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Page 12, 30th November 1979
Page 12, 30th November 1979 — Full in the panting heart of Brighton
Religion / Belief
Organisations: Second Vatican Council, Anglican Church, Church of the Resurrection, Established Church, Catholic Church, Stanford, Hanovarian court
People: Maria Fitzherbert, Roman Catholics, Constance Kent, Robert Bogan, John Fisher, Thomas More, Hayden
Locations: Rome, Brighton, Wellington
Family: A Community Of Faith
Page 8 from 27th March 1987
Films By Grace Conway
Page 3 from 2nd January 1948
C.t.s. Congress At Brighton What The Workman Said
Page 2 from 9th September 1938
"i Respectfully Salute You
Page 3 from 24th February 1950
Brighton's Tale Of Two Bishops
Page 10 from 27th October 1989
Full in the panting heart of Brighton
Keywords: Church Architecture, Catholic Liturgy, Grade I Listed Buildings In East Sussex, Brighton And Hove, Royal Pavilion, Brighton, Altar, Rood Screen, Maria Fitzherbert, Roman Rite, St Michael's Church, Brighton, St Paul's Church, Brighton, Religion / Belief
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YOU can have the city of Rome if you leave me Bright on . Brighton has the advantage of a doubtlessly bracing sea front. Otherwise there are certain points of similarity. Both have a lot of pillars and pilasters.
Both are handsome. Both are eccentric. Both are vastly entertaining. Rome has the Via Veneto; Brighton has Hove. Both are plagued with mean crime though there is so much to do in Brighton that the delinquency of youth cannot here be blamed on their being nothing for them to do in the evening. Both are crowded with churches and both are specialised religious centres, that at Brighton being once known as the Brighton and South Coast Religion after the railway line that once served It.
This is a particularly ritualistic form of Anglican worship that has adopted the more baroque forms of the Roman liturgy. They were also the people who restored to the Anglican Church its care for the poor and the uninfluential and they brought splendour to slums and sent many a lonely woman back to her bed-sit on Sunday having touched her with glory. It is a most graceless thing for a Catholic to laugh at or resent them for emulating our customs and polities.
Brighton has a peculiar history. At about 1800 there was only one church. What there was were proprietory chapels. These were frankly clerical investments. An ordained clergyman would open a private chapel and charge pew rents and subscriptions and if he were a good preacher he became a fairly expensive form of Sunday entertainment — for the well-todo. Some of them even excluded the liveried servants of the rich.
Then along came the Wagner family. I urn told that they came over as hatters to the Hanovarian court and became immensely rich.
With a boost from the Duke of Wellington, three generations of them became vicars of or in Brighton. They started as "middle stump" Anglicans and ended, in the Revd Arthur Douglas Wagner, in changing, the ecclesiastical landscape of Brighton.
Only a hundred years ago the taint of popery was genuinely and popularly hated and some of the Catholicisers got into fearful trouble. A few even went to prison for breaking the laws about church practice. A. D: Wagner's worst experience was probably that with Constance Kent in 1865. At the age of 16 she murdered her halfbrother who was four. She was tried and for want of evidence was discharged.
She came under Father Wagner's influence and
confessed that she had killed. He told her that she was bound to inform the civil authorities. He took her to Bow Street. She was tried. She got penal servitude for life.
Ile refused to give evidence at her trial under the seal of confession. It was regarded as a clear case of a Papist sort of corruption of the innocent.
A. D. Wagner was stoned, set upon by rogues, and had his windows byoken. More than that it beearne known that Miss Kent had tried to give him £1,000 for his causes. Wisely he had refused and he survived.
Spangled lace and tiers of angels
Ills FATHER made him priest-in-charge of St. Paul's in Brighton. This was a new gothic church opened in 1848. Archdeacon Manning, at the time a favourite for the highest promotion in the Established Church, preached on the occasion. Later he poped and was made Cardinal. A. D. Wagner took it over in 1850.
Unless you are in the know, you might pass it by. It has been hemmed in by the worst excesses of the Brighton planners and is loomed at by a multi-storey car park. Though it has few resident parishoners, it flourishes. And you can see why.
Basically it is decent, bare gothic revival. But they have flung a great rood screen across it and beyond it at the end of a long choir. there is a rich high altar, looking mysterious and splendid behind wrought iron gates.
Here they obey almost all the rules of the Second Vatican Council. They have built a new free standing altar in front of the rood screen. It is on a massive scale at the top of steps. It has
gorgeous fronials and an antique French communion rail all around it.
Two side altars have precious painted reredos. There is more spangled lace than you might find on our altars. There is a Victorian masterpiece of a lectern made up of tiers of brass angels with the last and highest of them in the act of incensing.
The tiny thurible used to be a working model but some sneak thief nicked it. They have, like everyone else, to keep the church locked unless there is someone there.
In summer it is a minor tourist attraction its well as a place of prayer. There are stained glass windows to SS Thomas More and John Fisher in the porch. They can turn out a full choir and orchestra which do Mozart and Hayden rather than Stanford in A.
I was staying withthe vicar and slipped in for his early Eucharist. I am always vividly aware of the apparent discourtesy of one's non-participation — but rules are rules, or most of them are.
It was a week day, eight o'clock in the morning and there were about eight people and a server at the side altar.
Only here and there was a phrase just very slightly different.
Fr. Milburn — I will not use the inverted commas — wore a maniple, which many of you have never heard of.
Someone bothered to come to the back of the church to give me the kiss of peace, which I returned. I heard no cocks crowing but felt the prickling of a social conscience at my ritual stuffiness to a most civilised and busy vicar who had treated me with a more than Roman hospitality.
Another Brighton church is St. Bartholemew's. From the same stable. This is not Gothic but sort of Early Roman basilica. It is vast. It towers in brick red over the town like a stranded ark and it is said to have been built to the measurements of the Ark. No wonder Noah got so much inside.
It used to be famous for its liturgy which was accompanied by a large choir and orchestra — with drums. It has a silver fronted altar. It has a huge bakiehino over the High Altar of almost Petrine proportions. .1-he confessionals look like off shoots of the Royal Pavilion.
It used to be packed. especially in the late 20s, when without support from bishops. the tide seemed to be turning in the Anglo-Catholic favour.
Here you could hardly see for the incense which was sometimes whirled around in cartwheels. This is not to be recommended. It sometimes makes the charcoal burst into flames and would never be allowed by Fire Prevention °Myers. The clergy Wore birettas and the congregation left to the tune of sonic morceau like the Grand March from Aida.
The Brighton city planners — whose speciality is killing geese that lay golden eggs — were appalled by the height of this church which caused a down draught that made local chimneys smoke. D. A. Wagner bought the affected houses and cut their rents and there were no more complaints.
But they refused permission for a similar church. So this. the Church of the Resurrection, was largely excavated. Entrance was by a grand staircase going down. But the damp won in the end and when last I read of it, it was a meat freezing depot.
So there are more things to
Brighton than two piers, an aquarium, a mad palace, a still glorious water front and a rather raffish reputation.
The three rings of Mrs Fitzherbert
ONE of the Catholic churches in Brighton is of overwhelming interest. St John the Baptist's is elegantly built in the style of a temple, a massive one. It has a pillared porch which opens onto what was once a great, gentlemanly room where you could as well have held a hunt ball as attended Mass.
It was the first Catholic church built in Brighton after the Reformation and was consecrated by a real bishop in 1835. lt is older than that,
Though secluded, it is not humble, In the late 19th Century, they added an extraordinary and completely contradictory, threeatsled sanctuary on to the end. It sounds odd. The result is Spectacular. There is the plain great chamber and then at the end there is this explosion of aisles and altars and colours and arcades.
To make this they had to remove a statue of the church's patron, the Baptist, baptising Christ. It stands now, very cool and calm in an 'alcove.
There is a wild choir loft of enchanting oddnes.s and, all in all, it is one of the pleasantest of our churches in England.
When I went in, a group of about twenty were sitting in three rows murmuring Lauds which are now the morning prayers of the church. Roughly it consists of three psalms, scripture readings, the Benedictus and some in The priests of the parish used to do it regularly among themselves and then the laity asked if they could join in and sometimes there are rows of them. old and young. priests and nuns and they know the drill! It's not the least bit theatrical and is as natural as prayer. I'd never seen it before anywhere.
There was a minor tumult in the sacristy where innumerable taw boys were getting ready to prepare for the main Mass of the day (still a week day). They hehaved like rabbits lolloping round a burrow and seemed as happy as a load of Larries.
But it was not for this that I had come to this magnificent Church. There is a small square stone in
the centre or the aisle that announced it covered the vault of Maria Fitzherbert.
On the wall of the nave is a rather clumsy memorial carving of a handsome and commanding woman, large, not fat, kneeling in prayer. Her left hand hangs by her side and on it are three wedding rings.
She was thrice married, the last time to the Prince Regent. She was one of the fine flowers of the recusancy and she was largely responsible for the building of this church.
Whenever I have to or choose to write about Mrs Fitzherbert, which is often, I always get at least one fact wrong. 1r you care about this honourable woman or arc interested in this extraordinary royal marriage, Father Robert Bogan has written a most exact account of the legal and the canonical background to this love between a sad and vulgar roue and a good woman of the politically and legally wrong faith. It's called Three Wedding Rings.
It will cost you a quid, including postage from the church shop across the road. This is called Bernadette's, Bristol Road, Brighton, Sussex. But go and see the place anyway. It is one of Brighton's many and more sober delights.
A bastion against nuns
I see that the town planning committee of Bournemouth has rejected the application of some unruly gaggle of nuns to buy a small hotel and turn it into a convent with a public chapel attached.
The estate agent who acted in the sale of the hotel said, "-I-he nuns are very disappointed. The planning committee felt that people turning up for Mass at six o'clock in the morning and slamming ear doors would upset people living nearby." There are moments of reassurement when one knows that there is nothing basically wrung with England. As long as there are planning committees like this to watch over our interests, England will remain itself.
The people of Southbourne Road in Bournemouth can now sleep sale and secure in their beds o'nights, knowing that the planning committee with its great grey wings outstretched is hovering over their morals and mental health.
For who indeed wants a pack of rovidy nuns in a hitherto respectable street? And those hordes, literally hordes, of people going to the six am. Mass every day, some of them Irish, all with those clangorous car doors for which Catholics arc notorious, shouting to each other in the dawn darkness unsuitable greetings.
But its worse than that, The Order concerned is that of the Hand Maids of the Sacred Heart and if there are any real hand maids going. Bournemouth has need of them in her basement kitchens. ns.
T of the religious excesses that will disturb Southbourne Road! F.verytime a nun dies — the Verdi Requiem and who can sleep through that or watch the wrestling on the box?
There may be the alien scent of incense caught in the laurel bushes. And the nuns are unlikely to justify themselves by boosting trade as much as an hotel. Also they may dress funny. And goodness knows what their family backgrounds are.
I am not at all bigotted. I believe that when members of planning committees die they all become Roman Catholics.
They had to do their duty and, by George, they've done it. Whether or no they have since changed their minds, I cannot say. I somehow did not want to telephone them.
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Kyoorius
Designyatra
Fyiday
Kyoorius Knocks
Sketchnotes: Sadhna Prasad
by Sonaksha Iyengar
She never coloured leaves green, mountains brown and skies blue because that’s not how she saw them in her head. Sadhna Prasad, illustrator and visual designer enjoys using abstract images to communicate. “It’s easier because I don’t want people to know everything about me,” she says, confessing that the abstractness helps her navigate through her thoughts with honesty.
After a two-year foundation course from Srishti School of Art, Design and Technology, Bangalore and a program in animation at DSK International Campus, Pune she decided to leave; she noticed the lack of style in her work, which became a constant worry. So she chose to do a Master of Arts in Illustration from Camberwell College of Arts, London.
The first time she saw a call for the Adobe x Colossal – The World’s Biggest Student Art Show application, she decided it was too ambitious. After repeatedly stumbling upon the posters, she decided to go ahead and send her application. Many Skype interviews and weeks of wait later, she was shortlisted to have her ‘Unique Perspective of the World’ painted on a wall in Brooklyn, New York. She chirped, “They liked my outlook of the world and the way I brought playfulness into a serious topic, so I didn’t have to change much about my style of expression.”
Sadhna’s art combines the brightest shades of the colour wheel with repetitive geometry and seemingly strange characters that display an uncanny familiarity with oneself. “I usually start with blocks of colour, trying to see what works, and then draw the silhouettes, layering them,” she says about the process of her illustrations.
