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Mother of autistic boy thanks 'angel' nurse who came to aid during bad meltdown
Tom Flanagan
29 May 2019, 8:23 am
The mother of an autistic boy in NSW has hailed the selfless actions of a nurse who stepped in after her son became badly agitated following surgery.
Haylie Beckett took to Facebook on Wednesday to thank the member of staff at Dubbo Hospital who jumped into action when five-year-old Jace began to have an episode after surgery on his ear.
“The biggest thumbs up ever. I am beyond thankful to Dubbo Hospital but in particular an angel dressed as a nurse in day surgery,” she said.
“I was exhausted, embarrassed and very overwhelmed but you showed us so much love, understanding and support.
“I hope you know I will remember you forever.”
Ms Beckett told Yahoo News Australia she was forced to crocodile-wrestle her son during his meltdown, before the nurse’s quick actions prevented the situation from escalating.
The nurse (left) playing makeshift basketball with Jace (centre). Source: Supplied/ Haylie Beckett
“When the drugs had worn off and he could feel himself and that he was not normal, he stood up and went to run off the bed,” she recalled.
She said doctors were “freaking out” over his impulse reaction.
But just seconds later, as she struggled to contain her son, the nurse stepped in.
“This angel in a nurse’s outfit came over and just asked as we were rolling all over the floor if he was tactile,” Ms Beckett explained.
After telling the nurse he was, she rushed to an adjacent children’s ward and gathered textile toys for him.
On her return, Ms Beckett said she got on the floor and tried talking to Jace before smiling to his mother and telling her to go for a walk.
Once she had Jace’s attention, she then took a bin, removed its liner and took turns with the young boy shooting a basketball into it until he calmed down completely.
Help a first for Jace’s mother
Ms Beckett, a single mother, explained to Yahoo News Australia that times had been tough recently, and Jace’s episode at the hospital had been the worse he’d had.
Haylie Beckett pictured with her five-year-old son Jace. Source: Supplied/ Haylie Beckett
She said it was overwhelming to have a “strong woman come over and just take things into her own hands.”
“I have had people judge me, I have had people pat me on the back but I've never had someone help,” she explained.
She said as soon as the situation was taken care of, the nurse had moved on “to help the next person”.
“I will never forget her or how she made me feel, or that moment.”
Ms Beckett now hopes she and her son are able to meet up with the nurse at the hospital so they can offer their thanks in person.
You can also follow us on Facebook, download the Yahoo News app from iTunes or Google Play and stay up to date with the latest news with Yahoo’s daily newsletter. Sign up here.
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1750-hp SSC Tuatara Sets Production Car Speed Record (For Real)
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Automotive Magazine
Our Tesla Model 3 Lost 7 Percent of Battery Capacity in 24K Miles
January 13, 2021 Edgardo Gaines 0 Comments
Michael SimariCar and Driver
Battery packs in electric vehicles slowly lose capacity to store energy over time.
Our long-term Tesla Model 3 has so far lost 7 percent of its capacity over 24,000 miles.
All EVs have lengthy warranties on the battery pack to assuage buyers’ potential fear of expensive replacement costs.
Much like the little lithium-ion pack in your cell phone, the battery in an EV slowly loses its ability to store energy over time. In the case of an electric car, this degradation in its total energy capacity means that its maximum range shrinks over time. There are many factors that play into this. Some are choices by the various automakers (such as how much of the battery’s total capacity to make available; narrower swings in the state of charge are friendlier to longevity) and some based on the owner’s behavior. For example, our long-term Tesla Model 3 specifies that charging above 90 percent shouldn’t be done for daily use, only for trips, although it doesn’t explicitly say what the long-term ramifications might be for regularly going above that threshold.
We were of course curious to see how our car’s pack is faring over time, and the geektastic TeslaFi software we’ve used to track our car’s more than 24,000 miles and each of the 842 times we’ve plugged it in has an answer. (Seriously, if you have a Tesla, sign up for TeslaFi.)
TeslaFi’s battery-tracking tool puts our pack at 93 percent of its original 75.0-kWh capacity, a loss of about 22 miles of rated range from the original 310-mile EPA combined figure. This is based on the range data from the nearly 500 times we’ve charged our car to 90 percent of its capacity or above (see graph below). In cases where we charged to less than 100 percent, which is the vast majority, TeslaFi does a linear extrapolation to arrive at the predicted range at 100 percent (e.g., if the battery is charged to 90 percent and the range figure is 270 miles, the extrapolated 100 percent range figure = 270 / 0.9 = 300). Compared to 158 other Model 3s at similar mileage that are also connected to TeslaFi, our car is faring worse than 123 of them and better than 35.
We’re not too surprised that we’re doing worse than average, as fast charging at Tesla’s Superchargers is not great for maximizing the battery’s life, and we’ve gotten fully a third of the energy our car has used that way. Supercharging also costs about twice as much per kilowatt-hour of energy than charging at home.
TeslaFi
Our battery’s degradation thus far equates to a drop of roughly 2.9 percent in pack capacity every 10,000 miles, which, if it continues at this rate, would put us at 65 percent capacity at 120,000 miles. That’s under the 70-percent-capacity retention specified in Tesla’s eight-year/120,000-mile battery warranty for the Model 3 Long Range. However, Tesla makes it clear that in the case of a warranty claim, the car won’t necessarily get a new battery, but one that at least meets the minimum 70 percent threshold.
We’ll continue to watch this battery degradation trend and let you know where our pack ends up at the end of our 40,000-mile test.
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Last October, Jerod Shelby, founder and owner of SSC North America (formerly Shelby SuperCars), took a 1750-hp Tuatara hypercar to
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Tag Archives: English Conversation
Woody Allen and “Midnight in Paris” – October 5, 2015
Posted on October 5, 2015 by Georgia
For a long time I avoided Woody Allen films … they just seemed so boring to me – perhaps that was to be expected since I’d been raised on Disney and science fiction.
The first Woody Allen I saw was: “Bananas” … and I thereby decided I could do without Woody Allen (I saw it again years later and enjoyed it very much). The second was “Manhattan” – I was on an Alitalia flight doing the Atlantic crossing from New York to Rome … and fell asleep.
It wasn’t until I saw “The Purple Rose of Cairo” (1985) that I “discovered” Woody Allen. Since then I’ve seen quite a few of his films which I’ve really enjoyed especially, the aforementioned “The Purple Rose of Cairo”, “Zelig”, “Radio Days” and now “Midnight in Paris”.
What’s the common denominator of these films … I’d say nostalgia and wanting to be “elsewhere” or someone else.
Midnight in Paris is the story of a Californian screenwriter, Gil Pender who has a prospering career in Hollywood and a beautiful fiancée Inez. He and his future wife are vacationing in Paris, a trip paid for by Inez’s wealthy conservative parents, who are also accompanying the young people.
We immediately get the impression that he’s doesn’t feel creatively fulfilled with his successful career and would, like many writers, like to publish his first “novel” (the story he’s written is about a man fascinated with memorabilia – which he’s completed but is unsure whether to present it for publication). He keeps throwing around the idea of moving permanently to Paris and write rather in the more stimulating atmosphere of that city rather than return to the Malibu But Inez who is very materialistic and attached to her way of life, categorically refuses to even consider giving up her comfy life in the U.S. to share the Bohemian existence of a “starving writer’s” life.
The character of Gil Pender is a figure we’ve met often in Woody Allen films (both in female roles as well as roles Allan has interpreted): the shy, insecure intelligent person with a vague ambition of “going somewhere” … without exactly knowing where. Gil Pender in particular would like to have lived in the glorious past of the roaring twenties. One evening, Gil while at a party with Inez and her pedantic friend Paul (whom Inez admires very much) and Paul’s wife, drinks too much wine. While the other three decide to go dancing, he decides to go for a quiet walk alone. During his evening promenade he is approached by a Peugeot Type 176 car whose occupants invite him to come with them to a party and finds himself rubbing elbows with his literary heroes in the Paris of the twenties.
As a point of interest, Allen wrote the screenplay employing a reverse approach – he started with his title “Midnight in Paris” and went from there. He’d conceived Gil Pender as a New England intellectual (a Woody Allen alter-ego), until he began taking into consideration Owen Wilson for the part: “I thought Owen would be charming and funny but my fear was that he was not so eastern at all in his persona,” says Allen. Rewriting the scenes he wrote Gil Pender as a Californian, which worked very well. A. O. Scott of The New York Times commented on Owen Wilson’s success at playing the Woody Allen persona stating that the film is “marvellously romantic” and credibly blends “whimsy and wisdom”.
This was Allen’s first film completely shot on location in Paris … from the first clips of the film, three and a half minutes of “post card” shots of Paris, with that historical great musical piece “Si tu vois ma mère” by Sidney Bechet – we know we’re in for magic. And what about the magical aspect of”Midnight in Paris” compared to “The Purple Rose of Cairo”. The magical events of both films is never explained but are just accepted as being somehow part of reality. David Edelstein, New York, commended this approach, since “the sci-fi wheels and pulleys … tend to suck up so much screen time in time-travel movies.” Edelstein goes on to applaud the film stating that, “this supernatural comedy isn’t just Allen’s best film in more than a decade; it’s the only one that manages to rise above its tidy parable structure and be easy, graceful, and glancingly funny, as if buoyed by its befuddled hero’s enchantment.” (Edelstein, D. “It’s a Good Woody Allen Movie”, New York. Retrieved October 2, 2011.)
Posted in About Films and Books | Tagged English Conversation, Midnight in Paris, reflections, Woody Allen Owen Wilson | 21 Replies
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Business COVID-19 Entrepreneur Food & Drink Opinion Print
OPINION: How to Take a Ghost Kitchen Approach Without Turning Your Brand Into a Ghost
David Segal 18 December, 2020
I can’t imagine not being an entrepreneur. Developing business ideas—and then turning those ideas into living, breathing brands—is how I’ve spent my entire career. And as anyone who has launched their own business knows, the highs of entrepreneurship can be amazingly high. I’ll never forget the feeling of standing on the NASDAQ stage as the trading bell rang on the day DAVIDsTEA went public, or the line-up of people around the block on opening day at the first Mad Radish location in Ottawa.
But those high highs of course come with low lows. And it’s no secret that running a restaurant brand during a global health pandemic has brought plenty of those. We’ve shuttered our stores, laid off staff, and watched both revenue and profits plummet as Canadians shelter in place. Like everyone in the restaurant industry, we’ve been forced to rethink everything about our brand to keep our business running and set us up to thrive over the long-term. We’ve had to take a few very deep breaths, a big step back, and asked ourselves: what does the future of foodservice look like?
Here’s how I see it.
Of course, the pandemic has changed a lot. There’s no question that 2020 has accelerated significant shifts in both consumer expectations and behaviour. We, as a restaurant industry, need to adapt. We already know how the pandemic has sped up the rate of digital disruption but it’s important to look at how quickly consumers have become accustomed to getting what they want when, where, and how they want it, whether it’s delivered to your door, for pick-up by appointment, through contactless pick-up, or via an in-store experience. To put it another way, we’ve very rapidly become very intolerant of inconvenience.
RELATED: Out of Work? The Help List Just Created A Centralized Database to Help with Coronavirus-Related Job Losses
The pandemic hasn’t changed everything. A lot of people are talking about the “fundamental shifts” that have taken place in society over the course of 2020. However, some very basic truths aren’t going away: humans crave connection. Being physically together with real people drives creativity, ingenuity, and happiness. You only need to look at all of the small and large ways that people have been fighting back against isolation over this year to see this reality reflected back to us. The restaurant industry needs to be a hub for those connections when the world is ready. The completely “virtual” restaurants that we’re seeing pop-up across the country may drive short-term financial returns, but they won’t build a long-term emotional connection with Canadians.
That said, it’s clear that restaurants need to better balance their distribution mix, moving from being primarily physical experiences (with delivery or take-out often an afterthought) to being able to offer great-tasting food to people where and how they want it. We need to be able to provide a great in-restaurant experience for when people can and will come back. But we also need to provide an equally great at-home experience. Throwing a meal designed to be eaten at a restaurant into a box and sending it on a 20-minute bike ride just isn’t going to work anymore.
We also need to protect the long-term financial health of our businesses. It has always been more profitable to serve someone in a restaurant than to bring the food to them at home. And so, as our business models adjust, we need to change our financial structures by offsetting some of the increased costs of distribution or increasing the amount of revenue we’re able to generate from a single location.
At Mad Radish, we’ve leaned into these new realities by expanding our business into a family of gourmet fast-food brands that operate out of Mad Radish locations. Since the pandemic started, we’ve introduced Luisa’s Burritos (hand-crafted burritos with fresh, internationally-inspired ingredients and big, bold flavour) and Revival Pizza (a modern and creative twist on the ultimate comfort food), and we’ve launched them out of our existing Mad Radish locations. We’ve combined the best elements of a typical ‘ghost kitchen’—a professional kitchen used to prepare delivery-only meals—with the functionality of a customer-facing restaurant. And we’re making all three brands available on a single order through the Mad Radish app. It’s a model that we think has incredible potential for the world we live in today and the world we hope we’re going to see in the coming months.
RELATED: 16 Business Resources You Should Know About During the Pandemic
The ghost kitchen model is a unique one, and it offers three key benefits.
First, this structure has enabled us to expand the breadth of our offerings while still maintaining the integrity of our original Mad Radish brand—after all, a restaurant founded on the offer of healthy food for busy people may not be your go-to for a Friday night pizza. While each brand shares a common food philosophy, they can focus on doing one thing really well.
Second, a ghost kitchen allows us to expand the digital footprint of our restaurants, as Canadians increasingly seek their meal ideas on third-party platforms. Searching for a great burrito? Up comes Luisa’s. Scrolling pizza options? Here’s Revival, ready to take your order.
And finally, we’ve been amazed to see how quickly our family of brands has become greater than the sum of its parts. Because our brands support each other publicly, we build immediate trust among our customers. Mad Radish fans know they’re going to get a great pizza from Revival because they already believe in our commitment to fresh, quality ingredients and bold, original flavours.
“Never waste a good crisis,” as Churchill’s famous quote implores. We see a future for this industry that builds on some of the biggest shifts this pandemic has wrought, but that doesn’t forget who we are and why restaurants exist. That leverages existing infrastructure to offer more food options to more people, but without turning restaurants into nameless, faceless buttons on an app. And that pulls from the very best ghost kitchen thinking, without turning our brands into ghosts.
