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Six Things That Stood Out
Six Things That Stood Out for the Titans vs. Steelers
NASHVILLE – The Titans lost to the Steelers 18-6 in preseason game No.3 on Sunday night.
Here's a look at six things that stood out from the game as we begin to turn our attention to the preseason finale against the Chicago Bears, and the regular season opener vs. the Browns.
Shaky Protection
Seeing quarterback Marcus Mariota go down in the end zone was bad enough. Coach Mike Vrabel admitted after the contest he pulled Mariota after just seven snaps because of concerns about protecting him. But the hits kept coming, as back-up Ryan Tannehill took a beating while being sacked three times. Add Logan Woodside's three sacks and it added up to seven allowed on the night. Vrabel spread the blame around on Monday, saying it was a team effort. This much is certain: The Titans better get this fixed in a hurry because Cleveland has a pretty good defensive front.
Enough for Mariota?
So I mentioned Mariota played just seven snaps against the Steelers. Add that to his work in the first two preseason contests and he's now played just 36 snaps all preseason. I'm thinking he won't suit up on Thursday in Chicago either. Is that enough to have him regular season ready? Well, consider this interesting stat from Warren Sharp: At least four QBs haven't played a single snap in the preseason (Rodgers, Goff, Wentz, and Rivers) and several have barely played (Trubisky, 3 snaps), Carr (6), Brees (8), Newton (11), Watson 13).
Booming Punts
After Titans punter Brett Kern booted a 70-yard punt on Sunday night, I tweeted he looked to be in midseason form. He then unleashed an 81-yard punt that was called back because of a penalty, before hitting another bomb for 67 yards. Kern averaged 68.5 yards on two punts before giving way to Austin Barnard. It's safe to say he's one guy who is ready for the season.
Punt Return Questions
Watching Adoree' Jackson fail to field a pair of punts on Sunday night looked familiar, and it made me wonder even more about who will handle the job starting in Cleveland. Vrabel defended Jackson on Monday, and a part of me still believes he brings big-play potential to the job. But with veteran Adam Humphries around, I'm thinking there's a real scenario where this job flips to him. After all, he's listed No.1 on the team's unofficial depth chart.
Pass Rush?
I'm not saying this is a problem. I'm just pointing out the fact the Titans have managed just two sacks (one from DL Isaiah Mack, the other from CB LeShaun Sims) in three preseason games, while their opponents have 12. But consider the fact Cameron Wake didn't play in the first two contests, and he played just 10 snaps vs the Steelers. Harold Landry hasn't played at all in the preseason, and disruptive d-lineman Jurrell Casey has hardly been on the field. The Titans will need more here when the regular season starts, but keep in mind DC Dean Pees will get a lot more creative and aggressive with blitzes when the regular season starts. It's been vanilla so far.
More McNichols
Running back Jeremy McNichols continues to make the most of his opportunities, and he's getting them with the absence of Derrick Henry, Dalyn Dawkins and David Fluellen. McNichols busted off a 23-yard run against the Steelers, and he leads the team in rushing through three games. He's also showed up on special teams. The Titans have some tough decisions to make at the end of this week, and one of them includes McNichols.
2019 Preseason Week 3: Titans vs. Steelers
The Tennessee Titans take on the Pittsburgh Steelers in Week 3 of the Preseason Sunday night at Nissan Stadium. (Photos: Donald Page, AP)
NASHVILLE, TN - AUGUST 25, 2019 - The preseason home game between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Tennessee Titans at Nissan Stadium in Nashville, TN. Photo Tennessee Titans
Caleb Jones
Tennessee Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota passes against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the first half of a preseason NFL football game Sunday, Aug. 25, 2019, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/Mark Zaleski)
Mark Zaleski/Copyright 2019 The Associated Press. All rights reserved
Tennessee Titans quarterback Ryan Tannehill (17) passes against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the first half of a preseason NFL football game Sunday, Aug. 25, 2019, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/James Kenney)
James Kenney/Copyright 2019 The Associated Press. All rights reserved
Tennessee Titans quarterback Ryan Tannehill passes against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the first half of a preseason NFL football game Sunday, Aug. 25, 2019, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/James Kenney)
Tennessee Titans quarterback Logan Woodside (5) calls a play against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second half of a preseason NFL football game Sunday, Aug. 25, 2019, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/Mark Zaleski)
Tennessee Titans wide receiver Kalif Raymond plays against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second half of a preseason NFL football game Sunday, Aug. 25, 2019, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/James Kenney)
Tennessee Titans quarterback Logan Woodside plays against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second half of a preseason NFL football game Sunday, Aug. 25, 2019, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/James Kenney)
Tennessee Titans outside linebacker Kamalei Correa (44) plays against the Pittsburgh Steelers in the first half of a preseason NFL football game Sunday, Aug. 25, 2019, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/James Kenney)
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About TFSA | Help | Find us on: Twitter | Facebook
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What are the privacy rights of public figures?
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Thread: What are the privacy rights of public figures?
27-Feb-07, 09:09 PM #1
Dave A
Site Caretaker
It seems there is a bit of a storm brewing over who is allowed to know about any health issues our Minister of Health may have.
The disregard for Health Minister Manto Tshabalala-Msimang's right to privacy is cause for deep concern, the Registrar of the Health Professions Council of South Africa said on Tuesday.
Registrar Boyce Mkhize voiced his concern about the "indiscriminate insensitivity and wanton disregard" of the minister's rights after she was admitted to Johannesburg General Hospital last Tuesday for treatment.
The minister's health had been under the spotlight since she returned to work a few weeks ago after suffering a long illness.
Tshabalala-Msimang was admitted to the same hospital last year for several weeks, suffering from a lung infection.
"Every citizen of this country ought to enjoy full protection of the law and constitutional rights enshrined in our Bill of Rights," Mkhize said in a statement.
"Every patient has a right to privacy and not to have their illness or ailment disclosed without their consent."
Mkhize said the doctor-patient relationship rests on this pillar of trust, which was about preserving confidentiality of patient data.
"No member of the public is entitled to know what the minister, or even the president suffers from, let alone the causes of such ailment as some excited journalists have attempted to establish."
full story on M&G here
So what are the privacy rights of public figures? What are we entitled to know?
Participation is voluntary.
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28-Feb-07, 09:40 AM #2
duncan drennan
Well, I think as far as medical and legal thingambobs go people should be able to keep their privacy. That should be a flat rule - start making exceptions and things get a bit hairy.
Something else that caught my eye in the quote...
???? I wonder what is possibly being implied here..... ????
I suppose the biggest issue is that the symptoms match a well know ailment that both Manto and Thabo have tried to discredit. If they admit that this is the case then they are BOTH discredited, if they say nothing (as is the case...hmmm seen that anywhere before? ) speculation runs rampant, and there is almost an implication of what is suspected.
Why not just be up-front about the issues? Seems to me that ego and credibility are the big issues here.
[SIGPIC]Engineer Simplicity[/SIGPIC]
Turn ideas into products | The Art of Engineering blog
Is our media not at fault for confusing the "Right to privacy" and their assumed "Right to disclose"?
I was standing in the queue at SARS today (don't ask!) and had enough time to read the SARS charter. SARS says that you are entitled to expect SARS to respect your constitutional rights and privacy by keeping your private affairs strictly confidential. If SARS can do that, then surely our media can as well?
There is an interesting Press Statement on the SARS website about Zuma's tax affairs and confidentiality. See http://www.sars.gov.za/
When I am confronted by some absurd reporter demanding information, say about a client, my standard reply is: "You do not have the right to know, my client has a right to privacy and I am bound by the ethics of confidentiality not to disclose. Please quote me verbatim." [and will add, if you did not get that down, I will say it again slowly for you to write down properly because I know you cannot write very fast . . . ]
I think there's a risk here of confusing what should be disclosed with who should be doing the disclosing.
The doctor, lawyer or tax official is clearly not the person to divulge this information. They are obliged to maintain confidentiality regardless of the details and who is involved. But let's not confuse that piece of ethics with the publics right to know. If there is an entitlement to information, that information needs to come from the individual or their official spokesperson, not the practitioner.
And when they don't speak up, is it any surprise that the media (and others) go fishing?
For example, certain aspects of financial disclosure are contained in the parliamentary rules. These rules aren't applicable to private individuals... Of course, parliamentarians also enjoy certain protections we don't enjoy as ordinary citizens too. Slander is one of them, if I remember correctly. But it has to be said in a parliamentary sitting.
Issues relating to "capacity to bear office" also seems relevant. It was considered applicable to the Tony Blair heart incident.
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The Higher Education Review
Mentor's Opinion
STUDENTS DIARY
Media and Mass Communication
STUDY ABROAD Magazine
MagazineMarch ›› 2019 issue
Mass Media: The Ever-Evolving Weapon of Advertising
Author : Mrs. Vibhuti Bhatt, Director, ONE Advertising & Communication Services Limited
Mrs. Vibhuti Bhatt, Director, One Advertising & Communication Services Limited
I have spent the majority of my professional life learning, utilizing and most importantly evolving with mass media. The strongest memory I have of the power of mass media comes from my childhood. Every Sunday morning, the entire country would come to a standstill, staring at their television screens to enjoy an episode of Mahabharata. Can you imagine what a modern-day brand would give for this kind of undisputed TG attention to their campaign?
Those were the days when TV (Doordarshan), Radio (Vividhbharti), and Newspapers were the voice of the nation. They were the only source of news, knowledge & entertainment for the masses, making them powerful influencers. It's no surprise that we remember the age-old jingles from yesteryear but forget jingles aired last year. The ROI strategy for marketers was simple the more you pay, the more you get.
Over the years, however, the evolution of these three powerful media came in the form of expansion. With an aim to grab a piece of the publicity pie, several other players entered the television, publication and radio arena. This gave people options, which more often than not leads to confusion. Competition surely brought the prices down, but also reduced the impact.
"Media-specific communication is key, like every tool, whether it's digital, print or outdoor, has its own purpose and potential"
When Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp, and YouTube were launched, they were perceived as play tools for the idle mind of the millennial. Today, they are an integral tool of every campaign's mass media strategy. In fact, in most campaigns, they are the most important media platform. The reasons behind the same are simple. The average person spends around 10 minutes reading the daily newspaper. Compare that to the time a person spends on their mobile, which is almost all day. However, this does not mean that the press, television, and radio have lost their value. They are still a vital cog in the communication wheel. However, from a commercial point of view, they offer meager ROI.
So then, what's the best way to be the ace in their mind space?
The answer is simple 360° media integration. Build your entire campaign on the axis of a strong, sensible and most importantly, relatable idea, integrating every mass media tool. This does not mean hammering the same message across diverse media. That creates a blind spot, which would put the entire campaign down the drainc This evokes interest and eliminates monotony.
A classic case study of the same was the Adani PNG "Ahmedabad, Load Na Lo" campaign. There was a general apathy towards daily cooking gas preference in Ahmedabad, with a "chalta hain toh chalne do" attitude strongly resisting the switch from LPG gas to PNG gas. We successfully broke through this mindset with a tactical combination of a smart campaign line "Ahmedabad Load Na Lo" and a strong brand ambassador "RJ Dhwanit."
"Ahmedabad Load Na Lo" was planned as a "wake-up call" to citizens of Ahmedabad, addressing the perils and inconveniences of having an LPG connection i.e. danger of explosion, advance booking, leakage problem, high expense, inconsistent quality and difficult transportation of the cylinders. Though his morning show, RJ Dhwanit the poster boy of Ahmedabad city and also one of the strongest opinion drivers of Ahmadabad's homemakers, quickly made the campaign line a hit amongst the masses. After registering a massive response to the same, in the second stage, the campaign revealed the brand and adopted a "myths v/s reality" route in its communication, eliminating the pre-conceived notions regarding PNG Gas and emphasizing its advantages over traditional LPG Gas Cylinders. Through a 360 degree campaign revolving around a strong central communication line and an influential brand ambassador, we successfully transformed myths into reality and awareness into action.
Looking towards the future, I believe innovation would be the game changer in the battle for the consumer's mind. If it's different, it's going to grab attention. There are a lot of media tools making entry into the communication world. The one that exploits them best will excel above the rest.
In the end, I believe that the media is only as good as the message. I will close with a quote the legendary David Ogilvy once said, which summarizes my personal philosophy of advertising - "Tell the truth, but make the truth fascinating."
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Caleb Has Day To Remember At The ABAX
Youngster Caleb Hyland was the club's special guest at the final home fixture of the season.
After visiting the Peterborough United Club Shop with his family at a recent takeover, youngster Caleb Hyland made an impression on everybody who met him.
After obtaining the signatures of Mark Tyler, Jerome Binnom-Williams and Marcus Maddison, he then proceeded to have a kickabout with Marcus in the store.
The five-year-old is currently battling leukaemia and underwent a bout of chemotherapy this week. After hearing how much of an impression the visit to the Shop made on the youngster, chairman Darragh MacAnthony set the wheels in motion to create a memorable day at the ABAX Stadium.
Caleb was invited to watch the Sky Bet League One fixture with Bristol Rovers at the ABAX Stadium from the chairman's seat in the Director's Box alongside his family and ahead of kick-off, spent time in the dressing room meeting the squad.
He was introduced to Mick the Skip and Peter Burrow and met Director of Football Barry Fry and Chief Executive Bob Symns. He proved a good luck charm for the team as goals from Leo Da Silva Lopes (2), Marcus Maddison and Craig Mackail-Smith earned a 4-2 win. (in fact, at the time that a sleepy Caleb left the ground, Posh were 4-0 to the good).
Chairman Darragh MacAnthony said: "When I heard about the impact that the visit to the Shop made on Caleb, I got in touch on Facebook with the family to invite them to our game and sit in the Director's Box. I was in the States at the time, so was unable to meet him on the day, but I understand he had a great day and that shows the power of the football club. I wish Caleb well with his recovery."
His family have contacted the club to say thank you for wonderful day. "It made a little boy very happy".
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Group raising money to purchase community farm
FAYETTEVILLE, W.Va. (AP) — A West Virginia group is raising money in hopes of purchasing land for a community farm.
Agrarian Trust Director Ian McSweeney told West Virginia News Service that the national organization is working with the West Virginia Agrarian Commons to buy an 82-acre farm in Fayette County with a 99-year lease.
The cooperative farm would lower costs to make it easier for new growers to enter agriculture production, he said.
Many new farmers take on so much debt, they can’t afford to use sustainable farming practices, said Susanna Wheeler, board president of the West Virginia Agrarian Commons.
The group said after it buys the Fayette County farm, it will become the New Roots Community Farm and will expand food access across the region.
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Women’s tennis wins its first
Sean Reilly, Staff Writer|February 28, 2007
After being shut out in Thursday’s loss to Princeton, the St. John’s women’s tennis team bounced back and grabbed their first victory of the season, defeating Syracuse 6-1 Saturday afternoon at Cunningham Park.
The Red Storm began the day with a hard-fought victory in the first round of doubles play, as Alison Adamski and Nataly Tumsevica defeated Olga Votavova and Maria Vasilyeva 8-6.
After that, however, it was all St. John’s as Ira Aleksova and Maria Zivcicova took the second round 8-2 over Carolina Huignard and Chelsea Jones. Lauren Leo and Mariana Chachua completed the sweep with an 8-1 win over Anne Magellan and Kathleen Ready.
Singles competition was more of the same, beginning with Zivcicova going the distance in a strenuous three-set match over Votavova 7-6, 7-6, 10-4 in the number one spot.
Syracuse responded by scoring their only point in the competition with a second round victory, as Vasilyeva beat Tumsevica 6-0, 6-2. After that, St. John’s rallied as Adamski took the number three spot 6-0, 6-2 over Huignard. Aleksova defeated Jones 6-2, 6-1 in the forth, Gabija Gasiunaite won 6-2, 6-4 over Magellan in the fifth, and Leo topped Ready 6-2, 6-0 to win the sixth round.
Princeton 7, St. John’s 0
Saturday’s win comes after a rough start for the Red Storm, who began the season with four straight losses on the road, including their 7-0 thrashing at the hands of Princeton University on Thursday.
It began with Gasiunaite and Ashley Harper retiring in the number two doubles spot after being down 4-0 to Princeton’s Sarah Huah and Darcy Robertson but showed promise in the third round when Aleksova and Zivcicova scored an 8-2 win over Blakely Ashley and Kristen Scott. However, momentum quickly shifted back to the Tigers as Adamski and Tumsevica came up short in an 8-6 loss to Melissa Saiontz and Ivana King in the number one spot.
The Red Storm did not fare any better in singles matches, as Leo retired in the sixth match trailing 6-2. Harper fell to Ashley 6-0, 6-1 in the fifth spot. Tumsevica was defeated by Saiontz 6-1, 6-0 in the number one spot. Huah bested Gasiunaite 6-1, 6-1 in the forth spot and Adamski lost to King 6-1, 6-3 in the second.
St. John’s last chance for redemption came in the number three spot, as Aleksova forced a third set with Robertson.
Unfortunately, she came up short and lost 6-1, 5-7. 10-6.
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Critic’s Corner: “Get Out”
Gilman scholarship offers students a chance to study abroad
Men’s soccer scores emotional victory at Belson
Vintage show to take on Manhattan
Vincentian View: Education within an education
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Consult With A Superb 10.0 Rated Divorce/Family Law Attorney Today.
Guardianships & Estate Planning
Marchman Act And Baker Act
» Under What Circumstances Will The Court Award Alimony Or Spousal Support?
Under What Circumstances Will The Court Award Alimony Or Spousal Support?
The obligation of spouses to support each other does not necessarily terminate when they divorce. If the divorce will leave one spouse with very little income and the other with enough to contribute to the low-income spouse’s support, the court will usually award alimony, at least temporarily. Although historically, spousal maintenance was typically awarded to homemaker wives, to be paid by breadwinning husbands, that is no longer always the case. Now, either spouse may be awarded alimony if the other has the more substantial income and the recipient spouse’s income is insufficient to support him or her at the level to which the spouses were accustomed during the marriage. Spousal support is often awarded in cases in which one spouse has put his or her education or career on hold in order to raise the parties’ children while the other climbed the career ladder and achieved a higher income. In such cases, the alimony will often be temporary, providing income for the period of time that will enable the recipient spouse to become self-supporting. This temporary, or rehabilitative, spousal support enables the spouse receiving it to further his or her education, reestablish himself or herself in a former career, or complete child rearing responsibilities, after which time he or she can be self-sufficient. If one spouse is unable to get a good-paying job, however, perhaps due to health or advanced age, the support award may be permanent. The amount and duration of alimony depends on several factors, including:
(a) The standard of living established during the marriage.
(b) The duration of the marriage.
(c) The age and the physical and emotional condition of each party.
(d) The financial resources of each party, the nonmarital and the marital assets and liabilities distributed to each.
(e) When applicable, the time necessary for either party to acquire sufficient education or training to enable such party to find appropriate employment.
(f) The contribution of each party to the marriage, including, but not limited to, services rendered in homemaking, child care, education and career building of the other party.
(g) All sources of income available to either party.
(h) The court may consider any other factor necessary to do equity and justice between the parties.
Domestic Violence, Repeat Violence, Sexual And Dating Violence Injunctions
Preparing A Financial Affidavit
The Benefits Of Having A Divorce Lawyer
How Does A Court Decide If A Parent May Relocate With A Child?
How Does A Court Decide Which Parent Will Get Custody Of A Child?
How Is Child Support Collected If The Person Responsible For Paying It Moves To Another State?
How Is The Amount Of Child Support Calculated?
I Was Ordered To Pay Alimony To My Former Spouse And They Are Living With Someone Else Who Is Supporting Them. Can I Ask The Court’s Permission To Terminate My Alimony Obligation?
Learn More: Family Law
Once A Court Issues A Child Support Order Can The Amount Of Support That Is Paid Be Changed?
What Are Parents’ Obligations To Their Children?
What Happens To The Property That Each Spouse Owned Before The Marriage?
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All about tokyo | The Urban Animals
All about tokyo
Okura is back
Okura main wing and lobby before it was demolished in 2015. Seems that - at least for the lobby – there will be second chances.
Our Tokyo Guide
Tokyo always comes in two versions: A real-world city, and one that lives in our imagination. From the slightly surreal world of Lost in Translation and the fluorescent-lit nightscape of Murakami’s After Dark to the cyberpunk Neo-Tokyo of Akira it is as much a nexus of global pop culture as the epicenter of Japan. We will take you on a tour – our tour – of Tokyo and show you our version.
The Knot Shinjuku
We now have a new place to stay in Tokyo: The Knot Shinjuku.
In Japan, almost every city has its own unsung wonderland: It’s called Tokyu Hands. To call it a “store” would be an understatement: A typical incarnation will sell everything that isn’t edible, and then some.
Zen Shibuya
We’ve first been to Zen when we had an Airbnb in the area and didn’t want to hunt around for a lunch place. We’ve always had a soft spot for udon noodles: Compared to the better known, all-popular ramen they are thicker, more substantial and more “native Japanese”. They come in as many variations as ramen, though.
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The voice of reason for the AEC industry
Conference call: Ramesh Gunda
by The Zweig Letter April 30, 2018
Founder and president of Gunda Corporation (#32 Hot Firm for 2017), a 60-person engineering consulting firm based in Houston.
By Liisa Andreassen
“I’m not a big fan of utilization rates,” Gunda says. “I believe teams do better when you reward them by their accomplishments rather than utilization rates. I think this practice encourages more learning, more bonding, and more efficient time management.”
A CONVERSATION WITH RAMESH GUNDA.
The Zweig Letter: The talent war in the A/E industry is here. What steps do you take to create the leadership pipeline needed to retain your top people and not lose them to other firms?
Ramesh Gunda: Employee retention and leadership development are an integral part of our strategic plan. We revisit the plan on an annual basis to re-examine needs and action items. To develop staff into the leaders of tomorrow, it’s essential that we provide training and mentorship from the leaders of today. It was with this ambition in mind that we hired a COO, director of client services, and human resources/organizational development manager, who are not only veterans in the industry, but also have a passion for watching employees grow their skills. As you can imagine, creating a leadership pipeline and maintaining a high level of employee satisfaction is a marathon, not a sprint, and we’re happy with the results so far.
TZL: As you look for talent, what position do you most need to fill in the coming year and why?
RG: While we’re looking for good people at all levels, mid-level engineer positions seem to be the most difficult to fill right now. We’re diversifying our firm in terms of services and need experienced engineers to allow us to better compete with firms that are already established in these new disciplines.
TZL: While plenty of firms have an ownership transition plan in place, many do not. What’s your advice for firms that have not taken steps to identify and empower the next generation of owners?
RG: I once heard from a veteran in the field that you only have three options for ownership transition:
Transition ownership internally
Sell the firm to an outsider
Close shop if you didn’t plan for either of the first two options
Unless you’re comfortable with the third option, it’s crucial to have a strategic/ownership transition plan in place, even for firms that are young or small. The plan will help your team understand where the firm is going and what opportunities are available to them.
TZL: Monthly happy hours and dog friendly offices. What do today’s CEOs need to know about today’s workforce?
RG: Workforce motivations evolve with each generation. While it took 20 to 30 years for a generational change in the late 1900s, you now see a generational shift in what feels like every five years. The most important thing that a CEO can do is to keep an open mind because with up to five generations working alongside each other, flexibility is key. I like to take a big picture approach to employee satisfaction and leave the particulars of how to keep people happy and drive performance to team managers (with HR support). Managers are in the trenches with their team and have a better pulse on what motivates their team members.
TZL: Zweig Group research shows there has been a shift in business development strategies. More and more, technical staff, not marketing staff, are responsible for BD. What’s the BD formula in your firm?
RG: Our formula matches with Zweig Group research. We believe every team member has a responsibility for business development. We really don’t have a traditional marketing team; we have a business development group which focuses on long-term growth strategies and supporting our engineers’ business development efforts.
TZL: Diversifying the portfolio is never a bad thing. What are the most recent steps you’ve taken to broaden your revenue streams?
RG: Our diversification efforts include adding new services, attaining new clients, and opening new office locations.
TZL: The list of responsibilities for project managers is seemingly endless. How do you keep your PMs from burning out? And if they crash, how do you get them back out on the road, so to speak?
RG: There are a lot of expectations for PMs these days as their duties now extend beyond the technical realm into business. You can almost make a case for anything to be included in a PM’s job description, from pursuing work to collecting payments and everything in between. Avoiding burnout is all about providing support resources, training, and mentoring. To support our PMs, we assign a principal-in-charge and a deputy PM to each project. These people are kept in the loop on each project’s progression and serve as dual backups. It’s the responsibility of principals and department managers to monitor PMs closely so that we’re hopefully able to avoid any impending burnout situations. That said, there’s no silver bullet for putting a crashed PM back on the road. You have to spend time understanding the cause and learning about how we can better support them going forward. Sometimes burnout may be the result of a personal situation and the fix may be as easy as reassigning them to a different job duty that works better with their personal situation.
TZL: What is the role of entrepreneurship in your firm?
RG: We encourage and support entrepreneurship in our firm and have several budding success stories. We provide a stage for entrepreneurial development by having a seasoned team of leaders/mentors and other resources in place to help our people build the skills and momentum they need to open new doors. I’m confident that each of our staff that has shown promising entrepreneurial initiative is fully capable of building a team of a dozen or more and I’ll give them full personal and corporate support to do so.
TZL: In the next couple of years, what A/E segments will heat up, and which ones will cool down?
RG: I predict office and institutional campus development and defense contracts will heat up thanks to recent tax cuts and an increased defense budget. Conversely, I foresee transportation and infrastructure suffering due to less federal funds allocated to those markets and a possible political stalemate in mid-term elections.
TZL: With overhead rates declining over the last five years and utilization rates slowly climbing back up to pre-recession levels, how do you deal with time management policies for your project teams? Is it different for different clients?
RG: I’m not a big fan of utilization rates. I believe teams do better when you reward them by their accomplishments rather than utilization rates. I think this practice encourages more learning, more bonding and more efficient time management.
TZL: Measuring the effectiveness of marketing is difficult to do using hard metrics for ROI. How do you evaluate the success/failure of your firm’s marketing efforts when results could take months, or even years, to materialize? Do you track any metrics to guide your marketing plan?
RG: Yes, it’s difficult. We develop goals and metrics for all of our efforts including marketing at our end-of-year strategic plan retreat. We are improving our strategies and metrics with time, but as of now, the most useful metrics we have for tracking the success of these efforts are related to annual revenue goals, opportunities generated, and new client acquisition.
TZL: The last few years have been good for the A/E industry. Is there a downturn in the forecast, and if so, when and to what severity?
RG: Like every other market, A/E is cyclical. Yes, there will be a downturn in the near future. If the lack of interest in reinvesting in infrastructure doesn’t change soon, the downturn will come sooner than later and will be severe.
TZL: They say failure is a great teacher. What’s the biggest lesson you’ve had to learn the hard way?
RG: Delegation does not excuse you from responsibility.
TZL: While M&A is always an option, there’s something to be said about organic growth. What are your thoughts on why and how to grow a firm?
RG: Organic growth is preferable to M&A. Organic growth controls the rate of growth and allows for less cultural and integration challenges than the alternative by allowing you to hire team members who believe in the same mission, core values, and culture.
TZL: Do you use historical performance data or metrics to establish project billable hours and how does the type of contract play into determining the project budget?
RG: We use historical data as a base and make adjustments for complexity, client, and risk. We estimate project budgets the same way for all contracts, except we may add more project management time if the client needs lots of back up in terms of timesheets, expenses, or reports.
TZL: What’s your prediction for 2018?
RG: It may not end up as great as it started.
Winners from Zweig Group’s Hot Firm and A/E Industry Awards Conference are highlighted in The Zweig Letter, in addition to being celebrated at the conference. Click here to learn more about Zweig Group’s awards.
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1246Business DevelopmentEntrepreneurshipfeaturedGrowthleadership pipelineLiisa AndreassenM&Amarketingorganic growthOwnership TransitionProject ManagersRamesh GundaRetention
Keeping your firm ‘ready to sell’
Forward thinking: Michael Anastasio
Successful delegation
Creating success: David E. Ott
Leadership transition as a way of life
Real collaboration: Mark Brumfield
Back to relationship basics
Incentive compensation
Positive impact: Darin Anderson
Extrinsic motivation
Keep a cool head and carry on!
About The Zweig Letter
The Zweig Letter is a truly unique management newsletter. Each week, The Zweig Letter keeps A/E and environmental services firm leaders informed, inspired, entertained, and challenged. Every 12-page issue of The Zweig Letter leads off with a hard-hitting editorial from management guru, Mark Zweig. Mark is radical, sensible, and thought-provoking with a dose of humor, to boot. A/E and environmental services firms are not like other businesses, so The Zweig Letter only reports on management ideas that are proven to work in firms like yours.
Ownership transition in A/E firms
Cultural fit vs. cultural add
Long-term results
Parental advice you ignored
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Home > Search for Pages
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#MovingDay Celebration and Giveaway
‘God had his hand in it’ | Toddler recovers after near drowning on July Fourth 7/14/2020
Seeing her bounce around the yard today, you’d never know the near tragedy the 3-year-old experienced on July Fourth.
‘God had his hand in it’ | Toddler recovers after near drowning on July Fourth
‘It’s been scary’ | National golf personality recovers from COVID-19 7/8/2020
You wouldn’t think booking a few holes on the golf course would be much of an accomplishment for national golf personality Charlie Rymer.
‘It’s been scary’ | National golf personality recovers from COVID-19
‘Parent’s Night Out’ coming Dec. 15 to Tidelands HealthPoint 12/10/2018
Enjoy time to yourself while your youngsters run, dance, play and swim at the center.
‘Parent’s Night Out’ coming Dec. 15 to Tidelands HealthPoint
‘People are just amazing’ | Retrofitted respirators buoy Tidelands Health care team 4/17/2020
The N95 respirators are in short supply across the country, and Tidelands Health, wasn’t expecting a shipment. Yet here were 4,400 of them.
‘People are just amazing’ | Retrofitted respirators buoy Tidelands Health care team
‘This is the real deal’ | Tidelands Health physician battles COVID-19 7/20/2020
The doctor who had cared for dozens of hospitalized COVID-19 patients since March was now fighting for his own health.
‘This is the real deal’ | Tidelands Health physician battles COVID-19
‘To someone special’ | Residents at local assisted living center send get well cards to hospital patients 4/23/2020
Patients at Tidelands Health hospitals received a surprise pick-me-up thanks to a thoughtful gesture by residents of a local assisted living center.
‘To someone special’ | Residents at local assisted living center send get well cards to hospital patients
“Cat Nap” Program Implemented at Georgetown Memorial Hospital 5/4/2011
“Cat Nap” Program Implemented at Georgetown Memorial Hospital
“Miracle” in Georgetown as local pastor regains ability to speak 7/20/2017
Pastor Tommy Cox credits God and a well-trained clinical team for his extraordinary recovery from a stroke.
“Miracle” in Georgetown as local pastor regains ability to speak
“Sweat for the Cure” coming Oct. 13 to Tidelands HealthPoint 10/1/2018
This year’s event is scheduled from 9-11 a.m. on Saturday, Oct. 13, at Tidelands HealthPoint, 12965 Ocean Highway in Pawleys Island.
“Sweat for the Cure” coming Oct. 13 to Tidelands HealthPoint
Understanding Birth e-Class
Understanding Breastfeeding e-Class
Understanding Your Newborn e-Class
Tidelands Health begins administering COVID-19 vaccines to individuals 70 and older January 19, 2021
Tidelands Health, WBTW partner to offer COVID-19 vaccine phone bank to answer community’s questions January 12, 2021
South Carolina National Guard arrives at Tidelands Health to help in administering the COVID-19 vaccine January 7, 2021
Tidelands Health to hire additional staff for mass vaccine effort January 7, 2021
Georgetown County first responders begin receiving COVID-19 vaccine December 23, 2020
As local hospitalizations reach record levels, Tidelands Health urges community to celebrate the holidays safely December 22, 2020
Tidelands Health administers first COVID-19 vaccinations to health care workers in Georgetown County December 16, 2020
Learn more about COVID-19 vaccines during virtual sessions with Tidelands Health experts this week December 15, 2020
Tidelands Waccamaw Community Hospital again named a top hospital for nurses December 7, 2020
Tidelands Health offering groundbreaking new treatment for high-risk COVID-19 patients November 30, 2020
Tidelands Health community health expert selected as ambassador for statewide organization November 24, 2020
Tidelands Health, DHEC to offer free flu shots at two drive-through events November 23, 2020
Tidelands Health hospitals earn national recognition for high-quality stroke care November 19, 2020
Tidelands Health adjusts hospital visitation policy November 12, 2020
Tidelands Health COVID-19 community efforts highlighted at statewide virtual conference November 10, 2020
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CALL US! (403) 537--5850
Support Process
Canadian Data Breaches: Changes to the Laws Occurred on November 1st, 2018
Learn More About Managed Service Providers
Thinking of Hiring a New IT Company?
Download Our Complimentary Report
Titan Solutions Group will never sell or rent your contact information. Your info is secure with us.
Many business owners don’t realize that new laws are in place surrounding data breaches. On November 1st, 2018, these new laws went into effect for all Canadian business owners. These laws will affect thousands of businesses now, so it’s essential for all business owners to be aware of the changes and be prepared to comply. If these laws are not followed, businesses could be fined up to $100,000.
Breaches Must Be Reported to the Government
If you collect customer data such as banking information, legal or health info or such things as SIN’s, and your database is breached, you must report this to the government. The new law outlines reportable breaches like those that create “a real risk of significant harm to individuals.”
How Will These Changes Impact My Company?
You must report a breach like this to the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada, along with the individuals who were affected. All those whose private legal, health or financial information was lost must be informed. They need to know precisely what information was lost, how many records were impacted and what caused the breach.
Companies must also show that they have taken the appropriate measures to prevent future breaches. If the prescribed steps are not followed correctly, the company can be heavily fined. In many cases, data breaches also damage the company’s reputation and affect consumer trust.
What Are The Specific Laws Changing?
This new law governing data breaches is not a stand-alone law. It’s an amendment to PIPEDA, the Canadian Personal Information and Electronic Documents Act. For a summary of Canada’s privacy laws, please visit here. The specific laws related to digital information can be found here. It’s important to understand and comply with both.
Many experts have pointed out that the wording in PIPEDA does leave room for interpretation. It covers situations where “…it is reasonable in the circumstances to believe that the breach creates a real risk of significant harm to the individual.” This wording is somewhat vague and may be interpreted in various ways by the Canadian courts.
Steps to Follow If There’s A Breach
Below, is a brief outline of the steps to follow if you experience a breach:
The nature of the breach and what specific data was stolen
What your organization has done to reduce risk and harm
How those affected can protect themselves and reduce their risk
Information about the organization’s contact information
The procedure for filing complaints
How Did the Breach Occur?
Once the source of the breach has been identified, the vulnerabilities must be repaired. Some breaches occur due to employee carelessness. Perhaps an employee clicked on a link in a phishing email. With so many workers now using their own devices, this opens the door to breaches if a device is lost or stolen. The way to handle this issue is with a Remote Management and Monitoring (RMM) program. This can be set up and managed by Titan Solutions Group. This offers multiple benefits including:
Compliance to regulations
Remote wipe if a device is lost or stolen
Find my device technology
Application management such as updates and patches
Titan Solutions Group can monitor and manage all your technology on a 24/7 basis. With Managed IT Services you can prevent downtime and keep your technology running smoothly. We can notify you of areas where we believe your database might be at risk and suggest ways to repair this vulnerability.
Other Ways to Mitigate Vulnerabilities
Having data stored and managed in the cloud is a good method of decreasing your company’s liabilities. The cloud offers many benefits including better security, scalability, plus it’s flexible and allows your workforce to be mobile.
How To Protect Your Data From Intrusion
With hackers around the world now scaling up their attacks, businesses must be thoroughly prepared. Simple firewalls and antivirus software are no longer enough. Most security experts recommend a layered approach to security. Follow these guidelines to protect your data from future data breaches:
Policies-Create and enforce security policies for your company.
People-Make sure your employees know what a phishing email looks like. Most workers need periodic regular training in this area, so they don’t get careless.
Technology-Make sure you have the right technologies in place to prevent a cyber-attack from occurring in the first place.
Canadians want to know how their personal information is being used. And they have a right to know what information is being collected and how it’s being used. In the future, these laws will most likely get even more strict for several reasons. Data breaches cost companies around the world billions of dollars each year. Cyber thieves are becoming more and more clever. They have fine-tuned their approach and figured out how to get people to open phishing emails. They can mimic the look of major companies like Spotify, Paypal, Apple and Microsoft. Ransomware scams have been highly successful and hackers are often able to earn thousands of dollars per day by taking over a company’s database and then threatening to destroy all the information unless a ransom is paid.
There are numerous ways to protect your data from a breach. Titan Solutions Group can help you assess your current security protocols and create stronger measures. We can also advise you on how to proceed if a data breach has already occurred. It’s essential to determine exactly what happened and notify those affected along with Canadian authorities as quickly as possible. By waiting, you risk hefty fines and your company’s reputation could be ruined.
Things like Proactive Monitoring can help. We will continually scan and track the stability and security of your IT system for maximum uptime identifying any security issues.
Watch This Clip
Stay Up To Date with the Latest IT News & Articles
Titan Solutions Group Inc. 135 Southland Drive SE Suite 100 Calgary, AB T2J 5X5
Phone: (403) 537--5850
Technical Support: (877) 537--5850
Sales & General Inquiries: (877) 855--5850 Email: info@titansg.ca
© 2021 Titan Solutions Group Inc. All rights reserved. Sitemap | Privacy Policy
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Young Ulster Designers in Catwalk Extravaganza
A new generation of emerging young talent will unveil their stunning catwalk creations at the University of Ulster’s end of year fashion show next week.
From elegant and elaborate to big and bold, from fluid sophistication to funky, chunky knits, their unique new trends reflect the high quality workmanship and skills of our top textile and fashion design students.
And industry leaders will eagerly be awaiting the extravaganza, which gives experts in the trade a first glimpse of Northern Ireland’s best up and coming young talent.
The foyer of the University of Ulster’s Belfast campus will be transformed into an elevated catwalk for the gala show which is taking place at 8pm next Wednesday June 6.
First and second year students have been given the opportunity to showcase a diverse and exciting range of eclectic garments, working on several themes.
The first years have three areas to choose from: ‘High Class Kitsch’ is a retrospective look at the fifties, with its sugary-sweet palette; ‘Distinction’ focuses on men’s wear for women, with a nod to work wear; ‘Overtone’ has an ethereal feel, incorporating jewel-inspired colouring.
Second year students will turn their attention to the concept of ‘Third World, Second Hand, Third Time Around’ and have produced innovative and individual designs which they have developed into knits, prints and embroideries.
And for the final year students, poised for a career in fashion, next Wednesday is the perfect shop window to exhibit their collections to the public and influential names in this highly competitive industry.
Alison Gault, Ulster’s Course Director, Textiles and Fashion Design, said: “This year’s catwalk show includes garments by first, second and third year students as well as hand-woven garments created by our textile weave students.
“We have a really strong team of graduate designers including Laura Abraham, who recently took the All-Ireland Student Designer of the Year title in the prestigious Golden Egg Fashion Innovations Awards.
“She impressed the judges with her stunning red carpet collection, ‘Ravenna’, inspired by birds and feathers.”
“The collections cover a fabulous range of work, from the totally outrageous to elegant glamour and street chic.
“There is everything from sunbathing suits, knitted with cotton and bamboo, to original conceptual clothing, a type of ‘wearable art’.”
Janet Coulter, Senior Lecturer in Fashion Design, added: “Once again the wealth of creativity on display is outstanding.
“Our show offers an important platform for first, second and final year students to showcase the diversity of their talents.
"For first years it is their initial exposure to public display. Significantly for secondyears it provides a working CV which employers can use to offer industrial placements and for final years it is a glittering launch pad into the industry.
“The unique selling point of fashion at Ulster is our students’ ability to create textiles through print, knit, weave, digital surface decoration and embellishment and translate these into innovative and highly creative end products with commercial value.”
During the fashion show, the winner of the Travelwise NI design competition will also be unveiled.
Each year Travelwise NI,a team withinthe Department for Regional Development, promotes Bike Week which runs from June 16 to 24, to raise awareness of the benefits of cycling.
First year students at Ulster were asked to submit a design concept for Bike Week 2012 which reflects the aims of the initiative and the winning entry will be reproduced onto t-shirts.
Tickets for Wednesday’s Fashion Show cost £12 and are available by contacting https://getinvited.to/ulsterfestival/the-ulster-fashion-show-/
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UNISON demands that Northern Ireland Budget fund fair pay for health workers
Today Westminster is debating the Northern Ireland Budget Bill setting funding for public services.
Commenting on the Westminster debate on the Budget Bill, UNISON Head of Bargaining and Representation, Anne Speed said:
“UNISON members in health and social services are currently being balloted for industrial action and actions short of strike due to the growing pay deficit between workers in Northern Ireland and other parts of the NHS.
For the last 8 months, we have been told by the Department of Health and the employers that they need resources from Westminster to pay workers what they are owed here.
Westminster is today debating a Budget Bill, but we are asking where the budget is to make sure health service workers are not left behind.
The workforce that the public needs to deliver care cannot be recruited and retained in the absence of fair pay. Our health service cannot continue to struggle on with unsafe staffing levels, crisis waiting lists and workers who are demoralised and undervalued.
This budget needs to be revised to ring-fence money to fund the pay award that the workers deserve and that our services need.
With a general election looming, we expect our local MPs will strongly make the case for pay justice for health workers in Northern Ireland.”
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office space /
Bart Oonk
E-mail: bart.oonk@trec.nl
Office: Amsterdam
Bart J.H. Oonk started his commercial real estate carreer at the global real estate advisor Savills in 2001. Here he was responsible for managing and renting out the property of a number of national and international real estate investors. First as an account manager at the property management department and then as a realtor at the Agency department at Savills. In 2004, in his new position as real estate manager at the World Trade Center Amsterdam, Bart was responsible for renting out around 120,000 sqm and was involved with various renovation projects. In 2006, he joined Jones Lang LaSalle, where as senior consultant, he assisted international and national organisations in finding property to rent or buy and various international and national real estate investors and developers in renting or selling out their property.
IJsbrand P.J. Willemse
E-mail: ijsbrand.willemse@trec.nl
Mobile: +31 (0)6 137 494 62
Office: Utrecht
IJsbrand P.J. Willemse started his career at Ans de Wijn Bedrijfshuisvesting and gained here his working experience in the commercial real estate industry. At Ans de Wijn IJsbrand was primarily responsible for the lease of office and business space. After 9 years of employment with Ans de Wijn Bedrijfshuisvesting it was time for the next step. Since January 2018 IJsbrand has worked at TREC as a real estate advisor, where he mainly focuses on optimizing and expanding the letting portfolio.
Tim Philippus
E-mail: tim.philippus@trec.nl
Tim Philippus has completed a bachelor degree in ‘Human Geography & Urban and Regional Planning’ and a master degree in ‘Real Estate Studies’ at the University of Groningen. During his studies he was quite active at one of the biggest student tennis clubs in the Netherlands, where he was chairman and secretary of the building committee and the daily board. In September 2016 he started working as real estate advisor at TREC, in this job he is jointly responsible for the letting portfolio.
Stijn Zwart
E-mail: stijn.zwart@trec.nl
Stijn Zwart has completed a bachelor degree in ‘Commercial Economy’ at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences. During his primary study he also completed a two-year during study to become a ‘shipbroker’ at the STC-College Group. He has completed both of his studies in 2018. During his studies he managed to become the founder of The TNG-Group, an event agency located in Amsterdam. Besides organizing several events he worked as an assistant at Amstel Shipping BV. In April 2019 he started working as real estate advisor at TREC, in this job he is jointly responsible for the letting portfolio.
Marieke Flaes
E-mail: marieke.flaes@trec.nl
Marieke Flaes started her career in the real estate market in 2006, as Office Manager / executive secretary at the former GPT Halverton (currently known as Internos). At GPT Halverton she assisted the board members, executed office management activities, organised events and was involved in the marketing and PR of GPT Halverton. Marieke grew through to Marketing Manager. In this role she was responsible for the marketing and PR of the Dutch asset management portfolio, which consisted of office, logistic and industrial properties. In 2011, after a trip outside of the real estate market, Marieke started at the investment management organisation PingProperties as Assistant Director Asset Management. She assisted the Director Asset Management and helped in managing and supporting the Asset Management team. At TREC Marieke is Office Manager / Commercial employee, in which she is responsible for several commercial tasks within the office as well as supportive assistance.
Patty Nagel
E-mail: patty.nagel@trec.nl
Patty Nagel started her career in the real estate market in 2009. She started as receptionist/Office Manager at the investments management organization PingProperties, where she was responsible for organisational and secretarial tasks. From this position she grew through to a full-fledged secretary and together with Marieke Flaes she helped to support the entire Asset Management team. After a (short) transfer to Savills in 2014, Patty joined CBRE as a team assistant in 2015. In this position she mainly focused on supporting the consultants in the two sub-areas Amsterdam Center and Amsterdam Southeast. She supported with the organization of events, making pitches, drafting all documentation and various supporting tasks. Patty has been working at TREC as secretary/Office Manager since June 2018.
TREC contactdetails
Email: info@trec.nl
Email: utrecht@trec.nl
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Posted on January 19, 2021 in Phoenix Suns
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Tag: FAANGs
Why Spotify is the Living Dead
October 8, 2019 October 8, 2019 tukaglobal137 Comments
Below I include a recent article from Barron’s Magazine, presenting the financial challenges to Spotify, the dominant music streaming service. Here’s why I believe it’s dead:
Spotify [is] a “pure play on a loss-leader category.”
Streaming music has been priced as a loss leader, in other words the costs of streaming music exceed what platforms receive from subscribers in revenue. This is not atypical for networking platforms as the platforms hope to monetize the data these networks create through their users. Of course, a network does not really become valuable until it is of dominant size and able to maintain continued user engagement. Facebook is the one we are most familiar with. And Facebook did not become profitable until it had been in operation for 6 years and experienced phenomenal user growth. Also, FB has an ad revenue model (more on this later).
The problem with Spotify is that its major product line loses money, a lot of money. Streaming unlimited music costs a lot more than $10/month per subscriber. But raising the price merely loses subscribers, and customer acquisition costs (CAC) on the margin often increase over time. So, the desperate strategy is to find a way to generate revenue from the data sharing network.
But Spotify faces some serious competition: Apple, Amazon, and Google. All three of these tech titans can afford to lose money on streaming for a long time, much longer than Spotify can stay solvent or keep the support of its investors. Spotify is a dead man walking. Its subscriber base will be auctioned off before it depreciates to zero. Or not.
For example, how does Spotify compete with this?
Facebook may be next
I expect the revenue squeeze will also hit Facebook’s main advertising model. Digital advertising is dominated by Google and Facebook. Google monetizes search routines it gathers every time you invoke its search algorithms. Facebook monetizes social sharing and likes. Each then sell access to this data to third-party advertisers. Now, search is a more robust indicator of interest than likes, so Google’s ad reach and keyword auctions offer greater value than FB “likes.” FB tries to increase its value through social network dynamics, but there is so much noise there that there’s a real question how much that is really worth in terms of advertising conversions.
But both platforms need to look at the big shadow hovering just over their shoulders and bearing down on their ad models. Amazon knows what people buy on its platform, which reveals a far more robust indicator for what people will buy again. Access to Amazon’s data will be worth that much more than FB and even Google. I expect FB has the weakest attention model and thus Amazon and Google will continue to eat into its ad revenues. I’m sure FB is working overtime trying to figure out how to pivot and leverage its massive user base. Libra Coin is a clear indicator of that. FB is hoping to use crypto tokenization to monetize peer-to-peer finance and banking. Unfortunately it faces some serious regulatory opponents in the central banks and the commercial payments industry. But I suppose FB has much cash to burn trying to find its next lily pad.
The real problem with the scramble for data real estate is that there are only so many hours in a day. On top of that, users and consumers are becoming cognizant of the value of their personal data and will be less inclined to give it away for free. This blows up most of the “mobile app” bubbles vying for attention in the digital economy. The future, if one is to believe in technological progress, is a far more decentralized digital universe where users reap much more value from the data they create and share, and successful platforms will need to deliver much more value than a free app for their users.
The question for us all is who will eat whom on the way to this future? (If we believe Elizabeth Warren, she will be eating them all. Politics is always a wild card.)
Spotify Stock Has Had a Miserable 6 Months. Wall Street’s Optimists Are Wrong.
By Avi Salzman
Barron’s October 5, 2019
A miserable few months have made Spotify’s stock as dull as elevator music. Now, some analysts think the stock is beaten down enough that a rally is coming, and Wall Street is ready to groove on the remix.
Spotify Technology (SPOT) has fallen 17% since Barron’s wrote a skeptical cover article on the company (“Spotify Stock Is Risky Because the Music Industry Isn’t Changing Fast Enough,” April 19). Short interest on the stock, which was below 3% for much of the year, is now above 5%.
Yet two formerly bearish analysts have recently shifted to a more neutral stance, on the theory that the bad news is already in the stock’s price.
Spotify is the global leader in streaming music, and it passed 100 million paying users this year. Still, doubts have grown on Wall Street about the company’s ability to sustain subscriber growth.
In August, Spotify started giving new premium users three free months of service, up from one month, which “has supported fears of negative subscriber trends,” writes Credit Suisse analyst Brian Russo, one of the analysts who has become incrementally more positive about the shares. The company has launched other offers, too, including six free months of Spotify for people who buy an Xbox Game Pass.
Investors will have to wait until Oct. 28, when Spotify reports third-quarter earnings, to find out whether the generous offers are cutting into its margins. For now, the stock still seems stretched. Its market cap is $21 billion, more than the $19.1 billion that the music industry took in worldwide in 2018—and most of that money goes to labels and artists.
Spotify, meanwhile, is expected to lose $1.92 a share this year; in April, the loss had been projected to be $1.48. Kevin Rippey, an Evercore ISI analyst, calls Spotify a “pure play on a loss-leader category.”
Spotify is looking at new revenue opportunities. The company has branched out into podcasting, with plans to spend as much as $500 million this year on acquisitions in the space. But there is no obvious payoff from those purchases; the podcast ad market in the U.S. is still below $1 billion. Spotify didn’t respond to requests to hear the company’s case from top executives.
Spotify leads rivals like Amazon.com (AMZN) and Apple (AAPL) among young customers, but it will probably need to find older fans in developed markets to hit Wall Street targets, Russo argues. That could be tough. Amazon’s smart speakers have helped it sell music packages to older customers and will make it difficult for Spotify to expand in that market, Russo says.
And Spotify’s rivals are increasing their offerings. Google-owned YouTube Music is promoting personalized playlists to help users find new music, an area that has been one of Spotify’s biggest strengths. Amazon has released a high-quality music service that costs $12.99 for Prime users—a small premium to Spotify’s $9.99—offering listeners CD-quality sound, or better. Unlike Spotify, those companies don’t depend on music to make money.
Because of the competition, Russo expects Spotify to grow disproportionately in emerging markets, “where disposable income is lower and monetization, both in terms of subscription and advertising, is more challenging.”
Spotify stock may well rise when the company reports third-quarter numbers, given the bearish setup in the market. But for it to become an attractive longer-term investment, it needs a clearer path to profitability.
Posted in UncategorizedTagged FAANGs
August 16, 2018 August 16, 2018 tukaglobal138 Comments
Good, thorough, and l-o-o-o-o-ng article on data privacy issues, legislation, and network value. From the NYT Magazine. Read about what’s being done to you behind closed doors…
The Unlikely Activists Who Took On Silicon Valley — and Won
Some excerpts:
Almost by accident, though, Mactaggart had thrust himself into the greatest resource grab of the 21st century. To Silicon Valley, personal information had become a kind of limitless natural deposit, formed in the digital ether by ordinary people as they browsed, used apps and messaged their friends. Like the oil barons before them, they had collected and refined that resource to build some of the most valuable companies in the world, including Facebook and Google, an emerging duopoly that today controls more than half of the worldwide market in online advertising. But the entire business model — what the philosopher and business theorist Shoshana Zuboff calls “surveillance capitalism” — rests on untrammeled access to your personal data. The tech industry didn’t want to give up its powers of surveillance. It wanted to entrench them. And as Mactaggart would soon learn, Silicon Valley almost always got what it wanted.
Through the Obama years, the tech industry enjoyed extraordinary cachet in Washington, not only among Republicans but also among Democrats. Partnering with Silicon Valley allowed Democrats to position themselves as pro-business and forward-thinking. The tech industry was both an American economic success story and a political ally to Democrats on issues like immigration. Google enjoyed particularly close ties to the Obama administration: Dozens of Google alumni would serve in the White House or elsewhere in the administration, and by one estimate Google representatives visited the White House an average of about once a week.
Mactaggart … faced an American political establishment that saw the key to its future in companies like Google and Facebook — not because of whom they supported but because of what they did. The surveillance capitalists didn’t just sell more deodorant; they had built one of the most powerful tools ever invented for winning elections. Roughly the same suite of technologies helped elect Obama, a pragmatic liberal who promised racial progress and a benevolent globalism, and Trump, a strident nationalist who adeptly employs social media to stoke racial panic and has set out to demolish the American-led world order.
In the end, not a single lawmaker in either chamber voted against the compromise.
Political power is a malleable thing, … an elaborate calculation of artifice and argument, votes and money. People and institutions — in politics, in Silicon Valley — can seem all-powerful right up to the moment they are not. And sometimes, … a thing that can’t possibly happen suddenly becomes a thing that cannot be stopped.
The promise of blockchain is to disrupt this Monopoly game.
Posted in Digital Economy, Digital media, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), Peer Networks, Social Connection, Social Networks, Technology, UncategorizedTagged Data, FAANGs, network effects, network value, personal data, privacy
Madmen and the Godless Algorithm
May 22, 2018 tukaglobal323 Comments
This article from The New Yorker.
Good overview history of the advertising model that has dominated our commercialism for decades. It’s now gone on digital steroids. The disruption of ad technology has interesting implications.
How the Math Men Overthrew the Mad Men
Once, Mad Men ruled advertising. They’ve now been eclipsed by Math Men—the engineers and data scientists whose province is machines, algorithms, pureed data, and artificial intelligence. Yet Math Men are beleaguered, as Mark Zuckerberg demonstrated when he humbled himself before Congress, in April. Math Men’s adoration of data—coupled with their truculence and an arrogant conviction that their “science” is nearly flawless—has aroused government anger, much as Microsoft did two decades ago.
The power of Math Men is awesome. Google and Facebook each has a market value exceeding the combined value of the six largest advertising and marketing holding companies. Together, they claim six out of every ten dollars spent on digital advertising, and nine out of ten new digital ad dollars. They have become more dominant in what is estimated to be an up to two-trillion-dollar annual global advertising and marketing business. Facebook alone generates more ad dollars than all of America’s newspapers, and Google has twice the ad revenues of Facebook.
In the advertising world, Big Data is the Holy Grail, because it enables marketers to target messages to individuals rather than general groups, creating what’s called addressable advertising. And only the digital giants possess state-of-the-art Big Data. “The game is no longer about sending you a mail order catalogue or even about targeting online advertising,” Shoshana Zuboff, a professor of business administration at the Harvard Business School, wrote on faz.net, in 2016. “The game is selling access to the real-time flow of your daily life—your reality—in order to directly influence and modify your behavior for profit.” Success at this “game” flows to those with the “ability to predict the future—specifically the future of behavior,” Zuboff writes. She dubs this “surveillance capitalism.” [I question whether this will really work as anticipated once everybody is hip to the game.]
However, to thrash just Facebook and Google is to miss the larger truth: everyone in advertising strives to eliminate risk by perfecting targeting data.[This is the essence of what we’re doing here – reducing the risk of uncertainty.] Protecting privacy is not foremost among the concerns of marketers; protecting and expanding their business is. The business model adopted by ad agencies and their clients parallels Facebook and Google’s. Each aims to massage data to better identify potential customers. Each aims to influence consumer behavior. To appreciate how alike their aims are, sit in an agency or client marketing meeting and you will hear wails about Facebook and Google’s “walled garden,” their unwillingness to share data on their users. When Facebook or Google counter that they must protect “the privacy” of their users, advertisers cry foul: You’re using the data to target ads we paid for—why won’t you share it, so that we can use it in other ad campaigns? [But who really owns your data? Even if you choose to give it away?]
This preoccupation with Big Data is also revealed by the trend in the advertising-agency business to have the media agency, not the creative Mad Men team, occupy the prime seat in pitches to clients, because it’s the media agency that harvests the data to help advertising clients better aim at potential consumers. Agencies compete to proclaim their own Big Data horde. W.P.P.’s GroupM, the largest media agency, has quietly assembled what it calls its “secret sauce,” a collection of forty thousand personally identifiable attributes it plans to retain on two hundred million adult Americans. Unlike Facebook or Google, GroupM can’t track most of what we do online. To parade their sensitivity to privacy, agencies reassuringly boast that they don’t know the names of people in their data bank. But they do have your I.P. address, which yields abundant information, including where you live. For marketers, the advantage of being able to track online behavior, the former senior GroupM executive Brian Lesser said—a bit hyperbolically, one hopes—is that “we know what you want even before you know you want it.”[That sounds like adman hubris rather than reality.]
Worried that Brian Lesser’s dream will become a nightmare, ProPublica has ferociously chewed on the Big Data privacy menace like a dog with a bone: in its series “Breaking the Black Box,” it wrote, “Facebook has a particularly comprehensive set of dossiers on its more than two billion members. Every time a Facebook member likes a post, tags a photo, updates their favorite movies in their profile, posts a comment about a politician, or changes their relationship status, Facebook logs it . . . When they use Instagram or WhatsApp on their phone, which are both owned by Facebook, they contribute more data to Facebook’s dossier.” Facebook offers advertisers more than thirteen hundred categories for ad targeting, according to ProPublica.
Google, for its part, has merged all the data it collects from its search, YouTube, and other services, and has introduced an About Me page, which includes your date of birth, phone number, where you work, mailing address, education, where you’ve travelled, your nickname, photo, and e-mail address. Amazon knows even more about you. Since it is the world’s largest store and sees what you’ve actually purchased, its data are unrivalled. Amazon reaches beyond what interests you (revealed by a Google search) or what your friends are saying (on Facebook) to what you actually purchase. With Amazon’s Alexa, it has an agent in your home that not only knows what you bought but when you wake up, what you watch, read, listen to, ask for, and eat. And Amazon is aggressively building up its meager ad sales, which gives it an incentive to exploit its data.
Data excite advertisers. Prowling his London office in jeans, Keith Weed, who oversees marketing and communications for Unilever, one of the world’s largest advertisers, described how mobile phones have elevated data as a marketing tool. “When I started in marketing, we were using secondhand data which was three months old,” he said. “Now with the good old mobile, I have individualized data on people. You don’t need to know their names . . . You know their telephone number. You know where they live, because it’s the same location as their PC.” Weed knows what times of the day you usually browse, watch videos, answer e-mail, travel to the office—and what travel routes you take. “From your mobile, I know whether you stay in four-star or two-star hotels, whether you go to train stations or airports. I use these insights along with what you’re browsing on your PC. I know whether you’re interested in horses or holidays in the Caribbean.” By using programmatic computers to buy ads targeting these individuals, he says, Unilever can “create a hundred thousand permutations of the same ad,” as they recently did with a thirty-second TV ad for Axe toiletries aimed at young men in Brazil. The more Keith Weed knows about a consumer, the better he can aim to target a sale.
Engineers and data scientists vacuum data. They see data as virtuous, yielding clues to the mysteries of human behavior, suggesting efficiencies (including eliminating costly middlemen, like agency Mad Men), offering answers that they believe will better serve consumers, because the marketing message is individualized. The more cool things offered, the more clicks, the more page views, the more user engagement. Data yield facts and advance a quest to be more scientific—free of guesses. As Eric Schmidt, then the executive chairman of Google’s parent company, Alphabet, said at the company’s 2017 shareholder meeting, “We start from the principles of science at Google and Alphabet.”
They believe there is nobility in their quest. By offering individualized marketing messages, they are trading something of value in exchange for a consumer’s attention. They also start from the principle, as the TV networks did, that advertising allows their product to be “free.” But, of course, as their audience swells, so does their data. Sandy Parakilas, who was Facebook’s operations manager on its platform team from 2011 to 2012, put it this way in a scathing Op-Ed for the Times, last November: “The more data it has on offer, the more value it creates for advertisers. That means it has no incentive to police the collection or use of that data—except when negative press or regulators are involved.” For the engineers, the privacy issue—like “fake news” and even fraud—was relegated to the nosebleed bleachers. [This fact should be obvious to all of us.]
With a chorus of marketers and citizens and governments now roaring their concern, the limitations of Math Men loom large. Suddenly, governments in the U.S. are almost as alive to privacy dangers as those in Western Europe, confronting Facebook by asking how the political-data company Cambridge Analytica, employed by Donald Trump’s Presidential campaign, was able to snatch personal data from eighty-seven million individual Facebook profiles. Was Facebook blind—or deliberately mute? Why, they are really asking, should we believe in the infallibility of your machines and your willingness to protect our privacy?
Ad agencies and advertisers have long been uneasy not just with the “walled gardens” of Facebook and Google but with their unwillingness to allow an independent company to monitor their results, as Nielsen does for TV and comScore does online. This mistrust escalated in 2016, when it emerged that Facebook and Google charged advertisers for ads that tricked other machines to believe an ad message was seen by humans when it was not. Advertiser confidence in Facebook was further jolted later in 2016, when it was revealed that the Math Men at Facebook overestimated the average time viewers spent watching video by up to eighty per cent. And in 2017, Math Men took another beating when news broke that Google’s YouTube and Facebook’s machines were inserting friendly ads on unfriendly platforms, including racist sites and porn sites. These were ads targeted by keywords, like “Confederacy” or “race”; placing an ad on a history site might locate it on a Nazi-history site.
The credibility of these digital giants was further subverted when Russian trolls proved how easy it was to disseminate “fake news” on social networks. When told that Facebook’s mechanized defenses had failed to screen out disinformation planted on the social network to sabotage Hillary Clinton’s Presidential campaign, Mark Zuckerberg publicly dismissed the assertion as “pretty crazy,” a position he later conceded was wrong.
By the spring of 2018, Facebook had lost control of its narrative. Their original declared mission—to “connect people” and “build a global community”—had been replaced by an implicit new narrative: we connect advertisers to people.[Indeed, connecting people on a global basis for human interaction really doesn’t make a lot of sense. A global gossip network? Unless, of course, you’re trying to monetize it.] It took Facebook and Google about five years before they figured out how to generate revenue, and today roughly ninety-five percent of Facebook’s dollars and almost ninety percent of Google’s comes from advertising. They enjoy abundant riches because they tantalize advertisers with the promise that they can corral potential customers. This is how Facebook lured developers and app makers by offering them a permissive Graph A.P.I., granting them access to the daily habits and the interchange with friends of its users. This Graph A.P.I. is how Cambridge Analytica got its paws on the data of eighty-seven million Americans.
The humiliating furor this news provoked has not subverted the faith among Math Men that their “science” will prevail. They believe advertising will be further transformed by new scientific advances like artificial intelligence that will allow machines to customize ads, marginalizing human creativity. With algorithms creating profiles of individuals, Airbnb’s then chief marketing officer, Jonathan Mildenhall, told me, “brands can engineer without the need for human creativity.” Machines will craft ads, just as machines will drive cars. But the ad community is increasingly mistrustful of the machines, and of Facebook and Google.[As they should be – the value has been over-hyped.] During a presentation at Advertising Week in New York this past September, Keith Weed offered a report to Facebook and Google. He gave them a mere “C” for policing ad fraud, and a harsher “F” for cross-platform transparency, insisting, “We’ve got to see over the walled gardens.”
That mistrust has gone viral. A powerful case for more government regulation of the digital giants was made by The Economist, a classically conservative publication that also endorsed the government’s antitrust prosecution of Microsoft, in 1999. The magazine editorialized, in May, 2017, that governments must better police the five digital giants—Facebook, Google, Amazon, Apple, and Microsoft—because data were “the oil of the digital era”: “Old ways of thinking about competition, devised in the era of oil, look outdated in what has come to be called the ‘data economy.’ ” Inevitably, an abundance of data alters the nature of competition, allowing companies to benefit from network effects, with users multiplying and companies amassing wealth to swallow potential competitors.
The politics of Silicon Valley is left of center, but its disdain for government regulation has been right of center. This is changing. A Who’s Who of Silicon notables—Tim Berners-Lee, Tim Cook, Ev Williams, Sean Parker, and Tony Fadell, among others—have harshly criticized the social harm imposed by the digital giants. Marc Benioff, the C.E.O. of Salesforce.com—echoing similar sentiments expressed by Berners-Lee—has said, “The government is going to have to be involved. You do it exactly the same way you regulated the cigarette industry.”
Cries for regulating the digital giants are almost as loud today as they were to break up Microsoft in the late nineties. Congress insisted that Facebook’s Zuckerberg, not his minions, testify. The Federal Trade Commission is investigating Facebook’s manipulation of user data. Thirty-seven state attorneys general have joined a demand to learn how Facebook safeguards privacy. The European Union has imposed huge fines on Google and wants to inspect Google’s crown jewels—its search algorithms—claiming that Google’s search results are skewed to favor their own sites. The E.U.’s twenty-eight countries this May imposed a General Data Protection Regulation to protect the privacy of users, requiring that citizens must choose to opt in before companies can horde their data.
Here’s where advertisers and the digital giants lock arms: they speak with one voice in opposing opt-in legislation, which would deny access to data without the permission of users. If consumers wish to deny advertisers access to their cookies—their data—they agree: the consumer must voluntarily opt out, meaning they must endure a cumbersome and confusing series of online steps. Amid the furor about Facebook and Google, remember these twinned and rarely acknowledged truisms: more data probably equals less privacy, while more privacy equals less advertising revenue. Thus, those who rely on advertising have business reasons to remain tone-deaf to privacy concerns.
Those reliant on advertising know: the disruption that earlier slammed the music, newspaper, magazine, taxi, and retail industries now upends advertising. Agencies are being challenged by a host of competitive frenemies: by consulting and public-relations companies that have jumped into their business; by platform customers like Google and Facebook but also the Times, NBC, and Buzzfeed, that now double as ad agencies and talk directly to their clients; by clients that increasingly perform advertising functions in-house.
But the foremost frenemy is the public, which poses an existential threat not just to agencies but to Facebook and the ad revenues on which most media rely. Citizens protest annoying, interruptive advertising, particularly on their mobile phones—a device as personal as a purse or wallet. An estimated twenty per cent of Americans, and one-third of Western Europeans, employ ad-blocker software. More than half of those who record programs on their DVRs choose to skip the ads. Netflix and Amazon, among others, have accustomed viewers to watch what they want when they want, without commercial interruption.
Understandably, those dependent on ad dollars quake. The advertising and marketing world scrambles for new ways to reach consumers. Big Data, they believe, promises ways they might better communicate with annoyed consumers—maybe unlock ways that ads can be embraced as a useful individual service rather than as an interruption. If Big Data’s use is circumscribed to protect privacy, the advertising business will suffer. In this core conviction, at least, Mad Men and Math Men are alike.
This piece is partially adapted from Auletta’s forthcoming book, “Frenemies: The Epic Disruption of the Ad Business (and Everything Else).”
I would guess that the ad business will be disrupted further as we find new ways to connect consumers with what they want. This will reduce the power of the Math Men at centralized network servers.
I also suspect search will become a regulated public utility. A free society cannot tolerate one or two private corporations controlling all the information data that flows through its networks.
Posted in Creativity, Digital Economy, Digital media, Social Connection, Social Networks, TechnologyTagged Amazon, Big Data, centralized networks, Data, Digital economy, distributed networks, DMCA, FAANG, FAANGs, Facebook, Google, Googlopoly, Intellectual Property, Internet, killer apps, monopolies, network effects, network servers, networks, politics
From Disruption to Dystopia
February 21, 2018 tukaglobal138 Comments
Very interesting article by Joel Kotkin, who researches the economics and politics of cities. It portrays a future that resembles feudalism more than free market democratic capitalism. I’d optimistically venture there will eventually be a more humanist backlash against the future dominance of technology.
From Disruption to Dystopia: Silicon Valley Envisions the City of the Future
The unaffordable Bay Area, Google’s new neighborhood ‘built from the internet up,’ and China’s police state each offer glimpses of what the tech giants plan to sell the rest of us.
by Joel Kotkin
The tech oligarchs who already dominate our culture and commerce, manipulate our moods, and shape the behaviors of our children while accumulating capital at a rate unprecedented in at least a century want to fashion our urban future in a way that dramatically extends the reach of the surveillance state already evident in airports and on our phones.
The drive to redesign our cities, however, is not really the end of the agenda of those who Aldous Huxley described as the top of the “scientific caste system.” The oligarchy has also worked to make our homes, our personal space, “connected” to their monitoring and money machines. This may be a multibillion-dollar market soon, but many who have employed such devices at home—appliances that track our activities and speak to us like loyal servants—find them “creepy,” as they should, given that their daily activities are fed back to enrich the high-tech hive mind. Both the city and house the future may owe more to Brave New World than Better Homes and Gardens.
This is a vision of the urban future in which the tech companies’ own workers and whatever other people with skills the machines haven’t yet replaced are a new class of urban serfs living in small apartments, along with a much larger class of dependent persons living on “income maintenance” and housing or housing subsidies provided by the state. “Bees exist on Earth to pollinate flowers, and maybe humans are here to build the machines,” observes professor Andrew Hudson-Smith, from University College London’s Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis. “The city will be one big joined-up urban machine, and humans’ role on Earth will be done.”
Posted in Digital Economy, Health and Happiness, TechnologyTagged economics, FAANGs, GAFA, networks, oligopolies, politics, technology
The Death of Culture?
December 22, 2017 December 22, 2017 tukaglobal339 Comments
Designing a Sustainable Creative Ecosystem
Too Much information = The Death of Culture?
The major creative industries of music, photography, print, and video have all been disrupted by digital technology. We know this. As Chris Anderson has argued in his book Free, the cost of digital content has been driven towards zero. How could this be a bad thing? Well, TMI (Too Much Information — in this case, Too Much Content) is the curse of the Digital Age. It means creators make no money and audiences can’t find quality content amidst all the noise.
The end result will be a staleness of content and stagnant creative markets, i.e., the slow death of culture. So, how did this happen and what do we do about it?
View the rest of the story on Medium.
Posted in Creativity, Digital Economy, Peer Networks, Social Connection, Social Networks, TechnologyTagged blockchain, Copyright, Digital economy, disruption, distributed networks, DIY artists, FAANGs, GAFA, Music, publishing, siren servers, social media, social networks
Streaming Content and Trickling $$$
October 28, 2017 October 26, 2017 tukaglobal292 Comments
Nicki Jaine of Revue Noir
My Song Got 1.254 Million Views on YouTube. I Got Paid $42.56 [Link]
How much does YouTube really pay? A top executive at the company claims a $3 CPM. But most of the royalty payments shared with Digital Music News are a tiny fraction of that.
We want to believe YouTube executive Lyor Cohen when he says YouTube pays a $3 CPM to artists. The only problem is that there’s zero evidence to support his claims.
And lots of evidence that artists are earning an infinitesimal fraction of that amount.
The latest proof comes from Nicki Jaine, one half of the duo Revue Noir. That group is signed to Projekt, who shared the royalty breakdown with Digital Music News.
(Quick aside: in online advertising land, ‘CPM’ stands for ‘cost per thousand’. It’s a calculation of how much gets paid for every 1,000 views. So, a ‘$3 CPM’ means you get paid $3 every 1,000 plays. That is, assuming those 1,000 plays had ads on them, which is another story entirely.)
Here’s a quick snapshot of those royalty payments from various streaming services. Keep in mind that these copyrights are 100% controlled, meaning that all publishing and all recording royalties are reflected in this breakdown.
As you can see, a lion’s share of Revue Noir’s payments are coming from free, ad-supported YouTube plays.
Despite 1,254,626 streams on the free platform, Revue Noir only earned $42.56.
Other streaming platforms are clearly paying better, but this group’s largest audience is on YouTube. Strangely, YouTube Red’s payments are far higher, but barely anyone is paying for Red. (The premium service was initially called ‘Music Key,’ and apparently not updated in this royalty statement).
Other platforms like Rhapsody, Tidal, and Spotify pay far better. But the group hasn’t been able to secure favorable playlist inclusion or amass a serious audience on those platforms. At least not yet. So it basically sucks to be them right now.
As a result, the group earned about $130 in total from nearly 1.3 million streaming plays.
In terms of the YouTube CPM calculation, that boils down to a 3.34 cent CPM. Which is about 1/88th the $3 CPM claimed by executives like Lyor Cohen.
Projekt CEO Sam Rosenthal is obviously disappointed with this result. “Spotify has 1.3% of the plays of YouTube, and yet it generates 40% more money,” Rosenthal told DMN.
“Well — that’s shitty!”
Rosenthal was also careful to clarify that this is a 100% copyright-owned composition. Meaning, all the revenues are reflected in this statement.
“And because somebody will say, ‘Oh, that’s because the label is screwing the artist out of their fair share’:
(1) I am the label
(2) The numbers above are the raw data from my digital distributor, before anyone takes their cut!”
The sad payout is even worse than a detailed breakdown we received in August. That YouTube statement showed an artist making 1/50th the rate claimed by YouTube and Cohen.
All of which is seriously eroding the credibility of executives like Cohen, and YouTube more broadly.
Unsurprisingly, the music industry is strategizing ways to minimize YouTube’s power over artists.
Just recently, Republic Records-signed rapper Post Malone decided to withhold his latest single from the video platform. Instead, Malone uploaded a looping chorus of his track ‘rockstar,’ while directing fans to check out the full song on other platforms.
Malone’s little idea worked. So far, the song has more than 50 million plays on YouTube — and more than 150 million on Spotify. Other platforms like Apple Music were also prominently featured as redirect options, leading to millions in diverted royalties.
Post Malone is easily one of the biggest rappers in the world right now. That makes this a noteworthy experiment, and one that could start a trend among other artists eager to divert fans to better-paying platforms.
Separately, a number of companies are also assisting artists to realize revenues elsewhere. That includes upstarts like Flattr, Songtradr, and Patreon, all of whom are focusing on dramatically improving artist incomes.
[Blogger’s Note: The exact same thing is happening with Kindle authors on Amazon who enroll their ebooks in the Kindle Online Lending Library. Subscriptions accumulate to Amazon, royalties trickle to authors.]