Talking about the messages in her art, she says, “I was researching stereotypes for a project in London and it’s so difficult to change the perspective of a person without being preachy.” Sadhna experiences the world through the complexity of colours and intends to influence existing stereotypes through the ideas she subtly synthesizes in her work.
“People don’t get offended because it’s happening in a parallel world, but they are still able to relate to some elements, which at least starts a conversation,” she says mentioning her graduation project, The Wayback that follows a girl’s journey to find her missing doll.
Currently working as a visual designer and illustrator for Ajay Shah Design Studio and Rubberband Products, Sadhna’s journey on The Roadtrip Experience Project helped her understand the kind of work she wanted to do after returning from London.
“I went on the trip without reading up on any of the places because I wanted to work on projects about the people and places as I saw them,” she excitedly talks about her recent adventure. The project that aims to bring together wanderers and artists, to unlearn and collaborate, helped Sadhna become more confident about her work.
“I met these people who were just so comfortable about what they do and seeing them so secure about it made me realise that it’s not about the perfection,” she says. Many painted walls, sketchbooks and postcard collaborations later, Sadhna intends to continue dwelling on merging various forms of art to create an eventful experience with her work.
With a newfound love for collaborations and a rekindled enthusiasm to work on her pet project of a narrative mural on a road trip from Kashmir to Kanyakumari, Sadhna Prasad has always been an ardent admirer of uncertainty. “I don’t want to know everything. I just want to be busy,” she says.
Colours as her weapons and dreamy worlds mingled with memories as companions, visit her website or Behance profile to view more of her work.
TAGS Adobe, Colours, illustration, Sadhna Prasad, Sketchnotes, The Roadtrip Experience Project, Visual Designer
Sketchnotes: Saloni Sinha
Sketchnotes: Manas Gupta
Sketchnotes: Antima Nahar
Sketchnotes: Sagar Shah
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Kyoorius 29: a new start. And the last issue of Kyoorius Magazine.
I don’t want to change anything
Typography : Pooja Saxena
KDY14 Diaries: Day 02 – ‘What If’
The Art of Interaction: Bombay Arts by Vishal Rawlley
Story Boxes: Appupen
Crystal Waters and Jewel-Hued Skies: Just Vizag by Navin Bahirwani
Guest Post: Z’s tips for you (Part Two)
Garima Gupta
Bridging the Gap Between the Final Frontier
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The Biggest Challenge for Mobile Ads? Showing That They Work.
April 15, 2013 at 4:01 pm PT
Stop me if you’ve heard this one before: We’re shifting from desktop computing to a mobile world.
Cool for phone sales (see Apple and Samsung)! Not so cool, however, for ad sales execs, who have spent the past two decades trying to sell Web real estate to advertisers. Now they’ve got to figure out how to sell that space on even smaller screens.
Enter Google’s Jason Spero and Millennial Media’s Mollie Spilman, two of the people charged with figuring out how to usher in (read: sell) a new era of online advertising.
The biggest problem? Helping advertisers see when their mobile ads are actually working.
“Until you can show [that tracking connection], they’re not going to pay as much for it,” Google’s Spero said at our D: Dive Into Mobile conference. “We’re investing heavily in helping people track the value.”
It’s obviously not a Google-only problem. Others, especially Facebook and Twitter, are trying to figure out ways to tie things like tweets and shares directly to consumer activity, and to show just how far something like a promoted tweet really goes for an advertiser willing to shell out a hundred grand on it.
It’s also likely the reason that advertisers aren’t willing to spend as much on a mobile ad compared to, say, a desktop ad or traditional media ads in print or on TV.
“Sometimes [advertiser activity] is coming from this test sort of mentality,” Spilman said.
Ever the optimists, Spilman and Spero are confident that things are looking up. “It’s becoming more mainstream and mandatory that mobile is part of the marketing budget or media spend,” Spilman said.
The best way to build on that, Spero said, is ultimately to make the tools to figure out if it’s actually working better over time.
“We have a responsibility that our customers can attribute the maximum amount of what they’re buying … and to make that scalable,” Spero said.
Tagged with: Dive Into Mobile, Google, Jason Spero, Millennial Media, Mollie Spilman
I think the NSA has a job to do and we need the NSA. But as (physicist) Robert Oppenheimer said, “When you see something that is technically sweet, you go ahead and do it and argue about what to do about it only after you’ve had your technical success. That is the way it was with the atomic bomb.”
— Phil Zimmerman, PGP inventor and Silent Circle co-founder, in an interview with Om Malik
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Eliza Spencer
Journalist and Copywriter
Track Review: Many Rooms – ‘Which Is To Say, Everything’
February 2, 2018 July 19, 2018 Eliza Spencer
Music Insight, February 2018
‘Which Is To Say, Everything’ is the first single from Many Rooms, the project of Houston-based artist Brianna Hunt. Her debut album, There Is A Presence Here, follows her 2015 EP, Hollow Body.
Hunt’s airy vocals seem almost distant as she reflects on life, death and being. Straining to hear her among the pulsating beat that soars and unravels to its own fading end, listeners are found more in the experience of the song than its lyrical understanding.
The muffled, lo-fi guitar is both scant and vulnerable, diverging from the song’s structure to convey a sense of disassociation experienced by Hunt herself.
At once grand and painfully sparse, a deep weight is felt throughout the track. Unsettling and beautiful, “Which Is To Say, Everything” conjures memories of late nights considering our place in the world and the indiscernible will to keep going even when “death sounds somewhat sweet.”
Reminiscent of Keaton Henson, Julien Baker and Bon Iver, There Is A Presence Here looks to be a haunting dive into darkness, and will release on April 13 through Other People Records.
In the meantime, you can listen to ‘Which Is To Say, Everything’ below.
Writingmusic, review
Eliza is a Sydney-based freelance journalist, copywriter and photographer dabbling in marketing and social media management.
Shamelessly addicted to strong coffees and always finding an excuse to be by the ocean, she is a local news reporter for the Sydney Sentinel and Communications Coordinator for Opportunity International Australia.
Copyright © Eliza Spencer
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Michele Campbell is a graduate of Harvard College and Stanford Law School and a former federal prosecutor in New York City who specialized in international narcotics and gang cases.
Her latest novel is The Wife Who Knew Too Much.
At The Strand Magazine, Campbell tagged eight female-led thrillers with a "frothy concoction of thrills, friendship, glamor and humor," including:
The Mountains Wild by Sarah Stewart Taylor.
A gorgeously written thriller that explores the difficult relationship between two cousins. Hard-edged detective Maggie gets a call when new evidence turns up in the decades-old disappearance of her wayward cousin Erin. The narrative time-shifts between Ireland, where Erin disappeared, and the Long Island beaches of their girlhood, detailing the cousins’ intense friendship as well as the twists and turns of the murder investigation. Dark and gripping.
The Page 69 Test: The Mountains Wild.
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Population Distribution - CSO - Central Statistics Office.
Ireland: Counties - Map Quiz Game: There are 32 counties on the island. The Republic of Ireland comprises 26 counties, while Northern Ireland accounts for the remaining 6 counties. In Northern Ireland, counties are no longer used for local government; districts are instead used.
The population of Leinster now stands at over 1.8 million. Historically, county Meath, now part of Leinster, is the ancient seat of the high kings with its infamous capital of Tara and the early Celtic site of Newgrange. Encompassing the counties of Carlow, Dublin, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Longford, Louth, Meath, Offaly, Westmeath, Wexford and Wicklow, the Province of Leinster's landscape is.
This map of the Province of Munster is the first to concentrate on the Southwest of Ireland and the first of the Kingdom or Province of the ancient region of Munster. Geographically, the map draws on an amalgam of sources, including Ortelius, Mercator, Saxton and Camden but it does have a great deal of new information; this is particularly true of its portrayal of the towns of Limerick and.
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Cities and Towns map. Primary Schools Senior. Ireland is today mapped from Aerial photography and on the ground using the Global Positioning System Place Names and how they came about. Place names are used to identify places and to help with communications. The majority of Placenames in Ireland were in the Irish language. These names were anglicised when they were first published on Ordnance.
Ireland, Ireland Travel, Ireland Travel Guide, Ireland Hotel, Ireland Restaurant, Ireland Map of Leinster, Ireland Travel Guide.
Mayo is Ireland's third biggest county and, as a result, has a wide-ranging choice of medium and large towns as well as a host of small villages across the landscape of the county. Mayo is a place of character and charm enhanced by its history and heritage, with towns, villages and people to capture your heart. The visitor can choose to explore any of the smaller, less populated villages to.
Map: Leinster 6437 Around 1,000 kilometres north-east of Perth, in the northern Goldfields, lies the unique town of Leinster — where everyone has a job, free housing, and free access to the gym.
Donegal Main Towns. County Donegal; Tourist Attractions; Main Towns; Map; Links. Annagry A beautifully situated village in the heart of the Irish speaking Rosses. Rannafast, west of the village, is a district renowned for summer schools in the Irish language. Just as you enter the village there is a nature walk, signposted right, which takes you to a viewpoint where you can better appreciate.
Today, when Irish talk about the provinces of Ireland, they mean Leinster, Ulster, Munster and Connaught. However, historically there were more than 4 provinces: others included Breifne (between Ulster and Connaught), Oriel (around county Armagh) and Meath (the northern half of Leinster). The map below shows the 4 provinces of Ireland as they currently exist. The borders of these provinces.
Get directions, maps, and traffic for Drogheda,. Check flight prices and hotel availability for your visit.
Of the 41 settlements with a population of 10,000 or more, 27 are located in Leinster, 9 are in Munster, 3 in Connacht and 2 in Ulster (part of). The population and percentage change since 2011 of Ireland's largest towns is presented in Table 1.1.
MyTribe101 Ltd., Officepods, 15A Main St, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, A94 T8P8, Ireland. Company number: 482158.
About 23-24 Leinster Gardens Address: 23-24 Leinster Gardens, London, Greater London, England, W2 3BH Attraction Type: Historic Building - Landmark Location: At the southern end of Leinster Gardens, on the west side of the street. Easy access on foot from Bayswater and Queensway underground stations. Location map.
Leinster Rugby News. Here you will find all of Leinster Rugbys news updates including match previews and reports, live game footage and fan news.
A detailed map of Leinster, divided into boroughs, cities and towns, including post towns, which are identified separately. Also identified are natural features, post roads and 'subsisting barracks'. There is a decorative, baroque cartouche, and the scales shown are British and Irish miles. The map was engraved for The London Magazine, or Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer which appeared from.
The last Ice Age melted away some 10,000 years ago, and that dramatic event created the English Channel, Irish Sea and hundreds of rivers and lakes. Great Britain and Ireland (long attached to the European continent) were now islands, and cultural history was about to change. The Celtic people occupied great stretches of land across central Europe by 500 BC.
Irish Historic Towns Atlas Online: Kildare. Irish Historic Towns Atlas no. 1 Kildare by J.H. Andrews was originally published in 1986. The online version contains the cover, general abbreviations, essay, topographical information, select bibliography, maps 1, 2 and 3 and the legend sheet to map 2. Users are encouraged to reference this digital edition in their work. Each pdf includes a guide.
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Casa Samuel Publishers
Casa Samuel was founded for the purpose of publishing and distributing original books and Bible study aids in both English and Spanish. We specialize in tools to help us better understand the Word of God. These include commentaries, word studies in the original languages, and other study aids.
The authors which we feature have more than thirty years expierence in the ministery as pastors, teachers, writers, and missionaries.
Casa Samuel supports the production of Bible study aids in Spanish and the distribution of these Christian study aids in Mexico and in other Latin American countries.
For a complete list of titles along with ordering information, click on BOOKS IN ENGLISH.
Hidden Treasures in the Hebrew Bible
It's Greek to Me!
What's in a Word?
Start Right - Finish Well
How to Use New Testament Greek Study Aids
El Arco Iris de la Fe
La Demostración de la Vida
Regocijando en la Luz
© 2017 Casa Samuel Publishers
Contact us Casa Samuel Publishers
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Error bounds in approximating n-time differentiable functions of self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces via a Taylor's type expansion
Silvestru Sever Dragomir
Mathematics, School of Engineering & Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Australia
On utilizing the spectral representation of selfadjoint operators in Hilbert
spaces, some error bounds in approximating $n$-time differentiable functions
of selfadjoint operators in Hilbert Spaces via a Taylor's type expansion are
given.