David Segal founded DAVIDsTea, a company he left in 2018 to start Mad Radish, a chain of gourmet fast-food brands that today includes Mad Radish, Luisa’s Burritos & Bowls and Revival Pizza. There are six Mad Radish locations in Toronto and Ottawa.
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Home News Redmi K30 With Dual-Mode 5G to Launch Next Month, Confirms Lei Jun
Redmi K30 With Dual-Mode 5G to Launch Next Month, Confirms Lei Jun
Kishalaya Kundu -
Kishalaya Kundu
Last Updated: November 19, 2019 1:59 pm
At the Xiaomi Developers’ Conference in Beijing earlier today, the company’s co-founder and CEO, Lei Jun, announced that the Redmi K30 with dual-mode (SA + NSA) 5G support will be launched next month. Confusingly, Jun’s announcement comes just a few days after Redmi General Manager, Lu Weibing, hinted that contrary to earlier reports, the Redmi K30 might launch in January 2020 instead of December 2019.
It’s not immediately clear if one of them was talking about the K30 Pro instead of the standard K30, but either way, it promises to be the first dual-mode 5G handset from Xiaomi. The company has already launched a couple of 5G-enabled handsets in China, and is believed to be planning to launch more such devices going forward. The company had earlier announced that the Redmi K30 will ship with 5G connectivity as part of its plans to launch at least 10 5G smartphones next year.
Meanwhile, in case you’re wondering about further info on the K30 (or K30 Pro), Jun didn’t reveal anything about its tech specs or pricing details at the event, but the announcement seems to have further confirmed that the company is investing heavily in 5G technology for the coming years. However, given that the status of 5G networks in India is still in limbo, it will be interesting to see if the company will bring its 5G devices to the country any time soon.
Lei Jun last week announced that all Xiaomi devices to be launched next year at a price-point of 2,000 yuan (around $285 / Rs. 20,000) or above will come with 5G connectivity. The announcement was made at an event hosted by China Mobile, which recently announced plans to roll out the biggest 5G network in the world, covering more than a billion people across China.
Featured Image Courtesy: Anzhuo
VIAGizmoChina
SOURCEAnzhuo (Chinese)
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Redmi K30 Will Also Have a 4G Variant, Confirms Xiaomi
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Affiliate & Privacy Policy
Fatboy Cooler Review – A Fresh Brand with a Fresh Perspective
ByGreg
Affiliate Disclosure: Some of the links in this post may be affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. Learn more here.
Hello there! Bestcooler.reviews‘ team is back again with another cooler brand to talk about. Today, we’ll be looking at Fatboy Coolers.
Now, I find the name interesting. After all, most cooler brands have names that you can almost immediately figure out the inspiration behind. Take Yeti, for instance: The Yeti, also known as The Abominable Snowman, is a mythical creature known for living in predominantly cold and snowy areas. That would be an appropriate name for a cooler brand.
The orca, also known as the killer whale, is a dolphin-like sea mammal that lives in predominantly cool waters. That is also an appropriate name for a cooler brand (ORCA Coolers).
It’s not always about the cold though. Kong coolers are named after the King Kong because they’re supposed to be tough. Pelican coolers are part of the broader product offering by Pelican, so they just had to take on the family name. Fatboy, however, I cannot explain for the life of me. Now, I won’t try to speculate on why these coolers are called Fatboy coolers, but I will say it sounds (and looks) pretty darn cool!
That said, there isn’t much to be said about the people behind this cooler. Their website doesn’t have an ‘About Us’ section and there’s a dearth of information on the internet about the founders. This company, however, has racked up quite a good reputation since its inception in 2016. So, while this would be a red flag under different circumstances, it doesn’t really matter right now.
I’ll give the cooler props for the little things it includes. The features aren’t grand or absolutely next-level, but they’re really thoughtful. From the vacuum press to the specially designed drain plug, you’ll feel taken care of by this cooler.
It’s almost like they don’t want you to do any work because they’ve already done a lot for you. Almost like they’re encouraging you to be sedentary… like a… Fat boy… Anyway, let’s not get carried away. We’ll get straight into the details of this awesomely designed (and named) cooler!
Fatboy Coolers Compared
The table below shows a lineup of Fatboy Coolers roto-molded ice chests with all necessary pieces of information in one place. Later on, you will get detailed review including design and features, so that way you can make an informed decision when you make your purchase!
item-title Fatboy 20QT Fatboy 45QT Fatboy 75QT Fatboy 70QT Wheeled Fatboy 110QT
to-center
to-center Capacity
20 quarts
5 gallons
24 cans
20 lbs of Ice Capacity
11.25 gallons
18.75 gallon
110 quarts
130 cans
100 lbs of Ice
to-center Ice Retention
6 days Ice Retention
9+ days Ice Retention
to-center Exterior (WxDxH)
19.5" x 13" x 15" Exterior (WxDxH)
26.5" x 16" x 16.5" Exterior (WxDxH)
33.5" x 17.5" x 18" Exterior (WxDxH)
to-center Weight
14.5 lbs Weight
25 lbs Weight
31.30 lbs. Weight
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at Amazon Check Price
at Amazon Currently Unavailable
Fatboy Ice Chest Review
Okay, so here’s where we get down to action. This cooler looks like your average cooler from afar, but upon taking a closer look you quickly learn that it’s anything but average.
One of Fatboy’s strongest bragging points when it comes to their hard coolers is the fact that they’re rotomolded. In fact, I think this cooler nails the whole roto-molded construction so well that I’m going to give you a bit of an in-depth explanation of what, exactly, roto-molded means.
Roto-molding, also known as rotational molding, a kind of process used to form plastic. It is characterized by high temperatures, low pressures and, as we’ll see in a bit, rotation that helps to achieve the one-piece body. Fatboy uses this method and it is what makes their hard coolers so strong and durable.
Plus, a one-piece construction dramatically increases ice retention times, making them hold ice for longer than coolers that were made from other plastic forming processes.
TIP: Here are some premium roto-molded coolers reviewed by us.
The life of a Fatboy cooler begins as a mold which is loaded with a powdered form of polyethylene. It is then heated in a large oven, all the while being rotated along two axes (bi-axial rotation). That rotation is what makes roto-molded coolers so strong.
It allows the plastic to spread evenly throughout the mold, ensuring consistent thickness in the walls and stress-free corners that are very strong. Once the polyethylene has adhered to the mold, the mold is removed from the oven and allowed to cool. The Fatboy cooler body is then removed from the mold and finally ready for more processing.
The Fatboy cooler body at this point is still nothing more than a hollow piece of plastic. A good looking one, of course, but not much beyond that. The cooler core is lined with insulating foam, which is what helps keep the internal temperatures consistent for up to 10 days.
The beauty of roto-molding is that the cooler is constructed as one piece. It doesn’t consist of many parts attached to each other, which can allow air through and cause inconsistent internal temperatures. Fragmented construction also leaves the body prone to damage since now it’s only as strong as its joints, no matter how strong the individual parts are. Roto-molded coolers are at once both strong and durable and will keep your ice cold a lot longer.
That said we like the strength on this cooler. We tried to perform a drop-test on it from about 20 feet and couldn’t find as much as a scratch. Okay, maybe one scratch, but we had to look really hard.
When it comes to features, there are a lot of things we loved about this cooler. Let’s start with the lid. It is slip resistant (10) and holds well in place.
One of the problems we have with other coolers is how you have to rest the lid against something when you open it to stop it from slamming shut. More often than not you’ll have to hold it with your hand when rummaging for something deep in the chest. Not so with the Fatboy cooler. It stays in place and requires a bit of force to swing open and shut.
We also love the T-rex latches (2). They are industrial grade latches that hold the cooler tightly shut. With other coolers, the latches can feel pretty loose and might have a tendency to come off too easily.
This becomes a problem when you load the cooler in the back of your truck and then take it for a bumpy ride. You get to your destination and realize your cooler latches came undone somewhere on the way and all of your ice has melted. You won’t have that problem with the latches on your Fatboy.
We also love the handles (5) on the Fatboy. They’re made out of Polyethylene and are removable. A lot of cooler brands boast about their nylon rope handles and how strong they are. Well, we actually compared the handles on the Fatboy to those on some other coolers, such as the RTIC, and they feel as strong and as easy to remove as in the case of RTIC. These things should last you a lifetime.
We couldn’t get enough of the corners you could lock. If you don’t want unauthorized people, or animals, getting into your Fatboy ice chest, then you’re going to love the fact that you can slap a padlock on the lockable corners (4) and walk aware feeling secure. On top of that, the front corners also double as bottle openers (1).
Other features we really appreciated were the non-skid bottom feets (9), the molded ruler (7) on the top, the drain plug, and the vacuum release. I’ll talk about these last two in depth.
Let’s start with the drain plug (6). Again, something I don’t like about many cooler brands is the small drain. You have to wait an unimaginable length of time just to drain the water out. As if that’s not enough, you also risk losing the plug on most coolers because that’s really all it is; a plug.
With the Fatboy, it’s much different. To begin, the plug is tethered to the cooler by a stainless steel chain. That means that when you unwind it you can leave it hanging there and don’t have to worry about losing it. That’s a plus in our book.
There’s another great advantage with the Fatboy drain. It comes in two levels. You can remove the top plug, which is shaped like your regular garden hose, for a slow and high-pressure drain. At that level, the hole is about the same diameter as in just about every other cooler.
You can go a step further and remove the second lid as well, revealing the full drain hall. This hall is a lot wider than the average 1-inch drain hall that you’ll find on other coolers. It’s about an inch and a half in diameter. That means you water rains much faster. But it doesn’t end there.
As if a great wide drain isn’t enough, Fatboy went further and added a vacuum release button (3). When you try to drain water out of a cooler, air forces the water to come out in spurts and bursts. This makes for slow drainage.
With the Fatboy, you get a vacuum release button that lets the air in via a different passage so the water can come out more smoothly. As a result, it drains much quicker. I really feel like this double feature is just about the coup dé grace that Fatboy deals on quite many other coolers.
Finally, we look at the ice chest itself. In the lid alone you find an industrial grade gasket (11) that helps to keep all that temperature, or lack of it, on the inside of your cooler where it belongs. Inside the ice chest, you get two trays where you can place various things.
These help you separate stuff from the ice, such as meat and fish. You also get a cutting board that acts as a divider, cutting the chest into two down the middle. On the sides are two cup and bottle holders for any extra drinks you might want on the outside of the cooler.
Fatboy Coolers Key Features
Quick drain – easy open button
Dual stainless steel bottle openers / locks
Dual Rubber T Latches
Textured slip resistant lid
Fish ruler molded into the lid
Rubber freezer grade gasket
Four non slip feet (9r)
2 piece drain plug system with chain tether
Food grade interior
Dry Ice compatible
Molded-in tie-down slots
Ice Retention
When it comes to ice retention, Fatboy coolers try very hard.
The largest one, the 75 quart one, can hold ice for up to 8-10 days, depending on conditions like weather, temperature etc. That’s pretty good for a cooler that not many people know about.
The smallest one, the 20 quart one, will just about get to 7 days and call it quits. That’s still not too bad although in practice we think you'll be closer to 5 days (it's still more than enough in most use cases)
To wrap up, this cooler should be okay for trips into the wilderness, or elsewhere, that doesn’t go past a week. Just fill it with ice, consider adding some good cooler ice packs to gain a little more of ice retention time and take it with you into the wild.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlZMkNCWgvw
Video can't be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: Fatboy Coolers Ice Retention Color Testing (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlZMkNCWgvw)
Fatboy coolers come in 5 sizes. For most entry-level coolers that we reviewed this year, there are usually 3 sizes. We always have to rationalize it by saying the ranges are good enough that you’ll find what you’re looking for in one of the 3 sizes offered so it’s okay that there are only 3 sizes offered.
We don’t have to say that this time, and I’m glad Fatboy went the extra mile to make sure there was enough variety as far as sizes were concerned that everyone could truly find what they were looking for.
The sizes are:
the 20-quart cooler
the 70-quart cooler with wheels
and the 110-quart cooler.
Here is another area where Fatboy didn’t skimp on variety. Fatboy coolers come in 5 color options: sand, light blue, green, white, pink, and a special edition camo version.
Here you might be slightly disappointed. At least I know I was. The warranty on a Fatboy hard cooler is 5 years from the date of manufacture. As for the parts and accessories, the warranty is only 90 days.
I have a feeling this has something to do with the fact that Fatboy coolers aren’t made in America. The parent company instead outsources their manufacture to a factory in China.
I guess that they can’t fully guarantee quality because of that. If I were to pick a con for Fatboy coolers, this would be it since many other brands (like Siberian or Pelican) offer lifetime warranties on their coolers, albeit limited.
Fatboy coolers are perfect for tailgating, camping, and fishing. You can take them hiking, carry them to work on a hot day, and just about everything in between.
With this cooler, what matters isn’t the intensity of the activity, it’s the duration. As long as you won’t be out there for more than a week, you can rely on this cooler to keep your ice icy. Anything past 10 days and you’re basically carrying a bucket of water.
Fatboy FatPack Backpack
Fatboy isn’t a brand known just for making good hard coolers; they make pretty neat soft coolers as well. Here we’ve got the original Fatboy FatPack backpack cooler and the Fatboy FatPack HD cooler.
Both were designed and developed to appeal to people looking for something that was both affordable and durable in the face of continued use in the harshest of conditions.
We're yet to full review Fatboy's cooler backpack so stay tuned for updates to this post, but here's the sneak peak of what it offers:
The Fatboy FatPack backpack comes with a bottom reinforced with EVA and an outer shell made out of canvas-like TPU. The waterproof layers also hold between them half an inch of high quality trademarked Blubber foam to keep everything cool, dry and safe.
The insulation is pretty good because it maintains temperature very well when combined with ice. We also like the fact that the blubber also protects your gear, such as your phones, tablets, cameras, and so on.
The waterproof integrity on the Fatboy FatPack means it can float very easily when you go kayaking and will not be damaged when submerged underwater or placed in shallow water. Be careful, though, don’t keep it submerged for too long or submerged in water more than 3 feet deep as it’s only built to deal with water under a certain level of pressure.
The straps are well padded for full comfort when you’ve got a heavy load. As if that’s not enough, they threw in a chest strap for good measure.
