pred_label
stringclasses 2
values | pred_label_prob
float64 0.5
1
| wiki_prob
float64 0.25
1
| text
stringlengths 70
1.01M
| source
stringlengths 37
43
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__wiki
| 0.723869
| 0.723869
|
Rediff.com » Business » Audi A4 at Rs 24 lakh
Audi A4 at Rs 24 lakh
January 12, 2006 13:50 IST
Volkswagen group company Audi on Thursday rolled out its luxury sedan 'A4' with a price tag of over 24 lakh (2.4 million) and said it will bring its Sports Utility Vehicle 'Q7' to India in the last quarter of 2006.
"A4 will be first available in Delhi and Bangalore and will then be launched in other metros," Audi general manager (Africa, Middle east and India) Stefan Hamberger told reporters at the Auto Expo in New Delhi.
The 'A4' bears a starting price tag of Rs 24.74 lakhs (Rs 2.47 million), he said, adding the company is targeting to sell 150 units in India in this calender year.
In total, Audi aims at selling 300 units in India. The German auto giant currently sells A8, A6, and TT Coupe in India.
The seven-seater SUV 'Q7' is being global launched in February starting from Europe and would be brought to India by the last quarter of this year. The Q7 is priced at about euros 50,000 in Germany and is likely to be in the same range in India as well.
The Q7 is available in two engine variants of a 4.2 litre direct injection petrol V8 and a 3.0-litre common rail diesel that uses the latest-generation Peizo injectors. Built on a long wheelbase, Q7 is billed as one of the most spacious SUVs, with the second and third rows of seats having the option of folding flat into the floor.
ऐसे जीत सकते है मोटापे या जीवनशैली की जंग!!
'We have been a bit like a fast tortoise'
British Open: Shubhankar tied 20th as Tiger struggles
Moneywiz Live!
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1508
|
__label__cc
| 0.649507
| 0.350493
|
MOOCs and Open Education in the Global South
Challenges, Successes, and Opportunities, 1st Edition
Edited by Ke Zhang, Curtis J Bonk, Thomas C Reeves, Thomas H Reynolds
376 pages | 128 B/W Illus.
With e-learning technologies evolving and expanding at high rates, organizations and institutions around the world are integrating massive open online courses (MOOCs) and other open educational resources (OERs). MOOCs and Open Education in the Global South explores the initiatives that are leveraging these flexible systems to educate, train, and empower populations previously denied access to such opportunities.
Featuring contributors leading efforts in rapidly changing nations and regions, this wide-ranging collection grapples with accreditation, credentialing, quality standards, innovative assessment, learner motivation and attrition, and numerous other issues. The provocative narratives curated in this volume demonstrate how MOOCs and OER can be effectively designed and implemented in vastly different ways in particular settings, as detailed by experts from Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific/Oceania, and the Caribbean.
This comprehensive text is an essential resource for policy makers, instructional designers, practitioners, administrators, and other MOOC and OER community stakeholders.
"Contributions from 25 emerging economies make this book a unique compendium of innovative ideas and valuable insights. The chapters highlight the ‘open’ dimension of MOOCs and the potential impact on promoting lifelong learning and sustainable development. The range and diversity of contributions is a fulfilling read for both policy makers and practitioners and demonstrates the vision and commitment of the editors to inclusion, innovation, and collaboration."
Asha Kanwar, President and CEO, Commonwealth of Learning, Vancouver, Canada
"MOOCs have reached a plateau. This book helps to understand how different types of economies have made use of this innovative delivery mechanism and are preparing to overcome the current plateau to take advantage of as well as expand upon the potentiality of MOOCS."
Professor Miguel Nussbaum, Co-Editor of Computers & Education, School of Engineering, Universidad Católica de Chile
"Since its introduction a dozen years ago the MOOC has become a global phenomenon. The editors do an excellent job capturing a diversity of applications and perspectives. We see the MOOC not merely as an online course, but a vehicle for improving access, advancing pedagogy, and fostering progress for good around the world. This reflects the original purpose of the MOOC and I am delighted to see it carried forward in this volume."
Stephen Downes, Senior Researcher, National Research Council of Canada and the originator of the MOOC
"Following a common pattern for innovations in educational technology, Open Educational Resources - MOOCs in particular – were grossly over-hyped in the early 2010s. This book takes a global perspective in providing a reality check for the 2020s. While only a few emerging economies (e.g., India) are deploying home-produced MOOCs at scale, fears that they would be a vehicle for a neo-colonialist agenda have proved over-blown. Encouragingly, the book reports burgeoning research activity on open education, boding well for the future."
Sir John Daniel, Chancellor, Acsenda School of Management, Vancouver, BC
"Informative and inspiring! This edited collection of studies, research, reports, and experiences on specific countries and regions across the global setting provides invaluable information on the current situation, trends, and challenges of MOOCs and OERs. We will apply the enhanced understanding and insight to keep innovating and expanding the impact of these knowledge tools to improve social and economic development in Latin America and the Caribbean."
Juan Cristóbal Bonnefoy, Chief, Inter-American Institute for Economic and Social Development (INDES), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
Not often do so many famous names get together to share such relevant information. At a time when MOOCs have become mainstream it is necessary for us to re-think their position in emerging economies. The authors provide a comprehensive look at the past, present, and future of MOOCs and give valuable insights into international policy and practice. This book is a must-have for open education practitioners world-wide.
Johannes Cronje, Dean of Informatics and Design, Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), South Africa
"This is not just another MOOC book providing the ‘openness philosophy.’ Instead, it is a well-balanced realistic overview of projects, ideas, and evaluations throughout the world. A valuable addition to a too often dominant western world view and approach."
Theo J. Bastiaens, Rector Magnificus, Open University, the Netherlands
"MOOCs have been a game changer in the higher education world for over a decade now. What is clear from this fascinating book is that the trend toward MOOCs and open education is not only impacting in affluent countries, but today they play a huge role throughout the developing world. In fact, late starter countries benefit from the success and limits of various trials in advanced countries as well as their own innovations and in-roads. This book delineates myriad exciting MOOC approaches, open education perspectives, and real world lessons as well as the associated social and political issues and ramifications in the Global South. As such, it provides diverse points of view for educators who need to practice MOOC approaches in developing countries."
Okhwa Lee, Professor, Chungbuk National University, Korea
"I have been so looking forward to this edited volume from Zhang, Bonk, Reeves, and Reynolds. It is yet another extraordinary book by a set of proven authors on topics that are highly current and extremely relevant to educators in the Global South and beyond."
Zoraini Wati Abas, Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic and Educational Technology), Wawasan Open University, Malaysia
"This book offers an insightful and rare perspective on the evolution of MOOCs in the Global South. An illustrious group of authors address issues ranging from historical perspectives, current practices, designs, multi-country collaborations, policies, and organizational innovations that impact the implementation of MOOCs in specific contexts. The diverse perspectives from several countries make this unique offering a must read for those who want to design online learning environments to enable more people from more places to learn with and from each other."
Charlotte Nirmalani (Lani) Gunawardena, Distinguished Professor, Organization, Information, & Learning Sciences Program, University of New Mexico
"MOOCs and Open Education in the Global South brings together the multi-country issues on MOOCs and OERs which are 21st century innovations. The authors have explored a variety of interesting data across the regions of the world. This insightful new guide helps the readers to make smart decisions while designing and creating MOOCs and OERs, respectively."
Professor Madhu Parhar, Director STRIDE, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi India
Dedication Foreword Preface Chapter 1. MOOCs and Open Education in the Global South: Successes and ChallengesSection 1: Historical Perspectives Chapter 2. An Historical Journey into K-MOOCs Leading to Possible Collaborations with North Korea Chapter 3. Current State of Practice and Research on MOOCs in Mainland China: A Critical Review Section 2: Current Practices and Designs Chapter 4. The Different Faces of Open in Egypt Chapter 5. Delivering on the Promise of Open Educational Resources: Pitfalls and Strategies Chapter 6. Massive Online Open Courses: The State of Practice in Indonesia Chapter 7. Orchestrating Shifts in Perspectives and Practices about the Design of MOOCs Chapter 8. A Different Kind of MOOC Architecture for Emerging Economies in Oceania and the Pacific Chapter 9. Nepali High School Students in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs): Impressive Results and a Promising Future Chapter 10. MOOCs in Latin America: Trends and Issues Chapter 11. The Emotional Benefits of Diversity in MOOCs: Reshaping Views of Online Education Through Exposure to Global Learners Section 3: MOOCs and Open Education for Professional Development Chapter 12. Insights into a Nationwide pdMOOC portal: Bilgeis.net of Turkey Chapter 13. Promoting Open Education and MOOCs in Thailand: A Research Based Design Approach Chapter 14. Capacity Building of Teachers: A Case Study of the Technology-Enabled Learning (TEL) Massive Open Online Courses Chapter 15. The Development of MOOCs as Incubation Space for Professional and Institutional Learning: A View from South Africa Section 4: Multi-Country Collaborations and Collections Chapter 16. Courses for a Cause: MOOC Contributions to a "Better Place for All" Chapter 17. MOOCs in Six Emerging APEC Member Economies: Trends, Research and Recommendations Chapter 18. A Glimpse on How MOOCs from IDB are Impacting Learners in Latin America and the Caribbean Section 5: Government Policies and Strategies Chapter 19. Advancing Open Education Policy in Brazilian Higher Education Chapter 20. Global Trends and Policy Strategies and their Implications for the Sustainable Development of MOOCs in Malaysia Chapter 21. OERs for Development (OERs4D) Framework as Designed and Implemented in the Philippines Chapter 22. Disruptive Learning: Inspiring the Advancement of MOOCs in the Middle East Section 6: Organizational Innovations Chapter 23. Open Education at the World Bank: A Significant Dividend for Development Chapter 24. From OER to OEP: The case of an OER-integrated teacher education eLearning program in Africa Chapter 25. Responsive innovations in MOOCs for Development: A case study of AgMOOCs in India Chapter 26. Implementing a Skills Accelerator to Prepare Students in Kenya for Online-Only Bachelors and MBA Programs that Require MOOCs and OER: A Case Study Section 7: The Future of MOOCs and Open Education Chapter 27. Evolution of Online Learning Environments and the Emergence of Intelligent MOOCs Chapter 28. MOOCs and Open Education in the Global South: Future Opportunities Acknowledgments
Ke Zhang is Professor of Learning Design and Technology at Wayne State University, USA.
Curtis J. Bonk is Professor of Instructional Systems Technology at Indiana University, USA, and President of CourseShare.
Thomas C. Reeves is Professor Emeritus of Learning, Design, and Technology at The University of Georgia, USA.
Thomas H. Reynolds is Professor of Teacher Education at National University, USA.
Adult Education and Lifelong Learning
Education Policy & Politics
International & Comparative Education
Open & Distance Education and eLearning
EDUCATION / General
MOOCs and Open Ed Global South 2020 TOC Front Matter (PDF 825KB)
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1511
|
__label__wiki
| 0.886016
| 0.886016
|
The Angry Birds Movie 2 premiere gets closer by the day, but especially today.
Looking forward to The Angry Birds Movie 2? The sequel to the 2016 blockbuster hit, The Angry Birds Movie, gets a new, earlier release date.
For those looking forward to the premiere of The Angry Birds Movie 2, we’ve got some good news; the sequel now has a new, earlier release date. Originally slated for release on September of next year, The Angry Birds Movie 2 will now premiere on August 16. That’s a whole a lot of days earlier! But who’s counting?
That means fans of the first Angry Birds Movie will have about 500 fewer hours to wait before seeing the sequel’s star-studded voice cast featuring returning favorites Jason Sudeikis, Josh Gad, Bill Hader, Peter Dinklage, and Danny McBride, as well as newcomers like Leslie Jones, Rachel Bloom, Eugenio Derbez, Awkwafina and Sterling K. Brown.
That’s over 30,000 fewer minutes to wait before we get to see what kind of trouble our favorite characters will get into next. Bird Island heroes Red, Bomb, and Chuck will all be returning, but what have they been up to since the infamous battle of Pig City? Of course, you can also expect the adorable little Hatchlings to make a comeback in a big way.
To go along with the release of The Angry Birds Movie 2, we’re are planning a celebration of all things Angry Birds with a new animated series, loads of fun toys, accessories and apparel, and lots more. More details will follow soon. It’s going to be awesome – you can count on it!
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1512
|
__label__wiki
| 0.988773
| 0.988773
|
Home > Resources > News > Betfred to sponsor World Snooker Championship
Betfred to sponsor World Snooker Championship
BETFRED have been announced as the new sponsors of the World Snooker Championship in a deal announced on Friday.
The bookmaker is returning as the backer of the sport's biggest event, due to take place at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield from April 18 to May 4, having previously been sponsor between 2009 and 2012.
Betfred founder Fred Done said: "I'm absolutely delighted to be once again sponsoring the World Snooker Championship.
"It's the pinnacle of the game and one of the key sporting events of the year. I'm really looking forward to be back at the Crucible which I regard as the home of snooker."
The firm have signed a three-year deal, with the winner of the tournament landing a £300,000 first prize.
World Snooker chairman Barry Hearn said: "We are thrilled to welcome back Betfred as title sponsor of our blue riband tournament and we look forward to working closely with their team on delivering another top class event.
"We recently announced that we are staying at the Crucible until 2017, so this agreement with Betfred fits perfectly and gives us a firm foundation to keep growing the event in the coming years."
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1513
|
__label__wiki
| 0.74465
| 0.74465
|
Golden Lion Tamarins
The golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia) is one of the most threatened primates in the world. Endemic to lowland Atlantic Forest of Brazil, one of the world’s 34 Hotspots – the most threatened and biologically diverse areas on the planet, this tiny red-gold monkey occurred historically throughout the coastal region of Rio de Janeiro State.
With massive deforestation in the region after the arrival of the Portuguese in 1500, the tamarin’s range and population numbers dwindled.
GLTs were on the brink of extinction in the 1960s, with the wild population estimated at fewer than 200 individuals. Deforestation for timber and charcoal production, over-extraction of forest products, agriculture, and cattle ranching, followed by urban expansion, have devastated the tamarin’s habitat, reducing it to only 2% of its original area, fragmented in small islands of mostly secondary vegetation.
Today, GLT distribution is restricted to only eight municipalities in the São João River Watershed, a region of no more than 3,000 km2 located about 100 km from the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area.
The golden lion tamarin is listed as endangered by IUCN.
The Lowland Atlantic Coastal Forest
Even in its reduced state the Atlantic Forest has enormous social, economic, and environmental importance. Because of its geographic isolation from other forest types, 52% of Atlantic Forest tree species, 92% of its amphibians and at least 158 species of its birds are found nowhere else in the world. Eighteen of Brazil’s 77 primate species, including GLTs, are found only in the Atlantic Forest. Atlantic Forest tree diversity ranks among the highest in the world. In addition to sustaining a globally important level of biodiversity (7% of the world’s species), the Atlantic Forest provides environmental services such as an adequate supply of fresh water and erosion control which support the economy and quality of life of 70% of the Brazilian population – more than 120 million people.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1519
|
__label__cc
| 0.72709
| 0.27291
|
Works underway to tackle rock throwing on Southern Expressway
Works to protect motorists on the Southern Expressway from rock throwing incidents have begun today with steel mesh to be installed over loose rocks along the motorway and additional CCTV cameras to be installed this week.
Approximately 2,000 square metres of rock embankment will be secured by the installation of steel mesh at Beach Road and Honeypot Road.
“These are the first of a number of measures the State Government is implementing to help keep motorists safe on the Southern Expressway,” said Minister for Transport, Infrastructure and Local Government Stephan Knoll.
“The installation will comprise two layers of steel mesh that is not easily cut and will be monitored by DPTI to assess its ongoing effectiveness.
“Installing CCTV cameras will have the dual benefit of deterring individuals from engaging in this reckless behaviour, as well as help collect more evidence so there is a better chance of identifying and prosecuting those doing the wrong thing.
“In addition to this installation of steel mesh and CCTV cameras, fencing will also be installed as well as throw screens on bridges over the Southern Expressway.
“The Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure has been meeting monthly with SAPOL to develop the most appropriate solution to tackle this longstanding problem of rock throwing.
“At the same time that we are delivering our engineering solution to make it physically harder for individuals to access and throw rocks at motor vehicles on the Southern Expressway, SAPOL has launched Operation Watercolour.
“The focus of Operation Watercolour is to prevent further incidents of rock throwing and identify suspects and will involve the direction of police resources including general patrols, bicycle patrols, mounted and dog operations, as well as the police helicopter.
“DPTI and SAPOL have also worked together to number the bridges so that motorists are able to easily report where incidents occur along the Southern Expressway.
“The State Government’s priority is keeping our community safe.
“The new State Government has done more to fix this longstanding problem of rock throwing in the last three months than the previous Labor administration did in 16 years.”
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1521
|
__label__wiki
| 0.543826
| 0.543826
|
2.1M Stolen Credit Card Numbers Found on Russian Hacker's Laptop
By Eduard Kovacs on August 18, 2014
Roman Valerevich Seleznev, a Russian national accused by United States authorities of operating several carding forums and hacking into point of sale (PoS) systems in an effort to steal payment card information, has been denied bail, the Department of Justice announced on Friday.
The 30-year-old man's attorneys requested that their client be placed on house arrest in an apartment in Seattle with electronic monitoring and no access to computers. They proposed a $1 million bond secured by $100,000 in cash. However, the judge rejected the proposal because the suspect has no ties to the Western District of Washington, he is a frequent international traveler, he has large amounts of money in bank accounts around the world, and he possesses the skills necessary to create false documents.
At the hearing, prosecutors revealed that they had found 2.1 million stolen credit card numbers on the laptop Seleznev had on him when he was arrested in the Maldives in July. Furthermore, investigators found evidence that the Russian searched his name and online monikers in the electronic filing system for the U.S federal courts to see if they showed up in any cases.
"Today was another important step in ensuring the charges against this defendant are tried in this community," stated U.S. Attorney Jenny A. Durkan. "The defendant is entitled to every protection offered by our system, but will be afforded no special privileges. Our investigation into the scope of defendant's actions is ongoing."
Seleznev, known on the cybercrime scene as "Track 2," was indicted in March 2011 by a federal grand jury in the Western District of Washington, but the indictment was unsealed only after his arrest. According to investigators, between October 2009 and February 2011, the suspect used malware to steal payment card information from PoS systems. He allegedly also created and operated the infrastructure needed to host forums specializing in the commercialization of stolen financial data.
He has been charged with 29 counts, including bank fraud, intentionally causing damage to a protected computer, obtaining information from a protected computer without authorization, possession with intent to defraud of 15 or more stolen credit card numbers, trafficking in stolen credit card numbers and aggravated identity theft.
The suspect is also named along with 54 other individuals in a separate racketeering case in Nevada targeting the members of the notorious carding website Carder.su. The man is said to have operated one of the websites that sold stolen payment card information to Carder.su members.
The case has been highly controversial because the suspect is the son of the prominent Russian lawmaker Valery Seleznev. Shortly after Seleznev's arrest, Moscow accused Washington of abducting a Russian national, and pointed out that this is another case in which the U.S. ignored the bilateral 1999 treaty on mutual legal assistance.
Valery Seleznev told the press that his son requires regular medical treatment after suffering brain damage in a bomb attack in Morocco in 2011.
Meanwhile, authorities in the Maldives responded to accusations by Russia that they had allowed the Unites States to abduct the alleged hacker. They clarified that they acted on an Interpol arrest warrant.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1525
|
__label__wiki
| 0.954408
| 0.954408
|
https://www.sfgate.com/technology/article/State-feds-sue-eBay-over-hiring-pact-4045486.php
State, feds sue eBay over hiring pact
U.S. DISTRICT COURT
By Bob Egelko
Updated 8:24 pm PST, Friday, November 16, 2012
California and the federal government sued online retail titan eBay Inc. on Friday under antitrust laws, saying former CEO Meg Whitman made an illegal agreement with Intuit Inc. that the two Silicon Valley companies would not recruit one another's employees.
In separate lawsuits filed in U.S. District Court in San Jose, the state and federal Justice Departments accused eBay of suppressing competition and harming both companies' employees by promising in 2006 not to recruit anyone from Intuit, and agreeing a year later that it wouldn't hire anyone from Intuit.
The agreement lasted at least until June 2009, when the U.S. Justice Department launched an antitrust investigation, the state lawsuit said. As a result of the probe, Intuit and five other high-tech companies - Apple, Google, Intel, Adobe Systems and Pixar - agreed to a federal injunction in September 2010 prohibiting such agreements, and Lucasfilm accepted similar restrictions two months later.
Whitman and Intuit founder and Executive Committee Chairman Scott Cook, who was also a member of eBay's board of directors, were closely involved in "forming, monitoring and enforcing the anticompetitive agreement," the U.S. Justice Department said. Whitman, the Republican candidate for governor in 2010, is now chief executive of Hewlett-Packard.
Intuit, the Mountain View software company, is not named as a defendant in either suit, although state Attorney General Kamala Harris' filing describes the company as a co-conspirator. Harris' office said it is in discussions with Intuit.
'High-tech capital'
"If California is going to continue to be the high-tech capital of the world, we can't allow anticompetitive conduct that prevents talent from going where it's put to its highest use," Harris said in a statement.
EBay, based in San Jose, said in a statement that its "hiring practices conform to the standards that the Department of Justice has approved in resolving cases against other companies." The state and federal governments are taking an "overly aggressive interpretation in their enforcement of antitrust law in this area," the company said.
The state lawsuit said eBay first proposed a hands-off agreement in November 2005 that would apply only to top-level executives at each company, but Intuit's Cook insisted on including all employees. Whitman and Cook held discussions a month later and agreed by August 2006 not to hire one another's employees without notifying the other company, the suit said.
EBay went a step further in 2007, the suit said, quoting a company e-mail as saying Whitman and Cook had "entered into the agreement (handshake style, not written) that eBay would not hire from Intuit, period."
'Harmed employees'
The suit said the agreement, not disclosed to those it affected, "harmed employees by reducing the salaries, benefits and employment opportunities they might otherwise have earned," and "harmed the public by preventing employee mobility." Although eBay and Intuit are not commercial competitors, the suit said, they compete for specialized employees, such as computer engineers and scientists.
Both suits seek injunctions against such agreements in the future. The state suit, filed under California's broader laws against illegal business conduct, also seeks penalties of $2,500 per violation, although it does not specify how violations should be calculated.
Bob Egelko is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. E-mail: begelko@sfchronicle.com
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1529
|
__label__wiki
| 0.600923
| 0.600923
|
Exhibition: Voices from Afghanistan
Tuesday 11 November 2014 - Sunday 27 March 2016
This exhibition presents the perspectives of participants, of those affected by the war – both in Afghanistan and in Australia – and of eyewitnesses to the conflict. Read More
Some Australians who have fought in Afghanistan were only starting primary school when the war started after the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001. For thirteen years Australia’s servicemen and women have served, often in multiple deployments. They were sent to bring stability and security to a country that has known little of either for a generation. Australia’s commitment to Afghanistan continues, but with the winding down of major combat operations, it is timely to look back on the war. This exhibition presents the perspectives of participants, of those affected by the war – both in Afghanistan and in Australia – and of eyewitnesses to the conflict.
The Voices from Afghanistan temporary exhibition is located in the the Galleries of Remembrance, a $45 million Victorian Government redevelopment that utilises 1,600 square metres of undercroft space that exists beneath the Shrine of Remembrance. Over 800 objects are included in permanent and temporary exhibition spaces which illustrate the experiences of Australians at war and in peacekeeping operations, from Pre-Federation to the present day, with a particular focus on individual and unit stories of Victorian service and sacrifice.
Last admission to the Galleries of Remembrance is 4.30pm.
Exhibition: The war on our doorstep
Tuesday 11 November 2014 - Sunday 17 July 2016
The latter New Guinea campaigns saw Australia’s troops hone the skills and demonstrate the prowess which, by war’s end, had made them the world’s finest jungle fighters. Read More
Australian success in Papua between July 1942 and January 1943 checked the Japanese southward advance but the victories at Kokoda, Milne Bay and the Beachheads did not remove the Japanese presence in the Mandated Territory of New Guinea to Papua’s north. From early 1943, Australian troops embarked upon a series of campaigns in the Mandate–at Wau (29 January – 6 February 1943), Salamaua–Lae (April–September 1943), Finisterre Range (September 1943 – April 1944) and Huon Peninsula (September 1943 – March 1944) which eradicated the enemy threat from mainland New Guinea once and for all. These campaigns, the subject of this exhibition, were the largest series of interconnected operations ever undertaken by the Australian military and proved every bit as gruelling and hard fought as the earlier, more celebrated campaigns in Papua. The latter New Guinea campaigns saw Australia’s troops hone the skills and demonstrate the prowess which, by war’s end, had made them the world’s finest jungle fighters.
This temporary exhibition is located in the the Galleries of Remembrance, a $45 million Victorian Government redevelopment that utilises 1,600 square metres of undercroft space that exists beneath the Shrine of Remembrance. Over 800 objects are included in permanent and temporary exhibition spaces which illustrate the experiences of Australians at war and in peacekeeping operations, from Pre-Federation to the present day, with a particular focus on individual and unit stories of Victorian service and sacrifice.
Exhibition: Records of war
Tuesday 11 November 2014 - Monday 19 October 2015
Since the First World War Australia has shown commitment and vision in collecting and preserving records of war to commemorate the service and sacrifice of Australians at war. Read More
Since the First World War (1914-18) Australia has shown commitment and vision in collecting and preserving records of war to commemorate the service and sacrifice of Australians at war.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1533
|
__label__cc
| 0.595158
| 0.404842
|
Family's lasting tribute to popular Ottery businesswoman
PUBLISHED: 12:00 06 February 2019
Clarissa Place
Members of Vivienne's family with the newly planted tree. Picture: Chris Abbott
The family of a popular Ottery businesswoman has planted a lasting tribute in the centre of the town she loved.
Vivienne's children Chris, Jeff, and Marie. Along with grandchildren William and Amelia with the tree. Picture: Chris Abbott
A tree dedicated in memory of Vivienne Abbott was planted on Sunday outside the library, next to the planter in honour of her late husband Tony.
Vivienne died in August 2017 after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and had served as the town’s chamber of commerce chairman for many years.
Members of her family including her three children – Chris, Jeff and Marie – along with her grandchildren, siblings, nieces and nephews all gathered as the tree was put into place.
Chris said: “It is also very fitting that it is next to the planter that is in memory of our dad who also died of cancer in 2012.
“It is a very fitting and lasting tribute, as they both worked extremely hard for the good of the town.
“It is comforting to know that people haven’t forgotten her.”
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1534
|
__label__wiki
| 0.778418
| 0.778418
|
Ireland’s CONNECT Centre to lead €3m EU-Brazil telecoms project, FUTEBOL
The CONNECT Centre in Trinity College Dublin is to lead an EU-Brazil telecommunications research consortium after winning €3 million in a funding initiative co-managed by the Brazilian government and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme for research and innovation.
The consortium, known as FUTEBOL (Federated Union of Telecommunications Research Facilities for an EU-Brazil Open Laboratory), is the only Irish-led project among the five winning proposals.
FUTEBOL will allow researchers run experiments on a telecommunications network distributed across Europe and Brazil. The consortium is led and coordinated by Professor Luiz DaSilva, Professor of Telecommunications at the CONNECT Centre for Future Networks in Trinity College Dublin.
Professor Luiz DaSilva said: “The Internet must evolve to facilitate a new generation of services as diverse as HD video and autonomous vehicles. New services emerging from the Internet of Things will also have to be accommodated.
“This requires an evolution of both the wireless network to which we connect and the optical network that forms the backbone of the Internet.
“FUTEBOL will enable researchers to experiment at the boundary of these two networks, through a network testbed federation that spans Europe and Brazil.
“We have already developed a very sophisticated testbed here at Trinity College. This can now be used by researchers across Europe and Brazil.”
The FUTEBOL consortium involves 13 partners, eight in Brazil and five in the EU, and is a mix of academic institutions, research centres and industry, including Intel.
Prof Luiz DaSilva added: “This success demonstrates Ireland’s attractiveness as an international research partner. It represents a strong return on recent efforts to encourage collaboration between research communities and industry partners in Ireland and Brazil. With support from Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), we are building strong relationships between the two countries and initiatives such as the International Strategic Cooperation Awards (ISCA) and Brazil-Ireland Science Week, organised by Research Brazil Ireland, have helped develop strong links among researchers and industry partners.”
FUTEBOL will launch later this year with research work commencing in January 2016.
Labels: FUTEBOL, Ireland’s CONNECT Centre to lead €3m EU-Brazil telecoms project
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1535
|
__label__cc
| 0.567569
| 0.432431
|
You are here: Home / Blog / 13 Startup Schemes and Grants in Singapore
13 Startup Schemes and Grants in Singapore
September 13, 2017 IN Blog
Business-incubating infrastructure, tax incentives, cash grants, or financing schemes; everything that a new company desires, Singapore has it. In fact, the Government has recently rolled out several initiatives to propel the nation towards a thriving start-up ecosystem.
To get ahead of the fierce global competition for talented entrepreneurs, Minister of State for Trade and Industry Mr Koh Poh Koon announced the launch of Startup SG in March 2017.
Startup SG is the umbrella branding unifying all the support schemes for startups in Singapore. Essentially a launch pad for entrepreneurs by providing them a platform to access local support initiatives as well as connect to the global entrepreneurial network, Startup SG is your go-to one-stop source for loans, grants, funding and capability-enhancement.
The Government, meanwhile, has also overhauled the EntrePass work pass scheme with further enhancements to the evaluation criteria in a bid to facilitate the entry of global entrepreneurial talent into Singapore.
This came at the backdrop of significant increase in the number of start-ups in the country over the last decade or so. The number was 48,000 in 2015, as compared to 22,000 in 2003. And with recent developments where the authorities have extended more support to start-ups in terms of funding and talent, this number is bound to increase even further, adding to Singapore’ reputation as a regional hub for start-ups.
So if you have decided to be a part of the city-state’s vibrant startup ecosystem and incorporate a company in Singapore, below is the exhaustive list of all the governmental support you can receive here.
1) Startup SG
The platform provided by the said initiative caters to every possible permutation of a start-up ecosystem, and is categorised under six different pillars:
Startup SG Founder
It provides mentorship and start-up capital grant to first-time entrepreneurs with innovative business ideas. Under this, SPRING, which matches $3 for every $1 raised by the entrepreneur, has appointed Accredited Mentor Partners (AMP) whose job is to identify qualifying applicants based on the uniqueness of business concept, the feasibility of business model, strength of management team, and potential market value.
Startup SG Tech
It is aimed at providing early-stage funding to companies for the commercialisation of proprietary technology and includes both Proof-of-Concept (POC) and Proof-of-Value (POV) grants depending on the technology’s developmental stage. Do note that this is a competitive grant, which tech start-ups can use to fast-track the development of their proprietary solutions and generate a scalable business model.
Startup SG Equity
This scheme – where the Singapore Government co-invests in a start-up along with third party investors – is aimed at encouraging and stimulating private-sector investments into innovative, Singapore-based technology start-ups with intellectual property and global market potential. With regard to the co-investment ratio with third party investors, it is 7:3 up to $250,000, and 1:1 thereafter up to the investment cap of $2 million for general tech companies. The figures for deep tech companies are 7:3 up to $500,000, and 1:1 thereafter up to the investment cap of $4 million. But the Government only co-invests if the interested third party individual or corporate investors are prepared to invest at least $50,000 each, and are able to contribute to the start-up’s growth via management experience, relevant business contacts and necessary technical expertise.
Importantly, this pillar of Startup SG is managed by SPRING SEEDS Capital (SSC), which is the investment arm of SPRING Singapore. It co-invests with independent investors in commercially-viable Singapore-based start-ups with innovative and strong intellectual content that are scalable across international markets.
SSC has already pledged up to $100 million to groom high potential Singapore-based deep technology start-ups and is calling for co-investment partners in the domain areas of Advanced Manufacturing and Engineering (AME), as well as Health and Biomedical Sciences.
Startup SG Accelerator
This scheme provides funding and non-financial support to incubators and accelerators working in strategic growth sectors to further enhance their programs and expertise in nurturing successful start-ups. The funding support includes partial operating expenses such as salaries of the incubation team, hiring of mentors and experts to guide start-ups, and expenses in developing programmes to help start-ups develop new products and services, obtain business financing, and improve market access.
Startup SG Talent
This pillar includes schemes such as EntrePass, T-UP and SME Talent Programme (STP) for Start-ups. EntrePass is a work pass scheme to facilitate the entry and stay of global entrepreneurial talent in Singapore, which can complement the country’s local skill-sets and contribute to a more vibrant high tech start-up ecosystem. T-UP or Technology for Enterprise Capability Upgrading – is aimed at helping businesses build in-house R&D capabilities by accessing the pool of talent from A*STAR’s Research Institutes. It subsidises up to 70 percent of the secondment costs of research scientists and engineers for a period of up to 2 years. SME Talent Programme (STP) for Start-ups is run by Action Community for Entrepreneurship (ACE), where it provides 70 percent subsidy in stipends paid to interns, and in turn, assists start-ups in building their human capital development capabilities.
Startup SG Loan
While offered through participating financial institutions, these are Government-backed loans, which provide start-ups with much-needed working capital, equipment/factory financing and trade financing. These include SME Micro Loans – for companies with 10 or less employees, which can access working capital financing of up to S$100,000 to support their day-to-day business operations; SME Venture Loan – for high-growth companies, which can access alternative financing of up to S$5,000,000 for the purpose of business expansion; SME Working Capital Loan – in place between June 1, 2016, to May 31, 2019, start-ups can access unsecured working capital financing of up to S$300,000 to support their day-to-day business operations; and SME Equipment and Factory Loans – start-ups can access financing of up to S$15 million to purchase equipment, machines or selected factory properties.
While Startup SG is the “umbrella” covering all-you-need-to-know about start-up incorporation advantages in Singapore, there are few additional not-widely-known benefits as well, which are listed below.
Related Article: 6 Startup SG Pillars You Have To Know
2) Angel Investors Tax Deduction (AITD) scheme
The AITD is for suitable and approved angel investors who commit a minimum of $100,000 in a qualifying startup. The angel enjoys a tax deduction of 50 percent of the investment at the end of a two-year holding period. Do note that for each year, the eligible investments will be subject to a cap of $500,000, and the corresponding maximum tax deduction will be $250,000.
3) Financial Sector Technology and Innovation (FSTI) scheme
The FSTI scheme is launched by the Momentary Authority of Singapore (MAS) to provide support for the creation of a vibrant ecosystem for innovation, under which the Authority has committed S$225 million over a five-year period. The scheme is to attract financial institutions to set up their innovation labs in Singapore, support the building of industry-wide technology infrastructure, as well as catalyse the development of innovation solutions.
Under FSTI, there is a sub-scheme called FSTI-Proof of Concept (POC). Under this, MAS provides funding support of up to 50-70 percent of qualifying costs, up to a maximum of $200,000, for up to 18 months. This support is available to Singapore-based Financial Institutions (FIs), as well as technology or solution providers working with Singapore-based FIs for the early stage development of innovative solutions to financial industry problems.
4) Capabilities Development Grant (CDG)
This is a financial assistance programme designed to help start-ups/ SMEs build their capabilities across 10 key business areas. Companies can use the scheme to subsidise up to 70 percent of qualifying project costs including consultancy, training, certification, equipment and software costs. These initiatives must lead to increasing productivity, process improvement, product development, human capital development, business model transformation, and better market access.
5) Productivity and Innovation Credit (PIC)
Information below is for reference only. Kindly note that PIC Scheme has expired as at YA 2018.
PIC is an initiative under the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore, which allows businesses to enjoy 400 percent tax deductions up to $400,000 or 60 percent cash pay-out up to $100,000, for investments in innovation and productivity improvements. The six activities covered under PIC include R&D, registration of IP, acquisition and in-licensing of IP, acquisition or leasing of prescribed automation equipment, training of employees, and approved design projects.
Related Article: Singapore productivity and innovation credit pic scheme
6) Innovation and Capability Voucher (ICV)
This is a simple to apply, easy-to-use voucher valued at $5,000, to encourage start-ups/ SMEs to develop their business capabilities. Companies can use the voucher to upgrade and strengthen their core business operations through consultancy in the areas of innovation, productivity, human resources and financial management. Each start-up/ SME is entitled to a maximum of eight vouchers, and the duration for each project should not exceed six months.
7) Early Stage Venture Fund (ESVF)
ESVF is an initiative under the National Framework for Innovation and Enterprise. Through ESVF, NRF invests $10 million on a matching basis, to seed corporate venture capital (VC) funds that invest in Singapore-based early stage high-tech companies. Notably, the VC has the option to buy out NRF’s share of the fund within five years by returning NRF’s capital with interest.
8) Business Improvement Fund (BIF)
The BIF is open to all Singapore-registered businesses/companies embarking on projects with a clear tourism focus, and is thus run by the Singapore Tourism Board (STB). It aims to encourage technology innovation and adoption, redesign of business model and processes in the tourism sector to improve productivity and competitiveness. Funding support is awarded based on STB’s evaluation of the scope and merits of the project. While successful SME applicants receive funding support of up to 70 percent of qualifying costs, non-SME applicants receive funding support of up to 50 percent of qualifying costs.
9) Building Information Model (BIM) Fund
This fund, under which companies can apply for up to $30,000 funding, is to encourage wider adoption of BIM collaboration among the built environment industry firms by subsiding part of the cost incurred in training, consultancy, software or hardware.
Finally, if you are a Singapore-registered company and are stepping into a new market or deepening your presence in an existing one, International Enterprise (IE) Singapore offers a suite of assistance programmes. These are listed below.
10) Double Tax Deduction for Internationalisation (DTDi)
Companies expanding overseas can enjoy tax savings with DTDi, which provides 200 percent tax deduction on eligible expenses for supported market expansion and investment development activities.
11) Market Readiness Assistance (MRA) Grant
Also, available is the MRA grant of up to 70 percent of eligible third-party costs, which cover activities such as overseas market set-up, identification of business partners, and overseas market promotion.
12) Global Company Partnership Grant
The GCP Grant helps companies defray eligible costs of their overseas expansion projects in capability building, market access and manpower development.
13) International Marketing Activities Programme (iMap)
iMAP supports overseas business missions and Singapore Pavilions at international trade fairs. Companies who are participating in iMAP approved activities will receive support of up to 50 – 70 percent of eligible core expenses such as rental of exhibition space, booth construction cost and fair/mission consultancy expenses.
Closing Note
The above is just a brief overview of all the assistance start-ups get when they incorporate a company in Singapore. Additional benefits available to all companies in Singapore include low corporate tax rates, tight intellectual property rights regime, skilled manpower, and good connectivity to emerging markets of Asia.
Suffice to say, if you want to build your dream company, Singapore is the place to be.
And when you decide to do so, just note that SCI’s expertise in Singapore company incorporation is unmatched. There is a reason we have helped establish over 10,000 business entities in the last two decades of operations – choose us to be your corporate services partner.
Related Reading » Company Registration in Singapore
Access capital and get funding
Tap into our network of banks, private equity firms, venture capitalists and angel investors.
6 Startup SG Pillars You Have To Know How to Apply for Startup SG Tech How to Apply for Startup SG Equity SEBI Targeting Start-up Listings with Easing of Rules
← How to Apply for Startup SG Equity What to Look Out For: New Work Pass Card and SGWorkPass Mobile App →
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1536
|
__label__cc
| 0.668007
| 0.331993
|
Medical and Health Care
Sundance Energy Australia’s Borrowing Base Reaffirmed at $67 Million
DENVER, May 26, 2016 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Sundance Energy Australia Limited (ASX:SEA) (“Sundance” or the “Company”), a U.S. onshore oil and gas exploration and production company focused in the Eagle Ford and Greater Anadarko Basin, is pleased to announce the completion of its second quarter 2016 borrowing base redetermination. The borrowing base under its Revolving Credit Facility with Morgan Stanley has been reaffirmed at $67 million. CEO and Managing Director Eric McCrady commented, “We are pleased with the outcome of the semi-annual redetermination of our borrowing base and appreciate Morgan Stanley’s support.”
The Company’s Term Loan with Morgan Stanley remains unchanged at $125 million. The Revolving Credit Facility matures in May 2020 and the Term Loan matures in November 2020.
About Sundance Energy Australia Limited
Sundance Energy Australia Limited (“Sundance” or the “Company”) is an Australian-based, independent energy exploration company, with a wholly owned US subsidiary, Sundance Energy Inc., located in Denver, Colorado, USA.
The Company is focused on the acquisition and development of large, repeatable oil and natural gas resource plays in North America. Current activities are focused in the Eagle Ford and Greater Anadarko Basins. A comprehensive overview of the Company can be found on Sundance’s website at www.sundanceenergy.net.
The following disclaimer applies to this document and any information contained in it. The information in this release is of general background and does not purport to be complete. It should be read in conjunction with Sundance’s periodic and continuous disclosure announcements lodged with ASX Limited that are available at www.asx.com.au and Sundance’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission available at www.sec.gov/edgar.
This release may contain forward-looking statements. These statements relate to the Company’s expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. These statements can be identified by the use of words like “anticipate”, “believe”, “intend”, “estimate”, “expect”, “may”, “plan”, “project”, “will”, “should”, “seek” and similar words or expressions containing same.
These forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s views and assumptions with respect to future events as of the date of this release and are subject to a variety of unpredictable risks, uncertainties, and other unknowns. Actual and future results and trends could differ materially from those set forth in such statements due to various factors, many of which are beyond our ability to control or predict. These include, but are not limited to, risks or uncertainties associated with our the discovery and development of oil and natural gas reserves, cash flows and liquidity, business and financial strategy, budget, projections and operating results, oil and natural gas prices, amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures, including future development costs, availability and terms of capital and general economic and business conditions. Given these uncertainties, no one should place undue reliance on any forward looking statements attributable to Sundance, or any of its affiliates or persons acting on its behalf. Although every effort has been made to ensure this release sets forth a fair and accurate view, we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Eric McCrady, Managing Director
Mike Hannell, Chairman
Singapore News Gazette May 27, 2016 Business and Finance Tags » ASEAN
Iran has “no obligation” to sell heavy water
Philippines to promote national ICT interest in international body
Visit by Minister for Foreign Affairs Dr Vivian Balakrishnan to Jakarta, Indonesia, 16 to 18 July 2019
Singapore and Kenya Establish Cooperation on Developing Digital Infrastructure at Inaugural Afro-Asia FinTech Festival
South China Sea Standoff Likely Signals China’s ‘Push of Maritime Claims’ Amid Vietnam Backdown
Copyright © 2019 - Singapore News Gazette.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1537
|
__label__cc
| 0.712959
| 0.287041
|
You are here: Home News Local Plan submitted
Local Plan submitted
After four years, nine town and parish workshops, four public roadshows, and three public consultations generating more than 10,000 separate comments, the first Local Plan to cover the entire South Downs National Park has been submitted to the Government. The plan sets out planning policies across the whole of the National Park, how land is used and what can be built where.
Local plans have the power to make a big difference to the world around you. This is particularly the case for the South Downs where development needs to be properly managed in order to conserve and enhance the natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage for which the National Park was designated seven years ago.
“The South Downs Local Plan puts our nationally important landscapes first and will ensure they sit at the heart of every planning decision we make,” says Margaret Paren, Chair of the National Park Authority. “Putting the landscape first means making sure we get the right growth in the right places. This will both protect our landscapes and allow our communities to flourish, providing better places to live and work for the 112,000 people who call the South Downs National Park home.”
In developing the plan we have also set out the high standards that all proposed development must meet to protect and value nature – both for its own sake and also for the vital ‘eco-system’ services it gives us such as clean water, food, wood and space to breathe.
During the past seven years our planners – both within the National Park Authority and working under delegated authority in other local authorities – have been using more than a thousand policies from the 12 local planning authorities responsible for managing development before 2011. The draft Local Plan will replace these with just 96 policies, consistent across the whole National Park from the edge of Eastbourne to Winchester.
We’ve now received confirmation that an Inspector has been appointed. He’ll set questions to be answered by the Authority and other interested parties on the plan. All outstanding queries will be dealt with at public hearings, expected to be held at the South Downs Centre in Midhurst. The date will be confirmed by the Inspector in due course.
As well as the Local Plan itself we’ve submitted all of the evidence used in its preparation and more than 2,500 comments received in the final pre-submission consultation held in autumn 2017.
This is available to view at www.southdowns.gov.uk/localplan
All updates on the Local Plan will be published on the examination website including times and dates for public hearings.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1541
|
__label__wiki
| 0.707332
| 0.707332
|
Camilla to visit charities and newspaper office in Aberdeenshire
By Press Association 2019
The Duchess of Cornwall is to visit two charities and the office of a newspaper during a trip around the north-east of Scotland.
Camilla, known as the Duchess of Rothesay when in Scotland, will first tour the HorseBack UK centre in Aboyne, Aberdeenshire, on Tuesday.
Founded in 2009, the charity helps military personnel with mental and physical rehabilitation through horsemanship and outdoor activities.
It also helps children struggling in school by providing them with teamwork and communication skills.
The Duchess of Cornwall and Queen of Norway during the official opening of the Maggie’s cancer support centre in Aberdeen in 2013 (PA)
The duchess will also visit Maggie’s Aberdeen – a charity she is the president of – which is based at the city’s royal infirmary.
Camilla opened the centre in 2013 with the Queen of Norway.
In her last engagement of the day, the duchess will tour the new Aberdeen Journals’ office in Marischal Square and present an award to the winner of the company’s junior journalist competition.
The Aberdeen arm of DC Thomson Media is publisher of the Press and Journal and Evening Express newspapers.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1542
|
__label__cc
| 0.732727
| 0.267273
|
MOVIES: The Avengers: Age of Ultron - Official Synopsis
Posted by Babar at September 16, 2014 16 Comments
Marvel Studios presents Avengers: Age of Ultron, the epic follow-up to the biggest Super Hero movie of all time. When Tony Stark tries to jumpstart a dormant peacekeeping program, things go awry and Earth’s Mightiest Heroes, including Iron Man, Captain America, Thor, The Incredible Hulk, Black Widow and Hawkeye, are put to the ultimate test as the fate of the planet hangs in the balance. As the villainous Ultron emerges, it is up to The Avengers to stop him from enacting his terrible plans, and soon uneasy alliances and unexpected action pave the way for an epic and unique global adventure.
“Marvel’s Avengers: Age of Ultron stars Robert Downey Jr., who returns as Iron Man, along with Chris Evans as Captain America, Chris Hemsworth as Thor and Mark Ruffalo as The Hulk. Together with Scarlett Johansson as Black Widow and Jeremy Renner as Hawkeye, and with the additional support of Samuel L. Jackson as Nick Fury and Cobie Smulders as Agent Maria Hill, the team must reassemble to defeat James Spader as Ultron, a terrifying technological villain hell-bent on human extinction. Along the way, they confront two mysterious and powerful newcomers, Wanda Maximoff, played by Elizabeth Olsen, and Pietro Maximoff, played by Aaron Taylor-Johnson, and meet an old friend in a new form when Paul Bettany becomes Vision.
“Written and directed by Joss Whedon and produced by Kevin Feige, Marvel’s Avengers: Age of Ultron is based on the ever-popular Marvel comic book series The Avengers, first published in 1963. Get set for an action-packed thrill ride when The Avengers return in Marvel’s Avengers:Age of Ultron on May 1, 2015.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1544
|
__label__wiki
| 0.656016
| 0.656016
|
Jane the Virgin - Episode 5.18 - Chapter Ninety-Nine (Series Finale) - Press Release
“Chapter Ninety-Nine” — (8:00-8:59 p.m. ET) (TV-PG, DSV) (HDTV)
A CELEBRATORY EPISODE – Get ready for the finale with cast interviews from the cast of “Jane The Virgin” - Gina Rodriguez, Andrea Navedo, Yael Grobglas, Justin Baldoni, Brett Dier, Ivonne Coll, Jaime Camil, Elias Janssen, Anthony Mendez and executive producer Jennie Snyder Urman. Episode (#518). Original airdate 7/31/2019.
“Chapter One Hundred” — (8:59-10:00 p.m. ET) (TV-PG) (HDTV)
SERIES FINALE – With Jane (Gina Rodriguez) and Rafael (Justin Baldoni) finally getting ready for their big day, Rafael’s desire to help Jane’s writing dream lands him in trouble. Xo (Andrea Navedo) and Rogelio (Jaime Camil) must tell the family about their decision and not everyone takes it well. Meanwhile, Petra (Yael Grobglas) struggles with her emotions. Ivonne Coll also stars. Brad Silberling directed the episode written by Jennie Snyder Urman (#519). Original airdate 7/31/2019.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1545
|
__label__cc
| 0.672505
| 0.327495
|
Sportful respects the privacy of its users. Personal data sent by users to Sportful will be treated with the utmost care and with all the appropriate tools to ensure their security, fully respecting the European standard for the protection of privacy.
This Privacy and Cookie Policy has been compiled in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (“GDPR”), with the Law for the protection of personal data (D. Lgs. 196/2003), and with all other provisions of the applicable laws.
The Privacy and Cookie Policy sets out the objectives and methods for the processing of users’ personal data in respect of the Site, with specific reference to the categories of personal data that are processed, to the identification of the data controller, to the maximum period of retention of personal data, and to the main safety measures provided for the protection of Users’ privacy rights.
“Personal data” is taken to mean all personal data and any information concerning a natural person who is identified or identifiable, including indirectly, or information concerning an individual whose identity can be ascertained by means of additional information (Art. 4 GDPR).
“Processing” of personal data means all operations performed concerning the collection, recording, organisation, structuring, storage, consultation, compiling, adaptation or alteration, selection, extraction, comparison, use, interconnection, blocking, communication, distribution, erasure and destruction of the personal data, as well as its storage in a database (Art. 4 GDPR).
As provided by the applicable legislation, the processing of personal data carried out by the data controller will always and without exception be based on the principles of correctness, lawfulness, and transparency, and on the protection of confidentiality.
In the event of non-acceptance of this version of the Privacy and Cookie Policy, or of any subsequent changes to it that may be made in future, users are invited to cease accessing the Site forthwith.
The data controller for personal data is Manifattura Valcismon S.p.A., whose head office is located at Via G. Marconi 81/83, 32030 Fonzaso (BL), Italy (the “Data controller”).
Categories of personal data that are processed
Access to, and navigation on the Site entails the collection and processing of various categories of users’ and/or of other interested parties’ personal data.
Firstly, the Site collects and processes information concerning the interaction with the user’s device that accesses it for example, IP address, information on the browser, operating system, and type of device used, the pages visited and the searches performed on the Site and concerning other information.
In this context, the personal data involved are those which are strictly necessary to enable navigation on the Site or to make navigation more functional.
The Site expressly requires the User to communicate personal data when they activate the procedure for registration on the Site, and/or in order to implement a purchase order on the Site. In these contexts, this involves data that is necessary or useful in order to provide services to the User.
In other situations, the Site asks about users and their personal data in order to send them communications of a commercial nature: for example, for subscription to the newsletter, and for participation in prize events, or to send commercial offers, either on its own behalf or for third parties.
The Site will always ask for the express and separate consent of users when it intends to carry out profiling activities for marketing purposes. Profiling means any form of automated processing of personal data involving the use of such data for the evaluation of certain personal aspects relating to a natural persona, in particular for the analysis or anticipation of aspects concerning professional performance, economic circumstances, health, personal preferences, reliability, behaviours, location or movements of the natural person (Art. 4 GDPR).
From time to time, the Site will indicate where the communication of personal data by the user is mandatory or optional.
It is also possible that the Site will perform checks, either directly, or indirectly, concerning payment methods and instruments used, in order to prevent insolvency, fraudulent activity or concerning anti-money laundering legislation.
The withholding of consent to the processing of personal data for purposes unconnected with the functioning of the Site and/or placement of orders on the Site will not have any significant consequences.
Personal data are used only when necessary for the specific purpose for which they were gathered and subsequently processed.
The purpose of the processing of personal data
The Data controller gathers and processes users’ personal data for the purposes of interacting with them, providing assistance and the services requested by users, before and after completion of orders on the Site. In this context, the processing of personal data is legitimately based on the requirement of the Data controller to provide the services requested by users and/or the fulfilment of its own contractual obligations.
In addition, subject to the express consent by the user in question, the Data controller gathers and processes users’ data in order to implement promotional and commercial information activities, for sending out advertising material, direct sales, as well as for market research and other advertising activities directed at the same user. In such situations, processing of the personal data is legitimately based on the valid consent expressed by the interested party.
Where this type of marketing activity is specifically based on tastes, shopping experiences, and the interests of the user (referred to as profiling), a separate user consent is obtained as an essential prior condition to carrying out this kind of profiling activity.
On the basis of the legitimate interest of improving services and products offered to its clients, the Data controller sends commercial emails containing communications, promotions, discounts, requests for feedback, or updates to such clients. Clients always have the option of refusing to receive such commercial communications (for example, by clicking on the link placed in these emails).
Communication of personal data
The Data controller communicates some of the personal data collected to entities, including to third parties that are involved in the fulfilment of purchase orders, in the sales and also in the after-sales stages, which also act as data controllers in respect of personal data. This would, for example, involve couriers who carry out deliveries for products ordered on the Site, and other kinds of operator.
In this type of context, the communication of personal data to suppliers is necessary in order to fulfil the contractual obligations that arise from the conclusion of orders on the Site.
This is without prejudice to the communication or disclosure of personal data where required by a judicial authority, or by other public bodies for security purposes of the State, or for the prevention, detection or suppression of administrative or criminal offences, and in cases where the communication or disclosure of personal data is required by law.
In all other cases, the communication or distribution of personal data is subject to the prior, express, and unequivocal consent of the interested party.
Users can ask the Data controller for an updated list of those responsible for processing personal data, via email, at the following address: [•]
The Data controller will not transfer personal data to locations and territories outside the European Economic Area (EEA) without an adequate level of protection for the personal data, without the prior, unequivocal consent of users and of the interested parties.
Retention period for personal data
The Data controller will delete or anonymise personal data in a timely manner, once personal data is no longer required.
In particular, the Data controller shall retain the personal data for a sufficient period in order to provide the services requested by users, and to fulfil their legal or tax obligations.
In order to determine the appropriate retention period for personal data, the Data Controller will take into account multiple factors to ensure that personal data is not stored for longer than is necessary or appropriate. These factors also include the purposes for which the Data Controller collects and processes personal data and the type of relationship established with the user (how often they connect to the Site, if they continue to receive commercial communications, how often they make purchases on the Site, etc.)
Rights of users
Concerning the processing of personal data referred to above, all interested parties in relation to the processing of personal data may exercise the rights provided by the GDPR.
In particular, the interested party is entitled to obtain confirmation of the existence or otherwise of personal data concerning them, even if not yet recorded, and of their communication in intelligible form.
The interested party also has the right to know:
the origin of the personal data processed;
the purpose, and legal basis for the processing;
the legitimate interests that may be pursued by the Data controller, where these constitute the legal basis for the processing itself;
the existence of an automatic decision-making process, including profiling;
the identification details of the entity processing the data;
the retention period for the personal data.
The interested party also has the right to request of the Data controller that their personal data are:
updated, corrected or (where data are incomplete) supplemented;
deleted, if:
the data are no longer necessary for the purposes for which they were gathered or processed;
the interested party revokes their consent to, or opposes their processing;
the data are processed unlawfully, or must be deleted in order to comply with a legal obligation;
limited in respect of the related processing applied to them, if:
the data are inaccurate and are being processed unlawfully, or the interested party has opposed their processing;
even if the Data controller no longer needs the data for the purposes of processing, they are necessary to enable the interested party to assert a right in legal proceedings;
they are transferred to another Data controller (referred to as the portability right), if the processing is based on consent and is performed using automated means.
The interested party has the right to oppose, entirely or in part:
for legitimate reasons, the processing of the personal data concerning them, even though relevant to the purpose of the data gathering;
the processing of the personal data concerning them, for the purpose of sending advertising material or for direct sales, or for conducting market research, or commercial communications.
The interested part has the right to lodge a complaint with the Data Protection Authority or with any other competent supervisory authority.
For all communications to the Data controller concerning questions of privacy or in order to exercise their individual rights, users can contact the Data controller by telephone on 0439-5711, by fax on 0439-56436 or by email at: service@sportful.com.
To enable the activation of specific functions, the Site may in some cases use cookies (files sent by the Site’s server to the User’s browser. The user may, at their own free choice, be informed concerning the use of cookies or block their use by changing the options for their navigation program. In this case, some features of the site may not function correctly. Personal data will not be disclosed.
A cookie is a small file that a site sends to the browser and which is saved on the device of the user visiting a web site. Cookies are used to make the site function or to enhance performance, or to provide information to site owners.
What kind of cookies does sportful.com use, and for what purpose?
The Site uses various kinds of cookies and similar tools, each of which has a specific function, as indicated in the table below:
TYPES OF COOKIES AND FUNCTIONS
Navigation Cookies: this type of cookie enables the Site to function correctly and enables users to view content in their own language and tailored for their market from the first access. They also enable an account to be created, and allow users to log in and manage purchase orders on the Site. The cookies mean that the Site can recognise each registered user as such when accessing the services that are offered. In general terms, navigation cookies are necessary for the functioning of the Site.
Functional Cookies: these cookies enable the Site to recognise a user based on their request (which may, for example, be expressed by clicking on "Stay connected") whenever they access the Site, so that they do not have to re-enter their data each time they visit the Site. If a user has added items to their “Shopping basket” and closed their session without completing the purchase, this type of cookie enables the user to continue shopping when re-accessing the Site within a given period, and to find the Shopping basket as they had left it the last time. These kinds of cookie are not essential for the functioning of the Site, but enhance the quality of the browsing experience.
Analytical cookies: these cookies are used by third parties, such as Google Analytics, to create statistical analyses of users’ browsing practices on the site, via computers or mobile applications, of the number of pages visited or the number of clicks made on a page during browsing on a site. The Data controller treats the results of such analyses anonymously and solely for statistical purposes and only when the service provider users cookies in connection with the browser installed on the computer or on other devices used by the user to navigate on the Site.
Third party cookies for marketing/re-targeting: this kind of cookie is used by trusted third party companies enabling banner advertisements on other affiliated sites, for example showing the user the latest products that that they saw on the Site. While the user is browsing on the Site, these cookies are also used to display products that might be of interest to such a user, or products similar to those that they had previously viewed, based on the user’s browsing history. The use of such cookies does not normally entail the processing of personal data; however, it may enable the connection of the computer to other devices used by the user and the tracing of saved data (this kind of cookie connects to the browser installed on the computer or on other devices used by the user during navigation on the Site).
A detailed list of the main types of cookie used by the Site or by third parties in connection with access and browsing on the Site:
dwsid (replaces sid)
Session cookie
dwsecuretoken_XXXXX
https session cookie
Links are provided below to web pages containing information and forms for the acquisition of consent to third-party cookies:
Google Analytics: https://tools.google.com/dlpage/gaoptout?hl=en-GB
How to disable cookies
The main browsers on the market (Internet Explorer, Firefox, etc.) are configured to accept cookies. Nonetheless, the majority of browsers also allow you to control and disable cookies via the browser settings. Disabling navigation or functional cookies may cause the Site to malfunction and/or restrict the services offered there. These are the links to the main browsers:
Google Analytics cookies of my visits
For further information you can also visit: http://www.allaboutcookies.org or www.youronlinechoices.com.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1547
|
__label__wiki
| 0.650213
| 0.650213
|
News and Insights ›
Changing Faces of Greater Boston: A Symposium
Click above to watch the video of the Changing Faces for Greater Boston symposium
Intentionality.
That may be a surprising theme to emerge from a rich and multilayered conversation about changing demographics in Greater Boston. It’s easy to think that population change just happens to a region. As became clear in two panel discussions on May 8 at the Boston Foundation, however, such change is the product of intent, and with intention we can counter the disparities and challenges that come with it.
Authors of each chapter of the just-released report, Changing Faces of Greater Boston, made mini presentations on their findings. The report is unique in bringing together Boston Indicators, the Boston Foundation, the Donahue Institute at UMass Boston and four distinct ethnic institutes—all housed at UMass Boston—representing deep study in African American, Asian American, Latino and Native American people and issues. The report includes an overview of the Greater Boston region; chapters on each population subgroup, including case studies of towns or neighborhoods with noteworthy recent changes for each; plus a look at two locations where overall diversity has flourished.
Each group and location has its particular phenomena and challenges, but given that the population in every one of Greater Boston’s 147 cities and towns in five counties saw an increase in its share of people of color since 1990, and that nearly all of the region’s growth in that time span has come from immigration, there are several key commonalities. One is that along with growing numbers comes growing intragroup diversity, and a great deal of crossover. The high-tech Ph.D. from India and the Cambodian day laborer both fall into the Asian American group, for example. Non–Spanish speaking indigenous people from Guatemala’s highlands are geographically Latino, but may have more in common with our region’s Native American people.
Other commonalities include the fact that housing costs and availability drive residential patterns; that socioeconomic and educational segregation remains, despite strides; and that diversity in political, business and civic representation lags diversity in the population.
And that brings us back to intentionality. As Institute for New England Native American Studies Director J. Cedric Woods pointed out, policy is behind today’s demographic status for everyone. In the case of Native Americans, that includes a 1675 law that intentionally prevented indigenous people from living in Boston—and remained on the books until 2004. Combined with other policy decisions, such as not allowing multiple answers to the race/ethnicity question in the census, this has led intentionally to undercounting Native Americans and others of mixed heritage.
Intentionality has led to segregation and disempowerment of people in the minority. As an example, said Paul Watanabe, Director of the Institute for Asian American Studies at UMass Boston, look at the Census. “Two big changes to the 2020 Census were tested and likely to happen until the [presidential] administration changed.” These were removing the binary Latino/Non-Latino choice as separate from racial identity, and adding a new Middle Eastern/North African choice. “They dropped those and added the citizenship question. That was political, pure and simple. It will depress the count from populations of color and I think that’s its intent.”
Segregation and disempowerment must be countered with intentionality, said Cambridge Mayor Marc McGovern during the second panel discussion on the report. In office less than two years, he has pushed his constituents to “be intentional about what we say we are in the ‘People’s Republic of Cambridge.’ It’s easy to be a good progressive until someone wants to put affordable housing on your street.” Cambridge has been a racially diverse city for some time, but in terms of political representation, who attends the meetings to make decisions? People privileged with time, money, information and the confidence that their opinion matters—often older, wealthy, white homeowners. This dynamic played out in nearly all of the increasingly diverse neighborhoods examined in the report. “The socioeconomic divide has grown,” said McGovern. “How can we be intentional about addressing issues of equity?”
Gastón Institute Director Lorna Rivera’s remark about the importance of this joint research project actually spoke to that question as well: “Often our communities are pitted against each other; having solidarity across our communities is more important than ever. This is such a dangerous political climate. In Boston we tend to think just in terms of black and white, so the invisibility of other groups—like Latinos, who can be both black and white—[…calls us to] go deeper to look across power and privilege and oppression that we all face. We need to work more closely together than ever before.”
Watanabe could have been speaking of any of these demographic groups when he described the stunningly diverse set of immigrants and citizens making up the Asian American community, “striving to be equals in a nation whose greatness has yet to be attained.”
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1551
|
__label__wiki
| 0.794451
| 0.794451
|
There's a multiverse?
Spider-Man: Far From Home trailer has some major Endgame spoilers
The latest trailer opens up a host of new possibilities for the Marvel Cinematic Universe.
Brandon Russell
Sony on Monday released a new trailer for Spider-Man: Far From Home, and it's not at all what we expected based on the movie's first teaser.
With Marvel's Avengers: Endgame spoiler ban now lifted, Spider-Man: Far From Home shows how Peter Parker will deal with the death of Tony Stark (aka Iron Man), and what that means for his future as a superhero.
Not only that, but it shows how Peter will emotionally deal with Tony's death, who was less of a mentor and more of a father figure.
Everything you need to know about Avengers: Endgame
As interesting as that storyline will be, the more intriguing bit deals with Mysterio (aka Quinten Beck), who Nick Fury reveals is from a different universe. It would seem that the Infinity Stone antics in Avengers: Endgame opened up a multiverse. Or maybe it was there all along, who knows.
"Beck is from Earth, just not ours," Fury says. "The Snap tore a hole in our dimension."
We still don't know if we fully trust Mysterio given his comic lineage, but we'll give him the benefit of the doubt for now. Let's just take a second to admire how cool he looks on the big screen, fishbowl helmet and all.
There's plenty to digest in the newest trailer, so check it out. Spider-Man: Far From Home hits theaters on July 2, 2019.
Where to buy Spider-Man: Far From Home tickets
Everything you need to know about Spider-Man: Far From Home
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1553
|
__label__wiki
| 0.779488
| 0.779488
|
Report: The top tech trends impacting the enterprise
By Conner Forrest in Security on October 13, 2015, 5:00 AM PST
A recent Deloitte survey found that security, cloud, and analytics are growing in importance among mid-market businesses. Here are some of the highlights from the report.
Image: iStockphoto/Cio18
Technology continues to level the playing field for businesses of all sizes. Tools that were once only in use at the largest corporations are now available as services to SMBs. Despite the increased availability of these tools, though, there are still a host of challenges and considerations facing mid-market businesses.
A recent report from professional services firm Deloitte titled Disruption in the mid-market: How technology is fueling growth took a look at the top IT issues affecting mid-market businesses. Of the 500 survey respondents, half were C-suite executives, while the remaining half were in management. About 75% of the companies represented were private, while the remaining 25% were public.
To start, let's take a look at how the respondents said their companies view technology overall. Almost half of the respondents (48%) said that technology was a critical differentiator and key to growth. About 36% said it played a strategic role as more of an investment and less of an expense. Of the remainder, 15.2% said it was necessary and 1.2% said it was not critical.
Compared to last year, 67% said that their spending on technology was higher in 2015, with the top challenges listed as keeping up with new technology and budgeting to implement new technology. It's clear that business strategy is deeply linked to technology.
"In fact, the very future of many businesses are inextricably linked to harnessing emerging technologies and disrupting portions of their existing business and operating models," said Stephen Keathley, National Technology Leader of Deloitte Growth Enterprise Services.
So, where's all that money going?
When asked what trends affected their companies over the past year, respondents listed information security, analytics, and cloud infrastructure. Looking ahead at the trends that will affect them in the coming year, the top two remained the same while cloud applications replaced cloud infrastructure in third place.
The report has quite a bit more information, but let's take a look at these top three trends, starting with security.
Information security took the top spot as both the most important trend over the past year and the most important trend projected for the coming year with 17.2% and 17.4% responses respectively.
The top security and privacy risks listed by respondents were as follows:
Phishing and targeted attacks - 60.1%
Integration with external systems - 52.5%
Migration to the cloud - 47.5%
Internal access controls - 46.2%
Mobility - 38.6%
"Even as cybersecurity continues to be a top concern, most mid-market executives admit being ill-prepared for a security breach," Keathley said.
Only about half of those surveyed said they had "the most up to date and robust security measures in place."
Still, roughly 32% said they acknowledge how important it was, but didn't have the right infrastructure or resources. Additionally, 11.2% said it was difficult to keep up with evolving security threats and the remainder said that there wasn't enough preparation or awareness, or it wasn't a priority.
Even though many felt they don't have the right resources, a majority of the respondents at least had plans in place for responding major security threats (respondents could select multiple answers).
We have a plan in place to manage external information security threats - 66.6%
We have a plan in place to manage internal informational security threats - 60.8%
We have governance structures and procedures in place concerning information security threats - 47.4%
We encrypt sensitive information - 44.0%
We offer education and training on information security matters - 29.6%
Don't know/Not sure - 4.0%
The recent rise of big data saw an almost paralleled rise in analytics tools and services. More than 80% of the respondents in this Deloitte survey said their company was using analytics.
While 80% of respondents were using analytics, only 10% had deployed analytics throughout the organization. Most respondents were piloting analytics or in the early stages of using the tools. The biggest hurdles for these deployments all had to do with data collection and standardization — not a huge surprise.
Of the 13.2% that said their company wasn't using analytics, the top two reasons given were "Our company is not at the scale or maturity level where we can benefit from analytics" and "Not sure where to begin to capture the most value."
Here's how respondents broke down the business needs in regard to analytics:
Influencing business strategy and operational priorities - 34.4%
Providing metrics, information and tools needed for sound business decisions - 34.0%
Forecasting and reporting business results - 20.6%
Predictive client, customer, or business behavior analysis - 8.4%
The remainder was listed as "Other" or "Don't know"
Analytics come in many different forms. Roughly half of the respondents said they were using basic reporting analytics, predictive modeling, and implementing integrated enterprise analytics solutions. About 30% mentioned using outsourced or subscription-based analytics tools.
One of the reigning IT trends of the time, it would have been surprising to not see the cloud make it into the top three tech issues for businesses. Of those surveyed, almost 86% were at least experimenting with the cloud, while 11.6% were investigating, and the remainder hadn't taken any action.
How quickly the companies adopted cloud technologies was a different story. Privacy and security were listed as the top aspects that dictated the pace of cloud deployment, and getting the cloud to work with existing products and services was a close second. The greatest challenge to cloud deployments, as selected by 35.3% of respondents, was "ensuring data integrity and reliability."
Survey respondents were then asked to list what processes in their organization were already cloud-based and which ones they were considering moving to the cloud or in the process of doing so. Here are the top five business functions already being in the cloud.
Financials and accounting - 37.8%
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) - 33.8%
Sales Force Automation (SFA) - 31.9%
Data warehouse/analytics - 29.5%
Supply Chain Management (SCM) - 27.0%
How to hack-proof your cloud with native AWS tools
The dark side of wearables: How they're secretly jeopardizing your security and privacy
Supermassive black hole: A new way to secure mobile devices
'Going virtual' may double your security costs
By Conner Forrest
Conner Forrest is an analyst for 451 Research. He was formerly a Senior Editor for TechRepublic.
| Disclosure
| See all content by Conner
Conner Forrest has nothing to disclose. He doesn't hold investments in the technology companies he covers.
Security Cloud Software CXO Hardware Mobility Data Centers Security on ZDNet
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1556
|
__label__cc
| 0.631285
| 0.368715
|
Luke 3 Commentary
Luke 3 Resources
NOTE: This Verse by Verse Commentary page is part of an ongoing project to add notes to each verse of the Bible. Therefore many verses do not yet have notes, but if the Lord tarries and gives me breath, additions will follow in the future. The goal is to edify and equip you for the work of service (Eph 4:12-13-note) that the Lord God might be glorified in your life and in His Church. Amen (Isa 61:3b-note, Mt 5:16-note)
From Jensen's Survey of the NT by permission
John MacArthur's Introduction to the Gospel of Luke
Charles Swindoll's Introduction to Luke
Luke Overview Chart - Charles Swindoll
NIV Study Bible Introduction to Luke
Book Overview - Luke - H A Ironside
Luke 3:1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod was tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene,
Tiberius Caesar: Lu 2:1
Pontius Pilate: Lu 23:1-4,24 Ge 49:10 Ac 4:27 23:26 24:27 26:30
Herod: Lu 3:19 9:7 23:6-11
his: Mt 14:3 Mk 6:17
Luke 3 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries
Luke 3:1-6 Good News for Bad Times - Steven Cole
Luke 3:1 Setting the Stage for Jesus, Part 1 - John MacArthur
See Map of Roman Empire in 117 AD
Map of Roman Empire under Augustus
Map of Kingdom of Herod the Great
Darrell Bock's Outline of Luke 3:1-6
a. Historical setting of John’s ministry (Lk 3:1–2a)
b. John’s preaching a baptism of repentance (Lk 3:2b–3)
c. Isaiah’s promise of a preparer for salvation (Lk 3:4–6)
John Hannah's Bible Outline of Luke 3
The preparation of the Son of Man (Luke 3:1-4:13)
The forerunner of the Son of Man (Luke 3:1-20)
The time of John's ministry (Luke 3:1-2)
The content of John's ministry (Luke 3:3-17)
The emergence of John (Luke 3:3-6)
The message of John (Luke 3:7-17)
Concerning wrath (Luke 3:7-14)
Concerning Christ (Luke 3:15-17)
The rejection of John (Luke 3:18-20)
The baptism of the Son of Man (Luke 3:21-22)
The submission of the Son (Luke 3:21)
The anointing of the Spirit and authentication of the Father (Luke 3:22)
The genealogy of the Son of Man (Luke 3:23-38)
Darrell Bock - Luke 3:1–20 contains much uniquely Lucan material. Only Luke details the content of John the Baptist’s teaching (Luke 3:10–14). Only Luke cites Isa. 40:4–5 (Luke 3:4–6). The lengthened citation (Matthew and Mark cite only Isa. 40:3) means that Jesus’ coming offers the opportunity of salvation for all. Only Luke mentions the imprisonment of John so early in the account (Luke 3:19–20). But there are also traditional materials that have clear parallels elsewhere. The warning about judgment to the Jewish leaders has a clear parallel (Luke 3:7–9; Matt. 3:7–10). The promise of the Mightier One to come has conceptual parallels (Luke 3:15–17; Matt. 3:11–12; Mark 1:7–8). Both old and fresh material describe John’s ministry of preparation....This pericope (Lk 3:1-6) has a twofold purpose: to place Jesus’ ministry in the midst of world history (Lk 3:1–2a) and to set the ministry of John the Baptist in the midst of OT hope (Lk 3:4–6). The word of God comes to John in the wilderness as his ministry renews God’s direct activity for people (Lk 3:2b–3). By beginning in the wilderness, the account picks up where the infancy section left off with John (Lk 1:80). (Baker Exegetical Commentary)
Henry Burton eloquently introduces Luke 3 with these comments...
WHEN the Old Testament closed, prophecy had thrown upon the screen of the future the shadows of two persons, cast in heavenly light. Sketched in outline rather than in detail, still their personalities were sufficiently distinct to attract the gaze and hopes of the intervening centuries; while their differing, though related missions were clearly recognized. One was the Coming ONE, who should bring the "consolation" of Israel (Luke 2:25-note), and who should Himself be that Consolation; and gathering into one august title all such glittering epithets as Star (Nu 24:17), Shiloh (Ge 49:10-note), and Emmanuel (Isaiah 7:14-note), prophecy reverently saluted Him as "the Lord," paying Him prospective homage and adoration. The other was to be the herald of another Dispensation, proclaiming the new King, running before the royal chariot, even as Elijah ran from Ahab to the ivory palace at Jezreel, his Voice then dying away in silence, as he himself passes out of sight behind the throne. Such were the two figures that prophecy, in a series of dissolving views, had thrown forward from the Old into the New Testament; and such was the signal honor accorded to the Baptist, that while many of the Old Testament characters appear as reflections in the New, his is the only human shadow thrown back from the New into the Old. (Expositor's Bible Commentary)
For background let's review Luke's mention of the Roman ruler in chapter 2
Luke 2:1-note Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus, that a census be taken of all the inhabited earth.
COMMENT: Caesar Augustus (Caius Octavius, grand-nephew, adopted son, and primary heir to Julius Caesar who died in 44 BC) was the founder of the Roman Principate and considered the first Roman emperor. Before and after Julius’ death in 44 B.C., the Roman government was constantly torn by power struggles. Octavius (Caesar Augustus) ascended to undisputed supremacy in 31 B.C. by defeating his last remaining rival, Antony, in a military battle at Actium. In 29 B.C., the Roman senate declared Octavius (Caesar Augustus) Rome’s first emperor. Two years later (27 B C) they honored him with the title “Augustus” (“exalted one”—a term signifying religious veneration). Rome’s republican government was effectively abolished, and Augustus (Caesar Augustus) was given supreme military power. Caesar Augustus reigned over the Roman Empire from 27 BC until his death at age 76 in AD 14. He was succeeded by Tiberius Caesar who his adopted son (Lk 2:1) and he reigned from A.D. 14-37.
Under the rule of Caesar Augustus, the Roman Empire dominated the Mediterranean region (see map of Roman domination under Caesar Augustus), ushering in a period of great prosperity and relative peace (the Pax Romana). Caesar Augustus ordered a census of “all the inhabited earth” (Lk 2:1-note), that is the world of the Roman Empire. This census decree actually established a cycle of enrollments that were to occur every 14 years. Palestine had previously been excluded from the Roman census, because Jews were exempt from serving in the Roman army, and the census was designed primarily to register young men for military service (as well as account for all Roman citizens). This new, universal census was ostensibly to number each nation by family and tribe (hence Joseph, a Judean, had to return to his ancestral home to register—see Lk 2:3-note). Property and income values were not recorded in this registration, but later the statistics gathered in this census were used for levying poll taxes (Mt 22:17 - the annual fee of one denarius per person). The Jews came to regard the census itself as a distasteful symbol of Roman oppression because the funds were used to finance the occupying armies. However the poll tax was the most hated of all because it suggested that Rome owned even the people, while they viewed themselves and their nation as possessions of God. Another reason the Jews may have hated this tax was because of what the coin itself symbolized to the Romans. On one side of the silver denarius was a profile of Tiberius Caesar, with the Latin inscription “Tiberius Caesar, son of the divine Augustus” around the coin’s perimeter. On the opposite side was a picture of the Roman goddess of peace, Pax, with the Latin inscription “High Priest.”
John MacArthur explains why the specific year signified by the fifteenth year is difficult to pin down with absolute certainty - Because of the way Tiberius Caesar came to power, this date is hard to fix precisely. When the Roman Senate declared Augustus emperor (see Lk 2:1), they did so on condition that his power would end with his death, rather than passing to his heirs. The idea was that the senate, rather than the emperor himself, was to choose the heir to the throne. However, Augustus circumvented that difficulty by appointing a co-regent, on whom he planned gradually to confer the imperial powers. When he outlived his first choice for successor, Augustus next selected his son-in-law, Tiberius, whom he adopted and made his heir in A.D. 4 (Augustus disliked Tiberius but hoped to pass power to his grandsons through him). Tiberius was made co-regent in A.D. 11, then automatically became sole ruler at the death of Augustus on Aug. 19, A.D. 14. If Luke’s chronology is dated from Tiberius’ appointment to the co-regency, the 15th year would be A.D. 25 or 26. If Luke was reckoning from the death of Augustus, this date would fall between Aug. 19, A.D. 28 and Aug. 18, A.D. 29. One other fact complicates the setting of a precise date: the Jews reckoned a ruler’s term from the Jewish New Year following accession, so if Luke was using the Jewish system, the actual dates could be slightly later. The earlier date of A.D. 25–26 seems to fit the chronology of Christ’s life best.
Criswell - "Fifteenth year" is interpreted in three different ways: (1) from the date of the emperor's accession, which for Tiberius would run from August 19, A.D. 28, to August 18, A.D. 29; (2) from Tiberius' being made co-emperor with Augustus in A.D. 11, which would make it A.D. 25-26; or (3) by the Jewish system, which had two New Years: the sacred on 1 Nisan and the civil six months later, on 1 Tishri. Reigns were calculated from the New Year preceding accession, which would make the fifteenth year begin on 1 Tishri, A.D. 27. Thus, the reckoning refers to a time between A.D. 27 and 29. These initial verses provided precise chronological reckoning worthy of the most eminent historians.
Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar - Tiberius Caesar (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus) was a Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD.
ESV Study Bible note - Luke’s precision in naming five Roman officials with their specific titles shows concern for detailed historical accuracy, and his accuracy is confirmed by historical records outside of the Bible. (Ed: Contrast Matthew's vague description "now in those days" Mt 3:1).
When Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea - Governor could be used to describe a procurator or prefect, of which Pilate was the latter, as a famous inscription discovered at Caesarea in 1961 reveals. We encounter Pilate again in Lk 13:1; 23:1–56. Pilate ruled Judea from A.D. 26–36. And so we see Luke begins with the highest ruler, the emperor of Rome and progress to the highest ranking local Roman authority, Pontius Pilate who had been appointed the fifth governor or prefect of Judaea in AD 26. The rule of Pontius Pilate is described by the Jewish historian Josephus (see Josephus - Antiquities of the Jews - Book XVIII - Chapter III and Chapter IV).
Pontius Pilate (SEE PICTURE OF JESUS BEFORE PILATE AND THE JEWS) (Pontius Pīlātus, Greek: Πόντιος Πιλάτος, Pontios Pilatos) was the fifth prefect of the Roman province of Judaea from AD 26–36. He served under Emperor Tiberius, and is best known today for the trial and crucifixion of Jesus.
Click for article on Pontius Pilate in Holman Bible Dictionary
Wikipedia excerpt on Pontius Pilate - The sources for Pilate's life are an inscription known as the Pilate Stone (SEE PICTURE OF THIS GREAT ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERY IN 1961 MUSEUM PICTURE), which confirms his historicity and establishes his title as prefect; a brief mention by Tacitus; Philo of Alexandria; Josephus; the four canonical gospels; the Acts of the Apostles; the First Epistle to Timothy; the Gospel of Nicodemus; the Gospel of Marcion; and other apocryphal works. Based on these sources, it appears that Pilate was an equestrian of the Pontii family, and succeeded Valerius Gratus as prefect of Judaea in AD 26. Once in his post he offended the religious sensibilities of his subjects, leading to harsh criticism from Philo, and many decades later, Josephus. According to Josephus circa AD 93, Pilate was deposed and sent to Rome by Lucius Vitellius after harshly suppressing a Samaritan uprising, arriving just after the death of Tiberius which occurred on 16 March in AD 37. Pilate was replaced by Marcellus.
John MacArthur has an interesting note on the man Pontius Pilate - As governor, Pilate displayed insensitivity and brutality (cf. Luke 13:1). Reversing the policy of the earlier governors, Pilate marched his troops into Jerusalem carrying standards bearing images that the Jews viewed as idolatrous. Outraged, many protested heatedly against what they saw as a sacrilege. Pilate ignored their protests and ordered them, on pain of death, to stop bothering him. But they called his bluff and dared him to carry out his threat. Unwilling to massacre so many people, Pilate removed the offending standards. The story reveals his poor judgment, stubbornness, arrogance, and vacillating weakness. Pilate also enraged the Jews when he took money from the temple treasury to build an aqueduct to bring water to Jerusalem. In the ensuing riots, his soldiers beat and slaughtered many of the protesters. Ironically, the incident that finally triggered Pilate’s removal from office involved not the Jews, but their hated rivals the Samaritans. A group of them decided to climb Mount Gerizim in search of golden objects Moses had supposedly hidden on its summit. Mistakenly thinking the Samaritans were insurrectionists, Pilate ordered his troops to attack them, and many were killed. The Samaritans complained about Pilate’s brutality to his immediate superior, the governor of Syria. He removed Pilate from office and ordered him to Rome to be judged by Tiberius, but Tiberius died before Pilate reached Rome. At that point, Pilate disappeared from history. Some accounts claim that he was banished, others that he was executed, still others that he committed suicide. (Luke Commentary)
Herod the tetrarch of Galilee (Mt 14:1, Lk 3:19, 9:7, Acts 13:1, aka "Herod Antipas," "King Herod" - Mk 6:14 but not officially a king) - Picture of Herod, Map of Territory Ruled Map of Division of Herod the Great's Lands - Herod Antipas, son of Herod the Great. Herod Antipas was step-brother of Philip the tetrarch, who was also a son of Herod the Great. He ruled from 4 B.C.–A.D. 39, sharing the rule of his father’s realm with his two brothers (purple regions in map). One brother, Archelaus (Mt 2:22 "But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there. Then after being warned by God in a dream, he left for the regions of Galilee,") was banished in A.D. 6 and died in A.D. 18; the other brother, Herod Philip died in A.D. 34.
Herod the tetrarch of Galilee is the Herod referred to in the Gospel accounts describing Jesus’ ministry. It was this Herod (Antipas) who imprisoned John the Baptist (Luke 3:20) and later had him executed (Luke 9:9). Herod Antipas also had a hand in the unjust trial of Jesus
And when he (Pilate) learned that He (Jesus) belonged to Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, who himself also was in Jerusalem at that time. 8 Now Herod was very glad when he saw Jesus; for he had wanted to see Him for a long time, because he had been hearing about Him and was hoping to see some sign performed by Him. 9 And he questioned Him at some length; but He answered him nothing. 10 And the chief priests and the scribes were standing there, accusing Him vehemently. 11 And Herod with his soldiers, after treating Him with contempt and mocking Him, dressed Him in a gorgeous robe and sent Him back to Pilate. 12 Now Herod and Pilate became friends with one another that very day; for before they had been enemies with each other. (Luke 23:7-12).
Wikipedia - Herod Antipater (Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπατρος, Hērǭdēs Antipatros; born before 20 BC – died after 39 AD), known by the nickname Antipas, was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea (from 4 BC to AD 39), who bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" (Mark 6:14) in the New Testament although he never held the title of king. He is best known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth.
Resources on Herod Antipas -
American Tract Society Antipas
Easton's Bible Dictionary Antipas Herod Antipas
Fausset Bible Dictionary Antipas
Holman Bible Dictionary Antipas
Hitchcock Bible Names Antipas
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible Antipas
Hastings' Dictionary of the NT Antipas Antipas (2) Antipas
Related Resources on Herodians in general -
Who were the Herodians?
Who are the various Herods mentioned in the Bible?
Tetrarch -(5075)(tetraarcheo from tetra = four + archo = to rule) means a leader of four and so the ruler of a fourth part of a district or province. Later tetrarch became a common title among the Romans for those who governed any part of a province or kingdom subject only to the Roman Emperor. A tetrarch was a sovereign ruler over a specific domain with not as much dominion, rank or authority as a king and they ruled only with the approval of the Roman authorities. A tetrarch was roughly equivalent to being governor of a region. Several times in the NT, Herod tetrarch of Galilee is called a king (Mt 14:9, Mk 6:14-29), reflecting popular usage. Herod the Great and his brother Phasael were at one time made tetrarchs of Judea by Antony. The former also at his death left half his kingdom to Archaelaus with the title of ethnarch, ruler of the nation. He divided the rest between two of his other sons, Herod Antipas and Philip, with the title of tetrarchs (Josephus Ant. 18.5.1.). Thus Lysanias is said to be tetrarch of Abilene (Luke 3:1). In the NT, spoken only of Herod Antipas (Mt. 14:1; Lk 3:19; 9:7; Acts 13:1). Herod the tetrarch (Herod Antipas) is also called also basileús (935), king (Mt. 14:9; Mark 6:14).
Here is another summary of this somewhat confusing list of rulers -- Upon Herod the Great's death the Romans divided his kingdom among three of his sons and his sister—Archelaus became ethnarch of the tetrarchy of Judea, Herod Antipas became tetrarch of Galilee and Peraea, Philip became tetrarch of territories north and east of the Jordan, and Salome I was given a toparchy including the cities of Jabneh, Ashdod, and Phasaelis.
Tetrarch - Properly governor of the fourth part of a larger province and kingdom, i.e. a tetrarchy. The title "king" is applied by courtesy, not right, to Herod "the tetrarch" (Luke 3:1; Mark 6:14). (See HEROD.) As Archelaus was "ethnarch" over half of Herod the Great's whole kingdom, so Philip and Antipus had divided between them the remaining half, and were each "tetrarch" over the fourth; Herod over Galilee; Philip over Ituraea and Trachonitis; Lysanias over Abilene. Caligula annexed the three tetrarchies to the kingdom of Herod Agrippa I, whom he honoured with the title "king" (Acts 12).
His brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis (orange region on map) - Philip is also known as Herod Philip II and is Herod's brother - for regions over which he ruled see notes below.
Ituraea - Place name meaning, “related to Jetur.” Region over which Herod Philip was governor when John the Baptist began his public ministry (Luke 3:1). It was located northeast of Galilee between the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountains, though its precise boundaries are almost impossible to determine. Racially, the Ituraeans were of Ishmaelite stock; their origin probably should be traced to Jetur the son of Ishmael (Genesis 25:15 ). The earliest extant reference to the Ituraeans as a people dates from the second century B.C. Pompey conquered the territory for Rome about 50 B.C. Ituraea was eventually absorbed into other political districts, losing its distinct identity by the end of the first century A.D. See Herods; Geography. (Holman Bible Dictionary)
Zodhiates' note on Ituraea - Iturea (Luke 3:1), indicating the region northeast of Palestine, beyond the Jordan. The Itureans were descended from Ishmael (Gen. 25:15), who had a son named Jetur from whom the name Iturea is derived. The Itureans were seminomadic people. Until the fourth century A.D., there was no defined territory called Iturea; only the ethnic name Iturean was used.
Trachonitis - Place name meaning “heap of stones.” ("rugged," "rough") A political and geographic district in northern Palestine on the east side of the Jordan River (orange region on map) (Luke 3:1). Its terrain was rugged and best suited to raising sheep and goats. The area was almost totally devoid of timber. During John the Baptist's ministry Trachonitis was ruled by Philip, the brother of Herod Antipas. Known as Bashan in the Old Testament (Amos 4:1), it was just south of Damascus.(Holman Bible Dictionary)
Zodhiates has this note on Trachonitis - One of the five Roman provinces into which the district northeast of the Jordan was divided in NT times. It lay to the east of Ituraea and Gaulonitis and to the south of Damascus. The Emperor Augustus entrusted it to Herod the Great on the condition that he should clear it of robbers. Herod Philip succeeded to the tetrarchy (Luke 3:1). He died in A.D. 33, and the emperor Caligula bestowed the province of Trachonitis upon Herod Agrippa I. Later it was part of the dominions of Herod Agrippa II, A.D. 53.
Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene - not much is know about him - see following notes...
Lysanias - This is the only NT mention and there is not much known about this man in historical records. He is mentioned in Luke 3:1 as tetrarch of Abilene in the 15th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, and thus fixing the date of the preaching of John the Baptist in the wilderness at about 26 or 28 AD. A L ysanias is mentioned by Josephus as having ruled over Chalcis and Abilene, and as having been slain by Mark Antony at the instigation of Cleopatra. As this happened about 36 BC, Luke has been charged with inaccuracy. Inscriptions, however, corroborate the view that the Lysanias of Luke was probably a descendant of the Lysanias mentioned by Josephus (compare Schurer, HJ the Priestly Code (P) , div I, volume II, App. 1, p. 338). (ISBE)
Abilene - Small mountainous region ruled by the tetrarch Lysanias at the time John the Baptist began his public ministry (Luke 3:7). Abilene is mentioned in Luke 3:1 as the district of which Lysanias was tetrarch in the 15th year of Tiberius. It was called after its capital Abila, situated on the Barada, about 18 miles from Damascus, and represented by the modern village of Suk. The identity of Suk with Abila is confirmed by a Roman rock-inscription to the west of the town. According to popular tradition, the name Abila is derived from Abel, who was buried by Cain in a tomb which is still pointed out in the neighbourhood. Little is known of the history of Abilene at the time referred to by St. Luke; but when Tiberius died in a.d. 37, some ten years later, the tetrarchy of Lysanias was bestowed by Caligula on Herod Agrippa I. (Josephus Ant. xviii. vi. 10), and this grant was confirmed in a.d. 41 by Claudius (xix. v. 1; BJ ii. xi. 5). On the death of Herod Agrippa I. (a.d. 44) his dominions passed into the charge of Roman procurators (Ant. xix. ix. 2; BJ ii. xi. 6), but in a.d. 53 some parts of them, including Abilene, were granted by Claudius to Herod Agrippa II. (Ant. xx. vii. 1; BJ ii. xii. 8), and remained in his possession till his death in a.d. 100. (See Hastings Dictionary)
J C Ryle comments on the list of evil men mentioned in Luke's introduction -
Let us notice first, in this passage, the wickedness of the times when Christ's Gospel was brought into the world. The opening verses of the chapter tell us the names of some who were rulers and governors in the earth, when the ministry of John the Baptist began. It is a melancholy list, and full of instruction. There is hardly a name in it which is not infamous for wickedness. Tiberius, and Pontius Pilate, and Herod, and his brother, and Annas, and Caiaphas, were men of whom we know little or nothing but evil. The earth seemed given into the hands of the wicked. (Job 9:24.) When such were the rulers, what must the people have been? Such was the state of things when Christ's forerunner was commissioned to begin preaching. Such were the times when the first foundation of Christ's church was brought out and laid. We may truly say, that God's ways are not our ways.
Let us learn never to despair about the cause of God's truth, however black and unfavorable its prospects may appear. At the very time when things seem hopeless, God may be preparing a mighty deliverance. At the very season when Satan's kingdom seems to be triumphing, the "little stone, cut without hands," may be on the point of crushing it to pieces. The darkest hour of the night is often that which just precedes the day.
Let us beware of slacking our hands from any work of God, because of the wickedness of the times, or the number and power of our adversaries. "He that observes the wind shall not sow, and he that regards the clouds shall not reap." (Eccl. 11:4.) Let us work on, and believe that help will come from heaven, when it is most needed. In the very hour when a Roman emperor, and ignorant priests, seemed to have everything at their feet, the Lamb of God was about to come forth from Nazareth, and set up the beginnings of His kingdom. What He has done once, He can do again. In a moment He can turn His church's midnight into the blaze of noon day. (Luke 3 Commentary)
Summary of the Herodian family in NT history: See Family Tree at bottom of this page
In addition to the father, Herod the Great, and his son and successor, Archelaus (see green regions in this map)(Mt 2:1), three other sons are named in the N.T. One daughter is not named in Scripture (Salome I). Note that Archelaus proved to be such an inept and brutal ruler that he was deposed in A.D. 6 and his territory (Judea, Samaria, and Idumea) was placed under the rule of Roman governors (Pilate was the fifth of those governors).
(1) Herod Antipas (Mk 6:14ff, Mt 14:1, Lu 3:1), tetrarch of Galilee and Perea (see purple regions in this map) (4 B.C. until banished, A.D. 39).
(2) Herod Philip (Boethos), (mentioned Mk 6:14 as Philip Mk 6:17, Mt 14:3, Lu 3:19). (Note that this is NOT the same Philip mentioned in Luke 3:1)
(3) Another Herod Philip II (mentioned only in Lu 3:1), tetrarch of territory east of Jordan (see orange regions in this map)(4 B.C.-A.D. 33).
(4) Herod the Great's daughter Salome I (ruled over the small territory in grey)
Two children of another son of Herod the Great, Aristobulus (a son not included in the N.T.), are also named:
(1). Herodias (mentioned Mk 6:17ff, Mt 14:3)
(2). Herod Agrippa I (Acts 12:1,6,18-24).
Others of the Herodian family named in the N.T. are three children of Herod Agrippa I:
(1) Herod Agrippa II (Acts 25:13ff Acts 26:1,2,27-32)
(2) Drusilla (picture of Paul before Drusilla and Felix) (Acts 24:24)
(3) Bernice (Acts 25:13, 26:30).
Thus it will be observed that two or more names of each of three successive generations after Herod the Great are mentioned in the N.T.
Luke 3:2 in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the Word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness
Annas: Joh 11:49-51 18:13,14,24 Ac 4:6
The word: Lu 1:59-63 Jer 1:2 2:1 Eze 1:3 Ho 1:1,2 Jon 1:1 Mic 1:1 Zep 1:1
In: Lu 1:80 Isa 40:3 Mt 3:1 11:7 Mk 1:3 Joh 1:23
Luke 3:2-3 Setting the Stage for Jesus, Part 2 - John MacArthur
Map of John the Baptist
A WORD FROM GOD
This is what the world needs! This is what America needs! This is what we all need daily! A Word from God!
Warren Wiersbe outlines the ministry of John the Baptist
Luke 3:1-2 When he came
Luke 3:3 How he came
Luke 3:4-20 Why he came
In the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas - While Caiaphas (18-36 AD) was the ruling high priest at the beginning of John the Baptist's ministry, his predecessor Annas (6-16 AD) still exerted considerable influence as we see from passages like John 18:13; Acts 4:6.
NET Note - Use of the singular high priesthood to mention two figures is unusual but accurate, since Annas was the key priest from A.D. 6–15 and then his relatives were chosen for many of the next several years. After two brief tenures by others, his son-in-law Caiaphas came to power and stayed there until A.D. 36
Annas (452) son of Seth, was a priest at the time John the Baptist began his public preaching (Luke 3:2). Annas (derived from Hebrew Chananyah from chanan = show favor, be gracious) means merciful or gracious! He was appointed to the high priesthood about A.D. 6 by Quirinius, governor of Syria. Though he was deposed in A.D. 15 by Gratus, he continued to exercise considerable influence. When Jesus was arrested, He was taken for His first mock trial before Annas (John 18:13). After Pentecost, Annas led other priests in questioning Peter and the other church leaders (Acts 4:6). Annas is used 4x in the NT - Lk. 3:2; Jn. 18:13; Jn. 18:24; Acts 4:6.