Selfadjoint operators
Functions of Selfadjoint operators
Spectral representation
Inequalities for selfadjoint operators
47-XX Operator theory
Receive Date: 22 November 2010
Revise Date: 27 April 2011
Accept Date: 27 April 2011
Dragomir, S. (2012). Error bounds in approximating n-time differentiable functions of self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces via a Taylor's type expansion. Bulletin of the Iranian Mathematical Society, 38(3), 827-842.
Silvestru Sever Dragomir. "Error bounds in approximating n-time differentiable functions of self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces via a Taylor's type expansion". Bulletin of the Iranian Mathematical Society, 38, 3, 2012, 827-842.
Dragomir, S. (2012). 'Error bounds in approximating n-time differentiable functions of self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces via a Taylor's type expansion', Bulletin of the Iranian Mathematical Society, 38(3), pp. 827-842.
Dragomir, S. Error bounds in approximating n-time differentiable functions of self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces via a Taylor's type expansion. Bulletin of the Iranian Mathematical Society, 2012; 38(3): 827-842.
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← Reid: We’re pretty good
Hobbs: I've been playing hurt →
Hobbs demoted for Patterson
Posted on November 1, 2010 by Geoff Mosher
By GEOFF MOSHER
PHILADELPHIA – The Eagles have another new starter on defense who they hope shores up one of the team’s glaring weakness.
Dimitri Patterson has been promoted from reserve cornerback to starter in place of Ellis Hobbs, who was demoted from his right cornerback spot after an abysmal outing going into the bye against Tennessee. Titans receiver Kenny Britt hauled in 225 receiving yards and three touchdowns, mostly covered by Hobbs.
Patterson, a fifth-year pro in his second season with the Eagles, will start opposite Pro Bowl left cornerback Asante Samuel against Peyton Manning and the Colts on Sunday.
“I know what I’m up against,” Patterson said. “I know what I’m going into. I feel like I’ll be prepared.”
It’ll be the first career starter for Patterson, who was signed by the Redskins in 2005 as an undrafted free agent, was out of football in 2006 and played two more seasons in Kansas City before joining the Eagles.
Patterson said he was informed of his promotion Monday morning, when the team reconvened after being given the bye week off. He was one of the team’s best special teams players, leading the unit with 120 production points, and had seen some occasional snaps in the defense. He picked off Alex Smith the Eagles’ 27-24 win over San Francisco for his second career interception, first as an Eagle.
“Every opportunity is for the future so we’re just going to see,” he said.
Patterson is the third reserve on defense to earn a starting job, following in the footsteps of left defensive end Juqua Parker and strong-side linebacker Moise Fokou. Parker usurped upstart rookie Brandon Graham and Fokou supplanted Akeem Jordan.
* Wide receiver DeSean Jackson said he was a limited participant in practice and would be a game-tine decision Sunday against the Colts.
* Quarterback Michael Vick said he’s 100 percent healthy now and ready to start pain-free. Left tackle Jason Peters was a full participant in practice after having knee surgery two weeks ago.
* Tight end Brent Celek said the nagging wrist injury is finally behind him and he vowed to have a breakout second half.
About Geoff Mosher
Geoff Mosher was born in Queens and lived in Queens, Long Island, Queens again and then Connecticut before attending Penn State University (We are!!! ...) and graduating in 1998. He got his first pro sportswriting gig at The Courier News in Bridgewater, N.J., where he covered minor-league baseball [The Somerset Patriots], the Nets and high school sports before moving onto The News Journal staff to cover the Phillies, which he did for all of three months before switching to the Eagles beat.
View all posts by Geoff Mosher →
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Download "Privacy Impact Assessment"
Barnard Cameron
1 MAY 24, 2012 Privacy Impact Assessment matters management system Contact Point: Claire Stapleton Chief Privacy Officer 1700 G Street, NW Washington, DC
2 DOCUMENT PURPOSE The Privacy Impact Assessment or PIA provides the public with information about the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau s ( CFPB or Bureau ) collection and use of personally identifiable information ( PII ). PII is any information that can be used to distinguish or trace an individual s identity 1 like a name, address, Social Security number, or place and date of birth. The CFPB uses PIAs to document that the PII it collects is used, secured, and destroyed in a way that protects each individual s privacy. Each PIA is broken out into sections that reflect the CFPB s Privacy Principles. The CFPB s Privacy Principles are a set of nine rules the CFPB follows when it collects or uses PII. OVERVIEW PROJECT / SYSTEM NAME: Matters Management System PROJECT/SYSTEM INCLUDES INFORMATION ABOUT: Federal Employees Contractors Consultants The Public PROJECT/SYSTEM INCLUDES: Name and other biographic information (e.g. date of birth) Contact Information (address, zip code, telephone number, address) Social Security number (SSN) or other identifier Financial Information User and Online Information Third Party Information Other Information (including biometric information and health or medical information) The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Act ), Public Law No , Title X, established the CFPB. The CFPB administers, enforces, and implements federal consumer financial protection laws and, among other powers, has authority to protect consumers from unfair, deceptive, and abusive practices when obtaining consumer financial products or services. In carrying out its responsibilities, the CFPB will be involved in numerous legal and regulatory issues (collectively referred to as matters ) including: Investigations 1 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Memorandum 07-16, Safeguarding Against and Responding to the Breach of Personally Identifiable Information, May 22, 2007, (OMB M-07-16) defines PII as information which can be used to distinguish or trace an individual's identity, such as his or her name, social security number, biometric records, etc., alone, or when combined with other personal or identifying information which is linked or linkable to a specific individual, such as date and place of birth, mother s maiden name, etc. 2 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
3 Enforcement actions Supervision and related regulatory actions Litigation Rulemakings Other related law enforcement and regulatory projects To effectively manage its matters, and the associated activities of each, the CFPB has developed the Matters Management System (the MMS ). The MMS allows the Bureau to: Create a central searchable repository of information relating each matter; Organize and distribute information about each matter to those with a bona-fide need to know, including the progression of each matter; Track deadlines for each matter, including synchronization with an employee s electronic calendar; Report on administrative and statistical information about each matter, such as which CFPB employees are associated with each matter, the type of matter, etc.; and Develop and record plans for conducting matters, including identifying personnel resources necessary to conduct each matter. The system only records and tracks key historical, procedural, and statistical details (as outlined above) about the conduct and progress of matters. The MMS is not a document management system the system provides links to, but does not itself maintain copies of any of the files, documents or other content related to a particular matter, such as public comments, legal filings, correspondence, consumer complaints, whistleblower complaints and tips, or other documents compiled or generated in a matter. The information in the MMS about each matter varies slightly, depending on the nature of the particular matter being tracked and reported by the system. A general list of data fields included in the system is provided below in Section 3. Each matter tracked by the system is designated with a unique matter number created by the system. The CFPB will roll-out the MMS in a series of phases, including a pilot phase, with full deployment anticipated by the end of Users will be allowed to use the system for case management while simultaneously providing feedback to the LawBase vendor for customization and other needs in the full deployment phase. As part of the roll-out, users will conduct continuous testing of the system. The CFPB will update this PIA accordingly if substantial changes impacting the privacy of individuals are made as the result of user feedback during the roll-out. The CFPB has also published two System of Records Notices ( SORNs ) which give notice of the information maintained and processed in the MMS: CFPB.004 Enforcement Database and CFPB.018 Litigation Files. 3 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
4 SECTION 1.0 Purpose of Collection The CFPB will state the purpose and legal authority for collecting PII. 1.1 Why is the information being collected? The CFPB collects and maintains PII in the MMS to record, track, and report administrative and statistical information about matters. 1.2 What legal authority and/or agreements allow the information to be collected? Public Law , Title X, Sections 1011, 1012, 1021, and 1054 codified at 12 U.S.C. 5491, 5492, 5511, and 5564 provide authority for the collection of information in this system. 1.3 Is the information searchable by a personal identifier like a name or Social Security number? If so, what Privacy Act System of Records Notice(s) apply/applies to the information being collected? Yes. Information in the MMS is searchable by PII, including, but not limited to: Individual name(s) Address or location information (e.g. zip code, city, state) Phone Numbers Filing, case, or matter number (including identifying numbers of formal actions) 2 The MMS has a search capability that allows for retrieval by search term or by a string of search terms or by using a series of filters to search within specific fields. In general, records within the MMS are organized by a matter name, generally related to an institution which is the subject of an investigation, a party in litigation, a project name, a rulemaking, or a whistleblower complainant. Most matters are retrieved by the matter name and not by individual PII. The CFPB SORNs CFPB.004 Enforcement Database and CFPB.018 Litigation Files document the collection of information that populates this system. 2 Records may also be retrieved by a combination of any of these fields. This list is not exhaustive. 4 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
5 1.4 Is there a records retention schedule that has been approved by the National Archives and Records Administration ( NARA ) for the information system(s)? Explain how long and for what reason the information is retained. The CFPB maintains computer and paper records indefinitely until NARA approves the CFPB s records disposition schedule. Records that fall under a general records schedule will be disposed of according to the applicable schedule. 1.5 Are there any forms or surveys that are associated with the collection of the information that would be covered by the Paperwork Reduction Act ( PRA )? No. The MMS does not use a form subject to PRA requirements to collect information for the system. 1.6 Are there any privacy risks for this system that relate to the purpose of the collection? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There are no identifiable risks associated with the purpose of this system. SECTION 2.0 Openness and Transparency The CFPB will be open and transparent. We should tell individuals about the PII we collect and how we will protect it, use it, and share it. We will provide an easy way for individuals to learn about what is happening to their PII. 2.1 Will individuals be given notice prior to the collection of personal information about them? If not, please explain. When the CFPB collects PII about individuals who are involved in CFPB matters, it may collect such information directly from those individuals or it may collect such information from an entity that is the subject of research, an investigation or an enforcement action, or from third parties, including existing federal databases and other agencies responsible for related regulatory functions. In these latter cases, individuals may not receive actual notice of information collection. However, this PIA and the associated SORNs, CFPB.004 Enforcement Database and CFPB.018 Litigation Files, provide constructive notice of the CFPB s information collection practices. 2.2 Will individuals be given notice prior to their information being shared? If not, please explain. In most cases, the Bureau will not provide actual notice to individuals prior to sharing MMS information that pertains to them. However, the CFPB has provided constructive notice of how it will share information stored in the MMS in its SORNs, CFPB.004 Enforcement Database, CFPB.018 Litigation Files and through this PIA. 5 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
6 2.3 Are there any privacy risks for this system that relate to openness, and transparency? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? No. There are no identifiable risks related to openness and transparency for this system. SECTION 3.0 Data Minimization The CFPB will limit the collection of PII to what is needed to accomplish the stated purpose for its collection. The CFPB should keep PII only as long as needed to fulfill that purpose. 3.1 Whose information is included in the system? The MMS contains PII about those individuals who are or have been associated with CFPB investigations, enforcement actions, litigation in which the Bureau is or has been involved, related supervisory activities, rulemakings, and special projects. This may include: CFPB staff such as, but not limited to: o Attorneys o Administrative law judges o Officials o Managers o Paralegals Non-CFPB individuals such as, but not limited to: o Defendants o Opposing counsel o Intervening parties o Consumers whose complaints are included as part of an investigation o Whistleblowers o Individuals who comment on rulemakings o Federal and state employees related to a CFPB matter More information about the categories of individuals included in this system is available in the associated SORNs for the system. 3.2 What PII will the system include? For each Bureau matter, the system collects some or all of the following information about non-cfpb parties who are involved in or associated with the particular matter: First and last name Title Organization, company or affiliation name 6 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
7 Contact information (business or personal), including mailing address, phone number, fax number and address Additionally, for each Bureau matter, the system may collect information about CFPB employees (e.g. attorneys, administrative law judges, officials, managers, etc.) involved in or associated with a particular matter including: First and last name Title Information about an individual s relationship to a case, including scheduling, role, etc. Source documents related to a matter are not stored in the MMS. However, cases within the system may be directly linked to a shared document repository for referential materials. Thus, the system does not contain large amounts of PII and very little, if any, sensitive PII. 3.3 Why is the collection and use of the PII necessary to the project or system? Various laws and regulations require or permit the Bureau to conduct investigations, take enforcement actions, represent itself in litigation, perform rulemakings (including collecting and retaining public commentary), and carry out special projects. The system allows staff and managers to research both current and historical matters, to develop and record plans for conducting the matters, to identify the personnel resources used to conduct those matters, and to provide a historical record of actions and deliberations as they occur. 3.4 Will the system aggregate previously unavailable data about the individual or create new data about the individual? If so, how will this data be maintained and used? The system does not aggregate data nor create new data about individuals. 3.5 What controls exist to protect the consolidated data and prevent unauthorized access? The system does not consolidate or aggregate any data, nor create new data about individuals. 3.6 Will the system monitor the public? The system does not monitor the public. 3.7 Will the system monitor CFPB employees or contractors? The system will audit CFPB employees or contractors with regards to their actions (i.e. uploading information, modifying or deleting information) in the system, and in relation to their workflow associated with a particular matter. For example, the MMS has a function which allows individuals to schedule meetings and other events associated with a matter and tie that directly to the individual CFPB employee assigned to that particular matter. The system can 7 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