Posted in Creative Industry News, Digital Economy, TechnologyTagged centralized networks, decentralized networks, FAANGs, Streaming
Reining in Technology
October 12, 2017 tukaglobal379 Comments
From Simon Jenkins in The Guardian:
I assume that nations will one day revolt against the commercial banditry of the internet companies. Governments will find the guts to expel, jam or fine them when they misbehave. I assume that the curse of online anonymity will end, and users of the internet will have to register their identities. Search engines still pretend to be “platforms not publishers” – or, as others put it, sewers not sewage.
But just as the idea of Uber and Airbnb not being “real” service providers is crumbling, so is the idea of Google and Facebook as not “real” publishers, and thus not responsible for any damage done by their content. We await the first class action suit for a Facebook-induced suicide.
The worms are turning. Schools in Silicon Valley have taken to banning digital devices from their premises. Hi-tech parents know what harm too much screen time can do to their children. In addition, David Sax’s Revenge of Analog declares that the revolt of “real” is at hand. As we pass “peak stuff”, the post-digital economy will be about “play”, not objects.
Spending patterns are shifting to a craving for human congregation, contact and adventure. We don’t want to acquire things, we want experiences. One day, I assume, children and adults alike will cast aside their mobile phones, open their eyes and view reality afresh.
This is the trend tuka anticipates and hopes to serve. Technology is a tool to serve human needs, not the other way around. Create-Share-Connect!
Posted in Creativity, Digital Economy, Social Connection, Social Networks, TechnologyTagged centralized networks, distributed networks, FAANGs, Internet, network servers, social media, social networks
Vampire Squids?
September 12, 2017 September 11, 2017 tukaglobal132 Comments
I would say this essay by Franklin Foer is a bit alarmist, though his book is worth reading and taking to heart. We are gradually becoming aware of the value of our personal data and I expect consumers will soon figure out how to demand a fair share of that value, else they will withdraw.
Technology is most often disrupted by newer technology that better serves the needs of users. For Web 2.0 business models, our free data is their lifeblood and soon we may be able to cut them off. Many hope that’s where Web 3.0 is going.
tuka is a technology model that seeks to do exactly that for creative content providers, their audiences, and promoter/fans.
How Silicon Valley is erasing your individuality
By Franklin Foer
Washington Post, September 8, 2017
Franklin Foer is author of “World Without Mind: The Existential Threat of Big Tech,” from which this essay is adapted.
Until recently, it was easy to define our most widely known corporations. Any third-grader could describe their essence. Exxon sells gas; McDonald’s makes hamburgers; Walmart is a place to buy stuff. This is no longer so. Today’s ascendant monopolies aspire to encompass all of existence. Google derives from googol, a number (1 followed by 100 zeros) that mathematicians use as shorthand for unimaginably large quantities. Larry Page and Sergey Brin founded Google with the mission of organizing all knowledge, but that proved too narrow. They now aim to build driverless cars, manufacture phones and conquer death. Amazon, which once called itself “the everything store,” now produces television shows, owns Whole Foods and powers the cloud. The architect of this firm, Jeff Bezos, even owns this newspaper.
Along with Facebook, Microsoft and Apple, these companies are in a race to become our “personal assistant.” They want to wake us in the morning, have their artificial intelligence software guide us through our days and never quite leave our sides. They aspire to become the repository for precious and private items, our calendars and contacts, our photos and documents. They intend for us to turn unthinkingly to them for information and entertainment while they catalogue our intentions and aversions. Google Glass and the Apple Watch prefigure the day when these companies implant their artificial intelligence in our bodies. Brin has mused, “Perhaps in the future, we can attach a little version of Google that you just plug into your brain.”
More than any previous coterie of corporations, the tech monopolies aspire to mold humanity into their desired image of it. They think they have the opportunity to complete the long merger between man and machine — to redirect the trajectory of human evolution. How do I know this? In annual addresses and town hall meetings, the founding fathers of these companies often make big, bold pronouncements about human nature — a view that they intend for the rest of us to adhere to. Page thinks the human body amounts to a basic piece of code: “Your program algorithms aren’t that complicated,” he says. And if humans function like computers, why not hasten the day we become fully cyborg?
To take another grand theory, Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg has exclaimed his desire to liberate humanity from phoniness, to end the dishonesty of secrets. “The days of you having a different image for your work friends or co-workers and for the other people you know are probably coming to an end pretty quickly,” he has said. “Having two identities for yourself is an example of a lack of integrity.” Of course, that’s both an expression of idealism and an elaborate justification for Facebook’s business model.
There’s an oft-used shorthand for the technologist’s view of the world. It is assumed that libertarianism dominates Silicon Valley, and that isn’t wholly wrong. High-profile devotees of Ayn Rand can be found there. But if you listen hard to the titans of tech, it’s clear that their worldview is something much closer to the opposite of a libertarian’s veneration of the heroic, solitary individual. The big tech companies think we’re fundamentally social beings, born to collective existence. They invest their faith in the network, the wisdom of crowds, collaboration. They harbor a deep desire for the atomistic world to be made whole. (“Facebook stands for bringing us closer together and building a global community,” Zuckerberg wrote in one of his many manifestos.) By stitching the world together, they can cure its ills.
Rhetorically, the tech companies gesture toward individuality — to the empowerment of the “user” — but their worldview rolls over it. Even the ubiquitous invocation of users is telling: a passive, bureaucratic description of us. The big tech companies (the Europeans have lumped them together as GAFA: Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon) are shredding the principles that protect individuality. Their devices and sites have collapsed privacy; they disrespect the value of authorship, with their hostility toward intellectual property. In the realm of economics, they justify monopoly by suggesting that competition merely distracts from the important problems like erasing language barriers and building artificial brains. Companies should “transcend the daily brute struggle for survival,” as Facebook investor Peter Thiel has put it.
When it comes to the most central tenet of individualism — free will — the tech companies have a different way. They hope to automate the choices, both large and small, we make as we float through the day. It’s their algorithms that suggest the news we read, the goods we buy, the paths we travel, the friends we invite into our circles. [Blogger Note: As computers can’t write music like humans, algorithms cannot really define tastes. Our sensibilities are excited by serendipity, innovation, and surprise.]
It’s hard not to marvel at these companies and their inventions, which often make life infinitely easier. But we’ve spent too long marveling. The time has arrived to consider the consequences of these monopolies, to reassert our role in determining the human path. Once we cross certain thresholds — once we remake institutions such as media and publishing, once we abandon privacy — there’s no turning back, no restoring our lost individuality.
Over the generations, we’ve been through revolutions like this before. Many years ago, we delighted in the wonders of TV dinners and the other newfangled foods that suddenly filled our kitchens: slices of cheese encased in plastic, oozing pizzas that emerged from a crust of ice, bags of crunchy tater tots. In the history of man, these seemed like breakthrough innovations. Time-consuming tasks — shopping for ingredients, tediously preparing a recipe and tackling a trail of pots and pans — were suddenly and miraculously consigned to history.
The revolution in cuisine wasn’t just enthralling. It was transformational. New products embedded themselves deeply in everyday life, so much so that it took decades for us to understand the price we paid for their convenience, efficiency and abundance. Processed foods were feats of engineering, all right — but they were engineered to make us fat. Their delectable taste required massive quantities of sodium and sizable stockpiles of sugar, which happened to reset our palates and made it harder to satehunger. It took vast quantities of meat and corn to fabricate these dishes, and a spike in demand remade American agriculture at a terrible environmental cost. A whole new system of industrial farming emerged, with penny-conscious conglomerates cramming chickens into feces-covered pens and stuffing them full of antibiotics. By the time we came to understand the consequences of our revised patterns of consumption, the damage had been done to our waistlines, longevity, souls and planet.
Something like the midcentury food revolution is now reordering the production and consumption of knowledge. Our intellectual habits are being scrambled by the dominant firms. Giant tech companies have become the most powerful gatekeepers the world has ever known. Google helps us sort the Internet, by providing a sense of hierarchy to information; Facebook uses its algorithms and its intricate understanding of our social circles to filter the news we encounter; Amazon bestrides book publishing with its overwhelming hold on that market.
Such dominance endows these companies with the ability to remake the markets they control. As with the food giants, the big tech companies have given rise to a new science that aims to construct products that pander to their consumers. Unlike the market research and television ratings of the past, the tech companies have a bottomless collection of data, acquired as they track our travels across the Web, storing every shard about our habits in the hope that they may prove useful. They have compiled an intimate portrait of the psyche of each user — a portrait that they hope to exploit to seduce us into a compulsive spree of binge clicking and watching. And it works: On average, each Facebook user spends one-sixteenth of their day on the site.
In the realm of knowledge, monopoly and conformism are inseparable perils. The danger is that these firms will inadvertently use their dominance to squash diversity of opinion and taste. Concentration is followed by homogenization. As news media outlets have come to depend heavily on Facebook and Google for traffic — and therefore revenue — they have rushed to produce articles that will flourish on those platforms. This leads to a duplication of the news like never before, with scores of sites across the Internet piling onto the same daily outrage. It’s why a picture of a mysteriously colored dress generated endless articles, why seemingly every site recaps “Game of Thrones.” Each contribution to the genre adds little, except clicks. Old media had a pack mentality, too, but the Internet promised something much different. And the prevalence of so much data makes the temptation to pander even greater.
This is true of politics. Our era is defined by polarization, warring ideological gangs that yield no ground. Division, however, isn’t the root cause of our unworkable system. There are many causes, but a primary problem is conformism. Facebook has nurtured two hive minds, each residing in an informational ecosystem that yields head-nodding agreement and penalizes dissenting views. This is the phenomenon that the entrepreneur and author Eli Pariser famously termed the “Filter Bubble” — how Facebook mines our data to keep giving us the news and information we crave, creating a feedback loop that pushes us deeper and deeper into our own amen corners.
As the 2016 presidential election so graphically illustrated, a hive mind is an intellectually incapacitated one, with diminishing ability to tell fact from fiction, with an unshakable bias toward party line. The Russians understood this, which is why they invested so successfully in spreading dubious agitprop via Facebook. And it’s why a raft of companies sprouted — Occupy Democrats, the Angry Patriot, Being Liberal — to get rich off the Filter Bubble and to exploit our susceptibility to the lowest-quality news, if you can call it that.
Facebook represents a dangerous deviation in media history. Once upon a time, elites proudly viewed themselves as gatekeepers. They could be sycophantic to power and snobbish, but they also felt duty-bound to elevate the standards of society and readers. Executives of Silicon Valley regard gatekeeping as the stodgy enemy of innovation — they see themselves as more neutral, scientific and responsive to the market than the elites they replaced — a perspective that obscures their own power and responsibilities. So instead of shaping public opinion, they exploit the public’s worst tendencies, its tribalism and paranoia.
During this century, we largely have treated Silicon Valley as a force beyond our control. A broad consensus held that lead-footed government could never keep pace with the dynamism of technology. By the time government acted against a tech monopoly, a kid in a garage would have already concocted some innovation to upend the market. Or, as Google’s Eric Schmidt, put it, “Competition is one click away.” A nostrum that suggested that the very structure of the Internet defied our historic concern for monopoly.
As individuals, we have similarly accepted the omnipresence of the big tech companies as a fait accompli. We’ve enjoyed their free products and next-day delivery with only a nagging sense that we may be surrendering something important. Such blitheness can no longer be sustained. Privacy won’t survive the present trajectory of technology — and with the sense of being perpetually watched, humans will behave more cautiously, less subversively. Our ideas about the competitive marketplace are at risk. With a decreasing prospect of toppling the giants, entrepreneurs won’t bother to risk starting new firms, a primary source of jobs and innovation. And the proliferation of falsehoods and conspiracies through social media, the dissipation of our common basis for fact, is creating conditions ripe for authoritarianism. Over time, the long merger of man and machine has worked out pretty well for man. But we’re drifting into a new era, when that merger threatens the individual. We’re drifting toward monopoly, conformism, their machines. Perhaps it’s time we steer our course.
Posted in Creative Industry News, Creativity, Digital Economy, Social Networks, TechnologyTagged Amazon, Apple, centralized networks, Data, Digital economy, distributed networks, FAANG, FAANGs, Facebook, GAFA, Information, Intellectual Property, killer apps, monopolies, Netflix, network effects, networks, siren servers
Digital Monopoly
Digital platforms force a rethink in competition theory
Economists need to provide regulators with tools to deal with market concentration
by: Diane Coyle, FT.com
Anxiety about the health of competition in the US economy — and elsewhere — is growing. The concern may be well founded but taking forceful action will require economists to provide some practical ways of proving and measuring the harm caused by increasing market power in the digital economy.
The forces driving concentration do not affect the US alone. In all digital markets, the cost structure of high upfront costs and low additional or marginal costs means there are large economies of scale. The broad impact of digital technology has been to increase the scope of the markets many businesses can hope to reach.
How will investment in physical networks or content get funded if an incumbent using the network and content captures all the profit downstream?
In pre-digital days, the question an economist would ask is whether the efficiencies gained by big or merging companies would be passed on to consumers in the form of lower prices. Another key question was whether it would still be possible for new entrants to break into the market.
Digital platforms make these questions harder to answer.
Read more… (Paywall – see comment below)
Posted in Digital Economy, Social Networks, TechnologyTagged Amazon, Apple, competition, economies of scale, FAANGs, Facebook, Googlopoly, Instagram, LinkedIn, network effects, robber barons
August 15, 2017 tukaglobal288 Comments
Here are four NYT opinion articles written by or about Jaron Lanier, who has been on the forefront of digital culture for at least the past 25 years. He presents much of the challenges and failures of technology when it butts up against humanism. The last two are reviews of his book, Who Owns the Future? Definitely worth a read.
Fixing the Digital Economy
Digital Passivity
Will Digital Networks Ruin Us?
Fighting Words Against Big Data
Posted in Creativity, Digital Economy, Social Connection, Social Networks, Technology, UncategorizedTagged centralized networks, distributed networks, FAANGs, siren servers
The Future is coming fast with Innovation, Social connections, and Blockchain. tuka is at the nexus of this revolution. Join us. Keep up with breaking news by subscribing to the Blog.
Antitrust and Vampire Squids
Break Up Big Tech
The Changing Nature of the Business
A Silver Lining.
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Home Science Electric Blue Auroras Appear after a New Geomagnetic Storm
Electric Blue Auroras Appear after a New Geomagnetic Storm
Janet R. Aguilar
An unexpected solar geomagnetic storm hit Earth on April 20. As a result, the skies in the Northern Hemisphere lit up with a stunning light show of uniquely-colored auroras.
An interplanetary shock wave hit Earth’s magnetic field on April 19th around 23:50 UT. When the disturbance arrived, the density of solar wind flowing around our planet abruptly quadrupled and a crack opened in Earth’s magnetic field. The resulting G2-class geomagnetic storm sparked unusual “electric blue” auroras.
“I’ve been flying airplanes for 20 years and photographing aurora for 10 years, but I’ve never seen anything like this before,” reports pilot Matt Melnyk who photographed the display from 39,000 feet:
“Electric blue auroras!” he says.
“This was while on a red eye flight from Edmonton to Toronto around 4 am over northern Manitoba. Unbelievable sky. I was able to grab some hasty shots with a cell phone.”
Auroras are usually green-a sign of oxygen. Rare blue auroras are caused by nitrogen molecules. Energetic particles striking N2+ at the upper limits of Earth’s atmosphere can produce an azure glow during intense geomagnetic storms.
During the storm, Northern Lights spilled across the Canadian border into more than half-a-dozen northern-tier US states. “The auroras were so bright, they could be seen inside the city of Kalispell, Montana,” reports Philip Granrud.
“We could see auroras for most of the night [even through the glare of our urban lights],” he says.
Auroras were also sighted in the southern hemisphere with an outburst of exceptional beauty over Tasmania.
What is an interplanetary shock wave? It is a supersonic disturbance in the gaseous material of the solar wind. These waves are usually delivered by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Indeed, this one might have been a minor CME that left the sun unrecognized earlier this week.
Alternately, it might have been an unusually sharp co-rotating interaction region (CIR). CIRs are transition zones between slow- and fast-moving streams of solar wind. They contain plasma density gradients and magnetic fields that often do a good job sparking auroras.
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Biology: New research compiles four years of corn loss data from 26 states and Ontario, Canada
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MENA pay-TV service partners with KIT digital on OTT deployment
By TVTechnology 14 December 2011
OSN, one of the largest pay-TV platforms in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region, has selected KIT digital as its global technology provider.
KIT digital will work with OSN to design, develop and deploy a new OTT video platform that will deliver OSN’s content to millions of users across 24 countries, as a complement to OSN’s traditional satellite TV service.
KIT digital will work with OSN to deploy a digital multiscreen platform that will support subscription, transactional and advertising-funded business models for VOD and live streaming. The platform will deliver a wide variety of OSN content to its customers over a range of connected devices. OSN will be leveraging the KIT Connected Device Framework to deliver apps featuring both VOD streaming and live TV channels.
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Wynns’ Sue Hodder and Sarah Pidgeon named ‘Winemakers of the Year’
Sue Hodder and Sarah Pidgeon from Wynns Coonawarra Estate, have been jointly named the ‘Winemaker of the Year’ at the 2016 Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology (ASVO) Awards for Excellence.
The ASVO Awards for Excellence, launched in 2012 and now in its 5th consecutive year, are highly respected awards in the wine community. The Awards were developed to recognise excellence and innovation in Australian wine. This year Awards finalists have been selected by panels of viticulture and winemaking experts chaired by ASVO Fellow Peter Hayes AM and 2013 ASVO Winemaker of the Year, Louisa Rose.
Hodder and Pidgeon were jointly recognised for their contribution toward developing Cabernet Sauvignon for the future; a 17 year partnership which has included an evolution of ideas about growing and making Cabernet Sauvignon.
Dr Mardi Longbottom, ASVO President said: “Sue and Sarah have demonstrated enormous commitment to the pursuit of winemaking excellence from the vineyard, through the winery, in their wines and, the extension of this, through their engagement with the broader wine community.”
Wynns Senior Winemaker, Sue Hodder, is humbled by the award win.
“Receiving this ASVO award is a true honour. We worked hard on our submission and are proud that our effort is recognised by one of the peak bodies of the Australian wine community. It highlights a 17 year collaboration between Sarah and I, which has always had the ultimate goal of developing Cabernet Sauvignon for the future as its focus. We love Cabernet and Wynns, and our work ensures we don’t rest on the laurels of past glory from Wynns’ amazing heritage. We are all about ensuring Wynns Cabernet Sauvignon remains firmly on the international stage as a world player and benchmark for this most loved and scrutinised wine variety for years to come” she said.
Wynns Winemaker Sarah Pidgeon has worked alongside Sue for 17 years in what is often described as one of Australia’s greatest winemaking partnerships.
“Wynns winemaking is a unique opportunity to work with fruit from vineyards that are amongst the best Cabernet Sauvignon sites in the world. The unquestionable quality and heritage is just a starting point at Wynns - the willingness as a team to challenge and stretch the Coonawarra styles to the diverse offerings in the Wynns wines today is the ultimate reward. The wines have never been as satisfying, diverse and frankly, as damn good, as they are right now. It’s an exciting time to be at Wynns”
The Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology, founded in 1980, is a professional society to serve the interests of practising winemakers and viticulturists by encouraging the exchange of technical information.
Download the Media Release
Wynns’ Sue Hodder and Sarah Pidgeon named ‘Winemakers of the Year’ Friday, 18 November 2016 pdf 127 kB Download
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PF Spekk: an unconventional, warm & variable new release
Inspired by Cavafy: this year’s Graphic Stories Cyprus 5th international poster contest demands action
13 Aug / 2020 / Scanner /
Inspired by Constantine Peter Cavafy, the iconic Egyptiot Greek poet, journalist and civil servant whose consciously individual style earned him a place among the most important figures in Greek and Western poetry poetry as well Graphic Stories Cyprus invites all creatives to break down the walls.
“Today, more than ever, people feel trapped in a series of limitations that have been imposed on them without realizing when, how and why. Social exclusion, marginalization and all kinds of restrictions and discrimination for racial, political, socio-economic, religious, national, sexual orientation, cultural, disability, age, professional and other reasons put obstacles in the way of human freedom and self-disposition. These are the walls that, according to the poet Constantine P. Cavafy, imprison and trap every human being” reads the announcement of this year’s 5th International Poster Contest of the festival.
“The freedom we thought we had in our lives is no longer a given. The participants in the competition are invited to visualize their thoughts, ideas and concerns regarding the theme of the competition which is: ‘Break down the walls.” The posters they create should highlight the fact that human freedom is not a given and highlight that in order to achieve freedom we must fight and break down the walls that rise around us. Break the barriers, raise your voice, break down the walls!”
A post shared by Graphic Stories Cyprus (@graphicstoriescyprus) on Aug 12, 2020 at 4:58pm PDT
With three categories aka International distinction for professional visual communication designers, International distinction for higher education students [university or college] of visual communication, Cypriot distinction for higher education students [university or college] of visual communication and Cypriot distinction for Lyceum and Technical School students each contestant has the right to submit up to two posters.
Parachute’s founder and type designer Panos Vassiliou is a member of the jury along with Dr. Jesús Del Hoyo Arjona, Dr. Arafat Al-Naim, Ioannis Fetanis, Jose Luis Hernandez "Chepe", Zoe Katsigianni, Panos Kostantopoulos, Vassia Kalozoumi, Andreas Xenulis and Chao Yang.
The best 50 posters will be exhibited at the Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation and the inauguration will take place on the 19th of March 2021, after the end of the Conferences’ lectures.
Sponsored by Parachute type foundry, Graphic Stories Cyprus strive for a better world through art that will remind to all the importance of the great poet, Constantine P. Cavafy, whose Archive by the Onassis Foundation is a treasure to discover for inspiration.
The international contest is part of the 7th Conference on Graphic Design and Visual Communication in Cyprus that will take place between 19-21 of March 2021.
The submission of projects can only be done electronically by email from the 1st of July until the 15th of November 2020.
Check more here.
Tags/ parachute, panos vassiliou, poster, competition, poetry, parachute typefoundry, bank of cyprus cultural foundation, graphic stories cyprus, contest
Older Posts in Scanner /
10 Aug / 2020
A book, a day: Milton Glaser, Graphic Design
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S for superb: Seb Lester's latest screen prints are a beauty to own
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Type Directors Club: take part in the survey for the future of the Oscars of typography & type design
Design for the win: Netflix's Abstract nominated for this year's Emmy Outstanding Main Title Design Award
Covid Book Covers: Josh Berta’s brilliant Instagram project for the pandemic
Font Sunday: the beauty of our world's shop fronts exposed on Twitter
Shop till you drop: this year's Typographics Book Fair goes online
What They Don’t Teach You in Design School: download AIGA's insightful zine for free
A' Design Awards & Competition: call for entries
Kanye West is the typographer you didn't know, a report
Type Tuesday Special: join Eye Magazine's online tribute to Milton Glaser
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Load more >
Explore Cavafy's amazing body of work at The Cavafy Archive by the Onassis Foundation. "Our mission has always been to provide free and open access to researchers as well as the wider public, and to promote Cavafy’s work and the international character of his poetry through the digitisation and complete re-documentation of the archive’s materials" reads Cavafy Archive's manifesto.
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Glittering Party in Bangkok for Best Western Hotels Business Partners
Bangkok (Thailand) – March 9, 2018 (travelindex) – Best Western Hotels & Resorts has said a big “thank you” to its partners and associates in Thailand with a glittering party in Bangkok. The Best Western Appreciation Night 2018 was hosted at Beer Republic, the popular venue in the heart of the Thai capital. It gathered approximately 70 of the company’s closest partners, including marketing companies, travel agents, journalists and influential bloggers.
The event provided an exclusive opportunity for guests to catch up with the Best Western Asia executive team, enjoy delicious drinks and snacks, and network with like-minded friends and colleagues in a casual atmosphere. And of course, it allowed Best Western to express its deep appreciation to all its awesome associates!
A prize draw was also held during the night, with fantastic prizes including Best Western-branded luggage and amazing holidays in Phuket and Japan!
Ms. Sareewan Sudsanit of Krungsriayudhya Card won a two-night stay at Best Western Premier Bangtao Beach Resort & Spa, including return flights for two people to Phuket, and the first prize went to Ms. Jiraphon Bupsiri of N.S. Travel & Tours, who won return flights for two between Bangkok and Osaka and a two nights’ accommodation at Best Western Osaka Tsukamoto, including breakfast.
“At Best Western Hotels & Resorts, we truly value the contributions of all of our partners. We would not succeed without the efforts of all our associates, from the travel agents who sell our hotels to their clients to our media and marketing partners who ensure that we stay in the limelight,” said Olivier Berrivin, Best Western’s Managing Director of International Operations – Asia.
“We are delighted to welcome so many of our esteemed partners to the Best Western Appreciation Night 2018. This is our way of saying ‘thank you’ for their efforts, and we look forward to establishing even stronger relationships with our partners in future,” Olivier added.
About Best Western Hotels & Resorts:
Best Western Hotels & Resorts headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, is a privately held hotel brand with a global network of 4,200* hotels in more than 100* countries and territories worldwide. Best Western offers 11 hotel brands to suit the needs of developers and guests in every market: Best Western®, Best Western Plus®, Best Western Premier®, Vīb®, GLō®, Executive Residency by Best Western®, BW Premier Collection®, and BW Signature CollectionSM by Best Western; as well as its recently launched franchise offerings: SureStay® Hotel by Best Western, SureStay Plus® Hotel by Best Western and SureStay Collection® by Best Western. Now celebrating more than 70 years of hospitality, Best Western provides its hoteliers with global operational, sales and marketing support, and award-winning online and mobile booking capabilities. Best Western continues to set industry records regarding awards and accolades, including 64 percent of the brand’s North American hotels earning a TripAdvisor® Certificate of Excellence award in 2017, Business Travel News® ranking Best Western Plus and Best Western number one in upper-mid-price and mid-price hotel brands, and Best Western receiving seven consecutive Dynatrace® Best of the Web awards for its leading hotel website. Best Western has also won nine consecutive AAA®/CAA® Lodging Partner of the Year awards, recognizing the brand’s commitment to providing exceptional service and great value to AAA/CAA’s nearly 58 million members in the U.S. and Canada. Best Western-branded hotels were top ranked in J.D. Power’s 2017 North America Hotel Guest Satisfaction Index Study – ranking first in breakfast (food and beverage category) for midscale; and second in overall guest satisfaction. Over 32 million travelers are members of the brand’s award-winning loyalty program Best Western Rewards®, one of the few programs in which members earn points that never expire and can be redeemed at any Best Western hotel worldwide. Best Western’s partnerships with AAA/CAA and Harley-Davidson® provide travelers with exciting ways to interact with the brand. Through its partnership with Google® Street View, Best Western is the first major company of its size and scale to launch a virtual reality experience for customers, setting a new industry standard and reinventing how guests view hotels.
– All Best Western and SureStay-branded hotels are independently owned and operated.
– Numbers are approximate, may fluctuate, and include hotels currently in the development pipeline.
Marketing Communications Department
Best Western Hotels and Resorts – Asia
Sirimanas Maungrod
Orapan Sornnuwat
Email: orapan.sornnuwat@bestwestern.com
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MURDER USA: TONY GRAHAM BUSTED FOR ATTEMPTED MURDER IN GUNFIRE THAT ONLY WINGED THE VICTIM IN BIG FIGHT AT PARK HEIGHTS
Armed robbery Assault Breaking News Burglary Carjackings Cocaine trafficking Court News Dead Head Hit Parade (Under 10 gram poss of pot) Dirtbag Roundup gun felon Heroin Highway to Hell Murder USA Plea Deals Police Beat Political Corruption Politics
April 19, 2020 April 19, 2020 admin0
TONY GRAHAM BUSTED FOR ATTEMPTED MURDER IN GUNFIRE THAT ONLY WINGED THE VICTIM IN BIG FIGHT AT PARK HEIGHTS
BALTIMORE, MD. – When a fight is roaring in the middle of a massive pandemic the hoodlums of Baltimore continue to do what they do best: they rob, kill, burglarize, and fight over drug territory.
The criminal class of Baltimore will not be deprived of their fun with guns and since all of the pompous politicians have declared that not only will no one be put in jail but the cell doors are going to be opened and lots of convicts will be set free, there is little incentive for them to obey the law – not that they had much inclination of doing so in the first place.
Baltimore Police report that on March 27, 2020, at approximately 8:40 P.M., a 26-year-old man was shot following a large fight in the 5100 block of Park Heights Avenue. The aging commercial area is now populated with stores all adorned with roll-up metal barricades to keep out burglars when the stores are closed as crime has spread through this rat-infested west end of Baltimore.
Police say that the victim sustained a gunshot wound to his right arm and is expected to make a full recovery. The shooter obviously has not spent any time on the range learning how to use the piece used in the shooting, as the directions for the use of the gun were not included when the firearm was stolen.
Police say that Detectives spoke with the victim and witnesses and reviewed video footage that was obtained from the area and identified a suspect a short time later and obtained an arrest warrant.
On April 14, 2020, members of the Warrant Apprehension Task Force arrested Tony Graham, 30, (DOB 06/06/1985) of 4920 Greenspring Avenue, Baltimore, Md., at a home in Howard County, without incident.
Graham was transported Central Booking where he has been charged with 1st Degree Attempted Murder. Graham remains at Central Booking where he is being held without bail. As of April 15, 2020, Graham was still behind bars with a free attorney, Sharon Cole, assigned to be his mouthpiece, provided by the hapless Taxpayers of Maryland.
Tony Graham entered a guilty plea to second-degree assault and intoxicated endangerment on May 15, 2017, in Baltimore City Circuit Court in a plea deal with the Baltimore City States Attorney Marilyn Mosby. THE DEAL: Graham was given a verdict of Probation After Conviction with one year in the slammer and eleven months and twenty-nine days suspended. (Graham got one day in jail.)
WAS THIS BOZO HOOFING IT IN VIOLATION OF STAY AT HOME ORDERS:
BALTIMORE, MD. – Crime waits for no man or woman in the City of Demons and a silly virus from China sure won’t slow down the pace of killing in Charm City. Baltimore Police report that on April 13, 2020, at approximately 8:50 p.m., Southwest District patrol officers responded to an area hospital for a report of a walk-in shooting victim.
Police say they located 20-year-old male suffering from a gunshot wound to the leg. The victim is currently listed in stable condition and wondering how he can participate in the Easter Monday Easter Egg roll back where he was shot in the 600 block of South Smallwood Street when he was shot by an unidentified suspect.
THE CHESAPEAKE TODAY All Crime All The Time
THE BRAINS OF THE OUTFIT: Shot in the Derriere
BALTIMORE, MD. – It looks like the boss of West Fayette Street Gang is in danger of spilling his thoughts. Police say that on April 13, 2020, at approximately 8:30 p.m., Western District patrol officers responded to an area hospital for a report of a walk-in shooting victim.
Police say that in the ER, they found a 24-year-old male suffering from a gunshot wound to the buttocks. The victim is currently listed in stable condition. The Fearless Fosdicks of Baltimore says that sleuths were able to follow the trail of brain cells which revealed that the victim was shot while in the 2000 block of a West Fayette Street which is only a short walk from the Edgar Allan Poe Museum.
Edgar-Allan-Poe-at-Panama-International-Book-Fair-2016 THE CHESAPEAKE TODAY photo
BE STILL MY TELL-TALE HEART!
MURDER USA: Double Dose of Bullets Leave Life Expectancy in Question
BALTIMORE, MD. – Baltimore Police report that on April 17, 2020, at approximately 8:14 p.m., Northern District patrol officers responded to the 2500 block of Quantico Avenue for a report of a shooting and located a 32-year-old male suffering from gunshot wounds to the stomach and shoulder.
Police say that a meatwagon rushed the victim was transported to an area hospital where his condition is unknown at this time.
Northern District shooting detectives are asking anyone with information to contact them at 410-396-2455 or Metro Crime Stoppers at 1-866-7Lockup.
Just Winged and Will Live to Walk the Streets of the City of Demons Another Day
BALTIMORE, MD. – On April 17, 2020, at approximately 5:58 p.m., Western District patrol officers responded to the 1500 block of West North Avenue for a report of a shooting.
Police say that officers located a 25-year-old male suffering from a gunshot wound to the shoulder.
The man was given a ride to a hospital for a special administration of first aid for the battlefield victims.
MURDER USA: #81 Homicide for 2020 in Baltimore! When will the pompous politicians of Baltimore start KNIFE BUY BACK DAYS; Don’t they care about all those who have their lives ended by callous use of kitchen knives?
BALTIMORE, MD. – The latest case of a vicious cut, a slit throat, a plunge with a saber deep into the heart of a victim in this lawless and criminally insane city which could all be put inside of a containment zone, surrounded by the National Guard took place on April 12, 2020.
If Knife-buy back days are started in Baltimore there will be at least one former police commissioner and three mayors emptying out the kitchen drawers of all knives and bringing them in to a police station to pick up the reward, likely to be about $200 per blade.
Baltimore Police say that at 7:46 pm, officers were called to the 3900 block of Maine Avenue for a report of a person not breathing. When officers arrived, they found a man with at least one stab wound to his body.
Evidently one was done and all that was needed to make life expire from this hapless soul adding to the body count for 2020 in the City of Demons. The unidentified man was declared dead.
St. Mary's Commissioners honor retiring county employee Georgia Belleavoine on March 10, 2020 without any regard for social distancing.
Social distancing news on March 10, 2020 from Utah to Washington DC but not in St. Mary's County
Pelosi and Hoyer on Friday the 13th of March celebrate final deal on Wuhan Virus bill and Hoyer then pointed out no one was following social distancing.
Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam, who is a medical doctor, surrounded himself with officials who may have been positive for Wuhan Virus.
No Social Distancing as officials cram into camera shot for Governor Larry Hogan's announcement calling out National Guard, closing schools with 12 cases of Wuhan Virus in Maryland
West-Virginia-Governor-Jim-Justice-on-March-23rd-got-it-right-on-social-distancing-announces-16-positive-cases-including-a-nursing-home-staffer.
St. Mary's Board of Commissioners THE CHESAPEAKE TODAY cartoon
St. Mary's Liquor Board March 12, 2020
New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo on March 4, 2020 with officials at briefing on Wuhan Virus when social distancing wasn't cool for them, just for others.
Social distancing warriors at the White House
Tagged 1500 block of West North Avenue1st Degree Attempted Murder3900 block of Maine Avenue5100 block of Park Heights AvenueBaltimore City States Attorney Marilyn Mosby.burglarizeCity of Demonscriminal class of Baltimorefree attorneykillpompous politiciansrat-infestedrobSharon ColeWarrant Apprehension Task ForceWest Fayette Street Gang
EDITORIAL: TELL YOUR GOVERNOR TO GO FLY A KITE; SENATOR BEN CARDIN SIGNED THE DEATH WARRANT FOR THOUSANDS OF SMALL BUSINESSES; Smokey Joe’s BBQ closed down in Leonardtown
MURDER USA: Killing Score # 77, 78 & 79 for 2020 in Baltimore — Trio of Victims; Keyon Rogers is Dead; Keith Gladden Arrested for Slaying of Donnell Toliver
HELION IMPLEMENTED HIS SPECIAL KIND OF HELL INSIDE FOOD WAREHOUSE; PROMISED TO RETURN AND KILL EVERYONE
SOUTHERN MD. POLICE BEAT: St. Mary’s Jail Employee Tammy Hill Busted for Supplying Drugs to Inmates
DWI HIT PARADE – The case of the Boozy Woozy Jag Driver and his Demo Derby on the Interstate
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Beyond modern portfolio theory – how investors can mitigate systemic risk through the portfolio
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The near universally adopted modern portfolio theory (MPT) put forward by Nobel laureate Harry Markowitz in 1952 is blind to the effect of portfolio investment on the capital markets’ overall risk/return profile and on the macro systems upon which the market relies for stability.
By James Hawley, Professor Emeritus School of Economics and Business, Saint Mary College of California, Head of Applied Research, TruValue Labs and Jon Lukomnik, Executive Director of the Investor Responsibility Research Center (IRRC)
Despite numerous academic studies demonstrating that the effect of market beta on an investor’s portfolio dwarfs any returns achievable through security selection, few traditional investing styles attempt to influence beta. This is primarily because the near universally adopted modern portfolio theory (MPT) put forward by Nobel laureate Harry Markowitz in 1952 is blind to the effect of portfolio investment on the capital markets’ overall risk/return profile and on the macro systems upon which the market relies for stability (the global financial, environmental and social systems). MPT doesn’t account for investors’ actions affecting systemic risk.
From unintended impact…
In reality, however, normal investment activities’ effects on systemic risk are many and manifest. Capital flows create risk-on/risk-off markets, for instance, and passive investment has become so popular (more than a third of the US stock market is now invested through some type of index fund) that it has begun to affect the marketplace, through the super portfolio effect.
The super portfolio effect means that simply being in a portfolio can affect the underlying securities. Super portfolios tend to herd, increasing systemic risk. This is a perfect example of how adherence to MPT drives certain types of portfolio investment, which then affects the beta of the market overall.
Super portfolios
Studies have shown securities changing price merely due to being included in an index, as well as the capital flows into or out of an index affecting prices of the securities within. The super portfolio effect sees the prices of the component securities in an index begin to move together, and float away from the other market participants, not because of individual security decisions, but merely because they are included in an index or other communally traded structure. The effect of indexation can even affect how the companies themselves operate: studies have revealed changes in everything from the structure of the Board of Directors and other governance areas to a reduction in research and development spending after a company is included in an index.
…through the rise of the institutional investor…
But if portfolio investment can unintentionally affect systemic factors, can investors intentionally influence systemic risk factors, such as governance problems and climate change, so as to mitigate such risks? This type of action would seek to change not the price of an individual security (as with the more publicised type of ’shareholder activism’), but the nature of a market. That would suggest a path to both decreasing market risk and improving financial, environmental and social systems. We call this beta activism.
Before we examine it, let’s ask a foundational question: if feedback loops between portfolio investment and systemic risk are possible, why were they not included in Markowitz’s brilliant, original MPT theory? Why did he think alpha and beta were disjointed?
The answer is the rise of the institutional investor. To give an analogy: every individual on earth has a gravitational effect on the orbit of the moon, which varies as they move. However, it is immeasurably small, so has no meaningful effect, and there’s so many other individuals that when you walk in one direction, someone else is inevitably walking in a different direction – so at a systemic level, they average out anyway. That, effectively, was Markowitz’s world, where institutions only owned about 8% of the US equity market, and individuals’ relatively small portfolios zigged and zagged in various directions, largely cancelling out any systemic impacts. Today, however, institutions own nearly 80% of the US equity market and a similar proportion of most others. Structural changes such as the rise of indexation, the creation of exchange-traded funds, and instantaneous communication combine to create super portfolios, as mentioned above. The sheer size of institutional portfolios makes manifest the feedback loops between the investments and the systems surrounding the financial markets.
Markowitz’s wonderful theory has become a victim of its own success: MPT has contributed to the rise of the concentration and institutionalisation of assets, and yet much of the practical implementation of MPT works well only as long as not too much of the market uses it.
…to exerting deliberate influence: beta activism
Large investors, or groups of investors, can intentionally attempt – and often succeed – to mitigate systemic risks and affect beta. For example, political risk is considered external to portfolio investment: investors try to understand and price the risk, but generally do not try to change it.
Perhaps they should. In 2002, when the California Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS) announced that they were divesting their holdings in the Philippines because of objections to how foreign investors were treated under Philippine law, the Philippine stock market fell 3.3% in a day and the Philippine government began negotiations with CalPERS. Two years later the laws were changed. In the real world, unlike in MPT theory, there are feedback loops between portfolio activity (disinvestment in this case) and the environmental, social and financial systems that create systemic risk.
Other examples include the New York City pension funds’ proxy access campaign, which attempts to change the governance landscape of the US equity market by changing how directors may be nominated; Blackrock’s efforts to get companies to focus the longer term; the Ceres coalition’s focus on environmental issues; and the Investor Stewardship Group’s goal of improving governance for the companies listed on US exchanges.
Beta activism has costs, borne by the beta activist but with the benefits accruing to all. This presents a free rider problem, where any given investor may be dissuaded from incurring costs to themselves in the hope that another will act for them. Institutional investors, however, have enough assets over which to spread the costs to be in a position where the absolute benefit to them can far outweigh the costs, mitigating the free rider effect.
Aggregating assets across a coalition further mitigates the free rider problem. As the investors to whom it is individually beneficial to act do so, they improve the market for everyone.
Beyond modern portfolio theory
These developments put in question a number of MPT’s tenets, though those such as the ability to diversify idiosyncratic risk, continue to be central and relevant. While MPT remains enormously valuable, it is clear that many of the hallmarks of today’s MPT-dominated investing need a fundamental rethink. Those who blindly seek alpha may find that the joke is on them. Changing beta holds far greater promise.
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Dec. 31, 2020 / 3:00 AM
William Zabka: 'Cobra Kai' is bringing families together
"Cobra Kai" Season 3, starring William Zabka (L) and Ralph Macchio, is set to debut on Netflix Friday. File Photo by Jim Ruymen/UPI | License Photo
Peyton List plays Tory in "Cobra Kai." File Photo by Jim Ruymen/UPI | License Photo
Vanessa Rubio plays Carmen in "Cobra Kai." Photo by Irvin Rivera
NEW YORK, Dec. 31 (UPI) -- William Zabka says he's happy fans found comfort and inspiration by watching his Karate Kid sequel series, Cobra Kai, during the coronavirus pandemic.
The half-hour, action-dramedy picks up more than 30 years after California high-school rivals Johnny Lawrence (Zabka) and Daniel LaRusso (Ralph Macchio) competed at the All Valley Karate Tournament.
Now in their 50s, down-on-his-luck Johnny and wealthy hotshot Daniel are martial arts instructors with their own dojos where they mentor teens using vastly different teaching and fight techniques.
Cobra Kai quietly debuted on YouTube in 2018, but exploded in popularity when Netflix released its first two seasons this past August -- while many people were stuck at home because of COVID-19 restrictions.
Season 3 starts streaming Friday.
"The pandemic has kept everybody locked down, in a sense, inside, and to have the show enter their living rooms with these characters they've known all these years, decades, was a little bit of comfort food," Zabka said in a recent Zoom interview with reporters. "Cobra Kai has been definitely good popcorn for the world during this time."
Those who tuned in were surprised to discover the show is much more than a nostalgia kick. It also is a funny and insightful underdog story that explores complicated parental relationships, bullying and wealth disparity.
Zabka thinks those themes make Cobra Kai relevant for today's viewers.
"It's not just good and evil and black and white," he added, referring to how Johnny was long regarded as Daniel's tormentor, but is now being seen in a more sympathetic new light," Zabka said.
He added: "There are shades of gray, and we should look at the world through different people's points of view and try to come to some understanding and balance. On the backs of entertainment and some badass karate and some '80s music, it's a feel-good show that is bringing families together."
Zabka said that even before the pandemic, fans told him the series had impacted their lives, whether it encouraged them to give up drinking or take karate lessons.
"I'd get so many people telling me, 'I haven't talked to my brother or my father or my son and this show is inspiring me to reach out and it's brought us back together,'" Zabka said. "As an artist, to make an impact and have that kind of response is incredible."
Mary Mouser, who plays Daniel's pampered daughter Samantha, said she believes teens and young adults are attracted to the show, in part, because of the way it deals with power dynamics amid the haves and have-nots in high school.
"This up-and-coming generation, specifically, is woke and knows a lot more about the world than I think I did at that moment in my life, and that's exciting and it makes me want to challenge myself to learn and try harder," Mouser said in a separate Zoom chat with co-star Peyton List and reporters.
Mouser also said young fans are coming to her with "tough questions" that make her think deeply about how Samantha's wealth and her nemesis Tory's poverty put them on a collision course.
List plays Tory, Johnny's former karate student and an angry, jealous girl who incites a mass karate brawl at school that injures Miguel and Samantha at the end of Season 2.
"It's super-relevant right now. We see with social media the huge divide there is -- politically, economically, socially," List said. "Cobra Kai is oddly commenting on a lot of that."
"Cobra Kai does a good job of showing everyone has a story. No matter how bad you have it or how privileged you are, everyone is going through something, and I think it's good for all of us to be able to communicate through the show. Hopefully, it brings more of us together to have those conversations," she said.
Xolo Mariduena, who plays Johnny's star student and surrogate son, Miguel, and Jacob Bertrand, who plays Miguel's former friend, Hawk, are enjoying how the show plays with the notion that someone can be a hero or a bully depending on someone else's perspective.
"Both of those phrases are pretty subjective," Mariduena said in another virtual roundtable interview, noting he thinks that in real life, nowadays, bullying is more of an online than in-person scourge.
"In terms of bullies and heroes, I think our show really blurs the line between the two," Mariduena said.
"At some points, there are some pretty distinct bullies and pretty distinct heroes, but that is the joy of the show. Jacob gets to play the hero with Demetri and also the bully with Demetri. I have that moment with Robby."
"They do a really good job of letting you know everyone's motives," Bertrand chimed in about the show's writers, noting if the characters would just talk to each other and explain where they are coming from, "A lot of this probably wouldn't happen."
Vanessa Rubio plays Carmen, who is Miguel's hard-working mom, Johnny's neighbor and a grounding force amid all the conflict in the Cobra Kai.
"She has a lot of dignity and drive and ability to overcome obstacles and keep her life going at a good clip with good intentions," Rubio told UPI in a phone interview.
It was important for the actress to authentically portray a mother caught between supporting her son's pursuit of excellence in karate and her fear for his safety.
"We meet her in the beginning of Season 1, and she is pretty fiercely protective of him, but she realizes through these events that he is growing up and he's becoming a man. He needs male guidance and he needs to explore and make mistakes," Rubio said.
"So she is definitely loosening the reins on her ability to mother him as she used to, but doing it still with a lot of grace and intelligence."
Season 3 sees Carmen and Johnny growing closer as Miguel recovers from his injuries after the fight. The relationship has been an interesting journey because it means Rubio is part of a Johnny redemption story decades after he was painted as a villain.
"[His redemption] does seem well-earned. Back when we all watched The Karate Kid, it would be like, 'No way would we be on Johnny's side!'" Rubio laughed.
"Now, it's like we can see this with these real-life eyes," she added. "Everyone has their light and dark side. You just have to find the balance."
Cobra Kai already has been renewed for Season 4.
Cobra Kai Season 3 now drops JANUARY 1 only on Netflix. So QUIET! Happy Holidays, dorks. - Johnny Lawrence pic.twitter.com/0YTiJ6vZOO— Cobra Kai (@CobraKaiSeries) December 24, 2020
Gerard Butler: 'Greenland' is a disaster film with a hopeful message Whoopi Goldberg: 'The Stand' remake shows a more conflicted Mother Abagail 'Groom' star Tom Everett Scott: People relate to wedding chaos 'Pennyworth' star Jack Bannon: Peaceful world makes for boring TV
Mary J. Blige turns 50: a look back
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Initial orders for Level-5’s Ni no Kuni on DS hits 600K
By Stephany Nunneley, Wednesday, 8 December 2010 17:59 GMT
Level-5 held a premiere event in Japan last night for its adorable looking DS RPG Ni no Kuni.
According to Famitsu (via Andriasang), Level-5 CEO Akihiro Hino addressed the crowd at the event with the news that the game’s initial orders hit the 600K mark, which is the highest ever for a Level-5 game. Even Professor Layton, apparently. The publisher is expecting to sell between one and two million units of the game, with it being the “next big title to follow Professor Layton and Inazuma Eleven.”
Ni no Kuni: Shikkoku no Madoshi, which in English translates into Second Land: The Jet-Black Mage, is not the only Ni no title to be released today, as the mobile phone version Ni no Kuni Hotroit Stories also debuts for ROID.
A PS3 version of the game, Ni no Kuni: Shiroki Seihai no Joo (Second Land: The Queen of White Sacred Ash) is expected to hit PS3 in 2011.
No word yet on a release outside of Japan. Damn it.
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How to fade a playing sound via lua
#1, by marvelTuesday, 17. December 2013, 15:17 7 years ago
i'd like to fade a playing sound via lua. In my case a sound is played during a conversation. When the conversation is over, the sound has to fade to zero and stop.
How could that be done?
#2, by afrlmeTuesday, 17. December 2013, 16:23 7 years ago
actually as a thought I was going to say that you could actually use the jump to action part to create a loop & then have it gradually reduce the volume of the sound by x but having just checked the change settings of a sound action part I noticed there is no option to affect sound by a multiplier value, only the sliders exist.
the best method (when next release of VS comes out) would be to use the new lua audio commands to start & control the playing sound. the new player commands are already listed on the new vs wiki (with example code) for anyone who is interested in taking a look.
essentially you would start off with the startSound() command to setup a sound & then you would use the getSoundId() to get the sound id value so that you can use that to control the settings of the sound in the setSoundProperty() command.
http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/GetSoundId
http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/GetSoundProperty
http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/SetSoundProperty
http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/StartSound
http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/StopSound
http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/ToggleSoundPause
here is the link to the page containing all player commands: http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/Player_Commands & here is the link to the common commands page: http://wiki.visionaire-tracker.net/wiki/Common_Commands
I've just linked these here as reference for anyone who is interested.
afrlme
#3, by NovelSaturday, 21. December 2013, 23:26 7 years ago
actually as a thought I was going to say that you could actually use the jump to action part to create a loop & then have it gradually reduce the volume of the sound by x but having just checked the change settings of a sound action part I noticed there is no option to affect sound by a multiplier value, only the sliders exist..
I'm not sure if I get you right here, but I actually implemented a fading out like that. See screenshot. I connected a value "fader" to the decrease of volume and the speed is defined by the pause inbetween.
#4, by afrlmeSunday, 22. December 2013, 00:02 7 years ago
yeah globally you can fade out music/sound etc but you can't fade out a single sound.
in the upcoming release you have 2 new additional sound options to control; these being: "movies" & "global". global is good because you can fade out all sounds in one go or set a global volume level while stil being able to control the other 4 sound options.
#5, by NovelSunday, 22. December 2013, 22:22 7 years ago
Ah, I see! Looking forward to the next version then.
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Vodacom launches free Facebook Flex to bridge digital divide
In a move to further lower the cost to communicate and increase digital and social connectivity in South Africa, Vodacom announces the launch of Facebook Flex. This is the first of many products to launch under the Vodacom Siyakha platform. Facebook Flex will give customers on the Vodacom network an opportunity to connect with friends and family using the basic version of Facebook for free.
Once signed up to the service, Vodacom customers can update their Facebook status and comment on posts even when they do not have data. Should users wish to view pictures or videos, they can easily switch from the free version to data mode to access the full Facebook service. To use Facebook Flex customers can log on to Facebook.com or dial *111*32#.
Nyimpini Mabunda, Chief Officer: Consumer Business Unit, says that Vodacom’s Siyakha initiative is an important part of Vodacom’s effort to ensure digital inclusion for all its customers. “Network operators like ourselves have a role to play in reducing the digital divide, particularly between those in urban and rural areas. In all our efforts we are mindful of the immense pressures that consumers face which are largely associated with the cost to communicate. The popularity and the extensive use of social media services such as Facebook as a means of communication has made it a necessity rather than a luxury.”
Siyakha, which means ‘we are building’ in isiZulu, is a platform that will offer free (zero-rated) and lower priced products and services to the emerging prepaid segment of Vodacom’s customer base. This includes a range of Vodacom insurance products, free health content from the TV series Hello Doctor as well as Vodacom’s infotainment platform Video Play. For example, for just 99c Siyakha customers can view the latest music content and the best local soapies. In terms of access to other free content, Siyakha will house Vodacom’s existing educational portals and careers and jobs websites.
“The introduction of this platform is another way in which we will seek to deliver greater value to our customers, particularly the prepaid market. By driving a segmented customer approach, we will be able to better cater for and develop more personalised and needs based products and services for all of our customers. Our focus is about giving our customers what they want at affordable prices”, adds Nyimpini.
Over the past five years Vodacom has made significant progress towards reducing voice and data costs through its various value based offers such as time-based micro bundles. Just4You offers customers personalised voice and data bundles for as little as 50c. Some of the other most popular data bundles include Power Bundles starting from R2 (10mins) to R5 (1hour) voice bundles as well as a 50MB data bundle for R4. Furthermore to continue with its promise to keep South African’s confidently connected and to bridge the digital communication barrier, Vodacom also provides affordable, high-quality 3G smartphone devices at R399 (for a Smart Kicka VE). For more bundles customers can dial *111#.
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After years of hard work Watton’s museum is ready to open to the public
Rebecca Murphy
Published: 7:00 AM March 9, 2018 Updated: 7:15 AM October 7, 2020
Museum4Watton is ready to open to the public on March 16. Pictured are (from left) Jackie Greenbrook, Chris Hutchings and John Greenbrook. Picture: Ian Burt - Credit: Ian Burt
It has taken years of hard work, fundraising and negotiations but one Norfolk town is preparing for the long-awaited opening of its museum.
An early Paleolithic flint hand axe, believed to be half a million years old, which will be on display at Museum4Watton. Picture: Museum4Watton - Credit: Archant
Museum4Watton will house artefacts from the town and surrounding villages' rich histories so they can be enjoyed by the public and preserved for future generations.
Items on display will include an early Paleolithic flint hand axe, believed to be half a million years old, which was found in one of the Wayland villages.
Additionally there is a full size replica of a Roman skeleton found in Watton, known as Hero, and documents and pictures relating to RAF Watton.
The idea for a permanent museum for the town first came about in 2014 and the group was formed the following year.
Museu4Watton will be opening on March 16. Pictured is Chris Hutchings. Picture: Ian Burt - Credit: Ian Burt
MORE - After a 'long journey' group hopes a museum will open in Watton
John Greenbrook, Museum 4Watton trustee, said: 'It is terribly satisfying. It has been an ambition to have a museum which is there to stop the loss of local heritage. There had been nowhere for people to donate or lend artefacts too.'
Museum4Watton is opening on March 16. Pictured is trustee, John Greenbrook, looking at a Court Baron Minutes Book dated 1670-1708. Picture: Ian Burt - Credit: Ian Burt
He added: 'I am hoping everybody will be enthused and will learn about their heritage.'
Based at Wayland Hall, the museum will be spread over two floors.
In August last year, Museum4Watton was awarded a grant of £61,300 from the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF) to help towards, display cases, redecorate the rooms, train volunteers and buy equipment.
MORE - Group which has worked hard to bring a permanent museum to Watton receive £61,300 funding boost from Heritage Lottery Fund
There will be a research room, for people to view digitised documents and photographs and there will be a children's corner with various activities for added interest.
Mr Greenbrook said the volunteers have been 'working solidly since August' to get the museum ready for its opening on Friday, March 16 at 10am.
Despite the variety of artefacts on display - including documents and books containing the records of the court baron of the Manor of Watton Hall from 1670 to 1924 - the group are always on the look out for more items.
More volunteers are also welcomed.
A programme of talks at the museum and a Saturday children's club will be announced at a later date.
The museum will be open Wednesday to Saturday from 10am until 4pm.
For more information you can email the group at info@museumforwatton.org.uk or call 01953 797060.
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Dinner Lab announces immediate shut down
Updated: 12:26 PM CDT Apr 14, 2016
Clint Durrett
Dinner Lab announced Thursday that it was ceasing its operations immediately.The host of the "nomadic dining experience" in New Orleans made the announcement on its website Thursday.Dinner Lab started three-and-a-half years ago and was a member-based dining experience that would rotate chefs and offer new recipes for its members' enjoyment."We though that he restaurant industry often took safe bets. We wanted to up the ante, and bet hard on experimentation, iteration, data, and the fact that there should be an open dialogue between diner and chef," the company said in a statement on its website. "We tried to blur the lines, push the envelope, and propel an industry that we loved forward. We did this not for the sake of being novel, but because we thought that guests should be a part of the culinary process; not as receivers of a finished product, but part of the development."It is with a very heavy heart that we have to tell you, but effective immediately, Dinner Lab will be suspending operations and halting events."The company wasn't immediately available for comment.Stay connected with WDSU.com for more information as it develops.Keep up with local news, weather and current events with the WDSU app here.Sign up for our email newsletters to get breaking news right in your inbox. Click here to sign up!13484466
Dinner Lab announced Thursday that it was ceasing its operations immediately.
The host of the "nomadic dining experience" in New Orleans made the announcement on its website Thursday.
Dinner Lab started three-and-a-half years ago and was a member-based dining experience that would rotate chefs and offer new recipes for its members' enjoyment.
"We though that he restaurant industry often took safe bets. We wanted to up the ante, and bet hard on experimentation, iteration, data, and the fact that there should be an open dialogue between diner and chef," the company said in a statement on its website. "We tried to blur the lines, push the envelope, and propel an industry that we loved forward. We did this not for the sake of being novel, but because we thought that guests should be a part of the culinary process; not as receivers of a finished product, but part of the development.
"It is with a very heavy heart that we have to tell you, but effective immediately, Dinner Lab will be suspending operations and halting events."
The company wasn't immediately available for comment.
Stay connected with WDSU.com for more information as it develops.
Keep up with local news, weather and current events with the WDSU app here.
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Justice Ministry’s P100 million tender put on hold
By Francinah Baaitse
The tendering process of the Multi Million Pula proposed construction of the Kanye Magistrate court in the Southern District has been put on hold.
The delay surfaced after the Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Board (PPADB) refused to allow the Ministry of Defence, Justice and Security to adjudicate on the multi Million Pula tender through its Ministerial Tender Committee.
Information reaching WeekendPost suggests that the PPADB rejected a request by the Ministry to award the P100 Million bid for the construction of the court during a very recent board sitting.
The request came through the Department of Justice (AOJ) which wanted to be allowed a threshold of P100 million for its, “Ministerial Tender Committee (MTC) and for the Board to adjudicate on the construction Project for the Kanye Magistrate Court.”
The reasons for refusal have not been made public, but it is alleged that it was because the amount requested fell beyond the limits of the Ministerial Tender Committee and violated the PPADB provisions.
This development comes at a time when the Administration of Justice is in the process of expanding the Magistrates courts so as to bring them closer to the people.
The Kanye Magistrate court is one of the projects which the department of Justice was planning to deliver during the tenure of Maruping Dibotelo as the Chief Justice. In a previous interview with this reporter, Dibotelo has revealed that he intends to expand the number of Magistrates courts across the country.
Just recently he did mention that his administration would open three new Magistrate courts around the country including Kang, Shakawe and Nata. The courts, he promised, would be opened this current financial year ending next year April.
“This will help in reducing the distance travelled by people in those areas to access the courts,” Dibotelo had said.
Meanwhile the PPADB has also turned down the request by the Botswana Police to change the award of the vehicle model they had initially requested to purchase to a different model at a higher price.
LSB demands 1966 minutes to prove Khama wrong
Turkish PM blames Ankara bombing on Islamic State
Ketumile Ramatiti
While there is no hard-and-fast rule in politics, former Molepolole North Member of Parliament, Mohamed Khan says populism acts in the body politic have forced him to quit active partisan politics. He brands this ancient ascription of politics as fake and says it lowers the moral compass of the society.
Khan who finally tasted political victory in the 2014 elections after numerous failed attempts, has decided to leave the ‘dirty game’, and on his way out he characteristically lashed at the current political leaders; including his own party president, Advocate Duma Boko. “I arrived at this decision because I have noticed that there are no genuine politics and politicians. The current leaders, Boko and President Dr Mokgweetsi Masisi are fake politicians who are just practicing populist politics to feed their egos,” he said.
Game Mokoba
Former Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) parliamentary hopeful, Lawrence Ookeditse has rejected the idea of taking up a crucial role in the Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF) Central Committee following his arrival in the party this week. According to sources close to development, BPF power brokers are coaxing Ookeditse to take up the secretary general position, left vacant by death of Roseline Panzirah-Matshome in November 2020.
Ookeditse’s arrival at BPF is projected to cause conflicts, as some believe they are being overlooked, in favour of a new arrival. The former ruling party strategist has however ruled out the possibility of serving in the party central committee as secretary general, and committed that he will turn down the overture if availed to him by party leadership.
Ookeditse, nevertheless, has indicated that if offered another opportunity to serve in a different capacity, he will gladly accept. “I still need to learn the party, how it functions and all its structures; I must be guided, but given any responsibility I will serve the party as long as it is not the SG position.”
“I joined the BPF with a clear conscious, to further advance my voice and the interests of the constituents of Nata/Gweta which I believe the BDP is no longer capable to execute.” Ookeditse speaks of abject poverty in his constituency and prevalent unemployment among the youth, issues he hopes his new home will prioritise.
He dismissed further allegations that he resigned from the BDP because he was not rewarded for his efforts towards the 2019 general elections. After losing in the BDP primaries in 2018, Ookeditse said, he was offered a job in government but declined to take the post due to his political ambitions. Ookeditse stated that he rejected the offer because, working for government clashed with his political journey.
He insists there are many activists who are more deserving than him; he could have chosen to take up the opportunity that was before him but his conscious for the entire populace’s wellbeing held him back. Ookeditse said there many people in the party who also contributed towards party success, asserting that he only left the BDP because he was concerned about the greater good of the majority not individualism purposes.
According to observers, Ookeditse has been enticed by the prospects of contesting Nata/Gweta constituency in the 2024 general election, following the party’s impressive performance in the last general elections. Nata/Gweta which is a traditional BDP stronghold saw its numbers shrinking to a margin of 1568. BDP represented by Polson Majaga garnered 4754, while BPF which had fielded Joe Linga received 3186 with UDC coming a distant with 1442 votes.
There are reports that Linga will pave way for Ookeditse to contest the constituency in 2024 and the latter is upbeat about the prospects of being elected to parliament. Despite Ookeditse dismissing reports that he is eying the secretary general position, insiders argue that the position will be availed to him nevertheless.
Alternative favourite for the position is Vuyo Notha who is the party Deputy Secretary General. Notha has since assumed duties of the secretariat office on the interim basis. BPF politburo is expected to meet on 25th of January 2020, where the vacancy will be filled.
Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) big wigs have decided to cancel a retreat with the party legislators this weekend owing to increasing numbers of Covid-19 cases. The meeting was billed for this weekend at a place that was to be confirmed, however a communique from the party this past Tuesday reversed the highly anticipated meeting.
“We received a communication this week that the meeting will not go as planned because of rapid spread of Covid-19,” one member of the party Central Committee confirmed to this publication.
The gathering was to follow the first of its kind held late last year at party Treasurer Satar Dada’s place.
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BFA slams ‘ignorant’ Chiefs
By Mosimanegape Tshoswane
The Botswana Football Association (BFA) has branded Mochudi Centre Chiefs an ignorant team following their reluctance to play the remaining 16 minutes of their abandoned Mascom Top 8 tie against Nico United.
Chiefs earlier indicated that both the association and the Premier League had never furnished them with updated Play Rules and Regulations; hence their call the game should be replayed.
The game, which was played at Molepolole on Monday this week, was abandoned due to power failure.
Magosi, as they are popularly called, threatened to take legal action and approach the world football governing body, FIFA, as their last resort, should BFA continued to’ toss them about like yoyos’.
But the association has expressed disappointment at the conduct and manner in which the Kgatleng giants are handling this matter. BFA feels Chiefs are deliberately trying to prolong the issue needlessly.
The association and the Premier League feel Chiefs have no leg to stand on because the National Executive Committee (NEC) from time to time updates Play Rules and Regulations.
They believe Magosi fear to suffer their third consecutive humiliation in the Mascom Top 8 competitions, hence their clinging on to the old play rules and regulations.
According to the old regulations, which still appear on the website of the association, Article 8.3 says: “Where a game is abandoned without the fault of any of the participating teams, it shall be replayed at the same venue on a date determined by the competent BFA authority.”
Chiefs are, therefore, hopeful that the game will be replayed.
But updated rules, which the association says had been reviewed in 2012, read thus: “8.3.1: Should a match be abandoned by the referee due to an electricity power failure in a match played under floodlights, then the remaining minutes of the match will be resumed on a date and time agreed upon between the two participating clubs immediately upon the abandonment of the match, subject to the approval of the Chief Executive Officer of the League or a delegated Official of the league who may set an alternative date and time.”
This notwithstanding, Chiefs are crying foul, insisting that rules must be applied simultaneously at all costs. The reviewed rules dictate that an abandoned game should be played within 48 hours.
In addition, Magosi see another loophole in that the game has been moved to 26 November because the referee of that match, Joshua Bondo, will be away to West Africa, officiating an Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) 2015 qualifier between Cameroon and DR-Congo over the weekend.
Chiefs’ media liaison Clifford Mogomotsi says, “We are still studying the documents carefully and we will map a way forward.”
But BFA legal advisor Onkagetse Doctor Pusoentsi says “club officials should are warned against making untrue and disparaging remarks about the BFA on this issue based on their ignorance as such conduct is misconduct in terms of the Play Rules and Regulations.
It is the responsibility of the club officials to familiarise themselves with BFA statutes and finger-pointing will not help anybody but destroy our football,” he says.
Companies reject Sankoyo Bush Bucks
The neglect of women’s football
Ofentse Khwese
A section of troubled First Division South outfit, Mochudi Centre Chiefs are said to pulling out all stops to ensure that the club finally transitions into a company amid reports of instability and divisions.
According to a leaked letter from founders who are represented by Sexton Kowa and Ramocha Tsieng, the society has taken a decision to request Thapelo Tsheole who is currently the chairman, to hand over the team back to the society.
” Following the resolution passed by the members of the Mochudi Centre Chiefs Sporting Club(society) at its annual(AGM) held on the 18th August 2019 at Ntefo Conference facility in Mochudi to convert the society to a company limited by shares and with consent of the society, a company was duly incorporated on the 21st February 2020 being Mochudi Centre Chiefs (Proprietary) Limited, (the company) by six founders of the Society namely, Messrs, Aaron Ramosako, Molefi Sexton Kowa, Joel Mpete, Archie Aphiri, Rejoice Tlhowe, and Tshepo Aphiri (herein “The Funders” ), represented by Mr Molefi Sexton Kowa and Mr Ramocha Tsieng. The AGM further resolved that once the company was formed, the affairs of the society will be handed over to the company to manage,” reads the part of the missive written to Tsheole.
Contacted for comment, Mochudi Centre Chiefs President, Thapelo Tsheole stated that he is yet to officially receive the letter but has seen it from a friend who has seen it circulating on social media. “I cannot comment on the issue further because it was shown to me by a friend who saw it circulating on social media; but we will give it the attention it deserves and I plead with Centre Chiefs faithful to be calm,” he said.
The club president intends to keep his eyes on the ball: “We will handle the issue with the utmost respect because at the end of the day Mochudi Centre Chiefs brand should be the winner and this should always be our aim.” Tsheole has been leading the side and was tasked with reviving the team and bringing them back to the elite league.
The circulating letter is a culmination of power struggle between Tsheole and the so-called founders of the club. Sources speaking with WeekendSport state that Tsheole wanted both Directors to cede 75 percent of their shares to society as he believes the transitional route from society to a company has been bypassed.
Tsheole officially raised his hand for the first time this year, in an attempt to bring an end to more than a decade of controversy over Chiefs’ ownership, and appeared to have pinned his hopes on reaching an agreement with both Kowa and Ramotlhwa because of their status and good standing as former Chiefs’ administrators.
However, those close to developments believed that Tsheole, who also leads Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE), was wasting his time trying to negotiate with the duo, who were already determined to resist all efforts. This follows unsuccessful negotiations where both Directors were alleged to have been left in utter shock concerning the approach and presentation of the Chairman.
While the two Directors would not be drawn to comment, it is said they are both hamstrung to divulge deeper details to Tsheole because of his ambition to transform the club. While Tsheole thought he was jumping off the hoops for the club, the two directors seem not to appreciate his efforts.
Tsheole, was reportedly surprised when he tried to register a commercial footballing company on behalf of Mochudi Centre Chiefs. He deliberately chose the ‘Mochudi Centre Chiefs’ name because of its popularity as it remains a brand country wide.He found out that the company name already exists and is under the directorship of both Kowa and Ramotsha.
While Mochudi Center Chiefs PTY LTD was registered sometime in February of this year, there was another company, Centre Chiefs PTY LTD, associated with the club which has been in existence since the early 1990s. This is the same company that acquired a 7 hector piece of land in Mochudi.
The company had 7 directors namely Victor Kowa as the Executive Chairman, Ezekiel Mooki who was appointed the Technical Director, Serake Mfolwe holding the post of director of Marketing and Public Relations, Simon Mmopi coming as Director of Development, MacLean Letshwiti holding the fort as Director of Finance, Sexton Kowa who was Youth Development Director, and Kgafela Kgafela who occupied the post of Director of Legal Affairs and Board Secreta.
Zebras midfielder, Mothusi Cooper is set to be one of the top paid players at his new club, Lusaka Dynamos, following his move from Township Rollers on a two-year deal with an option to extend by a year.
The 23 year-old who joined Township Rollers from Extension Gunners in 2018 has proved to be one of the best midfielders in the country. Cooper’s new contract will see him smile all the way to the bank as he is expected to earn US$ 2500 monthly (about P25 000) with a winning bonus of US$ 350 (about P3 500) per game. The Tsabong-born player is said to have already received P250 000.00 signing-on fee from the club.
“At Rollers he was getting around P13 000 and with COVID-19 effects his pay had went down so he could not resist such an offer. He also had ambitions to play abroad so with such opportunities sometimes you have to take them because they may come once in a lifetime since football is a short career,” said a source at Rollers.
Cooper, who was recently unveiled by Lusaka Dynamos has agreed personal terms with the club, but negotiations between the two clubs are yet to be completed. “Cooper is on his way to Zambia but we are yet to sign the final documents with Dynamos as we been negotiating with them. We are hopefully that everything will be signed any moment but we have agreed to let the player go since he agreed terms with the team,” said Township Rollers club President, Jagdish Shah.
Lusaka Dynamos owner and director, Hanif Adams revealed that the deal is done and they will do everything to finalise pending matters. “We expect Cooper to be here this Friday and it will be up to the coach whether to play him or not when we face Green Eagles this weekend,” revealed Hanif Adams who is a respected businessman in Zambia.
Zambian sports journalist, Puncherello Chama has cautioned Cooper that he will have to fight his way to be on the first eleven of his new side. “Cooper is an exciting player and he has impressed Zambians during our two games against Zebras and already fans this side are looking forward to see him in action but he will have to fight for a starting place in Patrick Phiri led team,” he said.
“And should Cooper perform well this side I believe it will open more doors for other Botswana players to come this side, people should not undermine the Zambian league as it is ranked 7th in Africa and it has exported players all over the world in the past years.”
Lusaka Dynamos who are nicknamed The Elite, are currently on 10th position in Zambian MTN Super League table and have lost their last game to Prison Leopards 4-2 but the club hopes to redeem itself this year when they take on Green Eagles Saturday (today).
Mosiamanegape Tshoswane
The current crop of Zebras strikers is arguably apocryphal, and the vicissitude engulfing the national team has rendered them to a ‘milk and water’ status – very weak! Zebras is currently playing AFCON qualifiers and the team has scored a mere two goals in four matches!
Don’t be fooled by the 1-0 win against Zambia recently, it’s just an eye wash, win and loss in football are like Kith and Kin – the bottom-line is that our strikers are evidently gentlemen at large!
This damning conclusion on the senior men National Team is deduced from the lethargic performances since the maiden appearance at the AFCON 2012. It is a fact that the frontline attack has grown toothless since returning from their maiden AFCON cup qualifiers in February of 2012.
This is not just a squawk about Zebras strike force without basis. To steer clear of any assumed malice, here is why every firm football fan could be steamed up right now – ever since the disappearance of striker Jerome Jay Jay Ramatlhakwane, none of the selected strikers is hitting the net consistently as he once did! They have all literally failed to step into JJ shoes.
Between the 2015 and 2019 AFOCN Qualifiers, it has been uninspiring performances from the Zebras men in front of the goals. The strikers have played nine (9) rounds of games and they have scored only twice. While we could be stirring up a hornet’s nest with this matter of fact write-up, we are prepared to stick to our guns – the current crop of strikers is failing the national team.
It shouldn’t appear we trying to stretch the truth. Let’s look at the 2012 qualifying rounds, Zebras played eight (8) games and scored seven (7) times. Striker Jay Jay alone found the net five (5) times hence ascending to the summit of the top scorers’ list in Africa alongside deadly Senegalese striker, Mamadou Niang. At a personal level, this was a wonderful, hard-earned moment of sporting grace for the monstrous built striker whose body built suited his Zebras role to a T. His scoring ability remains unmatched up to now.
For far too long, The Zebras players, strikers to be more precise, have become little more than spectators in any African Cup of Nations qualifying scoring race. By extension, the future of scoring players mirrors a tomorrow that may never come. Ever since the remarkable and buccaneering record set during the wonderful seasons of striker Jerome Ramatlhakwane in 2011, The Zebras striking force has been nothing but a blunt knife – this is for the record.
Here is the sum and substance of our situation at the Zebras – four (4) AFCON finals passed without anybody hitting the net consistently. Other than trying and experimenting with a handful of strikers, our tiny land locked country struggled to find its way out of a mediocre zone.
But along the visible lines of pedestrian performances, the name of Jerome Ramatlhakwane remains popular in this country and by extension, Southern Africa. Believe it or not, Jay-Jay as he is popularly known, has built a legacy for himself that is unrivalled.
He is arguably one of the most highly acclaimed footballers this country has birthed, albeit with little success due to lack of exposure and many other obstacles the robust player has experienced in his football career. Ramatlhakwane has been both the darling and the villain in the media and in the country for the display he provides on the field of play.
With the senior national team failing to score goals, one wonders how Jay-Jay used to find the back of the net with such ease. Records are here for everyone to see but as Mark Twain argued, ‘facts are stubborn and statistics are pliable.’
With a career spanning from 2006 till date, Jay-Jay is Botswana’s all-time leading goal scorer, having found the back of the net on 21 occasions, with 53 caps under his belt and counting. Jay-Jay’s skill as a box striker is second to none; the striker is a marvel to watch on the field of play. His agility and sheer love of the game gives him an aura of a warrior on the battlefield.
That is why it is hard to comprehend why Jay-Jay is still a local player, why scouts haven’t scooped him up. A player of his calibre and the skill he possess as a finisher makes it obvious that he could be destined for greater things. Jay-Jay would make for a pronounced addition to any international club.
Hot on his heels is Botswana’s poster boy, Diphetogo Selolwane who hanged his boots post the 2012 AFCON showpiece. He has 18 goals from 68 caps in a football career that kick started in 1998.