Fatboy vs. Yeti
Fatboy is a recent player in the market, having begun operations in 2016 and is relatively unknown. Meanwhile, Yeti have made quite a name for themselves in the industry and are known for delivering the highest quality coolers.
When it comes to durability, both Fatboy and Yeti are pretty durable and tough, though Yeti is certified bear-proof while Fatboy apparently isn’t. With Fatboy’s lockable corners, however, you probably won’t have to worry about any critters gaining access to your ice chest.
Fatboy is actually one of the rare examples of coolers out there that can match Yeti when it comes to variety in their offering with the many size and color options that they offer. You’ll likely be able to find a Fatboy that meets your needs just as easily as you’ll find a Yeti.
The Yeti is more easily customizable, due to the abundance of third-party vendors selling customization accessories made especially for Yeti, like the stickers & decals, wheels etc.
The Yeti also has better ice retention capabilities. I still think the Fatboy is good enough for most purposes, however, when it comes to ice retention Yeti seems to have an edge with their close to 3″ insulation.
Fatboy Coolers vs. Yeti: The Verdict
Yeti, of course, will always be Yeti. If you’re a die-hard fan, or only want to go for the tried and true, then, by all means, get yourself a Yeti. However, if you’re willing to try something new for a change, we think the Fatboy will give you great value for money.
Where can you buy Fatboy Coolers?
Fatboy coolers can be bought at lots of places online, including their own website. We, however, recommend that you make your purchase at Amazon.
Amazon offers a wealth of advantages over other places. For starters, you get to read real-life reviews by other customers who have tried out the product before you. This will aid you in making a better decision about your purchase.
Also, you’re fully protected and can return the product if you don’t like it and get a refund. You also get perks, such as free shipping if you’re a Prime member and many others.
Check Fatboy coolers at Amazon >>
Fatboy Cooler – Bottom Line
Fatboy Coolers are among the new kids on the block. As obvious underdogs, I think they try pretty hard and actually do a pretty good job at differentiating themselves from the competition.
Their great features more than makeup for their weak points. If you want something new and are looking for great value, then you’ll absolutely love these coolers.
Fatboy Cooler Rating
Fatboy Coolers, although not yet widely recognized, are surprisingly well made and offer plenty of features for the money. If you want something new and are looking for great value, then you’ll absolutely love their coolers.
2.9 (99 votes)
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Greg’s a co-founder of bestcooler.reviews and author of 100+ product reviews and comparisons on this website. When not at work, Greg’s an avid sportsman who enjoys running marathons, loves snowboarding, hiking and discovering new single tracks on his bike.
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50 Fun and Fantastic Games to Boost Homeschool History
As an adult, history has become one of my favorite subjects, and I'm always amazed by all the new things I learn. However, not all children have the same love of history as their homeschooling moms, but that's okay. There are so many ways we can make history exciting, and one of of the quickest ways to make it fun is through history games.
From Archaeology to World War II, there is a game that will make history tangible in a way books never can. So on the next rainy afternoon when you all need a break, find a new history game to take your gameschool to a new level.
This post contains affiliate links, you can find my disclosure policy here.
The Wide Sweep of History
First, let's start with the games that provide a look at the broad sweep of history. These are games that focus on the big picture of history or archaeology.
Timeline Classic is one of our favorite games, and I was worried it would lose its play value after just a few games, but it can still throw us for a loop even after many plays. There are other versions such as Timeline Inventions and Timeline Events that would be great additions to your game rotation.
The Brain Box World History Game is another game which has a focus on the significant inventions and monuments in world history. This is so much more than a board game. The primary way to play is as a concentration type of game where everyone must study the card and then see who can recall the most facts from memory. However, these are such great cards, packed with information, and you could use these as sources of copywork or facts for notebooking.
, you command the great empires of history and compete by best utilizing your civilizations unique characteristics. What a terrific way to learn about the rise and fall of histories great empires.
Additional games, in this category are Archaeology and Queen of Thebes, which both have an archaeological theme, as well as World Monuments, in which you are the master builders of some of the world's greatest structures.
History Games for Studying Ancient Times
Now that we've looked at some games that cover history with a broad brush, let's narrow down our focus and see what fun we can find for our ancient history studies.
There are a few games that cover the whole of ancient civilization and make a great introduction to the entire ancient world. Here are some interesting ones to consider:
Professor Noggin's Wonders of the World
Professor Noggin's Ancient Civilizations
Next up is Ancient Egypt with games such as Imhotep and Heir of Egypt. In Imhotep, you are battling to be the greatest builder and complete the construction of the Pyramids. It take strategy and luck, but someone will be Imhotep.
Heir of Egypt is a face paced card game that is based on the hierarchy and mythology of Ancient Egypt. There are different levels of the game to play, so once you master the basics, you can make it more difficult (and educational) by focusing more on the mythology of Ancient Egypt. For the younger kids, Ancient Egypt Go Fish is a great game that is easy to play but will easily introduce them to the art of Ancient Egypt.
Battle Line is next on the list as we move to Ancient Greece and Rome. Battle Line is a strategic card game that's theme is based upon Alexander the Great. This is a game that can be played with only two players, which is a bonus for some families with children that aren't as fond of games.
When studying Ancient Rome, there are a few fun games that will make history a little more interesting. First is Neptun, which focuses on the Mediterranean Sea and Roman merchants. As a merchant, you deliver goods to temples and cities along the Mediterranean coast.
Julius Caesar is the next game with a focus on the Roman Civil War 49-45 BC. Will Rome become a republic or an empire? From Cleopatra to Brutus, the notable players all make an appearance in this dramatic game.
The perfect follow-up game to Julius Caesar is The Rise of Augustus. Who would like to be Consul of Rome? In this game you mobilize you legions to gain control of the empire and the senators so that you can be crowed Emperor of the Roman Empire.
Medieval Games for Your Kings and Queens
Next up, the Middle Ages!
The first game on my list would be Professor Noggin's Medieval Times game. I have these listed in almost every category because they are more than just a game to play. The cards have three questions with increasing levels of difficulty. These would be great to use during morning time as a question of the day.
Next up are the fun castle themed games, since most children love stories and play about kings, queens, and knights.
My First Castle Panic
Castle Keep
Shadows Over Camelot
Another game with the Medieval knight theme is Carcassonne. This game is a tile laying game in which you fill in the countryside outside a fortified city. I love that this is a fairly quick game for two to five players. We love some of more in depth games, but we don't always have that much time.
Pillars of the Earth isn't a castle themed game, but a game inspired by Ken Follett's book by the same name. In this game you are building a cathedral in England at the beginning of the 12th century. This is the perfect game when you are learning about these churches that so many lovingly labored on their entire lives without ever seeing the completion.
Cathedral is another medieval themed strategy game. It is a two player game where the goal is to acquire the most land within a walled city.
Finally, Kashgar is a quick playing card game with a focus on spice trading along the Silk Road. Everyone has a caravan traveling from Asia to Europe.
Enlightenment and Exploration History Through Games
As we move through history, we now arrive at the Age of Enlightenment and Exploration. Whether we're studying pirates, inventors, or exploration, there is a game that will bring those ideas to life.
First, we start with Go Fish! for Renaissance Artists. Not exactly the enlightenment period, but certainly a precursor.
Next, we have our games of exploration and expansion. There are several that have this theme:
Empires Age of Discovery
Settlers of Catan Jr.
What goes hand in hand with exploration? Pirates!
Jolly Roger is a game of piracy and mutiny. If you don't like the captain, stage a mutiny and become the richest pirate in Tortuga.
For more plundering fun, try Loot: The Pirate Plundering Game. Your goal is to storm your opponents merchant ships, seize their treasure, and rule the high seas.
Lastly, we take a look at inventors. Some of these would cross over to the modern era, and could also be included with your science studies. Newton is a game where the players are scientists in the 18th century who travel throughout Europe in search of scientific advancement and immortality.
In Legendary Inventors, each player recruits the ultimate scientific team gathering inventors throughout time. Each team battles to patent new creations.
Modern and American History Gameschooling
Finally we come to Modern and American history games that everyone will love.
First, I have my beloved Professor Noggin games. These can be played as intended, but the cards can serve so many more purposes in your homeschool.
History of the United States
When focusing on Colonial American history, Made for Trade is the perfect game. This game gives your a glimpse into colonial life as well as learning about bartering and economics.
Westward expansion and developments in transportation are the focus of the next three games:
Finally, we'll finish this list off with some games that focus on the 20th century, and particularly World War II. Axis and Allies is a battle between the five major forces of the Second Word War. Memoir '44 is also a World War II game with a focus on actual battles of the war.
Finally, we have The Manhattan Project which focuses on energy and resource management in the later 20th century.
Use Games to Bring History to Life
Fortunately, we can learn and experience history in so many ways. With books, field trips, and documentaries, you're sure to find numerous way to enjoy history.
However, adding games to your homeschool routine can give you the spark you need to ignite curiosity in your children.
Follow me on Pinterest for more life learning and homeschool ideas!
Is that game cabinet a little overwhelming and you're not sure where to start? Download my Gameschool Inventory and Log printable to get you gameschool organized.
100 of the Best Life Learning Tips That Will Inspire…
10 Easy Ways to Bring the World of Art to Life and Why
5 Simple Ways to Homeschool History Textbook Free
How to Homeschool Math Without a Curriculum (12 of…
By Bethany Ishee | Filed under Uncategorized
About Bethany Ishee
Bethany is the mom of six, always-homeschooled children, who one day realized she'd lost herself in the process, probably under a pile of laundry. Her eclectic style of homeschooling draws upon Classical to Unschooling and everything in between. While homeschooling her children and writing about learning outside of school, she tries to find time to read a book, drink coffee, and pay the bills. View all posts by Bethany Ishee
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Spied – New Volkswagen Touareg undergoing final rounds of testing (video)
Mohammed Asrar February 11, 2012 Spyshots, Upcoming Cars, Volkswagen No Comments
The German automobile giant, Volkswagen is carrying out final tests of its SUV new Volkswagen Touareg in India before it is finally launched in the country soon. Notably, VW has already unveiled the new Touareg at the Auto Expo held in New Delhi last month and the Indian car industry is expecting the new Touareg launch anytime from now. The Rs 51 lakh SUV has stunning features of a robust SUV and the car has been acclaimed among best SUVs of the world. It is a close rival of Volvo XC60, Porsche Cayenne, BMW X5 and Mercedes M Class and GL Class. The new version of VW Touareg has been caught testing in Delhi by IndianAutosBlog reader Lakshay Mohan Gupta earlier this week.
It has been quite long now that reports of the new Touareg launching in India were around. However, the spy shots have started emerging recently which means that the car is nearing its launch. Also, VW has also invited some auto paparazzi to have an inside out test of the off road capabilities of the VW SUV in India. Though the launch was quite anticipated at the Auto Expo but somehow VW deferred its launch in India and had only unveiled it in India at that time. Though better late than never, the new Touareg is expected to land in India with a new V6 engine and is expected to start at just Rs 42 lakh which is less than the current price of the car. Besides, the new Touareg will continue to be brought to India through the completely built up car route and VW seems to have no plans as of yet to change it to the completely knocked down route.
Similarly, sensing the not so promising sales of this car, the VW dealers have reportedly asked the company to price the five seater version of the new Touareg quite attractively so that it can outshine its rivals. Currently, the Touareg is powered by a 3L V6 turbo diesel engine and has a maximum power of 240bhp and a peak torque of 550Nm which is quite enough for a SUV of this size.
Also see – New 2012 Volkswagen Touareg SUV more details revealed
See the spied video of New Volkswagen Touareg –
Source – IndianAutosBlog
Toyota dropped another teaser image of Furia Concept
Could these be one of the finalized names for the Datsun’s K2?
Spied – Mahindra XUV500 Inside out! (Updated)
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Web of the Big Damn Spider
curating the cobwebbed corners of the cinema
Big Damn Spiders
HubrisWeen
Ray Milland Project
Roundtable Reviews
Archive | Puppet RSS for this section
in Big Damn Spider, Contamination, Just One, Thanks, No Damn Reason, Puppet, Spider Sighting
Monster Island (2004)
Directed by Jack Perez
Written by Adam Glass and Jack Perez
Starring Daniel Letterle, Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Chelan Simmons, Carmen Electra, Adam West, C. Ernst Harth, Alana Husband, La La Anthony, and Nick Carter
The horror movies of the 1950s have a certain cachet, not as exemplary films but as enjoyably cheesy. It’s a nostalgia thing, and it’s no surprise that filmmakers like Larry Blamire have used that as inspiration for their own efforts. Capturing that feeling of how we think movies were is a delicate task, and what is intended as homage can come of as misinformed, disingenuous, and cynical. By way of example, I give you the MTV production, Monster Island .
in Big Damn Spider, Just One, Thanks, Naturally Occurring, No Damn Reason, Puppet
Fury of the Congo (1951)
Directed by William Berke
Written by Carroll Young
Starring Johnny Weissmuller, Sherry Moreland, William Henry, Lyle Talbot, Joel Friedkin, and George Eldredge
Odds are that if you know about Johnny Weissmuller at all, you know him as an actor who played Tarzan. Maybe you even know about his pockets full of Olympic gold and record-setting competitive swimming career. If you read my last review, you also know he faced a giant spider in Tarzan’s Desert Mystery . Well, my friends, today you’ll learn about his second encounter with a big damn spider, as Jungle Jim in Fury of the Congo .
in Giant Effing Spider, Just One, Thanks, Naturally Occurring, No Damn Reason, Puppet
Tarzan’s Desert Mystery (1943)
Directed by Wilhelm Thiele
Written by Edward T. Lowe Jr. from a story by Carrol Young
Based on characters by Edgar Rice Burroughs
Starring Johnny Weissmuller, Nancy Kelly, Johnny Sheffield, Otto Kruger, Joe Sawyer, Lloyd Corrigan, and Robert Lowery
There are movie series that feature giant spiders in recurring roles. With heavy-continuity franchises like Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings, it can be tricky to figure out how to handle the review. It’s a lot easier with the Johnny Weissmuller Tarzan films, which are largely unconnected apart from basic character facts. For the 8th installment, Tarzan’s Desert Mystery, all you need to know is that there’s a guy named Tarzan (Weissmuller) who wears a buttflap. He has a son named Boy (Johnny Sheffield), who is also averse to clothing. Forget about Jane. She’s in England, helping out by working as a nurse.