8 also produce reports about time spent by an employee on a particular matter or set of issues or matters. 3.8 What kinds of reports can be produced on individuals? Will the data included in the reports produced be made anonymous? The CFPB may generate reports from the MMS that identify matters related to specific CFPB staff, the subject of the matter, or the matter type. Such reports include lists of names and contact information of individuals involved in a matter and CFPB employees. In addition, such reports may include sensitive non-identifying information about the status of a matter. The Bureau distributes reports derived from MMS internally only to employees with a bona fide need for such reports to carry out their assigned job responsibilities. Externally, the Bureau discloses reports on a limited basis, as required or necessary, to other state and federal government agency employees whose job functions allow them to review reports generated about a CFPB matter. Section 4.2 of this PIA and the related SORNs, outline the ways the CFPB may share information from this system with other federal and state agencies. 3.9 Are there any privacy risks for this system that relate to data minimization? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There are no identifiable risks associated with data minimization for this system. SECTION 4.0 Limits on Uses and Sharing of Information The CFPB will publish a notice about how we plan to use and share the PII that we collect from you. We will only share your PII in ways that are compatible with the notice or as stated in the Privacy Act. 4.1 Is the information in the project limited to only the information that is needed to carry out the purpose of the collection? Yes, information included in the MMS is limited to that which is necessary for: Managing and maintaining a record of current and historical matters; Developing and recording plans for working on various matters; Identifying the personnel resources used to work on those matters; and Providing a historical record of actions and deliberations as they occur. 8 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
9 4.2 Will the CFPB share any of the information with other individuals, Federal and/or state agencies, or private sector organizations? If so, how will the CFPB share the information? While the MMS will not directly connect to or share information with systems outside of the CFPB, reports generated by the system about matters may be shared with other individuals within the CFPB and at other federal and state agencies, as well as non-cfpb individuals associated with a particular matter, if such sharing is warranted. Such sharing will only occur through secure channels, such as encrypted . The CFPB has outlined the ways in which information from the MMS may be shared under the Routine Uses section of the related SORNs, CFPB.004 Enforcement Database and CFPB.018 Litigation Files. 4.3 Is the information collected directly from the individual or is it taken from another source? As discussed in Section 2.1, the CFPB collects data for the MMS from various sources, including individuals included in the system. However, most of the data is collected from entities that are the subject of a matter or from other third parties like state and federal agencies. 4.4 Will the project interact with other systems, whether within the CFPB or outside of the CFPB? If so, how? As discussed in section 4.2, the MMS will not connect to or interact with other systems outside of the CFPB. Within the CFPB, the system will connect to the Bureau s shared network drive in order to access documents and other files associated with a particular matter. This connection exists because the MMS does not serve as a document repository or document management system for documents associated with matters in the system. The system will also connect to the Bureau s server for the purposes of calendar and synchronization, and to the Bureau s Staff Directory for managing CFPB staff contact information. 4.5 Are there any privacy risks for this project that relate to use limitation? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There are no risks associated with use limitation for this system. SECTION 5.0 Data Quality and Integrity The CFPB will make reasonable efforts to ensure that all PII it maintains is accurate, relevant, timely, and complete. 9 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
10 5.1 How will the information collected be verified for accuracy and completeness? Information collected in the system is verified for accuracy and completeness only to the extent necessary for accurately recording, tracking and reporting administrative and statistical information about CFPB matters. This includes confirming the name of internal and external individuals associated with each matter, confirming dates associated with each matter, and confirming actions associated with each matter. Supplemental information about each matter contained in source and supporting documentation is not verified for accuracy within this system as the system does not store these documents or the PII contained within them. 5.2 Are there any privacy risks for individuals whose information is collected or used by the project that relate to data quality and integrity? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There are no identifiable risks associated with data quality and integrity for this system. SECTION 6.0 Security The CFPB must protect PII from loss, unauthorized access or use, destruction, modification, or unintended or inappropriate disclosure. 6.1 Who will have access to the data in the project? What is the authorization process for access to the project? For general users of the system, the Bureau restricts access to the MMS to employees who have a bona fide need for such access to carry out their assigned job responsibilities mainly Enforcement and General Counsel attorneys, their supervisors and assistants working on matters in the MMS. Limited members of the Office of Fair Lending and Supervision teams are also granted access with regards to matters which they are involved in. Access is driven by role-based permissions relevant to an employee s association with a matter and position within the CFPB, with users receiving the least minimum privilege needed. The system limits the ability of individual staff not assigned to a particular matter to see detailed information about that matter. Individuals granted access to a particular matter may also have permission to write to that particular matter. Access is granted through a user request form and governed by policy and procedures for determining what, if any, level of access should be granted to an individual user. Users are required to complete mandatory privacy and security training (Bureau-wide) and additional training on use of the MMS before being granted access to the system. Users must also complete the user agreement outlining their roles and responsibilities in using the system and the information contained within it. MMS is an application based on the LawBase Commercial Off-the-Shelf Product, is a clientbased executable application, and is hosted in the Terremark environment. The MMS s placement within the Terremark environment provides an additional level of security. The CFPB grants access only to authorized personnel who have been issued non-transferrable 10 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
11 access codes and passwords, which are verified at login to the Bureau s Terremark hosted General Support System ( GSS ). The MMS application is installed locally only on the machines of individuals granted permission to the system and accounts are authenticated through Active Directory (AD) and managed by a system administrator. Given that CFPB has a limited number of licenses, system administrators will control which users have a need to have the executable program installed on their workstations. This layer of control, in addition to credential authentication through AD, will limit the number of individuals that have access to the application. System administrators are considered privileged users and as such will have access to all data in the system, including PII, for the purposes of controlling, monitoring, and other administrative functions. 6.2 Has the CFPB completed a system security plan for the information system(s) supporting the project? The CFPB has completed a system security plan for the Terremark hosted GSS, which the MMS resides on. The system was issued an Authority to Operate ( ATO ) at the Moderate level by CFPB. The ATO was signed on September 30, MMS has undergone a security review including a review of documentation provided by the vendor, and interviews with technical representatives. 6.3 How will the system be secured? The CFPB issues authorized personnel non-transferrable access codes and passwords to approved users of the system. Users are required to complete training and complete the user agreement before being granted access to the system. MMS is a client-based executable application that needs to be installed on a user s workstation prior to gaining access to the system, and licenses are limited. The system stores login/authentication credentials but encrypts them. Section 6.1 has more information about how users are granted access to the system. The MMS system inherits many security controls from the underlying GSS it resides on. A detailed security assessment was performed on the MMS in line with applicable federal mandates. Additionally, as part of the phased roll-out of the system, users will engage in testing of the system s functions, including user access controls. 6.4 Are there mechanisms in place to identify security breaches? If so, what are they? The CFPB relies on the Treasury Department s directives related to security and privacy incidents. The CFPB is developing supplemental interim incident-reporting materials, and, upon moving onto its own network infrastructure, will issue new directives related to security and privacy incidents. 11 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
12 6.5 Are there any privacy risks for this system that relate to security? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There is a risk that unauthorized individuals may gain access to the information in the MMS. The CFPB has mitigated this risk by only granting access to the system to authorized users who, based on their need to know, will be restricted to the minimal amount of data required or appropriate to carry out their assigned job responsibilities. Access is terminated or reduced as necessary should the user no longer have a need to know the information, change job functions, is terminated or resigns. Additionally, there is a risk that changes to data in the system may not be able to be audited at the individual user level. LawBase, the commercially available off-the-shelf product being used for the MMS provides auditing functionality at the system level, meaning that when changes are made to the data housed in the database on which the MMS is built (and which houses the data in the system), the database only tracks that a user made such changes, but does not account for which user made the change. The CFPB has mitigated this risk by limiting access to the system through the access controls outlined above and in Section 6.1 and 6.3. Additionally, as stated earlier, the MMS does not serve as a document repository for the referential documents and other files about a matter (such as an investigation). Rather, these files, which may contain large amounts of PII and sensitive PII, are stored on the shared drive, rather than in the MMS. Changes to these documents and associated files can be audited independently of changes to data in the MMS. SECTION 7.0 Individual Participation The CFPB will give individuals, in most cases, the ability to access their PII, and allow them to correct or amend their PII if it is inaccurate. 7.1 What opportunities are available for individuals to consent to uses, decline to provide information, or opt out of the project? If no opportunities are available to consent, decline or opt out, please explain. In general, individuals do not have opportunities to opt out or decline to provide information to the MMS. Most of the data collected by the MMS related to employees or customers of companies which are the subject of a matter is provided by a company pursuant to applicable laws and regulations rather than directly from customers or employees. Additionally, data collected about CFPB employees is related to their access and use of the system and is collected through use of the system. Other data, such as the data related to regulations or whistleblower complaints is collected directly from individuals who may choose to limit the amount of data they provide to the CFPB. 7.2 What procedures will allow individuals to access their information? The CFPB offers a means through the Privacy Act for individuals to access, amend, or correct, their records at their request. Information about Privacy Act requests is available in the 12 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
13 associated SORNs for the system, and at It is important to note that some information in the MMS may not be able to be accessed or changed if doing so would impact the CFPB s ability to enforce consumer financial law or if doing so would harm a pending investigation, enforcement action or similar matter in the system. 7.3 Can individuals amend information about themselves in the system? If so, how? The CFPB provides a means through the Privacy Act of amending or correcting your information in the MMS, which is described above in Section Are there any privacy risks for this system that relate to individual participation? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There are no risks associated with individual participation for this system. SECTION 8.0 Awareness and Training The CFPB will train all personnel about the proper treatment of PII. 8.1 Describe what privacy training is provided to users, either generally or specifically relevant to the project. The CFPB offers privacy and security training to all employees of the CFPB, including contractors who handle PII on behalf of the CFPB. Additionally, those with access to the MMS receive training for use of the system before they are granted access. Users are also required to sign a user agreement outlining their roles and responsibilities related to accessing the system and the information contained within. 8.2 Are there any privacy risks for this system that relate to awareness and training? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There are no risks associated with awareness and training for this system. SECTION 9.0 Accountability and Auditing The CFPB is accountable for complying with these principles. We will regularly check that we are meeting the requirements and take appropriate action if we are not doing so. 9.1 How does the system ensure that the information is used in accordance with the stated practices in this PIA? The CFPB has limited access to the MMS to those Bureau employees with a clearly defined business need to know the information and has employed role-based access controls in the system. The CFPB provides all employees with appropriate privacy and security training to ensure information is used and secured appropriately. Employees granted access to the MMS 13 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
14 area provided additional training on proper use of the system and must sign a user agreement outlining their roles and responsibilities related to the accessing and using the system and the information within. The MMS does not connect to other information systems outside or inside of the CFPB, with the exception of connections to the Bureau s client for calendaring and ing functions, and to the Bureau s shared network drive, which serves as a document repository for the system. The system is limited in its capability to collect PII as fields are generally limited to non-identifying information about the progress (historical or current) or management of a matter of the Bureau. Supporting or source documents associated with a matter that contain PII are not stored within the system. 9.2 Are there any privacy risks for this system that relate to accountability and auditing? If so, how will the CFPB mitigate these risks? There are no identifiable risks for the MMS related to accountability and auditing. 14 Privacy Impact Assessment Matters Management System May 24, 2012
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Department of Homeland Security Use of Google Analytics
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Android Developer Applications
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Office of Inspector General Evaluation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau s Consumer Response Unit
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Were there other system changes not listed above? No 3. Check the current ELC (Enterprise Life Cycle) Milestones (select all that apply)
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Industry-Education Integration
Campus Photo
Academy Event
Student's Works
Graduate's Works
Faculty's Works
Academic Event
Vancouver Film School Visited Our Institute
Position:Update-Vancouver Film School Visited Our Institute
News time:2020-10-15 11:28:26
On October 12, Mr. Jerry, Director of China Office of Vancouver Film School, visited our Institute.