Caiaphas (2533)(Kaiaphas) - His name means “rock” or “depression.” The high priest at the time of Jesus' crucifixion (Matthew 26:3). He was the son-in-law of Annas and a leader in the plot to have Jesus arrested and executed. Little is known about Caiaphas beyond what can be learned from the New Testament. Evidently he was appointed high priest about A.D. 18 and removed from office about A.D. 36 or 37. His name is found 9x in the NT - Mt 26:3,57; Lk 3:2; Jn 11:49; 18:13-14,24,28; Acts 4:6. He sat as high priest over the second illegal night trial of Jesus and then over the "trial" of Peter and John in Acts, this event marking the beginning of the persecution of the Body of Christ.
American Tract Society Caiaphas
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary Caiaphas
Easton's Bible Dictionary Caiaphas
Holman Bible Dictionary Caiaphas
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible Caiaphas
Hastings' Dictionary of the NT Caiaphas Caiaphas (2)
Watson's Theological Dictionary Caiaphas
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Caiaphas
Kitto Biblical Cyclopedia Caiaphas
McClintock and Strong's Bible Encyclopedia Caiaphas
The Nuttall Encyclopedia Caiaphas
The Jewish Encyclopedia Caiaphas
The Word of God came to John - More literally the Greek reads the word of God came upon John! G. Campbell Morgan observes, “The force of the preposition (upon, Greek epi) is that of pressure from above. The word of the Lord came upon him, pressed down upon him from above. Here is the qualification for preaching. The message of God comes upon a man”
Steven Cole adds "I agree with Morgan and other commentators that a man needs a special call from God to preach His Word. It need not be mystical or miraculous, but he needs a strong inner sense that God has called him to the work. Otherwise, when tough times of discouragement or opposition come, as they surely will if a man preaches the truth, he will not stay in the battle. A man who preaches God’s Word must always remember that it is not his own word or ideas that he proclaims, but God’s Word. Sometimes, as we will see in a moment, God’s Word is not warm, fuzzy and popular. If a preacher becomes a man-pleaser, he ceases to please God (Gal. 1:10). Instead of proclaiming God’s Word, he becomes a politician trying to keep his popularity ratings high. During the Gulf War, a man wrote to his senator urging him to support the ejection of Iraq from Kuwait. He received two separate replies from the senator’s office. The first letter agreed with him and stated the senator’s strong support for President Bush’s response to the crisis. The second letter, sent by mistake, thanked the man for opposing the war and pointed out that the senator had voted against the war resolution! That senator was like another politician who was asked where he stood on an issue. He said, “I have friends who are for it and friends who are against it, and I am with my friends.” In bad times we desperately need an authoritative word from God, proclaimed by His faithful messenger. (Sermon)
God's call to John to begin his prophesied ministry as a prophet proclaiming repentance (Lk 3:3) and to announce as a herald the coming of the Messiah.
Henry Morris on the Word of God came to John - This call to John the Baptist came about sixteen to eighteen years after the events associated with the previous verses (referring to the events in Luke 2 which ended with the boy Jesus "increasing in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and men." Lk 2:52-note). Tiberius had succeeded Augustus as emperor (Luke 3:1) and continued in power through all the rest of the events described in the four gospels. To show that John's ministry was in fulfillment of prophecy, Luke quotes (in Luke 3:4-5) more of Isaiah's prophecy (Isaiah 40:3-4) than any of the other three writers, though all refer to it. John was obviously a preacher with great courage (Luke 3:7-14), no matter who was present.
Regarding a word of God came remember that it has been some 400 years without a Word from God! As Steven Cole says
It had been 400 years (Ed: last was Malachi about 460 B. C.) since there had been a prophet in Israel, calling the people to spiritual renewal and reform. Bad times abound, but times are especially bad when there is no word from the Lord. Those who knew God and waited for the consolation of Israel must have despaired at times. But they knew that what they needed was not better politicians. They needed a word from God. (Good News for Bad Times)
The Word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness - On Zacharias see comments on the birth of John the Baptist beginning in Luke 1:5-note. We see a similar call in the OT prophets such as Jeremiah "to whom the word of the LORD came in the days of Josiah..." (Jer 1:2, cf other calls to prophetic ministry in Ezek 1:3; Hos 1:1; Joel 1:1; Jonah 1:1; Mic 1:1; Zeph 1:1; Hag 1:1). In Luke 1:76 God promised that John would "be called the prophet of the Most High; For you will go on BEFORE THE LORD TO PREPARE HIS WAYS." (Lk 1:76-note).
How many of us, when God speaks,
counter with questions and with whys?
John was a simple man, and yet he took God at His word. Because of his obedience the Lord said of him, “Among those that are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptist” (Luke 7:28).
Stein adds "The similarity in wording to Jer 1:2; Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1; and Hag 1:1 indicates that Luke sought to portray John the Baptist as a God-sent prophet. As one filled with the Spirit from his birth (Luke 1:15-note, Luke 1:44-note), he now fulfilled his role as a prophet (Luke 1:76-note). (Ed: And without doubt was still filled with the Spirit, who repeatedly in Acts is associated with giving the speaker boldness, certainly a characteristic of John's ministry!)
The Synoptists introduce John under 3 different titles, "the son of Zacharias;" Matthew 3:1 "John the Baptist" Mark 1:4ESV, simply "John."
A T Robertson - No other Gospel mentions Zacharias. Mark begins his Gospel here, but Matthew and Luke have two Infancy Chapters before. Luke alone tells of the coming of the word to John. All three Synoptics locate him “in the wilderness” as here, Mt. 3:1 (adding “of Judea” see map).
The Phrase word of God surprisingly appears only 47x in 46v in the Bible
1 Sam. 9:27; 2 Sam. 16:23; 1 Ki. 12:22; 1 Chr. 17:3; Prov. 30:5; Matt. 15:6; Mk. 7:13; Lk. 3:2; 5:1; 8:11,21; 11:28; Jn. 10:35; Acts 4:31; 6:2,7; 8:14; 11:1; 13:5,7,46; 17:13; 18:11; Rom. 9:6; 1 Co. 14:36; 2 Co. 2:17; 4:2; Eph. 6:17; Phil. 1:14; Col. 1:25; 1 Thess. 2:13; 1 Tim. 4:5; 2 Tim. 2:9; Tit. 2:5; Heb. 4:12; 6:5; 11:3; 13:7; 1 Pet. 1:23; 2 Pet. 3:5; 1 Jn. 2:14; Rev. 1:2,9; 6:9; 19:13; 20:4
NET Note adds that "The term translated “word” here is not logos but rhēma, and thus could refer to the call of the Lord to John to begin ministry."
The use of rhema (rather than the more general term logos as in Lk 5:1-note) refers to a specific utterance, emphasizing more the act of speaking, the power of speaking, the act of expressing with one's voice.
Word (4487)(rhema from verb rheo = to speak - to say, speak or utter definite words) refers to the spoken word, especially a word as uttered by a living voice. Laleo is another word translated speak but it refers only to uttering a sound whereas rheo refers to uttering a definite intelligible word. Rhema refers to any sound produced by the voice which has a definite meaning. It focuses upon the content of the communication.
Luke uses rhema more than any of the other synoptic Gospels -
Lk. 1:37-38,65; 2:15,17,19,29,50-51; 3:2; 5:5; 7:1; 9:45; 18:34; 20:26; 22:61; 24:8,11;Acts 2:14; 5:20,32; 6:11,13; 10:22,37,44; 11:14,16; 13:42; 16:38; 26:25; 28:25
Darrell Bock on John the Baptist - External ancient sources testify to the existence of John the Baptist. Josephus makes explicit mention of him (Antiquities 18.5.2 §§116–19 SEE RESOURCE BELOW). As Fitzmyer (1981: 451) notes, there is no contradiction between the portrait of Josephus and the portrait of the Gospels. Josephus stresses the political fears that John aroused in Herod, while the Gospels focus on his moral preaching, even against the political leadership.
Related Resource - See G J Goldberg's article on John the Baptist and Josephus
Henry Morris on John - Jesus said John the Baptist was the greatest man ever born up to His day (Matthew 11:11). Yet, for some strange reason, John is almost ignored by modern believers. In a very real sense, he was the first Christian, the first Christian witness, the first Christian preacher, the first Christian prophet, and, finally, the first Christian martyr. He was the first to baptize converts and could have even started the first local church since the disciples of Christ were already largely organized and ministering together under John before they were instructed to follow Christ (John 1:35-37; Acts 1:15-26).
In the wilderness (desert) - This refers to the uninhabited region just north of the Dead Sea. This specific location would also indicate that this was the beginning of the ministry of the great (unnamed) prophet of Isaiah 40:3 (The voice [John's] calling "Clear the way in the wilderness") (See Luke 3:4).
MacArthur on wilderness - The region to the immediate West of the Dead Sea—an utterly barren desert. The Jewish sect of the Essenes had significant communities in this region. But there is no biblical evidence to suggest that John was in any way connected with that sect. John seems to have preached near the northern end of this region, close by where the Jordan flows into the Dead Sea (Lk 3:6). This was a full day’s journey from Jerusalem and seems an odd location to announce the arrival of a King. But it is perfectly in keeping with God’s ways (1 Co 1:26–29). (MacArthur Study Bible)
Luke alluded to the wilderness in his description that the child John the Baptist "continued to grow, and to become strong in spirit, and he lived in the deserts (eremos) until the day of his public appearance to Israel." (Lk 1:80-note).
Bock adds that "Given the Gospel of John’s comments, the ministry involved both sides of the Jordan River, since Perea was also included in the ministry (John 1:28; 3:23; 10:40). (Ibid)
Barry J. Beitzel on wilderness - It is difficult to describe adequately the foreboding desolation and howling barrenness along the shores of the Dead Sea.… If there could be fixed in one’s mind the image of the almost-painful sterility of the Sahara or of Death Valley, and then multiply that by a factor of four or more, one might come close to capturing the geographical reality to which he is exposed along the shores of the Dead Sea. (The Moody Atlas of Bible Lands)
Wilderness (desolate, desert)(2048)(eremos) when used as an adjective, normally describes places which are abandoned, desolate, or unpopulated. Eremos "is an adjectival form used primarily in the nominal sense of "wilderness," "desert"' (Renn) The wilderness Luke describes extended from the hill country of Judah on the west to the Dead Sea on the east, and north into the Jordan River valley.
This passage is a fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy regarding John given some seven centuries earlier (and quoted by Mt 3:3)...
A voice is calling, "Clear the way for the LORD in the wilderness; Make smooth in the desert a highway for our God. (Isaiah 40:3)
J C Ryle applies the word of God coming to John - There is something in this account which throws great light on the office of all ministers of the Gospel. It is an office which no man has a right to take up, unless he has an inward call from God, as well as an outward call from man. Visions and revelations from heaven, of course we have no right to expect. Fanatical claims to special gifts of the Spirit must always be checked and discouraged. But an inward call a man must have, before he puts his hand to the work of the ministry. The word of God must "come to him," as really and truly as it came to John the Baptist, before he undertakes to "come to the word." In short, he must be able to profess with a good conscience, that he is "inwardly moved by the Holy Spirit" to take upon him the office of a minister. The man who cannot say this, when he comes forward to be ordained, is committing a great sin, and running without being sent.
Let it be a part of our daily prayers, that our churches may have no ministers excepting those who are really called of God. An unconverted minister is an injury and burden to a church. How can a man speak of truths which he has never tasted? How can he testify of a Savior whom he has never seen by faith, and never laid hold on for his own soul? The pastor after God's own heart, is a man to whom the Word of God has come. He runs confidently and speaks boldly, because he has been sent. (Luke 3)
Luke 3:2 Make A Difference - While Annas and Caiaphas were high priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness. —Luke 3:2
Seven men are mentioned in Luke 3, who had political, economic, and religious control over Israel: Roman Emperor Tiberias Caesar, Governor Pontius Pilate, the tetrarchs Herod, Philip, and Lysanias, along with high priests Annas and Caiaphas. While they were in power,“The word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness. And he went into all the region around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the remission of sins”(Lk 3:2-3).
What possible difference could it make for a person with no money and power to respond to God’s word when it seemed that others were so firmly in control? How could the actions of one insignificant person change anything? The answer is revealed in John the Baptist’s message of repentance, his announcement of the coming Messiah (Lk 3:16-17), and his bold confronting of Herod (v.19). John’s role was to prepare the way for Jesus the Messiah, and the world was blessed by his obedience.
Today our task as Christians is to reflect the crucified and risen Savior in everything we do, and to tell others about Him. God calls each of us to live according to His instructions in the Bible. And our response will make all the difference in the world.
The laws of God are true and right;
They stand as firm today
As when He put them in His Word
And told us to obey.
—Fasick
Obedience to God is the key to a lasting influence.
By David C. McCasland
Luke 3:2 Insignificant - The Word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness. —Luke 3:2
Read: Luke 3:2-6,15-18
“Movers and shakers” are people climbing the ladder of influence and success. Luke 3 mentions seven prominent leaders who exercised control in the society of their time. Roman Emperor Tiberias Caesar held the power of life and death over people in his far-flung empire. Pontius Pilate represented Rome as governor of Judea; while Herod, Philip, and Lysanias kept people in line at the regional level. Annas and Caiaphas served as high priests, taking their religious authority seriously.
While these power brokers flexed their political muscles, “the Word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness” (v.2). Who could seem less important than this obscure man living in the desert and listening for God’s voice? What could John the Baptist possibly accomplish by “preaching a baptism of repentance for the remission of sins”? (v.3). Yet multitudes came to John seeking truth, turning from their wrongs, and wondering if he could be the Messiah (vv.7,15). John told them, “One mightier than I is coming . . . . He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire” (v.16).
John’s life helps us understand what it means to be significant in God’s eyes. Like John, may everything we say and do point others to Jesus.
Lord, help us to surrender our desire for influence
and success to You. May our heart’s desire ever be to be
used by You to further Your kingdom.
Make our lives a living testimony of You.
Our surrender to God precedes His significant work in our life.
By David C. McCasland (Used by permission - Copyright Our Daily Bread)
Luke 3 - Son Reflector -
Read: John 1:1-9 | Bible in a Year: Joshua 13-15; Luke 1:57-80
This man came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light. —John 1:7
The cozy little village of Rjukan, Norway, is a delightful place to live—except during the dark days of winter. Located in a valley at the foot of the towering Gaustatoppen Mountain, the town receives no direct sunlight for nearly half of the year. Residents had long considered the idea of placing mirrors at the top of the mountain to reflect the sun. But the concept was not feasible until recently. In 2005, a local artist began “The Mirror Project” to bring together people who could turn the idea into reality. Eight years later, in October 2013, the mirrors went into action. Residents crowded into the town square to soak up the reflected sunlight.
In a spiritual sense, much of the world is like the village of Rjukan—mountains of troubles keep the light of Jesus from getting through. But God strategically places His children to act as reflectors. One such person was John the Baptist, who came “to bear witness of the Light”—Jesus—who gives light “to those who sit in darkness and the shadow of death” (John 1:7; Luke 1:79).
Just as sunlight is essential for emotional and physical health, so exposure to the light of Jesus is essential for spiritual health. Thankfully, every believer is in a position to reflect His light into the world’s dark places.
Dear Father, help me to reflect Your light into the world around me today. May all that I say and do bear witness of Your light and truth. May others see how wonderful You are.
A world in darkness needs the light of Jesus.
INSIGHT: The author of the gospel of John is not the same John referred to in today’s reading (1:6). John the Baptist, the “man sent from God,” was the fulfillment of the “messenger” prophesied in Malachi 3:1 (see Mark 1:2-3). His main task was to introduce Jesus to the world and “to bear witness of the Light” (John 1:7-8). The miraculous circumstances of John’s birth are told in Luke 1:5-80. He was probably a cousin of Jesus (Luke 1:36), had the privilege to baptize Him (Matt. 3:13-15), and was imprisoned and later beheaded by Herod (14:1-12). His ministry is recorded in Matthew 3; 11:1-11; Mark 1:1-9; and Luke 3. Jesus said that of “those born of women” (i.e., those born by ordinary human birth), none is greater than John the Baptist (Matt. 11:11).
By Julie Ackerman Link
Luke 3:3 And he came into all the district around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.
district: Mt 3:5 Mk 1:4,5 Joh 1:28 3:26
preaching: Mt 3:6,11 Mk 1:4 Joh 1:31-33 Ac 13:24 19:4 22:16
for forgiveness: Lu 1:77
Hendriksen's translation - He went into the whole Jordan neighborhood, proclaiming a baptism of conversion with a view to the forgiveness of sins.
NLT Paraphrase Then John went from place to place on both sides of the Jordan River, preaching that people should be baptized to show that they had turned to God to receive forgiveness for their sins.
Wuest - And he went into all the country around the Jordan making a public proclamation with such formality, gravity, and authority as must be listened to and obeyed, announcing a baptism that had to do with repentance, this baptism, a testimony because of the putting away of sins,
JOHN'S MESSAGE: REPENT
AND RECEIVE FORGIVENESS
He came into all the district around the Jordan, preaching ("He went into the whole Jordan neighborhood") Only Luke informs us that John went into all the country about Jordan preaching. The other evangelists (Matt. 3:1–12; Mark 1:1–8; John 1:15, 28) inform us that the multitudes came to Him. The word must have spread about his ministry in the desert and so people came out to hear him. That is one method of outreach. But apparently he also went himself to every inhabited area around the river Jordan where people lived.
How did John come into the district? "In the spirit and power of Elijah" (Luke 1:17), with "a garment of camel’s hair and a leather belt around his waist; and his food was locusts and wild honey" (Mt 3:4, cf 2 Ki 1:8). And notice the first word - he came preaching! And from Lk 3:18-note we see that he preached the Gospel (euaggelizo [gives us our "evangelize"] in imperfect tense = over and over). A good pattern to follow as we go out into the wilderness of this lost world! (Minus the camel hair garment of course!).
MacArthur on district around the Jordan - That John’s entire ministry was spent in the district around the Jordan River (cf. Mt. 3:6, 13; John 1:28; 3:23, 26; 10:40) in no way diminished his enormous popularity (cf. Mt. 3:5; Mk 1:5).
Preaching (present tense = continually proclaiming) (2784)(kerusso) from kerux = a herald - one who acts as the medium of the authority of one who proclamation he makes; kerugma = the thing preached or the message) means to proclaim (publicly) or to herald or act as a public crier - the town official who would make a proclamation in a public gathering. Kerusso means to preach, proclaim, publish, always with the suggestion of formality, gravity and an authority which must be listened to and obeyed. The idea is to preach or proclaim with the goal to persuade, urge or warn to comply. John was to preach the Word and not coerce. It is the Spirit Who convicts and convinces. Beloved, are you sowing the seed of the good news in your sphere of influence? Remember God's good Word never returns empty (Isaiah 55:11)!
Kerusso was used of the official whose duty it was to proclaim loudly and extensively the coming of an earthly king, even as our gospel is to clearly announce the coming of the King of kings and Lord of lords (Rev 19:16-note)! The Imperial Herald would enter a town in behalf of the Emperor, and make a public proclamation of the message which his Sovereign ordered him to give, doing so with such formality, gravity, and authority as to emphasize that the message must be heeded! (Think about this in regard to the Gospel of God instead of the decree of a man! cf 1Th 2:13-note). He gave the people exactly what the Emperor bade him give, nothing more, nothing less. He did not dare add to the message or take away from it. Should this not be the example and pattern every preacher and teacher of the holy gospel of God seeks and strives to emulate, yea, even doing so with fear and trembling! ("not as pleasing men but God, who examines our hearts" see 1Th 2:4-note)
The original meaning of the root word kerux was a "herald at the royal court." Homer used kerusso and kerux in this connection. They not only announced the coming of the prince, but they also carried his commands to the uttermost corners of his realm. As the government of Greece became more republican, these heralds came to serve the state rather than the court. Certain qualities were required of heralds. They must have powerful voices, so voice auditions were often held. In the case of John the Baptist he did not need to audition because he was enabled by the Holy Spirit to boldly proclaim the good news of repentance. Also the secular heralds had to be capable of calming down an unruly mob, in order to faithfully communicate the command. Frankly, John the Baptist's message was not to calm them down but to stir them up calling on them to repent! An honest disposition was also required, as a protection against the exaggeration of a royal decree. The importance of John's message could hardly be exaggerated as it is the most important message any lost soul can hear! Furthermore, the secular heralds could make no additions or subtractions from the received message. John spoke the Word of God that came from him without any additions or subtractions!
Luke's use of kerruso (17 of 61 NT uses) -
Lk. 3:3; Lk. 4:18; Lk. 4:19; Lk. 4:44; Lk. 8:1; Lk. 8:39; Lk. 9:2; Lk. 12:3; Lk. 24:47; Acts 8:5; Acts 9:20; Acts 10:37; Acts 10:42; Acts 15:21; Acts 19:13; Acts 20:25; Acts 28:31
Baptism of repentance - "a baptism the characteristic of which was repentance; which involved an obligation to repent." (Vincent) "Heralded a repentance kind of baptism (genitive case, genus case), a baptism marked by repentance." (A T Robertson)
NET Note - A baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins was a call for preparation for the arrival of the Lord’s salvation. To participate in this baptism was a recognition of the need for God’s forgiveness with a sense that one needed to live differently as a response to it (Luke 3:10–14).
The problem with this baptism (as with any baptism) is that it is merely an outward sign of a genuine change in one's heart. However, sadly, since it was an external act, baptism could be performed without any change in a person's heart.
Warren Wiersbe on baptism - Centuries before, Israel had crossed the Jordan (a national baptism) to claim their Promised Land. Now God summoned them to turn from sin and enter His spiritual kingdom....A unique feature about John’s ministry was baptism (Luke 20:1–8; John 1:25–28). Baptism was nothing new to the people, for the Jews baptized Gentile proselytes. But John baptized Jews, and this was unusual. Acts 19:1–5 explains that John’s baptism looked forward to the coming of the Messiah (Acts 19:4 "John baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in Him Who was coming after him [6 MONTHS LATER MESSIAH WOULD ARRIVE ON THE SCENE], that is, in Jesus."), while Christian baptism looks back to the finished work of Christ. But there was something even beyond John’s baptism, and that was the baptism that the Messiah would administer (Luke 3:16). He would baptize believers with the Holy Spirit, and this began at Pentecost (Acts 1:5; 2:1ff). Today, the moment a sinner trusts Christ, he or she is baptized by the Spirit into the body of Christ (1 Cor. 12:13).
Baptism (908)(baptisma from bapto = dip as in dye to color - see study of verb baptizo) is the result of the act of dipping, plunging, immersing, washing. something or someone. The suffix -ma indicates the result of dipping or sinking or baptizing while baptismos is the act of baptizing. Luke is not describing baptism as we normally think of it today, where a person believes in Jesus for salvation and his baptism symbolizes the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. John's baptism does not produce or result in forgiveness, for no human ritual can accomplish forgiveness.
John MacArthur explains John's baptism noting that "while there were various ceremonial washings in Judaism (cf. Heb. 6:2), there was no baptism of Jews. But while there was no baptism of Jews in Judaism, the Jews did baptize Gentile converts to Judaism. Thus, those who “were being baptized by [John] in the Jordan River, as they confessed their sins” (Mt. 3:6), were publicly acknowledging that they were no better than the Gentiles. Their sins had separated them from the true and living God (cf. Isa 59:2) and cut them off from covenant blessings. For Jewish people to place themselves on the same level as the despised Gentiles was astonishing, and demonstrates the power of John’s preaching. Unfortunately, few being baptized by John were truly repentant. The nation would later reject Jesus when He failed to meet their expectations of a political Messiah, who would deliver them from the Romans. Others were superficial from the start....But those few (Mt 7:13–14) who acknowledged their sinful condition and alienation from God and turned to Him in repentant faith were saved. (Luke Commentary)
Stein has an interesting comment on repentance - “Repentance” here literally means a change of mind but refers more broadly to the human dimension involved in the experience of conversion in contrast to the divine element (regeneration)....The message of repentance for the forgiveness of sins is a central theme in Luke-Acts and must always be a central part of the gospel message.cf. Luke 4:18; 5:17–32; 24:47; Acts 5:31; 8:22 (NAC) (Ed: To be sure repentance must be a personal choice, but Scripture teaches that it is a gift of God - cf Ro 2:4, Acts 3:26, Acts 11:18, Acts 5:31, 2 Ti 2:25).
A baptism of repentance - (Revised English Bible = a baptism in token of repentance’) John was calling for a radical turning from sin that was clearly manifest by demonstrable fruits of righteousness (cf Lk 3:8-note). Jesus’ first sermon in Matthew and Mark began with the same call...
From that time Jesus began to preach and say, “Repent (aorist imperative = "Do this now!" "Do not delay!") for (explains why repentance is urgent!) the kingdom of heaven is at hand.” (Mt 4:17)
And after John had been taken into custody, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of God, and saying, "The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; Repent (presnt imperative = speaks of a "lifestyle" of repenting thus some believers in behind the old "Iron Curtain" in Europe were called "Repenters"!) and believe in the Gospel." (Mark 1:14-15)
Gotquestions on the baptism of John (Mark 1:4) – as John the Baptist preached repentance of sins in preparation for the coming of the Messiah, he baptized people in the Jordan. Those who were baptized by John were showing their faith in John’s message and their need to confess their sin (Mark 1:5). In Acts 18:24–25, a disciple of John’s named Apollos preaches in Ephesus; however, only knowing the baptism of John and the need for repentance, he needed to be further instructed in the death and resurrection of Christ. Later in the same city, Acts 19:1–7, Paul encounters some more followers of John. These disciples had been baptized for repentance, but they had not heard of the new birth or the Holy Spirit. Paul taught them the whole message of salvation in Christ, and they received the message and were subsequently baptized in Jesus’ name. (Excerpt from an interesting article entitled What are the seven baptisms mentioned in the Bible, and what do they mean?)
Darrell Bock on John's baptism - John’s baptism is unique to him and is grounded in his prophetic office. It is a call to commitment and includes a recognition that God is coming. It is neither the washing of a separated covenant community (Qumran) nor an initiatory rite (Gentile proselytes). Unlike traditional Judaism, it is not a religious act related to bringing sacrifices. Rather, it is an affirmation, a washing that looks with hope for God’s (Ed: Messiah's) coming and lives in light of one’s relationship to Him (regarding this future looking and living see Bock's note below). This attitude is much like the NT emphasis on a life of faith. (Baker Exegetical Commentary).
What was John the Baptist promising his followers when he baptized them? John the Baptist was the forerunner of our Lord. As the last and greatest of the Old Testament prophets, he was announcing that the Messiah promised in the Old Testament was soon coming (Mt 3:2). Until Jesus’ baptism, he did not know for certain that, indeed, Jesus was this Messiah. John’s baptism was a baptism of repentance, an acknowledgement of sin, and of the need for the forgiveness of sins which Messiah (the “Lamb of God”) would bring about. The baptism was the symbol of their acknowledgement of sin, and of their need for a Savior. It was a preparatory baptism, but (as we see in Acts 19) it did not preclude the need for “believer’s baptism,” once they had come to faith in Jesus as that promised Messiah. This is why the church baptized new believers, and why believers today should be baptized as well. (Bible.org)
John MacArthur on the nature of repentance - Saving repentance never exists except in partnership with faith. It is impossible to have true faith in Jesus Christ apart from true repentance from sin or true repentance from sin apart from true faith. They are two sides of the same work of the Holy Spirit to convict sinners of their sin and draw them to Christ. It must be clearly understood that repentance is not a human work that earns salvation. Repentance is not a pre-salvation effort by sinners to set their lives right that God rewards by saving them. In repentance sinners recognize their dire condition, acknowledge that they are unable to save themselves, and turn to Jesus Christ as the only One who can save them. Left to themselves, the unregenerate will never come to that conclusion, since they love darkness rather than light (John 3:19), and are dead in their trespasses and sins (Eph. 2:1). The conviction that produces repentance is a work of the Holy Spirit, who “convict[s] the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment” (John 16:8). (Luke Commentary)
Repentance (3341)(metanoia from meta = after + noéo = to understand) literally means "afterthought" or "to think after" and implies a change of mind. Metanoia means however much more than merely a change of one's mind but also includes a complete change of heart, attitude, interest, and direction. Metanoia is a conversion in every sense of the word. Jesus' teaching would support this conclusion for our Lord declared…
I tell you that in the same way, there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents (metanoeo), than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no repentance (metanoia). (Luke 15:7)
Metanoia is a key term used frequently by Luke, 5x in the Gospel and 6x in Acts out of 22 total NT uses -
Matt. 3:8; Matt. 3:11; Mk. 1:4; Lk. 3:3; Lk. 3:8; Lk. 5:32; Lk. 15:7; Lk. 24:47; Acts 5:31; Acts 11:18; Acts 13:24; Acts 19:4; Acts 20:21; Acts 26:20; Rom. 2:4; 2 Co. 7:9; 2 Co. 7:10; 2 Tim. 2:25; Heb. 6:1; Heb. 6:6; Heb. 12:17; 2 Pet. 3:9
Bishop Ryle offers this descriptive definition of repentance…
Repentance is a thorough change of man's natural heart, upon the subject of sin. We are all born in sin. We naturally love sin. We take to sin, as soon as we can act and think—just as the bird takes to flying, and the fish takes to swimming. There never was a child that required schooling or education in order to learn deceitfulness, selfishness, passion, self-will, gluttony, pride, and foolishness. These things are not picked up from bad companions, or gradually learned by a long course of tedious instruction. They spring up of themselves, even when boys and girls are brought up alone. The seeds of them are evidently the natural product of the heart. The aptitude of all children to these evil things is an unanswerable proof of the corruption and fall of man. Now when this heart of ours is changed by the Holy Spirit, when this natural love of sin is cast out, then takes place that change which the Word of God calls "repentance." The man in whom the change is wrought is said to "repent." (Repentance)
One of the best illustrations of genuine repentance is found in Paul's description of the saints at Thessalonica…
For they themselves (other believers in Macedonia and Achaia) report about us (Paul, Silvanus and Timothy) what kind of a reception we had with you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve a living and true God, and to wait for His Son from heaven, whom He raised from the dead, that is Jesus, who delivers us from the wrath to come. (1Thessalonians 1:9; 1:10-See notes 1Th 1:9; 1:10)
In Acts 20:21 Paul declares that he was "solemnly testifying to both Jews and Greeks of repentance toward God and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.
C H Spurgeon wrote that "Repentance and faith must go together to complete each other. I compare them to a door and its post. Repentance is the door which shuts out sin, but faith is the post on which its hinges are fixed. A door without a doorpost to hang on is not a door at all, while a doorpost without the door hanging on it is of no value whatever. What God hath joined together let no man put asunder, and these two he has made inseparable—repentance and faith)
J C Ryle wrote… There can be no true repentance without faith. You may cast away your old habits, as the serpent casts off his skin—but if you are not resting all upon the Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world, and looking to be saved by simple faith in Him, you may be wise in your own eyes—but you are just ignorant of the root and fountain, the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last, in all true gospel religion. You may tell us you have repented—but if you have not at the same time laid hold on Christ, you have hitherto received the grace of God in vain.
Related Resource: Great quotes on repentance primarily from Puritan writers
W E Vine (commenting on a parallel passage in Mk 1:4) says that "The repentance to which (John) called the people was a change of mind involving a confession of sin and producing an alteration of attitude toward God. Not only was the intellect to be affected but the persons themselves. John preached “the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins” (Mark 1:4), that is to say, baptism as an (external) evidence of a change of heart toward God, leading to acceptance of Christ (see Acts 19:4 = “John baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in Him who was coming after him, that is, in Jesus.”)."
John Martin - John’s baptism was associated with repentance, that is, it outwardly pictured an inner change of heart. The word “for” (eis) refers back to the whole “baptism of repentance.” The baptism did not save anyone, as is clear from what follows (Lk 3:7–14). Repentance was “unto” (literal rendering of eis) or resulted in sins forgiven. Since John’s function was to be Christ’s forerunner, so also his baptism prefigured a different baptism (Luke 3:16) (Bible Knowledge Commentary)
Bock helps us understand John's baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins - The final characteristic mentioned about this baptism is its goal. It is directed toward, (eis, for), the forgiveness of sins. This statement could be read to suggest that some type of total forgiveness and efficacy is found in John’s baptism that makes the experience one of “becoming saved.” However, this understanding reads back more into the event than the time of the event and the presentation of Luke will allow. John is a preparatory figure (Lk 1:17-note ="It is he who will go as a forerunner before Him in the spirit and power of Elijah, TO TURN THE HEARTS OF THE FATHERS BACK TO THE CHILDREN, and the disobedient to the attitude of the righteous, so as to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.”, Luke 1:76–77-note; Schürmann 1969: 154–57). He prepares a people for God. Most importantly, John says that his baptism is nothing compared to the baptism that the Mightier One brings (Lk 3:16). So John’s baptism is a prophetic eschatological washing; that is, it is a baptism of promise that looks to the greater baptism of the Spirit (Schürmann 1969: 158–60). It points forward to the cleansing that comes to those who respond to Messiah’s offer with faith. This association of Spirit and cleansing was mentioned in the OT (Ezek. 36:25–27-note; Zech. 13:1). The washing in the Jordan adds symbolism, picturing either repentance (Isa. 1:16–17; Jer. 4:14) or divine cleansing (Ps. 51:7–9; Isa. 4:2–6; Ezek. 37:23-note; Jer. 33:8-note) or, perhaps, both (Nolland 1989: 141). If there be any doubt that Luke understands John in this prophetic and eschatological fashion, a glance at Acts 19:1–10 ends any such uncertainty. Disciples who know only of John are to accept immediately the baptism tied to Jesus. Acts 19:4 makes it clear that John’s baptism is not complete in itself, but points to faith in Jesus (also Acts 13:24). Thus, John’s baptism represented for its precross Israelite audience a commitment to a new approach to God resulting in a life of fruitfulness for God and expectation of the eschaton....In short, John’s baptism was a step on the way to the Promised One’s forgiveness. The repentance in view here will not only make one alter the way one lives, but also will cause one to see “the Mightier One to come” as the promise of God. To submit to this baptism is to confess one’s commitment to this perspective. This is the essence of John’s baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. (Baker Exegetical Commentary)
For the forgiveness of sins - Genuine repentance results in God sending away our sins (like the scapegoat was sent away on the Day of Atonement - cf Lev 16:21, 22-note). However see Bock's comments above which suggest that John's "forgiveness" was in a sense preparatory and so pointed to the total forgiveness found only in Jesus.
John's father Zacharias had prophesied that his son would proclaim forgiveness of sins...
And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Most High; For you will go on BEFORE THE LORD TO PREPARE HIS WAYS; To give to His people the knowledge of salvation By the forgiveness of their sins. (Lk 1:76-77-note)
Forgiveness (KJV = "remission")(859)(aphesis from aphiemi = action which causes separation and is in turn derived from apo = from + hiemi = put in motion, send) literally means to send away or to put apart, a letting go, a leaving behind, a removal. Aphesis refers to a remission as when one remits (pardons, cancels) a debt, or releases then from an obligation. To release from captivity. Remission (see definition of English word) of sins means once and for all taking them away, removing the guilt, punishment and power of sin. And so to release one’s sins, is not just release from the ("legal" or forensic) charge and the just penalty of sin but also release from the power and dominion of sin (and in Heaven the release from the presence of sin and the pleasure of sin).
Vincent on aphesis - The word occurs in Luke more frequently than in all the other New Testament writers combined. Used in medical language of the relaxation of disease. Both Luke and John use the kindred verb ἀφίημι, in the same sense. Luke 4:39; John 4:52.
Sins (266) (hamartia) literally conveys the idea of missing the mark as when hunting with a bow and arrow (in Homer some hundred times of a warrior hurling his spear but missing his foe). Later hamartia came to mean missing or falling short of any goal, standard, or purpose. Hamartia in the Bible signifies a departure from God's holy, perfect standard of what is right in word or deed (righteous). It pictures the idea of missing His appointed goal (His will) which results in a deviation from what is pleasing to Him. In short, sin is conceived as a missing the true end and scope of our lives, which is the Triune God Himself. As Martin Luther put it "Sin is essentially a departure from God."
J C Ryle has a few words of warning regarding repentance - We must carefully bear in mind that no repentance can make atonement for sin. The blood of Christ, and nothing else, can wash away sin from man's soul. No quantity of repentance can ever justify us in the sight of God. "We are accounted righteous before God, only for the sake of our Lord Jesus Christ, by faith, and not for our own works or deservings." It is of the utmost importance to understand this clearly. The trouble that men bring upon their souls, by misunderstanding this subject, is more than can be expressed.
But while we say all this, we must carefully remember that without repentance no soul was ever yet saved. We must know our sins, mourn over them, forsake them, abhor them, or else we shall never enter the kingdom of heaven. There is nothing meritorious in this. It forms no part whatever of the price of our redemption. Our salvation is all of grace, from first to last. But the great fact still remains, that saved souls are always penitent souls, and that saving faith in Christ, and true repentance toward God, are never found asunder. This is a mighty truth, and one that ought never to be forgotten.
Do we ourselves repent? This, after all, is the question which most nearly concerns us. Have we been convinced of sin by the Holy Spirit? Have we fled to Jesus for deliverance from the wrath to come? Do we know anything of a broken and contrite heart, and a thorough hatred of sin? Can we say, "I repent," as well as "I believe?" If not, let us not delude our minds with the idea that our sins are yet forgiven. It is written, "Except you repent, you shall all likewise perish." (Luke 13:3.)
Luke 3:3 Getting Ready for Christmas -
I glanced through some magazines and saw article after article warning about holiday stress and telling people how to prepare for Christmas. They gave the usual advice: Do your baking early; wrap your gifts as you purchase them; don’t fill every minute with activity. These are good ideas, and I’m sure you’ve thought of some yourself. Personally, I like to shop through catalogs when I can.
The people who listened to John the Baptist had some preparing to do too. No, not for celebrating Christmas but for the start of Jesus’ public ministry (Isaiah 40:3-5; Malachi 3:1). John’s mission was to prepare the way for the Messiah by preaching a message of repentance (Luke 3:3). In preparation for the Messiah’s coming, the people were to cleanse their hearts by seeking God’s forgiveness for their sins.
As we get ready to celebrate the coming of Jesus to earth, we too should heed John’s message of repentance (Matthew 3:2). What’s most important is to enter this season of the year with a pure heart. To do that, we need to confess our sin, turn from it, and renew our fellowship with the Lord. Then we’ll be able to celebrate the Christmas season with great joy and peace.
That’s how to get ready for Christmas.
Take time this Christmastide to go
A little way apart,
And with the help of God prepare
The house that is your heart. —Anon.
To give meaning to Christmas, give Christ first place in your heart.
By David C. Egner
Luke 3:4 as it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet, "THE VOICE OF ONE CRYING IN THE WILDERNESS, 'MAKE READY THE WAY OF THE LORD, MAKE HIS PATHS STRAIGHT.
The voice: Isa 40:3-5 Mt 3:3 Mk 1:3 John 1:23
Prepare: Lu 1:16,17,76-79 Isa 57:14 62:10 Mal 4:6 Joh 1:7,26-36 3:28-36
Luke 3:4-6 A Voice Crying in the Wilderness, Part 1 - John MacArthur
NET As it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet, "The voice of one shouting in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.
Wuest - as it stands written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet, A voice of one shouting in the uninhabited region, Make ready the Lord’s road.
As it is written ("as it stands written") - Written is in the perfect tense which means it has been written at some time in the past (700 years earlier) and remains in effect or valid.
John MacArthur emphasizes that "Nothing more convincingly demonstrates God’s control over history than fulfilled prophecy. One such prophecy is Isaiah 40:3–5, the subject of these verses.... John’s fulfillment of this prophecy also shows the continuity between his ministry and the Old Testament, something critically important if the Jewish people were to accept him as a prophet of God."
Written (1125)(grapho) means to engrave.
Crying (shouting) (994) (Boáō from boé (995) means raise a cry, call or shout of joy, pain, etc, by using one’s voice with unusually high volume. In several of the NT contexts (and many more of the Septuagint = LXX uses) crying out was in the context of one seeking help or assistance. Some uses mean simply a loud cry but in some of these situations the cry reflects a state of agitation. The Greeks used boáō to describe the sound of certain things such as the wind and waves (to sound, resound, roar, howl).
Thayer makes an interesting comparison between 3 Greek words that all convey the idea of to call out or cry out, noting that kaleo in classic usage meant “to cry out” for a purpose, boáo meant “to cry out” as a result of or manifestation of an inner feeling and krazo meant to cry out harshly, often with an inarticulate and brutish sound.In short, kaleo suggests intelligence, boáo suggests sensibilities and krazo suggests instincts. In sum, of these three words, boáo was the Greek word that especially conveys the idea of a cry for help.
NET Note on make His paths straight - This call to “make paths straight” in this context is probably an allusion to preparation through repentance as the verb (poieo) reappears in Lk 3:8, 10, 11, 12, 14.
Luke 3:4 Prepared for His Presence - Prepare the way of the Lord; make His paths straight. —Luke 3:4
Whenever the President of the United States visits a community, local officials cooperate with advance teams to prepare for his coming. His motorcade route is carefully laid out. Streets are repaired and litter is picked up. The offices, auditoriums, and businesses he’ll visit are decorated. Those who will meet him put on their finest clothes. Everything possible is done to give him the kind of reception his high position deserves. If a world leader merits such thorough preparation, certainly the Lord of the universe deserves far more. John, the baptizer and “advance man” for Christ, urged the people to get ready for the Messiah. In fulfillment of the prophecy of Isaiah 40:3-4, he called for the removal of spiritual obstacles (Luke 3:10-14).
Mountains of pride and abuse must be leveled.
Valleys of human need must be filled.
Crooked, immoral paths must be straightened.
Rough places of oppression must be made smooth.
Such actions do not save us, but they do reflect a timeless principle: If our hearts are prepared for the Lord, He will walk through the streets of our lives with power and peace.
I wonder, is there anything in our lives that makes us unprepared for His presence? MRD II
For Further Thought = Read James 4:6-10. How should we prepare ourselves if we desire to have a close relationship with God?
Repentance clears the way for our walk with God.
By Mart DeHaan
Luke 3:4-5 The Ultimate Road Trip -
Read: Isaiah 40:1–11
In the wilderness prepare the way for the Lord; make straight in the desert a highway for our God. Isaiah 40:3
Madagascar’s National Road 5 offers the beauty of a white sand coastline, palm forests, and the Indian Ocean. Its 125 miles of two-track road, bare rock, sand, and mud, however, have given it a reputation for being one of the worst roads in the world. Tourists looking for breathtaking views are advised to have a four-wheel-drive vehicle, an experienced driver, and an onboard mechanic.
John the Baptist came to announce the good news of the coming Messiah to those traveling on rough roads and through barren landscape. Repeating the words of the prophet Isaiah written centuries earlier, he urged curious crowds to “prepare the way for the Lord” and to “make straight paths for him” (Luke 3:4–5; Isa. 40:3)
God, we need You to do in us what we cannot do for ourselves.
John knew that if the people of Jerusalem were going to be ready to welcome their long-awaited Messiah their hearts needed to change. Mountains of religious pride would need to come down. Those in the valley of despair because of their broken lives would need to be lifted up.
Neither could be done by human effort alone. Those who refused to respond to the Spirit of God by accepting John’s baptism of repentance failed to recognize their Messiah when He came (Luke 7:29–30). Yet those who saw their need for change discovered in Jesus the goodness and wonder of God.
Father in heaven, we need You to do in us what we cannot do for ourselves. Please remove any mountain of pride or valley of despair that would keep us from welcoming You into our lives.
INSIGHT: This passage is not a message of hope only for exiled Jews. It is for us all. Isaiah is proclaiming a universal truth: “The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God endures forever.” For Jesus’s followers, trouble, sorrow, and exile last only for a season. The hope of the Lord lasts forever.
Luke 3:5 'EVERY RAVINE WILL BE FILLED, AND EVERY MOUNTAIN AND HILL WILL BE BROUGHT LOW; THE CROOKED WILL BECOME STRAIGHT, AND THE ROUGH ROADS SMOOTH
Ravine: Lu 1:51-53 Isa 2:11-17 35:6-8 40:4 49:11 61:1-3 Eze 17:24 Jas 1:9
Crooked: Isa 42:16 45:2 Heb 12:12,13
HEARTS PREPARED
FOR A KING
NET Note - The figurative language of this verse speaks of the whole creation preparing for the arrival of a major figure, so all obstacles to his approach are removed.
The literal picture in this quote describes the physical work preparing the roads to make them fit for a king to travel over when he arrives. The figurative sense of this picture is that of internal moral and spiritual preparation (including repentance) for the coming Messiah. The idea is that as a kings would send a courier ahead of them to tell the people of their lands to prepare roads for their coming, so the Messiah sends his herald to tell his people to prepare their hearts for his coming.
However the figurative sense is for us to prepare our hearts to receive the King by dealing with sin and doing an honest inventory of our heart. We must see the depths of our sin before we can truly understand our need for a Savior.
A T Robertson on the word for ravine - Here only in the N. T., though in the LXX and ancient Greek. It is a ravine or valley hedged in by precipices.
Will be brought low (5013) (tapeinoo from tapeinos = low, not high, figuratively of one's attitude/social position) literally means to level, to cause something to be lower or to make low (eg, to level off a mountain as here in Lk 3:5 from Lxx of Is 40:4). Tapeinoo means to bow down, to make low, and figuratively to humble, to cause someone to lose prestige, to reduce to a meaner condition or lower rank, to abase.
Crooked (4646)(skolios; English = scoliosis = an abnormal curvature and misalignment of the spine) describes something as literally crooked, bent, deformed or warped and stands opposed to that which is straight. Figuratively skolios refers to anything that deviates from a standard or norm, and in Scripture, it is often used of things that are morally or spiritually corrupt.
ESV Study Bible adds that the description of the images from Isaiah 40:3-4 "are also metaphors that have ethical overtones: the proud and arrogant will be humbled (Lk 1:52; 14:11; 18:14), the humble and lowly will be exalted, and the crooked (cf. Acts 2:40) will be changed."
John MacArthur notes that "Chapter 40, the source of this prophecy, is a pivotal point in the book of Isaiah. The first thirty-nine chapters focus largely on God’s coming judgments on Israel and the surrounding nations. The opening words of chapter 40, “ ‘Comfort, O comfort My people,’ says your God,” (Isa 40:1) mark a dramatic change in tone. The message of Isaiah’s prophecy changed from judgment to salvation, which is the theme of the rest of the book. The same God who judged Israel for her sins will one day have mercy on her; His ultimate purpose for the nation is not judgment but the salvation of the believing remnant, based on His unmerited grace (cf. Ro 11:1–32). The theme of God’s comforting of Israel runs throughout the last half of Isaiah’s prophecy (cf. Isaiah 40:6–11, 28–31; 41:8–10, 13; 49:14–16; 51:1–3, 12; 52:9; 54:4–8; 57:18; 61:2; 66:12–13). Ultimately, God’s comfort of Israel will culminate in the millennial kingdom. Human history will end when the Lord Jesus Christ establishes His earthly kingdom and reigns over the entire world (Ps. 2:6; Isa. 2:2; Jer. 33:15; Ezek. 34:23–24; Dan. 2:44–45; Hos. 3:5; Rev. 20:4–6). Politically, the millennial kingdom will be characterized by Christ’s universal, absolute, and righteous rule. Physically, the curse will be lifted, resulting in abundant provision, health, and long life for all. Spiritually, knowledge of the Lord will be universal (Isa. 11:9), and the believing remnant of Israel will be saved (Zech 13:1, 8). (Luke Commentary)
MacArthur goes on to apply the words of Isaiah to individuals - Every ravine shall be filled up." That's analogous to the low things, the base things, the dark things of the heart. They have to be brought up, as it were, to the light. And then every mountain and hill is brought low. The high things of the heart, self-exaltation, self-will, self-fulfillment, all the pride has to be brought down. Then he talks about the crooked being made straight, the skolios, like scoliosis, curvature, anything perverse, twisted, deceitful, devious, lying, manipulating. All those matters straightened out. And then “the rough road smooth,” any kind of hindrance, any kind of obstacle, anything that clutters a clear and smooth path, anything that obstructs the Lord's entrance into the heart; could be self-love, apathy, indifference, lust, unbelief, etc., etc. And John then would come and he would be the voice, he would be saying, you need to do a real search of your heart. You need to reflect on your personal sin. You need to see the depth and the dark and the low and gross and base elements of your life. You need to see the height and the high things and the proud things of your heart and the perverse and crooked things and every other hindrance in your life for what it is, obstacles that prevent the King from coming into your heart. True repentance requires a complete and full admission of one's sinfulness, depth and height and length and breadth. That's essential to real repentance. Sin must be recognized and reflected upon in one's own life.(Luke 3:7-8 True Repentance: God's Highway to the Heart- 1)
Marvin Vincent on every ravine...filled...every mountain...brought low - In allusion to the practice of Eastern monarchs. On occasions of their progress, heralds were sent out to call on the people to clear and improve the old roads or to make new ones. “When Ibrahim Pacha proposed to visit certain places in Lebanon, the emirs and sheiks sent forth a general proclamation, somewhat in the style of Isaiah’s exhortation, to all the inhabitants to assemble along the proposed route and prepare the way before him. The same was done in 1845, on a grand scale, when the Sultan visited Brusa. The stones were gathered out, the crooked places straightened, and rough ones made level and smooth. I had the benefit of these labors a few days after his majesty’s visit. The exhortation ‘to gather out the stones’ (Isa. 62:10) is peculiarly appropriate. These farmers do the exact reverse—gather up the stones from their fields and cast them into the highway; and it is this barbarous custom which, in many places, renders the paths uncomfortable and even dangerous” (Thomson, “Land and Book”).
Spurgeon - Morning and Evening on Luke 3:4 - The voice crying in the wilderness demanded a way for the Lord, a way prepared, and a way prepared in the wilderness. I would be attentive to the Master's proclamation, and give him a road into my heart, cast up by gracious operations, through the desert of my nature. The four directions in the text must have my serious attention.
Every valley must be exalted. Low and grovelling thoughts of God must be given up; doubting and despairing must be removed; and self-seeking and carnal delights must be forsaken. Across these deep valleys a glorious causeway of grace must be raised.
Every mountain and hill shall be laid low. Proud creature-sufficiency, and boastful self-righteousness, must be levelled, to make a highway for the King of kings. Divine fellowship is never vouchsafed to haughty, highminded sinners. The Lord hath respect unto the lowly, and visits the contrite in heart, but the lofty are an abomination unto him. My soul, beseech the Holy Spirit to set thee right in this respect.
The crooked shall be made straight. The wavering heart must have a straight path of decision for God and holiness marked out for it. Double-minded men are strangers to the God of truth. My soul, take heed that thou be in all things honest and true, as in the sight of the heart-searching God.
The rough places shall be made smooth. Stumbling-blocks of sin must be removed, and thorns and briers of rebellion must be uprooted. So great a visitor must not find miry ways and stony places when he comes to honour his favoured ones with his company. Oh that this evening the Lord may find in my heart a highway made ready by his grace, that he may make a triumphal progress through the utmost bounds of my soul, from the beginning of this year even to the end of it.
Chuck Smith on application of "fixing the highways so the king could travel in comfort" - The preparation was the inward preparation of the hearts of the people for the coming of their king. There is a necessary preparation to meet God. Some people are very cavalier concerning God. They make reference to Him in a very irreverent way.. The man upstairs.. The big daddy in the sky.. The Bible says "Holy and reverend is His name." The Jews have such respect for His name that they will not even seek to pronounce it. In their writing today, they will not even spell God, but will write G_D. God is not your good buddy. He is holy, He is awesome, He is the Creator of the universe. He said, "Fear ye not Me, saith the Lord, will you not tremble at My presence?" The Psalmist said, "Tremble thou earth at the presence of the Lord." Again he said, "Let all the earth fear the Lord and stand in awe of Him. Under the law they were commanded to fear Jehovah Dt 6:2, 10:12, 13:4, etc. The people had not been obeying the Lord, they had not kept His statutes and commandments, they had not walked in His ways, to love and serve Him. Now He is coming to earth to walk among men, so the command goes forth from John to prepare ye the way of the Lord. Note that the command is personal. It is something that you must do. The prophet said, "Prepare to meet your God." Basically John was saying the King is on His way, prepare the way for Him. WHY IS IT NECESSARY TO PREPARE THE WAY FOR THE LORD? No man can stand before the Holy God in His sinful state without being consumed. Jesus was talking to the Pharisee's one day and He made reference to the verse in Psalm 118 concerning the Stone that the builders rejected, had become the head of the corner, He then admonished them that whoever would fall on this Stone would be broken, but upon whomsoever It shall fall, It will grind him to powder. Jesus was saying that it is better to fall on Him, than to have Him fall on you. Cast yourself on Jesus Christ today, and you will be saved. Seek to resist Him and you will be ground to powder. Their hearts were not prepared for the visitation of the righteous King. I believe that the message of John was very relevant for his time. Josephus describes the social and moral conditions of that day. He speaks of the gangs that actually ruled the streets in Jerusalem, the disregard for the rights of others. You remember that Jesus gave the parable of the man on the Jericho road that was beset by the robbers, and how no one cared for his life. They were a me first generation. They could watch a crime being committed and not move to help the victim. I believe that Billy Graham has been sort of a modern day John the Baptist in that he has been addressing the moral and social conditions of the world today, and calling on the people to "Prepare the way for the Lord." I believe that the King is on His way, that He will be coming very soon. Many of you are not prepared for His coming.. Should He come today for His church, many of you would be left to face the great tribulation. The moral conditions of the world today are much the same as they were at the time that John began his ministry. I cannot believe how relevant the message of John's is for this present time.I. HOW ARE WE TO PREPARE? Make straight His paths. John sort of repeated this when he said, "Make the crooked paths straight." Some of you are doing things that are crooked.. You have been cheating others.. You have been gaining through fraud and deceit. When the tax collectors asked John what they should do he told them not to exact more than was appointed them. You may seek to justify it in your mind, but you are a plain crook. "Every valley shall be filled." A valley is a depression in the surface of the landscape, these were to be filled. Much of our depression comes from selfishness. We are thinking too much about ourselves.. We need to be thinking more of others. Back in the days when we had Hi Y clubs on the campuses of our schools, we had to learn a poem called "others". I still remember that poem to the present day. "Lord help me live from day to day, In such a self forgetting way, That even when I kneel to pray, My prayer shall be for others. Help me in all the things I do, To ever be sincerely true, And know that the things I do, Must needs be done for others. Others Lord, yes others, Let this my motto be, Help me to live for others, That I may live for Thee." The hills were to brought low. We often hear said of a person, "He thinks he is so high and mighty, you cannot even talk to him." Isaiah 2:12 "For the LORD of hosts will have a day of reckoning Against everyone who is proud and lofty And against everyone who is lifted up, That he may be abased." We are told to humble ourselves in the sight of the Lord. The soldiers asked John what they should do, and he told them to not accuse any man falsely. Do not misuse your authority. The rough places shall be made smooth. Can you think of any rough places in your life? There is a lot of smoothing out to be done in each of us. Let us prepare our hearts for the coming of the Lord, with King David let us pray, search me O God and know my heart, try me and know my thoughts, and see if there be any wicked way in me, and lead me in the way everlasting. (Sermon Notes)
Luke 3:6 AND ALL FLESH WILL SEE THE SALVATION OF GOD.'
Lu 2:10,11,30-32 Ps 98:2,3 Isa 40:5 49:6 52:10 Mk 16:15 Ro 10:12 Ro 10:18
NET Note - A quotation from Isa 40:3–5. Though all the synoptic gospels use this citation from Isaiah, only Luke cites the material of Isa 40:5–6. His goal may well be to get to the declaration of Isa 40:6, where all humanity (i.e., all nations) see God’s salvation (see also Luke 24:47)
All flesh - This opens the offer of salvation to all men, both Jews and Gentiles alike, a truth alluded to in Lk 2:30-32-note
For my eyes have seen Your salvation, Which You have prepared in the presence of all peoples, A LIGHT OF REVELATION TO THE GENTILES, And the glory of Your people Israel.”
Flesh (4561)(sarx) in this context refers to flesh and blood mankind, humanity, human beings, men.
Here is the translation from the Hebrew text
Isaiah 40:5 Then the glory of the LORD will be revealed, And all flesh will see IT together; For the mouth of the LORD has spoken.
Luke quotes from the Septuagint translation of Isaiah 40:5 which adds the word salvation (soterion) for "IT." Cole writes "salvation explains more specifically the way in which men will see God’s glory, namely, through His saving work in Jesus Christ. God is glorified when people are reconciled to Him through the atonement Christ provided on the cross." (Sermon)
Salvation (4992) (soterios/soterion from soter = savior) is an adjective which refers to that which is pertains to the means of salvation = bringing salvation, delivering, rescuing. Soterios describes the act of delivering or saving from great danger or peril and of healing, protecting and preserving.
What does it mean to see the salvation of God? This speaks of course of the Savior, Christ Jesus, through Whom salvation would be made possible for all men. Simeon (Lk 2:25-note when he took the infant Jesus in his arms - Lk 2:27-28-note) has an excellent "commentary" on seeing the salvation of God...
For my eyes have seen Your salvation, Which You have prepared in the presence of all peoples, A LIGHT OF REVELATION TO THE GENTILES, And the glory of Your people Israel.” (Lk 2:30-32-note)
I Howard Marshall basically agrees writing "The Messianic salvation will appear in and with the coming of the Messiah [My]. What Simeon had seen in 2:30 would be seen by everyone." [NIGTC].
Bratcher says "It means that they will see how God will save them or they will see the Savior that God will send them."
Pastor Steven Cole makes 3 observations on all flesh shall see the salvation of God.
A. SALVATION IS FROM GOD.
“The salvation of God” means that God is the originator and provider of salvation. Luke has already used this particular word in 2:30, where Simeon holds the baby Jesus and proclaims, “My eyes have seen Your salvation.” What we are saved from is our sin and the impending judgment of God because of our sin. Thus a key element in salvation is the forgiveness of sins (Lk 3:3; see Luke 1:77-note). Since only God can forgive sins, and the Bible is clear that He does it only by His free grace, no man can save himself by earning it through any amount of good deeds or human merit or effort. Salvation comes totally from God who planned it before the foundation of the world, announced it through His prophets, and sent His messenger John and His Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ.
The great British preacher, Charles Spurgeon, tells of the time, just months after his conversion at age 15, when it dawned on him that his salvation was totally from God. He was sitting in church when, he says (Autobiography [Banner of Truth], 1:165),
The thought struck me, “How did you come to be a Christian?” I sought the Lord. “But how did you come to seek the Lord?” The truth flashed across my mind in a moment—I should not have sought Him unless there had been some previous influence in my mind to make me seek Him. I prayed, thought I, but then I asked myself, How came I to pray? I was induced to pray by reading the Scriptures. How came I to read the Scriptures? I did read them, but what led me to do so? Then, in a moment, I saw that God was at the bottom of it all, and that He was the Author of my faith, and so the whole doctrine of grace opened up to me, … and I desire to make this my constant confession, “I ascribe my change wholly to God.”
Writing to his father about this experience, he said, “I trust that I feel sufficiently the corruption of my own heart to know that, instead of doing one iota to forward my own salvation, my old corrupt heart would impede it, were it not that my Redeemer is mighty, and works as He pleases” (ibid., p. 115).
Salvation by man’s efforts or merits does not have the power to change the corrupt human heart. But God is mighty to save. The only message that will bring relief to this evil world is the message that salvation is from the Lord.
B. SALVATION REQUIRES FACING THE BAD NEWS ABOUT YOURSELF, THAT YOU ARE A SINNER, ALIENATED FROM THE HOLY GOD.
“John came preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.” God’s message to a lost and hurting world begins with the issue of sin. Jesus taught that when the Holy Spirit came, He would convict the world of sin, righteousness, and judgment (John 16:8). Until people are brought before God in His holiness and wrath against all sin, they do not realize their desperate situation. They justify themselves by comparing themselves with others, and they think that God will be tolerant on the day of judgment. So they assume that all will be okay on that day.
In a great section in his Institutes of the Christian Religion ([Westminster Press], 3.12.1), John Calvin argues that we can never be justified before God by our own good works. He points out that before we compare ourselves with one another and so acquit ourselves, we need to remember that we will one day stand, not before a human court, but before God’s heavenly court. He asks:
How shall we reply to the Heavenly Judge when he calls us to account? Let us envisage for ourselves that Judge, not as our minds naturally imagine him, but as he is depicted for us in Scripture: by whose brightness the stars are darkened [Job 3:9]; by whose strength the mountains are melted; by whose wrath the earth is shaken [cf. Job 9:5-6]; whose wisdom catches the wise in their craftiness [Job xamine the deeds of men: Who will stand confident before his throne?
Luke’s quote from Isaiah 40:3-5 shows us in figurative language the problem that sinful human hearts have in receiving the King of kings and His salvation. Isaiah pictures the scene when a king announced that he would visit a remote village. The rocky, twisted, up-and-down mountain trail was good enough for the villagers, but it was not suitable for the king. The village needed to get a road crew out there to straighten out the path, to fill in the ravines and level the mountains in the way, to remove the rocks and fill in the potholes, so that the king had a smooth, straight road for his arrival.
It’s a spiritual picture. If we just have to do with one another, we can tolerate the twisted, rocky, potholed ways of our heart. But if the King of Glory is coming, we’re in big trouble! Our hearts are full of ravines of sin and impurity. There are mountains of pride and self-righteousness in the way. We walk the crooked paths of deceit and falsehood. There are the rough, rocky, and potholed roads of greed, jealousy, self-will, blame, and disobedience. The King doesn’t travel on those kinds of roads!
Don’t misapply the analogy. It is not teaching that you must remove every trace of sin and corruption before you can receive the King into your life. That would be impossible! But the Holy Spirit must convict you of the awful sinfulness of your heart, so that you recognize your desperate need for God’s salvation. You must face the bad news about yourself as a sinner before you can welcome God’s gracious salvation.
C. SALVATION PROMISES THE GOOD NEWS, THAT IF YOU WILL REPENT AND BELIEVE IN CHRIST, GOD WILL FORGIVE ALL YOUR SINS.
Repentance and faith are often linked in Scripture and are the flip sides of the same coin. Repentance has the main idea of turning (Luke 1:16, 17-note) or changing one’s thinking and behavior. It involves recognizing our sin and alienation from God so that, rather than continuing in the same direction of self-will and disobedience, we turn back to God and appeal to His mercy. Faith is the hand that receives God’s mercy or grace. Faith lays hold of Jesus Christ as the perfect Substitute who died for our sins. Forgiveness means that God releases us from the penalty of our sins because His Son Jesus bore that penalty for us, and we are trusting in Him. Thus in summarizing the gospel message to the disciples after the resurrection, Jesus said, “Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and rise again from the dead the third day; and that repentance for forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in His name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem” (Luke 24:46, 47-note).
Repentance and faith are not something you must do to earn salvation. The shed blood of Christ merited salvation for every sinner who will lay hold of Him. Repentance and faith are God’s gracious gifts that enable us to receive His mercy. J. C. Ryle explains,
There is nothing meritorious in this. It forms no part whatever of the price of our redemption. Our salvation is all of grace, from first to last. But the great fact still remains, that saved souls are always penitent souls, and that saving faith in Christ, and true repentance toward God, are never found asunder (Expository Thoughts on the Gospels).
The Scriptures instruct the person who has repented and believed in Jesus Christ to confess that faith in water baptism. John’s baptism was a unique rite that pointed people ahead to the promised Messiah. It pictured God’s washing or purification from sins, but it was not complete apart from what Messiah would do in offering Himself as the Lamb of God, the perfect sin-bearer. That is why, when Paul later found some disciples of John in Ephesus, who did not know about Jesus Christ, when they believed he baptized them in the name of the Lord Jesus (Acts 19:1-6).
For those who have believed in Christ, baptism is a public confession that symbolizes what Jesus Christ has done spiritually for the one who has believed. He has washed us from all of our sins and He has identified us totally with His death, burial, and resurrection to new life. Since the word “baptism” means dipping, and since going completely under the water best pictures what baptism means, immersion is the best mode of baptism. If you look up every occurrence of “baptism” in the New Testament, you will find that it always has reference to believers, and never to infants who cannot yet believe. If you have believed in Christ and know that He has forgiven your sins by His grace, you should be baptized in obedience to His command (Mt. 28:19-note).
Conclusion - In the early 18th century, England was infected with a plague of materialism. The gap between the rich and poor was widening, but moral degeneracy marked every level of society. The Prime Minister, Robert Walpole, led an openly immoral life and often made fun of virtue. Moral laxity pervaded the nation. Drunkenness, gambling, and cruel amusements were an obsession. Crime was rampant, and criminal law was unfair and barbarous, making criminals only more desperate. The Church of England had, for the most part, ceased to be a vital force. Many ridiculed and railed at the Christian faith without reserve (these conditions summarized from A. Skevington Wood, The Inextinguishable Blaze: Spiritual Renewal and Advance in the Eighteenth Century - Advance of Christianity Through the Centuries [Eerdmans], pp. 9-16).
God broke into this dismal and seemingly hopeless situation by saving a young man, George Whitefield, who had been raised in his mother’s inn and tavern. His friends, John Wesley and Charles Wesley, also were saved out of their legalistic religion to a living faith in the Redeemer. Through these men, the good news of God’s salvation spread to that decadent society and saved it from the brink of anarchy and revolution. In his biography of Whitefield, Arnold Dallimore observes (George Whitefield [Cornerstone Books], 1:25),
We shall need to remember that it was among a people broken by gin that Whitefield and the Wesleys went about in the nobility of their ministries and that there was triumphant meaning to Charles Wesley’s lines on the deliverance effected by the Gospel:
Hear Him, ye deaf! His praise ye dumb,
Your loosened tongues employ;
Ye blind, behold your Savior come,
And leap ye lame for joy!
He breaks the power of cancelled sin,
He sets the prisoner free!
His blood can make the foulest clean,
His blood availed for me!
That same liberating, powerful message is what we need for our dismal, spiritually dark times. Let’s believe it, live it, proclaim it, and pray that God would break through in our day with His powerful Word of salvation! (Good News for Bad Times Luke 3:1-6)
Luke 3:7 So he began saying to the crowds who were going out to be baptized by him, "You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come
Brood: Ge 3:15 Ps 58:4,5 Isa 59:5 Mt 3:7-10 23:33 Joh 8:44 Ac 13:10 1Jn 3:8
Flee: 1Th 1:10 Heb 6:18
Luke 3:7-14 False and True Repentance- Steven Cole
Luke 3:7-8 True Repentance: God's Highway to the Heart- 1 - John MacArthur
JOHN BEGINS WITH WARNING
CONCERNING THE WRATH OF GOD
Steven Cole is correct when he notes that "The theme of 3:7-9 is clearly that of warning."
Matthew and Mark record a parallel pericope account of John's scathing denunciation of hypocritical seekers and somber warning...
But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming for baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? 8 “Therefore bear (aorist imperative) fruit in keeping with repentance; 9 and do not suppose that you can say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham for our father’; for I say to you that from these stones God is able to raise up children to Abraham (cf. John 8:37–40). 10 “The axe is already laid at the root of the trees; therefore every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. 11 “As for me, I baptize you with water for repentance, but He who is coming after me is mightier than I, and I am not fit to remove His sandals; He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. 12 “His winnowing fork is in His hand, and He will thoroughly clear His threshing floor; and He will gather His wheat into the barn, but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.” (Matt. 3:7-12)
And he was preaching, and saying, “After me One is coming who is mightier than I, and I am not fit to stoop down and untie the thong of His sandals. 8 “I baptized you with water; but He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit.” (Mk 1:7-8)
So he began saying - What follows in Lk 3:7-17 is a sampling of John's powerful "in your face" preaching, day after day, as crowds came to hear him. Luke than says "So with many other exhortations he preached the gospel to the people." (Lk 3:18). And so we see John the Baptist preparing the way for the Messiah Who would arrive on the scene in about 6 months.
Luke 3:7-20 focuses on the preaching of John and his proclamation of "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.” (Mt 3:3). The essence of John's message was to call the people to genuine repentance.
Spurgeon - Does not John the Baptist speak like Elijah? Here are no honeyed phrases to delight the popular ear. The prophet of the wilderness talks like one who is all on fire with zeal for God, and indignation against evil.
You brood of vipers ("slithering snakes") - John would definitely not have been a pastoral candidate at a "seeker friendly" church! He was not catering to those with “itching ears,” merely teaching what people would like to hear (2 Ti 4:3-note). Notice that here he is speaking not just to the Pharisees but to the crowds, calling them offspring of vipers. The first "serpent" was Satan (Ge 3:1-note, Rev 12:9-note) and clearly the implication is that he was their father even as Jesus had declared to the Jews in John 8:44...
“You are of your father the devil, and you want to do the desires of your father. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth because there is no truth in him. Whenever he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own nature, for he is a liar and the father of lies.
MacArthur writes about the crowd coming to be baptized that "They were the children of Satan. He is pointing out their superficiality. He says, your repentance is superficial because your true nature is vicious, your true nature is of the serpent, your true nature is poisonous, your true nature is hostile, your true nature is deadly, particularly the Pharisees and Sadducees who paraded themselves as if they represented God and they were just biting the people and filling them with poison....He is saying to them, it doesn't do you any good to scramble around like snakes in front of a brush fire if you don't change your nature. Who told you you could escape the wrath by just coming down here and getting baptized?" (True Repentance).
Constable - John sensed that their reason for coming to him was just their safety, not genuine repentance. Righteous behavior would demonstrate true repentance.
Bible Background Commentary - Vipers (e.g., the Nicander’s viper) were commonly believed to eat their way out of their mother’s womb; thus John’s calling the crowd “viper’s offspring” was even nastier than calling them “vipers.” Serpents would flee a burning field.
Brood (KJV - "generation")(1081)(gennema from gennáo = to give birth to, beget, involving generation from gínomai = to become) is the product of the activity expressed by gennao and thus means that which is born or produced.
Friberg on gennema - what is produced or born; of man offspring, child; plural, of vipers brood; used metaphorically of a kind or class of person, ungodly and rebellious toward God (Mt 12.34)
The identical phrase You brood of vipers occurs 4 times in the NT (ALL USES OF GENNEMA), here at the beginning of his ministry by John and 3 more times in Matthew once by John and 2 times at the end of Jesus' ministry...
Matthew 3:7 (John) But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming for baptism, he said to them, "You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?
Matthew 12:34 (Jesus) "You brood of vipers, how can you, being evil, speak what is good? For the mouth speaks out of that which fills the heart.
Matthew 23:33 (Jesus) "You serpents, you brood of vipers, how will you escape the sentence of hell?
Neither the messages of John the Baptist nor of Jesus had any positive effect on the Pharisees and Sadducees (did not make the "crooked...straight" or the "rough roads smooth." Lk 3:5) but served only to harden their hearts and stiffen their unbelief and their opposition to the Good News and to God’s righteous messengers. Beloved, times have not changed, so do not be surprised when hearts become hardened and necks stiffened as they hear you proclaim the Gospel! You are in good company with John the Baptist and Jesus (cf 1 Th 1:6-note)
NOTE: Strong’s Dictionary does not make the distinction between génnema (1081), offspring, and génema, fruit, produce, which results in great confusion. Genema means product, fruit, yield of plants lit. Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25; Lk 12:18; 22:18; figuratively as the result of giving generously 2 Cor 9:10.
Vipers (2191)(echidna) was an adder or other poisonous snake. Four times echidna is used as a figurative description of the Pharisees (and all the crowd in Lk 3:7!) and once of a literal viper (Matt. 3:7; 12:34; 23:33; Lk. 3:7; Acts 28:3. No uses in Lxx) Echidna referred to small poisonous snakes that lived primarily in the desert regions of Palestine and other parts of the eastern Mediterranean. Because they looked like a dried twig when they were still, a person collecting wood for a fire would often pick one up inadvertently and be bitten, as happened to Paul on the island of Malta. That particular viper was deadly, and when Paul suffered no harm from the bite, the superstitious islanders thought he was a god (Acts 28:3, 6). Vipers therefore had the understandable reputation for being both deadly and deceitful.
John MacArthur notes that "John’s message stands in sharp contrast to the “cheap grace” and “easy-believism” that characterizes much watered-down contemporary preaching. Such deficient preaching strips the gospel of its warning that sinners have violated God’s law and face His wrath and judgment in eternal hell unless they repent. The predictable result of a shallow, superficial gospel presentation devoid of a biblical call to repentance is a shallow, superficial, nonsaving response. As a result, churches are filled with many who profess to know Jesus Christ, but since they have never repented the Lord will say to them, “I never knew you; depart from Me, you who practice lawlessness” (Matt. 7:23). Although they imagine themselves to be on the narrow way that leads to eternal life, they are in reality on the broad way that leads to eternal destruction (Mt 7:13–14; cf. 25:12; Acts 8:13, 18–23; 2 Tim. 3:5; Titus 1:16)." (Luke Commentary)
ESV Study Bible note on vipers - A general term for any of a number of poisonous snakes in Israel, showing that the people had become the seed of the Serpent (Ge 3:15-note)
NET Note on who warned you to flee - The rebuke “Who warned you to flee …?” compares the crowd to snakes who flee their desert holes when the heat of a fire drives them out.
MacArthur - The Jews hoped to gain right standing before God through their own self-righteous achievements. Keeping the Sabbath, celebrating the annual feasts, offering formal prayers, giving alms to the poor, and observing the law (at least externally), was the essence of their religion. Thus it was natural for them to see John’s baptism as just another ritual to perform. But that legalistic, external approach was antithetical to true repentance, and John boldly confronted them.
J C Ryle on you brood of vipers - We should first mark the holy boldness with which John addresses the multitudes who came to his baptism. He speaks to them as "a generation of vipers." He saw the rottenness and hypocrisy of the profession that the crowd around him were making, and uses language descriptive of their case. His head was not turned by popularity. He cared not who was offended by his words. The spiritual disease of those before him was desperate, and of long standing, and he knew that desperate diseases need strong remedies. Well would it be for the Church of Christ, if it possessed more plain-speaking ministers, like John the Baptist, in these latter days. A morbid dislike to strong language — an excessive fear of giving offence — a constant flinching from directness and plain speaking, are, unhappily, too much the characteristics of the modern Christian pulpit. Uncharitable language is no doubt always to be deprecated. But there is no charity in flattering unconverted people, by abstaining from any mention of their vices, or in applying smooth epithets to damnable sins. There are two texts which are too much forgotten by Christian preachers. In one it is written, "Woe unto you when all men shall speak well of you." In the other it is written, "Obviously, I'm not trying to be a people pleaser! No, I am trying to please God. If I were still trying to please people, I would not be Christ's servant." (Luke 6:26; Gal. 1:10.)
John emphasizes the coming wrath of God, a truth which should motivate a fear in every human heart and in turn a fear that should motivate a desire for genuine repentance.
Warned (5263)(hupodeiknumi from hupo = under + deiknumi = to show) properly to show by placing under (i.e. before) the eyes. Other writings give hupo in this compound the force of `privily' thus giving the literal sense to show secretly, to give a glimpse of and so to intimate or to suggest. The word implies a private or confidential hint or reminder. Figuratively (with the dative of person) it means to show or to make known or to point out (Lk 6.47; Acts 9.16). Here in Lik 3:7 it is used in the negative sense meaning to warn. (See another study of hupodeiknumi).
Robertson - The verb is like our “suggest” by proof to eye, ear, or brain (Luke 6:47; 12:5; Acts 9:16; 20:35; Matt. 3:7).
Thayer adds " to show by words and arguments, i. e. to teach (Lxx 2 Chr. 15:3) (A. V. frequently, to warn): tini (someone), followed by an infinitive of the thing, Mt. 3:7; Lk 3:7; to teach by the use of a figure, tini, followed by indirect discourse, Lk 6:47; 12:5; to show or teach by one's example, followed by hoti, Acts 20:35; to allow i.e. make known (future things), followed by indirect discourse Acts 9:16."
BDAG - (1) to direct someone’s attention to something (as she pointed in the wrong direction. Also of visions granted martyrs to whom the Lord has shown the eternal blessings that no earthly eye can behold, pass. MPol 2:3) (2) to give instruction or moral direction
Liddell-Scott - to shew secretly, Hdt.; having given a glimpse of happiness, to make a shew of virtue, Thuc. 2. absol. to indicate one's will, Xen. II. to shew by tracing out, mark out, Hdt.: absol. to set a pattern, Xen. 2. generally, to teach indirectly or by indication, Isocr.
Gilbrant - Classical Greek - This verb is composed of the preposition hupo, “under,” and deiknumi, “show, make known, explain, prove.” Classical Greek writings reveal numerous examples of the use of this word: to show by tracing out, to set a pattern or example, to teach, to indicate, to give a glimpse of, to indicate one’s will, intimate, lay out information, report, bring to the notice of, produce evidence, etc. (see Liddell-Scott and Moulton-Milligan). Septuagint Usage - In Esther the verb indicates Queen Esther had kept her nationality secret (Esther 2:10,20); she did not reveal it. The queen’s uncle, Mordecai, made known that he resisted the king’s command because he was a Jew. (Complete Biblical Library Greek-English Dictionary)
Hupodeiknumi - 6x in 6v - Usage: show(2), showed(1), warn(1), warned(2).
Matthew 3:7 But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming for baptism, he said to them, "You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?
Luke 3:7 So he began saying to the crowds who were going out to be baptized by him, "You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?
Luke 6:47 "Everyone who comes to Me and hears My words and acts on them, I will show you whom he is like:
Luke 12:5 "But I will warn you whom to fear: fear the One who, after He has killed, has authority to cast into hell; yes, I tell you, fear Him!
Acts 9:16 for I will show him how much he must suffer for My name's sake."
Acts 20:35 "In everything I showed you that by working hard in this manner you must help the weak and remember the words of the Lord Jesus, that He Himself said, 'It is more blessed to give than to receive.'"
Hupodeiknumi - 24x in 23v in the Septuagint - 1 Chr. 28:18; 2 Chr. 15:3; 2 Chr. 20:2; Est. 1:1; Est. 2:10; Est. 2:20; Est. 3:4; Est. 4:7; Est. 5:11; Est. 8:1; Jer. 31:19; Dan. 2:17; Dan. 4:1; Dan. 4:8; Dan. 5:7; Dan. 5:9; Dan. 5:12; Dan. 5:16; Dan. 9:22; Dan. 9:23; Dan. 10:14; Dan. 10:21; Dan. 11:2
The wrath to come - Literally "the (present tense - continually) coming wrath." The present tense is used in a proleptic sense for so certain is the wrath of God to one day in the future come to pass. This phrase is reminiscent of Romans 1:18 where Paul writes that "For the wrath of God is (present tense - continually being) revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness." When God's wrath comes there will be no place for "vipers" to hide! The only solution is to "hide" in Christ, believing in His deliverance from so great a wrath to come by so great a salvation (Heb 2:3). Given the destruction of Jerusalem this could be taken as a warning of what was coming in A D 70, but in context of repentance and forgiveness surely looks past that wrath to the final wrath of God when those whose name is not found written in the Book of Life are thrown into the Lake of Fire. (cf Rev 20:10-note and Rev 20:11-15-note)
Wrath (3709)(orge from orgaô = to teem, to swell) conveys the picture of a swelling which eventually bursts, and thus describes an anger that proceeds from one’s settled nature. Orge does not refer to uncontrollable anger to which men are so prone but to God's settled indignation and controlled passionate hostile feeling toward sin in all its various manifestations. Settled indignation means that God’s holiness cannot and will not coexist with sin in any form whatsoever. Orge is not the momentary, emotional, and often uncontrolled anger (thumos - 2372) to which human beings are prone. Orge is used primarily of God's holy, righteous wrath but occasionally refers to the wrath of men (see Ephesians 4:31-note)
Orge refers to to an inner, deep resentment that seethes and smolders. Orge as used of God refers to His constant and controlled indignation toward sin, while thumos (which originally referred to violent movements of air, water, etc., and consequently came to mean “well up” or “boil up”) refers more to a passionate outburst of rage. Thumos type anger represents an agitated, vehement anger that rushes along relentlessly. The root meaning has to do with moving rapidly and was used of a man’s breathing violently while pursuing an enemy in great rage!
Orge is God’s settled opposition to and displeasure with sin
God’s wrath is his holy hatred of all that is unholy. It is His righteous indignation at everything that is unrighteous. It is the temper of God towards sin. It is not God's uncontrollable rage, vindictive bitterness or a losing of His temper, but the wrath of righteous reason and holy law.
J C Ryle on the wrath to come - We should mark, secondly, how plainly John speaks to his hearers about hell and danger. He tells them that there is a "wrath to come." He speaks of "the ax" of God's judgments, and of unfruitful trees being cast into "the fire." The subject of HELL is always offensive to human nature. The minister who dwells much upon it, must expect to find himself regarded as barbaric, violent, unfeeling, and narrow-minded. Men love to hear "smooth things," and to be told of peace, and not of danger. (Isaiah. 30:10.) But the subject is one that ought not to be kept back, if we desire to do good to souls. It is one that our Lord Jesus Christ brought forward frequently in His public teachings. That loving Savior, who spoke so graciously of the way to heaven, has also used the plainest language about the way to hell. Let us beware of being wise above that which is written, and more charitable than Scripture itself. Let the language of John the Baptist be deeply engraved in our hearts. Let us never be ashamed to avow our firm belief, that there is a "wrath to come" for the impenitent, and that it is possible for a man to be lost as well as to be saved. To be silent on the subject is dreadful treachery to men's souls. It only encourages them to persevere in wickedness, and fosters in their minds the devil's old delusion, "You shall not surely die." That minister is surely our best friend who tells us honestly of danger, and warns us, like John the Baptist, to "flee from the wrath to come." Never will a man flee until he sees there is real cause to be afraid. Never will he seek heaven until be is convinced that there is risk of his falling into hell. The religion in which there is no mention of hell, is not the religion of John the Baptist, and of our Lord Jesus, and His apostles.
Luke 3:7-14 The Gift of Giving -
Each of you should give what you have decided in your heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion. 2 Corinthians 9:7
A pastor breathed life into the phrase “He’d give you the shirt off his back” when he gave this unsettling challenge to his church: “What would happen if we took the coats off our backs and gave them to the needy?” Then he took his own coat and laid it at the front of the church. Dozens of others followed his example. This was during the winter, so the trip home was less comfortable that day. But for dozens of people in need, the season warmed up just a bit.
When John the Baptist roamed the Judean wilderness, he had a stern warning for the crowd that came to hear him. “You brood of vipers!” he said. “Produce fruit in keeping with repentance” (Luke 3:7–8). Startled, they asked him, “What should we do then?” He responded with this advice: “Anyone who has two shirts should share with the one who has none, and anyone who has food should do the same” (vv. 10–11). True repentance produces a generous heart.
Lord, show us what we have that we might use to bless someone else today.
Because “God loves a person who gives cheerfully” (nlt), giving should never be guilt-based or pressured (2 Cor. 9:7). But when we give freely and generously, we find that it truly is more blessed to give than to receive.
Lord, thank You for the many ways You bless us. Forgive us for so often taking Your goodness for granted. Show us what we have that we might use to bless someone else today.
Whoever refreshes others will be refreshed. Proverbs 11:25
INSIGHT: God reveals His compassion for the poor throughout the Scriptures. In Psalm 72:13, we read, “He will take pity on the weak and the needy and save the needy from death.” The people were to join with God in bringing His compassion to the poor. In the New Testament, Jesus repeatedly expresses the Father’s concern for the poor by portraying them as accepted by the Father (Mark 12:42; Luke 16:20) and stating that His messianic mission, in part, was confirmed by His ministry to the poor (Matt. 11:4–5). Paul picks up the baton of this challenge by commending the churches of Macedonia and Achaia for their financial support of the poor in Jerusalem (Rom. 15:26), while James warns that the poor must not be disregarded because of their socioeconomic status (James 2:2–6).
If our God and His Son are this concerned for the poor, how can we represent that love by caring for those in need?
By Tim Gustafson
Luke 3:8 "Therefore bear fruits in keeping with repentance, and do not begin to say to yourselves, 'We have Abraham for our father,' for I say to you that from these stones God is able to raise up children to Abraham.
Fruits: Isa 1:16-18 Eze 18:27-31 Ac 26:20 2Co 7:10,11 Ga 5:22-24 Php 1:11 Heb 6:7,8
We: Lu 13:28,29 16:23-31 Isa 48:1,2 Jer 7:4-10 Joh 8:33 Ro 4:16 9:7
These stones: Lu 19:40 Jos 4:3-8 Mt 8:11,12 21:43 Ga 3:28,29
ONE'S LIFE PROVES WHETHER
REPENTANCE IS TRUE OR FALSE!
Therefore - A term of conclusion. What is being concluded? John had preached a baptism of repentance (Lk 3:3), so the "snakes" came running to be baptized by John. But for their act of "baptism" and their repentance to be shown genuine, it had to be accompanied by spiritual fruit. No fruit meant no "root" and that they "baptism of repentance" was a shallow sham. Real repentance is not a feeling but an action. For their "baptism of repentance" to be shown rule called for a change in direction of their life (~ "fruit"), not just a sorrow in their heart (and not just a fear of the fire prompting them to go to John for a "fire insurance policy!") Such a policy would be null and void with a change in their heart manifest by spiritual fruit reflecting a genuine change.
John MacArthur rightly remarks that "in spite of being baptized by John, the people ultimately rejected (the Messiah). In light of the ever-present danger of false repentance, it is crucial to be able to distinguish it from true repentance. Six progressive marks of true repentance emerge from this passage as necessary. (1) True repenters must reflect on personal sin, (2) recognize divine wrath, (3) reject religious ritual, (4) reveal spiritual transformation, (5) renounce ancestry, and (6) receive the Messiah. (I encourage you to read the following sermons by Dr MacArthur for a detailed discussion of the vitally important topic of True Repentance)
MacArthur - There was nothing about John's message that was easy. There was nothing about John's message that was warm and fuzzy. It was harsh, it was strong. It was confrontational. It was devastating because John understood how prone the sinner is to a shallow, superficial repentance that does not save.
Luke 3:7-8 True Repentance: God's Highway to the Heart- 1
Luke 3:8-14 True Repentance: God's Highway to the Heart- 2
Luke 3:15-17 True Repentance: God's Highway to the Heart- 3
Bear fruits in keeping with repentance - Bear is a command in the aorist imperative meaning "Do this now!", "Don't delay". The aorist imperative can convey a sense of urgency! Indeed when one hears the good news of the availability of the forgiveness of sins it is imperative that they respond ASAP (As Soon As Possible). They are not assured that they will ever have another opportunity (cf 1 Cor 6:2). Luke is saying simply that fruit bearing will validate heart believing. Anyone who was coming to be baptized by John thinking the act of baptism would insure forgiveness of sins was tragically mistaken!
Spurgeon - John was wonderfully practical in his advocacy of a holy charity and benevolence. His words cut against all greed, all hoarding, all hardening of the heart towards our fellow men.
The word in keeping is the adjective áxios which strictly speaking means “bringing into balance” hence describes that which is fitting in the sense that it corresponds to what should be expected. In this case fruit (Spirit wrought good works) serve to authenticate the genuineness of one's repentance. One way to depict the meaning of axios is to draw out a scale as shown below. The fruit should "balance" the "repentance." No fruit, no repentance.
Repentance.....................................................Fruit
There are some in "evangelicalism" who teach that repentance is only a change of mind. The problem with this definition is that has nothing to do with one’s real attitude toward sin and does not necessarily result in any change in lifestyle.
Do not begin to say to yourselves, 'We have Abraham for our father' For I say to you that from these stones God is able to raise up children to Abraham (cf Lk 19:40) - By introducing Abraham into this discussion on repentance and God's wrath, John anticipates the excuse that his Jewish audience would raise, that they were exempt from God’s judgment because they were children of Abraham which is exactly the (false) reasoning the Jews used in their discussion with Jesus of genuine belief in John 8:39, 53. Lk 3:8 is a clear warning by John that there is such a thing as a false (so called "superficial") repentance which is really no repentance in the sight of God and as such would not deliver one from the impending wrath of God. As an aside while the Jews did not inherit saving faith from Abraham, they did inherit their sin propensity from Abraham (cf Ro 5:12-note!
When the Jews responded to Jesus claiming Abraham as their father, notice that Jesus in essence told them if that is the case, then bring forth fruit in keeping with their profession of "paternal possession"...
They (the Jews) answered and said to Him, “Abraham is our father.” Jesus *said to them, “If you are Abraham’s children, do (imperfect tense - again and again, over and over do) the deeds of Abraham (cf "fruit in keeping with repentance"). (John 8:39)
Paul taught the same truth in Romans...
For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly (physically, by Jewish ancestry they could trace back to Abraham), nor is circumcision (the physical ritual) that which is outward (external) in the flesh. 29 But he is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that which is of the heart (spiritual circumcision cf Col 2:11-14-note), by the Spirit, not by the letter (by keeping the law or doing "meritorious" works); and his praise is not from men, but from God. (Romans 2:28-29-note)
No fruit means no root, like the men in Titus 1:16-note "They profess to know God, but by their deeds ("bad fruit!") they deny Him, being detestable and disobedient and worthless for any good deed."
Jesus warned his Jewish hearers that if they did not not enter the Kingdom of God through Him, that one day in the future the Lord would say...
“I tell you, I do not know where you are from; depart from me, all you evildoers.” In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but yourselves being thrown out. (Luke 13:27, 28)
Finally the rich man who was in hell was not delivered out by claiming Abraham as his father (Luke 16:24–26).
From these stones - If God chose, He could make children of Abraham out of rocks!
IVP Bible Background Commentary - The idea of raising people from stones appears in Greek mythology. Some scholars have suggested that John makes a wordplay between the Aramaic words for “children” and “stones.”
MacArthur on from these stones - The imagery may echo OT verses such as Ezekiel 11:19-note; Ezekiel 36:26-note; God can sovereignly turn a heart of stone into a believing heart. He can raise up children to Abraham from inanimate objects if He chooses—or even from stony-hearted Gentiles (cf. Gal 3:29-note). Abraham’s true children are not merely physical descendants, but those who follow his faith, believing God’s Word the way he did (Ro 4:11–16; Ro 9:8; Gal 3:7, Ge 15:16-note). To trust one’s physical ancestry is to shift the focus of faith away from God Himself—and that is spiritually fatal (cf. Jn 8:39–44).
This principle can be applied to those in America who are raised in strong Christian homes. In other words don't fall into the trap of self-deception that one is born again just by virtue of the fact that he or she has "spiritual parents" (like Abraham). Faith of believing parents is not inherited. One does come a member of God’s family by natural paternal descent but by a supernatural personal decision.
POSB - Many of the people believed they were acceptable to God simply because they were Jews, that is, because they were children of Abraham and of godly forefathers. Many felt acceptable to God because they had undergone a religious ritual, that of circumcision. They felt the righteousness of their fathers had saved them. How they lived mattered little. They were saved because they were special—special enough to be acceptable to God. Most people are prideful. They feel they are special enough to be acceptable to God, that God would never reject them. They feel acceptable because they...
• have godly parents.
• have been baptized.
• are not too bad
• are good enough…
• are blessed with so much.
• are somewhat religious
• are members of a church.
• are regular worshippers.
(Preacher's Outline and Sermon Bible)
Trites and Larkin - John the Baptist was...earnestly calling for a radical reorientation of life to God: “Prove by the way you live that you have repented of your sins and turned to God” (Lk 3:8; cf. Matt 3:8). Pious words or professions of faith were not enough. Simply claiming to be descendants of Abraham proved nothing. God was the God of miracles; he could change stones into children of Abraham. In view of the imminent threat of divine judgment, a thorough “change of mind” (that is, repentance: metanoia) was called for, and there was not a moment to spare (Lk 3:3, 8; cf. 5:32). Repentance was a costly thing to be thoughtfully considered, and it was an essential feature of the preaching of John, Jesus, and the early church (Lk 5:32; 10:13; 24:47; Acts 5:31; 11:18; 13:24; 20:21; 26:20). Failure to repent invited catastrophe: “Every tree that does not produce good fruit will be chopped down and thrown into the fire” (Lk 3:9; cf. Matt 3:9). The privilege of Jewish heritage was plainly not enough. The prophet demanded a strong sense of social responsibility to avert the possibility of a terrible judgment that would “sever” their roots (Lk 3:9). John’s message was drastic and clearly offensive to many Jewish traditionalists who thought they were good enough—just as many churchgoers do today! (Cornerstone Biblical Commentary – Volume 12: Luke and Acts)
Luke 3:9 "Indeed the axe is already laid at the root of the trees; so every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire."
Lu 13:7,9 23:29-31 Isa 10:33,34 Eze 15:2-4 31:18 Da 4:14,23 Mt 3:10 7:19 Joh 15:6 Heb 10:28 12:29
Luke 3:8-14 True Repentance: God's Highway to the Heart- 2 - John MacArthur
NET Even now the ax is laid at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire."
KJV And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: every tree therefore which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.
ESV Even now the axe is laid to the root of the trees. Every tree therefore that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire."
NLT Even now the ax of God's judgment is poised, ready to sever the roots of the trees. Yes, every tree that does not produce good fruit will be chopped down and thrown into the fire."
CSB Even now the ax is ready to strike the root of the trees! Therefore every tree that doesn't produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire."
TIMMINENCY OF JUDGMENT AND
URGENCY OF THE WARNING
Indeed...already - ("Even now" - ESV, NET) - This connects verse 9 with John's urgent call to bear true fruit (Lk 3:8) in light of the somber warning in Lk 3:7, and speaks of the imminency (imminence speaks of something "jutting out or overhanging"!) of this coming judgment ("overhanging" their heads so to speak!). The ESV Study Bible note says "The kingdom of God is not a remote future event but was revealed in a new and decisive way in the ministry of Jesus, for which John the Baptist was preparing the way. "
Jesus used the same graphic imagery to depict judgment in Matthew 7:19-note.
“Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire."
Indeed the axe is already laid at the root of the trees - (‘the ax is ready to cut the trees down at their roots’) God is the Divine Woodman! Judgment is close, one axe blow away! (cf Lk 13:6-9) John is boldly explaining what would happen if their repentance was not accompanied by good works. He paints for them a clear picture they can understand -- it is the portrait of a tree which is alive but which is about to have its life-giving roots cut, clearly killing the tree. By describing the use of an ax John's suggest sudden, catastophic judgment for one who is unrepentant and unfruitful.
POSB - There are many trees: some lofty (the proud), some stately (leaders), some diseased, some bearing good fruit, some bearing bad fruit, and some bearing no fruit at all. All trees that do not bear good fruit will be cut down and cast into the fire. See Heb 6:8, Ro 3:21-23, 1 Pe 4:17-18, Rev. 21:8. (Preacher's Outline and Sermon Bible - Commentary)
Wiersbe - John reminded them that God gets to the root of things and is not impressed with religious profession that does not produce fruit. In the last judgment, the true believers (wheat) will be gathered by God, while the lost sinners (chaff) will be burned in the fire. (Bible Exposition Commentary)
So every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire - Every tree suggests individual judgment. Repentance that does not bring forth good fruits is a false repentance and if never "repented of" (so to speak) and replaced by genuine repentance, and such a spurious repentance will take one straight to the fire of hell. God is about to swing the ax! Bad trees would be easily recognized by bad fruit (or no fruit) and would be cut down and thrown into “the eternal fire which has been prepared for the devil and his angels” (Mt. 25:41; cf Mt 18:8; Jude 1:6–7-note). A few decades later in A D 70, the ax fell on Jerusalem and thousands of Jews died by famine or sword. This was a foreshadowing of the divine judgment that would fall on all Jews and Gentiles who refuse to repent and believe in Messiah (cf. Joel 3:1–2, 12–14; Zeph. 3:8).
The Jews would have been familiar with John's image from the words of their last prophet (the one who preceded John). Thus Malachi wrote
“Behold, I am going to send My messenger (John the Baptist), and he will clear the way before Me. And the Lord (the Messiah), Whom you seek, will suddenly come to His temple; and the Messenger of the covenant (MESSIAH), in Whom you delight, behold, He is coming,” says the LORD of hosts. “But who can endure the day of His coming? And who can stand when He appears? For He is like a refiner’s fire and like fullers’ soap. 3 “He will sit as a smelter and purifier of silver, and He will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver, so that they may present to the LORD offerings in righteousness (the final and full fulfillment of this prophecy is at the end of this age and the dawn of the New Age, the Millennium! ). (Malachi 3:1-3-note)
Then in Malachi 4 the prophet prophesies of the future wrath of God...
“For behold, the day is coming, burning like a furnace; and all the arrogant and every evildoer will be chaff; and the day that is coming will set them ablaze,” says the LORD of hosts, “so that it will leave them neither root nor branch.” 2 “But for you who fear My name, the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its wings; and you will go forth and skip about like calves from the stall (Malachi 4:1-2-note)
Malachi ends which prediction of the coming fo a great and terrible day...
“Behold, I am going to send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and terrible day of the LORD. 6 “He will restore the hearts of the fathers to their children and the hearts of the children to their fathers, so that I will not come and smite the land with a curse.” (Malachi 4:5-6-note)
So here John just picks up where the last prophet Malachi left off declaring a similar message that every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire.".