In terms of play, Selolwane and Tshepiso Molwantwa, the famous jersey number 9 owner, are better than Jay-Jay but when it comes to statistics, Jay-Jay has the upper hand, this leaves one to ponder; is this what Mark Twain meant when he argued that statistics can be bent?
It’s a shock to learn that Molwantwa has won himself 44 international caps but only 8 recognized goals. We take a dim view of Molwantwa when it comes to goals scored but take heart in his selfless maneuvers on the field of play.
In modern Botswana football, Omaatla Kebatho of Orapa United and the late Oliver Phikati have all failed to rise to the occasion and with coaches not willing to give Teenage Orebonye enough opportunities, the Zebras’ striking situation has been a well-documented issue that portrays how and why The Zebras have failed to move up in the world rankings. JJ should have shown some of these players the ropes.
There seems to be no striker who will soon surpass Jay-Jay. The likes of Jomo Moatlhaping and Joel Mogorosi who have practically retired may have given the dominant striker a run for his money. Mogorosi is sitting third on the rankings with 14 goals from 79 appearances.
Only Onkabetse Makgantai can turn the tide on Jay-Jay’s story, should he come to the party. Onkabetse stands at 12 international caps with 5 goals, a far cry from what Jay-Jay resume reads. But in a squad that is losing its renowned defensive stability, Jerome can still score top marks in all aspects of the game, especially when he is working with a crafty midfielder.
Looking back at that goal reel, if ever there is one, in among the bullet headers, the tap-ins, the dinks and spins, there is a sense of man constructing a monument for himself. For Jay-Jay, the 2012 AFCON showpiece may have been the last significant mark to pass. One that may not, all things considered, be surpassed. All the hope we have on the current crop of strikers – just a shot in the dark!
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June 2018 | Award
Student Conservation Association to present Corporate Trailblazer Award to West Monroe
The Student Conservation Association (SCA), the national leader in youth service and stewardship, will present its Corporate Trailblazer Award to West Monroe Partners on Thursday, June 21st, in Seattle, Washington. The award recognizes businesses that demonstrate leadership, altruism, and innovation in “blazing new trails” to support SCA’s mission of transforming young lives through conservation service.
West Monroe Partners, a national business and technology consultancy, is a long-time SCA partner. Company executives have served on SCA’s board over the past decade, and West Monroe’s professional services have enabled SCA to substantially upgrade its internal systems and strengthen its youth capacity building initiatives. SCA and West Monroe employees regularly volunteer to enhance local parks and communities throughout the U.S., including earlier this month at the University District P-Patch Community Garden. The firm also has provided SCA with generous financial support for many years.
“West Monroe is honored to receive this award from SCA,” says Tom Bolger, West Monroe’s West Coast senior managing director and current SCA board member, in accepting the Trailblazer Award. “Our firm’s mission is to develop the next generation of leaders, and thus we feel strongly aligned with SCA’s work to develop leadership skills through hands-on conversation service. We feel privileged to support the organization so they can serve even more young leaders and protect our precious park lands.”
To read the entire release as issued by the Student Conservation Association, please visit the SCA website.
Christina Galoozis, cgaloozis@wmp.com
January 2021 | Award
Built In Honors West Monroe as a 2021 Best Place to Work in Chicago and Seattle
December 2020 | Award
West Monroe’s Adam Gersting Named to Dallas 500 Most Powerful Business Leaders in Dallas-Fort Worth by D CEO Magazine
West Monroe Named to Crain’s Annual List of Best Places to Work in New York City
Explore our latest news & events
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Formerly a primetime radio show on WPSC 88.7 FM, What's The Movement LLC(WTM) is a Jersey based Multi-Media Platform to showcase art, music and anything moving. The home of A-Side B-Side Podcast and Mood Room Sessions.
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Editorial: (Im)Mortal Men - @KendrickLamar by @RamseySaidWHAT
In: Ab-Soul, Ab-Soul's Outro, Dr. Dre By: Jonathan C. Ramsey
It's tough when the whole world sees you as Pac reincarnated....
In a world where Kendrick Lamar has been seen as "New Black" for some of his opinions on world matters, I think it's interesting. What makes K. Dot real is what he really wants for you. When most people give their opinion they are trying to enlighten you to their way of thinking and persuade you to be like them. In today's age people lean towards different rappers for different reasons, at least in this generation. Some listen to J. Cole because he has this amazing ability to make people relate to him. Between College life, Significant others, struggles with his mom, family, father or lack thereof you can really feel him. However Kendrick does the opposite and to me, that's amazing (to you that's a quick check with all disrespect..okay weak pun alert). "I've spent 23 years searching the world for answers til one day I realized I had to come up with my own (Ab Soul's Outro)."
You wanna know what makes Kendrick so great? He has this amazing ability to provoke ppl to create their own original thoughts. Not his.
— Jonathan from #WTM (@RamseySaidWHAT) March 19, 2015
I do not think To Pimp A Butterfly was the best album ever. I don't even think it was even better than GKMC. I think it was what was needed for what's going on in today's trying times. I chopped it up with some friends in the industry and lowkey I predicted that much for the album. I actually took it a little deeper. I explained that I thought he was gonna drop an album so deep it would kinda be like his eulogy.
Yes, I said Eulogy. Let me explain. We were seeing Kendrick so rough in between albums. He wasn't doing much press. He was only in studio, and not seen in the public eye too often. I imagine that has an effect on a young blogger like myself. He looked stressed, and not just for the album. I could see the pain in his eyes. It was the same pain I felt everyday watching the news or reading about another young black kid unjustly murdered by the police. Almost becoming a regular thing. The album was coming and people weren't exactly happy with Kendrick's comments regarding Ferguson and what's happening there. He then reminds us how important loving ourselves is when he recorded I. The messages conveyed kind of had a Dr. King essence. I compared it to how Martin gave his last speech I've Been to the Mountaintop. Visions of Martin Luther staring huh? Perhaps I was a little dramatic but that's just how I took it. Thank God I was wrong in that sense. I guess I'm too deep for the intro (If you've read this far I applaud you. I'm getting to the point soon.).
Kendrick once said Pac visited him in a dream urging K. Dot to never let his music die. That alone is the inspiration to the end of Mortal Man. Let's break it down. Kendrick is known for really deep Outros on his project with Hiiipower and Sing About Me respectively. Mortal Man is the same if not deeper. I think he took parts of both to complete an interview with Makaveli himself, Tupac Shakur. It was incredibly clever the way he took bits from past interviews and his own responses and questions to the immortal man. He starts by reading a poem to Pac then asks him about metaphors he once spoke. Kendrick asked about how he came up, his battles with stress, and his opinion on what's going on today. The part of the interview that stood out to me was the last bit about music being the only thing important thing we have left. Pac responds:
"Because it's spirits, we ain't really rappin' we just letting our dead homies tell stories for us."
The background music stops. Kendrick and myself both stunned only say one thing. "Damn." That kinda flashes back to Sing About Me on GKMC. "And if I die before your album drops POP! POP! POP! (gunfire*)...promise that you will sing about me." After the initial shocks wears off Kendrick reads another poem to Pac. This poem uses metaphors and analogies concerning a caterpillar and the journey to become a Butterfly like the title of the album. The poem generally sums up Kendrick's messages throughout. He pauses, and asks for his mentor's opinion. Sensei grew quiet.
"What's your perspective on that? Pac? Pac? Pac?"
No answer, like his friend in sing about me. Perhaps opinionated but that takes me to the before-mentioned quote in Ab Soul's Outro from Section 80 about coming up with your own answers.
Mortal Man seems to be a promise to 2Pac that his music will live on. His message will be conveyed if by no one else, Kendrick will do it himself. The two have outrageous similarities and mentors in Dr. Dre. I remember an old interview 2Pac once said "I'm not saying I'm going to change the world. But I guarantee I will spark the brain that will change the world..." Maybe that brain is Kendrick, maybe it's not. Hell maybe it's you and Kendrick is simply the channel to convey this communication. There's my opinion. It's time for yours' to be heard, that's what these Immortal Men want from you. I guess only time will tell. Keep that in mind and keep a lookout on the review of the entire album from one of our staff members soon.
P.S. Kendrick when your time is up we'll sing about you too. We owe you that much. Thank You.
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Labels: Ab-Soul, Ab-Soul's Outro, Dr. Dre, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., GKMC, Hiiipower, I, I've Been to the Mountaintop, J. Cole, Kendrick Lamar, Long Read, Opinion, Review, Section 80, Sing About Me, To Pimp a Butterfly
Jonathan C. Ramsey
Multimedia Journalist, Founder and Chief Editor of WTM Host of A-Side B-Side Podcast and more. I like to talk about stuff and write it down. Sometimes to a microphone. Either way, I need you to feel this.
Music, Art, Culture, Lifestyle, Forward Mobility What's the Movement began as a college radio show and small music blog hosted on tumblr. It's evolved into a multi-media platform currently hosting a Podcast, Web Series, Documentaries, and other programs in progress. We're more than just a blog. We are the filter for the masses. We are What's The Movement.
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Hi, I'm Jonathan C. Ramsey and I'm the founder/Chief Editor of WTM. I'm a Multi-Media Journalist, On-Air Personality, Disc Jockey, Podcast and Event Host. Most of all I'm a Son, Brother, and Friend. I like to talk about stuff and write it down. Sometimes behind a microphone. Either way, I need you to feel this.
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AECOM employees awarded Champion of Change, Project Team Collaboration and President's Award for outstanding achievement
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AECOM women honoured at Awards for Excellence
AECOM employees have won gold awards at The Consult Australia Awards for Excellence in Melbourne. Kerry van Donderen collected gold for Champion of Change - Female Leadership and Melanie Collett collected gold on behalf of the team which was recognised for Project Team Collaboration on the Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences Building project. Angie Hanson and Natalie Redmond were also acknowledged, receiving the President’s Award for chairing FutureNet in their respective regions, Townsville and Adelaide.
Consult Australia is the industry association for professional services firms within the built and natural environment including engineers, architects, project managers, planners, environmental scientists and quantity surveyors, among others. They exist to assist their member firms by offering a range of products and services to help them run their business, as well as acting as their collective advocate to government and other stakeholders in pursuit of a better operating environment and robust public policy for the built and natural environment.
The Consult Australia Awards is an annual event that provides a unique opportunity to profile and promote the outstanding achievements of Consult Australia’s member firms such as AECOM to the industry and community. Since their inception, the Awards have celebrated excellence in the delivery of individual projects.
Kerry, Civil Infrastructure Group Director at AECOM
Kerry leads a diverse and enthusiastic team of engineers, planners, designers, project managers and digital specialists who work in key sectors of Transport Planning and Advisory, Highways, Rail, Aviation, Ports, Defence, Urban Development, Water, Asset Management and Geotechnical Services.
She is a chartered civil engineer with over 20 years’ experience in the design and project management of major infrastructure projects, both in Australia and the UK. She has successfully managed integrated delivery project teams and is confident interacting with stakeholders and the broad community.
"I am an advocate for diversity in the workplace and flexible work practice," says Kerry. "I have been actively involved in promoting the participation of women into the consulting and engineering workforce, raising industry and community awareness of the role and contribution of women in the engineering profession, along with show casing achievements."
Melanie, Associate Director, Water Resource and Coastal Management at AECOM
Melanie has worked on a number of projects for AECOM. Her work covers all components of surface water investigations from undertaking specialist investigations for Environmental Effect Statements through to detailed design of drainage for construction. She has specialised in the areas of hydrologic and hydraulic modelling and the impacts of climate change. Melanie’s key skill is in the translation of complex technical problems and investigations into everyday language that can be understood and used by others. This is especially important when dealing with complicated issues such as flooding and coastal erosion and the impacts of climate change on these processes.
As the previous Team Leader of the Victorian Water Resources Team, Melanie grew the Water Resources team from one to more than ten people. She was responsible for the day to day management of the team including the recruitment and utilisation of staff. She developed and implemented a business strategy for the team, which included setting the direction for the team and undertaking business development. She was either the technical lead or technical reviewer for most work undertaken by the team.
Melanie’s project achievements are many and varied but three projects stand out as landmarks in her career; the Port Phillip Bay Climate Change Adaptation Project, the Portland to Narrawong Coastal Engineering Study and South Morang Rail Extension Alliance. These projects provided opportunities for Melanie to extend her current skills and understanding of surface water and the coastal impacts of climate change to create innovative solutions for projects with very different technical challenges.
Natalie, Acoustic Engineer at AECOM
Natalie works on large buildings projects and advises clients about the life of a project from an idea to a completed building. Natalie's experience and knowledge of building acoustics incorporates important considerations, such as whether children in a classroom will be able to hear their teachers or how to create noise barriers so nearby residents aren't disturbed by a mechanical plant. Natalie's projects are wide ranging, from road and rail to concerts and festivals.
"The tasks I enjoy the most are those related to projects with a clear social benefit," says Natalie. "I enjoy working on hospitals and schools because I feel like I am genuinely contributing to society in a positive way."
Join talented women like Kerry, Melanie, Angie and Natalie at AECOM
Women flourish at AECOM where their strengths are valued. Join the AECOM talent pool and see where your career may lead you.
Stay connected by subscribing to our monthly newsletter and following us on LinkedIn, Twitter, Instagram and Facebook.
Disclosure: Where Women Work researches and publishes insightful evidence about how its paid member organizations support women's equality.
Meet some of the impressive women working for AECOM
AECOM reinforces its equity, diversity & inclusion commitment
AECOM named among Top 100 Apprenticeship Employers
AECOM President Lara Poloni featured in Financial Review
"Never stop learning" says AECOM engineer, Puja Sapru
AECOM appoints Lydia Kennard to its Board of Directors
AECOM Director discusses infrastructure investment
AECOM ranks No. 1 in Top 200 Environmental Firms list
AECOM celebrates women’s achievements in STEM careers
AECOM executive discusses job creation opportunities for Texas
AECOM's Elvira Muñoz discusses rethinking design opportunities
AECOM Senior Creative Designer Lucy Brown applauded for talent
AECOM's Kim Timm wins SAPSA Woman Professional of the Year
AECOM celebrates International Women in Engineering Day
Lara Poloni is announced President of AECOM
AECOM reflects on International Women's Day celebrations
AECOM's Working Parents Webinars drive diversity & equality
AECOM's Jo Atkinson discusses finding and nurturing key talent
AECOM partners with female-only university in Saudi Arabia
AECOM colleagues share IWD #EachforEqual messages
AECOM hosts special IWD #EachforEqual podcast
AECOM’s Lauren Woodward helps further Peruvian girls’ education
AECOM is named as a Best Place to Work for LGBTQ equality
AECOM sees equal gender split on development program in UAE
Hear from an AECOM Director in the Middle East, Cathy Christer
AECOM Middle East architect Nikoleta designs, plans & creates
Urban Designer Doha is always learning with AECOM in the UAE
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Blake Shelton & Brad Paisley To Host Grand Ole Opry 95th Anniversary Special
Dad Finally Snapped, Imitates His Teenage Daughter’s TikTok Routine
Kane Brown Shares Unreleased New Song And It’s Straight Outta ’90s Country (No, Really)
Country MusicVideos
Well hell fire save matches, fuck a duck and see what hatches… Kane Brown just teased something that actually sounds like a country song.
He first shared this song early last year (which has since been deleted, like this one will be soon), but titled “Here’s To BFE,” it’s a straight out of 1995, honky tonk country jam.
Is it a bit corny? Sure… but so were half of the songs from ’90s that we all know and love. The point is, we got real drums, tasty fiddle licks, tons of that thing called steel guitar that you never hear on the radio anymore, an nice plucky guitar solo and a boot stompin’ beat… hot damn that’s a country song. One that I wouldn’t mind hearing on country radio, especially compared to his current single “Cool Again.”
Artists like Luke Combs, Jon Pardi, Ashley McBryde, and Cody Johnson have all seen their stock shoot through the roof in the past year or so and it’s not by accident, people are craving that old country sound. Even the stuff Thomas Rhett has been teasing lately has fans begging for his return to country music. And it just might happen…
So Kane, listen to the people… skip the R&B boyfriend country crap, put out more of this, and actual country music fans will thank you for it.
And ps… we’re still blocked.
The best 90’s country apparel…ever. SHOP HERE.
Country MusicFeaturedKane BrownVideo
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Hyacinthus orientalis 'Yellowstone'
Email me when item is in stock:
SKU: F320224
Common Name: Hyacinth
Hardiness Zone: 4-8S/W Exposure: Sun
Blooms In: Apr-May
Mature Height: 10" Spacing: 5"
Read our Growing Guide Ships as: BULB
Fragrance: Yes Deer Resistance: Yes
6 for $12.00 total 12 for $23.50 total
Need more quantities?
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Delivery Date Ships at the right time for fall planting
The sunny color is a tonic when it appears in early spring, and it pairs beautifully with pink and white varieties.
Over centuries of breeding to increase the size, abundance, and color range of Hyacinth flowers, one thing remained the same—their rich perfume. Modern varieties can look a little stiff if they’re lined up in the garden, so spread them around, combining them with Pansies and shorter Tulips. Plant the bulbs in full sun and rich, well-drained soil that stays warm and dry in summer when the bulbs are dormant. Order extra to force indoors in winter.
For more information on growing Hyacinth, click Growing Guide.
Latin Name Pronunciation: hye-uh-sin'thuss or-ee-en-tal'iss
If we were taking bets on the most ravishing perfume of the spring garden, we'd back the Hyacinth. The heady fragrance of a handful of Hyacinths in full bloom is enough to sweeten a whole yard; a single pot of Hyacinths will fill your house.
Bulb size: 16-17 cm
Light: Most bulbs flower best in full sun (6 hours or more of direct sunlight per day) but tolerate light shade. They can thrive under deciduous trees, provided root competition is not too severe and the bulbs receive at least a half-day (3–4 hours) of sunlight after the trees leaf out.
Planting: Please note—Hyacinths bulbs may cause skin irritation in some people, so we recommend wearing gloves when handling. Bulbs are easy to plant. With a trowel or a bulb planter, dig a hole to the depth indicated on the plant label (about 6″ deep; use the label, which is 6″ long, as a rough measuring stick). Set the bulb in the hole with the flat side down and pointed end up. After you've placed the bulb in the hole, fill the hole with soil and water thoroughly.
Watering: Although there may be no signs of life above ground, bulbs begin sending out roots soon after planting -- as long as the soil is sufficiently moist. Unless you expect a soaking rain within a day or two of planting, we recommend that you water thoroughly after you plant. Water newly planted bulbs again only if rainfall is scarce. Once established, most bulbs want ample moisture— ½–1″ of rain per week—while in active growth (which begins in fall, slows or stops in winter, and resumes in late winter or early spring) and require soil that is on the dry side during summer dormancy. Do not plant bulbs near soaker hoses or sprinklers.
Fertilizer/Soil and pH: Hyacinth bulbs require soil that drains well the year round. To improve the drainage of heavy soil, dig in organic matter such as compost, aged manure, leaf-mold, peat moss, or (in the South) shredded pine bark. If you garden in very heavy clay, consider constructing raised beds to provide well-drained conditions. Hyacinths tolerate acid soil but thrive in neutral to slightly alkaline soil. The best time to fertilize bulbs is in fall, when they are sending out new roots. The next best time to fertilize is in early spring, just as the foliage begins to push through the soil. We recommend using a slow-release fertilizer formulated especially for bulbs, such as a granular Daffodil fertilizer. It's an easy matter to apply the fertilizer to the surface of the soil above the bulbs after planting and then every fall thereafter. We do not recommend using bone meal. It contains only one primary nutrient (phosphorus) and attracts dogs and rodents, which may dig up the bulbs.
Bloom time: The bloom times printed on our labels are typical of bulbs grown in Litchfield, Connecticut. Where spring comes earlier, bloom will generally be earlier. Likewise, in colder climates, flowering will be delayed. Please note that the first spring after planting, most bulbs (particularly those imported from cool-summer climates such as those of Holland and England) bloom later than established bulbs of the same variety. This is not unusual. In subsequent years, they will bloom at the appointed time.
Dormancy: Most of the bulbs we offer go dormant within about 8–12 weeks after flowering. The period between the end of flowering and the withering of the foliage is crucial to the future vigor of the plant. If you cut, fold, or braid the leaves before they have yellowed and collapsed, you may prevent the bulb from storing the energy required to bloom the following year. You can hide curing foliage by interplanting bulbs with leafy perennials such as Hostas, Daylilies, and Ferns or with annuals or ground covers. If you plant bulbs in a lawn, do not mow the grass until the bulb foliage begins to yellow.
Transplanting and dividing: The best time to move or divide bulbs is when their foliage has all but withered, signaling the end of active growth. Lift them with a digging fork or a spade, taking care to avoid injuring the bulbs, and replant them immediately at the same depth and about three times their diameter apart.
Winter protection: In Zone 6 (-10°F) and colder, all bulbs planted at a depth of less than 6″ benefit from winter protection. The purpose of winter protection is to prevent bulbs from being heaved out of the ground by the alternate thawing and freezing of the soil in winter. To prevent heaving, put a 4–6″ layer of loose organic material such as straw, oak leaves, or evergreen boughs (cut into 1–2′ lengths) over the ground after the ground freezes (generally in December here in Litchfield). Remove this winter cover gradually in late winter or early spring.
Pests: Bulbs as a group are not much troubled by insects or diseases, but in some areas, rodents or deer may eat the bulbs, foliage, or flowers.
Forcing Cold-Hardy Bulbs: Many spring-flowering bulbs can be tricked or "forced" to bloom indoors in winter, providing color and fragrance when few plants are stirring outdoors. "Rooting time" refers to the amount of time during which cold-hardy bulbs must be kept cold (about 40°F) and moist before they can be brought into bloom.
Containers and potting mix: You can use any pot you like to hold bulbs for forcing, as long as it allows room for root growth—about 3–4″ of space below the bulbs. If you choose a pot without a drainage hole in the bottom, you'll have to water your bulbs very carefully; bulbs sitting in soggy potting mix soon rot. We recommend that you force bulbs in a soilless potting mix (available at garden centers and hardware stores). A soilless mix holds moisture but allows excess water to drain away readily.
Potting the bulbs: To pot the bulbs, begin by placing potting mix in a plastic tub or bucket. Slowly add water and stir until the mix is moist but not soggy. Add moistened mix to the container until the container is about ½ full. Set the bulbs with the flat side down on top of the mix. Space the bulbs much more closely than you would in the garden; they should almost touch. Then add more mix to cover the bulbs. Cover the bulbs up to their necks, leaving the tips of the bulbs exposed. Water thoroughly after potting.
Chilling the bulbs: To force cold-hardy bulbs into bloom, you must first encourage them to produce new roots by keeping them cold and moist for a period of time that varies by type of bulb (12–14 weeks for Hyacinths). The ideal rooting temperature also varies, but most bulbs flower best if stored at 40–60°F for the first 3–4 weeks after potting, then at 32–40°F for the balance of the cooling period—a shift that mimics the drop in soil temperature outdoors as fall turns to winter.
You can also chill bulbs in a cold basement, an unheated garage (provided the temperature doesn't fall below freezing), or a refrigerator. In such locations, it may be difficult to arrange for the shift in temperature described above, but most bulbs will root properly if the temperature does not stray too far above or below 40°F during the rooting time.
If rodents have access to your bulbs, they may devour them, so protect potted bulbs with steel mesh or another barrier that still allows air circulation.
Please note that moisture is as important as temperature in the successful chilling of bulbs. Check the potting mix in the pots every few weeks and water thoroughly when the surface of the mix is dry to the touch.
Toward the end of the recommended rooting time, begin checking the pots for signs that the bulbs have rooted. If you see fleshy white roots poking through the drainage holes in the bottom of the pots, the bulbs are usually ready to bloom. If you don't see roots, give the bulbs more time in cold storage. Don't judge readiness by the appearance of shoots from the tops of the bulbs; without roots, the bulbs won't flower properly.
Once the bulbs have rooted, you don't have to bring them out of the cold immediately. Most tolerate extra chilling time, allowing you to orchestrate a succession of winter bloom.
Bringing the bulbs into bloom: When the bulbs have rooted, bring the pots out of cold storage and set them in a bright window in a cool room (one where the temperature stays below 65°F). Bright light will help keep the leaves and flower stems compact; in weak light, they tend to flop. You are likely to find that the bulbs have produced white shoots during cold storage. Sunlight quickly turns them green.
Keep a close eye on the moisture needs of the bulbs as they send up leaves and flower stems. Initially, the bulbs probably won't need to be watered more often than once a week (if that much), but by the time they bloom, you may need to water them every day or two.
Most bulbs will bloom 2–5 weeks after they come out of the cold, heralding spring with their bright colors and sweet fragrances. Duration of bloom varies with the type of bulb and the variety but is generally shorter than you'd expect of bulbs in the garden. Warm temperatures and low humidity indoors speed the decline of the flowers. Keeping the pots out of direct sunlight and moving them to a cool room at night helps prolong bloom.
When the blooms fade, we recommend that you toss the bulbs on the compost pile. If you keep them in a sunny window and continue to water them, forced bulbs can be planted in the garden after the threat of hard frost has passed, but they won't bloom well again for at least 2 years. It's better, in our view, simply to buy enough bulbs for planting indoors and out.
Forcing Hyacinths without soil: Hyacinth bulbs can be forced in pebbles and water, or in glass jars. They still require a cool rooting period if forced this way. Special forcing glasses, in use since Victorian days, are shaped like an hourglass and keep the bottom of the bulb dry—only the bulb's roots reach down into the water. Then place the container in a dark, cool area (40–50° F) for 4–8 weeks. Check the water level occasionally and add more water as necessary, keeping the water level below the bottom of the bulb. When roots have developed and the leaves begin to grow, it is time to move the bulb into a bright window in a cool room (one where the temperature stays below 65°F). Bulbs forced in water can be planted in the garden after the threat of hard frost has passed, but they won't bloom well again for at least 2 years.
How to Force Bulbs in Glass Containers and Vases
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Potters Bar News
Welwyn Garden City News
Welwyn News
Hatfield News
News Potters Bar News Things to do Sport Lifestyle E-Edition
Welwyn Hatfield Times > News
Welwyn Garden City Football Club stadium approved
Published: 7:01 AM March 20, 2009 Updated: 7:56 PM November 3, 2020
A FOOTBALL club threatened with relegation if it does not improve its ground, has had plans approved. WGC FC now faces a race against time to build a 100-seater stand, with covered terracing for a further 100 supporters. The plans were given the go-ahead
A FOOTBALL club threatened with relegation if it does not improve its ground, has had plans approved.
WGC FC now faces a race against time to build a 100-seater stand, with covered terracing for a further 100 supporters.
The plans were given the go-ahead by Welwyn Hatfield Council officers yesterday afternoon (Thursday).
The team plays in the Premier Division of the Spartan South Midlands League and has until March 31 to comply with the FA's rules.
Film | Video
When Spielberg and Tom Hanks came to Hatfield for filming
Alan Davies
GP practice vaccinated 1,000 people in first week
Headteacher 'very proud' of 'healthy and balanced' free school meal hampers
Police appeal for public information after puppy found dead on A414
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VERIFY: Is there an official way for the National Guard to accept food donations?
DC residents get visits from FBI as agents track cell phones that pinged near the Capitol
Riding in on a wave of firsts | Kamala Harris makes history
No more delays: What to know about the July 15 tax deadline
Taxpayers must file or seek an extension by the new deadline or face a penalty.
Published: 1:19 PM EDT July 14, 2020
Updated: 4:14 AM EDT July 15, 2020
It’s time to do your taxes — no more delays.
As the coronavirus pandemic took hold this spring, the federal government postponed the traditional April 15 filing deadline until July 15.
The move provided some economic and logistical relief for taxpayers dealing with the disruptions and uncertainty brought on by lockdowns, school closures and shuttered businesses. But now that new deadline is today.
Taxpayers must file or seek an extension by the new deadline or face a penalty. The IRS is expecting about 150 million returns from individuals and as of last count, it had received almost 142 million.
So for those of you still waiting to file, make a payment or with other questions, a few answers:
DO I HAVE TO?
Yes. In most cases, you must file and pay your taxes by July 15.
Taxpayers who need more time can request an extension on the IRS website. That will give them until Oct. 15 to file. However, an extension to file does not mean added time to pay. So those planning on filing later should estimate what they owe and make that payment by July 15.
I CAN'T PAY NOW, WHAT DO I DO?
Go ahead and file your taxes even if you cannot pay.
The IRS is willing to set up payment plans or make other arrangements with taxpayers who cannot pay in full. Many of those can be set up online. And the penalty for failure to file will be much more expensive than the failure to pay, says Kathy Pickering, chief tax officer at H&R Block.
The IRS is still processing and issuing refunds, most within 21 days.
Those getting refunds will be paid interest, dating back to April 15, if they file on time. The interest rate is 5% per year through June 30. Starting July 1, it drops to 3% per year. The interest is compounded daily for refunds. Any refund issued after July 1 will get a blended rate.
I DON'T WANT TO GO TO ANYWHERE. CAN I DO THIS ONLINE?
Yes, you can file or pay your taxes online — in fact, it could be the way to go to avoid a delayed refund for 2019. The IRS urges taxpayers to use electronic options to support social distancing and speed the processing of returns, refunds or payments. The agency is still working its way through an estimated backlog of 12 million pieces of mail that built up during its closure in response to the pandemic.
Accountants and tax preparation services say they have a variety of means to help people prepare their taxes without meeting face to face.
WHAT ABOUT ESTIMATED TAXES?
Taxpayers who make estimated quarterly tax payments have until July 15 to make the payments for the first and second quarter. Those were originally due on April 15 and June 15 respectively.
There are a host of other tax deadlines linked to July 15. Check out the IRS website or reach out to a tax professional for answers to your specific question.
One worth noting is that July 15 is also the deadline to claim a refund for 2016 tax returns. An estimated $1.5 billion refunds for 2016 are sitting unclaimed because people failed to file tax returns. The law provides a three-year window of opportunity to claim a refund. But if taxpayers do not file a return within that time, the money becomes property of the Treasury. There is no penalty to file a later return if a refund is due.
It's also a good time to check in with a tax professional if you have had a major shift in income, employment or other tax situations in 2020. With all the changes stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, there may be need for added help when it comes to taxes.
"Reach out to (your tax professional) about what 2020 is going to look like," says Michael Eisenberg, a CPA and attorney at Squar Milner in Los Angeles.
RELATED: Here are some Tax Day tips for last minute filers
RELATED: $600 extra unemployment benefit ends sooner than some might think
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Take It On
Political division and polarization has become more intense both on a national level and in our local communities. We often avoid and demonize those who disagree with us.
At Xavier, we believe we can and must do better. We model how to live out a thriving democracy: We seek out difference with the aim of listening, respecting, and being open to learning from each other. We explore common ground when discussing controversial topics so that our students may learn to engage in difficult dialogue with others in a civil, productive manner. We promote robust, peaceful engagement with politics. While we welcome a variety of opinions, we hold certain values to be central to this project:
Name the problem: We are concerned about the divisive and polarizing political and societal challenges that we face.
Leverage our Jesuit Catholic heritage: We draw on the gifts and values of our Jesuit Catholic heritage, including the dignity of the human person and value of the liberal arts education.
Build on our resources: We draw on and expand the resources of our faculty, staff, administrators and students, University policies and community partners.
Act with humility and courage: We know we will make mistakes but are convinced that we must speak and act on our convictions while listening to, showing respect for, and being open to learning from others.
Keep our community at the center: Our students are at the center of this project; in order to support our and educate our students, faculty and staff need to be fully invested as well. This project is about our community, including the need to belong and be included, to engage with ideas that challenge, to grow in our capacity to articulate our own positions and values.
We invite you to get involved. Our goal is to build the campus capacity to face divisive challenges. We began in early 2020 with identifying and scheduling speakers on topics that challenge us and create opportunities for growth for all of us. We also curated and created resources and training to support better dialogue.
The need for proactive engagement across difference and divide only became sharper over the course of 2020, as our country and our campus took further needed steps to dismantle structural anti-Black racism, as we continued to live with COVID-19, and as we underwent an election season that sought to divide us and demonize each other.
With so much at stake, and so many pressing issues on all of us, we focused on two goals in Fall 2020:
Develop and promote The Xavier Way for Dialogue: A Shared Vision to Strengthen our Community
Use the short-form Tools for a Healthy Conversation Dialogue Cards as appropriate in class, offices, programs or committees. We have two versions: Dialogue Cards 1 and Dialogue Cards 2.
Engage and process the November 3 general election as a campus community
Support members of the Xavier community who would like to work at the polls on November 3.
Encourage the Xavier community to make a plan to vote with these non-partisan guides: this poster (by student designer Ashley Ohmer, working with the Office of Student Involvement) or these detailed PowerPoint slides (by student Peter Korchak).
The Xavier Way for Dialogue: A Shared Vision to Strengthen our Community, developed in conversation with faculty and staff across the University, offers ten norms as shared commitments for deepening and broadening the bonds of our campus community. This document was developed in early 2020 by Marcus Mescher, Associate Professor of Christian Ethics (Theology), in consultation with the faculty, staff and students on the Take It On 2020 Council, the Center for Diversity and Inclusion, the Office of Institutional Diversity and Inclusion, Mission and Identity, the Ethics/Religion and Society program, the Staff Advisory Committee, the Center for Faith and Justice, Residence Life and the College of Arts and Sciences Diversity & Inclusion Committee.
The challenge is great. The time is now. We're ready to Take It On.
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Download Windows 10 Service Pack Latest Version
June 24, 2020 by Paul Brown
If you are a long time Windows user, you might remember the Service Packs, that used to be released by Microsoft for Windows 2000, XP, Vista, and 7.
From Windows 8 onwards, Microsoft has scrapped the Service Pack program and replaced it with the builds. The last Service Pack was released for Windows 7 in the year 2011 which was recognised as Service Pack 1 (SP1). For Windows 8, instead of Service Packs, Microsoft released two major updates – “Windows 8.1″ and “Windows 8.1 with update.“
What was Windows Service Pack?
Windows Service Packs were basically the bundle of small patches and new features that used to be combined with previous versions of Windows, that makes the operating system more stable and reliable. They used to include performance and security improvements and support for the new hardware.
Instead of installing hundreds of small updates, Service Pack provided a way to install all of them in a single patch.
Windows as a Service
After the failure of Windows 8, Microsoft launched a new service model known as Windows as a Service (WaaS) for Windows 10. It means that instead of introducing a new version of Windows OS every three years, Microsoft would periodically provide updates to Windows 10 to improve its performance and speed up the integration of the latest features and reduce the strain of getting a new OS.
As a part of this new service model, Windows 10 users get two types of updates, Feature updates, which are provided two times in a year and Quality or Cumulative Updates, which are provided on every second Tuesday of the month.
What are Windows Builds?
As mentioned before, Windows Build is Microsoft’s new way of providing the feature updates of its operating system. Service Packs does not exist from Windows 8 onwards. For Windows 10, every year, Microsoft releases two major builds. Microsoft has already said that currently, there is no new version of Windows is on the cards, so Windows 10 is here to stay for a long.
How are Builds different than Service Pack?
Builds could be said as the entire new version of Windows. Therefore switching from Windows 10 version 1909 to Windows 10 version 2004 is quite similar to switching from Windows 8 to Windows 8.1.
While Service Packs used to contain all the small or big upgrades, build just includes the major feature updates. Other than that, Microsoft regularly releases quality or cumulative updates for improving bugs and security.
In Windows 10, instead of saying “You now have a Service Pack installed”, the build number is changed to indicate the major update is installed.
When Windows 10 was initially released, it was “Build 10240.” If you want to check the current build number of your Windows 10, type “winver” in the Windows search bar.
In our system, currently, the build is “Build 18363.836”, and the version is 1909.
Windows Service Packs could be uninstalled from the Control Panel. However, builds cannot be uninstalled like that. For that, you have to navigate to Settings -> Update & Security -> Recovery
You can roll-back to the previous build, but that option is available till 10 days after updating to the latest one. It is because, after 10 days, Windows automatically remove the old files and downgrade would not be possible.
Windows Latest Service Pack Download
Download Latest Build For Windows 10
Recently Microsoft introduced the new build for Windows 10 known as Windows 10 version 2004. It is Build 19041.329. If your device is compatible, then you can easily install this latest Windows version, either from Update & Security settings or from this page and install it manually.
Download Latest Build For Windows 8
If you want to get the latest update for your Windows 8 system, then the best way to do that is through Windows Update settings.
Other than that, you can also download it from here and manually install it.
Download Latest Service Pack for Windows 7, Windows XP, and Windows Vista
You can download the latest Service Packs for Windows 7, Windows XP, and Windows Vista from the table below. However, it is recommended to upgrade to Windows 10, instead of older Windows versions because Microsoft has stopped supporting them and providing security upgrades. Currently, only Windows 8.1 and Windows 10 are getting support.
Operating System Service Pack Size (in MB) Download
Windows 7 SP1 317 32-bit
SP1 477 64-bit
Windows Vista SP2 475.5 32-bit
SP2 577.4 64-bit
Windows XP SP3 316.4 32-bit
5 Features which make Windows 10 better than Windows 7
Windows 10 Service Pack FAQs
Does Windows 10 have a service pack?
NO. Windows 10 does not have a Service Pack. Microsoft has removed the Service Packs starting from Windows 8. However, with Windows as a Service (WaaS), Windows 10 users are getting frequent updates.
How do I update my Windows 10?
For updating Windows 10, you can either navigate to the Update settings in Windows 10 or manually download and install update from Microsoft’s official site.
What is the purpose of Windows as a service?
Starting from Windows 10, Microsoft scrapped the idea of launching new version of Windows and instead launched the Windows as a Service for providing frequent updates to the Windows 10 users.
5 thoughts on “Download Windows 10 Service Pack Latest Version”
Any news on winver 2004 fault.; optimise and defrag “continuous”.
…when my defrag and optimisation is done I check and it still needs doing. This is ddirectly after I`ve done the process.
Federico Duchini
Windows 10 è un’ottimo software, io lo trovo molto intuitivo e stabile, come lo era Windows 7
WinSoulDestruction
Any ”fixes” for the lack of attention Windows 10 seems to have buried it’s head in the sand about with regards constant audio crackling, audio drop-outs, and USB tether to Android for internet connection constantly/randomly disconnecting?
All of which, no matter what so-called ”fixes” i read about say, just never work for me?
Very soul-destroying until i can afford to build my own PC.
worth mentioning, i have set all power options to maximum, tried slow and fast startup (slow disables ability to have audio for some reason, which is my main reason for having a PC as i use music production software and hardware), and can never enter BIOS setup menu no matter what instructions i follow.
Also sometimes occasionally, sometimes often, it boots my Roland MX-1 performance mixer’s audio card off, and throws me back to HighDef or Realtek audio whenever it wants!
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Soaring Insurance Premiums – Can Anything be Done?
Everyone’s insurance has doubled in the past five years and operators often feel powerless in their relationship with insurers.
Operators throughout the aviation industry will tell you that insurance
rates are finally leveling off. But is ‘leveling off’ enough?
have been reasonably steady for the past two years, “but they’re still
outrageous,” said Mark Holmes, director of flight operations for
Southern Skies Aviation in Penticton, BC. “I pay a third of the value
of one of my aircraft, and that’s ridiculous,” he said, adding that “it
doesn’t take much investigation” to find out why rates have been so
high. He maintains that insurers have been covering investment losses
by keeping premiums high. “It was the stock market, and they blew it.”
Several other operators across Canada agreed with Holmes’ assessment,
but did not want to go on record for fear of reprisal from the
insurance industry. Many saw their rates jump year after year, despite
a lack of claims or accidents, which insurers often cite as a reason
for raising premiums.
“I don’t think insurers understand the
pressure that’s on small operators,” said Patricia Kennedy, manager of
Pacific Flying Club in Vancouver. “Costs per hour have gone up 400 to
500 per cent in some cases since the late 1990s Everyone’s insurance
has doubled in the past five years.” Kennedy believes that these rate
jumps, along with a dwindling number of hours being spent in the sky,
have become deadly for smaller operators. Operators also feel a lack of
power in their relationship with insurers. “We have no recourse against
their games,” said Dean Mortimer, owner of Cloud Air in Port Carling,
Ontario. “Last year we didn’t get a quote until 20 days after the
renewal date.”
Stu Fairchild of Truro Flying Club in Nova Scotia
said he has had better luck with insurance, although he saw the same
rate climb at the beginning of the decade. “They’ve probably leveled
out, but overall they’re at a higher peak.” Fairchild said that by
keeping their noses clean, his group has avoided skyrocketing premiums.
“Being accident-free, it seems to have gone over the peak and back down
again.” But due to the nature of his business as a flying school,
liability is always going to be an issue in an insurer’s eyes. Along
with raising deductibles, Fairchild said he could keep his premiums
down by “raising the experience level of our pilots, but of course
that’s not applicable here,” as the school has many novices taking its
planes out.
For Gareth Knott, account executive with insurer
Dulude, Taylor Inc. of Montreal, the stock market pitfalls of insurers
are a bit overblown. “Obviously everyone’s read the problems the big
brokers have had, but honestly I don’t think it affected aviation too
much.” Knott said it is difficult to predict what will happen to rates
until the big airlines renew their policies at the end of the year, as
that is where most of the industry’s money comes from, but he did not
see a drop in store.
Bill James, managing director of insurance
brokerage Marsh Canada in Calgary, agreed, noting that “the drivers are
safety and training and losses; the only caveat is if you have major
airline losses, everyone is affected.” James believes it is up to
operators to keep themselves in a good position ratewise, and that the
breaks will follow. “As long as operators are continuing to improve
those standards, it takes care of itself,” he said. “The insurance
market will punish operators who have losses and at the same time they
will try to reward those who do not. If the industry is making money
they tend to reward those doing well.”
Pacific Flying Club’s
Kennedy is skeptical. “The story varies, there isn’t a consistent
answer,” she said. “If you have a good claims record, they blame it on
a hard market tied into the world aviation market, and if you have
losses, they blame it on your record.” Despite her suspicions, Kennedy
noted that her vigilance may have paid off this year, as her group got
some good rate news.
“We’ve been told to expect a small
decrease.” Cloud Air’s Mortimer, on the other hand, noted that his
company hasn’t had a commercial crash in 65 years (and only one in
training), but his options are still limited. “They have a complete
monopoly,” he said. “We have to have insurance.” But the relationship
between operators and insurers isn’t always adversarial. Julie Pomeroy
of Brampton Flight School in Ontario has been working closely with her
brokerage house to bring down rates, and has seen positive results.
“They go out of their way to give us extra service.” Pomeroy said a
risk management assessment was a key in starting to reduce premiums.
“Certainly for us, reducing incidents and breaking a cycle of incidents
in the field” was important. Other factors included operational skills
within the organization, acquiring knowledgeable managers and generally
having “your house in order,” she said.
“I think this is the
time for operators to get all their ducks in a row,” said Paul
Hamilton, aviation VP for PSA Insurance Brokers Ltd., the firm that
handles Pomeroy’s group. Hamilton suggests that operators get “a broker
who can deal on a national basis. Aviators by nature travel long
distances.” Hamilton also pointed to an insurer’s claims policy as a
key thing to look at when selecting a firm. “You want quick and fair
claims payments even if premiums may be higher,” he said, adding that
“the longer it takes to fix an aircraft, the more money that operator
is losing.” Hamilton believes that property and casualty insurance is
important along with the standard aviation insurance. “These guys run
hangars and cars,” he noted.
But many operators complain that
their choices among insurance firms are simply too limited. “Once you
put your contract on the market, you’re shut down,” said Holmes of
Southern Skies, while Truro Flying Club’s Fairchild added that “we all
end up talking to the same two or three companies.” For Marsh’s James,
the problem is a simple case of economics. “Right now it’s a case of
supply and demand,” he said, adding that when the industry is making
money, there will naturally be pressure on terms, rates and conditions.
organization that is trying to bridge the gap between operators and
insurers is the Air Transport Association of Canada, which has been
working on several initiatives to improve the aviation industry as a
whole through training and understanding. “The principal concern we
have is the number of repetitive accidents in the general aviation
market,” said Glenn Priestley, vice-president of fixed-wing air taxi
and flight training for ATAC. “Obviously if we don’t crash, we don’t
exceed our premium pool,” he added. Priestley pointed to ATAC’s
best-practices manual as one of the initiatives the group is
spearheading to bring down incidents, and in turn bring down premiums.
The key is getting operators to look at flying procedures from a
different angle. “Just because we’ve done something the same way since
World War II, doesn’t mean it’s the best way to do it.”
advised operators to build a relationship with their insurers and not
just go for the lowest price. “We’re always looking for the lowest
costs in this industry,” he noted, adding that “one of the biggest
mistakes is jumping around from broker to broker. You can only go so
low.”
Instead, Priestley suggested that operators go into
meetings with all their numbers on the table, including an up-todate
business plan. Also important is finding an insurer who knows your
specific field of aviation. Priestley noted that it isn’t very helpful
to talk to an airline specialist if you are in general aviation.
Similarly, Hamilton of PSA noted that “if you’re a float operator, you
want an insurer with experience in float operations;” operators should
find an insurer with “a proven appetite for your type of business.”
the end, Priestley said, he is optimistic about the future of premiums.
“Insurance is a cyclical business,” he said. “We seem to be going into
a period where there’s more liquidity in the market, so things should
be going down.” Whether they go down enough for Canadian operators,
however, is the big question.
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Coming up Soon
COVID-19 in Wisconsin: 5,512 deaths 46 MIN Breaking News: Useful links: Applying for jobs, unemployment & resources Breaking News: Events, attractions canceled or postponed by coronavirus Breaking News: Sign up for our Coronavirus & Rossen Reports Newsletters <% if ( weatherAlerts > 0 ) { %> Severe Weather <% var weatherAlertsMessage = "There " + ( weatherAlerts > 1 ? "are" : "is" ) + " currently " + weatherAlerts + " active weather " + ( weatherAlerts > 1 ? "alerts" : "alert" ); %>
Districts plan for coronavirus cases when students go back to class
Burlington Area School District says it will seek health department guidance if there are multiple COVID-19 cases
Updated: 10:25 PM CDT Aug 4, 2020
Caroline Reinwald
WOULD IT TAKE TO CLOSE THE SCHOOLS THERE? CAROLINE: THE SUPERINTENDENCE SAYS THEY WILL RESPOND UNIQUELY TO EACH CASE AND THAT LIKELY WILL NOT BE THE STUDENTS THAT WILL SHUT DOWN THE DISTRICT, IT WOULD BE THE STAFF. THE BURLINGTON AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT SUPERINTENDENT DOES NOT HAVE A SPECIFIC ANSWER AS TO WHEN THEY WOULD SHUT DOWN IN THE EVENT OF A COVID BREAKOUT IN SCHOOL. >> AT LEAST INITIALLY, PERHAPS THE MOST ACCURATE ANSWER IS IT’S YET TO BE SEEN. CAROLINE CURRENTLY THE PLAN IS : TO SEND PRE-K THROUGH 6TH GRADE STUDENTS BACK TO FULL TIME, IN-PERSON LEARNING SPREAD OUT BETWEEN ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOLS. SECONDARY AGED STUDENTS LEARN FROM HOME HALF THE WEEK, IN PERSON AT THE HIGH SCHOOL THE OTHER HALF. BASED OFF THE COUNTY REOPENING GUIDELINES, CURRENTLY IN A HIGH RISK CATEGORY THE DISTRICT IS GOING AGAINST RECOMENDATIONS. BUT THE SUPERINTENDENT INSISTS, IF THERE WAS A BREAKOUT OF CASES, THEY’D TURN TO THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT FOR GUIDANC >> THE GREATER LIKLIHOOD IS WE WOULD HAVE TO CLOSE A CLASSROOM OR A SCHOOL OR THE WHOLE DISTRICT DOWN AS A RESULT OF NOT HAVING STAFF. THAT IF STAFF ARE SICK, THAT PERCENTAGE THRESHOLD OF WHAT WE CAN ACTUALLY MANAGE WITHOUT THEIR PRESENCE IS DIFFERENT THAN IF STUDENTS WERE OUT. CAROLINE: HOW MANY PEOPLE IN ONE CLASS OR IN ONE SCHOOL WOULD NEED TO TEST POSITIVE BEFORE Y MAKE THE DECISION? >> I KNOW IF WE HAVE A TEACHER THATS OUT SICK OR TESTS POSITIVE, I WOULD THINK THATS PRETTY COMPELLING. DERRICK: -- PATRICK: CAROLINE, BURLINGTON ISN’T THE ONLY DISTRICT BRINGING STUDENTS BACK TO CLASS IN THE FALL. WHAT ABOUT OTHER DISTRICTS? CAROLINE: THE OAK CREEK AND OCONOMOWOC ALSO PLAN ON BRINGING STUDENTS BACK FOR IN PERSON LEARNING. I’VE REACHED OUT TO THOSE DISTRICTS MULTIPLE TIMES
School districts that are planning to hold in-person classes this fall are also prepping to shut down if there are confirmed positive cases within the schools. Continuing Coverage: Coronavirus in WisconsinDr. Steve Plank, superintendent for the Burlington Area School District, said it will depend on many factors before they would decide to shut down. "At least initially, perhaps the most accurate answer is it's yet to be seen," Plank said. "The greater likelihood is we would have to close a classroom or a school or the whole district down as a result of not having staff. That if staff are sick, that percentage threshold of what we can actually manage without their presence is different than if students were out."Currently, BASD's plan is to send Pre-K through sixth grade students back to school for in-person learning five days a week, spread out through the schools in the district. Secondary age students would learn in-person two days a week and virtually three days a week. "We moved all of our middle school kids to our high school and in order to achieve a building utilization that is only at half capacity, we've got all grades seven through 12 there, but only half of them there at any given time," Plank said. "Our high school can accommodate about 1,600 students and there won't ever be about more than 700 in the building." Plank said they are using recommendations from local and state health officials, but the current recommendation by the Central Racine County Health Department places Racine County in a high-risk category and only recommends virtual learning."Every possible operational detail has been rethought and re-imagined," Plank said.Plank said if there are multiple positive COVID-19 cases in a school, they would follow guidance from the health department. "I know if we have a teacher that's out sick or tests positive, I would think that's pretty compelling, and at that point we would be asking for direction from just about anyone to support our decision to either leave that class, or come together or to say it's time to just stop," Plank said. "It's kind of hard to speculate not really knowing what the details of the situation are."Other districts planning on full time, in-person learning in the fall include Oconomowoc and Oak Creek-Franklin school districts. WISN 12 News reached out repeatedly to each district but never received a response to our requests for comment. Sign up for coronavirus email alerts from WISNGet breaking news alerts with the WISN 12 app.Follow us: Facebook | Twitter | Instagram | YouTube
BURLINGTON, Wis. —
School districts that are planning to hold in-person classes this fall are also prepping to shut down if there are confirmed positive cases within the schools.
Dr. Steve Plank, superintendent for the Burlington Area School District, said it will depend on many factors before they would decide to shut down.
"At least initially, perhaps the most accurate answer is it's yet to be seen," Plank said. "The greater likelihood is we would have to close a classroom or a school or the whole district down as a result of not having staff. That if staff are sick, that percentage threshold of what we can actually manage without their presence is different than if students were out."
Currently, BASD's plan is to send Pre-K through sixth grade students back to school for in-person learning five days a week, spread out through the schools in the district.
Secondary age students would learn in-person two days a week and virtually three days a week.
"We moved all of our middle school kids to our high school and in order to achieve a building utilization that is only at half capacity, we've got all grades seven through 12 there, but only half of them there at any given time," Plank said. "Our high school can accommodate about 1,600 students and there won't ever be about more than 700 in the building."
Plank said they are using recommendations from local and state health officials, but the current recommendation by the Central Racine County Health Department places Racine County in a high-risk category and only recommends virtual learning.
"Every possible operational detail has been rethought and re-imagined," Plank said.
Plank said if there are multiple positive COVID-19 cases in a school, they would follow guidance from the health department.
"I know if we have a teacher that's out sick or tests positive, I would think that's pretty compelling, and at that point we would be asking for direction from just about anyone to support our decision to either leave that class, or come together or to say it's time to just stop," Plank said. "It's kind of hard to speculate not really knowing what the details of the situation are."
Other districts planning on full time, in-person learning in the fall include Oconomowoc and Oak Creek-Franklin school districts.
WISN 12 News reached out repeatedly to each district but never received a response to our requests for comment.
Schools wait on guidelines for coronavirus outbreak shutdowns
In-person school ultimatum: Control coronavirus spread
Burlington back-to-school plan: Little kids in, big kids out
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Rome schools to cut fewer positions
The Rome City School District has re-evaluated its proposed spending plan, which could save roughly 30 to 40 teaching positions.
Posted: Apr 8, 2019 6:36 PM
Updated: Apr 8, 2019 6:41 PM
Posted By: Rachel Murphy
ROME, N.Y.-- The Rome City School District has re-evaluated its proposed spending plan, which could save roughly 30 to 40 teaching positions.
The proposed $114.6 million budget initially meant that 70 to 80 jobs would have been eliminated. But Peter Blake, superintendent of the Rome City School District, said some of the positions were able to be reinstated because of state funding.
"We've had a lot of changes in the past two months since this has been the first proposed," he said. "Most recently with the addition, through the state budget being approved we had an addition of $1.5 million in foundation aid and with that money we've added several elementary classroom positions back into the budget."
Blake said those positions include 10 elementary reading positions, seven Math positions and five library positions. He said there will also be more funding for sports and after school activities.
But the remaining cuts will impact the entire district.
"We don't pick and choose where the positions come from that's all done contractually and by seniority rights," he said. "It depends on really unfortunately, the least senior staff are going to be impacted the most. So if you're in a building that has a pretty young staff, there's a chance they'll be affected more greatly than other buildings will."
The Board of Education will vote on the budget on April 23. Then voters will make the final decision on May 21.
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This is the most watched Royal Wedding of all time
By Amy Hunt 2018-05-30T11:46:44Z
Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's wedding on 19th May certainly captured the attention of the world, with stories of the big day dominating the news across the globe.
And in fact, it's recently been revealed that a huge 11.5 million viewers across the world tuned in to watch the beautiful ceremony, as Meghan and Harry became husband and wife.
But actually, despite the global attention the nuptials received, the occasion was only the fifth most-watched royal wedding of all time.The figures have been collected by the Broadcaster's Audience Research Board (Barb), and include viewings from people who recorded the wedding and watched it up to seven days later.
So what was the most popular Royal Wedding of all time?
Prince Edward and Sophie, Countess of Wessex
It turns out that the wedding of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex and his wife Sophie, Countess of Wessex, actually, surprisingly drew in more viewers than the new Duke and Duchess of Sussex's nuptials, putting the couple in forth place. Their June 1999 ceremony, also at St. George's Chapel, attracted a combined audience of 14.8 million, a huge 3 million more.
Sophie and Edward's wedding, which was widely a family occasion, was also awaited excitedly by thousands of members of the public, who had gathered outside of Windsor Castle - much like at Harry and Meghan's.
Prince William and Catherine Middleton
In third place was the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's wedding, in 2011. Catherine and William's nuptials were witnessed by 17.6 million - meaning Harry's wedding was watched by 35% less people than his brother's.
Of course, unlike Harry and Meghan's wedding, Catherine and William's big day was a huge state occasion. Approximately 1,900 people attended the service in the abbey, with guests including Commonwealth leaders, prime ministers, and other heads of government.
The Duke and Duchess of Sussex however had no state attendees. Meghan and Harry issued a statement revealing that only people who knew them personally would be attending their wedding - meaning UK Prime Minister Theresa May did not receive an invite.
Prince Andrew and Sarah Ferguson
Coming in at a close second is Prince Andrew's wedding to Sarah Ferguson. The now-divorced couple married in 1986, also at Westminster Abbey - and the big day was watched by a massive 18.7 million viewers, according to Barb.
Prince Charles and Princess Diana
So whose royal wedding was the most-watched? Unsurprisingly, it was Prince Charles' wedding to Princess Diana in 1981 which garnered the most attention, according to Joint Industry Committee for Television Audience Research (Jictar). The grand ceremony at Westminster Abbey drew in a huge 28.4 million viewers - which perhaps makes sense, given that Prince Charles is the future King.
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'What if that woman CAN'T have children' Michelle Williams hits back at one fans thoughtless comment
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By Kudzai Chibaduki • 2021-01-19T16:07:29Z
MP warns about missing cervical screenings after she ‘lost most of her cervix after delaying smear’
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By Laura Harman • 2021-01-19T15:43:03Z
Dubai is facing a surge in Covid-19 cases following celebrity holidays
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The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge’s engagement was announced in 2010
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Free Worcester Art Museum Admission for Art Museum Day 2014
Art - Exhibit
The Worcester Art Museum will offer free admission on Thursday, May 22nd as part of the Association of Art Museum Directors (AAMD) Art Museum Day, coinciding with International Museum Day. Art Museum Day emphasizes the essential role that art museums play in their communities, highlights the value of the visual arts in society, and provides new opportunities for audiences to participate in the wide-ranging programs offered by AAMD member museums.
This year, WAM is presenting Nude drawing in the Galleries from 2-5 pm. This is an ongoing moderated program that runs every Thursday at the Museum. WAMs nude model takes center stage among the old masters collection. Visitor can try their hand at drawing a live nude model with the guidance of our expert faculty among masterworks by Veronese, El Greco and Rembrandt. Drawing supplies are provided free of charge. Or, visitors can take time to visit the recently opened Knights! exhibition which offers a new look at the John Woodman Higgins Collection of arms and armor. WAM also invites visitors to share their experiences on Art Museum Day via social media with the hashtag #ArtMuseumDay.
Art museums play a powerful role as community gathering places, bringing together people from all walks of life to experience the best of human creativity, said Chris Anagnos, Executive Director of AAMD. AAMD is so pleased that WAM is joining us in this celebration by inviting everyone in the Worcester community to participate in Art Museum Day.
AAMD represents 240 art museums across the United States, Canada, and Mexicofrom regional museums to large museums in major urban centers. International Museum Day is organized annually around the world by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). AAMDs Art Museum Day is an opportunity to focus attention on the role of art museums in North America, as part of ICOMs global celebration.
A comprehensive list of participating AAMD member art museums will be available on the AAMD website (http://www.aamd.org/). Note that while AAMDs Art Museum Day and ICOMs International Museum Day are formally held each year on or near May 18, some institutions shift their celebrations to adjacent dates.
Sponsored by: AAMD
Suggested Audiences:Elders, Adult, College, High School, Middle School, Elementary, Preschool, Toddler, Infant
E-mail:information@worcesterart.org
Last Modified: May 20, 2014 at 9:31 AM
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Optus profit jumps AU$32m for Q1
Australian telecommunications provider Optus has recorded a net profit of AU$196 million on revenues of AU$2.3 billion, citing 4G mobile data uptake as its driving force.
By Corinne Reichert | August 13, 2015 -- 03:25 GMT (20:25 PDT) | Topic: Telcos
Optus has announced an increase in net profit of 19.5 percent for the quarter ending June 2015, from AU$164 million last year to AU$196 million this year.
Operating revenue was AU$2.3 billion for the second quarter of 2015, an 11.3 percent year-over-year growth in constant currency terms from the AU$2.1 billion reported during the same period last year. Revenue declined by 0.5 percent in terms of reported currency, however, due to parent company Singtel dealing with a weaker Australian dollar.
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Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortisation (EBITDA) grew by 7.3 percent for the quarter, from AU$597 million in the three months to June last year, to AU$641 million this year.
The telco's free cash flow plummeted by 67.2 percent, however, from AU$126 million down to AU$41 million.
Optus attributed its gains to growth in its mobile operations, customer retention, and increased take-up of handset repayments.
"This quarter's results underscore the strength of Optus' business fundamentals," Optus CEO Allen Lew said in a statement on Thursday.
"We are well positioned to capture future growth opportunities by bringing together our competitive advantage in customer experience with our renewed focus on driving innovations that entertain customers and enhance their lives."
Revenue in the telco's mobile business grew 5 percent in the quarter, to AU$1.21 billion, off the back of an increase in its post-paid customer numbers due to its My Plan Plus offering. Average revenue per user (ARPU) also increased by 5 percent for the quarter, with Optus attributing this to growing 4G data usage by mobile customers.
Optus added 38,000 post-paid customers over the quarter, including 290,000 4G subscribers, bringing its total to 9.38 million. As of June 30, Optus has 3.82 million 4G+ customers, making up 41 percent of its mobile subscriber base.
Fixed-line revenues increased by 3 percent thanks to unlimited home broadband bundles, uptake of Optus' unmetered Netflix offering, and growth in National Broadband Network (NBN) customers. The telco now has 54,000 NBN customers, and a total of 1.04 million broadband customers.
Last month, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) granted draft approval for a revised agreement covering the transition of Optus' hybrid fibre-coaxial (HFC) customers onto the fixed-line NBN, and the progressive integration of parts of the telco's network with the NBN.
NBN welcomed the draft decision, agreeing that it will ensure the easy and efficient transition of customers to the NBN.
"Today's decision is yet another significant step that enables NBN to deliver better broadband to every Australian as soon possible and at the least possible cost," NBN CEO Bill Morrow said.
"The agreement between NBN and Optus delivers clear benefits to families and businesses. We are pleased to see that the initial view of the ACCC is the same."
The original deal between NBN and Optus was approved by the ACCC in 2012. Optus and NBN entered into a revised AU$800 million deal in December last year, allowing NBN to take ownership of Optus' HFC network. The modified agreement came as a result of the Coalition government's decision to move away from a full fibre-to-the-premises rollout to the present so-called multi-technology mix (MTM) network incorporating fibre to the node, fibre to the building, and HFC.
An estimated 3.27 million premises could be serviced by the HFC networks being taken over from Telstra and Optus, with customers beginning to be connected from March 2016.
Optus on Thursday also noted that its national 4G network now covers 90 percent of the population, with plans to extend this further.
"Since the beginning of 2015, we have switched on 700MHz spectrum at 2,400 metropolitan and regional sites," Lew said.
"Over the coming year, Optus will continue this important investment program so that more Australians can have access to reliable, super-fast 4G mobile services, in more places."
On Tuesday, the telco also launched an app enabling its customers to make and receive calls and texts to landline and mobile numbers globally via a Wi-Fi connection. The "WiFi Talk" app is an alternative to such VoIP apps as Viber, Skype, Google Hangouts, and FaceTime, with the advantage of using a customer's existing phone number.
"WiFi Talk is an innovative solution to help customers stay connected easily if mobile coverage is limited indoors, whether at home, in the office, or even in places such as shopping centres," said Amanda Hutton, VP of customer experience and delivery for Optus.
"Unlike traditional Wi-Fi calling applications, it uses your existing Optus mobile number when people call or text you, and they don't need the app or have to do anything differently."
The news comes off the back of Optus last week announcing plans to shut down its 2G network from April 2017 to shift its customers onto the 3G and 4G networks.
"Greater smartphone usage and advances in 4G technology are driving customer preferences for more mobile data and faster speeds, and there has been a steady decline in 2G traffic and customers in the last few years," said Dennis Wong, acting managing director for Optus Networks.
The transition from traditional calling to the use of data over 4G and Wi-Fi marks a trend in the increasing popularity of communications apps including Facebook Messenger and WhatsApp, spurring Optus' entry to the market through the Wi-Fi calling app.
"I think you've seen us starting to move away from being very mobile focused to one that is about integrating communications and entertainment for customers, regardless of where they are," Lew said in April.
In May, Optus reported adding 42,000 net new customers in the first three months of the year.
Telstra has also reported its results (PDF) earlier today, recording a net profit after tax of AU$4.29 billion for the 2014-15 financial year, down AU$260 million or 5.8 percent year on year from last year's AU$4.55 billion. Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortisation (EBITDA) decreased by 3.5 percent, down from AU$11.1 billion to AU$10.7 billion.
Australia's dominant telco attributed its loss in net profit to the sale of its Hong Kong mobile business, increased price competition from its rivals, and significant investment in its mobile 4G network. However, it is continuing to see growth in its mobile data, network applications and services, and IPTV businesses.
At the end of last month, rival telco Vodafone Australia announced a net loss of AU$183.6 million for the first half of 2015, up 13.3 percent from the AU$158.6 million loss in the same period last year. The company reported total revenue of AU$1.77 billion, a year-on-year increase of 2.9 percent.
The Vodafone results (PDF) also revealed a slight increase in its post-paid customer base, which grew 3.3 percent year on year in the half ended June 2015, to 3.1 million. Prepaid customers grew marginally, up 0.1 percent to almost 1.7 million, while ARPU increased by 2 percent year on year, to AU$51.32.
Last month, iiNet shareholders approved TPG's AU$1.5 billion takeover bid. The acquisition, which is yet to be approved by ACCC and the court, will result in TPG becoming Australia's second-largest telco after Telstra, increasing its customer base to 1.7 million.
The ACCC's examination of the deal in regards to concerns about competition is continuing, with the consumer watchdog's decision to be published on August 20.
"The proposed acquisition would combine two of the five largest suppliers of fixed broadband in Australia. The ACCC is exploring the extent to which the acquisition of iiNet will reduce competition by reducing the likely competitive tensions in respect of pricing, innovation, and service quality," ACCC chairman Rod Sims said.
Singtel has also announced its results for the quarter, reporting a net profit increase of 12.8 percent, or 16 percent in constant currency, to SG$942 million, up from SG$835 million. EBITDA fell 1 percent year on year, down to SG$1.24 million due to a weak Australian dollar.
Australia Tech Industry Networking Security NBN
More from Corinne Reichert
TPG is still king of NBN speed report
ACMA warns TPG, Foxtel, Aussie Broadband on priority assistance
NBN pulls in AU$2b revenue so far for FY19
Federal Court approves NetComm acquisition vote in June
Optus warns not to punish whole economy for tech giant sins in Privacy Act changes
Australian telcos agree that the Privacy Act is working well, and Australia does not need a right to erasure.
Telstra says it has half of all Australians covered by 5G
Australian incumbent telco passes the 750,000 device mark on its network.
M1 to tap Nokia in 5G standalone network deployment
Singapore telco has inked a deal to deploy Nokia's "cloud-native" Core platform, as it prepares to launch its 5G standalone network later this year.
Chinese telcos spared delisting as NYSE backtracks on decision
China Telecom, China Mobile, and China Unicom Hong Kong will continue to be listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange.
China accuses US of breaching market rules in NYSE delisting
US government order leading to the impending January 11 delisting of three Chinese telcos from the New York Stock Exchange is politically motivated and violates market rules, says ...
SK Telecom launches 5G edge cloud service with AWS Wavelength
SK Telecom has applied AWS Wavelength to its 5G mobile edge computing infrastructure.
5G and broadband rollout plans are going to repeat the mistakes of the past
If new technologies aren't available to the whole country, the plans risk reinforcing the existing digital divide.
Telstra and Motorola Solutions sign AU$567m deal to build Tasmania's radio network
The pair will consolidate five currently separated government radio networks.
Comms Alliance argues TSSR duplicates obligations within Critical Infrastructure Bill
Industry body requests only one of the two requirements apply to critical infrastructure entities in the telecommunications sector.
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ZERO TO SIXTY
Album Release (12/18)
Our album No Replay will be available on all streaming platforms on Friday, December 18th. No Replay includes seven songs written, recorded and produced entirely virtually during the summer of 2020.
Thank you to Mike Jankowski of A Cappella Productions for mastering the album. Also a special shout out to competitive beatboxer, Match, for collaborating on the third track, "Hit-and-Run."
We'll be hosting a Virtual Release Party on Instagram live at 8pm on Thursday night. Make sure to tune in for some special live performances, early previews of the tracks, and some background on the creative process.
Use the link below to download the official album booklet, which includes:
album & song credits
lyric transcript
ZTS No Replay album booklet
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The Cryptozoology of Hong Kong, Part I: Qilins
Billy Potts July 17, 2018
This is the first in a series of articles in which we explore the imaginary creatures of Hong Kong, their makers and those that take part in their culture. The first cryptid in our fantastic menagerie is the ferocious-looking yet gentle-natured qilin, also known as the Chinese unicorn.
Ships strain at their moorings as storm clouds scud across the sky. Rain lashes across the window of a fast ferry battling towards the safe harbour of Peng Chau. On the island, the tree lined square in front of the ferry pier is quiet, free of the usual hubbub. Walking casually through the torrent, a lone figure garbed in loose grey clothing and yellow Crocs appears in the distance. This is Master Ringo Leung, revered paper craftsman. He has agreed to be a guide to the island’s cryptozoological fauna.
Woodblock print of a qilin, dating from 1602
Peng Chau’s Master Lai Hung-cheung, qilin maker extraordinaire. In his childhood, Master Leung would sometimes shadow Master Lai.
Leung was born on Peng Chau. With little to do in the peaceful village, children amused themselves with lion dancing. On the island lived a renowned paper craftsman, Master Lai Hung-cheung, who specialised in making qilins (kei4 leon4 麒麟), a mythical hooved creature. The young Leung spent many a day shadowing the old sifu, emulating his methods and learning to make qilins of his own.
Until 13 years ago, Leung ran a workshop in Sai Ying Pun where he made lions, dragons and qilins of all stripes. Today he is back on Peng Chau running his family’s tea house, Shing Hing Restaurant. He spends his mornings steaming sumptuous dim sum delicacies and devotes his afternoons to the creation of celestial creatures, of which the qilin is his speciality.
Master Leung, in his study above Shing Hing Restaurant, surrounded by skeletal frames of lions, suilins and qilins – Photo by Billy Potts
Qilins are Peng Chau’s apex cryptid. A chimera with the body of a deer, tail of an ox, hooves of a horse and scales on its body, the qilin defies zoological classification. It has either one or two horns and comes in a spectrum of colours depending on the culture that it comes from. The qilin is an animal of good omen. It is said to be so gentle that it walks with high, tentative steps in order to avoid treading on even the tiniest living creature. Qilins eat only what is already dead and will abstain from consuming even live grass. The appearance of a qilin foretells the birth or passing of a sage or the ascendance of an upright ruler.
Hakka qilins surrounded by old photographs and memorabilia in an association hall – photo by Billy Potts
Leung makes his way through the rain and ducks into a mahjong hall, the Hoi Luk Fung Association, where men watch football on television. Master Leung goes into the back and emerges with two qilins. These fearsome beasts hail from Leung’s ancestral hometown, Shanmei, and are known as Hoi Luk Fung qilins or suilins (seoi6 leon4 瑞麟). They are larger and fiercer looking than others of their kind. Their distinctive physiognomy includes small bats and dragon fish on their foreheads signifying good luck.
An old suilin with a miniature version for children, sit in a youth association hall on Peng Chau. These are for the young islanders to practice with. – photo by Billy Potts
These phenotypes are a Peng Chau speciality that are unique to the island. “Amongst Hoi Luk Fung qilins, the ones with green faces and white horns are for showcasing power and skill in the martial arts, because they look fiercer,” says Leung. He presents the other qilin. “This gentler, colourful qilin with a gold horn is for venerating the gods.” These unicorns only appear on special occasions like a god’s birthday. “Where there are gods there are qilins!” Leung exclaims.
Master Leung with two of his suilins – photo by Billy Potts
Qilins are always in the vanguard, keeping evil spirits at bay, ensuring safe passage for the procession, but a qilin would never appear at anything as base as a business opening. Such menial tasks fall to lions, who are lower in the hierarchy because they are carnivores.
Mr. Au and Master Leung enjoying a good chat next to one of Master Leung’s creations – photo by Billy Potts
Not far from the mahjong hall, above Shing Hing Restaurant, rain patters rhythmically on the the tin roof of Leung’s study. He leafs through old photographs scattered amidst skeletal lion frames. “We have at least seven or eight qilin designs,” he says. “But we’re only putting out a couple standard ones because people keep copying them.” Later that afternoon he ventures out to yet another association hall replete with a glory of unicorns. There Leung’s friend, Mr. Au, who has been a qilin dancer since childhood, shows the qilin’s evolution. He points to fading sepia photographs. One in particular features the former colonial administrator, Sir David Akers-Jones, but more importantly it captures a number of qilins in an older, more ornate style that would be unrecognisable today.
An exceptionally fierce suilin in an older style captured in a group photo taken on the 12th of April, 1961 on the occasion of a visit from Mr. David Akers-Jones (as he then was), District Officer, Islands.
Aside from style, qilins are highly variable depending on locality and tradition. Leung specializes in the ferocious suilins of his Shanmei people, but he also creates green faced Dongguan qilins with black horns, and crimson faced Wai Dong qilins with gold horns. Both of those qilins belong to the Hakka people. Each of these qilin sub-species has a unique dance. While explaining, Leung suddenly leaps into action, his swift, precise movements belying his ungainly frame. He demonstrates each of the qilins’ dances in turn, from the fierce suilin’s wild, sweeping movements to the crouching, careful steps of the Hakka qilins.
Peng Chau youths strutting their stuff with qilins around the 1970s.
Watching this athletic display brings to mind something said by a ninth generation Hakka qilin dancer, Lau Kam-tong of Hang Hau: this kind of dance is no mere performance. For the Hakka, it was developed alongside martial arts to defend their villages from marauding pirates. According to Lau the low stances of the qilin dance denote respect however it’s plain to see how this show of martial strength also demands that respect.
As the rain continues, Leung spends the better part of the afternoon talking about qilins, elucidating on their curious characteristics and gentle virtues. Moving from the association hall to a restaurant, he delves into his cryptid building career and quiet island life, slurping down a bowl of fishball noodles. After he leaves, he walks through the streets of Peng Chau. Neighbours greet him and he beams in return, the master craftsman embodying the genial spirit of the qilin.
Billy Potts
Billy Potts is a writer and designer born and raised in Hong Kong. He practiced maritime law until the age of 26 then started a design consultancy with a special emphasis on local heritage. Hong Kong has always captured his imagination. As a writer, Billy is interested in the city's esoteric folk traditions, design, culture, art and environment. His writing has appeared in the House News and Stand News.
On Stage This Month: Romantic Ghosts That Will Not Rest
Elle Kwan June 1, 2017
Hong Kong’s Wild Creatures, Part II: Tigers
Christopher Dewolf September 22, 2020
Hong Kong Fauna: Can We Save the City’s Last Remaining Dolphins?