Mr. Jerry visited our Institute's History Museum and Animation Museum first, learned about our Institute's history and institute-running characteristics, he praised the works exhibited in the museum, and highly recognized the works of our students!
Mr. Jerry visited our Institute's museum
Subsequently, Miao Luxi, Deputy Dean of International Cooperation and Development Center, Li Zhengshun, Director of The International Expert Management Office, Song Shanshan, Director of The General and Information Management Office held cooperation talks with the visiting representative of Vancouver Film School. The contents about teachers and students exchange, experts invitation were talked in detail on the meeting, our Institute’s characteristics of "Integration of Education, Research and Industry" has the same meaning with Vancouver Film School’s "Learning by Doing" theory, no matter from professional compatibility, or educational philosophy, both sides have something in common, which determines the future will have more cooperation opportunities.
Representative of JAI took a photo with Mr. Jerry
This meeting not only deepened the friendship between our Institute and Vancouver Film School, but also promoted more cooperative projects between the two schools. In the future, both sides will continue to deepen cooperation, explore diversified cooperation projects, and jointly develop a more abundant exchange and learning platform for teachers and students of the two schools!
News link:
About Vancouver Film School:
The Vancouver Film School (VFS) is Canada's leading professional art School specializing in the design of film, television, animation and digital media. Founded in 1987, the school has eight downtown campuses. It has more than 260 teachers, more than 90 industry senior tutors, 100% of teachers have industry experience, 85% of teachers are active in the industry front line. According to the 2015 World Top Film Schools Rankings released by QS, the Vancouver Film School is the leader in film and television education in Canada and one of the best film schools in the region.
Major related to our Institute:
Film production, film and television performance, film and television makeup design, classic animation, animation concept art, 3D animation & visual effects, digital design, game design, visual media sound design, VR/AR design and development, film and television game writing, games, web and mobile phone programming.
Cooperation projects:
Student exchange and teachers exchange
Foreign Affairs Office of People's Government of Jilin Province
Foreign Affairs Office of Changchun People's Government
Jilin JAI Cultural Arts Group Co., Ltd.
Welcome to share our content with your social platform
International Cooperation and Development Center of Jilin Animation Institute, Jilin Creative Industry Park of Animation,
Comics & Games, No. 2888 Guigu Street, High-Tech Industry Development Zone, Changchun, China 130012.
E-mail：animationfa@126.com
Copyright © 2021 JILIN ANIMATION INSTITUTE ICP 11005524-1
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source: libcaca/trunk/COPYING.LGPL @ 3483
Last change on this file since 3483 was 522, checked in by Sam Hocevar, 15 years ago
Changed the licensing to WTFPL, as per all copyright holders' permission.
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→ Creativity
→ The Baseplate (LEGO)
The LEGO T29 Heavy Tank Series and Derivatives Project
Started by Neyo Wargear, Sep 30 2020 09:08 AM
#1 Neyo Wargear
Neyo Wargear
Gloria fortis miles
Posted 30 September 2020 - 09:08 AM
Greetings SSLFer's,
I think it is about time I start a new project and hopefully finish this one unlike the M50 Ontos TD and T1 Cunningham LT series.
Based on the title I will be creating the T29 Heavy Tank series and its derivatives, meaning the T30 and T34 Heavy Tanks. I plan on creating first the T29, then the T29E3, T30, T30E1, and T34. They all use the same chassis so it shouldn't be difficult to pump them out. As for the T29E3 and T30E1, they had slightly different turrets than the T29 and T30 respectively. The main difference between the T29, T30, and T34 is armament.
Again, 1/35th scale to match all my other models.
Actual to 1/35th scale:
Length, Gun Forward: 455.5in=13in=43 studs
Length, Without Gun: 299.6in=8.6in=28 studs
Width: 149.7in=4.3in=14 studs
Height: 126.9in=3.6in=12 studs
Reference Photo:
There is only one for the T29 HT, since almost all photos are of a T29E3 HT which will be made promptly after I finish the T29 HT.
Nightstalker likes this
Omnius mille passus expeditio, omnis fossa bellum.
"The soldier above all others prays for peace, for it is the soldier who must suffer and bear the deepest wounds and scars of war."
- General of the Army Douglas MacArthur
Posted 30 September 2020 - 01:09 PM
Work time: 2 hours
Total work time: 2 hours
Not much for 2 hours of work since Studio 2.0 can be a bastard to work with and myself for making semi-working suspension.
Work time: 1 hour
Work time: 0.5 hours
Total work time: 4.5 hours
Work time: 0.75 hours
Total work time: 5.25 hours
Work time: 1.583 hours
Total work time: 8.163 hours or 8 hours and 10 minutes.
Play features: All five hatches open and close, gun elevates and depresses, turret has 360 degree rotation, and semi-working suspension.
I will do a writeup after the renders finish.
#10 Neyo Wargear
Due to the emergence of the German Tiger I heavy tank, the US Army designed the M26 Pershing medium tank. It was redesignated as a heavy tank strictly for morale, but did not rectify the problem that worsened in 1944. Heavier and stronger German AFVs were appearing in 1944 and the M26 Pershing was not equipped to deal with these greater threats. In OCM 25117 on 14 September 1944 recommended for development and manufacture of four pilots for a new heavy tank. Two were designated as T29 heavy tank armed with a T5E1 105mm Gun while the other two were the T7 155mm Gun armed T30 heavy tank. OCM 26825 of 1 March 1945 suggested procuring 1,200 T29 heavy tanks. It would be powered by the new Ford GAC, V-12, liquid-cooled engine (770hp at 2800rpm) paired with the new General Motors CD-850-1 cross drive transmission (a single unit combining transmission, brakes, and steering gear).
The hull-mounted MG was a M1919A4 .30in cal. The T5E1 105mm Gun had two coaxial M2 .50in cal HMGs in the gun mantlet with a pedestal mount on the turret roof for an additional M2 .50in HMG for anti-aircraft use. The T5E1 105mm Gun when firing the T32 AP achieved a muzzle velocity of 3000ft/s, the T29E3 HVAP a maximum of 3700ft/s, and the T30E1 HE only 2500ft/s.
Procurement of the T29 heavy tank was approved 12 April 1945, but order reduced to 1152 units. In that same month four additional T29 pilots were approved, but one would be armed with the T53 120mm Gun and designated as the T34 heavy tank. Pressed Steel Car Company, Inc. managed to finish one T29 and partially finish another by the end of WW2. All material was transferred to the Detroit Arsenal with ten more pilots completed for post-war development programs that would provide invaluable information for the entirety of the Cold War.
Width: 149.7in
Height: 126.9in
Crew: 6 (Commander, Gunner, Loader x2, Driver, Co-Driver)
Weight: 141,500lb
Armor: 0.5in-7.0in
Primary Armament: T5E1 105mm Gun (63 rounds) ((6rpm))
Coaxial Armament: M2 0.50in HMG x2 (2420 rounds)
Bow Armament: M1919A4 0.3in MG (2500 rounds)\
Engine: Ford GAC, V-12, Liquid-cooled
Max Speed: 22mph
Range: 100 miles
T29E3 Heavy Tank
FINISHED PRODUCT:
Heavy Tank T29 Number 8 was given a T31E1 rangefinder and T93E2 telescope. With these changes it was redesignated as the T29E3 Heavy Tank. The T31E1 rangefinder is a steroscopic sight that helped the commander find the range of a target, freeing up the gunner to track the target. The rangefinder was connected to the gunner's sight via flexible shafting, but would constantly get twisted and backlashed. While the steroscopic sight failed in reliability, it showed the necessity of such a device. It improved spotting capability and range and for sensing bursts. The steroscopic sight also proved they were mandatory for hitting a target from over 1000 yards with the first round.
Nightstalker and Dalton Westmoore like this
T30 Heavy Tank
I discovered a cheaper and far better barrel design, the previous design used on both the T29 and T29E3 HTs cost $21 alone. Only a single coaxial M2 0.50in cal HMG, different muffler and exhaust system, and different engine deck, different rear hull details.
The first T30 heavy tank arrived at Aberdeen (Maryland) Proving Ground in April 1948 and the second in July. They replaced the Ford GAC V-12 Water-cooled engine with a Continental AV-1790-3 which achieved 810hp at 2800rpm. The objective of the T30 HT test program was to evaluate the new engine paired with the CD-850 cross drive transmission. The T7 155mm Gun had a low muzzle velocity since it utilized chemical rounds such as HE and HEAT which don't depend on velocity for power. The T7 155mm Gun fired two piece ammunition, the HE shell weighs 95 pounds while the propellant charge weighed 40 pounds, total weight 135 pounds.
Length: 429in
Primary Armament: T7 155mm Gun (34 rounds) ((2rpm))
Bow Armament: M1919A4 0.3in MG (2500 rounds)
Engine: Continental AV-1790-3, V-12, Air-cooled
Edited by Neyo Wargear, 19 October 2020 - 01:06 PM.
OCM 31668 on 24 July 1947 authorized the installation of an experimental cartridge case ejecting mechanism and a drive mechanism for indexing the mount for loading and returning the weapon to its previous location in a T30 Heavy Tank. These additions caused this T30 HT to be re-designated as the T30E1 Heavy Tank. The mechanisms installed took up space where the Tank Commander would normally sit and thus the cupola and his seat was raised above the loading tray which was in between in his legs. A hatch was installed in the turret rear for spent cartridge cases to be ejected.
Saber-Scorpion and Dalton Westmoore like this
Wanting greater firepower in American tanks, the Ordnance Department in early 1945 looked to converting a 120mm antiaircraft gun into an anti-armor capability. 120mm Gun T53 and had a muzzle velocity of 3150ft/s with a 50lb solid shot and 4100ft/s with HVAP (Hypervelocity Armor Piercing). 17 May 1945, OCM 27662 recommended that two of the T30 Heavy Tanks be armed with a 120mm gun and re-designated as Heavy Tank T34. This action was approved on 31 May [1945].
The T29, T30, and T34 heavy tanks were all going to be equipped with a Ford GAC engine, but after V-J Day the T30 HT was going to test the Continental AV-1790 engine. 7 November 1946, OCM 31202 recommended the T34 pilots should also use the Continental engine instead of a modified Allison V-1710 aircraft engine.
The T34 Heavy Tank's T53 120mm Gun required 4 inches of solid steel to be welded onto the rear of the turret as a counterweight. The T53 120mm Gun used two-piece ammunition and the total round weighed 100lb. Each piece weighed 50lb and required two loaders.
Testing of the T34 Heavy Tank occurred both at Aberdeen Proving Ground and Fort Knox that test firing caused dangerous amounts of smoke and carbon monoxide within the turret. Flarebacks also hospitalized at least two men at Fort Knox and several others lost their eyebrows and hair there and at Aberdeen. The flarebacks were caused by unburnt powder gases in the gun tube being sucked back into the turret due to the cartridge case being ejected from the cannon breech. The flash resulted from the hot gases mixing with the oxygen in the turret. To prevent flarebacks, a bore scavenging system was installed and this caused bore excavators to become standard on American tank guns.
Primary Armament: T53 120mm Gun (34 rounds) ((5rpm))
Saber-Scorpion and Nightstalker like this
T29 HT V2
T29E3 HT V2
Changed the barrel to match the ones on the T30, T30E1, and T34 HTs. Should reduce the price of these two models by $21.
Saber-Scorpion likes this
Posted 03 December 2020 - 01:36 AM
Firepower of the American Colossi.