NET Note on thrown into the fire - The image of "fire" serves to further heighten the intensity of the judgment referred to. It is John's way of summoning all people to return to God with all their heart and avoid his unquenchable wrath soon to be poured out. John's language and imagery is probably ultimately drawn from the OT where Israel is referred to as a fruitless vine (Hos 10:1–2; Jer 2:21–22) and the image of an "ax" is used to indicate God's judgment (Ps 74:5–6; Jer 46:22).
NET Note on thrown - the present tense has futuristic force here. (Ed: The present tense is used in a proleptic sense for so certain is the wrath of God to one day in the future come to pass at which time all unbelievers will be thrown into the Lake of Fire - cf Rev 20:10-note and Rev 20:11-15-note)
John MacArthur applies John's words in Luke 37-10 writing that "when you give a witness for Christ to another individual, you have to talk about the wrath to come. The wrath to come is speaking of final, eternal judgment. Jesus made that a theme of His preaching. He preached more on hell than He did on heaven. He preached more on hell than anybody ever preached on hell. Why? Because He didn't like sinners, because He wanted to damn sinners? No, because He wanted to warn sinners. And one of the things that you must preach when you preach for a true repentance is the seriousness, the eternality, and the suffering of eternal hell. John preached the wrath to come. Obviously the indication here in Luke chapter 3 is that these people were coming to him to flee the wrath to come, which meant that he was pointing out to them those passages in the Old Testament that indicate when Messiah comes wrath will come with Him. And it is essential in true repentance to understand the wrath to come, to recognize that reality. There is a hell and it is forever and it is a forever alienation from God and a forever conscious punishment, conscious torment. That's what makes forgiveness urgent. That's what makes forgiveness good news. That is a strong motivation. Any faithful preacher preaches the wrath to come....John uses very graphic terms and he speaks very harsh words because he is so profoundly concerned about the wrath to come. And the Jews understood it. Why else would these Jews come flocking out there? They knew when Messiah came that there would be blessing but they also knew there would be fiery judgment. That was very clear from Malachi. And there would be a terrible day of burning. There would be terrible wrath. They knew that. They wanted to make sure they got the blessings and not the wrath.(True Repentance).
Luke 3:10 And the crowds were questioning him, saying, "Then what shall we do?
What: Lu 3:8 Acts 2:37 Acts 9:6 Acts 16:30
A SERIES OF QUESTIONS
ABOUT "FRUIT"
The crowds - These are the same ones John called a "brood of vipers" (Lk 3:7).
Were questioning - "Imperfect tense, indicating the frequent repetition of these questions." (Vincent)
Then (oun) - The idea is therefore or consequently. In light of John's clear, strong warning in Lk 3:7-9, how should we respond? Clearly, John's bold "hell-fire" style elicited a reaction from the crowd! It is as if they are asking "How can we follow through with practical application of your message John?" Would it be that all congregations responded similarly! So many sit and soak and go off into their Sunday afternoon and new week with hardly a vague recollection of the pastor's message! Perhaps we need more "John the Baptist" like messages to arrest their attention and stir their hearts!
What shall we do (Lk 3:10, 12, 14) - In light of the fact that John warned they must bring forth fruit in keeping with repentance and clearly stated their physical relationship to Abraham was of no value, three groups ask John in essence "What fruit should we bring forth?" We see similar questions from a lawyer (Lk 10:25) and a rich young ruler (Lk 18:18-22). The rich young ruler could not let go of his earthly treasure to gain heavenly treasure for when he heard Jesus' demand "he became very sad, for he was extremely rich." (Lk 18:23) prompting Jesus to declare "How hard it is for those who are wealthy to enter the kingdom of God!"
Note that John's three responses have to do with money and material possessions. That should be no surprise as these are "idols" for most people and are difficult to release from our grasp!
Life Application notes - John's message took root in unexpected places—among the poor, the dishonest, and even the hated occupation army. These people were painfully aware of their needs and they were honestly seeking to know what to do to change their lives. Did anyone follow John's advice? Surely some did, and their softened hearts became ready to receive the message of the One who was to come. (Notes on Luke)
J Vernon McGee - This is a practical message that John gave to these people who came from different classes and conditions. My friend, if you are a printer, you reveal that you are a Christian by the way you print. If you are a soldier, you reveal your Christianity by the way you soldier. If you are a housewife, you reveal your Christianity by the way you are a housewife. You reveal what you are. "Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them" (Matt. 7:20). (Thru The Bible - Mp3)
Robert Neighbour - The believer is a child of light, and he should walk no longer in darkness. God's message is the same throughout the whole Bible—"Be ye clean, that bear the vessels of the Lord." (Wells of Living Water)
Kent Hughes - John's answer is somewhat surprising. We might have expected that he would ask them to do something penitential ("Go do four good acts to the orphans in your town") or ecclesiastical ("Commit yourself to your local synagogue") or perhaps devotional ("Pray through the Psalms"). But significantly, John's advice was ethical. He asked them to change how they treated their fellow human beings. It is not uncommon for people who do not know Christ to perform elevated ethical deeds in an attempt to prove the authenticity of their "Christianity." They may take up a just social cause, then present it as evidence of their spiritual life—"I am pro-life—therefore I am a Christian," or "I am an advocate for the poor—this proves my Christianity." A real danger comes with spiritual presumption stemming from exemplary ethical performance. However, it is also true that if you are truly regenerate and repentant, your faith will most surely affect how you treat others, especially those who are closest to you—your family, your business associates, your employees, and those in need. If there is no change in your personal ethics, no elevation of your concern and care for others, you may be self-deceived about your salvation. (Preaching the Word - Preaching the Word – Luke, Volume I: That You May Know the Truth)
Luke 3:11 And he would answer and say to them, "The man who has two tunics is to share with him who has none; and he who has food is to do likewise.
He who has two: Lu 11:41 18:22 19:8 Isa 58:7-11 Da 4:27 Mt 25:40 Mk 14:5-8 Joh 13:29 Ac 10:2,4,31 2Co 8:3-14 1Ti 6:18 Heb 6:10 Jas 1:27 Jas 2:15-26 1Jn 3:17 4:20
BE GENEROUS
Share with those who have less (Is 58:7; 1 Ti 6:17, 18; Jas 2:14–20). All three of John's answers imply that true repentance is accompanied by a clear change in one's ethical behavior. John mentions clothing and food, the basic necessities of life. The giver was to love and care so much that he would be gripped with mercy and unselfishness. He would give what he had. Such fruit would be evidence of repentance, of a life truly changed, of a man who was truly seeking God to forgive his sins.
MacArthur on share with him who has none - Though seemingly trivial, sharing such basic necessities as clothing and food with those in need fulfills the command to love one’s neighbor (Lk 10:27; cf. Lev. 19:18; Rom. 13:8–10; Gal. 5:14; James 2:8)—which is second in importance only to the command to love God (Mt. 22:37–38).
Cornerstone Biblical Commentary - John told the crowds to share their food and surplus clothes with the poor, who are often an object of concern in Luke-Acts (Lk 4:18; 6:20; 7:22; 12:33; 14:13; 19:8; Acts 4:34-35; 9:36; 10:4, 31; 24:17).
Tunics (garment) (5509)(chiton) is a masculine noun. which refers to a close–fitting inner vest, an inner garment, an undergarment or in some contexts to any garment. At times two tunics seem to have been worn, probably of different materials for ornament or luxury (Mt. 10:10; Mk 6:9; Lu 3:11; 9:3). The high priest rent his clothes (Mk 14:63). In the Septuagint chiton is used of Adam's garment of skin (Ge 3:21). Chiton is used 5x in Genesis to describe Joseph's "varicolored tunic." (Ge 37:3, 23, 31-33) Jesus uses both chiton and himation in (Lk 6:29). In Mk 14:63 the high priest tore "his clothes" referring to an outer cloak, which in this context was equivalent to himation. See Encyclopedia Britannica description.
Tunics - These were garments worn under the cloak (cf. Lk 6:29). "Loose-fitting, knee length garment worn next to the skin (Matthew 10:10 ;Mark 6:9 )" (Holman Bible Dictionary)
Share (3330)(metadidomi from meta - with, denoting association + didomi - give) means to give part of, give a share of a thing,.
Metadidomi - 5x in 5v - Usage: gives(1), impart(2), share(2). In Lxx only in Pr 11:26 and Job 31:17 ("And the orphan has not shared it.")
Luke 3:11 And he would answer and say to them, "The man who has two tunics is to share with him who has none; and he who has food is to do likewise."
Romans 1:11-note For I long to see you so that I may impart some spiritual gift to you, that you may be established;
Romans 12:8-note or he who exhorts, in his exhortation; he who gives, with liberality; he who leads, with diligence; he who shows mercy, with cheerfulness.
Ephesians 4:28-note He who steals must steal no longer; but rather he must labor, performing with his own hands what is good, so that he will have something to share with one who has need.
1 Thessalonians 2:8-note Having so fond an affection for you, we were well-pleased to impart to you not only the gospel of God but also our own lives, because you had become very dear to us.
Kent Hughes asks "Do we want to have an accurate evaluation of the state of our spirituality? Here are some biblical tests:
Are we generous with our possessions? Do we share our homes, our cars, our clothing, our food with others—joyfully? Or are we loath to share? Do we always push for more and then grasp it tightly?
Do we enjoy giving to family, friends, and, more significantly, those in need? Do we give regularly and sacrificially to the Lord? If you are a Christian but do not give regularly to the Lord, if you are tight, if you find it difficult to give to God, you are in spiritual trouble, and possibly you are not even a Christian at all! We must each do regular self-checks, including me!
One of the reasons healthy Christians like to give to their church and to others is because they are indwelt with the Spirit of Christ, who gave himself for us and said, "It is more blessed to give than to receive" (Acts 20:35).
Those today who have repented and whose lives are an inviting highway for the Lord give of their resources, substance, and time to others. Moreover, they live in a constant Holy-Spirit-directed spirit of repentance. They repent of lovelessness, impatience, meanness, harshness, prejudice, jealousy, hatred, unbelief, prayerlessness, coldness, selfishness, and much more. These people live in the refreshing air of the forgiveness of sins. They are guilt-free. They are clear-eyed. Their countenances are an invitation to all mankind to tread the highway of God's salvation. (Ibid)
Luke 3:12 And some tax collectors also came to be baptized, and they said to him, "Teacher, what shall we do?
Lu 7:29 15:1,2 18:13 Mt 21:31,32
THE TAX COLLECTORS
Some tax collectors - Not all! They were horribly corrupt so they all should have been coming. The despised tax collectors referred to John as teacher.
Vincent on tax collectors (publicans) - Publicans (telones). From telos, a tax, and oneomai, to buy. The collectors of Roman imposts. The Romans farmed out the direct taxes and customs-duties to capitalists, on their payment of a certain sum in publicum, into the public treasury, whence they were called publicani, publicans. Sometimes this sum, being greater than any one person could pay, was paid by a company. Under these were the submagistri, living in the provinces; and under these again the portitores, or actual custom-house officers, who are referred to by the term τελῶναι in the New Testament. They were often chosen from the dregs of the people, and were so notorious for their extortions that they were habitually included in the same category with harlots and sinners. “If a Jew could scarcely persuade himself that it was right to pay taxes, how much more heinous a crime must it have been in his eyes to become the questionably honest instrument for collecting them. If a publican was hated, how still more intense must have been the disgust entertained against a publican who was also a Jew” (Farrar, “Life of Christ”). The word “publican,” as a popular term of reproach, was used even by our Lord (Matt. 18:17). Even the Gentiles despised them. Farrar cites a Greek saying, “All publicans are robbers.”
Baptized (907)(baptizo from bapto = cover wholly with a fluid; stain or dip as with dye; used of the smith tempering the red-hot steel, used of dyeing the hair; of a ship that "dipped" = sank) has a literal and a figurative meaning in the NT. The literal meaning is to submerge, to dip or immerse as in water. A study of the 77 NT uses (See below) reveals that most of the uses of baptizo in the Gospels and Acts are associated with literal water baptism, which is certainly the case in this context.
Teacher, what shall we do? - John had clearly told them to bring forth good fruit that proved their repentance for legitimate. They wanted to know how this applied to them and he goes straight to their most prized possession - corrupt collections.
Wiersbe - John the Baptist was also a teacher (Luke 3:12). He not only preached publicly, but he also had a personal ministry to the people, telling them how to practice their new faith (Luke 3:10-14). He told them not to be selfish but to share their blessings with others (see Acts 2:44-45; 4:32-37). (Ibid)
Teacher (1320) (didaskalos) is one who provides instruction or systematically imparts truth. The teacher teaches in such a way as to shape will of one being taught by content of what is taught. Someone has said that "The great teacher is the one who turns our ears into eyes so that we can see the truth." Henry Brooks added that "A (Bible) teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stops."
Tax collectors (publicans) (5057)(telones from telos = tax + onéomai = to buy) means a reaper of the taxes or customs, tax-collector, one who pays to the government a certain sum for the privilege of collecting the taxes and customs of a district. See more discussion of telones in Lk 5:27.
Luke mentions tax collectors six times in his Gospel - Lk 3:12-note; Lk 5:27-32-note; Lk 7:29-34-note; Lk 15:1-note; Lk 18:10-13-note, Lk 19:2-note.
While tax collectors were hated by the Jews, it was not a crime to be a tax collector. The crime was to in defrauding and extorting the people which usually "went with the territory!" When the tax collectors came to John the Baptist to be baptized, it is notable that he did not tell them to quit their jobs but he told them to “Collect no more than what you have been ordered to.” (Lk 3:13-note). Jesus Himself affirmed the propriety and legality of paying taxes when He commanded "render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s." (Lk 20:25-note).
John MacArthur gives this background on tax collectors - The Roman occupation of Israel involved more than just a military presence; the nation was also subject to Roman taxation. The taxes in Galilee, for example, were forwarded by tax collectors to Herod Antipas, and by him to Rome. Antipas sold tax franchises to the highest bidder, and such franchises were a lucrative business. Tax collectors had a certain amount that they were required to collect, and whatever they collected beyond that they were permitted to keep (cf. Luke 3:12-13). In addition to the poll tax (on everyone, including slaves), income tax (about one percent), and land tax (one tenth of all grain, and one fifth of all wine and fruit), there were taxes on the transport of goods, letters, produce, using roads, crossing bridges, and almost anything else the rapacious, greedy minds of the tax collectors could think of. All of that left plenty of room for larceny, extortion, exploitation, and even loan sharking, as tax collectors loaned money at exorbitant interest to those who were unable to pay their taxes. Tax collectors also employed thugs to physically intimidate people into paying, and to beat up those who refused. (Luke 1-5, The MacArthur New Testament Commentary [Chicago: Moody, 2009], 330)
Luke 3:13 And he said to them, "Collect no more than what you have been ordered to.
Collect: Lu 19:8 Ps 18:23 Pr 28:13 Isa 1:16,17 55:6,7 Eze 18:21,22,27,28 Mic 6:8 Mt 7:12 1Co 6:10 Eph 4:28 Tit 2:11,12 Heb 12:1
Luke 3:7-14 False and True Repentance- Steven Cole
Collect no more - "No more" is emphatic in Greek. John did not try to placate people. He went directly to the heart of the matter for a tax collector, their collections. They commonly charged more than would have been necessary to satisfy the Roman authorities, keeping the excess for themselves. This would be an easy "marker" to determine is a tax collector had truly repented and experience a change of heart and a change in their notoriously dishonest practices. John went directly to the "pocket book" of these men.
John issues this as a command in the present imperative which means that henceforth a truly repentant tax collector was to continually be honest in their collection practices. The fruit of honesty replacing dishonesty proves the tax collector experienced genuine repentance.
Some of the tax collectors took John’s message to heart and repented (Mt. 21:31–32; Zaccheus in Lk 19:1–10-note).
Collect (4238)(prasso) means first to being about or accomplish something through activity. Prasso was used in secular Greek with the meaning of to exact money from one (Herotodus). Liddell-Scott says prasso was often used in this sense "of state-officers, who collected the taxes."
Ordered (1299)(diatasso from dia = through + tasso = order) means literally to arrange thoroughly, to arrange in its proper order, to issue orderly and detailed instructions as to what must be done.
Spurgeon - They were accustomed to gather the taxes unfairly, and to increase the rates by oppressing the people, getting, perhaps, twice or even ten times more out of them than they could legally claim. John speaks to the point, does he not?
Luke 3:14 Some soldiers were questioning him, saying, "And what about us, what shall we do?" And he said to them, "Do not take money from anyone by force, or accuse anyone falsely, and be content with your wages.
soldiers: Mt 8:5 Ac 10:7
Ro 13:9,10 Php 2:15
accuse : Lu 19:8 Ex 20:16 23:1 Lev 19:11 Tit 2:3 Rev 12:10
be content: Php 4:11 1Ti 6:8-10 Heb 13:5,6
SOLDIERS:
BE CONTENT
Some soldiers were questioning him - Possibly Roman soldiers, but some (Stein, NAC) think they were Jewish, likely employed by Herod Antipas.
Robertson on soldiers - Men on service, militantes rather than milites (Plummer). So Paul in 2 Tim. 2:4. An old word like [stratiōtēs], soldier. Some of these soldiers acted as police to help the publicans. But they were often rough and cruel. Soldiers are not told to resign but to avoid the moral temptations of their profession. John does not say that working for the Roman government or serving as a soldier is in itself morally wrong, but he insists that God expects upright conduct from his people.
Pulpit Commentary on soldiers - legionaries of Rome, or mercenaries in the pay of one of the tetrarchs or neighboring princes. The lesson is clear. As above to the publicans, so here to the soldiers, John says, "Remain in that profession of arms; you may. if you will, serve God in it, for it is never the work which ennobles, hut the way in which the work is done." (Luke 3)
Bible Background Commentary on soldiers - Some commentators think these “soldiers” are Jewish police who accompanied tax gatherers or Herodian mercenaries, but more likely these are the light auxiliary non-Jewish troops that Rome recruited from Syria. Although the large legions were stationed in Syria, not Palestine, some soldiers were stationed in Palestine (Caesarea and Jerusalem) and smaller bands no doubt marched through. The frequency of Roman soldiers’ illegal concubinage with native women also indicates that all soldiers did not remain in their garrison at all times. Jews were exempt from required military service due especially to their dietary laws.Soldiers occasionally protested their wages, creating trouble with the government (e.g., the frontier mutiny of a.d. 14); they were known for extorting money from local people they intimidated or for falsely accusing them (see, e.g., the papyri; Apuleius). (The IVP Bible Background Commentary – New Testament)
Soldiers (4754)(strateuomai from strategos = army, stratos = an encamped army) means literally to perform military service, serve as a soldier in the army, go to fight, carry on a military campaign, make a military expedition, lead soldiers to war or to battle.
Do not take money from anyone by force - Literally don't shake anyone violently (like our modern idiomatic phrase "shake down")!
Spurgeon explains Do not take money from anyone by force - Those rough Roman soldiers, as they had conquered the country, were very apt to treat the people as though they were their slaves; so John says to them, “Do violence to no man."....
Robertson on take...by force (diaseio - 1286) - Here only in the N. T., but in the LXX and common in ancient Greek. It means to shake (seismic disturbance, earthquake) thoroughly (δια [dia]) and so thoroughly to terrify, to extort money or property by intimidating (3 Macc. 7:21). The Latin employs concutere, so. It was a process of blackmail to which Socrates refers (Xenophon, Memorabilia, ii. 9, 1). This was a constant temptation to soldiers. Might does not make right with Jesus.
Take by force (1286)(diaseio) is "is a legal term which literally means “shake violently.” Vincent (Word Studies in the New Testament, 1:283) says it describes the process of taking money from someone “by terrifying them.” The English slang expression “shake down” possesses the same connotation. Socrates referred to it as blackmail. It was used by the medical community to describe diseases that caused shaking reactions. Diaseiō is found only in Luke 3:14. In this passage is found evidence of how forceful John the Baptist’s preaching must have been. Even soldiers (as well as tax collectors [verse 12] and the multitudes in general [verse 10]) were asking what they must do to “brink forth fruits worthy of repentance” (verse 8). To the soldiers John replied, “Don’t extort money and don’t accuse people falsely—be content with your pay” (verse 14, NIV). (Gilbrant - Complete Biblical Library Greek-English Dictionary)
Vincent on diaseio - Only here in New Testament. Lit., to shake violently; hence to agitate or terrify; and so to extort money from one by terrifying him. The corresponding Latin word concutere is used by later writers in the same sense. Xenophon says of Socrates' "I know of his once having heard from Crito that life at Athens was a hard thing for a man who desired to mind his own business. 'For,' said he, 'they bring actions against me, not because they are wronged by me, but because they think I would rather pay money than have any trouble'" ("Memorabilia," ii., 9, 1). For this process of blackmail, seio, to shake, was used. Thus Aristophanes ("Knights," 840):
"Thou shalt make much money by falsely accusing and frightening" (σείων τε καῖ ταράττων).
And again ("Peace," 639):
"And of their allies they falsely accused (ἔσειον) the substantial and rich."
The word in this passage of Luke has the later, secondary meaning, to extort; and therefore the American Revisers rightly insist on, extort from no man by violence. It is used by medical writers, as, for instance, by Hippocrates, of shaking the palsied or benumbed limbs of a patient; or of a shaking by which the liver was relieved of an obstruction. Luke also uses two other compounds of the verb σείω: κατασείω, to beckon, Acts 12:17 (peculiar to Luke); and ἀνασέιω, to stir up, which occurs also in Mark 15:11. Both these are also used by medical writers. (Word Studies in the New Testament)
Accuse falsely (present tense = continually)(4811)(sukophanteo from sukon = fig + phaino = to bring to light) means to accuse falsely, annoy, harass, oppress, blackmail (Lk 3:14) or to extort (only other use = Lk 19:8-note). Gives us our English sycophant. See a lengthy discussion of this word by Marvin Vincent in his notes on Lk 3:14 in Word Studies in the New Testament.
(Lk 19:8) - Zaccheus stopped and said to the Lord, “Behold, Lord, half of my possessions I will give to the poor, and if I have defrauded anyone of anything, I will give back four times as much.”
A T Robertson on sukophanteo - In Athens those whose business it was to inform against any one whom they might find exporting figs out of Attica were called fig-showers or sycophants (sukophantai). From [sukon], fig, and [phainō], show. Some modern scholars reject this explanation since no actual examples of the word meaning merely a fig-shower have been found. But without this view it is all conjectural. From the time of Aristophanes on it was used for any malignant informer or calumniator. These soldiers were tempted to obtain money by informing against the rich, blackmail again. So the word comes to mean to accuse falsely. The sycophants came to be a regular class of informers or slanderers in Athens. Socrates is quoted by Xenophon as actually advising Crito to employ one in self-defense, like the modern way of using one gunman against another. Demosthenes pictures a sycophant as one who “glides about the market like a scorpion, with his venomous sting all ready, spying out whom he may surprise with misfortune and ruin and from whom he can most easily extort money, by threatening him with an action dangerous in its consequences” (quoted by Vincent). The word occurs only in Luke in the N. T., here and in Luke 19:8 in the confession of Zaccheus. It occurs in the LXX and often in the old Greek.
Gilbrant on sukophanteo - This verb appears in classical Greek from the Fifth Century B.C. with the meaning “accuse falsely, defraud, slander.” Frequently such action was done in the form of “blackmail” by public officials (cf. Liddell-Scott), but it could refer to any effort by a person who seeks to oppress or exhort someone with false charges or threats. (In the Septuagint) It is used occasionally in the Septuagint in a similar manner. In Job 35:9 Elihu spoke of how “the multitude of oppressions . . . make the oppressed to cry.” In Psalm 119:122 (LXX 118:22) the Psalmist entreated God saying: “Be surety for thy servant for good: let not the proud oppress me.” An underlying principle throughout the Old Testament is whoever “oppresses” the poor brings reproach on their Creator (cf. Proverbs 14:31; 22:16). (Ibid)
Spurgeon explains be content with your wages - They were very apt to be contending for an increase in their pay, and to drag civilians before the courts with false accusations unless they chose to give them bribes to let them go. John does not mince matters with any of his hearers; he speaks with wonderful plainness and courage, and therein proves himself to be a true herald of his Master.
Be content (714)(arkeo) means to be enough, to be sufficient or to be adequate with the implication of leading to satisfaction. In the passive sense arkeo means to be satisfied or contented with something. The passive voice means be content (contentment coming from an outside source, the ultimate source being Christ, cp Php 4:11-note, Php 4:13-note) and in the present imperative calls for this to be their habitual practice (something ultimately only possible as we are supernaturally energized by the Spirit. cf Php 2:13NLT-note). True repentance results not in changed feelings as much as in changed actions. The present tense means this is not to be an occasional practice but a soldier's new lifestyle. Jesus said His grace was "sufficient" (arkeo) in 2 Cor 12:9-note. We see the secret of being content in Hebrews 13:5-note "Make sure that your character is free from the love of money, being content (arkeo) with what you have; for (term of explanation - explains why/how we can be content with whatever we possess temporarily now on earth, for we have a permanent "Heavenly Possession!") He Himself has said, “I WILL NEVER DESERT YOU, NOR WILL I EVER FORSAKE YOU."
Robertson - Discontent with wages was a complaint of mercenary soldiers. This word for wages was originally anything cooked (opson, cooked food), and bought (from ōneomai, to buy). Hence, "rations," "pay," wages. Opsarion, diminutive of opson, was anything eaten with bread like broiled fish. So opsōnion comes to mean whatever is bought to be eaten with bread and then a soldier's pay or allowance (Polybius, and other late Greek writers) as in 1 Cor. 9:7. Paul uses the singular of a preacher's pay (2 Cor. 11:8) and the plural of the wages of sin (Romans 6:23) = death (death is the diet of sin). (Luke 3)
Wages (3800)(opsonion) literally was a military technical term for what is appointed to soldiers to buy food ration (money), allowance, pay; more generally (subsistence) pay, wages, expense money (Lk 3.14; 1 Co 9.7) metaphorically, as pay for serving as a Christian soldier money to live on (2C 11.8). Figuratively, opsonion descrigbes the compensation for serving sin (Ro 6.23).
Vincent says opsonion is from opson, cooked meat, and later, generally, provisions. At Athens, especially, fish. Compare opsarion, fish, John 21:9, 10, 13. Hence opsonion is primarily provision-money, and so used of supplies and pay for an army. With this understanding the use of the word at Romans 6:23, "the wages of sin," becomes highly suggestive.
MacArthur - By selecting tax collectors and soldiers as examples of those who repented, John was making the general point that true repentance produces a life that is transformed from being characterized by sin to being benchmarked by virtue.
Beloved, do these virtues characterize your life? We're not speaking about perfection (for none of us on earth have yet "arrived" - i.e., been glorified) but direction, continually growing "in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To Him be the glory, both now and to the day of eternity. Amen." (2 Peter 3:18-note).
Luke 3:15 Now while the people were in a state of expectation and all were wondering in their hearts about John, as to whether he was the Christ
State of expectation: John 10:24
Were wondering: John 1:19-28 John 3:28,29
Luke 3:15-22 Pointing People to Christ - Steven Cole
Luke 3:15-17 True Repentance: God's Highway to the Heart- 3 - John MacArthur
MESSIANIC SPECULATIONS
WERE IN THE AIR!
A state of expectation (continually in this state - present tense as in Lk 1:21-note) (4328)(prosdokao from prós = towards - adds the idea of “mental direction” to the already existing meaning of the verb + dokáo = look for denoting direction of one's mind toward something) means literally to look forward toward, to wait for, to look for, to anticipate. It means to give thought to something that is in the future and the context indicates whether one does this looking/waiting in a hopeful sense, with a longing, with fear (wait with anxiety, live in suspense), or in a neutral state of mind. It describes the attitude saints should have as anticipating, waiting with watchfulness, being in expectation.
Were wondering (present tense, = continually pondering, cf Lk 1:29-note) (1260)(dialogizomai from dia = intensifies meaning + logizomai - to reason, reckon, consider. Related to our English word "dialogue" a conversation between two or more people) means to consider, reason or reckon thoroughly, to think through, to deliberate by reflection. "To bring together different reasons." (Vine) This same verb dialogizomai is used to describe the scribes and Pharisees who were wondering who Jesus was, thinking that He had just blasphemed by offering forgiveness. (Lk 5:21-22-note).
A T Robertson - John wrought no miracles and was not in David’s line and yet he moved people so mightily (O for such mighty men of God in our day in post-Christian America!) that they began to suspect that he himself (autos) was the Messiah. The Sanhedrin will one day send a formal committee to ask him this direct question (John 1:19).
In their hearts - Not just intellectually but in their innermost being. The preaching of John stirred the embers deep inside the Jews that God would send them the Messiah.
Whether he was the Christ - Whether John was the Messiah (cf John 1:19-28, 3:28,29), something he denied.
Kent Hughes - Dr. Martyn Lloyd-Jones (you can listen to 100's of his sermons), arguably the most powerful preacher of the twentieth century, once described the stunning personal experience of the Holy Spirit's empowering his preaching on an unforgettable occasion: "Never, do I think, have I been so conscious of the Power of the Word and the Gale of the Spirit. It is exceedingly difficult to go on living after such an experience, especially difficult to go on preaching." Lloyd-Jones described what all true preachers know: it is one thing to preach the Word—it is quite another to preach in the power of the Holy Spirit. And those who heard and knew the Doctor do not doubt a word of his testimony. His grandson, Christopher Catherwood, writes:
The one thing he prayed for, the one thing he relied on, the one thing he waited for and the one thing above all else and beyond most other preachers of his generation which thousands felt under his preaching was the unction, or anointing, of the Holy Spirit.[107]
A preacher acquaintance told me of visiting London and attending Westminster Chapel where he sat under the Doctor's mighty ministry. As he listened, he was so elevated in the contemplation of spiritual things that he was momentarily unaware that Lloyd-Jones had finished preaching!
This, of course, is something of what the hearers of John the Baptist experienced, perhaps to an even greater degree because John was filled with the Spirit before birth, groomed by the Spirit for thirty years, and then launched by the Spirit to prepare the way for the Lord. In Jesus' own words, there was no one greater than John the Baptist (Luke 7:28; Matthew 11:11).
We need to keep this in mind when we read his preaching (for example, in Luke 3:7-14) because his great eschatological and ethical challenges were delivered in the mighty rush of the Holy Spirit's power. John almost surely felt it difficult to go on living after such an experience, as did some of his thousands of hearers who were cut to the quick and came to passionate repentance.
Because of this we should not be surprised when we read in Luke 3:15 that "the people were waiting expectantly and were all wondering in their hearts if John might possibly be the Christ." We must remember that their messianic expectations were hazy. All John's hearers knew was that they were looking for an anointed agent of the Lord who would bring about the restoration of Israel and the triumph of God's dominion. They did not know, for example, that the Messiah's name would be Jesus. So even though John was announcing the Messiah's coming, it is not surprising that they wondered if John was the Christ. (Preaching the Word – Luke, Volume I: That You May Know the Truth)
Luke 3:16 John answered and said to them all, "As for me, I baptize you with water; but One is coming who is mightier than I, and I am not fit to untie the thong of His sandals; He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire
I baptize: Mt 3:11 Mk 1:7,8 Joh 1:26,33 Ac 1:5 11:16 13:24,25 19:4,5
He shall baptize: Pr 1:23 Isa 32:15 44:3,4 Eze 36:25 Joe 2:28,29 Joh 7:38 Ac 2:33 10:44 11:15 1Co 12:13
With: Isa 4:4 Zec 13:9 Mal 3:2,3 Ac 2:3,4,17,18
See Parallel passages - Matt 3:11-12; Mark 1:7-8
A MIGHTIER ONE
IS COMING
John answered and said to them all - the crowd. His answer makes it clear to the crowd that his message is not the final one, but that He is preparing the way for the One mightier than he Who would come onto the scene in about 6 months.
I am not fit to untie the thong of His sandals (cf John 1:27) - To untie the thong was a task for a slave, so John emphasizes his inferiority compared to the Messiah. This is the first direct mention of Jesus by John. John's baptism was minor compared to what was coming from Jesus.
Hughes - A rabbinic saying, dated after Christ but very likely contemporary to Christ, stated that disciples ought to do everything for their masters that a slave does, except for one thing—untie his sandals. That was simply too much to ask any Jew to do for another Jew. But John had it right in relationship to Christ. He affirmed that he was not worthy of doing the most personally degrading task for the Messiah. (Ibid)
Mightier (2478)(ischuros from ischuo = to be able) is an adjective which means strong, powerful, mighty (usually referring to inherent physical strength), able, forcible. Strong, having moral power. Inherently strong. Ischuros denotes power or ability and places “stress on the actual power that one possesses rather than on the mere principle of power."
Kent Hughes - I once heard E. V. Hill, the pastor of Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church in Los Angeles, tell of the ministry of an elderly woman in his church whom they all called 1800 because no one knew how old she was. 1800 was hard on unsuspecting preachers because she would sit in the front row, and as soon as the preacher began she would say, "Get him up!" (referring to Christ). After a few minutes, if she did not think there was enough of Christ in the sermon, she would again shout, "Get him up!" If a preacher did not "Get him up!" he was in for a long, hard day! Here John the Baptist's response to misplaced adulation was to "get him up"—a noble task because it is the chief purpose for our existence....John was the greatest of all men, he was having the greatest of all ministries to date, multitudes were at his feet, but he knew that he wasn't worthy to perform even the humblest act for Christ. If we aim to "get him up," we need to "get ourselves down." (Ibid)
He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit - (See commentary describing the fulfillment of this in Acts 2) John baptized them in the Jordan River symbolizing their outward confession of repentance. One can be water-baptized without being baptized with the Holy Spirit, and vice versa. Thus John's baptism would only be external if it were not accompanied by heart change. The Messiah's baptism however would be mightier, the result of supernatural power which could only be performed by God. Messiah's "baptism" would be an internal, for when one entered the New Covenant in Messiah's blood (Lk 22:20), they would receive the gift of the permanently indwelling Holy Spirit (see Paul below). This had been promised in the OT in Ezekiel 36:27-note
“I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes (God's part), and you will be careful to observe My ordinances (Man's responsibility, only possible as enabled by God's Spirit)..
Paul writes
For by one Spirit we were all baptized into one body, whether Jews or Greeks, whether slaves or free, and we were all made to drink of one Spirit. (1Co 12:13)
He will baptize you with...fire - I take this to be a reference to the fire of judgment (something John has already alluded to in the preceding context - "wrath to come" - Lk 3:7-note). John a man could not send anyone into judgment, for that power belongs only to God, the perfect Judge of the heart. Not all writers agree that fire here refers to judgement, even though clearly fire refers to judgement in the immediate context (Lk 3:17).
Fire is used repeatedly in both testaments to describe future judgment -
Old Testament - Isa. 29:6; 30:33; 31:9; 66:15–16; Ezek. 38:22; Zeph. 1:18; 3:8, Malachi 3:1, 2, Mal 4:2
New Testament - Mt. 7:19; 13:40, 42, 50; 18:8; 25:41; Lk 9:54; 12:49; 17:29; Jn 15:6; 2 Th. 1:7; Heb 10:27; 2 Pe 3:7; Jude 7; Rev. 14:10; 19:20; 20:10, 14–15; 21:8
Criswell: The reference to baptizing with the Holy Spirit and fire is understood by some to refer to one act, that of purification by the Holy Spirit as the fire burns away impurity. Others understand two acts: baptism with the Holy Spirit for those who are saved, and baptism with fire for those who are damned. The context suggest two acts.
John MacArthur (commenting on the parallel passage in Mt 3:11) says "Many interpreters take this to be a part of the Holy Spirit baptism, which began at Pentecost and which in that instance was accompanied by "tongues of fire" (Acts 2:3). But the Acts account says that those tongues "appeared to them" (that is, the waiting disciples) "as of fire." They were not fire, but looked like licks of fire. In his last promise of the soon-coming baptism with the Holy Spirit, Jesus said nothing about actual fire being a part of the experience (Acts 1:5). And when, a short time later, Cornelius and his household were baptized with the Holy Spirit, no fire was present (Acts 10:44; 11:16; cf. 8:17; 19:6). Other interpreters take the fire to represent a spiritual cleansing, as described in the quotation above from Ezekiel. But nothing in Ezekiel's text, in the context of John's message here, or in the Pentecost reference to the tongues "as of fire" relates to such cleansing. Consequently, it seems best to consider fire as representing God's coming judgment, which, as we have seen, is so frequently in Scripture symbolized by fire. In both the preceding and following verses (Mt 3:10, 12) John clearly uses fire to represent judgment and punishment. It is impossible that the middle reference to fire would concern an entirely different subject. Both of the adjoining verses contrast the fates of believers and unbelievers, those who bear good fruit and those who do not (Mt 3:10) and the valuable wheat and the worthless chaff (Mt 3:12). It therefore seems logical and natural to take Mt 3:11 also as a contrast between believers (those baptized with the Holy Spirit) and unbelievers (those baptized with the fire of God's judgment). (MacArthur New Testament Commentary)
J Vernon McGee - John baptized with water. Jesus has been baptizing with the Holy Spirit for over nineteen hundred years now. He shall also baptize with fire at His second coming. Fire speaks of judgment. Some folk think that this is a reference to the Day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit came, and there was the appearance of fire on the heads of those assembled. However, it is important to notice that in Acts 2:3 it was "...like as of fire..." (italics mine) -- it was not fire. The coming of the Holy Spirit was not the fulfillment of the baptism of fire. That will take place at the second coming of our Lord. (Thru The Bible)
Ryrie agrees with Criswell, MacArthur and McGee - The baptism with the Holy Spirit occurred on the Day of Pentecost, whereas the baptism with fire refers to the judgments accompanying the second coming of Christ.
Darrell Bock writes "The Holy Spirit and fire, then, represent two integral aspects of Jesus' ministry. He comes to gather and to divide (Lk 12:49-53; 17:29-30). The offer of the Spirit must be received. Those who respond are purged and taken in, while those who reject are tossed away like chaff, as verse 17 suggests. (IVP Commentary)
Kent Hughes applies baptism with the Spirit and fire to believers reasoning that "Fire represents the Spirit's ongoing work of purification and cleansing."
Steven Cole - How should we interpret this baptism of the Spirit and fire? There are several views. There is only one preposition (“with,” Greek, en) governing the two words (the NIV is incorrect in repeating “with”), so that it refers to one baptism. Thus it seems to me that this baptism must apply to one group, those who respond to the gospel. The Holy Spirit regenerates these people and progressively purges them from their sins by His purifying fire. The unquenchable fire of verse 17 refers to the eternal punishment of those who reject the gospel. Alexander Maclaren (Expositions of Holy Scripture [Baker], Luke, p. 76) explains it this way, “Either we shall gladly accept the purging fire of the Spirit which burns sin out of us, or we shall have to meet the punitive fire which burns up us and our sins together. To be cleansed by the one or to be consumed by the other is the choice before each of us.”
Jon Courson - John preached a message of severity in order that Jesus might come and present a message of serenity. John called for holiness in order that Jesus could give a message of hopefulness. John shone a convicting light in order that Jesus might share comforting love. In other words, John embodied the purpose of the law by showing people they were sinners in need of a Savior. (Jon Courson's Application Commentary)
Luke 3:1-18 Just A Messenger
I indeed baptize you with water; but One mightier than I is coming. —Luke 3:16
Dave Thomas, founder of Wendy’s restaurants, appeared in more than 800 television commercials. He offered his homespun humor and “old-fashioned hamburgers” to a worldwide audience. Viewers saw him as friendly, funny, believable, and caring. In spite of his popularity, though, Thomas always said he was “the messenger, not the message.”
That’s a good word to remember as we speak about Christ to our friends and family. While our behavior should always be consistent with what we say, our goal is to point others to Jesus and not to ourselves. The apostle Paul said, “We do not preach ourselves, but Christ Jesus the Lord, and ourselves your bond servants for Jesus’ sake” (2 Corinthians 4:5).
John the Baptist knew that his role was to be a messenger for Christ. When people flocked to hear John preach, and to be baptized as a sign of their repentance, many wondered if he was the promised Messiah. John told them, “I indeed baptize you with water; but One mightier than I is coming, whose sandal strap I am not worthy to loose” (Luke 3:16).
Through our words and actions, we testify of Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord. We are His messengers, but He is the message.
FOR FURTHER STUDY How Can I Break The Silence?
We witness best for Christ
when we say the least about ourselves.
Luke 3:17 "His winnowing fork is in His hand to thoroughly clear His threshing floor, and to gather the wheat into His barn; but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.
Winnowing fork: Jer 15:7 Mt 3:12
Will thoroughly: Mic 4:12 Mt 13:30
But He will burn up: Ps 1:4 21:9,10 Mk 9:43-49
SEPARATION OF RIGHTEOUS
FROM THE WICKED
His winnowing fork is in His hand to thoroughly clear His threshing floor - Pictures the mighty Messiah ready to judge (thoroughly clear His threshing floor so that no trace of chaff remains - cf Ps 1:4-note) and thereby separating the wheat (repenters) from the chaff (non-repenters) which would be burned. Isaiah 63:4 (note) “For the day of vengeance (UNBELIEVING "CHAFF") was in My heart, And My year of redemption has come (BELIEVING "WHEAT" - in this context of Isaiah 63:1-6 referring the believing remnant of Israel). Daniel 12:2-note speaks of this time of future separation of the wicked from the redeemed.
The picture in this passage reminds one of the eternal "separation" of the righteous from the wicked in Psalm 1...
1 How blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked, Nor stand in the path of sinners, Nor sit in the seat of scoffers!
2 But his delight is in the law of the LORD, And in His law he meditates day and night.
3 He will be like a tree firmly planted by streams of water, Which yields its fruit in its season And its leaf does not wither; And in whatever he does, he prospers.
4 The wicked are not so, But they are like chaff which the wind drives away.
5 Therefore the wicked will not stand in the judgment, Nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous.
6 For the LORD knows the way of the righteous, But the way of the wicked will perish. (Ps 1:1-6-note)
Marvin Vincent - The picture is of a farmer at his threshing-floor, the area of hard-beaten earth on which the sheaves are spread and the grain trodden out by animals. His fan, that is his winnowing-shovel or fork, is in his hand, and with it he throws up the mingled wheat and chaff against the wind in order to separate the grain....The whole metaphor represents the Messiah as separating the evil from the good, according to the tests of his kingdom and Gospel, receiving the worthy into his kingdom and consigning the unworthy to destruction (compare Mt. 13:30; 39–43; 48–50).
Winnowing fork (KJV = "fan") - A long wooden shovel used for tossing grain against the wind after threshing so that the lighter chaff would be blown away, leaving the kernels to settle in a pile. Shovels were also used for this purpose (Isaiah 30:24). Winnowing is a frequent figure for the Divine sifting and chastisement, Jer 4:11; Jer 15:7 etc.
NET Note - A winnowing fork is a pitchfork-like tool used to toss threshed grain in the air so that the wind blows away the chaff, leaving the grain to fall to the ground. The note of purging is highlighted by the use of imagery involving sifting though threshed grain for the useful kernels.
Winnowing fork (4425)(ptuon) denotes "a winnowing shovel or fan," with which grain is thrown up against the wind, in order to separate the chaff (Mt 3:12 ; Lk 3:17).
Winnowing - Wikipedia
Picture of a man winnowing grain
And to gather the wheat into His barn - Into God's "barn" where it will not be stored but destroyed! The harvest of wickedness is ripe (Compare the depiction of judgment of the nations of the world in the last of the last days in Joel 3:12-14-note and Zechariah 12:3-note, Zechariah 14:3-note, Zechariah 14:12, 13-note).
Gather (4863)(sunago from sun = with + ago = to lead, ) means literally to lead together. To gather (in) or gather (up) (Mt 13:47; 25:24, 26; Lk 3:17; 15:13; Jn 6:12f; 15:6). To bring or call together, gather (Mt 22:10; 25:32; Mk 2:2; 7:1; Jn 11:47; 18:2; Acts 13:44; 14:27; 1 Cor 5:4). To invite or receive as a guest (Mt 25:35, 38, 43). This verb gives us our English word synagogue a place where Jews pray and worship. We see a gathering for judgment similar to Lk 3:17 in Joel 3:11-note where God is commanding a gathering of unholy Gentiles, not for the purpose of worship, but for wrath! In the Valley of Jehoshaphat, the Valley of Decision, for it is judgment time for the nations of the world is "ripe!"
Friberg's summary of sunago -
(1) of things; (a) gather in, gather up, collect (Mt 13.47), opposite skorpizo (scatter) and merizo (distribute, divide out); (b) store, keep safe (Lk 12.17); (c) turn into cash, convert into money (Lk 15.13);
(2) of persons; (a) bring or call together, assemble (Mt 22.10); (b) as showing hospitality take in, invite in (Mt 25.35); (c) passive assemble, come together, be gathered together (Mt 18.20)
Gilbrant on sunago - Sunagō is a common word occurring in classical Greek from the time of Homer (ca. Eighth Century B.C.). In classical usage it usually conveys the meaning of “to gather together” persons or things for any of several reasons: worship, deliberation, festivity, battle, work, hospitality, or reconciliation (Liddell-Scott). The nonliterary papyri offer an illustration of sunagō in relationship to money or goods. “The verb is frequently used of the total amount, the full sum, received by sale or by purchase” (Moulton-Milligan). For example, in the Parable of the Prodigal Son (Luke 15:11-32) it is possible that the “prodigal converted his goods into money, sold all off and realized their full value, rather than that he ‘gathered all together’ to take with him” (ibid.). Sunagō occurs about 350 times in the Septuagint and translates 50 different Hebrew words, the most frequent being ’ās̱aph, “gather,” and qāvats, “assemble.” One can divide New Testament occurrences into two general categories: gathering things and gathering persons (Bauer). Matthew uses sunagō for the “assembling” of the religious leaders, usually against Jesus (Mt 26:3,57); for the “gathering together” of people which came to hear Jesus (Mt 13:2); and a cryptic reference to “gathering together” of birds of prey (Mt 24:28). An interesting reference to the classical usage as “hospitality” occurs in the Olivet discourse: “I was a stranger, and ye took me in,” that is, you showed Me hospitality (Mt 25:35,38,43). Mark always uses sunagō for the “gathering together” of people: crowds, apostles, or Pharisees (2:2; 4:1; 5:21; 6:30; 7:1). Luke and John also use the word with the two basic ideas of “gathering people and things.” Luke 15:13 is the only exception (see reference to Moulton-Milligan above). Beginning with Acts 4:31 Luke used the word exclusively to denote the assembly of the Church (Acts 4:31; 11:26; 13:44; 14:27) as did Paul in his only reference to the word (1 Corinthians 5:4). The Book of Revelation employs sunagō to indicate the “gathering together” for the purpose of war (13:10; 16:14,16; 19:19; 20:8) and the assembling of the birds for the great supper of God (19:17). (Complete Biblical Library Greek-English Dictionary)
Sunago - 59x in 59v - assemble(1), assembled(5), came together(1), convened(1), gather(10), gather...together(2), gather together(1), gathered(9), gathered...together(3), gathered together(14), gathered...together(1), gathering(3), gathering together(1), invite(2), invited(1), met(2), store(2).
Matt. 2:4; Matt. 3:12; Matt. 6:26; Matt. 12:30; Matt. 13:2; Matt. 13:30; Matt. 13:47; Matt. 18:20; Matt. 22:10; Matt. 22:34; Matt. 22:41; Matt. 24:28; Matt. 25:24; Matt. 25:26; Matt. 25:32; Matt. 25:35; Matt. 25:38; Matt. 25:43; Matt. 26:3; Matt. 26:57; Matt. 27:17; Matt. 27:27; Matt. 27:62; Matt. 28:12; Mk. 2:2; Mk. 4:1; Mk. 5:21; Mk. 6:30; Mk. 7:1; Lk. 3:17; Lk. 11:23; Lk. 12:17; Lk. 12:18; Lk. 15:13; Lk. 22:66; Jn. 4:36; Jn. 6:12; Jn. 6:13; Jn. 11:47; Jn. 11:52; Jn. 15:6; Jn. 18:2; Acts 4:5; Acts 4:26; Acts 4:27; Acts 4:31; Acts 11:26; Acts 13:44; Acts 14:27; Acts 15:6; Acts 15:30; Acts 20:7; Acts 20:8; 1 Co. 5:4; Rev. 16:14; Rev. 16:16; Rev. 19:17; Rev. 19:19; Rev. 20:8
Sunago - 370x in 349v in the Septuagint -
Gen. 1:9; 6:21; 29:3,7-8,22; 34:30; 37:35; 41:35,48-49; 47:14; 49:1; Exod. 3:16; 4:29; 5:7,12; 8:14; 9:19-20; 16:5,16; 23:10; Lev. 25:3,20; Num. 1:18; 8:9; 10:3,7; 11:16,22,24,32; 19:9-10; 21:16,23; Deut. 13:16; 16:13; 19:5; 22:2; 30:3-4; 32:23,34; 33:5,21; Jos. 2:18; 7:14; 10:6; 24:1; Jdg. 3:13; 6:33; 7:22; 9:6,47; 10:17; 11:20; 12:1; 16:23; 19:15,18; 20:11,14; Ruth 2:2,7; 1 Sam. 5:8,11; 7:6; 13:5,11; 14:19,52; 17:1-2; 22:2; 2 Sam. 3:34; 6:1; 10:15-17; 11:27; 12:28-29; 14:14; 17:11,13; 21:13; 23:9,11; 1 Ki. 7:23; 12:24; 2 Ki. 22:4,20; 23:1; 1 Chr. 11:13; 13:2; 15:4; 19:7,17; 22:2; 23:2; 2 Chr. 1:14; 2:2,17; 10:6; 11:13; 12:5; 13:7; 15:10; 18:5; 20:4; 23:2; 24:5,11; 25:5; 29:15,20; 30:3,13; 32:4,6; 34:9,29; Ezr. 3:1; 7:28; 8:15,20; 9:4; 10:1,9; Neh. 1:9; 4:8,20; 5:16; 6:2,10; 7:5; 8:1,13; 9:1; 12:25,28,44; 13:11; Est. 2:8; 9:15-16,18; Job 5:5; 20:15; 27:16; Ps. 2:2; 16:4; 33:7; 35:15; 39:6; 41:6; 47:9; 48:4; 50:5; 102:22; 104:22; 107:3; Prov. 9:12; 10:10; 11:24; 13:11; 27:25; 28:8; 30:4; 31:14; Eccl. 2:8,26; 3:5; Isa. 11:12; 13:4,14-15; 17:5; 18:6; 23:18; 24:22; 27:12; 28:20; 29:1,7; 33:4; 34:16; 35:10; 39:6; 40:11; 43:5,9; 44:11; 45:20; 48:14; 49:5,18; 56:8; 60:4,7,22; 62:9; 66:18; Jer. 3:17; 4:5; 7:21; 8:13-15; 9:22; 10:17; 12:9; 17:11; 23:8; 30:21; 31:8,10; 32:37; 40:10,12,15; 49:5,14; 50:7; 51:44; Ezek. 11:17; 13:5; 16:31,37; 22:20; 28:25; 29:5,13; 34:13; 37:21; 38:4,7-8,12-13; 39:2,17,27; Dan. 3:2-3,27; 6:23; 11:10,13,34,40; 12:12; Hos. 1:11; 10:10; Joel 1:14; 2:16; 3:2,11; Amos 3:9; Mic. 1:7; 2:12; 4:6,12; 5:7; 7:1; Hab. 1:9,15; 2:16; Zeph. 2:1; 3:18; Hag. 1:6; Zech. 2:6; 9:3; 14:14
Sunago is used in Micah 4
Micah 4:6-7-note In that day,” declares the LORD, “I will assemble the lame And gather the outcasts, Even those whom I have afflicted. 7“I will make the lame a remnant And the outcasts a strong nation, And the LORD will reign over them in Mount Zion From now on and forever.
Sunago is used in Zeph 3 to describe God's gathering and restoration of the nation of Israel...
Zeph 3:17-18-note “The LORD your God is in your midst, A victorious warrior. He will exult over you with joy, He will be quiet in His love, He will rejoice over you with shouts of joy. 18 “I will gather (Lxx = sunago) those who grieve about the appointed feasts– They came from you, O Zion; The reproach of exile is a burden on them.
Will burn up (2618)(katakaio from kata = intensifies meaning of verb + kaio = to burn) means to burn up, to consume or destroy by fire. The word denotes a violent consuming heat. It means to burn utterly as of chaff (Mt 3:17, Lk 3:17), tares (Mt 13:30,40), magic paraphernalia after citizens of Ephesus had been saved (Acts 19:19), works believers do in their own strength, for their own glory (1 Cor 3:15), earth (here in 2 Pe 3:10), trees and grass (Rev 8:7), the rebuilt city of Babylon (Re 17:16-note, Re 18:8-note)
Chaff (892)(achuron) refers to the husks and refuse of wheat separated by treading the grain followed by winnowing. This chaff (Wikipedia) or straw was used by the Egyptians to make bricks (with Jewish labor - Ex 5:7, 10-13). Chaff (straw) was also used as fodder and and notably, from the Ptolemaic period on, as fuel for fires. In the Lxx of Da 2:35 achuron describes what happens to the godless world kingdoms that become "like chaff" when the King returns as the "Stone" which crushes Nebuchadnezzar's statute.
Achuron - 21x in 20v in the Septuagint -
Ge. 24:25; 24:32; Ex. 5:7; 5:10; 5:11; 5:12; 5:13; 5:16; Exod. 5:18; Jdg. 19:19; 1 Ki. 4:27; Job 21:18; Job 41:27; Isa. 11:7; Isa. 17:13; Isa. 30:24; Isa. 65:25; Jer. 23:28; Dan. 2:35; Nah. 3:14;
Unquenchable fire - A frightening but accurate description of eternal hell (cf. Isa. 66:24; Mt. 18:8; 25:41, 46; Rev 14:10–11).
Unquenchable (762)(asbestos from a = without + sbennumi = to quench) means literally not extinguished, thus not able to be quenched. Asbestos is used only in Mt 3:12, Mk 9:43 (KJV also has Mk 9:45) and Lk 3:17 with no uses in the Septuagint.
Jesus warned "“If your hand causes you to stumble, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life crippled, than, having your two hands, to go into hell, into the unquenchable fire."
John MacArthur - John’s powerful call for true repentance is just as relevant and needed today as when he first gave it. It is the duty of every true preacher of God’s Word to warn his hearers of the danger of false, shallow, non-saving repentance; repentance that is grounded in selfish regret over sin’s consequences instead of a desire to be delivered from sin, fails to subdue the love of sin and initiate a passion for holiness, leads to further sin in a hypocritical attempt to maintain the facade of self-righteousness, produces self-deception, leads to a deadly false security, and ultimately hardens the heart, and sears the conscience.
Luke 3:18 So with many other exhortations he preached the Gospel to the people
John 1:15,29,34 3:29-36 Acts 2:40
Luke 3 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries
Luke 3:18-20 The Legacy of John the Baptist - John MacArthur
JOHN'S FINAL TESTIMONY
SUMMARIZED
Luke 3 gives us only a very brief summary of John's ministry, which he then succinctly summarizes in Luke 3:18-20. Luke will mention John again in Lk 7:18-20, but for the most part John fades from view and Jesus takes center stage beginning with His baptism in Lk 3:21-22. John's ministry had preceded the inception of Jesus' ministry by about 6 months and overlapped (albeit "in the limelight") for the first 6 months of Jesus' ministry. John's ministry ends with his imprisonment and beheading by Herod Antipas (see Lk 3: 19-20).
Robertson on with many other exhortations - Luke has given a bare sample of the wonderful messages of the Baptist. Few as his words preserved are they give a definite and powerful conception of his preaching.
Darrell Bock writes that "John illustrates how the proclaimer of the Word should perform his task. The preacher must bear good news as well as news that exposes sin. Some preachers in the past tended to emphasize sin so much that one wondered where grace might be found. Today our problem is the opposite: being able to confront people with their accountability and culpability before God."
Exhortations (present tense - continually exhorting) (3870)(parakaleo from para = side of, alongside, beside + kaleo = call) means literally to call one alongside, to call someone to oneself, to call for, to summon. Parakaleo can include the idea of giving help or aid but the primary sense in the NT is to urge someone to take some action, especially some ethical course of action and that would certainly be true in this context, where John had been exhorting the people regarding the need for genuine repentance manifest by good fruits.
MacArthur says John's "exhortations exposed the wickedness of their hearts, condemned their reliance on ritual and their Abrahamic heritage for salvation, and warned them that they would face God’s wrath and judgment if they did not truly and evidently repent."
Preached the Gospel (the good news)(imperfect tense - over and over, again and again)(2097)(euaggelizo/euangelizo from eu = good, well + aggéllo = proclaim, tell; English = evangelize) in this context means to announce good news concerning the Son of God as proclaimed in the Gospel, calling on his hearers to repent and believe in Messiah and baptizing those who did so in preparation for the Messiah’s coming.
To the people - John was preaching the good news to the Jews. To the Jews first and then to the Gentiles, even as Paul wrote years later "For I am not ashamed of the Gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek (Gentiles)." (Ro 1:16). In fact in the next verse we see that John did in fact preach to the Gentiles, specifically to the mixed Edomite/Samaritan Gentile Herod Antipas!
Luke 3:19 But when Herod the tetrarch was reprimanded by him because of Herodias, his brother's wife, and because of all the wicked things which Herod had done
Pr 9:7,8 15:12 Mt 11:2 14:3,4 Mk 6:17,18
Luke 3:18-20 The Legacy of John the Baptist - John MacArthur
JOHN'S SPIRIT ENABLED
INDOMITABLE BOLDNESS
John was a man filled with the Spirit even in the womb (Lk 1:15-note) and he lived his lived the same way, filled with the Spirit. How do we know? Because of His boldness! Throughout the book of Acts we see one of the effects ("fruits") of being empowered by (Acts 1:8-note) the Holy Spirit is the filled man or woman is emboldened to speak the truth. (See Acts 4:31, cf Peter Mt 26:72 and Acts 2:14 after being filled in Acts 2:4, cf Paul in Acts 9:17 with Acts 9:27, 28, see also Acts 13:46, Acts 14:3, 19:8, cf Stephen Acts 6:3,5 and Acts 7:55, 60)
Herod the tetrarch - refers to Herod Antipas (see note). Herod Antipas was one of the sons of Herod the Great, and his long reign (4 B.C. to A.D. 39) encompassed the entire ministry of Jesus Christ. Don't confuse Herod Antipas with Herod described in the birth narratives in Mt 2:1-9 and Lk 1:5, for these mentions refer to Herod the Great, the father of Herod Antipas. It is noteworthy that Herod Antipas was not a Jew because his father, Herod the Great, was an Idumean (Edomite) and his mother, Malthace, was a Samaritan. Clearly he was not greatly liked by the Jews. Excluding the mentions of Herod in Mt 2:1-9 and Lk 1:5, Herod Antipas is the "Herod" mentioned in the Gospels.
Herod - 40x in 39v - Mt. 2:1,3,7,12-13,15-16,19,22 (= Herod the Great) // Mt 14:1,3,6 (= Herod Antipas) Mk 6:14,16-18,20-22; 8:15 (= Herod Antipas) // Lk. 1:5 (= Herod the Great) // Luke 3:1,19; 9:7,9; 13:31; 23:7-8,11-12,15 (= Herod Antipas); Acts 4:27; 12:1,6,11,19-21 (=Herod Agrippa I); Acts 13:1
But when Herod the tetrarch was reprimanded by him - As noted above Herod Antipas was a Gentile and not a Jew, so John clearly did not limit his proclamation of the Gospel to the Jew. Even his rebuke of Herod Antipas would be considered part of the Gospel, because one must first recognize their sinfulness so that they realize they have a desperate need to receive the Gospel. Surely John called him to repent of his sin to receive forgiveness of sins because that is what he had declared to the crowd of Jews.
John MacArthur says it this way - The gospel, keep this in mind, folks, the gospel is a message of repentance but it's a message of repentance for the — fill in the blank — forgiveness of sins. And the most kind thing you could ever tell anybody is God will forgive all their sins if they will repent, right? That's the good news. This is not bad news, this is very good news. And while the truth is hard because it must expose sin, it is at the same time merciful because it brings forgiveness. And John directly reproved this man Herod. (The Legacy of John the Baptist)
Was reprimanded (present tense = John continually exposed Herod's sin!) (1651)(elegcho means to bring to the light (to reveal hidden things) with the implication that there is adequate proof of wrongdoing. To expose, to convict, to reprove, to shame or disgrace and thus to rebuke another in such a way that they are compelled to see and to admit the error of their ways. To show someone that they have done something wrong and summon them to repent. As explained below Herod was clearly committing blatant sin including adultery and incest, and John addressed his sin with his characteristic Spirit filled boldness.
Vincent says elegcho "has several phases of meaning. In earlier classical Greek it signifies to disgrace or put to shame....Then, to cross-examine or question, for the purpose of convincing, convicting, or refuting; to censure, accuse."
MacArthur on Herodias his brother's wife - Herodias was the daughter of Aristobulus (See family tree), another son of Herod the Great; so when she married Philip, she was marrying her own father’s brother. What precipitated the arrest of John the Baptist was that Herod Antipas (another of Herodias’ uncles) talked Herodias into leaving her husband (his brother) in order to marry him (Mk 6:17)—thus compounding the incest, as well as violating Lev 18:16. John was outraged that a ruler in Israel would commit such a sin openly, so he rebuked Herod severely (Mt 14:4). For this, he was imprisoned and later killed (Mk 6:14-29).
Criswell on Herodias his brother's wife - Herod Antipas, on a visit to Rome, had met Herodias, the wife of his half brother Philip, who was a hostage there. Antipas persuaded his brother to divorce Herodias so that he might marry her, even though he himself was already married to the daughter of the king of Nabatea. This was a clear case of adultery. Luke tells about John's imprisonment (Luke 3:20) in order to round out the story, though the arrest comes later (cf. Mark 6:14-29).
Ryrie on Herodias - The former wife of Herod's half brother Philip, her uncle. She had been persuaded to leave her husband and marry Herod Antipas, thus committing incest (Lev. 18:16). John condemned him for this, and Antipas knew that John spoke the truth (see Mark 6:20).
Because of all the wicked things which Herod had done - Herod had his capital city Tiberias built on the site of a Jewish cemetery, a site the Jews considered to be defiled which made it difficult to persuade they to live there. "Then, to make matters worse, he put up idols in public places and if there's anything we know about the Jews after they came out of Babylonian captivity, they were purged of any interest in idolatry and this was a great offense to them." (MacArthur)
Related Resource on Herod Antipas - See article in the Jewish Encyclopedia.
Wicked (4190)(poneros from poneo = work or toil) means evil, wicked, base, bad, degenerate. Poneros denotes determined, aggressive, and fervent evil that actively opposes what is good. Poneros is not just bad in character (like kakos), but bad in effect (injurious)! In short, poneros describes evil in active opposition to good, viciously evil in its influence and actively harmful. Poneros is used to describe Satan (ho poneros = "Evil one"), the god of this age, who is corrupting man and dragging him to destruction. This denotes someone who is not content in being corrupt themselves. They seek to corrupt others and draw them into the same destruction! This was an apt Greek word to describe evil Herod Antipas.
William Barclay gives a detailed explanation of Herod's multiple marriages -
JOHN was so plain and blunt a preacher of righteousness that he was bound to run into trouble. In the end Herod arrested him. Josephus says that the reason for the arrest was that Herod “feared lest the great influence John had over the people might put it in his power and inclination to raise a rebellion; for they seemed ready to do anything he should advise.” That is no doubt true but the New Testament writers give a much more personal and immediate cause. Herod Antipas had married Herodias and John rebuked him for it.
The relationships involved in this marriage are extremely complicated. Herod the Great was a much-married man. Herod Antipas, who married Herodias and who arrested John, was the son of Herod the Great by a woman called Malthake. Herodias herself was the daughter of Aristobulus, who was the son of Herod the Great by Mariamne, commonly called the Hasmonean. As we have seen, Herod had divided up his realm between Archelaus, Herod Antipas and Herod Philip. He had another son, also called Herod, who was his son by another Mariamne, the daughter of a high priest. This Herod had no share in his father’s realms and lived as a private citizen in Rome; he married Herodias. He was in fact her half-uncle, because her father, Aristobulus, and he were both sons of Herod by different wives. Herod Antipas, on a visit to Rome, seduced her from his half-brother and married her. She was at one and the same time his sister-in-law, because she was married to his half-brother, and his niece because she was the daughter of Aristobulus, another half-brother.
The whole proceeding was utterly revolting to Jewish opinion and quite contrary to Jewish law, and indeed improper on any standards. It was a dangerous thing to rebuke an eastern tyrant, but John did so. The result was that he was arrested and imprisoned in the dungeon castle of Machaerus on the shores of the Dead Sea. There could be no greater cruelty than to take this child of the desert and shut him up in a dungeon cell. Ultimately he was beheaded to gratify the resentment of Herodias (Matthew 14:5–12; Mark 6:17–29).
It is always dangerous to speak the truth; and yet although the man who allies himself with the truth may end in gaol or on the scaffold, in the final count he is the victor. Once the Earl of Morton, who was regent of Scotland, threatened Andrew Melville, the reformer. “There will never,” he said menacingly, “be quietness in this country till half a dozen of you be hanged or banished.” Melville answered him, “Tush! sir, threaten not your courtiers in that fashion. It is the same to me whether I rot in the air or in the ground … God be glorified, it will not lie in your power to hang nor exile his truth.” Plato once said that the wise man will always choose to suffer wrong rather than to do wrong. We need only ask ourselves whether in the last analysis and at the final assize we would prefer to be Herod Antipas or John the Baptist
Steven Cole - Pointing people to Christ requires confronting their sin.
As we have seen, John’s message is summed up as “a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins” (Luke 3:3). Repentance from sin and faith in Jesus Christ are at the heart of the gospel. A person who does not see and feel himself to be a sinner has no reason to need a Savior. If I came up to you and said, “I have great news! The governor has just offered you a pardon from prison,” you would not be very thrilled with that news, and you might even be offended. Why? You are not guilty of any crime deserving of prison. But, if you have just been convicted of a serious crime and sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole, my announcement would be the most welcome news you could imagine.
If you walk up to a person who is not a Christian and say, “I have great news! God loves you and Jesus Christ died for your sins,” the person will not appreciate your message and he might even get offended. He will think, “Of course God loves me! God is love and I’m a basically loveable person! But as for this sin stuff, I’m only human and I have my faults, but I’m not that bad of a person. Why do I need Jesus to die for my sins?”
How do you get a person who thinks of himself as basically good to see the utter sinfulness of his own heart so that he will see his need for the Savior? God’s method is to preach His perfect Law to the sinner so that he sees how utterly he has failed to keep that Law. “Through the Law comes the knowledge of sin” so that a man sees that he is accountable before God (Rom. 3:19, 20). Thus the Law becomes “our tutor to lead us to Christ, that we may be justified by faith” (Gal. 3:24).
We see in Luke 3:19 that John the Baptist preached the Law even to Herod Antipas. Herod had divorced his own wife and seduced Herodias, the wife of his half-brother, who was also his own niece. By so doing, he was guilty of both adultery and incest. John confronted Herod with this violation of God’s Law, along with other wicked things that he had done. We don’t know if John did this in a private interview with Herod, through a sermon when Herod was present in the audience, or if John’s public rebuke of Herod in his absence got back to him. But John boldly proclaimed that the ruler was under the same Law of God as the common person. Sadly, Herod did not respond with repentance, but rather added to his many sins by locking John up in prison and later executing him. But in spite of the consequences, John didn’t soften the message, because he knew that neither Herod nor anyone else would come to Christ unless he was first convicted of his sin.
Herod’s treatment of John should alert us to the fact that we may not be warmly welcomed when we bring up the matter of a person’s sin. But even so, we must remember that we do no one a favor by tiptoeing around the sin issue. Modern evangelicalism has fallen into the trap of marketing the gospel as the way to have a happy life, but we often minimize or sidestep the serious nature of sin. But until a person comes under the conviction of the Holy Spirit so that he sees that he is justly guilty before God, he will not appreciate God’s grace that was shown to us in the cross of Christ. Being forgiven little, he will love Christ little.
The Bible tells us that sinners are “darkened in their understanding, excluded from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardness of their heart; and they, having become callous, have given themselves over to sensuality, for the practice of every kind of impurity with greediness” (Eph. 4:18, 19). Obviously, we cannot break through all the defenses that sinners have erected to justify themselves as they continue their course of sin. Only God by His mighty power can break through their hardened hearts and reveal Christ to their souls. He does it primarily through His Word, both written and preached.
Thus one of the best ways you can confront a sinner with his sin is to get him to read the New Testament. He won’t be five chapters into Matthew until he reads that if he has been angry with his brother, he has broken the commandment not to murder. If he has lusted after a woman in his heart, he has broken God’s commandment against adultery. You can also give him tapes of sermons by preachers who preach God’s Law. We have an excellent video in our church library, “The Ten Cannons of God’s Law,” by Pastor Ray Comfort, that will help you understand how to use God’s Law in your witnessing to bring people to conviction of sin. But remember, you are not really pointing a person to Jesus Christ unless you help him to see that he is a guilty sinner, under the just condemnation of God’s holy Law. (Luke 3:15-22)
Luke 3:20 Herod also added this to them all: he locked John up in prison
Lu 13:31-34 2Ki 21:16 24:4 2Ch 24:17-22 36:16 Ne 9:26 Jer 2:30 Mt 21:35-41 22:6,7 23:31-33 1Th 2:15,16 Rev 16:6
JOHN IMPRISONED
BY HEROD ANTIPAS
Herod - refers to Herod Antipas (see note).
Herod also added this to them all - Herod should have listened to John, repented and received forgiveness ("subtracting" so to speak from his sins rather than adding to them).
Darrell Bock writes "Herod's response to the exposure of his sin is instructive. He does not face the sin and take responsibility for it; he strikes back, taking advantage of his authority to do so. Such a response is all too familiar. Herod will use all the authority at his disposal to silence the voice of conviction, for eventually he will execute John. Sin confronted but unchecked often becomes sin multiplied and magnified. Defensiveness in the face of sin is inevitably self-destructive. Unfortunately, the damage often extends beyond the one who is sinning.(IVP Commentary)
He locked John up in prison - This passage is clearly not in chronological sequence in regard to John's ministry. For example, we know from Mt 3:13-16 that Jesus came to John to be baptized, which is the event Luke describes next in Lk 3:21-22. Obviously John could not have been locked up in prison and at the same time baptized Jesus in the Jordan River! In fact it was actually later that John was imprisoned. And so we are not surprised to see Luke mention John again in Luke 7:17-20. As mentioned above, although John receives little mention after the inception of Jesus' ministry, John’s ministry did overlap with His Lord for about six months. Mark is more chronological in describing the later imprisonment and martyrdom of John. (Mark 6:17-30) As John MacArthur says "Luke in verse 20 simply tells us the end of the story before it actually happened."
Prison (5438)(phulake from phulasso = to guard, watch) means a guarding (the act of guarding or keeping watch - Lk 2:8, Nu 1:53, 3:7, 28) or guard (the person doing the watching - Acts 12:10) , a prison as a place where someone is guarded (Mt 5:25, 14:3, 10, 18:30, 25:36, 39, 43, etc).
Steven Cole - Illustration - Even if you have not seen the popular movie,“Titanic” (I have not and don’t plan to), you know the basic story. The supposedly unsinkable ship hit an iceberg on her maiden voyage, sending 1,517 people to their watery graves. What you may not know is that most, if not all, could have been saved. Another ship, the Californian, had passed within sight of the Titanic and made radio contact at 11 p.m. At 11:30, the captain and wireless operator on the Californian went to bed. Ten minutes later, the Titanic hit the iceberg. Although the officer on duty on the Californian saw the distress rockets from the Titanic, he wasn’t sure what they meant and he couldn’t arouse the sleepy captain. A report testified that if the Californian had responded, many, if not all, of the lives that were lost could have been saved. We may condemn the captain of the Californian who slept while 1,500 people perished nearby. But aren’t we often guilty of the same thing if we’re complacent while people around us perish? We need to be sensitive. I’m not suggesting that we use offensive methods. But we must not hold back from warning people about sin and judgment. We must tell them about the supremacy of Jesus Christ and how they must trust in Him alone as their Savior from the wrath to come. I pray that we all would join John the Baptist in pointing people to Christ, even if it costs us as it did cost John.
Luke 3:21 Now when all the people were baptized, Jesus was also baptized, and while He was praying, heaven was opened
Jesus: Mt 3:13-15 Mk 1:9 Joh 1:32-34
praying: Lu 9:28,29 Joh 12:27,28
heaven: Mt 3:16,17 Mk 1:10 John 1:32-34
Multiple Luke 3 Resources (including those below)
Luke 3:21-22 The Messiah's Divine Confirmation, Part 1 - John MacArthur
Luke 3:15-22 - Steven Cole
Luke 3:21-22 Emblems of the Holy Spirit-the Dove - W A Criswell
See parallel descriptions of Jesus' Baptism - Matt. 3:13–17; Mark 1:9–11
JESUS' MINISTRY INAUGURATED
AT HIS BAPTISM
Now when all the people were baptized - Literally "had been baptized."
Jesus was also baptized - See Map of Jesus' baptism by John the Baptist.
It is interesting that Luke does not actually state Jesus was baptized by John as do Mark 1:9 and Matthew 3:13. However Luke does mention it in Acts 1:22 in preparation for naming a new apostle
“Therefore it is necessary that of the men who have accompanied us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us– beginning with the baptism of John until the day that He was taken up from us–one of these must become a witness with us of His resurrection.” (Acts 1:21, 22)
Were baptized (907)(baptizo from bapto = cover wholly with a fluid; stain or dip as with dye; used of the smith tempering the red-hot steel, used of dyeing the hair; of a ship that "dipped" = sank) has a literal and a figurative meaning in the NT. The literal meaning is to submerge, to dip or immerse as in water. A study of the 77 NT uses (See below) reveals that most of the uses of baptizo in the Gospels and Acts are associated with literal water baptism.
And while He was praying - This fact not mentioned by the other synoptic Gospels. Why would Jesus need to pray if He was God? Because He was also fully Man, and as the perfect Son of man, Jesus gave us the perfect example of continual dependence on His Father to meet His needs by praying to His Father. O God, how we need to learn to follow the example of Jesus, that we too might experience sweet communion with You, our Father Who art in Heaven. Amen
Robertson on praying - Alone in Luke who so often mentions the praying of Jesus. Present participle and so naturally meaning that the heaven was opened while Jesus was praying though not necessarily in answer to his prayer.
He was praying (present tense - continually)(4336)(proseuchomai from pros = toward, facing, before [emphasizing the direct approach of the one who prays in seeking God’s face] + euchomai = originally to speak out, utter aloud, express a wish, then to pray or to vow. Greek technical term for invoking a deity) in the NT is always used of prayer addressed to God (to Him as the object of faith and the One who will answer one’s prayer) and means to speak consciously (with or without vocalization) to Him, with a definite aim.
Hendriksen applies this text He was praying - It is especially Luke who emphasizes the fact that Jesus not only urged his disciples to pray, and even taught them to pray, but lived a life of prayer. When the teacher is himself seen doing the very things he tells others to do, his teaching is bound to be far more effective.
Wuest adds that the prefixed preposition pros "gives it the idea of definiteness and directness in prayer, with the consciousness on the part of the one praying that he is talking face to face with God."
Stein notes that "For Luke prayer was frequently a time of revelation and direction from God. (Cf. Luke 1:9–11 [Zechariah]; 2:37–38 [Anna]; Acts 9:11–12 and Acts 22:17–21 [Paul]; 10:2–6 [Cornelius]; 10:9–16 [Peter]; 13:2–3 [prophets and teachers of the church].) Indeed Luke often added to narratives references to Jesus at prayer (Lk 6:12; 9:18, 28–29; 11:1; cf. Lk 22:40-41). The Holy Spirit, furthermore, often comes in response to prayer (Cf. Luke 11:13; Acts 1:14; 2:1-4; 21, 38–39; Acts 4:23-31; 8:15-17). Jesus serves here as a model for Christians in their prayer lives. See Introduction 8 (Several distinct Lukan emphases exist concerning Christian living...The first involves the importance of prayer for the believer. Whereas the terms “prayer” and “pray” are found thirteen times in Mark and seventeen times in Matthew, they are found twenty-one times in Luke and twenty-five times in Acts. More significant, however, than the frequency of this concept in Luke-Acts is that it occurs at key times and places. The Gospel begins with prayer in the temple (Lk 1:9-10). After its brief summary of the Gospel’s contents, Acts begins with the disciples’ praying (Lk 1:14) and maintains this emphasis. Luke alone recorded that Jesus was praying at his baptism when he was anointed by the Spirit and that Jesus chose the Twelve after he had prayed all night (Luke 6:12). Only Luke recorded that Jesus prayed before he asked his disciples, “Who do the crowds say I am?” (Lk 9:18). Again only Luke mentioned that at his transfiguration Jesus went up on the mountain to pray and that while he was praying he was transfigured (Lk 9:28–29). In the context of his own praying, Jesus taught the Lord’s Prayer (Lk 11:1–4). Through prayer believers are able to persist and not lose heart (Lk 18:1) and to keep from falling into temptation (Lk 22:40, 46). And because of Jesus’ prayer, Peter’s denial did not turn into apostasy (Lk 22:32). Clearly for Luke prayer was seen as a vital and necessary part of the Christian life both individually and corporately.). (New American Commentary).
Heaven was opened - The opening of heaven is a frequent apocalyptic motif found in the giving of revelation as is a voice from heaven.(Cf. Ezek 1:1; John 1:51; Acts 7:56; 10:11; Rev 19:11.) as is a voice from heaven. (Cf. Isa 6:4, 8; Ezek 1:25, 28; Rev 4:1; 10:4, 8; 11:12; 14:13.) (Stein)
Steven Cole - The way Luke presents Jesus’ baptism minimizes John’s role (he is not even mentioned) and even downplays the baptism itself. Rather Luke emphasizes that after the baptism, while Jesus was praying, heaven was opened, the Holy Spirit descended in the form of a dove, and a voice came out of heaven affirming, “You are My beloved Son, in You I am well-pleased.” The fact that Jesus would even submit to baptism signifies that at the outset of His ministry, He identified Himself with the sinners He came to save. Luke emphasizes Jesus’ prayer life, which shows His dependence as the Son of Man on the Heavenly Father (there are seven references to Jesus praying in Luke: 3:21 [baptism]; 5:16 [growing fame]; 6:12 [choosing the 12]; 9:18 [just before Peter’s confession]; 9:29 [Transfiguration]; 11:1 [before Lord’s Prayer]; and, 22:41 [Gethsemane]). The fact that heaven was opened shows that in Jesus, God was breaking into human history. The Holy Spirit’s descent as a dove probably points to the gentleness and purity of the Spirit, and also shows the Holy Trinity united in the launching of Jesus’ ministry. The affirmation of the Father from heaven relates to two Old Testament texts: Psalm 2:7, where the Father says of Messiah, “You are My Son”; and, Isaiah 42:1, “Behold, My Servant, whom I uphold; My chosen one in whom My soul delights. I have put My Spirit upon Him; He will bring forth justice to the nations.” (Note the clear reference to the Trinity in this Old Testament passage!) The Father’s being pleased with His beloved Son assures us that He is satisfied with His offering Himself on the cross for our sins. If we are in Christ, the Beloved, then we are accepted in the presence of the Holy God. When you bear witness, always bring people back to the exalted person and work of Jesus Christ. If they bring up objections or questions, answer them briefly if you must, but steer the conversation back to Jesus Christ. If we lift Him up, He will draw men to Himself (John 12:32).
Opened (455)(anoigo from ana = again + oigo = to open) means to open, to open up, to open again, to give access to.
The Baptism of Jesus is also described in Matthew 3:13-17; Mark 1:9-11
Matthew 3:13-17 Then Jesus *arrived from Galilee at the Jordan coming to John, to be baptized by him. 14 But John tried to prevent Him, saying, “I have need to be baptized by You, and do You come to me?” 15 But Jesus answering said to him, “Permit it at this time; for in this way it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then he *permitted Him. 16 After being baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove and lighting on Him, 17 and behold, a voice out of the heavens said, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well-pleased.”
Mark 1:9-11 In those days Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan. 10 Immediately coming up out of the water, He saw the heavens opening, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon Him; 11 and a voice came out of the heavens: “You are My beloved Son, in You I am well-pleased.”
Luke emphasizes Jesus’ human nature. Jesus was born to humble parents, a birth unannounced except to shepherds and foreigners. This baptism recorded here was the first public declaration of Jesus’ ministry. Instead of going to Jerusalem and identifying with the established religious leaders, Jesus went to a river and identified with those who were repenting of sin. When Jesus, at age 12, had visited the Temple, He had understood his mission (Lk 2:49). Eighteen years later, at his baptism, He began carrying it out. And as Jesus prayed, God spoke and confirmed His decision to act. God was breaking into human history through Jesus the Christ. (Life Application Note)
One might ask but why did Jesus who was without sin need to submit to John's baptism, which we have called a baptism of repentance? We have to be honest and say we don't know with absolute certainty. Luke does not explain why Jesus submitted. The fact that the Father declares "You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased." would strongly support that Jesus had no need for repentance. In Mt 3:15 Jesus said “Permit it at this time; for in this way it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.”
Why was Jesus baptized? Why was Jesus' baptism important? - Gotquestions.org
Answer: At first glance, it seems that Jesus’ baptism has no purpose at all. John’s baptism was the baptism of repentance (Matthew 3:11), but Jesus was sinless and had no need of repentance. Even John was taken aback at Jesus’ coming to him. John recognized his own sin and was aware that he, a sinful man in need of repentance himself, was unfit to baptize the spotless Lamb of God: “I need to be baptized by You and You are coming to me?” (Matthew 3:14). Jesus replied that it should be done because “it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness” (Matthew 3:15).
There are several reasons why it was fitting for John to baptize Jesus at the beginning of Jesus’ public ministry. Jesus was about to embark on His great work, and it was appropriate that He be recognized publicly by His forerunner. John was the “voice crying in the wilderness” prophesied by Isaiah, calling people to repentance in preparation for their Messiah (Isaiah 40:3). By baptizing Him, John was declaring to all that here was the One they had been waiting for, the Son of God, the One he had predicted would baptize “with the Holy Spirit and fire” (Matthew 3:11).
Jesus’ baptism by John takes on an added dimension when we consider that John was of the tribe of Levi and a direct descendant of Aaron. Luke specifies that both of John’s parents were of the Aaronic priestly line (Luke 1:5). One of the duties of the priests in the Old Testament was to present the sacrifices before the Lord. John the Baptist’s baptism of Jesus could be seen as a priestly presentation of the Ultimate Sacrifice. John’s words the day after the baptism have a decidedly priestly air: “Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!” (John 1:29).
Jesus’ baptism also showed that He identified with sinners. His baptism symbolized the sinners’ baptism into the righteousness of Christ, dying with Him and rising free from sin and able to walk in the newness of life. His perfect righteousness would fulfill all the requirements of the Law for sinners who could never hope to do so on their own. When John hesitated to baptize the sinless Son of God, Jesus replied that it was proper to “fulfill all righteousness” (Matthew 3:15). By this He alluded to the righteousness that He provides to all who come to Him to exchange their sin for His righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:21).
In addition, Jesus’ coming to John showed His approval of John's baptism, bearing witness to it, that it was from heaven and approved by God. This would be important in the future when others would begin to doubt John’s authority, particularly after his arrest by Herod (Matthew 14:3-11).
Perhaps most importantly, the occasion of the public baptism recorded for all future generations the perfect embodiment of the triune God revealed in glory from heaven. The testimony directly from heaven of the Father’s pleasure with the Son and the descending of the Holy Spirit upon Jesus (Matthew 3:16-17) is a beautiful picture of the trinitarian nature of God. It also depicts the work of the Father, Son, and Spirit in the salvation of those Jesus came to save. The Father loves the elect from before the foundation of the world (Ephesians 1:4); He sends His Son to seek and save the lost (Luke 19:10); and the Spirit convicts of sin (John 16:8) and draws the believer to the Father through the Son. All the glorious truth of the mercy of God through Jesus Christ is on display at His baptism.
Luke 3:21-22 Being Useful - A voice came from heaven which said, "You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased." —Luke 3:22
Jesus emerged from obscurity and was baptized by John the Baptist. When He came out of the water, He heard His Father say, “You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased” (Luke 3:22).
What had Jesus been doing that merited such unqualified acceptance? He had not yet performed one miracle; He had not preached a single sermon; He had not cleansed one leper. In fact, He had not yet done anything that we normally associate with greatness. What had He been doing in Nazareth during those 30 silent years? He was growing “in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and men” (Lk 2:52).
What’s done in the silent place with God is what matters. It’s in the quiet hours of fellowship with God that we’re shaped and molded and made into men and women He can use—people with whom He can be well-pleased.
You might be thinking, I’m in a place where I can’t be useful. You may feel limited and frustrated by the cramping restrictions of age, an illness, a difficult child, an uncooperative spouse. But your place, wherever it is, is a place to grow. Spend time in God’s Word and in prayer. Grow and bloom where you are, and your Father will be pleased with you.
You'll go forth a little stronger
With a fresh supply of grace,
If each day you meet the Savior
In a secret, quiet place. —Adams
Fruitful service grows in the soil of faithful worship.
By David H. Roper
Luke 3:22 and the Holy Spirit descended upon Him in bodily form like a dove, and a voice came out of heaven, "You are My beloved Son, in You I am well-pleased.
You are: Lu 9:34,35 Ps 2:7 Isa 42:1 Mt 12:18 17:5 27:43 Col 1:13 1Pe 2:4 2Pe 1:17,18
MESSIAH'S DIVINE
"CREDENTIALS"
Holy Spirit...upon Him...a voice out of heaven - Notice all three members of the Trinity are mentioned here, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. We believe that there is one God Who exists in three persons, one in substance, co-eternal and co-equal. Our finite minds cannot fully explain the Trinity. No explanation can adequately portray the power and intricacy of this unique relationship. Many have sought analogies in nature but none are perfect for there is no other relationship like the Trinity.
Related Resources on Trinity:
What does the Bible teach about the Trinity?
What are some popular illustrations of the Holy Trinity?
How can there be subordination / hierarchy in the Trinity?
How is the doctrine of the Trinity not tritheism?
What is Trinitarianism? Is Trinitarianism biblical?
Matthew describes this event as follows:
After being baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened, and he (John the Baptist) saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove and lighting on Him, (Mt. 3:16)
John adds this description
John (the Baptist) testified saying, “I have seen the Spirit descending as a dove out of heaven, and He remained upon Him. (John 1:32)
W A Criswell makes an excellent point regarding John's witness of the Spirit coming upon Jesus - Luke here indicates how the Holy Spirit becomes visible to both Jesus and John (Mt. 3:16; John 1:32). The import of this event is crucial in theology. This verse denies modalism (See article on Sabellianism, Modalism, and Monarchianism), the heresy which construed the unity of God to be manifested in three different, momentary forms -- Father, Son and Holy Spirit. The idea of God appearing sometimes as one and then as the other is proved to be unscriptural. Here there is simultaneously the appearance of Son and Holy Spirit. At the same time the voice of the Father is heard. Clearly, God is the Triune God, eternally Father, Son and Holy Spirit (cf. 1 Pet. 1:2). Luke quotes from Ps 2:7 and Isa 42:1, which identify Jesus as the Son of God and the Suffering Servant. All three Persons of the Triunity are here together for the first time in the Gospel.
The Holy Spirit descended upon Him in bodily form like a dove - (Matthew has the Spirit of God: Mark, the Spirit) Jesus is anointed and supernaturally empowered by the Holy Spirit for His supernatural ministry. Do not misunderstand this descent of the Spirit on Jesus -- Jesus always had the Holy Spirit's presence from the first moment of the incarnation because He is God and God is Trinity and thus Jesus the God-Man could never be separated from the Holy Spirit. The descent at Jesus' baptism is more of a "marker" if you will to show us that His formal ministry is now beginning. And thus Luke immediately emphasizes the importance of the Holy Spirit in Jesus' ministry in the next chapter...
Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan and was led around by the Spirit in the wilderness (Lk 4:1-note)
And Jesus returned to Galilee in the power (dunamis) of the Spirit, and news about Him spread through all the surrounding district. And He began teaching (WHAT WAS HIS POWER TO TEACH? WHAT ABOUT OUR POWER TO PREACH OR TEACH?) in their synagogues and was praised by all. (Lk 4:14-15-note)
“THE SPIRIT OF THE LORD IS UPON ME, BECAUSE HE ANOINTED ME TO PREACH THE GOSPEL TO THE POOR. HE HAS SENT ME TO PROCLAIM RELEASE TO THE CAPTIVES, AND RECOVERY OF SIGHT TO THE BLIND, TO SET FREE THOSE WHO ARE OPPRESSED, 19 TO PROCLAIM THE FAVORABLE YEAR OF THE LORD.” (Lk 4:18-19-note)
Brief Excursus on the Holy Spirit in the Believer's LIfe: If Jesus needed to depend on the the Holy Spirit for His ministry, how much more do we need the Spirit in our daily lives to enable us to live and minister supernaturally! John writes that "he one who says he abides in Him (present tense - continually) ought himself (present tense - continually) to walk in the same manner as He walked." (1 Jn 2:6-note) Beloved,we need to learn how to walk daily by the Spirit (Gal 5:16-note), if we are to experience "victory" in our ongoing struggle with our flesh (cf Gal 5:17-note)! Jesus of course did not have the fallen flesh as we do and yet He too humbled Himself and was daily relying on the same Holy Spirit and the same supernatural power to which we have access. Every morning present us with a challenge and a choice -- will I yield to the Spirit today (Eph 5:18-note, cf Ro 12:1-note) or will I stubbornly choose to do it "MY WAY!" How much easier it is to simply confess, repent, and be filled each morning and walk out into the battle filled with the supernatural power of the Spirit, staying alert for those "pop quizzes" God allows in our lives where we have the choice to continue to rely on the Spirit (e.g., for "self-control", etc - Gal 5:23-note) or to rely on our fallen flesh. If you fail (e.g., an anger thought or word flies suddenly out of your mouth, confess, repent, be filled, ask forgiveness and press on toward the goal - Php 3:14-note). Beloved, it takes practice to walk like Jesus' walked! In fact it is a life long process and will not end until the day we are glorified (1 Jn 3:2-note). So take heart and keep on fighting the good fight of faith for the glory of the Name of Jesus. Amen.
In Acts 10:37-38 Peter describes the vital role of the Spirit in the ministry of Jesus
"you yourselves know the thing which took place throughout all Judea, starting from Galilee, after the baptism which John proclaimed. 38 “You know of Jesus of Nazareth, how God anointed Him with the Holy Spirit and with power (dunamis), and how He went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with Him.
In bodily form like a dove - (bodily form is a phrase found only in Luke) Luke uses a term of comparison specifically a simile (comparison using like or as). While there is definitely a visible expression that had the form of a body similar to a dove, it does necessarily mean that the Spirit actually assumed the form of a dove.
Matthew has
And after being baptized, Jesus went up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove, and coming upon Him, (Mt 3:16).
Mark has
And immediately coming up out of the water, He saw the heavens opening (schizo), and the Spirit like a dove descending upon Him (Mk 1:10)
Robertson - This probably means that the Baptist saw the vision that looked like a dove. Nothing is gained by denying the fact or possibility of the vision that looked like a dove. God manifests his power as he will. The symbolism of the dove for the Holy Spirit is intelligible. We are not to understand that this was the beginning of the Incarnation of Christ as the Cerinthian Gnostics held. But this fresh influx of the Holy Spirit may have deepened the Messianic consciousness of Jesus and certainly revealed him to the Baptist as God’s Son
Bodily (4984)(somatikos from soma - body) means having the form and characteristics of a body. Somatikos also means pertaining to the body in as used by Paul in describing "bodily discipline (which) is only of little profit, but godliness is profitable for all things, since it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come." (1Ti 4.8-note)
Form (appearance, sight) (1491)(eidos from eído = see) literally means that which is seen or what is visible and then the external appearance (shape and structure) of something as it appears to someone.
A voice came out of heaven - This is God the Father speaking (because He calls Jesus His Son). This is the first of three recorded occasions when the Father spoke from heaven. The second was when Jesus was transfigured (Luke 9:28–36), and the third was during His last week before the cross (John 12:28).
Kent Hughes on in You I am well-pleased - He was pleased in retrospect because Jesus had lived thirty sinless years as “the righteousness of God.” He was pleased at the prospect of Christ’s atoning death. And he was pleased that the failed, flawed children of the first Adam would be redeemed by the blood of the flawless, triumphant, second Adam.
You are My beloved Son, in You I am well-pleased - William Barclay feels that this this " saying is composed of two texts. You are my beloved Son—that is from Psalm 2:7 and was always accepted as a description of the Messianic King. In whom I am well pleased—that is part of Isaiah 42:1 and is from a description of the servant of the Lord whose portrait culminates in the sufferings of Isaiah 53:1-12."
Beloved (27)(agapetos from agapao = to love, agape = unconditional love borne by Spirit - Gal 5:22) means beloved, dear, very much loved. Agapetos describes the love of another, this love being called out of the "giver's" heart by preciousness of the recipient of the love (the "beloved')..
Well-pleased (take pleasure) (2106)(eudokeo) describes the Father's taking pleasure or delight in His Son. To delight means to take great pleasure, to give keen enjoyment, to provide a high degree of gratification. In this regard it is notable that 5 of the first 6 uses (the Gospels) refer to the Father's taking pleasure in His Son (in Whom He was "well pleased") (cf. Mt. 3:17; 12:18; 17:5; Mark 1:11; Luke 3:22; cp 2Pe 1:17).
Life Application Study Note - Theologians have long been troubled by Jesus’ allowing himself to be baptized by John. After all, this baptism was for sinners. Why, then, did Jesus do it? He did it because he is both God and human—he underwent baptism and even death as only a human could; he lived a sinless life and rose from the dead as only God could. This baptism by John in the Jordan River was another step in his identification with us sinful people; and the arrival of the dove signifies God’s approval. Now Jesus would officially begin his ministry as God’s beloved Son walking the dusty roads of Israel. When you are hurting, depressed, broken, remember: You have a Savior who understands your humanity. When you sin, remember: He has paid the price for your disobedience. (Reference)
Luke 3:23 When He began His ministry, Jesus Himself was about thirty years of age, being, as was supposed, the son of Joseph, the son of Eli
thirty: Ge 41:46 Nu 4:3,35,39,43,47 t
being: Lu 4:22 Mt 13:55 Mk 6:3 Joh 6:42
Two Genealogies of Jesus
Luke 3:21-4:13 Jesus, the One Who Comes - Darrell Bock
Luke 3:23-28 - The Genealogy of Jesus - Steven Cole (deals with several difficult problems)
Luke 3:23-38 The Messiah's Royal Lineage - John MacArthur - excellent discussion!
NET So Jesus, when he began his ministry, was about thirty years old. He was the son (as was supposed) of Joseph, the son of Heli,
THE HOUR STRIKES
FOR JESUS!
Chart From Bible Knowledge Commentary
Recommendation - If you are confused about the two genealogies of Jesus in Matthew and Luke, I would highly recommend taking time to read Dr John MacArthur's easy to understand explanation of the differences and the significance of those differences in his sermon The Messiah's Royal Lineage. It will greatly enhance your understanding of a topic which many believers often find puzzling. I have quoted extensively from his sermon because it gives such a helpful way to explain this otherwise puzzling topic.
When He began His ministry, Jesus Himself was about thirty years of age - The words "His ministry" are not in the Greek. William Barclay aptly entitles this section "The Hour Strikes for Jesus!" We last heard of Jesus in Lk 2:42 at age 12 when He amazed the teachers in the Temple with His answers (Lk 2:42-47). Then for 18 years Jesus waited in the wing and now is being prepared to step onto center stage and accomplish the work the Father had given for Him to do. (Jn 17:4)
John MacArthur on Messiah's "credentials" - (1) the baptism (Lk 3:21-23), (2) the genealogy (Lk 3:23-38) and (3) the temptation (Lk 4:1-13), those three great credentials: The affirmation of heaven, the victory over hell, and royal credentials right in the middle. Ancestry then is a credential not to be left out....Now the ancestry of Jesus is important, as I said, because it proves that He is not merely a self-appointed Messiah, as some like Hugh Schonfield in The Passover Plot and all their ilk would want us to believe. He is not a misguided reformer. He is not a self-appointed Savior. He is not a would-be, want-to-be Savior of the...of the nation Israel from their terrible stress under their Roman occupation. He is not a man caught up in a popular acclaim. He is not a sort of magician who drew crowds after Himself and developed a Messiah illusion or a Messiah complex. The genealogy goes back to David and then it goes back to Abraham and then it goes back to Adam and then it goes back to God finally. This is the culmination of all redemptive history in this person Jesus. It starts with God through Adam, through Abraham, through David and right down to Jesus Himself. He is not just a good teacher, He is not just a great man, He is not an isolated prophet, He is not an isolated preacher. This is the culmination of all the history of humanity from God, from Adam, through Abraham, through David down to Jesus. He is the culmination of human history as well as Israel's history. He is the fulfillment of God's redemptive purpose. He is the culmination of all who ever lived. He is the hope of all humanity and all humanity is inseparably and eternally connected to Him. The fate of everyone who ever lives is linked to Jesus. (For discussion of more proofs of the credentials of Messiah from Luke 1 and Luke 2 see the full sermon Messiah's Royal Lineage)
We know from Acts that Jesus began His public ministry at His baptism
Acts 1:21-22 “Therefore it is necessary that of the men who have accompanied us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us– beginning with the baptism of John until the day that He was taken up from us–one of these must become a witness with us of His resurrection.”