in As Big As Me, I Swear, Central to the Plot, Just One, Thanks, Puppet, Spider Sighting
Curse of the Black Widow (1977)
Directed by Dan Curtis
Written by Robert Blees and Earl W. Wallace
Starring Anthony Franciosa, Donna Mills, Patty Duke, June Lockhart, June Allyson, Max Gail, Jeff Corey, Sid Caesar, and Vic Morrow
In the annals of Western cinema there are many monsters that take a human form, revealing their true nature only to kill. Perhaps the most tragic is the werewolf. Victim of a communicable curse, the lycanthrope is an unwilling servant of evil chained to the lunar cycle. But there are other beasts whose transformations are tied to the Moon: weremoths, werepanthers, and in Curse of the Black Widow a werespider.
in As Big As Me, I Swear, Central to the Plot, CGI Spider, Just One, Thanks, Not of This World, Puppet, Spider Sighting
Arachnid (2001)
Directed by Jack Sholder
Written by Mark Sevi
Starring Chris Potter, Alex Reid, José Sancho, Neus Asensi, Ravil Isyanov, and Luis Lorenzo Crespo
It feels like most of the time we see giant spiders in the wild, they’re in caves. Certainly when they’re the focus of the plot, they’re in or approaching population centers. The one in Arachnid is an outlier in a number of respects, but primarily for spending the entire film on a tropical island.
in As Big As Me, I Swear, Big Damn Spider, Central to the Plot, CGI Spider, Genetic Tampering, Giant Effing Spider, Only a Few, But Still, Puppet, Spider Sighting
Directed by Gary Jones
Written by Boaz Davidson, Stephen David Brooks, Jace Anderson, and Adam Gierasch
Starring Lana Parrilla, Josh Green, Oliver Macready, Nick Swarts, Mark Phelan, and Leslie Zemeckis
Ever since H.G. Wells wrote The Food of the Gods , scientists have been creating bigger spiders. Usually it’s in the pursuit of better nutrition, but every now and then it’s a straightforward attempt to weaponize arachnids. The film Spiders is the first entry in a series of movies based on this inadvisable weapons program.
in Central to the Plot, Contamination, Giant Effing Spider, Just One, Thanks, Live Spider, Puppet, Spider Sighting
The Giant Spider (2013)
Written and Directed by Christopher R. Mihm
Starring Shannon McDonough, Daniel Sjerven, Billie Jo Konze, Michael Cook, James Norgard, and Mark Haider
Homage movies can be a challenge to review. More than most movies they are meant to be seen in the context of a particular genre and/or period of filmmaking, depending on the audience having at least passing familiarity with the sources. It’s similar to the spoof, which relies on audience expectations built from one or more previous movies. They can be hard to distinguish at times — much of the humor of The Lost Skeleton of Cadavracomes from deliberately crafted flaws, typical of the movies it emulates — but in general the homage seeks to tell a story more than to poke fun. Such a film is The Giant Spider
in Arachnid of Unknown Origin, As Big As Me, I Swear, No Damn Reason, Only a Few, But Still, Puppet, Spider Sighting
Written and Directed by Edward Bernds
Starring Hugh Marlowe, Nancy Gates, Nelson Leigh, Rod Taylor, Shirley Patterson, Lisa Montell, Christopher Dark, and Everett Glass
One of the most enduring science fiction stories is The Time Machine , by H.G. Wells. Apart from popularizing the notion of time travel, it influenced the way we think about the future in terms of what will become of the human race and its civilizations. Humanity splits in two, with the Eloi physically dwindling and living in shiny towers while the Morlock grow strong laboring underneath. While Wells’ work stressed the division between the working and ruling classes, others would use the premise to make their own statements. The film World Without End uses the threat of nuclear war to create a future where humans on the surface are enslaved by mutants while those who sheltered below ground are failing to thrive.
in Big Damn Spider, Central to the Plot, CGI Spider, Costume, Genetic Tampering, Giant Effing Spider, Just One, Thanks, Puppet, Spider Sighting, Swimming in Spiders
Creepies (2004)
Directed by Jeff Leroy
Written by Eric Spudic
Starring Lisa Jay, Jeff Ryan, Phoebe Dollar, Calley Edmunds, and Ron Jeremy
Some movies aren’t good. Some movies are so bad they’re enjoyable. Some movies try to be so bad they’re enjoyable and wind up on SyFy. Some movies take that as a challenge and appear to be created as some form of social experiment to find out if people will actually watch anything. I owe apologies to some of the movies I’ve panned, because Creepies proved that it’s possible to be more artless and less ambitious than The Asylum.
in Big Damn Spider, Central to the Plot, Just One, Thanks, Naturally Occurring, Puppet, Spider Sighting, Stop Motion Animation
L’araignée d’or (1908)
aka The Gold Spider
Written and Directed by Segundo de Chomón
This one is a special treat. Not only is it the earliest big spider movie I’ve heard of, but it’s also one of the oldest surviving representations of a spider on film! It’s only eight minutes long, and one shot is badly damaged, but L’araignée d’or is a splendid example of early narrative film and special effects.
Aelita (1923)
Shredder Orpheus: A Mite-y Movie Mention
C.H.U.D. II: Bud the Chud – a Mite-y Movie Mention
The Webby Writings of Richard Lewis
The Bees (1978): A Mite-y Movie Mention
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1000 Misspent Hours
And You Call Yourself a Scientist!?
League of Dead Films
Celluloid Zeroes
Cinemasochistic Apocalypse
Micro-Brewed Reviews
Las películas de terror
Psychoplasmics
The Terrible Claw Reviews
The Tomb of Anubis
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Question: How Do I Get Into The Tunnel In Arkham Knight?
Who is the final boss in Batman Arkham Knight?
How do you infiltrate the tunnel under Miagani Island?
What is knightfall protocol?
How do you beat the helicopter in Arkham Knight?
How do you escape ace chemicals in Batman Arkham Knight?
How do you destroy the Arkham Knight excavator?
Is Batman Arkham VR worth it?
Can you hack Cobra tanks?
How do you escape before gas is released Arkham Knight?
How do you beat Arkham Knight?
How do you get past the giant fan in Batman Arkham Knight?
Can you heal in Batman Arkham Knight?
How do you kill cloudburst?
Does Poison Ivy die in Arkham Knight?
How do I get Gordon in Arkham Knight?
Can you skip missions in Batman Arkham Knight?
How do I get through the tunnel in Arkham Knight?
How do I get the Batmobile to Miagani Island?
How do I get out of the drill in Arkham Knight?
How do you beat the Arkham Knights tank?
How do I get past the tanks in Arkham Knight underground?
Is crime alley in Arkham Knight?
Jason ToddHe is one of the main antagonists in Batman: Arkham Knight.
Later on, he is revealed to be Jason Todd, the former Robin..
In the first part of the tunnel, there is a ventilator that you can pull out.Your next destination is the entrance to the tunnels. … When the battle is over, go back to the place marked by the game, park the Batmobile and go inside the tunnel, when the passage is open.More items…
The Knightfall Protocol was the last of Batman’s backup plans, to be deployed only when his secret identity was compromised in order to protect those closest to him. … The Knightfall Protocol was likely named after the Knightfall story arc of the Batman comics, though it has little in common in terms of a plot device.
User Info: General_Tim. When you are trying to take out a helicopter, do not zoom in. Get your crosshairs near the chopper, then move it around on a circle, while firing the Vulcan gun. Never stop moving, ever.
You will have to use the remote control feature, the winch and the nitro afterburner. After taking control over Batman again, activate Batmobile Remote Control. Switch to Battle Mode and use the Winch on the interactive object on one of the walls. Reverse and wait until the wall is destroyed.
Excavator Boss Fight Video Guide These are the paths you will need to lure the Arkham Knight into in order to damage his vehicle. You can’t damage the Excavator in any other way, and if he catches you the Batmobile will instantly be destroyed.
Batman: Arkham VR is quite a short game. You step into the Batsuit for just a little over an hour. In that span of time, it can be quite a frightening experience. But it’s definitely worth playing if you’re an early adopter of PlayStation VR.
Cobra tanks are vulnerable to level 2 secondary weapons, such as the drone hack, missiles and the EMP. … It is also worth noting that at two energy bars, it takes about 10 seconds for the tank to be hacked.
To escape the gas, quickly grapple over to the golden Vantage Point ahead, then make your way through the vent in the wall. As the next wall slides open, you’ll spot two sentry guns and a flying drone patrolling the area directly below Arkham Knight’s new position.
As previously, focus on Arkham Knight only after you take care of his backup. Use the ventilation shafts to get close to the moving stairway. Use the grappling hook to get to the higher level when the boss will look the other side. Quickly target the ledge with the Arkham Knight before he will spot you.
You’ll need to shoot and hit the core five times to overload it – try not to hit the covers that spin around the outside! Now that the first fan has come to a halt, switch back to Remote Batmobile Control and drive further down the wall, past the stopped fan.
There are also no skills that will regenerate your health automatically or for performing impressive feats. Instead, the only way to restore health and heal yourself is to complete the current fight without dying.
Position yourself quite far from the tank and start attacking its “core” with 60mm cannon. Of course, enemy won’t be helpless. Most of all, avoid its missiles by dodging the red circles appearing on the ground. Additionally, use Vulcan cannon to destroy the rockets shot at Batmobile.
She has apparently been able to resurrect herself with her powers in the comics before. In Gotham Knights #65 she dies and has a bunch of flowers shown growing around her grave.
Keep pulling the drill down to the bottom floor and use the 60mm Cannon to take out the turret. Now reunite with the Batmobile and spin the drill until you reach the sealed wall, and blow it open to reveal a path to Gordon… and the Arkham Knight.
If it’s your first time facing them, then no you can’t skip it. But after that it is debatable…. But it is better if you remove them out of the city. Otherwise it can get hard to move around.
Reverse back up the tunnel and locate the targeting reticule that appears on the fan above your head as you go. Enter Battle Mode then launch your Power Winch at it. Reverse again to pull it to the ground then exit your vehicle and grapple up through the newly-created hole.
When the militia have been beaten, a drone will crash through the only exit, showering the area with bullets. Hide in the corner around the exit, and use the nearby control panel to raise the sealed door. Switch to the remote Batmobile controls and bring in the cavalry.
There you must use the winch to create a hole in the ceiling. Soon the Arkham Knight will appear there. Once you regain control of your character, press the jump button/key twice in order to catapult from the Batmobile and to avoid being crushed by the drilling machine. The duel will end after that.
To beat the Arkham Knight’s tank in this second phase of the fight, you have to shoot him four times in different areas. The radar shows his weak spots. One is in front of him, one at the rear and two are at the sides. Much like the Cobra Tanks, try and avoid his field of vision.
Walk cautiously to the edge of the wall and press R2 and X to hug the wall – this is a great way to peek around corners without exposing yourself to enemy fire. Wait for the third (patrolling) tank to turn around and start moving away from you. It won’t be able to detect you from behind so long as it’s far enough away.
twoBatman Arkham Knight contains two different Endings following the conclusion of the Main Story in the game.
Crime Alley was available as a Combat Challenge Map that was available via DLC for Batman: Arkham Asylum and Batman: Arkham Knight.
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Bezos-Linked Thinktank Official Calls for Michael Anton’s Execution for Exposing Anti-Trump Color Revolution
Violent Left
Shane Trejo
A top official with the billionaire-backed Berggruen Institute has called for the kidnapping and execution of writer Michael Anton for exposing the color revolution coup that is taking place to oust President Donald Trump from office regardless of November’s voting results.
Claremont Institute President Ryan Williams highlighted the grotesque tweet made by Vice President of Programs Nils Gilman comparing Anton to French fascist sympathizer Robert Brasillach:
This is the Vice President of Programs at the @berggruenInst calling for the political murder/execution of Michael Anton, a @ClaremontInst senior fellow.
Does Berggruen leadership agree with Gilman, or will they condemn this eliminationist rhetoric?
(Also: @Twitter? @jack?) pic.twitter.com/j6BaqhZMV7
— Ryan P. Williams (@RpwWilliams) September 21, 2020
The Berggruen Institute has collaborated intently with the Washington Post in the past. The rag, owned by Amazon founder and technocratic globalist Jeff Bezos, worked with Berggruen on WorldPost, which later became Noema Magazine. They regularly publish pretentious drivel that virtually nobody reads.
Big League Politics has reported about the coup attempt that is in the works through the Soros-backed Transition Integrity Project:
A Soros-backed “election integrity” group is setting the stage for a revolution against President Donald Trump after November’s election.
The Transition Integrity Project, an organization featuring a bipartisan group of Trump haters, is claiming that President Donald Trump will cause violence if he disputes the upcoming election results. They are running simulations that they claim indicate that Trump and his supporters will create mayhem.
“All of our scenarios ended in both street-level violence and political impasse,” said Rosa Brooks, a professor of law and policy at Georgetown University, who set up the TIP. “The law is essentially … it’s almost helpless against a president who’s willing to ignore it,” she added.
Revolver noted that Brooks is an operative of George Soros with ties to his Open Society Institute going back decades. She served as Special Counsel to the President at the Open Society Institute in New York from 2006-07.
Brooks’ deep connections to Soros have helped her successfully navigate the ranks of the Washington D.C. elite. She was senior adviser to Assistant Secretary Harold Hongju Koh at the U.S. State Department. She taught at the University of Virginia School of Law before moving over to Georgetown. She is also on the Advisory Committee of National Security Action and the Steering Committee of the Leadership Council for Women in National Security. Her deep state bona fides are second to none.
Two of the Republicans who participated in Brooks’ study are neocons Bill Kristol and David Frum. They were the type of individuals tasked with war gaming as President Trump, the man who they have devoted their careers to opposing. Kristol is now funded by a Democrat oligarch and Frum continues to parrot Russian collusion lies to this very day.
“Our scenario exercises did not end in good places, but important to note that this does not mean that there is something inevitable about chaos and constitutional crisis in the coming months – just that these particular exercises suggest that these are real possibilities,” Brooks said about her study’s findings.
“The goal of the exercises was not to give people nightmares, but rather to identify possible inflection points to prevent or mitigate catastrophic outcomes to the 2020 presidential election,” she added.