Back to The Baseplate (LEGO)
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Call Us Toll Free: +1 618 531 63 91
Overview of cleaning validation white paper
Direct Swabbing and
Surface Recovery with Ion
Trap Mobility Spectrometry
By Derek Brand, Mei Guo, Dr. Ralf Wottrich and Tim Wortley
Ion Trap Mobility Spectrometry has been The FDA's "Guide to Inspections Validation of discussed as a fast and specific technique for Cleaning Processes" discusses the sampling the analysis of samples for cleaning validation methods applied to the cleaning process—rinse and verification in the pharmaceutical industry. and swab (direct) sampling—as well as the This study presents data on the use of this analytical methods necessary to measure the technology for "direct swabbing," or directly samples taken. Specifically, these sampling and sampling and analyzing the equipment of analytical methods need to be challenged and a interest. Recovery results from stainless steel "recovery" that describes the effectiveness of surfaces for two different compounds, the sampling/analytical combination needs to cefuroxime sodium and pseudoephedrine HCl, "show that contaminants can be removed from are presented. At-line analysis has the the equipment surface and at what level, i.e. potential of greatly improving the efficiency of 50% recovery, 90% recovery, etc." analyzing cleaning results and improving equipment turnaround. The guide also discusses cleaning limits, and while it purposefully stays away from tangential description, it puts forth that the limits for a particular compound and process must be Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) and Ion Trap "practical, achievable, and verifiable" and that Mobility Spectrometry (ITMS) are built on the the analytical method used to measure them principle of measuring the drift velocity of ions needs to have the requisite level of sensitivity as they are propelled through a "drift gas" at for these measurements. ambient pressure via the force of an electric field.chnology has been in use for The determination of carryover limits for a over 30 years, primarily applied in detecting particular compound has been described using trace amounts of narcotics and explosives both the maximum allowable dose carried over to and is found at most airports as part of their security screening procedures. data such as LD50 values (the amount/dose of a substance that produces death in half of the This technology has more recently been animals tested).
applied to the pharmaceutical industry, mainly limits referred to in the present study are the focusing on applications involving cleaning maximum allowable amount of residue on the validation or verification. While the technology equipment surface as opposed to the limit in the has been re specific applications subsequent product or the limit in an analytical describedd data to date focused on results generated from extracted solutions rather than from the direct sampling The wide range of potential carryover limits in of a surface of interest. pharmaceutical cleaning challenges the analytical methods used to measure the limits, regardless The act of taking a sample directly from the of whether the method used is a direct swabbing surface of equipment has been termed "direct method or one that relies on extraction and swabbing," in that the sample is analyzed dilution. The analytical method needs to have the directly instead of including the intermediate appropriate dynamic range to measure the extraction step. Similar to the use of ITMS in substance at its cleaning limit with an appropriate security applications, the advantage of direct linear range that ensures the ability to effectively swabbing is that it allows the user of the differentiate a passing result from a failure.
instrumentation to generate results without the need to send samples back to an analytical In this series of experiments, we demonstrate the laboratory. Additionally, the portability of ability to recover the residues of two compounds commercially available ITMS instrumentation from stainless steel surfaces and analyze the allows the testing to be completed at-line. results directly using ITMS. One of the substances selected is cefuroxime in the drift gas; and gas flow settings were sodium, classified as a β-lactam antibiotic with 250cc/minute in both the sample and detector typically very low carryover limits due to potentially severe allergic reactionsanaphylactic shockme cases of For the pseudoephedrine testing, the desorber ingestion. The second compound is and detector temperatures were 249°C and pseudoephedrine HCl, a common 205°C, respectively. Scan time was set to180 decongestant with cleaning limits significantly seconds with five samples acquired per second. higher than cefuroxime sodium.
No dopant was present in the drift gas shows the chemical structures of these (atmospheric air). Gas flow settings were molecules.
500cc/minute in the sample flow chamber and 250cc/minute on the detector flow. The goals of this experiment are to demonstrate that ITMS can be used in a direct The swabs used were a specialized polyimide swabbing capacity to generate acceptable material manufactured for use with the Kaye recovery levels across a wide range of Validator ITMS. Stainless steel (316) coupons carryover limits. with a #7 finish (GlobePharma) were used during the swab recovery studies. Further details on the methodology used during the experiment are provided in the results section. Results and Discussion
This experimentation included analysis of compounds to determine their time of flight (TOF), generation of calibration curves and determination of the linear ranges, and finally measurements off of samples taken directly from the steel coupons in order to determine our recovery percentage. As ITMS uses the time of flight as a metric of identifying a molecule, the first stage of our experimentation was to determine the time of flight for both cefuroxime Figure 1. Molecular structures of cefuroxime and pseudoephedrine. sodium (top) and pseudoephedrine HCl (bottom). The molecular weights of these compounds are 446.4 and 201.7, respectively. Determining Time of Flight In order to determine the quantitative response of Materials and Methods
the system, it is important to determine the time of flight (TOF) for the molecule in question. The This experiment used the Kaye Validator® instrument used for this study has the ability to ITMS for sample measurement. Samples were collect data for both positive and negative ions prepared using USP-grade cefuroxime sodium within a single measurement. This brings several and pseudoephedrine, with dilutions being potential advantages—among them the ability to prepared in methanol. detect multiple ion species regardless of the charge on the "preferred" ion state in a single Instrument settings for the cefuroxime testing scan (a "single mode" instrument would require were: desorber and detector temperatures of two separate measurements). 249°C and 205°C, respectively, with a scan time of 60 seconds (15 samples acquired per Additionally, as there is no need to switch second, integrated over the full scan time). NH modes in the instrumentation, the Validator and dichloromethane were present as a dopant ITMS eliminates re-equilibration time associated with switching modes, shortening For the remainder of the analysis, cefuroxime the amount of time necessary to develop a was identified as a positive ion with a time of method for a particular substance. flight of 7.790 +/-0.04ms; pseudoephedrine was identified as a positive ion with a time of Using samples of the pure API dissolved in flight of 5.885ms +/- 0.04ms. No instances of methanol, aliquots were spiked directly onto a peak potentially associated with the main the swabs used in the instrument, the swabs cefuroxime ion or pseudoephedrine ion were analyzed, and the resulting peaks were occurred outside these windows of detection. recorded. In addition, measurements were taken on (A) swabs without any substance Determining Quantitative Response present, (B) swabs that were spiked with After determining the time of flight for each 100µl of methanol and allowed to dry, and (C) API, the quantitative instrument response for with the instrument having no swab inserted, each compound and the linear range were in order to account for our background peaks. determined. The carryover limits for Finally, we took a very small sample of the dry cefuroxime and pseudoephedrine used in this API powder swiped directly onto the swab. experimentation are 1µg and 20µg per 25cm2, This would highlight any differences seen due respectively. Figure 3 shows the instrument to interactions with the solvent. response curve for both cefuroxime and pseudoephedrine. The parameters of the The time of flight for cefuroxime sodium was instrumentation were adjusted in order to determined to be a positive ion complex at establish the appropriate linear range for each 7.790ms, with the time of flight for compound (described previously). pseudoephedrine determined to be a positive ion complex at 5.885ms. Representative plasmagrams (similar to a chromatogram in HPLC) with locations of the representative API The cefuroxime measurements encompass peaks as well as the locations of the drift gas sample amounts between 250ng and 3µg. As peak and common fragments in the the instrument was able to give a repeatable cefuroxime data are shown in Figure 2. response at 250ng that can be used for quantification, and cefuroxime was detectable at sample amounts lower than 250ng, for the purposes of this experiment 250ng is considered the limit of quantification (LOQ) and it is assumed that the limit of detection (LOD) is below 250ng. For the purposes of this experiment, the linear s udoephedrine Dat range is considered to be between 500ng and 1.5µg, values corresponding to 50% and 150% of the carryover limit, respectively. This (+) Pseudoephedrine HCl ion is a greater tolerance than called for normally, as cefuroxime's low carryover limits appropriate a wider window of measurement. Additionally, 500ng is twice the value of the limit of quantification and more than twice the Figure 2. Plasmagram of cefuroxime (top) and level of the limit of detection. The R2 value for p seudoephedrine (bottom) measurements. Positive the linear range of this calibration curve is ion data is shown, indicating the primary ion complex, drift gas and fragments. ar Range: 0.5 – 1.5 Linear Range: 10 – 25 Figure 3. Quantitative response of cefuroxime sodium (top) and pseudoephedrine HCl (bottom) in the ITMS instrume nt. Data shown is average value at each sample amount with error bars representing one standard deviation from the mean. R2 values were determined using a scatter plot encompassing all of the data in the linear range. For the purposes of recovery, the spiked Pseudoephedrine Data samples represent 100% recovery for the API. The pseudoephedrine measurements This was validated with two sets of encompass sample amounts between 5µg measurements: (1) measuring for any residual and 25µg. The limits of detection and cefuroxime on traps containing 1.5µg and 3µg quantification with these instrument settings after they had been sampled for the are well below 5µg, and the lower bound of calibration curve; and (2) measuring a sample the linear range (10µg) is therefore greater of five glass fiber traps coated with than twice the amount of both the LOD and polytetrafluoroethelylene (PTFE) that were LOQ. The linear range of 10-25µg placed underneath the sample traps as they encompasses more than +/-25% of the were spiked with cefuroxime. Both sets of carryover limit of 20µg. Again, the R2 value for measurements failed to show any presence of residual cefuroxime. the linear range of this calibration curve is swabbing commenced with overlapping >0.95, and the tests mentioned above for vertical strokes across the surface. The validating 100% recovery of the spiked swabber performed eight strokes in a vertical samples were performed as described motion, followed by eight overlapping strokes in a horizontal motion. Figure 4 shows these motions, as well as the use of the PTFE Measurements of swabs after they had been sampled produced no trace of pseudoephedrine. Measurement of the PTFE After swabbing, the traps were allowed to dry traps placed underneath the 20µg sample and were measured with the ITMS system. yielded trace amounts (under 100 instrument The areas for the API peaks were recorded counts, representing under 100ng of and the amount of API present determined pseudoephedrine) in two out of five samples. through the equation generated by the linear As this represents less than 0.4% of the total fits of the data shown in Figure 3. Table 1 sample, the spiked samples are considered to shows the calculated recovery percentages be representative of 100% recovery for this Swab Recovery Swabbing was performed on 316 stainless Cefuroxime Recovery Data
steel coupons with a #7 finish, in an area of Amount on Coupon (n)
Mean Amount Recovered
Recovery %
25cm2. Aliquots of each sample were spiked 1.5 Micrograms (n = 7) onto the coupons and allowed to dry before 1 Microgram (n = 11) swabbing. Material used for swabbing is a 500 Nanograms (n = 7) specialized polyimide material developed for Average Swab Recovery use with the Kaye Validator ITMS instrument. Swab Recovery RSD% The swabs have a specific "sampling area" that comprises the area of the swab that is Pseudoephedrine Recovery Data
fully sampled by the instrument. Amount on Coupon (n)
15 Micrograms (n = 8) 13.34 Micrograms This area was wet with 200µl of methanol 20 Micrograms (n = 8) 17.07 Micrograms and, using a PTFE barrier between the Average Swab Recovery swabber's finger and the swabbing material, Swab Recovery RSD% the trap was applied to the surface and Table 1. Recovery data for cefuroxime and pseudoephedrine Pressure with finger or Figure 4. Swabbing motion on the steel coupons (left), where strokes are initiated in a vertical direction and are then followed by strokes in a horizontal direction. Diagram (right) shows the use of a PTFE barrier to prevent contamination in between the trap and the sampler. Conclusions
Eiceman, GA and Karpas, Z. Ion Mobility These data show a recovery percentage of Spectrometry. 2005. Taylor and Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL greater than 65% and strong repeatability, 2 Parmeter, JE, and Eiceman, GA. Trace Detection of with an RSD of 17.4% for cefuroxime and a Narcotics Using a Preconcentrator/Ion Mobility recovery percentage of greater than 87% for Spectrometer System. NIJ Report 602-00. April 2001. 3 pseudoephedrine with an RSD of below 15%. Brand, D. Li, X, Wortley, T. Ion Trap Mobility Additionally, the recovery percentages at Spectrometry – Reducing Downtime in Cleaning Validation and Verification. varying levels of sample for this experiment www.Pharmamanufacturing.com. February 2006 are consistent. These data demonstrate the 4 Munden, R et al. IMS Limit Test Improves Cleaning desired result of this experimentation, namely Verification and Method Development. Pharmaceutical that it is possible to repeatably generate Technology Europe. October 2002 5 Peterson, DE, et al. Ion Mobility Spectrometry for acceptable recovery of residues and measure Determination of Active Drug in Blinded Dosage Forms. the samples directly using ITMS. AAPS. February 2005 pp18 - 19 6 FDA. Guide to Inspections of Validation of Cleaning While this experiment shows the feasibility of Processes. July 1993 the technique, the method itself has the LeBlanc, D. Establishing Scientifically Justified Acceptance Criteria for Cleaning Validation of Finished potential to be improved so that higher Drug Products. Pharmaceutical Technology, Volume 22 recoveries are possible. Potential alterations (10). October 1998. in the pressure and speed of the swabbing, LeBlanc, DA. Setting Dose Limits Without Dosing the orientation or the "leading edge" used with Information. www.cleaningvalidation.com, Cleaning Memos, May 2001 each swabbing stroke, and the amount of 9 Kramer, et al. Conversion Factors Estimating solvent used could lead to higher recovery Indicative Chronic No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Levels from Short-Term Toxicity Data. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharemacology. Volume 23. pp249 – 255. 1996 This study demonstrates the feasibility of Swartz, ME, Krull, IS. Analytical Method Development and Validation. 1997. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York using the Kaye Validator ITMS for the direct 11 Romano A, et al. Immediate hypersensitivity to sampling of equipment in the pharmaceutical cephalosporins. Allergy (57) Supplement 72. pp52-57. industry. While cleaning validation and verification of equipment involves increased Rossi S (Ed.) 2004. Australian Medicines Handbook 2004. Adelaide, Australia. ISBN 0-9578521-4-2. layers of complexity—one of them being the 13 Cleaning limits provided in private communications different types of surfaces that are likely to be encountered during cleaning—the Validator ITMS demonstrates the ability to produce acceptable levels of recovery and repeatability with a technique that is far faster than the Mr. Brand, Ms. Guo, Dr. Wottrich and Mr. Wortley are technology currently used by most of the members of GE Sensing's pharmaceutical and technology groups. Correspondence relating to this article should be directed to Given the high costs associated with manufacturing in pharmaceuticals, as well as the push for greater process understanding through PAT, the implementation of ITMS as a fast, specific analytical technology for at-line measurements has the potential to deliver substantial improvements in cleaning analysis and monitoring efficiency.