Zabrina Lo May 29, 2019
Why Sugarcane Juice Is a Summertime Favourite in Hong Kong
Zabrina Lo August 27, 2019
Love of Paint: One of the Last Ceramic Artists in Hong Kong
Julia Wong October 12, 2015
The Cryptozoology of Hong Kong, Part IV: The Endangered Fearsome Pei Yau
Billy Potts November 6, 2018
How much do you know about qilins, one of the most common of Hong Kong's mythical creatures?
animal, Craftsmanship, Cryptozoology of Hong Kong, master, myth, mythical creatures, Peng Chau, qilins
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3 edition of The 2007-2012 Outlook for Services to Buildings and Dwellings in Greater China found in the catalog.
The 2007-2012 Outlook for Services to Buildings and Dwellings in Greater China
Published September 28, 2006 by ICON Group International, Inc. .
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Belize Reggae Fest Kicks off with King Beenie
/ February 13, 2009 / Leave a comment
New York, NY (MS. RAINE INC): Dancehall’s Royal Highness Beenie Man is headed to Central America next month to inaugurate the Belize Reggae Fest Series, an initiative of Triple T Productions and Nuff Muzik Productions to bring top tier Caribbean performers to Belize’s ample community of Reggae music lovers.
On Saturday, March 7th, King Beenie and Reggae crooner Anthony Cruz are set to launch the Reggae Fest Series at the Princess Hotel and Casino with a lively mix of Dancehall and Lover’s Rock, while DJ Andrew D of Irie Jam Radio 93.5FM in New York will be spinning the latest Reggae and Dancehall tunes from ‘Yaad’ (Yard) and ‘abraad’ (abroad) as Jamaica’s favorite “Attitude Gyal” Dyema shows off Dancehall’s latest fancy foot and hip work.
Triple T and Nuff Muzik are launching the Belize Reggae Fest Series in response to a tremendous demand for top tier Caribbean artists in Belize and other parts of Central America. Tasz Smith, CEO of the New York based Triple T Productions, was floored by the overwhelming response to Beenie Man at his last performance in Belize in 2005. After noticing that shows featuring top billing Caribbean entertainers were far and few between in Belize, Smith joined forces with Garth Guthrie of Nuff Muzik Productions in Florida, to initiate the Belize Reggae Fest Series, which will be bringing the most popular Reggae and Caribbean music artists to Central America. By bringing back Beenie Man, Smith and Guthrie are geared to launch the series with a bang.
“Beenie is one of the greatest entertainers of all time” states Smith, who has worked with other leading entertainment figures like Jay Z, Wyclef Jean, Sean Paul, and former NFL player Tiki Barber. “He does everything. He sings, dances, deejays, and his performances are very interactive, he engages the whole crowd in his performance–his stage persona is magnetic. I know the people of Belize can’t wait to see him again.”
Beenie, born Anthony Moses Davis, began his music career when he won a local talent competition in 1980 at the age of 7. Nicknamed Beenie Man for his diminutive size, he has gone on to have one of the longest and most illustrious careers in Dancehall, successfully crossing over into Popular music with hits like “Who Am I,” “Dancehall Queen,” “King of the Dancehall”, “Feel It Boy” with Pop music icon Janet Jackson, “Dude” with Ms. Thing and Hip Hop artist Shawna, and the “Girls Dem Sugar” remix with R & B singer Mya.
The inaugural Belize Reggae Fest Series event featuring the “King of the Dancehall” Beenie Man, Anthony Cruz, DJ Andrew D, and Dyema will be held on Saturday, March 7th at the Princess Hotel and Casino in Belize City. For tickets and more information about the show or the Belize Reggae Fest Series, contact Tasz Smith at 917-324-5016 or tasz114@aol.com.
For press accreditation or media inquiries for Beenie Man or Anthony Cruz, contact Ms. Raine Inc. at 347-492-3977 or media@msraineinc.com.
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is the ballard honeymoon over?
candidate greg ballard was a cipher, an enigma. the people who voted for him didn't know much more about him than they knew about noob saibot. so now that ballard is our mayor-elect, there have been two primary fears about what kind of administration he's going to build.
right-wingers and ballard supporters have feared that ballard might stack his administration with establishment republicans and longtime party hacks, effectively selling out the grassroots political revolution they were convinced they'd been a part of. meanwhile, democrats and progressives feared that he'd load up his staff with the types of fringe characters who were ballard's most-vocal online supporters—in other words, we were afraid of an entire administration full of "bart lies" types.
mayor-elect ballard has now named his transition team, and if the names there are any indication, he plans to do both.
the list is chock full of GOP insiders, and gary welsh for one is ticked off about it. for one thing, the transition team includes both marion county prosecutor carl brizzi and former US attorney susan brooks. gary supported brizzi in last year's election, but these days he doesn't care for either brizzi or brooks, because they never prosecuted marion county democrats for alleged corruption. beyond that, the team contains two partners from the law firm ice miller, which has close ties to outgoing mayor peterson. and there are also two partners from barnes & thornburg, another high-powered law firm that donated $20,000 to peterson's re-election. (barnes & thornburg has also been in the news in the past couple years because two of its attorneys have had to resign because of their ties to disgraced lobbyist jack abramoff.)
at the same time, ballard appointed darla y williams to be his liason with the peterson administration. in addition to having the most hideously incoherent blog layout i've ever seen, darla is well-known as someone who has a long-standing personal grudge against mayor peterson, and whose past job performance has been questionable at best. she's the type of person who's prone to go off on long-winded rants about the "ghetto mafia". in other words, appointing her to be the liason to the peterson administration, where she will have to work day-in day-out with mayor peterson and his aides for the next two months, is like extending an enormous middle finger. it's like appointing miss ann or sir hailstone—both of whom seem to be big darla williams fans. you couldn't pick someone who would be more overtly hostile if you tried.
both gary and jen at tdw speculate that the more experienced members of the transition team will deal with the darla problem soon enough. and there are signs that it might have already happened: wilson notes that darla's name mysteriously doesn't appear in this morning's star article about the transition team. one can only hope that ballard has already cut her loose. ¶
Posted by stAllio! at 11/10/2007 11:59:00 AM
Wilson46201 said...
This morning on AdvanceIndiana, poor Darla accused me of stealing mail. As an attorney, she should know that's libel per se. She's definitely gone off the deep end now...
julia versus the blogs
september eleven mentality: a video mashup
julia has cancer
lolcoltsgiving
why property tax repeal won't work
ballard: my first broken promise
lolcolts face the music
i get mail... about doctor octagon ii
meet the new rishawn biddle
entropy, death, and rebirth
lolcolts!
check out these awesome sandwich bags i found
was biddle's contract violated?
who is greg ballard?
don't be like ballard: vote
lolcolts
biddle story hits fox news/AP wire
a candidacy denied
biddle reactions from across the web
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Proves my point
Yesterday I talked about the lack of enthusiasm I encounter when I speak Japanese to Japanese people whose English isn't great. Well, I experienced an example of that today.
I was at a Japanese store, and asked a guy, in English, where the fruit was. He was speaking Japanese with a female coworker, and I haven't seen him speak English with people before, so I didn't know if his English was good. But I used it anyway. He looked at me blankly, and so did his coworker, so I asked them in Japanese. The woman said in muddy English, "You speak Japanese" with a nervous smile, and spoke no Japanese with me, but pointed in the direction of the fruit, then told me in broken English that it was elsewhere as well.
If I had walked into a store in a Mexican neighborhood, they would've spoken Spanish once they discovered I could speak it. And a similar thing would happen in Chinatown, I'm sure. It wasn't as if I had asked the Japanese workers incorrectly where the fruit was, they just didn't want to continue in the language because, I think, I'm not Japanese, so broken English is better than me entering their language world.
So it's both ironic and convenient that such an incidence occurred the day after I had a post about it, lest anyone think I was making such an observation up.
Labels: Japanese
I guess we would go on speaking in Turkish in this case. Very interesting experience. Thanks for sharing!
Mad Minerva said...
I can't speak for any Japanese situations myself, but I did recently go to Italy. In Italy also, I've found that even when my Italian skills are atrocious, locals are usually delighted to speak Italian back--and lots of it. At the same time, younger Italians are eager to speak English too, though -- they are usually delighted to practice their English skills on me too. But hey! I kind of want to practice my Italian skills -- goodness knows their English is better than my Italian!
But in the end, what happens in either case is a whole lot of happy, hand-waving communication. Regardless of English or Italian or mix of both, the good folks are all about communicating. I've never had the sense that they wanted to close me off at all.
As for the Spanish version, Metrolongua, I've found that yes, if Spanish speakers find that you speak Spanish too, they will usually start speaking in Spanish to you--a mile a minute! Unless it's younger folks who...yep...want to practice their English skills!
It's one thing to meet people who want to practice their English--it's another to meet people who will not accept you in their language world. It's very annoying, and only the most blindly obedient Japan-worshipping Japanophiles will overlook it.
I still have to do a post about those Japanophiles--they're all dewy-eyed when encountering everything Japanese, that even when a Japanese person gives them a blank look or keeps speaking bad English or says "I don't speak English" when they're speaking Japanese to them, they just lovingly chuckle.
What an interesting post! I like how you call it someone else's "language world"....it's fascinating how different people react when it comes to letting you enter their language world, or insisting on entering [or remaining within] your language world -- regarless of how poor their language skills in this world may be! Do you think it's culture specific? I know it's dangerous to generalise, but hey....what the hell!
France is an interesting case [though I can only speak from my own experiences, naturally]: I find it that you pretty much have to speak French when in Paris. Whereas if you go to Nice and you speak French, shop keepers, etc. are very likely to answer you in English -- probably because they can tell you're not a native. But still....
I love languages -- I love the different language worlds we operate in. I love translation and I truly believe that you can never transmit *everything* when you translate. No matter how good you are....
Yeah--thanks for your comment. I think you can make certain generalizations--I get so sick of that PC attitude when you can see patterns in different groups. For instance, now I'm teaching Spanish speakers (mostly Mexicans) English, and if I spoke their language as well as I speak Japanese, they'd LOVE it! They'd be so happy and would really appreciate my efforts--which makes me want to learn how to speak it better (I took a couple classes and have translated it).
Funny menu
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Congee recipe
Six years
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民安聞法點 （到新版）
作家：民安聞法點
民安聞法點
莫忘初心
‧ 教皇聖職不是Ｈ.H.第三世多杰羌佛有權退回的
‧ 書展中的不可思議 展出H.H.第三世多杰羌佛畫作
‧ 美國國旗為H.H.第三世多杰羌佛升起
‧ 【H.H.第三世多杰羌佛系列報導】書展中的不可思議 一幅畫作被美國高級鑑價師鑑價一千三百萬美元
‧ 2018台北國際書展中的不可思議 展出H.H.第三世多杰羌佛畫作
‧ H.H.第三世多傑羌佛微印派作品：《蓮師洞中》
‧ H.H.第三世多傑羌佛：《誰說塊色不超凡，但見微觀顯世界》
‧ 一石橫嬌 -- 韻雕中的皇帝 人類世界首創不可複製的藝術珍品
‧ 第三世多杰羌佛榮獲世界和平獎 國際衛視報導 06/28/2011
‧ H.H.第三世多杰羌佛簡介
‧ “新年說法：我身口意都符合真修行嗎？能成就解脫還是遭惡業苦果？”
‧ 第三世多杰羌佛辦公室第五十九號公告
‧ 世界佛教總部公告 第20200107號
‧ 世界佛教總部公告 （公告字第20200106號） 邪惡令人髮指
美國國旗為H.H.第三世多杰羌佛升起
Americas National Flag Is Raised for H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III
(美國國旗為H.H.第三世多杰羌佛升起)
Americas National Flag Is Raised for HH Dorje Chang Buddha III
正法资讯 今天
Please see news links below:
請見下方新聞鏈接：
Thousands of Buddhist disciples held khatas and devoutly knelt on the ground to welcome His Holiness the Buddha as they loudly chanted “Namo H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III.”
H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III ascended to the platform to expound the dharma for thousands of Buddhist disciples, emphasizing the importance of cultivating oneself.
LOS ANGELES, CA, July 14, 2018 / -- In 2010, H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III received the World Peace Prize. In 2013, the Senate of the United States Congress unanimously passed a Senate Resolution affirming the nature of the World Peace Prize and the correctness of the decision to issue that prize. The resolution recognized the accomplishments and status of H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III. as well as the contributions His Holiness the Buddha has made to humanity.
On June 24, 2018, World Buddhism Association Headquarters held a "Celebrating the Birthday of H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III" dharma assembly at Holy Heavenly Lake in California. During the assembly, it was publicly announced to thousands of Buddhists from all over the world that on May 15th, at the United States Capitol in the nations capital, the American flag was raised to honor H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III, the supreme leader of all of Buddhism.
The raising of the American flag in the United States capital to celebrate the birthday of the H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III enabled Buddhists from all over the world to know the greatness and supreme status of His Holiness the Buddha. According to our understanding, a number of senior congressional members from both the House and the Senate, including heads of congressional committees and the Speaker, sent letters to congratulate H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III on the flag raising.
H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III was present at the site of the dharma assembly held by World Buddhism Association Headquarters. Heavily guarded by the police force, H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III walked onto the red carpet toward the lakeside. The seven types of Buddhist disciples attending the assembly knelt on both sides of the carpet, raising their khatas to welcome the Buddha as they loudly chanted "Namo H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III."
During the dharma assembly, the sun shone brightly high above. The temperature remained as high as around 82 degrees Fahrenheit during the whole time. Yet miraculously, both inside and outside the pavilion, it did not feel hot at all; it even felt soothingly cool.
Venerable Mozhi, the person in charge of World Buddhism Association Headquarters, said during the opening address of the dharma assembly, "We should thank our great America. On May 15th, the American flag was raised at our United States Capitol building, where it waved in the wind. This was done to specially wish H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III a happy birthday. The congressional flag-raising document read, "This flag was flown in honor of H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III, Supreme Leader of all Buddhism, on the occasion of his birthday." The flag you see here fluttering in the wind is the flag that was raised on Capitol Hill in Washington DC and was delivered to and received by the Office of H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III.
Venerable Mozhi gave an introduction to Holy Heavenly Lake to the thousands of Buddhists attending the dharma assembly, saying that the lakeside of Holy Heavenly Lake where the attendees were gathered is an extremely wonderful and remarkable mandala that is full of auspiciousness. He said, "Right below where we are standing now is a huge crystal lake. Under Holy Heavenly Lake, there is also an underground river, which is one of the two great rivers in the world that flows from south to north. This place is truly auspicious."
He went on to say that eminent monastics and people of great virtue are welcome to come and build Buddhist centers here. This city of Buddhist centers will be developed with the best effort, and it will be comparable in scale to the Vatican. The "True Dharma Temple," where H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III will reside, will also be built here. This entire Buddhist city will be surrounded by walls. Inside the walls will be a holy Buddhist land. The inside of this Buddhist city will be an extraordinarily wonderful Buddhist treasure-land of the world! In the future, everyone will be welcome to come to this place, which will be the most majestic, flourishing Buddhist center in the world. Venerable Mozhi also explained that as of now only Holy Heavenly Lake. LLC and World Buddhism Association Headquarters own land at the lakeside of Holy Heavenly Lake. No other individual or organization owns any such land. There are also some people who are intentionally paying much higher than the market price to buy real estate in the area surrounding the property of Holy Heavenly Lake. In doing so, they have caused the construction cost of this Buddhist city to go up. Not only is this kind of selfish conduct inflating the market price, it is also damaging to the true dharma.
The Venerable Mozhi continued to say, "I am responsible for the work of World Buddhism Association Headquarters. Naturally, I have become a cultivator at World Buddhism Association Headquarters to benefit the public. Serving the public and bringing benefits and happiness to living beings, contributing to the prosperity and strength of the country, contributing to world peace, and adding to the dharma realm one more liberated living being after another; that is my job."
After addressing the congregation, Venerable Mozhi knelt and prostrated to H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III. In a sonorous a voice, he beseeched His Holiness the Buddha to expound the dharma for all Buddhist disciples, He also said, "May our United States be prosperous and flourishing. May our United States be successful in all respects. I wish all of the countries from which each of you have come abundant harvest and favorable weather. I wish all of you great joy and benefits in the dharma. May you achieve perfect good fortune and wisdom, and soon realize enlightenment!"
H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III ascended to the platform to expound the dharma to everyone, emphasizing the importance of cultivating oneself and the fundamental principles of learning from Buddha. H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III also blessed the participants by giving each of them a holy nectar pill. Just as His Holiness the Buddha had vowed in the past, His Holiness the Buddha selflessly benefitted living beings and did not accept one cent of any offering. All seven types of Buddhist disciples rejoiced. Everyone was filled with joy from the dharma. The dharma assembly concluded in perfect success.
引用網址：http://classic-blog.udn.com/article/trackback.jsp?uid=may3722&aid=113783482
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Overcoming Pitfalls When Measuring Thin, Parallel Optics
By Dan Musinski, Zygo Corporation
Driven by the demand for smaller and smaller consumer products and semiconductor devices, manufacturers require thin planar optics for an array of applications. This puts the responsibility on the material and optics manufacturers to ensure the glass is flat and free of material deformities which can cause distortion and affect end-use functionality.
This places a huge burden on metrology tools that need to measure and confirm the uniformity of thin planar optics thereby proving that they are fit for purpose.
Inherently, the measurement of thin parallel optical surfaces can be extremely taxing. Such optics are characterized by the fact that they are less than a few millimeters thick, and this means that the front and back surfaces are very close together. Because of this, standard mechanical phase shifting interferometry (PSI) finds it difficult to discern between the surfaces.
A more advanced solution is Fourier-transform phase-shifting interferometry (FTPSI), which enables easy characterization of the front and back surface, optical thickness variation, and material homogeneity of thin plane parallel glass. FTPSI makes it possible to distinguish between the front and back surfaces and characterize the quality of both in a single measurement, even if they are less than a millimeter thick.
WHY FTPSI?
To understand why FTPSI is the preferred technique for measuring thin parallel optics, we need to take a closer look at the alternative traditional measurement techniques and see where they fall short.
If we consider PSI which works by passing a light beam through an ideal reference optic (called a transmission flat [TF]), to the part under test, we see that this technique cannot distinguish between the front and back surfaces of a thin parallel optic.
When properly aligned, the TF and the part under test create an interference pattern, recorded as an interferogram. The metrology software analyzes the height variations produced by the phase shifts and reconstructs the surface wavefront, which represents the difference in height between the TF and the test part.
When the front surface of a thin, parallel part is aligned, a second reflection is typically returned to the interferometer from the back surface. This results in a complex fringe pattern created by multiple, overlapping interferograms that cannot be accurately analyzed using PSI. (See Figure 1.)
Figure 1. Complex fringe pattern caused by multiple surface reflections.
There are actions that can be taken to improve the situation, but they are time consuming and add unnecessary and potentially damaging steps into the overall process. These include applying black paint to the back surface to extinguish its reflection, coloring with a dark colored marker, or spreading petroleum jelly on the surface.
The FTPSI method negates the necessity to manually manipulate the back surface of the thin optic to undertake meaningful and accurate measurements. Instead, FTPSI uses the refection from the back surface to gain more information about the thin optical component in a single measurement.
This is possible because FTPSI does not require mechanical motion within the test cavity to create the interferograms. Instead, FTPSI relies on modulation of the wavelength of the laser source to enable the measurement. Each cavity in the optical path in an FTPSI acquisition produces a unique interference frequency that defines its cavity length, and this enables a clear delineation and accurate characterization of the surface. Algorithms can then analyze both surfaces and characterize their form independently. (See Figure 2)
Figures 2a & 2b. Front (2a) and back (2b) surface form results of a 1.2 mm thick sample shown in figure one.
3- and 4-SURFACE FTPSI
Let’s start with the basics. A TF — as mentioned above — is used with an interferometer to establish a plano reference for a surface or transmitted wavefront measurement. A reference flat (RF) is a high-quality optical surface that is used to direct a measurement beam with minimal effect on the overall wavefront.
Figure 3. Example of a 3-surface and 4-surface configuration
The simplest FTPSI measurement is a three-surface configuration that consists of the TF — surface 1 ‚ and the test part — surfaces 2 and 3 (See Figure 3). In this configuration, a back-surface result is provided but it includes material non-uniformities due to the measurement beam passing through the material of the test part.
For higher accuracy measurements of the back surface, a four-surface configuration can be used by placing a RF — surface 4 — behind the test optic. In this configuration, the form of surface 3 is compared to the known RF. This configuration creates a second test cavity between the back surface and the RF and provides a direct measurement of the back surface without the uncertainty of the material in the part.
A single FTPSI measurement with both the three- and the four-surface cavity configurations includes a thickness deviation result, which is a full-surface map of the material thickness across the test part.
MATERIAL HOMOGENEITY
The four-surface cavity configuration described above enables the characterization of the material homogeneity of the test part, a unique feature of the FTPSI technology.
The homogeneity information can be obtained by first measuring the cavity with the test part inside, then removing the part from the cavity and performing an “empty cavity” measurement, allowing a comparison between the TF and the RF. Unlike other homogeneity measurement techniques that only provide the nonlinear component, an FTPSI result maintains a fixed cavity and, therefore, can provide both the nonlinear and linear components of the material homogeneity. The linear portion is critical for applications that are sensitive to beam pointing, as the result can be used to predict how a beam deviates when passing through the test part.
As with all interferometric test methods the measurement uncertainty is based on a number of factors including the quality of the reference optics, stability of the measurement environment and mounting techniques.
For parts less than 6 inches in diameter (150mm) the reference optic peak-to-valley surface form can be of the order of 2.5% of the wavelength of the light used to make the measurement — λ/40. If the system, for example, has a laser emitting red light at a wavelength of 633 nm this corresponds to approximately 16 nm. In most cases this enables the resultant measurement to be well within the tolerance bandwidth for thin glass applications.
How the part is held in the test cavity is probably the most critical factor when measuring thin optics, more specifically the mounting technique and the mounting orientation. Simply clamping a thin optic can induce unwanted stress and cause the optic to bend. Differences in orientation can yield very different measurement results, especially for thin parts, due to gravity affects. Ideally, the part should be mounted in the same configuration in which it will be used in its end-use application to avoid unexpected differences between the designed intent and actual performance. (See Figure 4.)
Figure 4a & 4b. Mounting examples for thin glass optics. The configuration in 4a is prone to be overtightened which can lead to distortion of the part, while the “V-block” image in 4b provides a low stress mounting solution.
FTPSI is a compelling choice for optics manufacturers who need to ensure the quality of thin, parallel optics. Unlike conventional mechanical PSI, FTPSI can distinguish the front and back surfaces and characterize their corresponding surface information in a single, repeatable measurement. Thanks to advances in both equipment and algorithms FTPSI can characterize surface form, thickness deviation, and material homogeneity of optics that are less than 1 mm thick. Faced with the growing demand for thin, parallel optics, and the challenges involved in accurately measuring those optics, FTPSI overcomes the limitations of previous methods. Its strength in characterization along with its ease-of-use makes it a good choice for optical metrology.
www.zygo.com
Dan Musinski is the Vice President of Strategic Business Development at Zygo Corporation in Middlefield, CT. He can be contacted at dan.musinski@ametek.com.
ABOUT ZYGO
Zygo Corporation is owned by AMETEK, Inc., a leading global manufacturer of electronic instruments and electromechanical devices with annual sales of approximately $5 billion. ZYGO is a worldwide supplier of optical metrology instruments, high-precision optical components, and complex electro-optical systems, and Its products employ various optical phase and analysis techniques for measuring displacement, surface shape and texture, and film thickness. Electro-Optics and Optical Components businesses leverage ZYGO’s expertise in optical design and assembly, and high-volume manufacturing of precision optical components and systems, for the medical/life sciences, defense and industrial markets.
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Dream Big Live Boldly
Life is short. Dream Big. Live Boldly.
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Tag Archives: flamenco
Flamenco and bull-fighting are perhaps the two biggest symbols of Spain, the things that come to mind when people think of this country. We knew that we wanted to experience flamenco, as most tourists do, and saved this event until the city of Seville in the south of Spain, the Andalusian region where flamenco originated.
After purchasing our tickets the night before, we arrived at the small Los Gallos theatre early to get good seats. The maximum capacity is 120 people but this being a night in early December with the 2011 Davis Cup tennis tournament on television (happening right here in Seville), the audience was small, only about 20 people. Our waitress told us that if it wasn’t for the tennis, there would be almost no tourists in town at this time of year.
The room was simple. A small stage, about 5 meters wide by 3 meters deep. On it, 3 wooden chairs with wicker and an anvil standing in the rear corner for decoration. On the back wall of the stage was a course painting of a cock fight in red and black. At the left rear of the stage, a tiny twisting staircase disappeared upwards.
We ordered Sangria, sweet and fruity, the first we’ve had in Spain, which sat on the little table in front of our small and closely packed seats. They were lightly padded and comfortable enough given that there was nobody on either side of us due to the small crowd.
The lights dimmed. A guitarist and two male singers dressed all in black took the stage. It began with just guitar, only rhythm, with the strings muted. Soon the men started to clap a tightly controlled rhythm, like a syncopated metronome. Every clap was sharp, clear, and precise. They emphasized certain beats by tapping or stomping their heels on the wooden floor. The guitar began to ring, alternating between pulsing strums and fast picking, always keeping to the cadence of the hands and the feet.
A beautiful young woman descended the stairs. She was dressed in a long, green dress, tight down to the hips, then extending in a cascade to a ruffled train of over a meter. She raised her hands in the air, assumed a striking posture, and began to move. She was very controlled at first, with the smallest of arm movements and tiny pulses of feet barely visible beneath her dress.
Her hands were posed, her fingers long and painted. They transitioned meticulously from one beautiful position to the next, moving about her wrists independently. Occasionally, her fingers would snap in rapid succession, as if she had more fingers and more snap than normal.
As the music grew, she moved across the stage, twisting and turning, always maintaining a strong stance. Her posture was exaggerated and dramatic yet continously appealing, like an athlete transitioning powerfully from one elaborate model’s pose to the next. With curved back, extended leg, and raised arms she seemed like lion about to pounce. Her dress swung about her, not haphazardly, but carefully managed through a series of kicks and spins. Sometimes the full train wrapped around her feet tightly yet she always extricated herself gracefully. Her face changed expression to match her movements. Sometimes so strong as to appear angry and intimidating, the next playful or warm or contented. Her carriage, poise, and attitude exuded passion.
The singers grew louder. Their voices were strong, sometimes surprisingly so, and they pushed the pitch higher, straining each breath to the end in a plaintive wail, an aching cry tinged with longing and desire.
The rhythms were complicated in structure, mesmerizing in effect. The performance was elegant and controlled yet shocked by periodic explosions in the dance, or the rhythm, or the voice. It gradually built towards a crescendo. The result was powerful, exotic, and passionate.
The other guitar players, singers, and dancers were equally impressive and enticing. We were entranced and would highly recommend this experience.
This entry was posted in Europe, Travel and tagged dance, flamenco, guitar, Los Gallos, Sevilla, Seville, Spain, travel on January 3, 2012 by dreambigliveboldly.
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Down in Luckenbach Texas, Ain’t Nobody Feelin’ No Pain
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Out with Nvidia’s driving platform and in with its own Tesla computer product. Elon Musk wants to have its own chip in its self-driving cars.
Tissel, tassel and rumor are common in the world of new technology. Elon Musk and Tesla are certainly no exception. Now they are pulling out the drapes for one of the secret projects they worked with and revealing a self-produced artificial intelligence-chip, Techcrunch reported.
So far, Tesla has relied on Nvidia’s platform for self-propelled cars. That technology is now being thrown out, and instead, it’s going to get its own hardware. The idea is that it should do just the same as the current system. Thus do all the calculations required for the characteristics the car has. Nvidia’s AI technology is also used by Speedy in the casino market.
The essence of making the technology itself is that calculations must be made at as a basic level as possible, in the circuit itself. Not in emulation mode that happens today in processors. and in the end, the shift can cause dramatic changes. With Nvidia’s hardware, the system can handle about 200 images per second. With the specialized chip, they can squeeze 2000 frames per second, with full redundancy and error surrender.
Analyst James Wang, on the other hand, believes that it really is the reason they want full control. They need more cream and tailor-made technology, which is missing in the finished products. The same reason that Apple brought out their own hardware to their phones.
By taking this route, Tesla now also has more control over the process. They can build in their pace and control the development according to their needs in a smoother way. The change applies to both new and old cars. Apparently, there shouldn’t be any problem replacing the computer and plugging in a new one.
Heavy vehicles use more fuel than lighter cars, so the weight is everything for an environmentally friendly vehicle. The force needed to accelerate a vehicle is directly proportional to the weight of the car.
Efficient engine
It is important to utilize the fuel as well as possible. Electric motors are considerably more efficient than combustion engines, the full benefit of 43 percent of the fuel energy.
Air resistance accounts for a large portion of a picture energy losses. Therefore, it must be designed so that the air has minimal resistance. Vehicle aerodynamics is improved, for example with a minimal frontal surface.
Rolling resistance
The friction between the tires and the road will cost lots of energy. Here, the choice of tires big role, but it applies also largely to reduce friction in the shock absorbers and the mechanical parts.
While Google and Tesla are struggling to make ordinary cars self-propelled, NASA has created the foundation for the ideal driverless car that can drive sideways, and turn on the stand.
When standing still similar to an ordinary golf cart. But when the 100 percent electric motor starts and it starts to run, you can clearly see that the space agency NASA has built a completely unique vehicle.
NASA car has wheels that an office chair
Modular Robotic Vehicle distinguish themselves above all because of their special wheels, each of which is structured as individual units called e-corner.
With technology, the wheels can rotate 360 degrees around itself, so that the car including can parallel park directly sideways and swinging with a radio at 0 degrees.
NASA build the perfect city car
All communication between the car’s systems precedes wireless, and it makes according to NASA the car to a structured candidate for a future autonomous car.
Meantime, NASA prototype only remotely controlled and not run by itself.
Technology giant Google has already tested the autonomous car while now Tesla is developing technology that will make the Tesla cars completely self-driving within five years.
NASA in the race for autonomous car
The two producers are focused on creating self-driving cars in addition to drive yourself similar to those we know today.
NASA vehicle’s small size and huge operating skill makes it ideal for navigating the narrow and busy streets and park in town.
One can hardly believe it, but engineers at the Free University of Berlin in Germany has managed to steer a car only by the power of thought.
Completely without keeping hands on the wheel sat a researcher in the car and got it, for example, to turn left just by thinking of the “left”.
With a number of other thought commands “to the right”, “accelerate” and “slow down” the researchers got the car to drive around on a training course. For this purpose they used a car, on the steering wheel, accelerator and brake could be controlled from a computer, and the car’s driver was wearing a kind of hat with sensors that could measure his brain activity.
The sensors were connected to the computer. Because the computer before the test run had been “trained” to recognize the wave pattern from the driver’s brain that meant, for example, “left” or “slow”, could the driver control the car with the power of thought.
The Advanced Driving Test lasts approximately 90 minutes and cover somewhere between 35 and 40 miles. There are more details of this on the page about the Advanced Test itself
The IAM currently offers the following Classifications of Test
Private Car Class
All Private cars.
Suitable adapted cars used by disabled Drivers.
A car derivative van or pick-up whose maximum permissable weight does not exceed 3.5 tonnes.
Motorcycle Class
Motorcycles in the 200cc class or over.
Certain Motorcycles under 200cc may be tested at the discretion of the Chief Examiner. The Motorcycle must be capable of achieving 70mph easily and sustaining it in appropriate conditions.
3-wheeled vehicles of the ‘Bond’ and ‘Reliant’ types. These are subject to the following conditions:-
That the unladen weight does not exceed 410kg.
That a safe seat is provided alongside the driver for the Examiner.
That the vehicle design permits the driver to give either hand signals or Trafficator signals.
Commercial Class
Goods Vehicles with a permissable maximum weight of over 3.5 tonnes. Exceptions: tractors, electically propelled vehicles, vehicles drawing trailers other than articulated vehicles, or vehicles that are subject to special speed limits or restrictions.
Buses and Coaches fitted with 9 or more passenger seats where the driver is the holder of a PCV driving Licence.
Drivers must be over 21 years of age.
Minibus Class
Driver must be over 21 years old and possess an A Category on the old style licence or B + D1 on the new style licence.
Vehicle must be fitted with more than 8 and not more than 16 passenger seats (excluding the drivers seat).
Caravan and Trailer Class
This Class is for existing IAM members only and may be taken using a towing vehicle of the same category already passed. The test is divided into four sections:-
Vehicle Check and hitching procedure.
Oral Questions.
Road test of 45 minutes.
Manoeuvring and reversing off the road.
Independence of the IAM
The idea of an Advanced Driving Test was first floated at a National Road Safety Congress held in November 1954. It was inspired by a report showing how effective advanced driver training had been in cutting accident rates for the Metropolitan Police (since the Hendon driving school had been founded in 1934, Police road accidents had fallen from, on average, one every 9,000 miles to one every 72,500 miles!).
A group of people from that Road Safety Congress subsequently decided to form what we now know as the IAM. To ensure its independence, all the running costs are recovered through the Advanced Test Fee and through the annual Membership Fee. The IAM is, therefore, responsible only to its own members and can represent driving and road safety with a truly independent voice.
The standard L-test is only an elementary examination of your driving. It has remained largely unchanged since 1934 (reverse parking was added recently, and the theory test is a very new idea) and you can pass it without demonstrating more than the most basic grasp of driving skills, and without ever driving on a motorway or at night. The real learning starts when you throw away your L-plates and begin the process of acquiring mature driving skills. Many people realise this, and there comes a time when they want to reassure themselves that their driving is developing along the right lines. This is why the IAM exists. By taking the IAM’s Advanced Driving Test, you can measure the progress you have made since passing the basic L-test.
Because of it’s 40 year history, it has become a recognised authority on advanced driving and is involved with many consultations on road safety related matters because of this. A long line of Transport Ministers have taken the Advanced Test while in office, speaking volumes for the regard in which the IAM is held.
Are you a good driver?
Do you think you are a good driver or motorcycle rider?
Did you once, or do you still, enjoy driving?/riding
Would you like to improve your driving/riding skill?
Do you think that the general standard of driving/riding should be improved?
Do you have an interest in Road Safety?
If you drive a Car, LGV/PCV, Minibus, tow a Caravan, or ride a Motorcycle, then read on – this series of pages is just what you have been looking for.
New corporate risk profiling car driving tool
Drive & Survive strategic partner RiskFrisk® has launched a new corporate risk profiling tool aimed particularly at large corporates with multiple depots, large mixed fleets and complex supply chain arrangements. Further information can be obtained at http://www.tevo.eu.com
Drive & Survive wins Business Car Risk Management Award
For the second year in a row, Drive & Survive has been awarded the BusinessCar award for best Risk Management Supplier.
Drive & Survive aims to position itself as an expertise resource, working alongside customers to help manage their business more effectively. It recognises the commercial realities of everyday life – although it obviously assists with duty of care compliance, and knows that the biggest influencer in the decision to implement a driver risk management programme will invariably be the effect it can have on fleet running cost savings.
All the awards are voted for by the readers of BusinessCar magazine, website and email newsletters, so it’s the people that are using the products on a daily basis who make the decisions.
BusinessCar Editor-in-Chief Tristan Young said: “Risk management is an increasingly important topic for business car managers and it’s clear that Drive & Survive is delivering the goods. Any well-managed fleet will be aware of the need to take every step to protect their drivers and the votes from BusinessCar readers show that Drive & Survive is giving the industry what it needs.”
Accepting the award on Drive & Survive’s behalf was Sales Manager, Ryan Brittain, who commented: “Selling safety has never been an easy task but we know, beyond any doubt, that what we do works in every area it touches and to be recognised (again) by our clients in this way really does make the efforts worthwhile. Thank you!
Current health and safety regulation for car driving
Current health and safety regulations make it a requirement for employers to extend their duty of care for workplace safety to those who drive for work purposes.
Drive & Survive has developed a broad range of products including fleet driver training to help with managing road risk and they are collectively known as the Driver Risk Management Programme (DRMP).
Despite this are you dazed & confused by the demands of Health & Safety Regulations?
Perplexed by the seemingly contradictory information in the press?
Having a problem justifying a driver risk management programme to your CEO or FD?
If you have a fleet of 50 vehicles or more, contact Drive & Survive today to discuss our free, no-obligation driver risk management health check.
We’ll talk you through the options that are right for your organisation and we promise there’ll be no hard sell.
We can’t guarantee to solve all your problems but we can almost certainly save you money and make you more compliant.
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University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo
Waimea's Heritage Landscape: Using GIS to Communicate Change and Significance of a Cultural Landscape in South Kohala, Hawaiʻi
PlunkettJr_hilo.hawaii_1418O_10126.pdf 8.62 MB Adobe PDF View/Open
Title: Waimea's Heritage Landscape: Using GIS to Communicate Change and Significance of a Cultural Landscape in South Kohala, Hawaiʻi
Authors: Plunkett Jr., Samuel W.L.
Contributors: Kawelu, Kathy (advisor)
Heritage Management (department)
Keywords: Cultural resources management
Date Issued: Jun 2018
Abstract: Hawaiʻi County’s Land Use Pattern Allocation Guideline map (LUPAG) show an increase in lands being allocated for urban development in the South Kohala District of Hawaiʻi Island. Being that land allocations, and subsequent zoning is created by a combination of Hawaiʻi State Land Use designations, and the Hawaiʻi County General Plan, this thesis addresses preservation and restoration of a region’s natural and cultural resources, and sense of place from a planning approach. In order to incorporate both cultural and environmental resources into an integrated plan, that also accounts for community input, I combine a cultural landscape approach with geographic information systems (GIS) to produce a Heritage Landscape Resource Inventory Model.
Through this model I spatially re-present Waimea Kālana, a traditional land unit that occupied most of modern day South Kohala. In re-presenting Waimea Kālana, a geographic and cultural baseline was created which challenges current perceptions of place in order to invite planning participants (community and governmental) to consider layers of landscape significance from an earlier point in time. This project argues that this geo-cultural baseline could be used by the Waimea community to raise its collective heritage awareness and participate in land-use planning. By re-presenting cultural landscape attributes of Waimea Kālana on a GIS format, this project will spatially model interconnections between a variety of resources, articulate its cultural and natural significance, and exemplify how a community might turn statements of significance into community derived land-use guidelines. In effect this model aims help a community preserve its sense of place and sustainably manage its cultural, and natural resources for their benefit, and for the benefit of the future generations of Waimea, South Kohala, Hawaiʻi.
Rights: All UHH dissertations and theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission from the copyright owner.
Appears in Collections: Heritage Management
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Will Durst, 2/1/2008 [Archive]
Super Duper Fat Tuesday
Chin up, me buckos. Be brave. Don't go all El Foldo on us here. This is no time to pull a John Edwards. Oh, I understand the temptation to succumb to the numbing forecast of further interminable debates, but we've come much too far to break down into deep racking sobs just yet. The good news is (yes, there is good news) it's almost over. The primary process, that is. And the voters of the 24 states venturing into the swirling eddies of Super Tuesday next week should end it, and if they don't, then it ain't going to end for quite a while and there will be time o'plenty to cry and weep and keen over the grisly fate that awaits us.
There is a consolation; if the unthinkable event does go down -- no winner emerging -- we have six long months to arrange to have the dosage on our medication stepped up in preparation for the conventions this summer when the TV show 'American Gladiators' will be restaged in pinstripes. Oh, yes. There will be blood. But Tuesday should clinch it. They don't call it Super Tuesday for nothing, you know. Actually, they call it Super Tuesday more for the quantity of states voting and not for the quality of the participants involved. And through an odd quirk of fate, it's not just Super Tuesday where 52% of the Democratic and 41% of the Republican delegates will be chosen: it is also, more importantly, Mardi Gras. Fat Tuesday.
So called because that's the last day Roman Catholics allow themselves to gorge on all the things they plan to give up for Lent. Like what we hope and pray occurs with us and the candidates. Please shut up. Cleverly, the state of Louisiana chose the following Saturday for their primary, four days after Super Fat Tuesday. Proving their bacchanalian propensities are not so debilitating as to prevent them from scheduling a brief recovery period before flexing their electoral muscles. As opposed to the rest of us who do the exact opposite. We vote, then we drink.
This Super Tuesday also holds the distinction of being the most Super of any Tuesday we've ever known. You could say it's the Superest Tuesday, because of everybody vying to be relevant in the partisan picking processes. 'But what about me?' Leading pundits have taken to calling it Super Duper Tuesday, or Tsunami Tuesday or Giga Tuesday or The Tuesday of Destiny or Le Ultra Tuesday That Will Make Your Head Snap Back Like Someone Dropped a Load of Ammonia-Laced Concrete in Your Lap, and believe it or not, the only one I made up was the last one.
The bad news is (yes, there is bad news) this is merely round one. And once the parties have chosen their standard bearers, this procedure will repeat itself all over again. Oh, yes. There will be mud. The scariest part is realizing one of these gas bags is going to win. That's right. Our choice for the next resident of 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. has pretty much boiled down to the Woman, the Black Guy, the Mormon and the Prisoner of War. A prospect that should make all of us shiver like stowaways in the baggage hold of a 747 on a Seattle-to-Shanghai run. Oh, yes. There will be hypothermia.
Comic, author, actor, commentator, dishwasher Will Durst, is shaking just thinking about it.
Copyright© 2007 Will Durst, distributed by the Cagle Cartoons Inc. syndicate. Call Sales at (805) 969-2829 or e-mail sales@cagle.com. Will Durst is a political comedian who has performed around the world. He is a familiar pundit on television and radio. E-mail Will at durst@caglecartoons.com. Check out willandwillie.com for the latest podcast. Rooster T Feather's. Sunnyvale. February 1 through February 2. 408.736.0921. Go. Do. Be.
By: Pat Bagley
Super Tuesday Color
The McCain Lump
By: Mike Lane
A Look At The Candidates
By: Bob Englehart
A Look At The Candidates COLOR
Superbowl Tuesday
By: Jeff Parker
Superbowl Tuesday COLOR
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Inhalation of 10% carbon dioxide rapidly terminates Scn1a mutation-related hyperthermia-induced seizures
EpilepsyRes105_1_220.pdf 492 KB
Ohmori, Iori Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University ORCID Kaken ID publons researchmap
Hayashi, Keiichiro Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Wang, Haijiao Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Ouchida, Mamoru Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kaken ID publons researchmap
Fujita, Naohiro Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Inoue, Takushi Department of Child Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Michiue, Hiroyuki Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University ORCID Kaken ID publons researchmap
Nishiki, Teiichi Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kaken ID publons researchmap
Matsui, Hideki Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kaken ID publons researchmap
The aim of this study was to assess the anticonvulsant effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) on Scn1a mutation-related febrile seizures. We examined physiological changes in the blood gas levels after the induction of hyperthermia-induced seizures (HISs), which were associated with the Scn1a missense mutation. We determined the efficacy of inhalation of 5% or 10% CO2 to treat HISs. HISs were evoked in Scn1a mutant and wild-type (WT) rats by hot water baths. To determine the anticonvulsant effect of CO2 inhalation, rats were placed in a chamber filled with air or mixed gas containing 5% CO2 or 10% CO2 for 3 min, immediately after the induction of HISs. We also analyzed the blood gas levels at the end of inhalation of CO2. Hot water bathing induced a significant reduction in the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and respiratory alkalosis in the WT and Scn1a mutant rats. HISs were evoked in 100% of the Scn1a mutant rats within 5 min, but in none of the WT rats. The Scn1a mutant rats demonstrated a higher HISs susceptibility associated with respiratory alkalosis than the WT rats. Inhalation of 10% CO2 shortened the seizure duration from 62.6±12.1 s to 15.5±1.0 s. Blood gas analysis after the inhalation of 10% CO2 demonstrated an elevated pCO2 level and respiratory acidosis. Inhalation of 10% CO2 demonstrated a potent and fast-acting anticonvulsant effect against HISs.
Epilepsy Research
issue1-2
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.01.003
isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.01.003
Iori Ohmori, Keiichiro Hayashi, Haijiao Wang, Mamoru Ouchida, Naohiro Fujita, Takushi Inoue, Hiroyuki Michiue, Teiichi Nishiki, Hideki Matsui, Inhalation of 10% carbon dioxide rapidly terminates Scn1a mutation-related hyperthermia-induced seizures, Epilepsy Research, Volume 105, Issues 1–2, 2013, Pages 220-224, ISSN 0920-1211, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.01.003.
Funder Name
助成番号
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Case Report Volume 4 Issue 2
Migration of Two IUDS, with One Intra Bladder, Removed by Hysteroscopy and Cystoscopy: A Case Report
Kouma A1, Thera T2*, Mounkoro N2 and Kone J3
1Gynecology Obstetrics University Hospital, Kati, Mali
2Obstetrics Gynecology Department of The Hospital Point G, Mali
3Commune Health Center Iv of Bamako, Mali
*Corresponding Author: Thera T, Obstetrics Gynecology Department of The Hospital Point G, Mali.
Received: January 02, 2020; Published: January 22, 2020
Insertion of an intrauterine device is a common gesture in gynecological practice. This gesture is simple and reproducible. However it can leads to serious complications such as uterine perforation but also migrate into the abdominal cavity to result in an adjacent organ injury such as the bladder and inlets. If migration IUD is into the bladder, dysuria, and chronic pelvic pain are the found symptoms. Faced with a suspected ectopic IUD, pelvic ultrasound examination is the first line followed by the X-ray of abdomen required. When migration is suspected, hysteroscopy and cystoscopy allows not only to diagnose but also to achieve the removal of the IUD. We report a case of migration of two IUDs both removed by hysteroscopy and cystoscopy at the same patient.
Keywords: IUD; Migration; Complication; Hysteroscopy
Sivin IB. “State-of-the-art on non-hormonal methods of contraception: III. Intra uterine devices”. The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care 15 (2010): 96-112.
WHO. “Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use”. 4th ed. Geneva: WHO (2009).
Zakin D., et al. “Complete and partial perforation and embedding following insertion of intrauterine devices. I. Classification, complications, mechanism, incidence, and missing string”. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 36 (1981): 335-353.
Mosher WD and Pratt WF. “Contraceptive use in the United States, 1973-1988”. Patient Education and Counseling 16.2 (1990): 163-172.
Oruç S., et al. “Changes in distribution patterns of integrins in endometrium in copper T380 intrauterine device users”. Acta Histochemica 107.2 (2005): 95-103.
Tunçay YA., et al. “Transuterine migration as a complication of intrauterine contraceptive devices: six case reports”. European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care 9.3 (2004): 194-200.
Zakin D., et al. “Complete and partial uterine perforation and embedding following insertion of intrauterine devices. II. Diagnostic methods, prevention, and management”. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 36.8 (1981): 401-417.
Richter R. “Ein Mittel zur Verhütung der Konzeption [A means of preventing conception]”. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 35 (1909): 1525.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. World contraceptive patterns 2013. New York, NY: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2015).
Gräfenberg E. “Die intrauterine methode der konzeptionverhütung. In: Haire N, editor. Proceedings of the Third World League for Sexual Reform Congress, London 1929”. London, UK: Kegan Paul, Trench Turner and Company (1929): 166-175.
Harrison-Woolrych M., et al. “Uterine perforation on intrauterine device insertion: is the incidence higher than previously reported?” Contraception 67 (2003): 53-56.
Van Grootheest K., et al. “Uterine perforation with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device”. Drug Safety 34 (2011): 83-88.
Kaislasuo J., et al. “Uterine perforation caused by intrauterine devices: clinical course and treatment”. Human Reproduction 28 (2013): 1546-1551.
Kho KA and Chamsy DJ. “Perforated intraperitoneal intrauterine contraceptive devices: diagnosis, management and clinical outcomes”. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 21 (2014): 596-601.
De Kroon CD., et al. “The value of transvaginal ultrasound to monitor the position of an intrauterine device after insertion. A technology assessment study”. Human Reproduction 18 (2003): 2323-2327.
Golightly E and Gebbie AE. “Low-lying or malpositioned intrauterine devices and systems”. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 40 (2014): 108-112.
Dias T., et al. “Use of ultrasound in predicting success of intrauterine contraceptive device insertion immediately after delivery”. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 46 (2015):104-108.
Schoenfeld A., et al. “Bladder perforation by an intrauterine device”. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 19.3 (1991): 175-177.
McNamara M., et al. “Case reports. Copper-7 perforation of the uterus and urinary bladder with calculus formation—Sonographic demonstration”. British Journal of Radiology 58.690 (1985): 558-559.
Güvel S., et al. “Bladder stones around a migrated and missed intrauterine contraceptive device”. International Journal of Urology 8.2 (2001): 78-79.
Rowlands S. “Lost IUD penetrating bladder wall”. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 36 (2010): 255.
Markovitch O., et al. “Extra-uterine mislocated IUD: Is surgical removal mandatory?” Contraception 66 (2002): 105-108.
Ozcelik B., et al. “Differential diagnosis of intrauterine device migrating to bladder using radiographic image of calculus formation and review of literature”. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 108 (2003): 94-97.
Mücahit Kart., et al. “Intravesical Migration of Missed Intrauterine Device Associated with Stone Formation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature”. Case Reports in Urology (2015): 581697.
El-Hefnawy AS., et al. “Urinary complications of migrated intrauterine contraceptive device”. International Urogynecology Journal 19 (2008): 241-245.
Singh I. “Intravesical Cu-T migration: an atypical and infrequent cause of vesical calculus”. International Urology and Nephrology 39 (2007): 457-459.
Citation: Thera T., et al. “Migration of Two IUDS, with One Intra Bladder, Removed by Hysteroscopy and Cystoscopy: A Case Report". Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 4.2 (2020): 165-168.
Copyright: © 2020 Thera T., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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About ACWFS
Ongoing research projects
Recently completed projects
VU programmes
Education Development
Amsterdam Center for World Food Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Home | News and Events | News archive | Mediterranean |
The impacts of COVID-19 on food security
The ACWFS opens up a student internship research call
05/09/2019 | 5:56 PM
The coronavirus pandemic hits hard. The impact of a massive economic recession is likely to trickle down to fragile economies and vulnerable communities; exacerbating existing food insecurity and malnutrition. More research is needed to assess which mechanisms affect food security during the pandemic, how impacts of lock-downs on food security can be softened (especially for vulnerable communities), and how overweight can be avoided during the lock-downs. For these reasons, the Amsterdam Centre for World Food Studies (ACWFS) and the Athena Institute are partnering together to seek students who would like to contribute to research on how the coronavirus pandemic affects food security and nutrition. Students may be at the Bachelors or the Masters levels and can choose when to start, as well as which timeframe they would like to follow. A wide range of topics and approaches can be accommodated in the internships, from data-intensive studies and model/simulation approaches to qualitative assessments. For more information, please refer to the flyer here. To apply, please send your CV and letter of motivation (clearly indicating a specific area of interest) to info.acwfs@vu.nl.
Athena Institute
Network Institute
Thesis possibilities
Copyright © 2021 - Amsterdam Centre for World Food Studies
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Ads of Japan. Advertisiments and popular Japanese advertising campaignsPhotos and graphics of popular Japanese ads translated into English
About Ads of Japan
Celebrity / Entertainment — No comments
Crime series ad turns Shibuya station into record storage facility
Crime series advertisement in Shibuya
This is an advertisement for a crime drama TV series by Asahi Television called 警視庁 (keishi chou) 失踪 (shissou) 捜査課 (sousa ka)” which in English is “The Metropolitan Police Missing Persons Investigation Section.”
This advertisement spreads across a series of public daily lockers found in JR Shibuya station in early April to promote for the series premiere on Friday, April 16th.
The individual lockers of one area of the station have been made to look like government or police case record storage boxes with a label on each marking the details of a particular case. Some of the cases have 未解決 (mikaiketsu) “UNSOLVED” stamped in red across the label.
On the floor right in front of the lockers are what appear to be files and case records scattered all over, as if someone was going through the files and dropped them all over the floor.
In between each bank of lockers is a large poster that makes the space look like an aisle between the file boxes on storage racks in what looks like a file storage room, with characters from the show/movie standing between the racks.
The space where these posters are placed is usually the main surface for advertising posters, but in this case they are using almost everything surrounding the locker area as part of an advertisement that spreads across lockers and onto the floor.
Celebrity / Entertainment / Food and Drinks — No comments
Hugh Jackman cuts a Japanese beer commercial
A screenshot of Hugh Jackman's Asahi Super Dry TV commercial
The internationally recognized Australian actor, Hugh Jackman, well known for his portrayal of the character Wolverine in the hit movie series “X-men” (based on the comic book series), and also “Sexiest Man Alive” according to People magazine (2008) has a Japanese television commercial for Asahi Super Dry beer.
The commercial shows Jackman and a couple other men dressed in business suits running up stairs to a rooftop heliport to greet an older male (presumably a higher ranking executive). After Jackman shakes the older man’s hand, a voice over says what loosely translates into “High class is dry taste”. Typographics in Japanese kanji “辛口” (Dry taste) appear on screen, which is then followed by what appears to be a rooftop beer party. Watch the commercial on the link below.
Note – Contrary to popular belief, a commercial featuring Jackman dancing in a lobby, rooftop, and elevator of a hotel (which appears to be in Japan, based on katakana and kanji appearing in the commercial) for Lipton teas is not an actual Japanese commercial. Also note, that he is slated to start filming the movie Wolverine 2 in Japan sometime in the near future, if not already.
See the Hugh Jackman Asahi Beer commercial here via YouTube
Celebrity / Entertainment / Event / Food and Drinks — No comments
World Series MVP Matsui on Fire with advertising blitz
Hideki Matsui of the New York Yankees was just named MVP of the 2009 World Series after winning the championship, in the new Yankee Stadium. But the baseball star, also known as “Godzilla” is also big in Japan as some sort MVP of advertising celebrity icon as this advertisement billboard, one of a whole series of ads for Kirin’s FIRE brand of coffee, shows. This ad says in the main copy “ボデイが強い。(bodei ga tsuyoi)” which translates as “A strong body” in referring to the “body” of the coffee while also referring to Matsui as well as the silouette of the king of all monster movies himself, Godzilla. The copy on the right reads ”10年目のNew Fire” which translates as “A New Fire of the decade” followed by “直火仕上げ (jikabi shiage) directly translated says “Finished by flame” but probably means “Fire Roasted”.
This series of Matsui Kirin “Fire” coffee advertisements can be found on billboards, the side of buildings, posters inside train cars, magazines and other published media as well as tv commercials and has been used since the tail end of August, throughout Japan.
The concept is that this new FIRE coffee has a strong and bold flavor for strong and bold men (the TV commercial address the men of Japan with the classic Godzilla theme song playing in the background) On an interesting sidenote, Matsui’s jersey number, which he has had from his professional league days in Japan to his current stint in New York, has always been 55, which in Japanese can be read as GoJu Go or Go Go (five five). Coincidentally the rock band Blue Oyster Cult had a hit song in the mid-70’s based and titled after the monster “Godzilla” where the chorus of the song was “Go, Go Godzilla”. But whether Matsui is selling or swinging, you can bet he is hoping for a “monster” hit.
Japanese advertising frequently use non-Japanese celebrities and popular media figures, as a quick search on YouTube or google for that matter will reveal. Others who have appeared in Japanese commercials and advertisements are Brad Pitt, Cameron Diaz, Tommy Lee Jones (also selling coffee), Jennifer Lopez, Catherine Zeta Jones, Robert DeNiro, Arnold Schwarzenegger and Richard Gere, to name but a few. Japanese commercials, supposedly pay as high as a Hollywood film for big name stars.
Uncategorized — 1 comment
Scan Marketing with “Barcodes”
Barcodes for scan advertising
As I mentioned in another post, barcodes are frequently used in Japanese marketing and advertising campaigns. In fact, they appear so much that most cell phones in Japan are equipped with a barcode reader that scans a barcode and sends the viewer to a special website regarding the product or service of the advertising.
Japanese barcodes do not look anything like the barcodes I know back home in the States. The barcodes in the States are usually found on packaging and product tags and they usually consist of thick and thin black lines with numbers. Here in Japan what they call a barcode is usually a grid of black and white “pixels” or boxes in what could easily be a square grid of 150×150 pixels and resemble some insane crossword puzzle. There are boxes (each probably taking up 25 x 25 pixels) in each corner except for the bottom right.
These barcodes are often found on printed advertisements in magazines, flyers, brochures, posters, and even billboards. A billboard barcode is usually just a huge barcode with little information regarding the service. The person would just aim the barcode reader (usually used in conjunction with their cell phone camera) and position the special reading “grid” until the cell phone automatically snaps the barcode and leads the reader via their cell phone web browser to the target link of the advertised product or service.
These barcodes make it easy for people to register for certain services or memberships for special product or brand name discounts. For example, I used a barcode to sign up for McDonalds discount club that emails e-coupons to my cell phone which I show or read off a special coupon number at a McDonalds restaurant to get discounts.
The photo on top shows a billboard barode for Weblio an online dictionary, encyclopedia and grammar reference site. The Japanese kanji reads “mizou?” which means “unexpected, unprecedented”. The bottom copy reads as “The dictionary site that makes words more fun/interesting.” This advertisement was poking fun at a slip up by the current Japanese PM Aso who mispronounced the word, apparently something he does on a frequent basis.
The bottom neon sign barcode snapped in the Shibuya Station “ramble” crossing for transcosmos group, a specialized IT service offering everything from digital marketing to investment and business development.
Food and Drinks — No comments
Repetitive ads go down easier with a spoonful of sugar
Mitsui sugar ad poster
I don’t recall seeing this practice much back in the States, but in Japan they love to plaster walls with the same exact advertisement poster. It wouldn’t be uncommon to walk around town spotting walls of the same ad covering a whole wall. They also do this with TV commercials where they show the same commercial right after the first one finishes. Sometimes the commercials are slightly different, but often times not. It almost feels like a glitch in the Matrix. Like a glitch in the Matrix. You get the point.
This is an ad for Spoon brand sugar. To me this advertisement almost looks like a retro 1960’s style fashion ad, but then again maybe I’ve just been watching too much Mad Men lately. These ads were posted in Yokohama station for the Toyoko line. The copy next to the woman’s head reads “Sugar has always been Spoon brand.”（お砂糖は、ずっと、スプーン印）. The copy below the central spoon logo reads “Thanks to you, Spoon is celebrating its 50th anniversary” (おかげさまで、スプーン印は５０周年）. Below that in English it reads “Sweet Smile with Spoon Sugar.” with a 50th Anniversary logo. (FYI- Did I mention the use of English or “Engrish,” in advertisements and packaging is a popular trend in Japan.) Bottom left shows what I think is the packaging and next to it is a some type of give-away campaign they have going on with a link to the corporate website for Mitsui Sugar which I am guessing is the parent company of the Spoon brand.
http://www.mitsui-sugar.co.jp/
Education / Services — No comments
Berlitz English class transit advertisment inside trains of Tokyo
berlitz english course train advertisement
I’ve seen this advertising poster on trains running from Shibuya and Yokohama for a while now. It features four, rather serious looking men facing a man, who is visible only from the back. It looks like they are interrogating him.
The ad’s main copy says, “When suddenly asked a unanticipated question, at a meeting conducted in English, my mind went blank.”(英語で会議、突然、想定外の質問されて 頭の中が真っ白になった。)
Below the photo in smaller copy it says, “Check your English proficiency level, right now at the Berlitz website.” (今すぐ、ベルリッツのサイトで、あなたの実践力をチェック。) followed by a web address.
The tagline copy next to the Berlitz logo reads as “Making your English practical.” (英会話に実践力を。)
This advertisement somewhat reminds me of propaganda posters. To me it reads as…
“English. Without it, you are doomed.”
“Check to see your chances of survival are, RIGHT NOW.”
“Berlitz. Empowering with English.”
Health and Beauty / Technology — No comments
Axe chocolate scent for men advertising in Japan
Axe bodyspray Wanted poster advertisement poster Chocoman
Axe body spray has a new Chocolate body scent. The ads posters that I found posted in Shibuya near Tower records were designed to look like a “Wanted” poster featurning a grinning and if you ask me, a somewhat creepy face of a Chocolate boy and behind him some cleavage.
A whole wall was plastered with these posters. It is a pretty commmon practice in Japan to fill a whole wall with the same exact ad. (FYI- This practice is also done with TV commercials on occasion when they play the same exact commercial one after another. )
The copy reads as follows:
WANTED (in big bold letters)
Chocoman (in Japanese katakana チョコマン; in much smaller letters above the photo of the grinning Chocoman)
Reward undecided. (賞金変動中; With a 7 digit line of question marks lined up preceded with a Yen sign.)
Below that in smaller copy it suggests that the viewer scan a “barcode” with their mobile phone:
The first step in obtaining reward (賞金獲得の第一歩 with an arrow pointing to a Japanese cell phone scan barcode).
These mobile/cell phone barcodes are a pretty common site on a lot of advertising in Japan. It usually offers some benefits in the form of discounts, samples, and other rewards simply by scanning the code and entering you cell phone email.
The barcode itself isn’t really a barcode, but more of a square grid resembling a digital inkblot.
This ad campaign also features TV commercials which appear to be exactly the same as the one shown outside of Japan (North America, etc.) featuring a chocolate man walking around being chased and randomly bitten by females in his vicinity.
Uncategorized — No comments
Japanese advertising: the gentle art of hardcore product and service marketing
With Japanese culture being popularized in countries outside of Japan, I figured maybe some people might be interested in what type of printed advertisements and ad campaigns are being used within Japan. To me, it seems that Japanese companies have their marketing down to a science. Their advertisements often contain lively graphic designs, cartoonish characters, and cute images that it is hard not to stop and take notice of many of these ads. Although the english or “engrish” used in many of these ads can often be unintentionally hilarious, the messages can often leave an impact on the passerby.
Within this site, I will snap photos of popular ads and explain the contents of the advertisement itself.
Sometimes I will have a detailed translation of the ad, other times translations may be a bit looser.
In any case, most of these ads will be fun to look at.
I welcome submissions of ads and translations as well. (In order to keep things in somewhat of an order, I will keep an eye on all submissions, so let’s keep it somewhat clean, folks.)
© 2021. Ads of Japan. Advertisiments and popular Japanese advertising campaigns. Powered by WordPress. Theme design by WPShoppe.
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DISTANT RIPPLES OF THE BRITISH ABOLITIONIST WAVE: Africa, Asia and the Americas, Edited by Myriam Cottias & Marie-Jeanne Rossignol
Click the button below to add the DISTANT RIPPLES OF THE BRITISH ABOLITIONIST WAVE: Africa, Asia and the Americas, Edited by Myriam Cottias & Marie-Jeanne Rossignol to your wish list.
This collection of essays probes British efforts to abolish the slave trade internationally in the 19th century and how they impacted local discourses and practices relating to slavery and abolition in other continents and countries (Africa, the Americas, Asia). Coming in the wake of the bicentennial of the abolition of the slave trade by Britain in 1807, it insists on the ambiguous imperial ambitions of Britain, as well as on local initiatives to abolish slavery which did not simply draw their inspiration from Britain and the humanitarian rhetoric of the abolitionists.
The book also highlights local resistance and opposition to British influence exerted through diplomatic and economic pressure, in an age of nationalism and still profitable slave-based economies. It portrays the 19th-century movement to abolish slavery as a truly international phenomenon, responding to local and national rationales and discourses as well as British influence.
MYRIAM COTTIAS is senior researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. She is an historian of Slave societies in the Caribbean and a specialist of the question of memory of slavery. She is the author of La question noire. Une construction coloniale (Paris: Bayard, 2007) and with Hebe Mattos, Esclavage et subjectivités. Histoire des catégories racialisées dans l’Atlantique français et lus-brésilien (Rio, Paris: OpenEdition, 2016).
MARIE-JEANNE ROSSIGNOL is a Professor of American Studies at University Paris Diderot. A specialist of North American antislavery, she has recently published The Atlantic World of Anthony Benezet (1713-1784): From French Reformation to North American Antislavery Activism (Leiden: Brill, 2016). She is currently editing the French translation of Some Historical Account of Guinea, Benezet's 1771 antislavery pamphlet.
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A STAIN ON OUR PAST: Slavery and Memory, Edited by Abdoulaye Gueye and Johann Michel
WOLDEAB WOLDEMARIAM: A Visionary Eritrean Patriot, A Biography, by Dawit Mesfin
AFRICAN SLAVES, AFRICAN MASTERS: Politics, Memories, Social Life, Edited by Alice Bellagamba, Sandra Greene & Martin Klein
ABDIRAZAK HAJI HUSSEIN: My Role in the Foundation of the Somali Nation-State, A Political Memoir, by Abdirazak Haji Hussein, Edited by Abdisalam Issa-Salwe
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WOMEN AND HEALTH IN AFRICA, Edited by Meredeth Turshen $21.95
AFRICA AND THE ACADEMY: Challenging Hegemonic Discourses on Africa, Edited by Gloria Emeagwali $24.95
GARVEY: Africa, Europe, the Americas, Edited by Rupert Lewis & Maureen Warner-Lewis $16.95
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Home | Film & TV
Documentary on country's evolution wins praise
By Xing Wen | China Daily | Updated: 2021-01-07 09:48
The documentary China retraces the evolution of philosophy, governance and culture in the country through the ages. [Photo provided to China Daily]
A documentary that reveals the evolution of philosophy, governance and culture through the ages in China has won public praise with its dramatic reconstruction of historical stories, spectacular photography, sensuous musical scores and an emotional, epideictic voice-over.
The 36-episode, three-season documentary, China, was rated 8.6 points out of 10 on the review site Douban. Its first season was aired on Hunan Satellite TV and the livestreaming platform Mango TV in December. It chronicles the dynasties from the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), which saw the rise of different schools of thought, to the Tang Dynasty (618-907) heyday.
"Babies grow into adults with different personalities and interests because of their varied experiences and upbringing. Then, how did the country develop into today's China over the long course of history? That's what we want to find out in the documentary," says director Li Dongkun.
The first 50-minute episode mainly tells two stories－the ancient philosopher Confucius visiting Laozi, the founder of Taoism, and traveling through various states to spread his ideas, which, in the director's view, can provide a general picture of the origin of the philosophies that have a far-reaching influence on the today's Chinese society.
"All the stories we selected to present in the documentary can contribute to making clear the logic of how China was developing into a large, inclusive, united multiethnic country today," Li says.
Zhang Huali, president of Hunan Satellite TV station, says China is experiencing an extensive and profound social transformation.
"Facing the growing uncertainties and complexities at this moment, it's of great importance for Chinese people to trace the history and sort out our traditional cultural resources," he says, adding that this is the reason for producing the documentary.
What's special about the documentary is its dreamlike re-creation of old scenes, where only essential details are presented, almost like an artist's sketch.
While the narrator tells the story, the characters go about their activities in a way that keeps the viewers' focus on what is important about the tale or the characters themselves.
The production team didn't set up any complete structure such as a house or a yard. Only such necessary props as desks, chairs and beds were prepared for the actors and actresses to act.
The director says this kind of reconstruction that blurs conversations and specific settings might help to minimize historical inaccuracies.
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David Attenborough's 'A Perfect Planet' premiers on Tencent Video
Documentary marks 200th birthday of Engels
'A Perfect Planet' producers praise China's green effort
China airs documentary on Forbidden City's restoration
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IT’S THE LAW-Designation Discrimination is Illegal [FIRREA, Sec. 564.6]: Professional
Association Membership: Membership in an appraisal organization: A State Certified
General Appraiser may not be excluded from consideration for an assignment for a
federally related transaction by virtue of membership or lack of membership in any
particular appraisal organization (Including the Appraisal Institute (AKA mai)
Encino Story: Fraud in the Valley?
ENCINO -- Real estate fraud in the Valley? Veteran broker Rick Stern says it is a significant
problem that will become more apparent -- and perhaps worse -- as banks and lenders try to
answer a very unpleasant question: exactly how much are these foreclosed homes really worth?
"I think the mortgage fraud schemes that took place in the past few years are starting to surface
more in the San Fernando Valley," he told me this morning. "A lot of people are in over their heads
because of -- and I hate to say it -- rampant mortgage fraud. There's more of this going on in
California than people know right now."
Stern says banks and lenders are now in the early stages of getting rid of foreclosed properties.
Step one often involves hiring an experienced local broker, who provides a "BPO" -- a Broker Price
Opinion, a real-world estimate of what the house is really worth in the current market. It's at this
stage of the process when fraud sometimes becomes apparent -- if the bank realizes that, not only
is the house is not worth anywhere near the amount that was loaned to buy the house 12 or 18
months ago, it probably was NEVER worth that much. That's mortgage fraud.
What, in the world, are they Doing wRONG? Appraisal Institute suffers another loss! "AI commercial
database bites the dust." Appraisal Institute (AI) will be closing down the AI Commercial Database
on November 1, 2005.
(Real Estate Appraiser Los Angeles, Commercial Appraisal Services, millionaire services, Real
Estate Appraiser, Real Estate Appraiser Los Angeles, find appraiser, find real estate appraiser,
Real Estate Appraiser Orange Riverside Ventura San Bernardino Counties, )
Ross: "After nine years with the organization, I feel that the timing is good for me to explore
other opportunities."
Ross: "I’d like to see the organization (the appraisal institute) strengthen its ties with the
academic community. The profession needs to focus now on developing more theoretically based
tools and on things like behavioral finance and economics – which is ultimately what dictates the
operation of markets. I’ve often stated that the mark of any profession is in the development of new
theory, and in my estimation there have been few, if any, advances in this regard in the
appraisal profession for the last 25 years or more. I’d like to see the Appraisal Institute more
involved in some way in such thought creation."
Are predetermined Appraisal ADJUSTMENTS Legal/Ethical? Please see attached
Predetermined adjustments provided by Curtis - Rosenthal, Inc. (MAI Appraiser Los
Angeles) LLC. an MAI Firm. You be the judge and get back with us or call them for this
years update. If your property was acquired by the Los Angeles World Airport (LAWA) you
had better read this!
Each comparable sale that is used in the sales comparison approach to value must be analyzed for
differences and similarities between it and the property that is being appraised. The appraiser must
base his or her analysis and any adjustments to the comparable sales on the market data for the
particular neighborhood and for competing locat1ons—not on predetermined or assumed dollar
adjustments. If an appraiser's adjustments to comparable sales (or the reconciliation of the
comparable sales) are based on unsupported assumptions or personal opinion that cannot be
supported by market data, poor quality appraisals that could have a discriminatory effect may
result."
<Los Angeles and Southern California, Real Estate Appraiser Los Angeles, Forensic Appraiser Los Angeles,
Forensic Appraisal, Commercial appraisal, Curtis-Rosenthal Inc. real estate appraiser & consultant, Expert
Witness, Real Estate consultant, LA, L.A., Southern California, commercial appraiser, appraiser los angeles, real
estate appraiser, condemnation appraiser, la commercial appraiser, ca commercial appraiser, Real Estate
Appraiser, Real Estate Appraiser Los Angeles, Commercial Appraisal Services,>
(commercial appraiser los angeles, inverse condemnation appraiser, expert witness real estate, real property,
commercial appraiser, commercial real estate, Los Angeles, Estate , Probate, Trust, Tax, MAI Appraiser, LA, L.A.,
real estate land los angeles, commercial real estate inspectors, real estate brokers, los angeles, real estate
appraiser, Los Angeles, llp, mark to marker, Land Appraiser, Special Purpose Property Appraiser, Office Property,
Commercial appraisal, Restaurant, Apartment, VANDEMA, Southern California Commercial Real Estate,
Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser,California Appraiser,PMI Removal, Certified General, Tax , Multi Family ,
Bank appraisal institute,Apraiser, comp check, value check)
The Los Angeles World Airport's (LAWA) Director of Economic Development admits that the Manchester Square
“Voluntary Purchase” Program is a part of LAWA’s Master Plan. This statement was supported by one staff
member who presented maps indicating that this area has been set aside for parking.
This Freudian slip of the tough could have major legal consequences since under the agencies “voluntary purchase
program” homeowners were not paid Fair Market Value which is “the highest price” required by State Law in
condemnation cases.
For years Vivian Howell, an IRWA and LAWA mucky muck, has stated that we are not going to pay them “the
highest price” because this is a voluntary program.
This in addition to using unethical appraisal practices like using unqualified appraisal trainees, consultants
colluding on values, standardized comparable adjustments, and in some cases- appraising of property based
upon it's existing use, rather than it's “highest and best use.” It is estimated that these combined, secret practices,
have cost property owners millions.
The Director also stated that he foresaw a number of inverse condemnation cases being filed against the agency,
by current residents, because the LAWA project has left their neighborhood in a shambles.
If you are a homeowner, property, or seller of property to LAWA in this area we strongly suggest that you contact a
qualified Real Estate Condemnation Attorney, or Relocation Expert, and demand a full hearing into these issues.
It appears that discrimination is something that the Appraisal Institute knows a lot about. In fact
they use to be called The American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers until they were sued, for
discrimination, by the Federal Government. They then changed their name to the Appraisal
Institute, same pig, different shade of lipstick. (The MAI Appraiser Standard, Larry A Mc Coy,
MAI) Application Local governments are not immune from proscriptions of Title VIII, and may be
sued. United States v Black Jack ... provides for actions against states and political subdivisions as
well as actions against private transactions and practices; comprehensive purpose of Fair Housing
Act)... would be diluted if it were to apply only to actions of private individuals and entities. ... applies
to appraisers of real estate. United States v American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers etc.
(1977, ND Ill) 442 F Supp 1072, 24 FR Serv 2d 880, app dismd (CA7 Ill) 590 F2d 242, 48 ALR Fed
657. 42 USCS ? 3604(a, b, d)’
How many errors can you find in this appraisal prepared by Jeffrey T. Nagasaki, MAI of Lea
Associates. They also perform similar low quality work for the Los Angeles Unified School District
and the County of Los Angeles. (Condemnation Appraiser, Inverse Condemnation Appraiser)
Here are some tips from seasoned practitioner, David Rosenthal, MAI (Managing Director of Curtis-
Rosenthal, LLC) that can help make your next appraisal experience easy and productive.
"4. Supply all of your market data, up front. Nothing says that your appraiser has to
independently find all of the relevant market information. Data is data, so make the job easier and
share any market data that you have already developed. The appraiser will decide which data to
use and how to best use it. Give your appraiser a running start with the benefit of your advance
research."