Brooks hopes that policymakers act on the findings of her study, adding that “state governors, attorneys general, legislative leaders and secretaries of state need to think through these issues now, and understand the electoral system and relevant laws now, and not wait until Election Day to think about everything that could go wrong.”
Darren Beattie of Revolver has also exposed this dastardly plot by the left-wing fifth column that has implanted itself at the highest levels of government:
Must Watch Tucker Carlson Segment!@DarrenJBeattie: Those Who Specialize In Regime Change Overseas Are The Same People Trying To Oust President @realDonaldTrump
Darren: "What's unfolding before our eyes is a very specific type of coup called the 'Color Revolution.'" pic.twitter.com/fUBrLDkzDT
— The Columbia Bugle 🇺🇸 (@ColumbiaBugle) September 16, 2020
The far left is playing for keeps. If conservatives are not willing to do whatever is necessary to defeat this threat, America and Western Civilization will be no more.
Parler CEO John Matze Forced to Flee Home Under Deluge of Left-Wing Terror Threats
Matze is suing Amazon for deplatforming Parler.
Richard Moorhead
Parler CEO John Matze has been forced to flee his home and go into hiding after receiving an onslaught of left-wing death threats. Parler, a free speech social media platform, has been temporarily shut down in an extensive deplatforming campaign. Amazon promptly cut Parler’s access to its Web Services after the US Capitol riot earlier this month, cherry-picking examples of content that violate Parler’s terms of service and claiming the platform is being used for violent purposes.
Matze made the frank admission in a court filing for Parler’s lawsuit against Amazon, requesting that the court keep any disclosures about his personal life and location secret. Parler is currently suing Amazon in federal court for its immediate revocation of Parler’s hosting agreement, arguing that Amazon agreed to provide 30 days notice before any potential termination of Parler’s hosting, pursuant to the party’s original agreement.
Matze reveals that he’s been forced to leave his home and go into hiding with his family, citing Amazon Web Services’ “vilification” of his company.
Employees of Amazon have allegedly been threatened and harassed as well for shutting down Parler. The court filing in favor of redaction references these threats in requesting the court provide redaction of personal information to both sides.
“Both sides of this dispute have shown that their employees have suffered real harassment and threats—including, on both sides, death threats—owing to the charged nature of this litigation.
Parler therefore agrees with AWS that safety and security concerns justify the limited sealings requested here,” Parler requests in the Amazon lawsuit.
Parler’s administrators are still seeking to return the free speech social media platform to full operation, although it could take weeks to bring it back online. They may have learned a lesson about the futility of contracting hosting services with a Big Tech monopoly such as Amazon.
Follow me on Twitter @Wildman_AZ, on Parler @Moorhead, and on Gab @WildmanAZ.
Big League Economics3 days ago
Joe Biden Places Two-Month Moratorium on New Oil Leases and Drilling Permits in New Mexico, A State He Won in November
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UPDATE: Male Feminist Cowers to Media on Black Hole Image, Bows to Woman Who Wrote 0.26% of Code
Fake News Media
The media is aided by one of the researchers in their quest continue missing the point of the criticisms against them.
Tom Pappert
One of the researchers responsible for the black hole “photo” is angry that “Internet trolls” attempted to give credit to multiple scientists for its creation instead of one woman.
As Big League Politics reported yesterday, the mainstream media is attempting to give full credit for the black hole “photo” to Katie Bouman, when it was actually made possible by a team of over 200 scientists from more than 15 countries.
One of the researchers, Andrew Chael, who wrote over 850,000 lines of code in GitHub “model files,” came to her defense, worried that she was not receiving enough credit for the image.
(1/7) So apparently some (I hope very few) people online are using the fact that I am the primary developer of the eht-imaging software library (https://t.co/n7djw1r9hY) to launch awful and sexist attacks on my colleague and friend Katie Bouman. Stop.
— Andrew Chael (@thisgreyspirit) April 12, 2019
Chael wrote that he is concerned the public is using his impressive work to “launch awful and sexist attacks” against Bouman. CNN backed him up with an article claiming “Internet trolls tried to credit a white man for the black hole image”, totally missing the point of many individuals’ criticisms.
For Chael’s part, he too seems inclined to point out that this was not simply Bouman performing a superhuman effort by herself. He lauded her for “pointing out that this was a team effort,” but chastised his new fans, bemoaning their alleged “sexist agenda” against Bouman.
He also noted, for some reason, that he is a “gay astronomer.”
(5/7) out that this was a team effort including contributions from many junior scientists, including many women junior scientists (https://t.co/Gte2sTNLXo). Together, we all make each other's work better; the number of commits doesn't tell the full story of who was indispensable.
Bouman herself made clear on Facebook that she does not deserve full credit for the image, saying that her algorithm was one among many used in its creation. She also noted that various researchers crowded into a room with their computers to generate the image simultaneously, in a move purposely taken to avoid a single researcher receiving a disproportionate amount of credit.
In fact, the New York Times was forced to admit that her initial algorithm that earned her a place on the team was not even used in creating the famous image.
Even after two researchers made clear that this was a joint effort, the media remains hyper focused on Bouman’s contribution, likely because she is a young, female researcher. In their rush to credit Bouman, the media has completely glossed over the other 206 scientists spread across 17 countries who worked diligently to provide the first ever image of a black hole.
By neglecting to mention the rest of the team, the media raises Bouman, who worked on an “imaging subteam”, above the rest of the researchers, and invites observers to draw their own conclusions about why the young woman is receiving such attention.
If pointing out that a woman was part of a larger effort accomplished by more than 200 other researchers, apparently including a gay astronomer, constitutes a “sexist attack,” perhaps CNN and other media outlets should have done their job in the first place by giving credit to the full team of scientists.
Jim Acosta Calls Conservative Media a “Disinformation-Industrial Complex” and “Potential Existential Threat”
Project much, Jim?
Evan James
CNN’s Jim Acosta appeared on Brian Stelter’s Sunday morning show “Reliable Sources” to call conservative media a “potential existential threat” that could “cause more suffering.”
Referring to the on-screen graph that shows a significant drop in engagement with Trump-related articles, Stelter asked Acosta if he thought this “quiet period” was temporary. Acosta replied as follows:
“I think it is temporary. I do think what this country faces right now […] I describe it as the disinformation-industrial complex, and that is Trump and his people, conservative outlets like Fox News, and then conservative websites and organizations aligned with the president, and conservative platforms. These three pillars of this disinformation-industrial complex essentially helped put Trump in power, kept him in power, sustained his grip on the Republican Party, and it remains a threat to our democracy. It is the reason why there were hundreds of Trump supporters storming the Capitol on January 6. And until that poison, that toxin, is drained from the national political discourse in this country, Brian, I do think that these forces represent a potential existential threat to this country and have the potential to come back and cause more suffering in the days to come.”
Acosta does not seem to realize, however, that the popularity and influence of right-wing outlets like Big League Politics are direct consequences of “journalists” like him and networks like CNN. They’re the original traffickers in disinformation and in fanning the flames of fearmongering. Alternative conservative media would not have taken off if the mainstream media weren’t so unbearably leftist.
Congress2 days ago
SURRENDER CAUCUS: 17 House RINO Freshmen Pledge Loyalty to President-Imposed Joe Biden
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Home NEWS Science News Biology
Unusual sex chromosomes of platypus, emu and duck
by Bioengineer
in Biology
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Three papers unveil the extraordinary diversity of animal sex chromosomes
Credit: © Doug Gimesy
Sex chromosomes are presumed to originate from a pair of identical ancestral chromosomes by acquiring a male- or a female-determining gene on one chromosome. To prevent the sex-determining gene from appearing in the opposite sex, recombination is suppressed on sex chromosomes. This leads to the degeneration of Y chromosome (or the W chromosome in case of birds) and the morphological difference of sex chromosomes between sexes. For example, the human Y chromosome bears only less than 50 genes, while the human X chromosome still maintains over 1500 genes from the autosomal ancestor. This process occurred independently in birds, in monotremes (the Australian platypus and echidnas), and in the other mammals (therians, e.g., kangaroo, mouse and human etc.).
Platypus has ten sex chromosomes
With its venom, duck-bill, egg, and milk, platypus features an extraordinary combination of reptiles, birds and mammals. Previous work showed that platypus, although undoubtedly a mammalian species, have sex chromosomes that do not share the same origin with those of human. It turns out that male platypus has five pairs of XY chromosomes (named as X1Y1, X2Y2, etc.), and none of them are homologous to the XY of human or mouse. These ten sex chromosomes pair with each other in a head-to-tail manner and form a chain during meiosis when sperm cells develop. The genetic makeup and the evolution process of such a complex and unique sex chromosome system remained unclear, because the previously published platypus genome is was from a female, and only a quarter of the sequences is was mapped onto chromosomes.
Cutting-edge sequencing techniques
An international team of researchers adopted a new sequencing technique (called PacBio, or third-generation sequencing) that can “read” the genome information for over 300-fold longer in length than the last-generation technique, and the new chromatin conformation capture technique that can connect and map the genomic sequences into the chromosome level.
“With further laborious cytogenetic experiments, we improved the genome quality and mapped over 98% of the sequences into 21 autosomes, and 5X and 5Y chromosomes of platypus” says Guojie Zhang from BGI-Shenzhen and University of Copenhagen. “The new genomes are a hugely valuable public resource for research in mammalian biology and evolution, with applications in wildlife conservation and even human health,” says Frank Grützner at University of Adelaide in Australia.
From a ring to a chain
“What surprised us is that, from the new sex chromosome sequences, we found the last Y chromosome, Y5 does not share many sequences with its pairing X5 chromosome, but with the first X chromosome of the chain, X1”, says Qi Zhou. “This suggested that the 10 platypus sex chromosomes used to be in a ring shape. Maybe the acquisition of a male-determining gene and suppression of recombination broke the ancestral chromosome ring into a chain”. This part of the sex chromosome work provides an entirely new perspective on the evolution of this extraordinary sex chromosome system, along with other new discoveries of platypus genes related to milk production, loss of teeth and so on, were published in Nature as a research article.
Different sex systems of birds and mammals
With similar new techniques used for the platypus genome, the Zhou group simultaneously decoded the sex chromosome sequences of emu and Pekin duck, which represent the different phase of sex chromosome evolution. Most mammalian and bird species’ sex chromosomes have evolved into their terminal stage of evolution like that of human or chicken. A key difference between mammals and birds is that instead of the XY sex system, birds have so-called ZW sex chromosomes. That is, male birds have a pair of ZZ chromosomes, female birds have a Z and a W sex chromosomes.
Slow-evolving sex chromosomes of emu and duck
The Y or W chromosomes usually have lost most functional genes, and become a “gene desert” full of repetitive sequences. Emu is an exception: its sex chromosomes are largely like a pair of autosomes, with over two-thirds of the sequences and active genes still shared between the Z and W chromosomes. “This may be related to the slower evolution rate of the emu compared to other birds”, says Jing Liu, a Ph.D. student in the Zhou group. “By comparing the genomes of emu and 11 other bird species, we found that large-bodied birds like emu and ostrich tend to have much less chromosome rearrangements than other birds”.
Another possible reason is that these flightless large birds may undergo much weaker sexual selection, a potential driver for sex chromosome evolution, compared to other birds, given that male and female emus are largely monomorphic. This provides a great system to understand how sex chromosomes evolve in their early phase – and in the case of Pekin duck, in the middle phase. Another project from the Zhou group generated the high-quality genome sequence of Pekin duck, a very popular poultry species. Emu, duck and chicken together mark the different time phase of sex chromosome evolution.
In this work we found that the W chromosomes of emu and duck have retained many more functional genes on their W chromosomes compared to the chicken. Such a large variation in the tempo of sex chromosome evolution is not observed in mammals, and reflects the different evolutionary modes of the XY and ZW sex systems. These novel sex chromosome sequences of emu and duck will also provide important resources for poultry studies.
Publication in Nature:
Zhou, Y., Shearwin-Whyatt, L., Li, J. et al. Platypus and echidna genomes reveal mammalian biology and evolution. Nature (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03039-0
Publication in Genome Research:
Liu J., Wang Z., Li, J. et al. A new emu genome illuminates the evolution of genome configuration and nuclear architecture of avian chromosomes. Genome Research (2021).
DOI: 10.1101/gr.271569.120
Publication in GigaScience
Li, J., Zhang J., Liu, J. et al. A new duck genome reveals conserved and convergently evolved chromosome architectures of birds and mammals, GigaScience (2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giaa142
Qi Zhou, PhD
https://medienportal.univie.ac.at/presse/aktuelle-pressemeldungen/detailansicht/artikel/unusual-sex-chromosomes-of-platypus-emu-and-duck/
Tags: BiologyEvolutionZoology/Veterinary Science
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This Feilding school has just won an international robotics award (again!)
Feilding’s Manchester Street School has a very special reason to celebrate this month, after walking away with an award from the international VEX Robotics Challenge.
The Year 5/6 MSS robotics team, known as the Odderbots, has become somewhat famous – this is the third time they’ve won an award from the challenge in as many years.
This year the Odderbots received the Judges Award for exemplary effort and perseverance and principal Glen Richardson couldn’t be prouder.
“A huge amount of effort goes into the competition every year from the students, teachers and the community. And what’s more incredible is that the Odderbots membership turns over every year so that we are always bringing younger students into the club with the same impressive results.”
What is the VEX Robotics Challenge? Hundreds of schools around the world compete to build robots from VEX Robotics components. The goal is to complete a set of complex tasks to score as many points as possible within a one-minute round.
“Feilding students have a long track record of outstanding success in Robotics,” says Manchester Street School Year 5/6 teacher and robotics coordinator, Geoffrey Ward.
“In typical Kiwi fashion, our students think laterally to solve challenges, build prototypes, test and retest until they have a working model. All on their own time and all with their own ideas. It’s a privilege to be associated with the team.”
Technology firm New Era IT was one of the companies supporting the Odderbots team. The company has even donated two Acer Switch Tablet PCs and an XYZ 3D printer to the school so it can prepare for the 2020 VEX title defence.
Regional account manager Richard Hall says that science, technology, engineering, and maths (STEM) and digital technologies are important for New Zealand’s growth.
“We work with primary schools up and down New Zealand and MSS clearly stands out as an example of what young people can do when given the right opportunities,” says Hall.
Today’s students are tech savvy and quick to pick up new opportunities. “There are virtually no limits,” adds Ward.