Source: http://labkits.cz/cz/downloads/Kaye%20Validator%20ITMS%20whitepaper%20direct%20swabbing.pdf
Oilfi eld, Tubular and Valve The place to go to get MSDS and TDS sheets, new product information, company news and key product information. for e treme Through more than 65 years of research, Table of Contents development, testing and manufacturing, Jet-Lube has developed a broad line of grease products for
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« Arunachal flags need of ALGs at Dirang and Anini before IAF Chief
India-Pakistan border clash: bullets kill and maim people at a rate not seen in… »
When India’s anti-infiltration grid rattled the Pakistanis
Published January 7, 2021 | By admin
SOURCE: ONE INDIA
In 2020, scores of terrorists from Pakistan attempted infiltration bids into India.
However just 44 managed to infiltrate in 2020, when compared to the 141 in 2019, officials said. Rattled by the anti-infiltration grid that blocked several key routes, Pakistan carried 5,100 ceasefire violation, which was the highest since the 2003 truce. “There are 300 to 415 terrorists in various launching pads in Pakistani Occupied Kashmir (PoK) along the LoC ready to infiltrate into Jammu and Kashmir to disturb peace and normalcy by engineering violence,” an official said.
“Pakistani agencies are using tunnels to push in armed terrorists, weapons, ammunition and explosive material in J&K.
“They are also using drones to ferry and drop weapons and explosive material into border areas in Jammu and Kashmir along with narcotics to finance terrorism,” an official said.
This year, they are also trying to infiltrate terrorists into J&K even during the months of heavy snowfall.
“In December last year, terrorists infiltrated into Poonch despite heavy snowfall but were neutralized,” an official said.
A group of four JeM terrorists entered Samba via a tunnel and were neutralized after a truck carrying them to Kashmir was intercepted on the highway at Nagrota in Jammu in November last year, they said.
Weapons and explosives besides narcotics were being dropped at seven places along the borderline with Pakistan in 2020, the officials said.
Security agencies identified over 20 entry routes along the Indo-Pak border in Jammu and Kashmir and put in place multi-tier security to thwart any attempt by Pakistan to infiltrate armed terrorists.
“Over 20 infiltration routes have been identified and the security grid has been strengthened to prevent the entry of armed terrorists,” another official said.
Apart from the first-tier of security of the Army and the BSF, village defence committees (VDCs) along the LoC and the international border (IB) have been activated, police checkpoints have come up and patrolling done in the hinterland around the border, they said.
Ahead of the DDC polls, the ISI had sent a large number of terrorists close to border and was making attempts to aide their infiltration in Jammu and Kashmir. Their specific brief was to disrupt the elections and target the local leaders. However, the Indian security forces who were on very high alert managed to foil these attempts being made by the ISI backed terrorists.
Intelligence Bureau officials tell OneIndia that the ISI continues to make attempts to help infiltrate the large number of terrorists.
The IB officer also said that the Pakistan Rangers and the Border Action Team are trying to help the terrorists infiltrate into India. Last year there were an unprecedented number of ceasefire violations by Pakistan. The Pakistan Army had been providing cover fire in a bid to help the terrorists enter India.
However, the infiltration attempts were largely foiled by the Indian security agencies.
In November, the BSF intensified patrolling along the International Border with Pakistan in the Samba and Rajouri sectors of Jammu and Kashmir.Following an order by the Director-General of the BSF, Rakesh Asthana, the forces began patrolling the above mentioned areas with an objective of unearthing more cross-border tunnels like the one used by the four Jaish-e-Mohammad terrorists, who were killed on November 19.
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Irvine Valley lodge No. 671: News
A Homeric Tale
On the 25th anniversary of the Simpsons season 6 episode 12, “Homer the Great,” we pay homage to one of the best, and certainly the funniest, send-ups of Freemasonry ever to hit the airwaves.
A Beautiful Experiment: Public Schools Month at 100
Learn more about the Masons of California’s century-long support of public education, and about the present and future of those efforts, in the latest issue of California Freemason magazine.
For more than 60 years, California Masons have called the California Masonic Memorial Temple on San Francisco’s Nob Hill their home. At long last, it’s also their lodge.
California masons responded to the #bluelodgechallenge, highlighting acts of everyday charity that are transforming their communities.
Meet American Canyon Lodge No 875, California’s youngest Masonic lodge—both in terms of its members and in terms of its charter, presented November 17, 2019.
He’ll Never Ride Alone Again
Last summer, Long Beach Lodge No. 327 member Dave Romero hit upon a fun idea to give back to his favorite charities: a 550-mile fundraising bike ride from Long Beach to the California Masonic Memorial Temple in San Francisco.
Annual Report 2019: The Future is Bright
Learn about the overview of the present and very bright future of the fraternity, from the charitable work being done in lodges up and down California to exciting developments on the campuses of the Masonic Homes of California to expanded relief operations launching in the Central Valley.
R.I.P. Finally
How did a 19th century Masonic tombstone from Piedmont find its way to the side of the road in Stanislaus County, 100 miles away? That’s exactly what members of Oak Summit Lodge No. 112 set out to discover—and to lay a long-lost brother to rest.
Golden Revival
Up and down California’s Gold Country, lodges are tapping into their unique history to chart their way into the future. Read more in the latest issue of California Freemason.
Striking Gold: Masonry in the Mother Lode Now
Learn about the new sound coming out of Auburn’s Eureka No. 16, a legendary Nevada County gearhead, and the curious case of a lost Masonic headstone in the latest issue of California Freemason Magazine, this month dedicated to the foothill lodges of California’s Mother Lode.
In the wake of the 2018 Camp Fire that destroyed his entire hometown of Paradise, Nate Smith—member of Table Mountain Masonic Lodge No. 124—turned to music as an artistic outlet—and found the big break he’d been searching for.
The Pin Code
Every fall, as the Grand Master prepares for the busy year ahead, he’s faced with the task of articulating the theme which will both guide his administration and define its legacy. And it needs to fit on a lapel pin.
Secrets of the Cloth: The Mystery of Masonic Folk Arts
Whether it’s through floor cloths, jewelry, woodwork, or aprons, learn about the stories Masons have been telling through these precious objects of interest. Learn more in the newest issue of California Freemason, Crafting their Legacy.
Whether in underground caves or quarries, Masons have been known to meet in some unusual places. Learn more about how these underground meeting spaces elevated the lodge experience.
Take the #BlueLodgeChallenge
Whether your lodge is funding generous scholarships for local students or clearing trash from the roads or beach, we want the world to know about it with #bluelodgechallenge.
The Forever Pace
For most of the past year, Loren Newman ––member of Prometheus Lodge No. 851–– had a set morning routine: Wake up at 5 a.m. and get ready for an early jog… up and down a 1,000-foot-high mountain… five times.
Where the Rubber Meets the Road
Armin Houshmandi, a master Mason with Golden Rule Lodge No. 479 and the founder of the riding association the Seekers of Light, puts it this way: “The asphalt is unforgiving and physics are unforgiving, and you have to learn to work within the rules and laws of life… Where do you really do that, aside from Masonry?”
Read the Newest Issue of California Freemason!
The July/August issue of California Freemason magazine is now available on our newly redesigned online edition: californiafreemason.org!
Symbols of Femininity
On aprons and teapots, in the first degrees and the virtues and lessons of Freemasonry, feminine symbols are threaded into the very fabric of Freemasonry.
Of Their Free Will and Accord
Freemasonry’s relationship with women evolved during its long history. How has this relationship changed over time, and why are separate streams of Masonry likely to continue?
The Flame Within a Heart
The Order of DeMolay supports young men in building character and leadership skills that serve them for a lifetime. Its close friendship and enduring values provide vital support, cultivate deep understanding, and nurture emotional intelligence at a pivotal point in life.
Generations Connected
Two Senior DeMolays cross a generational divide and find commonalities through their experience in DeMolay International.
Mentorship is Meaningful
Adult mentors of our youth orders find that not only is mentorship helping the kids thrive and build important skills, it’s also fulfilling for the mentors themselves. Watch this brief video featuring Masons who mentor DeMolay chapters at their lodges.
Coming Together to Give Back
In the 2017-2018 fraternal year, 18 lodges pledged – as Pace Setter donors – to the Let’s Write the Future campaign between $100,000 and $300,000. Learn why three lodges chose to write a better future for California communities.
Save the date and be sure to RSVP for the Grand Lodge Officer Reception of Sean Matucca! Follow the link to RSVP.
For Our Children. For Our Future.
California masons’ partnership with raising a reader has brought crucial literacy training to nearly 600 classrooms – and we’re not close to done yet!
At Orange Grove Lodge No. 293 in Southern California, fraternity, and family are deeply intertwined with Freemasonry. Learn more about what inspires these brothers and their fun-filled Masonic experience – from luaus to support for California public schools.
Welcome Grand Master Wright!
Last Sunday, October 21, Most Worshipful Brother Stuart A. Wright was installed as grand master of Masons in California. We look forward to a year of growth and prosperity under his leadership, inspired by his theme: “Freemasonry… the difference is you.”
Commemorating a Masonic Monument
Earlier this summer, Grand Master Galloway joined the Masons of King David’s Lodge No. 209 for a ceremonial resealing of the Dorn Pyramid, a 23-foot tall granite mausoleum originally constructed in 1905. Robert Sachs, master of King David’s Lodge, shares the history and rumors of the Dorn Pyramid.
A Big Spark
Raven’s Rock Lodge, since it’s opened its doors on June 10, 2017, has been producing local events that revolve around education and the arts, aiming to lift the community while staying true to Masonic tenets and traditions.
Wonders of Masonic America
If you’ve been seeking an excuse to see the country, there’s no better time than the present. The lens of Freemasonry offers a fascinating perspective!
Masons4Mitts: Baseball Is Back!
Dust off those gloves and get ready to knock one out of the park for your team: The 2018 Masons4Mitts season is now underway!
Help Us Celebrate #MasonicDads!
California Freemason is launching a new hashtag campaign, #MasonicDad, to correspond with our July/August issue, which will focus on the theme of “Freemasonry and Fatherhood.” To participate, show us what Masonic fatherhood means to you!
A Tradition of Scholarship
The 2018 Symposium – taking place June 9 in San Francisco and June 10 in Long Beach – will explore the fraternity’s whirlwind arrival in California, and the daring brothers who led the way.
Of a Divine and Moral Nature
The term “sacred geometry” can be somewhat intimidating: How might geometry be sacred, one might wonder. And, how does Masonry fit in?
California Freemason: Sacred Geometry
In Masonic philosophy, sacred geometry reveals ephemeral spiritual realities and personal truths through tangible architectural forms. From its roots in classical philosophy to contemporary applications, sacred geometry’s contemplation oftentimes leads to revelation.
Why I Became a Mason
For Past Grand Master John L. Cooper III, the promise of Freemasonry inspired a life devoted to its craft.
The Rites and Rituals of Freemasonry
One of the most interesting – and sometimes confusing – aspects of Freemasonry is its varied rituals and rites. To study them is to understand the fraternity’s wild creative streak and its ability to adapt to diverse social and cultural trends.
Mozart’s Masonic Magic Flute
Learn about this Masonic masterpiece from one of our fraternity’s great scholars.
A Spectacular Occasion
Masons from around the world gathered at the Royal Albert Hall for the United Grand Lodge of England’s tercentenary celebration. They celebrated the history and future of Freemasonry.