If the bank’s board of directors were the ones doing the looting, however, they readily hired a pliant
appraiser to cook up whatever appraisal value they wanted. Behind every fraudulent loan was a
fraudulent appraisal. It is nearly impossible for appraisers to render independent appraisals if the
people hiring them do not want one. When I was in public accounting, auditors joked that MAI stood
for “Made As Instructed.” The commercial appraisals were largely worthless because they were not
independently rendered. It is so obvious that it should be beneath mention, but that situation still
Even if the bank could not find a bona fide buyer, it was supposed to write down the property to fair
market value on the books, taking the loss on its financial statements. The S&L industry, however,
was in dire straits. Reporting a commercial loss on the deal would not look good, and might get
bank regulators, auditors and others asking questions. Here is what the bank did to hide its loss.
Another developer showed up, with similar delusions of grandeur and an equally pitiful pipedream,
except his was twice as large. He wanted a $6 million construction loan. The bank hired an
appraiser to concoct the appraisal for the original empty strip mall that valued it at $5 million, even
higher than the original pie-in-the-sky price tag that the original developer dreamed up. The MAI
commercial appraiser would appraise it for whatever number the bank wanted. The bank
would tell the second developer that it would loan him the $6 million if he would buy the empty strip
mall for $5 million. The bank would loan the developer the money to make the down payment on
the empty strip mall, and the first two years of loan payments. The developer never got his hands
on that money, but the bank held it in escrow, taking the money out of the commercial account to
make the down payment and loan payments.
When the bank made the $6 million commercial construction loan to the second developer, and
played internal accounting games to concoct the “sale” of the first strip mall, instead of recording
the $1 million loss, it recorded a $2 million gain, had a new performing loan on the first strip mall,
and the loan was guaranteed to have loan payments made on it for two years. Here is a chart to
show how the commercial bank hid the loss.
So, with some fancy games and pliant appraisers, the commercial bank recorded a $2 million gain
on its deal making. The reality, however, was that $9 million had gone out the door, the bank was
paying 15% interest to depositors, and no money was coming in, not even interest payments. "
1. The Defendants Improperly Used Bargain Sale Transactions to Conceal the True Financial
Condition of Defendant Church Extension 30. From at least 1996 to at least April 2002, the
Defendants and others engaged in a scheme to conceal Defendant Church Extension's mounting
financial difficulties in order to, among other things, entice investors to invest and/or reinvest.
Specifically, the Defendants and others improperly used bargain sale transactions to generate false
paper income by recognizing the difference between the price paid by Defendant Church Extension
and/or United Management and falsely inflated appraisal values as non-cash contributions. Some
of appraisers used in connection with the bargain sale transactions were Members of the Appraisal
Institute, i.e., MAI appraisals. The appraisals used by the Defendants and others were false for
several reasons, including, but not limited to: a) the use of overstated net-operating income figures,
which formed the basis of some appraisals; b) the failure to account for the limited real-estate
market of some of the properties, due to federal regulations and private covenants; and c) the
failure to account for potential environmental hazards on some of the real-estate properties.
Significantly, because inflated appraisal values were used, the price paid by Defendants Church
Extension and/or United Management was a much closer reflection of the actual value of the
properties than the inflated appraisal values. Thus, as a result of using falsely inflated appraisal
values, the Defendants and others artificially increased the amount of non-cash contributions that
Defendants Church Extension and/or United Management recognized as income.
to determine the purchase price by each engaging an appraiser who was a member of the
3. Therefore, on the basis of our review of the record, we conclude that the court properly
determined that the plaintiff had met its burden of showing that the city's assessor (jOHN lEARY,
mai) had overvalued the subject property and that such a finding was legally and logically correct
and supported by the evidence before the court.
5. "As a residential review appraiser with 14 years experience, I see appraiser fraud weekly," says a
northeastern appraiser who says he is working with the FBI. At the same time I was turning in these
17 fraud reports, I was warned by a prominent Appraisal Institute member not to submit those of a
certain ethnic race appraiser because he was well politically entrenched and it could backfire on
me," notes the source. "Also, at the same time, I confided in a local Member of the Appraisal
Institute (MAI) about the appraisal fraud both in my local area and inside his local AI
residential membership. This MAI later told me to be careful because I could die by the same
sword I was wielding (a professional death, not physical death)."
I'm looking at an MAI (commercial appraiser) appraisal right now from one of the most respected
appraisers in our area that I know has been influenced in several ways (the appraisal has been
influenced, not him). The representations from the owner of the property concerning zoning,
development, potential purchase offers and comparable sales have boosted the value.
(Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Los Angeles, Commercial Appraisal Services, and Commercial
Appraiser)
8. The behavior of this Member of the Appraisal Institute (MAI) is unacceptable if not outrageous.
I've heard no one suggest otherwise. I dislike putting it this bluntly, but here it is in a nutshell: For
the sake of preserving or regaining integrity in North Carolina appraising, it has become necessary
to put the Appraisal Institute to the test. The questions are these:
9. If memory serves me correctly, it was members of the Appraisal Institute (the self proclaimed
leader of appraisal association, designated with the "prestigious" MAI that were co-conspirators of
the S&L crisis.
Industry organizations are concerned with one thing: their own survival. With appraisal
organizations competing for members, they are more focused on their own self preservation than
on the betterment of the industry as a whole.
The various trade associations are impotent. The members of the Appraisal Foundation only count
as one vote, so they are regularly outnumbered by the members of the very industry that promotes
appraisal fraud.
I believe that a merging of organizations is a necessity. However, I explicitely exclud the AI. The AI
has regularly supported AVMs and stood against the interests of the general practice appraiser, so
it is not longer a viable force for change in the industry. In fact, they have often sided with the
lending industry against the rest of the appraisal organizations.
Again, Roger hits it on the nose. An organzation that is purported to be in existance for the
appraiser. Today, likely 99% of all residential appraisals are communicated to the lender and/or
clients via email or the internet. We most commonly transmit these in .pdf format since Adobe
Acrobat Reader is readily available to all at no cost. Several lenders want appraisals delivered in
what is called AI (Appraisal Institute) ready format. This data format completely rearranges the data
structure of the report. The data is thought to be disseminated into their AVM database. No one but
the insiders can prove this, however this format also does something else which is very disturbing.
The appraiser's digital signature is removed from the report itself and transmitted as a separate .
jpg file. This comprimises the security of the report allowing the possibility of data to be changed. It
is a violation of USPAP for an appraiser to knowingly comprimise the security of their digital
signatures/reports.
Who would have thought? To comply with the Appraisal Institute brand of appraisal delivery, one
has to violate USPAP.
Diane Gilbert, MAI, (Appraisal Institute, commercial real estate appraiser) is appraising a proposed
60,000 square foot upscale
Sales in excess of $15 million are preferred, (MAI COMMERCIAL APPRAISAL) and sales along
The malleability of (real estate) appraisals has been a fact of life since for as long as I can
remember, and that is probably longer than most readers have been alive. Down around the
bankruptcy court, they used to say that "MAI" stands for "Made as Instructed."
In real estate, the Appraisal Institute awards a designation, MAI, Member, Appraisal Institute. For a
variety of reasons, MAI came to have the derogatory meaning, "made as instructed." Being an "mai"
appraiser, whether in real estate, business appraisal, or any other field of expertise is a prescription
for a short-term career. http://merceronvalue.com/archives/2006/04/working_with_bu.html
13. David, from the St. Louis Chapter of the Appraisal Institute, just told me last week that at a
recent seminar, an instructor from Guess Who told the group attending the seminar in Typical
Delphi Scam and Cognitive Dissonance fashion, that appraisers would go out of business if they
refused to perform AVMs for the banking cartel and the GSEs. Sending the Appraisal Institute $950
Bucks in MAI, SRPA, SRA professional dues for 2005 is going to be a really tough decision. If I can
find a real job that pays, they won't get my money anymore. Besides being a State Certified
General Realty Appraiser is just as good as having Made As Instructed behind my name -- because
that's what the public perceives me to be anyway now -- a member of the world's oldest profession.
In 2002, then-Gov. Gray Davis and Sen. Dianne Feinstein, above, announce a $100 million deal for
the Cargill salt ponds. Complaint against appraiser Charles Bailey (MAI) (PDF) The settlement
agreement (PDF)
The appraiser (Charles D. Bailey, MAI) whose report helped set the $100 million price taxpayers
paid in the 2003 Cargill salt ponds deal has been disciplined on allegations that he made numerous
errors and violated federal standards when he set a value for the property.
The state attorney general's office brought a misconduct complaint against Charles Bailey (MAI) of
Mill Valley this summer, alleging 24 significant errors in his appraisal of Cargill lands for the federal
government in December 2000.
Bailey, who denied any wrongdoing, agreed Sept. 27 to a censure of his license, known as a
``public reproval.'' He also will pay $4,000 to cover the costs of the state investigation. Although he
will keep his license and can continue working, any disciplinary action on an appraiser's record is
very harmful to his career, said Deputy Attorney General Char Sachson.
News of the settlement heightened concerns that taxpayers may have overpaid by millions of
dollars when government agencies bought 16,500 acres of Cargill salt evaporation ponds from
Hayward to Alviso to Redwood City in March 2003. It also brought calls Tuesday from political
leaders for less secrecy in public land deals.
Anyone know any sources of gross sales per store data for specific chains? I am appraising three
proposed facilities that are being leased with a level base minimum rent but actual rent is the
greater of that minimum rent or 10% of gross sales. I believe if I use the minimum I could be
undervaluing, but am not comfortable using the projections provided without at least seeing
something to compare them to. They are slightly above the minimum rent threshhold.
Mr. Ness, MAI was apparently so embarrassed by his own lack of knowledge that he has
removed his request from the AppraisalForum.com website. The sometimes humorous
responses are still there however.
We also received this email from site owner (Wayne McKerley) who suggest that we inappropriately
used his copyrighted material.
Paul Ness posted this on AppraisersForum.com. You copied it without my permission or without
Paul's permission to your web site. You also imply that Paul is incompetent by adding the heading
"IS THIS MAI APPRAISER INCOMPETENCY?". Paul is aware of this also and brought it to my
attention.
I need a state licensed or certified appraiser. I am more interested in experience and
education than any phony designations, that try to cover up their lack of experience and
Albany — A real estate appraisal that the City of Middletown relied on to sell off a property two
years ago was so riddled with faults that questions later arose over whether Robert Buckles "
(Appraisal Institute, Associate Member) prepared an appraisal with a predetermined value," a state
investigator testified yesterday. In the same hearing, an expert appraiser testified that the appraisal
of the 14-acre property on Ruth Court used outdated property sales for comparisons.
I am proud to be a member of this professional organization. I had been ignorant to the
extreme member benefits until I began serving on the Board in 1999. I want to inform you of
the advantages regarding Appraisal Institute membership. A few of the programs and promotions
by National which benefit members include.
National has a full time staff of three attorneys in Washington, DC working on our behalf to keep up
with federal legislation and other initiatives that impact our profession and to act as a liaison to the
local chapters in keeping up with state issues. We also have our own local lobbyist who works with
Utah appraisers. Lobbying is one of those behind the scenes activities that many of us may
not give much thought to however, the efforts of these people affect us individually and our
profession in ways that many of us are unaware.
20. Mr. Levy describes in his succinct essay the stranglehold that the banking cartel has on the
realty valuation industry. The Appraisal Institute has an affiliate appraisal management company
called REAS (Real Estate Appraisal Services) which operates http://www.aidirectconnection.com.
REAS is owned by Charter One Financial Corporation, the 25th largest bank holding company in
the USA, home based in Ohio. Royal Bank of Scotland is in merger and acquisition negotiations
with Charter One to become the 7th largest bank holding company in the USA, after the Bank One
and JPChase Manhattan merger as the second largest banking conglomerate. This conflict of
interest doesn't get any more blatant than these facts. ( AI Direct Connection® AI Direct
AI Direct Connection provides the real estate marketplace with an efficient and cost-effective means
to acquire quality appraisal services. Appraisers can sign up, free of charge, to be included on the
fee panel, specifying their services or specialties. AI Direct Connection then sells those services
directly to the client. FIND OUT MORE HERE)
Banks have been widely lauded for their performance through the most recent downturn. Pressure
for revenue growth has invariably led to deal creep--pricing concessions, then deal structure
concessions (covenant, guarantees, advance rates, etc.), and then the rationalization that
otherwise marginal credits are acceptable. It takes both courage and conviction to remain
disciplined and diligent to not trade off your credit risk principles. Looking back at performance
during the last downturn, some things were done particularly well, while others could have been
done better.
Following are a few of the excuses that we all have heard (or have used) in the credit approval
process, along with their subliminal translations.
The Appraisal Institute has had "conflict of issue", issues for many years now. Especially with
Charter One Bank and also Washington Mutual (WAMU). The Appraisal Institute doesn't seem to
care. This being "in bed" with Charter One and Washington Mutual was a big part of our boycott
of the Appraisal Institute a few years ago when the AI decided to create their own AVM (AIRD)
with Charter One Bank and WAMU as their biggest backers.
Also, the AI can't even advertise without lying. They have been running radio ads here in
Massachusetts, where they tout the lie that "Appraisal Institute Members are better qualified and
have more education" than non-Appraisal Institute members. I can't wait till the first homeowner
here gets an AI member with only 2 years experience; and the job is way over their head.
The sooner we as an industry get rid of Appraisal Management companies, and designation "tea
clubs", the better off we will be.
FBI: Appraisal Fraud Serious (Commercial Appraiser, sic); Calls for Industry to Team up with Law
In a June 14 speech, a Federal Bureau of Investigation specialist said that appraisal fraud has
become the most serious form of mortgage fraud. In a presentation to an American Bankers
Association conference in Orlando, Ronda Helig, supervisory special agent for the FBI, said that
appraisal fraud accounts for 80 percent of all the mortgage fraud that is reported and that the
average loss per occurrence of appraisal fraud exceeds $60,000. Based on these figures, Helig
called for a cooperative response between industry and law enforcement.
Successfully using forensic appraisals (appraiser) in the tax courts requires that the property owner
understand the special issues involved with these types of appraisals, as they differ significantly
from typical real estate appraisals. The differences cover the gamut of legal issues from
communication between the client and the appraiser through the legal admissibility of appraisal
methodology.
A judgment confirming an insurance commercial appraisal award involving property damaged by a
wildfire is reversed pursuant to an insured's claims that: 1) the award exceeded the appraisers'
jurisdiction, and the trial court erred by finding he waived the jurisdictional rule; and 2) the court
erred by finding he was precluded from challenging the appraisal award because he took
possession of, but did not negotiate, checks the insurer provided him to cover the award.
Los Angeles City, Residential and Commercial Appraisal Coverage Areas: 90001, 90002, 90003, 90004, 90005,
90006, 90007, 90008, 90009, 90010, 90011, 90012, 90013, 90014, 90015, 90016, 90017, 90018, 90019, 90020,
90101, 90102, 90103, 90174, 90185, 90189, 91331, 91335
Los Angeles County, Residential Appraiser, Real Estate Appraiser, and Commercial Appraisal / Appraiser
Coverage Areas: 93510
Please call for Orange County, Ventura County, Riverside County, San Bernardino, County
Coverage Areas, Real Estate Appraiser Orange Riverside Ventura San Bernardino Counties,
This is the fifth edition of the Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions. The
Standards were originally published in 1971 with the most recent revision published in 1992. The
existing Standards have earned a prestigious position. They are frequently cited by Congress in
legislation relating to the valuation of federal land acquisitions and have guided the appraisal
process in these matters since their original issuance by the Interagency Land Acquisition
Conference. & The Interagency Land Acquisition Conference, established on November 27, 1968,
by invitation of the Attorney General, is a voluntary organization composed of representatives from
the many federal agencies engaged in the acquisition of real estate for public uses. The
Conference adopted and continues to adhere to several goals with respect to land acquisition,
including the promulgation of uniform appraisal standards and guidelines for appraisal reports. The
broad experience of the member representatives of the Interagency Land Acquisition Conference
assures that the federal appraisal standards developed for land acquisitions are uniform, fair, and
efficient. The Interagency Land Acquisition Conference is chaired by the Assistant Attorney
General for the Environment and Natural Resources Division, Department of Justice. Its activities
are conducted by ad hoc committees composed of member representatives.
The Interagency Land Acquisition Conference Executive is Virginia P. Butler, Chief of the Land
Acquisition Section of the Environment and Natural Resources Division, Department of Justice.
James D. Eaton, MAI, of the Appraisal Unit, Department of Justice, authored this 2000 revision of
the Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions. He was assisted in this effort by
Appraisal Unit Chief Brian Holly, MAI; trial attorney Marc Gordon; and Ms. Butler. These Standards
were submitted to the Appraisal Institute for editorial review and the Department of Justice grate-fully
acknowledges the editorial assistance of the Appraisal Institute in their preparation. While the vast
majority of federal land acquisition is achieved through voluntary means, sometimes litigation is
necessary. With this in mind, Mr. Eaton has done an admirable job of updating the case law,
expand-ing the treatment of novel or difficult valuation questions, and recognizing the vast changes
that have recently characterized the real estate appraisal profession.
During August 2006, the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS®’ (NAR) Marketing Research
Department invited 86,777 appraiser members and recipients of the Appraisal Section of the weekly
NAR ListServe message to participate in an online survey. Findings reflected in this report were
collected from responses received between August 10th and 25th, 2006.
The goal of the survey was to understand how Appraiser members conduct their business, obtain
appraisal industry information, and make decisions on their appraisal education and designations.
USPAP 2006: The Loss Of A Few Terms Will Be Less Confusing, I Think December 28th, 2005 by
John Cicero
In January 2006 the new edition of USPAP will be available and distributed, though its changes will
not become effective until June. The Appraisal Standards Board
The revisions in the 2006 Edition of USP Appraisal Practice are the result of two major Appraisal
Standards Board (ASB) initiatives: (1) examination of the proper role of the scope of work and
departure concepts in the appraisal process; and (2) specific review of STANDARDS 9 and 10. The
ASB formally adopted the 2006 USPAP on October 28, 2005 based on testimony presented at
public meetings, responses to three Concept Papers, six Exposure Drafts, and extensive
deliberation by the ASB over a two-year period. (USPAP 2006 Q & A) The effective date of the
2006 USPAP is July 1, 2006 commercial.
June 12, 2006 - Salem, OR. FHA Program Update, Appraisal Reform, & Home Equity Conversion Mortgage
Training. Approved for 6 hrs Continuing Education Credit. Registration required, no fee.
Commercial appraisers and assessors of real estate estimate the value of real property for a variety of purposes,
such as to assess property tax, to determine a sales price, or to determine the amount of a mortgage that might be
granted on a property. They may be called on to determine the value of any type of real estate, ranging from
farmland to a major shopping center, although they often specialize in appraising or assessing only a certain type
of real estate such as residential buildings or commercial properties. Assessors determine the value of all
properties in a locality for property tax purposes whereas appraisers appraise properties one at a time for a variety
of purposes, such as to determine what a good sale price would be for a home or to settle an estate or aid in a
divorce settlement.
FannieMae's Property (Commercial Appraiser, SIC) and Appraisal Guidelines—details their general requirements
for analyzing the property residential appraisal, rather than commercial, aspects of conventional mortgages
secured by one- to four-family properties. It also discusses special considerations for certain types of housing-
units in condominium, PUD, and cooperative projects; manufactured (and other factory-built) homes; Community
Living group homes; mixed-use properties; properties affected by environmental hazards; urban properties;
affordable housing program properties; properties located in special assessment or community facilities districts;
properties subject to leasehold interests (including those held by community land trusts); and energy-efficient
properties—that merit special consideration in the property and appraisal review. Because the evaluation of a
property is such a vital part of the risk analysis, they expect a lender to place as much emphasis on underwriting
the property and reviewing the appraisal as it does on underwriting the borrower's commercial creditworthiness.
-The Appraisal Foundation is a non-profit educational organization founded to foster professionalism in appraising
through the establishment and promotion of (commercial) appraisal standards and (commercial) appraiser
qualifications.-
Editor’s note: On March 16, 2001, Daniel Muller of Morgan Miller Blair presented, “What Every Real Estate Attorney
Should Know About Inverse Condemnation,” to the real property section of the CCCBA. This article discusses
developments in the areas of inverse condemnation and eminent domain (direct condemnation) in the six months
since the presentation. For an outline of the presentation call (925) 937-3600. nverse Condemnation Plaintiffs
suffered setbacks in three inverse condemnation cases decided in 2001. However, a judge in a federal district
court case granted plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment, enjoining the agency from an impending
condemnation for failure to show a public use or purpose for the project.
Cityfeet.com is the premier online resource for finding commercial real estate, specializing in office space,
executive suites, retail, and investment property. Learn more.
Judgment partially against a town in litigation concerning the scope of its right to receive treated water for domestic
use and other needs of the town is affirmed where the trial court (comercial appraiser sic) correctly found that the
districts must continue to provide water to the town, but the reasonable cost of treating the water to make it suitable
for domestic use may be passed through to the consumer.
Commercial Appraiser, Commercial Appraiser Los Angeles, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Estate Appraiser,
Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Appraisal, Special Purpose Property, Office Property, California
Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Estate Tax Appraiser
Appraisal Services: Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Eminent
Domain Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Special Purpose Property, Office Property, California Appraiser, PMI
Removal Appraiser, Free Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser
CIVIL PROCEDURE, DEBT COLLECTION, ETHICS & PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY, & REAL ESTATE,
Where a cause of action is based on a communicative act, the litigation privilege of Civil Code section 47 extends to
those noncommunicative actions which are necessarily related to that communicative act.
Commercial Appraiser Encino/ Appraisal Encino
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Home Health Can’t Sleep? Crooked Teeth, Extra Pounds And Other Surprising Culprits
Can’t Sleep? Crooked Teeth, Extra Pounds And Other Surprising Culprits
Daniel Klauer
There’s nothing like waking refreshed after a good night’s sleep.
For too many people, though, it doesn’t happen enough – if at all.
“No one really knows why we sleep, but we do know that sleep is essential for survival and that 70 million Americans suffer from a sleep problem,” says Dr. Daniel Klauer, DDS, author of Achieve Your Victory: Solutions for TMD and Sleep Apnea.
The inability to log enough hours of shuteye each night is more than just an annoyance. Conditions that prevent or affect sleep can lead to a cascade of negative health consequences, says Klauer, whose dental practice makes sleep breathing disorders a focus.
“A sleep breathing disorder can cause someone to stop breathing, either partially or completely, when they’re sleeping,” Klauer says. “That can result in daytime sleepiness or fatigue that often reduces quality of life and inability to function throughout the day.”
The most common such disorder is obstructive sleep apnea, which can lead to other health problems, including chronic diseases, such as diabetes, and even death. He says he see more men who have sleep symptoms than women.
A number of factors, some less surprising than others, can contribute to obstructive sleep apnea, Klauer says. Those include:
Crooked teeth. If you have crooked teeth, that’s an indication your tongue doesn’t have the space it needs inside the mouth. “When there’s not enough room, the tongue can obstruct the airway,” Klauer says. Of course, even people with straight teeth can have obstructive breathing, he says. It’s just less likely for them.
Improper jaw development. If the maxilla (upper jawbone) and mandible (lower jaw) aren’t fully developed forward and wide, the dimensions of your airway will be reduced.
Swollen tonsils and adenoids. Tonsils and adenoids are lymphatic tissue that rest in the back of the throat and nasal cavity. If they become swollen, they take up space within the airway and cause breathing problems.
Weight issues. Obesity causes increased fat deposition in the soft-tissue passages of the airway and decreased muscle tone. That makes it more difficult to breathe and increases the chances of an airway collapse at night, Klauer says.
Once you’ve determined what problem is causing your obstructive sleep apnea, the next step is to look for solutions. Klauer says the first line of treatment for patients with mild to moderate symptoms is a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine or Oral Appliance Therapy.
CPAP Therapy requires wearing a mask on your face at night that blows air through your nose to keep your airway from collapsing at night.
Oral Appliance Therapy requires wearing a customized oral appliance. This appliance serves to physiologically prevent the collapse of your airway by stabilizing your lower jaw, tongue, and soft palate.
If these efforts don’t work, surgical options may be necessary, Klauer says. Regardless, it’s important to address the issue, not only because of the health concerns, but also because of the importance of rest.
“The quality of sleep ultimately determines the quality of life,” Klauer says. “Sleep gives the body a chance to rest, recover and rejuvenate. It is the body’s way of filling the tank back up with gas.”
Dr. Daniel Klauer, DDS, is author of Achieve Your Victory: Solutions for TMD and Sleep Apnea (www.tmjsleepindiana.com).
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Remote Learning: Check out these student articles + interactives.
Compilations of Past Issues
Download or order free compilations of Heads Up teacher and student materials.
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Drug education materials for classroom use are organized into two sections on this page:
Annual Compilations
Posters and Poster/Teaching Guides
NEW! School Year 2019—2020 Compilations — A collection of science/ELA student articles, lessons, and activities that help students understand important and timely facts on health and drug and topics. In the 2019—2020 compilations, students will learn about the health risks of marijuana for teens; facts about opioids and the opioid crisis in America; and the health impacts of screen time on teen health and well-being.
• Download Student Edition [PDF 4.8 MB]
• Download Teacher Edition [PDF 2.1 MB]
• Order Copies of Student Edition
• Order Copies of Teacher Edition
School Year 2018—2019 Compilations — A collection of student articles and teacher lesson plans in science, health, and language arts that help students understand facts about important and timely drug education topics. Students will learn about brain development in adolescence and the harmful effects of drugs; find out about the health dangers and risks for teens of e-cigarettes; and understand why it is not safe to take medications with other substances.
School Year 2017—2018 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans in science, health, and language arts that help students understand facts about important and timely drug education topics. Students will learn about the role of genetics in a person’s risk for addiction; find out about the dangers of synthetic drugs; and build skills to help them separate good science from misinformation in the news and on the Internet.
• Download Student Edition [PDF 5 MB]
School Year 2016—2017 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans in science, health, and language arts designed to help students understand facts about timely and important drug education topics. Students will have the opportunity to: find out how brain imaging techniques work and how they provide scientists with key information about drug use; learn about how stress affects the body and healthy ways to cope with it; and understand important facts about America’s opioid overdose crisis and how to stay safe.
School Year 2015—2016 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students the facts about timely and practical topics in drug education. Students will have the opportunity to: find unbiased, scientific answers to their questions about drugs and health; understand how their brains make decisions and how to better navigate peer-pressure situations; and receive information on the bodily risks associated with opioid medications.
School Year 2014—2015 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students the facts about timely and practical topics in drug education. Students will have the opportunity to: sort out questions about marijuana amid shifting perceptions and laws; gain a scientific understanding of drug addiction, relapse, and recovery; and learn facts about e-cigarette risks and evaluate e-cigarette marketing.
School Year 2013—2014 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the extraordinary complexities of the brain, including such topics as how drugs overload the brain's reward system; how actions in youth impact the brain's efficiencies through synaptic pruning; and why teen brains are inclined toward impulsivity as well as the benefits of "pausing" before making decisions.
School Year 2012—2013 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the wide-ranging effects of various drugs on the brain, body, and life.
School Year 2011—2012 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about marijuana, including topics such as breaking down myths about marijuana, the science of how marijuana affects the brain, and the myth of "medical marijuana."
• Download Teacher Edition [PDF 934 KB]
School Year 2010—2011 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of abusing prescription pain medications, including topics such as the difference between the proper use and abuse of prescription drugs, prescription stimulants, and facts from a leading scientist on the dangers of abusing prescription drugs.
• Download Student Edition [PDF 1.28 MB]
School Year 2009—2010 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as answers to questions about drugs commonly asked by teens, teen research in addiction science, and how to use facts to help make smart decisions when it comes to drugs.
School Year 2008—2009 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as genetics and drug addiction, teen research in addiction science, facts about stimulants, and drug rehabilitation.
School Year 2007—2008 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as consequences of impairment from drug abuse, facts about hydrocodone, how to talk with your doctor about your health, and the brain science behind teen decision making.
School Year 2006—2007 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as the science of addiction, effects of tobacco addiction, the connection between stress and drug abuse, and the health risks associated with drug abuse.
School Year 2005—2006 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as methamphetamine, inhalants, prescription drugs, and influences on teen decision making.
School Year 2004—2005 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans on the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as the science of drug addiction, the teen brain, the connection between drug abuse and AIDS, abuse of inhalants and prescription drugs, and the connection between drug addiction and obesity.
School Year 2003—2004 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as cocaine, LSD, and prescription painkillers.
School Year 2003—2004 Skills Book — A collection of 16 reproducible skills pages full of facts and activities on drugs of abuse.
• Download Skills Book [PDF 13.7 MB]
School Year 2002—2003 Compilations — A collection of articles and teacher lesson plans designed to teach students about the repercussions of drug use, including topics such as tobacco, marijuana, ecstasy, inhalants, heroin, and steroids.
• Download Student Edition [PDF 16.1 MB]
Heads Up: Real News About Drugs and Your Body is an educational collaboration between the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and Scholastic Inc. The series provides science-based information about the effects of drugs and drug abuse on the brain and body through articles distributed in Scholastic classroom magazines for grades 6–12. Posters and poster teaching guides, as well as annual compilations of student and teacher editions, are available as the following free Adobe PDF downloads, or by ordering them free through NIDA.
Poster/Teaching Guide: Stand Up Against Bullying (2017) — The lesson and activities in this program will help students develop awareness and skills to help them respond to situations that involve bullying. Includes a classroom poster, lessons and activities, and work sheets.
• Download Poster & Teaching Guide [PDF 3.7 MB]
• Order Copies
Poster/Teaching Guide: Respect Others. Respect Yourself. (2016) — This guide develops students’ understanding of how respect is key to healthy behaviors and building healthy relationships. Includes a classroom poster, lessons and activities, and work sheets.
Poster/Teaching Guide: Drugs + Your Body: It Isn't Pretty (2012) — A graphic tour of how various drugs of abuse affect the body, focusing on the brain, lungs, mouth, skin, heart, and risk of death. Includes a classroom “body” poster with facts, along with four skills sheets.
• Download Poster [PDF 7.8 MB]
• Download Lessons and Activity Reproducibles [PDF 3.8 MB]
Poster/Teaching Guide: Marijuana—Download the Facts — Paired with essential facts about the risks of marijuana use, critical-thinking activities that help students analyze the meaning behind media and social messages.
• Download Poster [PDF 985 KB]
• Download Poster—Español [PDF 2.4 MB]
• Download Lessons and Activity Reproducibles [PDF 4.67 MB]
• Order Copies—Español & English
• Order Copies—English
Poster: Prescription Drugs — This classroom poster graphically illustrates the double-sided nature of prescription drugs.
Poster/Teaching Guide: Facts on Drugs—Teen Guide to Making Smart Decisions — This poster teaching guide helps students understand the serious short- and long-term effects of drug, tobacco, and alcohol use, as well as the importance of informed decision making.
• Download Poster [PDF 1.16 MB]
Double-Sided English/Spanish Poster: Drugs and the Body—It Isn't Pretty (Updated 2019) — A graphic tour of how the body is affected by using drugs. Includes an annotated “body” poster for your classroom wall.
• Download Double-Sided Poster English/Spanish [PDF 7.7 MB]
• Download Poster—English side [PDF 7.4 MB]
• Download Poster—Spanish side [PDF 7.4 MB]
• Order Copies of Double-Sided English/Spanish Poster
Poster/Teaching Guides
Additional Resources from
the National Institute
on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Educators Page
Science-Based Teaching Guides
National Drug Facts Week
About Heads Up
About NIDA
NIDA for Teens
NIDA in the News
From Scholastic and the Scientists of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
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« ‘Big achievement’, says DRDO chief after Centre approves LCA Tejas deal
Welcome Tejas Mk1A. Now Let’s Turn ‘Make in India’ Programme… »
Two Friends To Send India’s First Private Remote Sensing Satellite On ISRO Rocket
Published January 14, 2021 | By admin
SOURCE: OUTLOOK INDIA
The first name that comes to our mind when we talk about private space companies is Elon Musk’s SpaceX. However, now you will soon have India’s Pixxel space start-up.
You read that right! Pixxel Space will soon join ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) as it readies India’s first homegrown private, commercial Earth-imaging satellite.
Pixxel is a young aerospace start-up from India, started by two BITS Pilani graduates Awais Ahmed and Kshitij Khandelwal in February 2019. It has become Asia’s only space start-up to qualify for the 2019 Techstars Starburst Space Accelerator in Los Angeles.
The satellite designed by Pixxel Space will be called Anand – It is the first of the many Earth-imaging satellites that it plans to launch in space to offer a new kind of dataset while offering global coverage every 24 hours.
Pixxel developed software tools that use AI-based algorithms to offer crucial insights that can come in handy in industries like agriculture, oil and gas, agriculture, forestry, climate change monitoring and others.
Reports have also revealed that the primary payload on the Pixxel rocket will house a Brazilian earth observation satellite named Amazonia. PSLV C51 is scheduled to launch sometime in February 2021.
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IDWRITERS
Discover INDONESIAN WRITERS database in English
6 Must-Read Indonesian Novels, Stories, and Poems
All Things Books / Recos
About Apple and Knife, Man Tiger, Sergius Seeks Bacchus, The Book of Jakarta: A City in Short Fiction, The Majesties, The Wandering,
Written by Will Heath, and was originally published in Books and Bao,
Indonesia, Asia’s largest archipelago, is one of the world’s most ethnically, religiously, and culturally diverse countries. It is a place called home by every kind of human being. As soon, Indonesian novels, stories, and poems offer readers that same kind of diversity and excitement.
The Indonesian novels, stories, and poems found here do not encompass the entire literary scope of Indonesia, but they do offer a few wonderful places to begin reading Indonesian books in translation. Here, you’ll find some of Indonesia’s best writers, poets, and translators.
Are you an Indonesian writer? We'd like to include you!
As of now, our resource library consists of approximately 515 writers, 660 books by 189 publishers, 568 contributing authors, 855 (301 coverages, 180 clippings, and 374 reviews) articles published in 270 media outlets, 57 works in translation, and 54 useful resources that we consider particularly worth noting.
For short, “idwriters” is a site devoted to showcasing Indonesian writers and/or book authors, along with their publications, journals, and other literary resources in English. Our main feature, the writers directory, provides a way for writers to find one another, but more importantly the resources provided makes it easy for event hosts,—especially for international event hosts—, literary organizers, arts administrators, librarians, booksellers, and readers to get in touch with writers. We built this site because we noticed the lack of resources dedicated to Indonesian literature, especially one that is accessible to the international community.
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Ann Wixley
kirk in People
Interview Kirk Truman
Portraits Si Melber
“…It seems a leap, but the habits that I learnt as a dancer still apply.”
A distinctive looking and impeccably dressed redhead with a wicked smile, Ann Wixley can usually be seen making her way through Fitzrovia, the neighbourhood she now calls home. But long before she was the Executive Creative Director at media agency Wavemaker UK, Ann was a ballet dancer, born and raised in Cape Town, South Africa. Taking elegant puffs on a cigar, she told me about these two very different careers and the unexpected qualities that connect them…
Tell me about your upbringing back home in South Africa and how you ended up becoming a ballet dancer
I remember when my mother suggested that I grow my hair. I was about eight years old, with a thick bowl cut which offset my fat cheeks unflatteringly. It was after winning a prize at the annual ballet eisteddfod in Cape Town, where I grew up. This was the start of a 17-year calling to become a ballet dancer.
My hair finally in a bun and stubbornly hairsprayed earned me the short-lived nickname at primary school of ‘Ethel Hairspray’. I realised then that peer pressure simply wasn’t for me. The notion of wanting to be a part of a large group in order to pick on a smaller group that was slightly different seemed ludicrous even then.
My career as a principal ballet dancer was relatively short but rich, if not in earnings. I joined CAPAB (Cape Performing Arts Board) at 17 as their ‘baby ballerina’ to perform solo and principal roles. After four magical years I moved to Pretoria to join PACT (Pretoria State Theatre) to enjoy their diverse repertoire of Balanchine, Sir Ronald Hynd, Roland Petit and a favourite Fokine classic, The Firebird. I performed a soirée for President FW De Klerk’s wife Marijke’s birthday, for Nelson Mandela’s Inauguration Ceremony at the Union Buildings, and for Princess Caroline of Monaco in Lausanne, alongside Darcy Bussell as a fellow Prix de Lausanne winner.
How did you transition from your career as a dancer to working in media?
I now work in advertising at Wavemaker UK where I create and direct ideas and content that work with media and technology to solve marketing problems for clients.
It seems a leap, but four habits that I learnt as a dancer still apply. The drive for finding empathy with a character and my audience; the knife edge of performance under pressure; a love of context – the bigger picture of a narrative within which one, or one’s ideas, can play only a part. And stamina.
The hops and skips in between make the leap less dramatic. I created events as a freelancer, joined a creative PR agency to work on clients like Levi’s and Smirnoff, followed by a media strategy agency where I started up their ideas division. From Africa’s big sky I moved to the Big Smoke of London and joined a large media agency where I created this current role and have been practising it for the last eight years.
It still gives me pleasure to wear ‘normal’ clothes not ballet togs every day. I like to bend them to my will; after all you should wear the clothes, not the other way around. Colour, line and clothes that move appeal to my senses. I have an archive of treasures that I rotate: my favourites are usually Vivienne Westwood and Y3, mixed with vintage pieces found by my mother when I was 17.
What does the Fitzrovia neighbourhood mean to you as your home?
I live in Fitzrovia now with my partner, a fashion photographer. From this thin sliver of town, we can glimpse the green of Fitzroy Square and stroll through the seasons in Regent’s Park. We are regulars at Bobo Social for their simply delicious burgers, caffeinated at Charlotte Place’s Lantana and stay sane thanks to the friendly Fitness First on TCR. A stone’s throw from the Virginia Woolf blue plaque, I’m proud and grateful to be in a room of my own.
@annwixley
Written by kirk in People on Jul 05, 2018
Tagged ann wixley, fitzrovia, journal, kirk truman.
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Sonic Lost World Review
The Best Of Irrational Passions
Irrational Passions Podcast
RPG University
Trip to NintendoLand
Zack Rupp
With this addition to the Sonic collection coming exclusively to Nintendo, it’s a little hard not to get excited for it since some of memorable games like Sonic Color and Sonic Adventure 2 Battles were exclusive to their respective Nintendo console. That being said, this exclusive return to Nintendo is lackluster when compared to the progress the past couple Sonic titles produced. Even though Sonic Lost World reflects the charm in regards to the levels from Mario Galaxy, the overall experience of this title can leave a bad taste in your mouth for future Sonic titles.
Sonic Lost World introduces the fans to the Zeti, a race of creatures native to the Lost Hex. The title focuses on a group of Zeti named the Deadly Six, which is a generous term for most of these characters. Zavok, Master Zik, and even Zazz are zeti characters that have some interesting qualities that I enjoyed while chasing them around the different levels. As for the remaining three, Zomom, Zeena, and Zor, they don’t seem deadly at all, and the reasons for having to chase them around seem tedious at times. In fact, some of these characters seem deadlier to themselves, with Zomom’s obsessive eating disorder and Zor’s depression, than they could ever be to Sonic.
The storyline for Sonic Lost World is fun to see Dr. Eggman team up with Sonic and Tails to take down Zavok and the rest of the Zetis. Although, it would have been a nice addition to the game if you were able to play as Dr. Eggman or Tails during a mission to help Sonic overcome a mechanical obstacle. Even though it may be a Sonic title, it’s always a greater experience when a game gives the availability of a character to be played for certain scenarios. Tails and Dr. Eggman could have had some enjoyable levels together as a dysfunctional duo of geniuses.
The levels can range from challenging and lively to dull and repetitive. There were certain levels that were able to mesh together the 3D experience to side scrolling gameplay in a cohesive fashion that tied the level together well. Some of these levels weren’t lucky enough though, and seemed more like a hassle to constantly change in between the two settings. The levels I had the most fun out of were the levels that incorporated a lot of rail sliding to keep the fast pace of Sonic alive.
It’s not to say that this game was lessened because of its lack of speed at times, but the appeal to this title would have improved if there
were ways to travel faster. At times, there can be some areas that don’t help increase your speed through the level, and the ability to spin dash can help, but can cause sloppy gameplay resulting in too many lost lives in a simple area. I would have enjoyed this title more if I could have had a happy median between the slow walking pace of the Blue Burr and the reckless spin dash.
The controls for this Sonic title never really got in the way of my satisfaction for the game, except for certain times when using the Orange Rocket color power. It’s use of the Wii U gamepad is inviting as you can plan where to shot Sonic off to on the gamepad, but at times the screen can get disoriented making it impossible to figure out which way to go.
It was a nice addition to Sonic Lost World to see the color powers return again. These different powers allow Sonic titles more versatility in game experience. This title adds to the Wisps that were introduced in Sonic Color by including five new Wisps, while still maintaining the original six. It’s a fun to see these color powers grow throughout the Sonic titles, I just wish the same could be said for the gameplay.
Nintendo’s Miiverse has been a new way to interact with other players on the same title. We’ve seen innovative ways of communicating with others in Wind Waker. Although Sonic Lost World doesn’t take advantage of this outlet of the Wii U and only reflects what the title Luigi U did with Miiverse. It’s not to say this is a useless way to communicate through Miiverse, but with Nintendo having the Wii U under its belt for over a year roughly, it’s time to see developers expand on keeping interesting edge to connect through the Miiverse.
This game hits a few bumps along the way that kept this title from utilizing the potential it had. If Sonic Lost World had seen more time during development, there’s no doubt the potential would have been reached, but that simply isn’t the case. Although it’s nice to have another Sonic title out, the game could use more attention to detail to really allow this game to flourish.
This review is based on a retail copy of the Wii U version of the game.
Return of the Blue Burr
Lacks in common Sonic Thrill
The Best of a Generation: PS3
How to Survive Review
Destiny 2 Beyond Light Review
Mike Burgess
The Legend of Heroes: Trails of Cold Steel 4 Review – A Conclusion Well Worth the Wait
IP Podcast 490: Nabeshin’s Final Episode
Nabeshin’s final episode as a regular host.
IP Podcast 489: Finally Some Bugsnax
IP Podcast 488: Next Gen
Grindstone is Still Very Good in 2021
Jarrett Green
Copyright © Alex O'Neill & Irrational Passions 2010-2019
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HR and Education Tech Powerhouses Showcase Verifiable Career Credentials via Velocity Network™
Wednesday, 02. December 2020 17:59
DENVER, Dec. 02, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Today, some of the biggest names in human resources and education technology, staffing, contingency workforce and employment screening announced a critical industry milestone, demonstrating their seamless integration to the blockchain-based Velocity Network, to innovate with diverse use cases through verifiable career credentials that accelerate learning, education and career pathways for students and workers. This marks the culmination of months of collaboration, following the public announcement of the Velocity Network Foundation launched in January of this year.
Through live demonstrations, the Velocity Network now features the first multi-vendor scenarios showcasing the new world of work that leverages self-sovereign, verifiable digital career credentials. We call it the Velocity Experience Center.
The first three scenarios showcased are:
The future of career pathways for education, training and employment, improving career entry and ongoing career advancement across roles, employers and certifications.
The future of licensing and compliance management, enhancing lifelong professional learning, development, licensing and compliance.
The future of global workforce mobility, simplifying national and international career mobility.
The Velocity Network is an open source, vendor-neutral platform governed by a collaborative, democratic, nonprofit foundation—the Velocity Network Foundation. It is through this ecosystem that industry leaders from across human resources and education technology are building a globally accessible, trustworthy Internet of Careers™.
The vendors demonstrating their seamless integration to the Velocity Network are members of the Velocity Network Foundation and most have moved beyond initial proofs-of-concept to active development work. They are interacting through their software and the Velocity Network to demonstrate how self-sovereign digital credentials transform experiences for students, the workforce, and for businesses. This group includes: Cisive, Cornerstone, Credential Engine, Economic Modeling (EMSI), HireRight, Korn Ferry, Oracle, Randstad, Relias, SAP SE, SumTotal Systems, and UKG (Ultimate Kronos Group).
“The Foundation has made a giant step forward,” said Dror Gurevich, CEO of the Velocity Network Foundation. “Today’s demonstration is a milestone that serves as a proof point of the industry’s ability to come together to tackle our industry’s biggest problems and build a new world of work that truly works for everyone. It works because it’s open, democratic and collaborative: titans of industry have come together to shape the future.”
Live demonstrations of these workforce scenarios are now available for viewing to imagine the art of the possible. The participating vendors are supporting the creation of individual’s self-sovereign career credential digital wallet, representing thousands of schools and employers.
As an open source, standards-based infrastructure, the participants within the Velocity Network are actively issuing and exchanging verifiable career credentials, leveraging current and emerging standards and common schemas to ensure data interoperability across the labor market, including: World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Verifiable Credentials, Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs), Open Badges, Learning and Employment Record (LER) Wrappers and Wallets, Credential Engine’s CTDL, and the Comprehensive Learner Record (CLR), all of which are common across the education market and the verifiable credentials space. Exchanged credentials currently span individual identity and contact information, employment history, training, industry and professional certifications, post-secondary and continuing education, licenses, and assessments. As a global credential exchange infrastructure for the industry, supported standards and credentials will continue to expand as prioritized by the governing board of the Foundation.
Member Organization and Third-party Quotes
“Our mission is to help employers and candidates reach their full potential,” explains Karen Fichuk, CEO at Randstad North America. “We have aspirations to touch the working lives of 500 million people by 2030. And we want to lead the world of work, given our position as the largest HR solutions firm. We are optimistic that the use of verifiable career credentials will accelerate our vision, and remove some of the friction that exists in the process today. It will certainly change the way that we do things but we want to be part of that versus impacted by it. That's why we are so active with the Velocity Network Foundation.”
“As work and skills become much more dynamic, organizations need to shift away from a top-down approach and focus on the needs of individuals,” said Meg Bear, SVP, Products, Operations & Engineering, SAP SuccessFactors. “The Velocity Network is creating a way for individuals to own their credentials throughout their career journey. While this ownership helps verify completed courses, degrees and certifications to potential employers, it also gives more agency to the individual to continue learning and developing new skills by ensuring these credentials will be transferrable and trusted even if their job or employer change.”
“We are involved in many initiatives focused on delivering self-sovereign credentials to individuals,” said Deborah Everhart, Chief Strategy Officer at Credential Engine. “The Velocity Network is a remarkably advanced ecosystem that puts learners and workers at the center, empowered by its framework for technology, compliance, and governance. Working in conjunction with the Velocity Network Foundation, we have a clear path to enabling millions of employers, educational institutions and individuals to link to open data and the tools needed to use that data effectively in education and employment processes.”
“This important work opens up new possibilities for improving the talent experience,” said Heidi Spirgi, Chief Strategy and Marketing Officer at Cornerstone OnDemand. “With the ability to deeply understand the individual and personalize their experience through blockchain credentials, we can reinvent the way we assess, plan for and develop talent to meet the growth needs of people and businesses.”
“At Oracle we see huge potential in the role of blockchain and careers. A verifiable credential ecosystem provides assurance at many levels, and the trust it creates will open up significant new opportunities for so many people and organizations,” said Nagaraj Nadendla, SVP of Product Development, Oracle. “From verifying career credentials and improving the recruiting process, to enhancing career mobility opportunities, the benefits are endless. We are excited to see the momentum that the Velocity Network Foundation has already made to-date and are looking forward to continuing our partnership with them moving forward.”
“This is a significant milestone in our combined mission, working in close collaboration with Velocity Network Foundation to the whole new world of work leveraging self-sovereign, verifiable digital career credentials,” said Debasis Dutta, Vice President and General Manager, Products at SumTotal Systems. “It’s incredibly exciting and validating to see the varied real world use cases of verifiable career credentials in action. 2020 has been monumental for the Internet of Careers movement. Not only has the global pandemic accelerated the adoption of remote work, it has also confirmed the need for skills development to establish a future-fit workforce. We look forward to working further with the Velocity Network to provide solutions that transform the experience for learners and the efficiency for organizations, by leveraging the trusted and verifiable credentials ecosystem.”
“Participation in the Velocity Experience Center has allowed Relias to take the first steps towards helping our learners keep a lifelong record of their training. Such a tool will make training more efficient for both learners and employers. We look forward to seeing the Velocity Network flourish so that healthcare workers can have their entire, verified work and education history available at their fingertips,” said Andrew Robinson, Vice President of Innovation & Corporate Development at Relias.
“Since its inception, Korn Ferry’s primary goal has been to help people and organizations succeed,” said Korn Ferry Institute President Jean-Marc Laouchez. “This innovative, forward-thinking, collaborative platform will change the way profiles and qualifications are verified, opening up opportunities more quickly and efficiently.”
“Cisive is proud to be a part of this collaborative project that will transform the way career credentials data is managed through innovation,” stated James Owens, President and CEO at Cisive. “We are excited to be part of this initiative that will enable self-sovereign digital career credentials to enhance talent screening processes in the new world of work.”
"Emsi is honored to join this group of innovative organizations in demonstrating a revolutionary, open-source digital wallet,” says Kelly Bailey, Global Skills Evangelist at Emsi. “Today, we take a huge step forward towards breaking down the triple E (employers, employees, and educators) ‘telephone game’ we have been playing for too long, and we move closer to more equitable hiring and learning processes."
“It’s great to see so many industry leaders connecting their HCM and Ed Tech to the Velocity Network,” says Holger Mueller, VP and Principal Analyst at Constellation Research. “When launched into their customer install base, this new functionality will enable tens of thousands of employers and schools to validate student, employee and candidates’ career history through a revolutionary blockchain network. This is real progress towards true digital transformation of the labor market, fixing the broken data layer underlying the global labor market and accelerating learning, education and career pathways for students and workers.”
“Verifiable education and job-related credential tracking has long been fraught, causing issues for employers and job-seekers alike,” said internationally renowned industry veteran Katherine Jones, Ph.D. “The work of the Velocity Network members to develop demonstrable standards-based technology for immutable credentialing, licensing, career history and educational transcripting is a major step forward. Trust in the validation provided through blockchain technology will alleviate credentialing fraud, allowing employers to make more informed and timely decisions, and save job-searchers from redundant and time-consuming requests for college transcript, credentials, and job employment verification.”
Video: Demonstrating the Velocity Experience Center
Storyboard: The future of career pathways for education, training and employment is here!
About the Velocity Network Foundation
The Velocity Network Foundation is a nonprofit organization established by Velocity Career Labs, a developer of innovative blockchain technology. The Foundation exists to govern the use of the Velocity Network by all involved parties; continuously build the rulebook, a common framework that ensures operational consistency and legal clarity for every transaction; promote global adoption and support among stakeholders and constituents; guide the development of the decentralized protocols; and support research and development of applications and associated services, fostering a community of open-source developers.
For more information, please visit us at velocitynetwork.foundation.
Ana Hoepfner
Influencer and Media Relations Ana.Hoepfner@velocitycareerlabs.com
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The Law reports, Titles, tables of cases and indexes to Chancery Division, Family Division, Queen's Bench Division of appeal cases
The instance The Law reports, Titles, tables of cases and indexes to Chancery Division, Family Division, Queen's Bench Division of appeal cases represents a material embodiment of a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in Biddle Law Library - University of Pennsylvania Law School.
The Resource The Law reports, Titles, tables of cases and indexes to Chancery Division, Family Division, Queen's Bench Division of appeal cases
Titles, tables of cases and indexes to Chancery Division, Family Division, Queen's Bench Division of appeal cases
London, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales
London, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales,
Description based on: 1985; title from cover
(NIC)4251608
Context of The Law reports, Titles, tables of cases and indexes to Chancery Division, Family Division, Queen's Bench Division of appeal cases
<div class="citation" vocab="http://schema.org/"><i class="fa fa-external-link-square fa-fw"></i> Data from <span resource="http://link.law.upenn.edu/resource/3cPqJK4MVxE/" typeof="Book http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/Instance"><span property="name http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/label"><a href="http://link.law.upenn.edu/resource/3cPqJK4MVxE/">The Law reports, Titles, tables of cases and indexes to Chancery Division, Family Division, Queen's Bench Division of appeal cases</a></span> - <span property="potentialAction" typeOf="OrganizeAction"><span property="agent" typeof="LibrarySystem http://library.link/vocab/LibrarySystem" resource="http://link.law.upenn.edu/"><span property="name http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/label"><a property="url" href="http://link.law.upenn.edu/">Biddle Law Library - University of Pennsylvania Law School</a></span></span></span></span></div>
Data Citation of the Instance The Law reports, Titles, tables of cases and indexes to Chancery Division, Family Division, Queen's Bench Division of appeal cases
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View & Add Comment
Want free tickets for Liverpool Sound City?
Liverpool or Manchester: Which is the most important musical city? Tell us, and also enter our competition to win gold VIP wristbands for parties and gigs galore
Published on April 30th 2008.
THE first ever Sound City music festival and conference is just weeks away. It will take place in Liverpool from 27-30 May with some of the hottest acts and hottest hopefuls all lined up to grace a city which turns out music legends in its stride.
This four-day event, which is part funded by Merseyside Acme, will see the city play host to a number of established acts, such as Reverend and the Makers, The Wombats, DJ Yoda, and Hercules and Love Affair as well as breakthrough talent from across the globe, and all played out in Second Life for anyone across the globe who can't make it here.
As well as labels and artists, Sound City plans to stage lots of debates including Liverpool vs Manchester, featuring the likes of Peter Hooton, Ian McNabb, Peter Hook and John Robb who will all argue the toss over which city has produced the best music. The Smiths, versus The Bunnymen? The Farm versus The Mondays? The Beatles versus the world? Is there a contest? Does the fact that this event is being staged in Liverpool say it all?
But that is far from all. Other conferences, at the Hard Day's Night Hotel, will feature keynotes from luminaries from the music business, such as Midge Ure.
There will also be label parties taking place such as Domino (home to The Arctic Monkeys), Deltasonic (The Coral, The Zutons), Moshi Moshi and Wall of Sound (Reverend and the Makers, The Infadels).
So would you like to go? Today we are offering you the chance to win one of three pairs of gold wristbands which give you VIP access to all the gigs and parties across the whole four days. Phew.
To be in with a chance of winning one of these fabulous prizes, tell us, in your humble opinion, which is the best musical city (Liverpool or Manchester) and why in the RANT box below.
Actually, if you haven't got a humble opinion, but would quite like to enter the competition anyway, just fill in the COMPETTION boxes beneath that.
Closing date: Friday May 17
For more info on Liverpool Sound City and tickets click here
By entering your details above you are consenting to receive emails containing offers and informational updates from liverpoolconfidential.com. You can unsubscribe at any time by visiting /. For more information please view our privacy policy.
7 comments so far, continue the conversation, write a comment.
Karen McAllesterApril 30th 2008.
Re Liverpool v Manchester I think it depends entirely on your mood of the day. Liverpool equals upbeat, Manchester equals introspective (or miserable)!
Reply To This...
AnonymousApril 30th 2008.
The Beatles wing it for Liverpool every tome, so not contest.
GraciebabyApril 30th 2008.
I Live here, not Manchester, so Liverpool is the BEST.
Re Liverpool v Manchester
Have you met the sousers? sound bunch!
GARYBOYLANApril 30th 2008.
If a City can produce bands such as The Real People, that do not get noticed then it just goes to show the quality of bands that come out of this City. Liverpool continue to produce music that appeal to people right accross the board.Most people have only heard "There She Goes" by The La's, and still most of the bands today, from all over the country, cite them as one of their biggest influences.No contest!!!!
PeterApril 30th 2008.
salford is the best! Sounds from the Other City this Sunday around Chapel Street
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The Top 5 Albums of 2014
At our final Team Meeting of 2013, there was one consistent complaint across all regions of the PoA Pty Ltd global identity — we'd continually failed to captialise on the World Wide WWW's love of annual wrap-up lists. We'd failed to compile and publish a list of the Top 100 Beyonce Songs of 2013. We'd also never publicly noted the Top 12 Moments International Publications Mentioned Courtney Barnett That Made Us Feel Like Absolute Trendsetting Legends. Hell, we'd even forgotten to update our Top 18 U-God Aliases of All Time. Not one to shy away from the paramount responsibilities bestowed upon a Fortune 5 Million publicly-listed entity, we've taken this feedback and run with it. All the way to the bank. Cha-ching. Feel the hits.
Here's a complete list of the best albums of 2014. All comments posted contradicting this list will be immediately deleted. See ya in 2015.
This is NOT a photo of Bruce Springsteen. Putting this image here is slightly misleading.
5. Bruce Springsteen - High Hopes
Never one to shy away from irony, on his 124th album The Boss [citation required] jokingly jabs in the direction of his gigantic fanbase. "I feel the pressure of continually producing songs as good as Born To Run. My fans have grand expectations.", sneers Bruce, between sips of Guava-flavoured Vitamin Water. Meanwhile, in the corner of the room, Tom Morello giggles in that high-pitched hyena-like pitch he's become world-renown for.
It's funny that even Large Record Labels with all their expertise into the technology that empowers their industry still fail to successfully correlate the relationship between Soundcloud Album Previews and Album Leaks. High Hopes is officially out on January 14. Happy new year Web Sheriffs.
4. King Louie - Drilluminati 2
The sequel to 2012's monster Drilluminati was released just before Christmas, but because of that calendar period's traditional connection with Joy and Goodwill there seemed little room for an album with an opening track entitled Fuck Is These Niggaz. But it's not all grammatical slip-ups, this tape is a genuine testical-sweller, ideal for office cubicle psych-ups ahead of 'chatting' with your Boss (#noSpringsteen) about that New Year pay increase.
Free download via Datpiff.
3. French Montana - Coke Boys 4
Frenchy and the Fellas (included the recently "coked in", Lil Flip) on their fourth lap around. Featuring guest spots from Lana Del Ray (um, it's just a sample), Rick Ross, Diddy, Snoop and Wiz.
And, best of all, those with the New Years Resolution to hear Jadakiss over a Harry Fraud beat can just take the next twelve months off...
Bonus points for following up the intro with a skit. Audacious move Monty.
2. Yon Yonson - Hypomantra
We've been reaching around on Sydney's Yon Yonson for a little while now. This is their best work to date and while the ever-humble duo describe it as "some terrible songs about red wine, tertiary education, boredom, trailer parks and chinese pancakes", it's much much more. A wonderfully spacious collage with more ideas than tracks, genuine experimentation without all that "we know we're pretty experimental". You know exactly what I mean.
Available as a pay-whatever-yer-like download over on Bandcamp.
1. Bare Grillz - Friends
Eighteen Woodstock Cans Deep* on #NYE2013 and it was collectively decided that this was the only thing worth getting out of bed for in 2014. Other than Season 2 of House Of Cards. Obvs. Two from two.
Grab the limited-edition vinyl of Friends now over on Bandcamp.
* Also the name of my Heavy Metal Bluegrass troupe. New album out in the second quarter of 2015.
Yon Yonson
Bare Grillz
No Good (Winter)
Good Friday? More like Bloody Great Friday
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HomeYour first and follow up appointment + > Osteopathy fees and appointments > osteopathy is it safe?Osteopathic Treatment + > aesthetic osteopathy > Naturopathy > X-Rays, MRI, CT and other testsExpert WitnessJeremy Kenton + > Broadcasting media > Curriculum VitaeContact Us and downloadsPrivacy, confidentiality and GDPR
OSTEOPATH Jeremy M Kenton D.O.
Osteopath Medical Broadcaster Expert Witness
Centro Comercial Arenal 1.16, Avenida del Pla 126, Javea, 03730, Alicante, Espana
Your first and follow up appointment +
Osteopathy fees and appointments
osteopathy is it safe?
Osteopathic Treatment +
aesthetic osteopathy
X-Rays, MRI, CT and other tests
Jeremy Kenton +
Broadcasting media
Contact Us and downloads
Privacy, confidentiality and GDPR
WHAT THE PAPERS SAY
“Diagnostic excellence…..” The Independent
“..Jeremy Kenton is one of Britain[s
leading Osteopaths”
“Kenton dispenses advice on a healthy lifestyle”
“Jeremy Kenton knows about joint strain”
“Kenton is raising public awareness about posture”
a thorough case history
an appropriate detailed examination
referral for x-ray or MRI
referral when necessary
Welcome to this practice which has been established since 1979 when Jeremy Kenton qualified.
Since then he has been involved in the care and treatment of many thousands of patients both privately and within the NHS. In private practice in Harley Street, London for over 30 years he numbers many high profile and well known people amongst his patient list. He has treated people from all walks of life and feels that personal attention to you as an individual is vitally important for your health care.
With over 40 years of qualified clinical experience in the treatment and management of a variety of musculo-skeletal conditions he feels that an accurate diagnosis is vital before commencing treatment. Diagnostic Imaging such as x-ray and MRI are an important part of that diagnostic approach.
Lecturing and Health Broadcasting
Jeremy has lectured extensively both in Europe and the United Kingdom and also broadcast on health topics on national and local radio and television. He was a senior lecturer at The British College of Osteopathic Medicine in London for many years. He still lectures and mentors at post graduate level.
Expert osteopathic medical witness
Since qualifying he has taken a particular interest in Medico-legal work with over 38 years experience. In that time he has provided Medico-legal reports for many solicitors and Insurance companies. Acting for both claimant or defence and he is trained as a Single Joint Expert. Additional work has been performed with him providing opinion on criminal cases for defence and the Crown on a number of high profile cases.
He has also acted on a number of occasions as expert in disciplinary, regulatory and Professional Conduct Committee hearings both for defence and The General Osteopathic Council.
He has written and lectured extensively on medico-legal issues in relation to personal injury and osteopathic ethics.
for appointments call or whatsapp +34 603 831 567 or email jeremymkenton@aol.com
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CALL FOR PAPERS: Green Britain: Nationhood and the Environment 1500-1750
25th June 2016, Shakespeare Institute, Stratford-upon-Avon
CfP deadline: 31st March 2016
Abstracts of 250 words for papers of no more than twenty minutes in length to be sent to greenbritain2016@gmail.com
Keynote speaker: Professor Karen Edwards, University of Exeter
During the early modern period, national identity was increasingly defined by the dynamic between people and the environment they populated. While many still longed for the pastoral ideal of Britain as the ‘Eden of Europe’, the looming threat of pollution, natural disaster, resource depletion, and urbanisation beset the thoughts of contemporary writers, theologians, and politicians. Though it had been long held that the environment had an observable influence on the fortunes of a nation and the character of its citizens, the inhabitants of early modern Britain now became gradually conscious of their impact on the natural world. Environmental issues of increasing variety and scale plagued early modern Britain as society struggled to sustain a rapidly expanding population. From changes in agricultural land use and poor forestry management, to the increasing reliance on the smog-inducing ‘sea-coal’ for fuel, many feared adverse effects on the minds, bodies, and souls of British citizens. Against this backdrop of environmental degradation, Britons were also forced to contend with the harshest decades of the so-called ‘Little Ice Age’ and a series of extreme weather events that were habitually seen as acts of divine retribution against the Lord’s elect nation. Further to this, new scientific developments in meteorology and geography, and the rise of Baconian methodology, increasingly affected the contemporary theory and practice of environmental governmentality. Differences in race, ethnicity, and national character were explained according to climate and colonies judged on their suitability to the British complexion, with climatological observations acting as an incentive for colonial exploitation.
Beyond vague collocations of Merry England’s ‘green and pleasant lands’, ‘Green Britain’ therefore aims to explore the complex relationship between national identity and the environment in a period of tumultuous ecological change. What conclusions can we derive from the study of early modern environmental issues, and how can we apply these to the complex idea of the early modern identity? To what extent is nationhood defined by the dynamic that exists between people, space, and place? And furthermore, is it possible to define an early modern attitude toward green issues? To this end, we invite proposals for both panels and papers based on the themes of nationhood and/or early modern ‘green’ issues for our one-day interdisciplinary symposium on 25th June, 2016.
Topics may include, but are not limited to:
Emerging scientific discourses
Climate theory
Cartography and map-making
Seascapes and maritime history
Cultivation and Agriculture
Geography and Meteorology
Astrology and Cosmology
Enclosure and land ownership
Colonialism and Empire
Providence and providential disaster
Ecological issues
Diseases and cures
Animals and animal rights
https://greenbritain.wordpress.com/
@greenbritain16
CALL FOR PAPERS: MEMS Summer Festival
MEMS Summer Festival is a two-day celebration of all research in the Medieval and Early Modern periods, including the study of religion, politics, history, art, drama, literature, and everyday culture of different nations from c.400-1800. The festival is designed to bring together scholars from a range of disciplines, academic schools and institutions in order to foster conversations, build a greater sense of community, and develop a research network for all masters and PhD postgraduate students and academic staff within the South-East of England.
We would like as many students and staff as possible to come and talk about their work, and therefore invite the following:
Abstracts of c.250 words for individual research papers of 20 minutes in length on any subject contained with Medieval and Early Modern studies. Early work is as welcome as more advanced projects, and in each case we’re interested to hear about your methodologies and working practices.
Abstracts of c.700 words from a group of three who would each like to present a subject specific panel with research papers of 20 minutes in length. Ideas from CHASE students so far include medieval patronage of all kinds, for which separate a call will be sent out, and early modern written cultures.
If you have an idea but no fellow panellists, we are happy to publicise it for you through our channels and under our Festival banner, but with your own contact details. Please contact us at the email below.
This is a wonderful opportunity to showcase some of your own research, share ways of working, benefit from the ideas of others, and develop networks for future collaboration. This year’s festival will be held at the University of Kent at Canterbury.
Please submit all paper and panel applications to: memsfestival@gmail.com by 15th April 2016.
This event is jointly sponsored by the Centre for Medieval and Early Modern Studies at the University of Kent, the Consortium for the Humanities of the Arts South-East England, and the Eastern Arc Research Consortium.
CALL FOR PAPERS: Early Medieval Graphicacy in a Comparative Perspective
International Conference: Early Medieval Graphicacy in a Comparative Perspective
University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo
9–10 June, 2016
Organizers: Prof. Ildar Garipzanov and Dr Romy Wyche
This conference is the last of a series for the Graphicacy and Authority in Early Medieval Europe Project. The aim of the project has been to gather scholars from a wide range of disciplines to discuss the increasing role of non-figural graphic devices across a wide range of media, from manuscripts to architecture and mass-produced objects.
Visual communication in Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages is conventionally analysed using methods specific to either figural imagery (and visualcy of the past) or literary productions (and literacy). In contrast, our project focuses on non-figural graphic devices which are intermediaries between texts and pictures, and which appear during Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. The project operates with a working hypothesis that these graphic compositions attest to early graphicacy, which has been defined as a visual mode of communication of conceptual information and abstract ideas by means of non-figural graphic devices, which may comprise inscribed letters, words, or decorative symbols. For a recent discussion of early graphicacy, click here and for more information about the project, please visit our website.
Our previous conferences have examined functions and contextual usage of graphic devices such as monograms, christograms, the staurogram, the sign of the cross and symbolic ornaments on a wide array of material as well as the monogrammatic and decorated initials, graphic symbols, and ornamental designs that appear in early medieval manuscripts. In this closing conference, we would like to include early non-figural graphic devices that are more familiar to specialists in modern graphicacy, namely maps and diagrams.
The objective of this conference is to gather scholars from a wide range of disciplines including but not limited to art history, archaeology and cultural history of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages in the Latin West and Greek East for comparative discussions of early non-figural graphic devices in different media, regions, or chronological periods. We are especially interested in papers dealing with different forms of early graphicacy in a comparative perspective as well as common cognitive mechanisms that enable their deployment in visual communication.
Please submit your proposal (about 300 words) and a short academic CV (no more than a page) at the following link by 1 October, 2015. Places are limited to allow us to subsidise some costs, including registration fee and refreshments. If you have any question please contact Dr Romy Wyche at r.m.wyche@iakh.uio.no.
CALL FOR PAPERS: Shakespeare in the North
Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
Professor Lisa Hopkins (Sheffield Hallam)
Professor Richard Wilson (Kingston)
Professor Peter Davidson (Aberdeen)
The four-hundredth anniversary of Shakespeare’s death in 2016 will, more than ever, focus attention on this question: where and to whom does Shakespeare belong? Much critical work has been done on Shakespeare’s global reach and ‘travels’, especially in relation to processes of colonisation and postcolonial emancipation. Through this work, Shakespeare has been shown to be ‘local’ to many environments across the globe, however problematically. Equally, thinking about Shakespeare’s role in, and appropriation and construction by the various, conflicted, diasporic, devolving and devolved communities of the British Isles has become a critical orthodoxy. Yet what of Shakespeare’s position in locations which, while not seeking independence or devolution through political means, retain a strong sense of being different and separate from official (privileged) strands of national culture? Because they do not fall neatly into the categories of either the ‘nation’ or the ‘colony’, these locations and their engagement with Shakespeare can become invisible and critically neglected. This neglect corresponds with such locations’ perceived and actual socio-political distance from sites of cultural and political power.
We therefore welcome 200-word abstracts for 20-minute papers that might address the following questions or related topics:
As we approach another moment of significant reflection on Shakespeare’s place in the world, can and should we speak of ‘Shakespeare in the North’?
When we say the ‘North’ where do we mean? What are the North’s edges and boundaries? How does addressing questions like these affect perceptions and uses of culturally central figures like Shakespeare?
How can we extend our understanding of the tensions involved in seeing Shakespeare as a ‘universal’ writer and seeing him as a property of a particular nation, to a micro-level of regional reception, reinvention, and appropriation?
In what ways has Shakespeare been appropriated in the ‘North’ of England, Scotland and Northern Ireland? What effects has this appropriation had on Shakespeare and the regions of the ‘North’?
How, for example, do Barrie Rutter’s Northern Broadsides challenge understandings of ‘metropolitan’ Shakespeare?
What might the function and history of the Royal Shakespeare Company’s annual visits to Newcastle upon Tyne tell us about the role of professional (and amateur) Shakespearean theatre in provincial locations?
In a political climate in which Northern territories actively query notions of ‘British unity’ (in both Scotland and Northern Ireland), what relevance might Shakespeare have to ‘Northern’ political autonomies?
What theoretical frameworks might be applicable to understanding ‘regional’ or local Shakespeares?
What is at stake in the scholarship surrounding the biographical and religious controversies surrounding Shakespeare’s ‘time’ in the ‘North’?
How did Shakespeare and his contemporaries demarcate and perceive the ‘North’ and Northern-ness?
Please submit abstracts to Adam Hansen by 1 January 2016 (adam.hansen@northumbria.ac.uk).
CALL FOR PAPERS: Marian Iconography East and West
The Tenth International Conference of Iconographic Studies
to be held in Rijeka (Croatia), June 02 - 04, 2016
Center for Iconographic Studies - University of Rijeka (Croatia) in collaboration with Study of Theology in Rijeka, University of Zagreb (Croatia), University of Thessaly (Greece), University of Ljubljana (Slovenia), Gregorian Pontifical University Rome (Italy)
The conference seeks to explore and discuss recent development in the dialogue between theology, art history, philosophy and cultural theory concerning the iconography of Mary in Eastern and Western art. We welcome academic papers that will approach this subject in an interdisciplinary and methodologically diverse way.
The themes and subjects can include the following:
early representations of Mary
images of intercession and authority
devotional iconography
Mary Mother of God
Virgin as queen
Mary as Ecclesia
Mary and Eve
Life of the Virgin
post-Tridentine iconography
hermeneutical and phenomenological aspects of Mary
Paper proposals should be submitted electronically to cis@ffri.hr
Deadline for paper proposals: March 30, 2016
Sanja Jovanović
Center for Iconographic Studies
Sveucilisna avenija 4
E-mail: cis@ffri.hr
A paper proposal should contain:
1. full name, institution, affiliation, address, phone number(s), e-mail address
2. title
3. abstract (maximum 2 pages – 500 words)
Deadline: March 30, 2016
Invitations to participate will be sent out by email before April 15, 2016
There is NO registration fee
Administration and organizational costs, working materials, lunch and coffee breaks during conference as well as all organized visits are covered by the organizers.
All presented papers will be published in the thematic issue of the IKON journal in May 2017.
Please contact us for any additional information.
web page: http://ikon.ffri.hr
Download info .pdf
The Musical Humanism of the Renaissance and its Legacy
Online registration is now open for the University of Warwick’s Conference.
To book a place please visit:
Conference details:
Warwick in Venice, 2-4 June 2016
Theme: In modern Western culture, music is often defined as the art of feeling or the language of the soul. This conception of music has its origins in the musical humanism of the Renaissance, whose influence on musical thought was as enduring as it was widespread. Even though Renaissance humanism had no concrete link to the musical practice of antiquity, humanistic concerns were pivotal for the development of contemporary music and musical thought. Ancient and medieval stories about musical ethos, in particular about the power of music to move the passions, were of special interest to Renaissance scholars. This conference will investigate these Renaissance conceptions of the connection between music and mind, their origins, and how they were ultimately developed into our modern notion of music as an expressive art.
For more information, please contact us at j.w.prins@warwick.ac.uk.
Jacomien Prins
Centre for the Study of the Renaissance (CSR)
University of Warwick, IAS, Millburn House
t.: +44 (0)24 765 73639
e.: j.w.prins@warwick.ac.uk
e-Portfolio: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/ren/about_us/centrestaff/researchfellows/prins/
https://www.facebook.com/jacomien.prins ~ @JacomienPrins
CALL FOR PAPERS: Shakespeare and Cervantes: 1616 - 2016
2016 marks the fourth centennial of the death of the greatest Renaissance writers: William Shakespeare and Miguel de Cervantes. Potential contributors are invited to celebrate their global cultural legacy. Submissions might address any related issues including, but certainly not limited to, the following:
The myth of authorship: Cervantes’s fictitious authorship (Mata, 2008) and the Shakespeare authorship question (Bradbeer and Casson, 2015)
Shakespeare’s and Cervantes’s role in the genealogy of such modern ideas as love and friendship (Donskis, 2008) as well as in the humanist educational revolution;
The two writers’ concerns overlapping with our understanding of Green politics (Egan, 2006);
Imitating and imitated: Shakespeare, Cervantes, and the dynamics of literary influence;
Servants’ resistance (Shin, 2010) in Shakespeare’s and Cervantes’ works as a literary solution to the narrative and ideological problem of ineffectual or tyrannical authority;
Popular historical and political appropriations of Shakespeare and Cervantes as part of a wider popular culture interest and investment in the Renaissance (Semenza, 2010);
Shakespeare, Cervantes, and the problem of adaptation: the wide variety of guises under which their work circulates;
Shakespeare’s wife (Greer, 2008), Cervantes’s daughter, and the ‘problematic’ woman (Gay, 1994) in their life and works;
The roots of political theory and the discourse of politics in the writings of Shakespeare and Cervantes (Cascardi, 2012).