“We see STEM education as a passport to future success that is inclusive, non-judgemental and inspirational. And it’s not just for the boys. Girls make up about half of the Robotics group at any given time.”
“Plus we get Year 3 students showing interest in joining as places open up. With the reward of a trip to America on the offing, we are having no problem what-so-ever in building momentum as we move forward.”
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Lily Allen - Gorilla Manchester March 2018
It's no surprise that Lily Allen's first gig in 3 years sold out in seconds, especially when it's at a 500 capacity venue on the eve of a new Album release.
Gorilla has seen a few intimate gigs recently with the likes of Kylie doing a similar gig the week before. I'm hoping this becomes a regular thing, because intimate gigs are genuinely the best type.
There was no support act but we didn't need one, Lily Allen was about to showcase her new Album and that's all the very mixed crowd wanted. Coming out at just after 9pm wearing a Maharishi Tracksuit, Lily hit straight off into her new material. Which was, as expect, Lily Allen through and through. Funny, heartfelt, political. Lily started off a little nervous, but that quickly changed and excitement took over.
It's a little different getting into a gig where you're hearing the songs for the first time, it's more stand, listen and enjoy than full on dance and sing. Being Lily's first gig in a few years there was a few teething issues with sound and such but that's the nature of Live music, it didn't help that's she was also suffering from a sore throat although that didn't her sound too much.. in fact she actually sounds better live than on the studio tracks!
Each track Lily gave us a little background about it's origin. 'Three' made me laugh, after she sang it, joked that whilst it's a song about her child it's an easy way at getting the gig as backing track on a certain Mobile network providers Adverts.
I'm definitely looking forward to the album release so I can properly listen, but from the showcase it was everything you'd expect and more. It's clear the focus of the music is inspired by her children and ex partner, which introduced us to a new, grown up, side of Lily. Dont worry though we still have the party Lily we know in Higher and Trigger Bang.
The latter half of the gig we got top hits such as 'Smile' and a perfectly dedicated 'Fuck You' (to Trump and May).
Encore was 'Trigger Bang', 'The Fear' and smash hit to finish 'Not Fair'.
Overall the gig was on form and personal! Certainly worth adding to the Wishlist when she's next on tour.
By MxG - March 22, 2018
Labels: 2018, Electro, Gigs, Grime, Michael, pop, synth
It's been a while... So here's a cool band: JunkBunny
Well! It's been a while since something was posted here, we're active on socials and as you may know we created a Podcast ( www.mind...
30 Day music challenge
So we've been on a little blog post hiatus this last few weeks. Whilst music has still be life, we've been to loads of gigs, missed...
Weekend Debt - Tour De France
Half the time I think I should rename this blog the Weekend Debt Fanpage, the other half it may as well be FalseHeads! In all serious though...
Gentle Giant Music Festival - Forth, Scotland.
Regular readers will know in February we headed up to Lanark, Scotland to see Weekend Debt . When we got there everyone from the Porter, the...
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Football Horse Racing Cricket Golf NFL
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What is the Super Bowl? Super Bowl explained
From the origin of the name to the halftime show, here is everything you need to know about the Super Bowl.
Guy Giles
Super Bowl tips from Betway Insider
The Betway Insider provides betting tips for the Super Bowl every year.
As well as picking the Big Game, our NFL tips can be found on our website throughout both the regular and postseason.
All Super Bowl tips provided by the Betway Insider are free.
Who are the Betway Insider tipsters?
Our tipsters each have several years’ experience in the betting industry, and have a strong track record of producing profit.
When are Super Bowl tips published?
The Betway Insider produce Super Bowl tips for every edition of the NFL showpiece.
Our Super Bowl tips will be published on our website by the day before the game, at the very latest.
What types of Super Bowl tips do Betway provide?
The NFL betting experts at Betway Insider produce several different types of predictions for the game.
Our tipsters will pick out four or five main tips, made up of a number of different markets. You are able to back each pick individually, or use them as part of a multi-leg #BetYourWay, which you can request on Twitter.
We may also ask our traders to price up some novelty bets for the Big Game, which can be related to anything from the length of the national anthem to the number of tweets that Donald Trump will put out during the Super Bowl.
During the regular season, they will produce a weekly four-fold made up of picks for that weekend's action.
This consists of four teams they believe will win their game that weekend. You are able to back each tip individually or combine them into a four-fold wager.
As well as those tips covering the weekend action, our experts will also produce a #BetYourWay for every edition of Thursday Night Football throughout the season.
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If you are unsure of how betting odds work, read our handy guide which provides you with all the information you need to start betting.
When you’re ready to place a bet, your first option is to head to the Betway Insider website to read through our experts’ tips. Each article will have a link to the sportsbook, where you can then place your bet.
Otherwise you can head straight to the Betway sportsbook to place your bet.
The most popular market on the sportsbook for NFL betting is the match winner market, where you place a bet on the result of a match.
Another popular market is handicap, or spread betting, in which one team is handed an advantage to even the match up. For example, if one team is a heavy favourite they may be given a handicap of -9.5, meaning they must win the match by 10 points or more for the bet to come in.
Aside from betting on the result of the match, you can also bet on how many points you think will be scored. The sportsbook will display a total, for example 54.5, and you can bet on whether you believe there will be more or less than that number in a specific match.
You are also able to place bets on player performances, such as picking a player to score a touchdown, or a quarterback to throw a certain number of touchdown passes.
Other than these main markets, there are hundreds of other outcomes that you are able to bet on before the Super Bowl. Simply head to the Betway sportsbook to discover your options.
What other tips are available?
Betway Insider publish betting tips on a wide range of sports other than NFL.
Our football experts produce regular football betting tips throughout the season, including for the Premier League, Championship, League One, League Two, Champions League, Europa League, FA Cup, Carabao Cup, Bundesliga, Serie A, La Liga, Ligue 1, and MLS, along with several other European leagues. We also provide football tips for international tournaments such as the FIFA World Cup, FIFA World Cup qualifiers, UEFA Euro, UEFA Euro qualifiers, the UEFA Nations League, Copa America and the Africa Cup of Nations.
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November 26, 2020 December 2, 2020 K.R. Phoenix 11.November, About the Author, Release Blitz & Giveaway
Release Blitz & Giveaway: Ruinsong by Julia Ember
Ruinsong
Julia Ember
Published by: Farrar Straus and Giroux
Publication date: November 24th 2020
Genres: Fantasy, LGBTQ+, Romance, Young Adult
In Julia Ember’s dark and lush LGBTQ+ romantic fantasy Ruinsong, two young women from rival factions must work together to reunite their country, as they wrestle with their feelings for each other.
Her voice was her prison…
Now it’s her weapon.
In a world where magic is sung, a powerful mage named Cadence must choose between the two. For years, she has been forced to torture her country’s disgraced nobility at her ruthless queen’s bidding.
But when she is reunited with her childhood friend, a noblewoman with ties to the underground rebellion, she must finally make a choice: Take a stand to free their country from oppression, or follow in the queen’s footsteps and become a monster herself.
Goodreads / Amazon / Barnes & Noble / iBooks / Kobo / Google Play
I allow Lacerde to dress me without turning to examine myself in the mirror. I don’t want to see how I look, how they’ve fashioned me. In my mind, I already see stains of blood on the muslin fabric of my skirt, dotting the white leather of my gloves. Lacerde adjusts my skirt and smooths my hair. Then, with a grunt, she bends down and buffs my new shoes to a gleam.
She opens the door for me so I don’t get my gloves dirty and leads me down the dark corridor. My dressing room is the only one in use. All the others are boarded up, so that no one will use them to hide.
I imagine what the Opera Hall must have been like years ago, when so many singers performed here together for more willing audiences. The corridors would have been filled with the sounds of laughter, rustling taffeta costumes, and a chorus of warm-up scales. Above, the audience would be straining to get inside the house, clinking glasses together at the theatre bar, speculating on the wonders to come.
If I strain my ear, I can still hear the echo of their merriment in the walls, obscured by the more recent cacophony of despair and pain. The smell of thousands of spellsongs, layered atop one another for centuries, lingers in the musty air. It’s been eight years since this place functioned as a real theatre, but the Opera Hall remembers.
We climb the stairs up onto the stage. Elene and Lord Durand, her newly elevated pet footman, stand together on the edge, shouting instructions down to the conductor in the orchestra pit.
Elene glances up and nods to Lacerde, who positions me at center stage without releasing me. It’s as if they think I will run, even though there is no where to go.
No one has dimmed the gas lamps that line the theatre’s aisles yet, so I have a full view. The theatre is much grander than our replica at the academy. The ceiling bears a centuries-old mural of Adela gifting the first mage with magic. The singer kneels beside the sacred pool, and the goddess rises from the water, her mouth open with song and her arms spread wide. Musical notes surround them, each flecked with real gold leaf.
Portraits of the three other goddesses border the mural. Odetta, the goddess of spring and renewal, wearing a silver mask that covers her eyes and cheeks, and holding a sparrow’s skeleton in her cupped hands. Karina, goddess of justice and winter, thin and draped in a linen sheath, with her arms wide. Marena, the autumn goddess of war, chin lifted proudly, staring down with her hypnotic purple eyes, bejeweled with human teeth.
Beneath, row upon row of tightly packed red velvet seats stretch back to the imposing black doors at the rear of the theatre. They’re made from mageglass, a material designed by the elementals: sand spun, dyed and hardened so that not even diamond bullets could shatter it. Hundreds of people will fill the house tonight. Dame Ava, the queen’s former principal, told me that sometimes there are so many that folk have to stand along the walls.
My knees start to shake at the sight. My mouth goes dry.
All these seats. All these people. My unshed tears blur the rows of red seats together, like a smear of blood.
Julia Ember is the author of The Seafarer’s Kiss duology, a Norse myth inspired retelling of The Little Mermaid, published by Interlude Press (Duet Books), and Ruinsong, a standalone high fantasy reimagining of The Phantom of the Opera, forthcoming from Macmillan Kids (FSG) in November 2020. She lives with her wife and two fluffy cats in the Pacific Northwest.
Tagged Book Love, Fantasy, FF, Gay Book Review, Gay Romance Authors, Julia Ember, LesFic, LGBTQ, LGBTQ Books, LGBTQ+, Romance, Ruinsong, Young Adult
Cover Reveal: Honorable Convictions by Jessamyn Kingley
Blog Tour, Exclusive, & Giveaway: Surrounded by Silence by Eric Huffbind
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Offline Classes
Writing Mentorship
Content Writing Workshop
Jotted
Want to complete your manuscript in 2021?
Bound is one of the first organizations in India to offer writing mentorship to aspiring writers.
We handhold writers through every stage of the writing process through consistent editorial reviews and meetings. We make ourselves available to our writers from the ideation stage to the point where they are ready to pitch their work. Our writers' pieces are as much our babies as they are theirs!
Who is the writing mentorship program for?
Our intention is to work with anyone who is serious and passionate about manifesting their goals, and completing a writing project of any nature, whether fiction, non-fiction and poetry. This could be a novel, a poetry collection, a collection of short stories, narrative journalism, lyric essays, a memoir, or even a book-length record of your family history.
We accept writers at all levels, and in all genres. Whether you are a first-time writer, or have already completed a manuscript and are hoping to jumpstart your next book, our mentorship program can be modified to meet your specific needs.
Apart from being lovers of literature, our editors have years of experience and training in editorial services, and curriculum design. With our background in organizing writing workshops, we are able to offer the opportunity for writers to improve their writing craft through exercises and assigned readings. We hold our writers accountable, and push them to reach their full potential. Additionally, we encourage writers to build a community with each other, and become each other’s readers for life.
We offer 3 mentorship programs based on their duration.
One Month, Three Months and Six Months
You can sign up for a program based on how much time you think you can devote to your writing.
Write to us at [email protected]
4 Week- One Month Writing Mentorship Program
What it includes:
1. Brainstorm on potential ideas for books
2. Help you select an idea and know if your book idea or plan works
3. Handhold you in developing your idea into a coherent story
4. Provide techniques to develop your book’s content and structure
5. Provide guidance on how to write and publish your book
6. Where to submit your work and how
7. Skillfully battle writer’s block
8. Editing, rewriting, publishing, social media and submission advice
9. 4 one-hour skype calls with customised weekly targets/assignments
10. Create a writing schedule with your editor who will follow-up and ensure that you stick to it
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Tara Khandelwal
Tara is a graduate of Barnard College, Columbia University and the Columbia Publishing Course. She works with Asia’s largest literary agency, Writers’ Side.
Michelle D'costa
Michelle has been published in over 50 literary journals like Eclectica, Litro UK, Queen Mob’s Teahouse, Coldnoon, and more. She edits Kaani, an ezine for fiction.
Aishwarya Javalgekar
Aishwarya is a writer, poet, researcher and has a Masters in English (Public Texts) & a Certificate in Book Publishing. She is the founder & editor-in-chief of ang(st).
Pragya Bhagat
Pragya is a poet, award-winning essayist, and author of two books. Her work has been published in the Huffington Post, The Wire, The Bombay Review & Helter Skelter.
Preeti Lourdes John
Preeti is Deputy Editor at the Observer Research Foundation. She has previously worked with The Economist Group, The Quint, The Wire and Qrius.
Three/Six Months Writing Mentorship Program
- Each writer will be matched up with a primary editor based on the nature of their writing project.
- The editor will handhold the writer through the five stages of our specially designed program.
- After an initial meeting, we will design a unique curriculum adapted to your personal goals.
- We evaluate your progress during monthly in-person meetings.
- Schedule weekly phone-calls to check-in.
- We remain sensitive to your vision for the project throughout.
- Apart from providing feedback on the writing, our editors will help you overcome emotional challenges such as writer’s block, and finding creative inspiration.
- Editors provide advice on everything from conducting research to writing pitch letters.
- We believe that each writer is unique, and want to partner with you at every stage of your journey.
- Think of us as your personal gym trainers, but with less sweating!
1. Notes and feedback on writing in-progress a. Editors will read and annotate your work for the duration of the six-month program. b. We don’t believe there is such a thing as ‘good writing’ or ‘bad writing.’ We aim to help our writers find their voice, and communicate their ideas effectively. c. Bound editors act as sounding boards, and help their writers brainstorm at any stage in the writing process where they may feel stuck.