Acts 10:37-38 you yourselves know the thing which took place throughout all Judea, starting from Galilee, after the baptism which John proclaimed. You know of Jesus of Nazareth, how God anointed Him with the Holy Spirit and with power, and how He went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with Him.
Thirty years of age - Ezekiel (interestingly called "son of man" throughout the book) began his ministry at age 30 (Ezek 1:1). Joseph was also 30 "when he stood before Pharaoh, king of Egypt" (prime minister - Ge. 41:46) "David was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned forty years. (2 Sa 5:4). Thirty was also the age at which the priests began to serve, Moses recording "from thirty years and upward, even to fifty years old, all who enter the service to do the work in the tent of meeting." (Nu. 4:3, cf Nu 4:35, 39, 43, 47; 1 Chr 23:3). In short, Jesus began His public ministry at an age the Jewish people would consider appropriate when compared to other Biblical ministries.
ESV Note - If Jesus was born sometime before Herod the Great’s death in 4 b.c. (cf. Matt. 2:16) and began his ministry c. a.d. 28 (see Luke 3:1), he would have been about thirty years old (or in his early 30s). (ESV Study Bible)
Hughes adds "The heavenly voice spliced together allusions to two remarkable messianic texts. The first, “You are my Son,” referenced verse 7 of the famous second Psalm, “You are my Son; today I have become your Father.” The emphasis of Psalm 2 is in the Messiah’s unique father/son relationship with God, which would be the basis for his kingly, messianic rule, his reigning messiahship." (Ibid)
Hendriksen - Between chapters 1 and 2, on the one hand, and chapter 3, on the other, there is a marked division. The “boy” of 12 (Lk 2:42) becomes the “man” of approximately 30 (L, 3:23). The eighteen intervening years are passed by in silence.
Steven Cole - Many people these days are turning to financial counselors for advice and help with investments. An article I read on this urges the reader carefully to check out a potential advisor’s credentials before you allow him any knowledge of or access to your money. It makes sense, if your money and future security are at stake, to have some good reasons to trust the person giving you advice. If it makes sense to check out the credentials of a financial advisor, it makes even more sense to be sure about the credentials of one to whom you entrust your eternal destiny as your Savior from God’s judgment. While all of the Gospel accounts, and even all the Bible, serve to establish the credibility of Jesus as the promised Messiah and Savior, Luke focuses on three lines of evidence prior to introducing the beginning of Jesus’ ministry: (1) The testimony of John the Baptist and of God the Father and the Holy Spirit at Jesus’ baptism (Lk 3:15-22); (2) the genealogy of Jesus (Lk 3:23 38), which we’re considering in this study; and, Jesus’ victory over Satan’s temptations (Lk 4:1-13). Luke’s purpose in putting the genealogy here is to show how ...
The genealogy of Jesus shows Him to be God’s promised Savior for all people.
Warren Wiersbe - Luke interrupted his narrative at this point to give us a genealogy of Jesus. Matthew’s genealogy (Matt. 1:1–17) begins with Abraham and moves forward to Jesus, while Luke’s begins with Jesus and moves backward to Adam. Matthew gives us the genealogy of Joseph, the legal foster-father of Jesus, while Luke gives us the genealogy of His mother Mary. Luke 3:23 can be translated: “When He began His ministry, Jesus was about thirty years old (being supposedly the son of Joseph), the son of Heli [an ancestor of Mary].” Mary herself would not be mentioned because it was unusual for women to be named in the official genealogies, though Matthew names four of them (Matt. 1:3, 5, 16). By putting the genealogy here, Luke reminded his readers that the Son of God was also the Son of man, born into this world, identified with the needs and problems of mankind. And, since Joseph and Mary were both in David’s line, these genealogies prove that Jesus of Nazareth has the legal right to David’s throne (Luke 1:32–33). (Bible Exposition Commentary)
As was supposed - Here Luke indirectly speaks of the Virgin Birth. In a sense although Mary is not directly mentioned in this genealogy, she is indirectly alluded to by Luke! When Jesus was born the people obviously supposed Joseph was the true father, having no concept of the Spirit's role in the virgin Mary's pregnancy. Joseph was not His biologic Father but Mary was His biologic mother.
MacArthur writes that "The Greek text makes it clear that Joseph is not part of Luke’s genealogy. All the other names are preceded by the definite article tou, but Joseph is not, thus indicating that the mention of his name is parenthetical. The phrase could be more accurately rendered, “Jesus … being (as was supposed the son of Joseph) the son of Eli”; that is, the grandson of Eli through Mary. This is another compelling reason for viewing Luke’s genealogy as Mary’s. How could this be Joseph’s genealogy when Luke’s grammar makes it clear that Joseph was not part of it?" (Luke Commentary)
R. C. H. Lenski - How Luke could think of appending a genealogy of Joseph after saying that Jesus was only supposed to be a son of Joseph, i.e., a physical son, Luke himself having shown at length that this supposition was wrong, and that Jesus was a physical son only of Mary, has yet to be made clear by those who find the genealogy of Joseph here. (The Interpretation of St. Luke’s Gospel)
NET Note on as was supposed - The parenthetical remark as was supposed makes it clear that Joseph was not the biological father of Jesus.
Gotquestions (see full note below) says "Most conservative Bible scholars today take a different view, namely, that Luke is recording Mary’s genealogy and Matthew is recording Joseph’s. Matthew is following the line of Joseph (Jesus’ legal father), through David’s son Solomon, while Luke is following the line of Mary (Jesus’ blood relative), through David’s son Nathan. Since there was no Greek word for “son-in-law,” Joseph was called the “son of Heli” by marriage to Mary, Heli’s daughter. Through either Mary’s or Joseph’s line, Jesus is a descendant of David and therefore eligible to be the Messiah. Tracing a genealogy through the mother’s side is unusual, but so was the virgin birth. Luke’s explanation is that Jesus was the son of Joseph, “so it was thought” (Luke 3:23)."
Son of Eli - Heli or Eli, a name of the father of Joseph, about whom nothing is known.
SIGNIFICANCE OF ANCESTRY
TO THE JEWS
John MacArthur discusses the importance of ancestry to the Jews - To the Jews, genealogies were critical. (1) Ancestry determined one's claim on land. And that was based on the original tribal allocation of the land of Palestine. When the children of Israel went into the land of Palestine, God divided up the land and it was allocated according to tribal parcels. Nu 26:34, 35 address the issue that ancestry was very critical in determining anyone's claim on a piece of land. (2) Ancestry determined claims to the right of inheritance. Should a person come along and claim that they had a right to a property, they had a right to servants, they had a right to an estate, they had a right to crops, they had a right to material possessions, the determination of the validity of that claim would be placed upon the genealogy, and could the genealogy verify that claim that was critical for that. We find in the book of Ruth, for example, in chapters 3 and 4 that ancestry provided for the transfer of property. In order to transfer property, to sell property, to pass property, you had to prove that you had the right to do that and that there was some ancestral linkage in the transfer. (3) Ancestry established the basis of taxation. That's why when Joseph and Mary went to be taxed they went to Bethlehem because they were of the house and line of David. And that was the birthplace of that family and that's where they went because that's where their genealogical records were kept. And on the basis of those records, taxation was assessed. (4) Any claim to the priesthood had to be verified by genealogy. You find that, for example in the book of Esther 2:61,62. Anytime somebody made a claim to priesthood, it had to be proven that they were in fact in the priestly line. (5) Any claim to royalty, any claim to being king, Messiah, would have to have been verified, would have to have been proven that this one claiming to be king had lineage directly from the great king who was David himself. So if you claimed a royal pedigree, you had to prove it by your genealogy.
So in the theocracy of Israel — a kingdom under the rule of God...led by God-ordained priests and kings — in the theocracy of Israel, genealogies became very critical....And that is why the Jews kept...fastidious genealogical records, and the genealogy of Luke is indicative of that. He had access to the genealogy that he records here because it was likely a matter of the public record, as is the genealogy of Matthew 1. Yes, the Scripture is inspired by God, but inspiration from God does not mean that Luke or Matthew didn't have access to an actual record that was available in the public office and could be verified as the true and accurate genealogy of Jesus Christ. The Jews kept these accurate genealogies even after the Babylonian captivity. You remember in 586 B.C. Judah and Jerusalem was destroyed, the people were taken into captivity for seventy years and the nation really disintegrated at that point. But when they came back at the end of 70 years, one of the things they did along with rebuilding the temple, the city and the wall and reconstituting the nation was to get together all the genealogical records and they kept the records accurately from those ancient times through the captivity until all the records were destroyed in 70 A.D. When the Roman general Titus Vespasian destroyed Jerusalem in 70 A.D. all of the records were destroyed. And today, much to the chagrin and sadness of the Jewish people, nobody knows their lineage because all the records have been destroyed. They can trace their lineage back into New Testament times, perhaps, but they cannot go beyond that because all the records were destroyed in the destruction of Jerusalem. And that, by the design of God, because the system was done with at that point, there was no reason to keep genealogies anymore because the Messiah had arrived. And the purpose for which genealogies were kept was primarily for the Messiah, secondarily for the priesthood. But with the death of Jesus Christ on the cross, the priesthood came to an end as well. And so God through the Romans brought a judgment which caused the destruction of those records. But the time Luke wrote his gospel, of course, and at the time that Jesus came, the record was still intact. And it's very important as part of the credentials of the Messiah. If He is to be verified as the King, David's greater Son, who will rule, then He must have Davidic lineage.....The historian Josephus also writes that the Jews kept these genealogical records as a matter of public availability; that people could go into the public record and search out their genealogies. In fact, Josephus tells us that Jews who were caught up in the diaspora, the dispersion, scattered from Palestine all over the world, those Jews that were scattered around would when they had a child send the record of the birth of that child back to Jerusalem, or back to the place where the records for their family was kept in order that that child even though outside the land would be entered into the genealogical record. They wanted an official record to be maintained and it was....
Joseph and Mary...knew their family records went back to David. That's why they went to Bethlehem to be taxed because that was the city of David....they were surely aware of the fact that the prophets had said that the Messiah, the great King, the Christ would come to the house of David.... David had a number of sons and through those sons came many lines and, of course, they multiplied down from David all the way to the time of Christ so that there were many people who could trace their lineage back to David. But still it was a great privilege and a great hope that somebody in their family would be the mother of the great King and the Messiah....many of the Greeks also kept their genealogical records. So they too would understand the role that a genealogy would play, especially when someone claimed to be royal blood and a right to be the king. So the people to whom Luke writes — whether they are Jews or Gentiles — would understand why he includes this ancestry. For us, we look at ancestry as a matter of going back to your roots for emotional, psychological recreational or curiosity reasons, not them...Genealogy then becomes absolutely critical. It isn't the only credential of the Messiah because there were many who could trace their lineage back. As I said, even the Rabbi Hillel was of the line of David. That doesn't make him the Messiah. There were many others in the line of David. That isn't the only credential but it is one that is essential because while it can't affirm you as the Messiah, the absence of it could discredit you as the Messiah. And so it's important for Luke to include the credentials of the Messiah. (The Messiah's Royal Lineage)
TWO GENEALOGIES:
Matthew Thru Joseph
Luke Thru Mary
John MacArthur gives a lucid discussion of why Matthew's genealogy is through Joseph and Luke's genealogy is through Mary - it hinges especially on the fact that there are two grandfathers mentioned for Jesus. Read his interesting account...
Now there are some differences in the names in the two records (Matthew 1:1-17, Luke 3)....In Matthew's genealogy and in Luke's genealogy we have different names in the records. Now let me... Let me help you to see what I'm saying. Luke traces Jesus' line back to David through Nathan. Look at Lk 3:31, "Son of Nathan, son of David." Now Nathan was David's third son born to Bathsheba. You remember Bathsheba? Okay, Nathan was her third son...David's third son, I should say, born to Bathsheba. So this line in Luke goes back to David through his son, Nathan. But the first son born to Bathsheba was whom? Solomon. And the genealogy in Matthew goes back through Solomon. So in Matthew's genealogy you go back through Solomon to David. In Luke's genealogy you go back through Nathan to David. So you have two different lines. You have one being all the people who came out of Solomon...another, all the people who came out of Nathan. Secondly, Matthew identifies Jesus' grandfather as a man named Jacob (Mt 1:16). It says Jesus' earthly father was Joseph and his (Joseph's) father was Jacob. But Luke 3:23 says that Jesus' grandfather's name is Eli, or Heli....Now this is a difference. So you've got two sons of David. That's different. And you've got two grandfathers of Jesus, one being Jacob in the genealogy of Matthew, one being Eli in the genealogy of Luke. Both are royal lines because both come out of David. Solomon comes out of David, Nathan comes out of David. You have both those royal lines. Interestingly, from David to Abraham the genealogy of Matthew and Luke are identical. From David back to Abraham, the names are the same. But from David down, the names are completely different. When you read the genealogy in Matthew 1 and you go Joseph, Jacob, you go through a list of names back to Solomon. Then you come here, you read Eli, and you go through a list of names back to Nathan. Those lists are completely different names. So what you have then is two genealogies, right? They have two grandfathers, going back to two sons of David with different names. Very simple, you have two genealogies. You'd be amazed how people struggle to try to explain that. I don't know what the struggle is all about. Everybody has two genealogies like that. One is maternal and one is paternal. In Matthew you have the genealogy of Joseph through his father Jacob back to David through Solomon. In Luke you have the gene...genealogy of Mary through her father, Eli. So Jesus, like everybody, had two grandfathers. He had a paternal grandfather through his father named Jacob. He had a grandfather through his mother named Eli. Now it's very important to note this. What you have then in Matthew is the genealogy of Jesus back through Joseph. In Luke is the genealogy of Jesus back through Mary.
Now that is the simplest explanation of the differences in the names. The names are the same once you hit David because all you have to do is go back to David to prove the royal blood. That's where it starts. The names are the same from David to Abraham. They're different because they come through Solomon on Joseph's side, and through Nathan on Mary's side. It's that simple.
Now was this important? Absolutely important because: Anybody who ascended to the throne got the legal right to the throne through his father, through his father. Even if there was an adoption the father still made that son a legal son by adoption. And Jesus could only receive the right to rule through His father. Genealogical records were traced through the males. That's why there are no females listed in Luke's genealogy. There are no females listed in the entire seventy-seven names because they come through the males. Even though it's Mary's genealogy, no female is mentioned, not even Mary is mentioned, and I'll explain that in a moment because that was not the form in a classic genealogy..... Jesus, though He was not the human son of Joseph, received His legal right to the throne from His adopted father, Joseph. Joseph was considered the true father of Jesus when he was the husband of Mary, even though Jesus was not His son physically. Because he married Mary whose son Jesus was, he became the legal father of Jesus. Therefore, from Joseph Jesus receives the legal right to the throne. It's interesting, just as a footnote. In that line from Solomon there's a name of a man, Jeconiah. Jeconiah was cursed and the curse on Jeconiah is in Jeremiah 22:24-30 and it says, "Jeconiah is cursed and no son of his will ever sit on the throne of Israel, ever." That's interesting because that's Joseph's line. Isn't that amazing? No son of his ever did sit on the throne. Jesus was not the son of Joseph. He did receive the legal right but he was not the natural child. So the curse was intact. (See another source - What is the curse of Jeconiah?)
Now, Luke then gives the genealogy of Mary back through Nathan, Solomon's brother. Matthew gives the paternal, Luke the maternal. Matthew goes Joseph, Jacob, Solomon, David and Luke goes Mary, Eli, Nathan, David. And again, the legal right comes from the father but somebody might want to argue that, somebody might want to say, yeah, yeah, that's the way we've done it, yeah we agree, adoption, etc., etc. But in the case of the Messiah, it's got to be the li... It’s got to be the blood of David, he’s got to be a blue blood. He’s got to have the real stuff.
And so, here is the genealogy of Mary which Luke gives under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit to prove not only does He have the legal right to rule through His father, but He has the blood of David in his veins because of His mother. So either way, He is a descendant of David. He can be King legally through Joseph. He can be King naturally through Mary. The credentials are clear, they are detailed and they are irrefutable.....
Now I take a little time with this because you'll notice something. This is the genealogy of Mary but she's not mentioned. And I think that's what trips up some people. They say, "Is this the genealogy of Mary? She's not mentioned." No, Luke takes the classic form of genealogical record and he keeps it male. There aren't any women named in the entire genealogy, not even Mary. So he has to skip. Now a virgin birth is a one-time deal so there's no formula for how you do this, right? How do you do a genealogy when there was no father? So Luke has to invent a way to do that. He doesn't mention Mary. He wants to stick to the male approach so the first male in the line would be Jesus' grandfather on the maternal side, right? The first male would be Mary's father, and that's Eli, or Heli, so he jumps immediately to that and then traces the line all the way back through Nathan. And he sticks with the typical classic form of genealogical recording through only the male.....
What strikes me as curious is, you study the entire New Testament, you never, ever, ever find anyone making the claim that Jesus didn't come from David, never. They never brought it up. It was never an issue. And believe me, they would have wanted it to become an issue but the records indicated that He was in fact as He claimed to be, a Son of David and they couldn't bring it up because it was the truth. Certainly in all their evil imaginations against Jesus, in all their attempts to discredit Him and do away with Him, they would have looked at those genealogical records and, I'm sure they did, and it only was verified that He did indeed descend from David through the line of His father, Joseph, his legal father, and through the bloodline of His mother, Mary, His true human mother. Maybe they would have said, "Well, you know, those believers in Jesus, they claim He was virgin born, that He was virgin born. So maybe that disqualifies the Joseph side of the thing, we'll check on Mary." Well, Mary was from David, too. There never was a denial of that. In fact, in Matthew 21:9, a famous day, we call it Palm Sunday, Jesus came into the city of Jerusalem and the whole population was there. And you know it was the time of the great feast. They were all gathered there. You remember what happened as He came in. This is what they said, "The multitudes” Matthew 21:9 “and those following after crying out, 'Hosanna to the Son of David.'" Never a question, never a question; through His father legally, through His mother naturally.
(The Messiah's Royal Lineage)
Why are Jesus' genealogies in Matthew and Luke so different? (from Gotquestions - a resource I highly recommend as conservative, evangelical and thoroughly Biblical).
Answer: Jesus' genealogy is given in two places in Scripture: Matthew 1 and Luke 3:23-38. Matthew traces the genealogy from Jesus to Abraham. Luke traces the genealogy from Jesus to Adam. However, there is good reason to believe that Matthew and Luke are in fact tracing entirely different genealogies. For example, Matthew gives Joseph's father as Jacob (Matthew 1:16), while Luke gives Joseph's father as Heli (Luke 3:23). Matthew traces the line through David's son Solomon (Matthew 1:6), while Luke traces the line through David's son Nathan (Luke 3:31). In fact, between David and Jesus, the only names the genealogies have in common are Shealtiel and Zerubbabel (Matthew 1:12; Luke 3:27).
Some point to these differences as evidence of errors in the Bible. However, the Jews were meticulous record keepers, especially in regard to genealogies. It is inconceivable that Matthew and Luke could build two entirely contradictory genealogies of the same lineage. Again, from David through Jesus, the genealogies are completely different. Even the reference to Shealtiel and Zerubbabel likely refer to different individuals of the same names. Matthew gives Shealtiel's father as Jeconiah while Luke gives Shealtiel's father as Neri. It would be normal for a man named Shealtiel to name his son Zerubbabel in light of the famous individuals of those names (see the books of Ezra and Nehemiah).
One explanation, held by the church historian Eusebius, is that Matthew is tracing the primary, or biological, lineage while Luke is taking into account an occurrence of “levirate marriage.” If a man died without having any sons, it was tradition for the man’s brother to marry the widow and have a son who would carry on the deceased man’s name. According to Eusebius’s theory, Melchi (Luke 3:24) and Matthan (Matthew 1:15) were married at different times to the same woman (tradition names her Estha). This would make Heli (Luke 3:23) and Jacob (Matthew 1:15) half-brothers. Heli then died without a son, and so his (half-)brother Jacob married Heil’s widow, who gave birth to Joseph. This would make Joseph the “son of Heli” legally and the “son of Jacob” biologically. Thus, Matthew and Luke are both recording the same genealogy (Joseph’s), but Luke follows the legal lineage while Matthew follows the biological.
Most conservative Bible scholars today take a different view, namely, that Luke is recording Mary’s genealogy and Matthew is recording Joseph’s. Matthew is following the line of Joseph (Jesus’ legal father), through David’s son Solomon, while Luke is following the line of Mary (Jesus’ blood relative), through David’s son Nathan. Since there was no Greek word for “son-in-law,” Joseph was called the “son of Heli” by marriage to Mary, Heli’s daughter. Through either Mary’s or Joseph’s line, Jesus is a descendant of David and therefore eligible to be the Messiah. Tracing a genealogy through the mother’s side is unusual, but so was the virgin birth. Luke’s explanation is that Jesus was the son of Joseph, “so it was thought” (Luke 3:23).
Luke 3:24 the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph
Luke 3:23-28 The Genealogy of Jesus - Steven Cole
Luke 3:23-38 The Messiah's Royal Lineage - John MacArthur
MESSIAH'S FAMILY
Note that "son" is not in Greek but added throughout this list. MacArthur makes a good point - It is added to help us but it could be grandson. It's the one of so-and-so, then the one born of so-and-so, then the one born of so-and-so. But it leaves us a little bit of leeway to allow for grandsons and great grandsons and to expand the genealogy a little bit. Some names are skipped in the genealogies.
Bible Knowledge Commentary: Verses 23-38 list 76 names including Jesus and Adam and excluding God. Contrary to Matthew's genealogy, Luke's genealogy begins with Jesus and works back to God. Matthew began with Abraham and worked forward to Jesus in three sets of 14 generations. Other differences exist between the two genealogies. Luke included 20 names prior to Abraham, and he stated that Adam was "the son of God." In addition Luke's and Matthew's lists from David to Shealtiel (during the time of the Exile) differ. That is because the lists trace different lines. Luke traced David's line through Nathan, whereas Matthew traced it through Solomon.
Son of Matthat - transliterated from the Hebrew Matthat, meaning gift of God, two persons in the genealogy of Jesus - (1) the father of Eli in the genealogy of Jesus (Lk 3:24); (2) the father of Jorim in the genealogy of Jesus (Lk 3:29) Nothing else is known of him.
Son of Levi - transliterated from the Hebr. Lēwī (03878), joining. Of course not the third son of Jacob (Ge 29:34) or a tax collector and one of the twelve apostles, but the Son of Melchi. Nothing else is known of him.
Son of Melchi- transliterated from the Hebrew Melchi, meaning my king. The father of Levi (Lk 3:24), father of Neri (Lk 3:28).
Son of Jannai- transliterated from the Hebrew Janna, meaning whom Jehovah bestows. Nothing else is known of him.
Son of Joseph - Common name in Israel, transliterated from the Hebrew Yōsēph (03130), may God add. Joseph, the name of seven persons in the NT. . Nothing else is known of this Joseph.
Luke 3:25 the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos, the son of Nahum, the son of Hesli, the son of Naggai
Luke 3:23-38 The Messiah's Royal Lineage - John MacArthur
Note that "son" is not in Greek but added throughout this list.
Mattathias - Nothing else known.
Amos - transliterated from the Hebrew ʾĀmōts (0531). Amos, meaning strong. Nothing else known.
Nahum - transliterated from the Hebr. Nachūm (05151), comfort. Nothing else known.
Hesli (Esli) - transliterated from the Hebr. Esli, meaning reserved by Jehovah. Nothing else known.
Naggai - Nagge, meaning shining. Nothing else known.
Luke 3:26 the son of Maath, the son of Mattathias, the son of Semein, the son of Josech, the son of Joda
Maath - transliterated from the Hebrew Maath, meaning small.
Semein - transliterated from the Hebrew Shimeʿī (08096), renowned. Semei or Shemei
Josech - Nothing else known.
Joda - Nothing else known.
Luke 3:27 the son of Joanan, the son of Rhesa, the son of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, the son of Neri
Joanan - Nothing else known.
Rhesa - Nothing else known.
Zerubbabel - Mt 1:12. Governor of Judea appointed by the Persians when the Jews returned from Babylonian exile. He supervised the rebuilding of the Temple (Ezra 3:2, 8).
Shealtiel - Salathiel. Most modern English translations use the OT form of the name (Shealtiel, Ezra 3:2). 1 Chr 3:17 identifies Jeconiah as the father of Shealtiel. The judgment on Jeconiah’s line (Jer 22:30) may be reflected here.
MacArthur - The names from Eli (v. 23) to Rhesa (v. 27) and from Neri (v. 27) to Mattatha (v. 31) do not appear anywhere else in Scripture. All that can be said of them is that they were common Jewish names of the time. The names of Zerubbabel and Shealtiel sandwiched in between are known; in fact, they are the only two names after David’s time that are common to both the genealogies of Luke and Matthew. It is possible that the names refer to different individuals, and that there was a father named Shealtiel and a son named Zerubbabel in both genealogies. Or a levirate marriage may account for their presence in both genealogies. Zerubbabel himself may have been the child of a levirate marriage, since 1 Chronicles 3:19 lists Pedaiah as his father, while the Old Testament elsewhere calls him the son of Shealtiel (e.g., Ezra 3:2; Neh. 12:1; Hag. 1:1), the brother of Pedaiah (1 Chron. 3:17–18). Similarly, Luke refers to Neri as the father of Shealtiel, while 1 Chronicles 3:17 lists Jeconiah as his father. Again, this is either another case of levirate marriage, or adoption. (See more discussion in his sermon - The Messiah's Royal Lineage)
Luke 3:28 the son of Melchi, the son of Addi, the son of Cosam, the son of Elmadam, the son of Er
Addi - Nothing else known.
Cosam - Nothing else known.
Elmadam - Nothing else known.
Luke 3:29 the son of Joshua, the son of Eliezer, the son of Jorim, the son of Matthat, the son of Levi
Luke 3:30 the son of Simeon, the son of Judah, the son of Joseph, the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim
Luke 3:31 the son of Melea, the son of Menna, the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan, the son of David
Nathan - 2Sa 5:14 1Ch 3:5 14:4 Zec 12:12 David's third son, born to him in Jerusalem (2 Sam 5:14); he is not to be confused with Nathan the prophet (2 Sam 7:2).
NET Note - The use of Nathan here as the son of David is different than Matthew, where Solomon is named. Nathan was David’s third son. It is not entirely clear what causes the difference. Some argue Nathan stresses a prophetic connection, but it is not clear how (through confusion with the prophet Nathan?). Others note the absence of a reference to Jeconiah later, so that here there is a difference to show the canceling out of this line. The differences appear to mean that Matthew’s line is a “royal and physical” line, while Luke has a “royal and legal” line.
Son of David - The mention of David begins a series of agreements with Matthew’s line. The OT background is 1 Chr 2:1–15 and Ruth 4:18–22. (NET Note)
John MacArthur - By the way, none of those names, except Shealtiel and Zerubbabel, appear in Matthew's genealogy. So that's the only place the lines crossed. They're two distinct lines, one back to Nathan, one back to Solomon. Once you hit David in Lk 3:31, the names become the same in both genealogies from David all the way back to Abraham. Abraham is indicated in Lk 3:34. So when you go from David to Abraham, it's the same as Matthew's genealogy. And, of course, Matthew's genealogy stops at Abraham and so after Abraham you go back, Terah, Nahor, Serug, Reu, you go all the way back, Lk 3:38, Enosh, Seth, Adam, God. And that's basically the flow of the genealogy. From Neri to Nathan are names we don't know anything about. In fact, from Heli back the only names we know or recognize are Zerubbabel and Shealtiel all the way back. But when we hit David, the names are very familiar because the names from David to Abraham are recorded in the Bible so we know those names. (The Messiah's Royal Lineage)
Luke 3:32 the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Salmon, the son of Nahshon
Son of Jesse - Ru 4:18-22 1Sa 17:58 20:31 1Ki 12:16 1Ch 2:10-15 Ps 72:20 Isa 11:1,2 Mt 1:3-6 Ac 13:22,23
Obed - Mt 1:5. Ru +4:17. Nu 1:7. 2:3. 7:12. 1 Ch 2:11, 12
Boaz - Ruth 2:1; Ruth 2:3; Ruth 2:4; Ruth 2:5; Ruth 2:8; Ruth 2:11; Ruth 2:14; Ruth 2:15; Ruth 2:19; Ruth 2:23; Ruth 3:2; Ruth 3:7; Ruth 4:1; Ruth 4:5; Ruth 4:8; Ruth 4:9; Ruth 4:13; Ruth 4:21; 1 Ki. 7:21; 1 Chr. 2:11; 1 Chr. 2:12; 2 Chr. 3:17; Matt. 1:5; Lk. 3:32
Salmon - Ruth 4:20; Ruth 4:21; 1 Ch 2:51, 54. Matt. 1:4; Matt. 1:5; Lk. 3:32
NET Note - The reading Σαλά (Sala, “Sala”) is found in the best and earliest witnesses (𝔓4 א* B sys sa). Almost all the rest of the MSS (א2 A D L Θ Ψ 0102 [f1, 13] 33 𝔐 latt syp,h bo) have Σαλμών (Salmōn, “Salmon”), an assimilation to Matt 1:4–5 and 1 Chr 2:11 (LXX). “In view of the early tradition that Luke was a Syrian of Antioch it is perhaps significant that the form Σαλά appears to embody a Syriac tradition” (TCGNT 113).
Nahshon - Ex 6:23. Nu 1:7. 2:3. 7:12, 17. 10:14. Mt 1:4.
Luke 3:33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Ram, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah
NET Note - The number and order of the first few names in this verse varies greatly in the MSS. The variants which are most likely to be original based upon external evidence are Amminadab, Aram (A D 33 565 [1424] pm lat); Amminadab, Aram, Joram (K Δ Ψ 700 2542 pm); Adam, Admin, Arni (𝔓4vid א* 1241 pc sa); and Amminadab, Admin, Arni (א2 L X [Γ] f13 pc). Deciding between these variants is quite difficult. The reading “Amminadab, Aram” is the strongest externally since it is represented by Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine witnesses, although it is significantly weaker internally because it disrupts the artistic balance of the number of generations and their groups that three names would preserve (see TCGNT 113, fn. 1 for discussion). In this case, the subtle intrinsic arguments that would most likely be overlooked by scribes argues for the reading “Amminadab, Admin, Arni,” although a decision is quite difficult because of the lack of strong external support.
Amminadab - Ru 4:19,20 1Ch 2:9,10 Matt. 1:4; Luke 3:33
Admin - Matt. 1:3, 4; Luke 3:33
Hezron (Mt 1:3; Lk 3:33).
Perez - Ge 38:29 Ru 4:12 1Ch 2:4,5 9:4
Judah - Ge 29:35 49:8, Judah, Mt 1:2
Luke 3:34 the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham, the son of Terah, the son of Nahor
NET Note - The list now picks up names from Gen 11:10–26; 5:1–32; 1 Chr 1:1–26, especially 1 Chr 1:24–26.
Jacob - Lk 1:33. Ge 29:35. Mt 1:2. Messianic prophecy in Nu 24:17.
Isaac: Ge 21:3 25:26 1Ch 1:34 Mt 1:2 Ac 7:8 Ro 9:6-8. He 11:17-19
Abraham -Luke 3:8, 8. Lk 1:55, 73. 13:16, 28. 16:22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30. 19:9. 20:37. Mt 1:1, 2, 17. 3:9, 9. 8:11. 22:32. Mk 12:26. Jn 8:33, 37, 39, 39, 40, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58. Ac 3:13, 25. 7:2, 16, 17, 32. 13:26. Ro 4:1, 2, 3, 9, 12, 13, 16. 9:7. 11:1. 2 Co 11:22. Ga 3:6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 16, 18, 29. 4:22. He 2:16. 6:13. 7:1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9. 11:8, 17. Ja 2:21, 23. 1 P 3:6. Ge 17:5. Ge 12:3. 21:3, 22:18. 26:4. 28:14. Mt 1:1. Lk 1:54, 55. Jn 11:51, 52. Ac 3:25. Ro 4:13. Ga 3:8, 16.
Terah: Ge 11:24-32 Jos 24:2 1Ch 1:24-28,
Nahor - Ge 11:22
Luke 3:35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu, the son of Peleg, the son of Heber, the son of Shelah,
Serug: Ge 11:18-21
Reu - Ge 11:18
Peleg: Ge 10:25
Heber: Ge 11:16,17
Shelah: Ge 10:24 11:12-15
Luke 3:36 the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad, the son of Shem, the son of Noah, the son of Lamech,
NET Note on Cainan - It is possible that the name Καϊνάμ (Kainam) should be omitted, since two key MSS, 𝔓75vid and D, lack it. But the omission may be a motivated reading: This name is not found in the editions of the Hebrew OT, though it is in the LXX, at Gen 11:12 and 10:24. But the witnesses with this reading (or a variation of it) are substantial: א B L f1 33 (Καϊνάμ), A Θ Ψ 0102 f13 𝔐 (Καϊνάν, Kainan). The translation above has adopted the more common spelling “Cainan,” although it is based on the reading Καϊνάμ.
Shem : Ge 5:32 7:13 9:18,26,27 10:21,22 11:10-26 1Ch 1:17
Noah : Lu 17:27 Ge 5:29,30 6:8-10,22 7:1,23 8:1 9:1 Eze 14:14 Heb 11:7 1Pe 3:20 2Pe 2:5
Lamech - Ge 4:18.
Who were the sons of Noah, and what happened to them and their descendants?
What is the biblical account of Shem, Ham, and Japheth?
Why did Lamech think Noah would bring comfort (Genesis 5:29)?
Luke 3:37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch, the son of Jared, the son of Mahalaleel, the son of Cainan,
Methuselah: Ge 5:6-28 1Ch 1:1-3
Enoch - He 11:5. Jude 14. Ge +5:21
Jared - Ge 5:15
Mahalaleel - NET Note - Here the Greek text reads Mahalaleel. Some modern English translations follow the Greek spelling (NASB, NRSV) while others (NIV) use the OT form of the name (Gen 5:12, 15).
Cainan - NET Note - Greek text has Kainam here. Some modern English translations follow the Greek spelling more closely (NASB, NRSV Cainan) while others (NIV) use the OT form of the name (Kenan in Gen 5:9, 12).
Who was Methuselah in the Bible?
Who was Enoch in the Bible?
Luke 3:38 the son of Enosh, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God
son of Adam: Ge 4:25,26 5:3
of God : Ge 1:26,27 2:7 5:1,2 Isa 64:8 Ac 17:26-29 1Co 15:45,47
Enosh - Greek Enos, a variant spelling of Enosh. See Ge 4:26, 5:6
Seth - third son of Adam and Eve, born after Cain murdered Abel and God banished him (Ge 4:25-26).
Adam - Ro 5:14. 1 Co 15:22, 45, 45. 1 Ti 2:13, 14. Jude 14. Ge 2:19. Ge 4:25, 26. 5:3.
Of God - Ge 1:26, 27. 2:7. 5:1, 2. Is 64:8. Ac 17:26-29. 1 Co 15:45, 47. He 12:9.
John MacArthur summarizes Luke's lineage - Mary's line goes back through all the essential components, all the way back to David, through David back to Abraham, through Abraham back to Adam and even back to God. Just a closing note. Why all of this? It's credentials. But can I just take four of the elements of it and sum up the person of Jesus? Start at the end, Lk 3:38. He is the Son of God. He is the Son of God. He goes all the way back to God. Adam was a son of God by creation. And when Adam was created he fully bore the image of God. He was a son of God, a real son of God like God designed men to be sons of God. He bore the image of God unmarred, unspoiled, unpolluted, uncorrupted until he fell into sin. And when Adam sinned, the original image of God was shattered, it was broken and no one has ever entered into the world a true son of God like Adam was, except Jesus. Every one of Adam's descendants has been stained with the sin of Adam and the likeness of God has been corrupted (cf Ro 5:12). But Jesus came into the world fully pleasing God. As God said in Lk 3:22, "This is My beloved Son in whom I am well pleased." He as man was what Adam once was, sinless, perfect man bearing absolutely perfectly the image of God. He was the true Son of God, the truest Son of God that had ever come into the world since Adam. And more than the true Son of God humanly, He is the true Son of God divinely, isn't He? But He is not only Son of God, He's Son of Adam. He is like us, tempted, troubled, suffering, persecuted, hated, reviled and killed. He is a son of Adam come all the way down to the pit, not like Adam, He didn't descend into disobedience, He descended into obedience (cf Ro 5:14-18, 19). But He is every bit of what Adam is. He is fully Man in every sense, firmly anchored in heaven as a Son of God. He is also fully anchored to earth as Son of Man; God as to His deity, man as to His humanity. He is Son of God, son of Adam, deity and humanity. Then He is son of Abraham as to His nationality. That is He is the promised seed. When God made a promise to Abraham it was to a seed, Galatians 3:16 says, and He is the promised seed who will bring all Abrahamic blessing. And He is also Son of David as to royalty, the promised King who would usher in the glory of all the Davidic promise (cf 2 Sa 7:12, 13). Son of God, son of Adam, son of Abraham, Son of David; He is deity, He is humanity, He is nationality, that is to say He is the One who brings to pass all of Abrahamic promise. He is royalty who will bring in the glorious kingdom promised to David. The hymn writer put it this way. "Oh what a Savior is mine, in Him God's mercies combined, and,” said the hymn writer, “He loves me." (Messiah's Royal Lineage)
Take a moment and worship Jesus, fully God, fully Man,
As you listen to this great old song "HE IS!"
Life Application Commentary - Why would Luke take this much space in a document of this length to talk about Jesus’ ancestry? Several competing ideas have been suggested, but one thing seems clear: Luke, the careful historian, was anchoring Jesus in history. He (Jesus) was not some mystical figure who appeared on the scene for a while, said and did some remarkable things, and then faded into the mist. He was a Jew, born in Bethlehem of Judea to a Jewish couple, Joseph and Mary. He was born “when the fullness of time had come” (Galatians 4:4 NRSV), and he died very publicly one Friday outside Jerusalem. The Christian Messiah is not merely a literary or philosophical character. He is a real person, a real man, someone who understands what it is like to be human. When you pray, you don’t have to wonder whether or not he understands. He does.
NLT Study Bible on Adam the son of God: Adam had no earthly father since God created him. In the temptation that follows, Satan repeatedly says to Jesus, "If you are the Son of God...." Adam, the first son of God, failed when tested, but Jesus, the Son of God in the fullest sense, successfully resisted temptation.
NET Note - The reference to the son of God here is not to a divine being, but to one directly formed by the hand of God. He is made in God's image, so this phrase could be read as appositional ("Adam, that is, the son of God"). See Acts 17:28–29.
Kent Hughes on the son of Adam, the son of God - This ending is one-of-a-kind. There is no parallel in the Old Testament or in rabbinic texts for a genealogy to begin or end with the name of God. Luke’s ending the genealogy in this way shouts for attention. What Luke wants us to understand is that Adam was “the son of God” in the sense that all humans are the offspring of God, just as Paul told the Athenians: “ ‘For in him we live and move and have our being.’ As some of your own poets have said, ‘We are his offspring’ ” (Acts 17:28). Therefore as the first man, Adam can be referred to as “the son of God.” But Jesus, the eternal Son of God, has become part of the human family and its flawed sonship (flawed because of Adam’s disobedience). The great thing about this is that Jesus exercises his perfect, eternal Sonship as he takes on Adam’s (and our) flawed sonship—and therefore he can redeem it. Paul put it this way: “For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive.… So it is written: ‘The first man Adam became a living being’; the last Adam, a life-giving spirit” (1 Corinthians 15:22, 45). And again in Romans 5:17, “For if, by the trespass of the one man, death reigned through that one man, how much more will those who receive God’s abundant provision of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man, Jesus Christ.” (Preach the Word - Luke)
Henry Morris on son of God - Adam, like the angels (Job 1:6), is called a son of God for the obvious reason that he (like they) was created, not born.
Christ the Son of God
Became a son of Adam
That we sons of Adam
Might become sons of God.
All Luke Resources
Luke Sermons
Our Deliverer is Coming
Luke Commentaries & Sermons
Luke Devotionals & Sermon Illustrations
Luke Devotionals
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1559
|
__label__wiki
| 0.678442
| 0.678442
|
12 Rounds With … Dominic Breazeale
Jun 27, 2018 By Lem Satterfield
Heavyweight contender talks about how fighting is in his family's DNA and how he plans to dethrone heavyweight champion Deontay Wilder.
Breazeale vs Ugonoh Highlights: February 25, 2017
Heavyweight contender Dominic “Trouble” Breazeale has been seeking a title shot against champion Deontay Wilder for more than a year. His desire to face Wilder increased following impressive stoppages of Izu Ugonoh and Eric Molina on the undercards of the WBC champ’s title defenses last year.
While the wins didn’t solidified Breazeale (19-1-0, 17 knockouts) as Wilder’s mandatory challenger, they propelled him into the WBC’s No. 2-ranked position. Being so close to his long-awaited title shot has whetted Breazeale’s appetite and has him eagerly awaiting the call that will place him in the ring across from Wilder (40-0, 39 KOs).
When that call arrives and the offer to challenge Wilder is presented, the 32-year-old Breazeale—who fell short in his title bid against Anthony Joshua in June 2016—vows to immediately accept it. And he is very confident of dethroning Wilder.
Since the death of his mother, Christina, who die from a heart attack in December 2015, Breazeale’s determination to become world heavyweight champion has increased. Shortly after his mother’s passing, the former starting quarterback at the University of Northern Colorado, learned that his father, Harold Lee Breazeale, was an amateur boxer. The elder Breazeale, however, was incarcerated for much of Dominic’s childhood. He died eight years ago.
Though Harold Lee Breazeale did not play an influential role in his son’s life, his success as an amateur boxer left an impression on the California native as he now knows that boxing is deep in his genes.
What have you done, conditioning-wise, since your last fight?
I’ve been treating my situation as if the phone is going to ring at any moment or any day and that I’m going to be fighting this weekend, so I’ve continued to stay on my P’s and Q’s. I’m an individual who knows that boxing isn’t going to last forever, and I want to end it as soon as I can and as fast as I can.
Of course after every fight I take a couple of days off—usually about 10 days—to enjoy the family. Then, I get back to the drawing board. Boxing-wise, I’ve been with my trainer, Manny Robles, at Legendz Boxing Gym in Norwalk, California.
Of course, we’re always working on right-hand power, a good jab, balance, good general fundamental technical skills and things like that. We’ve been doing a little sparring with light heavyweights and cruiserweights to work on the speed and defense.
Strength and conditioning-wise, my trainer, Darryl Hudson, has been doing a phenomenal job. We’ve been doing plyometrics and hitting the tracks, working on speed and agility. We’ve been doing a ton of Olympic lifts like power cleans, deadlifts, squats and a more structured core workout.
Was it helpful to have sparred Gerald Washington in advance of his loss to Wilder?
Gerald and I spar a lot, and we always give each other good rounds. Prior to him getting his call for Wilder, we did so again. It was a last-minute call, so he didn’t get a lot of time to prepare for Deontay. But I thought he did well for the first two or three rounds.
Gerald boxed really well and was giving Deontay a ton of problems, but then, little by little, with the experience that Deontay has, he started picking Gerald apart and landing his shots. But when I was getting ready for the Izu fight, Gerald was a big help, being that I had a big, well-conditioned fighter in front of me.
What did you see from ringside in Wilder's victory over Washington?
Sitting at ringside and watching what Gerald was able to do with Deontay for the first couple of rounds, I definitely knew at that point that I could beat Deontay. I was literally champing at the bit. I thought maybe the first round was a flaw, but when Round 2 came, Gerald was still doing it.
I was thinking that when I get my opportunity against Deontay, it’s going to be an easier day at the office than it was against Izu or Molina. Deontay is very awkward, which is crazy knowing that he’s gotten so far being a former U.S. Olympic bronze medalist in 40 professional fights and doesn’t really have any fundamental skills.
You would think that he would be more under control when he’s gotten somebody hurt, but he’s almost like a street fighter in there. You get a lot of people making fun of the heavyweight champion of the world.
You also have individuals who don’t even know who he is. That’s because of the fact that his art is not as honed-in as it should be, if that makes sense.
“ If Deontay Wilder ends up fighting Anthony Joshua, I’ll be rooting for Wilder because I want my payback and the only way for me to get that is one-on-one inside of the square. ” Heavyweight contender Dominic Breazeale
How beneficial was fighting on two of Wilder’s undercards, and what are your thoughts on his stoppage of Ortiz?
I’ve paid close attention to Deontay’s last three fights, and I’ve seen a lot more weaknesses than I’ve seen strengths, particularly when he has someone hurt. When you smell blood, you’re supposed to go in for the kill, but his fundamental skills aren’t there and he falls apart.
With his big, wild, looping shots, Deontay is so unorthodox that it’s not even funny. It’s almost like a circus act. Strength-wise, we all know that he’s got a big right hand, but at the same time, I don’t know if he’s ever knocked anybody down or knocked anybody out who has been tested or has a chin.
How do you see yourself matching up with Wilder?
Well Deontay and I are about the same height, but I believe that what he weighed for Ortiz was at 214. You’re 14 pounds away from fighting at cruiserweight, so there is no way in hell that you should be getting any respect from anybody who is above 230 pounds.
I respect anybody who gets into the ring. But when you’re talking about me at 6-foot-7, 250, or Anthony Joshua at 6-foot-6, 254 pounds, those are two big, heavy-handed guys who get respect the first time that they hit somebody in the first-or second round.
Deontay has shown me nothing that I go into the gym worrying about. It just seems like Deontay Wilder, time and time again, has been getting lucky to land that right hand because he’s just been lucky to fight guys who haven’t had their chins truly tested.
Given Wilder could be on a collision course with Joshua—and you’ve lost to Joshua—who would you rather face?
I won my last fight to become the WBC’s mandatory. Deontay Wilder has the WBC title, and that’s the one that I want. If Deontay Wilder ends up fighting Anthony Joshua, I’ll be rooting for Wilder because I want my payback and the only way for me to get that is one-on-one inside of the square.
But at the same time, if Joshua-Wilder does happen, I’ll call [Joshua’s promoter] myself and I’ll tell him that I’m coming to camp to spar with Joshua because I want to help him put the baddest beat-down on Deontay Wilder possible.
You discovered after your mother’s passing that your father, whom you never met was a boxer—meaning the sport’s in your blood—and now your youngest son, Dominic, wants to box?
I’m not sure if it’s because he feels as if his back is against the wall or he’s being treated like the younger brother or what have you. But he’s the aggressive one who is not taking anything from anybody. He’s always ready to fight at the drop of a dime.
It’s one of those things that when your 4-year-old comes to you and says, “Dad, I want to learn how to box,” you think to yourself: “Well, why is my son thinking this way? Who’s threatening him? What’s going on?”
But that’s just his mentality. He’s eager to learn self-defense and how to stand up for himself. It’s going to help him when it comes to the times [when] his older brothers are gonna pick on him. It’ll be his way to get back at them.
For a closer look at Dominic “Trouble” Breazeale, check out his fighter page.
Dominic Breazeale
12 Rounds With
May 19, 2019 / Wilder vs Breazeale, Deontay Wilder, Dominic Breazeale, Gary Russell Jr, Kiko Martinez
Wilder Flattens Breazeale in One, Retains World Title
Wilder joins the pantheon of heavyweight greats, making the ninth defense of his WBC World Heavyweight title with an explosive first-round KO over Dominic Breazeale Saturday night on PBC on SHOWTIME.
May 17, 2019 / Wilder vs Breazeale, Deontay Wilder, Dominic Breazeale
Wilder vs. Breazeale: Bad Blood in Brooklyn
With emotions running high, Saturday's grudge match between WBC World Heavyweight Champion Deontay Wilder and top contender Dominic Breazeale will come down to who makes the least mistakes.
May 17, 2019 / Wilder vs Breazeale, Dominic Breazeale
It’s Business and Personal for Dominic Breazeale
The top-rated contender looks to achieve his dreams while settling the score versus WBC World Heavyweight Champion Deontay Wilder Saturday night on SHOWTIME.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1560
|
__label__cc
| 0.561937
| 0.438063
|
European Commission expands planned copyright auto-censorship machines to also include censorship of unwanted political opinions
Posted on May 8, 2018 by Rick Falkvinge
The European Commission is expanding its plans for proposed automated censorship: from only having concerned copyright infringements, which is bad enough and cannot nearly be determined by a machine, the automated censorship is also going to suppress any speech with the wrong political opinion. The political term for the wrong political opinion is “terrorist propaganda”, which typically just means “a narrative from regimes that we’re not allied with right this very moment”.
Julia Reda, the Member of European Parliament (MEP) for the German Pirate Party, is sounding the alarm that the European Commission is introduction new elements into an already horrible legislative draft for automated censorship. Of course, automated censorship for copyright law — something that is complex enough to frequently reach Supreme Courts — is something that automated systems cannot and do not get anywhere close to right enough, as MEP Reda illustrates.
But with the expansion of this automated censorship — let’s call a spade a spade, the copyright monopoly was always at conflict with freedom of speech, and so, automated copyright enforcement is automated censorship by definition — with the expansion of this automated censorship to include “terrorist propaganda”, it goes from bizarre to impossibly unconstitutional and outright dangerous.
It’s important to pick apart this narrative of “terrorist propaganda”, and see how the word “terrorist” just is somebody the West is not allied with at this very moment for geopolitical reasons, and observe how the same group can float in and out of this definition depending on how the West’s geopolitical interests change capriciously, all while the group itself doesn’t change at all.
As a typical example, consider the South African African National Congress, ANC. They were considered terrorists basically up until the day they won elections, at which point their leader Nelson Mandela won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. (They were finally removed from the terrorist watchlist as late as 2008, fifteen years after that Peace Prize.)
Another typical example would be the Taliban, a word which literally means “the students” or “the sons” (in a broad sense), a group which has gone the other way: they are considered terrorists today, but their name comes from studying the ways of their predecessors/fathers, the Mujahideen, which were tight allies of the West in Afghanistan against the Soviet invasion, and who were mostly trained by the CIA in the decade-long Operation Cyclone.
And let’s not forget the brave Kurdish independence militia, who are allied and terrorists at the same time based on the same action in different locations: they are allied when they are defending against ISIS in the south of their territory, and receive active military support from the United States on their southern front, but they are terrorists when they are defending their territory the exact same way against NATO member Turkey on their northern front for the exact same independence.
In short, anything about the term “terrorist propaganda” has a lot of “we have always been at war with Eurasia” about it, and people should not fall for this shallow and simple platitude. In this context, it simply means “unwanted opinions”, or more specifically, “opinions we don’t like see being passed around” — which, of course, goes against every bit of the freedoms of speech, opinion, expression, and assembly.
The only good part about this atrocity is that it highlights the absurdity of the automated censorship proposal as a whole, and so, has a slightly better chance of getting it unceremoniously tossed out the window as a whole.
Privacy remains your own responsibility.
About Rick Falkvinge
Rick is Head of Privacy at Private Internet Access. He is also the founder of the first Pirate Party and is a political evangelist, traveling around Europe and the world to talk and write about ideas of a sensible information policy. Additionally, he has a tech entrepreneur background and loves good whisky and fast motorcycles.
Category: Copyright, Governments, News,
How can I as a citizen of a country within the European Union, act to stop this as this is the same goddam bullshit happening in the UK. Sorry for the derogatory language but this pisses me off, as the EU is not a fucking dictatorship but the bloody stupid politicians wants the same tools to control the people of their countries. “Terrorist propaganda” is the same expression used to justify any privacy encroachment, and is used as countries like Russia and Syria.
Sorry again for the language, how can we inhibit this from happening. Thank you for the information, and keep it going both you personally and PIA in general.
internet history nsa france dna russia canada internet censorship china microsoft advertising germany ajit pai fcc Facebook internet privacy bitcoin india isp vpn privacy malware gdpr united kingdom australia censorship copyright amazon cryptocurrency tor biometrics surveillance metadata EU AI net neutrality gchq facial recognition Apple google police security tracking encryption internet of things mass surveillance
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1561
|
__label__cc
| 0.742349
| 0.257651
|
Head and neck cancers are those that grow in and around the throat, larynx, nose, sinuses and mouth. The majority of these cancers are squamous cell carcinomas that form in the cells lining the mucosal surfaces of the head and neck. They often spread to the lymph nodes, but are highly curable if discovered early.
Head and neck cancers are classified according to the area in the body where they form. They include:
Larynx. Also known as the voicebox, this is a tube-shaped organ in the neck containing the vocal cords. It helps us speak, swallow, and breathe.
Oral cavity. This includes the lips, tongue, gums, and mouth.
Salivary glands. These glands produce saliva to keep food moist and help break it down.
Pharynx. This hollow tube begins behind the nose and leads to the esophagus and trachea.
Nasal cavity. These are the hollow spaces in the bones around the nose, where air passes on the way to the throat.
Other cancers can form in this part of the body (brain tumors, esophageal cancer, thyroid cancer, etc.) but these behave very differently and are not classified as head and neck cancers.
Causes of Head & Neck Cancer
The biggest risk factors for head and neck cancers are tobacco (both cigarettes and chewing tobacco) and alcohol, especially when used together. Eighty-five percent of head and neck cancers are linked to tobacco. Other risk factors include exposure to industrial toxins (e.g., wood dust, paint fumes), dietary factors, human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), asbestos exposure and radiation.
Certain ethnic groups (particularly Chinese) are more vulnerable, as are those from Southeast Asia who chew betel nut, and South Americans who drink mate, a beverage similar to tea.
Symptoms of Head & Neck Cancer
Symptoms of head and neck cancers are similar to those associated with other conditions and may seem harmless at first. Common signs include a lump or sore that doesn’t heal, persistent sore throat, difficulty swallowing and hoarseness.
Other symptoms you may experience: bleeding from the mouth, swelling of the jaw, frequent congestion, sinus infections that don’t respond to treatment, headaches, earaches, facial numbness or paralysis, enlarged lymph nodes and an unexplained loss of weight.
Treatment for Head & Neck Cancer
Treatment depends upon several factors. The size and location of the tumor, its stage, and your age and health must all be taken into consideration. Our team at Southwest Idaho ENT will make a decision based on these unique factors. Options might include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or a combination of the above.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1562
|
__label__cc
| 0.645326
| 0.354674
|
you stopped the blood and made my head soft....
Earworms of the Week
“Broken, Beat and Scarred” - Metallica
I went running last night, and today was supposed to be my day off. My running buddy asked if I'd go for a run with her at lunchtime, so of course I agreed. She had to cancel on me, but I went anyway. My muscles were twanging a little bit, and although it was a beautiful day, there was a bit of a headwind... so I figured that I'd choose some musical accompaniment that might encourage me to pick up my legs. In those circumstances, this is kind of my go-to selection. Even the MP3s are a bit louder than everything else I have on my iPod. It worked. I didn't think it was all that fast, as for half the run I was pushing into a headwind. But my Garmin tells me that I clocked 7.53 min/mile. So, er, pretty quick for me. Shows what I know.
"Little Sister" - Queens of the Stone Age
In my opinion, "Songs for the Deaf" towers over every other album that QotSA have produced. I don't think that's controversial. They are - a bit like the Foo Fighters - well capable of turning out some brilliant songs (and unlike the Foo Fighters, at least they've done at least one classic album). This is one of those. I wasn't that sold on this initially, but it's grown on me and was the best song I heard the band play at Download last year.
"Charge!" (as played on a crappy organ in an ice hockey game)
Maybe I've been watching too much Olympic ice hockey? I love watching Canadians play hockey, and I love listening to Canadians talking about hockey. That kind of enthusiasm for a sport is infectious. I'd say that the only country that compares to this level of obsession is New Zealand for rugby, but for such a lovely people, they sure do lack a sense of humour on their favourite subject. Give me a honey brown beer and a game of hockey in Canada any time. Let's just not mention the curling, eh?
“The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite” / “Electrolyte” – R.E.M.
A friend sent me scurrying to YouTube to watch R.E.M.'s cover of "Pale Blue Eyes" the other day. It's not a patch on the Velvet Underground's original, but it did get me reaching for my copy of "Murmur", and from there I was into some of their later stuff too. Damn good band, weren't they? They're often mentioned in the same breath as The Smiths - their direct contemporaries, although they long outlasted them. Michael Stipe is a lot less of a bellend than Morrissey though, eh?
“Jesus” – The Velvet Underground
I love this album so much and I love this band. It's no accident that - Scott Walker boxset aside - I own more Velvet Underground vinyl than any other band in my nascent collection. Somehow the pops and crackles of a record player really suits this music. I listened to this album instead of watching the Brits the other day. I win.
“Two Fingers” – Jake Bugg
Bugg became the first Nottingham act to sell out the Nottingham Arena when he played there last night. I saw him playing Rock City a little while back, and then saw him at Glastonbury last summer. He's good, no doubt about it, and I do really like his first album..... but perhaps it tells you something that I haven't bothered with his second. Yet. He's talented, for sure.... but he's increasingly striking me as a bit of a dick who is somewhat up himself and in hock to the cooler records in his uncle's record collection. Perhaps I'm being unfair, but what on earth is someone so "authentic" doing writing with one of the blokes from Snow Patrol? I'm told that this tune went down a storm with his home crowd last night, mind.
"No Surprises" - Radiohead
Two things struck me about this song when I listened to it the other day: the first was that it is a beautiful record. The second was that they sound so English. Could someone from another nation have written this song? It's angsty, certainly, but it is passive-aggressively angsty and a world away from the anguish of the likes of Smashing Pumpkins or someone like that.
"You look so tired and unhappy
Bring down the government
They don't, they don't speak for us
I'll take a quiet life
A handshake of carbon monoxide
No alarms and no surprises"
They even throw in a "please", for goodness sake. Great video too. Really fantastic.
"The Second Law - Unsustainable" - Muse
"All natural and technological
Processes proceed in such
a way that the availability of the
remaining energy decreases
In all energy exchanges, if no energy
enters or leaves an isolated system
the entropy of that system increases
Energy continuously flows from being
concentrated to becoming dispersed
spread out, wasted and useless
New energy cannot be
created and high-grade
energy is being destroyed
An economy based on endless
growth is unsustainable
Unsu...
Unsustainable"
Ah, a song about the laws of thermodynamics. Must be Muse, right? Bonkers and brilliant.
“Sewn” – The Feeling
LB's interview with The Feeling is in the Evening Post today. It must have been something of a thrill to interview a hero of his, but he reminded me the other day how we were both lucky enough to attend the band's first ever gig in Nottingham (at the Social), the week that they released this record. It's a brilliant song, taken from a brilliant album. I don't know if the new record is any good, but I'm seeing them next month at the Rescue Rooms (with LB, of course), and if it's anywhere as good as this, then we're in for a treat.
Right. That's it. Have a great weekend, y'all.
Labels: earworms
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1563
|
__label__wiki
| 0.987136
| 0.987136
|
Please select your default edition US
Your default site has been set for 7 days
Set Default Edition
NBA sees promising numbers in first year of new TV deal
Written By Sportal
@sportalau
https://images.performgroup.com/di/library/sportal_com_au/2a/c3/nba-on-tnt_8vdx2qi3kpgl113m9y247rjpu.jpg?t=1070001619&w=500&quality=80
In the first season of a massive new $24 billion (USD) television contract, the NBA saw its combined domestic ratings for all networks stay even when compared to last season.
MORE: LA Clippers' schedule may allow serious playoff momentum
For Bill Koenig, the league's president of global media distribution, that qualifies as a big victory.
Long immune to the ratings tumbles that have plagued other television shows in the era of DVRs and cord-cutting, some sports leagues did see their viewership numbers dip in part because of a bombastic presidential election cycle. The NBA also opened its season going head-to-head with a historic World Series matchup between the Cubs and Indians, but has emerged with what Koenig sees as some encouraging signs as the playoffs are set to begin next week.
The combined U.S. ratings held firm at 0.8 for the season while the league has seen a 3 percent rise in unique viewers and a 6 percent increase in the total hours of game action fans have watched in a season in which more games were broadcast nationally than ever before.
"I think our game is very attractive to the younger, more technologically savvy, multicultural fan. Those numbers are growing over time," Koenig said in a telephone interview. "I also think there is a real emphasis here of promoting our game through traditional means, buying advertising, but also through social media."
Koenig was at the forefront of negotiations for the record-breaking contract with Turner and ESPN/ABC that flooded the league with revenue this season. If the sheer size of the deal put more pressure on the NBA to deliver big ratings, Koenig isn't telling.
"We worked with our network partners to drive tune-in, to make a compelling schedule and to use our digital and social media in ways that are an advantage for us," Koenig said. "I wouldn't say it's any more important this year than it was in years past, but as time goes on we have more in our arsenal to help drive viewership."
The NBA leads all U.S. sports leagues with 1.3 billion combined followers on social media and is feeding the appetite for content.
With 19 additional national television games this season, fans have watched 37 million more hours of game action, the league said. The Christmas Day game between Cleveland and Golden State was the most viewed early game in ABC's history, opening night on TNT was up 8 percent and the most-viewed curtain-raiser since 2013 and the Warriors-Cavaliers rematch on Martin Luther King Jr. Day was the most-viewed MLK Day game since 2013.
MORE: Stephen Curry sings Disney songs with James Corden
That contrasts with the NFL, which saw its ratings decline by 8 percent last season, while marquee games on Sunday and Monday nights were down 12 percent and 10 percent, respectively.
Compelling story lines including Russell Westbrook's pursuit of averaging a triple-double through an entire season, LeBron James' title defense in Cleveland, Kevin Durant's move to Golden State and James Harden's renaissance in Houston have helped drive interest.
But Koenig's job hasn't been easy. The second half of the season has seen the issue of resting players rise to the forefront, with television partners expressing concern when healthy stars sit out of nationally televised games. It will be a hot topic this week when the owners convene in New York for Board of Governors meetings.
"I've been in touch with our national and regional telecasters on this issue. It's something that's very important," Koenig said. "Obviously the basketball people with our teams and our league are very involved in this process, too. We're going to discuss it and try and come up with measures that we think will address the issue in a way that serves the various interests that we're trying to serve."
There will also be discussions about streamlining replays and timeouts in an effort to make the game more "free-flowing" and enjoyable to watch, Koenig said. He did not anticipate any changes for next season, but the league has already installed clocks in arenas to try and keep timeouts from dragging too long and broadcasters are starting to sprinkle advertising in during free throws and other slower moments to try to avoid the full commercial breaks that can lead viewers to change the channel.
"We understand the importance of pure competition. We don't want to do anything that will negatively impact that," Koenig said. "I think that the basketball side understands the business reality and the importance of what we're trying to do and we're both working toward the same end."
Even though the television contract lasts another eight seasons, Koenig's work is hardly finished.
The league is constantly experimenting with its presentation, exploring virtual reality, different camera angles for mobile viewers and other ways to appeal to a changing audience.
"We can't rest on our laurels," he said. "We want to evolve. We want to create something that is more compelling for today's viewer and tomorrow's viewer."
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1565
|
__label__wiki
| 0.702897
| 0.702897
|
Carson Wentz, Eagles agree to four-year contract extension
(Getty Images) https://images.performgroup.com/di/library/omnisport/cf/61/wentz-carson-usnews-getty-ftr_1dy8b1c7z7ari1hymk93ecmjgq.jpg?t=89954160&w=500&quality=80
Philadelphia Eagles quarterback Carson Wentz has signed a four-year contract extension.
Wentz's new deal will run through until the 2024 season, it was announced on Thursday.
The 26-year-old's deal is reportedly worth $128million, with at least $107m guaranteed.
"Can't even explain to you how excited I am right now to be a part of this city for this many more years. It means the world to me," Wentz said in a video posted to Twitter.
EXCLUSIVE: Behind-the-scenes look at Carson Wentz's contract "negotiations" pic.twitter.com/d7j3L4TiA4
- Philadelphia Eagles (@Eagles) June 6, 2019
"From the moment I got drafted here, I knew this place was special. I knew they had the most passionate fans in the world, in all of sports.
"I knew we had the opportunity to build something truly special here. To be cemented here for this much longer means the world to me."
The Eagles originally selected Wentz with the second pick in the 2016 NFL Draft. He has completed 63.7 per cent of his passes and thrown for 70 touchdowns, along with 28 interceptions, in 40 career games.
"It's going to be a fun ride," Wentz said. "By no means is the work done. We're just getting started. This year is going to be special."
6 more years of Carson Wentz bein' Carson Wentz#FlyEaglesFly pic.twitter.com/MS1tcU4i5g
Wentz tore his anterior cruciate ligament in December 2017 and missed the rest of that year as his backup Nick Foles led the Eagles to Super Bowl LII glory. He then suffered a stress fracture in his back last season as the Eagles failed to defend their crown.
Eagles head coach Doug Pederson told reporters earlier this week that Wentz has looked "strong" during organised team activities (OTAs).
"His lower body is strong," Pederson said. "His arm is strong. You are seeing the things that we saw a couple of years ago when he was healthy, obviously. He's leading the offense, leading the team, and really doing a nice job out there."
Foles left the Eagles and signed a four-year, $88m contract with the Jacksonville Jaguars in March.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1566
|
__label__wiki
| 0.665719
| 0.665719
|
Engineering›
Revenue of Shanghai Electric in 2017, by sector
Revenue of Shanghai Electric from 2010 to 2017, by sector (in billion yuan)
This statistic shows the revenue of Shanghai Electric from 2010 to 2017, by sector. In 2017, Shanghai Electric generated a revenue of approximately 13.66 billion yuan with modern services.
New energy equipment
Modern services
Industrial facilities***
Increasing efficiency and clean energy**
1 yuan equals approx. 0.16 euros and 0.13 U.S. dollars (as of April 2018).
** i.e. gas turbines
i.e. accelerators and electric engines inter alia.
Onshore wind energy load factors in England 2016-2017, by region
Installed capacity of wind power in Northern Ireland 2008-2018
Number of offshore wind farms in Europe 2018, per country
Installed capacity of wind power in Scotland 2008-2018
Statistics on "Wind energy industry in the UK"
Onshore wind energy
Offshore wind energy
European comparisons
Onshore and offshore wind power capacity in the UK from 2010 to 2017 (in megawatts)UK onshore and offshore wind power capacity 2010-2017
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in Scotland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Installed capacity of wind power in Scotland 2008-2018
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in Northern Ireland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Installed capacity of wind power in Northern Ireland 2008-2018
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in England from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)*Installed capacity of wind power in England 2008-2018
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in Wales from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Installed capacity of wind power in Wales 2008-2018
Generation of wind power in England (UK) in 2016 and 2017, by region (in gigawatt-hours)Generation of wind power in England 2016-2017, by region
Number of sites generating wind power from renewable sources in England in 2016 and 2017, by regionNumber of wind energy generating sites in England 2016-2017, by region
Electricity generated using wind and solar in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2017 (in terawatt-hours)Electricity generated by wind and solar in the United Kingdom (UK) 2005-2017
Offshore wind energy load factors in England in 2016 and 2017, by regionOffshore wind energy load factors in England 2016-2017, by region
Offshore wind turbine capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by site* (in megawatts**)Offshore wind turbine capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) 2018, by site
Number of offshore wind turbines in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by siteNumber of offshore wind turbines in the United Kingdom (UK) 2018, by site
Offshore wind installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by site* (in megawatts)Offshore wind installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) 2018, by site
Offshore wind energy used for the generation of electricity and heat in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in 1,000 metric tons of oil equivalent*)Offshore wind energy used for electricity and heat generation in the UK 2010-2017
Annual cumulative installed capacity* of offshore wind in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2018 (in megawatts)Offshore wind cumulative installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) 2009-2018
Onshore wind energy load factors in England in 2016 and 2017, by regionOnshore wind energy load factors in England 2016-2017, by region
Onshore wind energy used for the generation of electricity and heat in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in 1,000 metric tons of oil equivalent*)Onshore wind energy used for electricity and heat generation in the UK 2010-2017
Annual cumulative installed capacity* of onshore wind in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2018 (in megawatts)Onshore wind cumulative installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) 2009-2018
Onshore wind installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by site* (in megawatts)Onshore wind installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) 2018, by site
Annual electricity generation from onshore wind* in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2018 (in megawatts)Onshore wind electricity generation in the United Kingdom (UK) 2009-2018
Onshore wind energy capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Onshore wind energy capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) 2008-2018
Number of offshore wind farms with grid-connected turbines across Europe at the end of 2018, per countryNumber of offshore wind farms in Europe 2018, per country
Wind power electricity generation in the European in 2018, by country (in terawatt hours)Wind power electricity production in the European union (EU-28) 2018, by country
Total number of connected offshore wind turbines in Europe at the end of 2018, by countryNumber of offshore wind turbines connected in European countries 2018
Total installed wind power capacity in Europe at the end of 2017, by country (in megawatts)European wind power capacity 2017, by country
Number of offshore wind turbines connected in Europe during 2018, by country*Offshore wind turbines connected in Europe 2018, by country
Revenue of Shanghai Electric in 2017
Net profit of Shanghai Electric in 2017
U.S. wind farm operators' projected full time jobs 2020-2050
Generation of electricity from renewable sources in Wales 2003-2017
Number of employees at Shanghai Electric in 2017
Generation of electricity from renewable sources in Scotland 2003-2017
Generation of electricity from renewable sources in Northern Ireland 2003-2017
Berkshire Hathaway Energy's global operating revenue 2010-2018
Berkshire Hathaway Energy's global operating revenue by segment 2018
U.S. wind energy industry full time jobs 2011-2013
U.S. wind energy industry employees by segment 2018
U.S. wind energy resource potential 2013
New European wind energy capacity added in the first half of 2017
Wind energy industry in the United Kingdom (UK)
Wind energy in Europe
Global Wind Energy
Shanghai Electric Annual Report 2017
China Communications Construction Company CCCC Annual Report 2017
Siemens - Annual Report 2018
SANY Annual Report 2017
Zoomlion Heavy Industry Annual Report 2017
World Air Forces 2017
Onshore and offshore wind power capacity in the UK from 2010 to 2017 (in megawatts)
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in Scotland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in Northern Ireland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in England from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)*
Cumulative installed capacity of wind power in Wales from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Generation of wind power in England (UK) in 2016 and 2017, by region (in gigawatt-hours)
Number of sites generating wind power from renewable sources in England in 2016 and 2017, by region
Electricity generated using wind and solar in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2017 (in terawatt-hours)
Gross electricity generation from wind in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2015 to 2050 (in GWh*)
Load factor of electricity from onshore and offshore wind in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in percentage)
Transmission entry capacity (TEC) of wind power in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in megawatt)
Number of jobs in the wind industry in the UK (United Kingdom) from 2013 to 2017
Offshore wind energy load factors in England in 2016 and 2017, by region
Offshore wind turbine capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by site* (in megawatts**)
Number of offshore wind turbines in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by site
Offshore wind installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by site* (in megawatts)
Offshore wind energy used for the generation of electricity and heat in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in 1,000 metric tons of oil equivalent*)
Annual cumulative installed capacity* of offshore wind in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Onshore wind energy load factors in England in 2016 and 2017, by region
Onshore wind energy used for the generation of electricity and heat in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in 1,000 metric tons of oil equivalent*)
Annual cumulative installed capacity* of onshore wind in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Onshore wind installed capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) as of 2018, by site* (in megawatts)
Annual electricity generation from onshore wind* in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Onshore wind energy capacity in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Number of offshore wind farms with grid-connected turbines across Europe at the end of 2018, per country
Wind power electricity generation in the European in 2018, by country (in terawatt hours)
Total number of connected offshore wind turbines in Europe at the end of 2018, by country
Total installed wind power capacity in Europe at the end of 2017, by country (in megawatts)
Number of offshore wind turbines connected in Europe during 2018, by country*
Revenue of Shanghai Electric from 2007 to 2017 (in billion yuan)
Net profit of Shanghai Electric from 2007 to 2017 (in billion yuan)
Projected number of FTEs for wind farm operators in the U.S. from 2020 to 2050
Total generation of electricity from renewable sources in Wales from 2003 to 2017 (in gigawatt-hours)
Number of employees at Shanghai Electric from 2010 to 2017
Total generation of electricity from renewable sources in Scotland from 2003 to 2017 (in gigawatt-hours)
Total generation of electricity from renewable sources in Northern Ireland from 2003 to 2017 (in gigawatt-hours)
Operating revenue of Berkshire Hathaway Energy worldwide from FY 2010 to FY 2018 (in million U.S. dollars)
Operating revenue from Berkshire Hathaway Energy worldwide in FY 2018, by segment (in million U.S. dollars)
Number of FTEs for the wind energy market in the U.S. from 2011 to 2013
Share of employees in the wind energy market in the U.S. in 2018, by segment*
Technical resouce potential of wind power in the U.S. as of 2013 (in gigawatts)
Wind power capacity added in Europe during the first half of 2017 (in megawatts)
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1571
|
__label__wiki
| 0.992878
| 0.992878
|
Demographics›
Drug-related deaths in Wales in 2012, by living arrangements
Distribution of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in Wales in 2012, by living arrangements*
This statistic shows the amount of drug-related deaths, as reported to the National Programme on Substance Abuse Deaths (NPSAD) in Wales in 2012, by living arrangements. Statistically, those living alone were the most likely to have a drug-related death. In 2012, there were a total of 58 drug-related deaths.
Percentage of deaths
Living with others 43.1%
Living alone 37.9%
Not known 8.6%
No fixed abode 6.9%
Other 3.4%
United Kingdom (England, Wales)
* National Programme on Substance Abuse Deaths (NPSAD) drug-related deaths are those deaths reported voluntarily to the NPSAD by coroners.
An NPSAD case is defined as a death where any of the following criteria are met at a completed inquest, fatal accident inquiry or similar investigation: - One or more psychoactive substance directly implicated in death;
- History of dependence or abuse of psychoactive drugs;
- Presence of Controlled Drugs at post mortem; or
- Cases with deaths directly due to drugs but with no inquest.
Size of police LSD seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Police LSD seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Border Force cocaine seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Police heroin seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Statistics on "Class A drugs in England and Wales"
Number of heroin seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/2018*Police heroin seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of heroin seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Border Force heroin seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Total quantity of heroin seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)*Police heroin seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Total quantity of heroin seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)Border Force heroin seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of heroin seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*Size of police heroin seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Number of heroin seizures by Border Force in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amountSize of Border Force heroin seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Number of cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Police cocaine seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of cocaine seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Border Force cocaine seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Total quantity of cocaine seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)Police forces cocaine seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Total quantity of cocaine seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)Border Force cocaine seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amountSize of police cocaine seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Number of cocaine seizures by Border Force in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*Size of Border Force cocaine seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Number of ecstasy seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/2007 to 2017/2018Police ecstasy seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of ecstasy seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Border Force ecstasy seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Total quantity of ecstasy seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in thousand doses)Police ecstasy seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Total quantity of ecstasy seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in thousand doses)Border Force ecstasy seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of ecstasy seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amountSize of police ecstasy seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Number of ecstasy seizures by Border Force in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*Size of Border Force ecstasy seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Number of methadone seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Police methadone seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Total quantity of methadone seized by police forces in England and Wales (UK) from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in 1,000 doses)Police methadone seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of methadone seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*Size of police methadone seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Number of crack cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales (UK) from 2006/07 to 2017/18Police crack cocaine seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of crack cocaine seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Border Force crack cocaine seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Total quantity of crack cocaine seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)Police crack cocaine seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Total quantity of crack cocaine seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/2007 to 2016/2018 (in kilograms)Border Force crack cocaine seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of crack cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amountSize of police crack cocaine seizures in England and Wales 2018
Number of LSD seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Police LSD seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Number of LSD seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18Border Force LSD seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2006 to 2018
Total quantity of LSD seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in thousand doses)Police LSD seizure quantity in England and Wales (UK) 2006-2018
Number of LSD seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*Size of police LSD seizures in England and Wales (UK) 2018
Drug-related deaths in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by living arrangements
Drug-related deaths in England in 2012, by living arrangements
Drug-related deaths in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by ethnicity
NPSAD: Drug-related deaths in England 2008-2012
Drug-related deaths in Wales in 2012, by ethnicity
GHB/GBL drug-related deaths in England in 2012, by age group
Amphetamine-related deaths in England in 2012, by age group
Drug-related deaths (NPSAD) in England 2008-2012
Drug-related deaths in Wales in 2012, by employment status
Ecstasy-type drug-related deaths in England in 2012, by age group
Psychoactive drug in combination with alcohol related deaths in England 2012, by age
Drug-related deaths in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by employment status
Drug-related deaths in Wales in 2012, by age and gender
Cocaine-related deaths in England in 2012, by age group
Drug-related deaths in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by age and gender
Opiate/opioid analgesic related deaths in England in 2012, by age group
Cannabis-related deaths in England in 2012, by age group
Drug-related deaths in England in 2012, by age and gender
Drug situation in Europe
Drug use in the U.S.
Drug-related deaths in the UK: January-December 2012
Demographics of the UK
Death in Italy
Number of heroin seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/2018*
Number of heroin seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Total quantity of heroin seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)*
Total quantity of heroin seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)
Number of heroin seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*
Number of heroin seizures by Border Force in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount
Number of cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Number of cocaine seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Total quantity of cocaine seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)
Total quantity of cocaine seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)
Number of cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount
Number of cocaine seizures by Border Force in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*
Number of ecstasy seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/2007 to 2017/2018
Number of ecstasy seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Total quantity of ecstasy seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in thousand doses)
Total quantity of ecstasy seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in thousand doses)
Number of ecstasy seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount
Number of ecstasy seizures by Border Force in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*
Number of methadone seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Total quantity of methadone seized by police forces in England and Wales (UK) from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in 1,000 doses)
Number of methadone seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*
Number of crack cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales (UK) from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Number of crack cocaine seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Total quantity of crack cocaine seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in kilograms)
Total quantity of crack cocaine seized by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/2007 to 2016/2018 (in kilograms)
Number of crack cocaine seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount
Number of LSD seizures by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Number of LSD seizures by Border Force in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18
Total quantity of LSD seized by police forces in England and Wales from 2006/07 to 2017/18 (in thousand doses)
Number of LSD seizures by police forces in England and Wales in 2017/18, by amount*
Distribution of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by living arrangements*
Distribution of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by living arrangements
Distribution of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by ethnicity*
Number of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in from 2008 to 2012*
Distribution of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in Wales in 2012, by ethnicity
Distribution of GHB/GBL drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group
Distribution of amphetamine-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group
Number of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England from 2008 to 2012*
Distribution of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in Wales in 2012, by employment status
Distribution of ecstasy-type drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group
Distribution of psychoactive drug in combination with alcohol related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group*
Distribution of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by employment status*
Number of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in Wales in 2012, by age and gender*
Amount of cocaine-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group
Number of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, by age group and gender*
Distribution of opiate/opioid analgesic related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group*
Distribution of cannabis-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group
Number of drug-related deaths reported to NPSAD in England in 2012, by age group and gender
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1572
|
__label__wiki
| 0.592702
| 0.592702
|
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Lithuania 2007-2017
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Lithuania between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
by Dennis Schmid, last edited Dec 7, 2018
This statistic shows the number of tourist overnight stays in Lithuania between 2007 and 2017. In 2017, approximately 7.4 million nights were spent at tourist accommodation establishments, marking an increase in the nights spent compared to 2016.
Number of nights in millions
2012 * 5.7
Travel accommodation includes hotels, holiday and other short-stay accommodation, camping grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks.
Includes stays by both residents and non-residents.
B&B room occupancy rate in the UK 2011-2016
Serviced accommodation in England 2016, by type
Number of hotel businesses in the United Kingdom (UK) 2008-2017
Monthly bedspace occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the UK 2016-2018
Statistics on "Serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK)"
Accommodation industry overview
Occupancy rates
Guest arrivals and overnight stays
Household expenditure
Accommodation users
Turnover of accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by type* (in million GBP)Turnover of accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by sector
Number of enterprises in the accommodation industry in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by sector Number of accommodation enterprises in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by type
Distribution of serviced accommodation in England in 2016, by typeServiced accommodation in England 2016, by type
Number of hotel and similar accommodation businesses in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017Number of hotel businesses in the United Kingdom (UK) 2008-2017
Number of serviced accommodation establishments in England in 2016, by regionNumber of serviced accommodation establishments in England 2016, by region
Number of bedspaces in serviced accommodation in England in 2016, by region (in 1,000s)Number of bedspaces in serviced accommodation in England 2016, by region
Number of bedrooms in serviced accommodation in England in 2016, by region (in 1,000s)Number of bedrooms in serviced accommodation in England 2016, by region
Bedroom occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2017Bedroom occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the UK 2011-2017
Bedroom occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016, by type of establishmentBedroom occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) 2011-2016, by accommodation type
Monthly bedroom occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from April 2016 to April 2018*Monthly room occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the UK 2016-2018
Monthly bedspace occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from April 2016 to April 2018*Monthly bedspace occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the UK 2016-2018
Hotel room occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2014 to 2017, by countryHotel room occupancy rate in the UK 2014-2017, by country
Annual bedroom occupancy rate in hotels in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016Hotels: bedroom occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) 2011-2016
Guesthouse room occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016Guesthouse room occupancy rate in the UK 2011-2016
Bed and breakfast room occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016B&B room occupancy rate in the UK 2011-2016
Distribution of domestic overnight trips in Great Britain in 2017, by accommodation typeAccommodation types used on domestic trips in Great Britain 2017
Distribution of domestic overnight stays in Great Britain in 2017, accommodation typeAccommodation types used on domestic overnight stays in Great Britain 2017
Number of inbound visits to the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by type of accommodation (in 1,000s)Inbound visits in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by accommodation type
Number of nights spent by inbound visitors to the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by type of accommodation (in 1,000s)Inbound overnight stays in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by accommodation type
Non-UK share of arrivals in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016International arrivals in serviced accommodation in the UK 2011-2016
Number of inbound visits using hotels and guesthouses in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2004 and 2017 (in 1,000s)Inbound visitors using hotels and guesthouses in the United Kingdom (UK) 2004-2017
Number of nights spent by inbound visitors in hotels and guesthouses in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2004 and 2017 (in 1,000s)Nights spent in hotels and guesthouses by inbound visitors to the UK 2004-2017
Number of inbound visits using bed and breakfast accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2004 and 2017 (in 1,000s)Inbound visits to bed and breakfast accommodation in the UK 2004-2017
Annual expenditure on accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2017, based on volume* (in million GBP)Expenditure on accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) 2005-2017
Average weekly household expenditure on accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by age of household reference person* (in GBP)Accommodation: Weekly household expenditure in the United Kingdom (UK) 2018, by age
Average weekly UK household expenditure on holiday accommodation within the United Kingdom in 2018, by age of household reference person* (in GBP)Holiday accommodation in the UK: Weekly household expenditure 2018, by age
Average weekly household expenditure on accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by gross income decile group* (in GBP)Accommodation services: weekly UK household expenditure 2018, by gross income
Percentage of weekly household expenditure going on accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by disposable income decile groupShare of UK household spend going on accommodation services 2018, by income group
Average weekly UK household expenditure on holiday accommodation within the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by gross income decile group* (in GBP)Accommodation in the UK: Weekly household expenditure 2018, by gross income
Percentage of weekly household expenditure going on domestic holiday accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by disposable income decile groupShare of UK household spend going on domestic holiday accommodation 2018, by income
Have you previously booked the following accommodation types when traveling?Accommodation types ever booked by travelers in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017
Have you previously booked hotel accommodation when travelling?Hotel accommodation usage in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by age group
Have you previously booked hotel accommodation when travelling?Hotel accommodation usage in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by income group
Have you previously booked bed and breakfast accommodation when travelling?Bed and breakfast accommodation usage in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017
Have you previously booked bed and breakfast accommodation when travelling?Bed and breakfast accommodation usage in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by age group
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Malta 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Bulgaria 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Germany 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Cyprus 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Romania 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Slovenia 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Slovakia 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Ireland 2012-2016
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation UK 2006-2013
Number guest nights Japan 2017, by region
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Spain 2007-2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Liechtenstein 2007-2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Cyprus 2007-2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in the United Kingdom 2007-2016
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Romania 2007-2016
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Slovakia 2007-2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Germany 2007-2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Slovenia 2007-2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Bulgaria 2007-2017
Number of nights in short-stay accommodation Liechtenstein 2007-2017
Serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK)
Travel accommodation in Norway
Peer-to-peer travel in the United Kingdom (UK)
Hotels in Norway
Airbnb UK Insights Report
Tourism in Barcelona
Hotels in the United Kingdom (UK)
Inbound tourism in Italy
Turnover of accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by type* (in million GBP)
Number of enterprises in the accommodation industry in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by sector
Distribution of serviced accommodation in England in 2016, by type
Number of hotel and similar accommodation businesses in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017
Number of serviced accommodation establishments in England in 2016, by region
Number of bedspaces in serviced accommodation in England in 2016, by region (in 1,000s)
Number of bedrooms in serviced accommodation in England in 2016, by region (in 1,000s)
Bedroom occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2017
Bedroom occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016, by type of establishment
Monthly bedroom occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from April 2016 to April 2018*
Monthly bedspace occupancy rate in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from April 2016 to April 2018*
Hotel room occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2014 to 2017, by country
Annual bedroom occupancy rate in hotels in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016
Guesthouse room occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016
Bed and breakfast room occupancy rate in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016
Distribution of domestic overnight trips in Great Britain in 2017, by accommodation type
Distribution of domestic overnight stays in Great Britain in 2017, accommodation type
Number of inbound visits to the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by type of accommodation (in 1,000s)
Number of nights spent by inbound visitors to the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by type of accommodation (in 1,000s)
Non-UK share of arrivals in serviced accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2016
Number of inbound visits using hotels and guesthouses in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2004 and 2017 (in 1,000s)
Number of nights spent by inbound visitors in hotels and guesthouses in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2004 and 2017 (in 1,000s)
Number of inbound visits using bed and breakfast accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2004 and 2017 (in 1,000s)
Number of nights spent by inbound visitors in bed and breakfast accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2004 to 2017 (in 1,000s)
Annual expenditure on accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2017, based on volume* (in million GBP)
Average weekly household expenditure on accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by age of household reference person* (in GBP)
Average weekly UK household expenditure on holiday accommodation within the United Kingdom in 2018, by age of household reference person* (in GBP)
Average weekly household expenditure on accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by gross income decile group* (in GBP)
Percentage of weekly household expenditure going on accommodation services in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by disposable income decile group
Average weekly UK household expenditure on holiday accommodation within the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by gross income decile group* (in GBP)
Percentage of weekly household expenditure going on domestic holiday accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by disposable income decile group
Have you previously booked the following accommodation types when traveling?
Have you previously booked hotel accommodation when travelling?
Have you previously booked bed and breakfast accommodation when travelling?
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Malta between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Bulgaria between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Germany between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Cyprus between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Romania between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Slovenia between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Slovakia between 2007 and 2017 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Ireland between 2012 and 2016 (in millions)
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2006 and 2013 (in millions)
Total number of lodging guests in Japan in 2017, by regional block (in millions)*
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Spain from 2007 to 2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Liechtenstein from 2007 to 2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Cyprus from 2007 to 2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2007 to 2016
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Romania from 2007 to 2016
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Slovakia from 2007 to 2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Germany from 2007 to 2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Slovenia from 2007 to 2017
Number of travel accommodation establishments in Bulgaria from 2007 to 2017
Number of overnight stays in travel accommodation in Liechtenstein between 2007 and 2017 (in 1,000s)
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1573
|
__label__wiki
| 0.94816
| 0.94816
|
Boxers registered with Boxing Scotland during season 2017, by class and gender
Total number of boxers registered in the Boxing Scotland* database in 2017, by class and gender
by David Lange, last edited Feb 5, 2019
The statistic displays the total number of boxers registered in the Boxing Scotland* database in 2017, by class and gender. As of 2017, there were 708 elite male boxers registered with Boxing Scotland.
United Kingdom (Scotland)
* Boxing Scotland is the official national governing body for the Olmypic and Commonwealth Games sport of AIBA Open Boxing (AOB).
UK: members per fitness club in The Gym Group 2012-2016
Football club membership in England 2007-2016
Europe: share of population with health or fitness club membership 2017
Golf club membership in England 2007-2016
Everything On "Sport club memberships in the United Kingdom (UK)" in One Document: Edited and Divided into Handy Chapters. Including Detailed References.
Statistics on "Sport club memberships in the United Kingdom (UK)"
Ballsports
Equestrian sports
Share of population holding a health or fitness club membership in selected European countries in 2017Europe: share of population with health or fitness club membership 2017
Share of increase in health and fitness memberships in selected countries in Europe between 2016 and 2017Europe: share of increase in health and fitness club memberships 2016-2017
Number of private gym members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2018, by type of gym (in millions)UK: number of private gym members 2011-2018, by type
Average number of members per gym in The Gym Group in the United Kingdom from 2012 to 2016UK: members per fitness club in The Gym Group 2012-2016
Leading fitness club operators in Europe in 2017, by number of memberships (in 1,000)Europe: leading fitness club operators, by number of memberships
Share of people who are members of a sports club in Wales in 2017, by type of sportWales: share of people with sports club memberships in 2017, by type of sport
Share of sports club members among school pupils in Wales 2018, by category and genderWales: share of sports club memberships of school pupils 2018, by category & gender
Share of sport club members in Northern Ireland from 2014/2015 to 2017/2018, by age groupNorthern Ireland: share of sport club members 2014-2018, by age group
Number of members of Basketball England from 2005/2006 to 2017/2018Basketball England: number of members from 2005/2006 to 2017/2018
Number of members of national basketball leagues in England from 2005/2006 to 2017/2018England: number of national basketball leagues' members from 2005/2006 to 2017/2018
Number of members of England Netball in England in 2017/2018, by regionEngland: number members of England Netball 2017/2018, by region
Share of football participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016Football club membership in England 2007-2016
Number of memberships of the English Volleyball Association in England from 2014/2015 to 2017/2018, by categoryEngland: number of members of Volleyball England from 2014/15 to 2017/18, by category
Number of registered members of Basketballscotland in Scotland in 2017/2018, by categoryScotland: number of registered members of Basketballscotland in 2017/2018, by categor
Share of tennis* participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016Tennis club membership in England 2007-2016
Share of golf participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016Golf club membership in England 2007-2016
Share of swimming participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016Swimming club membership in England 2007-2016
Number of members of Swim Wales from 2011 to 2018Swim Wales: number of members from 2011 to 2018
Number of Royal Yachting Association (RYA) club members in the England in 2017, by regionEngland: number of Royal Yachting Association club members 2017, by region
Distribution of membership size of clubs affiliated with the Royal Yachting Association (RYA) in England from 2015 to 2016England: size of yachting clubs in England 2015 to 2016
Number of club members of the Royal Yachting Association (RYA) in Northern Ireland from 2013 to 2017Northern Ireland: number of RYA club members from 2013 to 2017
Number of members of the Scottish Canoe Association in Scotland from 2016 to 2018, by typeScottish Canoe Association: number of members in Scotland 2016-2018, by type
Number of junior memberships declared by Royal Yachting Association (RYA) clubs in England from 2013 to 2016England: junior memberships declared by the Royal Yachting Association 2014-2016
Number of family memberships declared by Royal Yachting Association (RYA) clubs in England from 2014 to 2016England: family memberships declared by the Royal Yachting Association 2014-2016
Ski Club Great Britain (GB) memberships in the United Kingdom (UK) 2014 to 2018, by typeNumber of members of Ski Club GB in the United Kingdom (UK) 2014-2018, by type
Ski Club Great Britain (GB) age distribution of members in the United Kingdom (UK) 2013 to 2018Ski Club GB: age distribution of members in the United Kingdom (UK) 2013-2018
British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) total number of members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2015BASI: total number of members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2015
British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) number of licensed alpine members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2015BASI: number of licensed alpine members in the UK from 2009 to 2015
British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) number of licensed snowboard members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2015BASI: number of licensed snowboard members in the UK from 2009 to 2015
Share of equestrian sports participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016Equestrian club membership in England 2007-2016
Number of amateur riders licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2015 to 2016, by typeNumber of amateur riders licensed by the BHA in Great Britain 2015-2016, by type
Number of professional jockeys licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2015 to 2016, by typeNumber of professional jockeys in horse racing in Great Britain 2015-2016, by type
Number of professional jockeys licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2011 to 2016Number of professional jockeys in horse racing in Great Britain from 2011 to 2016
Number of amateur riders licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2011 to 2016Number of amateur riders licensed in Great Britain from 2011 to 2016
Number of registered members of the Pony Racing Authority in Great Britain from 2012 to 2017Great Britain: number of registered members of the Pony Racing Authority 2012-2017
Share of cycling participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016Cycling club membership in England 2007-2016
Number of British Mountaineering Council members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2007 to 2018Number of members in British Mountaineering Council in the UK 2007-2018
Number of members of Triathlon England from 2010 to 2017Triathlon England: number of registered members from 2010 to 2017
Number of Scottish Athletics* clubs in Scotland from 2016 to 2018Scottish Athletics: number of clubs 2016-2018
Number of club members of Scottish Athletics* in Scotland from 2016 to 2018Scottish Athletics: club membership 2016-2018
Gender of boxers registered in the Boxing Scotland* database in 2017, by districtBoxing Scotland: gender of registered boxers during season 2017, by district
Total number of boxers registered in the Boxing Scotland* database in 2017, by class and genderBoxers registered with Boxing Scotland during season 2017, by class and gender
Number of members of Scottish Gymnastics in Scotland from 2010/2011 to 2017/2018Scottish Gymnastics: number of memberships in Scotland from 2010 to 2018
Sportscotland public funding into the performance of Boxing Scotland 2009-2018
Scotland: public funding into boxing 2015-2018, by category
Sportscotland public funding into the development of Boxing Scotland 2009-2018
Sportscotland public funding for strong partners of Boxing Scotland 2009-2018
Welsh Amateur Boxing Association: turnover from 2013 to 2018
Basketball England: number of affiliated officials from 2007/2008 to 2014/2015
Sport Wales: grant expenditures for the financial year 2014/2015, by category
Scottish Athletics: recruitment in Scotland in 2015, by category
Scotland: number of coaches of the SVA in 2016, by level of qualification and gender
Basketball England: number of course participants in 2014/2015
Judo dan gradings in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2013 to 2018, by gender
Share of women in the governing bodies of the FFB 2014
Licenses within the French Boxing Federation 2017, by age group
Scotland: number of referees in the SVA, by level of qualification and gender
England: number of new student volleyball player entries 2012-2016, by gender
Participants in boxing for competition in the U.S. 2011-2018
French Boxing Federation: licenses issued by gender 2017
Wholesale sales of boxing equipment in the U.S. 2007-2018
Bulgaria: articles and equipment for table-tennis export value 2014-2018
Czech Republic: distribution of moderate physical activity 2013-2017, by duration
Health & Fitness Clubs
Fitness industry in the United Kingdom (UK)
Boxing Scotland Annual Report 2015
Rugby in the United Kingdom (UK)
England Professional Rugby Injury Surveillance Project 2015-16
Scottish Athletics Annual Report 2015
Basketball Scotland Annual Report 2014-2015
Share of population holding a health or fitness club membership in selected European countries in 2017
Share of increase in health and fitness memberships in selected countries in Europe between 2016 and 2017
Number of private gym members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2011 to 2018, by type of gym (in millions)
Average number of members per gym in The Gym Group in the United Kingdom from 2012 to 2016
Leading fitness club operators in Europe in 2017, by number of memberships (in 1,000)
Share of people who are members of a sports club in Wales in 2017, by type of sport
Share of sports club members among school pupils in Wales 2018, by category and gender
Share of sport club members in Northern Ireland from 2014/2015 to 2017/2018, by age group
Share of people who are members of a sports club in Wales in 2017, by region and age group
Share of people who are members of a sports club in Wales in 2017, by region and gender
Number of playing club members affiliated with Scottish Governing Bodies of sport (SGBs) in Scotland from 2015/2016 to 2017/2018
Number of members of Basketball England from 2005/2006 to 2017/2018
Number of members of national basketball leagues in England from 2005/2006 to 2017/2018
Number of members of England Netball in England in 2017/2018, by region
Share of football participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016
Number of memberships of the English Volleyball Association in England from 2014/2015 to 2017/2018, by category
Number of registered members of Basketballscotland in Scotland in 2017/2018, by category
Share of tennis* participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016
Share of golf participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016
Number of memberships of Hockey Wales from 2014/2015 to 2015/2016, by type
Share of swimming participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016
Number of members of Swim Wales from 2011 to 2018
Number of Royal Yachting Association (RYA) club members in the England in 2017, by region
Distribution of membership size of clubs affiliated with the Royal Yachting Association (RYA) in England from 2015 to 2016
Number of club members of the Royal Yachting Association (RYA) in Northern Ireland from 2013 to 2017
Number of members of the Scottish Canoe Association in Scotland from 2016 to 2018, by type
Number of junior memberships declared by Royal Yachting Association (RYA) clubs in England from 2013 to 2016
Number of family memberships declared by Royal Yachting Association (RYA) clubs in England from 2014 to 2016
Ski Club Great Britain (GB) memberships in the United Kingdom (UK) 2014 to 2018, by type
Ski Club Great Britain (GB) age distribution of members in the United Kingdom (UK) 2013 to 2018
British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) total number of members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2015
British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) number of licensed alpine members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2015
British Association of Snowsport Instructors (BASI) number of licensed snowboard members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2009 to 2015
Share of equestrian sports participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016
Number of amateur riders licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2015 to 2016, by type
Number of professional jockeys licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2015 to 2016, by type
Number of professional jockeys licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2011 to 2016
Number of amateur riders licensed by the British Horseracing Authority* in Great Britain from 2011 to 2016
Number of registered members of the Pony Racing Authority in Great Britain from 2012 to 2017
Share of cycling participants who are members of a club in England from 2007/2008 to 2015/2016
Number of British Mountaineering Council members in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2007 to 2018
Number of members of Triathlon England from 2010 to 2017
Number of Scottish Athletics* clubs in Scotland from 2016 to 2018
Number of club members of Scottish Athletics* in Scotland from 2016 to 2018
Gender of boxers registered in the Boxing Scotland* database in 2017, by district
Number of members of Scottish Gymnastics in Scotland from 2010/2011 to 2017/2018
Number of members in the British Judo Association (BJA) in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2017 to 2018, by category
Number of members registered with the British Judo Association (BJA) in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2018, by country (in 1,000)
Are you member of a fan club of a football club or another organised fan community?