Deadline for article submission: 1 June 2016. We welcome papers in English, Spanish, French, German, and Romanian. Please send the abstracts (ca 200 words), the full paper (up to 7000 words), as well as a brief biographical note (ca 400 words) to the following addresses: lumi_t@yahoo.com, corneliamacsiniuc@yahoo.com
For details regarding style, please visit the following page:http://meridiancritic.usv.ro/index.php?page=instructions-to-authors
We also welcome book-length studies in the field of literature and linguistics, published in 2015, to be reviewed in our journal. Please send the books to the following address: Meridian critic, Facultatea de Litere şi Ştiinţe ale Comunicării, Universitatea „Ştefan cel Mare” Suceava, Str. Universităţii nr. 13, 720229 Suceava, Romania
CALL FOR PAPERS: Green Britain: Nationhood and the...
CALL FOR PAPERS: Early Medieval Graphicacy in a Co...
The Musical Humanism of the Renaissance and its Le...
CALL FOR PAPERS: Shakespeare and Cervantes: 1616 -...
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Shelf Life by Claes Oldenburg By Andrianna Campbell
Shelf Life by Claes Oldenburg
Andrianna Campbell
The term “shelf life” was coined in the 20s to refer to how long a product could remain on a shelf while retaining its freshness. It feels more midcentury, though, when everything mass-produced was cool, the future was standardization, and people worried about spoilage. Claes Oldenburg’s “Shelf Life Number 6” (2016-2017) is a small sculpture, noticeably diminutive for an artist best known in recent decades for large-scale projects in collaboration with Coosje van Bruggen. Admittedly, the new work dramatizes the scalar shift: An oversized pencil has its tip nudging a white block and this nib is just anterior to a flagrantly wild-red banana skin. There is a rawness that pervades these new Oldenburgs, with none of the glossy, sparkling finish fetish of the giant installations.
They—the “Shelf Life” series—live in a condition of oscillation between displaying items that simulate mass-produced products for sale on a standardized shelf and, upon closer look, harboring that irregular patina associated with the handmade on the surfaces. It is impossible to not see the shelves and be reminded of Oldenburg’s “The Store,” when he turned his Lower East Side studio into a shop hawking artwork that emulated foodstuffs, hats, oranges, and frippery.
In “Shelf Life Number 6” Oldenburg offers the inedible red banana that reminds me of being an 18-year-old RISD student and pretending not to understand the radicality of his “Floor Burger” from 1962. My then-T.A. didn’t get how radical it was that it was fun. Squishy. Squishy as in for play…made from foam rubber and cardboard wrapped in canvas and painted with acrylics but also materially not made for play. In these shelves you can see that Oldenburg —the trickster.
The Document Agenda: pretty on the surface
The unfinished business of William Eggleston’s Los Alamos
A meticulous recreation of Giacometti’s studio is now open to the curious
The Document Agenda: “They could not escape time’s eraser”
Looking back on that neatly packaged era, it is easy to think that Oldenburg was doing what everyone else was doing. The year 1962 was when Warhol exhibited at Ferus Gallery, displaying his “Campbell’s Soup Can” paintings on ledges in one long line like in a general store. Jim Dine and [James] Rosenquist and the Pop pantheon; Wayne Thiebaud’s paintings of baked goods in a bright case; and [Robert] Rauschenberg picking up trash to work in the gap between art and life and all that weird energy of the 60s. Consuming and wanting to inhale what was inconsumable, and some strange scopophilia finally let loose upon the world.
When I think of back then, I can’t help but be reminded of Richard Hamilton’s “Pop Art is: Popular (designed for a mass audience), Transient (short-term solution), Expendable (easily forgotten), Low Cost, Mass-Produced, Young (aimed at youth), Witty, Sexy, Gimmicky, Glamorous, Big Business.” In some ways the objects in the “Shelf Life” series are consistent with Hamilton’s terms, but Oldenburg was always different, more misfit Happenings than Warhol glamor. The new series continues a legacy of assembling mixed media, but they exist in the now, when products are even more rapidly replaced by their rebranded counterparts before expiration.
Like that pizza slice, that red banana peel, or the aquamarine mug that I can’t take my eyes off in “Shelf Life Number 9,” these are all—yes—low cost, expendable, transient, and also whimsical objects or goods. Moreover, Oldenburg manages to integrate their humor into their materiality. If there is any irony in these titles, it is how they refuse the trappings of any noticeable shelf life: no graphic-designed labels; no trendy colors. They exist in an almost constant non-spectacular state: their confounding materiality peeling back to reveal layers of intrigue.
Claes Oldenburg’s “Shelf Life” is on view October 13-November 11, 2017 at Pace Gallery, 537 West 24th Street, New York.
Andrianna CampbellArtClaes OldenburgDocumentedIssue No. 11Pace Gallery
Jack Pierson automates his artistic impulses
Loie Hollowell’s bodily landscapes
The fight of black America, through the lens of Gordon Parks
“Shelf Life Number 2.”
“Shelf Life Number 11.” All images copyright 2017 Claes Oldenburg. Photography by Kerry Ryan McFate, courtesy of Pace Gallery.
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Period doubling
From Scholarpedia
Charles Tresser et al. (2014), Scholarpedia, 9(6):3958. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.3958 revision #142883 [link to/cite this article]
Post-publication activity
Curator: Charles Tresser
Jonathan R. Williford
Alessandra Celletti
Nick Orbeck
Edson de Faria
James Meiss
Pierre Coullet
Dr. Charles Tresser, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, New York
Dr. Pierre Coullet, Institut Non Lineaire De Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France
Dr. Edson de Faria, Universidade de Sao Paulo (IME-USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
A period-doubling bifurcation corresponds to the creation or destruction of a periodic orbit with double the period of the original orbit. These bifurcations are especially prominent in the theory of one-dimensional, noninvertible maps, i.e., dynamical systems that are actions of the semi-group $\Z^+$ on the unit interval, where infinite cascades of period-doubling bifurcations are typical, and exhibit certain universal properties.
1 Period doubling bifurcations, with a view on universal cascades
1.1 Local period doubling bifurcations in a nutshell
1.1.1 Formal presentation of our framework
1.1.2 Dynamics defined by iteration of a continuous map
1.2 Universal cascades of period doubling bifurcations
1.3 Topological Universality and other precursors and asides
1.4 Period doubling bifurcations seen on signals
1.5 Dependence upon the dimension
1.6 Period doubling: a one-dimensional phenomenon for maps
1.7 Local analysis for maps in dimension 1
1.8 The bifurcation diagram for period doubling bifurcations
1.9 Local theories are only local
1.10 The frequent miracle of asymptotics
1.11 From loss of stability to more generally one less stable direction
1.12 Period doubling bifurcations from any period
2 The Schwarzian derivative in the context of period doubling
2.1 On a theorem by Élie Cartan
2.2 Singer's Theorem and the first developments
2.3 The macroscopic meaning of $Sf<0$
2.4 The negative Schwarzian, from hypothesis to conclusion
Period doubling bifurcations, with a view on universal cascades
Local period doubling bifurcations in a nutshell
Formal presentation of our framework
We will only consider here dynamical systems that correspond to the action of the groups $\Z$ and $\R$, or the semi-groups $\Z^+$ and $\R^+$, on some phase space. For any such semi-group or group $G$ and any $x$ in the phase space, $O(x)=\{\phi_t(x)\}_{t\in G}$ is the orbit of $x$. Sometimes we refer to an orbit simply as $O$; it is then implicit that $O$ is $O(x)$ for any of the points $x\in O$, which happens for any orbit for a group action but only for periodic orbits (to be discussed next) for actions of semi-groups (orbits that are indeed special both for groups and for semi-groups actions).
We often deal with a sequence $O_0$, $O_1$, $O_2 ,\, \dots\, O_k ,\dots$ of such orbits of particular interest to us. We also consider parameter-dependent orbits $O_\mu$ (or $O_{k,\mu}$, $k=0,1,\ldots$ if we are dealing with sequences of orbits), where $\mu$ varies in some parameter space or portion thereof. Since the (semi) group $G$ carries a linear order compatible with its structure, we may talk about periodic orbits, i.e., orbits such that $O(x)=\{\phi_t (x)\}_{t\in G}=\{ \phi_t(x)\}_{t\in K}$ where $K$ is an interval of elements of $G$ that can be replaced by any translate of itself. The smallest length of such a $K$ is the minimal period, $\tau_{\min}$, of the periodic orbit (or the period (of said periodic orbit)), and any integer multiple $\tau$ of $\tau_{\min}$ is called a period (of said periodic orbit). The periods of a periodic orbit are characterized by the fact that $\phi_\tau(O)=O$, point-wise, i.e., $\phi_\tau(x)=x$ for all points $x$ of $O$. In what follows, by period we mean the period, except otherwise specified. This convention is useful when dealing with bifurcations, i.e., changes in the topological structure of the set of orbits.
When $G$ is $\Z$ or $\Z^+$ (respectively $\R$ or $\R^+$), a periodic orbit either has a finite number of points (respectively, is an embedded circle). In any case, it is a compact object that is invariant under the action of $G$, that is: it is just forward-invariant if $G$ is one of the semi-groups $\Z^+$ and $\R^+$ and it is fully invariant (i.e., forward and backward invariant) if $G$ is one of the groups $\Z$ and $\R$.
These four cases for $G$ are all of interest when studying the period doubling bifurcation, but a major role will be played by the case $G = \Z^+$; it corresponds to the iteration of noninvertible maps.
Dynamics defined by iteration of a continuous map
For the dynamics defined by iteration of a continuous family $f_\mu$, a period-doubling is a "bifurcation" whereby a $\tau$-periodic orbit $O_{0,\mu}$ looses its 'stability as the parameter $\mu$ crosses the critical value $\mu_c$ of $\mu$ (we will assume, w.l.o.g. that $\mu$ crosses from below), and at which point either
a stable $2\tau$-periodic orbit emerges (supercritical period doubling); or
an unstable $2\tau$-periodic orbit coalesces with $O_{0,\mu}$ and is destroyed (subcritical period doubling).
From this point on we assume that the families of dynamical systems are sufficiently smooth---see Remark 1 below---to rule out some pathologies that make the picture more complicated. We will also assume that the families and their members are generic except otherwise specified. For example, for generic semi-flows the period of an orbit varies continuously with the parameter $\mu$.
Universal cascades of period doubling bifurcations
In order to emphasize the special status of period doubling among other local bifurcations, we will briefly review what has made the development of our understanding of cascades of period doubling (bifurcations) so important in the overall development of smooth dynamical systems theory and its many applications to mathematics, sciences, and technology.
The local theory of period doubling looks like any other local bifurcation theory, e.g., if one takes the second iterate in the case of a map, the period doubling bifurcation gets replaced by a non-generic pitchfork bifurcation. Period doubling is however quite special because it is often met in models for natural phenomena in infinite cascades of period doubling bifurcations that have metric universality properties that resemble what is observed in second order phase transitions.
Remark 1. Throughout this article, $C^3$ is enough smoothness for whatever is stated about one-dimensional dynamics. Often much less is required but the smoothness requirement for universality depends on the dimension (Gambaudo and Tresser 1992). An important consequence of Universality as seen in period doubling cascades is that, while the difference between any two smoothness classes lies under the atomic scale (indeed under any finite scale), high enough smoothness has macroscopic, hence quite visible consequences.
Consider a one parameter family of smooth enough unimodal interval maps $f_\mu$, hence maps with a single critical point, say 0 assumed to be a maximum up to change of variable. By genericity $f^"_\mu$ is bounded away from 0 near $x=0$ so that, writing $f_\mu(x)=f_\mu(0)-a_\mu |x|^\beta+h.o.t., $ the exponent $\beta$ of $f_\mu$ is 2. We will also informally comment on maps with exponent $\beta\geq 1$. For every natural number $i\in \{0,1,2,\dots\}$, let:
$\mu_i$ be the (largest) parameter value such that 0 belongs to a periodic orbit of period $2^i$ of $f_{\mu_i}$ while $f_{\mu_i}$ has no periodic orbit of period $2^{i+1}$, (with more words one could also use the period doubling bifurcations between $\mu_i$ and $\mu_{i+1}$);
$\overline{\mu}_i$ be the (smallest) parameter value such that $f_{\overline{\mu}_i}$ has topological entropy $h(f_{\overline{\mu}_i})=\frac{\ln 2}{2^{i+1}}$ where the topological entropy $h(f_\mu)$ describes how much chaos there is in the dynamics of $f_\mu$.
Setting $\delta_i={\mu_i}-{\mu_{i-1}}$ and $\overline{\delta}_i={\overline{\mu}_{i-1}}-{\overline{\mu}_{i}}$ one has: \[ \tag{1} \mu_\infty=\lim_{i\to\infty} \mu_i=\lim_{i\to\infty} \overline{\mu}_i\,, \] an equality that puts the boundary of topological chaos defined as $h(f_\mu)>0$ at $\mu_\infty$. Some deep theorems now yield Eq.(1) under mild conditions: see (Melo and Strien, 1993) for an extensive bibliography and a broad coverage of one-dimensional dynamics.
Conjecture 1. [Parameter-space Universality 1] One has (Feigenbaum, 1978; Coullet and Tresser, 1978; Tresser and Coullet, 1978) \[ \tag{2} \frac{\Delta_{i}}{\Delta_{i+1}}\to\delta\equiv \delta(2)=4.669201609101990\dots\,. \] The critical exponent $\nu(\beta)=\frac{\ln 2}{\ln{\delta (\beta)}}$ allows us to write $2^i\propto(\mu_\infty-\mu_i)^{-\nu(\beta)}$, where the period length $2^i$ appears as a correlation length when $\mu<\mu_c$, and there is a $\nu(\beta)$ for any exponent $\beta$ with $1< \beta$.
Conjecture 2. [Parameter-space Universality 2] Furthermore (Tresser and Coullet, 1978) \[ \tag{3} \frac{\overline{\Delta}_{i}}{\overline{\Delta}_{i+1}}\to\delta'\equiv \delta'(2)\,\, {\rm ,}\,\,\, \nu'(\beta) \equiv \frac{\ln 2}{\ln{\delta}'(\beta)}=\nu(\beta) \,\,\,{\rm for}\,\, \beta>1\, \,\,{\rm with}\,\, \nu'(1)=1\,, \] $h(f_{\overline{\mu}_i})\propto (\overline{\mu}_i-{\mu}_\infty)^{\nu'(\beta)}\,\,\,{\rm and}\,\,\,2^i\propto (\overline{\mu}_i- {\mu}_\infty)^{-\nu'(\beta)}$ where the noisy period length $2^i$ appears as a correlation length for $\mu>\mu_\infty$.
The equality $\nu(\beta)=\nu'(\beta)$ for $\beta>1$ is called a scaling law in statistical mechanics.
Conjecture 3. [Phase-space Universality] The map $f_{\mu_\infty}$ has a measure theoretic attractor that is a Cantor set whose small scale geometry is asymptotically universal (Feigenbaum, 1978; Coullet and Tresser, 1978; Tresser and Coullet, 1978), with the ratios of the Cantor set accumulating in a universal Cantor set of ratios (see (Birkhoff et al., 2003) and references therein).
Like in the case of second order phase transitions, the explanation of the universality phenomenology was proposed in terms of a Renormalization Group (or RG) theory, leading to another conjecture about how some RG procedure should explain the universal behavior observed on one-dimensional maps (Feigenbaum, 1978; Coullet and Tresser, 1978; Tresser and Coullet, 1978; and other dynamical systems as initially reported in (Coullet and Tresser, 1978) ).
Such considerations lead to the following renormalization conjecture. Consider the two renormalization operators, ${\mathcal{R}}_1$ acting near the critical point and ${\mathcal{R}}_{0}$ acting near the critical value, where ${\mathcal{R}}_{1}$ and ${\mathcal{R}}_{0}$ associate to a map $g=f_\mu$ with $\mu\in (\mu_0, \overline{\mu}_0]$ a rescaled version of the restriction of $g^2$ respectively to $[x_1,x_0]$ and $[x_0, x_2]$ where $x_i=g^{-i}(x_0)$ and $x_1<x_0< x_2$. With enough smoothness, the ${\mathcal{R}}_{j}$'s can be applied $i+1$ times for $\mu\in (\mu_i, \overline{\mu}_i]$, and infinitely many times on $f_{\mu_\infty}$.
Conjecture 4. [Renormalization] If the exponent of $f_\mu$ is 2, there exists a codimension 1 unstable fixed point for any of two Renormalization operators with the same unique unstable eigenvalue, $\delta$, that accounts for the behavior described in Conjectures 1 and 3 (Feigenbaum, 1978; Coullet and Tresser, 1978; Tresser and Coullet, 1978) and in Conjecture 2 (Tresser and Coullet, 1978). Furthermore, the stable manifold of these fixed points contains all smooth enough unimodal maps with a generic, quadratic, critical point. For other exponents, one has to restrict to the proper class of maps or the renormalization fixed points have more directions of instability.
Combining these conjectures with further numerical experiments and results from asymptotic methods and Poincaré maps applied to differential equations (ODE's and PDE's) also led to the following conjecture (Coullet and Tresser, 1978).
Conjecture 5. [Applicability and observability] Cascades of period doubling with the generic $\delta$ also happen in the transition to chaos in families of dissipative diffeomorphisms of the plane, whence, using well known techniques, in families of differential equations and in the natural phenomena and engineering settings that they model closely enough (Coullet and Tresser, 1978).
In particular, Coullet and Tresser each told Libchaber in February 1978 that a universal period doubling cascade was to be expected in the convection experiments that Libchaber and Maurer were conducting at the Ecole Normale Supérieure, in a setting where one period doubling was already reported by Libchaber: Libchaber and Maurer reported the observation of the universal period doubling cascade in 1980 (Libchaber and Maurer, 1980).
Progresses toward these conjectures for one dimensional maps have been considerable following a major breakthrough by Sullivan (1992) (see in particular Avila and Lyubich, 2011; De Carvalho et al. 2005, Davie, 1999; de Faria et al., 2006; Lyubich, 1999; McMullen, 1994; Sullivan, 1992) although many questions remain wide open. The global real analytic theory of Sullivan, Lyubich, McMullen, Avila, etc and the smooth generalization of Davie, de Faria-de Melo-Pinto followed an earlier computer assisted local theory by Lanford and the theory for the exponent $\beta=1+\epsilon\,$ by Collet, Eckmann, and Lanford that used perturbation methods that could not cover $\epsilon$ close to 1. The universality theory for dissipative embeddings of the disk and higher dimensional maps is still in its infancy (De Carvalh et al., 2005), driven by Lyubich, Martens and collaborators after early steps by Collet-Eckmann-koch and Gambaudo-van Stiren-Tresser who indicated the first connection of universality with the difficulties in proving a Closing Lemma in smoothness class $C^2$ and above.
Topological Universality and other precursors and asides
Before metric universality was discovered, combinatorial and topological forms of universality were described for real maps, for instance in a theorem by Sharkovskii (1964) that remained too long mostly unknown (see also Metropolis (1973); Milnor and Thurston (1988)), and RG-related ad hoc theories were formulated to understand some of that (Gumowski and Mira, 1975; Derrida et al., 1978).
The first detailed study of the cascade of period doubling bifurcations was made on quadratic maps and already used a computer and references to dynamics in $\C$ (see Myrberg (1963) and references therein). Many people later contributed to various aspects of 1-dimensional dynamics, from combinatorics and topology to measure theory. It was recognized that Nielsen-Thurston's classification of homeomorphisms of surfaces contained the seeds of a discussion of topological universality in 2-dimensional dynamics. For maps on 2-manifolds that are smooth enough, no chaos can appear in a one parameter family without cascades of period doubling (Yorke and Alligood, 1985) but, although no cascade is needed before the transition in that setting, Tresser has conjectured that there is a cascade before any transition to chaos for smooth enough families of uniformly area contracting embeddings of the 2-disk. First steps toward that have been made by Gambaudo, Tresser, etc.. Due to a result by Bloch and Hart, $C^1$ is enough smoothness to prove that a full period doubling cascade must precede chaos on the interval. Such $C^1$ cascades have no metric universal properties.
Several other examples of universality, topological and/or metric, and associated RG's were later discovered in maps in one and more dimensions, an early example being (Derrida et al., 1978). Among these, only period doubling cascades yield a codimension-1 transition to chaos, but the relevance of universality and RG goes way beyond the transition to chaos. Strongly asymmetric critical points first studied by Arnéodo-Coullet-Tresser and other hypotheses of the piecewise type will not be considered here; some may consider that we have included all that in the list of pathologies, but the main reason why we keep mute on that and many other sub-topics is the explosion of findings and results on matters related to period doubling and cascades of such events.
Period doubling bifurcations seen on signals
Consider a dynamical system. We call signal a segment of orbit of a measure theoretic attractor, expressed as vectorial function of time, or one of the coordinates in general position as a scalar function of time so that some partial embedding of the attractor can be reconstituted from that one dimensional time dependent signal. Such signals are easily piecewise approximated (“piecewise" because of numerical noise) in numerical simulation and essentially correspond to (reasonably) asymptotic time signals segments that can be extracted from actual experiments. There might be several coexisting signals corresponding to different measure-theoretic attractors. We are particularly interested in the cases when some typical signal $X_{0,\mu}(t)$ that is periodic with period $\tau(X_{0,\mu}(t))$ when $\mu\in [\mu_c-\epsilon, \mu _c]$ turns to a signal $X_{1,\mu}(t)$ periodic with period $\tau(X_{1,\mu}(t))$ when $\mu\in (\mu _c, \mu_c+\epsilon]$ with \[ \tag{4} \lim_{\mu\to \mu_c^+} (\tau(X_{1,\mu}(t)))\;=\;2\cdot\lim_ {\mu\to \mu_c^-} (\tau(X_{0,\mu}(t)))\ . \] Here $\epsilon>0$ is assumed to be small enough to guaranty that no bifurcation occurs in $[\mu_c-\epsilon, \mu _c)$ nor in $(\mu _c, \mu_c+\epsilon].$
The period $\tau(X_{1,\mu}(t))$ is simply twice $\tau(X_{0,\mu}(t))$ (i.e., no need for the limits when $\mu$ approaches $\mu_c$ in Eq.(4)) in the case of a map. For flows and semi-flows the period $\tau(X_{1,\mu}(t))$ is $2$ with respect to the Poincaré map to a local cross section of the flow near $X_{0,\mu}(t)$, and in all cases, equation ((4)) expresses what period doubling means in the case when an orbit is created at $\mu=\mu_c$.
If instead the stable orbits $O_1(\mu)$ and $O_0(\mu)$ coalesce then Eq.(4)) must be replaced by the following: \[ \tag{5} \lim_{\mu\to \mu_c^-} (\tau(X_{1,\mu}(t)))\;=\;2\cdot\lim_ {\mu\to \mu_c^-} (\tau(X_{0,\mu}(t)))\ . \]
Coalescence as $\mu\to\mu_c^-$ means that the two signals collide as the parameter $\mu$ reaches $\mu_c$ from below, value when they vanish. In the period doubling case an unstable $O_0(\mu)$ remains above $\mu_c$ while, e.g., the coalescence in the destructive saddle-node bifurcation leaves no periodic orbit.
We will mostly consider maps as one can reduce to that case by using some Poincaré map, and only consider fixed points till Sec. 1.12 as iteration of a map lets one reduce to that case as detailed in Sec. 1.12. Thus except otherwise specified, $\tau(X_{0,\mu}(t))=1$, meaning that $X_{0,\mu}(t)$ is a fixed point of some map $f_\mu$.
Dependence upon the dimension
A consequence of smoothness is that the loss of stability allowing the period doubling to happen can be read off the spectrum (set of eigenvalues) of the map (the Poincaré map when considering the dynamics of a flow or semi-flow) linearized around the fixed point that bifurcates. Indeed, the characterization of a bifurcation taking place (or of an instability, in the language of applied mathematics) is a parameter-dependent eigenvalue whose norm crosses 1 from below. For period doubling, the crossing of the unit circle is at -1 and happens along the real line. One can also say that for period doubling the eigenvalue crosses -1 “from above". To simplify the discussion one assumes that all crossings of the unit circle in the spectrum are made at non-zero speed, i.e., the value 1 is not a stationary norm value for any eigenvalue as a function of the parameters.
In dimension 1, $\lambda_\mu=f'_\mu(x_0)$, the unique eigenvalue of the map linearized near $x_0$, crosses -1 from above so that $|\lambda_\mu|-1$ increases and $x_0$ becomes more and more repelling; $\lambda_\mu<-1$ tells us that nearby orbits go away from $x_0$ in an alternating way (\ie $(f_\mu(x)-x_0)\cdot(x-x_0)<0$ for $x\not=x_0$) in a small enough neighborhood of $x_0$. Generically the dynamics is described by the normal form (6) after suitable change of variables.
In dimension greater than 1 an eigenvalue of the linearized map crosses -1 from above. Then, if all other eigenvalues of the maps linearized near the bifurcating fixed point have norm well separated from 1, for $\mu$ close enough to $\mu_c$ there is a $\mu$-dependent one-dimensional central manifold (or center manifold).
For such matters see for instance Carr (1981), Kelly (1967), Vanderbauwhed (1989) and references therein, both in the pure and applied mathematics literatures and Haragus and Iooss (2009) and references therein for infinite dimension. A central manifold is locally unique but not necessarily globally unique and is not necessarily as smooth as the flow or the diffeomorphism that leaves it invariant. Any of the central manifolds is tangent to the eigenvector for the eigenvalue that crosses -1 and generically supports the dynamics described by the normal form (6) after suitable change of variables. This holds true as long as all the other elements of the spectrum remain far enough from the unit circle. We always make this hypothesis here in order to avoid getting in the more complex world of the bifurcations that occur when many parameters are varied at once (bifurcations of codimension two or higher).
For bifurcation problems rather than speaking of “a parameter dependent central manifold" one may prefer to consider the parameters as extra (dynamically trivial) coordinates along which the eigenvalues of the linearized flow are trivially equal to 1. Since only one eigenvalue gets out of the unit circle (through -1) in the case of the period doubling bifurcation, one parameter often suffice so that we end up with a two dimensional central manifold with one dimension here to let one capture the evolution of the local map in a neighborhood of $(x,\mu)=(x_0,\mu_c)$.
Period doubling: a one-dimensional phenomenon for maps
Figure 1: Period doubling for maps: evolution with parameters with continuous lines representing stable orbits and bigger gaps between dots meaning less dimensions of stability.
Assuming enough smoothness, one can use normal forms (expressions that are simplified as much as possible by changes of variables) that leave on a central manifold of dimension 1 not counting the dimension of the parameter (see Sec. 1.5 ).
For a map in one dimension, in the neighborhood of $(O_0, \mu_c)=(0,1)$, the generic normal form for the period doubling bifurcation of the fixed point set at $0$ reads: \[ \tag{6} f_\mu(x)= -\mu\cdot x \pm x^3+ \mathrm{h.o.t.} \] By the very fact that a bifurcation happens at $\mu_c$, $O_0(\mu_c)$ is linearly marginal (or (linearly) marginally stable), and we have the following Stability-based Criterion.
If $O_0(\mu_c)$ is nonlinearly (or NL) unstable, the bifurcation is subcritical.
If $O_0(\mu_c)$ is NL stable, the bifurcation is supercritical.
From this criterion or from a direct computation one deduces from (6) that:
($+$) If the $+$ sign is chosen, the bifurcation is supercritical with the evolution of the dynamics as the parameter crosses $\mu_c$ from below described in the discussion of equation (4).
($-$) If the $-$ sign is chosen, the bifurcation is subcritical with the evolution of the dynamics as the parameter crosses $\mu_c$ from below described in the discussion of equation (5).
Remark 2. The validity of (6) as a normal form requires $f_\mu$ to be invertible on the interval. In particular, (6) cannot contain the next period doubling in a meaningful way. Besides, any symmetry (say $x\mapsto-x\,$ for (6)) trivially forces a symmetry breaking bifurcation to happen before the next period doubling.
Figure 2: Period doubling for differential equations: description for two parameters, one below, one above the bifurcation with continuous lines representing stable orbits and bigger gaps between dots meaning fewer dimensions of stability.
Local analysis for maps in dimension 1
In dimension 1, the central manifold is simply the local part of the full phase space near the bifurcating orbit. It remains to compute the criticality type of the bifurcation i.e., whether the bifurcation is supercritical or subcritical; the degenerate case that separates supercriticality from subcriticality will be considered in Sec. 1.8.
To get the most general formula, we assume that $f_{\mu_c}(x_0)=x_0$ (the fixed point property) and that $f_{\mu_c}'(x_0)=-1$ (the period doubling bifurcation's first order condition). In what follows, as usual, $\epsilon$ has a positive but arbitrary small absolute value. Note that comparing the distances $|f_{\mu_c}(x_0+\epsilon)-x_0|$ and $|\epsilon|$ is not of any help when investigating the non-linear stability property of the point $x_0$ under $f_{\mu_c}$. Indeed the signs of $\epsilon$ and $f_{\mu_c}(x_0+\epsilon)-x_0$ are opposite for $\epsilon$ small enough because the slope $f'_{\mu_c}$ is $-1$. Consequently we need to compare $\epsilon$ to $f^2(x_0+\epsilon)-x_0$. Assuming $f_\mu$ to be three times differentiable for $(\mu, x)$ near $(\mu_c,x_0)$, a straightforward computation then yields: \[ \tag{7} f^2_{\mu_c}(x_0+\epsilon)-x_0=\epsilon+\epsilon^3 \left(-\frac{1}{2}(f''^2_{\mu_c}(x_0))^2- \frac{1}{3}f'''_{\mu_c}(x_0)\right)\, \] that leads one to define: \[ \tag{8} \mathcal{Q}f(x)\;=\; -\frac{1}{2}(f''(x))^2-\frac{1}{3}f'''(x)\, \] Then, using the phenomenological Stability-based Criterion, one deduces from ((8)) a computable criterion that goes back at least to (Allwright, 1978):
If $\mathcal{Q}f_{\mu_c}(x_0)<0$, then $x_0$ is NL stable and the bifurcation is supercritical.
If $\mathcal{Q}f_{\mu_c}(x_0)\,>\,0$, then $x_0$ is NL unstable and the bifurcation is subcritical.
The bifurcation diagram for period doubling bifurcations
The quantity $\mathcal{Q}f_{\mu_c}(x_0)$ may be zero, and higher order terms may be necessary to determine the stability property of $x_0$. It may even happen that the bifurcation be marginal at all orders, in which case, if no flat term breaks the degeneracy, the fixed point $x_0\,=\,f_{\mu_c}(x_0)$ is the common end point of two segments of period two points that are exchanged by $f_{\mu_c}$. Then $ f_{\mu_c}(x_0+\epsilon)= x_0-\epsilon $ so that \[ \tag{9} f_{\mu_c}^2 (x_0+\epsilon)= x_0 +\epsilon\, \] for $x=x_0+\epsilon$ close enough to $x_0$.
Figure 3: Period doubling from supercritical to subcritical through the degenerate marginal case that can provide all configuration by deformation of the period doubling orbits curve: only the most three basic cases have been represented here.
We draw in Figure 3 a classical bifurcation diagram with the parameter $\mu$ (increasing when the period doubling bifurcation takes place) along the abscissa and $x$ along the ordinate. We use a heavy line for stable objects, dotted lines to represent unstable objects, and smaller dots and smaller gaps for marginal objects. We see that there is always a line emanating on both sides from the point $(\mu_c, x_0)$, that represents the orbits that goes from stable to unstable. The line representing a marginal object is vertical when one is in the degenerate, affine case. Moreover, the marginal line:
Bends forward with a parabolic shape as a heavy line close enough to $(\mu_c, x_0)$ when one removes the degeneracy so that the bifurcation is supercritical;
Bends backwards with a parabolic shape as a doted line close enough to $(\mu_c, x_0)$ when one removes the degeneracy so that the bifurcation is subcritical.
The continuation of the (doted) lines is no longer a local problem; for global consideration on single period doubling, see Sander and Yorke (2011) and earlier references therein (similar work was done many years before for the Poincaré-Andronov-Hopf bifurcation by Alexander, Mallet-Paret, Nussbaum, Yorke etc.). The growth of the size of the period-doubled orbit (as a function of $|\mu-\mu _c|$) fails to be proportional to $\sqrt{|\mu-\mu _c|}$ ({\it which represents the generic but not the general case}) if and only if there is no third order term.
Local theories are only local
In all issues regarding the bifurcation diagram, including issues of size of bifurcated cycles, it is crucial to assume that $|\mu-\mu _c|$ is “small enough", where the required smallness depends in a highly non-universal way on the structure of the evolution equations (map or vector field). There are cases where the very initial growth of the size of the bifurcated cycle (the distance to the cycle that has just bifurcated) starts indeed like $\sqrt{|\mu-\mu _c|}$ (or another growth in non-generic cases), but then beyond some $\mu'\not=\mu_c$, a tiny increase of the parameter provokes an explosive increase of the size of the period doubled cycle. This phenomenon was studied in the context of the Poincaré-Andronov-Hopf bifurcation for flows in dimension 2, where it took the French name of “canard".
The frequent miracle of asymptotics
Despite the possibility of canards-like effects, the normal form often has a very large domain of validity, extending often by far the provable domain of validity, a phenomenon that enables the success of such methods in the description of many natural phenomena.
From loss of stability to more generally one less stable direction
We have first considered bifurcations associated to loss of stability. This is only the most basic and perhaps the most important case. More generally the orbit $O_0(\mu)$ does not need to be stable at the beginning of the process if the phase space has dimension at least 2. In general said orbit $O_0(\mu)$ looses one direction of stability in the process and:
In the subcritical case the bifurcation destroys an orbit $O_1(\mu)$ that has one direction of stability less than what the original orbit $O_0(\mu)$ has before the bifurcation.
In the supercritical case the bifurcation produces an orbit $O_1(\mu)$ that has as many directions of stability as the original orbit $O_0(\mu)$ has before the bifurcation.
Period doubling bifurcations from any period
So far we have mostly dealt with the period doubling bifurcation of a fixed point of $f_\mu$, but this is as much generality as one ever needs for studying local period doubling bifurcations since a periodic point of period $\tau$ of $f_\mu$ is a fixed point of $f^\tau_\mu$ (the periodic orbit of length $\tau$ is made of $\tau$ fixed points of $f_\mu^\tau$). By the chain rules, $f^\tau_\mu$ has the same slope at all these points, and more generally all $Df^\tau_\mu$'s have the same spectrum.
The Schwarzian derivative in the context of period doubling
The quantity $\mathcal{Q}f_{\mu_c}(x_0)$, whose sign determines the criticality type of the doubling bifurcation (Allwrigh, 1978), is proportional to the Schwarzian derivative of $f_{\mu_c}$ evaluated at $x_0$ (Singer, 1978). We discuss the negative Schwarzian derivative condition in this Section; not only does this condition play a crucial role in deep issues such as understanding precursors to Universality and the question of how smoothness that depends on arbitrary small scale data can have visible effects, but in the context of period doubling, it guaranties that $\mathcal{Q}f^p_{\mu}(x_0)$ is negative for all the period doubling bifurcations for any period $p$ as $\mu$ varies, hence all period doubling bifurcations are supercritical.
On a theorem by Élie Cartan
In dynamics, a cocycle is an operator that associates to a given map a function or tensor that satisfies a chain rule under composition. There are three useful cocycles in the study of the dynamics and the geometry of orbits of a one-dimensional map $g$. They are:
The logarithm of the derivative, i.e., $\log{Dg}\ $;
The non-linearity of $g$, i.e., $ Ng=D\log{Dg}=\dfrac{g''}{g'}\;$
The Schwarzian derivative of $g$, i.e., $ Sg=(Ng)'-\frac{1}{2}(Ng)^2\ .$
A theorem by Cartan (1937) states that these are the only possible cocycles in dimension 1. Their respective kernels are the translation group, the affine group, and the projective group in dimension 1. Here we only consider the Schwarzian derivative.
For any three-times differentiable map $g$ the Schwarzian derivative of $g$ reads: \[ \tag{10} Sg(x)=\frac{g'''(x)}{g'(x)}-\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{g''(x)}{g'(x)}\right)^2\,. \] We then notice that since $f_{\mu_c}'(x_c)=-1$, we have $ Sf_{\mu_c}(x_c)=9\mathcal{Q}f_{\mu_c}(x_c) $ so that the criterion $\mathcal{Q}f_{\mu_c}(x_c)<0$ that we had for superstability of the period doubling bifurcation in dimension 1 can be expressed as: \[\tag{11} Sf_{\mu_c}(x_c)<0\,. \] The important point here is that if $Sf_\mu<0$ on the interval where $f_\mu$ acts as an endomorphism (a continuous map from that interval to itself) then for any value of $\mu$ in the parameter range $S(f_\mu^n)<0$ for all $n$, i.e., all the iterates of $f_\mu$ have negative Schwarzian derivative. In particular, if the $f_\mu$'s are $C^3$ maps with $Sf<0$ for all values of $\mu$ in some parameter range, then all periodic points that get unstable by period doubling do so the supercritical way as $\mu$ varies.
Singer's Theorem and the first developments
These basic properties of maps $f$ with $Sf<0$ were pointed out in 1978 by Singer (1978), who also proved the following result about unimodal $C^3$ maps $f$ with $Sf<0$, also known as S-maps.
Theorem 1 (Singer, (1978)). If $f: I\to I$ is a S-map, then the immediate basin of attraction of any attracting periodic point contains either a critical point of $f$ or a boundary point of $I$. Furthermore, any neutral periodic point $x_0$ of $f$ (i.e., $|(f^n)'(x_0)|=1$ for $x_0$ such that $f^n(x_0)=x_0$) that is not on the boundary of $I$ is attracting, and there are no intervals of periodic points.
After Singer published this result (coincidentally (?) in the same journal as Allwright (1978)) many researchers, including Collet, Eckmann, Guckenheimer, and Misiurewicz, used it in studies of several questions, mostly about families of interval maps. These were soon followed by the next wave of smooth interval maps researchers, in fact with serious overlap: de Melo, Nowicki, van Strien, Sullivan, Blokh, Lyubich, and their students. Many properties of S-maps were later generalized to multimodal maps: see in particular van Strien and Vargas (2004,2007).
As was immediately recognized, the problem with the $Sf<0$ condition is that it is not general and that it is not even invariant under all smooth changes of coordinate. It is thus important to notice that, with enough smoothness, subcriticality is exceptional in the sense that only finitely many subcritical bifurcations can happen for any iterate for maps that are $C^3$ (and in fact a bit less). This was proved by Kozlovski (2000), following work, e.g., by Martens, de Melo, van Strien, and Sullivan (1988), and pioneering work by Guckenheimer (1987) for application to renormalization. In the context of renormalization, sometimes it is possible to prove that the $Sf<0$ property emerges after enough renormalizations (see for instance de Faria and de Melo (1999, 2000) and de Faria et al. (2006) ).
The macroscopic meaning of $Sf<0$
The theorem of Singer stated above can be regarded as an analogue of a classical result in holomorphic dynamics due to P. Fatou, which states that the basin of attraction of an attracting periodic point of a degree $d\geq 2$ rational map always contains a critical point (leading to the conclusion that there are only fintey many such attracting cycles). This suggests that $S$-maps behave somewhat as complex one-dimensional maps. A further hint at this behavior is provided by the following considerations.
The $Sf<0$ property is special for a number of reasons, one of which is the following fact.
Lemma 1. If $g$ is three times differentiable, then the property $Sg<0$ is equivalent to saying that the function $\sqrt{\frac{1}{|g'|}}$ is convex in each interval where $g'$ does not vanish.
This implies the following result:
Proposition 1. If $Sg$ is negative on an interval $I$, then $|g'|$ has no non-zero local minimum in $I$.
This last property of the derivative of a map with negative Schwarzian derivative is linked to a macroscopic property of S-maps that we will state here. For that purpose, we need to recall the definitions of two cross ratios.
Given an interval $T$ (for “total") and a subinterval $M$ (for “middle part"), so that $T\setminus M$ is made up of a “left part" $L$ and a “right part" $R$, and denoting by $|I|$ the length of an interval $I$, we consider two cross ratios, namely \[\tag{12} a(M,T)=\frac{|M|\cdot|T|}{|L\,\cup\,M|\cdot|M\,\cup\,R|}, \] and \[ \tag{13} b(M,T)=\frac{|M|\cdot|T|}{|L|\cdot|R|}. \] Then, if $f$ is a map that is a diffeomorphism from $T$ to its image in $\R$, let us write \[ \tag{14} A(f, M,T)=\frac{a(f(M),f(T))}{a(M,T)}, \] and also \[\tag{15} B(f, M,T)=\frac{b(f(M),f(T))}{b(M,T)}. \] These ratios measure the distortions of the corresponding cross-ratios under $f$.
Proposition 2. We have $A(f, M,T)\geq1$ and $B(f, M,T)\geq 1$ whenever $f$ is an S-map that is a diffeomorphism from $T$ onto its image in $\R$.
Figure 4: Negative and positive Schwarzian maps and their effects on cross-ratios.
This expansion of cross-ratios -- which is extremely useful in establishing real a-priori bounds in many contexts, including period-doubling renormalization -- is akin to the fact that a rational map of the Riemann sphere always expands the hyperbolic (Poincaré) metric in the complement of its post-critical set. In order to enhance this analogy, we make the following further considerations.
First note that the Schwarzian derivative of a $C^3$ diffeomorphism $f:T\to T^*$ between two (open) intervals $T,T^*$ can be recast in the following form: \[ Sf(x)\;=\; \lim_{y\to x} \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x\partial y}\log{\left(\frac{f(x)-f(y)}{x-y}\right)}. \]
Next, following Sullivan, define the Poincaré density of an open interval $T=(a,b)$ to be \[\rho_T(x)\;=\;\frac{(b-a)}{(x-a)(b-x)}\] This is the infinitesimal form of the Poincaré metric on $I$. Thus, the Poincaré length of $M=(c,d)\subseteq I$ is \[ \ell_T(M)\;=\;\int_M\, \rho_T(x)\,dx\;=\;\log{(1+b(M,T))} \] where $b(M,T)=(b-a)(d-c)/(c-a)(b-d)$ is the cross-ratio of the four points $a, b, c, d$, as introduced earlier.
The derivative of $f:T\to T^*$ measured with respect to the Poincaré metrics in $T$ and $T^*$, namely \[ D_Tf(x)\;=\;f'(x)\,\frac{\rho_{T^*}(f(x))}{\rho_T(x)} \] is called the Poincaré distortion of $f$. It is identically equal to one if $f$ is Möbius, in which case $f$ preserves cross-ratios. Now consider the symmetric function $\delta_f: T\times T\to \mathbb{R}$ given by \[ \delta_f(x,y)\;=\;\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \displaystyle{\log\,\frac{f(x)-f(y)}{x-y}} \, , &\ x\neq y, \\ {}&{}\\ \displaystyle{\log\,{f'(x)}} \, , & \ x=y \ . \end{array}\right.\] Then an easy calculation shows that \[ \tag{16} \log\,D_Tf(x)\;=\;\delta_f(x,x)-\delta_f(a,x)-\delta_f(x,b)+\delta_f(a,b).\]
When $f$ is $C^3$ its Poincaré distortion is controlled by the second order mixed derivative of $\delta_f$, since in that case \[ \log\,D_Tf(t)\;=\; - \int\!\int_Q\,\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x\,\partial y}\delta_f(x,y)\,dx\,dy \ , \] where $Q$ is the rectangle $(a,t)\times (t,b)$. Moreover, when $(x,y)\to (t,t)$ the integrand above becomes $6\,Sf(x)$, where $Sf$ is the Schwarzian derivative of $f$. This is consistent with the fact that maps with negative Schwarzian increase the Poincaré metric and consequently expand cross-ratios (Figure 4 4).
The negative Schwarzian, from hypothesis to conclusion
The following theorem of Kozlovski illustrates the difference between high smoothness and low smoothness dynamics, something that somehow culminates with Universality phenomena which appear in period doubling and other types of recurrence for smooth enough maps. What is important here is that cross ratios can also be defined for macroscopic intervals, a first clue for the visibility of high enough smoothness and its universal consequences.
Theorem 2. (Kozlovski (2000)) Let $f : X \to X$ be a $C^3$ unimodal map of an interval to itself with a non-flat non-periodic critical point $c$. Then there exists an interval $J$ around the critical value $f(c)$ such that if $f^n(x) \in J$ for $x\in X$ and $n > 0$ then $Sf^n(x) < 0$.
The negative Schwarzian property is therefore quite ubiquitous in the small (for $C^3$ maps), at least near non-flat critical points. A precursor to the above theorem is the fact that every sufficiently deep renormalization (around the critical point) of an infinitely renormalizable, $C^3$ one-dimensional map with a power-law critical point has negative Schwarzian (see de Faria and de Melo (1999), de Faria et al., (2006) ). This fact has important consequences for period-doubling (and more general combinatorics) in the form of asymptotically universal bounds on the geometry of the post-critical set. For example, for infinitely renormalizable unimodal maps which are symmetric about the critical point, it implies that, of all the intervals that one sees at a sufficiently deep level of renormalization, the one containing the critical point is the largest (this was first proved by Guckenheimer (1979); see also de Fari (2006) [p. 760] ). For the consequences of not imposing the symmetry hypothesis at the accumulation of a period doubling cascade, see Chandramuoli et al., (2009).
For a general reference on period doubling, cascades and renormalization, covering also the $Sf<0$ property, see de Melo and van Strien (1993) and keep posted for the next edition of that book.
Allwright, D.J. Hypergraphic functions and bifurcations in recurrence relations, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 34, 687-691. (1978).
Avila, A., Lyubich, M. The full renormalization horseshoe for unimodal maps of higher degree: exponential contraction along hybrid classes, Publications mathématiques de l'IHÉS, 114, 171-223. (2011).
Birkhoff, G., Martens, M., Tresser, C. On the scaling structure for period doubling, Astérisque, 286, 167-186 (2003).
Carr, J. Applications of Centre Manifold Theory, Springer-Verlag; New York, (1981).
Cartan, E. Leçons sur la théorie des espaces a connexion projective, Cahiers scientifiques, Fasc. XVII, Gauthier-Villars; Paris, (1937).
De Carvalho, A., Lyubich, M., Martens, M. Renormalization in the Hénon family: Universality but Non-Rigidity, J. Stat. Phys. 121 611-669 (2005).
Chandramuoli, V.V.M.S., Martens, M., de Melo W., Tresser, C.P. Chaotic period doubling, Erg. Th.\& Dyn.Syst. 29 381-418 (2009).
Coullet, P., Tresser, C. Itération déndomorphismes et groupe de renormalisation, J. Phys. Colloque C5, C5-25 - C5-28 (1978).
Davie, A.M. Period doubling for $C^{2+\epsilon}$ mappings, Commun. Math. Phys. 176, 262-272 (1999).
Derrida, B., Gervois, A., Pomeau, Y. Iteration of endomorphisms on the real axis and representation of numbers, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Sect. A (N.S.) 29 305-356 (1978).
Derrida, B., Gervois, A., Pomeau, Y. Universal metric properties of bifurcations of endomorphisms, J. Phys. A. 12 269-296 (1979).
de Faria, E., de Melo, W. Rigidity of critical circle mappings I. J. European Math. Soc. 1 339-392 (1999).
de Faria, E., de Melo, W. Rigidity of critical circle mappings II. J. Amer. Math. Soc. 13 343-370 (2000).
de Faria, E., de Melo, W., Pinto, A. \it Global hyperbolicity of renormalization for $C^r$ unimodal mappings, Ann. of Math. 164 731-824 (2006).
Feigenbaum, M.J. Quantitative universality for a class of non-linear transformations, J. Stat. Phys. 19 25-52 (1978).
Gambaudo, J.M., Tresser, C. Self-similar constructions in smooth dynamics: rigidity, smoothness and dimension, Commun. Math. Phys. 150 45-58 (1992).
Guckenheimer, J. Sensitive dependence on initial conditions for one dimensional maps, Commun. Math. Phys. 70 133--160 (1979).
Guckenheimer, J. Limit sets of S-unimodal maps with zero entropy, Commun. Math. Phys. 110 655-659 (1987).
Gumowski, I., Mira, C. Accumulations de bifurcations dans une récurrence, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Série A-B 281 A45-A48 (1975).
Haragus, M., Iooss, G. Local Bifurcations, Center Manifolds, and Normal Forms in Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems, Springer-Verlag; New York, (2009).
Kelly, A. The stable, center-stable, center, center-unstable and unstable manifolds, J. Diff. Equations, 3, 546-570 (1967).
Kozlovski, O.S. Getting rid of the negative Schwarzian derivative condition, Ann. of Math. 152 743-762 (2000).
Libchaber, A., Maurer, J., Une Experience de Rayleigh-Bénard en géometrie réduite: multiplication, accrochage et démultiplication des fréquences, J. Phys. Colloque 41, C3-51 - C3-56 (1980).
Lyubich, M. Feigenbaum-Coullet-Tresser universality and Milnor's hairiness conjecture, Ann. of Math. 149 319-420 (1999).
Martens, M., de Melo, W., Van Strien, S., Sullivan, D. Bounded geometry and measure of the attracting cantor set of quadratic-like interval maps, Preprint, June 1988.
de Melo, W., van Strien, S. One-Dimensional Dynamics, Springer Verlag, Berlin; (1993).
Metropolis, N., Stein, M.L., Stein, P.R. On finite limit sets for transformations of the unit interval, J. Combin. Theory A15 25-44 (1973).
Milnor, J., Thurston, W. On iterated maps of the interval, in Springer Lecture Notes 1342 465-563 (1988).
McMullen, C. Complex Dynamics and Renormalization, Annals of Math. Studies 135 Princeton University Press, Princeton; (1994).
Myrberg, P.J. Iteration der reellen Polynome zweiten Grades III, Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, Band 336 3-18 (1963).
Sander, E., Yorke, J.A. Period-doubling cascades galore, Erg. The. & Dynam. Syst. 31 1249-1267 (2011).
Sharkovskii, A.N. Coexistence of the cycles of a continuous mapping from the line into itself, Ukrain. Mat. Z. 16 61-71 (1964).
Singer, D. Stable orbits and bifurcation of maps of the interval, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 35 260-267 (1978).
van Strien, S.J. Vargas, E. Real bounds, ergodicity and negative Schwarzian for multimodal maps, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 17 749-782 (2004), and 17 267-268 (2007).
Sullivan, D. Bounds, Quadratic Differentials, and Renormalization Conjectures, in A.M.S. Centennial Publication Vol 2 Mathematics into the Twenty-first Century Am. Math. Soc.; Providence, RI, (1992).
Tresser, C., Coullet, P. Itérations d'endomorphismes et groupe de renormalisation, C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris 287A 577-580 (1978).
Vanderbauwhede, A. Center Manifolds, Normal Forms and Elementary Bifurcations, In Dynamics Reported, Vol. 2 Wiley; New York, (1989)
Yorke, J.A., Alligood, K.T. Period doubling cascades of attractors: a prerequisite for horseshoes, Comm. Math. Phys. 101 305-321 (1985).
Sponsored by: Prof. James Meiss, Applied Mathematics University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
Reviewed by: Prof. Alessandra Celletti, Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita' di Roma (Tor Vergata), Italy
Reviewed by: Anonymous (via Prof. James Meiss, Applied Mathematics University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA)
Accepted on: 2014-06-08 17:19:43 GMT
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Force of yellow habit EDITORIAL 12/12/2010
Force of yellow habit
They have the seat of government, don’t they? Or do they? Noynoy and his yellow allies continue to act as though they are seeking an overthrow of something or anything perceived by them to be against their interest.
It has been the same thing all over again since 1986 when they got the first taste of success in short-circuiting the voting process by staging the Edsa 1 revolt that made Noynoy’s mother, Cory Aquino, president and an absolute dictator for at least a year, writing her own so-called “Freedom Constitution” followed by the 1987 Constitution written by her 50 handpicked yellow delegates.
In 2001, Joseph Estrada won the presidency convincingly despite the strong opposition from the yellow company made up of the Makati businessmen, Catholic bishops and the evil civil socialites, along with the leftists and the unprofessional military, but from his first day at Malacañang, the plot started for his ouster that culminated two and half years years later in the 2001 Edsa ll where the nine-year curse of Gloria on the country originated. Again the Estrada overthrow was the handiwork of the yellow company.
Had Noynoy lost in the 2010 elections, even validly, a new Edsa revolt was likely. Such a plan being already in place was proven by Noynoy’s oft-repeated warning that he would call for people power if he was not elected president.... MORE
Making foes suffer FRONTLINE Ninez Cacho-Olivares 12/12/2010
Making foes suffer
There can only be one reason the judiciary budget was slashed by Noynoy and his Budget secretary: Vindictiveness and their way of letting the high court suffer for earlier ruling as legitimate and constitutional, the appointment of Renato Corona as the Chief Justice.
Even before Noynoy was proclaimed president by Congress, he was already insisting that Gloria had no right to appoint the top magistrate because the appointment was done during the midnight ban.
Noynoy said it was his right to appoint the new chief justice — and certainly his choice was not Corona but one of the two Moraleses — probably Justice Conchita Morales-Carpio, as she had just a few months before retirement, after which, Noynoy would have named Justice Antonio Carpio, who would have a longer term.
Noynoy even threatened at that time, to have Corona impeached as he continued to insist that the Corona appointment was unconstitutional, despite the decision of the high court that the appointment is constitutional.
As Noynoy did not get what.... MORE
Flood-swept Czech town turns disaster into development FEATURE 12/12/2010
Flood-swept Czech town turns disaster into development
CHRASTAVA — Not many Czech towns of 6,000 might push “pinup” calendars featuring local women but Chrastava, ravaged by floods in August, has put a novel spin on turning disaster into development.
The town is still reeling from the devastation wrought when fierce rains turned a local river into a raging waterway, flooding 200 homes in this northern locality right near the Polish and German borders.
Damage is estimated at 1.5 billion koruna (60 million euros, $81 million) but relief funds from the central government have been slow to arrive.
So the town, 100 kilometers (62 miles) north of the capital Prague, took reconstruction into its own hands.
Chrastava now boasts several projects, including a new — if eccentric — footbridge to replace the old one washed away in the floods: A rickety, wood-framed, hand-propelled funicular for pedestrians.... MORE
Quid pro quo – Suansing for Luistro BLURBAL THRUSTS Louie Logarta 12/12/2010
Quid pro quo – Suansing for Luistro
Sen. Miriam Defensor-Santiago, one of the prickliest members of the upper chamber, has suddenly gone soft on former De La Salle University president Bro. Armin Luistro, whom Malacañang wants ratified as secretary of the Department of Education.
After threatening on several occasions to block his nomination that was pending before the powerful Commission on Appointments due to alleged “conflicting interests, gross ignorance of the law and political deafness” issues, Mrs. Santiago did the opposite with an about-face maneuver thus paving the way for Luistro’s assumption as DepEd chief with full powers, after allegedly being promised certain concessions by the Palace.
Mrs. Santiago had earlier informed CA chairman Sen. Edgardo Angara that she had every intention of opposing Luistro’s nomination probably because she was still bristling at the way he and his group Black and White Movement had crucified her for being one of the senators who opposed the opening of the second envelop during the landmark impeachment trial of President Estrada in 2001. Ironically, the letter turned to be a bummer because it didn’t contain anything derogatory against Estrada when it was opened a few years later.... MORE
Noli me tangere VIEWPOINTS Archbishop Oscar V. Cruz 12/12/2010
The Latin phrase sounds familiar. It is the title of a famous literature that forwarded one signal and distinct cry — with element of great resentment toward what was then wrong with the nation and unjust to people.
The ground reality and distinct relevance of the lamentation eventually proved to be the joyful liberation of the nation and the big blessing of the Filipino people. Thus it was that in the realm of objective truth, falsehood ultimately succumbed to veracity, oppression and immorality subsequently bowed down before the virtues and integrity, respectively.
“Touch me not!” While thought of very intensely and thereafter bravely written decades ago, the text and context of the strong injunction are still very vibrant and insistent — when applied to such a corrupt and corrupting syndicate of the infamous jueteng operators vis-à-vis shameless jueteng protectors. The heart and soul of the continuous existence and vibrant are found in the following triad: One, the open and continuous exploitation of the poor and unlettered. Two, the constant and effective security avidly accorded to the lawless jueteng federation precisely by those supposed to root it out. Three, the untrammeled flow of juicy and regular payolas to all those salivating for their guaranteed regular receipt among those in the hierarchy of public officials and police authorities committed to jueteng continuous and fruitful operative existence.... MORE
The truth not the commission TABLETS OF STONE Larry Faraon, OP 12/12/2010
The truth not the commission
Rep. Edcel Lagman and Mrs. Gloria Arroyo’s cohorts jumped with joy over the Supreme Court’s decision to tag the Truth Commission as unconstitutional. They smelled the scent of victory for their former boss and patroness. But at the end of the day, it is more of a setback for Mrs. Arroyo than for the Aquino administration.
The camp of the past administration could have wished that the Truth Commission were approved and then go on down to work on the eventual vindication of Mrs. Arroyo’s “innocence,” since the commission’s chairman is a pawn of the past administration — namely, retired SC chief, Hilario Davide.
As it is, with the disapproval of the Truth Commission, Mrs. Arroyo’s cases would be a sword of Damocles hanging unperturbed over the neck of any of the Arroyo’s retinue of corrupt elements. And that would mean sleepless nights and qualms of conscience and uncertainty over her clean bill of health.
The Truth Commission should have done that and thereby afford Mrs. Arroyo a peaceful and clear conscience and close the door on the Arroyo administration with flying colors and that history would judge her as righteous. But with the SC decision she would miss that part.... MORE
Turkey’s Alevis losing hope for broader freedoms focus 12/12/2010
Turkey’s Alevis losing hope for broader freedoms
SIVAS — Turkey’s Alevis, a distinct moderate sect of Islam, have put government support for religious freedom to the test by pressing for broader rights in a country where they are often seen as heretics.
The ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) has launched a rare dialog with the sizeable community.
But after several meetings between the two sides since 2007, Alevi leaders question Ankara’s sincerity and hold out little hope that their demands will be met.
The government “does not go beyond listening to our problems... We do not expect any improvement soon,” Ali Balkiz, a leading Alevi activist, told AFP.
The Sunni majority’s prejudice against Alevis is deep-rooted: Apart from the broad theological differences, there is the history of Alevi rebellions and their bloody supression.
Like Shiites, Alevis worship the Prophet Ali, the last of the first four C... MORE
Burgos case not priority of new body under DoJ 12/12/2010
Burgos case not priority of new body under DoJ
The suffering of the family of activist Jonas Burgos who disappeared in 2007 may prove to take longer as President Aquino yesterday said a task force he ordered formed under the Department of Justice (DoJ) to revisit unresolved cases of extra-judicial killings and forced disappearances will give priority to cases that occurred under his watch.
Aquino said six cases have been identified to have happened from the time he assumed the presidency and, as much as possible, he would like to address these cases first before the body tackles other past atrocities.
He claimed five out of the six cases had been resolved and the law enforcers are currently pursuing the sixth case.
“Our focus is cases under our watch. We’ve filed cases, I understand, five of the six have been solved. There were two that I mentioned, one of them is already ready for hearing…But all of them had their cases, I understand, filed. Of course, I’m still aiming for the sixth,” Aquino told reporters in a chance interview held in Tarlac City.
The two cases that Aquino has referred to in his speech during the celebration of the International Human Rights Day in Malacanang the other day involved that of Miguel Belen in which, he claimed, “a murder charge is already pending against the two suspects before the Regional Trial Court of Iriga City” and the other one is that of Jose Daguio that, he said, has already been set for initial hearing.... MORE
TI poll: 48% say Noy not effective vs graft 12/12/2010
POLICE, POLITICAL PARTIES MOST CORRUPTION PRONE
TI poll: 48% say Noy not effective vs graft
President Aquino’s so-called “straight path” is nowhere to be discerned in a recent Transparency International (TI) survey that showed nearly half of Filipino respondents stated that the current government’s action against corruption was ineffective.
The global corruption watchdog’s survey was conducted between June 1 and September 30 that included the first three months of the Aquino administration.
On the question: How would you assess your current government’s actions on the fight against corruption? 48 percent of some 1,000 respondents answered “ineffective,” while 28 percent replied “effective,” and the rest, or 24 percent, believed it was neither of both.
Nearly seven out of 10 also indicated that the level of corruption in the country increased in the past three years, the 2010 Global Corruption Barometer (GCB) released the other day showed.
Asked to rank local institutions most prone to corruption, respondents identified the police and political parties on top followed by public officials and civil servants tied with the parliament or legislature; the judiciary; the military and businesses; the education system; non-government organizations, and finally media.... MORE
Noy retreats from oust-Corona move By Aytch S. de la Cruz 12/12/2010
Noy retreats from oust-Corona move
By Aytch S. de la Cruz
President Aquino backtracked yesterday on an all-out campaign to oust Chief Justice Renato Corona, indicating he is no longer planning to support any impeachment complaints that his allies may push in Congress against the Supreme Court (SC) head.
Aquino’s statement was in contrast to his belligerent mood last Wednesday when he indicated plans of supporting moves to impeach Corona after the SC voted down Executive Order 1 that created the Philippine Truth Commission.
He clarified he was not the one who started the impeachment issue, saying he received calls to that effect from his allies in Congress even as none of his allies acknowledged having conveyed such plans to him.
Aquino explained that when he answered the question on whether he was considering supporting plans to impeach Corona so that he can finally get rid of the so-called “Arroyo court,” what he mentioned was actually the impeachment complaint against another SC magistrate whom he did not identify.... MORE
No military apology to ‘Morong 43,’ says Noynoy By Aytch S. de la Cruz 12/12/2010
No military apology to ‘Morong 43,’ says Noynoy
A public apology that is reportedly being sought by the relatives of the 43 jailed health workers from the members of the military that allegedly aggravated them will not happen as their Commander-in-Chief, President Aquino, refused to yield to such kind of demand.
Aquino has implied that his recent order for the Department of Justice (DoJ) to file a motion to withdraw the information against the wrongfully accused health workers collectively known as “Morong 43” has already shown enough sincerity on his part toward addressing their concerns.
“I think we have already demonstrated and we have already rectified the situation… So for us to apologize to those who have been served already is, I think, too much (to ask),” Aquino told reporters in a chance interview yesterday in Tarlac City.
Aquino reiterated that he instructed the DoJ to execute such order precisely in recognition of the Morong 43’s claims that their rights to due process had been violated by the military which, he said, he will never tolerate while he’s in command.... MORE
US couple jailed for exploiting Pinoys 12/12/2010
US couple jailed for exploiting Pinoys
WASHINGTON — A Florida couple were sentenced to several years in prison Friday (Saturday, Manila time) for exploiting dozens of Filipino migrants they lured to the United States with lies and forced to work under threat in service jobs in Florida, the Department of Justice said.
Sophia Manuel and Alfonso Maldonado “pleaded guilty to conspiring to obtain a cheap, compliant and readily available labor pool by making false promises to entice the victims to incur debts to pay up front recruitment fees,” the department said in a statement.
Manuel, who was also found guilty of making false statements to obtain foreign labor certifications and visas under the federal guest worker program, was sentenced to six-and-a-half years behind bars, and Maldonado to four-and-a-quarter years.
Approximately 39 Filipino migrants were brought over by the Quality Staffing Services Corp. the couple owned, and “compelled... through threats to have the workers arrested and deported” to work in country clubs and hotels in southeast Florida, the department said.... MORE
Aquino to uphold GMA’s ‘holiday economics’ 12/12/2010
Aquino to uphold GMA’s ‘holiday economics’
Filipinos won’t be denied their time to unwind this coming Christmas and New Year as President Aquino yesterday indicated that he will uphold his predecessor’s holiday economics principle for the approaching festive seasons.
By virtue of former President Arroyo’s Proclamation 1841, both December 25 (Christmas Day) which falls on a Saturday and December 27 (Monday) in lieu of the Rizal Day which falls on a Friday, December 30, are declared as regular holidays.
The last two Fridays of December, 24 (Christmas Eve) and 31 (last day of the
year), on the other hand, are considered special non-working holidays.
“Those (dates) were included in the law that has been executed,” Aquino said in a chance interview.
These holiday declarations may be exploited by the public to go on vacation and spend time with their families while celebrating two of the world’s most anticipated occasions of the year.... MORE
GSIS okays pensioners receiving other income 12/12/2010
GSIS okays pensioners receiving other income
Some 306,597 old-age and survivorship pensioners of the Government Service Insurance System (GSIS) will now receive pension benefits even if some of them are still employed or are receiving other forms of income.
In its meeting this week, the GSIS board approved a resolution for this purpose revising the provision of Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of the GSIS Charter (RA 8291) disqualifying surviving spouses from getting the usual half of the GSIS pensioners monthly benefit if they are earnings more than the minimum wage rate or are getting pension from other institutions.
The previous provision leans on the idea that the surviving spouse must be “dependent for support” on the deceased pensioners.
GSIS president and general manager Robert G. Vergara said the Board recognized that “gainful employment” does not imply that a surviving spouse is no longer dependent for support upon the deceased member or pensioner.... MORE
Operations launched to rescue kidnapped 2 MSU students By Gina Peralta Elorde 12/12/2010
Operations launched to rescue kidnapped 2 MSU students
By Gina Peralta Elorde
The combined police and military agents have launched rescue operations for the safe recovery of two students who were kidnapped last Tuesday morning by still unidentified armed men inside the Mindanao State University (MSU) in Marawi City, Lanao del Sur.
As this developed, officials, teachers, and students of the MSU were afraid due to the abduction incident.
At the same time, MSU academicians were troubled as they thought that the university is not properly secured because armed men can barged into the premises and can abduct innocent civilians.
The abduction incident happened last Tuesday around 8 a.m.
The two students were identified as Sheila Mae Vidal, 18 and Alcher Baricuatro, 19.... MORE
URL: http://www.tribuneonline.org/nation/20101212nat1.htmls
Police eye politics behind killing of Magallanes 12/12/2010
Police eye politics behind killing of Magallanes
Politics is being eyed as the motive behind the killing of former vice mayor of Claveria, Masbate last week by still unidentified armed men.
Former Vice Mayor Joseph Magallanes sustained multiple gunshot wounds of his body when the suspects barged into his house at Buena Perla village in Barangay Las Labas, Sta. Rosa Laguna. The victim was watching television when the incident happened.
Reports from the Sta. Rosa police and Masbate police, the house of Magallanes was pillaged with bullets.... MORE
Making foes suffer FRONTLINE Ninez Cacho-Olivare...
Flood-swept Czech town turns disaster into develop...
Quid pro quo – Suansing for Luistro BLURBAL THRUS...
Noli me tangere VIEWPOINTS Archbishop Oscar V. C...
The truth not the commission TABLETS OF STONE La...
Turkey’s Alevis losing hope for broader freedoms ...
Burgos case not priority of new body under DoJ 12...
TI poll: 48% say Noy not effective vs graft 12/12...
Noy retreats from oust-Corona move By Aytch S. de...
No military apology to ‘Morong 43,’ says Noynoy B...
Aquino to uphold GMA’s ‘holiday economics’ 12/12/...
GSIS okays pensioners receiving other income 12/1...
Operations launched to rescue kidnapped 2 MSU stud...
Police eye politics behind killing of Magallanes ...
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Teresa Bernard Oil Paintings
Posted on February 13, 2013 October 22, 2020 by Teresa Bernard
Art Terms — D
Enjoy this page? Please share it on:
From Decorative Arts to Drawing
Collective term for such art forms as ceramics, enamels, furniture, glass, ivory, metalwork and textiles, especially when they take forms used as interior decoration.
A French word meaning “paste up”. The Victorian craft of cutting out motifs from paper, gluing them to a surface and covering the glued on paper with as many layers of varnish as is required to give a completely smooth finish.
In photography, the area in front of and behind the focused point that is sharp. A shallow depth of field is used in portraits to provide a soft backdrop, whilst a greater depth of field is useful for landscapes to ensure everything from the foreground to the background is in focus. Shorter (wide angle) lenses and smaller apertures increase depth of field.
The arrangement of the design elements to create a single effect. The organization or composition of a work; the skilled arrangement of its parts. An effective design is one in which the elements of art and principles of design have been combined to achieve an overall sense of unity.
The process of relating the elements whether they are similar or contrasting and visually arranging an interesting unity with them using the design principles.
The emphasis placed on a particular area or characteristic of a work, with other areas or aspects given subordinate or supporting roles.
A technique used in film and photography to expose two images onto one negative, or sheet of photographic paper.
Double Loading
Refers to loading a brush with two colors side by side. This is a technique typical of tole and other kinds of decorative painting. Also known as “side loading”.
The act of representing an image on a surface by means of adding lines and shades, as with a pencil, crayon, pen, chalk, pastels, etc. Also refers to an illustration that has been drawn by hand.
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Posted on August 5, 2011 by jhockman
Air times: Saturday @ 9:30 am/Repeated Sunday @ 9:00pm
January 10_11_17_18, 2015
The Old Wife’s Tale Written and Read by Gillian Roberts
“I cry at weddings. All weddings, even for people I don’t know…The poor brides and grooms are like innocent and idealistic recruits being sent to battle by seasoned warriors who know the odds are stacked against them….George–George Edward Alexander, a man of three first names–and I made our death-do-us-part vows years ago….George is the love of my life. He always was, he still is, and he always will be. I’ve made sure of that.”
Hmmmmmmmm. What can this mean? How did this woman make “sure of that.”
Caught Dead in Philadelphia by Gillian Roberts; Chapter 1 read by Elizabeth Michaels
“At 7:58 am on a wet Monday morning, twenty-seven hours after giving up cigarettes and a green-eyed disc jockey, I was not in a mood to socialize. Facing myself in the bathroom mirror had exhausted my conviviality. Choosing a sweater and skirt had used up my intellectual reserve.”
A young, witty schoolteacher……………....and a dead body!
The Fly by Katherine Mansfield read by Joy Hockman
“It had been a terrible shock to him when old Woodifield sprang that remark upon him about the boy’s grave.” If this is a story about a grieving father, why is it called, The Fly?
A Chest of Silver by Ernest William Hornung read by Chris Jones
You are undoubtedly familiar with Sherlock Holmes, master detective. Now meet A.J. Raffles, Master Cracksman. Can a Raffles get away with a daring crime?
The Man with the Knives by Heinrich Boll
Great Expectations by Charles Dickens Part 2 of 3 part introduction read by Joy Hockman
The mist was heavier yet when I got out upon the marshes, so that instead of my running at everything, everything seemed to run at me. This was very disagreeable to a guilty mind.”
Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare as told by Charles and Mary Lamb and read by Sonia Cropper
“Hold your noise!” cried a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the graves at the side of the church porch. “Keep still, you little devil, or I’ll cut your throat!”
March 22-23 2014
The Half-Brothers by Elizabeth Gaskell read by Joy Hockman
Every bone, every fibre in my body seemed first to ache, and then to swell, and then to turn numb with the intense cold. My brother bore it better than I…
February 8-9,2014
Butch Minds the Baby by Damon Runyon read by David Greenwald
The Happiest Man in the World by Albert Maltz read by Joy Hockman
When you take this job your luck is a question mark. The only thing certain is that sooner or later you get killed. “Okay then,” Jessie shouted back, ” Then I do. But meanwhile I get something, don’t I? I can buy a pair of shoes…I can buy some candy for the kids. I can eat some myself. Yes, by God, I want to eat some candy.”
November 30-December 1, 2013
The Man with the Knives by Heinrich Boll read by Joy Hockman
Jupp was holding the knife by the point of the blade and letting it swing idly from side to side. It was a long breadknife with a thin blade and one could see that it was sharp. With a sudden movement he threw it up into the air. It went up….struck the ceiling, lost its momentum and fell sharply down, point foremost, straight at Jupp’s head…
Excerpt from The People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn read by Joy Hockman
Columbus and the other early explorers and the American Indians. How to look at history.
A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner read by Joy Hockman
A Rose for Emily reveals the influence that Southern Gothic had on Faulkner’s writing. This story has a moody and forbidding atmosphere; a crumbling, decaying old mansion and a woman not willing or able to be a part of the change going on around her. She finds an ingenious solution to her problem.
October 26-27,2013
Halloween Special: Stories by two famous spooky writers. The Boy Drew Cats by Lafcadio Hearn and The Black Cat by Edgar Allan Poe
The Hammer of God by CK Chesterton read by Joy Hockman
“Norman,” said the cleric, with his eye on a pebble in the road, “are you ever afraid of thunderbolts?”
“What do you mean?” asked the colonel.
“I mean, ” said Wilfred, without looking up, “do you ever think that God might strike you in the street? But if you do not fear God, you have good reason to fear man.”
August 31- September 1
The Case of the Missing Servant by Tarquin Hall read by Anthony Hall Smith
The Dordogne Deception written and read by Sherry Joyce
Listen to the opening of this romantic suspense novel.
Stop-time by Frank Conroy read by Joy Hockman
This excerpt is to introduce or re-introduce Frank Conroy’s Stop-time. It’s one of the most sensitive, powerful accounts of a young man’s coming of age…..and it’s so well written.
July 6-7, 2013
The Last Speaker of the Language written and read by Carol Anshaw
“…her mother is still passed out on the floor of the bathroom. Darlyn needs to use the toilet, which her mother is sort of propped against, like a bad doll. She takes her by an arm and a leg, and pulls her sideways by her sweatshirt over a ways toward the wall, lifts her head onto a folded towel. Then, while she is sitting on the toilet, she sinks into the special sorrow of peeing while your mother is out cold on the floor next to you.”
Cold Comfort Farm by Stella Gibbons read by Joy Hockman
Have you ever been on a farm like Cold Comfort Farm…..with a family like the Starkadders? Meet Adam. “He stood up, sighing, and crossed over to Pointless, who was eating Graceless’ tail. Adam, who was linked to all dumb brutes by a chain forged in soil and sweat, took it out of her mouth and put into it instead, his neckerchief–the last he had. She mumbled it, while he milked her, but stealthily spat it out as soon as he passed on to Aimless…She did not want o hurt the old man’s feelings by declining to eat his gift”
The Christmas Gift by Robert Penn Warren read by Joy Hockman
The Maltese Falcon by Dashiell Hammett read by Dan Sipe
You saw the movie now hear an excerpt from the book.
The Cinema of the Dardennes Brothers: Responsible Realism written and read by Philip Mosley
The Dardennes Brothers of Belgium are two of the greatest directors working today. Listen to this excerpt from Mosley’s book about them to get a window into how they work.