2. Personalized curriculum with writing prompts, writing exercises, and reading material Our editors will suggest reading material based on your genre, writing style, and research interests.
3. Help with outlining your project, and clarifying your creative ambitions Through our conversations, our editors help writers learn more about themselves as writers and creators.
4. Weekly check-ins over the phone to evaluate progress We love hearing about our writers’ creative rituals, and their writing process. By engaging in regular dialogue about their progress, our editors uncover patterns and help writers overcome obstacles that may arise such as writer’s block.
5. Monthly in-person meetings to provide feedback on the writing in-progress (provided Bound’s editor and the writer are in the same city) Topics on which our editors can provide advice and guidance include creative blocks, increasing productivity, overcoming procrastination, research, structuring the manuscript, tone and voice, pitching and submitting work, book marketing and publishing.
6. One final developmental edit at the end of the program
7. Editors will be available to help writers compose a pitch letter
8. Writers will have the opportunity to receive notes from other editors on the Bound editorial team
Package Cost
Three Months Program
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(Rs. 10,000/- to be paid in advance)
What will I leave with?
1. We ask that our writers focus on setting reasonable goals for themselves, and believe everyone has their own writing process. At the end of our program, you will have a better understanding of your individual process, and will have formed a writing practice that suits your rhythms. We help our writers build discipline, and discover their voice.
2. Personalized book recommendations and writing exercises created by Bound editors.
3. Detailed five-page assessment of your progress over the course of the program, which includes notes about your writing strengths and weaknesses.
4. A developmental edit, if you complete a draft of your manuscript.
5. A community of other Bound Mentorship Program alumnae.
6. Access to Bound’s exclusive writing resources, master class videos, and Facebook groups
Bound Testimonial
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Mehak Goyal
“Thanks to Bound's Writing Mentorship Program, I now have a manuscript much closer to completion than it was three months ago. My mentor Tara gave me feedback every week, and encouraged me even in the "bad" weeks. She treated my story like her own, and helped me figure out where I could do better. I now have a manuscript that is coherent, exciting and fun, along with much more confidence in my writing skills! :-)”
Rohini Kapur Alva
“For me, the Bound program was life altering. I had been struggling to write more than a few pages for months, and then, Tara’s gentle tutelage nurtured the author in me into writing my entire manuscript. Tara’s insights were on point and her suggestions offered a gentle nudge towards the ‘better option” in scenarios presented by me. She is a great editor and has the patience to wait for you to evolve. I would highly recommend the mentorship to budding & established writers.”
Madhu Singh Sirohi
Children’s and YA Fiction author
“This program for me was like a shot of rain in the middle of summer. My second book had been languishing for close to a year, and this came at the right time to help me pick up the thread again. I wrote over 20k words in three months, and I liked how it came at a steady pace of a chapter a week. The weekly calls with Tara and her reactions to the submissions were crucial to help maintain my pace without hindering it, and her detailed written edits at the end of the program invaluable in helping me shape this into a manuscript worth sending out into the world. I am, of course, deeply grateful for this opportunity and habit-forming experience, and would highly recommend this to anyone - whether it is your first book or your fifth - because this program gives you the thing that makes this lonely journey of a writer possible: a warm, honest, professional, empathetic reader.”
Praveena Shivram
Editor in Chief, Arts Illustrated
Writing Mentorship FAQ
Should I sign up for the 3 month or 6-month program?
Our 3 month mentorship program is ideal for any writer who wants to explore their potential within a short time period. We help writers build their writing skills, tap into their creativity and gain the confidence to continue their projects by the end of the program.
Our 6 month mentorship program is for those writers who want sustained involvement with our editors in their writing lives.
What happens during the weekly phone-call?
Writers are asked to set aside thirty minutes every week at a fixed time in order to check-in with their editor. During the phone-call, writers will talk about whether they met their goals for the week, and any challenges they encountered. If the writer had sent in work to be reviewed, the editor will provide feedback. This is also an opportunity to discuss any writing exercises, reading material, or other tasks the editor and writer may have decided upon. At the end of the check-in, writers will set their goals for the upcoming week.
Send us an email with a sample of your writing, and a few lines about the book project you have in mind. Maybe you have a research interest, but don’t know whether you want to write a novella or an academic monograph – that’s fine too! We’ll set up a phone-call or meeting to provide an initial assessment of how we would work with you, and what we could offer.
Do I need to submit a writing sample?
A writing sample helps, but isn’t necessary. We accept writers on a first-come-first-served basis, depending on the number of seats available in a given month.
What does the mentorship program cost?
We offer one month, three month and six month mentorship plans.
One month plan- Rs. 15,000/-
Three month plan- Rs. 40,000/-
Six month plan- Rs. 70,000/-
Our Mentorship Philosophy:
We consider ourselves caretakers of our writers’ inner artist, and are sensitive to their writing voice, and working style.
Our philosophy is one of listening, encouraging and building our writers’ creative confidence.
We nurture our writers’ creative spirits while remaining committed to seeing tangible results in the form of pages written.
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International/Politics
The perfect storm looming over the Mediterranean East
The reignited rivalry between Greece and Turkey only seems to be worsening as new players enter the heated up stage
Brig Newspaper
by Veronica Kontopoulou
Two perennial antagonists, interests over some form of energy, disputed claims of boundaries; a familiar story. This time, the antagonists are Greece and Turkey and the form of energy in question is natural gas. While the employment of common interests and gains seems like a simple solution to the flaming discord, the bad blood and inflexibility may get in the way of preventing bloodshed.
Undoubtedly, the tensions between the regions of Greece and Turkey have been familiar to the Mediterranean political stage for centuries and their shared bloody history often seems far from long forgotten. The fundamentally dissenting religions, the schism between the East and the West, the bitter story of the geopolitically precious Istanbul/Constantinople, the rich in cultural heritage and natural resources volatile borders and the relatively recent emergence of a leader with a cult of personality; the tensions have been conspicuous throughout history.
After all, it is not too long ago since the very painful exchange of populations and destruction of Asia Minor, nor the Cypriot crisis. The divide brought by the crises can still be felt in the discrimination of those of the “opposite” religion, the survivors who will never get to return home, and in the torn in-half country and its disputed sovereignty(ies). The provocative conversion of Hagia Sophia from a museum into a mosque on July 24 2020, further twisted the knife on some old wounds. Perhaps, the Hagia Sophia conversion– that may now seem minuscule compared to the real dangers of the impending military escalation– will be added as a causation of the 21st century Eastern Mediterranean war in the history books, if all efforts of diplomacy and de-escalation fail.
As if the brutal shared history was not enough, new players have arrived in the stage to push tensions even further. This is where natural gas and the 2018 Italian discovery of a vast gas field near Cyprus come into play. From Turkey’s point of view, the big bullies of the EastMed Gas Forum playground won’t invite Turkey in to play. The EastMed Gas Forum was established as an international body on January 16 2020 by Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan, and Palestine. Being left diplomatically isolated, Turkey has decided to take matters into its own hands.
Armed with the support of Libya, sealed by their bilateral maritime deal, Turkey is now claiming the gas fields included in the continental shelf between the two countries. The legitimacy of the deal has been challenged not only by Cyprus, Greece and Egypt, who regard it as “illegal” and “void”, but also by the European Union, who condemn the deal’s failure to comply with the Law of the Sea. The most noted violation of Turkey and Libya’s deal is its contravention of the EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone) of the Greek islands of Crete and Karpathos. In May 2020, France and the United Arab Emirates joined in the condemnation of the deal. Nonetheless, Erdogan and his exploration vessels march on, unsettling Turkey’s neighbours.
Ultimately, the escalated situation of the Mediterranean’s East comes down to none other than the pursuit of interests. With stakes as high as wealth, security and independence from Russian Natural Gas, other countries have been lured into the game, mainly France and most recently Germany. While France has demonstrated its solidarity and loyalty to the EU by strengthening its military presence in the region in aid of Greece, Germany is now attempting to take a different, mediating approach. In an effort to de-escalate tensions, Germany’s Foreign Minister, Heiko Maas, visited both countries failing to secure any deals but stating the readiness for dialogue of both parties.
The fragility of the aforementioned readiness, however, could not be stressed enough. Both countries have pledged to fight for and protect their sovereignty, emboldened by the support of their allies. The facilitation of productive discussion of shared gains and cooperation in a constructive environment currently seems like a far-fetched scenario. Both parties are aggressively demanding open-mindedness from each other in order to facilitate negotiations, with seemingly neither expressing a will to compromise. Any frail attempt of the EU to act as mediator is compromised by the fact that Greece and Cyprus are fundamental EU-members. With EU foreign ministers set to confer in Berlin on Thursday and Friday, one question remains. Is the historical war meddler too busy with their esoteric battles at home, or is the bald eagle yet to make its mighty presence felt in this dispute?
Veronica Kontopoulou
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Share this Story: Lilydale chicken-processing plant leaving Ramsay for southeast industrial park
Lilydale chicken-processing plant leaving Ramsay for southeast industrial park
David Blackwell, Yolande Cole • Calgary Herald
The Lilydale poultry plant in southeast Calgary. Photo by Jim Wells /Postmedia
A chicken-processing plant in the southeast Calgary community of Ramsay is negotiating to sell its site to the city and move to city-owned land in a southeast industrial area.
The Lilydale plant, owned by Sofina Foods Inc., at 2126 Hurst Road S.E. has long been a target of complaints about odour and traffic from its residential neighbours. The neighbourhood’s city councillor, Gian-Carlo Carra, has called it a “thorn in the side of the community.”
Lilydale chicken-processing plant leaving Ramsay for southeast industrial park Back to video
The city says efforts to move the plant were spurred in large part by the need for an elevated guideway to the future Green Line LRT. The Lilydale site was identified as having strong potential for future mixed-use redevelopment along the LRT line.
“Strategic land purchases such as this will enable development to occur over time around our transit stations,” Michael Thompson, Calgary’s director of transportation infrastructure, said in a city news release.
Carra, who has been working with the community on issues related to the plant since he was elected in 2010, described the move as “very, very good news.”
“The only way that this plant was going to move was if there was a bigger, more compelling vision that brought with it sufficient resources to actually make the move viable,” the Ward 9 councillor said.
“And that big strategic vision, of course, was the Green Line, and the community worked diligently on envisioning a better future and a much changed future for the community.”
John Holt, president of the Ramsay Community Association, said the development is “quite exciting” for the neighbourhood.
“We’re going through a lot of change right now and I believe that all residents in Ramsay are looking forward to seeing some change on that site,” he said.
He noted that for the past three years, the community association has been “quite happy” with the current owners of the plant.
“Prior to that, obviously, there were some issues around smells coming out of the plant, traffic noise, noise from mechanical fans and dust kicked up and feathers flying from the back of trucks,” he said.
Sofina Foods is planning to build a new plant in the Dufferin North Industrial Park that would open around 2020. The city said the timeline for moving out of the current Lilydale plant is unknown, but will align with the construction schedule for the Green Line.
“The new site is ideally situated to ensure a smooth transition for our producers, for our suppliers and for our employees,” Sofina CEO Michael Latifi said in the city’s news release.
Carra described the current plant as “the last vestige of the old stockyards businesses.”
“As the stockyard business changed and everything moved out, we have this weird living fossil of a plant that’s hugely big, hugely impactful, stuffed awkwardly into a neighbourhood whose circumstances have completely changed,” he said.
“Heavy industrial uses like a slaughterhouse right next to people’s homes are never a good fit.”
The city said it expects to close the real estate deal in late 2018.
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Support Local Businesses 14 Ways in 14 Days
November 2, 2020 by CalumetCityAdmin in Uncategorized
https://www.nwitimes.com/news/amid-second-shutdown-calumet-city-looks-to-support-local-businesses/article_b9af4cbc-8f57-51cf-9e80-d6940ad60a73.html
CALUMET CITY — Like a lot of restaurant owners, Dorian Menchaca has had a rough seven months since the pandemic set in.
Menchaca has had to lay off half his staff at Don Pedro’s Mexican Bar and Grill on Torrence Avenue. And a lucrative side business as a caterer “got completely wiped out,” he said.
“We were catering multiple times a week with Fortune 500 companies downtown,” Menchaca said. “No longer are companies putting 100 and 200 employees together.”
Gone too is the demand for his second-floor banquet area, which used to be booked solid every weekend.
But during the initial shutdown, Menchaca found time to do some long-planned renovations. He signed up for delivery with Door Dash and Uber Eats, and even set up a makeshift drive-thru.
Those innovations, plus the support of a loyal customer base for a restaurant that turns 30 in February, have kept Don Pedro going.
Then came last week’s bad news: Illinois Gov. J.B. Pritzker, citing worsening COVID-19 numbers, ordered a ban on indoor service at bars and restaurants in Region 10, covering suburban Cook County.
“This next shutdown is like a punch to the gut,” Menchaca said.
Calumet City Mayor Michelle Markiewicz Qualkinbush understands that. So she directed city workers to go out and record short videos at local establishments impacted by the ban to blast out on the city’s social media.
“I know it’s tough for our small businesses,” Markiewicz Qualkinbush said. “We’re doing everything we can to support them while following the (state) guidelines.”
The hope is that suburban Cook County’s COVID-19 stats will improve enough after two weeks of mitigation measures to allow indoor service again at bars and restaurants.
Hence the second element in Calumet City’s social media blitz: publicizing “14 Ways in 14 Days” to support restaurants and bars. They include ordering pickup, delivery or drive-thru; buying merchandise and gift cards; bundling up and eating outside where it’s available and before winter sets in; and finally, “Always think local — shop Calumet City.”
“We want this to be for (just) 14 days,” Markiewicz Qualkinbush said. “We don’t want it to continue.”
Neither does Menchaca, who appreciates having local government in his corner during these tough times.
“I think right now, small business and the city have to work together,” he said. “We’re all in this together.”
© 2016 Calumet City | All rights reserved.
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Marijuana tax hits the ballot for Madera voters
Last updated July 31, 2020 by C.E. News on July 31, 2020
https://cannabisexaminers.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/SUNP-Hemp.png
A measure to establish a cannabis business license tax in Madera is headed to the November ballot.
Madera City Council voted 5-2 on July 15 to place the measure on the ballot and give voters the chance to decide on enacting the tax.
However, Madera does not currently permit cannabis businesses, meaning the tax would not have any effect unless the city council decided to legalize marijuana businesses in the future.