Public funding from Sportscotland for the performance of Boxing Scotland* from 2009/2010 to 2017/2018 (in 1,000 GBP)
Public funding into Boxing Scotland from 2015/2016 to 2017/2018, by category (in 1,000 GBP)
Public funding from Sportscotland for the development of Boxing Scotland* from 2009/2010 to 2017/2018 (in 1,000 GBP)
Public funding from Sportscotland for strong partners of Boxing Scotland* from 2009/2010 to 2017/2018 (in 1,000 GBP)
Turnover of the Welsh Amateur Boxing Association in Wales from 2013 to 2018 (in thousand GBP)
Number of affiliated officials of Basketball England from 2007/2008 to 2014/2015
Expenditures for grants by Sport Wales for the financial year 2014/2015, by category (in thousand GBP)
Number of individuals recruited by Scottish Athletics in Scotland in 2015, by category
Number of coaches of the Scottish Volleyball Association (SVA) in Scotland in 2016, by level of qualification and gender
Number of participants for training and educational courses of Basketball England in 2014/2015, by category
Total dan gradings in the British Judo Association (BJA) in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2013 to 2018, by gender
Proportion of women in the governing bodies of the French Boxing Federation (FFB) in 2014
Number of licenses issued within the French Boxing Federation (FFB) in 2017, by age group*
Number of referees in the Scottish Volleyball Association (SVA) in Scotland in 2016, by level of qualification and gender
Number of new student player registrations of the English Volleyball Association in England from 2012/2013 to 2015/2016, by gender
Number of participants in boxing for competition in the United States from 2011 to 2018 (in millions)*
Number of licenses issued in the French Boxing Federation (FFB) in 2017, by gender
Boxing equipment wholesale sales in the U.S. from 2007 to 2018 (in million U.S. dollars)*
Value of articles and equipment for table-tennis exported from Bulgaria from 2014 to 2018 (in 1,000 euros)
In general, on days when you do moderate physical activity, how much time do you usually spend at it?
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1574
|
__label__wiki
| 0.683918
| 0.683918
|
Gross renewable electricity generation in Spain 2014-2016, by type
Gross electricity generation from renewables in Spain from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
This statistic shows the gross renewable electricity generation in Spain from 2014 to 2016, by source. Wind power was the largest contributor to electricity generation through renewable sources, having produced 48.91 terawatt hours in 2016.
Biomass and Renewables
Data excludes Geothermal and Tide, wave and ocean energy sources.
Hydropower consumption - top countries 2018
Hydropower global capacity in key countries 2018
Load factor of electricity from hydropower in the United Kingdom (UK) 2010-2017
Hydropower generation in Europe 2017
Statistics on "Hydropower in the UK"
Global hydropower industry
Investment in small hydropower technology worldwide from 2004 to 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)Global small hydropower technology investment 2004-2017
Global hydropower consumption from 1998 to 2018 (in million metric tons of oil equivalent)Global hydropower consumption 1998-2018
Leading countries by hydropower consumption in 2018 (in million metric tons of oil equivalent)Hydropower consumption - top countries 2018
Installed hydropower capacity in select European countries in 2018 (in megawatts)Installed hydropower capacity in Europe 2018
Cumulative hydropower capacity worldwide in 2018, by major country (in gigawatts)Hydropower global capacity in key countries 2018
Distribution of worldwide hydropower capacity as of 2018, by major countryHydropower global capacities share - leading countries 2018
Annual hydroelectricity consumption in Europe and Eurasia from 2004 to 2018 (in million metric tons oil equivalent)Hydroelectricity consumption in Europe and Eurasia 2004-2018
Generation of hydropower in selected countries in Europe 2017 (in terawatt hours)Hydropower generation in Europe 2017
Contribution of hydro power to the energy mix in Great Britain (GB) from 1st quarter 2012 to 1st quarter 2018 (in terawatt-hours)Hydro power: contribution to the energy mix in Great Britain (GB) 2012-2018
Generation of hydropower in England in 2016 and 2017, by region (in gigawatt-hours)Generation of hydropower in England 2016-2017, by region
Cumulative number of installations of hydropower systems in the United Kingdom (UK) from the 1st quarter 2015 to 1st quarter 2018, by tariff typeCumulative number of installations of hydropower systems in the UK 2015-2018
Number of sites generating hydropower in England in 2016 and 2017, by regionNumber of hydroenergy generating sites in England 2016-2017, by region
Gross amount of electricity supplied from pumped storage in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1970 to 2017 (in gigawatt hours)Electricity supplied from pumped storage in the United Kingdom (UK) 1970-2017
Electricity generated from small scale and large scale hydro in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in gigawatt hours)Electricity generation from hydro in the United Kingdom (UK) 2010-2017
Normalised electricity generation from hydro in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in 1,000 metric tons of oil equivalent)Normalised electricity generation from hydro in the UK 2010-2017
Cumulative installed feed-in tariff capacity of hydropower in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1st quarter 2015 to 1st quarter 2018, by tariff type (in kilowatt)Installed feed-in tariff capacity of hydropower in the UK 2015-2018, by tariff type
Installed capacity of sites generating hydropower from renewable sources in England in 2016 and 2017, by region (in megawatts)Hydropower generating capacities installed in England 2016-2017, by region
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in England from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in England 2008-2018
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in Scotland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Installed capacity of hydropower in Scotland 2008-2018
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in Northern Ireland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Installed capacity of Northern Ireland in England 2008-2018
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in Wales from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in Wales 2008-2018
Annual hydroelectricity consumption in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2003 to 2018 (in million metric tons oil equivalent)Hydroelectricity consumption in the United Kingdom (UK) 2003-2018
Energy consumption of energy from hydroelectric power in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2000 to 2016 (In thousand metric tons of oil equivalent)Consumption of energy from hydroelectric power in the United Kingdom (UK) 2000-2016
Annual wind and hydro electricity consumption in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1970 to 2017 (in Mtoe*)Wind and hydro electricity consumption in the United Kingdom (UK) 1970-2017
Plant load factor (PLF) of pumped storage hydroelectricity (PSH) in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (percentage)Plant load factor of pumped storage hydro in the United Kingdom (UK) 2010-2017
Load factor of electricity from hydropower in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in percentage)Load factor of electricity from hydropower in the United Kingdom (UK) 2010-2017
Average hydropower load factor in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by country (in percent)Average hydropower load factor in the United Kingdom (UK) 2017, by country
Gross renewable electricity generation in Italy 2014-2016, by type
Gross renewable electricity generation in Portugal 2014-2016, by type
Gross renewable electricity generation in Sweden 2014-2016, by type
Gross renewable electricity generation in Romania 2014-2016, by type
Gross renewable electricity generation in France 2014-2016, by type
Gross renewable electricity generation in the United Kingdom (UK) 2014-2016, by type
Gross renewable electricity generation in Germany 2014-2016, by type
Gross renewable electricity generation in Finland 2014-2016, by type
Normalised electricity generation from wind in the UK 2010-2017
Electricity generation from renewables in the United Kingdom (UK) 2010-2017
RWE: renewable power generation in Europe 2016-2017, by source
Mexico: installed capacity of bagasse power generation 2015-2017
Mexico: renewable electricity generation capacity 2017, by source
Mexico: renewable energy production 2017, by source
Electricity generation shares in the United Kingdom (UK) 1996 to 2017, by source
Mexico: installed capacity of wind power generation 2015-2017
Renewable energy shares in electricity generation in the European Union 2012-2017
Global renewable electricity generation share by region 2017
OECD's renewable electricity generation share by fuel type 2015
Hydropower industry in the United Kingdom (UK)
Hydropower industry
Solar photovoltaic industry in the UK
Investment in small hydropower technology worldwide from 2004 to 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Global hydropower consumption from 1998 to 2018 (in million metric tons of oil equivalent)
Leading countries by hydropower consumption in 2018 (in million metric tons of oil equivalent)
Installed hydropower capacity in select European countries in 2018 (in megawatts)
Cumulative hydropower capacity worldwide in 2018, by major country (in gigawatts)
Distribution of worldwide hydropower capacity as of 2018, by major country
Annual hydroelectricity consumption in Europe and Eurasia from 2004 to 2018 (in million metric tons oil equivalent)
Generation of hydropower in selected countries in Europe 2017 (in terawatt hours)
Contribution of hydro power to the energy mix in Great Britain (GB) from 1st quarter 2012 to 1st quarter 2018 (in terawatt-hours)
Generation of hydropower in England in 2016 and 2017, by region (in gigawatt-hours)
Cumulative number of installations of hydropower systems in the United Kingdom (UK) from the 1st quarter 2015 to 1st quarter 2018, by tariff type
Number of sites generating hydropower in England in 2016 and 2017, by region
Gross amount of electricity supplied from pumped storage in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1970 to 2017 (in gigawatt hours)
Electricity generated from small scale and large scale hydro in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in gigawatt hours)
Normalised electricity generation from hydro in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in 1,000 metric tons of oil equivalent)
Cumulative installed feed-in tariff capacity of hydropower in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1st quarter 2015 to 1st quarter 2018, by tariff type (in kilowatt)
Installed capacity of sites generating hydropower from renewable sources in England in 2016 and 2017, by region (in megawatts)
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in England from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in Scotland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in Northern Ireland from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Cumulative installed capacity of hydropower in Wales from 2008 to 2018 (in megawatts)
Annual hydroelectricity consumption in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2003 to 2018 (in million metric tons oil equivalent)
Energy consumption of energy from hydroelectric power in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2000 to 2016 (In thousand metric tons of oil equivalent)
Annual wind and hydro electricity consumption in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1970 to 2017 (in Mtoe*)
Plant load factor (PLF) of pumped storage hydroelectricity (PSH) in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (percentage)
Load factor of electricity from hydropower in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in percentage)
Average hydropower load factor in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017, by country (in percent)
Gross electricity generation from renewables in Italy from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
Gross electricity generation from renewables in Portugal from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
Gross electricity generation from renewables in Sweden from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
Gross electricity generation from renewables in Romania from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
Gross electricity generation from renewables in France from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
Gross electricity generation from renewables in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2014 to 2016, by type (in terawatt hours)
Gross electricity generation from renewables in Germany from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
Gross electricity generation from renewables in Finland from 2014 to 2016, by type (in Terrawatt Hour(s))
Normalised electricity generation from wind in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in 1,000 metric tons of oe*)
Electricity generated from renewables in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2010 to 2017 (in gigawatt hours)
Renewable power generation of energy company RWE in Europe from 2016 to 2017, by source (in billion KWh*)
Installed capacity of bagasse power generation in Mexico from 2015 to 2017 (in megawatts)
Installed renewable electricity generation capacity in Mexico in 2017, by source (in megawatts)
Renewable energy production in Mexico in 2017, by source (in terawatt-hours)
Electricity generation shares in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1996 to 2017, by source
Installed capacity of wind power generation in Mexico from 2015 to 2017 (in gigawatts)
Share of renewable energy in the generation of electricity in the European Union (EU-28) from 2012 to 2017
Distribution of electricity generation from renewables globally in 2017, by region
Distribution of electricity generation from renewable sources in OECD regions in 2015, by fuel type
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1575
|
__label__wiki
| 0.917781
| 0.917781
|
Asia Briefs: Manila to disband body seeking Marcos' loot
Jul 27, 2017, 5:00 am SGT
http://str.sg/4Djw
Manila to disband body seeking Marcos' loot
MANILA • Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte's government plans to abolish the agency tasked with recovering the billions of dollars plundered by late dictator Ferdinand Marcos and his allies, a Cabinet member said yesterday.
The Presidential Commission on Good Government was set up three decades ago to recover the estimated US$10 billion looted by the dictator and his allies during his 20 years in power.
An expensive shot across the bow
TOKYO • A woman has been arrested on suspicion of destroying 54 violins and 70 bows worth around US$950,000 (S$1.3 million) that were owned by her former husband, police and media said yesterday.
The 34-year-old was arrested for allegedly breaking into the man's home and wrecking the instruments, reportedly made or collected by her 62-year-old former partner.
S. Korea to refurbish 300 underused parks
SEOUL • The South Korean government will inspect and refurbish some 300 underused riverside parks and sports facilities built along the country's four major rivers, turning some of them back into farmland.
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport said yesterday it would inspect 297 riverside parks created in 2008 under a project pushed by former president Lee Myung Bak.
THE KOREA HERALD/ASIA NEWS NETWORK
China sentences 11 for robbing royal tomb
SHIJIAZHUANG • A court has sentenced 11 people to jail for looting a royal tomb in north China's Hebei province. In October 2015, a chamber of the eastern royal tombs of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) in Zunhua city was found to have been robbed.
A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Straits Times on July 27, 2017, with the headline 'Asia Briefs'. Print Edition | Subscribe
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1579
|
__label__cc
| 0.626966
| 0.373034
|
Survey: Some people think it’s time for a female or gender-neutral Santa
By Katey Psencik kpsencik@gatehousemedia.com
Dec 14, 2018 at 4:30 PM Dec 14, 2018 at 4:37 PM
Should Santa Claus have an iPhone? What about a hoverboard? Is it time for Jolly Old St. Nick to “rebrand” himself?
Some people say yes, according to a new survey (although a sleigh is definitely way cooler than a hoverboard, y’all).
Design software company GraphicSprings conducted a survey across the United States and United Kingdom, consulting 400 people on how they’d “modernize” Santa and asking 4,000 people to vote on the answers they received.
READ MORE: The cheeriest holiday bars around the U.S.
Just over 72 percent of people said Santa should be male, but more than 10 percent said Santa should be female, and 17 percent said Santa should be gender-neutral.
Other popular suggestions? Santa should have an iPhone, wear sneakers and overall be more “hipster” -- survey respondents wanted tattoos, a new hairstyle and even wanted him to go on a diet.
As far as Santa’s transport goes, respondents thought he should travel in a flying car or on a hoverboard, and 16 percent of survey respondents said he thought he should scrap the transport and just use Amazon Prime (it would probably be less stressful, TBH).
LISTEN: All the best Christmas songs you need to get through the holidays
For the traditionalists out there, there’s good news from the survey: despite the popular votes on changes to Santa’s appearance, the majority of survey respondents said they didn’t want any of the changes listed. As far as Santa’s change in appearance, more than 70 percent of people said they wouldn’t want any of the suggested changes, and more than 50 percent of people didn’t want the listed updates to Santa’s transport. A sleigh, beard and big belly it is, then.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1582
|
__label__wiki
| 0.540405
| 0.540405
|
25-year-old man charged with OWI after rollover crash injures 3 children in Racine County
By: TMJ4
Racine County Sheriff's Office
RACINE COUNTY -- A 25-year-old man who was allegedly intoxicated caused a multi-vehicle roll-over crash on I-94 northbound Sunday evening, injuring his three children.
The accident happened just after 6 p.m. at mile marker 328.
According to the Racine County Sheriff's Office, the 25-year-old was driving a blue Hyundai sedan -- and struck the side of a silver Nissan sedan. The collision caused both vehicles to flip over several times. The Nissan came to rest upright on its wheels while the blue Hyundai came to rest on its roof.
The children and their mother were able to escape out of the Hyundai on their own -- but the driver was trapped. Deputies were able to free him from the vehicle.
Two Milwaukee Children Shot Inside Car
The children were ages five, nine and 11 were transported to Children's Hospital for non-life threatening injuries. They were found to not be wearing seatbelts at the time of the accident. Their mother was also taken to the hospital to be checked. The driver of the Nissan was transported to the hospital as a precautionary measure.
The driver of the Hyundai sedan was Luis Ortiz Ruiz. He was transported to Wheaton Hospital for non-life threatening injuries. The Sheriff's Office says he is still there recovering.
The 25-year-old was arrested for operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated-causing injury, operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated with passengers under 16 years of age, reckless driving causing bodily harm, open intoxicants in a motor vehicle, no safety restraints (children) and operating a motor vehicle without insurance.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1584
|
__label__wiki
| 0.592408
| 0.592408
|
Global execs positive, but Middle East CEOs cautious about 2017: Here’s why
Only 26 per cent of Middle East CEOs expect global growth in the next year
Not much has changed after the world caught in a whirlwind of economic turbulence last year but business confidence is picking up surely albeit slowly, as evidenced by the growing optimism among those who steer the private sector.
While CEOs around the world feel they have plenty to worry about in the year ahead, confidence in their own growth prospects and their outlook for their respective economies are back on the rise, reveals a recent survey by accountancy firm PwC.
This is particularly true for Middle East CEOs, as conversations with them reveal very positive projections for their businesses, says the London-headquartered firm.
PwC’s Annual Global CEO Survey of 1,300 chief executives from 79 countries finds that 38 per cent of CEOs worldwide are very confident about their company’s growth prospects in the next 12 months. This compares with 35 per cent in 2016.
Furthermore, 29 per cent of those at the helm of companies believe that global economic growth will pick up in 2017. Last year it was 27 per cent.
The survey, in which more than 50 CEOs in the Middle East responded, however, says that top executives in the region, though confident, are playing a cautious hand when it comes to growth strategies, avoiding more speculative new ventures and refocusing on core capabilities and securing growth with tried and tested partners and exit strategies.
“Despite uncertain times, Middle East businesses are as ambitious as ever; they have proved resilient in times of change and our survey shows that though treading with caution, they are certainly confident about the direction their businesses will take in the years to come,” says Hani Ashkar, Senior Partner, PwC Middle East.
Private sector to save GCC’s $165 billion
In fact, 38 per cent of Middle East respondents are very confident about their company’s prospects over the next 12 months (2016: 34 per cent) and as many as 60 per cent have the same degree of confidence over the next three years – by far the highest of any region, the survey finds.
Meanwhile, 88 per cent of CEOs in the region are confident about their company’s prospects for revenue growth over the next 12 months.
The improving confidence has a positive impact on job creation as 56 per cent of the region’s respondents. The regional figure compares with an average of 52 per cent CEOs globally who expect to increase their headcount over the next year.
Read more: http://ameinfo.com/money/economy/global-execs-positive-middle-east-ceos-cautious-2017-heres/
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1586
|
__label__wiki
| 0.758498
| 0.758498
|
Titans should relish chance to prove everyone wrong
Two-game road swoon against losing teams has Titans in serious danger of missing playoffs.
Titans should relish chance to prove everyone wrong Two-game road swoon against losing teams has Titans in serious danger of missing playoffs. Check out this story on Tennessean.com: https://www.tennessean.com/story/sports/nfl/titans/2017/12/18/hey-titans-we-dont-believe-you-can-you-shut-us-up/961269001/
Joe Rexrode, USA TODAY NETWORK -- Tennessee Published 11:37 a.m. CT Dec. 18, 2017 | Updated 12:28 p.m. CT Dec. 18, 2017
Tennessean writers Joe Rexrode and Jason Wolf break down the Titans' 25-23 loss against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium.
Titans cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) fails to come down with an interception in the second half Sunday.(Photo: George Walker IV / Tennessean.co)
SANTA CLARA, Calif. — Here’s how you want your team to respond when it’s been embarrassed and ripped and counted out, just the way Titans rookie cornerback Adoree’ Jackson did after the loss he nearly prevented.
“We’ve got to look forward. We know the position we’re in. We can have a chance to go to the playoffs and keep the ball rolling from there,” Jackson said after he couldn’t quite grab a late interception in the end zone in a 25-23 defeat Sunday at San Francisco. “At the end of the day, you’ve always got to look at the light through the tunnel. I know stuff may be dark right now, but we’re going to be all right. … You’ve got that four-hour flight. That’s enough time to contemplate, think about the game and what happened. And if you want to beat yourself up, beat yourself up. Once you land back in Nashville, it’s time to get back to work.”
More: Why the Titans still control playoff destiny despite two-game losing streak
The 8-6 Titans will have their first playoff bid since 2008 if they beat the 10-4 Los Angeles Rams at home Sunday and the 10-4 Jacksonville Jaguars at home Dec. 31. They could sneak in with a split and 9-7 record. A postseason appearance of any kind means a successful season. I don’t like their chances. You don’t, either. Only the most optimistic sort of person, one whose optimism may be chemically enhanced, would expect to see the Titans playing in January.
Tennessee Titans at San Francisco 49ers
Titans cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) walks off the field as the 49ers celebrate their game winning field goal as the Titans lose 25 to 23 at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans safety Da'Norris Searcy (21), cornerback Tye Smith (33) and cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) watch 49ers place kicker Robbie Gould (9) celebrate after he hit the game winning field goal with 2 seconds left. The Titans lost 25 to 23 at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota (8) walks off the field after San Francisco beat the Titans 25 to 23 at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.co
49ers place kicker Robbie Gould (9) kicks the game winning field goal with 2 seconds left in the game to defeat the Titans 25 to 23 at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans linebacker Wesley Woodyard (59) walks off the field after losing 25 to 23 after a last second field goal at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota (8) dives for a first down in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Eric Decker (87) congratulates wide receiver Rishard Matthews (18) after his touchdown catch in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Rishard Matthews (18) celebrates his touchdown reception in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
A Titans fan is happy after Titans wide reciver Rishard Matthews tossed him his touchdown ball in the second half against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) lets an interception slip his grasp over 49ers wide receiver Marquise Goodwin (11) in the second half at Levi's Stadium, on Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Corey Davis (84) makes a catch in the second half over a 49ers defender at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) almost gets an interception in the second half at Levi's Stadium, on Sunday, December 17, Santa Clara, CA. George Walker IV / Tennessean.co
49ers place kicker Robbie Gould (9) kicks a field goal to put San Francisco ahead 22 to 20 in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota (8) makes a throw in the second half against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans head coach Mike Mularkey argues a call in the second half with the referee during their game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers place kicker Robbie Gould (9) watches a 50 yard field goal fly through the uprights past Titans cornerback Tye Smith (33) in the second half at Levi's Stadium, on Sunday, December 17, Santa Clara, CA. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Eric Decker (87) pulls in a first down catch over a 49ers defender in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans tight end Delanie Walker (82) pulls in a first down reception in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Rishard Matthews (18) pulls away from a 49ers defender after makin a catch in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans place kicker Ryan Succop (4) celebrates a 31 yard field goal in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.co
Titans place kicker Ryan Succop (4) kicks a 31 yard field goal in the second quarter against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Eric Decker (87) makes a first down catch past 49ers cornerback K'Waun Williams (24) during the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.co
Titans tight end Delanie Walker (82) pulls in a touchdown catch over 49ers safety Eric Reid (35) during the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Rishard Matthews (18) celebrates a touchdown catch by tight end Delanie Walker during the first half against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) tackles 49ers wide receiver Marquise Goodwin (11) after a reception at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers wide receiver Marquise Goodwin (11) tries to evade Titans safety Kevin Byard (31) after a catch in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans cornerback LeShaun Sims (36) tackles 49ers wide receiver Marquise Goodwin (11) after a reception in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota (8) is sacked in the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans running back DeMarco Murray (29) rushes through the 49ers defense during the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans running back DeMarco Murray (29) is tackled by 49ers cornerback Adrian Colbert (38) during the second half at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans head coach Mike Mularkey questions a call in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers place kicker Robbie Gould (9) kicks a field goal in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Corey Davis (84) is tackled in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Rishard Matthews (18) catches a first down pass in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans place kicker Ryan Succop (4) kicks a field goal in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans punter Brett Kern (6) congratulates kicker Ryan Succop (4) after he kicked a field goal in the first quarter against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans linebacker Kevin Dodd (92) tackles 49ers running back Carlos Hyde (28) in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans head coach Mike Mularkey looks on the field in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers fullback Kyle Juszczyk (44) is tackled by Titans linebacker Wesley Woodyard (59) in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans linebacker Avery Williamson (54) grabs 49ers running back Carlos Hyde (28) in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans linebacker Erik Walden (93) stops 49ers running back Carlos Hyde (28) short of the touchdown in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans linebacker Avery Williamson (54) stops 49ers running back Carlos Hyde (28) short of the touchdown in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers tight end Garrett Celek (88) scored a touchdown in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans tight end Delanie Walker (82) has the ball stripped from his grasp by 49ers defenders in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans tight end Delanie Walker (82) sits up after losing the football in the second quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans tight end Delanie Walker (82) goes to the bench after losing the football in the second quarter against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans cornerback Logan Ryan (26) leaves the field with an injury during the game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans safety Kevin Byard (31) and cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) tackle 49ers wide receiver Marquise Goodwin (11) in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota (8) calls a play at the line of scrimmage during the first quarter of their game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers tight end Garrett Celek (88) is stoppec by Titans defenders after catching a pass during the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Taywan Taylor (13) runs upfield through the 49ers defense during the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans running back DeMarco Murray (29) breaks through the 49ers defense during the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers wide receiver Aldrick Robinson (19) is looked after after hitting the turf hard in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
49ers place kicker Robbie Gould (9) celebrates his field goal with holder Bradley Pinion (5) against the Titans in the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans cornerback Tye Smith (33) tackles 49ers running back Matt Breida (22) during the first quarter at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans stand during the national anthem before their game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans linebacker Brian Orakpo (98) and teammates wait to take the field before their game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
The Titans wait to take the field before their game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota (8) takes the field before their game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.co
Titans quarterbacks Marcus Mariota (8) and Matt Cassel (16) warm up before the game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
A Titans fan waves his banner before their game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Rishard Matthews (18) pregame at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans linebacker Wesley Woodyard (59) before the game at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans cornerback Adoree' Jackson (25) warms up before the game at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota (8) warms up before the game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans fans get a game ball before the game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans wide receiver Corey Davis (84) warms up before the game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.co
Titans place kicker Ryan Succop (4) practices kicking before the game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
Titans tight end Delanie Walker (82) warms up before the game against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium Sunday, Dec. 17, 2017 in Santa Clara, Calif. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com
But the Titans should relish this. When’s the last time this team had a chance to exceed expectations? Most of those same outsiders shoveling dirt were talking double-digit wins and praising this roster and using the term “Super Bowl dark horse” in August. And then we wondered, week after week, whether the actual product on the field or the results meant more.
Then the Titans got lost in the desert and here we are – anticipating a four-game losing streak and a lot of hard thinking from ownership about Mike Mularkey and his coaching staff. Of course, this staff is 17-13 in the past two seasons, after the franchise went 5-27 in the previous two. Even if this team ends up with a record matching its predominant quality of play – 8-8 – there are no simple decisions given perspective and all the information.
More: Titans headed for another quiet, regretful January
But that’s for later anyway. Let’s see how the Titans do. The Rams are the surprise story of this season and just went to Seattle and destroyed the Seahawks 42-7. This is a powerful defense, and the Titans are going to have to get creative to produce against it. The no-huddle approach that helped quarterback Marcus Mariota excel for most of Sunday’s game, calling plays at the line and making sharp throws, seems an obvious consideration.
“That’s his niche, not huddling up,” Titans tight end Delanie Walker said of Mariota.
The Rams feature one of the best backs in the NFL, MVP candidate Todd Gurley (1,187 yards and a league-high 17 touchdowns, with 152 and three touchdowns against the Seahawks), and one of the league’s rising young stars at quarterback in Jared Goff. The Titans have struggled against quality quarterbacks this season – Niners savior Jimmy Garoppolo the latest example – but if they can stay in character and stop the run, that gives them a chance.
Titans coach Mike Mularkey and quarterback Marcus Mariota discuss their 25-23 loss against the 49ers at Levi's Stadium and their possibilities for the postseason.
Let’s see. Let’s see what Nissan Stadium looks and sounds like Sunday. Though well short of full for a Dec. 3 win over the Texans, it was loud and made a difference. I suspect Robbie Gould’s game-winner at the buzzer Sunday will deter a few thousand folks who were on the fence about spending Christmas Eve at a football game. But you would think a team that can make the postseason for the first time in nine years with two home wins would get support.
And you would think these players would respond. Despair and anger marked Sunday’s locker room, linebacker Brian Orakpo barking expletives and proclaiming his hatred of the media to no one in particular. Approached for a question, linebacker Erik Walden responded: “What am I supposed to say?”
More: Titans report card: Marcus Mariota, passing offense snap to life, but can't finish 49ers
Jurrell Casey lamented consecutive losses to “sorry teams” and said of the games ahead: “We’re still in this. We’re going to win these next two, get ourselves back in position to get in the playoffs.”
The Titans are in a bad spot, and they knew it right after squandering a game they thought they had won. They need to get over it. There are plenty of NFL teams that would trade spots with this one right now and take a shot at two home upsets to earn January football.
“I’m excited for the opportunity,” offensive tackle Taylor Lewan said.
Reach Joe Rexrode at jrexrode@tennessean.com and follow him on Twitter @joerexrode.
Tiny Nashville Christian has two former stars at SEC Media Days
Rexrode: Second season will show Pruitt's trajectory
Rexrode: Jared Pinkney returning to Vanderbilt is massive
Rexrode: Manning likes Guarantano, so why don't you?
College football overtime rule changed going into 2019 season
Losing to Vandy again motivates Vols
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1587
|
__label__cc
| 0.645778
| 0.354222
|
Perry on Senate Budget, Sanctuary Cities and Rainy Days
The governor told a press gaggle today that the Senate budget vote is a "step in right direction" — and that big-city police chiefs who oppose sanctuary city legislation must not have been listening last Election Day.
by Brandi Grissom May 5, 2011 2 PM
Gov. Rick Perry (c) speaks with reporters outside the Senate Chamber on May 5, 2011. Marjorie Kamys Cotera
This afternoon, Gov. Rick Perry spoke to a gaggle of reporters at the Capitol, taking questions on yesterday's Senate budget vote, tomorrow's sanctuary city House floor debate and more.
On what he thinks of the Senate budget:
"It's a good step in the right direction."
On whether the Senate budget spends too much:
"I don't know about that. That's the reason we're sending it to conference. I won't judge it at this particular point in time. We know we've got to be fiscally conservative. My main concern at this juncture is to get the process moving, which they did. I do think it was wise that they recognized that the people of the state of Texas don't want the Rainy Day Fund impacted anymore."
On the fact that some big-city police chiefs have a problem with the sanctuary city bill that's about to be before the House:
"My response is that I hope they were paying attention on the second day of November, 2010, when the people of the state of Texas said pretty clearly that they wanted to have a sanctuary city prohibition in our statute. I talked about it a lot during the campaign. It was one of the major issues during the campaign. Chiefs may not get elected, but their city councilors and their mayors do. I'd have them maybe check back maybe with the people that appoint them before I got crossways with the electorate."
On the use of the Rainy Day Fund in 2003 to create the Enterprise and Emerging Technology Fund and in 2006 to help fund tax cuts:
"It was different times. I mean, if anybody can't see the difference in the times that we're in ... the idea that you'd try to hold us to a particular position in 2003, 2006, and 2011 is a little bit out of the ordinary, I think."
On his previous statement to the effect that he'd like to liquidate the Rainy Day Fund:
"You'll recall it was during a time when we had major surpluses. I don't see any reason to have huge amounts of money in a Rainy Day Fund when you have just massive surpluses. If you'll recall, in 2005, we had a $10 billion budget surplus, relative to the two-year budget before. Why have a big stack of money sitting over on the side when you have large budget surpluses? Rainy Day Funds are for those events that occur when you don't have the money to cover the cost of them. We've got a federal government right now that's not wanting to pay us its part of a disaster relief. If we're going to have to pick up the whole cost of these disasters, then you put that on top of a hurricane season that's coming that the forecasters have said are going to be approaching 50 percent more hurricanes than were forecast for last year. If we have a major storm come in the Gulf, then it makes, I think, abundant sense. So, listen, we for two years stood up and said, 'We're going to balance our budget, within available revenue, not raise taxes, and not get in the Rainy Day Fund.' Even you could've given that speech you've heard it so often. And we had an election, and the people of the state of Texas are confused about what's going on here. I would suggest to you the majority of the voters out there look at what the Senate did, from the standpoint of not touching the RDF, and salute it.
On whether he's going to appeal FEMA's denial of disaster relief declaration:
"I don't know yet, we're talking to the collective group that we discuss all these issues with ... and look at all the options that are in front of us."
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1588
|
__label__wiki
| 0.854703
| 0.854703
|
Janus, We Hardly Knew You: Rank-and-File Union Members Remain in the Dark About a Pivotal Dues Case Headed to the Supreme Court
By David Cantor | January 22, 2018
Pro-union protesters rally in front of the US Supreme Court building Jan. 11, 2016 in Washington, D.C., while the high court was hearing arguments in the Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association case. (Photo credit: Mark Wilson/Getty Images)
.@UFT’s all-hands-on-deck organizing against potentially huge #Janus loss doesn’t yet have deep roots among the rank-and-file
.@UFT chapter leaders say teachers — surprisingly — aren’t focused on landmark #Janus dues case
Last September, union President Michael Mulgrew sent a letter to his members that included a warning and a reminder.
“The Janus case is paid for and brought to us by people who want to destroy unions so your benefits and rights can be taken away,” wrote the United Federation of Teachers chief, referring to the Supreme Court–bound challenge to mandatory dues. “As we brace for this challenge ahead, remember that all of us together are the union. Because we have stuck together, we have pensions, employer-paid health insurance, job security, due-process rights, a grievance process and a voice in how our schools are run.”
Mulgrew’s audience presumably values its benefits. But past patterns in union activism — as well as recent anecdotal reports — suggest that even after months of outreach and despite its potential implications, a surprisingly large number of teachers aren’t familiar with Janus v. AFSCME. The case, brought by an Illinois child welfare worker, challenges the constitutionality of agency fees — what unions charge non-members for their share of collective bargaining costs — on the basis of free speech.
The awareness level is likely to get a bump in coming weeks as the UFT works to consolidate support in a crescendo of protest leading up to oral arguments on February 26. But so far anxiety about a threat Mulgrew has called the UFT’s “number one issue,” and for which the leadership has been preparing since an earlier high court challenge in 2015, apparently hasn’t seeped far into schools.
“No one is asking about it,” said a UFT chapter leader who supports the union’s position but asked for anonymity to avoid reprisals for speaking publicly. He said his school’s faculty was typically more engaged than many others but had little understanding of the case.
“Most of them have heard of it. Period,” he said, citing the limits of his co-workers’ familiarity with the case.
WATCH — EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE JANUS UNION CASE IN 105 SECONDS:
The union has planned rallies, canvassed door-to-door, and paid staff to distribute leaflets. The effectiveness of these endeavors was called into question by Arthur Goldstein, a technology teacher and the chapter leader at Francis Lewis High School in Queens, who recounted a funny and odd exchange between what appeared to be a teacher at his school and a UFT rep.
The rep knocked on the teacher’s door at home, Goldstein wrote in December on his blog, NYC Educator. “The person at the door knew her name and said he was from the UFT. She was pretty surprised by this. He said he wanted to talk to her about Janice. She said she didn’t know who Janice was. Then he said no, it’s Janus, not Janice, and it’s a what, not a who. So she said she didn’t know what Janus was either. The guy said OK, and then he left,” Goldstein wrote.
“This guy, whoever he was, went for a weekend of training, and when somebody says she doesn’t know what Janus is, he doesn’t even bother to tell her. Is that why we’re sending people out knocking on doors?”
UFT officials say large-scale organizing initiatives have been in place since the union joined a far-flung coalition to prevent a potential overhaul of state government that they feared could erode pension benefits. The measure was soundly rejected by New York voters in November.
“Building on the successful campaign to defeat the Constitutional Convention, we are doing outreach to our members about the Janus case,” said UFT spokeswoman Alison Gendar. “We are finding that many educators already understand the danger the case poses to wages and benefits and to their ability to have a say in what happens in their schools and classrooms.”
Building rank-and-file support is critical to stemming attrition should the court reach a decision unfavorable to public sector unions. Nearly all legal observers believe the justices will side with Janus, who says agency fees are used to support his union’s political aims, thereby curtailing his First Amendment rights. A 2016 case, Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association, appeared to be headed to a decision ending mandatory dues until potential swing Justice Antonin Scalia died, deadlocking the justices at 4–4.
Mike Antonucci, a longtime union observer and regular contributor to The 74, reported that the California Teachers Association warned of an initial 30 to 40 percent drop in membership in the event of an unfavorable decision. The CTA’s parent union, the National Teachers Association, has budgeted for the loss of 20,000 members, while the UFT predicts a 20 percent reduction in its roughly 200,000 members, which include retirees.
The conservative Empire Center for Public Policy calculated that New York unions collected $862 million in dues and fees. Based on the number who opt out of union membership but still pay agency fees, the unions would lose $110 million in the first year. Depending on how many current members disaffiliated, the actual loss could be far higher.
In addition to stemming losses, union protests are also geared to making changes in state law, according to Daniel DiSalvo, a political scientist at City College of New York who has criticized public-employee unions. Acknowledging the unions’ “massive effort to reinvigorate relations with their members,” he argues that labor leaders hope as well to more deeply embed policies like automatic enrollment of new workers and provisions that establish unions as having exclusive bargaining power in school districts.
Even with the stakes so high, only a fraction of workers are likely to participate in activity to protect their unions. A 2016 Massachusetts proposal to create more charter schools was fiercely — and successfully — opposed by the state teachers union. Although more than $40 million was spent by the two sides, only 1 percent of members took part in union protests. An internal memo said: “While this percentage was higher than in previous campaigns, it felt low to many.”
In a 2005 internal survey by NEA, the country’s largest union, a total of 36 percent — 972,000 members — responded “not at all” to a question asking how involved they were in the union. Among members with three or fewer years of affiliation, the figure rose to 48 percent.
When the teacher-based reform group Educators for Excellence polled its members about the Friedrichs case in December 2015, a few weeks before it was heard by the Supreme Court, just 17 percent said they were aware of it.
“There was an issue around dues a while ago that no one understood,” the UFT chapter leader recalled. “I would say understanding of Janus is a little bit higher. A little.”
NYC Teachers Union Sows Confusion as It Delivers Raises, Double Dips on Dues
Janus v. AFSCME
David Cantor
david@the74million.org
@cantorrac
A Year After High Court Janus Ruling, New Survey Shows Most Teachers Still Don’t Know They Can Opt Out of Union Membership, Dues
Human Right or Federal Overreach? House Members Spar Over Legislation to Protect Public Workers
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1589
|
__label__wiki
| 0.93725
| 0.93725
|
President Loses 'Iron Hand,' Gains Donilon
The key to understanding why President Obama picked deputy National Security Adviser Tom Donilon to replace Gen. James Jones has three grooves: one, Donilon is a civilian policy wonk loyal to the President who has been involved in every facet of foreign policy since the beginning of the administration; two, he's a politically-savvy Democrat; and three, he's an adviser whom the President can count on standing up to and pushing back against the military, when necessary.
The perception of Jones was that he was often indecisive, to the point where some of his colleagues would joke about the irony of his Secret Service code name: "Iron Hand."
But Jones, former commandant of the Marine Corps, was committed to the inter-agency process he oversaw and to the structure of the National Security Staff he helped create. This was deliberate on Jones's part: he believed the policy-making process was so "20th century" (in his words) and was committed to the new process he helped create, one that elevated issues like cybersecurity and climate change to the spectrum of issues that the National Security Staff wrestled with on a daily basis.
Obama selected Jones in part based on the private recommendation of Brent Scowcroft, the former Bush national security adviser, who told Obama that Jones would serve as an honest broker and would help the President navigate the complex terrain of civilian-military relations during a time of two wars. Jones had to first figure out how to handle the assortment of political and policy aides who knew the President better and could channel his voice; this led to friction that has lasted, in some degree, to this day.
Jones's colleagues at the White House credit him, along with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, for the apparent success of the "Russian Reset," which resulted, most recently, in Russia's decision to move toward the U.S. on sanctions against Iran and to return money that Tehran paid to Moscow to purchase S-300 missiles (that Tehran now won't receive). Without Jones, a colleague said, the new START treaty with Russia might never have been negotiated.
If Bob Woodward's book, Obama's Wars, is canon, then two things are true: Jones, while initially warming to Donilon, grew wary of the man who would be his successor. And Defense Secretary Robert Gates does not view the prospect of Donilon's new job with enthusiasm. (Gates, today, said that he enjoyed a "good" working relationship with Donilon "despite what you may have read.")
"The Woodward characterization is way outdated and it does not reflect the current state of the relationship," a senior defense official said today. "They did some have issues back during the Af-Pak review, but those issues have been addressed and long since overcome, and they have enjoyed a good working relationship now for many, many months." The official added that Donilon's ascension does not affect Gates's own timetable for leaving the Pentagon.
In a statement released this afternoon, Gates said that "Tom brings a wealth of experience and seasoning into this critical position, particularly from his current tenure as Deputy National Security Advisor. As I can attest from firsthand experience, Tom has been in one of the toughest jobs in Washington and done it well."
If anything, it's Donilon's "tone" that offended Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Mike Mullen, who didn't like Donilon's "butting in" to what were purely defense affairs. A Pentagon consultant who participated in the first Afghanistan review and who is close to several senior generals and admirals put it more starkly: "The military hates the guy."
A senior administration official said that Jones and Donilon "have a far broader working relationship than is reflected in that book," which means, essentially, that it could have been better, but it was not toxic.
Donilson gets along well with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who said today that Obama had made a "wise" choice in selecting him.
Over the next several months, President Obama will govern amid an incredible amount of turnover in his foreign policy team: not only has Gates said that he will not be around forever, but Mullen's tenure as Joint Chiefs chairman comes to an end, along with that of Vice Chair Gen. James Cartwright, who gets along well with the President and his team. Other key positions that must be filled include the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief of Staff of the Army, and the Commanding General of the Joint Special Operations Command, the nation's counterterrorism army. In December, the administration plans to assess the Afghanistan strategy, and in November, Obama plans a 10-day trip to Asia.
Jones had told the president he intended to leave during the final quarter of 2010. After Rahm Emanuel's resignation as chief of staff, Obama decided that, "[l]ooking prospectively, it's better to get the new team in place now and head fresh into this trip and this review," a senior administration official said.
Donilon shares Obama's impatience with the pace of the troop surge into Afghanistan, and he shares Obama's intention not to get mired in a years-long drawdown that will replace the conventional military footprint with a quasi-combat permanent presence.
He already attends the daily intelligence briefing, explaining to the President what policies are in place to contain and respond to the daily matrix of national security threats. He chairs the deputies process, which is what tees up issues for the President to decide. He has been quite aggressive in expanding the reach of that table, and there is not an issue that does not have, in some way, Donilon's fingerprints.
Donilon has been the NSS's point person on Iran, bringing together diplomatic, military, and intelligence policies. He's effectively the deputy to Secretary Clinton in managing the administration's new push for Middle East peace. And he's become active in working the administration's complex military and economic relationships with Asian countries.
"Donilon is viewed as uber-competent, a guy who knows how to work the bureaucracy to get things done. But he is not going to be a big thinker for Obama -- the President will have to turn elsewhere if he wants that," an adviser to the State Department said.
Marc Ambinder is a contributing editor at The Atlantic. He is also a senior contributor at Defense One, a contributing editor at GQ, and a regular contributor at The Week.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1591
|
__label__cc
| 0.584118
| 0.415882
|
What Religion Is Westminster Abbey
The Initiative BlogWord Of Faith Movement Joyce Meyer
Predominant Religion In Bangladesh
Word Of Faith Movement Joyce Meyer
Jul 17, 2014. When examining the site's statement of faith, we are glad to see an. Let's take a look at scripture and then Joyce Meyer's teachings. obligated to judge what Mrs. Meyer says against the word of God?. It can only be because she has bought into many of the errors of the Positive Confession movement.
The Word of Faith Movement (WoF) is a cult. This false teaching consists of a series of countless lies and deceptions that lead to death. It is a twisting, turning, and torturing of the truth of the Word of God.
Apr 29, 2013. Joyce Meyer's name has often been linked to the Word of Faith (WoF) movement. The origins of WoF can be traced directly to cultist teachings.
Word of Faith (also known as Word-Faith or simply Faith) is a worldwide Evangelical Christian movement which teaches that Christians can access the power of faith or fear through speech. Its teachings are found on radio, the internet, television, and in many Charismatic denominations and communities. The doctrine renounces poverty, suffering, and defeat [definition needed] as necessary to a.
The Word-Faith movement has done more than its share of producing strife in the body of Christ. Scores of well-meaning Christians are in bondage to this unscriptural philosophy. The results of the Word-Faith teachings is to leave many people full of confusion, guilt and fear – the very things that the Word-Faith movement professes to eradicate.
And so the 53-year-old accountant from the Tampa, Fla., area pledged $500 a year to Joyce Meyer, the evangelist whose frank talk about recovering from childhood sexual abuse was so inspirational. She wrote checks to flamboyant faith healer Benny Hinn and a local preacher-made-good, Paula.
Is Joyce Meyer a Christian? Why should anyone be concerned? Joyce Meyer does not have all the same false teachings as those in the Faith Movement, but.
How the administration marketed the war to the American people has been well covered, but critical questions remain: How and why did the press buy it, and what does it say about the role of.
Posts about Joyce Meyer written by Michelle Lesley. is perhaps best known for his teaching and discernment ministry exposing the Word of Faith movement.
Advocates for stricter enforcement of the state’s seat belt law say a spate of late December highway crashes that killed two people and seriously injured several others is further evidence that.
CARM has said a few things about Joyce Meyer and has called some of. [ CARM was] glad to see an affirmation [in Meyer's teachings] of the.
More B.C. blogs for June: burnt embers: Daily photographs, both analogue and digital, with occasional thoughts from Victoria and coastal B.C. In Graphic Arts, Photography & Design. Nature Photography.
Jan 05, 2018 · False Teacher: Joyce Meyer. Joyce Meyer is a Charismatic Christian author and speaker and president of Joyce Meyer Ministries. Joyce Meyer is sadly Twisting God’s Word to say what it does not and she is misleading so many of God’s people.
Feb 6, 2016. Utah Pastor labels Joel Osteen and Joyce Meyer "Word Faith Heretics". and The Word of Faith Movement, or the Seed Faith Movement.
How does the Catholic Church view Evangelistic preachers like Joyce Meyer and. however these particular preachers belong to the word of faith movement.
Mar 27, 2019 · Bible teacher Joyce Meyer renounced prosperity teachings during a sermon on the book of Galatians. Meyer said her ideas of biblical prosperity had grown "out of balance" with Scripture. "[In] the Word and Faith movement back in the ’60s and ’70s, [there was] lot of teaching in that about prosperity," Meyer said. "I thank God for it.
Joyce Meyer Admits Her Views on Prosperity, Faith Were 'Out of Balance'. MinistryWatch encourages donors to Walk in the Word and other ministries. and the organizations and the movement he helped spawn continue to shape the 21st.
Nov 09, 2012 · Joyce Meyers does not have all the same false teachings as those in the Faith Movement, but she does have some teachings that are the same with various Faith teachers. Examine this information for yourself and line up the Biblical gospel to the gospel that Joyce Meyer teaches.
no lion’s den service tonight (july 2, 2019) no men’s group tonight (july 2, 2019)
aberration of God’s word rather than a truly anointed ministry. Viewer discretion is strongly advised when dealing with the TV-based Word of Faith movement’s preachers! Characteristics of Word Of Faith Ministries Not all Word of faith ministries have the same teaching or struc-ture; however, the following seem to be some of the typical char-
movement goes by some of the following names: Word of Faith, Health & Wealth Gospel, Positive Confession, Name it and Claim it, and Faith-formula. There is no founder per se; however, it can be traced to the cultic teachings of New Thought metaphysics and thus, much of the theology of the Word of Faith movement can also be found in pseudo-Christian cults as Christian Science, Unity
Ministries.'' Copeland is responsible for spreading many of the Faith movement's. Meyer can be classified as a Word-Faith teacher and as such has shown.
Nov 22, 2018. Posted in Joyce Meyer. JOYCE MEYER: Is her word to be trusted?. Orthodox and Protestant denominations and the Word- Faith Movement.
Jan 1, 2007. Joyce Meyer *Joyce Meyer is a Word Faith teacher. The Word Faith. You can't throw the faith movement out the window." (Joyce Meyer, PFO.
(RNS) The biggest religion news story of the 2016 election is erupting before our eyes. It is the continued vocal support of Donald Trump by public figures of the Christian right brand. Secondarily,
A Biblical Critique of the Word of Faith Movement (more commonly known as the Health and Wealth or Prosperity Gospel) “Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which you have learned; and avoid them.
Word of Faith. The Word of Faith movement or word-faith theology developed in the latter half of the 20th century in mainly Pentecostal and Charismatic churches. Its beginnings trace back to an early twentieth century evangelical pastor, E.W. Kenyon (1867-1948), who preached that God would award financial and other gifts if the faithful would ask.
You can choose to search by organization type or alphabetically by using the drop-down. If you know the name of the club or want to search for keywords, please press ctrl+f (or command+f on mac) If.
Comanche Native American Religion What Religion Is Westminster Abbey Jun 01, 2019 · At the back of an altar in Westminster Abbey is a looted tablet deemed so holy by Ethiopian Christians that only priests from the country’s Orthodox church are able to look at it. Alliance Bible Church Coon Rapids COMINGS & GOINGS. Will Kosel transferred to Pastor Milaca
Aug 5, 2013. I said, If you listen to Joel Osteen and Joyce Meyer, if you take what they teach seriously, it will. This straight from the Word of Faith Movement.
Jul 20, 2012. Joyce Meyer is a Word of Faith Charismatic / New Age teacher who. I know that the faith movement have tremendous erroneous beliefs as the.
Did you realize that Joyce Meyer is a Word-of-Faith teacher?. believe this Bible truth or the false teaching of Joyce Meyer and the Word-of-Faith wolves. Exposing the Word of Faith Movement video http://www.justinpeters.org/demo. htm.
False Prosperity Teachings of Word of Faith Teacher – Kenneth Copeland. Kenneth Copeland is one of many "Word of Faith" teachers who preach the "Name it and Claim it" message, also known as the "Prosperity Gospel", which basically claims that God owes Christians prosperity and all they have to do is ask for whatever they want and God will give it to them.
May 27, 2010. Joyce Follows (Pa Pa) Hagin, Kenneth and Kenneth Copeland. Ministries.'' Copeland is responsible for spreading many of the Faith movement's. Meyer can be classified as a Word-Faith teacher and as such has shown.
First Baptist Church New Castle De Greater Friendship Baptist Church, 646 Lakewood Ave., will be giving away free turkeys from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. today. The event is first come, first served as. The customer, Kiria McPhatter, 23, of. The latest Tweets from First Baptist Church (@FBCDE). Love God! Love People! Reach the world!. New Castle, DE. 15540 New Hampshire
636-349-0303 www.joycemeyer.org. First: God's Word is a healing agent, just as natural medicine is a healing. whether you have enough faith to be healed, just take the medicine. as she is, whose power movement Satan has fettered.
I used to follow the likes of Todd Bentley, Benny Hinn, Joyce Meyer, Joel Osteen, The intent of this article is not to fully examine the Word of Faith Movement.
What Religion Is Westminster Abbey Jun 01, 2019 · At the back of an altar in Westminster Abbey is a looted tablet deemed so holy by Ethiopian Christians that only priests from the country’s Orthodox church are able to look at it. Alliance Bible Church Coon Rapids COMINGS & GOINGS. Will Kosel transferred to Pastor Milaca Alliance in Milaca, MN from
Word Faith movement-Jessie Duplantis, false teaching at it’s best!. False prophets and teachers. Jakes, Joel osteen, Joyce Meyer all word of faith and prosperity gospel. Lazy Man And Money. Scams. What others are saying. False Teachers of God’s Word. What others are saying
Jun 12, 2009 · SYNOPSIS. Hank Hanegraaff wrote in his book Christianity in Crisis that because of the influence of the Word of Faith movement, the true Christ and true faith of the Bible were being replaced by diseased substitutes. This movement has continued to grow rapidly in the years following the book’s release and several new teachers since have risen to prominence.
Jan 21, 2010. Like the other “teachers” in the Word of Faith movement, rigorous. The following examples of Joyce Meyer's “theological” teachings have.
What Religion Is Westminster Abbey prev
Predominant Religion In Bangladesh next
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1592
|
__label__cc
| 0.740201
| 0.259799
|
If you're interested in a truly multidisciplinary education, an online liberal arts program may be the answer. Students gain a comprehensive introduction to humanities and social sciences topics in bachelor's in liberal arts online programs. In addition to an understanding of history, other cultures, and the natural universe, you'll develop the problem-solving and communications skills that employers seek.
Many online liberal arts degrees allow you to focus your studies around a career interest, such as elementary education or pre-law. Whether you use your online liberal studies degree for immediate employment or as preparation for graduate school, your career outlook is good. According to the National Association of Colleges and Employers' Fall 2015 Salary Survey, salaries for graduates of liberal arts bachelor's programs averaged $45,000 per year.
What are the Best Online Bachelor's in Liberal Arts Programs?
Harvard University Cambridge, MA
ADMISSIONS RATE 6%
ONLINE ENROLLMENT 7%
Harvard University is one of the most prestigious private universities in the world and counts U.S. presidents, Nobel laureates, and global business leaders among its accomplished alumni. Its extension school offers online and hybrid degree programs, including the bachelor of liberal arts. The curriculum blends traditional liberal arts coursework with focused subject areas such as psychology, computer science, or business. The 128-credit program accepts adults age 21 or older who have not already earned an undergraduate degree. Before students can apply they must earn at least a B in three required online courses to ensure they have the writing and math skills to succeed at Harvard. Once accepted, distance learners can pursue most of their liberal arts degree online but must complete at least 16 credits at Harvard in intensive three-week or weekend on-campus courses.
Regis University Denver, CO
Regis University is a private Jesuit university in Denver, Colorado. Online learners who enroll in the school's 120-credit bachelor of arts in liberal arts gain a strong foundation in communication, critical thinking, and problem solving skills. Regis's accelerated bachelor's of liberal art's online program consists of five-week or eight-week terms that start six times per year, which gives students the flexibility to begin their studies when it’s most convenient for them. Online courses are synchronous, meaning they are not self-paced and adhere to a structured weekly schedule. Some coursework may fall under Regis's directed study format, which allows students to design their own eight-week courses and work independently. Applicants with prior college coursework, military credit, or work experience may earn credit for previous learning and professional experience.
Endicott College Beverly, MA
Endicott College's accelerated bachelor degree programs are ideal for busy professionals who need to balance their education with work and family responsibilities. Endicott offers classes in seven-, eight-, or 15-week online sessions. The school's 126-credit bachelor of arts in liberal studies offers four concentrations: early childhood education, homeland security studies, Montessori education, and trauma studies. The liberal studies online degree program culminates in a capstone project that demonstrates the student's proficiency in their concentration and reflects their professional goals. Applicants for the college's online degree programs must have at least two years of full-time work experience to qualify for admission. Endicott is a military-friendly, post-9/11 G.I. Bill® Yellow Ribbon School, and covers costs that exceed the G.I. Bill® cap.
University of Massachusetts-Lowell Lowell, MA
The bachelor in liberal arts is one of 50 degree and certificate programs that UMass Lowell offers online. Distance learners pursuing an online liberal arts degree get a well-balanced, highly customizable program. They select two concentrations from nine areas: art history, economics, English, gender studies, history, legal studies, philosophy, political science, and psychology. The flexibility of this 120-credit program makes it ideal for working professionals who can complete coursework entirely online or as a hybrid program, with a blend of online and on-campus courses. UMass Lowell's online division accepts students from all states except Arkansas, Kansas, and Minnesota. Applicants must hold a high school diploma or equivalent, and transfer students can transfer up to 65 credits from another accredited institution. Residents and out-of-state students pay the same tuition for online programs.
Syracuse University Syracuse, NY
Syracuse University is a leading private research institution in central New York's Finger Lakes region. It offers several degrees online including the bachelor of arts in liberal studies, which helps students develop their intellectual capacities and critical thinking skills. Distance learners complete the 120-credit program using a mix of several formats, including online, accelerated, blended, and on-campus weekend classes. Some online courses are asynchronous, or self-paced. Others are synchronous, requiring students to log in and participate at particular times. To enroll in SU's online liberal studies program, students must have a high school diploma or equivalent and complete an interview with an advisor. Transfer students must have a 2.5 GPA or higher. Students can transfer up to 90 credits that fit degree requirements, including up to 66 from a junior or community college.
Oregon State University Corvallis, OR
Oregon State University's Ecampus offers more than 20 bachelor degrees online, including one in liberal studies. After completing core courses, students design their own major around their interests and educational goals. Distance learners who focus on science and technology pursue a bachelor of science in liberal studies, while those studying the arts and humanities earn a bachelor of arts. OSU operates on a quarter-based calendar, offering four ten-week terms each year. Students must complete 180 quarter credits to graduate, with at least 60 in upper division courses. Students may transfer some credits from other accredited institutions but must complete at least 45 of the final 75 credits online or on campus to earn an online liberal studies degree. All online OSU students pay in-state tuition rates.
Northwest Nazarene University Nampa, ID
Located in historic Nampa, Idaho, Northwest Nazarene University is one of eight liberal arts colleges in the U.S. affiliated with the Church of the Nazarene. The bachelor of arts in liberal studies is NNU's first program available entirely online. The program offers emphasis areas in humanities or social sciences, and new classes begin every eight weeks. Coursework is synchronous, meaning online learners complete and submit assignments on specific due dates and must participate in online discussions at designated times. Distance learners can complete coursework anywhere they have an internet connection. NNU allows on-campus students to take one class online per semester. With many financial aid options and scholarships available, the school's online liberal studies program is affordable and convenient. NNU offers part-time enrollment at a reduced rate.
Crown College Saint Bonifacius, MN
Located near Minneapolis-St. Paul, Crown College is a private, four-year institution affiliated with the Christian and Missionary Alliance. The curriculum for the school's online bachelor of science in general/liberal studies provides students with broad knowledge in the liberal arts. Focused learners complete most courses in only seven weeks. Crown allows distance learners to customize their online liberal studies degree program to match their interests. To earn their degree, students must complete at least 125 credits in Christian studies, general education, electives, and coursework in their major. The program requires a portfolio project as a capstone course, in which students illustrate how their Christian-focused education helps fulfill their career goals. Crown welcomes high school graduates and returning college students who may transfer prior college credits regardless of academic discipline.
University of Iowa Iowa City, IA
The University of Iowa is one of the top public research institutions in the country and the oldest university in the state. Its online bachelor of liberal studies is ideal for working professionals who aspire to develop their leadership skills. Students can complete UI's liberal studies online degree either fully online or with a mix of online and on-campus courses. The program comprises 120 semester hours. After completing general education requirements, students choose at least one of six tracks: expression in writing and arts; family, community, and social support; global studies; health and human studies; justice and ethics; or organizational studies. Successful applicants have an associate degree or 24 semester hours of transferable college credit and graduated high school at least 3 years ago.
Colorado State University-Fort Collins Fort Collins, CO
CSU is the first institution in Colorado to offer a liberal arts bachelor's degree online. The 120-credit program offers interdisciplinary courses that develop students' writing, problem solving, and analytical thinking skills. This online program allows distance learners to earn a bachelor of arts in interdisciplinary liberal arts at their own pace, enabling them to balance education with work and family responsibilities. It requires students to complete 120 credits of foundational coursework and a minor. The liberal arts capstone seminar is mandatory for graduating seniors, who research and present a special topic assigned by their instructor. Students interested in applying for CSU's online liberal arts program must have an associate degree or at least 40 transferable credit hours at the community college level to be eligible.
University of Illinois at Springfield Springfield, IL
Students pursuing a bachelor of arts in liberal studies at UIS design their own degree to align with their interests and career goals. They study entirely online or in combination with on-campus classes. The liberal studies online degree is a writing-intensive program, and applicants must successfully complete at least two semesters of freshman-level composition to be eligible. The online liberal studies program is selective and UIS limits the number of distance learners admitted each semester. Applicants must have an associate degree or at least 30 hours of transferrable credit for admission. They must fulfill the Illinois general education requirements before applying, and submit a two-page written statement outlining their academic or career goals, and how an interdisciplinary program will help achieve them.
California Baptist University Riverside, CA
Founded in 1950 by the California Southern Baptist Convention, California Baptist University gears its online programs towards adults who need to balance work and family with education. The online bachelor of arts in liberal studies provides a multi-disciplinary education that develops critical thinking, leadership, and decision-making skills. Online learners customize their program with a concentration in English, human development, kinesiology, or social science. Classes start every eight weeks and are available in online, hybrid, or accelerated formats. On average, students earn their degree in 18 months. Six CBU Online Educational Service Centers are conveniently located throughout Southern California, with hybrid classrooms and study lounges for local distance learners. CBU Online requires 24 transferable college credits or a high school diploma, and a minimum 2.0 GPA.
Azusa Pacific University Azusa, CA
Azusa Pacific University is a private, evangelical, Christian university northeast of Los Angeles. The school’s online bachelor of arts in liberal studies degree is an accelerated teaching degree that caters to prospective elementary school and special education teachers, and those seeking a career change. The 120-unit program prepares graduates to sit for the California Subject Examination for Teachers (CSET), and enter a teaching credential program if they are seeking certification in California. Its online format is convenient and affordable. Tuition for the online liberal studies program is less than its on-campus counterpart. APU's online program accepts students from 39 states. Applicants must be high school graduates or transfer students with at least a 2.0 GPA in transferable college coursework.
Rowan University Glassboro, NJ
Rowan University is a public research university in southern New Jersey offering graduate and undergraduate degree completion programs on-campus, online, and in a blended format. Its bachelor of arts in liberal studies: humanities/social science degree is available fully online, and is ideal for returning college students who want to complete a bachelor's degree. The curriculum strengthens students' written and verbal communications and enhances their decision-making skills. Rowan's liberal studies online degree program is part-time and provides students with 39 of the 120 required semester hours. Courses run in eight week modules and it is possible to complete the program in seven consecutive semesters. The university accepts applicants with at least a 2.0 cumulative GPA and 24 transferable college credits.
University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro, NC
The online bachelor of arts in liberal studies program at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro connects the humanities and social sciences to the realities of the working world. This 122-credit hour interdisciplinary program is highly customizable and is ideal for students with some college credit who want to earn a bachelor's degree. Classes are fully online and asynchronous – there are no set class meeting times, and coursework is self-paced. Students choose seven-week or full-semester courses, and select a concentration in humanities, social sciences, or professional studies. Tuition for UNCG's online liberal studies degree is less expensive than its on-campus counterpart. Applicants must have 60 or more transferable college credits from accredited institutions or an associate degree, and a minimum 2.5 GPA.
Bay Path University Longmeadow, MA
The American Women's College at Bay Path University offers more than 20 fully online bachelor's degrees for adult women learners, including the bachelor of arts in liberal studies. Students develop a multi-faceted perspective on the political, cultural, and social issues that define the world today. The liberal studies online degree program offers classes asynchronously in accelerated six-week sessions, with six start dates each year. Returning college students can finish their degree in one to three-and-a-half years, depending on the number of transfer credits accepted. American Women's College has rolling admissions, full-time or part-time enrollment options, and accepts online students from 41 states. It welcomes female applicants with a high school diploma or equivalent, and either 12 transferable college credits or an essay. Students may transfer up to 90 credits in the 120-credit program.
SUNY College at Brockport Brockport, NY
SUNY College at Brockport's online liberal studies program is perfect for distance learners who want to complete their bachelor's degree in a flexible format. They complete core courses and independent study online, and can choose to take electives online, on-campus, or in a blended format. Brockport's program focuses on the humanities and fine arts, natural and mathematical sciences, and social sciences. Students earn either a bachelor of arts or bachelor of science in liberal studies, depending on the number of liberal arts courses they choose. Students must complete at least 60 credits before enrolling in the 120-credit program. The program includes opportunities for students to participate in internships, research, and field work. Online students can take classes in spring, summer session, fall, and winter session terms.
University of Oklahoma-Norman Campus Norman, OK
OU's College of Professional and Continuing Studies primarily serves working adults and lifelong learners. Its online bachelor of arts in liberal studies is a fast-paced, accelerated program that helps students develop the critical thinking skills that are essential in today's job market. Courses in this 120-hour program are available fully online or in a hybrid format and are set up in five eight-week sessions. Digital learners pursuing an online liberal studies degree complete core courses, electives, and select a primary track in humanities, natural sciences, or social sciences. Applicants must transfer at least 60 hours from an accredited four-year institution or have an associate degree. It typically takes students between 18 months and three years to earn OU's online liberal studies degree.
University of Northern Iowa Cedar Falls, IA
The University of Northern Iowa's bachelor of liberal studies offers convenience and flexibility for students who want to finish their bachelor's degree. Courses are available fully online or in a blended format. Distance learners can take semester-based courses or guided independent study, which allows them to enroll in a course at any time and take up to nine months to complete it. Students in UNI's online liberal studies program choose courses in three of five distribution areas, including humanities, communications and arts, natural sciences and math, social sciences, and professional fields. UNI offers rolling admissions and welcomes applicants for its online programs from all states except California and Massachusetts. Students must have 60 hours of transferable college credit or an associate degree, and a minimum 2.0 cumulative GPA.
Founded in 1889, Saint Leo University is the oldest Catholic higher education institution in Florida and has been serving online learners since the 1990s. Its online bachelor of arts in liberal studies offers a broad, multidisciplinary curriculum, which emphasizes leadership skills. Students pursuing the liberal studies online degree receive a well-rounded education in social and natural sciences, humanities and fine arts, quantitative reasoning, and business. The program is 100% online and courses are available in six eight-week terms. Saint Leo admissions are rolling, enabling students to begin the 120-credit program whenever they are ready. It welcomes high school graduates and transfer students who may transfer up to 64 credits from accredited institutions. Saint Leo is also military-friendly and accepts up to 39 credits for military courses and training.
Westfield State University Westfield, MA
The online bachelor of arts in liberal studies at Westfield State University is tailor made for students who want to complete their bachelor's degree. It is ideal for Massachusetts community college graduates in the MassTransfer compact – the program that streamlines college credit transfer within the state's public higher education system. However, students who did not attend a state community college (or participate in MassTransfer) are welcome to apply. Westfield State's online liberal studies degree offers a comprehensive arts and sciences major that serves students in virtually any profession. It's especially valuable for those seeking teacher licensure in early childhood, elementary, middle school, or special education. Coursework is fully online and available during both semesters and the accelerated winter and summer sessions.
The New School New York, NY
Learners entering the New School's bachelor's program for adults and transfer students design their own program to align with their interests, career goals, and availability. The liberal arts program online enables students to go to school part-time, full-time, fully online, or on-campus. Distance learners earn a bachelor of arts if they take 90 credits or more in liberal arts courses; those who take fewer than 90 liberal arts credits earn a bachelor of science degree. The 120-credit program caters to distance learners with some prior college education, though that is not a prerequisite. All applicants must have a high school diploma or equivalent, and transfer students may transfer up to 84 credits with a cumulative 2.0 GPA or better from accredited institutions.
Northern Arizona University offers a different approach to online learning through its competency-based personalized learning approach. Students complete each lesson at their own pace, then take a test to assess their understanding of the competencies presented. Once they successfully demonstrate all competencies in the program, they earn a bachelor's in liberal arts online. Distance learners majoring in NAU's 120-unit online liberal arts program study literature, the arts, history, and philosophy. Those pursuing a bachelor of arts must satisfy a foreign language requirement, while those pursuing a bachelor of science complete required science courses. Personalized learning students pay tuition by subscription, not by semester. They pay a flat rate for unlimited online lessons and resources for six months, then renew their subscription until they complete their degree.
California State University-Chico Chico, CA
Students interested in a broad-based education or a career as an elementary school or special education teacher may want to consider California State University, Chico's online liberal studies degree. Its fully online curriculum is for individuals with at least two years of college, but no bachelor's degree. The 120-credit program culminates in a bachelor of arts in liberal studies and prepares graduates to enter a teaching credential program. Students who are not interested in teaching may take an online minor in sociology or career and life planning instead of upper division education courses. Applicants must have 60 transferable semester units or 90 quarter units, with a cumulative GPA of 2.0 or higher. Typically, distance learners can earn a liberal studies online degree in two to three years.
Oral Roberts University Tulsa, OK
Oral Roberts University is an interdenominational, Christian, liberal arts university in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Its online bachelor of science in liberal studies is a degree completion program for students with prior college credits, or for those who want to study multiple subject areas without pursuing a double major. ORU distance learners must complete 63 credit hours in two to three areas of study. Each semester has two seven-week sessions, and students in the online liberal studies program may take up to eight credit hours in each session. Applicants must demonstrate a strong Christian commitment, academic ability, and interest in a liberal arts education. ORU welcomes graduates with a high school diploma or equivalent, and transfer students with at least 15 college credit hours from an accredited institution.
What Will I Learn in an Online Liberal Arts Program?
Though liberal studies programs are consistent in their approach, individual course requirements vary. Every liberal arts program online develops its curriculum independently, so carefully investigate the course listings of any programs you're considering. Below, we've listed five standard core courses for a liberal studies online degree.
Comparative Arts Appreciation: This course examines the intellectual, artistic, and aesthetic parallels in art history and music history. Class discussion focuses on aesthetic judgment, art and music criticism, principle forms and genres of art and music, and the historical examination of the arts from the Renaissance through the present.
Economics I&II: Topics covered in this course include the principles of production, exchange, alternative market structures, pricing, and supply and demand. Students examine the international economy and its relationship to the U.S. commercial banking system, fiscal policy, and the principles that impact national employment and income.
World Civilizations: This course provides an overview of societies and cultures within them from ancient times through the early modern era. Students conceptually relate this knowledge to our current global society.
Constitutional Law and Politics: This course examines the structure of the American government and the guiding principles behind the structure. Discussion covers the Bill of Rights, judicial review, and key concepts of federalism, ordered liberty, separation of powers, and due process.
Psychological Science: This class provides an overview of scientific methodology in cognitive, developmental, and biological psychology. Discussion emphasizes evidence-based knowledge, the effects of diversity, ethics, social actions, and variations in human functioning.
What can I do with an Online Liberal Arts Degree?
The career options for liberal arts bachelor's degree online graduates are quite varied as the educational background is applicable to many industries. Because you hold this degree, your future employers will understand that you've been trained to think critically, bring multiple perspectives to the table, and problem-solve. Here, we've listed five liberal arts jobs that require a bachelor's degree.
Uses sophisticated technology to create images that visually promote a product or communicate a message. Creates logos, packaging, websites, fonts, and print products. Often works in conjunction with marketing or advertising team; may be self-employed. Must have well-developed artistic sensibility, meet frequent deadlines, and have excellent communications skills.
Responsible for day-to-day execution of marketing team initiatives. Duties include conceptualizing, designing, writing, creating, and presenting promotional campaigns, newsletters, and sales team incentives. Other roles may include website maintenance, market research, vendor relationship management, forecasting and reporting, and metrics analysis.
Initiates and maintains customer loyalty through prompt, accurate, courteous service. Frequently employed in call centers, serving as first point of contact for questions and complaints. Daily tasks include processing orders and refunds, providing customer education, and collaborating with internal departments to resolve issues. Must have excellent interpersonal skills and the ability to multitask.
Supports attorneys by performing legal research, preparing documentation and reports, and investigating case facts. Employed in law firms or legal departments of corporations, duties also include filing documents in court, accompanying attorneys to court, editing official court documents, interviewing clients, and directing related activities, such as the coordination of subpoenas.
Responsible for the procurement of goods and services within an organization. These products may be intended for resale, manufacturing, or internal use. Duties include negotiating contracts, developing and maintaining vendor relationships, monitoring the organization's changing needs, monitoring vendor product quality, and collaborating with sales and marketing teams to identify products that need adjustment.
Job Outlook and Salary
A liberal arts degree online can lead to jobs in nearly any sector. In fact, the BLS reports that many hiring managers view a liberal arts degree as evidence that employees have the fundamental skills that are required to succeed in their first job after college.
Below we've listed the BLS employment projections for five liberal arts jobs. Remember that location can have a significant impact on salaries and the number of available jobs. You should also consider the health of appealing industries, as some are functioning more profitably than others. A bachelor's in liberal arts online offers unique flexibility in this regard, and it may be wise to consider industry performance trends as you plan.
Employment, 2016
Projected Employment, 2026
266,300 5% increase
2,784,500 5% increase
285,600 15% increase
520,400 3% decline
Salary Growth by Experience
Because the job possibilities span so many industries, the careers shown in the table below reflect only a small portion of the potential salary growth for liberal arts degree jobs. Each of these roles requires a bachelor's degree for entry, and salaries can be boosted by further education. Some fields can be considerably more lucrative than others. Salaries increase with accumulated experience, which is typical for most careers.
To determine the best online bachelor's in liberal arts programs, we looked at the most important factors prospective students, mainly common predictors of future success and a school's commitment to online programs. This boils down to admissions rate, student loan default rate, retention rate, graduation rate, and the percent of students enrolled in online classes. All data points are taken from information provided by colleges and universities to the National Center for Education Statistics.
Each factor is weighted evenly in order to give an objective view and determine the best online bachelor's in liberal arts programs. To calculate our rankings, we looked at a school's ranking when organized by a single factor, and then averaged each category's ranking to find an overall score: Admissions Rate (20%) + Default Rate (20%) + Retention Rate (20%) + Graduation Rate (20%) + Percent of Students Enrolled in Online Classes (20%) = Final score.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1594
|
__label__wiki
| 0.858404
| 0.858404
|
Home | Apprenticeships | Jobs | Royal Navy Officer
Royal Navy officer Apprenticeships
Royal Navy officer x
Why not read our Royal Navy officer Careers Guide
Helping you find a career as a Royal Navy officer
As a Royal Marines Officer, you will manage ships and submarine operations. You will be responsible for all personnel on these vessels. This may be in a purely administrative capacity or you may be involved in the planning and execution of combat.
What does a Royal Navy officer do?
While you are on board ships and submarines, you will find yourself in all types of situations, ranging from combat exercises at sea to humanitarian operations.
You will also have a specialist role, such as:
A warfare officer, where you will be in control of weapons and defence systems, and will assist with navigation
Air fleet officer, where you will act as part of ground support to ensure that the ship’s aircraft are ready to fly when needed, or as a Navy pilot flying aircraft and helicopters
Engineering officers will oversee the maintenance of a vessel’s engines, weapon delivery systems, detection sensors and communications equipment
As a logistics officer, you will manage the control and delivery of supplies and equipment
Medical or nursing officer, a role that requires you will provide medical care to staff and their families on ships, submarines and ashore
Skills & interests required for a Royal Navy officer
Self-determination and resilience
The ability to trust your own initiative
A high level of physical fitness
Working well under pressure
What hours does a Royal Navy officer typically do?
You will be on call 24-hours a day, working 8-hour shifts that include weekends and public holidays.
What environment is a Royal Navy officer based in?
You are likely to be based on a ship. But you must be prepared to work in all kinds of extreme weather and terrain.
How much does a Royal Navy officer travel?
You will be deployed to anywhere in the UK and overseas; you must be prepared to spend long periods of time away from home, sometimes for months at a time.
How much does a Royal Navy officer get paid?
A starting salary after training will between £25,750 per annum. With experience, and depending on ranking, you can earn up between £34,000 and £39,000 per annum. Once you are highly experienced, you can earn up to £79,000 per annum.
The chance to travel the world
What qualifications does a Royal Navy officer need?
The education requirements for this job are the minimum of five GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A* to C) and two A-levels. Plus, you will need to be aged 17 and over, at least 151.5cm tall and a national of the UK or Ireland.
A degree from any field could grant you access to the Royal Navy’s graduate programme.
Photo by Andrew Thomas (licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0), flickr, resized and cropped.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1595
|
__label__wiki
| 0.507777
| 0.507777
|
K/12
Infrastructure & Equipment
The Educator Leaders Summit
The Educator Awards
The Educator Mental Health for Schools Masterclass
What can Australia’s education system learn from Finland?
by Robert Ballantyne 22 Jul 2015
Finland’s education model has been scrutinised with great interest by other countries, not only for what it has done in the past, but what it is about to do in 2016 when it unveils “a different kind of education” and introduces “teaching by topic”.
As of 2016, students aged seven to 16-years-old will undergo at least one extended class of multi-disciplinary, phenomenon-based teaching and learning. The rationale behind Finland’s radical education reforms is to build on its already world-class education system.
Currently, only a small handful of Asian countries such as Singapore and China outperform Finland in the influential Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) rankings.
Under the plan, schools will have the freedom to decide the length of each class so as to not interfere too much with their existing programs.
Helsinki’s development manager, Pasi Silander, told The Independent that a “different kind of education” was needed to prepare students for life after school.
“What we need now is a different kind of education to prepare people for working life,” Silander said.
“Young people use quite advanced computers. In the past the banks had lots of bank clerks totting up figures but now that has totally changed. We therefore have to make the changes in education that are necessary for industry and modern society.”
This is a consideration that has certainly not been lost on our leaders here in Australia.
Recent reports showing a sharp rise in Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) jobs prompted the Federal Government to commit $12m to increase student uptake of STEM subjects in primary and secondary schools.
Dr Benjamin Jones, an adjunct research fellow at the University of Western Sydney (UWS), believes that while following Finland’s example can help modernise our education system, equal effort must be made to ensure that it is fair.
The crucial difference between Finland and Australia, Jones said, is that the Finnish system has “remarkable consistency across schools” and there is little variation between students from low and high socio-economic areas.
“There is much Australia can learn from Finland if it wants to also be a world leader in education,” Jones wrote.
“It is imperative, however, that we move beyond the empty slogans of ‘clever country’ and ‘education revolution’ and put in place systems that will allow all Australians to have access to high quality education.
“If Australia is to maintain its prosperity into the future, we should look to the Finnish example and ensure our education system is not only high quality but fair.”
Free e-newsletter - get the latest news!
Copyright © 2019 Key Media
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1596
|
__label__wiki
| 0.649871
| 0.649871
|
In-depth Automotive Skills and careers
Motorsport seeks engineers to implement green tech
By Evelyn Adams 16th March 2017 12:25 pm 16th March 2017 12:25 pm
Motorsport’s greater focus on efficiency means a hunt for whole new skill sets. Evelyn Adams reports
From the invention of the mid-engine single-seater in the 1960s to the creation of Cosworth’s DFV engine a decade later, the UK has always been a world leader in motorsport. The industry boasts an intoxicating mix of speed, precision and beautiful design – and for engineers looking to transfer their skills, there has never been a better time to join.
Described by some as the jewel in the crown of British engineering, the sector currently employs more than 50,000 people in the UK, and generates a total of £11bn of sales each year. Around 4,500 firms are actively involved in the UK’s motorsport and high-performance engineering industry, and 87 per cent export their products or services.
For these figures to grow, however, the industry must stay relevant. That means embracing low-carbon technologies that are a far cry from the gas-guzzling glory days of racing. In recent years, the industry has had a makeover, placing a greater focus on efficiency and ‘green’ technologies that can be transferred to road cars. The Formula E series, for example, is the first full electric-powered race series, while Formula One and Le Mans prototype cars have been using hybrid systems for years, requiring a whole new set of skills.
Formula E demonstrates the use of low-carbon technology in motorsport
Motorsport companies are now looking to recruit engineers from other sectors to help them move towards this low-carbon future. “The hunger driving new technologies such as autonomous vehicles, energy capture and re-generation, and the need to attract a younger audience through new communication pathways, is driving the industry to look outside at other successful sectors such as gaming, software, simulation and IT,” said Chris Aylett, chief executive of the Motorsport
Industry Association (MIA).
Shaun Clayton, Prodrive’s human resource manager, agrees that, given the scale of the challenge, help is needed from non-traditional sectors. “Motorsport can often be the proving ground for technologies, while teams are always looking for new ideas that can give them an edge over the competition,” he said. “At Prodrive, while motorsport experience is undoubtedly very helpful, we are always looking for people in other sectors that can bring a different perspective and give us that competitive edge.
“We also have an Advanced Technology division where we use our motorsport approach to develop innovative technologies for clients in the automotive, aerospace, marine and renewable energy sectors. Here we are always looking for engineers who can bring skills from other industry sectors to work on projects as varied as the Land Rover BAR America’s Cup yacht to the latest hybrid vehicles and vehicle interior systems.”
The challenge isn’t for the faint-heated. A Formula One (F1) car moves from idea through to completion within just 24 months. It uses more than 11,000 parts – 80 per cent of which will be redesigned during the course of a season. To produce such a large turnover, Clayton said that there are two key qualities that an engineer from outside the industry can bring to motorsport. First, there are the direct technical skills learnt from developing what are the highest-performance vehicles in the world. The second quality is what Clayton described as “the motorsport approach to working”.
“In motorsport we are used to working to short timescales and unmoveable deadlines – a race starts when it starts and if you are not ready you miss it – there is no opportunity to push back a launch date,” he said. “This mindset and approach is increasingly something that many businesses in the automotive and aerospace approach us for and something they want to instil into their own teams of engineers.”
For more than 50 years, the UK has been responsible for more motorsport innovations than any other country. And now, given its focus on a low-carbon future, chances to innovate are even greater. For instance, Le Mans has an entry called ‘Garage 56’ in which a team can throw out standard regulations and create a concept car using new, innovative technologies. Deltawing is perhaps the most famous of the entries for its energy-efficient design that looks like a cross between a fighter jet and the Batmobile.
Innovations from designing winning cars are also used in other industries. For example, the healthcare industry is using some of the lessons learned by McLaren Applied Technologies (MAT) in F1. Meanwhile, Williams has taken motorsport expertise in energy-efficient technologies into sectors such as public transport.
Firms such as Prodrive are helping to drive the application of composites
For engineers with a talent, skills and the right attitude, opportunities exist across a range of specialisms. “There is a real shortage of skilled, experienced engineers within the industry at present and there is an opportunity for new blood,” said Aylett. “Unfortunately, the new blood
rarely comes suitably equipped with the vital practical, ‘hand’ skills essential to employers.
“The industry is taking on apprentices, students from university technical colleges and universities to develop their workforce. Motorsport companies are always looking for the next idea, spending 25 per cent of their turnover in research and development. Design engineers, composites, simulation engineers, powertrain engineers and HV battery specialists are in demand to name a few.”
Most of the jobs exist in an area known as Motorsport Valley. This describes an area around 80 miles wide stretching from the south west of Birmingham through Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire. However, many firms also operate from elsewhere in the country such as London, East Anglia and Leeds.
“Automotive is very different to motorsport,” said Aylett. “Motorsport demands a passion and commitment seldom seen in other industries. The problems experienced at this week’s Grand Prix will be solved before next week’s event, to be replaced by yet more problems demanding speedy resolution. Time management is an essential skill that simply complements the problem-solving capacity and capability demanded of the competitive racing environment.
“No race was ever delayed waiting for a car to be readied.”
In-depth Defence & security
Can technology thwart Somalia’s pirates?
12th October 2009 12:00 am 15th March 2017 10:36 am
News Aerospace
Crash-resistant drone inspired by insects
14th March 2017 10:51 am 15th March 2017 11:26 am
In-depth Nuclear
Small nuclear reactor researchers eye up alternatives to traditional technology
13th March 2017 9:00 am 13th March 2017 10:14 am
Steve Boyd 20th March 2017 at 3:54 pm
You’re a decade out. Mid engined single seaters appeared in the 1950’s with Cosworth’s DFV arriving in F1 in 1967.
Ed 21st March 2017 at 9:33 am
Formula E is emphatically not low-carbon motorsport. Most of the electricity used to power the cars inevitably comes from non-wind, non-solar sources. Then of course there is the massive ‘carbon footprint’ emanating from the staging of the races and spectator attendace.
Haiden Evans 28th March 2017 at 12:22 pm
That’s not the fault of Formula E. That’s down to governments around the world making a change to their energy sources and reducing/removing polluting road vehicles…
Geoff Bye 1st September 2017 at 2:51 pm
And don’t forget all the TV sets, kettles and toilet flushing that goes with home spectating. The bottom line is that you are always going to struggle to justify any entertainment on eco grounds as basically there is no need for it just a desire. Only legislation ( or War ) can push technology along at a rate above and beyond that required to turn a profit.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1597
|
__label__wiki
| 0.892428
| 0.892428
|
Lower dollar no free ticket to economic growth
Economy Lab
Canadian dollars.
Ryan Remiorz/THE CANADIAN PRESS
Kevin Carmichael
Published March 13, 2013 Updated May 11, 2018
On Jan. 23, the day the Bank of Canada coloured its outlook for the economy in a darker shade of gray, the Canadian dollar was trading at par against its U.S. counterpart.
The shift in the central bank's sentiment has caused currency traders to question whether Canada is such a great haven. According to Peter Hall, chief economist at Ottawa-based Export Development Canada, there's been a "dampening of the halo effect."
So the currency now trades at about 97 cents. It's tempting to read that 3 per cent decline since late January as stimulus by stealth. At one time, the Bank of Canada reckoned a drop of that magnitude was equivalent to a 1-percentage-point decrease in interest rates. That relationship has been discredited , but surely a weaker currency is as good as an interest-rate cut, especially since it benefits exporters without making it cheaper to borrow to buy a house?
It made sense to some of us around here. And then I asked around. Result: negative. The hypothesis didn't hold up so well outside the confines of the Report on Business newsroom.
Mr. Hall said the old relationship between the currency and interest rates was valuable back in the day only because the central bank used it. As soon as central bankers moved on, so did Mr. Hall.
Derek Holt at Bank of Nova Scotia said much the same. Sébastien Lavoie, a former Bank of Canada economist who now works for Laurentian Bank, said maybe something like a 4 per cent change in the value of the dollar would equate to a quarter-point shift in the Bank of Canada's benchmark interest rate, but he'd have to think about it. I doubt he will. "The relationship no longer really applies," he said by phone from Montreal.
The Canadian dollar's decline represents a windfall for any company that sells goods or services priced in U.S. dollars. That's an immediate bump in the value of sales.
However, it takes time for higher corporate revenue to affect the broader economy.
Mr. Hall says a 10 per cent drop in the currency could boost Canada's gross domestic product by 4 per cent over a period of 18 months to two years. (The loonie has declined about 8.5 per cent against the greenback since touching $1.06 at the end of November, 2011.) But that calculation assumes no headwinds. And Canada is facing plenty, especially from weaker commodity prices. Mr. Hall says whatever boost Canada's economy is getting from a weaker currency likely is being offset by the negative effects of reduced profits in the resource industries.
At Scotiabank, Mr. Holt is unsure the change in the exchange rate is all that meaningful. The loonie's decline has been almost exclusively against the U.S. dollar. The Bank of Canada also tracks the loonie against a trade-weighted basket of currencies that includes the U.S. dollar, the euro, the yen, the yuan, the Mexican peso and the British pound. The Canadian-dollar effective exchange rate index was only 1.5 per cent lower in February than in December. "I don't think the Bank of Canada is so comforted only by a decline against the U.S. dollar," Mr. Holt said from Toronto.
So what was gained by this exercise? Well, I'm reminded of the value of checking one's assumptions. And I'm reminded that there will be no free ticket back to faster economic growth. The Bank of Canada has stressed both that the Canadian economy is structurally uncompetitive, and that a stronger currency offers executives the opportunity to correct that deficiency. Policy makers in Canada aren't actively seeking a weaker currency. If that changes, we should probably worry.
"If the Bank of Canada cuts rates, it would show that it has decided businesses just aren't going to invest enough to become competitive," said Mr. Lavoie.
Loonie ends higher on commodity price gains
Most Canadians like the new bills (especially if they make a lot of money): poll
One in four Germans would back anti-euro party
Follow Kevin Carmichael on Twitter @CarmichaelKevin
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1603
|
__label__wiki
| 0.532443
| 0.532443
|
Canada's dirty economic secret: we're as indebted as the rest of you
Colin Horgan
The country touted as an example to Europe isn't in great shape. When it comes to mortgage debt, we're little better than Spain
Mon 14 Jan 2013 10.06 EST First published on Mon 14 Jan 2013 10.06 EST
Mark Carney, the Bank of Canada governor, who is taking over the as governor of the Bank of England. Photograph: Chris Watt/Reuters
To hear George Osborne tell it when he announced his selection of Mark Carney as the next governor of the Bank of England, Canada is doing very well. It "is acknowledged to have weathered the economic storm better than any other major western economy, bank bailouts have been avoided, sustained growth has returned," Osborne told the House of Commons – all of which is true. And if you listen to another Conservative government here in Canada, that's a very familiar refrain – one it broadcasts happily both internationally and domestically. Canada has "the best banking system" and the "highest credit rating in the world," Canada's finance minister Jim Flaherty reminds the opposition, contrasting Canada's current economic stability with what the government warns is a plan from the New Democrats to one day impose carbon taxes that, they say, would cripple the economy.
So confident is it of Canada's current situation, our government even likes to lecture the Europeans from time to time. "If some of the European countries could achieve the balance that Canada has, it would be ideal for those countries," Flaherty said in November. "We've been pressing Europe for a long time, the eurozone countries, and sometimes we've created a chill in the room by not going along with everybody."
Given all that, it's probably time to let you in on a secret. While it's true that as a nation, Canada learned some sound policy lessons from its own financial and economic meltdowns in the latter decades of the 20th century, a lot of us are now personally up to our eyeballs. In fact, when it comes to mortgage debt, we're not doing much better than Spain.
Canadian "household debt as a percentage of disposable income has risen by almost 60 percentage points to 165% today," Tiff Macklem, the senior deputy governor of the Bank of Canada told an audience at Queen's University. Here's the kicker: "The bulk of this rise in debt – 66%, or $636 bn – has been in the form of mortgage debt, putting Canadians in an uncomfortable neighbourhood between Spain and the United States in the ranking of household mortgage debt," Macklem said. In fact, when adjusted for international comparability, the ratio of household debt to disposable income in Canada is now higher than it is in Britain or the US.
Macklem's concerns echo those Carney has also been making for the better part of a year. As housing prices drop alongside sales across the country, the threat of a housing bubble burst and the subsequent job losses were repeated in media accounts, though often via somewhat breathless images of a dystopian futurescape of a total crash. Even if that crash is more just a bumpy landing, the worry remains: was all we managed just a simple delay of the inevitable? Is Canada next? Will all that blustering about how good we are at financial management – the kind of thing that turns attention to your central banker – come back to bite us?
"Why have we done so well?" Macklem asked his audience. "It would be a conceit to think it is because we're smarter, better educated, more inventive or harder working." Our major financial crises were earlier and forced the government to rethink public policy. But as for the public itself? Thanks in part to low interest rates, it's generally been our policy to become indebted. Just like everyone else in the world.
The only place with anything positive to report on the housing front is in Calgary, the white-collar heart of the energy resource boom. Coincidentally, this is where it will get a bit more uncomfortable for our Conservative government, given its recent struggles to fight off an image the opposition and most of the international left is most eager to tag to it – that is, that it's a mob of uncaring, Kyoto accord-abandoning, environmental regulation-destroying slaves to nature-be-damned growth in all forms.
As it turns out, even if the housing market's net deficit is somehow eliminated, the Canadian economy could still need a boost. And it might be those commodities that could ultimately help save us, as long as we're ready to export them somewhere other than the US, where our share of the market is steadily decreasing. That is likely to mean increasing output, and turning to China and India for a new customer base – something the opposition and global environmental activists generally dislike, as it would probably mean laying down an enormously contentious pipeline through, say, British Columbia. Or maybe two, if things get bad enough. Which they might.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1605
|
__label__wiki
| 0.820325
| 0.820325
|
Bruce Lee possessions to go under the hammer
Stirling Cooper jacket, wristwatch, shoes and kicking shield belonging to martial arts movie star who died at height of his fame go up for auction
Ben Child
@BenChildGeek
Auction action … Possessions belonging to the actor Bruce Lee will be sold at auction in Los Angeles on 29 April. Photograph: Cine Text /Sportsphoto/ Allstar
A jacket, watch and martial arts training equipment once owned by Bruce Lee are to be sold at auction in Los Angeles on 29 April, with fans also given the chance to bid online.
The highlight of the sale, at the specialist auction house Nate D Sanders, is expected to be Lee's Stirling Cooper grey cotton jacket, which features signatures and personal messages from the actor and martial artist's wife, Linda, and daughter, Shannon. The jacket, which was previously auctioned in 1993, will have a starting bid of $40,000 (£24,000).
Other items include a wristwatch, a pair of US size seven mahogany leather loafers, a pair of size 7.5 platform shoes, an elastic waistband, kicking shield, pull-up bar and shin protector. The shoes had been given by Lee to Bruce's close friend Herb Jackson, a first generation student of the actor's Jeet Kune Do style and maker of Lee's custom martial arts training equipment. They are expected to sell for at least $25,000 each, with the watch's starting price set at $20,000.
Lee is best known for a series of Hong Kong martial arts films in the early 1970s, as well as the English language Enter the Dragon. He died in 1973, aged 32, at the height of his fame.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1606
|
__label__wiki
| 0.776474
| 0.776474
|
Investors urge fast food and pub chains to act to reduce farm antibiotics
Letter to firms including McDonald’s and JD Wetherspoon raises concerns over health and damage to firms’ reputations
Andrew Wasley, Victoria Parsons and Nicola Davis
Sun 10 Apr 2016 08.11 EDT Last modified on Mon 13 Aug 2018 07.41 EDT
A chicken farm. Around 80% of all antibiotics used in the US and 45% in the UK are given to farm animals. Photograph: Ina Fassbender/Reuters
A group of powerful City investors who together control more than $1tn in assets have written to leading fast food, pub and restaurant chains urging them to take immediate action to reduce antibiotic use in their meat and poultry supply chains.
The financiers, including Aviva Investors, Strathclyde Pension Fund and Coller Capital, are particularly concerned about the use of antibiotics classified as “critically important” to human health and the routine use of drugs on factory farms to prevent disease.
Antibiotic use in food fuels resistance to vital drugs – report
Experts believe the drugs’ use in farm animals is linked, via the food chain, to the spread of antibiotic-resistant infections in humans. The chief medical officer, Dame Sally Davies, has described an “apocalyptic scenario” in which people going for routine operations die because antibiotics are no longer effective at stopping infections.
Meanwhile the World Health Organisation (WHO) has warned that antibiotic use in livestock production is contributing to the global threat of a “post-antibiotic era”.
The shareholder action comes as figures obtained by the Bureau of Investigative Journalism reveal an increase in cases of a strain of campylobacter – Britain’s most widespread cause of food poisoning – resistant to a key antibiotic in human patients.
The new figures, released by Public Health England under the Freedom of Information Act reveal that UK human campylobacter infections found to be resistant to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin were at their highest level for a decade last year. Infections typically come from uncooked meat, especially poultry. They are generally mild but can be fatal in young children, older people or people with a compromised immune system.