On the Divide by Willa Cather read by Joy Hockman
It was a physical necessity for him to get away from his cabin once in a while. He had been there for ten years, digging and plowing and sowing,and reaping what little the hail and the hot winds and the frosts left him to reap. Insanity and suicide are very common things on the Divide.
The Girl Who Left Her Sock on the Floor by Deborah Eisenberg read by Vicki Solot_Part 2
“What had she done? What had been seen or heard or said? Had someone already told Mr. Klemper? Was it cutting lacrosse? Had she been reported smoking again in back of the Science Building? Because if she had she was out. Out. Out. End. The end of her fancy scholarship, the end of her education, the end of her freedom, the end of her future.
pril 20-21, 2013
2BR02B by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr._read by Joy Hockman
“Everything was perfectly swell. There were no prisons, no slums, no insane asylums, no cripples, no poverty, no wars. All diseases were conquered. So was old age. Death, barring accidents, was an adventure for volunteers.”
March, 30-31 2013
East of the Sierra written and read by Allison Alsup (repeat)
“The boy stays close. From the moment the steamship docks, his son’ts jacket brushes his own. Lin-Hui thinks they must make for an odd sight: the taller, wide-shouldered youth crouching in the armpit of a man almost old enough to be a grandfather….And now, even though he has seen ten thousand Americans, he thinks it better to keep the boy near. Anything can happen on Gold Mountain.”
Creative Fiction written and read by Wendy Forman
Tune in this week to hear the personal essays–very funny–of Wendy Forman
March 9-10, 20
The Susquehanna, River of Dreams, Part One_Logging_by Susan Q. Stranahan
In November 1817, Chauncey Brockway, his wife, Rhoda, and their infant daughter left their home in New York State, bound for land they had purchased in what is now Elk County…They were forced to abandon the canoe on the Sinnemahoning Creek when the rocky stream froze solid…Brockway carrued the baby, and his wife a satchel of clothing. Brockway was 24 years old. Ms. Stranahan introduces the reading.
March 16-17, 2013 Susquehanna, River of Dreams_Part 2_by Susan Q Stranahan with commentary by the author.
Williamsport was a gilded city with a seemingly unlimited future–as long as the river delivered trees and the mills kept humming. In the summer of 1872 the mills fell silent.
March 2-3, 2013 (repeat show)
Jack Kennedy: Elusive Hero written and read by Chris Matthews
Join us for a Tell Me a Story Exclusive: Chris Matthews, host of Hardball, reads a chapter from his new book, Jack Kennedy: Elusive Hero. Interviewed by Arnold Prehn and Joy Hockman, Chris Matthews talks about why he chose to write about Kennedy.
Big Business by P.G. Wodehouse read by David Greenwald
Listen to this hilarious story read hilariously by a talented reader, David Greenwald.
Legends written and read by Edwidge Danticat
Hear award winning writer, Edwidge Danticat, read her beautiful prose-poem, Legends. A WFTE exclusive.
Valentine’s Day Love Poems
Sonnets by William Shakespeare and Elizabeth Barrett Browning_introduced and read by Lennie Belasco and poems written and read by Melanie Simms.
The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky by Stephen Crane read by Sam Peppard (repeat)
“Upon the instant the man dropped his revolver to the ground, and, like lightning, whipped another from its holster. The second weapon was aimed at the bridegroom’s chest.”
A Summer Tragedy by Arna Bontemps
Old Jeff Patton, the black share farmer, fumbled with his bow tie. His fingers trembled and the high stiff collar pinched his throat. A fellow loses his hand for such vanities after thirty or forty years of simple life
The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde read by Joy Hockman
An excerpt from this famous Oscar Wilde story about the vanity of man, the desire for immortality, perhaps.
It’s So Not Me from Shout Her Lovely Name_written and read by Natalie Serber
“Walter didn’t put any demands on me. He just liked me to be home when he came in. I liked the straightforward sex. For added mystique, I had him whisper things about Pi and solving for x while we fornicated.” Serber’s collection of stories, Shout Her Lovely Name,” was named one of the 100 notable books for 2012.
The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton by Arthur Conan Doyle read by Joy Hockman
“Do you feel a creeping, shrinking sensation, Watson, when you stand before the serpents in the Zoo and see the slithery, gliding, venomous creatures, with their deadly eyes and wicked, flattened faces? Well, that’s how Milverton iimpresses me.”
Albert Nobbs (repeat)
The Man Who Loved Islands_Part 2_by D.H. Lawrence read by Joy Hockman
It was a kind of pity for her which made him become he lover: though he never realized the extent of the power she had gained over him, and how SHE had willed it. But the moment he had fallen, a jangling feeling came upon him, that it was all wrong.
December 8-9
The Man Who Loved Islands by D.H.Lawrence read by Joy Hockman_Part One
An island, if it is big enough, is no better than a continent. It has to be really quite small, before it FEELS like an island; and this story will show how tiny it has to be, before you can presume to fill it with your own personality.
Old Jeff Patton, the black share farmer, fumbled with his bow tie. His fingers trembled and the high stiff collar pinched his throat. A fellow loses his hand for such vanities after thirty or forty years of simple life.
November24-25, 2012
Thanksgiving Special: Howard Zinn’s account of Christopher Columbus and the early Explorers from A People’s History of the United States
God Sees the Truth, But Waits by Leo Tolstoy read by Joy Hockman
Aksionov looked, and seeing a blood-stained knife taken from his bag, he was frightened. “How is it there is blood on this knife?” Aksionov tried to answer, but could hardly utter a word, and only stammered: “I—don’t know–not mine.”
The Rocking Horse Winner by D. H. Lawrence_read by Joy Hockman
“And so the house came to be haunted by the unspoken phrase: There must be more money!…The children could hear it all the time though nobody said it aloud. They heard it at Christmas, when the expensive and splendid toys filled the nursery. Behind the shining modern rocking-horse…a voice would start whispering: “There must be more money!”…And the children would stop playing, to listen for a moment.
Two Stories by Virginia Woolf_Read by Joy Hockman
Assisted Living by Russell Baker read by Joy Hockman
A story of family and of unspoken questions.
One Autumn Night by Maxim Gorky read by Joy Hockman
I walked and walked along the cold wet sand, making my chattering teeth warble in honour of cold and hunger, when suddenly, as I was carefully searching for something to eat behind one of the empty crates, I perceived behind it, crouching on the ground, a figure in woman’s clothes dank with the rain and clinging fast to her stooping shoulders.”
East of the Sierra written and read by Allison Alsup
The Botany of Desire by Michael Pollan_The Potato_Part 2
“On my way back to Boise I did a drive-through at a McDonald’s and ordered a bag of the fries in question. You know, their fries really are gorgeous: slender golden rectangles long enough to overshoot their trim red containers like a bouquet. To look at them is to appreciate that these aren’t just french fries: they’re Platonic ideals of french fries, the image and the food rolled into one….” Listen to hear how this “ideal” has affected potato growing.
The gardener learns that every advance in his control of the garden is also an invitation to a new disorder…So the freshly hoed earth invites a new crop of weeds, the potent new pesticide engenders resistance in pests, and every new step in the direction of simplification–toward monoculture, say, or genetically identical plants–leads to unimagined new complexities.”
September 1-2 The House on an Irish Hillside_written and read by Felicity Hayes-McCoy
“If you walk up the Clasach from Dun Chaoin today there’s a place where you can turn and look back for a last glimpse of the islands. People call it The Place of Goodbyes. In the past, some of the saddest gatherings in Ireland were called American Wakes.”
August 25-26 The House on an Irish Hillside_written and read by Felicity Hayes-McCoy
August 18-19 Sredni Vashtar and Tobermory by Saki read by Susan Cropper and Joy Hockman
“Conradin was ten years old, and the doctor had pronounced his professional opinion that the boy would not live another five years. The doctor was silky and effete, and counted for little, but his opinion was endorsed by Mrs. de Ropp, who counted for nearly everthing.”
August 11-12 Occurence at Owl Creek Bridge by Ambrose Pierce read by Philip Weber “A man stood on a railroad bridge in Alabama, looking down at the swift water twenty feet below. His hands were tied behind his back, the wrists bound with a cord. A rope closely encircled his neck.
August 4-5, 2012 The Secret Garden by G. K. Chesterton read Joy Hockman
“Astride Valentin, Chief of the Paris Police, was late for his dinner…He was, in truth, making some last arrangements about executions and such ugly things.”
Catch 22 by Joseph Heller
“There was only one catch and that was Catch 22…Orr would be crazy to fly more missions and sane if he didn’t but if he was sane he had to fly them.”
The Mourning by William Trevor
“It was then that Liam Pat began to feel afraid. It was one thing to have it over Huxter, to know what Huxter didn’t know; it was one thing to get a smile from the barmaid. It was another altogether to be sitting on a bus with a device in a sports bag.
Hanukah Program Lights and Miracles
The Power of Light by Isaac Bashevis Singer and The Demon Foiled by Ann Roiphe
“The new mayor of the city was Jewish, which didn’t mean he wouldn’t celebrate Kwanzaa. Also Christmas Mass at the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Sea…”
“Imagine a morning in late November. A coming of winter morning more than twenty years ago. Consider the kitchen of a spreading old house in a country town…’Oh my,’she exclaims, her breath smoking the windowpane, ‘it’s fruitcake weather!'”
December 31-January 1
The German Refugee by Bernard Malamud
“To many of these people, articulate as they were, the great loss was the loss of language…As Karl Otto Alp, the ex-film star…put it years later, ‘I felt like a child, or worse, often like a moron. I am left with myself unexpressed. What I knew, indeed, what I am, becomes to me a burden. My tongue hangs useless.”
Winesburg, Ohio by Sherwood Anderson and Spoon River Anthology by Edgar Lee Masters
“From wanting to reach the ears of Kate Swift, and through his sermons to delve into her soul, he began to want also to look again at the figure lying white and quiet in the bed.”
“But there was the old, old problem: Should it be celibacy, matrimony or unchastity?”
The Garden Party by Katherine Mansfield
“But we can’t possibly have a garden party with a dead man just outside the front gate.”
The New Dress by Virginia Woolf
“We are all like flies trying to crawl over the edge of the saucer, Mabel thought, and repeated the phrase as if she were crossing herself, as if she were trying to find some spell to annul this pain, to make this agony endurable.”
The Kugelmass Episode by Woody Allen (Repeat)
“Kugelmass’ heart danced on point. I am in love, he thought, I am the possessor of a wonderful secret. What he didn’t realize was that at this very moment students in various classrooms across the country were saying to their teacher, “Who is this character on page 100. A bald Jew is kissing Madame Bovary?”
‘Selling the General’ from A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan_Part 1
“And then Arc had called. The general wanted an exclusive retainer. He wanted rehabilitation, American sympathy, an end to the CIA’s assassination attempts. If Qaddafi could do it, why not he?”
“Kitty came toward him slowly–poured toward him, really, that was how smoothly she moved in her sage green dress…she poured toward the general and took his hand…”
Rothschild’s Fiddle by Anton Chekhov
“When Bronze sat in the orchestra…there was a suffocating smell of garlic, the fiddle squeaked… while the flute wailed at his left, played by a gaunt, red-haired Jew who had a perfect network of red and blue veins all over his face, and who bore the name of the famous millionaire Rothschild.”
The Two Bottles of Relish by Lord Dunsany
“In fact they had more clues than anybody could make head or tail of. Every kind of clue to show that he’d murdered the poor little girl; every kind of clue to show that he hadn’t disposed of the body; and yet the body wasn’t there.”
The Enchanted Cliff by Willa Cather
“There’s a big red rock there that goes right up out of the sand for about nine hundred feet. The country’s flat all around it, and this here rock goes up all by itself, like a monument. They call it the Enchanted Bluff down there, because no white man has ever been on top of it.”
The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky by Stephen Crane read by Sam Peppard
“As Mr. John Oakhurst, gambler, stepped into the main street of Poker Flat on the morning of the twenty-third of November, 1850, he was conscious of a change in its moral atmosphere since the preceding night. Two or three men, conversing earnestly together, ceased as he approached, and exchanged significant glances. There was a Sabbath lull in the air which, in a settlement unused to Sabbath influences, looked ominous.”
Devil in the Blue Dress by Walter Mosley read by Derrick Brown
“Joppy’s windows were so dingy that you couldn’t see out onto 103rd Street. But if you sat at a small cherry table next to them, at least you had the benefit of the the dull glow of daylight.”
The Most Dangerous Game by Richard Connell read by Sam Peppard
“An abrupt sound startled him. Off to the right he heard it, and his ears, expert in such matters,could not be mistaken. Again he heard the sound, and again. Somewhere, off in the blackness, someone had fired a gun three times.”
The Monkey’s Paw by W.W.Jacobs
“It had a spell put on it by an old fakir,” said the sergeant-major, “a very holy man. He wanted to show that fate ruled people’s lives, and that those who interfered with it did so to their sorrow.”
See last week.
Recuperation by Roddy Doyle read by Paul Federico
Hanahoe sets off on his daily prescribed walk around his neighborhood, the sights triggering recollections of his wife, his children and his younger days.
Albert Nobbs by George Moore
Albert Nobbs has a secret. Listen to what happened to Albert Nobbs after he meets Hubert Page.
Botany of Desire (The Apple) by Michael Pollan
“Every schoolchild learns about the mutually beneficial dance of honeybees and flowers…In The Botany of Desire, Michael Pollan ingeniously demonstrates how people and domesticated plants have formed a similarly reciprocal relationship.”
May 19-20 and May 26-27
Let the Great World Spin by Colum McCann read by Sam Peppard
Listen to two excerpts of the 2009 National Book Award Winner, Let the Great World Spin, read by Sam Peppard. See our
Facebook page for a sample of the reading. It’s a treat!
The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne read by Joy Hockman
“Make way, good people, make way, in the King’s name!”cried he. “Open a passage; and, I promise yoe,Mistress Prynne shall be set where man, woman, and child may have a fair sight of her…come along, Madam Hester, and show your scarlet letter in the market place!”
‘Selling the General’ from A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan_Part 1 read by Joy Hockman
Jews Without Money by Mike Gold read by Jake Rosen
Hear Jake Rosen, our CEO read excerpts from a book that is sad, funny, poignant and real. The rhythm of the language, the subject matter and the humor all reflect the Jewish immigrant experience of the early 20th century. Don’t miss Jake’s reading.
July 7-8
Christmas Gift by Robert Penn Warren
The Cop and the Anthem/Tobin’s Palm by O. Henry
“On his bench in Madison Square Soapy moved uneasily. When wild geese honk high of nights, and when women without sealskin coats grow kind to their husbands, and when Soapy moves uneasily on his bench in the park, you may know that winter is near at hand.”
Mr. Lismore and the Widow by Wilkie Collins
“Observing the lady as she approached him…,he noticed that she still preserved the remains of beauty…At the same time she evidently held herself above the common deceptions by which some women seek to conceal their age. She wore her own gray hair, and her complexion bore the test of daylight
In the Old Days by Edwidge Danticat Read by Edwidge Danticat
“The call came on a Friday evening as I was lying in bed, grading student essays. ‘My husband,’ the sniffling woman said, ‘is dying and it seems that-‘She paused and it sounded as though she was swallowing more air than she wanted to. ‘And it seems as if his final wish is to spend a few minutes with you.'”
December 3-4 Catch 22 by Joseph Heller “There was only one catch and that was Catch 22…Orr would be crazy to fly more missions and sane if he didn’t but if he was sane he had to fly them.”
December 10-11 The Mourning by William Trevor “It was then that Liam Pat began to feel afraid. It was one thing to have it over Huxter, to know what Huxter didn’t know; it was one thing to get a smile from the barmaid. It was another altogether to be sitting on a bus with a device in a sports bag.
December 17-18 Hanukah Program Lights and Miracles The Power of Light by Isaac Bashevis Singer and The Demon Foiled by Ann Roiphe “The new mayor of the city was Jewish, which didn’t mean he wouldn’t celebrate Kwanzaa. Also Christmas Mass at the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Sea..
December 24-25 A Christmas Memory by Truman Capote “Imagine a morning in late November. A coming of winter morning more than twenty years ago. Consider the kitchen of a spreading old house in a country town…’Oh my,’she exclaims, her breath smoking the windowpane, ‘it’s fruitcake weather!'”
December 31-January 1 The German Refugee by Bernard Malamud “To many of these people, articulate as they were, the great loss was the loss of language…As Karl Otto Alp, the ex-film star…put it years later, ‘I felt like a child, or worse, often like a moron. I am left with myself unexpressed. What I knew, indeed, what I am, becomes to me a burden. My tongue hangs useless.
January 14-15 Winesburg, Ohio by Sherwood Anderson and Spoon River Anthology by Edgar Lee Masters “From wanting to reach the ears of Kate Swift, and through his sermons to delve into her soul, he began to want also to look again at the figure lying white and quiet in the bed.” “But there was the old, old problem: Should it be celibacy, matrimony or unchastity?”
January 21-22The Garden Party by Katherine Mansfield “But we can’t possibly have a garden party with a dead man just outside the front gate.”
January 28-29 The New Dress by Virginia Woolf “We are all like flies trying to crawl over the edge of the saucer, Mabel thought, and repeated the phrase as if she were crossing herself, as if she were trying to find some spell to annul this pain, to make this agony endurable.”
February 4-5 Kugelmass Episode by Woody Allen (Repeat) “Kugelmass’ heart danced on point. I am in love, he thought, I am the possessor of a wonderful secret. What he didn’t realize was that at this very moment students in various classrooms across the country were saying to their teacher, “Who is this character on page 100. A bald Jew is kissing Madame Bovary?”
February 11-12 ‘Selling the General’ from A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan_Part 1 “And then Arc had called. The general wanted an exclusive retainer. He wanted rehabilitation, American sympathy, an end to the CIA’s assassination attempts. If Qaddafi could do it, why not he?”
February 18-19’Selling the General’ from A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan_Part 2 “Kitty came toward him slowly–poured toward him, really, that was how smoothly she moved in her sage green dress…she poured toward the general and took his hand..
February 25-26 Rothschild’s Fiddle by Anton Chekhov “When Bronze sat in the orchestra…there was a suffocating smell of garlic, the fiddle squeaked… while the flute wailed at his left, played by a gaunt, red-haired Jew who had a perfect network of red and blue veins all over his face, and who bore the name of the famous millionaire Rothschild.”
March 3-4 The Two Bottles of Relish by Lord Dunsany “In fact they had more clues than anybody could make head or tail of. Every kind of clue to show that he’d murdered the poor little girl; every kind of clue to show that he hadn’t disposed of the body; and yet the body wasn’t there.”
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Tirion Funerals
Traditional Funerals
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Audrey Jones
"I knew Audrey as a young woman, when she was my girlfriend, and again in old age. During the last two years we exchanged hundreds of emails revisiting the joys and the traumas of our shared past. Whatever spark had been between us 55 years ago was still alive. In her life Audrey had more than her fair share of troubles, but she was tough, resilient, and fiercely independent. Confronted with the hypocrisy and incompetence of the powerful her scorn could be withering, but she faced her cruel disablement since 2007 with courage, sometimes with anger, but without self-pity. Writing to me in old age her voice was strong, clear, witty, intelligent, sometimes caustic and unhesitatingly honest. Her zest for life was unquenched, her sense of fun undimmed. Together we unearthed and explored aspects of our youthful selves, and our (very different) personalities, which neither of us had previously understood. It has been an extraordinary privilege to have encountered Audrey not once in my life, but twice. I will miss her voice more than I can say: and the virtual hugs we sent each other. "
"Audrey was toughminded, witty and a great friend. I loved her art and I think she deserved to be much better known. My condolences to her family. "
Announcements: Click here to visit our Announcements page.
Condolences: Click here to visit our Condolences page.
Angladdau Tirion Funerals
If you would like to plan your own funeral or help someone else to do so please get in touch. Or if you have recently been bereaved or just need advice please do give us a call, we'd love to hear from you.
Email: info@tirionfunerals.co.uk
© 2021 Copyright Angladdau Tirion Funerals. All Rights Reserved. Website by Delwedd.
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Palatalization
In linguistics, palatalization ( or ), also palatization, may refer to two different processes by which a sound, usually a consonant, comes to be produced with the tongue in a position in the mouth near the palate.
In describing the phonetics of an existing language (i.e., in synchronic descriptions), a palatalized consonant is one pronounced with a palatal secondary articulation. This means that the consonant is pronounced as if followed very closely by the sound (a palatal approximant, like the sound of "y" in "yellow"). For example, in the Polish word kiedy ("when"), the letters ki represent a palatalized , indicated in IPA notation as , with a superscript "j". This sound is similar to the combination of "k" and "y" in English "thank you".
The other meaning of palatalization is encountered in historical linguistics, and refers to a sound change in which a consonant's place of articulation becomes closer to the palatal position. This change is often triggered by a following sound or a front vowel. For example, in Italian, before the front vowels e and i, the letter c (which otherwise represents , a velar consonant), has come to be pronounced as the palato-alveolar consonant , like English "ch" (see hard and soft c).
Palatalization of both types is widespread across languages in the world, though its actual manifestation varies. In some languages, such as the Slavic languages, palatal or palatalized consonants are frequently referred to as soft consonants, with others called hard consonants.
The term palatalized vowel is also sometimes used, to refer to a vowel that has become fronter or closer.
Historical (diachronic) palatalization
Synchronic palatalization
Local uses of the word
In technical terms, palatalization refers to one of several things:
A phonetic term of the secondary articulation of consonants by which the body of the tongue is raised toward the hard palate and the alveolar ridge during the articulation of the consonant. Such consonants are phonetically palatalized, and in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) they are indicated by a superscript j , as with for a palatalized [t].[1]
A common assimilatory process or the result of such a process, which involves front vowels (that is, sounds with a higher second formant such as and ) and/or the palatal approximant causing nearby phones to shift towards (though not necessarily coming to) the palatal articulatory position or to positions closer to the front of the mouth.
The first may be the result of the second, but they are often different. A vowel may "palatalize" a consonant (sense 2), but the result might not be a palatalized consonant in the phonetic sense (sense 1), or the phonetically palatalized (sense 1) consonant may occur irrespective of adjacency to front vowels.
The word "palatalization" may also be used for the effect a palatal or palatalized consonant exerts on nearby sounds, as in the history of Old French where Bartsch's law turned low vowels into or after a palatalized velar consonant, or in the Uralic language Erzya, where the near-open low front unrounded vowel only occurs as an allophone of the open vowel after a palatalized consonant, as seen in the pronunciation of the name of the language itself, . Something similar may have been the case for some or even all low vowels in Old French, which could explain the palatalization of almost all velar plosives before .[2] However, while the process may be called palatalization, the resulting vowel is not called a palatalized vowel in the phonetic sense. Terminology such as "palatal vowel" is found, but this is primary and not secondary articulation.
"Pure" palatalization is denoted by a small superscript in IPA. This is a modification to the articulation of a consonant, where the middle of the tongue is raised, and nothing else. It may produce a laminal articulation of otherwise apical consonants such as and . It is a phonemic feature in some languages; a common misconception is that it is merely allophonic, like in English. Phonemic palatalization may be contrasted with either plain or velarized articulation. In Finnic languages, Baltic languages and Slavic languages, the contrast is with plain consonants, but in Irish, it is with velarized consonants.
Phonetically palatalized consonants may vary in their exact realization. Some, but not all languages add offglides or onglides. In Russian, both plain and palatalized consonant phonemes are found in words like , and . Typically, the vowel (especially a non-front vowel) following a palatalized consonant has a palatal offglide. In Hupa, on the other hand, the palatalization is heard as both an onglide and an offglide. In some cases, the realization of palatalization may change without any corresponding phonemic change. For example, according to Thurneysen, palatalized consonants at the end of a syllable in Old Irish had a corresponding onglide (reflected as i in the spelling), which was no longer present in Middle Irish (based on explicit testimony of grammarians of the time period).
Palatalization can also occur as a suprasegmental feature that affects the pronunciation of an entire syllable. This is the case in Skolt Sami, a language which is unusual in contrasting suprasegmental palatalization with segmental palatalization (i.e., inherently palatalized consonants).
Palatalization is usually triggered only by mid, close (high) front vowels and the semi-vowel ; but counterexamples to this are also found. In addition, tongue-fronting (a process mainly induced by front vowels) typically affects velar consonants, while tongue-raising typically affects apical and coronal consonants. On the other hand, most of the palatalized consonants also undergo spirantization, except for the palatalized labials.
In Gallo-Romance, Vulgar Latin * became * very early, with the subsequent deaffrication and some further developments of the vowel. For instance:
cattus ('cat') chat
calvus ('bald') chauve
blanca ('white' fem.) blanche
catena ('chain') chaine
carus ('dear') cher
Early English borrowings from French show the original affricate, as chamber ('[private] room') < Old French chambre < camera; cf French chambre ('room')
Palatalization may result in a phonemic split, that is, a historical change by which a phoneme becomes two new phonemes over time through phonetic palatalization.
Old historical splits have frequently drifted since the time they occurred, and may be independent of current phonetic palatalization. The lenition tendency of palatalized consonants (by assibilation and deaffrication) is important here. According to some analyses,[3] the lenition of the palatalized consonant is still a part of the palatalization process itself.
For example, Votic has undergone such a change historically, in for example *keeli t eeli ('language'), but there is currently an additional distinction between palatalized laminal and non-palatalized apical consonants. An extreme example occurs in Spanish, where palatalized ('soft') g has ended up as ; this results from a long process where became palatalized to , then assibilated to , deaffricated to , devoiced to shifted back to the velar place of articulation (See History of Spanish and ceceo for more information).
While the great majority of palatalization effects are connected with sequences with a consonant adjacent to a high front or mid front vowel or glide, palatalization may occur spontaneously in a sense. In Southwestern Romance, in word-initial clusters with a voiceless obstruent became palatalized, as Latin clamare ('to call') Italian chiamare and Portuguese chamar; in Spanish, the obstruent drops before the palatalized liquid: llamar . Differently, in an even larger area, Latin became (or even ), thus from a form like Latin oct ('eight') comes French huit, Spanish ocho, and Portuguese oito .
Such phonemic splits due to historic palatalization are common in many other languages. Some English examples of cognate words distinguished by historical palatalization are church vs. kirk, witch vs. wicca, ditch vs. dike, and shirt vs. skirt. The pronunciation of wicca as is a spelling pronunciation based on unfamiliarity with Old English spelling conventions (wicca was presumably < *wikj ); in the other cases, the words come from related dialects or languages (skirt from Danish) which differed in the place and degree of palatalization. More recently, the original of question and nature have come to be pronounced before in a number of English dialects, and the original of soldier and procedure have come to be . This effect can also be seen in casual speech in some dialects, where Do you want to go? comes out as , and Did you eat yet? as .
Palatalization has played a major role in the history of English in addition to the Uralic, Romance, Slavic, Goidelic, Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Twi, Micronesian languages and Indic languages, among many others throughout the world. In pre-Old English, for example (c. 400 AD), palatalization produced new phonemes , and , along with many new cases of . Palatal/non-palatal alternations from this time are still visible in pairs such as speak vs. speech, and less obviously in day vs. dawn. A more recent palatalization (c. 1600 AD) has produced extensive alternations, as in close vs. closure , face vs. facial , -ate vs. -ature , etc.
In Japanese, allophonic palatalization affected the dental plosives and , turning them into alveolo-palatal affricates and before . Japanese has only recently regained phonetic and through borrowed words, and thus this originally allophonic palatalization has become lexical. A similar change has also happened in Polish and Belarusian.
In some Zoque languages, does not palatalize velar consonants while it does turn alveolars into palato-alveolars. In the Nupe language, and are palatalized both before front vowels and , while velars are only palatalized before front vowels. In Ciluba, palatalizes only a preceding , , or . In some variants of Ojibwe velars are palatalized before , while apicals are not. In Indo-Aryan languages, dentals and are palatalized when occurring in clusters before while velars are not.
Palatalization may be a synchronic phonological process, i.e., some phonemes have palatalized allophones in certain contexts, typically before front vowels, and unpalatalized allophones elsewhere. Because it is allophonic, it often goes unnoticed by native speakers. As an example, compare the of English key with that of coo, or tea with took. The consonant in the first word of each pair is palatalized, but few English speakers would perceive them as distinct.
The process gets complicated when other phonological and morphological processes that delete the palatalizing sound, such as syncope or elision, make the surface realization appear to be a phonemic contrast when analysis of the deep structure shows it to be allophonic. For example, Romanian consonants are palatalized before . Palatalized consonants also appear terminally as the manifestation of certain morphological markers, particularly to indicate plurality in nouns and adjectives and the second person singular in verbs.[4] On the surface, it would appear then that ban ('coin') forms a minimal pair with bani The interpretation commonly taken, however, is that an underlying morpheme |-| palatalizes the consonant and is subsequently deleted.
Palatalization may also occur as a morphological process. For example, although Russian makes phonemic contrasts between palatalized and unpalatalized consonants, alternations across morpheme boundaries are normal:[5]
('answer') vs. ('to answer')
('I carry') vs. ('carries')
('hunger') vs. ('hungry' masc.)
There are various other local or historical uses of the word. In Slavic linguistics, the "palatal" fricatives marked by a h ek are really postalveolar consonants that arose from palatalization historically. There are also phonetically palatalized consonants (marked with an acute accent) that contrast with this; thus the distinction is made between "palatal" (postalveolar) and "palatalized". Such "palatalized" consonants are not always phonetically palatalized; e.g., in Russian, when undergoes palatalization, a palatalized sibilant offglide appears, as in .
In Uralic linguistics, "palatalization" has the standard phonetic meaning. , , , , , are distinct phonemes, as they are in the Slavic languages, but and are not considered either palatal or palatalized sounds. Also, the Uralic palatalized is a stop with no frication, unlike in Russian.
In using the Latin alphabet for Uralic languages, palatalization is typically denoted with an acute accent, as in V ro ; an apostrophe, as in Karelian s ; or digraphs in j, as in the Savo dialect of Finnish, sj . Postalveolars, in contrast, take a caron, , or are digraphs in h , sh .
Iotation, a form of palatalization in Slavic languages
Soft sign, a Cyrillic grapheme indicating palatalization
Manner of articulation
List of phonetics topics
Labio-palatalization
Palatalization in Vulgar Latin
Mouill
Tatar accent, Russian accent without palatalization
Bynon, Theodora. Historical Linguistics. Cambridge University Press, 1977. ISBN 0-521-21582-X (hardback) or ISBN 978-0-521-29188-0 (paperback).
Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.
↑ Prior to 1989, several palatalized consonants were represented by curly-tailed variants in the IPA, e.g., for and for . See also Palatal hook.
↑ e.g.
↑ See for a fuller list of examples.
Erkki Savolainen, Internetix 1998. ''Suomen murteet Koprinan murretta''. (with a sound sample with palatalized t')
Frisian assibilation as a hypercorrect effect due to a substrate language
af:Palatalisasie als:Palatalisierung br:Staonekadur ca:Palatalitzaci cs:Palatalizace de:Palatalisierung es:Palatalizaci n fr:Palatalisation ko: hr:Palatalizacija it:Palatalizzazione he: ka: li:Palatalisatie hu:Palataliz ci csb:Palatalizacj nl:Palatalisatie ja: no:Palatalisering nn:Palatalisering pl:Palatalizacja pt:Palataliza o ro:Palatalizare ru: sk:Palataliz cia sr: fi:Liudennus sv:Palatalisering uk: zh:
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ACFA E-News
Paradise Dam farmers say 70pc water allocations spell uncertain futures
Monday, 13 Jul, 2020 | Irrigation & Water, Sugar Industry
Bundaberg district farmers say they are concerned for the future of agriculture in the region, after SunWater only announced 70 per cent allocations from Paradise Dam.
The water level of the Burnett River storage has been lowered to 42 per cent while essential safety work is carried out on the dam, including lowering the dam wall by 5.8m.
Work began to lower the dam wall height last month, after concerns were raised about the stability of the structure and the safety of downstream communities in a major flood event.
Following the work the capacity of the 300,000 megalitre storage will be permanently reduced by 57 per cent.
Neighbouring Childers farmers John Russo and Steve Hoffmann, said the impact of permanently reducing the capacity of Paradise was already starting to be felt.
“Everyone has been worried what would happen to announced allocations once the dam level was lowered,” said Mr Russo, who grows cane, peanuts and macadamias.
“Starting on 70pc allocation is certainly a challenge, but I’m more worried about next year.
“What will next year’s allocation be if we don’t have serious inflows into the dam?”
Mr Russo said many farmers had young macadamia orchards
“We’re all worried how we will keep those trees alive and get them through to maturity,” he said
Steve Hoffmann, who grows cane, peanuts and opportunity forage crops, said the was concerned that less reliable allocation meant he would not be able to plant opportunity crops.
“It’s a double whammy at the moment,” Mr Hoffmann said. “We’re just been through 18 months of dry conditions. In fact, we’re currently drought declared in this region, and now the announced allocation is only 70pc.
“I’ve made large investments in water infrastructure over the last few years to improve water use efficiency on my farms,” Mr Hoffmann said.
“Now I can’t even be sure I will have water to put through it.”
Mr Hoffmann said there was going to be some tough decisions made around the district this irrigation season.
“Growers are going to have to prioritise which crops they irrigate and which crops they neglect,” he said.
“It’s not a future we were expecting when we learnt Paradise Dam was going to be built.
“We thought a dam on the Burnett River would finally provide long term water security, but now everything is in doubt.
Mr Russo said strongly criticised the handling of Paradise Dam.
“We’d never see a dam in the south east corner of Queensland being lowered, so why is it happening here,” he said.
“It almost feels like we’re being penalised for being outside the south east corner” said Mr Russo said.
“Farmers just want to grow food for our state and our country, but we need reliable water in order to be able to do that.
“I’m very worried for the next generation, like my son, who are facing so much uncertainty about water security now.”
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Standardize, Simplify, and Innovate is David Donatelli's Mantra at HP
Last Update: Apr 21, 2011 | 07:59
Viewed 8683 times | Community Rating: 2.5
Originating Author: Bert Latamore
#memeconnect #hp
Since taking over Hewlett-Packard's Enterprise Servers, Storage, and Networking (ESSN) Division as Executive VP and General Manager, David Donatelli has driven a strategy of standardization, simplification, and innovation into HP's core business. He stopped by the SiliconAngle.tv Cube at a major HP event in Barcelona, Spain, in November 2010, soon after the 3PAR acquisition, to discuss his philosophy, which was already paying large dividends for HP customers.
Innovation is obvious at HP in the last 18 months. During that time it has completely refreshed or replaced virtually every server, storage, and networking product in its inventory. In the process, it has redesigned its products to fit its vision of the virtualized, cloud-based IT future.
Standardization, of course, started with building in industry standards wherever possible throughout HP's products, one of the guiding principles of this major upgrade. The result is a largely open architecture which minimizes lock-in for customers. But Mr. Donatelli also built a different meaning of the term into the new products – wherever possible HP uses standard, modular components across and between product lines. “For instance, now you can swap power supplies around between different kinds of servers and between servers and storage units. You can swap industry-standard and Unix servers in racks. You can share parts where you never could before.” He invokes Henry Ford's mantra of part standardization when describing this strategy.
This, he says, simplifies things for customers. It also gives HP extra leverage in its supply chain. As of the interview, HP's supply chain totaled $60B annually and growing. And because of standardization, that purchasing power is focused on the smallest number of SKUs possible. “When you're the largest buyer of disk drives in the world, the largest buyer of memory in the world, the largest buyer of Intel products in the world, chances are you're going to get the best prices,” he says.
Another part of the simplification campaign is the creation of reference architectures. And HP carries this concept beyond its own products to encompass popular enterprise applications. So for instance it has a reference architecture, and more recently a packaged system, to optimize Microsoft Exchange, a reference architecture for Azure, and another for SQLserver. And then HP has been innovating on top of this highly commoditized base by integrating a combination of home-grown and acquired leading edge technologies such as 3PAR, StoreOnce, and Ibrix.
But Mr. Donatelli's the largest standardization and simplification initiative to date has been the PodWorks. HP's pod is a self-contained data-center-in-a-box – all users have to do is plug it in and add applications. HP is not, of course, the only vendor to offer pods – IBM and Oracle have conceptually similar pre-configured offerings. However, HP has created the first automated factory to maximize efficiency and minimize cost when build its pods.
Again, Mr. Donatelli emphasizes that the pod structure can simplify customers' lives. “We've gone through a building boom like crazy of next-generation data centers. Depending on the size of your company, you're spending hundreds of millions of dollars, to in some cases billions, on data centers. And as soon as you're done, you always have regrets.” The pod, he says, is designed to solve that problem for customers. Instead of having to design a new data center, customers can have pods drop-shipped to their location and installed wherever the customer has room – in a parking lot if necessary – without having to design a new data center.
This is really aimed at cloud service providers, who are scaling at an incredible rate. “We gave an example at a press conference of one of the social media players who buys 40,000 servers at a time. Most of our enterprise customers don't have 40,000 servers total.” And that, of course, is with a fully virtualized infrstructure. At that rate, he says, these large service providers don't have time to design data centers.
Action Item: HP's combination of open architecture, heavy investment in innovation, clear vision of the future of IT in a virtualized, hybrid cloud environment, and maximization of efficiency to control cost, is a strategy for providing maximum value to customers. As a result HP should be on the short list when planning IT refresh or expansion.
3PAR, Cloud, HP, Professional alerts, Storage, Storage professional alerts
Comments on 'Standardize, Simplify, and Innovate is David Donatelli's Mantra at HP'
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Archive for the 'laos' Category
hell and back again
Wednesday, June 14th, 2006
we’ve spent the past few days in vientiane, the capital of laos. due to a strategical error (read: numbskullery) we’ve spent three days waiting for the entry date on our vietnam visas. vientiane, meanwhile, is a strange little nowhere-nothingsville of a place – a curious bit of hellishly hot backwater suspended in a state somewhere between renewal (if you’re a glass-half-full type) and decay (if you’re not). j calls it a shithole, though i wouldn’t say that. there’s nothing overtly wrong with it – but there’s precious little to recommend about it, excepting its function as a transport hub for, oh, anywhere but here. so our days were filled by shuttling between air-conditioned oases: eating at bakeries, noodling at internet cafes, and watching world cup matches at pubs. nothing to write home about.
so once our visas became valid, we hopped on te first bus to hanoi. as i write this, we’re in the 23rd hour of what has become the journey from hell. vientiane and hanoi are probably roughly600km or so apart, as the crow flies. so how, one might ask, does this entail such an epic bus ride? let me explain.
it’s important to understand, first of all, the distinctions between the several different classes of bus journey. the highest class is what’s known as the “v.i.p. bus”. this is a tourist class coach, of varying degrees of plushness, but the commonly found characteristics include three things: tourist priced ticketing, super-freeze air-conditioning, and an on-board toilet. the natural habitat of this “v.i.p. bus” is limited to within the borders of thailand (though some may say it has a close cousin in the chinese “overnight bus”, however the chief difference is that such “overnight buses” make absolutely no pretence at plushness.) the “v.i.p. buses” are often promoted as “sleeper buses”, the theoretical notion being that one departs in the evening, sleeps through the night, and awakes refreshes at their destination in the morning. having taken several of these, however, i can safely attest that absolutley no such sleeping takes place. these buses are also often billed as “express buses”, a description which might lend one to believe that they arrive at their destination significantly faster than other buses – but that belief would be highly erroneous. a unique and entertaining feature of many of these buses is the airbrushed artwork on the side (in imitation of “old-skool” graffiti artistry) and the neon halogen lighting, creating a funky urban thai hip-hop kinda vehicle.
the second class of bus is known as the “local bus”. this is the bus which the native-born countrymen take for long distance trips. it is usually characterised by uncomfortably narrow vinyl seating (reminiscent of a classic schoolbus), and hideous decor, often consisting of leftover wallpaper remnants, children’s bedroom curtains and dustruffles. the amenities on this type of bus are usually limited to basic airplane-like ventilation (or electric ceiling fans) and overhead lighting which is turned off for the duration of the trip, rendering it decorative only. while these buses are somewhat cheaper, the ticket price for foreigners is in no way reflective of what the locals actually pay (a fun little custom called “price tiering”) and the savings are often offset by the need for in-person purchasing and navigation of the chaos which is the public bus depot. this, in and of itself, requires one to call upon unexpected depths of patience and fortitude. furthermore, the “local bus” makes all “local” stops, some of which include mr. smith’s driveway, grandma jones’ convenience store, and a multitude of assorted random intersections and curbsides. depending on road conditions, refreshment/toilet breaks, whether or not mr. smith/grandma jones is travelling, and the mood of the driver, these buses can take from 2-6 hours longer to get where you’re going.
and finally, there is the “chicken bus”, which I believe i’ve described here before, but suffice to say they are often distinguished by the presence of livestock.
our current convoy falls somewhere between a “local bus” and a “chicken bus”, inasmuch as there are a few hundred kilos of rice and fruit lining the aisles, and no toilets, but it does have air-conditioning. still i am beginning to desperately wish we’d shelled out for a plane ticket.
when we boarded the bus, nearly 24 long hours ago, i knew it would be trying, but it didn’t seem too bad. they piled all the luggage into the back rows of seats because the holds were already full (of contraband imports, to be sure), but there were still rice sacks to load so they formed impromptu aisle seating for extra locals. we waited an extra hour for a few more locals and all their accompanying luggage (also piled in the aisles). a family of five squeezed into two paid seats. the tall guy behind me protested when i tried to recline my seat. the lady in front protested when j’s knees impeded her recline. it started to pour, so the windows were shut and it because close and steamy. i was starting to feel uncomfortably claustrophobic and we hadn’t even left the car park yet. ten minutes after we finally got underway, they turned off the overhead lights – so much for finishing my book. i napped a bit and we stopped off for a few pissing-in-the-ditch breaks (never straying far from the road, in case of landmines), but we seemed to be making good time.
six hours in, however, shortly after midnight, we stopped at a roadside cafe. and that’s when j suddenly recalled that this particular route entails a six hour layover. so after a plate of noodles, the cafe closed up shop and the restauranteur family gave the driver a place to sleep and went to bed. leaving the rest of us with no choice but to pile back into the cramped, hot bus to try to sleep. we sweated and stirred and sighed – sleep was impossible. many abandoned the bus and spent the evening sitting in the cooler air outside. mosquitoes were rampant. i’ve never been so intensely, annoyingly uncomfortable.
but light finally arrived on the horizon, and two hours later we arrived at the border controls, first in the queue. only there was no queue, only a teeming mass of swarming locals shoving passports and bribes in the faces of the officials and a bunch of bewildered foreigners getting trampled in the stampede happening at the window. stamping our departures, then, understandably took quite a while, what with the piles of scattered passports and money, people constantly breaking into the office to try to personally plead with the immigration officer, etc. etc. etc.
and then we had to enter vietnam – vietnamese immigration a model of efficient communist bureacracy, if ever there was one. it took them two and a half hours to shake us down for a few u.s. dollars and stamp our pre-arranged pre-paid visas, while we helplessly watched them suffle the small red and blue books from one pile into another, take a coffee break, scan them on the new passport scanner, curiously examine all our other stamps and visas, take a call on their mobile phone, take care of dozens of local passports, flip through ours again, put them aside – all in time-warp super-slow-motion, before finally extorting another 30,000 dong to hand them over.
our passports moved less than 10 feet during the entire two and a half hours. it took supreme feats of self-control not to start screaming.
back on the bus, it seemed that was the worst of it. yet the trip continues to drag on, twelve hours hence. at lunchtime the sin read “hanoi – 350 km”. at a second lunch break the sign read “hanoi – 150 km”. the bus broke down and was fixed. i engaed in tug-of-war with the lady in front of me over control of my window curtain. i got gum on my ass. my ipod battery died.
it’s now been 24 hours and 13 minutes (12 hours driving, 6 hours “sleeping”, 3 hours immigrating, 3 hours eating) with no end in sight.
i’ll let you know if we make it there alive.
laos, vietnam | Comments (3)
lights out in vang vieng
the electricity is out here this morning in the l.ittle town of vang vieng – though “town” may be too grandiose a term. vang vieng is really just a glorified dirt road with a few guesthouses thrown up around it. but that dirt road just happens to be situated next to some spectacular scenery and a placid little river, so the main attraction here is outdoorsy-type stuff like kayaking/caving/tubing (which we did yesterday). i know i’ve mentioned how poor laos is, but until you realise how fickle something as basic as electricity is, and how little difference it actually makes in the day-to-day quality of life, it doesn’t really hit home.
for all intents and purposes this morning, nothing has changed. we woke up drenched in sweat because the fans were off, but otherwise, probably wouldn’t have noticed. all transactions are still cash and paper only – there’s no electronic banking in these parts. refrigeration is pretty much limited to beer and yohgurt anyway – meat, eggs, butter are stored at room temp under a cloth. most activity is limited to daylight hours – there’s not a whole lot to do in vang vieng after dark, and most backpackers just get stoned on opium shakes and watch the incessant “friend’s” repeats shown in the cafes. (aside: given the number of times we’ve been offered opium and cocaine here, i think it’s safe to say that the “golden triangle” is still doing a brisk business.)
it is, however, entirely conceivable that the town somehow blew a transformer somewhere while the whole population was simultaneously watching the opening match of the world cup last night. i’m still astounded that the biggest sporting event in the world goes nearly unnoticed in the u.s. meanwhile, the rest of the planet is in the grip of football fever, and little laos is no exception – the entirety of vang vieng was huddled around their tellies until 1am watching germany v. costa rica. being in such a rural area which is so passionate about their footie really makes me appreciate what an incredible phenomenon this globally unifying sport is. and makes it all the more unbelievable that almost no one in america either knows or cares. still, i will be watching and cheering on a strong u.s team, from wherever we are.
so while we’re laying here praying for the fans to come back on, the rest of vang vieng is just desperate to get the juice back in time for tonight’s match. and that speaks volumes about both the country and the sport.
laos | Comments Off
a little laotian lesson
i’m not generally much of a history buff – it usually goes in one ear and out the other – but the little i’ve read about laotian history is both fascinating and profoundly sad. i’m borrowing heavily from the guidebook here, but the secret u.s. war in laos during the vietnam era was so incredibly devastating, and so little known. from 1964-1973, the u.s. flew an average of 177 planes per day, carrying payloads of more than 2 million tonnes of bombs, making laos the most heavily bombed country per capita in the history of warfare. not to mention the unknown number of landmines still remaining buried all over the country, creating untold victims every year. all this was of course, strategy by the u.s. to prevent the so called “domino effect” of communism. then several decades of puppet governments and manipulation of the ethnic minority population by the c.i.a. as guerrilla soldiers served to wreak further devastation. even years later, the ecomony is a joke (50 pounds sterling will get you almost a million kip) and all the lao educated classes have long since fled (amounting to almost 10% of the population).
and in the end, vietnam was lost and laos became a socialist state anyway. how bitterly ironic. read more about laos on the “where we are now” page.
laos | Comments (2)
the ghosts of luang prabang
Tuesday, June 6th, 2006
we’re in luang prabang, laos – a surprisingly beautiful and elegant little town which has been preserved in the style of crumbling french provincial. elements of former colonial grandeur are still in evidence nearly everywhere – from the sweeping cobblestone streets to the carved balconies overlooking the river. inky black coffee thick enough to coat a spoon and croissant are de rigeur. lingering traces of opulence combine with lush exotica to produce a heady mix. dozens of golden wats stud the skyline while camellia and hibiscus blossoms litter the pavement. rice cakes are set in the sun on bamboo screens to dry while men congregate over games of boules. the ghost of laos royalty wander the quiet alleyways at night and whisper through the palms during the day. these were the boulevards of kings, not so long ago. and luang prabang carries itself with a dignity which lets you know they have not forgotten.
file under: pet peeve
ugh – those linen “fisherman pants” that backpackers seem to love. they make the wearer look like they’re walking around with a load in their undies.
laos, random notes from the edge | Comments (1)
feverish night
Monday, June 5th, 2006
j’s been sick since we hit luang prabang – fever, chills, nausea, aches. which only becomes worrisome when you remember the guidebook saying “healthcare in laos is so poor as to be virtually non-existant” and recommending that for anything more serious than a stomach bug, you immediately hop the next flight to bangkok for medical attention.
you never think about it until your imagination starts wondering if this could be something more serious. thankfully we have the resources to *get* on the next plane, if need be. but it gives a concerned wife a sleepless night, until the next morning she finds the fever has broken, thank god.
the slow boat
Sunday, June 4th, 2006
it’s the second day of our slow boat trip down the mekong river, from chiang khong, thailand to luang prabang, laos. the river is strangely hypnotic, with it’s thick muddy whorls and eddies, its cragged shores. its size belies the power that lies just beneath the surface. even as we motor along, it pulls at us, tugging us towards the jagged rocks. fishermen in long-tail boats cast their nets. children run alongside at the banks, waving to us as we float by. women bathe neck deep. small scattered huts hint at the lives clustered close to shore. the mekong is a natural infrastructure where unpaved land and “unexploded ordnances” are a part of everyday life. the mekong *is* life, in these parts.
we stopped overnight in pak beng, a tiny smidge of a village with nothing much more than a few hasty guesthouses. people bathe at the side of the road, chickens run rampant, and the electricity only comes on between 6 and 11 pm. (”lights out” is fairly common in much of impoverished laos, where electricity is luxury.) after finding a room for the evening, we walked out to find some dinner, and somehow stumbled into a local wedding reception, where we were plied with homemade moonshine and 50 cent blaring from the stereo.
muzzy headed this morning, we’ve fortified ourselves with bottles of orangeade and baguette sandwiches, and settle into the narrow wooden benches for another eight hours. time drifts. the river drifts. we float along, pulling in at random bends and banks to let locals on or off. we take on a cargo of several hundred kilos of rice. we sleep and we eat, and we watch the river and river life. we pass through rainy patches and alternate scorching streaming sun. we gaze at the unending hils of jungle and landmines which rise up on all sides, surrounding us with heavy air and the buzz of insects so loud they pierce the drone of the motor.
the slow boat is uncomfortable and long and , true to name, slow. but it’s an essential part of the bonding process. to understand life in laos, you must understand the mekong. appreciating that is something which cannot be rushed. photos here.
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France international rated only 50/50 for West Brom game as trio miss out
#487217421 / gettyimages.com
Bacary Sagna could miss Arsenal's final home game of the season with a knee injury according to the Daily Mirror.
The right back is rated as 50/50 for the visit of West Brom on Sunday.
Sagna, who is out of contract in the summer, has a swollen knee.
Also set to miss the Gunners penultimate Premier League game of the season are Jack Wilshere, Kieran Gibbs and Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain.
Arsene Wenger told Arsenal.com:
"Gibbs will be a bit short for Sunday. The good news is that he’s back in fitness training but he is not back in the full training group yet.
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Labels: Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, Arsenal, Bacary Sagna, Injury news, Jack Wilshere, Kieran Gibbs, Premier League, West Brom
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2014 Porsche 918 Hybrid Spyder unveiled
Posted by Rod Cleaver
Porsche has finally taken the wraps off its long teased Hybrid Electric at a Global unveiling at the 2013 Frankfurt Auto Show.
Although we had attended a private showing of the production car earlier in the year we had been sworn to secrecy and not permitted to take photos, till today.
The 918 Spyder is fitted with a 4.6-litre combustion V8 that produces 608HP at 9150 RPM. Additional horsepower comes from a pair of electric motors each assigned to one of the two axles which add 279HP for a total of 887HP and 944 lb-ft of torque.All that power yields 0-100 km/hr time of 2.8 seconds and a reported top speed of 344 km/hr.
The 918’s carbon-fibre passenger cell is bolted to another carbon-fibre frame in the rear, which houses the engine, lithium-ion battery and transmission. Major service requires literally splitting the car in two. The carbon-fibre roof comes off in two pieces and stores in the front “trunk”.
Five driving modes adjust transmission shift points, the speed of the shift and throttle response. The modes also adjust the interaction between the gas and electric systems. The E Power (full electric) mode functions up to 150 km/h and for up to 25 km at a slower speed. Hybrid mode, Sport Hybrid and Race Hybrid tweak performance. Hot Lap mode brings all the 918’s power to bear from the equivalent of one lap of the Nürburgring, according to Porsche. Regeneration is all but abandoned and the systems all switch to boosting the drive systems. On the day the car was officially launched Porsche released details of a record setting Nürburgring Nordschleife lap in the 918. The new sports coupe clocked a time of 6 minutes, 57 seconds. The previous record set my a road car was above 7 minutes.
An electrically powered four-wheel steering system pairs with active aerodynamics to aid the Porsche 918’s handling.
All that performance comes at a price, expect the 918 to begin deliveries in December of 2103 and will be sold as a 2104 model. Sticker shock may result from the US $845,000 asking price. Only 918 units will be made over 2 years.
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Scots reported to be bidding for XFM stations
THE former boss of Radio Forth was yesterday being tight-lipped about reports that he is part of a consortium preparing a bid – to be in by midday today – to buy XFM Scotland, along with its sister XFM stations in Manchester and South Wales.
Adam Findlay said he was unable to comment on widespread reports that he is working alongside Scottish PR executive, Gordon Beattie, to buy the three stations from owners, GCap Media, which is threatening to hand the licences back to broadcasting regulators, Ofcom, if they can’t be sold by the end of next month.
He told allmediascotland.com: “I am sorry, but it has to be a ‘no comment’ at the moment.”
But Beattie was quoted in The Guardian saying: “The Manchester station has a potential audience of five million and the Scottish station spans the Central Belt. We believe the Scottish station is breaking even at the moment but the Manchester station is haemorrhaging cash.
“We believe by changing the format of the stations we can quickly turn them around by boosting the audience and growing the advertising revenue. A big focus would be on the internet.”
The consortium is expected to face competition from Global Radio – relatively recent purchasers of Chrysalis – led by former ITV boss, Scot, Charles Allen.
By Administrator · February 28, 2008 · Comments Off
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Chris Tindal
Here is a blog. Perhaps you would like to read it.
What can Elizabeth May be thinking?
August 29, 2006 economy, foreign affairs, tradeChris Tindal
Lots of positive press today, and one negative piece from the Globe
and Mail. My letter to the editor follows.
What, you ask, can Elizabeth May be thinking? Good question. Perhaps she’s thinking about the full, true cost of NAFTA (environmental, social, labour rights) and not just the cold financial numbers. Perhaps she’s thinking about the fact that when a trade agreement isn’t being respected, then it’s not worth the dead tree it’s written on. Perhaps she’s thinking that no trade agreement should allow a foreign company to put its profits before the health of Canadians.
Or maybe she’s thinking about taking a principled position instead of just saying what polls and focus groups tell her to. But I’m just guessing, of course.
Former Candidate, Green Party of Canada (Toronto Centre)
← May, Oui! Letters to the Editor →
One thought on “What can Elizabeth May be thinking?”
Cameron W says:
From the G&M article, “…The danger is that Ms. May, former executive director of the Sierra Club of Canada, will adopt positions that are too extreme, diverting attention from such crucial issues as air and water quality…”
Ha! Elizabeth May was elected as our leader and she is the spokesperson for the party. The Greens are not centralized; it’s the members that direct the party. The leader is simply the spokesperson.
To imply that Elizabeth May could or would ‘adopt positions that are too extreme’ is to show that the author of this article is trying to create the tension that any good op/ed piece needs in order to be well read. It got my attention… but it’s not based in reality. We’re actually all a big team here and we’re all on the same page.
Having a platform that covers all issues doesn’t divert attention away from environmental issues as the author suggests. The Green Party has a platform that covers all issues and as we can all see it’s now getting the attention it deserves.
Go E go!!!
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SF90 Spider: Beyond Imagination
The spider version of Maranello’s most powerful production supercar makes its debut
The SF90 Spider unveiled during a dedicated digital event
The first plug-in hybrid with retractable hard top in the Ferrari range is set to deliver unparalleled en plein air exhilaration
United Arab Emirates - November 15, 2020: The spider version of the SF90 Stradale, the SF90 Spider, was unveiled today during a dedicated digital event. Not only is the car the Prancing Horse’s first production plug-in hybrid spider, but the SF90 Spider also sets new benchmarks for performance, innovation and the thrill of driving, not only for the marque’s range, but for the entire sports car sector.
The new convertible has the same extreme supercar specification and record-breaking performance as the SF90 Stradale, yet also adds further excitement and versatility to the mix, thanks to latest iteration of Ferrari’s signature Retractable Hard Top architecture which first debuted on a mid-rear engined berlinetta in 2011. The SF90 Spider thus represents a fundamental revision of the supercar concept that makes it the ideal car for owners that demand the very pinnacle of Ferrari technology, but still want to experience the joy of open-top driving.
The SF90 Spider’s plug-in hybrid system guarantees performance levels unmatched by any other production spider: the car’s 780 cv turbo-charged V8 is augmented by three electric motors, one at the rear and two on the front axle, bringing its maximum power output to a staggering 1,000 cv. This state-of-the-art system does not complicate the driving experience in any way as a sophisticated control logic autonomously monitors and adjust power flows to suit the conditions of use. All the driver has to do is to select one of the power unit modes (eDrive, Hybrid, Performance and Qualify) on the brand-new eManettino for a wonderfully exhilarating experience behind the wheel. Like the SF90 Stradale, the SF90 Spider also has AWD, which has raised the bar for standing starts to unparalleled new speeds: 0-100 km/h in 2.5 s and 0-200 km/h in 7.0 s.
The mechanical layout adopted by the Maranello engineers has allowed them to further advance the car’s dynamic control system. The latter, now referred to as the eSSC, verifies the car’s dynamic status in real time. Based on that information, it controls vehicle stability by delivering torque independently via the front electric engines to the inside and outside wheel (Torque Vectoring), significantly improving traction coming out of corners and making it much simpler and more intuitive to drive on the limit with confidence.
From an aerodynamic perspective, the result of the development process is an extreme design which, with a maximum of 390 kg of downforce at 250 km/h, sets the absolute benchmark in terms of both downforce and aerodynamic efficiency for the road cars in the range without aerodynamic appendages. The many innovative, patented solutions adopted include most notably the shut-off Gurney, an active system at the rear of the car which adapts to driving conditions, and the forged wheels with wing profiles which recall Ferrari’s F1-derived blown geometry.
The starting point for the SF90 Spider design was to ensure it remained as faithful as possible to the SF90 Stradale’s signature styling. The Ferrari Styling Centre’s meticulous crafting of the tonneau area has integrated it seamlessly with the rest of the car, an achievement that is even more astonishing because the V8 is still clearly visible through the engine bay cover despite the inclusion of the RHT stowage. The V8 thus remains the star of the show and very much on display whether the RHT is deployed or retracted.
The track-derived “eyes on the road, hands on the steering wheel” philosophy, which drove the ergonomics and styling of the interior, has produced an innovative new HMI concept that includes a new steering wheel with a touchpad that allows drivers to control virtually every aspect of the car without moving their hands. The central instrument cluster is now entirely digital with a 16” curved HD screen, which can be fully configured and controlled using the controls on the steering wheel. On the central tunnel, the automatic gearbox controls are now actioned by a grille-style feature that references Ferrari’s glorious and iconic manual gearshift gate.
Like all Prancing Horse spiders, the SF90 Spider sports a retractable hard top, which guarantees optimal noise insulation and protection from the elements when deployed, does not deform at high speeds and provides exceptional occupant space and comfort. The RHT is so compact, simple and light, it can be actioned in just 14 seconds and can be deployed when the car is on the move. The key to the success of the Ferrari RHT is that it takes up just 100 litres of space rather than the 150-200 litres required by a traditional system. The use of aluminium in its construction also means that it is around 40 kg lighter than a conventional retractable hard top. An adjustable electric rear window guarantees superb occupant comfort even at high speeds when the RHT is lowered.
As is the case with the SF90 Stradale, the SF90 Spider is also available with a dedicated specification for owners that want to push its track car vocation to the extreme. The Assetto Fiorano includes a list of exclusive upgrades that set it apart from the standard car, not least Multimatic shock absorbers derived from the Prancing Horse’s GT racing experience and optimised for track use. Others include the adoption of high performance materials (such as carbon-fibre and titanium) that have shaved 21 kg off the car’s weight, a carbon-fibre rear spoiler and road-homologated Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 tyres designed to improve track performance in the dry, thanks to a softer compound and fewer grooves. Lastly, the Assetto Fiorano offers an optional two-tone livery that further underscores the car’s racing vocation.
7-YEARS MAINTENANCE
Ferrari’s unparalleled quality standards and increasing focus on client service underpin the extended seven-year maintenance programme offered with the SF90 Spider. Available across the entire range, the programme covers all regular maintenance for the first seven years of the car’s life.
This scheduled maintenance programme for Ferraris is an exclusive service that allows clients the certainty that their car is being kept at peak performance and safety over the years. This very special service is also available to owners of pre-owned Ferraris.
Regular maintenance (at intervals of either 20,000 km or once a year with no mileage restrictions), original spares and meticulous checks by staff trained directly at the Ferrari Training Centre in Maranello using the most modern diagnostic tools are just some of the advantages of the Genuine Maintenance Programme. The service is available on all markets worldwide and from all Dealerships on the Official Dealership Network.
The Genuine Maintenance Programme further extends the wide range of after-sales services offered by Ferrari to meet the needs of clients wishing to preserve the performance and excellence that are the signatures of all cars built in Maranello.
Posted on : Sunday, November 15, 2020 10:03:00 AM UAE local time (GMT+4)
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Mandi (D)
Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding violation of environmental norms by stone crushers, Banala village, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 02/11/2020
<p>Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of Ashish Shaunik Vs State of Himachal Pradesh & Others dated 02/11/2020.</p><a href="http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/stone-crushers-Banala-NGT-order.pdf"
Stone Industry
Pine monocultures make way for biodiversity
Fifteen years ago the hillside of Karsog Tehsil in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh was covered with pine mono cultures. The officials of the forest department preferred pine as it is not eaten by cattle, grows quickly after a fire, is hardy, requires minimum effort and had a good survival rate.
People in Conservation
Tree Biodiversity
Mandi records in Haryana to go online
Chandigarh: The state mandis will now be connected with Internet services provided at all centres. The Government has planned its computerisation project in such a way that the prices of agro-commodities would now be available online. The farmers would be educated and trained to use the new facilities.
Indian Express (Chandigarh)
Himachal farmers take to sericulture
Vikas Sharma / Chandigarh October 20, 2008, 0:25 IST
Bilaspur (D)
Hamirpur (D)
Shimla (D)
Una (D)
NREGA dues not released
The Rural Workers Association (RWA) and the district administration here are on a collision course over the non-payment of wages to workers, unemployment allowance to those eligible and non-availability of work for 1,500 job card holders under the NREGA in Khalwahan, Khani, Thata and Bung panchayats in the district. RWA convener Lawan Thakur and president Sant Ram met the district NREGA coordinator here today. They said they had brought these issues to the notice of the administration several times, but no action had been initiated to give relief to the rural workers so far.
Anti-Poverty Programmes
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)
The killing waters
No one cares as rivers turn toxic
Toxicity Studies
Jalandhar (D)
Ludhiana (D)
Himachal villagers resist pine monoculture, reclaim forests for fodder
Some 15 years ago, pine-covered hillsides were the typical images of Karsog in Himachal Pradesh's Mandi district. But pine provided little fodder for cattle. People in its villages preferred
A Green blow to hydel projects in Himachal
Mandi, September 2 Power producers and the Himachal government are planning to contest the recommendations of the Shukla Committee before the High Court.
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA)
Ecologists gun for Raid de Himalayas
Mandi: The high-profile Raid-de-Himalayas motor sport rally that reached today at Keylong in snowbound Lahaul-Spiti raised the ire of environmentalists, farmers and tribal writers.
<font class="UCASE"><b>goa town planning minister resigns:</b></font> Embroiled in a controversy over the Goa State Regional Plan 2011, the state's town and country planning minister, Atanasio Monserrate, resigned from the cabinet on January 3, 2006. In less than a week, the Goa chief minister, Pratapsinh Rane, sworn in BJP legisator Manohar Azgaokar in his place. Rane described the resignation as a decision "taken in haste'. But Monserrate blamed his party colleagues for his resignation, as they did not back him in the controversy surrounding the regional plan.
Mandi (T)
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Carole E. Newlands, Statius, Poet between Rome and Naples. Classical literature and society. London: Bristol Classical Press, 2012. Pp. ix, 214. ISBN 9781780932132. $12.99 (pb).
Reviewed by Giulia Brunetta, Royal Holloway (giulia.brunetta.2009@live.rhul.ac.uk)
Version at BMCR home site
[Authors and titles are listed at the end of the review]
This new monograph on Statius by C. Newlands follows her previous book, "Statius' Silvae and the poetics of empire", but represents a decisive step forward in the appreciation of different aspects of the poetry of Statius and his reception. Readers should not be misled by the title, which refers to the last chapter of the book: the whole comprises different discussions of Statius' epic works and the Silvae.
In the introduction, Newlands places Statius in the particular historical moment of the Flavian dynasty, and emphasizes the elements of tension and distress that the epic works of the Achilleid and Thebaid raise in such a troubled period of the Roman empire. Moreover, the introduction focusses on more interesting aspects of the poetic personality of Statius, such as his cosmopolitanism (being a Roman and Neapolitan poet), and his identity as auctor and his reception as such, especially in the Middle Ages. Finally, Newlands explains how these themes will feature in the following four chapters.
Chapter 2, 'Misconceptions about Statius' represents a crucial part of the volume with regard to the author's ideological approach to Statius, as Newlands reasserts part of the negative critique of the Flavian poet developed in the past decades. Her argument starts from questioning Domitian's direct patronage of Statius, giving evidence of the paucity of references to direct commissions from the imperial court (with the exception of Silv.. 1.1, 4.2 and 4.3). She rightly observes the unnecessary dichotomy that traditionally divided scholars when approaching Statius' encomiastic strategy, suggesting either passive flattery or subtly hidden subversion of the power of the court. However, it is interesting and also quite surprising to notice that Newlands does not make any reference to her earlier alignment with the subversive line of interpretation of the Silvae. (supported mainly by Frederick Ahl) that so much featured in her previous monograph on the collection. Despite some occasional persistence of her old view in the book, the more balanced position towards the encomiastic strategy of Statius is in fact in line with the general trend of most scholarship on the Flavian poet. According to the general view embraced here also by Newlands, the dialogue between court poets and political power is more complex than it might seem at a first reading, and the ambiguity of encomiastic language reflects the complex dynamics of literary production in the imperial age. Newlands pinpoints the main features of Statius' language of praise and remarks (with examples) how 'figured speech', emphasis and ecphrasis play a particularly important role, especially in contexts of praise of the emperor. Newlands attempts in particular to prove Statius' involvement with his addressees and to highlight the dialogue he creates with patrons and friends. She expands this argument to Statius' relation to contemporary authors such as Martial, Silius Italicus and Valerius Flaccus. Even if the possible interrelations, quotations and borrowings among the poets are a difficult point to demonstrate, the analysis of the figure of Hypsipyle in Valerius Flaccus and in the Thebaid reveals the complex and new interpretation of epic voices in the post-Augustan era.
Chapter 3, 'Boundaries', approaches the theme of both physical and metaphorical boundaries and limits, and discusses how Statius' poetry (epic and occasional) hovers between balance and transgression. The theme of limes however allows the author to interpret the famous passage in the recusatio proem of the Thebaid as a refusal to write epics about contemporary imperial subjects. In this sense, Newlands interprets Domitian's predicted deification as a 'cosmic disruption' (pp. 49-50). The negative reading, which follows, of the comparison between Domitian and Phaethon as charioteer in the sky raises some questions, since positive interpretations of this particular image have recently been convincing (Dewar already on the famous passage from Lucan, and Rosati on the Thebaid, as also quoted by Newlands). Moreover, I would add that in Silv. 4.3, 135-138, a hint at the episode of Phaethon is included in the encomium of Domitian, therefore making this image quite a familiar comparison for the emperor. One last remark needs to be made about Domitian's 'competition' with Jupiter for a place in the sky, which Newlands interprets unnecessarily in a negative way. The comparison of the earthly ruler with the heavenly one (and often the former's superiority) is traditional in imperial encomia. The analysis of water as a geographical and ideological boundary in the Thebaid is followed by a discussion of the geographical spaces that in the Achilleid represent the scenario of Achilles' growth and education. The last part of the chapter is dedicated to the analysis of ecphrasis as a constitutive narratological element of Statius' poetry. Newlands gives due consideration to Statius' particular attention to the use of ecphrasis with a specific example, the patera appearing in the first book of the Thebaid, interestingly analysed in its proleptic function of displaying the horrors and distress of war. However, Newlands possibly goes a little too far in applying the same negative connotations of Medusa, as displayed on the cup, to her presence on Domitian's equestrian statue in Silv. 1.1 as "a sign of the potential for transgression and violence at the heart of any great imperial power" (p. 84).
In chapter 4, entitled 'Statius Auctor', Newlands discusses the fortune of Statius during the Middle Ages, when the Thebaid and the Achilleid featured as key-texts in school education. She goes back to the mixed representation of Achilles as a liminal figure of change and gender ambiguity. Starting from Statius' flattering elevation of his own father over Achilles' first educator Chiron, Newlands argues that the complex and troubled heroic model developed in the epic poems represents a novelty in contemporary theory of education. More interestingly, the author uncovers how in the reception of the model of Achilles in the Middle Ages, this element of originality is dropped, in favour of a more traditional masculine model.
In chapter 5, called 'The double grief of Jocasta', the theme discussed is the display of lamentation in public and private contexts in the Thebaid and in the Silvae respectively. Once again Newlands unveils the elements of originality in how the poet gives space to female voices such as Ide, Hypsipyle and Jocasta, in moments of grief, and the possible instability caused by female lamentations. The following comparison with male grief in the Silvae aims at comparing public and private manifestations of sorrow: if in the Thebaid there seems to be no space for consolation or closure, in the Silvae instead the lavish display of grief is permitted and celebrated, as for example in Silv. 2.1. Perhaps Newlands underestimates the political (and therefore public) impact of Silv.5.1 in her distinction between public and private in the Thebaid and the Silvae. In this section Newlands has undoubtedly the merit of offering an intratextual analysis of grief in the Thebaid and in the Silvae, which too often are read as separate texts. The last part of the chapter deals with three examples of the reception of the Thebaid in the Latin and Vernacular tradition: the Cambridge songs, the Vita Aeduardi and Chaucer's epic poem Troilus and Criseyde . In analyzing the influence of Statius's text upon these later works, Newlands privileges the element of female voices as relevant in a time when female patronage and readership was valued. This last section of chapter 5 reveals a less-known aspect of the reception of the Thebaid: it certainly invites to further reading and represents a strong feature of the volume.
In the final chapter "Between Naples and Rome" which gives its title to the book, Newlands examines more in detail Silv. 3.5 and the celebration of Naples, in particular as an alternative living location to Rome. In this sense, the author marks the difference with the Augustan poets, where the praise of the native region is counterbalanced by the attractions of the capital. Newlands' focus on the virtues of Naples fits nicely with recent discussions on the 'double soul of Statius' as a fusion of Roman and Neapolitan identity.1 She carefully analyses the influences of Ovid, Virgil and Horace in modeling the lively portrait of Naples made by Statius. A closer attention to intertextual elements makes this section more convincing and detailed. On the other hand, Newlands avoids going too much into the analysis of a traditional topic of discussions of the, Silvae, i.e. the philosophical power of the villa and the redemption of luxury, as opposed to the conservative view of Seneca's Letters. The Statian creation of an idealized fusion of morality and modernity in its portrait of Naples and its citizens might still sound antipathetic to modern readers. However, in this sense it would have been beneficial to make clear that such idealization is part of the encomiastic strategy developed in the Silvae.
The book ends with the notes, bibliography, index locorum and general index.
Overall, this book covers different aspect of Statius' poetry, and has the merit of bringing together in one volume discussions of both the epic poems as well as the Silvae. This work offers a fresh and balanced view of more traditional topics of discussion such as the role of Statius as a court-poet and the new values promoted in the ecphrastic poems. At the same time, the examination of the reception of Statius and the Thebaid in the Middle Ages represents a step forward in the appreciation of a poet who too often has been overshadowed by other Classical authors.
The number of passages quoted in the original is limited, suggesting that the book is aimed at the general reader rather than classics specialists exclusively. In conclusion, this volume does justice to Statius the author both among his contemporaries and later followers and critics, and offers a more balanced appreciation of Statius' complex literary dynamics.
2. Misconceptions about Statius
3. Boundaries
4. Statius Auctor
5. 'The Double Grief of Jocasta'
6. Between Rome and Naples
1. G. Rosati 2011, I tria corda di Stazio, poeta Greco, Romano e Napoletano, in A. Bonadeo, A. Canobbio and F. Gasti (Eds), Filellenismo e Identità Romana in Età Flavia (Pavia: Collegio Ghisleri), 15-34.
(read complete article)
Denis Searby, Ewa Balicka Witakowska, Johan Heldt, ΔΩΡΟΝ ΡΟΔΟΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΝ: Studies in Honour of Jan Olof Rosenqvist. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Studia Byzantina Upsaliensia, 12. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet, 2012. Pp. 239. ISBN 9789155481070.
Reviewed by Florin Leonte, Central European University, Budapest (mphlef01@ceu-budapest.edu)
This volume includes eighteen essays in English, French, and Italian, which were presented to Jan Olof Rosenqvist in gratitude for his many years in service to the field of Byzantine Studies. The papers cover a wide range of topics: hagiography, the history of literary genres, art history, and linguistics. The volume also highlights the importance of Professor Rosenqvist's research on Byzantine literature in general, and on saints' lives in particular. A comprehensive list of the dedicatee's publications precedes the papers. Each chapter is followed by an extensive bibliography.