California Freemason: The Prospect Issue
Read about members throughout California whose Masonic experience brought them exactly what they were seeking: brotherhood, friendship, and the path to a more meaningful life.
The Masonic Hand of Charity
From the beginning, fraternal relief was both innovative and practical.
California Freemason: Into the Future
This year marks the 300th anniversary of our great fraternity! Join California Freemason in exploring the history of Freemasonry – from today’s brotherhood to what might be possible in the future as society continues to evolve.
AMERICAN MASONS WHO SHAPED THE WORLD
In the mid- to late- 20th century, our country’s Masons led the way for lasting change.
New Video: We Make a Profound Impact!
A new video created by the California Masonic Foundation offers an inspiring perspective of our Masonic quest to live a meaningful life.
July/August California Freemason: 1941-Today
This year marks the 300th anniversary of our great fraternity! Join California Freemason in exploring the next chapter in the history of Freemasonry – from World War II to today’s brotherhood.
July Is Support Our Veterans Month
Grand Master Heisner has declared July 2017 to be Support Our Veterans Month in California. Read his proclamation now.
300th Anniversay Gala and Banquet
Join your brothers and toast to Freemasonry during an unforgettable night at the 300th Anniversary Gala!
From Enlightenment to Revolution
Freemasonry’s fledgling years had an enduring impact on the future of Western civilization. Read the latest California Freemason feature now.
June Is Masonic Homes Month
Masonic Homes Month is the perfect opportunity to recognize the remarkable accomplishments of Masonic relief in California. Follow these helpful tips for starting a celebration of your own.
CALLED FROM LABOR
In November 1910, San Francisco’s California Lodge No. 1 held its 61st annual banquet and ball. The program, which included remarks by several lodge members, as well as music, was accompanied by a mouth-watering four-course meal. Each guest received a printed program and menu card listing the courses. Presented in French, the menu suggests a high level of elegance.
Around the Masonic Table
For hundreds of years, sharing meals with brothers has been a treasured Masonic tradition. In the newest issue of California Freemason, we delve deeply into this practice – from the beginning of the fraternity to today’s traditions. Join us for a trip around the world from Masonic tables to toasts and beyond!
The First and Most Important Care of Leadership
As Masons, we have made the choice to join a group of like-minded individuals to assist in our personal growth and improvement. Many of us have chosen to become leaders within this fraternity, as we find this aspect of the craft to be fulfilling.
Get Ready for Public Schools Month!
A priority of the 2020 Fraternity Plan is to make a positive impact on society. When public schools get the support they need, that impact is made not only in classrooms, but in the future of each student. Here are some ways you and your lodge can make a difference. Donate to the California Masonic […]
Celebrate Youth Orders Month
Throughout our state, young men and women turn to DeMolay, Job’s Daughters, and Rainbow for Girls for a unique environment of brotherhood and sisterhood. There, they transform from timid youths into confident leaders. They learn respect, patriotism, tolerance, and reverence. They form friendships that last a lifetime. To recognize our Masonic youth and to encourage […]
Freemasons have been active in California even since before it was officially a state, and many notable artifacts from every age are available online to interested Masonic scholars. Kick off a research project or ignite your inner history buff by exploring the collections of the Henry Wilson Coil Library and Museum of Freemasonry. CLICK HERE […]
Freemasonry Set Free
DECIPHERING THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN PRINCE HALL MASONRY AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. By Tyler Ash For nearly 200 years, the Underground Railroad has been an elusive, almost mythical aspect of American history, shaping the way we view the cultural and sociopolitical landscapes of the American psyche during the 1800s. A key question continues to elude historians: […]
Masons of California Annual Report
In 2016, California Masons led the way on many different fronts for our fraternity — and now we are looking forward to our future. Read the 2016 Annual Report to learn more about statewide initiatives that will come to fruition in the coming year, and discover how you can apply the lessons and successes of […]
Acacia Creek Receives National Distinction
At Acacia Creek’s founding, its board members set out to create a different kind of retirement community: One that would unite Masons and non-Masons alike in a shared culture of respect, community, and enthusiasm for life. One where the desire to “age successfully” — to establish continued growth and learning as an integral part of […]
A New look at the mythology of The Travelling Man
In addition to the symbolism attached to architectural tools, Freemasonry is built upon stories and legends. And, no story is more intriguing than the one about the “traveling man” – the stonemason who traveled from work site to work site in search of a job. We have little direct evidence of how traveling stonemasons did […]
Welcoming California’s Newest Lodges
On September 16, 2016, the fraternity celebrated the institution of Regius University, U.D. in Fresno. This was followed by the institution of Benicia’s Carquinez Lodge, U.D., on September 23, and that of The Downtown Masonic Lodge, U.D. in Los Angeles on September 30. Between 75 and 100 brothers attended each celebration. It’s the beginning of […]
The Modern Masonic Maker
Since the beginning, Freemasonry has captured the minds and hearts of some of the most imaginative men of each generation. Though far removed from the stonemasons who envisioned and built Europe’s grand cathedrals, the desire to create something new, beautiful, and impactful carries through to present day. In this issue of California Freemason, Mark Frauenfelder […]
An Early California Leader, and a Mason
The Henry Wilson Coil Library and Museum of Freemasonry has among its archives an 1857 petition for the Royal Arch degrees of John Bidwell. Shown here, with punctuation added for clarity, the certificate reads: To the M.W. High Priest, King, Scribe, and Companions of Washington R.A. Chapter No. 13: The petition of the subscriber respectfully […]
Brothers Across the Pond
In 2014, Bro. Mark Rosen of America Lodge No. 3368 in England visited Pasadena Masonic Lodge No 272. Rosen had grown up in Pasadena and settled in England after moving there for an Air Force assignment. Since moving to England, he had been married, started a successful business, and become a Mason. During his visit […]
Learn more about Freemasonry at the Masons of California website
Copyright 2018 Irvine Valley Lodge No. 671
Secretary@IrvineValley.org
23685 Birtcher Dr, Lake Forest, CA 92630
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85% Women Struggle to Reach Breastfeeding Goals
Wedding Workouts: Can The Average Woman Benefit From Bridal Bootcamps?
Beyond Fatkinis & Fashion: Accepting Female Bodies as Whole
by Melissa Patterson — Jun 6, 2012
For decades, our culture has forced us into thinking that you must be thin before you step foot on the sand in anything but a one-piece. It’s an unspoken rule. Big girls don’t wear bikinis. For many plus-size women this sad notion has taken all of the fun out of shopping for swimwear. As hard as we try, it is a struggle to feel sexy in the flirty skirted suits, modest full coverage and concealing miracle suits. So, what is a plus-size girl to do when she is sick of accompanying her size two friends to the beach in a frumpy wallpaper-patterned one-piece and has just about had it with the “beach-ready body” stereotypes? The answer is simple. Don’t let others dictate what you wear. As daring as it may seem, rock a bikini!
Most plus-size girls would rather go to war then wear a bikini, but designers are now making it easy to dive into a two-piece. No matter what the shape or size is, every body type is a “bikini body” but it is all about finding the right bikini for your body. The plus-size community is slowly but surely embracing this idea and has affectionately renamed the bikini a “fatkini.” A fatkini is essentially a bikini that was designed specifically with a full figured girl in mind. The fatkini is catching on quick, not only as a new trend but also as an opportunity for plus-size girls to embrace their curves and reveal a suppressed confidence.
This summer, shameful bodies are breaking out of their shells. There is a new babe on the beach and a different kind of diva chilling pool side. She is fearless, striking and designers are targeting that girl. Award winning contemporary plus-size designer Monif Clarke of Monif C. hit the mark with her “Sao Paulo” High-Waisted Plus Size Bikini. Monif encouraged her customers to splurge on one of her two-piece swimsuits in an Essence.com interview. “There are beautiful plus-size women going on vacations with their husbands and girlfriends, going on cruises, and more,” Clarke said. She continued, “It makes me feel great that these women can go out in a swimsuit without a big bulky t-shirt on and still feel comfortable.”
You can make anything look good if you feel good in it and when you feel good about yourself it doesn’t matter what others think. “I can’t tell you how freeing it is to just have fun without worrying about what other people think, said plus-size fashion blogger, Gabi Gregg. Gregg has been an influential leader in the fatkini movement.
In her Fatkini 2012 post on GabiFresh.com, she wore a black and white stripe vintage-inspired bikini from Simplybe and compliments poured in on her blog for days. Some of her readers even called her inspiring. So inspiring, Gregg recently appeared on The Today Show to talk about the new fatkini phenomenon. Although her confidence was applauded, in the same breath she was criticized for promoting obesity and an unhealthy lifestyle. Gregg quickly fired back explaining that she measures her health by her happiness and not by the numbers on the scale. She encouraged a healthy lifestyle by eating correctly and staying active but can’t stress enough how important it is to “be happy in the bodies we have right now.”
In a recent SHAPE magazine survey, a whopping 82 percent of women feel pressured to shape up and slim down for bikini season. 60 percent actually diet for the warm summer season. Why not live in the moment and celebrate our bodies for once. It is so refreshing to see that most designers and clothing companies are expanding their designing minds and creating their very own versions of the fatkini. Lane Bryant, Torrid and Everything But Water are on the list of places you can find the right bikini for your body type. Once you have found the perfect two-piece to suit your body, transform that every day bikini into a golden mome
feature Lifestyle
I’m down for fatkinis mainly b’cuz I like full figured women. But although I’m into them I am always thrown off, looking away in slight distaste, when I see a big girl in a bikini. I don’t fully understand but I figure it’s still a major taboo. But that is the case for any woman outside the “woman” ideal, which is white, no muscle defition but toned, brown hair, brown eyes. Again, I love all shapes but we’ll, I mean our culture, will never get over its hate for perceived overweightness
“In a recent SHAPE magazine survey, a whopping 82 percent of women feel pressured to shape up and slim down for bikini season.”
I am a part of that 82% and I don’t think that’s such a bad thing…at least not for me. I have slacked off on exercise and healthy eating habits for the last 2 months. The summer season is just the motivation I need to clock in more hours at the gym and be mindful of what I’m eating. Our motivations may differ but within reason there’s nothing wrong with wanting to look good or drop a few pounds.
@Tia: @Tia:
There is a difference between wanting to get more active/healthy for summer and not doing anything because you don’t have a “bikini body.”
The biggest problem is, so many people focus on getting bikini ready, that once that time is over, they drop all of the healthy habits for the rest of the year.
The point is, focus on improving your healthy: no matter what the scale says or where it ends up. And don’t put life on pause because of the number on the scale or your shirt.
Tonnya
The most popular workout/fitness dvd company is called BeachBody. It’s not rocket science. It’s profitable to sell fear of rejection
Kalhu
I love that their is a move towards letting women of all shapes and sizes bask in the summer-wear glory. More power to us right! ; D
The question I’d love to see answered is, why must people wear bikinis?
I do love this but the thing that still bothers me about these photos is how airbrushed they are, when you see a slim woman she generally looks okay because of lack of cellulite etc. which these women probably have, its this wobbly factor I think that makes women so scared of wearing bikinis in public, well it is for me anyway, I’m only 19 and am a UK size 10 but have terrible cellulite, so would never wear a swimsuit let alone a bikini in public!
Kudos to the designer for creating beautiful and fashionable swimwear for larger women, I just wish the images were more realistic.
This seems like a really awesome idea. But I don’t like wearing anything with the name fat in it. So CURVINI would be a much better name. I’m a size 10 and I’ve never been able to wear a bikini before so this would make me feel so confident and sexy to wear.
I had this thought when I was on a cruise earlier this month. Im pregnant, but swore to wear a bikini on my cruises I didn’t want to be guilted into wearing a one piece. So as I sat out on the lido deck people watching, I saw women of all shapes and sizes: some in bikini’s many in one pieces. As I went to pee numerous times because the baby likes dancing in my bladder I thought to myself, all women should wear a bikini…its a hell of a lot easier to pee in a bikini than it is in a one piece. One piece-urination is primitive and barbaric. And I wished that big women wore them more. Disregard everyone else and enjoy that sun and wind on your skin. Pee with freedom and in partial nudity…not full! Who cares? Small, in shape women have the wiggles too. Be free and have fun!!! I sure did. And I’m an 8/10 normally and in pregnancy with cellulite, back fat, and jiggly arms. =0)
Petite Diva
@Trish: I love your point of view. I will refer to this comment every-time I feel insecure about my body!
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