Of the 17,332 human campylobacter cases tested in 2015 for resistance to ciprofloxacin, 48% had some degree of resistance to the drug. In 2005, this figure was 30%.
Campylobacter resistance to antibiotics
Separate data released by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate in November on sales of animal medicines in the UK suggests that the use of antibiotics classed as “critically important” by the World Health Organisation on farms is still widespread and is not dropping. That is despite concerns that these are among the few options that doctors have for treating some bacterial infections in people.
The investors’ letter points out that around 80% of all antibiotics used in the US and 45% in the UK are given to farm animals, adding, “there is a significant risk of drug-resistant bacteria developing as a result”.
“Whilst we agree that antibiotics should be used for the treatment of sick animals, they should not be used to support irresponsible practices such as growth promotion or routine disease prevention of animals kept in closely confined and unsanitary conditions,” it says.
The investors behind the letter say they are worried that growing consumer awareness of the issues could damage the companies’ reputations. The letter says: “Negative media coverage and civil society campaigning can harm sales and affect consumer loyalty; a matter of particular concern for fast-food chains whose customers can easily shift their spending habits.”
The letter also points out that future regulations to curb the veterinary use of antibiotics may catch out companies that are slow to act. “There will be cost savings and reduced disruption for forward-looking companies who have established relationships with higher- welfare producers,” it reads. Both of these issues could hit the value of the food companies and so the return for investors.
Several of the companies contacted, including McDonald’s and Domino’s Pizza say they have already begun to develop policies for tackling antibiotic use on farms.
Other firms that were sent letters included Burger King, the pub giants JD Wetherspoon, and Mitchells & Butlers, the company behind the Harvester, All Bar One and Toby Carvery chains.
Jeremy Coller, the founder of Coller Capital, who was the behind the letter, which was sent last month but has not previously been made public, said: “These large food companies are key ingredients in the portfolios of most of our pensions and savings – thus it is a case of proper risk management to ask them to work out how they will meet this challenge.
“The world is changing, regulation on antibiotic use is set to tighten and consumer preferences are shifting away from factory-farmed food. As stewards of these food companies and responsible investors, we want to protect both human health and shareholder value.”
Dr James Davies, a Tory MP who is also trained as a GP, said that the over-use of antibiotics in farm animals was a great concern. “The use of some of these antibiotics for purposes such as growth promotion is clearly unnecessary from a veterinary point of view,” he said.
“It is very interesting that City investors are expressing concern about the use of antibiotics amongst animals in the supply chain of food outlets with which they are associated. This suggests an increasing realisation of the scale of the problem posed by antimicrobial resistance and the fact that irresponsible antibiotic use in animals is now being recognised more widely as a significant risk,” he added.
The shareholder letter follows research by two groups – ShareAction and Farm Animal Investment Risk & Return – into corporate attitudes around antimicrobial resistance.
In a report due on Monday, the groups say that although perceptions are shifting and the financial risks associated with the over-use of antibiotics are gaining profile, “what remains clear is that a majority of companies operating in the restaurant and fast food sectors currently depend – to varying degrees – on the prophylactic use of antibiotics within their global meat and poultry supply chains”.
In response to the letter, a spokesperson for JD Wetherspoon said: “The use of artificial growth-promoting substances, including antibiotics, is prohibited across all our livestock supply chains.”
A spokesperson for Mitchell & Butlers said: “The prophylactic use of antibiotics in livestock production is an important issue to Mitchells & Butlers and one that we are reviewing across all species, as part of our sourcing policy. We have been working with our poultry suppliers to define our antibiotic policy and we are continuing to develop this policy, species by species.”
A spokesperson for McDonald’s said it announced last year that in its North American operations, it would “only source chickens raised without antibiotics important to human medicine”. For Europe, she added: “Since 2001 ... we have been monitoring, controlling and reducing the use of antibiotics among chickens in our supply chain.
“In fact, we have a policy which bans the use of the highest priority critically important antibiotics for human medicine (as designated by WHO) in our chicken supply chain by 2018.”
A Domino’s Pizza spokesperson said: “[Our] suppliers use antibiotics only when necessary to treat diseases. This is done under strict veterinary supervision. Antibiotics are not used to prevent disease or as a growth promoter.”
A spokesperson for Burger King said: “We are currently in the process of developing the sustainability and responsibility framework for Restaurant Brands International for release in 2016. Our products currently comply with all regulations regarding the use of antibiotics.”
Ethical business
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1607
|
__label__wiki
| 0.968176
| 0.968176
|
Gun crime
Washington DC shooting: Aaron Alexis named as navy yard gunman – as it happened
• 13 deaths after Washington naval yard shootings
• DC police confirm one gunman dead at scene
• Of two further suspects, one is ruled out
• Officials say incident is fluid and ongoing
• Read our news story on the Washington shooting
Adam Gabbatt
@adamgabbatt
Mon 16 Sep 2013 18.18 EDT First published on Mon 16 Sep 2013 09.57 EDT
Employees from the navy yard complex leave a gathering point for reuniting family members that was set up inside Nationals Park in the wake of the shooting. Photograph: Win McNamee/Getty Images
11.18pm BST
• 13 people, including a gunman, are dead after a shooting at the US navy yard in Washington DC. The city's mayor, Vincent Gray, confirmed the death toll at a press conference on Monday afternoon. Gray said there is "no known motive at this stage". He said officials "do not have any reason at this stage to suspect terrorism".
• The gunman has been identified as Aaron Alexis, a 34-year-old military contractor. The FBI appealed for people to come forward with details on Alexis, who had recently been living in Fort Worth, Texas. "No piece of information is too small. We are looking to learn everything we can about his movements and his associates," said assistant Valerie Parlave.
• The FBI are still hunting a potential second suspect in the shooting, authorities said. Authorities said they were trying to locate a man seen at the navy yard this morning "to determine what if any involvement he may have had". The man is described as a black male wearing an olive military–style uniform. He is between 40 and 50-years-old, approximately 5'10" with grey sideburns, according to police.
• Authorities are yet to identify any of those killed. A police officer was among those injured. He suffered injuries to "bones and blood vessels in his legs" and was in surgery on Monday afternoon, a spokeswoman from MedStar Washington Hospital Center said. The other two MedStar patients were female. One had been shot in her shoulder, the other in her head and hand. All were expected to survive.
• Alexis was remembered as a "sweet" man by customers at a thai restaurant where he worked in Fort Worth. But police in Seattle and Texas said he had been arrested twice in recent years for gun violations. In Seattle in 2004 he shot out the tyres of a vehicle in an "anger-fuelled blackout" police said. He had also been arrested in Texas after shooting a gun through the ceiling of his apartment.
• President Obama said the victims had faced "unimaginable violence" and offered his condolences to their families. "We will honour their service to the nation we helped to make great," Obama said. "Obviously we will investigate thoroughly what has happened, as we have so many of these shootings that has happened sadly." The president issued a proclamation which ordered for flags to be lowered to half-staff at all public buildings and military posts.
Updated at 11.18pm BST
Aaron Alexis was arrested in Seattle in 2004 for an "anger-fuelled" shooting, according to the Seattle police department.
The Seattle police blog confirms that Alexis was arrested after shooting out the tyres of a man's vehicle.
Following his arrest, Alexis told detectives he perceived he had been “mocked” by construction workers the morning of the incident and said they had “disrespected him.” Alexis also claimed he had an anger-fueled “blackout,” and could not remember firing his gun at the victims’ vehicle until an hour after the incident.
Alexis also told police he was present during “the tragic events of September 11, 2001″ and described “how those events had disturbed him.”
Detectives later spoke with Alexis’ father, who lived in New York at the time, who told police Alexis had anger management problems associated with PTSD, and that Alexis had been an active participant in rescue attempts on September 11th, 2001.
Barack Obama has issued a presidential proclamation honourig the victims of the shooting at the Washington navy yard. The president has ordered for flags to be lowered to half-staff at all public buildings and military posts.
As a mark of respect for the victims of the senseless acts of violence perpetrated on September 16, 2013, at the Washington Navy Yard, by the authority vested in me as President of the United States by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, I hereby order that the flag of the United States shall be flown at half-staff at the White House and upon all public buildings and grounds, at all military posts and naval stations, and on all naval vessels of the Federal Government in the District of Columbia and throughout the United States and its Territories and possessions until sunset, September 20, 2013.
I also direct that the flag shall be flown at half-staff for the same length of time at all United States embassies, legations, consular offices, and other facilities abroad, including all military facilities and naval vessels and stations.
Aaron Alexis, who the FBI have identified as the gunman in the navy yard shooting, was a "sweet" man who never "talked about anything violent", according to customers of the Happy Bowl thai restaurant where Alexis worked in Fort Worth, Texas.
Sandy Guerra-Cline, who works as a copy editor at the Star-Telegram newspaper in Fort Worth, said she had been served by Alexis in his job waiting tables at the restaurant.
"[Alexis was] really a sweet and intelligent guy who told us that he had moved to Fort Worth with the military, kind of decided to stay on after working at Carswell," she said.
"He was an ex-airman. Still had that military bearing about him but very sweet, is not a guy that talked about guns or talked about anything violent. As a matter of fact my best memories of him were him sitting at one of the tables at Happy Bowl trying to teach himself Thai."
The owner of the restaurant, Nutpisit Suthamtewakul, told the Star-Telegram that Alexis was his "best friend".
“He lived with me three years,” Suthamtewakul said. “I don’t think he’d do this. He has a gun, but I don’t think he’s that stupid. He didn’t seem aggressive to me.”
9.36pm BST
The US Navy has confirmed that the deceased gunman responsible for Monday's shooting at the Washington navy yard is a former sailor, Spencer Ackerman reports:
Aaron Alexis, 34, served in the US Navy from May 2007 to January 2011, according to Rear Admiral John Kirby, the Navy's chief of information.
Alexis, whose home of record is listed as New York City, was a Navy aviation electrician's mate 3rd class. From February 1 2008 until his detachment from the Navy on January 31 2011, Alexis was assigned to Fleet Logistics Support Squadron (VR) 46, in Fort Worth, Texas. Numerous media reports cited a gun-related arrest for Alexis in Forth Worth in 2010.
The FBI, which is now leading the investigation, is still determining how Alexis got onto the Washington navy yard installation.
According to a Navy document, Alexis is not listed as having served overseas, but is listed as receiving the National Defense Service Medal and the Global War on Terrorism Service Medal. DC police had identified two other "potential suspects" early on Monday, but have since ruled out one of them. They continue to search for a second man who could be connected to the shooting.
"We can confirm that the deceased shooter from this morning has been identified as 34-year-old Aaron Alexis," said Valerie Parlave, assistant director in charge of the FBI Washington DC field office.
The FBI has posted pictures of Alexis on the "seeking information" section of its website.
Parlave appealed for information from people who recognise Alexis. "No piece of information is too small. We are looking to learn everything we can about his movements and his associates," she said.
An FBI team is now moving in at the navy yard "to process the scene", Parlave said.
"Again, we ask the public to look at the photos of the deceased shooter and to contact the FBI with any information."
The FBI have identified Aaron Alexis, 34, as the gunman responsible for the Washington DC navy yard shooting. Photograph: /FBI
Updated at 9.41pm BST
13 dead including gunman - DC mayor
DC mayor Vincent Gray says 13 people are now confirmed dead following the shooting, including the gunman.
The total had been 12 but a victim died at hospital, Gray said.
The mayor confirms that one of the potential suspects has been ruled out: "There is no reason to continue" to think that one of the suspects has been involved, Gray says.
Police are continuing to look for the second man "to determine what if any involvement he may have had". Gray says the second potential suspect was "seen in a video".
"We don't have any reason at this stage to suspect terrorism," Gray says but they will work to rule it out.
The three injured victims being treated at MedStar Washington Hospital Center are all expected to make good recoveries, according to the hospital's chief medical officer Janis Orlowski.
Orlowski said the male victim – who she earlier identified as a police officer – has "been in surgery for several hours and we expect that surgery to continue".
"He is expected to make a good recovery," she said.
Orlowski said a second victim who has a shoulder wound is also in surgery. She will remain in surgery for a couple of hours.
The third victim, a woman who was shot in the head and in the hand "will not have surgery" Orlowski said.
"She is a very, very, lucky young lady," she said. The bullet "did not penetrate the skull – that means it did not penetrate the bone," Orlowski said. The victim "will recover without surgery".
Suspect identified
Multiple news organisations including NBC, AP, CNN, the Washington Post and the New York Times have identified the dead gunman as Aaron Alexis, 34, a military contractor from Texas.
Reports suggest Alexis was positively identified from a photo ID removed from his body. The next police update is due shortly.
A number of streets are still closed in DC. The district department of transport has issued this map showing some of the main closures.
Naval Sea Systems Command employees remain on lockdown:
NAVSEA (@NAVSEA)
UPDATE: All NAVSEA employees still on lockdown. Will give an update ASAP when there is a change to this status.
The Senate is to be shut down while uncertainty continues over the navy yard shooting, according to Senate officials. A number of DC reporters say the lockdown will last for the next two hours. DC police have eliminated one "potential suspect" from their enquiries, but have yet to locate a second man who they said could be involved.
Ashley Parker (@AshleyRParker)
Per Senate lockdown, no one can enter/exit the complex for the next two hours — No danger, just "out of an abudance of caution.:
The US navy has issued an "order to account" for all navy uniformed personnel following the shootings this morning.
The order applies to "both active duty and selected reserve, assigned to commands in the DC metro area. The order also applies to family members, navy civilian employees, as well as, NAF and NEX personnel."
One 'potential suspect' identified, no longer person of interest
One of the two men DC police had identified as potential suspects is no longer a person of interest.
Just 30 minutes ago DC police chief Cathy Lanier said police were hunting two men in connection with the shooting. "We have reason to believe these people are involved and we need to talk to them," she told reporters.
It now appears that police have been able to rule one of the men out of their enquiries:
DC Police Department (@DCPoliceDept)
The white male in the tan outfit has been identified and is not a suspect or person of interest.
Secretary of defense Chuck Hagel has issued a statement in response to the shootings.
I have been receiving regular updates on the shooting at the Washington Navy Yard, and continue to monitor the situation closely. This is a tragic day for the Department of Defense, the national capital area, and the nation.
My thoughts and prayers are with the victims of this outrageous act of violence, their families, and all those affected by today's events. I am grateful for the swift response of federal and local law enforcement, and for the professionalism of DoD personnel at the Navy Yard complex.
The Department of Defense will continue to offer its full assistance in the investigation of this terrible and senseless violence.
Twitter user @Gerritt is among those who are on lockdown in the US navy yard. Earlier he tweeted a picture as employees evacuated, now he posts this from the navy yard food court where staff are waiting for the yard to be secured.
DC police chief Cathy Lanier said earlier that it could be two hours before the site is secured.
Gerritt (@Gerritt)
Watching the news at the Navy Yard food court. Still locked down. pic.twitter.com/B2PIPcWDqJ
DC police chief Cathy Lanier confirmed that there are "at least 12 fatalities".
Lanier reiterated that police are looking for two more potential suspects.
"Right now we have multiple pieces of information that would suggest we have at least two other individuals that were seen with firearms," she said.
"These are people that we really believe are involved in some way."
Asked why police believe there are two additional gunmen, Lanier repeated: "We have reason to believe these people are involved and we need to talk to them."
Lanier said there were "a few additional folks who were injured" besides the 12 dead. "They were not fatally injured," she said of the other victims.
More than one police officer has been injured, Lanier said, but "only one was injured by gunfire". She did not specify the nature of the other injuries to police.
Lanier repeated that police are looking for information on two men. One is a white male "between 40 and 50" wearing a tan military-style uniform consistent with navy uniform", she said.
"We also have a lookout" for a black male in an olive military–style uniform, Lanier said. That man is approximately 5'10" with grey sideburns, she said.
12 dead in navy yard shooting
DC Mayor Vincent Gray says there are "at least 12 fatalities".
There is "no known motive at this stage", he says. "We also don't know if there were other" gunmen, he said.
The "shelter-in-place" at the Washington Navy Yard – the order for employees to stay where they are – is still in effect four hours after today's mass shooting began, my colleague Spencer Ackerman reports:
A navy official confirmed that sailors and civilians assigned to the Washington navy yard, as well as all personnel assigned to the nearby Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling, are advised to stay put while authorities continue to investigate the scene.
Police are still searching Building 197 at the navy yard, the site of today's violence, which has left several people dead and others injured.
• One gunman is dead after a number of people were shot at the US navy yard on Monday morning, police said. DC police chief Cathy Lanier said a suspect was deceased, but details remain unclear. Lanier told reports that police "potentially have two other shooters that we have not located at this point".
• The two other potential suspects are both male and were wearing military-style clothing, Lanier said. One of the men was white and was last seen at "around 8.35am this morning with a handgun," she said. The second man was black, around 50-years-old, and was carrying a rifle. Police are appealing for information on the men.
• "Multiple victims" were killed in the shooting, Lanier said. She did not give exact numbers of the dead. Three victims were taken to MedStar Washington Hospital Center, were all three were in a critical condition, the hospital's chief medical officer Janis Orlowski said. The three were expected to survive.
• A police officer is among those injured, with multiple gunshot wounds to his legs, Orlowski said. She said the man had injuries to "bones and blood vessels in his legs". The other two MedStar patients were female. One had been shot in her shoulder, the other in her head and hand.
• Eye-witnesses recalled how a gunman had fired at them in the Naval Sea Systems Command Headquarters building. One man, who was not named, told CNN that as he and his colleagues left the building "we noticed him down the hall". The witness added: "As he came round the corner he aimed his gun at us and he fired at least two or three shots."
• President Obama said the victims had faced "unimaginable violence" and offered his condolences to their families. "We will honour their service to the nation we helped to make great," Obama said. "Obviously we will investigate thoroughly what has happened, as we have so many of these shootings that has happened sadly."
• Security has been increased at the Pentagon as a "proactive, precautionary measure". Department of defense spokesman George Little described the shooting as "a fluid situation". He said navy officials are working with law enforcement and the FBI "to secure the scene and begin the investigation".
DC police have issued more detail on the men they are seeking in connection with the shooting. Anyone with information is urged to call police at the numbers below.
Navy Yd Suspects B/M 50 yrs, w/rifle, drab olive military uniform; S2 W/M pistol, Navy-style khaki uniform, short slv,beret call 7279099
Navy Yard Update: for info on family members call 202 433 6151. If you have any info on suspects or were a witness call 202 727 9099
In this agency video Patricia Ward, a logistics management specialist, describes the moment shots were fired at the Washington Navy Yard. Paul Lewis quoted Ward in this post earlier today.
More from George Little:
George Little (@PentagonPresSec)
Not out of a specific threat, but as a prudent and precautionary step, we have increased our security posture at the Pentagon.
Department of defense press secretary George Little has issued this statement:
Everyone here at the Department of Defense is saddened by the incident at the Washington Navy Yard this morning. Our thoughts and prayers are with the victims. Secretary Hagel is closely following the situation and has assured the Navy we will provide any resource or capability needed to get the Washington Navy Yard community through this event.
The commander of the Military District of Washington is determining the operational and security status of military installations in the National Capital Region. Individual installation commanders have the authority to change their operating status at their discretion. While the Pentagon remains open, the Pentagon Force Protection Agency increased its security posture, not out of a specific threat, but as a proactive, precautionary measure.
This is a fluid situation. Navy officials are working closely with law enforcement and emergency management representatives from the FBI and the District of Columbia to secure the scene and begin the investigation. More information will be released from the appropriate agency as it becomes available.
President Obama has offered his condolences to the families of the shooting victims.
I've been briefed by my team on the situation. We still don't know all the facts, but we do know that several people have been shot and some people have been killed.
"It's a shooting that targeted our military and civilian personnel. These are men and women [...] doing their job and going to work. They're patriots."
He added: "Today they faced unimaginable violence that they wouldn't have expected here at home."
"I've made it clear to my team that I want the investigation to be seamless," the president said, with federal and local teams working together.
"We thank them for their service. We stand by the families of those who have been harmed," Obama said.
"We will honour their service to the nation we helped to make great. Obviously we will investigate thoroughly what has happened, as we have so many of these shootings that has happened sadly."
"This investigation is still very active," Washington DC police chief Cathy Lanier said in a press conference.
"We potentially have two other shooters that we have not located at this point."
Lanier confirmed that one shooter was deceased. She added that "multiple victims" had been killed – but would not give a number of the deceased.
In a signal of the chaotic scene, Lanier said it was "not confirmed" that there were two other shooters.
She said one of the men police were looking for was a "white male in military fatigues".
"He was last seen around 8.35am this morning with a handgun," she said.
"We also have a lookout for potentially another shooter who was involved," Lanier said. She described the second man as black and wearing a military-style fatigues.
"We do have information that those individuals are wearing military-style uniforms," she said.
Lanier urged anyone with information on the two men to call the police.
She said police received the first call with information on the shooting shortly after 8.15am. A police team was deployed "within 7 minutes of the first call coming in," Lanier said.
Incident involved up to three gunmen
The Washington DC police chief, Cathy Lanier, says the incident may have involved up to three gunmen. She confirms that one is dead, and police are searching for two others. "We potentially have two shooters out there," she said.
"We have one shooter that we believe is involved in this who is deceased," she said. "We have multiple victims inside who are deceased," Lanier added. She would not give numbers of the dead.
Washington DC's mayor, Vincent Gray, says "we're still trying to confirm the number of fatalities".
An update from Paul Lewis, on the scene in DC:
Gwen Crump, a spokesman for Washington DC Metropolitan Police Department, says the police chief Cathy L Lanier giving a press conference around 12.05pm, outside the Navy Yard.
She will be joined by the Mayor and Deputy Mayor. She dismissed rumours of a second shooting at Bolling Air Force Base.
The US Navy has an updated statement on the shooting with information for those whose family may have been involved in the incident.
Washington D.C. Metro Police Deptartment advises family members of Washington Navy Yard employees may meet their loved ones at Nationals Stadium. [Specifically] Lot B, South Capitol & N St SE
Family members looking for information about their loved ones can contact the Warfighter and Family Support Center at 202-433-6151 or 202-433-9713.
Several people were injured and there are reports of fatalities in a shooting at the Washington Navy Yard September 16.
Three people are in a critical condition at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, according to the hospital's chief medical officer Janis Orlowski.
In a press conference just now Orlowski confirmed there were fatalities at the scene but did not say how many people had been killed. She said the three victims at MedStar are "alert and responsive".
"They are able to talk to us. They do have severe injuries but we have been able to speak with all of them," she said.
"Obviously they are in pain and in distress because of what they suffered this morning," Orlowski added.
"One metropolitan police officer is here, the other two are civilians," she said. "We understand there is potentially another metropolitan police officer at the scene, but we have no confirmation of that."
Orlowski said all three were in a critical condition. The police officer, a male, has "multiple gunshot wounds to his legs", she said, with injuries to "bones and blood vessels in his legs".
The other two injured people are both women, Orlowski said. One has a wound to the shoulder, the other has injuries to her hand and head.
"Their chances for survival are very good," Orlowski said.
She said she did not know yet if any more injured people would be coming to the MedStar hospital but confirmed people had been killed at the navy yard.
"We understand there are individuals at the scene who will not be transported [to the hospital] because they are deceased."
Orlowski said medical staff believe the three patients were shot with a semi-automatic rifle.
Ray Mabus, the US secretary of the navy, has issued his first comments on the shooting. Mabus tweeted just now saying he was "shocked and saddened" by the situation.
SECNAV Ray Mabus (@SECNAV)
I have complete confidence in our first responders, and I continue to be completely focused on this very difficult situation.
Here's a gallery of images from the US navy yard. The picture below shows a number of navy yard employees congregating beneath ground.
Navy Yard employees evacuated to underground parking deck. pic.twitter.com/YVdwsVQtU8
My colleague Paul Lewis has spoken to an eyewitness at the navy yard in DC:
Patricia Ward, 53, a logistics specialist at the Navy, said she was in the canteen when the shooting took place on the fourth floor.
"I heard the first three shots: 'Pow pow pow'. A few seconds later: 'Pop pop pop' – four more shots. And then everyone in the cafeteria just started running. We panicked as we didn't know which door to use. One lady said stay in the cafeteria but I just said no. We didn't scream, we were just in shocking, running, running."
Ward ran out of the building an right blocks down M Street. "People were just flying out of the office. There was probably twenty or thirty people just running."
• Several people have been killed in a shooting at the US navy yard in Washington DC on Monday morning, police and defense officials said.
• "We believe there has been loss of life and several injuries," Pentagon press secretary George Little told reporters. Ed Buclatin, director of public affairs at the Navy Installations Command in DC said that four people have been killed and eight injured.
• Witnesses told CNN a gunman opened fire on them in the Naval Sea Systems Command Headquarters building within the US navy yard. "As he came round the corner he aimed his gun at us and he fired at least two or three shots," one man said.
• President Obama and defense secretary Chuck Hagel have been briefed on the situation. "The President directed his team to stay in touch with our federal partners, including the Navy and FBI, as well as the local officials," the White House said in a statement.
• Schools have been closed in the immediate area. Flights at Reagan National Airport were temporarily suspended following the shooting but have since resumed service.
'We believe there has been loss of life' – Pentagon
Spencer Ackerman, Guardian US national security editor, sends this update from the Pentagon:
"We believe there has been loss of life and several injuries," said Pentagon press secretary George Little to reporters. Little had no information about any arrests made at the Washington Navy Yard.
Little said Secretary Chuck Hagel was receiving "regular updates" about the "ongoing" shooter situation at Building 197 in the Washington Navy Yard in southeast Washington. One was ongoing at 10.30am.
Little did not identify any of the casualties or specify of they are sailor or civilian. Nor did he say he knew if one or multiple shooters took part in the deadly situation. It is also unknown as yet what weapons the shooter or shooters used.
Little would not speculate on any motive for the assault, citing the fluid situation.
Army Col Steve Warren, another Pentagon spokesman, said he expected "all regional military facilities" to take "prudent steps" to secure their installations, but there are no reports as yet of an attack elsewhere. Nor have regional bases been put on lockdown.
Security at the Pentagon this morning did not appear different from any other day.
The Guardian's DC correspondent Paul Lewis is on the scene at the US navy yard:
CNN has just interviewed two eye witnesses who said a gunman fired towards them this morning in the US navy yard.
One of the witnesses, who CNN did not name, said a man had fired at a group of people.
"The fire alarm went off first... I was on the phone and someone came over and said hey this is not a fire alarm, someone has been shot in the building," the man said.
As we were exiting the backdoor we noticed him down the hall. He stepped around the corner and we heard shots. As he came round the corner he aimed his gun at us and he fired at least two or three shots.
"There was a group of us. He aimed the gun and fired our way," the man said.
Four people have been killed and eight injured, according to the director of public affairs at the Navy Installations Command in DC.
Ed Buclatin reported that one gunman is down. He said his information was coming from a navy watch team.
An image from the scene. Fox 5 is the Fox News affiliate in DC.
The Guardian's Washington correspondent Paul Lewis has more information on the site of the shooting:
The Navy Yard is a secure military facility and it would be unusual for a non-staff member without credentials to be permitted onto the site.
Clearance and security ID are typically required to access the base.
Many of the streets surrounding the Yard, which is the south-west of the city, beside the Anacostia River, is in lockdown.
Helicopters were hovering above the scene and there was a huge police presence near the Yard, a complex of several buildings near the Nationals baseball stadium, around a mile from Capitol Hill.
Flights from Reagan Airport, located across the river, have been temporarily suspended.
'Several killed' in navy yard shooting – defense official
The Associated Press, citing a defense official, reports that "several" people have been killed in the shooting. The US Navy tweeted a few minutes ago that there were "reports of fatalities".
The Associated Press (@AP)
BREAKING: Defense official says several killed and as many as 10 wounded in Navy Yard shooting.
The White House has issued a statement on the shooting. It says President Obama has been briefed on the situation. Full text:
The President has been briefed several times about the unfolding situation at the Washington Navy Yard by Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism Lisa Monaco and Deputy Chief of Staff Alyssa Mastromanaco. The President directed his team to stay in touch with our federal partners, including the Navy and FBI, as well as the local officials. We urge citizens to listen to the authorities and follow directions from the first responders on site.
Police say 10 people have been shot, according to the Washington Post.
The newspaper says eight civilians and two police officers have been wounded.
A DC police officer was shot two times in the leg; a base officer was also shot.
Police say the shooter is pinned down between the third and fourth floors of a building on the base.
The US Navy says there are "reports of fatalities" following the shooting at the navy yard in Washington DC.
It is not immediately clear what the navy means by "reports".
U.S. Navy (@USNavy)
#BREAKING: #USNavy confirms several injuries with reports of fatalities at #NavyYardShooting. More to follow.
The US Navy has confirmed that "several people" have been injured in a shooting at the US navy yard in DC.
"An active shooter was reported inside the Naval Sea Systems Command Headquarters building (Bldg. 197) on the Washington Navy Yard at 8.20am (Eastern Time)," the navy said in a release on its website.
The navy said that employees at the scene had been ordered to "shelter in place". The statement on its website was last updated at 9.42am.
WUSA9, citing DC police, reports that a police officer was among the injured. He was shot twice in the leg, the channel reported, and has been taken to MedStar Washington Hospital Center.
At least three people, including a police officer, have been shot at the US navy yard in Washington DC, police said on Monday morning.
The suspected gunman remains at large within the navy yard, where police and emergency crews are gathered.
Local news websites have quoted police as saying the suspect is barricaded somewhere within the navy yard with "multiple guns".
Local news channel WUSA9, citing a police spokesman, reported that "four people and one officer" had been shot at the navy yard. The Washington Post also reported that an officer was among those shot. Reuters reported four injuries, citing a police spokesman.
WUSA9 said: "He is believed to be barricaded somewhere and have multiple guns," the channel added.
The shootings took place near to the naval sea systems command headquarters, Associated Press reported. About 3,000 people work in the building. Employees inside the building have been directed to stay in place.
What not to say after a mass shooting
Ana Marie Cox: To talk gun control just after a trauma like the navy yard shooting would be 'politicising'. No, we need to debate it every day
Aaron Alexis: police piece together picture of man 'as normal as you or me'
With no suspect to interview and no pre-written note to examine, the FBI is determined to put together some kind of picture to explain the navy yard shooter's actions
We cannot allow ourselves to become desensitized to mass shootings
Bailey Childers
Bailey Childers: I live in Washington DC, yet I was struck by how normal the day was for many. We must remember the victims and demand change
Navy yard shooting victims identified by police and remembered by loved ones
Family, friends and colleagues have begun to mourn the dozen civilians killed yesterday and now identified by authorities
Navy yard shooting: White House orders review of security procedures
Washington navy yard killer Aaron Alexis arrested twice before over guns
Washington navy yard shooting: police confirm lone gunman - video
Thirteen people dead after gun rampage at Washington naval yard
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1609
|
__label__wiki
| 0.997627
| 0.997627
|
The Street - Trailer
Birth Name: James Broadbent
Birth Place: Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England
Profession: Actor, Writer
Smilla's Sense of Snow Friday Jul 19th, 4:10am
Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason Sunday Jul 21st, 4:00pm
Paddington Sunday Jul 21st, 11:55pm
FREFM
Made his stage debut at age 4 in A Doll's House at a theater founded by his father.
Was stage manager at Regent's Park's Open Air Theatre.
Formed a comedy duo with Peter Barlow called the National Theatre of Brent.
Worked several times with director Mike Leigh, including plays Ecstasy (1979) and Goose-pimples (1981), films Life is Sweet (1990) and Topsy Turvy (1999) and TV movie A Sense of History (1992).
Had a breakthrough year in 2001, playing three very different characters in Bridget Jones's Diary, Moulin Rouge and Iris. He won an Academy Award for Iris and all three of his leading ladies (Renee Zellweger, Nicole Kidman and Judi Dench, respectively) were nominated for Academy Awards as well.
Provided the voice of character Major Mouse for a 2011 E.ON ad campaign.
2008, Golden Globe — Best Performance by an Actor in a Miniseries or Motion Picture Made for Television: Winner
2001, Screen Actors Guild Awards — Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture: Nominee
2000, BAFTA Film Awards — Best Actor in a Leading Role: Nominee
2002, Golden Globe — Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture: Winner
2002, BAFTA Film Awards — Best Actor in a Supporting Role: Winner
2012, BAFTA Film Awards — Best Supporting Actor: Nominee
0, — :
2002, Critics' Choice Awards — Best Supporting Actor: Nominee
2003, Golden Globe — Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Miniseries or Motion Picture Made for Television: Nominee
2001, Screen Actors Guild Awards — Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role: Nominee
2002, Emmy — Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie: Nominee
2017, Screen Actors Guild Awards — Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series: Nominee
2001, Oscar — Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role: Winner
1999, Venice Film Festival — Best Actor: Winner
2007, Emmy — Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie: Nominee
Dee Broadbent — Mother
Anastasia Lewis — Wife
Roy Broadbent — Father
Tom Lewis — Stepson
Paul Lewis — Stepson
The London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, London, England (1972)
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1612
|
__label__wiki
| 0.893272
| 0.893272
|
TransPak proud to be featured as a business leader in Hayward, published in this week's SF Business Times.
Mar 3, 2017 - Press Release
“We were there then and continue to make sure their equipment was and is expertly packaged to arrive at its destination in perfect condition and on time,” says Bert Inch, TransPak CEO, whose family purchased the business in 1969.
Customers rely on TransPak to be their one-stop shop rather than juggling multiple vendors. TransPak can meet their needs for crating, packaging, logistics, warehousing and distribution.
With customers ranging from Fortune 500 companies to startups, TransPak has had to consistently innovate to package and transport sensitive electronics, semi conductors and medical devices.
“There are enormous challenges in packing anything that is fragile,” says Inch. “We take care that nothing is damaged or broken from too much impact or vibration in the transportation environment, whether that be via trucks, ships or in the air.“
As their customers’ businesses have grown and expanded worldwide, TransPak has added new services, such as global logistics and product packaging design, as well as international locations to support their customer’s expanding supply chains. TransPak now has capabilities across the U.S. and in Europe, Mexico, Taiwan, Malaysia, Korea, Singapore and China. TransPak’s 125,000-square-foot Hayward Global Design Center is both a major logistics and distribution center and where much of the packaging design is done. From Hayward, TransPak literally connects Silicon Valley with the power of the East Bay to move products worldwide. “Hayward is the ideal location for our distribution business,” says Inch. “It’s central to the Bay Area and offers access to all three major airports – Oakland, San Francisco and San Jose – as well as the Port of Oakland.”
In addition, says Inch, “we’ve had he enthusiastic support of city staff facilitating the permitting process to keep us right on track as we’ve renovated our facility and added solar energy.”
TransPak is “growing greener every day,” says Inch. “We’re committed to doing our part to improve the sustainability of the supply chain by producing environmentally friendly products, reusable packaging and diverting waste from landfills.”
Globally, TransPak diverts more than 92 percent of its waste. “We’re proud of that,” says Inch.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1613
|
__label__wiki
| 0.787077
| 0.787077
|
Revenue Surpluses
The state of North Carolina received a bit of good news last week when the Office of State Budget and Management projected a $400 million revenue surplus for the fiscal year ending June 30. Some legislators, such as Senate leader Phil Berger said the surplus was due to state tax policies. That may be true. While taxes were decreased for some, hundreds of thousands of state residents paid more in state taxes than last year. Due to the elimination of retirement and medical deductions, many seniors paid more in taxes this year. Other less obvious tax increases, such as adding taxes on several services and eliminating the back-to-school tax-free weekend, also raised money for the state.
While state tax policy may have contributed to the revenue surplus, House Speaker Tim Moore took a more pragmatic view when he said the improving economy played a major factor. Indeed, his assumption is supported by the fact that several states have seen surplus revenues increase by dramatic amounts. Minnesota’s revenue surplus for the year is $1.87 billion while California will receive record revenues with a projected surplus of at least $2 billion. Like Moore, state officials from both Minnesota and California credited the improving economy with their surpluses. Jerry Brown, California’s governor who is in his fourth term, also has a reputation for sound fiscal management and long-range planning.
Unlike North Carolina, these two states achieved their surpluses without dramatic cuts in unemployment benefits or shifting the tax burden from wealthier residents to the poor and middle class. Minnesota actually increased taxes two years ago, and it’s unemployment rate, at 3.6 percent, is significantly lower than North Carolina’s. And spending levels in California reached record levels.
The question now is what should North Carolina do with the projected revenues? North Carolina Rep. Donny Lambeth, a Winston-Salem Republican who co-chairs the Appropriations committee, told the Raleigh News & Observer “There will be tough days ahead of us, and I think it would not be very wise to try to just run with all that money and spend it.”
By state law, the North Carolina General Assembly has two options: use the money for one-time expenses or put it in the state’s savings account. At this point in time, the financially prudent thing would be to place it in the latter, at least until our state leaders come to terms with our short-term and long-term needs.
There are numerous short-term needs. The state court system is asking for another $25-50 million just to keep the courts operating at a minimal level. N.C. Supreme Court Justice Mark Martin said earlier this year that the state faces “a situation where the justice system is unable to promptly serve those who turn to us for help.” And revenues could decrease next year if the state decides to reinstate the medical deduction that many senior citizens complained about losing this past year.
The long-term issues are even more daunting. Gov. Pat McCrory has requested that two bonds for $1.5 billion each be placed on this fall’s ballots. One would be used to improve state highways and the other would be used to renovate state buildings. That, however, is just a pittance as to what the state truly needs. State officials have estimated that if new revenue sources are not found, transportation funding could reach a shortfall of $60 billion by 2040.
“To say we’re at a crisis point isn’t really an understatement,” State Sen. Mike Lee, a Republican from New Hanover, told the Wilmington Star earlier this year.
Transportation could be a minor expense compared to providing services for the elderly. In just another three years, North Carolina will have more people 60 and older than 17 and younger. In another 20 years, the median age in the state will increase from 38.3 to 40.9. Three years may not seem like much, but it represents a tremendous shift to an older population, a population that is generally less productive but requires more services.
Against all of these possible and projected future expenses, $400 million does not seem like much. But every $400 million counts. It’s good news the state has a revenue surplus. Given our future needs, that money needs to be budgeted just as scrupulously as if the state had a $400 million deficit.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1614
|
__label__wiki
| 0.754892
| 0.754892
|
OK, We've Ranked NYC's Airports From Worst To Best
A deal by Alanna_Smith , 22. Feb. 2019 3:51 pm
Chances are, if you're reading this, you've had the great fortune to pass through one of the three major airports that service New York City. We are being sarcastic, of course. JFK, LaGuardia, and Newark are consistently rated as three of the worst airports in the United States.
We've attempted to objectively rank these airports from worst to best. Check out the list below.
3. LaGuardia Airport Is The Worst
Oh LGA. How do we loathe thee? Let us count the ways. There's the constant haze of drywall dust pervading its halls and never-ending sounds of power tools. There's its reputation for having the worst percentage of delays and cancellations in the country. And there's the fact that it's really only reachable by bus, and taking a bus through NYC at rush hour is our personal hell on Earth.
2. John F. Kennedy International Airport Is Not Great
JFK is, for the most part, not entirely bad. While it's still not close to midtown Manhattan, at least you can take the AirTrain to the subway rather than taking a bus. There are decent restaurants, we guess. But the thing that kills us is trying to get through customs. If you land at a bad time, prepare to spend at least an hour, maybe two, trying to get through passport control. Guess that $100 fee for Global Entry doesn't look too bad now.
1. Newark Liberty International Airport Is Kinda OK
There are three reasons why Newark is at the top of this list. First, you can take the Northeast Regional train from the airport to Penn Station, Manhattan in only 30 to 40 minutes. That's fast by NYC standards. Second, it's in New Jersey, so it's less full of itself. And third, we love Terminal C. It cost $1.4 billion to refurbish, and if that's what it costs to let us order all our food and beer from an iPad without ever talking to another human, we'll take it.
How Would You Rank Them?
Would you put La Guardia at the top of your list — or is Newark at the bottom for you? Let us know how you'd rank them down below.
East Coast New York City captains log Northeast
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1615
|
__label__wiki
| 0.791863
| 0.791863
|
New Zealand bemoans water pollution, but won't limit dairy
Sustainability made simple
CC BY 2.0 Bernard Spragg – A view of New Zealand's stunning Milford Sound
It's uncomfortable to face the source of the pollution.
New Zealanders are more worried than ever about the state of their rivers and lakes. A poll conducted by Fish & Game New Zealand revealed that 82 percent of citizens are "extremely or very concerned" about water quality. This is up from 75 percent the year before. Martin Taylor, Fish & Game's CEO, responded to the findings:
"Kiwis are extremely worried that they are losing their ability to swim, fish and gather food from their rivers, lakes and streams. People see those activities as their birth right but over the last 20 years that right is being lost because the level of pollution in waterways has increased as farming intensifies."
The environment ministry says that two-thirds of all waterways in the country are not safe for swimming and three-quarters of the native freshwater fish species are threatened with extinction (the highest rate in the world). The level of waterborne disease is also the highest in the Western world, according to freshwater ecologist Ray Death. Four people died and 5,000 fell ill in 2016 when sheep faeces contaminated a local drinking water supply.
A big reason for this extensive pollution is the dairy industry, which has been growing rapidly over the past two decades. From the Guardian:
"Dairy stock require rich, green pastures to produce the best milk, which has led to a proliferation of irrigation and fertiliser use. As the dairy herd has increased, their nitrate-rich effluent has flowed into the waterways, asphyxiating ecosystems, causing toxic algae blooms, making indigenous food sources inedible and making it unsafe for people to swim in, drink or sometimes even touch the water."
Last year the environment minister David Parker said he would cap the number of cows allowed, but there was such outrage from New Zealanders that he backtracked on this suggestion, saying a "nutrient run-off cap is more likely" and government incentives and subsidies for changing land use.
Taylor of Fish & Game believes that legislation is needed to get the situation under control. While some farmers are making efforts to clean up their acts, others are not. "They have to be made to change." Ray Death said he hoped things would change once people started dying, but "that doesn't seem to be the case." Instead, he said there's no convincing evidence that twenty years of declining water quality has been turned around at all.
I can't help but find this intriguing. On one hand, New Zealanders are deeply concerned about poor water quality and expect the government to take action to fight it; and yet, as soon as a finger is pointed at a source whose limiting could affect livelihoods and lifestyles, they refuse to support it.
This, however, is the uncomfortable reality of environmental stewardship. We have to come to terms with the fact that the status quo isn't working, has very real consequences, and these won't go away unless we change our way of doing things. If people want clean, swimmable waterways, and consuming less dairy is a means by which to achieve that, is that not a fair trade to make? I suppose it all depends on where priorities lie. This could be a valuable lesson to the rest of us, not to mention excellent motivation to reduce the amount of animal products we consume.
Want an avocado tree in New Zealand? Get in line!
'Teeny tiny' houses are becoming a big thing in New Zealand and Aus...
New Zealand will ban plastic microbeads by 2018
There's a secret hidden continent beneath New Zealand
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1616
|
__label__cc
| 0.522689
| 0.477311
|
Insuring Nature to Ensure It Protects Us
Words by 3p Contributor
By Kathy Baughman McLeod
When you hear the word ‘nature,' what do you think about? A pristine beach? A city park? Maybe your favorite wild animal?
Nature means different things to different people. But do you think of nature as a powerful source of protection from storms, rising sea levels and other negative impacts of climate change? If you don’t, then you should.
June 1 marks the start of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. And with warming ocean temperatures and rising seas, each passing hurricane season proves that what we once called ‘natural disasters’ aren’t so natural anymore.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) predicts 11 to 17 named storms to hit the Atlantic coast this year. Five to nine of those could become hurricanes, and up to four could become major hurricanes (Category 3, 4 or 5 with winds of 111 miles per or higher).
We can’t afford to do nothing. Literally.
Climate change is no longer a distant threat. We are living with the reality of it, right here and right now. The impacts of climate disruption in American states like Louisiana, North Carolina and California -- and around the world -- are clear, costly, and widespread as storms, floods and droughts become more severe and less predictable.
An estimated 840 million people around the world live with the risk of coastal flooding, and for coastal communities, the health of their economies is directly related to the health of their coastal ecosystems. For example, in 2012, while Hurricane Sandy did tremendous damage to the eastern U.S., coastal wetlands likely saved more than $625 million in flood damages across 12 states.
Nature, including coral reefs, mangroves, wetlands, sand dunes and healthy beaches, are the first lines of defense to slow waves, reduce flooding and protect coastal people and property. Seawalls, breakwaters and sand bags often come to mind as traditional disaster preparedness tools, but these are not the only options. And sometimes they aren’t even the best option.
Coral reefs protect 200 million people around the world. A healthy coral reef can reduce 97 percent of a wave’s energy before it hits the shore, and just 100 meters of mangroves can reduce wave height by 66 percent. These nature-based solutions are cost-effective, self-maintaining and adaptable to sea-level rise. And they also offer other benefits to communities that traditional “grey infrastructure” solutions simply can’t, including improved water quality, fish production and new ecotourism opportunities.
Economists, engineers, insurers and conservationists are together developing new science, models and strategies to evaluate and leverage the protective services of this natural infrastructure, including coral reefs and beaches, and to make sure they can be restored after a damaging storm.
Indeed, one of the most promising new developments to maximize the value of nature, like reefs and beaches, is the possibility of actually putting an insurance policy on it—to protect the health and protective services of these ecosystems and ensure they are restored after extreme storms hit. This combination of insurance and new science for protecting and improving the heath of reefs and beaches so they can continue to protect us, is a powerful one.
The increased threats of severe storms and climate impacts are here today. So too are replicable and scalable nature-based solutions. We need action at all levels, from the international to the local, to shift our behavior and thinking around nature and invest in it at a level commensurate with the value it provides us.
We have the opportunity, with eyes wide open to the threats of climate change and severe storms, to look at the full suite of solutions available to us to protect and sustain coastal communities and economies. And as this hurricane season is upon us, that includes taking a closer look at the potential of insuring nature to ensure nature keeps protecting us.
Kathy Baughman McLeod is the Managing Director for Climate Risk and Investment at The Nature Conservancy.
Image ©Jeff Yonover
3p Contributor
TriplePundit has published articles from over 1000 contributors. If you'd like to be a guest author, please get in touch!
Read more stories by 3p Contributor
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1617
|
__label__cc
| 0.513386
| 0.486614
|
Research Entities overview
Alaska Center for Energy and Power
Animal Resources Center
Geophysical Institute
Grants and Contracts Administration
Institute for Arctic Biology
Intellectual Property and Commercialization
International Arctic Research Center
Located just 200 miles (320 km) south of the Arctic Circle, the Fairbanks campus' unique location is well situated for arctic and northern research.
The value of scientific research includes direct investment in local economies and improvements in community life. Our research engages undergraduate and garaduate students so they gain skills and knowledge to become tomorrow's leaders.
Read about some of the complex, necessary and innovative research we conduct at UAF.
UAF research entities
[ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]
Advanced Instrument Laboratory
A multi-instrument resource for Alaska specializing in surface and elemental analysis as well as electron microscopy. Supports and trains undergraduate and graduate students and provides technical support and facilities to researchers as well as local, state, federal, and private agencies.
AIL website
Advanced System Security Education, Research, and Training Center
Provides curriculum development, program development, workshops, research opportunities, K-12 outreach, and access to information assurance research resources. Provides an isolated networked computer environment suitable for information assurance and computer security education, research, and training.
ASSERT website
Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station
Includes the Fairbanks Experiment Farm, the Matanuska Experiment Farm and the Delta Junction field research site. Georgeson Botanical Garden and the Reindeer Research Program herd are at the Fairbanks farm.
AFES website
Alaska Basic Neuroscience Program
Seeks to expand, facilitate, and stimulate neuroscience research as part of the human health research initiative at the University of Alaska. Present research concentrates on circadian rhythms and thermoregulation, hibernation as a model of neuroprotection, and neuronal regeneration and survival with an emphasis on the role of reactive oxygen species.
UAF Graduate Programs
Alaska Center for Climate Assessment and Policy
Works to improve the ability of Alaskans to plan for and respond to a changing climate through innovative research methods, stakeholder engagement, and development and evaluation of decision support tools.
ACCAP website
Focuses on research related to community and industry-scale power generation, transmission, heating, and transportation fuels. Tests small-grid and distributed generation scenarios and the performance of individual components of a power generating and transmission system. Lab is available to the industry and academia on a fee for use basis.
ACEP website
Alaska Center for Unmanned Aerial Systems Integration
Focuses on small, unmanned aircraft systems. Assists with integration of unique payloads and supporting pathfinder missions within government and scientific communities, with emphasis on the Arctic.
ACUASI website
Alaska Climate Adaptation Science Center
Provides scientific information, tools, and techniques that managers and other parties interested in land, water, wildlife and cultural resources can use to anticipate, monitor and adapt to climate variability and climatic change.
ACASC website
Responds to inquiries concerning the meteorology and climatology of Alaska from public, private, and government agencies, and from researchers around the world. Archives digital climate records, develops climate statistics, and writes monthly weather summaries, which are published in newspapers around the state and in Weatherwise magazine.
ACRC website
Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
Promotes research and graduate student training in the ecology and management of fish, wildlife and their habitats. Works to improve understanding the ecology of Alaska's fish and wildlife; evaluates impacts of land use and development on these resources. Relates effects of social and economic needs to production and harvest of natural populations.
ACFWRU website
Alaska Earthquake Information Center
Four out of five earthquakes, and nearly all of the nation’s tsunamis, originate in Alaska. AEIC tracks earthquakes in the state and provides 24/7 information to officials, the public, and emergency managers. Each year AEIC locates approximately 30,000 earthquakes statewide, and processes real time data from more than 600 sites.
AEIC website
Works to strengthen the link between fire science research and on-the-ground application by promoting communication between managers and scientists, providing an organized fire science delivery platform, and facilitating collaborative scientist-manager research development.
AFSC website
Alaska Geobotany Center
Works to understand northern ecosystems through the use of geographic information systems, remote sensing, field experiments, and other research. Vegetation classification, analysis of vegetation and landscape patterns, geobotanical mapping, snow ecology, appropriate land-use planning, and analysis of disturbance and recovery in northern regions.
AGC website
Alaska Native Language Archive
Internationally known and recognized as the major center in the United States for the study of Eskimo and Northern Athabascan languages. Publishes its research in story collections, dictionaries, grammars, and research papers.
ANLC
Alaska NSF Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
Improves Alaska's scientific capacity by engaging in research projects supported through National Science Foundation and state funds. Currently engaged in a five-year project entitled "Alaska Adapting to Changing Environments," which examines how communities adapt to environmental and social change.
Alaska EPSCoR website
Alaska Quaternary Center
Promotes interdisciplinary research and instruction in Quaternary science, the multi-disciplinary study of geological, biological, climatological and human systems of the past two million years (the Quaternary Period), and the evolution of these systems into present conditions on Earth.
AQC website
Alaska Satellite Facility
Downloads, processes, archives, and distributes remote-sensing data to scientific users around the world.
ASF website
Alaska Sea Grant
Enhances wise use and conservation of Alaska’s marine, coastal, and watershed resources through research, education, and extension.
ASG website
Alaska University Transportation Center
Improves cold region transportation through research, education, and technology transfer.
AUTC website
Assesses hazards, nature, timing, and likelihood of volcanic activity, including kinds of events, their effects, and areas at risk. Provides timely and accurate information on volcanic hazards, and warnings of impending dangerous activity to local, state, and federal officials and to the public Alaska Volcano Observatory.
AVO website
The Animal Resources Center promotes excellence in biomedical, biological, and agricultural sciences by ensuring the highest standard of animal care following sound scientific and ethical principles.
ARC website
Arctic Region Super Computing Center
A high-performance computing (HPC) research unit designed to meet the academic and research needs of university staff, faculty and students. Provides service in all aspects of high-performance computing, massive data storage and HPC network support.
ARSC website
Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research
Performs boreal forest research and monitoring at two sites near Fairbanks: the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest and the Caribou Poker Creeks Research Watershed, with additional research infrastructure in boreal tundra near Healy, just north of Denali National Park and Preserve.
BNZ LTER website
Center for Alaska Native Health Research
Embraces a collaborative research model while working with Alaska Native communities, organizations and individuals. Faculty and staff work with tribal groups and health care agencies to frame research questions, develop methodologies and procedures, and to interpret and apply data to prevention and treatment.
CANHR website
Center for Cross-Cultural Studies
We work to improve educational and professional development opportunities for rural Alaskans by providing technical support and information to school districts, Native corporations, tribal governments, community organizations, and state and federal agencies serving Indigenous communities.
CXCS website
Center for Global Change
Works to understand the physical, biological, chemical and social processes of the Arctic that interact with the total Earth system, and the relationship of those interactions to global change.
CGC website
Center for the Study of Security, Hazards, Response and Preparedness
Works to create new knowledge that reduces uncertainty in decision making; provide world leading education and research opportunities; train the next generation of emergency managers, responders and policy makers; and improve resilience should a disaster occur.
CCSHRP website
Coastal Marine Institute
Studies coastal topics associated with the development of natural gas, oil, and minerals on Alaska's outer continental shelf.
CMI website
College of Natural Science & Mathematics Division of Research
Promotes disciplinary and interdisciplinary research, and scholarly activities by providing the infrastructure facilities, resources, and administrative support required to be competitive, and to build strong and sustainable programs in established and emerging areas of research.
CDR website
Cooperative Institute for Arctic Research
Conducts ecosystem and environmental research related to Alaska and its associated Arctic regions, including the Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, Chukchi/Beaufort Seas, and Arctic Ocean. Prioritizes education and two-way outreach between scientists, managers, communities, and local stakeholders.
CIFAR website
Core Facility for Nucleic Acid Analysis
Provides nucleic acid sample analysis services as well as maintenance, support, and training for molecular biology and analytical chemistry instrumentation. Facilitates learning through training workshops and seminars, so students, faculty, and staff can learn to use available equipment.
CORE LAB website
Geographic Information Network of Alaska
Research center for sharing data and technical capacity among Alaska, Arctic, and world communities. Works to increase community-wide participation in the discovery and use of geospatial data by providing products and services that expand the range of available analysis capabilities.
GINA website
Studies geophysical processes in action from the center of the Earth to the surface of the sun and beyond. Turns data and observations into information useful for state and national needs.
GI website
Georgeson Botanical Garden
A nationally recognized botanical garden and a member of a network of educational and research institutions dedicated to plant culture and conservation.
GBG website
IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence
Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Sciences, whose Institutional Development Award (IDeA) program is intended to broaden the geographic distribution of NIH funding for biomedical and behavioral research by serving rural and medically underserved communities.
INBRE website
Institute of Arctic Biology
Advances knowledge of high-latitude biological systems through integration of research, student education and service to the nation and state of Alaska. Supports faculty and post-doctoral research and graduate education in the life sciences of wildlife, physiology, genetics and evolutionary biology, ecology and ecosystems, biomedicine, and bioinformatics and computational biology.
IAB website
Institute of Arctic Biology Research Greenhouse
Provides a reliable, computer-controlled environment ideal for performing research and educational projects in plant genetics, physiology, ecology, evolution and systematics. Facilities include four separate computer controlled (QCom) zones housing research projects and plant collections, and three climate-controlled (Conviron) growth chambers.
IAB Greenhouse website
Institute of Marine Science
Researches regional oceanography of the Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea, and Beaufort Sea. Maintains long-term climate and ecosystem monitoring stations in the North Pacific and the western Arctic.
IMS website
Institute of Northern Engineering
Provides research and engineering solutions for the world’s cold regions and beyond. INE conducts research in civil and environmental, petroleum, mining, geological, electrical, computer, and mechanical engineering. Fosters opportunities for faculty, post-doctoral researchers, and students to tackle these engineering challenges.
INE website
Fosters Arctic research in an international setting, in order to help the nation and the international community understand, prepare for, and adapt to the pan-Arctic impacts of climate change.
IARC website
Kasitsna Bay Laboratory
Located near Seldovia, this marine research and teaching facility focuses on marine and coastal ecosystems, with potential for year-round development and testing of new instrumentation for harsh conditions. Home to UAF’s cold-water scientific diving program.
KBL website
Large Animal Research Station
Excellence in research and education in high-latitude biology. Provides facilities for and expertise in maintaining colonies of large animals, coordinating educational opportunities, and conducting community outreach in support of the UAF mission.
LARS website
Mineral Industries Research Laboratory
Supports development, production, processing, refining and transportation related to mineral and energy resources of Alaska and elsewhere. Beneficiation and hydrometallurgy of ores, geotechnical engineering (including frozen ground), impact of cold climate on mine ventilation, systems engineering, mineral economics, and computational intelligence for mine operations.
MIRL website
Northern Leadership Center
Seeks to establish nationally recognized leadership training and development program and research through partnering with business, academic, and political leaders in a diverse environment.
NLC website
Office of Intellectual Property and Commercialization
UAF conducts approximately $120 million per year in research. Much of this research can lead to commercial products, licenses, technologies, software codes, new plant varieties, and other intellectual property that, if licensed or sold to business, could provide competitive business advantage and create jobs. Come see us if you are interested in commercializing your technology.
OIPC website
Petroleum Development Laboratory
Conducts research in reservoir characterization, modeling, and simulation; enhanced oil recovery; and fluid characterization, drilling, and production. Assists Alaska petroleum industry and state & federal agencies in efforts to use these resources under stable and healthy environmental conditions. Explores ways to keep fuel production and transport economical and safe.
PDL website
Poker Flat Research Range
Provides facilities for rocket launching and testing, and aurora research, over sparsely populated tundra hundreds of miles north of the Alaska range, with special permission from federal, state and tribal landowners.
PFRR website
Pollock Conservation Cooperative Research Center
Works to improve knowledge about the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea through research and education, focusing on the commercial fisheries of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands.
PCCRC website
Scenarios Network for Alaska + Arctic Planning
Bridges information gaps in our understanding of long-term trends in a changing climate. Produces local and statewide projections of future conditions that are linked to present and past conditions, objective interpretations of these scenarios, and explanations of underlying methods and assumptions. Data are available to all.
SNAP website
Toolik Lake Field Station
Supports year round research and education that creates greater scientific understanding of the Arctic in relationship to the global environment. Located in the northern foothills of the Brooks Range in Alaska on the southeast shore of Toolik Lake, 254 km north of the Arctic Circle. The location allows scientists access to the Brooks Range, the arctic foothills and the arctic coastal plain.
TFS website
The only research and teaching museum in Alaska. Has 1.4 million artifacts and specimens that represent millions of years of biological diversity and thousands of years of cultural traditions in the North. Premier repository for artifacts and specimens collected on public lands in Alaska, and a leader in northern natural and cultural history research.
UAMN website
Water and Environmental Research Center
Works to improve understanding of arctic and subarctic environments by researching water and environmental resources, training graduate students at master's and PhD levels in this field, and disseminating pertinent research information to the public.
WERC website
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1619
|
__label__wiki
| 0.584706
| 0.584706
|
Home > Explore/UWP Information > News > First UW-Parkside Sustainable Management Master's
Holdorf earns first UWP online master's
THE RIGHT TOOLS FOR THE NEXT JOB FOUND ONLINE
For some people who are approaching an age closer to retirement than when they were starting their first job, the idea of pursuing a new career may seem rather daunting. Kenneth Holdorf, 54, Pleasant Prairie, wanted to make sure he had the right tools to take on the challenge.
In order to prepare for what Holdforf says is his third career, the decision to pursue a bachelor's and a master's degree was all about acquiring new knowledge. "I am now updated on the most current knowledge that's out there," he said.
Kenneth Holdorf
Holdorf's first career spanned 20 years in the U.S. Navy. His second career, 10 years, was with the law firm of R&B Solutions in Waukegan, Ill. He completed his bachelor of arts degree at the University of Wisconsin-Parkside in December 2012 majoring in business management with a concentration in human-resource management.
Holdorf knew he wanted to add a master's degree to his resume and first thought about political science. Dr. Peggy James, dean of the College of Social Sciences and Professional Studies at UW-Parkside, encouraged Holdorf to contact Geosciences Professor Dr. John Skalbeck and explore a new master of science degree in sustainable management offered online. The program is a collaboration with four other UW System institutions through UW-Extension.
In December, Holdorf participated in Parkside's Winter Commencement after completing the degree requirements in August and become the first UW-Parkside student to earn the online sustainable management master's degree.
Holdorf says the combination of business management with sustainable management gives him a better understanding of what businesses might do to affect the environment and what it takes to be a good corporate citizen. "I have always been interested in what negatively or positively affects the environment," he said.
While an online program may not be for everyone, Holdorf says it suited him. "As a nontraditional student, it gave me more flexibility," he said. The flexibility of an online degree program allows students to access the Parkside Desire2Learn (D2L) course website, look up homework assignments, participate in class discussions – even connect with classmates – 24/7.
"Everything that is provided in the physical classroom is provided online," Holdorf said. Much like a traditional on-campus classroom, the online experience includes the opportunity to meet and learn with students from outside southeastern Wisconsin. "I had classmates from all the schools that are involved with the sustainable management program," Holdorf said. "There were also students from Minnesota and one who was living in Texas."
The D2L class roster shows which students are online. "We would bounce papers back and forth and tell other classmates to review the work," Holdorf said. The online format includes interaction with classmates, the ability to participate in discussions with the professor, and the flexibility to study at various times of the day. But Holdorf cautions that online students must be self-motivated.
"You have to be able to set a time when you go to the course website," he said. "There are time frames and time lines that must be met. Good time management is a big part of being successful in an online course."
An online course even offers opportunities not always available in a more traditional on-campus classroom. Students can post questions for the professor; something Holdorf compares to asking a question in class – the online version of raising your hand. Class participation is often measured by replies to discussion topics. And some professors will also ask for reaction to the replies of other students. It's the professors' way of having students learn from each other.
"The weekly discussions included in most online courses create a very rich environment for student learning," Skalbeck said. "The students in this program have a wealth of life experience and perspective that they share with fellow classmates, and the online format encourages strong engagement."
(l to r) Dean Emmanuel Otu, Kenneth Holdorf, Dr. John Skalbeck
Since Holdorf resides near the Parkside campus, he was often able to meet face to face with Skalbeck to discuss his degree progress and his capstone project which, Skalbeck says, has exciting prospects for sustainable elder care.
Because the concepts of sustainability may not yet be well understood throughout corporations and organizations, the ability to communicate the principles, actions, and results is important. Holdorf said the program demands a lot of writing. Skalbeck says that is by design. "Strong writing skills are vital for the success of every sustainable management graduate," Skalbeck said. "Which is why I designed my course on the natural environment to be focused on technical writing."
As for Holdorf's third career, it starts with a three-month internship at the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. Where it goes from there, Holdorf is unsure. One thing is certain: He's equipped with today's most current knowledge.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1622
|
__label__wiki
| 0.7853
| 0.7853
|
Comox Valley RCMP say that trucks adorned with Christmas lights violate the Motor Vehicle Act and could be distracting for drivers.
Police ‘won’t waver’ to allow lighted trucks to drive in the Valley
Erin Haluschak
Following a warning to two drivers who decorate their trucks with Christmas lights, Comox Valley RCMP Inspector Tim Walton told Comox council Wednesday he cannot give permission to have them drive around the Valley.
Following his quarterly update to council, Walton was asked about the situation which has gained traction around the community and through social media.
In a letter sent to Comox Coun. Ken Grant, Erin Kaetler explained on behalf of the Comox Valley Christmas Light Trucks, the goal of the lighted trucks driving throughout the Valley is to visit care homes, homes where people may be confined due to illness or disability, to spread Christmas cheer and to collect donations for charities.
“We started to develop a following and soon the Christmas Light Trucks became a much loved annual tradition in the Comox Valley,” she wrote, and added the idea began in 2013 following the Cumberland parade.
Grant read the last paragraph to council and Walton, which stated: “We understand that the officers have a job to do and we fully respect their concern with the lights on the busy main roads, however, our ask is that we be allowed to continue to drive through the quiet residential neighbourhoods in first gear (approximately 10 km/hr) for the next 10 days, so that we can bring the joy of the Christmas lights to people that cannot get out of their homes to see them.”
Grant told Walton it might be best if the two parties had a conversation, and to come up with a solution.
“I think that would be the best fit for everybody in my personal opinion.”
Walton explained the RCMP have had direct contact with some of the people and drivers involved.
“Going beyond that, it would be inappropriate for me to discuss operational matters, whether it’s enforcement, or the Motor Vehicle Act,” he said.
“But I cannot, however, give permission to anybody to operate a vehicle equipped with illegal lights. That’s the public message I won’t waver from. We have had conversations and I’m sure we’re going to get more inquiries.”
UPDATED: Truck collision injures cyclist in Saanich
Christmas decorations a labour of love for Colwood residents
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1624
|
__label__wiki
| 0.970446
| 0.970446
|
Meet the Young Republicans Fighting Their Party on Gay Rights
Inside the internal battle to move beyond gay marriage—and win over new voters.
Kia Makarechi
Photo Illustration by Ben Park; By Chris Clor (left), by John Lund/Blend Images (right), both from Getty Images.
Given the behavior of some of its current presidential candidates, you’d be forgiven for assuming that the Republican Party is a haven for backward-thinking homophobes.
Rick Santorum has compared gay marriage to the terrorist attacks of September 11, and compared gay couples to those who engage in bestiality. Mike Huckabee has all but mounted a holy war against the Supreme Court for ruling in June that the freedom to marry extended to all Americans, and Scott Walker is suddenly calling for a federal constitutional amendment that allows states to ban same-sex marriage.
And yet, not too far below the pandering, headline-grabbing surface, an army of young conservatives is working to shake off the G.O.P.’s anti-gay image, recast the party as more inclusive, and retire same-sex marriage as a political issue once and for all.
“This is an issue of mass and manners,” says S.E. Cupp, a self-described Log Cabin Republican who became a viral sensation when she grew emotional in a CNN interview following the Supreme Court’s ruling on marriage. (“Those people . . . are patriots,” a teary-eyed Cupp said of gay-marriage advocates.) “On the mass side, the country just doesn’t agree with you anymore and I don’t think that’s going to [change]. So, just from the math you have to understand: you’re an outlier.
“And then on the manners, you have to understand that people like me, people who are supportive of gay rights and conservative or [who are] gay themselves, they’re fighting doubly hard to advance conservative values,” she says. “We shouldn’t be kicked out of the party, or castigated, or called anti-conservative because we hold these views.”
The polling supports the Republicans driving the change. The Pew Research Center found in February that 58 percent of millennial Republicans (born after 1980) support the freedom to marry. (Seventy-three percent of millennials—regardless of party affiliation—favor gay marriage.) More than a quarter of young voters polled by the College Republican National Committee said that opposing the freedom to marry is a deal breaker in their consideration of a candidate.
“It’s not a thing where [these Republicans] recently decided, ‘Oh, yeah, I guess it’s O.K. now,’” says Jerri Ann Henry, campaign manager for the Young Conservatives for the Freedom to Marry, who is fighting to amend the Republican Party’s official platform on the issue. “It’s literally fundamental for them. It’s human rights.”
There are two outcomes Republican advocates for the freedom to marry are working toward. The shorter-term goal, as Cupp describes it, is to “not burn ourselves as Republicans by putting people off indefinitely.” Young Republicans are trying to encourage their party elders to “talk about gay marriage in better ways,” Cupp says, until the “hearts and minds” part—the second phase of the transformation—comes to fruition. “It’s not going to be through Supreme Court rulings that you change hearts and minds,” she says. “It’s going to be meeting other people and hearing their stories, like [Senator] Rob Portman did.” Portman changed his view on marriage in 2013, two years after his son came out as gay.
Polling aside, another potential reason Republicans are softening their rhetoric is the continued contribution of openly gay individuals to the party and its campaigns. Jeb Bush’s communication director, Tim Miller, is openly gay. Ken Mehlman, the former chair of the Republican National Committee, came out in 2010. Studies have found that knowing one gay person can more than double the likelihood that someone is pro-marriage equality. There are, of course, an untold number of gay conservatives working as campaign aides and government staffers—many for candidates and politicians who don’t believe same-sex marriage should be legal. (Miller declined to be interviewed for this piece.)
Many young Republicans maintain the change is occurring from within the party. “It’s offense and it’s defense, but it’s definitely Republicans who are in the driver’s seat,” says Tyler Deaton, a partner at Allegiance Strategies and senior advisor to the American Unity Fund, who was instrumental in an effort to overcome a constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriage in New Hampshire. Citing the backlash over so-called “religious freedom” laws that detractors cite as granting store owners the “license to discriminate,” Deaton says the sea change is readily evident: “How many of these red states who have tried to do anything anti-gay have just been slashed back, even by their own constituencies—by Republicans?”
And both Deaton and Margaret Hoover, a Republican strategist who also works with the American Unity Fund, point to signs that the party is already changing its position. “The Supreme Court has just ruled with a pretty groundbreaking decision,” Deaton says. “I think that the dust is settling. The biggest question that’s being put to candidates right now is this notion of a constitutional amendment. And I think the fact that you’re seeing very serious candidates opposing the idea of a constitutional amendment? That’s huge.”
One snag in the path to a more inclusive Republican Party is a class of older, more established consultants who don’t necessarily buy the polling. “There’s still a lot of fear in the political-consultant class on the issue,” Hoover notes. “I’ve started to just look them in the eye and say, ‘Tell me the numbers,’” Henry says. “Who are you going to piss off? O.K., there are some organizations, but that’s a very small group. In pandering to them, you’ve now pissed off a majority of America.
“Another reason that I’m a Republican is that we are very cautious about changes in laws,” Henry continues, by way of explaining why Republicans have been slower to update their positions than Democrats, who themselves have really only been playing catch-up in recent months and years. “[The freedom to marry] should be something every Republican supports,” she says. “It’s right up there with limited government, with keeping government out of the lives of individuals. The party has always been dedicated to the idea that families are the cornerstones of our society.”
“The context in which I view individual liberty is that it comes down to: How do we provide an environment and climate when people can do their best work?” says __ Chrysovalantis Kefalas,__ a senate candidate from Maryland who could become the first Republican congressman to be elected as an openly gay person (others have come out after retiring or while in office). “And when people are themselves, free to be who they are and have those personal relationships that are the foundation of life, that’s how we can allow everyone to reach their potential and excel.” Kefalas joined some 300 conservatives in signing an amicus brief to the Supreme Court’s same-sex marriage decision. (Mehlman organized the effort.)
If Republicans at the federal level chose not to moderate their positions, the party could face a broader crisis and talent drain. “What we’re seeing happen is that people of this generation who are deeply, deeply interested and committed to creating meaningful social change and wanting to live lives of impact, they are looking strategically to use their time, their resources,” says David Burstein, the founder of Run for America who wrote a book on the impact of the millennial generation on society. “They’re saying, ‘I’m looking at the political system, and I don’t see things getting done. I don’t see people who, you know, really represent my views of the world.’”
Instead of taking to politics, these young conservatives might instead turn toward nonprofits, to start-ups, or other ways of enacting civil-minded change. “For people who care about the health of our democracy and citizenry, that should be a concern,” Burstein says.
John Kasich, of Ohio, garnered applause when he said at the first Republican debate for the presidential nomination that “we need to give everybody the chance, treat everybody with respect, and let them share in this great American dream that we have.” Kasich doesn’t personally believe in the freedom to marry, but his openness on the issue made him an outlier on that stage. By the next presidential election cycle, even his position might seem antiquated.
“I will say that by 2020, the Republican nominee for president will support the freedom to marry, and it will be not because it’s a conservative or liberal issue, but because it’s a non-issue,” Deaton says. Cupp agrees: “By 2020, 2024? Forget it.”
“There’s No Going Back”: Karl Rove, Kellyanne Conway, and the Odd Couple Marriage of Mike Pence and Donald Trump
Tim Alberta
Trump Is Facing Pressure to Dump Acosta From Democrats...And Mick Mulvaney
Eric Trump: “95%” of Americans Agree With My Dad’s Racist Tweets
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1625
|
__label__wiki
| 0.916585
| 0.916585
|
Remembering Amy Winehouse with the People Who Knew Her
I spoke to Henry Hate, her tattoo artist, and visited a new exhibition Winehouse's family helped bring to life at London's Jewish Museum.
by Hannah Ewens
Photo courtesy of the Jewish Museum
The week after tattoo artist Henry Hate gave Amy Winehouse her famous pinup girl tattoo, she spontaneously came back to the shop and asked to walk his dog. "I gave her the lead [the leash] and told her she could, if she'd go with [Amy]," Hate tells me over the counter of his shop in Shoreditch, a trendy London neighborhood. "I had an American bulldog, and they're super stubborn."
"Off they went, and I thought Amy would just walk around the corner for 20 minutes, but she was gone for over an hour and a half, and when I looked at the clock, I was like, Holy shit," he says. "I started to panic and thought, What happens if my dog has been hit by a car? I didn't have Amy's phone number or anything to go by."
Eventually, Winehouse and the dog came back. Four days later, she returned with a dog toy. This kind of impulsiveness wasn't out of the ordinary, says Hate, and nor was the thoughtfulness behind her gestures.
In July, it'll be six years since Amy Winehouse's death. She passed at 27, the subject of brutal treatment from tabloids while battling addiction and bulimia. Her brother, Alex, is among those who believe it was the latter that killed her, rather than the alcohol.
Amy Winehouse and Henry Hate
Whenever someone as iconic as Winehouse dies, his or her death is always followed by multiple depictions of his or her life, in print and on film. Perhaps the most useful of these in Winehouse's case was Asif Kapadia's 2015 documentary Amy, which helped correct the narrative tabloids had built up around her (while, admittedly, narrativizing the final days of her life heavily).
Now, the Jewish Museum London has reopened its exhibition Amy Winehouse: A Family Portrait to add another, more personal layer to Winehouse's story. The exhibition was co-curated with Winehouse's brother, Alex, and sister-in-law, Riva. Hate gifted the exhibition the original photo used for Winehouse's pinup girl tattoo and the drawing he did as a template.
Sitting back in Hate's chair to get tattooed by him, surrounded by crucifixes and knifes, he tells me about the first day they met. It was—as ever with Winehouse, apparently—energetic and unplanned. "She said, 'I want a tattoo right now,' after ripping pages out of a pinup book in reception," he says, tattoo gun poised. "It was about three minutes in when I realized who it was. She was about 30 or 40 pounds lighter and a foot shorter than I'd imagined from that va, va, vroom voice. I rang my boyfriend to tell him I was going to be home a bit late. She was very specific about what she wanted. She wanted it to look already old and used the words 'Sophia Loren' and 'silver-screen goddess.' She said what I did originally was too perfect, so I had to redo it."
The author being tattooed by Hate in his studio
Hate has a back catalog of Winehouse's stories, and he's willing to share them, considering he knows that's why I'm here: to spend time thinking about the "real" Winehouse, however superficial that act might inevitably be. Their relationship, I had forgotten, went deeper than just tattooist and client. In 2009, the Sun ran a cover story on Hate, disclosing private information without his consent. No longer was it just Amy Winehouse who was hot property for bulldozing; now her tattoo artist and friend was too. At the time, Winehouse was in St. Lucia, on the prolonged holiday that family hoped would help rehabilitate her.
Hate's distress at recounting the way the Sun's behavior affected him makes it uncomfortably clear what that same treatment would have done to anyone if repeated daily, weekly, monthly; when every time you tripped up, strangers would use the opportunity to push you down a hill. "When you have things flung at you like she had, you don't know how to handle it," Hate says. "A very specific part of me was taken without my asking. Winehouse rang from St. Lucia when the paper went out—she didn't have to call. She told me not to worry and that everything would be fine. I never forgot that."
A photo of Amy Winehouse from the exhibition
I take the opportunity to ask Hate what he thinks of the exhibition, guessing he'll be honest about these ongoing efforts to memorialize Winehouse.
"I do think it's good, because it brings more people to her small, incredible body of work, which speaks for itself," he says. "How can that voice come out of a tiny Jewish girl? It's an anomaly. It's a three-headed snake driving a tricycle: just something you have to stop and look at. She gave people a perspective into the human condition through her lyrics and music, and connection is a very healing facet to human nature. If the exhibition brings insight into that, then hopefully they will stop looking at a caricature and start looking at a living, breathing human girl."
Hate calling the public perception of Winehouse "a caricature" is apt. With her beehive and tattoos and striking features, she unintentionally invited people to see her as a larger-than-life character—more than a "human girl." This false reality has cemented itself after her death.
A few days later, I head to Winehouse's spiritual home, Camden. Alongside the opening of the Jewish Museum exhibition is a new Winehouse street-art trail. The idea is to walk her old neighborhood to experience some part the life she lived. The concept is pleasant enough: Winehouse loved Camden like she loved all of London—ferociously—and was regularly spotted in local pubs and bars. For tourists who want to explore Camden while paying homage to its patron saint, the trail is ideal. But because I don't like most street art aesthetically, I didn't enjoy the wall pieces as memorials. Each mural is understandably bright and garish to reflect and celebrate the subject, shunning doom and gloom. Some were fun, I thought, but others made me wonder whether she'd laugh at seeing herself painted in clashing hues across the wall outside of a bar. As with any sort of memorial, those "what would 'x' think?" questions hang in the air.
A piece of the street art. Photo by author
The trail ends inside the museum, and the final pieces of work by street artist Pegasus sit just inside the entrance. As soon as you come up the stairs to the exhibition, you're confronted with a life-size photograph of Winehouse. It's enough to give you a lump in your throat—partially because you do a double take when you realize she's stood right there, and partially because it's a rarely seen photograph of her, which works to immediately take her out of preconceived contexts.
The fact the exhibition was co-curated by Winehouse's brother provides a refreshing insight. There are the books both Winehouse's mom and dad have written, but siblings love and hate each other more than anyone else ever could. Siblings understand each other on an almost psychic level, with a dear closeness and a cynical distance; they're of the same generation and understand the nuances of a family dynamic from the same perspective. They're you but not you.
Winehouse's outfits. Photo courtesy of the Jewish Museum
Alex's commentary shows us Winehouse, the person. There's a folded school sweatshirt, the kind every British kid once pulled on, with the same plain name tag sewn into the neck: Amy Winehouse. It's strange to see that name stripped of celebrity; here, it's just the name of a little girl. Strange that there was a time when it meant nothing more than that.
In the photos of her childhood, she has an energy that pulls her into focus. There's one image of her at 11—a primary school photograph—where everyone is smiling and posing nicely for the camera, while Winehouse, in the center of the frame, leans forward with her legs spread, like she's challenging the lens.
Winehouse at school. Photo by author
Her tiny outfits, hanging on a rail, are cinched in at the waist, hugging a frame no longer there. Parts of her record collection are annotated by her brother, telling you what the siblings used to listen to together. There are copies of the books she loved. Snapshots of her upbringing. It still feels worth learning about her in these ways, and it makes sense to do it now, with people who were close to her still around to share.
"Amy was so charitable and so kind," Hate says of the exhibition. "I would like to think she is looking down, thinking, 'I would want this to happen.' With this next exhibition, they wanted to show a second chapter, going deeper than those preconceived ideas of what she was like. But also, because she is gone, there will always be this kind of ghost in the room at these things."
There's a lot that feels like loss in that room, but my favorite revelation from the exhibition is that she liked those terrible, vintage-style magnets with the lightly crude jokes you find printed on Hallmark cards, declaring love for Prozac and a glass of wine. She had the same "better than to have loved and lost than to stay with a psycho for the rest of your life" one that my mom has on her fridge. You can buy them all over Camden market. At the risk of imposing another false narrative on who she was, it's nice to imagine Amy Winehouse walking past the stalls, laughing when one took her fancy.
Amy Winehouse: A Family Portrait is running at the Jewish Museum, London, from March 16 to September 24, 2017.
Follow Hannah Ewens on Twitter.
henry hate
Amy Winehouse: A Family Portrait
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1626
|
__label__wiki
| 0.821532
| 0.821532
|
Justin Trudeau vows 'big’ infrastructure announcements coming soon: Paul Wells
By Paul WellsNational Affairs
Thu., June 9, 2016timer3 min. read
The Trudeau Interview, third in a five-part series
The federal government plans “big announcements in coming weeks,” in Toronto and elsewhere, to put infrastructure money to work in time for the summer construction season, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau says.
Trudeau made the promise in an interview at his Centre Block office as he discussed the intricacies of rebuilding a working relationship between the federal government, the provinces and municipalities.
Ontario spent a decade “having to defend against a federal government” — Stephen Harper’s Conservatives — “that didn’t understand Ontario and didn’t particularly care about it, except around election time to make sure that they won seats,” Trudeau said. “That’s completely changed. We need to work together on a broad range of issues. Infrastructure’s one of them.”
Trudeau offered no details. Senior federal and provincial government sources said the exact list of projects that will receive new federal funding is still being discussed among governments. But the potential is enormous: in their 2016 budget the Trudeau Liberals roughly doubled their predecessors’ infrastructure budget, to $125 billion over 10 years. Much of that spending will go toward mega-projects in later years, but $11.9 billion was earmarked for the nearer term, the first two to five years.
Trudeau said he is working on a wholesale change in relations among levels of government in Canada, after several years when Harper met rarely with the provincial premiers and preferred not to deal directly with municipal governments. Now Toronto mayor John Tory, Ontario Premier Kathleen Wynne and Trudeau are in close consultation on major projects.
Infrastructure is only one file that’s seeing closer collaboration between Ottawa and other levels of government, Trudeau said. Pension reform is another.
Harper rejected Wynne’s plan to supplement the Canada Pension Plan with her own Ontario Retirement Pension Plan, calling it a tax grab. Trudeau wants to work with all provinces to “strengthen” the CPP, and Wynne has delayed the implementation of her plan so governments can co-ordinate. Working together is “taking a little bit of adjustment,” Trudeau said, but he promised “significant headway in the coming months.”
When he handed out cabinet assignments last November, Trudeau kept a couple for himself. He is the government’s designated minister for youth — and for intergovernmental affairs. The other big federal-provincial issue on his desk is climate change.
Trudeau and the premiers agreed before Christmas that carbon pricing must be part of the solution to meeting aggressive carbon-reduction targets. Well, the targets aren’t that aggressive — Trudeau inherited them from Harper — but any measures to actually meet them would have to be. Trudeau is in no mood to limit provinces’ options on this score.
“We actually believe that different provinces have different models that work best for them,” he said. “And as long as we’re driving the emissions down, as long as they’re putting forward things that work, that’s fine.”
Vancouver Mayor Gregor Robertson, a frequent Trudeau ally, was in Ottawa this week to argue against Kinder Morgan’s Trans Mountain pipeline project because it would increase tanker traffic out of the Port of Vancouver. Calgary Mayor Naheed Nenshi, a frequent Trudeau ally, called Robertson’s critique of Trans Mountain “really overblown.”
Given the kind of year Alberta has been having, would Trudeau rather get a pipeline built, to show the federal government can sometimes make a decision Albertans like?
He didn’t like the question. “If we’re going to get a pipeline approved and resources to market, it’s not about symbols or demonstrating collaboration, it’s because it’s something that needs to happen and should be happening in the right way,” he said.
“The only way to build pipelines, eventually, will be to have Canadians understand that we’re both protecting the environment and building a strong economy at the same time. That’s why we’ve refreshed and renewed the process, that’s why we’re listening to broader voices, that’s why we’re building relationships with indigenous Canadians, with communities, with scientists — so we can fulfill one of the fundamental responsibilities of any prime minister in Canada, which is to get our resources to market. But in the 21st century, it’s get them to market in sustainable, responsible ways.”
Justin Trudeau, Alberta
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1628
|
__label__wiki
| 0.830686
| 0.830686
|
Canada set to begin collecting data on travellers leaving country
By Nicholas KeungImmigration Reporter
Tues., March 19, 2019timer5 min. read
Ottawa will soon start collecting data on every person leaving Canada by land and air in a bid to identify and track anyone from potential terrorists to snowbirds who lie about their residency to claim government benefits.
The new measures, expected to take effect later this year, aim to strengthen border security, enforce residency requirements for permanent residents and pinpoint those who fail to leave the country as required.
It is not known how many visitors who’ve overstayed their welcome, failed asylum seekers and criminals the new “exit” system will catch, but both Employment and Social Development Canada and the Canada Revenue Agency, which will have access to the data, are expected to nab many Canadians who are outside of the country and ineligible to receive further benefit payments.
The estimated savings for the government in employment insurance and old age security over 10 years could add up to $206 million, plus another $151 million in family and child tax credits and other benefits, according to an analysis of the proposed changes to the Customs Act published Saturday.
The Canadian Snowbird Association has been following the exit control changes closely and warns its 100,000 members against breaking U.S. immigration law by overstaying beyond the six-month limit and risking the loss of their federal benefits such as old age security and guaranteed income supplements.
“The move between the U.S. and Canada is inevitable and we are reminding our members to be mindful of the limitation on their time travelling abroad,” said Evan Rachkovsky, the association’s spokesperson.
Heading south for the winter? Here are some tax pitfalls to watch for
Data exchange with U.S. fuelling Canadian visa scrutiny
Canada Border Services Agency does not currently collect exit information from commercial air carriers on travellers and only has access to U.S. records of foreign nationals and Canadian permanent residents arriving from Canada at land ports of entry.
The new reporting scheme — a final phase of what’s known as the “Entry/Exit Initiative,” similar to programs in Australia, New Zealand and parts of Europe — will allow Canadian officials to track the 97 per cent of all outbound travellers who leave the country by land and air. The effort will ultimately be expanded to travel by rail and sea. Officials will start collecting land exit data this summer, followed by air-travel data within 12 months.
“The government cannot easily determine who is inside or outside the country at any given time, which adversely impacts Canada’s ability to manage the border and support pressing and substantial public policy objectives related to national security, law enforcement and federal program integrity,” the border agency said in its 35-page report published in the Canada Gazette.
“By implementing a new regulatory framework that prescribes the source, time, manner and circumstance related to the collection of information, the CBSA would have access to reliable, timely and accurate information that could be effectively safeguarded and managed.”
Immigration policy analyst and lawyer Richard Kurland said this marks a shift to a “continuum tracking” system, where people’s movements are going to be monitored by the government.
“People do not know, generally, that by consenting to Canada, they also consent to having their personal information donated to other countries, such as the U.S.A., due to the many information-sharing agreements between Canada and other countries,” said Kurland.
“Canadians cannot fix information that goes to other countries, and it is a real issue. You may be wrongly netted by the system. Mistakes are going to happen, and there is no oversight, monitoring, or control over the system.”
Right now, commercial air carriers are required to provide Canadian border officials with advance information that identifies air travellers and flight crew arriving on international flights. Officials rely on passengers to provide the information on customs declaration cards or electronically via the primary inspection kiosk, with travellers self-declaring the date they originally left Canada.
The proposed exit control measures will operate similarly with Canadian officials collecting basic biographic information — name, nationality, date of birth, gender and time and place of departure — from airlines on all passengers leaving Canada, in the form of electronic passenger manifests.
Canada already receives information from the U.S. on departures of foreign nationals and permanent residents at land ports of entry. The new rules will expand to include records of Canadian citizens entering the U.S. by land.
The federal auditor general’s office has in the past highlighted a number of security concerns stemming from the absence of reliable exit data, the border agency report says.
“In recent years, the Government of Canada has seen a number of individuals travelling to foreign destinations to engage in terrorist activities,” the report says.
“These individuals often pose a danger to countries in which they operate and may become a direct threat to Canadians upon their return to Canada through acquiring combat experience and training and potentially establishing terrorist networks and recruitment capabilities,” the report adds.
Ottawa said the exit data will help officials:
Identify outbound movement of known high-risk travellers;
Track visitors who overstay their visa and remain in Canada illegally;
Verify travel dates to assess applicable duties, tax exemptions and benefits for returning residents;
And check if permanent residents returning to Canada have fulfilled their physical residence requirement to maintain their status or qualify for citizenship.
Data collection on air travellers is expected to take longer to implement because it requires commercial air carriers to register, test and certify that they meet the government-specific IT requirements. The whole scheme is expected to cost about $110 million, with almost $80 million assumed by the federal government and the rest by the commercial air industry. Airlines failing to provide the information will face fines.
Once fully implemented, personal information collected under the Entry/Exit Initiative will be retained for up to 15 years, after which it will be purged — unless it is otherwise required to be retained under Canadian law.
Meghan McDermott, a staff counsel of the B.C. Civil Liberties Association, said Canadians should be concerned about the sharing of the personal data among government agencies and with foreign partners. “It’s a vast new collection of data … I don’t know what recourse we have and where to go,” when inaccurate personal information has to be corrected, she said.
Both the Office of the Privacy Commissioner and the Security Intelligence Review Committee must constantly monitor the program and provide independent oversight to prevent abuse and breach of privacy and civil liberties, McDermott said.
Changes to the Customs Act received royal assent in December. The public has until mid-April to submit feedback.
Nicholas Keung is a Toronto-based reporter covering immigration. Follow him on Twitter: @nkeung
Canada Border Services Agency
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1629
|
__label__wiki
| 0.872876
| 0.872876
|
Security tight in New York City ahead of Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade
By Colleen LongThe Associated Press
Wed., Nov. 22, 2017timer3 min. read
NEW YORK — Sand-filled sanitation trucks and police sharpshooters will mix with glittering floats and giant balloons at a Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade that comes in a year of terrible mass shootings and not even a month after a deadly truck attack in lower Manhattan.
New York City’s mayor and police brass have repeatedly stressed that layers of security, along with hundreds of officers, will be in place for one of the nation’s biggest outdoor holiday gatherings, and that visitors should not be deterred.
“We had a couple of tough months as a nation,” Police Commissioner James O’Neill said. “We won’t ever accept such acts of hate and cowardice as inevitable in our society.”
A posting last year in an English-language magazine of Daesh, also known as ISIS, which took credit for the Oct. 31 truck attack that killed eight people, mentioned the Thanksgiving parade as “an excellent target.” Authorities say there is no confirmation of a credible threat.
“I want to assure the people that we swore to protect that anytime something happens anywhere in the world, the NYPD works with our law enforcement partners and studies it and we learn from it and it informs our decision making going forward,” O’Neill said.
This year’s security plan includes dozens of city sanitation trucks, which weigh about 16 tons empty and up to twice that with sand, that will be lined up as imposing barriers to traffic at every cross street along the 2 ½-mile parade route stretching from Central Park to Macy’s flagship store on 34th Street.
In addition, officers with assault weapons and portable radiation detectors will walk among the crowds, and sharpshooters on rooftops will scan building windows and balconies for anything unusual.
Mayor Bill de Blasio said Wednesday that security at the parade increases every year “because we understand we are dealing with a very challenging world.” He told crowds gathered to watch the parade’s giant balloons being inflated that “the amount of resources and personnel we put in has increased each year to make us safer.”
New York officials also are asking the tens of thousands of spectators to be alert for anything suspicious.
“There will be a cop on every block,” said NYPD Chief of Patrol Terence Monahan. “Go to that cop and say something.”
The 91st annual parade begins at 9 a.m. and will be broadcast live on NBC. Smokey Robinson, Jimmy Fallon, The Roots, Flo Rida and Wyclef Jean will be among the stars celebrating, along with performances from the casts of Broadway’s Anastasia, Dear Evan Hansen and SpongeBob SquarePants.
New balloons added this year include Dr. Seuss’ Grinch, Olaf from the smash movie Frozen, and a puppy called Chase from Nickelodeon’s Paw Patrol.
Beyond the pageantry, police say they have been working on security for the parade since the moment last year’s parade ended. It’s a plan that got renewed attention after a terror attack in lower Manhattan Oct. 31, when a man in a rented truck barrelled onto a crowded bike path near the World Trade Center, killing eight people.
Authorities said the 29-year-old suspect operated from a playbook put out by Daesh. Sayfullo Saipov, an Uzbek immigrant, was charged with federal terrorism offences that could qualify him for the death penalty. According to a criminal complaint, he made statements about his allegiance to the Islamic State group.
Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade balloon inflation night offers spectators the chance to see the giant balloons being inflated ahead of Thursday's Parade. (The Associated Press)
Police also are mindful of the Oct. 1 mass shooting in Las Vegas in which a high-stakes gambler and real estate investor unleashed gunfire on country music concert-goers, killing 58 and leaving hundreds injured.
The first major New York event since the bike path attack — the New York marathon, which drew tens of thousands of spectators and 50,000 runners from around the world — went off with no problems.
“We said right away New York’s response is to remain strong and resilient,” de Blasio said. “We do not back down in the face of terror threats. The city is filled with resolve.”
Daesh, Bill De Blasio, Islamic State
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1630
|
__label__wiki
| 0.841564
| 0.841564
|
Local sex offender sentenced for battering child
A Dunkirk sex offender has been sentenced to three years in prison for battering a five-year-old boy.
Local sex offender sentenced for battering child A Dunkirk sex offender has been sentenced to three years in prison for battering a five-year-old boy. Check out this story on thestarpress.com: https://tspne.ws/2wY4lub
Douglas Walker, Muncie Star Press Published 9:30 a.m. ET Sept. 9, 2018
Anthony Orr(Photo: Photo provided)
HARTFORD CITY, Ind. – A Dunkirk sex offender has been sentenced to three years in prison for battering a five-year-old boy.
Anthony T. Orr, 26, had pleaded guilty to battery resulting in bodily injury to a person under the age of 14, a Level 5 felony carrying up to six years in prison.
Blackford Circuit Court Judge Dean Young last week imposed a six-year sentence – three years in prison, followed by three years on probation.
Under the terms of a plea agreement, two other charges – criminal confinement and failure to register as a sex or violent offender – were dismissed.
EARLIER COVERAGE:
►Deputies: Sex offender battered 5-year-old boy
►Twice-convicted sex offender set free
Orr had been accused of battering the child, who had been left in his care, in February, 10 days after the Dunkirk man had been most recently been released from custody.
The boy’s abuse was not sexual in nature, investigators said. The child had facial bruising and a cut lip as a result of being struck by Orr, also accused of locking the child in a closet.
The victim and an older sibling told authorities Orr had also struck the younger child in the stomach and threw him down.
In January 2013, Orr – formerly of Hartford City – was sentenced to four years in prison after he pleaded guilty to sexual misconduct with a minor. In that case, he had been accused of fondling a 13-year-old girl.
More than two years later, in July 2015, he was charged with 10 counts of child molesting, based on allegations he had repeatedly sexually assaulted a girl in 2010 and 2011, when the accuser was less than seven years old.
A Blackford Circuit Court jury in June 2016 found Orr guilty of one of the 10 charges, and he later drew a 10-year prison term from Judge Young.
A year later, however, the Indiana Court of Appeals overturned the molesting conviction, over an issue concerning the judge’s final instructions to jurors before they deliberated.
Last February, Orr pleaded guilty to a reduced count of sexual battery in that case. He received a 30-month sentence, but with credit for time served was eligible for release.
Read or Share this story: https://tspne.ws/2wY4lub
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1631
|
__label__wiki
| 0.941712
| 0.941712
|
Premiers agree to push pharmacare
Andrea Gunn (agunn@herald.ca)
Published: Jul 11 at 10:04 p.m.
Premier Dwight Ball. - SaltWire file photo
SASKATOON, Sask. —
Council of the Federation meetings in Saskatoon, Sask., wrapped up Thursday with a unified message on pharmacare.
Newfoundland and Labrador Premier Dwight Ball, who led the discussion on pharmacare, told SaltWire that all provinces reaffirmed their shared commitment to a national pharmacare plan.
“There was a consensus among all 13 premiers to press the federal government, and to make this an election issue and priority going into the fall federal election,” Ball said.
Ball said the premiers discussed the struggle many Canadians face to afford medication, and how coverage can vary between provinces.
“We're the only country in the G7 that doesn’t have a national pharmacare program. … It’s about affordability, it's about accessibility and it’s about making sure we have (equality) across the country.”
Speaking with SaltWire, Nova Scotia Premier Stephen McNeil said the premiers also discussed health-care delivery and agreed Ottawa needs to take a more active role in health-care funding.
“If you go back and look, at one point the federal government covered about 25 per cent of the health-care costs in our provinces, and in many jurisdictions, it’s now below 20 and as low as 18,” McNeil said. “We believe the federal government needs to enhance its investment.”
P.E.I. Premier Dennis King said one of the major products of this week’s meeting was a commitment by all premiers to lead a national mental-health and addictions symposium in the coming year.
“Northern premiers have been leading a discussion for the council based around improving how provinces deliver mental health and addictions,” King said. “In order to give this the seriousness that it needs to get and the attention it needs to get, we thought that the premiers could lead a national symposium bringing not just the provinces but all of the players in the industry to develop a real comprehensive strategy going forward for how we deal with mental health and addictions that impact every community.”
Details of the symposium have yet to be determined, but it’s likely to be held in Ottawa.
As it was his first Council of the Federation meeting, King said it was important to underline P.E.I.’s commitment to aggressive climate change targets.
“P.E.I. has chosen not to fight like some of the other provinces, but to embrace the low carbon program that has been put forward by the federal government with the hopes of trying to do what everyone wants us to do in P.E.I., which is reduce carbon,” he said.