Understandably, most articles deal with hagiography. In her study of the Life of St. Domnika, C. Amadou defends the importance of a text about which little is known. This vita offers evidence for changes in attitudes toward magical practices and reveals the hagiographer's efforts to draw a line between true miracles and satanic magic. P.A. Bodin discusses several cases of canonization in modern Russia, which, he argues, represent an important culture-generating phenomenon. Such canonizations have a twofold purpose: to serve the Russian Church in maintaining the memory of and settling accounts with the Soviet harassment of Christians, and to reinforce patriotic sentiment in post-communist Russia. S. Constantinou discusses The Life of Mary of Antioch, a text which differs from other Byzantine writings on holy women: a major element of hagiographical narratives, the detailed presentation of the saint's asceticism, is absent from the Life of Mary. The author argues that the uniqueness of this text can be explained by looking at its lay audience. With this vita, the hagiographer sought to provide guidance for the conduct and aspirations of lay people and not those of a monastic audience as is the case with most hagiographical works. V. Déroche looks into late antique epiphany, focusing on collections of the miracles of Cosmas and Damian and of Artemios. He concludes that late antique miracle collections conceive of divinity as a ubiquitous presence in the world. In this sense, such texts seem related to the ancient pagan writings, a continuity which is more visible than in the western world. The symbolic world of hagiography is explored by S. Efthymiadis on the basis of Leontios of Neapolis' Life of St. Symeon the Holy Fool. The author examines an episode involving Symeon's appearance in a sick person's dream where he is playing dice with Death. In the story, Symeon makes the perfect throw and persuades the person to stop sinning. This image of Death playing dice is unique for the Byzantine world. However, as noted, in the Christian West the representation of encounters between men and Death involve the game of chess. Two cases are further analyzed: a fifteenth-century mural by Albertus Pictor and a chess-game scene in Ingmar Bergman's movie The Seventh Seal. While there are similarities between Leontios' account and the western ones, it is also clear that the two different games (dice and chess) have deeper symbolical implications: if in the West chess stands for one's pursuit of rational knowledge, in the Byzantine East tyche (represented by dice) controls everyone's life.
D. Searby begins with a discussion of the meanings of encyclopedism. While taking into consideration previous definitions, Searby argues that texts that have been classified as "spiritual florilegia" display several encyclopedic traits. He explores the florilegia derived from John of Damascus' Sacra Parallela and focuses on the anthologies that are dependent on a text of pseudo-Maximus the Confessor, the Life of Cyril Phileotes. This hagiographical text is particularly interesting in that some of its chapters resemble a florilegium with the narrative reduced to a minimum. Searby argues that a pure florilegium is a "compilation of excerpts from other works in which the author's role is reduced to selection and arrangement." Finally, the meaning of encyclopedism is connected with enkyklios paideia and in this sense, he argues, we can regard florilegia as encyclopedic. A.-M. Talbot offers a translation of a brief vita written by Philotheos Kokkinos, Patriarch of Constantinople in the mid fourteenth century. Kokkinos was known for his lengthy hagiographical texts, but this one, The Life of St. Nikodemos, is unusually short. Nikodemos lived in Thessalonike in the early fourteenth century. Even though he joined the Philokales Monastery, he played the holy fool by living with prostitutes. In 1307, he was killed by some citizens of Thessalonike. Kokkinos' Life, which promotes the cult of Nikodemos, focuses on his saintly deeds, death, and miracles. S. Wahlgren tries to illustrate several principles of New Philology. He underlines the need to use manuscripts for more purposes than simply to reconstruct a text's original shape. If Western medieval texts have benefited from New Philology, Byzantinists are only now beginning to take advantage of this approach. Wahlgren looks into the manuscripts of the Chronicle of Symeon the Logothete and tries to measure the extent to which we can trace intentional change in the Logothete tradition. He concludes that we should take an interest in manuscripts as entities rather than just extracting from them the text for a critical edition. D. Westberg follows in the footsteps of J. O. Rosenqvist who, in his doctoral dissertation, analyzed the syntax of the Life of Theodore Sykeon by Georgios of Sykeon (seventh century). Westberg looks into the text's literary strategies and studies the particular symbolism involved in the distinction between civilization and wilderness. The author notices that, contrary to other scholars who highlighted the text's rhetorical deficiencies, this is certainly a "literary text." Furthermore, Westberg argues that in the vita Theodore is acting in the guise of a mediator not only between God and men, but between the ordered world and the wild.
Several studies deal with other kinds of Byzantine texts. A. A. Longo examines the sources of Theodore Prodromos' tetrastichs dedicated to the biography of Basil the Great to celebrate the feast of the Three Hierarchs in the first year of Alexios Komnenos' reign. The author identifies several sources, above all the texts of Gregory of Nazianzos. D. Afinogenov discusses the sources of two passages in Theophanes' History: the naval battle of Phoenix (655) and the beginning of the Arab conquest of Syria and Palestine (approximately 675). Afinogenov makes a comparison with George the Monk to solve some of the riddles posed by Theophanes' compilation techniques. The author concludes that the sections of Theophanes' history dedicated to the Arab conquest and the reign of Constans used four major sources: a pamphlet, oriental chronicles, a homily by Anastasios of Sinai, and a treatise on the origins of Islam. J. Akujärvi explores the construction of the periegetic genre by comparing Pausanias' Periegesis, Dionysius Periegetes, and Eustathius' Commentary. She asks how texts can be read after they became isolated from their literary context and argues that, despite the scarcity of sources, a periegetic genre can still be reconstructed. Akujärvi concludes that the influence of other genres (geography, ethnography, etc.) emerging in the texts of ancient authors can be evaluated only when the text is understood within its primary periegetic genre. B. Bydén focuses on the criticism of Aristotle in the dialogue Florentius by Nikephoros Gregoras (ca. 1337). Bydén offers a brief overview of Byzantine Aristotelianism, which was strongly influenced by the late antique tradition of Aristotelian commentary from Porphyry onwards. The study deals with the dialogue's unconnected thoughts on natural philosophy which seem to belong to a unitary philosophical system. However, as the author suggests, there is no clear proof for such a system. Instead, the dialogue seems rather to deal with the "freedom and limitations inherent in radical epistemological pessimism." B. Dahlman discusses one of the most interesting collections of Apophthegmata patrum, the so-called Sabaitic collection, a text copied in 1071 at the monastery of St. Sabas, Palestine. This collection was created for a monastic audience, as indicated by its composite nature that makes it different from a pure collection of apophthegmata. This nature is reflected in the fact that along with the apophthegmata placed in alphabetical order by the names of the desert fathers or mothers, the Sabaitic collection also includes more extensive narratives and passages from other monastic texts (e.g. Moschos' Pratum Spirituale and Palladius' Historia Lausiaca). The comparison with other collections of apophthegmata indicates that the Sabaitic collection survived in five manuscripts. Dahlman also argues that several manuscripts transmitted a second stage in the textual tradition. Finally, it seems that the collection combines the tradition of the systematic collections with apophthegmata transmitted through older textual traditions. L.-M. Peltomaa analyzes a kontakion by Romanos Melodos that includes a portrayal of the wife of Potiphar from the Old Testament. This kontakion was composed to urge people to abstain from desires of the flesh so they can celebrate the Resurrection. The analysis reveals that Romanos deliberately employed this story in order to increase his listeners' appreciation of this female character, whom he lets shake the established political order. Arguably, Romanos alluded to historical events when writing this kontakion, for there is evidence that the female figure he created for the wife of Potiphar was credible in the eyes of his audience. J. Blomqvist explores the use of the particle πλήν, a linguistic detail which, arguably, illustrates a phenomenon typical of Biblical Greek. Evidence shows that in the New Testament πλήν was used with the same meaning as in the Old Testament. Moreover, this use of the particle πλήν cannot be found in extra-Biblical Greek. Thus, in Biblical contexts, πλήν appears to have an affirmative meaning, most probably borrowed by the translators from the Hebrew of the Old Testament.
Two studies are concerned with art-historical issues: E. Witakowska and W. Witakowski discuss the paintings in the church of Yemrehanna Krestos (Ethiopia). The analysis of the painting and the dedicatory inscriptions indicate that the donors were clergymen and most probably monks. One piece of evidence for that is the preference for monastic figures. Thus, we have St. Alexius who incorporates all monastic virtues, St. Kiros, a Coptic hermit-monk, St. Libanos and Takla. Furthermore, it appears that the donors were educated, with a good knowledge of Scripture, who commissioned the paintings and the inscriptions with the prayers as elements of a well thought-out project. B. Kiilerich analyzes the uses of chromatic effects by Byzantine artists. The study of sculpted images, mosaics, and painted objects in church interiors (e.g., the Lips Monastery) reveals that in their works artists made conscious use of polychromy and polymateriality. The composition of artistic objects indicates that they were elements of carefully planned, major artistic programs. This is indicated by the layout of the images which was created according to a system of proportions designed to generate an effect of harmony. The author argues that such harmonious proportions were meant to reflect God's order where the artistry of both the parts and the whole had to be equally rendered. That is why in Byzantium one will find a poikilia of materials and colors instead of monochromy.
It is not easy to do full justice to a book that includes many articles from such a wide range of topics. Noticeably, some of the contributions try to connect medieval phenomena to aspects of modern life. As with many edited collections, the contents might have been arranged differently. Perhaps a thematic or a chronological order would have been helpful. That minor issue aside, this is a valuable collection of essays and a worthy tribute to the research of Professor Rosenqvist.
Lucio Cristante, Luciano Lenaz, Martiani Capellae De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii. Vol. 1, Libri I - II. Bibliotheca Weidmanniana, 15.1. Hildesheim: Weidmann, 2011. Pp. xciv, 406. ISBN 9783615003918. €68.00 (pb).
Reviewed by Danuta Shanzer, Institut für Klassische Philologie, Mittel- und Neulatein, Universität Wien (danuta.shanzer@univie.ac.at)
This collaborative edition and commentary with an Italian translation of Martianus Capella's De Nuptiis 1-2 began in the 1990s with a translation of Books 1-2 by Lenaz with annotation for the general reader. A change of press followed that enabled it to be re-written at greater length with a different focus. Lenaz's notes on Books 1-2 formed the nucleus, but were updated and expanded by Cristante and his then doctoral advisee I. Filip (attributions on p. 94). The commentary on Book 2 is presented as a light revision of Lenaz's magisterial work of 1975 (with a nicer layout than the original).1 P. Ferrarino's "La prima, e l'unica, Reductio omnium artium ad philologiam, Il De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii di Marziano Capella e l'apoteosi della filologia"2 plus two unpublished membra disiecta of Ferrarino's on "Philosophy and Philology" and on the "Continuity of the Method" are (re)printed at the end. The volume is considered provisional, and there are plans for a web site of the text and commentary that will enable ongoing updates (ix). Since much of this material has been previously published, I will concentrate on the new material related to Book 1. A version of this review longer than fits the parameters of BMCR will appear in Wiener Studien.
This is neither a critical edition with apparatus, nor a "virtual edition" (where departures from a known standard text are noted in a negative apparatus), but a composite text furnished with a collation of Willis' and Dick's texts. The hitch: while departures can be clearly seen if one looks at the table on pp. lxxxvi-xciv, their ontological status is at first unclear. Both manuscript readings and conjectures are reduced to one level, and one cannot discern the authority behind, or nature of, any given reading without recourse to the notes.3 Sometimes even there the source of a conjecture is unclear.4
The text is deeply conservative. There are dark hints in the introduction (vii "interventi;" l "peggiori servizi") about excessively interventionist textual criticism, presumably a backlash against Willis (and perhaps myself). The editors do not feel that the paradosis is as hopeless as previous editors all the way back to Securus Melior Felix in late antiquity had suggested. (There are moments when one wonders whether "stato della tradizione" means essentially Dick's edition!)5 And they rarely saw an emendation they didn't dislike. Only occasionally is a reading of the archetype labeled "absurd."6 The authors at lxxxiii say that there is no reliable edition or acceptable translation, thinking presumably of Willis, Stahl-Johnson-Burge, and Ramelli.7 The latter, after being reviewed rather summarily in one journal,8 here suffers damnatio memoriae, banished even from the bibliography.9 There is likewise, we are reminded, no comprehensive commentary. While Books 1 and 2 have, it is true, not yet appeared, the authors do not mention the editions of other books (4, [Ferré, 2007] 7 [Guillaumin, 2003]); appearing in the Collection des Universités de France. The implication is clear: Martianus has been going to hell in a hand-basket since Kopp in 1836.
This reviewer cowers sheepishly as the author of a previous translation and commentary on Book 1 (1986).10 But Martianus is difficult, and times have changed. Digital resources have considerably simplified certain sorts of research. This review provides an opportunity to revisit and rethink Martianus more than two decades later. After all, Wissenschaft, as Max Weber rightly said, is the profession in which one's work is meant to be superseded, surpassed, and outdated.11 And we should thank the authors for trying to bring the bibliography on the text up-to-date12 and working new material into Lenaz's commentary on Book 2.13
The introduction touches on historical problems such as dating. It does not take account of Hays, B.G. "The Date and Identity of the Mythographer Fulgentius." JMLat 13 (2003): 163-252 for a new, and much later, dating of Fulgentius. The authors date Securus' subscription early (498) with Cameron, arguing (lix) that many decades would be needed before the text became mendosissimus, thereby presumably seeking to push back Martianus' date to earlier in the 5th C. Plausible sounding — but, from what one can observe in medieval traditions, where autograph and earliest witnesses are contemporary, not a "slam dunk." The issue is not intervening time, but the quality of the first copyings.
In 1986 I argued that Dracontius, Reposianus, the Aegritudo Perdicae, and Martianus were contemporary.14 Since Dracontius has known chronological coordinates, this suggested a date under the Vandals in the later 5th C. The authors fail to discuss or take on these arguments in the appropriate place, namely at lviii-lvix, and coyly date the work to the 4th-5th centuries (liii), alluding at l to a "presunta età tarda." Cristante had already passed over my discussion in his Reposianus (1999), though he did mention Martianus, as of uncertain date.15 He is, however, inclined, to follow16 his compatriot Gualandri, who, argued that Dracontius used Reposianus!17 My argumentation is swatted aside in the commentary to 1.1 at p. 97 "non sembrano probanti." Where is the "because . . ." that we regularly exhort our graduate students to include?
Instead, the only information about the date that the authors countenance is (lviii) Schievenin's idea18 that 9.999 proconsulari vero dantem culmini must refer to the Byrsa. Now the Byrsa is occasionally called an arx, but never a culmen, mons, or collis. But proconsulari . . . culmini might best be seen within the context of late antique bureaucratic honorifics, where high offices (e.g. prefectures and consulships) are frequently designated as a culmina.19 The text is probably corrupt,20 there were proconsuls (Victorianus of Hadrumetum and Pacideius are known, probably serving as judges), under the Vandals, and one fails to see how a terminus ante quem of 429 follows inevitably. Yet the commentary is multivocal (at 308 Symphosius, Vandalic, is said to be contemporary of, or slightly later than Martianus!). Fortunately the evidence for the date with a full bibliography can now be found in C. O. Tommasi's fine new, Bee-Orchid.21 (On a related question, at lxxv the commentators sound curiously skeptical about the metrical tractate in Oxford, Bodleian Addit. C. 144 that Mario de Nonno attributed to Martianus, pending the publication of the full text.22)
The commentary is annoying if one doesn't know the text by heart because the authors have not provided references for every lemma, only discreet running heads that might easily be taken for page numbers. Kopp chapters are too long, and some subsystem of reference, such as sentence-numbers, would have been desirable.
Some general points. Imagine that Position A used to be standard. Scholar B then came and argued for Position B. Should Commentator C ignore or dismiss B without refutation? Or has the onus probandishifted with B's argumentation, so that C needs to take account of B rather than just reasserting A? This reviewer believes that once a non-risible argued counter-opinion is "out there," it needs to be responded to. One cannot just shovel sand over it and hope no one will notice, or dismiss it with "pace" or ignore it. There is a considerable amount of the silent treatment here,23 which detracts from progress. That is one pole. At the other end comes what seems like compulsion to disagree for disagreement's sake.24
Profound philosophical differences divide the approach of the Italian team and those of Martian scholars from the Anglo-American tradition. The former tilt against pretty much each and every emendation from Grotius' to my own. The invariable answer: "non è necessario," or "né è necessario."25 The attitude to hapax legomena is schizophrenic. Some must be removed; 26 some defended even at cost to the relationship between text and translation.27 What can one say? Part of the work of the commentator and textual critic is to point to, or discern problems, even if they can't be solved. Diagnostic conjectures can approach problems humbly but constructively. The work would be more useful if it addressed divergences from Willis directly and discussed the underlying issues in places where Willis and others have offered emendations that the editors here reject. But the nonchalance of the notes merely displaces problems to the translation.
The translation can be ad sensum rather than ad verbum. The authors will defend some reading peremptorily, only to glide over it or elide it in the translation. Many of these re-assertions of the paradosis raise greater questions than they solve.28 There is often fuzziness and lack of precision about which word means what and what work it is doing in the sentence. In one place the translation and the note seem to have been written by different people who had not communicated.29
New parallels can be very helpful, and there are some nice contributions in this area: e.g. 1.2 Porph. Abst. 4.9.5; 1.10 Symm. Ep. 4.33; 1.11 Indicus mons: Apollo allegedly lured to Colophon (Lact. Inst. 1.7), but what of the tone? ; 1.17 risum Iovis and its possible relation to creation in Hermetic texts; 1.39 proximo contiguoque as legal language with parallels from the CTh. 2.123 cui panditur . . . tonantis: citation of CIL 6.1779 epitaph of Praetextatus; 2.133 lectica: information about imperial litters.
Someone sat down at the Library of Latin Texts and went iunctura-hunting, a laudable modern luxury. But the results, about which we are incessantly informed ('il nesso non è altrimenti attestato"), fail to meet the "So what?"-test. This iunctura only occurs here30 or in multiple places ("here" and "here" and "here.")31 The information's function is unclear.32 These iuncturae do not demonstrate anything, but seem to be information for information's sake. Occasionally their indiscriminate inclusion undermines the argument in the note.33 Electronic information repositories seem to be excessively popular in many contemporary commentaries.34
This volume yearns for yesteryear's snows and wars. It beats a dead horse about Martianus' Greek (lv) and also his lowly cultural niveau, speaking (lii) of "pregiudizi duri a morire: l'autore sarebbe troppo tardo e quindi troppo ignorante e maldestro per presentare consapevolezza della propria operazione culturale." Hell no! Martianus has come a long way, baby. See now (amazingly!) J. Henderson reviewing Schievenin in this very venue.35
When the author of one commentary reviews another one on the same text, the situation can feel uncomfortable or invidious. Commentaries should identify problems, attempt to solve them, present new ideas and future lines of research. Much of this commentary tells us that there are no problems; it is hard to pinpoint new solutions to problems in the new material here,36 and likewise new constructive ideas. Immense progress was made by Robert Turcan's dissertation,37 by Lenaz's 1975 commentary, and by James Willis' 1983 Teubner edition. Unfortunately I cannot say the same of the new material in this commentary.
[For a response to this review by Lucio Cristante, please see BMCR 2013.08.25.]
1. There seems to be more than light revision.
2. IMU 12 (1969): 1-7.
3. E.g. My conjecture (virago for vertigo at 2.170) is listed as Willis' reading with no further clarification (324). The same happened to Grotius' cunctamento at 1.6.
4. 2.125 Platoni[s]: p. 287 "si propone di leggere . . ." Comparison with L. Lenaz, Martianus Capella: De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii liber secundus. Introduzione, traduzione e commento (Padova: 1975), 196 suggests that McDonough had already chosen this reading ("lezione"). But neither Willis' nor Dick's apparatus show any variant in the MSS.
5. E.g. the assertion (100) that my "nugales ineptias" is a "doppia emendazione," despite the fact that ineptias is a transmitted reading. Nugales is the emendation: Dick read "nugulas ineptas."
6. 1.37 limata, 177.
7. Ramelli, I. Le nozze di Filologia e Mercurio: testo latino a fronte. (Milano: 2001).
8. Schievenin, Romeo. "Trappole e misteri di una traduzione." BStudLat 33.2 (2003): 581-90.
9. She may be the target at p. L, n. 14 on "disconcerting recent attempts to translate."
10. D. R. Shanzer, A Philosophical and Literary Commentary on Martianus Capella's De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii Liber 1 (Berkeley: 1986).
11. "Science as a Profession and Vocation," in H. H. Bruun and S. Whimster, eds., Max Weber: Collected Methodological Writings (London: 2012), 341.
12. Important omissions noted: Fontanella, V. "Mercurio alla ricerca di Apollo-Sole. La teoria geoeliocentrica di Eraclide Pontico nel De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii di Marziano Capella, libro I 8-26." AIVeneto 135 (1977): 305-22. And the more recent Fontanella, V. "L'apoteosi di Virtù : (Mart. Cap. 1, 7-26)." Latomus 51 (1992): 34-51. Also Shanzer, D. R. "Augustine's Disciplines: Silent diutius Musae Varronis?" In Augustine and the Disciplines, ed. K. Pollmann and M. Vessey. 69-112. Oxford, 2005, would have been relevant for lv, lxvii-ix, and 271. At 95-96 I argue that the debate is about whether the liberal arts will be presented by personifications or not.
13. E.g. Turcan [op. cit. at n. 37 infra] on initiation at 251; the material on the Oracula Chaldaica in the commentary on 2.202-206, pp. 343-44.
14. Shanzer, A Philosophical and Literary Commentary, 17-21.
15. L. Cristante, Reposiani Concubitus Martis et Veneris, Bollettino dei classici. Supplemento (Roma: 1999), 8-9.
16. ibid., 9. "tendo a concordare con Isabella Gualandri nel considerarlo imitato."
17. I. Gualandri, "Problemi draconziani," RIstLomb 108 (1974): 882: traces a line from the Pervigilium Veneris to Reposianus and thence to Dracontius.
18. Schievenin, R. "Marziano Capella e il proconsulare culmen," Latomus 45 (1986): 797-815.
19. Amm. Marc. 28.4.3 ex magistro officiorum, ad proconsulatum geminum indeque multo postea ad praefecturae culmen euectus; Paul. Pell. 34 illic, ut didici, ter senis mensibus actis/sub genitore meo proconsule rursus ad aequor/expertasque uias reuocor, uisurus et orbis inclita culminibus praeclarae moenia Romae. Aus. Praef. 1.35 cuius ego comes et quaestor et, culmen honorum; Cass. Var. 1.42 ad praefecturae urbanae culmen erigimus; Cod. Theod. 6.6.1; 7.4.32; 14.16.1 a tui culminis indagine; Ruf. HE 9.1.2 praefecturae culmen regebat; Paul. Petr. 2.655 Arborius, mundi eximio perfunctus honore, /clarus praecelsae qui culmine praefecturae, etc.praefectus Gallis et Libyae et Latio.
20. At least as regards vero. Schievenin notes that vero is one of the weakest adversatives and translates "generazioni ignoranti ti hanno visto, rabbioso, soppesare nei processi blateramenti canini e rivolgerli inoltre al culmen proconsulare."
21. C. O. Tommasi, The Bee-Orchid: Religione e cultura in Marziano Capella, ed. C. Moreschini, Storie e Testi (Napoli: 2012), 19-32, supporting the later dating.
22. M. de Nonno, "Un nuovo testo di Marziano Capella : la metrica," RFIC 118 (1990) 129-44. Their skepticism dates back a while. See Cristante, L. 1997: «Dal Tardoantico al Medioevo: il De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii di Marziano Capella e la tradizione delle artes nella scuola carolingia», in H. Schefers (ed.), Einhard. Studien zu Leben und Werk dem Gedenken an Helmut Beumann gewidmet, Darmstadt, 57-66, at 64.
23. E.g. at xlv: Where are Willis' many textual critical articles on the De Nuptiis?
24. E.g. the note on 1.7 diadema: the authors insist in disagreement with me that the diadem cannot represent eternity, although Jove took it from the head of Aeternitas. It must, according to them, be a symbol of royalty. Psyche's immortality is guaranteed, they say, not by the diadem, but by Jove's symbolic gesture. [[25] Exceptionally: 2.142, p. 306: an emendation of mine is characterized as 'facilior;" also 2.157, p. 317 where an interpretative suggestion of mine is argued to be, "inutile." At 2.199 a suggestion of Willis' is partially exploited.
26. 1.6 luculentas : luculent<i>tas.
27. 1.8 semivulsis, where the "semi"-element seems unexplained in relationship to vello, i.e. why not simply "avulsis?".
28. E.g. Lvii discussing 9.931 quia eadem voce nos uti summus Iuppiter statuit (rejecting Willis' conjecture vetuit, which seems required by the sense: after all the note is called adquisitus in Latin, not proslambanomenos. "The first note is called the "proslambanomenos" by the Greeks, but among the Romans, because Jupiter ordered/forbade us to use the same word, it is called "'adquisitus.'" The construction of statuo without ut is anomalous. Also Lxxxi, n. 99 Willis' excision of visum at 6.579 'videbis istic depingi quidquid verbis [visum] non valeas explicare' is rejected. With the excision, the sentence means, "You will see depicted in it (i.e. the geometrical sand-board) whatever you are not able to set out in words. If one keeps visum, the position of verbis is awkward for construction with explicare. The commentators seem to want to construe quidquid visum together as "whatever image produced by the mind that cannot find expression in words," despite the fact that with that hyperbaton, verbis would have to modify visum (which is nonsensical). The net meaning of the sentence with Willis's expunction is the same as what the translators suggest, but without serious problems with the word-order.
29. The note on 1.2 nictantis problematizes nictans as meaning "sleepy," (though the translation reads "mezzo addormentato") and draws attention to "blink" or "wink." The note cites Porph. Abst. 6.4.7 where Egyptian priests are said to be able to prevent themselves from blinking, even though they have stayed up all night. The point is presumably that Martianus has the unblinkingness of the good Egyptian priests in mind and that there is contrast imitation. But the note sounds garbled and could be better reconciled with the translation.
30. For example at pp. 105 (a plethora of such notes), 116, 141, 143, 153, 154, 162, 175, 213, 295, 307, to name only a few.
31. For example at pp. 107, 113, 115, 118, 146, 174.
32. Typical is 1.7, p. 116 pasci foverique. Does "ripreso' mean that Verecundus knew Martianus? That Cl. Marius Victor wrote later than Martianus? If so, then these author's use of Martianus (if that is right), needs to be taken into account for purposes of dating.
33. The note on 2.14 deorum sociari coetibus lists a few later Christian items that have angel,* not deor*. And the note on 2.132 gesticulationes consonas contains a random piece of information, that the "nesso" also occurs in Conradus de Mure. At 1.6 cuncta merito, Augustine, De Gen. ad litt. 3.16 is cited, which reads in fact cuncta merito considerata. At 1.19 the information supplied about vestigia (p. 142) in Martianus cuts both ways: both "traces," and "feet." At 1.21 mansura voluntas the parallel from Augustine simply isn't apposite: mansura does not modify voluntas in it.
34. I am being less kind about the usefulness and purpose of such information than was D. P. Fowler, "Criticism as commentary and commentary as criticism in the age of electronic media," in Commentaries - Kommentare, ed. G. W. Most, Aporemata (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1999), 434 on the "infamous cf." For the essential problem see R.W. Mathisen in BMCR 2011.07.41.
35. BMCR 2011.03.84.
36. The team were braver than I and took on the sixteen regions of the heavens and the Liver of Piacenza with the expert guidance of G. Capdeville, "Les dieux de Martianus Capella," RHistR 233, no. 3 (1996): 251-99.
37. R. Turcan, Ésotérisme et néoplatonisme chez Martianus Capella (1954).
Francesco Montarese, Lucretius and his Sources: A Study of Lucretius, De rerum natura I 635-920. Sozomena, 12. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, 2012. Pp. xi, 314. ISBN 9783110194524. $126.00.
Reviewed by Frederik A. Bakker, Radboud University Nijmegen (f.bakker@ftr.ru.nl)
[The Table of Contents is listed at the end of this review.]
In De rerum natura I 635-920, Lucretius presents and refutes the views of three Presocratic philosophers on the ultimate constituents of matter: Heraclitus (635-704), Empedocles (705-829) and Anaxagoras (830-920). The first to systematically explore the possible sources for this passage was Rösler (1973),1 who in an admirably concise article argued that Lucretius' description of the three theories was based on second-hand reports, ultimately deriving from Aristotle and Theophrastus. Lucretius' direct source would have been an Epicurean work in which report and criticism of Presocratic theories went hand in hand, written either by Epicurus himself or by some later Epicurean philosopher.
To this subject – the sources of Lucretius DRN I 635-920 – Francesco Montarese has now devoted an entire monograph, a revised version of his PhD thesis. The aim of this work, the author states, is twofold: first to establish the nature of Lucretius's source or sources for the 'Critique' (as Montarese calls the passage), and second to show how Lucretius adapted the material taken from his source to suit his own purposes. Chapters 1, 2 and 3 mainly deal with the first aim, while chapter 4 is concerned with the second.
In the quest for Lucretius's sources two extreme positions can be discerned: on the one hand there are those who, like Piet Schrijvers,2 consider Lucretius an eclectic philosopher, actively engaged in the philosophical debates of his time, on the other hand such scholars as David Sedley,3 who prefer to see Lucretius as an Epicurean 'fundamentalist', whose sole philosophical source was Epicurus himself. Montarese sets out from the second position, paying an homage to Sedley (p.9) not unlike Lucretius's declaration of allegiance to Epicurus (DRN III 3-13). This does not prevent him, however, from severely criticising Sedley on several accounts.
Chapter 1 reads like an updated and expanded version of Rösler's article, covering more or less the same ground and reaching roughly the same conclusions. Montarese corrects Rösler on several points. In the section on Empedocles, for instance, Lucretius presents two theories that were certainly not held by Empedocles (in lines 763-68 and 782-802). While Rösler saw such passages as signs of Lucretius's ignorance of Empedocles's actual views, Montarese argues that Lucretius intentionally aimed his arguments at other versions of the four-element theory as well, so as to rule out every conceivable variant.
In chapter 2 Montarese challenges the theory, first put forward by David Sedley,4 that books XIV and XV of Epicurus's Περὶ φύσεως were the principal source of Lucretius's Critique. Through a detailed analysis of the remaining fragments, most of which he re-edited for the purpose, Montarese shows (a) that book XIV was not devoted to systematic criticism of earlier views, (b) did not single out Heraclitus as the main representative of monism (if he was mentioned at all), and (c) did not deal with Empedocles, but criticized Plato instead, and (d) that book XV was not devoted to criticism of Anaxagoras (if he was mentioned at all). Montarese concludes that books XIV and XV were not Lucretius's source. I found Montarese's argument in this chapter very convincing, although it was difficult to follow at times. One or two tables to summarize the findings would have been a great help. One wonders, moreover, if the conclusion could not have been reached on the basis of a smaller selection of fragments: some of the fragments needed so much explaining themselves that they hardly helped to support the argument. Besides, since Montarese concludes that Epicurus's Περὶ φύσεως XIV and XV were not Lucretius's source, there does not seem to be much point in lingering on the fragments.
In chapter 3 the problem of Lucretius's sources is studied from yet another angle. On the basis of internal as well as external evidence, Montarese concludes that, while most of DRN I seems to derive from Epicurus's Περὶ φύσεως I and perhaps II, the Critique itself comes from a different source. The available evidence does not, however, permit him to decide whether this source was a text by Epicurus himself or by some later Epicurean. Montarese also speculates on the reasons Lucretius might have had for placing the Critique in the middle of book I. The main reason, according to Montarese, would have been Lucretius's wish to contrast two different styles of writing philosophy – viz. those of Heraclitus (lines 639-44) and Empedocles (716-41), before making his own poetical statement in lines 921-50.
In chapter 4 Montarese goes on to identify and discuss a number of passages where Lucretius may have adapted, or added to, the material of his Greek source. The most important of these are the introductory sections to the refutations of Heraclitus and Empedocles, where Lucretius deals with the literary styles of these two Presocratics, unfavourably in the case of Heraclitus, but very favourably in the case of Empedocles, who was Lucretius's primary poetical model. In both sections, Montarese points out, Lucretius tries to capture and imitate the style of the philosopher under discussion. Although Lucretius does not formally deal with Anaxagoras's style, Montarese suggests that the repetitive and monotonous style that characterizes much of Lucretius's discussion of Anaxagoras, is meant to be a caricature of Anaxagoras's own style, which is thus implicitly criticized. Montarese also draws attention to the way many elements of the Critique recur both inside the Critique and in subsequent sections of Lucretius's work, to produce a kind of internal dialogue. I found this chapter by far the most interesting and stimulating of Montarese's book, even though I cannot agree with everything he writes. I do not believe, for instance, that Lucretius would have subscribed to some kind of 'atomology' (pp.186-90) – the belief that things (words / compound bodies) which share most of their elementa (letters / atoms), would for that reason be related: Lucretius's point is rather that the same elementa, differently combined, may constitute things that are very different.
The four chapters are followed by three appendices. In Appendix A Montarese argues against Sedley's thesis that Lucretius composed his work in two stages,5 in Appendix B Montarese tries to establish the original format of the scrolls containing Epicurus's Περὶ φύσεως XIV and XV, and Appendix C investigates whether Epicurus's Ad Herodotum and Ad Pythoclem reflect continuous books of his Περί φύσεως.
Although Montarese's book offers many new and important insights, it is not very accessible. Montarese does not always clearly identify his own contributions (especially in chapter 1), which makes it hard to assess the value of his work. He also assumes too much familiarity with Lucretius's text on the part of the reader: a brief outline of the Critique, to which the reader could refer from time to time, would have been most welcome. The argument is not always very transparent either: in chapter 2, for instance, it is very hard to form an overall picture of the structure of Epicurus's Περὶ φύσεως XIV and XV, especially since the fragments are not always discussed in their original order. One or two tables summarizing the results would have been very helpful.
Montarese's book is also riddled with mistakes, most of which could have been easily corrected by a proofreader, which makes one wonder if the book was proofread at all. The following list offers just a selection (!), leaving aside most of the smaller and unproblematic errors (of which there must be hundreds). On p.18 the reader is referred to p.16 for the claim (in my view incorrect) that the unnamed opponents whose theory is discussed in DRN I. 1052-113 presented the world as eternal, but there no such claim is made. On p.41 Montarese fails to mention that Diogenes of Oenoanda's 'doxographical list' is part of fragment 6. On p.42, n.142, 'see pp.47-49 above' should be 'see pp.47-49 below'. On p.70 'Lucretius's should be 'Epicurus'. On p.72 'cases instances' should be either 'cases' or 'instances'. On p.86 'Schrjivers' should be 'Schrijvers' (twice!). On p.90, n.259, 'see Appendix A below n.897' appears to be wrong: n.897 is part of Appendix B, not A, and does not answer the question for which it is referred to. On p.95 'εἰδόλων' should be 'εἰδώλων'. On p.107 between 'of a wind-like quality' and 'which does not have a name', something like 'and of a fourth kind' (corresponding to Greek 'ἐκ τετάρτου τινὸς') is missing. On p.117 the word 'ἀρχῶν' in fragment 24.2-3 is not translated. On p.136 'astrology' should be 'astronomy', and the same page fails to mention that 'fragment 25' is part of book XV. On p.155, after 'the body which our sense cannot' a word like 'perceive' or 'see' seems to have fallen out. On p.156, in Montarese's paraphrase of Lucretius's argument in DRN I 599ff (with Munro's supplement), the second occurrence of 'visible' should be emended to something like 'conceptual'. On p.191 DRN 1.934 is quoted with unmetrical 'omnia' instead of 'cuncta'. On p.201, in the translation of Heraclitus fr. B92 D-K, 'the lord where is the oracle' should be 'the lord whose oracle'. On p.218, n.665, Empedocles fragment B17.2 D-K, is quoted with 'τεθεπώς' instead of 'τεθηπώς'. On p.223, n.699, 'gigantomatic' should be 'gigantomachic'. On p.228, responding to a claim made by Campbell,6 Montarese writes: "But Epicurus could have picked up the Empedoclean language […] – as Campbell himself grants – from Plato's discussion of Empedocles's zoogony", but, as far as I know, no such discussion exists, nor does Campbell refer to one. On p.231, Furley is referred to without specific reference, and in n.722 on the same page 'Gower' should be 'Gowers' (as in the bibliography) and 'fiery hear' should be 'fiery heart'. On p.232, n.724, on Empedocles' use of the word 'αἰθήρ', a reference to Peter Kingsley, Ancient Philosophy, Mystery, and Magic, Oxford 1995, pp.15-23, would have been in order. On the same page the reference to n.271 should have been to n.721. On p.240 '850-52' should be '851-52', '858 and 918' should be '850 and 918', and on pp.240, 241 and 242 '917-20' should be '918-20'. On p.241 'μνηστρῆσι' should be 'μνηστῆρσι' and 'eat blood-dripping meat' should be 'ate blood-dripping meat'. On pp.247, 248 & 250 'the 22 letters of the alphabet' should be 'the 21 letters of the alphabet': see Cic. ND 2.37.93 (a text which Montarese himself refers to on p.247 n.785). On p.248 Montarese states that 'versibus of line 822 shares 6 of its 7 elementa with verbis of 823': here 822 and 823 should be 823 and 824 respectively, and 'versibus' of course has 8 elementa, not 7. On p.252 Montarese states that 'ignis and lignis share four elementa': I count five. On p.281 'The chances of the roll…' should be 'The chances that the roll …' On pp.309-313, the header should be 'General Index' instead of 'Generell Index'. Finally, on p.310 of the 'General Index' the reference to Epicurus, On nature XIV Col. LXI should be to Col. XLI, and a reference should be added to p.65. There should be a reference to Col. XLII as well, which is also mentioned on p.65.
Chapter 1: Lucretius drew his Critique from an earlier Epicurean polemic
Chapter 2: Books XIV and XV of Epicurus' Περὶ φύσεως
Chapter 3: Lucretius' use of sources in DRN I
Chapter 4: Lucretius in the Critique
1. W. Rösler, 'Lukrez und die Vorsokratiker: doxographische Probleme im I. Buch von "De rerum natura"', Hermes 101 (1973): 48-64.
2. P.H. Schrijvers, Lucrèce et les sciences de la vie, Leiden 1999 (BMCR 1999.07.13).
3. D.N. Sedley, Lucretius and the Transformation of Greek Wisdom, Cambridge 1998 (BMCR 1999.10.29).
4. Sedley (1998: 123-6, 145-6, 190-2).
5. Sedley (1998: xvi-xvii, 155-57).
6. G. Campbell, Lucretius on Creation and Evolution: a Commentary on De rerum natura 5.772- 1104, Oxford 2003 (BMCR 2004.06.26), p.102.
Mauro Tulli (ed.), L'autore pensoso: un seminario per Graziano Arrighetti sulla coscienza letteraria dei Greci. Ricerche di filologia classica, 6. Biblioteca di Studi antichi 95. Pisa; Roma: Fabrizio Serra editore, 2011. Pp. 224. ISBN 9788862272063. €95.00 (pb).
Reviewed by Novella Vismara, Università Milano Bicocca (novella.vismara@unimib.it)
Il volume, curato da Mauro Tulli, raccoglie nove saggi critici relativi alla poesia greca offerti dagli allievi a Graziano Arrighetti, illustre studioso del periodo. Gli studi vertono intorno ad un unico tema: la riflessione degli autori antichi sull'attività letteraria propria o a loro precedente.
Le ragioni che hanno indotto il curatore Mauro Tulli a proporre un tema così peculiare sono illustrate nella 'Prefazione': studiare gli autori che, riflettendo sull'attività poetica, identificano quale compito dell'attività poetica la difesa della dignità dell'uomo, valore alla base anche dell'insegnamento e delle relazioni con gli studenti di Graziano Arrighetti.
Michele Buongiovanni (9-23), presenta il rapporto tra verità e poesia in Omero, Esiodo e Parmenide, a partire dall'incontro tra Eumeo e Odisseo. mentre per Omero la bellezza del canto può rendere vera la menzogna, mancando l'equivalenza tra bellezza e veridicità del racconto, per Esiodo (Teogonia 27-28), al contrario, le Muse sanno cantare anche la verità e la scelta spetta solo al poeta. Con Teogonia, quindi, Esiodo fonda una poetica nuova, basata proprio sulla verità che l'atto poetico rivela. La scelta, operata da Esiodo, di porre la verità al centro della propria poetica si ritrova anche in Parmenide, a lui strettamente connesso. L'opera di Parmenide però rivela strette connessioni con l'Odissea che consentono di impostare il discorso della poetica lungo due binari, quello della verità, legato alla natura dell'essere, e quello delle opinioni degli uomini, certamente affascinanti ma che in un ordine assoluto devono essere rigettate perchè non pertinenti all'essere.
Dino De Sanctis (25-50) dimostra come Esiodo, con la propria poetica, scardini i principi etici presenti nei poemi omerici, per rifondarli secondo le caratteristiche della società a lui contemporanea. Tra i molti principi discussi, è di grande interesse l'emulazione, vista in genere con valenza positiva, una delle caratteristiche che rendono gli aedi simili a Zeus. Per meglio comprendere il valore del termine, De Sanctis ritiene necessario analizzare i passi della Teogonia e degli Erga nei quali il termine ζ͠ηλος viene usato con accezione positiva o negativa. Mentre nella prima opera l'emulazione ha marcatamente una valenza positiva, nella seconda, con il decadimento dell'età del ferro e con la perdita di un modello corretto da seguire, si afferma anche come valore negativo.
Maria Raffaella Calabrese De Feo (51-70) analizza, partendo dalle notazioni autobiografiche introdotte per primo da Esiodo, il rapporto esistente tra il poeta e le Muse: Esiodo infatti da pastore diviene aedo proprio grazie all'incontro con le dee. I temi trattati in dettaglio sono: 'Esiodo e le Muse: un rapporto esclusivo', manifestato dalla citazione del proprio nome in relazione a quello collettivo delle dee, delle quali verranno citati per la prima volta di lì a poco i singoli nomi; 'Il nome Esiodo', per l'interpretazione del quale si adotta 'colui che emette la voce, il canto', un ulteriore elemento di centralità del rapporto del poeta con le Muse; 'Esiodo e le Muse: un rapporto privilegiato', ove l'impiego della prima persona in Teogonia 24-34 serve a rimarcare quanto fosse stata personale l'esperienza vissuta nell'incontro. Ugualmente, Esiodo parlando negli Erga 654-662 della propria attività di poeta ne tratterà in prima persona.
Michele Corradi (71-109) concentra la propria attenzione critica su Protagora, ed in particolare su come Platone ne ricostruisce l'interesse per la tradizione letteraria precedente. Nel Protagora, il Sofista argomenta come la poesia sia uno strumento di paideia, citando, a sostegno della tesi, numerosi autori antichi, primi dei quali Omero ed Esiodo. Con il confronto con anche altri trattati platonici, appare chiaro come per Platone stesso potesse essere stabilito un parallelo tra Protagora e i poeti nel loro ruolo educativo. Proprio questo stretto legame può aiutarci a comprendere il principio dell'uomo-misura che Platone presenta nel Teeteto (152a2-4) e Sesto Empirico nell'Adversus Mathematicos (VII 60). Corradi, analizzando l'impiego ed il significato del termine μέτρον conclude che per Protagora è impossibile l'incontro Muse / poeta, ed è l'uomo il μέτρον della realtà; contro questa visione argomenta Platone, impiegando gli stessi spazi retorici e le stesse armi formali del Sofista. Protagora ha elaborato le proprie teorie partendo dal profondo studio della tradizione letteraria relativa alla paideia ed alla verità.
Maria Isabella Bertagna (111-120), osserva alcuni passi: libro VI dell'Iliade, versi 503-514; Tucidide VI, 108, 4; Euripide, Baccanti, 200-203; Platone, Leggi (769b6-c 8) analizzando la presenza della costruzione dell'anacoluto che viene identificato quale potente sistema espressivo per attirare l'attenzione del lettore in passaggi di particolare importanza.
Mauro Tulli (121-133), analizza il proemio del Teeteto e le sua difficoltà testuali, partendo dall'analisi del commento conservato dal Papiro di Berlino 9782 (III 28-37), il cui autore conosce due incipit diversi, solo uno noto alla tradizione medievale. Interessante è analizzare l'opera impiegando il secondo, ritenuto spurio dal commentatore, nel quale "l fanciullo del Teeteto sostituisce la διήγησις per assumere un compito delicato e insolito: la μίμησις, con le maschere di Socrate, di Teodoro e di Teeteto". Attraverso numerosi dotti confronti, Tulli dimostra come Platone anteponga la διήγησις alla μίμησις, troppo legata al frazionamento dell'io e "priva di un sapere".
Mario Regali (135-155) individua "un rapporto ... fra tradizione letteraria e la definizione del demiurgo, della sua attività e della sua funzione" a cominciare dall'etimologia del nome 'demiurgo' che, pur avendo ben presente che l'etimologia "è uno strumento ben conosciuto nella produzione letteraria stessa", ha negli Erga(1-10) di Esiodo e nell'etimologia del nome di Zeus proposta in quella sede un modello. Numerosi altri spunti ripresi dagli Erga, analizzati puntualmente, mostrano come la riflessione di Platone tenga bel conto di questa opera nel Timeo, per affermare una nuova poetica, che si diversifica proprio partendo dalla conoscenza, dimostrata dall'impiego, dei linguaggi poetici precedenti.
Margherita Erbì (157-190) analizza i dieci frammenti, 36 versi in tutto, che testimoniano la presenza, nella commedia, di una maschera che riprende le caratteristiche di Demostene per comprenderne la funzione nella μέση. La maschera di Demostene comincia ad affermarsi nel periodo in cui l'Ateniese inizia la propria opposizione a Filippo, e sulle scene viene duramente attaccato per le proprie scelte, anche antimacedoni, riprendendo i giudizi che già Eschine aveva avanzato su di lui.
Giovanni Calvani (191-207), studia la funzione di ζητήσεις e λύσεις in Pindaro, partendo dall'autore che può essere interpretato quale primo esegeta di Pindaro nell'antichità: Platone nel Protagora (338e6-347b2). Tali ζητήσεις sono presenti anche negli scoli a Pindaro, ma sino ad oggi gli studiosi non si sono posti il problema del perché alcune difficoltà meritassero in antico un'analisi ed una spiegazione. Per cercare di rispondere all'interrogativo, la Calvani analizza prima le ζητήσεις esplicite e poi quelle nascoste ai testi di Pindaro, presentandone il contenuto: nel caso delle 23 esplicite ben 16 riguardano il mito, e quindi se ne deduce che "il mito in Pindaro creava difficoltà su cui la critica riteneva utile indagare". Anche quelle nascoste sono a soggetto prevalentemente mitico, ma perché non dichiarate? Perché verosimilmente redatte nel periodo, il II secolo, nel quale la formulazione ζητήσεις era scomparsa dall'uso.
Il volume si chiude con l''Indice dei passi citati' in tutti i contributi, mente la bibliografia impiegata chiude ogni singolo articolo.
I saggi raccolti ne L'autore pensoso raggiungono lo scopo che si sono prefissati, di illustrare la riflessione "critica" di un'autore sulla propria produzione letteraria e su quella a lui precedente. Pur nella diversità dei temi trattati e delle angolazioni assunte, da tutti i saggi emerge come questa riflessione coincida con la riflessione dell'uomo sul proprio compito e sulla propria dignità.
Iain McDaniel, Adam Ferguson in the Scottish Enlightenment: The Roman Past and Europe's Future. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2013. Pp. x, 276. ISBN 9780674072961. $45.00.
Reviewed by Christopher Smith, University of St Andrews;British School at Rome (cjs6@st-and.ac.uk)
Adam Ferguson (1723-1816) was an important and combative figure in the Scottish Enlightenment, who could number Robert Adam, David Hume and Adam Smith among his friends, and who had an eventful and intriguing life. Descended from nobility, he was educated in St Andrews and Edinburgh, became a military chaplain, Librarian to the Faculty of Advocates in Edinburgh, a tutor in the family of the Earl of Bute, and a professor at the University of Edinburgh. He travelled to France and Italy, met Voltaire, and was sent to negotiate with Washington during the American Revolution (the commission was completely unsuccessful). He lived through the French Revolution (which he welcomed and then found depressing), and he heard with joy the news of the battle of Waterloo read to him from the newspapers. He is buried in the grounds of the Cathedral at St Andrews, and Sir Walter Scott wrote his epitaph.1
There is ample reason to be intrigued by an individual whose two best-known works, An Essay on the History of Civil Society (1767) and The History of the Progress and Termination of the Roman Republic (1783) were in their day widely read and controversial. Hume disliked the first, for reasons we never quite discover, and the second was much reprinted. He was productive and opinionated – his friends knew him as the Scottish Cato. Internationally famous (despite his views, he was even respected as an author in America, and was particularly popular in Germany), after his death his reputation suffered more of a decline in Great Britain.
Iain McDaniel's book is a fairly austere account of this colourful individual. There are no biographical details, and one gets little sense of how Ferguson fitted into his society and his times, but the volume is still a valuable contribution to the history of Enlightenment thought.2 Ferguson was both a significant voice in the intellectual debates of his time, and a product of his upbringing. He brought his Perthshire awareness of the fault lines between the highland clans and the new life of the polite cities to bear on the great questions of civic virtue, the compatibility of commerce and empire with good governance, and the relative merits of militias and standing armies, where he and Adam Smith were completely at odds.
McDaniel begins with Montesquieu, and perhaps no thinker held more sway over Ferguson. The enormous influence of L'Esprit des Lois (1748) was felt by many of course, but the comparative and constitutional project carried forward there, the interest in the role of the military, and the reflections specifically on England made it an important spur to Ferguson. McDaniel's second chapter places these ideas in a slightly broader context, looking at, for instance, Adam Smith's more positive view of Britain's future, and his belief that economic stability, based in the division of labour and the product of self-interest, reduced reliance on a standing army, but also avoided some of the excesses of populism. Where Smith saw dangers was in the role of monopolies, and in the failure to resolve problems such as the relationship between Britain and her American problems through a recognition of common interests in commerce. Ferguson, who also saw that, despite its monarchy, Britain was remarkably Republican in its institutions and conduct, was much more concerned about the dangers of despotism which arose from an over-extended Republic with both democratic tendencies and effectively a standing army, and for him, Britain was far too close to the world of the late Roman Republic.
If Smith was an exponent of a neo-Epicurean morality, Ferguson tended to the neo-Stoic. McDaniel argues that he derives his views on the grounds of morality from a position closer to Shaftesbury's ethic of sociability, takenfrom Mandeville, and indeed Hume. And interestingly, McDaniel also shows Ferguson as constructing his history of morality along lines drawn from Rousseau. Ferguson stressed both the positive value of strife and dissension as encouraging political and moral development, and the early emergence of inequality (in contrast to views which saw a more egalitarian beginning to society). All this of course is developed out of surmise and classic texts, including Tacitus' Germania.3 Ferguson has a much more combative and spiky view of civil society than Smith; less tranquillity and more vigorous competition. It is not surprising therefore, as McDaniel shows in his fourth chapter, that Ferguson worried about the capacity of commerce to detract from alert national defence. The commercial democracy of Athens was a warning. Ferguson was also close to the conclusions of Mably and Raynal, the roughly contemporary French theorists, about the weakness of Europe before the danger of an aggressive state led by an ambitious individual. For Ferguson, empire dissipated energy, and, especially if governed democratically, could either slide into such a dangerous state, or be vulnerable to another.
Most of this can be derived from the Essay but McDaniel has done a good job of showing that the general themes there underlie the way in which Ferguson constructed his history of the Roman Republic. It is interesting to note that Ferguson saw the republic as a project for democratic equality – and as such a prelude to despotism. Unlike European aristocracy, the patriciate lost its reason to exist; and the advent of the standing army extinguished liberty. Gibbon's task therefore became the need to explain why the empire lasted so long.4
For Ferguson, the answer to contemporary problems lay in a revitalised martial aristocracy, a military hierarchy based on merit and allied to the civil state. Again, Ferguson's project united Rousseau and the 'German' world of the post-Roman empire. The challenge became, as McDaniel's last chapter shows, how in the current circumstances to match up to the French revolution and most particularly the terrifying power of Napoleon, whom Ferguson in a sense had predicted. It was France not Britain, in the end, where democracy had led to despotism; as McDaniel says, it was a later generation of French and German thinkers who had to try to resolve the challenges of post-revolutionary Europe.
McDaniel demonstrates repeatedly the ways in which Ferguson's thought reverted to ancient models. Grounded as all the Scottish Enlightenment thinkers were in the classics, Ferguson made particular use of the later Republic. McDaniel might have made even more than he does of the significance of the land reform projects in Scotland (which Adam Smith for instance was involved in) as an encouragement to reflect on Republican history. However his account is now the most interesting we have and steps beyond the relatively brief mentions by Pocock in his monumental work. As Pocock and also Hont have shown, Ferguson was partly responsible for reintroducing what Pocock saw as Machiavellian themes of growth and decay, virtue and corruption into the Scottish Enlightenment in the 1760s.5 However, a relatively unexplored theme is the parallel between Ferguson's thought and contemporary developments in French thought; Sieyès grappled with Rousseau, Barnave would suggest a similar military aristocracy in the 1790s, and all French thinkers were challenged by the problem of public credit, social inequality and preservation of empire.6 McDaniel's approach chases down the ideas but we still do not quite see how Ferguson interacted with other thinkers, or how they used him.
Perhaps the most intriguing presentation of why all this mattered comes in Emma Rothschild's remarkable recent book on the Johnstone family, eleven brothers and sisters of an unprosperous lowlands family whose interactions with the world from America to India she has brilliantly uncovered. George Johnstone was a friend of Ferguson and was on the same commission to George Washington; Ferguson hoped to succeed him to the governorship of West Florida, and brought up his younger son. Ferguson, Adam Smith and Hugh Blair celebrated William Johnstone's wife's inheritance at the Poker Club, where David Hume was also a member and a friend. The records show borrowing of books and exchanges of letters and the tragedies of life and death, all played out against the vast historical problems which Hume, Smith and Ferguson wrote about, the rights and wrongs of the East India Company's growing power, the American revolution, the debate over slavery. For the Johnstones, as Rothschild shows, these debates were not abstract; they were intensely significant, and life-changing. McDaniel shows Ferguson in his intellectual context, and it is one which was rooted in the classics; and Ferguson seems more interesting as a result of the book, but not necessarily more important. Rothschild reminds us that his importance lay in his position at the heart of an intellectual movement which was internationally significant, and of a society of individuals whose lives were caught up in the struggle to redefine civil society.7
1. Fania Oz-Salzberger, 'Ferguson, Adam (1723–1816)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2009 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/9315, accessed 13 April 2013; subscription required].
2. Compare the very different accounts by Nicholas Phillipson, David Hume: The Philosopher as Historian (London 2011) and Adam Smith: An Enlightened Life (London 2011).
3. C. Krebs, A Most Dangerous Book: Tacitus's Germania from the Roman Empire to the Third Reich (New York, 2011)
4. See also J. Moore, I. Macgregor Morris, A. J. Bayliss (eds) Reinventing History: The Enlightenment Origins of Ancient History (London 2008).
5. J. G. A. Pocock, Barbarism and Religion (Cambridge 1999-)ii. 330-65; iii. 399-416; The Machiavellian Moment : Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition (Princeton, 1975) 499-501; I. Hont Jealousy of Trade: International Competition and the Nation-State in Historical Perspective (Harvard 2010), 296-8.
6. See M. Sonenscher Before the Deluge: Public Debt, inequality, and the Intellectual Origins of the French Revolution (Princeton 2007)
7. E. Rothschild, The Inner Life of Empires: An Eighteenth Century History (Princeton, 2011)
Philip Freeman, Marcus Tullius Cicero. How to Run a Country: An Ancient Guide for Modern Leaders. Princeton; Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2013. Pp. xix, 132. ISBN 9780691156576. $12.95.
Reviewed by Joanna Kenty, University of Pennsylvania, Graduate Group in Classical Studies (joanna.kenty@gmail.com)
The playful title of this book suggests a kind of political handbook, perhaps a sequel to Freeman's 2012 volume How to Win an Election, a translation of Quintus Cicero's Commentariolum Petitionis. This is not exactly what the book contains: instead, the reader will find an anthology of passages translated from Cicero's works – including speeches, philosophical works, and letters – related to various political themes, such as corruption or tyranny. In his introduction, Freeman highlights ten lessons which modern readers can take from Cicero: "There are universal laws that govern the conduct of human affairs," "Intelligence is not a dirty word," "Compromise is the key to getting things done," and so on. As these precepts suggest, Freeman has tried to find quotations which have particular relevance for today's political debates; while he does provide a brief biographical sketch of Cicero in the introduction, it is Cicero's ideas and not his life and times which Freeman emphasizes.
Many translations of Cicero's works can be found in the average bookstore, and although some of Cicero's works are generally considered more canonical than others, there seem to be as many methods of selecting representative samples of the Ciceronian corpus as there are translators of it. Today, the most widely available volumes seem to focus mainly or exclusively on the speeches, as "Cicero the Orator" (or Advocate) has come to overshadow "Cicero the Philosopher" in modern approaches. If the philosopher appears, it is as a political philosopher only. Citizens of the American Republic, at least, find much that is relevant in Cicero as a political thinker and actor, and as a master of rhetoric and the art of spin. This approach to Cicero also fits comfortably into surveys of Roman history and courses on political thought at the college level, courses which probably account for much if not most of the readership of Cicero's works in translation.
Freeman seems to imagine a different audience for his volume, one outside the university with a general interest in Rome, political philosophy, or both, and perhaps some nostalgia for the Latin classes of their youth. He includes the Latin text of his selected passages at the end of the volume, a useful reference for the general reader with some knowledge of Latin. Freeman arranges his excerpts – some no more than a few sentences, others a few pages – thematically rather than chronologically, and allows them to stand alone with little or no historical context; sometimes the larger work to which the excerpt belongs is described or identified, sometimes not (an index with full citations of each passage can be found at the end of the book). The passages themselves provide an interesting mix of approaches: some are quite abstract or general, while others show Cicero's interactions with specific people and events; some passages will be well-known to readers familiar with Cicero, and others are more obscure.
It may be useful to compare Freeman's approach to that of another translator, Michael Grant, in his volume Cicero On Government (Penguin, 1994). Both translators focus on Cicero's political thought; both include material from the philosophica and orations; and several excerpts appear in both. Where the selections overlap, the translations are not dissimilar, although Freeman tends to be slightly more colloquial in his language. The main difference is the length of the passages: Grant's shortest selection is from the Pro Balbo, about ten pages, while Freeman's longest is only a few pages, and short ones at that. Grant emphasizes historical context and gives the reader more of a sense of each work as a whole, while Freeman frees the material from its context, selecting excerpts whose content is thought-provoking on its own terms, and which demonstrate Cicero's outlook as a thinker in general. Freeman's book is an entry-point, an introduction; while it is simply too short (the translations occupy 67 pp.) to provide much traction for students in a typical college course, I certainly hope it will be successful in introducing Cicero to a wider audience.
Typographical error: "Manlian" for "Manilian" on pp. 99, 118.
Cécile Morrisson (ed.), Trade and Markets in Byzantium. Dumbarton Oaks Byzantine symposia and colloquia. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 2012. Pp. ix, 459. ISBN 9780884023777. $85.00.
Reviewed by Matt Gibbs, University of Winnipeg (m.gibbs@uwinnipeg.ca)
This collection, edited by Cécile Morrisson, is the fourth volume of the Dumbarton Oaks Byzantine Symposia and Colloquia to be published, and it is the first dedicated to the Byzantine economy. The volume contains an introduction and seventeen individual chapters by an array of well-known scholars of antiquity and the medieval period. The book is divided into four sections that are both broadly chronological and thematic.
Morrisson's introduction sets out the aims of both the earlier symposium and the volume. It highlights the importance of trade as well as the areas of study in the Byzantine economy neglected by both archaeologists and historians. The symposium aims to combat this. The reasons behind the emphasis on trade and markets here as opposed to the Byzantine economy itself are made clear, as is the existence of a general consensus among the participants concerning the criteria for local, regional, and interregional exchanges as well as the regulation, control, and payments within market exchange. These themes govern the chapters.
The first section—Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages—begins with a contribution by Jean-Michel Carrié. He provides an overview of the current debate and an updated view of the late antique economy. He also examines the criteria necessary for a market economy, the movement of currency and information (15-16) and innovations in technology and management (17-19). While highlighting the significant level of monetization of the economy in the fourth century CE (22-23), Carrié also considers the functions of urban and rural environs, the networks of exchanges that existed therein, and their relationship in a market economy.
Dominique Pieri offers a survey of the manufacture, use, and circulation of amphorae in the eastern Mediterranean. He discusses the evolution of amphorae in the late Antique and Byzantine period and examines comparative data from the western Mediterranean, as well as issues concerning standardization, production, imitations and forgeries. Perhaps most interestingly, he considers the apparent decline of maritime trade during the Late Roman Empire and the early Middle Ages, and offers a brief examination of the agents involved (39-42). Pieri leaves the reader under no illusion about the limited contribution that amphorae can make to economic history, but he also suggests that the study of amphorae allows us to follow the stages of economic development and regression, noting where the emphasis of future research should lie (48-49).
Michael McCormick first examines the meaning of the term "market" in a variety of ways. He considers theory and its application to the Roman and post-Roman world before moving to economic behaviour, models, and crucially the transfer and use of information. He offers a clear and engaging study of the use of containers (specifically amphorae and barrels), their place in economic history, and the implications of specific types of containers for both markets and transport systems; this section also contains some interesting issues concerning the efficiency of containers, their sizes, and their use in export (60-77). Finally, McCormick considers the movement of goods using the evidence of, and from, shipwrecks, and concludes that market conditions can be seen between c. AD 350-1000, albeit in part indirectly, and markets and the informational networks therein "mattered throughout the first millennium" (97).
John F. Haldon discusses commerce and exchange in the seventh and eighth centuries. Beginning with a brief discussion of "demand", he moves on to consider the ceramic, numismatic, sigillographic, and textual evidence, while making suggestions for material evidence (in this case Byzantine belt buckles) that should be studied further to illustrate the "movement across and within imperial territory" (118). A discussion of roads and transport follows, with examples from the Balkans and Asia Minor. Haldon notes that there was a high degree of localized differentiation, that patterns altered over relatively short cycles, and finally that subsistence or marginal economies typically exist at "key tipping points" (122); they have the ability, on one hand, to flourish in a wider economic network, but on the other, to revert to "localized and semi-autarkic" relationships when these tipping points are forced and their balance is disturbed (122).
The second section, entitled "The Middle and Late Byzantine Periods", begins with Angeliki E. Laiou (who died in 2008) considering regional trade networks in the Balkans. Importantly, she states that "there is an institutional component to international trade that is absent from regional and interregional trade within the Byzantine Empire" (126). Discussing the movement of a variety of traded items, Laiou posits there were different forms of regional trade that were affected by centres of consumption, centres of exchange, and the level of regional monetization in the Balkans during the Middle and Late Byzantine periods.
In his study of regional networks in Asia Minor between the seventh-eleventh centuries, Johannes Koder presents a series of ideas concerning the size of settlements (149-51), their connections through road networks (152-55), and agrarian productivity (155-57) where he provides two examples of terrain variation. He provides several examples of settlements and the networks between them, from Mysia to Anazarbos, and ends with two suggestions: first, that the differences between western Asia Minor and the interior regions of central and eastern Asia Minor, and the demand therein for goods in medium- and long-distance trade should receive more attention; second, that the existing status quo be more vigorously tested.
Christopher Lightfoot examines the archaeological evidence for commercial enterprise at Amorium, in central Anatolia, between the seventh and eleventh centuries, arguing a dynamic environment of regional supply and demand existed in this region that was unaffected by the decline in long-distance trade or by the reliance on state support (177). Lightfoot points out that the evidence from Amorium may be exceptional, but that this is, in part, because of the state of archaeology generally in central Anatolia (182). He argues briefly but persuasively that, through both the extant architectural and material remnants, the role of Anatolia in the survival of the Byzantine Empire should be reassessed.
Demetra Papanikola-Bakirtzi investigates the trade and market characteristics of Byzantine glazed pottery between the tenth and fifteenth centuries (194-95). She considers a variety of tablewares, and treats in passing more elaborate material evidence produced at various sites (for instance, from Constantinople, Thessalonike, and Pergamon). The material evidence illustrates both interregional and international communication and reveals that the relationships built through these trade networks were not only "complex and multilateral" but also "intercultural" (216).
Sauro Gelichi's chapter on local and regional exchanges in the Lower Po Valley during the eighth and ninth centuries introduces the third section of the volume "West and East: Local Exchanges in Neighboring Worlds". Gelichi's considers the scale of the northern Italian economy using a substantial range of archaeological evidence. Gelichi suggests that medium- and long-distance trade in this area continued (229-32), and proposes that these economic aspects demonstrate that Mediterranean trade did not completely cease, but developed in a variety of ways. The success of these aspects, linked inherently to the emerging centres in the region, led to the emergence and eventual consolidation of Venice.
Rowan Dorin examines trade networks in the Adriatic during the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. These were established in the eighth and ninth centuries and, he argues, they flourished and became increasingly sophisticated and interconnected. Using textual evidence, Dorin paints a convincing picture of a region (see particularly 270-77) that becomes ever more commercially integrated in intra-Adriatic networks despite international upheaval and increasing control of commodity exchange from northern Italy.
André Binggeli, in examining annual fairs, associated networks and trade routes in Syria between the sixth and tenth centuries, presents literary evidence that illuminates a network of annual fairs that ranged from northern Syria to Palestine, and from Upper Mesopotamia to the Mediterranean. Although the evidence is scarce, the material that Binggeli presents attests not only to the continuation of late antique networks (287-89) for regional and interregional trade (289-95), but shows that they continued, expanded, and declined following the shift of power in the Islamic Empire (296).
Scott Redford examines trade and the economy in Antioch and Cilicia in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and suggests that "the founding of the principality of Antioch on the model of the Byzantine duchy of Antioch led to a geographical, administrative, and economic imbalance" (297). Comparing the ceramic evidence taken from Port Saint Symeon and Kinet to other centres of production, Redford concludes that there were several networks in operation in the eastern Mediterranean (305-7); he argues persuasively for a sliding scale of prices based on skill and length of production, at the local and Mediterranean-wide level.
Alan Walmsley considers regional exchange and the role of the shop in Syria-Palestine during the Byzantine and Early- Islamic periods. The first section examines pottery, coins, and their place in regional trade networks. The author suggests that these networks were the precursors of a long-distance trade that spread far beyond anything that had existed before. In the second, he considers the place of the shop in local commerce and in society generally (321-24). Finally, using a storekeeper's financial records (326-39), Walmsley convincingly argues that account-keeping in Arabic had become common practice in the region, and—more broadly—that this was one part of a process by which eastern Christianity adopted Arabic as its own, building "a new identity that was both Arab and Christian" (329-30). This reflects not only a change an economic process, but also a social transformation.
The final section of the volume—Markets and the Marketplace—begins with Luke Lavan's study of retail and regulation. Through an analysis of archaeological, architectural, epigraphic, literary, and pictorial evidence, Lavan considers stalls and shops in several major communities of the late antique period, and suggests that although there was "overwhelming continuity with the Roman past", newly-built shops reveal an expansion of these types of premises in city centres (361). He concludes that this commercialization "did not cause urban decay or a loss of monumentality" and that the process, at least in respect to the communities discussed, occurred during the fifth and sixth centuries AD. He states that the locations of market stalls were still regulated, specialized market buildings were constructed for particular traders, and that the amenity of porticoes was not disrupted.
Cécile Morrisson discusses the institutions of trade, and the transaction costs of Byzantine trade, across the early, middle, and late Byzantine periods. Considering systems of weighing, measuring, and payment through material and textual evidence, she suggests that regulating these exchanges contributed to the functioning of the market. In conclusion, Morrisson argues that markets in Byzantium benefited from a unified system of control of paying and weighing, and that the influences of this system were still felt later (397).
Brigitte Pitarakis examines the evidence for daily exchanges in the marketplace through pictorial evidence—the Megalopsychia Hunt Mosaic, the Procession of the Hodegetria in Constantinople in the narthex of the Blachernitissa at Arta, and the Protaton church on Mount Athos—and suggests that the depictions there compare favourably with archaeological evidence (407). An analysis of weighing instruments reveals little change in their form (407-10), and measures for liquids, despite retaining their shape, had different standards (412-16). Finally Pitarakis convincingly argues that the decoration of and inscriptions on weighing instruments (namely religious motifs, imperial imagery, invocations), when taken alongside the evidence for the treatment and punishments of "swindlers", were believed to protect the transactions made (416-26).
Peter Temin's summary illustrates the methods and terminology used by an economist considering markets (429-33), and describes how to test the chapters of the volume against these methods (433-35). Temin offers a critique of the volume, and its preceding conference, before providing suggestions for areas of the Byzantine economy and trade for future study (435-36).
In all, the individual chapters make up a volume of exceptional scholarship. Any scholar working on the late Roman or Byzantine economy, trade, or markets and trade networks in these periods will find several chapters here of interest and significant importance to their own studies.
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FC BATE Borisov. Winning together
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Borisov-Arena
Borisov Gorodskoi Stadium
The idea of a new stadium For BATE in Borisov has been discussed for a long time. But first it was just fans' dreams. But the breakthrough to the UEFA Champions League group stage gave reason for thinking about it seriously. BATE's performance in UEFA Europa League contributed to the aspirations of many: BATE needs a new arena, that will enable the club receive group stage matches of European Club Competitions in its native town. In December 2009 in an interview to Pressball newspaper after the away match against Everton F.C. the chairman of the club Anatoli Kapski shared his thoughts: 'In recent time we think a lot about a new stadium. Fans want to see a bigger ground in Borisov. We discussed it with town and region authorities. We plan to initiate construction of a stadium with 12-15 thousands capacity, that would give us opportunity to receive international group stage matches in Borisov. It should not be an expensive project, but modern, convenient and functional. There are enough examples in Europe. For example, Ljudski Vrt in Slovenia, stadium in Mainz, AZ Alkmaar stadium. This can also be used by the national team. I think our town deserved it.'
The idea of a new stadium united all the football-lovers of Borisov. In 2010 the work started. Borisov MPs created an initiative group and addressed the president of the country Alexander Lukashenko with an idea of building a new stadium. 'Town Stadium, in spite of UEFA license, does not meet the level that FC BATE has achieved. As a result, the club has to play its home matches in UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League group stages in Minsk in Dinamo Stadium. What is more, soon the national stadium will be closed for renovation. And in Belarus there are no good stadiums to receive matches of this rank. We think our city has deserved the right to receive group stage matches of UEFA Competitions. That's why we need a 12-15 thousand stadium. We can reconstruct the old one or build a new arena. And it is important that it meets all the UEFA criteria for games of high level. The head of the state gave the instruction to the Council of Ministers, Minsk Region Executive Committee together with Belarusian Football Federation to work through this idea and give their suggestions till 1 June 2010', - commented Vladimir Guminskiy, one of the members of the group.
Meanwhile the club started to look for an projector company. Having analised a lot of options, BATE chose for Slovenian firm Ofis arhitekti. Since 1998, when it was established, the company gained top reputation for its sports objects. The most well-known was Ljudski Vrt in Maribor. For that project the company was awarded a silver medal in IOC/IAKS contest.
In summer 2010 architects Spela Videcnik and Rok Oman finished their work on the unique stadium project. It is a purely football arena with the capacity of 12548 spectators, that meets the requirements for UEFA Category 4, that enables BATE receive not only qualifying stages of European Competitions, but also games of the group stage and knockout rounds of UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.
Total capacity includes VIP-box for more than 600 people. It will be joint with the dressing rooms by a gallery that goes round the arena. Press-box capacity can be changed depending on the demand. 144 seats will be equipped with tables, but the overall capacity can be increased up to 256.
Great attention is paid to safety and security. The design meets the requirements of UEFA and FIFA. It has enough fire exits, number of seats in any row is not more than 28.
A lot is made for spectators to feel home inside the stadium. Flexibility of the arena gives the opportunity to change the number of food and catering points as well as official merchandise outlets depending on the number of the tickets sold. Visiting fans will get to their seats through a dedicated gate.
The roof of the stadium will be covered with metal sheets from outside and with a special material that will the bearing beams but letting it the light from special lanterns hidden inside the roof. The floodlight lamps for the pitch will be in the ends of the roof.
The final aspect of the complex will have a recognizable image of the dominant facility, placed in soft greenery. The building will have its own, distinctive and modern character and will be based on environmental, user and environmentally friendly approach. Towards outside the stadium will form a unified rounded impression of a single object, which despite the fact that stadium is middle size stadium seating seems large and dominant and powerful. Internally, a rounded shape creates arena that provides good acoustics and extroversive atmosphere, which encourages during the game both, players and fans. During the training it allows introverted concentration on the game.
3.000 m2 public program is distributed in the ground floor level on the North, South and East stands. In the eastern part are restaurant and bowling. The restaurant is used during the games as a VIP-restaurant and a service elevator for catering serves the upper floor VIP lounge and the bar within the public foyer. In the southern part is public fitness/gym. Other bars are for various commercial activities. All the restaurants have separate access from the platform. Around the stadium is the pedestrian platform that embraces it as a peripheral roundabout. Out of it are parking places that are organized as pockets, hidden among the greenery. These pockets are in a time with no match used for skating, rollerblading, carting.
Officially the construction of the new stadium began 12 November 2010. The president of the country Alexander Lukashenko took part in the laying of the first brick ceremony. He highlighted important achievements of BATE on the international level. 'Your guys play really well, it is a pleasure to watch them. The team is your face, and we are to keep it', - said the head of the state.
The climax of the ceremony was laying of the capsule with a message to descendants. It was performed by Alexander Lukashenko as well as the head coach Viktar Hancharenka, team captain Dzmitry Likhtarovich and vice-captain Aliaksandr Yurevich. And younger generation was represented by Alexander Pavlovets, a pupil in Borisov Sports School.
'We hope that this stadium will become one of the favourite place of adults and children', - said the message to the descendants.
Borisov-Arena Opening Ceremony
On 1st May 2014 FC BATE Borisov players hold their first 1,5 hour training session in the new stadium and were delighted with the quality of the pitch. On 3rd May 2014 the official opening followed with a fantastic feast attended by President of the Republic of Belarus Aliaksandr Lukashenka.
The performance was followed by the first official game of the stadium in which FC Shakhtyor Soligorsk beat FC Neman Grodno in Belarusian Cup final. And in a week's time BATE played its maiden game at Borisov-Arena when the Yellow-Blues beat Slutsk 3-0.
Since that Borisov-Arena hosted numerous important sports events. It was BATE home venue for two UEFA Champions League group stage tournaments hosting games against FC Barcelona, FC Porto, Athletic Club from Bilbao, FC Shakhtar Donetsk, Bayer 04 Leverkusen, AS Roma, FK Partizan Belgrade, SK Slovan Bratislava. It is also the national stadium where Belarusian national team faced Spain, Ukraine and Slovakia in 2016 Euro qualifiers. FC Dinamo Minsk played two group stages of UEFA Europa League in 2014/15 and 2015/16, and FC Shakhtyor Soligorsk faced Zulte Waregen and PSV in UEFA Europa League qualification.
In 2015 Borisov-Arena became member of ESSMA.
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