The four Atlantic premiers also met as a group, where they recommitted to strengthening the energy corridor in the region, McNeil said.
“In our system right now there are bottlenecks where we can’t bring energy in or get it out. For example, there’s a bottleneck both at the New Brunswick and Quebec border, there’s one at the Nova Scotia and New Brunswick border,” McNeil said. “We want to be able to open that up so that we can bring in Newfoundland and Labrador hydro and send it out into New Brunswick and other parts of Atlantic Canada and beyond … which allows us to continue to reduce our carbon footprint in the region.”
Despite the fact that the region’s premiers recently went from four Liberal to two Tory and two Liberal governments, McNeil said there’s been no major change in dynamic with how the four provinces work together.
“Many of our problems are the same: aging population, health-care costs, decaying infrastructure, economic development and how do we turn the demographic change around,” he said. “Those are all things that, regardless of if you’re a Conservative or Liberal or NDP or Green in Atlantic Canada, you know we have to deal with.”
One change that raised concerns from Ball, however, was the lack of female representation at the table.
“It’s very obvious when you step in the room you've got 13 male premiers and when I joined the table just over three years ago we had three very strong female voices,” Ball said.
“I think that’s a loss not just for the Council of the Federation, but for Canadians in general. We need strong women in leadership roles within our provinces.”
There were no federal officials or federal party leaders at this week’s meetings, but McNeil said the provinces have agreed to jointly contact all leaders and ask where they stand on certain important issues to the provinces, such as health care, economic development and national pharmacare, and what their version of the federation looks like.
agunn@herald.ca
@notandrea
Accused man and woman won't stay away from each other, police allege
Published 5 hours ago
The Muskrat Falls Inquiry (Phase III)
Published 14 hours ago
Street art slows motorists in St. John's neighbourhood
UPDATE: RNC locate missing teenage girl in St. John’s
Nalcor executives got big bonuses in 2018
Moose-vehicle collision delays traffic in Mount Pearl
Rash of moose-vehicle collisions Thursday keep emergency personnel busy
Published 1 hour ago
Serial burglar denied bail in St. John's court
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1632
|
__label__wiki
| 0.941681
| 0.941681
|
Judi Dench, Harvey Weinstein to Collaborate for 10th Time on ‘Tulip Fever’
The British actress joins fellow Oscar winner Christoph Waltz in Justin Chadwick’s drama
Jeff Sneider | June 5, 2014 @ 1:54 PM Last Updated: August 4, 2014 @ 9:28 AM
Oscar winner Judi Dench, “Glee” star Matthew Morrison, model Cara Delevingne and Cressida Bonas have joined the cast of Justin Chadwick‘s drama “Tulip Fever,” it was announced Thursday by the Weinstein Company.
The film stars Dane DeHaan, Alicia Vikander, Jack O’Connell, Holliday Grainger, Christoph Waltz and Zach Galifanakis.
Dench will play The Abbess of St. Ursula’s, a rescuer of orphan children, while Morrison will play drunken bohemian artist Mattheus. Delevingne (“Anna Karenina”) and Bonas have been cast as artists’ model Annetje and Mrs. Steen, respectively.
Screenwriter Tom Stoppard (“Shakespeare in Love”) adapted Deborah Moggach’s popular romance novel of the same name. Ruby Films’ Alison Owen (“Saving Mr. Banks”) is producing the project.
Set in 17th century Amsterdam, “Tulip Fever” follows a married woman (Vikander) who begins a passionate affair with an artist hired to paint her portrait. The lovers gamble on the booming market for tulip bulbs as a way to raise money to run away together.
“I’m unbelievably proud to say that ‘Tulip Fever’ will be the tenth film we’ve collaborated on with my friend Dame Judi Dench, whom I consider one of the most talented actresses of our time. It’s a thrill to have her, Matthew, Cara and Cressida joining the fantastic cast that’s been assembled,” said TWC co-chairman Harvey Weinstein.
Deal Central gives you the latest on Hollywood casting, script buys, greenlights and negotiations in the entertainment industry.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1633
|
__label__wiki
| 0.958645
| 0.958645
|
Martin Landau’s 9 Most Memorable Performances, From ‘North by Northwest’ to ‘Ed Wood’ (Photos)
Oscar-winning actor died Saturday at age 89
Thom Geier | July 16, 2017 @ 7:23 PM Last Updated: July 16, 2017 @ 8:06 PM
"North by Northwest" (1959) Landau had his breakout role as the right-hand man of James Mason's villainous spy in the classic Alfred Hitchcock thriller.
"Cleopatra" (1963) He has a sizable role as Rufio, the last Roman still loyal to Richard Burton's Antony in this bloated swords-and-sandals epic.
"Mission: Impossible" (1966-69) He played the master of disguise Rollin Hand for all three seasons of the hit TV series that later spawned Tom Cruise's movie franchise.
"Tucker: The Man and His Dream" (1988) He earned his first Oscar nomination playing the New York fiancier who backs Jeff Bridges on his quixotic quest to take on Detroit and build his own better automobile.
"Crimes and Misdemeanors" (1989) One year later, Landau earned his second Oscar nomination in Woody Allen's drama playing an ophthalmologist whose mistress threatens exposing both their affair and his financial shenanigans.
"Ed Wood" (1994) Landau won an Oscar for his turn as Bela Lugosi to Johnny Depp's Ed Wood in Tim Burton's fact-based biopic.
The Academy Awards (1995) Accepting his Best Supporting Actor for "Ed Wood," Landau became visibly upset when the orchestra attempted to cut off his acceptance speech. "No," he shouted, pounding the podium -- in a memorable display of genuine emotion.
"Without a Trace" (2002-09) Landau had a recurring role as the Alzheimer's-suffering father of Anthony LaPaglia's FBI agent -- a role for which he received a Primetime Emmy nomination.
"Frankenweenie" (2012) In Tim Burton's black-and-white stop-motion animated feature, Landau voices the science teacher who inspires young Victor Frankenstein to ever more outrageous experiments with regenerating life.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1634
|
__label__wiki
| 0.910196
| 0.910196
|
Panel: UN's Response to Peacekeeper Abuses in CAR 'Seriously Flawed'
2446332_1551186153 video player.
UNITED NATIONS - An independent review panel has found that the way the United Nations handled allegations of sexual abuse by peacekeepers in the Central African Republic was “seriously flawed” and a “gross institutional failure.”
The three-member panel, headed by Canadian Judge Marie Deschamps, handed over its more than 100-page report Thursday to U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who made it public.
“While I may not agree with every assertion in the report, I accept its broad findings,” Ban said in a statement.
He said the report depicts a United Nations that “failed to respond meaningfully when faced with information about reprehensible crimes against vulnerable children.”
FILE - Former Canada Supreme Court Justice Marie D
FILE - Former Canada Supreme Court Justice Marie Deschamps speaks in Ottawa, April 30, 2015. Deschamps headed a three-member panel that found a U.N. probe of allegations of sexual abuse by peacekeepers in CAR was “seriously flawed."
“I express my profound regret that these children were betrayed by the very people sent to protect them,” Ban said. “Sexual exploitation and abuse of power has no place in the United Nations or in the world of dignity for all that we are striving to build.”
The report assesses U.N. action -- and inaction -- in the spring of 2014 when allegations of sexual abuse of children by peacekeepers came to light.
Most of the accused were French forces serving with a force outside of U.N. control, but the panel said “regardless of whether the peacekeepers were acting under direct U.N. command or not, victims must be made the priority.”
Breakdown in leadership
The panel criticized Babacar Gaye, the head of the U.N. mission in C.A.R. when the allegations surfaced, for failing to take serious steps to end the abuses or report them to senior U.N. officials.
The secretary-general dismissed Gaye in August.
The report strongly criticized the head of the human rights and justice section of the mission for "abuse of authority," for not protecting children at risk and for encouraging Gaye to “keep the allegations quiet.” The panel said these actions exposed children and potential other victims to repeated assaults.
General Babacar Gaye, the UN secretary-general's r
FILE - General Babacar Gaye, the U.N. secretary-general's representative to Central African Republic, speaks at the BINUCI (United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in the Central African Republic) headquarters in Bangui, Feb. 6, 2014.
Three senior U.N. officials in New York were also faulted for not following up appropriately. Only one, the Special Representative for Children in Armed Conflict Leila Zerrougui, is still in the organization.
However, the review panel said actions taken by High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra’ad al Hussein and Peacekeeping Chief Hervé Ladsous after they learned of the allegations did not constitute abuse of their authority.
A senior U.N. human rights official, Anders Kompass, was temporarily suspended for bringing the allegations to the attention of French officials. The review panel cleared him of any wrongdoing. Kompass helped to make the allegations public.
U.N. officials are quick to note that the organization has a policy of “zero tolerance” for sexual abuse and exploitation by staff or peacekeepers, but continued allegations in the C.A.R. mission over the past year expose the flaws in implementing this policy.
One difficulty is accountability. The U.N. lacks the authority to prosecute international soldiers and police accused of abuses while under its command.
Map of Central African Republic
It can send a peacekeeper back to his or her home country, but then it is up to that government to prosecute or discipline the individual. Sometimes justice is never pursued.
In its recommendations, the review panel said such a process is “ineffective and inadequate.”
It suggested the organization consider adopting the model followed by NATO, which in some cases allows a host country to prosecute when the alleged perpetrator’s government does not.
The panel also recommended that alleged abuses by peacekeepers should be seen as a form of conflict-related sexual violence, and addressed under U.N. human rights policies.
The authors also urged creation of a team of specialized investigators for future abuse allegations, and the payment of compensation enabling victims to receive specialized services.
Secretary-General Ban said he would urgently review the panel’s recommendations “and act without delay to ensure that systemic issues, fragmentation and other problems are fully addressed.”
But he noted that some of these recommendations would require the involvement and approval of member states.
Margaret Besheer
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1638
|
__label__wiki
| 0.992045
| 0.992045
|
musicals Updated July 17, 2019
Andrew Lloyd Webber Says His Cinderella Musical Is Coming to Broadway
By Jackson McHenry@McHenryJD
As we all collectively brace for the release of the Cats trailer this Friday, Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber did an appearance on Good Morning Britain where he brought up another big project he happens to be working on: a new musical version of Cinderella, which he claimed is coming to Broadway next year. The moment occurs around the 3:14 mark in the video above, and Lloyd Webber doesn’t mention any specific timing or theater. His representatives told Vulture they couldn’t confirm anything.
Andrew Lloyd Webber’s new version of the musical was previously announced in The Hollywood Reporter, which noted that the prolific composer is working with Tom MacRae (who wrote the book and lyrics to Everybody’s Talking About Jamie, a musical about a gay schoolboy playing on the West End) and Emerald Fennell (who’s taking over as the lead writer of Killing Eve in season two, and also playing Camilla on The Crown). “They have remade Cinderella into a completely modern, feisty girl,” he told THR, in which, apparently, the story won’t be fully set in either a traditional fairy tale or contemporary world. Of course, Richard Rodgers, the first person to EGOT, already wrote a musical adaptation of the Cinderella myth with Oscar Hammerstein II as a live TV musical starring Julie Andrews (their work was also used in Brandy and Whitney Houston’s TV movie, and it eventually came to Broadway). Plus, Disney has made and Lily James–ified its own versions of Cinderella. So, no pressure.
Tim Rice, Andrew Lloyd Webber, and John Legend EGOT at 2018 Creative Arts Emmys
Andrew Lloyd Webber Says His Cinderella Is Going to Broadway
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1639
|
__label__cc
| 0.74858
| 0.25142
|
Home Education Middle Schoolers Are E-Mentoring Elementary Students Using Video Conferencing
Middle Schoolers Are E-Mentoring Elementary Students Using Video Conferencing
By Lillian C. -
When Kiser Intermediate student Jaida Thomas grows up she wants to be a teacher. Or a beautician. Or a pediatric oncologist. That’s quite a wish list for a young lady to have, and she’s already getting some first-hand experience of the first occupation on her list.
Jaida is part of a reading program that links students from her Lincoln County school with their younger peers at Battleground Elementary across town. The pair of schools connect every week by video conference to share a common reading program, which includes letting the older kids like Jaida take the educational lead.
The link is a good example of the growing trend of e-mentoring, a digital update of the traditional mentor-protégé partnership that lets the next generation of students, business people, and others learn the realities of their field from those that have gone before them.
With video conferencing removing the need for travel, e-mentoring can radically increase the number, type, and benefits of this traditional way of passing on knowledge.
E-Mentoring for Online Connections
Thousands of students have formed educational partnerships with experts and volunteers from outside their classroom via video conferencing over the past decade.
The celebrated ‘I Could Be’ program has specifically targeted middle and high school students from traditionally disadvantaged areas with an aim of reducing the number of kids who leave school before graduation. So far the program has linked almost 20,000 students with experts and everyday Americans who spend time with them online every week to discuss the student’s future after school.
I Could Be mentors can reach out to students in resource-poor areas due to the fact the cost of internet connections and video conferencing equipment has dropped within range of most schools in recent years, so much so that 75% of American students attend a school that has high-speed broadband.
That level of connectivity means students like Jaida–whose home state of North Carolina boasts fiber internet connections to 99% of its schools–can take advantage of a whole new range of online mentoring connections, both from their elders and their peers.
E-Mentoring from Young Teachers
The I Could Be program, for instance, could be expanded beyond the current 10 minutes a week formula to become a more immersive relationship in line with the e-mentoring partnerships currently thriving in the business community.
While students are generally restricted to the desktops available in class, especially the younger ones, their online mentors are potentially accessible at all times through the video calling platforms on their smartphones. They could become more rounded mentors, like their business equivalents who are available 24/7, but with less of a focus on facts and figures and more on emotional support in the form of the well-established offline Big Brother/Big Sister program.
This kind of intensive, on-call mentorship may be better suited to education professionals, and might be a good job for the students currently enrolled in teacher colleges.
Teaching students should have more time available to take impromptu video calls from their protégés than adult volunteers with full-time careers and families of their own. They have a better grasp on current teaching techniques, and the relationship would be an ideal way to hone their own talents at delivering those techniques. They’d certainly be better placed to help out with after school activities such as homework.
Building Partnerships Beyond the Classroom
Taking the e-mentor relationship beyond the classroom means making sure students have access to video conferencing equipment at home. Given the fact that an affordable, functional webcam can be bought for less than $50, however, it shouldn’t be much of a strain on the school budget to get their students video calling.
With the tech in place, mentor and mentee can meet regularly after hours to talk homework, the day’s in-classroom activities, and just discuss the world in general. This could take place between teachers-in-training and young students, or student-to-student, in the format Jaida and her friends are using.
It would rely on the school giving students access to a secure video calling platform, but there’s also an opportunity to create an online community of students from participating schools across the country. Students could be paired up into middle school and elementary school pairs so that the older kids can help the younger ones with their homework, or just act as online friends.
It’s a way to forge bonds across age groups, and an invaluable introduction to social media and the online world that will dominate the working lives of the next generation of teachers, beauticians, and pediatric oncologists.
Previous articleAmazon Chime Review 2017: A Mediocre First Impression from a Tech Giant That Should Know Better
Next article5 Signs You’re a Video Conferencing Addict: Know the Signs of Video Chat Addiction
Lillian C.
As a former teacher and full-time education writer, Lillian wants to promote technology as a way to improve education around the world. She knows that tech by itself isn’t the only answer, but that the right tech, used correctly, can bring education to people most in need.
Multi-Purpose Video Calling Tech Uses Your TV to Merge Home and Office
Small Business Allen B. - August 30, 2016
How to Live Stream on Your Own Website–and Why
What to Look for in a Video Conferencing Solution for Your Office
Vote Online with Video Conferencing Next Election and Get Out of the Polling Line
Sophia D. - November 29, 2016
Cyberlink’s YouCam 8 Is Built for Live Streaming and Video Calling Entertainment
Christopher T. - November 7, 2018
For Worn-Out New Moms, Video Conferencing Provides On-Demand Breastfeeding Support
Charlotte T. - October 11, 2016
Video Conferencing Enables Education After a Natural Disaster
In a Flipped Classroom, Video Conferencing Introduces Kids to New Ideas and Invites Collaboration
Webinars in Higher Education Are the Future for Mature Students
Click for Help: Live Video Chat Links in Online Learning Tools Give Students Instant Support
Interactive Classroom Technology Is the Start of the Virtual Visual Education
Video Conferencing Between Schools Could Fight the Effects of a Teacher Shortage
School Field Trips by Video Conference: A Cost-Effective Solution to a...
Lillian C. - August 4, 2016
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1641
|
__label__wiki
| 0.822371
| 0.822371
|
Paranoia Runs Deep | Village Voice
Paranoia Runs Deep
by James Ridgeway
WASHINGTON — Conspiracy theories have become a way of life in America, no longer limited to paranoid crazies on the political fringe. Today they are promoted by mainstream news outlets, political figures, and prominent individuals. As soon as Bill Clinton was accused of conducting an illicit relationship with Monica Lewinsky, Hillary was on the air with accusations of a right-wing plot to undermine the president. When terrorist bombs exploded at two American embassies in Africa, suggestions of a scheme by fundamentalist Muslims soon had to compete with claims that the attacks were planned by Clinton to draw attention away from his affair with Lewinsky.
In each case, the facts eventually came out. But facts usually do little to stem the tide of conspiracy theories — they have a way of taking on a life of their own. Since conspiracies are by nature secret, they are impossible to disprove: lack of press coverage or government evidence to the contrary only demonstrates that the media and the government are part of the plot.
People have always searched for the hidden hand behind historic events, but conspiracy theories have truly proliferated only in the post-Cold War era. There are no Communists left to take the blame for everything that goes wrong, yet the world seems an increasingly complex and insecure place, where currency trading in Asia can bring down the American stock market, and a semen stain can bring down a presidency.
Today, inexplicable tragedies or negative turns in world events tend to be attributed to one of a vast array of hidden and sinister forces: Maybe they’re the work of the international Jewish conspiracy, the focus of the most enduring of all these theories. Perhaps it’s the drug lords who operate through Clinton’s “Dixie Mafia” from their secret headquarters on an airstrip in Mena, Arkansas. It might be the “Power Elite,” the Big Business clique that works under the tutelage of David Rockefeller and his evil theoretician, Henry Kissinger. And of course, it could be aliens—but we don’t know for sure, since the government has long conspired to hide all evidence of extraterrestrial visitations.
Government cover-ups, in fact, seem to figure in just about all conspiracy theories. “A random telephone survey of 800 American adults in September 1996 found that 74 percent—virtually three out of four citizens—believe that the U.S. government regularly engages in conspiratorial and clandestine operations,” writes Robert Anton Wilson, author of Everything Is Under Control: Conspiracies, Cults, and Cover-ups. During the Reagan/Bush years, it was the left that was the most vocal in describing a “shadow government”—a force seen in such scandals as Iran-Contra and BCCI. In the 1990s, however, right-wing theories of government plots exhibit the most vitality.
The worldviews of militias and other far-right extremists are often conspiracy-based, but the influence of their theories reaches well into the mainstream. In 1995, Texas congressman Steve Stockman accused the Clinton administration of staging the government raid at Waco to build support for its ban on assault weapons, while Representative Helen Chenoweth of Idaho voiced militia complaints that “black helicopters” were being used to enforce the Endangered Species Act.
Some conspiracy theories today make strange bedfellows of common adherents on the left and right, and of hard-boiled politicos and starry-eyed believers in the paranormal. And the current pop-cultural climate has served as a breeding ground for these devious notions. The X-Files and the numerous shows it has inspired combine stories of slimy aliens and modern-day werewolves with complex government schemes to cover up military research into gene splicing and biological weaponry, and the Internet offers sites catering to every possible combination of paranoid analysis.
What follows is a list of some of the world’s most enduring conspiracies, along with a few of the more popular and bizzare from among the current crop.
Author / Date of Origin: The Czar’s Secret Police/early 20th century
The Theory: One of the many versions of the Worldwide Jewish Conspiracy aimed at undermining civil society and establishing Jewish control. The Protocols posit that once every hundred years, the reigning elders of the 12 tribes of Israel gather in a Jewish cemetery in Prague and plot to enslave gentiles and take over world. Promoted in the U.S. in the ’20s and ’30s by Henry Ford and Ford car salesmen, the Protocols remain popular at gun shows, militia meetings, and other far-right gatherings.
True Believers:
The far-right racialist political movement in the U.S. and its counterparts in Europe and Australia
The Holocaust (Response: many of the same groups insist that the Holocaust is a fiction invented to win sympathy for the Jews.)
Big Business Plot to Kill JFK With the Help of Nazi Scientists
Author / Date of Origin:
William Torbitt (pseudonym)/1970
The Theory:
The John F. Kennedy assassination was set up by leaders of the military industrial complex through a cabal that includes NASA, a supersecret “Defense Industrial Security Command” run by Werner von Braun, J. Edgar Hoover’s Division Five investigative unit, and the mob. Lee Harvey Oswald was a “mind-control victim.” The plot may have been masterminded by Nazi scientists working under NASA cover at a secret site in the Nevada desert.
Kennedy assassination buffs
Just plain not enough space on the grassy knoll for all those people
Bilderbergers
Various/1954
Beginning with a meeting at the Hotel de Bilderberg in the Netherlands in 1954, the “Power Elite” have convened in a different city every year to plot the course of world history. The group includes members of the Trilateral Commission and the Council on Foreign Relations. Bill Clinton, Hillary Clinton, Katherine Graham, Henry Kissinger, George Ball, and George Stephanopolous have all attended meetings.
Spotlight, the Washington-based right-wing weekly, and many others, including former Lousiana congressman John Rarick, who read the Bilderberger “history” into the Congressional Record in 1971.
Despite a purported quarter century of meetings, none has been effectively documented (evidence, says the Spotlight, of fear on the part of the press).
Dixie Mafia
Internet Clinton watchers/1992 presidential election campaign
A network of individuals surrounding Bill Clinton conspired to advance the international drug business. Operating out of headquarters in Mena, Arkansas, it involved narcotics trafficker Barry Seal, and its doings led to the death of Vince Foster as well as the mysterious deaths of over 30 others who either learned of the plot or got caught in it by mistake. According to one version, Clinton himself was nurtured by the CIA as an informant during his student days in England.
Clinton bashers
Exhaustive investigations show Foster’s death to be a suicide, and even Ken Starr seems to have found no evidence to back this theory.
British Imperialists/the 19th century
Only Aryan men, who can trace their heritage back through the Lost Tribes of Israel to the Garden of Eden, can claim to be true inheritors of God’s world on earth. And as such, they are the only true citizens of the United States. According to the theory’s adherents, people of color aren’t really human, just a bad carbon copy, and Jews are “mud people”—descendants of Eve’s union with the serpent.
Even most Christian scholars locate the Garden of Eden in Tanzania, which would mean black people are the direct descendants of Adam.
French cleric Abbe Barruel/1797
Members of this secret society (pockets of which existed in reality) believe in achieving “illumination” through the study of rational philosophy and the humanities. They are supposed to have maintained a secret power cabal that, among other things, launched the French Revolution.
The Catholic Church, which condemned the society in the 18th century; Adolph Hitler, who outlawed it in the 1930s; and various far-right groups today
Does it seem like rational humanists are running the world?
Oklahoma City Bombing
J. D. Cash, Kristen and Glenn Wilburn/April 19, 1995.
In this widely popular conspiracy advanced by Cash, a small-town Oklahoma journalist, and the Wilburns, grandparents of blast victims, the bombing occurred when a government sting on neo-Nazis went awry and the FBI failed to stop the explosion it knew would happen.
Militias, the John Birch Society, random Internet conspiracy theorists
Although there were bits of tantalizing evidence at the trial indicating a wider conspiracy behind the bombing, provable evidence of this particular scenario has never been produced.
David Rockefeller, Ultimate Powerbroker
Various/1960s
As honorary chair of both the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilateral Commission, and a principal in the Chase Manhattan Bank (and thus a power to be reckoned with at the Federal Reserve Board), David Rockefeller appears in any number of conspiracy theories as the Insider’s Insider. He’s the current head of a family that controlled 90 percent of the country’s oil in 1890, by 1930 owned substantial portions of 40,000 corporations, and today has influence across a vast array of affiliated banks, insurance companies, and industrial corporations throughout the world. Brother Nelson was governor of New York and vice president of the U.S.
This one brings in all types of adherents.
Truth be told, David does seem a little too powerful, even for a big businessman.
The Reorganization of the Federal Emergency Management Agency
Spotlight/1980s
Ronald Reagan’s National Security Directive #58 allowed the National Security Agency, then under the direction of Oliver North and Bud McFarlane, to infiltrate this otherwise seemingly innocuous government organization concerned with disaster relief and secretly reoriented its mission. Congress created a secret FEMA budget of $2.9 billion, which went into Mobile Emergency Response Support and the purchase of 300 specially equipped and nuclear-hardened vehicles located throughout the U.S. They were designed to shuttle the president and members of his cabinet around the country so they could maintain control after a nuclear strike. Money was also used for elite counterterrorism and espionage training and to compile a computer database of U.S. citizens involved in “Un-American Activities.”
Spotlight readers on the right. Reagan conspiracy devotees on the left.
FEMA can’t even deal effectively with hurricanes and floods, much less nuclear war.
The Death of Princess Di
The fringe media/September 1, 1997
Princesss Diana’s death was a “hit” ordered by the Royal Family out of fear that her companion, Dodi Fayed (an Arab), would wield undue influence on the future King of England, Prince William. The theory has seemingly been confirmed by Mummar al-Qaddafi of Libya, who said, “Britain is the vilest of countries” for “executing an Arab citizen who wanted to marry an English princess.” Related theories: “strange lights” seen at the time of the crash presage a UFO connection to be revealed in the future. The Princess’s opposition to land mines led to retaliation by arms merchants. The deaths were faked to allow the couple to escape.
Distraught Diana-maniacs, egged on by radio talk-show hosts.
The theory overestimates the organizational skill of the Royal Family.
Robert Welch/1958
In this update of the Illuminati, a small group of Insiders (who are not necessarily seeking illumination) works behind the scenes to gain power by manipulating just about everybody, including the Communists (Lenin and Trotsky were dupes), anarchists, socialists, and various opportunistic politicians. According to Welch, President Eisenhower was a pawn in the game, and even a card-carrying Communist. Welch, however, is less clear about how the Insiders came to have such power.
John Birch-ers
Welch was never even able to say who the Insiders were.
Bo Gritz and friends/1980
Gritz, a leader of the far-right racialist movement, exemplifies eclectic present-day conspiracy theorizing in his elaborate description of an “elite organization”—which includes such strange bedfellows as Henry Kissinger, the Rothchilds and Rockefeller families, members of Yale’s Skull and Bones society, and the queen of England—that has been behind everything from the American Civil War to the JFK assassination to the formation of the European Economic Community to the Iran-Contra scandal. “It’s always been in the planning,” warns Gritz, “and now it’s in the execution.”
Survivalists and other far-right adherents. On some points, leftist believers in the “shadow government” or “the Octopus.”
As the Beatles observed, “Her Majesty’s a pretty nice girl, but she hasn’t got a lot to say.”
Sherman Skolnick, independent investigator in Chicago/December 8, 1972
United Airlines Flight 553 crashed a few miles short of Chicago’s Midway Airport in 1972, killing 43 people including Dorothy Hunt, wife of E. Howard Hunt, the Watergate burglar. Skolnick questioned whether Richard Nixon had the plane blown up to keep Ms. Hunt from spilling inside secrets. Suspicious details include a pilot named “Whitehouse,” whose body had significant amounts of cyanide in the blood; the mysterious disappearance of the flight recorder; and Nixon’s appointment of personal cronies Egil Krogh, Alexander Butterfield, and Dwight Chapin to run the crash investigation.
Various lefties, encouraged by writings of radical historian Carl Oglesby
Three different investigations—by the FBI, the National Transportation Safety Board, and the Federal Aviation Administration—all said the crash was an accident.
More:Bill ClintonDavid RockefellerHillary ClintonLongformRobert Welch
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1643
|
__label__cc
| 0.63012
| 0.36988
|
CHAIR, DEPARTMENT OF ANESTHESIOLOGY
UT Health San Antonio, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine
The Long School of Medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (dba UT Health San Antonio) seeks an individual with an outstanding record of clinical operational leadership, scientific and educational achievement, and faculty/trainee recruitment and mentoring as its Chair of the Department of Anesthesiology. Dynamic leadership, clear communication, strong interpersonal skills, and a keen strategic vision are crucial characteristics required for success. Reporting to Dean of the Long School of Medicine, the Chair will be responsible for continuing to build and maintain excellence in clinical care, robust research programs, high quality graduate medical education, and a collegial interactive culture. The UT Health San Antonio is an Equal Employment Opportunity/Affirmative Action employer and is committed to excellence through diversity among its faculty, staff and students including protected veterans and persons with disabilities.
Candidates must have an MD, board certification in Anesthesiology and academic experience consistent with eligibility for full Professor with tenure. The ideal candidate will have a widely-recognized national reputation in their field. The ability to foster a culture of collaboration, innovation, and accountability across the Health Science Center is important. This is a wonderful opportunity for a visionary leader. UT Health San Antonio is a research-intensive institution located in San Antonio and it sits in the gateway to the picturesque Texas Hill Country. San Antonio is a vibrant, multicultural city with year-round recreational activities and an attractive cost-of-living.
Interested individuals should submit a letter of interest along with a current CV electronically via the UT Health Careers portal at http://uthscsa.edu/hr/employment.asp to apply for position of Chair, Anesthesiology. Inquiries may be directed to Shelly Evans, Long School of Medicine Chief of Staff at elliss@uthscsa.edu
All faculty appointments are designated as security sensitive positions.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1647
|
__label__cc
| 0.678637
| 0.321363
|
Hostile Takeover | Meaning | Examples | Defense Strategies Types
Home » Investment Banking Guides » Mergers and Acquisitions » Hostile Takeover | Meaning | Examples | Defense Strategies Types
By Dheeraj Vaidya Leave a Comment
source: FT.com
What is Hostile Takeover?
French Laundry service company Elis made a hostile takeover offer valuing the company at over Euro 2 billion (Please see above)
The world would have been a different place if there were friendly gestures all over. However, not everything happens on a friendly note in the corporate landscape. Hostility is a common phenomenon when it comes to mergers and acquisitions. A noted philosopher, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, said-“He who dreads hostility too much is unfit to rule”. Hence, for a corporate landscape, hostility is unavoidable and companies have to be prepared for it. The battle for corporate control has led to many tectonic shifts in management structures of many large corporations. The key factor that differentiates a hostile takeover from a friendly one is that the target company’s management is against the deal coming through. In such cases, usually, a target’s board recommends their shareholders to reject the offer.
By now we know that hostile takeover is an acquisition wherein a company doesn’t want to be purchased at all. So many a times the question arises that if a company is not on sale, how is that it is being purchased. Well, the answer is that hostile takeovers only happen with publicly traded companies. Means it’s only for stocks bought and sold in public bourses.
Tactics for hostile takeover
Reactive & Pre-emptive Factors to Thwart Hostile Takeover Bid
#1 – Macaroni Defense
#2 – Poison Pill
#3 – Scorched Earth Policy
#4 – Golden parachute
#5 – Crown jewel
#6 – Lobster trap
The most talked about hostile takeovers of all time
Effect of the hostile takeover on shareholders
Here we discuss Hostile Takeover, however, if you want to know more about M&A, you can look at Mergers and Acquisitions Training.
Tactics for a Hostile takeover
A company aiming at a hostile takeover can approach this by two major ways, namely-Tender offer, and Proxy Fight.
Tender Offer happens when a company or group of investors offers to purchase the majority shares of the target company at a premium to market price and this offer is made to the board of directors who may reject it. In these circumstances, the bidder can place the offer directly to the shareholders. The shareholders, in turn, may decide to accept the offer if they find merit in it. Only when the majority of the shareholders decide to accept the offer, the sale of shares takes place.
Proxy Battle, on the other hand, is a rather unfriendly fight of control over an organization.
The above decision tree diagram shows the entire process that goes behind the hostile takeover bid. The target offer is termed as hostile when the bidder deliberately chooses not to inform the target company about the unsolicited offer. Naturally, in such a scenario, a proxy contest will also, be considered unamicable by the existing management. Even a 5% purchase of shares of the target company or what is termed as a “Toehold position” may be either considered hostile or friendly depending on the situation. Actually, it is the intention behind the Toehold purchase that determines how the hostile takeover is viewed. It could still be termed as friendly if the purchase is driven by a reduction of transaction costs or gaining a strategic position in the auction. However, if a toehold purchased with done with the intention of gaining an authority over the management will definitely be considered as hostile. The path of hostile takeover seems to be full of twists and turns. A bid which started off as a friendly one initially could also turn into a hostile one in the due course.
Training on Financial Analyst
Investment Banking Excel Course
Mergers and Acquisitions Course
Hostile Takeover Defense Strategies
Since this hostile takeover bid is unwelcome, the target company takes various hostile takeover defense strategies (reactive as well as pre-emptive factors) such as-
Quite a lip smacking name, isn’t it. On a more technical front, a macaroni defense entails a company issuing a large number of bonds with the situation that they must be redeemed at a high price if the company is taken over. When the bonds of a company are redeemed at an excessively higher price, the deal seems economically unappealing. This defensive strategy works in a two-pronged way. After making the deal unattractive, it also limits the powers of the potential buyer. The expansion of macaroni when cooked has been used as an allegory to depict that redemption of bonds at higher prices increases the cost of the hostile takeover. It is actually a tough nut to crack for a potential buyer when the redemption price of bond increases.
Let us assume that a company A is forcibly trying to acquire company B. The management of the target company does not want to go ahead with the deal because it might not seem quite appealing to them or they do not have adequate confidence that A will be able to manage the company successfully. Additional fears of corporate restructuring and layoffs also loom large. In such a case, company B might decide to go for the macaroni strategy. They may issue bonds of $100 million which will be redeemable at 200% of the face value. Hence, whoever has invested $2000 will have to be paid $4000 which will inflate the overall cost of acquisition and will eventually dissuade the acquirer from going ahead with the offer.
A Poison Pill is a popular defense mechanism for a “target company” wherein it uses shareholder’s right issue as a tactic to make the hostile acquisition deal expensive or less attractive for the raiders. This strategy also acts as a tool to slow down the speed of potential hostile attempts in future. Poison pills are generally adopted by the Board of directors without the approval of shareholders. It also comes with a provision that the rights associated can be altered or redeemed by the board when required. This to indirectly compel direct negotiations between the acquirer and the Board, so as to build grounds for better bargaining power.
Carl Icahn, an institutional investor, caught Netflix off-guard in 2012 by acquiring 10% stake in the company. The latter responded by issuing a shareholder’s right plan as a “Poison Pill”, a move which irked Carl Icahn to no end. A year later, he cut his holding to 4.5% and Netflix terminated its right issue plan in December 2013
Scorched Earth Policy is a term borrowed from the military parlance. Most of the times in military, generals order the soldiers to destroy anything and everything that could be of potential use to the opponent army. According to this defensive tactic, companies sell off their most important assets or make the acquiring companies enter into long-term contractual obligations.
Technically, Golden Parachute is defined as a contract between the Company and its top level management which entails that the executives will be offered considerable benefits in case the latter is terminated as a result of the restructuring activity. These benefits usually include cash bonus, stock options, retirement package, medical benefits, and of course a handsome severance pay. It is also used as a tool for an Anti-takeover mechanism or Poison pill to dissuade any potential merger. The quantum of benefits or compensation promised to the crème-de- la-crème of the company might lead many acquirers to change their hostile takeover decision.
Ever since Verizon agreed to buy Yahoo, the industry has been abuzz with the exorbitant Golden Parachute that Marissa Mayer (CEO Yahoo) would be flying with in case the former decides to terminate her.
source: Yahoo Schedule 14A
This is quite a similar strategy to the Scorched Earth Policy. In this case, the sale of assets by the target company during hostile bid is focussed mostly on its most valuable ones (Crown Jewel). This is done with an assumption that selling such assets will make the company less appealing to the potential acquirers. This might eventually compel the purchasing company to withdraw the bid.
However, there is another way in which this strategy can be implemented. The target company chooses to sell its most prized assets to a friendly company, also known as White Knight and later on when the acquiring company drops its decision for a hostile takeover, the target company again buys back its assets from the White Knight at a predetermined price.
Another popular defense mechanism is called Lobster Trap. In this, the target company issues a mandate in which individuals with more than 10% ownership of convertible securities (includes convertible bonds, convertible preferred stock, and warrants) are deterred from transferring these securities to voting stock. Here individuals with more than 10% ownership are symbolic of big fish or lobsters.
Top hostile takeovers of all time
AOL and Time Warner 2000 $164bn When AOL announced it was taking over the much larger and successful Time Warner, it was touted as one of the biggest deals of the period.
Sanofi-Aventis and Genzyme Corp 2010 $24.5bn Sanofi put up a tough battle to acquire biotechnology company Genzyme in 2010. It had to offer significantly higher premium than they initially wanted and assumed control over around 90% of its target company.
Nasdaq OMX/IntercontinentalExchange and NYSE Euronext 2011 $approx 13.4bn In 2011, NASDAQ and Intercontinental Exchange wanted to acquire NYSE with an unsolicited and bid. However, Nasdaq eventually had to withdraw its offer amid directive from Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice
Icahn Enterprises and Clorox 2011 Approx. $12.6 bn Years ago, Carl Icahn launched a hostile takeover bid against Clorox. He offered to takeover at $7.65 per share which was about a 12% premium. Clorox rejected the offer and used a poison pill strategy to safeguard itself from various such offers in future.
Usually, shares of the target company have been seen to rise. When a group of investors or acquiring company perceive that the management is not maximizing shareholder value, they directly approach shareholders to buy their stock at a premium to market value. At the same time, they engage in certain tactics to topple the management and create a notion amongst the public, media, and shareholders that a new management is the need of the hour.
As we see, the stock price of Berendsen jumped after Euro 2 billion Hostile Takeover Bid by Elis.
source: Yahoo Finance
As a result of this, there is additional demand for shares in the market. What follows is a bitter fight for control of the company. Hostile takeovers are nothing but a battle against the existing management. Only when shareholders have the acumen to judge the vision of the management in juxtaposition to the luring profits offered by a hostile takeover, can some value can be realized out of it.
The share price increases follow a rather convoluted path in the share repurchase process. Even if the Hostile takeovers, are eventually made, these involve management to make certain offers that are friendly for the shareholders. Usually, these offers are made so that the shareholders reject the hostile takeover bid.
Most of the times these offers include special dividends, share repurchase and spin-offs. All of these measures drive up the price of the stock in the near-term and longer-term. Let us try to understand each of these offers in details. Special dividends are one-time payouts to shareholders. These boost the sentiment of the stockholders and make the stock appear more attractive mainly in the scenarios when interest rates are at a low. Share buy-back creates an increased demand for the stocks and reduce its supply. Spinoffs are strategic decisions to divest non-core business units to show higher valuations and provide a more focused vision and business for shareholders.
While most of the companies put up a tough fight against hostile takeovers, it is not exactly clear why they do so. Many experts and analysts are of the opinion that since the acquirers pay the shareholders a premium over the share price, it is always beneficial for the target company. Another side of the story is that the bidders take up huge debts to arrange for funds in order to pay the premium amount to the target company shareholders. This, in turn, drops the share value of the acquiring company.
However, some analysts opine that hostile takeovers have an adverse effect on the overall economy. When one company takes over another one by force, the management may have limited or no understanding of the business model of the target company, their work culture or technology. Basically, it will be an acquisition without any synergies and such M&A activity can never be successful in the long run.
In a hostile takeover, both the target company and the acquiring company incurs a heavy cost at all levels. The target company lives in constant fear of hostile takeover which creates a sense of insecurity amongst them and hinders its progressive functioning. As a result, the target companies put in a lot of costs in undertaking defense strategies.
However, the outcome of hostile takeovers, like every other Merger and acquisition cannot be generalized and hence it is difficult to draw a conclusion whether they are successful or not. The cost-benefit analysis has to be done on a case by case basis. Some of the hostile takeovers have been doomed while others have resulted in industry consolidation and fairly strong companies.
This has been a guide to a hostile takeover, types of a hostile takeover, top takeover, and effect of shareholders. You may also look at the following articles on Investment Banking to enhance your knowledge further.
What does Flip-in Poison Pill Mean?
Options vs Warrants Key Differences
Differences Between Right Issue vs Bonus Issue
NASDAQ vs NYSE Differences
Synergy in Mergers and Acquisitions
Best Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) Books
About Dheeraj Vaidya
worked as JPMorgan Equity Analyst, ex-CLSA India Analyst ; edu qualification - engg (IIT Delhi), MBA (IIML); This is my personal blog that aims to help students and professionals become awesome in Financial Analysis. Here, I share secrets about the best ways to analyze Stocks, buzzing IPOs, M&As, Private Equity, Startups, Valuations and Entrepreneurship.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1650
|
__label__wiki
| 0.981747
| 0.981747
|
October 16, 2013 at 6:00 pm EDT | by Lou Chibbaro Jr.
Mendelson to back ‘Annie’s Way’ street-naming bill
Annie Kaylor died July 24 at the age of 86. (Washington Blade archive photo by Doug Hinckle)
D.C. City Council Chair Phil Mendelson (D-At-Large) is expected to back a bill submitted this week by Mayor Vincent Gray to name a one-block section of Church Street, N.W., between 17th Street and Stead Park as “Annie’s Way” after initially expressing concern over the legislation, according to Mendelson’s legislative counsel Brian Moore.
James Pittman, director of the Mayor’s Office of Policy and Legislative Affairs, said the bill seeks to honor Annie’s Paramount Steak House and its beloved night manager and bartender Annie Kaylor, who died July 24 at the age of 86.
Kaylor and Annie’s restaurant have been longtime supporters of the LGBT community. Kaylor regularly rode in the city’s LGBT Pride parade.
Mendelson initially told the mayor’s office he was reluctant to introduce the bill because of a longstanding city policy and law that doesn’t allow the naming of a street for someone until two years after the person’s death, according to activists familiar with the bill.
But Moore told the Blade on Wednesday that Mendelson would not object to a bill calling for naming the street after the restaurant widely known as “Annie’s.” He noted that the existing law doesn’t restrict naming streets after a business.
“We anticipated the Chairman’s reluctance to move legislation for the recently deceased,” said Pittman in an email to local activists. “I’ve been working with his staff to make clear that we are not technically naming the street for Annie Kaylor,” he said.
“We are naming the street for the legacy of Annie’s Paramount Steak House (‘Annie’s’) – the business. We are calling it ‘Annie’s Way’ and not ‘Annie Kaylor Way’ to resolve the Chairman’s concern,” said Pittman.
Annie’s has been a fixture on 17th Street for 65 years. It was located since it opened in 1948 at the corner of 17th and Church streets, where the gay bar JR.’s is now located, until it moved in the 1990s to its current location one block north at 1609 17th St., N.W.
17th StreetAnnie KaylorAnnie's Paramount Steak HouseAnnie's WayBrian MooreChurch StreetJames PittmanKameny WayPhil MendelsonStead ParkVincent Gray
Lou Chibbaro Jr. has reported on the LGBT civil rights movement and the LGBT community for more than 30 years, beginning as a freelance writer and later as a staff reporter and currently as Senior News Reporter for the Washington Blade. He has chronicled LGBT-related developments as they have touched on a wide range of social, religious, and governmental institutions, including the White House, Congress, the U.S. Supreme Court, the military, local and national law enforcement agencies and the Catholic Church. Chibbaro has reported on LGBT issues and LGBT participation in local and national elections since 1976. He has covered the AIDS epidemic since it first surfaced in the early 1980s. Follow Lou
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1651
|
__label__cc
| 0.738794
| 0.261206
|
College hosting annual '12 Years A Slave' event
By - Associated Press - Friday, July 18, 2014
SARATOGA SPRINGS, N.Y. (AP) - A cast member of the Oscar-winning film “12 Years A Slave” and descendants of Solomon Northup plan to attend an upstate New York community’s annual tribute to the free black man who was enslaved before the Civil War.
Organizers of Saturday’s 16th annual Solomon Northup Day at Skidmore College say attendees include Devyn Tyler, who plays Northup’s adult daughter in the movie that won three Academy Awards earlier this year, including best film.
Descendants of Northup and those of the Canadian carpenter credited with helping Northup gain his freedom are also expected to attend the presentations and panel discussions.
Northup was a musician living in Saratoga Springs when he was kidnapped and sold into slavery in 1841. Freed after 12 years, he wrote a book about his experiences as a slave on Southern plantations.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1653
|
__label__wiki
| 0.986357
| 0.986357
|
Phillies-Tigers called off because of rain
By NOAH TRISTER - Associated Press - Thursday, March 6, 2014
LAKELAND, Fla. (AP) - Justin Verlander’s first spring start was washed out by rain, so the Detroit ace threw in the batting cage - and made up his own pitching line afterward.
“Ten up, 10 down, 10 strikeouts,” Verlander said.
The spring training game between the Tigers and Philadelphia Phillies was canceled because of rain Thursday, leaving Verlander still without an appearance during spring training. The right-hander had surgery in January following a groin injury, but he was finally supposed to start when the weather intervened.
Rather than push Verlander back a day, the Tigers had him throw in the cage.
“You still get the work in,” Verlander said. “I tried to take it like a game. The only thing I didn’t do was long toss. I went through my pregame routine without any batters in there, did everything I normally do, and then had guys step in. So I tried to simulate as much as possible. … I did the national anthem and everything.”
The game was called a few minutes after the scheduled start, after steady rain had left puddles all around the warning track.
Verlander tried to replicate game conditions in the cage. He even had hitters stand in, although they didn’t swing.
“I think I threw 45 (pitches) to hitters,” Verlander said. “And I did my normal pregame routine, which is probably somewhere around 40 pitches.”
Verlander went 13-12 with a 3.46 ERA last year, an ordinary season by his recent standards. He did pitch brilliantly in the playoffs, but now he’s hopeful an unnoticed injury around his midsection was responsible for some of his struggles.
He says he’d like his mechanics to be closer to what they looked like in 2012 - even last year’s postseason isn’t what he’s hoping for. He said he noticed more tilt in his shoulders at a certain point in his motion last season.
“I threw like this for a year, so my body wants to fall back into that, naturally,” Verlander said. “It’s a whole year worth of muscle memory that I’m fighting right now.”
Verlander said there was no radar gun in the cage, so it’s hard to get a sense of where his velocity is.
“I say I’m fighting against a year’s worth of muscle memory, but I also have eight, 10, 12 years before that of muscle memory that my body knows as well,” he said. “So work through what I’m working through now, and then all of a sudden my body’s going to be like, ‘OK, yeah, that feels right. That’s right. That’s the way you used to throw.’”
Verlander says he figures he’ll start Tuesday’s game against Toronto on schedule.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1654
|
__label__cc
| 0.574374
| 0.425626
|
Appian - Get News & Ratings Daily
Enter your email address below to get the latest news and analysts' ratings for Appian with our FREE daily email newsletter:
Insider Selling: Appian Corp (NASDAQ:APPN) Major Shareholder Sells $1,251,744.84 in Stock
July 12th, 2019 - Comments Off on Insider Selling: Appian Corp (NASDAQ:APPN) Major Shareholder Sells $1,251,744.84 in Stock - Filed Under - by Mark Dietrich
Appian Corp (NASDAQ:APPN) major shareholder Qualified Master Fund L. Abdiel sold 34,182 shares of the firm’s stock in a transaction on Monday, July 8th. The stock was sold at an average price of $36.62, for a total value of $1,251,744.84. The sale was disclosed in a filing with the Securities & Exchange Commission, which can be accessed through this link. Large shareholders that own at least 10% of a company’s shares are required to disclose their sales and purchases with the SEC.
Shares of NASDAQ APPN opened at $38.47 on Friday. The company has a market capitalization of $2.49 billion, a PE ratio of -48.09 and a beta of 1.40. The firm’s fifty day moving average is $35.39. Appian Corp has a 52-week low of $22.61 and a 52-week high of $39.92.
Get Appian alerts:
Appian (NASDAQ:APPN) last issued its quarterly earnings data on Thursday, May 2nd. The company reported ($0.16) earnings per share (EPS) for the quarter, meeting the Zacks’ consensus estimate of ($0.16). The company had revenue of $59.58 million during the quarter, compared to analysts’ expectations of $59.71 million. Appian had a negative return on equity of 91.41% and a negative net margin of 24.48%. The business’s revenue was up 15.2% on a year-over-year basis. During the same period last year, the business earned ($0.12) earnings per share. Analysts predict that Appian Corp will post -0.83 earnings per share for the current fiscal year.
Hedge funds and other institutional investors have recently modified their holdings of the business. Weaver Consulting Group bought a new position in shares of Appian during the first quarter valued at $25,000. Valeo Financial Advisors LLC increased its stake in shares of Appian by 83.3% in the second quarter. Valeo Financial Advisors LLC now owns 836 shares of the company’s stock valued at $30,000 after buying an additional 380 shares in the last quarter. Lindbrook Capital LLC increased its stake in shares of Appian by 50.0% in the first quarter. Lindbrook Capital LLC now owns 900 shares of the company’s stock valued at $30,000 after buying an additional 300 shares in the last quarter. Great West Life Assurance Co. Can acquired a new stake in shares of Appian in the fourth quarter valued at $38,000. Finally, Flagship Harbor Advisors LLC acquired a new stake in shares of Appian in the first quarter valued at $85,000. 28.68% of the stock is owned by institutional investors.
Several research analysts recently commented on APPN shares. Zacks Investment Research raised HB Fuller from a “sell” rating to a “hold” rating in a research report on Wednesday, July 3rd. William Blair reissued an “outperform” rating on shares of NuCana in a report on Thursday, May 16th. Morgan Stanley set a $123.00 price objective on Lowe’s Companies and gave the company a “buy” rating in a report on Thursday, May 23rd. Barclays reissued a “buy” rating on shares of NXP Semiconductors in a report on Sunday, May 5th. Finally, BidaskClub cut Amyris from a “hold” rating to a “sell” rating in a report on Thursday, June 27th. One equities research analyst has rated the stock with a sell rating, five have given a hold rating and two have assigned a buy rating to the company. Appian has a consensus rating of “Hold” and a consensus target price of $33.59.
Appian Company Profile
Appian Corporation provides low-code software development platform that enables organizations to develop various applications in the United States and internationally. The company's platform automates the creation of forms, data flows, records, reports, and other software elements that are needed to be manually coded or configured.
Featured Story: What is the Coverage Ratio?
Receive News & Ratings for Appian Daily - Enter your email address below to receive a concise daily summary of the latest news and analysts' ratings for Appian and related companies with MarketBeat.com's FREE daily email newsletter.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1655
|
__label__wiki
| 0.538492
| 0.538492
|
NFL MVP Mahomes to be part of televised draft coverage
Posted: Mar 29, 2019 / 12:58 PM EDT / Updated: Mar 29, 2019 / 12:58 PM EDT
NFL STATS Module
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP — Kansas City quarterback and reigning NFL MVP Patrick Mahomes will be a part of ABC’s coverage of the first round of the NFL draft on April 25.
ABC and ESPN made the announcement Monday.
Mahomes, who was the 10th overall pick by the Chiefs in 2017, will join “Good Morning America” co-host Robin Roberts on set before the first pick.
ABC will broadcast all three days of the draft for the first time, including the first two nights in prime time. In addition to Roberts and Mahomes, ABC’s broadcast will feature co-host Rece Davis and the crew from “College GameDay.”
Mahomes led the Chiefs to the AFC championship game in his first season as a starter. He led the league with 50 touchdown passes and was second in passing yards with 5,097.
More NFL Stories
DeAngelo Hall talks about what to expect with Redskins in 2019
by Brian Parsons / Jul 12, 2019
HAMPTON (WAVY) -- The stars were out for the annual Hampton Roads Youth Foundation event. Steelers coach Mike Tomlin always makes time for this event in his home area and he always brings along some of his friends, including the recently retired DeAngelo Hall.
The Chesapeake native now works for the NFL Network and he joined Bruce Rader on the Sportswrap to talk about his new career, how he thinks the Redskins will do this season and who he thinks should be the Redskins starting quarterback.
Watch the complete interview on WAVY.com.
Steelers coach Mike Tomlin joins Bruce Rader on the Sportswrap
HAMPTON (WAVY) -- Pittsburgh Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin is back in his home area, once again hosting his annual Hampton Roads Youth Foundation event.
The event got underway Friday night with a Casino Night, and it concludes on Saturday with a youth football camp at Hampton University.
Tomlin sat down with Sports Director Bruce Rader to talk about the importance of giving back to his community and what to expect from the Steelers following a season that saw them miss the playoffs.
Watch the interview on WAVY.com.
Local NFL players get set for training camp
by Nathan Epstein / Jul 11, 2019
PORTSMOUTH, Va. (WAVY) - The month of July is flying by, the Major League All-Star game has come and gone, and that means it's almost time for NFL training camp.
Players from several teams will report next week, and a number of local names are gearing up for another season.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1656
|
__label__cc
| 0.581179
| 0.418821
|
Update on Tax Reform 2.0 – The Road to Nowhere
The House has successfully passed three tax bills that are being referred to as Tax Reform 2.0. However, there is no need to (a) celebrate or (b) include their provisions in your 2018 tax planning just yet. The bills are not expected to even be put up for vote in the Senate, since they would not likely receive the 60 votes required to pass, so they are going nowhere for now. The three bills do contain some provisions that are expected to be introduced again at some point, especially those contained in the Family Savings Act, which have bipartisan support. Here is a list of just some of the key contents of each bill:
The American Innovation Act
Allows up to a $20,000 current-year deduction for the start-up and organizational expenditures of a new business while requiring the remainder to be amortized over 15 years.
Preserves net operating losses and tax credits of start-up companies after an ownership change.
The Family Savings Act
Makes traditional IRAs more similar to Roth IRAs, with no age limit on making contributions and elimination of mandatory distributions from IRAs if the balance is $50,000 or less.
Permits universal savings accounts, with after-tax contributions of up to $2,500 per year, tax-free earnings, and eligibility to be used for anything, not just retirement.
Expands allowable withdrawals from Sec. 529 education accounts for qualified apprenticeship programs and homeschooling expenses.
The Protecting Family and Small Business Tax Cuts Act of 2018
Makes permanent the temporary individual tax provisions in the TCJA, which are currently scheduled to sunset after 2025 (e.g., tax rate cuts, new limitation on loss deductions, new $10,000 cap on state and local taxes, and the Sec. 199A pass-through income deduction).Note that President Trump has recently stated that if the Republicans retain the House and Senate in the mid-term elections, they intend to advance a bill reducing individual tax rates by 10%.
Fixes a perceived glitch in the 60% deduction for cash gifts to public charities, which were (unintentionally?) limited to 50% if the taxpayer made contributions of both cash and marketable securities.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1660
|
__label__cc
| 0.547913
| 0.452087
|
Opinion Blog
The Working Poor
Posted by John Scepanski 515.80pc on February 09, 2013
This is a good, short article on what I consider to be close to the core of our economic problems. Underlines are mine. JS
A good book on the subject is Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America by Barbara Ehrenreich.
Working, but still poor: Why is it that millions of Americans who have jobs can’t make ends meet? By THE WEEK Staff | January 30, 2013
Who are the working poor?
They’re the millions of people who have jobs that leave them mired at the edge of poverty. Their ranks include legions of retail clerks at chains like Walmart, fast-food workers, dishwashers, customer assistance representatives, home health-care aides, factory workers, and farm laborers. Some 46.2 million Americans now live in families where someone is working but earning less than the poverty line: $11,702 a year for an individual or $23,021 for a family of four. Many economists have a broader definition, saying that the working poor are those whose incomes do not cover basic needs: food, clothing, housing, transportation, child care, and health care. By that standard, there are more than 146 million Americans in the poor-but-working class. People in this category generally have no savings and survive from check to check, often filling in the gaps by going into debt. “Any little thing—a child getting sick, a car breaking down—those are quite significant events for these working families,” said Brandon Roberts of the Working Poor Families Project.
Where do they live and work?
About half the working poor are white, mostly living in the South or Southwest. But African-Americans and Latinos are vastly overrepresented in their ranks: Over a quarter of blacks and Latinos live in poverty, while only a tenth of whites do. Most commonly they work for major national chains whose business models depend on very low labor costs—Walmart, Pizza Hut, McDonald’s, Target. In these hugely successful companies, most of the profits go to top management and stockholders. The top 50 employers of low-wage workers, a recent study found, paid their top executives an average of $9.4 million a year and have returned $175 billion in dividends to their shareholders since 2006. In contrast, the typical worker eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit, a tax break for low-income workers, has an adjusted gross income of $13,900. Since the Great Recession of 2008, about 60 percent of the jobs created in the U.S. have been low-wage ones. One out of four Americans now earns less than $10 an hour.
Is the minimum wage too low?
There is a strong case that it is. The federal minimum wage has been frozen at $7.25 since 2009, and the cost of living has risen more than 7 percent since then. Some economists argue that paying workers more would mean fewer jobs as labor costs rose, but others say that basic economic principle doesn’t hold at the low end of the job spectrum. Many of these service jobs can’t be outsourced or automated. But thanks to globalization and the waning power of labor unions, workers have little leverage to press for higher salaries.
Why are unions shrinking?
One major factor is that the manufacturing companies that were once a union stronghold have closed or sent their jobs overseas. But that’s not the whole story. Canada’s economy has seen similar changes over the past four decades, yet union membership there is still 30 percent, whereas in the U.S. it is 11.3 percent overall and less than 7 percent in the private sector. In the U.S., unions have dwindled partly because poor leadership has damaged their image, and partly because of “right-to-work” laws, now in place in 24 states, which effectively bar unions from organizing workers.
Do the working poor pay taxes?
They pay federal payroll taxes and sales taxes at the same rate as more affluent Americans, but they do not pay federal income taxes. Under tax programs that both Republicans and Democrats supported as a way to get poor people off welfare, workers with low incomes qualify for the Earned Income Tax Credit and often the Child Tax Credit. Perversely, however, these special tax breaks serve as disincentives for the working poor to make more money. A single mother earning $18,000 a year loses tax credits and benefits as she climbs the income scale, so for each additional dollar she makes, she effectively keeps only 12 cents. She has little incentive to increase her hours and her income unless she can make a major jump in salary.
Why not simply get a better job?
The best way out of low-paying work is to get a good higher education. But most of the working poor come from struggling communities where schools are not well financed, and kids who attend bad elementary and high schools are far less likely to attend college. Even today, only 30 percent of Americans get college degrees. And for those with only a high school diploma, job prospects are more limited than ever; the average high school graduate today makes $12,000 less than the average high school graduate did in 1980. Men who are unemployed or in low-wage jobs tend not to marry, or if they do, are likely to get divorced, creating a vicious cycle: Their children often grow up in single-parent homes, which are far more likely to stay poor. “Folks in our state are working hard, but for many families, working hard just isn’t enough,” said F. Scott McCown of the Center for Public Policy Priorities in Austin. “Things need to change.”
How taxpayers subsidize Walmart
Walmart is the largest private employer in the U.S.—and has the most workers on public assistance. In 2007, the company shifted from regular shifts to flexible shifts, a change labor activists said was designed to force full-time workers to downgrade their status to part-time, so they would not qualify for health insurance or other benefits. The result is that hundreds of thousands of Walmart employees rely on state benefits or Medicaid. Most of the company’s warehouses are contracted out to temp agencies, so even if a warehouse loader works full-time in a Walmart warehouse for years, he gets no benefits. Walmart has also spent at least $1 billion since 2005 settling lawsuits over unpaid wages or illegal working conditions. One study estimated that Walmart workers cost taxpayers more than $1 billion every year.
The Working Poor http://www.wisconsingrassroots.net/53/the_working_poor?recruiter_id=53
John Scepanski published this page in Opinion Blog 2013-02-09 11:32:27 -0600
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1661
|
__label__wiki
| 0.519622
| 0.519622
|
Find a Business Near: Shungnak, AK
Choose an Industry In Shungnak
Below is a list of the types of businesses in the City of Shungnak for which we have listings. If you do not see your industry within the list below, adding your business will automatically create it.
Shungnak Population: 368
Total Males: 191
Total Females: 177
Median Household Income: $50,000
Total Households: 68
For complete census data click here. You can also use: city-data.com.
Business Industries in Shungnak
Don't see your category here? Adding your business in Shungnak will create it!
Brief Information About Shungnak
Shungnak is a city in Northwest Arctic Borough located in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is known as the original village of Kobuk approximately 10 miles upstream, was hugely abandoned due to flooding. Shungnak is the former village of Kochuk that was settled in 1899 and became incorporated on May 4, 1967. It has a total area of 9.6 square miles at 66°53′9″N 157°8′15″W. The elevation is about 144 feet above sea level. As of the census of 2010, Shungnak had a total population of 262 individuals. The population density was 27.13/sq mi. Estimated per capita income in 2015 was $12,188. The Northwest Arctic Borough School District operates the Shungnak School. The city of Shungnak has Zip code 99773.
For continually updated facts on Shungnak use: the Shungnak Wikipedia page.
To get a feel for Shungnak's cost of living view: single family homes on Zillow.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1667
|
__label__wiki
| 0.552934
| 0.552934
|
Revision of the Japanese Trademark Act and Design Act in 2014
Latest legal news in Japan and overseas and client alerts to keep you up to date on critical issues.
For Legal Updates relating to IP in General, Copyright, Unfair Competition, Plant Variety Protection, etc.,
please select “Intellectual Property.”
Territory:Japan
Practices:Designs、Trademarks
Category:Laws
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY NEWS, VOL.40, June 2014
Emi AOSHIMA (Ms.)
Patent Attorney of the Trademark & Design Division
1. Revision of Trademark Act
(1) Expanding the scope of protection (Non-traditional marks)
(2) Expanding the scope of eligible entities concerning regional collective trademarks
(3) Specifying limitation of effects of trademark right
2. Revision of Design Act
(1) Filing date
(2) Possibility of inconsistency or lack of drawings
(3) Principle of one design one application
(4) No secret design system
(5) Refund of individual designation fees
(6) Expiration date
(7) Compensation in relation to international publication
The bill regarding the revision of the Design Act and the Trademark Act was enacted on April 25, 2014 and the revised act was announced officially on May 14, 2014. The Cabinet Order has not yet been published, and thus the exact enforcement date for each of revisions will be officially announced later. The main points of the revision are as follows:
Article 2, Par. 1 providing the definition of a “trademark” is revised as follows:
A “trademark” may consist of letters, figures, signs, three-dimensional shapes, or colors or any combinations thereof; or sounds or any others as provided by Cabinet Order, as recognized by a person’s perception.
The Cabinet Order has not yet been published, but from other articles of the revised act and a report issued by the Intellectual Property Subcommittee of the Industrial Structure Council in September, 2013 (hereinafter “Industrial Structure Council Report”), it is very likely that motion marks, hologram marks, and position marks will become registrable as well as sound marks and color per se marks, as shown in the following table.
Existing act Revised act
3-D marks Registrable Registrable*
Color per se marks Not Registrable Registrable*
Sound marks Not Registrable Registrable*
Motion marks Not Registrable Registrable*
Hologram marks Not Registrable Registrable*
Position marks Not Registrable Registrable*
Scent marks Not Registrable Not Registrable
Taste marks Not Registrable Not Registrable
Touch marks Not Registrable Not Registrable
* To register the above marks with an asterisk including a mark consisting only of 3-D shapes of products or packages thereof, the applicant may be required to prove that the applied-for mark has acquired secondary meaning.
Article 5, Par. 2 of the revised act provides that when an applicant intends to obtain a trademark registration for a 3-D mark, a color per se mark, a sound mark, a motion mark, a hologram mark, and marks that will be provided by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, the application shall contain a statement indicating thereof. The Ordinance has not yet been published. In view of the Industrial Structure Council Report, we expect that a position mark will be the mark provided in the Ordinance.
Article 5, Par. 4 of the revised act provides that when an applicant intends to obtain a trademark registration for marks provided by the Ordinance, the application shall contain a detailed explanation of the mark or include items provided by the Ordinance. In view of the Industrial Structure Council Report, we think that the Ordinance will also require the detailed explanation for color per se marks, motion marks, hologram marks and position marks, but such statement may not be mandatory for sound marks and MP3 data may be required for sound marks as the items provided by the Ordinance.
If those marks are not adequately specified by the detailed explanation or the items, an application for such a mark will be rejected, or a registration for such a mark will be cancelled or invalidated by an opposition or invalidation trial under Article 15, Item 3, Article 43-2, Item 3 or Article 46, Par. 1, Item 3 of the revised act.
The JPO has announced that the revision will come into force within one year from the official announcement of the revised act. We think that the revision will come into force on April 1, 2015.
Also, the Examination Guidelines in relation to the revision have not yet been published.
For your information, the transitional measures following the revision are as follows:
(a) The revision will be applied only to applications filed after the revised act comes into force.
(b) A person who has used a color per se mark, a sound mark, a motion mark and a hologram mark in relation to goods or services, without any intention of unfair competition prior to the time when the revised act comes into force, in Japan, has the right to use the trademark, as far as the person continuously uses the trademark for the goods or services. However, such a right to use the trademark is limited only to the range of business conducted under the trademark in relation to the goods and services at the time when the revised act comes into force. On the other hand, if the trademark used by the said person becomes well-known or famous as the person’s trademark in connection with goods or person’s trademark in connection with goods or services at the time when the revised act comes into force, in Japan, the person has the right to use the trademark in connection with the goods or services without the above limitation on the range of the business. Therefore, even if the trademark or a mark similar thereto has been or will be registered in connection with the goods or services or those similar thereto by another person, the use of the above person who has a right to use the trademark based on the transitional measures will not constitute an infringement of the registration of such other person.
(c) The holder of a trademark right or exclusive right to use may request the person who has the right to use based on the above (b) to affix an indication that may sufficiently prevent any confusion between the goods or services pertaining to the business of the person and those of its own.
In Japan, there is no protection system of geographical indication (GI) in relation to goods other than “wine, distilled liquor, and Japanese sake”. In general, marks consisting of a combination of “the name of a region” and “the common name of the goods or services” are rejected due to lack of distinctiveness.
However, if applications satisfy the requirements for “regional collective trademarks”, they can be registered as “regional collective trademarks”. The marks such as “KOBE BEEF”, “PROSCIUTTO DI PARMA”, “CANADA PORK”, “鎮江香醋” (in Chinese, Zhenjiang Vinegar) have been registered as “regional collective marks” so far. There are hundreds of such regional collective mark registrations. Most of them, however, are Japanese regional collective marks.
Under the existing act, the applicants who can be entitled to obtain registrations for regional collective trademarks are limited only to business cooperative associations, cooperative associations which were founded or established under special Japanese acts and foreign associations corresponding thereto.
Under the revised act, the Commercial and Industrial Associations, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, NPOs and foreign associations corresponding thereto can also be entitled to obtain registrations for regional collective trademarks.
The JPO has announced that the revision will come into force within three months from the official announcement of the revised act. Therefore, the revision will come into force around August 2014.
In most trademark infringement cases, Japanese courts have held that if a possible infringer does not use a mark as a source identifier of the goods or services, such use does not constitute a trademark infringement.
The revised act is intended to clarify the court’s interpretation and listed the following trademarks as limitation of effects of trademark right under Article 26.
Trademarks which are used in the manner that consumers are not able to recognize the goods or services as those pertaining to a business of a particular person
Japan is considering acceding to the “Geneva Act of the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs” (hereinafter “the Hague Agreement”). Under the revised act, Japan can be a designated nation of the international applications under the Hague Agreement. The revision will come into force when the Hague Agreement becomes effective in Japan.
The JPO will continue to conduct substantive examination against designs applied for under the Hague system.
An international application designating Japan published by the International Bureau as provided under the Hague Agreement 10(3)(a) as a result of an international registration is deemed as a design application filed on the date of the international registration provided under the Hague Agreement 10(2) in Japan (hereinafter “application(s) filed under the Hague system” for such a design application and “International Registration Date” for the above date).
In Japan, in principle, drawings of six views, namely, front view, rear view, right side view, left side view, top view and bottom view are required. Also, a design must be shown in the same scale orthographically and standards of consistency for each drawing are strict.
In view of the above, we expect that applications filed under the Hague system will often be rejected by the JPO due to inconsistencies between drawings or lack of necessary drawings under the main paragraph of Article 3(1) of the Design Act.
It is possible to file an amendment with the JPO to amend or add drawings when and if we receive a provisional refusal issued against the application filed under the Hague system.
However, the JPO will reject any amendments to add a new matter which cannot be understood from the other drawings at filing. Also, since the designs applied for under the Hague system are already published by the International Bureau at that time, it is not possible to re-file the local applications after an amendment is rejected.
Therefore, when you use the Hague system, there is a risk that you will not be able to obtain a design registration due to inconsistency or lack of drawings.
Since Article 7 of the Design Act provides that an application must be filed for each design, if an application contains two or more designs, the Design Act.
However, this does not apply to the applications filed under the Hague system.
An applicant for a design registration may request that the applied-for design be kept secret for a period of time that shall be designated in the request and shall be no more than three years from the registration date of the design right under Article 14 of the Design Act. It is possible to exercise the design right against an infringer even during such period.
However, Article 14 does not apply to the applications filed under the Hague system.
International applications may contain a request for deferment of publication under the Hague Agreement 5(5).
However, design rights under the Hague system do not arise in Japan until the deferment is finished. Therefore, it is not possible to exercise a design right against an infringer during the deferment. Instead of this, compensation in relation to an international publication stated below (7) is accepted for applications filed under the Hague system.
An applicant of an international application has to pay the individual designation fees provided by the Hague Agreement 7(2) to the International Bureau.
If the application filed under the Hague system is withdrawn or rejected, the amount of money provided by the Cabinet Order is returned if a person who paid the fees requests for such return within six months from the withdrawal or rejection.
Article 21 of the Japanese Design Act provides that a design right expires in 20 years from the registration date.
Japan is planning to declare that the Hague Agreement 17 (3)(b) should be applied to Japan. Therefore, Article 21 of the Design Act will also be applied to a design right of an application filed under the Hague system and it will expire in 20 years from the registration date in Japan (not from the International Registration Date).
When an applicant has, after the international publication, given a warning with documents stating the contents of the design of the application filed under the Hague system, the applicant may claim compensation against a person who has worked the design or one similar thereto as a business after the warning and prior to the registration establishing the design right, and the amount of compensation shall be equivalent to the amount the applicant would be entitled to receive for the working of the design if the design were registered.
Please note that this newsletter was drawn up based on information which we have obtained as of May 23, 2014. If you have any questions regarding the revision, please feel free to contact us.
Trademark & Design DivisionAssociates Patent Attorneys
AOSHIMA, Emi (Ms.)
[Practices]
Designs Trademarks
Other legal updates authored by AOSHIMA, Emi (Ms.)
Legal updates on Designs、Trademarks
2018/05/16 Japan Trademarks Laws
Revision of the Trademark Examination Manual (effective since April 2, 2018)
Revision of the Accelerated Examination Guidelines (since February, 2017)
Revision of the Trademark Act of Japan in 2015 and Change in Trademark Practice (Reduction of Official Fees and Changes in Extension of Time Limit for OA Response) – Effective on April 1, 2016
2016/02/01 Japan Patents、Trademarks Others
Revision of Governmental Fees regarding Patent and Trademark
Japan Patent Information Committee
2015/10/28 Japan Trademarks Others
Decisions for registration of non-traditional trademarks were issued
Zone/Treaty Domestic Asia North America South America Treaty Europe Africa Country/Treaty Country/Treaty Japan Country/Treaty Turkey Thailand Korea China Taiwan Indonesia Singapore India Country/Treaty USA Canada Country/Treaty Brazil Argentine Chile Country/Treaty Hague Agreement PCT EP EU Country/Treaty Austria Portugal Estonia Ireland United Kingdom Germany
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1668
|
__label__wiki
| 0.975125
| 0.975125
|
Photo: A&M Records
Review: Soundgarden's 'Superunknown' Rerelease Expands '90s Masterpiece
Grunge Pioneers Release Deluxe Editions Of Best Album
By David Hyland
Wednesday, June 4, 2014, 3:30pm
Adjectives like "dark," "vengeful" and "brimming over with apocalyptic imagery" aren't necessary the bywords for a classic album, but those are a few of the qualities that perfectly describe Soundgarden's "Superunknown" and helped to make it one of the defining albums of the 1990s.
While Kurt Cobain gave a frustrated Generation X its alienated anthem, it fell to Cobain's hometown compatriots in Soundgarden to give the era its definitive rock album. "Superunknown" wears its glum descriptors like badges of honor, but only because it accurately and artfully reflects the zeitgeist of those times, especially when paired with dinosaur-sized guitar riffs and howling vocals. And what isn't to love? Like the "thinking man's metal" that would come later, Soundgarden created heavy songs with true emotional content, a record head's diversified ears for sonics and just plain-old, pop-songwriting smarts.
And so in a new age likewise plagued by suspicion, dashed hopes and lingering uncertainty, perhaps the glories of past will have new relevancy. At least that's what the members of Soundgarden hope. A new reissue of "Superunknown" -- boasting a massive trove of extra tracks -- seeks to acknowledge the 20th anniversary of the record's arrival and to resurrect its reputation among rock fans when so much as happened in the years since then. (The reunited Soundgarden is touring North American yet again, this time on a co-headlining bill with fellow '90s alternative survivors, Nine Inch Nails.)
The reissue comes in two expanded forms -- a two-disc deluxe edition and a five-CD "Super Deluxe Edition" box set -- that boasts demos, rehearsals, alternate versions, B-sides, concert performances and in the case of the latter, a disc of the album mixed in Blu-ray Audio 5.1 Surround Sound. While this rerelease doesn't exactly burnish the legacy of "Superunknown" with unreleased gems, it does effectively deepen one's appreciation for what these musicians accomplished all those years ago.
The record, released in the early part of 1994, marked the apogee of grunge and the pinnacle of the entire '90s alternative rock movement. Within weeks of its release, Cobain would be dead and the white-hot media frenzy about all things Seattle would cool. The corporate hype machine that had lionized so many underground-rock figures in the early part of the '90s -- pushing edgier, more challenging artists to be included in the mainstream -- would shift the public's attention back on more outwardly joyful, plastic performers like Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera and the like. The counter-revolution had seemingly won.
Fans still had "Superunknown" as a relic of those days, and while Soundgarden would call it quits amid internal conflict as the Spears era came into its ascendency, the band left a record that easily ranks alongside Nirvana's "Nevermind," Pearl Jam's "Ten" or Radiohead's "OK Computer," even surpassing them in many respects. It never pandered to its audience, nor did it beat listeners with its intellectuality. This was an ideal fusion of idea and execution.
With "Superunknown, Soundgarden distilled all of its musical moods and assorted influences into a refined collection with real range and potency. If their previous record, "Badmotofinger," won the band fans and media attention because it was the consummate rawk experience -- singer Chris Cornell's shirtless chest belting out eardrum-splitting screams and his head's tangle of curls bouncing to crushing metallic thunder -- "Superunknown" was unexpectedly more inward, nuanced, cerebral and emotionally complicated than any album the group ever produced. The rerelease basically gives another chance to appreciate "Superunknown."
While during the album's initial release cycle, singles like the misanthropic Beatles pop of "Black Hole Sun" and the hard-charging "Spoonman," soaked up most of the media spotlight, subsequent listens to this record brought deeper cuts like "4th Of July," "Mailman," "Fresh Tendrils," "Head Down" and "Like Suicide" to the fore. Instead of filler, these songs dove into surprisingly new directions and were distinct variations of the record's bleak theme. It's no coincidence then that when Soundgarden reunited a handful of years ago, these songs became staples of the group's live sets.
Song by song, the music on "Superunknown" remains oddly contemporary sounding. What was initially one of the record's odd outliers, "Head Down," has grown into a highlight of the disc. Conceived by bassist Ben Shepherd, the song blends folk blues and an Indian-influenced guitar melody to create a tripped-out slice of dark psychedelia. (Shepherd's other primary contribution, "Half," is still a screwy piece of performance art. Even a masterpiece needs its George Harrison moment.)
Meanwhile, sludge-heavy tracks like "Mailman" and "4th Of July" take the band's love of heavy rock to a creeping, punishing extreme. The rhythms trudge along, leaden by guitarist Kim Thayil's overpowering riffs, but instead of collapsing under the guitar's slow-moving oppressiveness, the music is liberated by it. Vocally, Cornell finally understands how best to use his considerable pipes. His voice hovers above the monsterous roar, crooning each line to tell these stories of underdogs who have now gone over to the dark side. By keeping his voice low in the mix instead of just belting it out, Cornell not only breaks with a tired metal cliché, but transforms these tales of woe into genuinely poignant moments.
However, it's the record's mini-epics that serve as the crucial pillars of "Superunknown." "The Day I Tried To Live" is simultaneously one of Soundgarden's troubling, spellbinding and lyrically imaginative songs in their canon. The same is true for "Limo Wreck," and although few would call Cornell a prophet (if he was, why did Audioslave happen?), it has the allure that with the passage of time, one can read a degree of foresight into the words. One could think his vengeful daydream as an allegorical indictment of consumerism, capitalism and the excesses of the Clinton era. But, while this world was expunged after Sept. 11, the language remains vivid and vague enough that listeners can image Occupy Wall Street embracing the song has a new rallying cry.
In the case of "Fresh Tendrils" and "Like Suicide," it's the slow-reveal nature of the music that beautifully builds the intensity to glorious effect. Laced by a murmuring clavinet, "Fresh Tendrils" features a revolving guitar refrain that spins and spins until the music final leaps off the track, exquisitely exploding with raw power and Cornell at full wail. "Like Suicide," the record's closer, is as close as Soundgarden came to a power ballad. In these minutes, the band at its most musically and lyrically majestic.
But beyond the familiar songs, most reissues releases promise both greater insights into the creation of the album as well as the prospect of a few masterworks that were unfortunately left on the cutting-room floor. In this instance, there aren't any songs inexplicably left in the band's archives. Instead, both editions of "Superunknown" offer listeners the true journey of this material. They can get a better understanding on how each song was crafted and refined over time until it was finally put onto vinyl rather than falling from the sky in completed form. It offers greater appreciation of Soundgarden as musicians and craftsmen (and special notices for "Superunknown" producer Michael Beinhorn for what he was able to pull out of the group).
The bonus cuts also demonstrate the band's weirder, artier instincts that were frequently underappreciated. Much is often made of the group's fondness for odd time signatures, but Soundgarden always seemed a little brainer than your average headbanging band. This was a "metal" band with an avowed love of '60 psychedelic pop (Beatles, Pink Floyd) and '80s hardcore punk (Black Flag) and covered material from such dispirit acts as Devo to the Ramones to Sly and the Family Stone. As the proof, the expanded edition surfaces some ideas that might have horrified the "Headbangers Ball" crowd of those days and yet, surely informed the "Superunknown" songs.
For most listeners, all of this music -- four hours' worth in the case of the "Super Deluxe Edition" -- is a test of endurance. Researchers and super-fans will lap up every variation that can be found here, but a song's evolution is never a critical factor. It's the finished product that really matters. There are several songs among the secondary discs that are fun or engaging listens. Fans can hear how a demo of "Birth Ritual" (the song the band played during their brief appearance in Cameron Crowe's "Singles") was initially recorded along the same lines as the more polished version that wound up on the movie soundtrack album. Cornell's solo, acoustic version of "Like Suicide" demonstrates how the song could contract from a massive showstopper into singer-songwriter fare and maintain its effectiveness.
Another stellar cut is a live version of "Fell On Black Days" that was recorded for the music video. This is a grizzled, neck-breaking rendition on the song (Watch the video and see a band who looks visibly tired of the road, but is also musically at the top of its game.) A rehearsal, instrumental version of "Half" is less exotic sounding than the studio take, and features an aggressive second part that was scrapped for the final product. During this part of the composition, the guitars are now playing offensive, are more menacing and striking out like a biker gang's theme music.
There's more strange stuff too. The boozy, punkish sneer of "Kyle Petty, Son Of Richard," points toward the loose-limbed, carefree spirit of the band's next album, "Down On The Upside." "Jerry Garcia's Finger" is wonderful soundscape, full of plinking cymbals, fluttering guitar/amp effects, drones and feedback trickery. This song wouldn't have made it onto anybody metal radio station's playlist.
Other tracks point to the creative directions not taken. A demo version of "Spoonman" has its central riff, but is an interesting mash of funky syncopation. "Bing Bing Goes The Church" is a stomping, rehearsal ditty that features contrasting, serrating guitar riffs and Cornell giving a silly spoken-word performance worthy of an open mic night. "Ruff Riff-Raff" is jam of more colliding riffs that suggest more work could have grown this song into something grander. An alternate version of "Fell On Black Days," titled "Black Days III," has different lyrics and a gooey, heavy-metal groove that suggests the song's original destiny was something more conventional. The same might have been true for a version of "The Day I Tried To Live" called "The Date I Tried To Leave." The rehearsal take included here has a malformed guitar lick and Cornell ad-libbing some offensive, dummy lyrics as he teases out a vocal melody. Of course, this unvarnished version offers a glimpse of Cornell and company's songwriting process. The box set's next track is rehearsal version of the full-fledged "The Day I Tried To Live" and highlights how much work went on between the times that someone hit the record button.
For completists, the expanded editions of "Superunknown" give that rare glimpse behind the curtain. For most listeners, however, all this music is unnecessary. Little of this added material could displace a "Superunknown" album track and in the big picture, its inclusion here doesn't amount to much in terms of underscoring what Soundgarden achieved at that point in time. "Superunknown" excels because of the finished product, not its journey, even if that trip was fundamental to the process.
"Superunknown" succeeded not only because it was a record released the right place and time. It resonated because of the attention to detail and the commitment to the artistic impulse that these songs represented. Born of those times, the music was crafted so well that it could live beyond it. The band finally did used their heads for something beyond just banging.
As Cornell sings in the album's title track," "First it steals your mind/And then it steals your soul." True, true.
Soundbytes: Halloween's Top 5 Songs Celebrating Frankenstein
Uncovering The History Of Hidden Tracks
What Is THE Wisconsin Song?
How The Funeral Industry Is Breathing New Life Into Honoring Our Loved Ones
5 Picks For Great Music In 2018
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1669
|
__label__cc
| 0.69967
| 0.30033
|
by Kjetil Meisal
Product Marketing Manager, Novelda
Tackling sleep monitoring with non-contact sensor technology
4 years ago|TECHNOLOGY
Respiration rate is an important vital sign that can provide insight into a person’s general state of health and quality of sleep. Breathing rate and breathing patterns are also considered good indicators of underlying medical conditions. While current technologies in today’s market promise accurate and dependable monitoring, the majority are less than ideal - either they are not accurate and require continual adjustment or are uncomfortable for subjects to use.
This article explores the various established methods for measuring and analyzing respiration to understand their limitations when applied to the requirements for daily health care and fitness tracking. Overcoming these challenges is not easy but ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse radar can serve as the basis of sensors such as Novelda’s XeThru -- enabling sensors to achieve an effective range up to 2.8m and capable of ‘seeing through’ obstacles, such as clothing, while also being low cost and easy to use.
Sleep monitoring for healthcare
Breathing rate is the number of breaths a person takes per minute, and is best measured when a person is at rest. The rate may increase with fever, illness, and with other medical conditions. The most common method for measuring breathing rate is by physical assessment, observing a person’s chest and counting the number of breaths during one minute. Depth of breathing can be determined with a spirometer, a device that measures lung function based on the volume of air breathed in and out. In its simplest form doctors use a spirometer to detect conditions like asthma. Breathing rate on its own provides limited information, but breathing patterns - measuring rate, amplitude and other characteristics - provide far more valuable information, which can be used for medical diagnostics as well as the evaluation of sleep quality.
Most of the sleep monitoring technologies that exist today are invasive and require the subject to be connected to the measuring equipment. This is certainly true for the spirometer described above but even the simple electromechanical measurement of breathing rate will typically require an elastic strap to be tightened around the subject’s chest. Alternative acoustic techniques require a device to be connected to a subject’s neck, while capacitive techniques require a special mattress or sensing unit to be installed in the bed or on a subject’s body. These methods are mainly used in professional monitoring situations and provide accurate breathing pattern data. However, a fundamental challenge still remains, which is the physical connection of a sensor to the body, causing stress to the monitored subject. Any associated discomfort will in turn affect the subject’s breathing and potentially invalidate the data.
Consumer sleep monitoring
Until recently, even simple respiration tests have been confined to the doctor’s office; more extensive sleep monitoring has been the preserve of clinics and hospitals and then only for patients referred after preliminary diagnosis of a medical condition. The advent of smartphones and similar high-tech gadgetry, including devices such as heart rate and blood-sugar monitors, coupled with individuals who have become much more conscious of and concerned about their health and well-being has raised expectations of what should be possible away from a medical environment. Consequently the market has been flooded with healthcare and fitness monitoring devices introduced to provide consumers with the means to track their physical activity and manage their personal health. These products use technology similar to their medically qualified counterparts, while further refinements of medical designs address a trend towards providing complete health assessments by monitoring sleep quality and breathing patterns while at rest.
With an appreciation of the limitations of current solutions, and understanding that consumers expect health and fitness products to be comfortable, safe and easy to use, it is clear that a truly unobtrusive sleep monitor needs to meet some pretty demanding design criteria. It should be able to accurately measure and record breathing from a distance and its placement shouldn’t be critical as long as the person is within a reasonable detection zone. The person’s orientation within that zone shouldn’t matter and the monitor should operate reliably despite reasonable obstructions e.g. through a duvet.
The technology should be suitable for use with people of all ages and sizes but should also be non-intrusive and preserve the privacy of the person being monitored – this typically precludes monitoring using any form of video surveillance. It should also be possible to monitor more than one person concurrently. Further considerations in terms of the technical performance of a sensor that delivers on these goals are that it should be: safe to use, low cost, low power and ideally, for ease of integration into an end-equipment design, should also be small in size and provide a digital interface.
Of the many products in today’s market capable of measuring breathing rates, the majority take the form of fitness trackers involving body-worn contact sensors built into wristbands or chest straps. However, sleeping with a monitoring device connected to the body is uncomfortable and battery-operated units also require regular charging. More advanced sleep monitors, which provide a means of non-contact sensing, avoid these issues and provide quality sleep monitoring with greater comfort. These use technologies such as capacitive sensing, where sensor units are placed under bed sheets, or continuous wave (CW) radar solutions that monitor breathing movement from the bedside. While they don’t require direct contact, capacitive solutions generally need to operate in close proximity to a subject and their reliability can be affected by temperature and humidity variations. CW radar can operate more remotely but cannot distinguish between movement due to respiration and other body movements (as discussed further below).
Radar technology would seem to be the ideal choice for systems that are non-intrusive and can monitor breathing from a distance, especially as its signals can pass through materials such as clothing or bedding. Even then there are limitations. While CW Doppler radar is highly sensitive to movement and can easily detect the frequency of repetitive movements like breathing, it only provides phase information and cannot measure absolute distance. Not being able to measure absolute distance means a CW-based radar system cannot distinguish between other body movements, such as hands or feet, and chest movement. Hence a CW system is less capable of resolving actual chest movement, which is necessary to provide reliable data throughout the night.
What is needed is an approach that can accurately measure distance, sufficient to differentiate between shallow and normal breathing, and precisely track a subject’s breathing patterns from their chest movement (Figure 1). Achieving this with a low power, low cost solution is the real challenge.
Figure 1. Reliable detection of respiration from chest movement requires a radar system that is capable of absolute distance measurement.
A Solution using UWB impulse radar
In pursuing a solution to address these criteria, Novelda concluded that an electromagnetic sensor using the principles of radar should be able to meet all the technical requirements provided other concerns could be overcome. The previously noted limitation of CW radar, not being able to measure absolute distance, does not apply when using ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse radar techniques, which, by emitting and sampling signal pulses, can achieve highly accurate distance measurements determined by the time differences between transmitted and received pulses.
Furthermore, by using what is essentially a spread spectrum approach and employing digital signal processing (DSP) to recover the return signal, UWB radar can operate at much lower power levels than conventional radar. This overcomes the potential consumer concern of not wanting a high-power radar sitting on their bedside table - this technique allows operation at power levels less than 1/1000th the power of a Bluetooth headset. The spread spectrum nature of UWB also means it can coexist with other RF systems without causing, or being affected by, interference. For example, CW Doppler radar operates at much higher power levels, which can interfere with WiFi and radio signals. Conversely while UWB operates at very low power levels, DSP techniques can reliably extract the signal from the noise in much the same way as ADSL delivers broadband Internet connectivity from ordinary phone lines.
Radar is considered to be a complex and expensive technology, typically deployed in high-end market segments. Certainly this has been true in the past for traditional systems constructed from discrete components and using costly ceramic substrates. In most markets, especially consumer, the widespread adoption of integrated circuit technology has enabled products to be produced in volume and offered at affordable prices. The high level of integration possible today enables complete system-on-chip solutions with consequent benefits in size and power consumption (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Novelda’s UWB impulse radar IC integrates a complete transmitter and receiver circuit with all the necessary timing and signal processing elements.
So finally …
However you label it, health, fitness and wellness are of increasing concern to most people as evidenced by the plethora of electronic gadgetry available today. Many fitness tracker and similar devices measure activity, such as distance, speed or steps taken, but their ability to measure the body’s response is often limited to heart rate. Breathing rate and particularly breathing patterns are further useful performance indicators but, as we have seen, their measurement is more complex and potentially more intrusive.
In investigating alternatives to respiration tracking techniques that have traditionally been confined to medical practices, Novelda has concluded that UWB impulse radar overcomes both the technical and useability challenges to provide a solution for measuring and analyzing breathing rates and patterns, all without contact and without being blocked by obstructions such as clothing or bedding. Indeed, this sensing technology enables compact respiration tracking designs such as Novelda's own XeThru sensor module.
Share0 Tweet0 +10 Share0
About Novelda
About Novelda Novelda AS is a privately held, R&D driven, sensor company based in Norway and specializing in nanoscale wireless low-power technology for ultra-high resolution impulse radar. XeThru Sensor Technology:
Novelda’s XeThru Impulse Radar is a complete CMOS radar system integrated on a single chip. This technology is used to implement a high-precision electromagnetic sensor for human vital sign monitoring, personal security, environmental monitoring, industrial/home automation and other novel sensor applications.
XeThru can improve the quality of life, and personal comfort and safety, by enabling non-intrusive sensors that collect relevant data while preserving full privacy. The technology combines all traditional sensor functions into one: it detects presence, distance, proximity, gestures and can also see through different materials. It can see through the wall into the next room, it can see into the ground, and it can also be hidden for aesthetic or tamperproof reasons.
Novelda provides both development kits and OEM modules to system developers worldwide.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1671
|
__label__cc
| 0.562874
| 0.437126
|
SAN JOSE SCORES THREE POWER PLAY GOALS, DEFEAT RAMPAGE 5-3
SAN JOSE, CA - The San Jose Barracuda (7-7-0-1) took down the San Antonio Rampage (11-6-0-1) at SAP Center on Wednesday night, scoring on three of seven power play opportunities to snap their previous 12-attempt streak without a score on the man advantage to win 5-3.
The Barracuda opened the scoring in the first on man advantage with the goal coming on the first of three power play opportunities for San Jose through the first twenty off the stick of Rourke Chartier (2), who snapped a shot past San Antonio netminder Sam Brittain at 6:20 from the left point. San Jose would hold the 1-0 lead going into the second period.
Both teams found offensive success in the second frame. San Antonio tied the game at 1-1 just 45 seconds into the second period when Brendan Ranford (2) sunk a short-side, top-shelf shot off an assist from Sam Blais. The Barracuda then scored twice during a five-minute power play, the first coming at the 3:16 mark with a shot on the near post from Jeremy Roy (2) for his second professional goal, coming uncovered to collect assists from Marcus Sorenson and Radim Simek, and the second coming on a John McCarthy (2) tip-in off a slap shot from Fitzgerald a little more than three minutes later. The Rampage would finish the second-period scoring barrage with a goal from A.J. Greer (4) to bring the score to 3-2 entering the final period.
The incessant scoring pace of the game continued throughout the third period with three additional goals coming in the final twenty minutes of play. San Antonio’s Nicolas Meloche (1) scored his first professional goal at the 6:54 mark, then a little over four minutes later San Jose’s Julius Bergman (1) added his first score of the year as well. The Barracuda put the nail in the coffin with an empty-net wrist shot from Filip Sandberg (5) with under a minute left to play to bring the final score to 5-3.
San Jose netminder Antoine Bibeau (4-3) earned the victory on the night with 27 saves on 30 shots, his first win against the Rampage on the year, while San Antonio’s Sam Brittain (0-1) took the loss in his first start of the season making 25 saves on 29 shots.
The Barracuda make their way down to Ontario for a one-game road trip to take on the Reign Friday night at 7 p.m. and will return home on Sunday to face the San Diego Gulls at SAP Center in an afternoon showdown at 3 p.m. Tickets start at just $10 and are available for purchase at SJBarracuda.com/tickets.
← SAN JOSE SCORES 4 IN THE THIRD PERIOD, BEAT GULLS 5-3REIGN SCORE 3 GOALS IN THIRD PERIOD, WIN 4-1 (Photos) →
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1678
|
__label__cc
| 0.704192
| 0.295808
|
There's so much about Dolly Parton that every female artist should look to, whether it's reading her quotes or reading her interviews or going to one of her live shows. She's been such an amazing example to every female songwriter out there.
Artist · Live · Reading
Generally, when a record label suggests album ideas for you, you smile politely, and then proceed to shoot it down, because it's never what you as an artist feel is right for you.
Only an artist can interpret the meaning of life.
I love Adele. Adele is my favorite artist. She's British. She's funny. She's just an amazing, incredible voice, and I love to sing as well.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1681
|
__label__cc
| 0.607094
| 0.392906
|
Vancouver, Canada – December 18, 2017 - Aztec Minerals Corp. (AZT: TSX-V, OTCQB: AZZTF) (“Aztec”) announces it has signed an option agreement with Baroyeca Gold & Silver (and its US subsidiaries Tombstone Gold & Silver Inc. and Tombstone Resources Inc., collectively “Baroyeca”) to acquire a 75% interest in a package of mineral properties (the “Properties”) containing many of the historic silver mining properties in the famous Tombstone mining district, Cochise County, Arizona. http://www.aztecminerals.com/_resources/1-District-Map.jpg
The Properties include the historic Contention Mine and surrounding patented claims totalling 404 acres (163.5 hectares) with an additional 24 acres (9.7 hectares) of unpatented claims. http://www.aztecminerals.com/_resources/2-Tombstone-Land-and-Mines.jpg. Aztec can acquire the 75% interest by spending an aggregate of CAD$1,000,000 on exploration, making an aggregate of CAD$100,000 in cash payments, and issuing an aggregate of 1,000,000 Aztec common shares to Baroyeca over a 3 year period, as follows:
Exploration Expenditures Cash Payments Share Issuances
On signing $Nil $10,000 $Nil
Year 1 $50,000 $30,000 100,000
Year 2 $300,000 $30,000 300,000
Total $1,000,000 $100,000 1,000,000
The Tombstone Mining District, located 65 miles southeast of Tucson, Arizona and accessed by State Highway 80, is well known for its high grade, oxidized, carbonate replacement deposits (“CRD”) of silver-gold-lead mineralization hosted in veins, mantos, pipes and disseminated orebodies. The original silver discovery was in 1877 and historic production in the district from 1878 to 1939 is reported at 32 million ounces silver from 1.5 million tons averaging 21.3 ounces per ton, 240,000 ounces gold, 65 million pounds lead, 2.5 million pounds copper and 1.1 million pounds zinc.
Some of the richest production in the district was from the Grand Central and Contention Mines, both located on the Baroyeca properties. Historic underground oxide ore grades in the district reportedly averaged 26 oz per ton (“opT”), equal to 892 grams per tonne (“gpt”), silver, 0.21 opT (7.2 gpt) gold and 2.25% lead. Sporadic underground mining continued until 1980, when open pit, heap leach mining commenced at the Contention Pit. The Contention Pit operated until 1985 with two brief attempts to restart the mine in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. Open pit, heap leach mine production totaled around 1.86 million tons, grading 1.25 opT silver and 0.02 opT gold, for metal production of approximately 1.1 million oz silver and 20,000 oz gold. Although there are several reports about the historic production from the district and the Baroyeca Properties, Aztec has not verified these historic results and is not relying on them. The main source of historical information referred to herein is the Baroyeca NI 43-101 report on the Properties by Linda Caron dated August 23, 2011. Historical production grades are not an indication of existing mineral resources or grades of any existing mineral deposits.
In the 1990’s, the properties underwent two shallow RC drill programs, primarily near the Contention Pit. USMX drilled 20,040 feet (6,108 meters) in 63 drill holes in 1993 and MPV Capital drilled 6,125 feet (1,867 meters) in 14 holes in 1994. One of USMX’s better drill intercepts assayed 0.062 opT (2.1 gpt) gold and 1.23 opT 42.2 gpt) silver over 125 feet in length in hole TR8 and one of MPV’s better drill intercepts returned 0.176 opT (6.0 gpt) gold and 6.39 opT (219 gpt) silver over 25 feet (7.6 meters). Although there are several reports about the historic exploration results on the properties, Aztec has not verified these historic results and is not relying on them. Aztec does not have any information on the quality assurance or quality control measures taken in connection with these historical exploration results, or other exploration or testing details regarding these results.
The option agreement with Baroyeca remains subject to certain conditions precedent, including the approval of the TSX Venture Exchange.
Aztec Minerals CEO Joey Wilkins commented, “Tombstone adds a second district-scale exploration project to our property portfolio. We are acquiring these Tombstone properties because we see an entire district with a prolific history of small scale, high-grade mining and a significant lack of modern exploration to discover new orebodies. We have identified several shallow oxide and deeper sulphide precious and base metal exploration targets in the Property, including in and around the Contention Pit.
“We believe the Baroyeca Properties have substantial untapped potential, especially below the water table around 600 feet deep, because that is where the oxide ores stopped and sulfide ores could start. CRD deposits are typically related to granitic intrusions where the source of gold-silver mineralization could be a porphyry type system. We will take a systematic approach to exploring the properties by digitizing all historic work, evaluating available data on small historic gold-silver deposits, and completing detailed surface work such as structural and alteration mapping, geochemical sampling and geophysical surveying followed by drilling.”
Joey Wilkins, B.Sc., P.Geo., is the Qualified Person who reviewed the historic data, visited the property and approved the technical disclosures in this news release.
About Aztec Minerals – Aztec is a mineral exploration company focused on the discovery of large porphyry gold-copper deposits in the Americas. Our first project and core asset is the prospective Cervantes gold-copper property in Sonora, Mexico. Aztec’s shares trade on the TSX-V stock exchange under the symbol AZT and on the OTCQB under the symbol AZZTF.
This news release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. Such forward?looking statements and information herein include but are not limited to statements regarding Aztec’s anticipated performance in 2017 and the future, including the exercise of the option on the Tombstone properties, the planned exploration activities on the Tombstone properties and the timing and results of various activities. The Company does not intend to, and does not assume any obligation to update such forward-looking statements or information, other than as required by applicable law.
Forward-looking statements or information involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of Aztec and its operations to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such statements. Such factors include, among others, changes in national and local governments, legislation, taxation, controls, regulations and political or economic developments in Canada and the United States; financial risks due to precious and base metals prices, operating or technical difficulties in mineral exploration, development and mining activities; risks and hazards of mineral exploration, development and mining; the speculative nature of mineral exploration and development, risks in obtaining necessary licenses and permits, and challenges to the Company’s title to properties.
Forward-looking statements are based on assumptions management believes to be reasonable, including but not limited to the continued operation of the Company’s exploration operations, no material adverse change in the market price of commodities, and such other assumptions and factors as set out herein. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements or information, there may be other factors that cause results to be materially different from those anticipated, described, estimated, assessed or intended. There can be no assurance that any forward-looking statements or information will prove to be accurate as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements or information. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1684
|
__label__wiki
| 0.862409
| 0.862409
|
3 – First Steps Toward Realization
By the mid-1930s microfilm technology improved to the point where librarians and archivists with an experimental bent were embarking on microphotographic projects. The first operations based on the 1926 ideas of Slosson and Davis were launched. In 1935, with the support of a grant from the American Chemical Foundation, Davis could start up Science Service’s own documentation activities, initiate development of microphotographic equipment, and take over microfilm-based service operations. His activities brought him in contact with the library and archival community, while the two meetings mentioned in chapter 21 broadened his vision and exposed him to the breadth of ideas in documentation.
Davis’s later references to 1926 as the beginning of Science Service or ADI’s documentation activities may have been exaggerated but not entirely unjustified, as his documentation projects were outgrowths of the ideas described at that time. The first project to come to fruition started spontaneously with Davis as a catalyst rather than as a participant — perhaps foretelling the role he was to play in U.S. documentation. In November 1934, at one of Davis’s Cosmos Club luncheons, Atherton Seidell, Lieutenant Rupert Draeger, and Claribel R. Barnett, librarian of the Library of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA library), were among the guests invited to discuss film copying of documents. Seidell was a chemist who worked at the National Institutes of Health and, later, in the Army Medical Library. While working on critical temperature tables, he had become interested in the use of microfilm and was devising a microfilm reader with one of his French colleagues. In later years he supported microfilm projects in France and in the United States from his own funds. Draeger, an inventive career navy physician attached to the U.S. Naval Medical School, started to experiment with microphotography when he realized
First Steps Toward Realization 42
that voluminous medical books — even an entire medical library — when recorded on microfilm, could be carried aboard ships or transported to remote navy bases.
At this Cosmos Club luncheon Draeger described the microphotographic equipment on which he was working and showed film rolls of books he had copied. When Seidell suggested that Draeger’s camera be installed at the USDA library to start a copying service, Barnett agreed at once. She made the necessary administrative arrangements; Draeger and Seidell contributed the equipment, film, and chemicals. The first film copies were dispatched only ten days after the Cosmos Club meeting.1
The objective of the service was to reduce the number of interlibrary loans and to “extend the use of the resources of the Library to isolated scientific workers without library facilities.”2 The library had been sending facsimile copies as a substitute for interlibrary loans for more than twenty years. A few major libraries in the country had established microfilm laboratories and were copying materials from their own collections. But this operation, which the founders decided to call Bibliofilm Service, was more far reaching. It went outside the USDA library’s collection, if necessary, to track down documents, microfilm them, and deliver them to the user.
The service was started “on enthusiasm, cooperation and hope,” as no funds were available to sustain it. Charges were kept at a minimum: one cent per page for microfilm copies and five cents per page for photoprints, even if the library had to make a special effort to obtain the document from outside sources. The service was not publicized widely because the equipment could not handle large volumes and, with no better reading devices on the market, users had to struggle with their “dissecting microscopes, movie or slide film projectors or hand lenses” to read microfilm. Still, within half a year, ninety different institutions and individuals had used the service and “over 150,000 pages had been run through the camera”; by the end of the first year, twice that number had been reproduced.
Despite technical difficulties and inadequate reading devices, small projects were proliferating in libraries. Several institutions, such as the National Archives, the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the National Bureau of Standards, and the ACLS, also became interested in microphotography for their own purposes. Their staffs and the staff of the libraries had to contend with all the problems typical of new technologies: the total absence of standards, unreliable or untested equipment, inexperienced operating staff, and uneven quality of products. Introducing a technology alien to the organization brought with it management and staffing problems. In addition, libraries were inexperienced in charging for the invisible operating costs and overhead expenses.
Thus, microfilm activities turned out to be more costly to the organizations and more stressful for their staff than expected.3
A GRANT FOR DOCUMENTATION ACTIVITIES
In the summer of 1935, a grant from the American Chemical Foundation at long last enabled Davis to embark on his own documentation projects. Francis P. Garvan, president of the foundation, donated $15,000 — about $135,000 in 1990 dollars — to the Documentation Institute of Science Service (DISS). The Chemical Foundation, which administered the German patents seized during World War I, strengthened the fledgling U.S. chemical industry and used its income to support chemical research and education. In the mid-1930s, as the patent rights started to run out and the foundation’s income dwindled, Garvan, a wealthy man in his own right, supplemented the grants from his private funds. He promoted science in imaginative ways: arranging to distribute Slosson’s book on chemistry and other popular science literature to high schools; establishing an award to honor and encourage women chemists; and persuading President Roosevelt to establish a Science Advisory Board in 1933 to bring together scientists and the government,4 and now, funding new approaches to scientific documentation.
Davis’s news announcements about the grant were deliberately ambiguous, stating that “the Documentation Institute” (DISS) had become a division of Science
Service and would “replace the tentative name,” Scientific Information Institute. Albeit the SII, discussed in the previous chapter, was just a proposal on paper, Davis at times referred to it as if it were a functioning entity. The new name, Davis announced, “will allow operation in the fields of publication and bibliography, and the development of mechanisms needed for photographic, microphotographic and other methods of reproduction and for the bibliographic scheme projected.” The DISS would not be limited to natural sciences and would “lend its aid in the future. . . to other fields of intellectual endeavor.”5
Documentation was used in the name because the term “has found international usage (as Institut International de Documentation) and includes all phases of issuance, use and interchange of recorded information,” such as publication, classification, and bibliography. Another advantage of this term, Davis explained, was that “it [did] not have wide U.S.A. usage in any restricted sense” — which later proved to be somewhat of a disadvantage as well. To explain the term, Davis cited the definition from IID’s letterhead: “DOCUMENTER c’est reunir, classer et distribuer des documents de tout genre dans
tous les domaines de l’activite humaine. (Documentation is the assembling, classification and distribution of documents of all sorts in all fields of human activity.)”
Davis charged ahead with his plans, publicized his projects, and sought the opinion of established leaders. His meetings at the Cosmos Club “for thinking aloud” now regularly included librarians and archivists, in addition to the surgeon general of the U.S. Navy, directors of national institutions and government bureaus, members of the President’s Science Advisory Board, and other influential scientists.
Davis’s plans were ambitious, appropriate for a growing institution but too ambitious for his small organization. Developing equipment that would enhance the use of microfilm had a high priority and included designs for a microfilm camera; development and production of a projection printer and a reading machine; and “investigation of photographic emulsions, films, papers, etc.” to be pursued under the direction of Draeger.6 Even in the 1930s, when the cost of technological development was much lower than in the last quarter of the twentieth century, the available funds may have allowed experimentation but were not sufficient for commercialization of equipment or chemicals.
Other DISS goals included publication of original papers on microfilm, enlargement of the Bibliofilm Service, and a plethora of other projects: studies of bibliography in general, the compilation of a bibliography for science, language problems in scientific publication and bibliography, the classification of science, cooperation with social science fields, copyright, standardization of films, equipment for automatic retrieval of “photographically recorded” items, microphotographic publication of periodicals, lithography, the bibliography of microphotography, and duplication and photocopying methods in general.
Even before he concluded the agreement with Garvan in July 1935, Davis was making arrangements for Draeger to continue the development of equipment and microphotographic techniques and the testing of emulsions he had begun at the Naval Medical School. Draeger, an ingenious designer, worked with unpredictable degrees of intensity on developing microphotographic equipment while serving as a navy physician. He received only his navy salary, but several organizations supported his experimental work. Among these organizations were the Naval Medical School, the Rockefeller Foundation (which funded him both directly and indirectly through the ACLS or ALA) and later the Department of Agriculture, the Library of Congress, and the Bureau of the Census, which provided the space to build the equipment.
In the summer of 1935, Davis explored the concept of publishing scientific journals on microfilm with Thomas Midgley, Jr., chairman
of the board of the American Chemical Society (ACS). The idea appealed to Midgley. He had been disturbed that journal editors were bringing “pressure on authors for brevity” to reduce publication costs, allowing less and less space for theorizing and speculation, which, in turn, would bring about the stagnation of science. He thought that a periodical such as the Journal of Physical Chemistry published on microfilm could provide an arena for specialists to exchange “speculative thought.” Anticipating microfiche as a medium for journals, Davis performed cost estimates based on three-by-five inch film. But with only a small staff and considerable responsibilities at Science Service, he did not develop the project further.7
While Davis was energetically working on the program for DISS, a crisis was brewing in the executive committee of Science Service. Although he had widely publicized the 1933 proposal for a Scientific Information Institute and had kept W. H. Howell, chairman of the committee, abreast of his ideas, Davis had not mentioned the SII in his terse reports for the board of trustees of Science Service or in his discussions with the executive committee. Thus, when the Chemical Foundation awarded a grant to the Documentation Institute of Science Service, which was not even an official entity of the organization, some trustees were caught by surprise.
J. McKeen Cattell, editor of Science and past president of Science Service, was furious: the “grandiose” proposals for the DISS were “all right for an irresponsible amateur,” he wrote to Howell, “but I do not understand how Science Service can be involved overnight in their endorsement and in a futile gesture toward putting opium dreams in effect.”8 While it was “desirable to develop microphotographic methods,” it was, however, more appropriate for Kodak or for the specialist at the Bureau of Standards to do so. The grant of $15,000 for Draeger’s work was useful but could not carry development very far. Furthermore, Cattell, a staunch advocate of government-supported research, objected to accepting the Chemical Foundation’s “stolen” money derived from German patents seized during the war, “stained with blood and national dishonor.”
The executive committee voted to accept the grant for the support of Draeger’s work, Cattell wrote to Howell, but “we committed ourselves in no way to any plan for the distribution of microphotographic copies of manuscripts or printed material, still less to any scheme of publication or bibliography.” Cattell was disturbed that Davis has been spending “a large part of his time in propaganda committing Science Service to these projects” and was concerned that the objectives of Science Service might be fundamentally changed. Cattell did not object to continuing development work on microphotographic equipment until the Chemical Foundation funds were depleted, but
he stressed that such development work was not Science Service’s task. He thought Garvan should be notified that Science Service had no projects for scientific publication and bibliography, “least of all those castles in the air built up by Mr. Davis’s description” of the SIT.
Cattell considered SIT not so much utopian, as “SILLI.” He had long experience with bibliographic publication: “I initiated the Psychological Index (which, with the Psychological Abstracts that have followed, has been successful) .. . and have taken part in the plans and difficulties of the Concilium Bibliographicum, the Catalogue of the Royal Society and Biological Abstracts.” The three undertakings, he wrote, ”have been under the best of auspices, but all have failed owing to the great cost and complications.” What chance would there be for Davis’s far more grandiose schemes to succeed? “It is like a mouse trying to bite off more than a hippopotamus can chew.”
Howell disagreed. He had given his general approval for those projects and considered the SIT project a worthwhile experiment “along the lines of the Concilium Bibliographicum except for the introduction of the methods of microphotographic reduction.” From a theoretical point of view the idea seemed more promising “than the method of printing as illustrated by the International Scientific Catalogue,” which failed because its “bulk, expense and delay in publication brought it to an end.” Even if the Catalogue project were revived with adequate financial support, Howell thought, “it could not overcome these intrinsic difficulties in a way to make it useful to scientific workers.” 9
Davis’s concept was utopian, but “not silly or impossible,” wrote Howell, and without money for the projects, the plans would not be carried out in the immediate future. Howell was in favor of trying out Bibliofilm Service, as well as creating an auxiliary publication scheme, even though it “may not take, not because of financial difficulties but more likely because the pride of authors may make them unwilling to be read only by the select and interested.” He believed that, as a result, technical journals, at some time, “may be limited to the publication of short papers and long abstracts.” He was in favor of Science Service “taking the responsibility of inaugurating these movements” if funds could be obtained from outside sources but was ready to defer to the decision of the executive committee on the fate of the project. Davis had made a commitment only to accept funds from the Chemical Foundation and establish a link with the U.S. Naval Medical School, although, admittedly, he had widely discussed “by means of conferences and in writing” the feasibility of establishing a copying and publication service under Science Service auspices.
Howell informed Davis at once about Cattell’s “long and disturbing letter” and advised Davis “to discontinue the issue of documents,” to
“postpone conferences” on documentation projects, and to “push as hard as possible on the preparatory work and apparatus under Draeger; so that at the scheduled meeting of the Exec. Corn. in October there may be enough to present in the way of completed methods to convince the Committee, including Cattell, that the beginning of publication is feasible and desirable.” If Davis proceeded to make commitments in the name of Science Service, Howell advised, there would be “an active conflict” in the board of trustees regarding the management of the organization. “If the action should be adverse. . . I should, of course, withdraw and you might be forced to consider the same step.10
Shortly after he received Howell’s letter, Davis sailed for Europe to attend the IID Congress in Copenhagen. Undeterred by the controversy brewing at home, Davis threw himself into the activities of the congress and presented his proposal on the SII.
By the time the meeting of the executive committee of Science Service was called to order in October, the lines were drawn. McKeen Cattell still thought it absurd for Davis and Draeger to compete with Kodak, opposed Science Service’s involvement “in projects so remote from the objects for which it was founded,” and felt that the activities ought to be transferred “to a special committee or board of experts that will assume responsibility for commitments in which Science Service has become involved.”11Other members of the board of trustees may not have objected as forcefully as Cattell, but they also had reservations about Science Service moving into areas outside its original objectives.
Davis had his ducks in a row by the time of the executive committee meeting. Draeger was ready to demonstrate the reading machine he had “designed and structured” in the previous two months, as well as a camera for microphotography. Before the meeting Davis visited the director of research of Eastman Kodak, the largest camera manufacturer in the country. According to C. E. K. Mees, Kodak’s primary interest in developing cameras was to sell film and he agreed that their camera was less advanced than the book-reading camera Draeger was developing.12
The executive committee finally voted that “the ordinary resources of Science Service shall not be used“ to carry out the documentation activities Davis had proposed. After considerable debate, the committee authorized the Documentation Division (DDSS) to operate the Bibliofilm Service in the USDA library and publish “by microphotographic film and projection prints of manuscripts, documents, scientific records and other material in cooperation with journals, societies, universities and institutions conducting research pursuits” between January 1, 1936, and March 31, 1937.13
Davis was thus free to take over the Bibliofilm Service, start the Auxiliary Publication Service, and support Draeger’s work. But the new documentation division also had to stand on its own financially — and its lifespan was restricted to fifteen months.
THE DOCUMENTATION DIVISION OF SCIENCE SERVICE
After the stormy executive committee meeting in October, Davis concentrated on development of services, work on microphotographic equipment, and the conceptual design of a scientific bibliography on microfilm. He had not given up the notion of the Scientific Information Institute, however, and directed the activities of the DDSS in such a way that they could eventually become modules of an SIT organization.
Davis was thus As Davis reviewed DDSS activities for Garvan in December 1936, he was pleased to report that the operation, development, and research accomplished under the initial $15,000 and a subsequent $5,000 grant had “more than any other factor developed the tool of microphotographic duplication.” He wrote to Garvan that the Bibliofilm Service and Auxiliary Publication Service served two major purposes: to “unlock the written literature” and to “break the log jam of scholarly publications.”14
These and other well-turned phrases recurred like repetitive musical themes in his letters, reports, and general publicity for the services.
Unlocking the Written Literature
Davis was thus As part of a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Science Service took over operation of Bibliofilm Service as of January 1, 1936. The USDA contributed the laboratory space, the services of a technician and the library work needed to carry out Bibliofilm operations.15
The cause for this changeover is not documented, and one can only speculate whether Barnett and Davis had an early understanding that Science Service would take over operations as soon as feasible, that the Bibliofilm activities were overtaxing the resources of the USDA library, or possibly, that Davis persuaded Barnett to turn over operations to Science Service.
At a time when only a few institutions in the country had laboratories for microfilm copying and the National Union Catalog was not yet available to help locate books or journals, Bibliofilm Service opened up the rich resources of Washington libraries and government bureaus and offered a central facility through which
scholars and scientists were able to gain much easier access to the materials needed for their research.
Scientific editors were elated by the announcement of the service. The response of Colin G. Bliss, president of Engineering Index, Inc., was typical. Albeit Engineering Index was indexing and annotating “some two thousand magazines, covering all the technical literature of the world,” few corporations had access to such a wide variety of journals. Now Bibliofilm Service would make it possible for people to follow up and read the articles to which Engineering Index had alerted them.16
Davis always spoke in glowing terms about the operation at the USDA library, which, in 1935-36, was only a pioneering effort with makeshift equipment and served only a limited group of scholars and scientists. Davis soon became convinced of the need for not one node but a centralized network of bibliofilm services with all major libraries in the country participating. He soon began to take steps to develop a formal network, starting with the Washington, D.C., area.
A New Publication Service
The Auxiliary Publication Service was inaugurated at the beginning of 1936, a decade after Slosson and Davis described the concept in their “Plan for Film Record.” Despite the opposition he encountered to SII, Davis hoped that eventually the Auxiliary Publication Service could become part of the model institute he had proposed a few years before 17
The objective of the Auxiliary Publication Service was to make available to “the intellectual worker” for an unlimited time period “all the material that should be recorded.” In essence it was a central depository of manuscripts that were too voluminous, highly specialized, “or not of sufficient general interest. . . to be published under existing publishing conditions.” The existence of these works would be announced in the appropriate specialty journals, the documents reproduced on demand, and, just like Bibliofilm Service materials, delivered to the users who had requested them. This service would, in Davis’s oft-repeated words, provide a “relief for crowded journals,” allowing editors to publish shorter and livelier articles or abstracts.18 Science editors liked the idea; some were enthusiastic. Within a few months after the service was started, forty-three editors indicated their willingness to cooperate with auxiliary publications.
Chemical Abstracts was the first abstracting service to participate. Its highly respected editor, E. J. Crane, who became a strong supporter of Davis, thought the idea of auxiliary publication very important.
Editorial Questions
The ALA had rejected Binkley’s first plan for alternate scholarly publications just a few years earlier, because its advisory committee did not believe authors could prepare acceptable copy. Davis did not consider this an important issue in the context of the Auxiliary Publication Service. In his view, careful editing was justified for journals of large circulation serving many readers, but the highly technical and detailed material likely to be submitted for auxiliary publication would be read by very few people and thus did not warrant rigorous editing or even perfect typing.19
Validating Publication on Microfilm
While Davis dismissed the editorial question lightly, he took steps to ensure that material submitted to the Auxiliary Publication Service and typically distributed only on microfilm would have validity in the scientific community. After all, scientific publication is more than a news announcement: to get full recognition, a discovery or new idea must be accepted by an authors’ peers, their intellectual community. In case of parallel discoveries, pinpointing priority is especially important.20
As soon as the service started Davis made two important inquiries. First, he asked an examiner of the U.S. Patent Office to evaluate the concept of publication on microfilm. The examiner concluded that microphotographic publications did indeed fall into the category of writings and printed publication;thus the priority for authors of such publications would be recognized.
Second, in the spring of 1936, Davis approached the respected Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia to find out “whether the auxiliary method of publication really constitutes publication and would be acceptable by the international scientific community.” He pointed out that an examiner of the Patent Office had looked into the legal aspects of this mode of publication and that the National Bureau of Standards estimated the stability of microfilm to be as good as the best rag paper — more enduring than the paper on which most journals were printed.21
But the council of the academy was not easily swayed. Whether or not a publication is valid cannot be determined by the laws of the United States alone, they maintained. “The definition of this term is based upon international understandings of practical scientific men who formulate their own rules as to what they will accept as publication.”22 The secretary of the academy in Philadelphia, James A. G. Rehn, wrote to Davis that the consensus among scientific administrators throughout the country was that the choice of medium was less important than “immediate distribution” of the
publication. The date of the publication was based on the date of distribution, and if the paper was not “immediately readable . . . publication was not achieved.”23 Davis eventually suggested that microfilm copies could be distributed to a specified number of places throughout the world to accomplish official “publication”; this Rehn did not reject out of hand. No further action followed. Three years later, publicity for the Auxiliary Publication Service stated unequivocally that through this service “[priority in any paper can be further established by its immediate issuance.”24
Bibliography on Microfilm
Davis had not relinquished the idea of a scientific bibliography on microfilm, and he used the Chemical Foundation grant to carry out planning for such a project. In the summer of 1935, Davis, his wife Helen Miles Davis, and Draeger made detailed plans. Davis and Draeger described some of their concepts of necessary technical developments, mentioned in the previous chapter, and Helen Davis developed a plan for a bibliographic department of DISS.
Helen Davis suggested that the bibliographic department would accumulate and classify a complete collection of abstracts, of about two hundred words each, of all scientific articles ever printed. By using the automated information processing equipment mentioned earlier, the abstracts could then be retrieved by subject, date, or author. She was concerned that documents be classified properly. She was aware of the need for cross-references and the problem of “overlapping fields,” subject areas where, for instance, medicine and chemistry overlapped. She realized, however, that including all collections from the past in such a bibliography was an ideal that could not be achieved and suggested therefore to give current literature higher priority.
Watson Davis believed that “cooperation between scientists of various nations as well as various groups of scientists within nations” was essential but understood that cooperation alone was not sufficient to carry out the DDSS projects. “The necessity of international cooperation in scientific bibliography had long been realized, in theory at least” and had been attempted in a few cases. These attempts had been unsuccessful, Davis maintained, because of “the difficulty of bringing together the bibliography desired” and because of the method of distribution.25
As the Davises were progressing with plans for a world bibliography of science, Watson Davis stayed in close contact with the scientific community about the issues involved. They were far removed,
however, from the community of librarians and bibliographers. Possibly with a touch of chauvinism, Davis did not attempt to find out how librarians viewed the issues or the problems they encountered with existing bibliographies.
Development of Equipment
Of utmost importance in Davis’s view was the development of a technical infrastructure for the various DDSS projects: mechanisms for photocopying library materials, for improving the film itself, and for reading microfilm. If appropriate equipment was not available, the grand plans for a scientific bibliography would have to remain dreams, and the other projects could only hobble along. Because of Lieutenant Draeger’s unique capabilities, Davis was eager to engage him in DDSS projects.
Cattell and others understood that only large companies were in the position to develop the necessary equipment for microphotography. At the time some of the most forward-looking librarians and archivists, thwarted in their efforts to harness the promises of microfilm technology, had come to the conclusion that, if microfilm were to fulfil its potential as a tool for research workers, the equipment would have to be developed on a not-for-profit basis.26
Davis, having had no response from industry in the past, was eager to take on the challenge. He also had as his model a successful company set up by Frederick Cotrell that was funneling back money earned by the precipitron Cotrell had invented to support research and development on a non-profit basis. Davis participated in the discussions when Cottrell set up a second, similar company, which, however, failed within a few years.27
Despite opposition from several members of the board of trustees, Davis’s determination prevailed: for a brief period between July 1935 and March 1937 when the ADI was organized, development of equipment was part of Science Service’s documentation activities, symbolizing perhaps the eagerness of librarians and archivists to extend services to their users, and of scientists and scholars to gain access to the literature.
Draeger applied for twelve patents on aspects of equipment he developed in 1935-36, which were later issued. Institutions eager to move ahead on their own microfilm projects were interested in the cameras and reading machines. But Draeger’s work was progressing in spurts. By 1936, he had built two cameras and was also working on five microfilm cameras of new design. Thus sale of Draeger’s equipment could not support further technical development.
The Science Service project was, nonetheless, valuable. By building and publicizing the need for microfilm equipment when commercial firms were not yet ready to take the risk, the DDSS under Davis’s direction demonstrated the feasibility of the various uses of microfilm in documentation. Furthermore, using Draeger’s cameras, several institutions became first users of the technology — so important for development. These microfilm demonstrations showed sufficient promise for commercial firms to enter this risky field and manufacture the equipment for microphotographic work.
A MICROFILM SYMPOSIUM
The first American microfilm symposium was held at the 1936 ALA conference in Richmond, Virginia. Davis and Binkley organized the meeting, which provided a consolidated picture of microfilm activities in the country and created a momentum that for the first time pulled together the small group sharing this interest. The symposium was cosponsored by five divisions of the ALA, as well as the Bibliographical Society of America, the Joint Committee, the National Bureau of Standards, and the Documentation Division of Science Service. “The country’s foremost experts, in and out of the profession, from educational and commercial ranks alike” reported on “the situation of this revolutionary medium down to the minute for library folk,” wrote Llewellyn Raney. Presentations during the full-day meeting ranged from the ideal camera (Binkley); discussion of films, paper, and emulsions (Draeger); criteria for measuring the effectiveness of reading devices (Vernon Tate of the National Archives); and the microfilming of newspapers (C. Z. Case of Eastman Kodak) to the problems of specification and standards and consideration of a project to provide a revolving fund for microfilming significant documents (Keyes Metcalf, New York Public Library) 28
The reports practically erupt with excitement, conveying a sense that this was the start of a major movement. The ALA established a Committee on Photographic Reproduction as a result of this intensive meeting. The committee, however, was not in the mainstream of ALA activities, and Peggy Sullivan, for example, who has examined the history of the ALA during this period, does not even mention the committee or interest in microfilm activity.29 But the committee provided the focal point for microfilm activities within ALA and, a year later, vied with the ADI in its attempt to establish the first U.S. journal on documentation — and prevailed.
Planning the various projects described in this chapter brought groups into contact that would not otherwise have worked together.
These included archivists, librarians, and scientific editors and administrators. Because of Davis’s recognized expertise in microfilm duplication, archival and scholarly administrators called on him for advice, and he was generous in responding to their requests. With the spiraling interest of librarians, the greater involvement of archivists in microphotographic reproduction, and the concern of the scholarly and scientific community about bibliography and exploration of alternate publication channels, Davis believed that the stage was set for an independent information institute.
1. Watson Davis, “Microphotographic Duplication in the Service of Science,” Science
83 (1 May 1936): 402-4.
2. Claribel R. Barnett, “The Bibliofilm Service: A Review of its Past Work and an Announcement Regarding its Future Plans and Arrangements,” Agricultural Library Notes 11 (January 1936):55 (Mimeographed). Cited also in the paragraph below.
3. Keyes D. Metcalf, “Proposal for Reproduction of Research Material on Film,” New York, 13 August 1935 (Carbon), p. 1, SA.
4. Kenneth M. Reese, “American Chemical Society, the First 100 Years,” Chemical Engineering News, (6 April 1976): 26; Lewis E. Auerbach, “Scientists in the New Deal: A Pre-war Episode in the Relations between Science and Government in the United States,”
Minerva 3 (Summer 1964):457; and “Garvan Dead, Who’ll Carry On?”
Business Week (27 November 1937): 42-43.
5. “Regarding the Name: Documentation Institute”, Doc. 45, Washington, D.C., DISS, 11 July 1935 (Mimeographed), SA. Cited also in the paragraph below.
6. “Projects of the Documentation Institute of Science Service as of July 1935,” DISS Doc. 65, 30 July 1935 (Mimeographed), SA. Cited also in the paragraph below.
7. Watson Davis and R. H. Draeger, “Project for Microphotographic Publication of Periodicals,” Doc. 46, Washington, D.C., DISS, 11 July 1935 (Mimeographed), SA. The views of Thomas Midgley, Jr., are discussed in his “Memorandum of Remarks of Thomas Midgley Jr. to Watson Davis and Dr. R. H. Draeger, July 9, 1935,” DISS. Doc. 67,31 July 1935 (Mimeographed), SA. When scientists and two founding agencies were making plans in the 1950s to publish Wildlife Disease, the first U.S. periodical on microfilm, all believed that the concept was original (Gerald Sophar, interview with author, Washington, D.C., 15 February 1978).
8. J. McKeen Cattell to W.H. Howell (August 1935) SA, cited also in the next three paragraphs.
9. Citations through the next two paragraphs are from the letter, Howell to Cattell, Chebaugue, Maine, 19 August 1935, SA.
10. Howell to Davis, Chebaugue Island, Maine, 18 August 1935, SA. First Steps Toward Realization 55
11. J. McKeen Cattell, “Memorandum for Members of the Executive Committee of Science Service,” 30 August 1935 (Garrison, N.Y.), SA.
12. Watson Davis, Memorandum, “Conference between Dr. C. E. K. Mees, Director of Research, Eastman Kodak Co., Dr. R. H. Draeger and Watson Davis, Oct. 11, 1935,” DDSS Doc. 96, 24 October 1935 (Mimeographed), 2 pp., SA. Marked “For use of trustees and collaborators only.”
13. Minutes of the Meeting of the Executive Committee of Science Service, Washington, D.C., Oct. 26, 1935“ (Carbon), SA.
14. Watson Davis to Francis P. Garvan, ”Report on Operation of Documentation Division under Chemical Foundation Grants,“ 16 December 1936 (Carbon), 4 pp, SA.
15. Barnett, ”The Bibliofilm Service,“ 58 (see n. 2).
16. Comments on Bibliofilm Service and Auxiliary Publication Service of Science Service’s Documentation Division,” DDSS Doc. 176, 18 May 1936 (Mimeographed), p. 2, SA.
17. Watson Davis to W. H. Howell, “Information Memorandum on Progress of Science Service,” 15 January 1936 (Mimeographed), SA; Davis to W. W. Buffum, 21 January 1935 (Carbon), SA; and Davis, “Project for Publication of Scientific Papers and Monographs that Can Not Now Secure Prompt and Complete Issuance,” 20 June 1935 (Washington, D.C., Mimeographed), SA.
18. Watson Davis, “Microfilm — New Tool for Intelligence, Address to the Special Libraries Association, Pittsburgh, 8 June 1938” (Mimeographed), SA; and Davis to Garvan, “Report,” December 1936, p. 2 (see n. 14).
19. Watson Davis to H. E. Howe, 25 July 1935 (Carbon) p. 2, SA.
20. Daniel J. Boorstin, The Discoverers: A History of Man’s Search to Know His World and Himself; (New York: Random House, 1983), 413-17.
21. Watson Davis to James A. G. Rehn, 14 May 1936 (Carbon), SA.
22. James A. G. Rehn to Watson Davis, 18 May 1936 (Typed), SA.
23 Rehn to Davis, 1 June 1936 (Typed), SA.
24. Bibliofilm Service — A General Description,“ p. 3.
25. Watson Davis, ”Activities of Science Service in Scientific Documentation,“ DDSS Doc. 72, 2d ed., 10 February 1936 (Mimeographed) 7-8, 8A.
26. Watson Davis to W. W. Buffum, 21 June 1935 (Carbon), 2 pp., SA; and Vernon D. Tate, interview with author, Annapolis, Md., 5 July 1977.
27. Frank Cameron, Cottrell, Samaritan of Science (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1952).
28. M. Llewellyn Raney, ”Microphotography at Richmond,“ Library Journal 61 (1 May 1936):368, and ”Microphotography Symposium,“ ALA Bulletin 30 (1936):719-23; and American Library Association, Microphotography for Libraries: Papers Presented at the 1936 Conference of the American Library Association, ed. M. Llewellyn Raney (Chicago: American Library Association, 1936), the first book published on microphotography in the United States. Details of the project Metcalf proposed can be found in his ”Proposal for Reproduction of Research Material“ (see n. 3).
29. Peggy Ann Sullivan, Carl Milam and the American Library Association (New York: H. W. Wilson, 1976), 131.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1686
|
__label__wiki
| 0.588245
| 0.588245
|
Result of the research : 'diversity'
Gèlèdè Mask, Yoruba, Nigeria
€ 12,000.00
Gelede mask, Yoruba, Nigeria
ROBBINS M. Warren - Robert H. Simmons et Richard Walters
Relié: 240 pages - Editeur: Schiffer Publishing (juillet 2007) - Langue: Anglais
Descrizione libro:
A comprehensive introduction to the vast range of tribal sculpture from Africa is presented in this photographic survey. Ashanti fertility dolls, Bambara dance headpieces, Bachokwe staff heads, and Bakuba boxes are included in 347 works from Senegal to the Congo regions, Mali to Sierra Leone. This book provides a tremendous opportunity for Africans and non-Africans alike to view the diversity, expressive quality, and sheer evocative power of African art, and to gain a better understanding of one of the great heritages of mankind. Warren Robbins presents the pieces from the perspective of two civilizations -- Africa and the West. Believing that the works are classical rather than primitive art, his sensitive analysis of the stylistic refinements of the various tribes past and present emphasizes the importance of preserving this art for posterity. The text and captions are presented in both English and
AFRICA: The Art of a Continent
PHILLIPS Tom
Broché: 620 pages - Editeur: Prestel; Édition: illustrated edition (30 décembre 1999)
Collection: African, Asian & Oceanic Art - Langue: Anglais
(ISBN: 3791320041 / 3-7913-2004-1)
PHILLIPS Tom - AFRICA: The Art of a Continent
From Library Journal
Associated with an exhibition at the Guggenheim Museum, this book provides a survey of 100 visually spectacular objects from Africa. As befits current thinking, the catalog (and exhibition) surveys the entire continent, including ancient Egypt and Nubia and north and northwestern Africa as well as the sub-Saharan region. Each object is reproduced in color and accompanied by extensive catalog entries written by over 60 expert contributors. The catalog section is preceded by five essays contributed by major scholars in the field. The essays discuss the nature of African art and its appreciation. Gates's article on the ambivalence displayed by 20th-century Western appreciation and Suzanne Blier's essay on the myths and misconceptions surrounding African art are especially valuable contributions. Highly recommended for any library with an interest in African art.?Eugene C. Burt, Art Inst. of Seattle Lib.
As the birthplace of the human race, Africa possesses a cultural history of
MANKON: Arts Heritage And Culture From The Mankon Kingdom
NOTUE' Jean-Paul et TRIACA Bianca
MANKON: Arts Heritage And Culture From The Mankon Kingdom - Catalogue of the Mankon Museum
Détails sur le produit: Broché: 255 pages, 46 color and 217 black & white photographs. Editeur: Five Continents Editions; Édition: illustrated edition (1 janvier 2005) - Langue: Anglais
Descrizione libro: It is in a plural perspective, an association of history, ethnography, stylistic analysis and aesthetics, that this work presents the artistic and cultural production of the small kingdom of Mankon on the high plateaux of western Cameroon: these objects, linked with rituals, of prestige or more ordinary ones are all charged with meaning, but also with identified characteristic shapes, all bearing the memory of the treasures of kings, notables and secret societies. This production of the arts plays a fundamental role in cultural continuity, protects evidence of the past and preserves objects used in rites for the well-being of society. This is why they form an essential part of the artistic and cultural heritage of the whole of Mankon. They are extraordinarily rich, both regarding the quality of the objects, by the diversity of domains they approach and by the variety of decorative patterns (men, animals, geometric and plant shapes etc.), styles and
Spirit Speaks: A Celebration of African Masks
STEPAN Peter, HAHNER Iris
Détails sur le produit: - Relié: 192 pages - Editeur: Prestel (21 septembre 2005) - Langue: Anglais
Descrizione libro: DImages of outstanding African masks from the world’s leading museums and private collections reveal the splendor and majesty of these fascinating masterpieces. The masks seen in these pages represent diversity and an aesthetic power that rivals the most renowned works of art from around the world. Originating from more than thirty countries throughout Africa, the masks featured here are shown in stunning full-page reproductions and accompanied by field photographs. Each mask reflects a strong personal and artistic vision, and embodies ancestors and beings from the spirit world. The selected masks can be identified by magic expression, noble proportions, and delicate surface detail. Enlightening commentary offers background information about the function and origins of the masks’ use within the ethnic groups from which they originate. A beautifully produced full-color foldout map places each mask in its original site, which together with the stunning reproductions, field photographs, and text, creates a magnificent celebration of African artistry and
‘African Vision: The Walt Disney-Tishman African Art Collection’
This female figure, made of ivory and standing 37 inches tall, was made in the early Nineteenth Century by Edo peoples in the Benin kingdom court style, and was probably intended for an altar to a queen mother. It is one of the first two objects purchased by Paul and Ruth Tishman in 1959. "Ivory can be almost universally interpreted as a symbol of importance and wealth,” says exhibition curator Bryna Freyer.
WASHINGTON D.C.:Most Americans know little about the vast and diverse continent of Africa, much less the arts created there. Dark and primitive, the arts of the African peoples reflect the rituals of life, stripped to the most basic interpretive forms both conceptually and artistically.
Celebrating the arts of Africa and the profound role that they have played in molding Twentieth Century Abstraction and Modernist art in the "West" is the Smithsonian's newest exhibition, "African Vision: The Walt Disney-Tishman African Art Collection." It is on view through September 7, 2008, at The Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of African Art (NMAA).
"African Vision" showcases 88 outstanding artworks, part of a larger collection donated to the NMAA, that represents the largest gift of sculpture in the museum's history.
In 1959, Paul and Ruth Tishman began their collection with the purchase of two pieces of art from the Benin kingdom — an early Nineteenth Century ivory female figure standing 37 inches tall, made in the court style by the Edo peoples, and a 28-inch-tall, Eighteenth Century copper alloy mask that was worn by a divine-healer in masquerade
Tribal Art - Jean-Baptiste BacquaSee the continuation... ]
Online Galleries Tribal African Art Gallery
ART GALLERY L'OEIL ET LA MAIN art primitif africain
Tribal, ritual, ethnic, ethnographic, classical, traditional, antique,
"Art plays an essential role in the lives of the African people and their communities. It serves a much more vital purpose than merely to beautify the human environment, as art is usually employed in contemporary Western societies.
The beauty of African art is simply an element of its function, for these objects would not be effective if they were not aesthetically pleasing. Its beauty and its content thus combine to make art the vehicle that ensures the survival of traditions, protects the community and the individual, and tells much of the person or persons who use it."
Tribal Art is rapidly growing in popularity. An even broader audience has been able to enjoy ‘Tribal Art’ thanks to major exhibitions in recent years in London, Paris, Berlin, Munich and Düsseldorf.
At the start of the 20th century, however, Tribal Art was already arousing great excitement among artists and art collectors. At a time when “Negro Art” was still looked upon as the innocent product of primitive peoples, cubists such as Picasso, Braque or Gris were already drawing inspiration from the strikingly new qualities of form; expressionists such as Kirchner, Nolde or Schmidt-Rottluff were captivated by the elementary power of this native art and Gauguin was painting scenes from his travels to countries of the South Pacific. Non-European art greatly influenced the work of these great artists as it continues to influence modern art of the present day.
Over the course of the decades, great art lovers such as von der Heydt (Rietberg Museum, Zurich) or Mueller (Barbier-Mueller Museum, Geneva) have established significant art collections, which alongside the “colonial legacy” provide the mainstay of the museums’ inventories all over the world. Today it is artists and art enthusiasts such as Baselitz, Arman or Fritz
The Nok civilization
The Nok civilization was discovered recently, in 1943 a fragment of a terracotta statue was unearthed in a tin mine near Nok on the Jos Plateau in central Nigeria. Following the discovery of other pieces of statues of high artistic quality were found near the city of Sokoto and creates lots of reactions when they appeared on the market of Western art. Since that date the statues from the city of Katsina still in northern Nigeria have been discovered, but like most of these magnificent statues excavated from unregulated very little information has reached us about their functions.
Several styles of terracotta statues were identified all dated between 400 BC and 200 AD there is currently very difficult to know if these styles correspond to different traditions or they are just regional variations.
More statues of styles, differences were found in the same regions, such as a number of terracotta-called classical style have been discovered in the region of Katsina to three hundred kilometers from their cultural center: the town of Nok.
It is likely that future research will give us more information on what is currently one of the great mysteries of African art.
The classical style known as Nok terracotta, includes statues of real size, with large elongated heads , hair forms developed and we identified them especially thanks to the eyes of an eyebrow and upper linear lower curve of an eyebrow, Their body is usually decorated with many jewels in terracotta, reminiscent of beads stones otherwise similar to those that were found during excavations.
05th April 2011 to July 4, 2011
The exhibition features 330 stunning art pieces gathered for the first time and from collections around the world. It provides a chronological overview of the art of the Dogon eighth century to the present day, reflecting its rich diversity of styles, from first contact with Tellem to the development of European taste for the masks and sculpture in the twentieth century. The exhibition shows the impact of migration and subsequent contact with other Dogon peoples of the region's culture and art Dogon. It places a unique technical expertise conducted on the patina of statues and disclaims typologies of everyday objects and daily virtuosic and varied techniques, often presented in terms of major pieces of statuary.
Sixteenth century seventeenth century eighteenth century nineteenth century twentieth century
"Musei Wormiani Historia", the frontispiece from the Museum Wormianum depicting Ole Worm's cabinet of curiosities.A Cabinet of curiosities was an encyclopedic collection in Renaissance Europe of types of objects whose categorical boundaries were yet to be defined. Modern terminology would categorize the objects included as belonging to natural history (sometimes faked), geology, ethnography, archaeology, religious or historical relics, works of art (including cabinet paintings) and antiquities. "The Kunstkammer was regarded as a microcosm or theater of the world, and a memory theater. The Kunstkammer conveyed symbolically the patron's control of the world through its indoor, microscopic reproduction." Of Charles I of England's collection, Peter Thomas has succinctly stated, "The Kunstkabinett itself was a form of propaganda"[2] Besides the most famous, best documented cabinets of rulers and aristocrats, members of the merchant class and early practitioners of science in Europe, formed collections that were precursors to museums. They were also known by various names such as Cabinet of Wonder, and in German Kunstkammer or Wunderkammer (wonder-room).
The term cabinet originally described a room rather than a piece of furniture. The classic style of cabinet of curiosities emerged in the sixteenth century, although more rudimentary collections had existed earlier. The Kunstkammer of Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (ruled 1576-1612), housed in the Hradschin at Prague was unrivalled north of the Alps; it provided a solace and retreat for contemplation that also served to demonstrate his imperial magnificence and power in symbolic arrangement of their display, ceremoniously presented to visiting diplomats and magnates. Rudolf's uncle, Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria also had a collection, with a special emphasis on paintings of people with interesting deformities, which remains
ART GALLERY EYE AND HAND
41 rue de Verneuil 75007 PARIS
December 4, 2009 EXHIBITION IN February 4, 2010
The Bambara (or Bamana) are one of the most famous and most studied of West Africa. They occupy the whole central part of Mali is the largest ethnic group constitutes the country. Their artistic production, early discovery in France because of the introduction of French settlers in the region, is very popular with art collectors of West Africa. The diversity of this production (masks, statues, religious objects ...), due to complexity of cosmology and the system of religious thought has always fascinated the Europeans, especially the French, on their territory from the beginning twentieth century. Perpetual exchange of different groups of West African Bambara allowed to create art with many complex symbols, creating hybrid objects (such as headdresses ciwara) or embodying an aesthetic ideal (female figures jonyeleni).
The Eye Gallery and the Main has a new exhibition celebrating the diversity of Bambara art and creativity of its artists, who have shaped objects and powerful complex valued and exhibited
Exhibition "African Hairstyles"
After the monographic exhibitions devoted to ethnic Mumuye and Bambara, the gallery's eye and the hand begins 2010 with an exhibition on the theme of the often overlooked African hairstyle. Often overlooked as belonging to the sphere of the arts "popular", hair is however of particular importance in Africa, both aesthetically and symbolically.
The hairstyle can both grow its appearance but also to affirm their identity or social status. Some hairstyles are immediately identifiable, such as hairstyling splayed Mangbetu of the Democratic Republic of Congo or the hairstyles solidified ocher Namibia. Others refer to a hierarchical system more complex. Ancient art, hair is also found in modern African art production, through paintings advertising kiosks hairdressers or barbers, or in African-American fashion. Both ornaments and symbols of identity, the hairstyles worn by different ethnic groups are reflected in their art. Although they represent gods or ancestors, masks and statues are the hairstyles of the living.
In Africa the hairstyle is still practiced by family members or trusted friends. In addition to the social aspects of the event, the hair, placed in the hands of enemies, could become an ingredient in the production of dangerous charms or "medicines" that could hurt their owners. Mostly it is women cap the women and men that cap men.
As scarification, hairstyles to identify gender, ethnicity, stage reached by the person in the cycle of life, status and personal taste. Scholars,
strenght and measurment
STRENGTH AND MEASUREMENT
The discovery of "primitive art": an art of strength
Shapes and shape functions
Deities and ancestors
The living wood
Force and Measurement
Develop an aesthetic of black Africa is seen as a risky business in many ways. Is it legitimate to isolate these objects, that today we call art, the general framework of their relations and their cultural constraints? Can we submit to a test that has never existed in the minds of their creators? And can we finally see in this art - if we 'take on this term - a uniform phenomenon, despite the wide variety of both regional and local styles we offer this huge continent, following lengthy Historical developments often poorly understood? Finally, remember that this approach excludes large regions, including Africa white, that is to say the Mediterranean area with its ancient history, the eastern and southern Africa whose pastoral peoples have given rise to cultures almost without images, and finally these hunting societies, which, even in our time have not passed the stage of evolution of prehistoric rock paintings which are the main evidence of an artistic production that appears at various points the continent. Similarly, we must exclude from our contribution to the aesthetics of black African art the old feudal societies, including Benin. Our discussion is therefore limited to large areas farmers, the true cradle of
Context of African sculpture
Places of traditional African sculpture
Canons of African sculpture
Techniques and creative
Role of African sculpture in the middle
Universal impact of African sculpture
Bibliographic
Never has been written about as much ink as traditional African sculpture. Ever, despite all attempts, the man has managed to evacuate his mental field, much less its history, that is to say of his encounter with the other. It has been a cornerstone to measure the "civilization" of the black man and his ability to create capacity variously appreciated throughout history until early this century, cubism helping, the unanimously begins to make the exceptional nature of African sculpture that was always confused with African art which it is a party, probably the most important, if one were to judge solely by the number Parts created that we have reached.
We can talk about African sculpture in isolation from the rest of the arts of Africa south of Sahara. Every word in this area is responsible not only meaningless but history, and if we chose the term "African art" is to fully assume all we have inherited from the past in
study on the sacred
The sacred: the real paradigm
The flaw in the anthropological research of the sacred
The position of the African researcher
The inconsistency of the true-false paradigm of the irrational
The crucial importance of the event
Ancestor worship: in search of a definition
The premier event: the phenomenon agrarian
Biological Bases
The neurobiological underpinnings
Astronomical Foundations
Welcome to this site dedicated to refuting the paradigm of the irrational use explicit about the facts of sacred archaic or traditional societies, and especially African societies.
As a member of these societies, the systematic use of the irrational as ultimate explanation of these facts is offensive and we might seem a lack of rigor in research.
In the approach to ethnology-anthropology there is always explicitly or implicitly begging the question that traditional societies through their culture could not produce something intellectually coherent. This profession of faith explains the systematic irrationality as an explanation of the ultimate sacred facts.
By irrational, what is heard is indeed something wrong, incoherent, that defies logic, in
Présence africaine
a forum, a movement, a network
Mezzanine East
Tuesday 10 November 2009 to Sunday, January 31, 2010
curated by Sarah-Frioux Salgas
African presence is the literary and cultural journal founded by Alioune Diop, the Senegalese intellectual in 1947, also became a publishing house from 1949. It was an outreach tool that has enabled black writers and intellectuals to assert their cultural identities and historical context that the colonial or denied "exoticizing.
This exhibition presents numerous books and archival documents, photographs and some objects. Sound recordings and audiovisual also occupy an important place: historical documents and interviews conducted specifically for this exhibition punctuate the route.
These give to see the emergence and influence of a movement, a forum for thought and demands of the black world at a time when much of the West had a distorted view, or derogatory.
route of exposure
The exhibition will feature four sections, preceded by an introductory sequence.
Exhibition opening
It is an object Dogon who happens to be the symbol of the journal, which will open the exhibition. It will present a brief review and the publishing house Présence Africaine, and to recall the relevance of such an exhibition today.
Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning "to cultivate")[1] is a term that has different meanings. For example, in 1952, Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn compiled a list of 164 definitions of "culture" in Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions. However, the word "culture" is most commonly used in three basic senses:
* excellence of taste in the fine arts and humanities, also known as high culture
* an integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon the capacity for symbolic thought and social learning
* the set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes an institution, organization or group.
When the concept first emerged in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe, it connoted a process of cultivation or improvement, as in agriculture or horticulture. In the nineteenth century, it came to refer first to the betterment or refinement of the individual, especially through education, and then to the fulfillment of national aspirations or ideals. In the mid-nineteenth century, some scientists used the term "culture" to refer to a universal human capacity.
In the twentieth century, "culture" emerged as a concept central to anthropology, encompassing all human phenomena that are not purely results of human genetics.
Ethnology
Ethnology (from the Greek ἔθνος, ethnos meaning "habit, custom, convention") is the branch of anthropology that compares and analyzes the origins, distribution, technology, religion, language, and social structure of the ethnic, racial, and/or national divisions of humanity.
Compared to ethnography, the study of single groups through direct contact with the culture, ethnology takes the research that ethnographers have compiled and then compares and contrasts different cultures. The term ethnology is credited to Adam Franz Kollár who used and defined it in his Historiae ivrisqve pvblici Regni Vngariae amoenitates published in Vienna in 1783. Kollár's interest in linguistic and cultural diversity was aroused by the situation in his native multi-lingual Kingdom of Hungary and his roots among its Slovaks, and by the shifts that began to emerge after the gradual retreat of the Ottoman Empire in the more distant Balkans.
Among the goals of ethnology have been the reconstruction of human history, and the formulation of cultural invariants, such as the incest taboo and culture change, and the formulation of generalizations about "human nature", a concept which has been criticized since the 19th century by various philosophers (Hegel, Marx, structuralism, etc.). In some parts of the world ethnology has developed along independent paths of investigation and pedagogical doctrine, with cultural anthropology becoming dominant especially in the United States, and social anthropology in Great Britain. The distinction between the three terms is increasingly blurry. Ethnology has been
African art constitutes one of the most diverse legacies on earth. Though many casual observers tend to generalize "traditional" African art, the continent is full of peoples, societies, and civilizations, each with a unique visual special culture. The definition also includes the art of the African Diasporas, such as the art of African Americans. Despite this diversity, there are some unifying artistic themes when considering the totality of the visual culture from the continent of Africa.
* Emphasis on the human figure: The human figure has always been a the primary subject matter for most African art, and this emphasis even influenced certain European traditions. For example in the fifteenth century Portugal traded with the Sapi culture near the Ivory Coast in West Africa, who created elaborate ivory saltcellars that were hybrids of African and European designs, most notably in the addition of the human figure (the human figure typically did not appear in Portuguese saltcellars). The human figure may symbolize the living or the dead, may reference chiefs, dancers, or various trades such as drummers or hunters, or even may be an anthropomorphic representation of a god or have other votive function. Another common theme is the inter-morphosis of human and animal.
Yoruba bronze head sculpture, Ife, Nigeria c. 12th century A.D.
* Visual abstraction: African artworks tend to favor visual abstraction over naturalistic representation. This is because many African artworks generalize stylistic norms. Ancient Egyptian art, also usually thought of as naturalistically depictive, makes use of highly abstracted and regimented visual canons, especially in painting, as well as the use of different colors to represent the qualities and characteristics of an individual being depicted.
* Emphasis on sculpture: African artists
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1688
|
__label__cc
| 0.594053
| 0.405947
|
OPINION: Just wearing a uniform doesn’t make you a ‘veteran’
Rep. Dan Saddler
As a legislator representing a district with more veterans than any other in Alaska, I take very seriously my responsibility to look out for veterans’ interests. My legislative career has focused strongly on supporting veterans and their families, and my proudest duty has been as chair of the Military and Veterans Affairs, and Joint Armed Services committees.
That’s why I’m writing to let military veterans in Chugiak-Eagle River and around the state know about a bill that seeks to dilute the value of their service by expanding the definition of “veteran” in a way that most of them might not appreciate.
House Bill 194, introduced by West Anchorage Democrat Rep. Matt Claman, seeks to expand the definition of a “veteran” in state law to include those who had served in the commissioned corps of the U.S. Public Health Service, or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. It achieves that by aligning Alaska’s law with a section of federal law that equates “uniformed service” with “military service.”
Practically speaking, that would extend to those who wore USPHS and NOAA officers’ uniforms the same hard-won benefits granted to military veterans by grateful Alaskans. Those benefits are appropriately generous, and they include:
• A property tax exemption for the first $150,000 of the value of a disabled veteran’s primary home
• State job hiring preference of 5 percent for veterans, or 10 percent for disabled veterans
• A 5 percent preference to qualified veteran or disabled veteran bidders on public contracts
• First chance to buy unoccupied state residential land, and at a 25 percent discount
• Tax credits to an employer of up to $2,000 for hiring a veteran, or $3,000 for a disabled veteran
• Free registration of one vehicle for disabled veterans, plus access to veteran’s license plates, and driver’s licenses holding a veteran designation (a program I proudly introduced and got passed into law)
• Eligibility by a veteran or survivor for various veteran loans including $10,000 personal loans, $125,000 business loans, or $110,000 loans to buy or renovate multi-family housing units
• A $750 death gratuity to a veteran’s widow, widower or other survivor
• Four free death certificates from the Bureau of Vital Statistics
Documentation supporting Claman’s bill says it would add about 3,000 people to the approximately 77,000 Alaskans who are veterans of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Guard, or Reserve.
Analysis by legislative researchers also shows that the added workload would stress the Office of Veterans’ Affairs, justifying an additional Veteran Service Officer — but the bill does not carry a means to fund this position. The free vehicle registration benefit would cost the state $280,000. The free death certificate benefit would cost the state from $6,000 to $8,000 per year.
While I value everyone’s service to our country, including those who wore a uniform in the Public Health Service or NOAA commissioned corps, there simply is a huge difference between service in a “uniformed service,” and serving in a “military service.” Just wearing a uniform does not make you a veteran.
They say a veteran is someone who once wrote a blank check payable to the United States of America, for an amount payable up to and including his life, if necessary. Military veterans’ willingness to put themselves in harm’s way sets them apart in a category and class distinctly above those who would benefit from the expanded definition that is the heart of this bill.
I have been working to rally state veterans to express their views on this bill, and call on everyone who wore the uniform to contact its sponsor and let him know what you think.
You can call HB 194 sponsor Rep. Matt Claman at 907-465-4919, or email him at [email protected]. Please join me in helping to stop this misguided bill and defend the dignity and value of the hard-earned title of “veteran.”
Rep. Dan Saddler is in his fourth term representing Chugiak-Eagle River and JBER, and serves as Republican Floor Leader.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1689
|
__label__cc
| 0.695077
| 0.304923
|
Em-Cee
Benefiting Charities
Andrew McKenna – Author, Consultant, Speaker
Mr. McKenna travels the country speaking to professional organizations, colleges and universities, high schools, drug courts and more about the perils of prescription and non-prescription drug use and abuse, particularly, but not limited to, opiates, including heroin. Andrew discusses the dangers of untreated depression and anxiety and the necessity for people going through difficult times in their lives to reach out and ask for help.
Having served 5 years in the Federal Bureau of Prisons (FBOP), Andrew consults with attorneys and their clients regarding the FBOP process and how to assimilate best into the prison system, navigating the complex and dangerous prison culture, best practices for doing time, being productive, and staying safe while experiencing the most daunting reality of their client’s lives.
Andrew’s story is one of redemption and hope, having traveled the difficult road from Airman, U.S. Marine Corps Captain, JAG attorney, to Justice Department prosecutor, to opiate addict, to heroin addict, to bank robber. The descent and eventual rise as told in his memoir Sheer Madness: From Federal Prosecutor to Federal Prisoner is astonishing in its brutal honesty and candor, and is an inspiration to those struggling with life’s myriad challenges. www.andrewjamesmckenna.com
Cortney Lovell
Cortney is an emerging leader working to empower others to discover the depths of their potential. She is founder and director of WRise Consulting. She enjoyed the opportunity to consult for businesses such as Accenture Federal Services as a substance abuse prevention specialist, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration as a youth recovery expert and on various other initiatives. She has worked with Friends of Recovery – New York as the Director of Recovery Education and Training, as well as Young People in Recovery as the national Chapter Director. Cortney spent several years as a substance use clinician and helped develop recovery community organizations across the country. She has been a spokesperson for the New York State Governor’s Combat Heroin Campaign, a “Youth Voice” on youth.gov, featured on “Inside Addiction”, the documentary “Everywhere but Safe” and at various press conferences speaking out about addiction and the importance of recovery supports.
Brenda Eagle-Davis
Brenda is a recent first time Mother of a beloved baby boy. I’m a New York City native, an artist, a “retired” rugby player, as well as a music and food enthusiatist. A lover of all things beautiful with a thirst for knowledge. Most importantly, I am a survivor. I’m also in recovery and am eternally grateful for second chances, the ceaseless support of those who love me, and the lessons I continue to learn along my journey of self awareness and happiness.
Albany County Sheriff Craig Apple
http://www.craigapple.com/ Sheriff Craig Apple formed SHARP, Sheriff’s Heroin Addictions Recovery Program. Several inmates have successfully graduated since they started the program last fall.
© 2016 The Faces Of Addictionw. Powered By We Think
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1690
|
__label__wiki
| 0.512131
| 0.512131
|
Four Concerts May 1975
Steve Reich and Musicians performed Four Concerts at The Kitchen in 1975. Violin Phase (1967), Music for Pieces of Wood (1973) and Work in Progress for 21 musicians and singers were performed.
Artist(s): Steve Reich
Date: May 20, 1975 - May 24, 1975
Tags: Music, 1970s
Notes on Music [PDF]
Calendar May 1975 [PDF]
Almost Dance
Adrienne Altenhaus, Ann Magnuson, Annette Barbier, Arto Lindsay, Barbara Allen, Christine Hahn, Drew Browning, Eric Bogosian, Hope Gillerman, Ishmael Houston-Jones, Jeff McMahon, Jim Sclavunos, Kinematic, Komar and Melamid, Martha Swetzoff, Meg Eginton, Miranda, Pat Irwin, Peter Rose, Pooh Kaye, Stephanie Skura, Steve Reich, T-Venus, Terry Moyemont, Trude Kobe
See More: Music, 1970s
New Music, New York
"Blue" Gene Tyranny, Alvin Lucier, Annea Lockwood, Barbara Benary, Charlemagne Palestine, Charles Dodge, Connie Beckley, David Behrman, David Mahler, David Van Tieghem, Don Cherry, Frankie Mann, Garrett List, George Lewis, Gordon Mumma, Ivan Tcherepnin, Jeanne Lee, Jeffrey Lohn, Jill Kroesen, Joe Celli, Joel Chadabe, John Adams, Jon Deak, Jon Gibson, Jon Hassell, Karl Berger, Larry Austin, Laurie Anderson, Laurie Spiegel, Leo Smith, Marc Grafe, Meredith Monk, Michael Nyman, Ned Sublette, Pauline Oliveros, Peter Gordon, Peter Zummo, Petr Kotik, Philip Glass, Phill Niblock, Rhys Chatham, Richard Teitelbaum, Robert Ashley, Scott Johnson, Stephanie Woodard, Steve Reich, Tom Johnson, Tony Conrad
Aluminum Nights
Arnie Zane, Bebe Miller Dancers, Boojie Boy, Brian Eno, Bush Tetras, David Byrne, DNA, Douglas Dunn, Eric Bogosian, Fab 5 Freddy, Garrett List, George Lewis, Glenn Branca, Jim Carroll, John Giorno, Julius Hemphill, Laura Dean Musicians, Laurie Anderson, Leroy Jenkins, Lisa Fox, Lounge Lizards, Love of Life Orchestra, Maryanne Amacher, Meredith Monk, Nam June Paik, Ned Sublette, Pat Oleszko, Philip Glass, Raybeats, Red Decade, Rhys Chatham, Robert Ashley, Steina Vasulka, Steve Reich, The Feelies, Tom Bowes, Vedo/Devo, Z'EV
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1691
|
__label__wiki
| 0.628955
| 0.628955
|
Branching Out – Adding Greater Depth to R&D in F1® 2018
By Jenny @jennyanne_m · On July 25, 2018
Are you ready for more developer diaries? You are? We’ve got just the thing for you – today, we’re releasing the second part of our developer diaries for F1® 2018, the official videogame of the 2018 FIA FORMULA ONE WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP. This diary details how even greater depth has been added to the career mode by expanding the research and development options available to you in game, though before we jump in and go further in-depth, check out the second of the four part series below, or on our YouTube channel here:
“We already had an extensive R&D system in last year’s game but wanted to expand this for F1 2018 based both on feedback from our community and where we want to take the Career experience too,” commented Lee Mather, Game Director, F1 2018. “We have made significant changes to the in-game pricing structure, added ERS upgrades, given each of the Formula 1 Teams their own unique R&D tree, and added a fog of war around the development.
“Probably the most significant addition is the introduction of rule changes, meaning that each season you don’t know where the other teams are going to be performance wise. It makes every year unique and drives you to want to do season after season.” Lee continued. “The player will be notified by their engineer that a rule change could be taking place at the end of the year and they can choose to use R&D points to preserve upgraded items to protect areas that have already been developed. Doing so could see the player starting the following season in a stronger position. However, the other teams will also have to contend with the rules changes, meaning you take to the grid in Melbourne not knowing which teams are the fastest.”
We wanted to go more in-depth with F1 2018’s research and development, and asked Senior Games Designer Steven Embling to give us all the details:
Research and Development was a huge part of F1 2017’s career mode – how has it changed for this year?
F1 2017 marked a huge expansion for Research and Development. We more than tripled the amount of upgrades available from the previous game and this allowed us to maintain lifespan much deeper into the career. Despite this, there was still so much more we could do to enhance the experience and I’m thrilled we are able to bring some considerable updates for F1 2018. First of all, every F1 team has its own unique upgrade tree with different quantities of upgrades specific to that particular team. Another big addition we’ve brought in is regulation changes. When these happen in game, it can threaten the legality of a set of upgrades into future seasons, offering players the chance to adapt them to the future specifications, so that they can be kept going forward. This makes for some interesting prioritisation – do you adapt affected upgrades to protect for the future, or do you continue to push for additional upgrades right to the end of the season, in the knowledge next season’s car may not be as competitive straight away?
That’s not the only big addition though – something else new for F1 2018 is department morale. The way you interact with the press has a direct influence on the departments who develop your R&D upgrades. If you’re less than kind about a particular weakness with your car, you may end up finding the cost and failure rate of upgrades in these departments begin to increase. On the flip side, a silver tongued approach may really give your team’s departments the motivation they need to deliver upgrades more efficiently. However you decide to play it, your responses have real power and have a genuine influence on the team’s R&D capabilities.
What was the process of designing the new Research and Development system in F1 2018?
Because it’s so central to the structure of Career Mode, R&D is an area where there’s no shortage of fantastic ideas floating around, both internally, and externally. We closely monitor requests raised by the community and have actively sought such feedback on a number of occasions, particularly during our community testing sessions for previous games, to ensure our features are in line with what people want. Once we have identified the key objectives, a detailed design proposal is carefully considered and written up, ready for development to begin.
How will the team-specific Research and Development trees work?
It’s difficult to imagine teams having the same development paths throughout a number of seasons in real life, so we made it a priority to create that same level of diversity in the game. With every team featuring different upgrade paths, the quantity and impact of upgrades varies extensively. While one team may have a major drag upgrade being the initial entry point to the Aerodynamics department, another may begin with a choice between a minor front, or rear downforce improvement.
What happens when there’s a rule change?
Every so often one or more departments may become affected by a regulation change. What this means for the player (and all opposition teams) is upgrades fitted in such departments will become under threat. There will be a window of several race weekends for the player to consider if they would like perform the necessary adaptations in order to keep them for future seasons. Of course, there is nothing saying the player has to adapt their upgrades. Short term it may be a better tactic to continue spending Resource Points on entirely new upgrades for that current season, especially if valuable championship positions are going down to the wire. Taking such an approach will likely mean the team may have some development ground to make up the start of the new season when the regulation changes come into force.
The other choice, of course, is to spend the Resource Points adapting the affected upgrades, and this would result in really hitting the ground running at the start of the following season. It’s a fascinating trade-off between short term and long term benefit, one which is entirely in the player’s hands, as they can adapt as many or as few upgrades as they see fit, providing they have the Resource Points.
These regulation changes can really shake up the team pecking order for future seasons and how each team is affected by the regulation change varies greatly on each occasion, meaning your main rivals in one season may not be your most direct competition in the following season. I’m really looking forward to hearing stories from the community about how the regulation changes affect them, and the teams around them, because the possibilities for different outcomes are endless.
What do you think players will enjoy the most in F1 2018?
The overall cohesiveness of the Career Mode is a huge draw for F1 2018. It’s an area that’s been built on every year recently and I can be confident in saying this is the best year yet. The number of new systems such as Face The Press Interviews, Contract Negotiations, Team Goals and the way they all work in unison with the updated R&D system means there is always something to keep players vested deep into the career.
F1 2018 features all the official teams, the drivers and all 21 circuits of the thrilling 2018 season. As well as the current season’s offerings the game includes 20 iconic cars from the history of the sport allowing you to drive the likes of James Hunt’s legendary 1976 championship winning McLaren M23D and Niki Lauda’s Ferrari 312 T2 (both of which featured in the 2013 hit movie ‘Rush’). F1 2018 will release onto PlayStation®4 computer entertainment system, the Xbox One family of devices including the Xbox One X and Windows PC (DVD and via Steam) worldwide on Friday 24th August 2018.
Want to pre-order F1 2018? You can here!
Formula1game.com
PlayStation EU
PlayStation US
Keep it here on the Codies blog for all the F1 2018 news, and follow us on Twitter and Facebook, Instagram and YouTube to get the scoop first.
Social Media Manager for the F1 games. Loves F1 and PC gaming far too much to be healthy.
Tweets by @Formula1game
F1® 2019 – Review Round Up
Codies Racing Line – June 27, 2019
F1 2015 Features Trailer
F1 2015 Supported Wheels and Controllers
Brand New F1 2015 Trailer and Screenshots
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1696
|
__label__wiki
| 0.831115
| 0.831115
|
The original story can be found at http://bpnews.net/52770/trustees-nobts-adds-3-new-degrees-3-professors
TRUSTEES: NOBTS adds 3 new degrees, 3 professors
by Gary D. Myers, posted Monday, April 22, 2019 (2 months ago)
Tags: NOBTS
Frank Cox, chairman of New Orleans Seminary’s trustees, thanks Chuck Kelley and his wife Rhonda for their many of years of service during a worship service honoring the Kelleys. Kelley will retire as NOBTS president at the end of July.
Photo by Chandler McCall
NEW ORLEANS (BP) -- New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary trustees approved three new degrees and curriculum updates for Leavell College and elected new faculty members during their spring meeting April 17.
Trustees also received updates on the seminary's "Different Voices" diversity initiative and spring enrollment growth, and they approved the seminary's budget for the coming academic year.
And the board utilized the last regular trustee meeting of Chuck Kelley's presidency to recognize his tenure at NOBTS, hosting a banquet and worship service in his honor on April 16 and electing him as distinguished research professor of evangelism during their plenary sessions on April 17. Kelley, who has led the seminary since 1996, will retire from the post July 31.
During his presidential report, Kelley lamented the tragic decision by the founders of NOBTS to exclude African American students. While the seminary reversed the policy in the 1950s, the seminary is still working to repair the damage it caused, Kelley said.
One step in the process was the creation of the Fred Luter Jr. Scholarship in 2011. Since then, NOBTS has awarded $1.4 million in scholarships to more than 1,000 African American students through the Luter Scholarship. Kelley noted that many more minorities have benefited from the general scholarships available to all students.
In recent years, Kelley launched the "Different Voices" initiative in an attempt to better serve minority students. Through the initiative, the seminary has been more intentional in inviting minority speakers to chapel and to seminary-sponsored events. The efforts also resulted in the creation of doctoral fellowships for minority students. In May, NOBTS will host its first gathering for minority students who feel called to teaching ministry or denominational leadership.
Kelley also reported that NOBTS now has African American, Korean and Hispanic representation on the trustee-elected faculty and a commitment by each academic division to intentionally utilize minority adjunct instructors. In addition, both Leavell College and Graduate Studies have women serving as associate deans, something Kelley believes is a first for a Southern Baptist seminary.
Trustees also learned of healthy enrollment and tuition income numbers. Initial spring enrollment numbers show a modest enrollment uptick over the previous year and tuition income is up 11 percent.
Academic additions
The board approved the creation of a bachelor of arts and associate of arts degrees in biblical studies and a bachelor of arts in psychology and counseling. Revisions to existing degrees included updates to the bachelor of arts and associate of arts in Christian ministry and bachelor of arts and associate of arts in music with an emphasis in worship.
The curriculum updates were developed by the Leavell College faculty during a two-year period of evaluation and prayer. L. Thomas Strong III, the college's dean, said the changes are designed to enhance ministry training for students based on the current needs of the churches they will serve.
"When we developed the degrees, we definitely had the church in mind," Strong said. "Our goals are that graduates will walk into church ministry really well-grounded biblically and in their doctrine."
Strong said the plan includes the introduction of a Christian foundational core required of all students that includes strong exposure to the Old and New Testaments, Christian doctrine, hermeneutics, evangelism, teaching methods and other essentials for ministry. Every student will receive both the "Darkness to Light" training and MinistrySafe certification designed to help safeguard churches against sexual abuse and to minister to those who have been abused, Strong said.
The board elected Karla McGehee, George Ross and Charles A. Ray III to the faculty.
McGehee, who will receive the doctor of philosophy degree from NOBTS in May, was elected assistant professor of Christian education in Leavell College. McGehee earned her bachelor of arts in Christian ministry from Leavell College and went on to earn two master's degrees from NOBTS before entering doctoral work.
An instructor in Leavell College since 2016, McGehee previously served eight years as minister of education at First Baptist Church in Belle Chasse, La. In addition to her teaching ministry, McGehee has been the seminary's associate director of institutional effectiveness since 2013.
Ross, a missionary with the North American Mission Board, was elected as assistant professor of church planting and evangelism (ministry-based) and will occupy the Cecil B. Day Chair of Church Planting.
A Mississippi native, Ross pastoral and church planting experience to his new role at NOBTS. For six years, he served as student pastor at Longview Heights Baptist Church in Olive Branch, Miss., before being called to plant Lifepoint Church in Senatobia, Miss., in 2004. Ross led Lifepoint Church until 2013 when he was named as the North American Mission Board's Send missionary for New Orleans. Ross currently serves as co-pastor of Lakeshore Church in New Orleans, a NAMB replant.
Ross holds a bachelor of science degree from Crichton College in Memphis, Tenn., and a master of divinity from Liberty University and, in 2018, he earned a doctor of ministry degree from NOBTS.
Trustees elected Ray to serve as assistant professor of New Testament and Greek. Though born in Baton Rouge, La., Ray spent his childhood years in South Korea where his parents served as Southern Baptist missionaries. Ray's family returned to the United States when he was 11.
Ray holds a bachelor of arts degree from Baylor University and three degrees from NOBTS -- the master of arts (biblical studies), the master of theology and the doctor of philosophy. He has taught at Leavell College and NOBTS for more than a decade.
Since 2007, Ray has served as pastor of Grace Memorial Baptist Church in Gulfport, Miss. He and his wife Lisa have fostered nine children during their time in Mississippi, three of whom they adopted.
One of Ray's primary roles at NOBTS is to serve as director of the Accelerated BA+MDiv program that allows pastoral ministry students to earn both the bachelor of arts degree and the master of divinity degree in just five years. Drawing on his own pastoral ministry experience, Ray will mentor students accepted into the rigorous program. For more on the Accelerated BA+MDiv program, visit www.nobts.edu/ba-mdiv.
In other actions, trustees:
-- approved a $23.5 million budget for 2019-2020.
-- approved faculty rank promotions for Blake Newsom to associate professor of expository preaching, ministry-based faculty, Bo Rice to associate professor of evangelism and preaching and Adam Harwood to professor of theology.
-- approved tenure for Kevin Brown, associate professor of church and community ministries; Bo Rice; and Jeff Farmer, associate professor of church ministry and evangelism.
Gary D. Myers is director of public relations for New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary.
Refugee crisis: NOBTS students share Gospel
FROM THE SEMINARIES: Lyon named VP for NOBTS enrollment; Pace & Ronjour Locke assume new SEBTS posts; SBTS adds Westerholm in music & worship
TRUSTEES: New VP position approved at NOBTS
NOBTS: Dew presents vision for first year in office
Jamie Dew elected pres. of New Orleans Seminary
FROM THE SEMINARIES: SEBTS' first two graduates from Hunt Scholars Program; MBTS Master of Arts in Biblical Counseling degree; NOBTS chapel celebrates achievements
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1700
|
__label__wiki
| 0.638946
| 0.638946
|
Learn English or leave? Mind your language, Mr. Cameron
By Shaista Aziz, Globe and Mail |
British Prime Minister David Cameron has called on Muslim women to learn English if they want to better integrate themselves in British society and counter radicalization.
In an article written for The Times newspaper, Mr. Cameron announced a $41-million program to improve the integration of Muslim women through promoting English language skills. The government claims 22 per cent of Muslim women in the United Kingdom – more than 190,000 women – speak little or no English.
From October, individuals arriving in the U.K. on a five-year spousal visa will be made to take a test half way through to check their grasp of English. If these women don’t meet the required standards of English, Mr. Cameron says he “can’t guarantee that they’ll be able to stay.”
This is misguided, to put it mildly: The Prime Minister is lecturing and threatening one of the most marginalized, vulnerable and scapegoated groups of people in society. If they fail to integrate, they could face being removed from the country.
On BBC radio, the Prime Minister said Monday, “If you’re not able to speak English, you’re not able to integrate, you may find, therefore, that you have challenges understanding what your identity is and you could be more susceptible to the extremist message that comes from Daesh.”
By linking immigrant Muslim women’s isolation and vulnerability to global terrorism and countering extremism, the Cameron government is only further alienating these women, leaving them even more open to being the targets of Islamophobic hate crime which continue to rise in Europe and North America.
If Mr. Cameron’s government is serious about immigrant women learning English, it first needs to reverse the deep funding cuts it has made to organizations providing these services.
Of course, speaking English is going to assist any woman living in the U.K. and will help her to navigate through her daily life with more confidence and ease. But no amount of learning English is going to help integrate a woman if her and her ilk are marked as a problem and a catalyst for fragmenting society.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1702
|
__label__wiki
| 0.571984
| 0.571984
|
Bmw hybrid car
BMW Hybrid Car: German Engineering Brilliance and Elegance fitted with Revolutionary Hybrid Technology, A combination of Style and Performance Joining the number of Car manufacturers that have been concerned for the growing demand for environment friendly cars, German car manufacturing giant BMW has announced that they too would soon be producing and selling Hybrid cars. Within the next four years, BMW will be providing its own version of the phenomenal and popular hybrid car. Knowing the many innovations and excellent qualities BMW has contributed to the motor world, we can be sure that this would be another automotive engineering breakthrough that would set the par others would follow. BMW said that their Hybrid car would run on both Hydrogen and petroleum and this would be first infused in the 7 series BMW. Already, BMW has some of these cars test driven in different countries. Researchers and engineers are already staging some tests and are getting feedbacks to perfect their first hybrid car release. BMW doesn’t want to release just a beautiful looking car, they want one that will be truly environment friendly as well as performing beautifully. Deviating from the usual fuel cells used by other hybrid car manufacturers, BMW decided on using hydrogen-fuel combined with an internal combustion engine. This led to more research and development needed because of the demand of the engine to keep the hydrogen in liquid form, and this poses as a problem in keeping them cold enough to do just that. If the engine becomes too hot, the hydrogen may evaporate requiring frequent fill ups. Another quandary is keeping the hydrogen from evaporating while in transit to the engine. But BMW has said that it has found the solution to this problem. BMW sees hydrogen as the solution, but it would take about two more decades before a car can actually be run by hydrogen only. But they are positive that this is very achievable. BMW claims that for the past thirty years, they have been developing technology that could just lead to the first ever pure hydrogen vehicle. They already have a car that is being powered by water, a car that emits water vapor at the tailpipe, and are to retrieve hydrogen from sunlight. BMW has been focusing on Hydrogen as a great power source for cars because it is the best solution to the ever-worsening emissions from vehicles that contributes to environmental pollution. This is because hydrogen doesn’t have dangerous emissions, it poses no harm to the atmosphere, it doesn’t deplete natural resources, as it can be take from numerous recyclable sources. This is BMW's solution, powering vehicles with hydrogen produced from water through the use of solar energy. This advancement in technology is evident with the BMW 750hl production car showcased at the Expo 2000. Together with some of its partners, BMW may be behind in the mass production of Hybrid cars, but they are the forefront in Hybrid technology. Soon enough, we will all be the beneficiaries of all of these developments and innovations. Not only will we able to save up on gas money, we will also be saving the environment. Owning a Hybrid car doesn’t have to mean riding in cramped cars with low engine power. With the unveiling of the BMW hybrid car in the near future, you get sophistication, power, elegance and style while helping clean up our air.
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1705
|
__label__wiki
| 0.721034
| 0.721034
|
Psychedelic Latin Dance Party with Chicha Libre & DJ Bongohead
Hey everybody, I want to hip you to a very special live show coming to the area next month:
CHICHA LIBRE LIVE IN CONCERT, FEB. 9, MASSMOCA!!
It's gonna be a blast. Feel free to send around the e-flier art I made for this post!
Let me say first and foremost: ¡yo amo esta banda - I love this band - been following them from the start and I've had the opportunity to DJ a concert of theirs a couple of years ago, as well as license a few tracks for my compilations. As some of you out there may know, I work a quite a bit with the type of music the contemporary Brooklyn-based band Chicha Libre pays tribute to (Peruvian psychedelic cumbia and tropical sounds, like mambo and boogaloo, also from the Andean nation) as I have put together a few compilations of this type of music, working with various labels like World Music Network, Nascente, Vampisoul, and Masstropicas. So it's really exciting to DJ their upscoming show in North Adams.
At the start of the evening, and between sets and at the end of the live show, I will be spinning lots of rare tropical dance music from Peru - some of it available on Olivier Conan's compilations on Barbés Records, a few from Vampisoul, and of course, some of it on Mike P's various releases on Masstropicas, but also a fair amount of material that is not available anywhere around here, taken from out of print, rare vinyl from Peru. I will also play some French pop psychedelia from the 60s, for good measure, to help prepare people for some of Chicha Libre's "ye-ye" and Paris pop-lounge influenced numbers. I do hope you'll come and enjoy an evening of spicy psych-a-tropi-delic sounds! Should warm up the frigid new England February night of Saturday, the 9th!
For a little background, let's start at the beginning. As some of you may know, "chicha" is a name of a fermented drink (sometimes alcoholic) found in South America, of indigenous origin, and over the years has been used to describe a particular sort of sub-genre of Peruvian cumbia as well. I do not claim to be an expert in Peruvian tropical music, merely a fan. I have never been to Peru, though my family members have been and one of my friends is a musical artist from Lima so I feel a closeness and affinity without having actually experienced the place itself.
Chicha Libre's Paris-born leader Olivier Conan travelled to Peru and fell in love with the scene and history of chicha music (let me repeat, he's put out several compilations on Barbés Records, collections of actual cumbia from down there, which I've learned from to be sure). So that covers why the term "Chicha" kicks off the band's name... And in my opinion, the use of the word "Libre" (free) as the second part of the band's moniker is just as appropriate because the multi-talented members of this organization take a liberal and non-reverential approach to interpreting the genre, freely mixing in other sorts of strains and textures to concoct a mind-altering brew - several years on, Chicha Libre's sound is now highly original, not just an imitation or homage, the way it might have seemed in the early days.
They also do some super-dope cover versions that will blow your mind (wait - was that Wagner coming through those tropical waves of sound? Did i hear a re-imagined Satie? a spot-on classic song from Arthur Lee's Love??! The Clash!? AY Caramba! No wonder Matt Groening is a fan! Kind of like tasting something slightly familiar and finding it to be also enticingly strange at the same time, like a jungle scene seen through rose-colored glasses....like dude, that's not chicken you're eating, it's Guinea Pig!
Anyway, not to get too nerdy or over-done in explanations, I will just add that in the 70s/80s in Peru the term "chicha" was used by some in the media (perhaps derogatorially) to describe the tropical cumbia music that was popular among the mostly poor, working class indigenous and mestizo (mixed Indian, Black and Spanish) population. it was indeed a mongrel breed, mixing all sorts of influences, from psychedelic rock and twangy surf guitar to Colombian cumbia and Cuban son, with Indian melodies drawn from native traditions (like the huyano) just to bring it to the next level and put a personal stamp on things. Sadly, in the mainstream urban consciousness of the 70s and 80s, the music - like the drink - was seen as something worthless and immoral enjoyed only by the brown masses, with lyrical themes that could only come from that marginalized world and a perceived simplicity of musical composition that many critics deemed as impoverished as its fans. For many years the elite - i.e. whites - considered it uncouth and dirty music (though it is certainly more universally popular & accepted today), same as it was early on in its country of origin Colombia, as well as at first in Venezuela, Ecuador, and Argentina. In those countries, it was seen not only as lower class but as being 'cosa de negros' (a black thing), sort of beyond the pale for pal faces to enjoy. It was not really until later, in the 70s, that Colombian governmental and cultural pundits promoted the cumbia on as a symbol of national pride, recognizing it as a national music and symbol of 'mestizaje' (racial/cultural mixing), a concept in vogue at the time.
Though cumbia had been played in Peru since the 50s and 60s, it really took off in the 80s. Unlike in some other countries, Peruvian cumbia has regional variations, and is mostly guitar or electric keyboard based, heavily influenced by European and American pop music, as well as traditional Peruvian "criollo" guitar music. In the 60s and early 70s, Peruvian cumbia's "go-go" guitars and "beat" organs seemed mostly influenced by surf instrumentals and heavy Latin rock groups like Santana and El Chicano. Whereas in Colombia (and places like Mexico) you're more likely to hear brass & accordions, clarinets, flutes, the guacharaca (scraper) and folkloric drumming, and even Mariachi instrumentation when listening to classic cumbia, there seems to be a paucity of brass in Peru's approach to the instrumentation of the same genre. Of course in the 80s, with the advent of newer and more affordable technology, and the spread of cassettes, Peruvian cumbia proliferated and mutated, becoming awash in synthesizers and drum machines, cheap echo and flange effects, frosted with slick salsa stylings imported from Cali and New York, with tacky videos and the bands wearing matching outfits and sexy dancing ladies for eye candy. And to me, that's when chicha really came into its own. Though most Peruvian chicha and cumbia musicians are Indian or Mestizo, several bands had Chinese or Japanese members, and you cannot forget the Afro-Peruvian presence - very important (one of my favorite vocalists in tropical music from Lima is the Afro-Peruvian genius, Felix Martinez). Almost every popular band in the 60s & 70s had at last one black Peruvian member, something that is not openly acknowledged even today. The unique and innovative way Olivier Conan and his right hand man Joshua Camp approach these Peruvain traditions is really cool. Instead of playing an electric guitar, Olivier plays the small South-American acoustic guitar called a cuatro (not to be confused with the Puerto Rican guitar of the same name popularized by the late Yomo Toro), which he rhythmically strums through a pick-up (and amp) while crooning in French, Spanish, and English. Mr. Camp plays various freaky keyboard and guitar sounds through his Hohner Electravox, a totally cool chest-mounted squeeze-box thang that helps him get alarmingly diverse sounds for all the band's other melodic needs (it's not really a conventional accordion, more like a spirit-medium in the guise of an accordion). Filling out the group's kaleidoscopically tropical palette is Karina Colis on timbales, bass player Nicholas Cudahy, and Vincent Douglas handles the electric guitar duties (you KNOW there has to be electric guitar in their magical brew!), and multi-percussionist Neil Ocha rounds out the lineup with some very tight beats.
One thing I can say, for those of you not yet exposed, is chicha - and Peruvian cumbia in general (there's a variant from the jungle sometimes called 'cumbia amazonica') - sure ain't that "Andean flute music" you hear on every subway platform in New York, LOL! And Chicha Libre ain't your typical chicha band, neither. And I like it like that!
For those of you in the area, I urge you and your families to come on over the mountains to see Chicha Libre at MassMOCA this month as it will be very fun and it's a great place to hear and dance to the band!
For any potential people thinking of coming out, it may be a bit tricky to describe the band's sound in detail, but I guess you could say Chicha Libre has touches of humor, soundtrack modalities, and jungle kitsch, but with the funky tropical beats of cumbia and salsa making it highly danceable, with a shimmering dose of psychedelia thrown in for good measure. Here's what I wrote about Chicha Libre in one of my recent compilations (The Rough Guide to Latin Psychedelia, to be released in April of this year):
Ending this trip through the land of Latin Psychedelia with Chicha Libre as our guide seems wholly appropriate. Though steeped in the wild Amazonian cumbia and chicha genres of 60s - 80s Peru, this Brooklyn-based sextet led by intrepid French adventurer Olivier Conan has an equally contemporary vibe. Much of the band’s music is as inspired by spiritual ayahuasca journeys through the jungle as it is by loopy humor or ethnomusicology, which may lead one to conclude: so that’s why there is such a rich vein of psychedelic music in Peru!
On the prevalence of the electric guitar in Peruvian tropical music, I wrote:
In Peru, guitarists like Enrique Delgado and his combo Los Destellos (The Sparkles), El Opio, and Los Pakines were taking in influences as disparate as California surf instrumentals, Jimi Hendrix freakouts, the ubiquitous Santana, bubble-gum pop, indigenous “criollo” and Andean traditions, as well as the usual tropical and Cuban strains that remained popular from previous generations.
What the good folks at MassMOCA wrote:
Combining Latin rhythms, surf music, and psychedelic pop inspired by Peruvian music from Lima and the Amazon, Chicha Libre is a party waiting to erupt wherever they play. The Brooklyn-based band mixes up covers of forgotten Chicha classics with French-tinged originals, reinterpretations of 70s pop gems, and wild cumbia versions of songs you thought you'd never hear on the dance floor.
From the band's web site:
Chicha Libre plays a mixture of Latin rhythms, surf and psychedelic pop inspired by Peruvian music from Lima and the Amazon. The Brooklyn collective is made up of French, American, Venezuelan and Mexican musicians who mix up covers of Peruvian Chicha with original compositions in French, Spanish and English, re-interpretation of 70’s pop classics as well as cumbia versions of pieces by likes of Satie, Love and Wagner.Chicha is originally the name of a corn-based liquor favored by the Incas in pre-colombian days. Chicha is also the name of Peru’s particular brand of cumbia first made popular in the late 60′s by bands such as Los Destellos, Manzanita, Los Mirlos and Juaneco y su Combo. While loosely inspired by Colombian accordion-driven cumbias, chicha incorporated the distinctive pentatonic scales of Andean melodies, some Cuban son, and the sounds of surf guitars, farfisa organs and moog synthesizers; an oddly post-modern combination of western psychedelia, Cuban and Colombian rhythms, national melodies and idiosyncratic inventions which were close in spirit to the Congolese rumba of Franco or the pop syncretism of Os Mutantes.While Chicha Libre’s repertoire has evolved somewhat from the Peruvian canon, the sound and approach are completely indebted to the Peruvian bands it originally emulated. Like them, they use surf guitar, organ sounds and latin percussion to play a mixture of borrowed and homegrown sounds. The borrowings are somewhat different – classical music and pop debris from 3 continents in Chicha Libre’s case – but the latin rhythms that form the basis of the music are both as close and as foreign to them as they were to the Shipibo Indians who first took up the electric guitar.Chicha Libre has performed around the world, including Turkey, The UK, Germany, Portugal, Belgium, Denmark, Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, the US, Canada and, of course, Peru. They have showcased at WOMEX, in Copenhagen, and Globalfest, in NYC. They have played in Los angeles with guitarist Jose Carballo, of Chacalon y la Nueva Crema fame, in Lima with Los Shapis and in Berlin with Ranil, the legendary cumbiero from Iquitos. They have toured with cambodian psych-band Dengue Fever and shared the stage with bands as varied as Brazilian Girls, The Skatalites, Frente Cumbiero and the Orchestre Poly-rythmo de Cotonou.
Chicha Libre’s music has been featured in the TV show Weeds and a Simpsons 20th anniversary special in which they were asked to play the Simpsons theme “chicha” style alongside the likes of Red Hot Chili Pepper and ZZ Top. They have also scored a Vaclav Havel play which was performed at Colombia’s Miller theater in the author’s presence and two Charlie Chaplin films which they performed at NY’s prestigious Merkin Hall. Their first CD, Sonido Amazonico, is available from Barbès Records in North America, Crammed Disc in Europe and Random Records in South America. Their follow up Album, Canibalismo, is due May 8, 2012 on Crammed Discs/Barbès Records.
Labels: chicha libre, cumbia, Latin, MassMOCA, Peru, salsa, tropical dance
What a fun night!
This was a really fun dance jam - the crowd was swingin', Spanglish Fly was hot-hot-hot, and Turmix celebrated his birthday - and the 2nd anniversary of his Nublu Boogaloo Party - in style! Harvey averne was there, Caz and Bosq were there, Jose Conde was there, and we played a lot of crazy old records. I am looking forward to coming again in a couple of months to do it "otra vez" in March (March 8th, to be exact). See you there! —Bongohead
Labels: boogaloo, codigo, dj turmix, fania, latin soul, spanglish fly, vinyl
Psychedelic Latin Dance Party with Chicha Libre & ...
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1706
|
__label__cc
| 0.67455
| 0.32545
|
Osteosarcoma Overview
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of cancer of the bone. It is the third most common malignancy in children and adolescents, accounting for approximately 5% of all cancers in these age groups. In children and adolescents, 50% of osteosarcomas arise from the bones around the knee. The cause of most cases of osteosarcoma is unknown although a genetic predisposition is suspected. The main known cause of osteosarcoma is radiation therapy. Osteosarcoma is a relatively frequent complication in survivors of childhood cancers treated with radiation therapy with a latency period of 15-20 years.[1][2]
Osteosarcoma originates most frequently in the thigh bone (distal femur), lower leg (proximal tibia) or upper arm (proximal humerus). Symptoms of osteosarcoma depend on the extent of disease, but may include pain, swelling, localized enlargement of the extremity and, occasionally, a bone fracture without trauma. At the time of diagnosis, approximately 80% of patients have localized osteosarcoma and the remainder have metastatic osteosarcoma.
It is imperative that patients with diagnosed or suspected osteosarcoma undergo an evaluation by an orthopedic oncologist who is familiar with surgical management of this disease. Patients should undergo this evaluation prior to an initial biopsy, since an inappropriately performed biopsy may jeopardize a subsequent limb-sparing procedure.
There are several methods for diagnosing osteosarcoma. At this time, controversy exists over which of these methods is optimal.
Open Incisional Biopsy: An open incisional biopsy involves a wide incision through the skin in order to expose the suspicious mass so that a tissue sample can be removed and analyzed in a laboratory. Complications occur in approximately 16% of patients that receive this type of biopsy. In some cases, these complications could lead to unnecessary amputation.
Percutaneous Biopsy: A percutaneous biopsy, is an effective method for making a diagnosis before surgery. Since most patients are currently treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it is important to make the diagnosis prior to surgery. A percutaneous core needle biopsy is a procedure in which a small needle with a hollow core is placed into the suspicious mass and a tissue sample is collected. This procedure uses computed tomography (CT) or fluoroscopy to help guide the biopsy needle.[3] In a recent study of 110 primary bone tumors, a percutaneous biopsy resulted in accurate diagnosis in all but 13 cases.
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB): FNAB is another type of biopsy in which a very fine needle is placed into the mass for the collection of a cell sample, and is less invasive than the percutaneous biopsy. However, an adequate number of cells are difficult to obtain through FNAB, often times resulting in the need for a patient to undergo a repeat biopsy. One study using FNAB resulted in a conclusive diagnosis in only 65% of 40 patients.[4]
Other: Additional tests may help determine the extent or stage of osteosarcoma. X-ray examinations commonly detect bone destruction and increased bone formation caused by osteosarcoma. Computed tomography (CT) scans and bone scans using isotopes are recommended as part of the staging process to detect lung and bone metastases, respectively.
The process of identifying the extent of the cancer is called staging. Accurately identifying the stage of a cancer helps determine what treatment will be most effective. Staging is particularly important for determining whether a cancer has spread from its original site to other parts of the body. Although there are more sophisticated staging systems for patients with osteosarcoma, it is most convenient to categorize the cancer as localized, metastatic, and recurrent.
Localized Osteosarcoma Localized cancers are limited to the bone of origin. In these cases, smaller tumors that are separate from the primary cancer, called “local skip metastases”, may be apparent within the bone, indicating a worse prognosis. Approximately 50% of primary osteosarcomas occur in the upper leg. Of these, 80% arise adjacent to the knee joint in young patients. Other primary sites are the lower leg, upper arm, pelvis, jaw, and ribs.
Metastatic Osteosarcoma Metastatic osteosarcoma has spread beyond the primary site of origin. Metastatic disease is diagnosed when staging tests reveal evidence of disease in the lung, other bones, or other distant sites. More than 80% of patients with metastatic osteosarcoma have cancer that has spread to the lung. The second most common site of spread is another bone.
Recurrent Osteosarcoma Patients with recurrent osteosarcoma have disease that has recurred after a complete response or have disease that was not eradicated with initial treatment. The most common sites for recurrent osteosarcoma are the lungs and bone.
[1]Bielack SS, Kempf-Bielack B, et al. for the Cooperative German-Austrian-Swiss Osteosarcoma Study Group: Combined modality treatment for osteosarcoma occurring as a second malignant disease. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1999;17:1164-1174.
[2]Tabone MD, Terrier P, Pacquement H, et al. Outcome of radiation-related osteosarcoma after treatment of childhood and adolescent cancer: a study of 23 cases. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1999;17: 2789-2795
[3]Jelinek JS, Murphey MD, Welker JA, et al. Diagnosis of primary bone tumors with image-guided percutaneous biopsy: experience with 110 tumors. Radiology 2002;223:731-737.
[4]Dodd LG, Scully SP, Cothran RL, et al. Utility of fine-needle aspiration in the diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma. Diagn Cytopathol 2002;27:350-353.
Tags: Uncategorized, Uncategorized
|
cc/2019-30/en_head_0051.json.gz/line1709
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.