The measure will require a majority vote to pass in November.
California voters approved Proposition 64 in November 2016, which legalized the use of recreational marijuana.
Shortly following that, the state legislature passed the Medicinal and Adult Use Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act, which created a licensing and regulatory framework, allowing cities to tax marijuana businesses.
In May, the city council got the ball rolling by beginning to explore a potential marijuana tax ordinance, which came to fruition at the July 15 meeting.
If the measure passes, the maximum amounts the city could tax marijuana businesses are as follows:
$10 per canopy square foot for cultivation (adjustable for inflation).
6 percent of gross receipts for retail businesses.
4 percent for all other cannabis business activities.
The city projects the tax could generate $720,000-$1.08 million annually for the general fund once all businesses have been operating for a year.
Estimations for the cost of placing the measure on the ballot are between $90,000-$100,000.
The ballot language will read: “Shall the measure which would tax cannabis and hemp businesses if City permits and regulates such businesses, at annual rates not to exceed $10.00 per canopy square foot for cultivation (adjustable for inflation), 6% gross receipts for retail businesses, and 4% for all other such businesses which is projected to generate $720,000 to $1,080,000 annually and continue in effect until terminated by City voters with funds generated used for general fund purposes be adopted?”
Medical marijuana headed to Mississippi ballots in November
Romanian man faces up to 40-year prison term after marijuana bust in Utah
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Home › Events › WCP2014: Abstracts from NC-IUPHAR members
WCP2014: Abstracts from NC-IUPHAR members
Posted on June 30, 2014 by guidetopharmacology — Leave a comment
The 17th World Congress of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (WCP2014) is now rapidly approaching and several NC-IUPHAR members will be attending the Congress. The followings talks will be presented on Tuesday 15th July 2014 15.30-17.00 in Track 6 of the programme: NC-IUPHAR and the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY.
From Sir Colin Dollery, Clinical Translational Pharmacology group:
NC-IUPHAR 1987-2014 and beyond
At the Sydney, Australia IUPHAR Congress in 1987, when I became President of IUPHAR, the Executive Committee decided to establish NC-IUPHAR, a committee on receptor nomenclature. At this time there was very little structural knowledge of receptors but a standardised nomenclature system was badly needed. The rapid ascent of NC-IUPHAR owed much to its first chair, Paul Vanhoutte’s energy, persuasive talents, and infectious enthusiasm. It was clear that a critical convergence was taking place between experimental and molecular pharmacology with a need to standardise nomenclature and provide an authoritative review of the evidence published on the properties of these molecules and the substances that interacted with them. A critical decision was to form over 60 expert committees with world wide membership to ensure a high quality of review. Since then there has been an exponential growth in activity, following the sequencing of the whole genome. Successive chairs, Bob Ruffolo and Michael Spedding, have contributing greatly to sustaining the quality and momentum of NC-IUPHAR as have those who have maintained the database. The volume and complexity of the data available continues to expand and the scope of the NC-IUPHAR-DB has expanded with it. Initially focused on GPCRs it has expanded to include ion channels, nuclear receptors, homo and heterodimers and current work on the kinome. NC-IUPHAR has an h-index of >60 and has a freely available database on receptors which will be described fully in this symposium. As the volume of BIG Data explodes the need for critical curation to maintain high standards of accuracy in documentation of targets and ligands in pharmacology and clinical pharmacology will grow too.
From Michael Spedding, NC-IUPHAR chairperson:
How two decades of NC-IUPHAR have helped resolve controversy in drug discovery
NC-IUPHAR (the nomenclature committee of IUPHAR) is engaged in a major task: How can we define all the main receptor and drug targets coded by the human genome, and put them in a database (guidetopharmacology.org) freely accessible to all? Even more important, link them to therapeutics and pharmacological target validation? The immense recent growth of knowledge about drug targets, with their crystal structures, has been a huge help to drug discovery and while IUPHAR classifications are regularly used, we are able to be proactive including targets, and contacting experts. We have 80 subcomittees of >700 pharmacologists contributing in their relevant fields, organised by our 5 curators, who are financed by the IUPHAR, the Wellcome trust, the BPS and our industrial sponsors. We have 2500 proteins in the database, with >6000 ligands, ~600 approved drugs. With the vast increase in knowledge, why is drug discovery not more successful? Perhaps because the increase in knowledge has been matched by the increase in variables affecting drug-receptor interactions. This is why we try and include data on how the new ‘knowledge frontiers’ of alternative spicing, non-coding RNAs, epigenetics, allostery, and biased signalling may affect drug discovery and development. An example : Doriano Fabbro, with Elena Faccenda as curator, has produced a complete database of kinases – with their pharmacology, thanks also to Novartis, Discoverx, Millipore and Reaction Biology providing data. This is an expert-based system, based on validated data, freely available to all, in our publications or on http://www.guidetopharmacology.org. However, these variables also lead to controversy and disagreement, sometimes fierce, between experts. NC-IUPHAR is the arbiter, and sometimes the target, of occasionally vivid controversy. Some examples will be given! But this means that we are relevant. NC-IUPHAR is open to all pharmacologists!
From Adam Pawson, Senior Database Curator:
IUPHAR-DB, GRAC and the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
The International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology/British Pharmacological Society (IUPHAR/BPS) Guide to PHARMACOLOGY (http://www.guidetopharmacology.org) is a new open access resource providing pharmacological, chemical, genetic, functional and pathophysiological data on the targets of approved and experimental drugs. Created under the auspices of the IUPHAR and the BPS, the portal provides concise, peer-reviewed overviews of the key properties of a wide range of established and potential drug targets, with in-depth information for a subset of important targets. The resource is the result of curation and integration of data from two well-established resources: (1) the IUPHAR Database [IUPHAR-DB; the original database of the IUPHAR Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification (NC-IUPHAR) and driving force behind the development of the Guide to PHARMACOLOGY] and; (2) the published BPS ‘Guide to Receptors and Channels’ (GRAC) compendium. The data are derived from a global network of expert contributors, and the information is extensively linked to relevant databases, including ChEMBL, DrugBank, Ensembl, PubChem, UniProt and PubMed. Each of the ∼6000 small molecule and peptide ligands is annotated with manually curated 2D chemical structures or amino acid sequences, nomenclature and database links. Future expansion of the resource will complete the coverage of all the targets of currently approved drugs and future candidate targets, alongside educational resources to guide scientists and students in pharmacological principles and techniques. GRAC has now been superseded by ‘The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY’, a biennial snapshot of the overviews of the key properties of each target family, intended to be a quick desktop reference guide.
From Chris Southan, Database Curator and Chairperson of the NC-IUPHAR Drugs and Targets Annotation Subcommittee
Analysing the drug targets in the human genome
Discerning the molecular mechanisms of action (mmoa) for drugs treating human diseases is crucially important. This talk will provide an overview of target numbers in IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, compare these to other sources and consider the wider implications for drug discovery. We have developed stringent mapping criteria for primary targets (i.e. identifying those direct protein interactions mechanistically causative for therapeutic efficacy). This includes inter-source corroboration by intersecting multiple drug sources inside PubChem to produce consensus structure sets. The analogous approach is used to intersect published target lists and database subsets at the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot identity level. Our cumulative curation results reveal that structure representation differences, data provenance and variability of assay results, are major issues for experimental pharmacology and global database quality. While our activity mappings encompass some polypharmacology (e.g. dual inhibitors and kinase panel screens) our strategic choice is to annotate minimal rather than maximal target sets. The consequent increased precision gives our database high utility for data mining, linking and cross-referencing. Our small-molecule figures are currently converging to ~200 human protein primary targets for ~1000 consensus chemical structures of approved drugs. Target lists from other sources are typically larger and show a degree of discordance. Comparative analysis of these lists by their UniProt ID content and Gene Ontology distributions suggests differences in curatorial selection are the main cause of divergence. The global target landscape thus shows paradoxical trends. On the one hand, cumulative drug research output and recent expansions (e.g. epigenetic targets and orphan diseases) have pushed bioactive compounds from papers or patents to above 2 million and chemically modulatable human proteins above 1500 (PMID:24204758). On the other hand, reports of Phase II clinical efficacy failure, with implicit target de-validation, are frequent. In addition, our assessment of drug approval data from 2009 to 2013 indicates new targets (i.e. first-in-class mmoas) are so low as to threaten the sustainability of the pharmaceutical industry. Causes and consequences of these paradoxes, along with utilities for minimal and maximal druggable genomes, will be discussed.
From Simon Maxwell, Educational Site Project Leader
The IUPHAR/ASPET Pharmacology Education Project
Pharmacology has been the science at the heart of many of the advances in healthcare that we now take for granted. Those advances have depended on expertise in all areas from basic pharmacology through translational research to prescribing and monitoring the use of medicines by patients. Each step has required individuals with a clear grasp of the fundamental principles of pharmacology and clinical pharmacology supported by knowledge of the actions of specific drugs. For many scientists, and in many academic institutions, there has been an erosion of the visibility and profile of the pharmacological sciences as we move progressively into an era of inter-disciplinarity. The IUPHAR/ASPET Pharmacology Education Project seeks to bridge this gap and promote learning in pharmacology to a worldwide audience. The specific aims of the project are to: (i) produce a simple, attractive easily searchable resource that will support students of the pharmacological and other biomedical sciences, as well as health professions students including medicine, nursing, pharmacy and others; (ii) make high quality resources available to support pharmacology educators; and (iii) service the needs of students and teachers in resource-poor countries or where pharmacology is less well developed. The project has been supported for the first two years by a generous grant from ASPET and will be led by an international Editorial Board bringing together individuals with demonstrable commitment to pharmacology education. That group will welcome the input of colleagues from around the world as it brings together links to existing resources and gradually creates new ones. The content will be divided broadly into four sections: pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, drugs and therapeutics. Each section will be divided into modules, which will have associated topics to which learning resources will be attached (e.g. web-links, articles, video and audio files, PowerPoint). The longer-term aspiration would be that each topic would have an associated summary text generated by the editors. In addition to this simple structure there might be additional content including a formulary, glossary, and discussion board.
Additionally, Chris will be presenting a poster entitled ‘Will the real drugs please stand up? with the following abstract:
BACKGROUND: A comparison of database subsets of approved drugs in 2009 recorded only 807 exact structures in-common (PMID:20298516). Factors contributing to low overlap included semantic naming inconsistencies, ambiguity in structure representation and the fact that neither regulatory bodies nor pharmaceutical companies directly verify public electronic chemical database records. This work is a current comparison of drug sources inside PubChem.
METHODS: We selected submitters that nominally included small-molecule drug collections and International Non-proprietary names (INNs) and/or US approved names (USANS). Unions, intersects and differences were derived by using the Entrez query history interface to perform Boolean operations on retrieved sets. Additional filters were explored, including salt-stripping by selecting a covalent unit count of 1.
RESULTS: DrugBank 3.0 declares 1,541 small-molecule drugs and the term “approved” returned 1,424 substances (SIDs) in PubChem. These collapse to 1,392 compounds (CIDs), and removal of mixtures reduces to 1,325. The Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) declares 1,540 approved drugs on their website. The CID overlap with the DrugBank 1,325 was 1,108, and the equivalent figure for ChEMBL_17 was 1,141. The three-way consensus (from the DrugBank starting point) was 1,003. The term INN retrieves 7,916 CIDS, reducing to 7,180 single-components. USAN brings back 5,494 of which only 3,204 are single-component (i.e. more salt forms are designated as USANs). Of the 1,108 3-way set, 927 have an INN or USAN. The “same connectivity” query indicates, on average, each of the 927 have nearly 20 canonically-related CIDs. Issues associated with these metrics will be outlined and, depending on new source releases, the numbers will be updated.
CONCLUSIONS: A surprising degree of non-overlap persists in drug structures. Our results are not a criticism of the valuable sources but further analysis is needed of the multiplicity of structural representations and fuzzy naming of essentially the same canonical drugs inside PubChem. This important issue in cheminformatics extends beyond the INNs to all pharmacologically active structures. It also rationalises our IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY strategic choice of focusing on consensus sets for curation. This work indicates definitive drug lists will remain elusive until there is more collective engagement for provenance, standardisation and cross-mapping.
This poster (no.529) will be displayed on Monday 14th and Tuesday 15th July but is also available to view on SlideShare.
‹ Case studies in chemical curation III: complexes and component mixtures
NC-IUPHAR newsletter Summer 2014 ›
Database Release 2020.4
Hot topics: A cryptic binding pocket in K2P2 exposes new avenues for drug development.
Hot Topics: Gene Symbol usage and the need to do better
© 2021 guidetopharmacology blog
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BAIBA: New Weight Loss Ingredient Generates Exercise in a Pill?!
Posted on November 13, 2019 by Mike Roberto | 5 Comments
This amino acid has a similar structure to beta alanine and taurine, and is created naturally when you exercise. But can ingesting it make your body kick into “exercise mode” without lifting a finger?!
We’re always on the lookout for supplement ingredients that could be the “Next Big Thing”, and it’s very possible we just found one for dieters.
Its name is BAIBA (pronounced “BAY-buh”), and it may be able to mimic certain fat-burning processes that occur in your body when exercising – even when you’re not working out!
Of course, we never suggest avoiding exercise, but research published in 2014 definitely got our attention, which is why we originally wrote this article in 2015. Four years later, we finally found a trustworthy ingredient supplier in NNB Nutrition’s MitoBurn, allowing us to pursue more research.
BAIBA (or β-aminoisobutyric acid) is an “amino acid” generated during exercise.
It is involved in several healthy processes, such as the thermogenic browning of white fat and exercise-based prevention of bone and muscle loss.
When supplemented, it is pro-ketogenic and increases fatty acid oxidation in the liver while protecting against fat gain and improving glucose tolerance in mice. (See the BAIBA Research section)
There are two isomers of BAIBA, L-BAIBA and D-BAIBA, research shows L-BAIBA is superior for supplementation because it leads to more positive metabolic health outcomes.
The preferred BAIBA Supplement ingredient is MitoBurn by NNB Nutrition. (See the BAIBA Supplements section)
Interested in trying NNB Nutrition’s MitoBurn for your brand’s formulas? Contact us and we’ll arrange a sample for you or email NNB Nutrition directly at info@nnbnutrition.com!
Suggested doses are 250-500mg, 1-2 times per day. (See the BAIBA Dosage section)
There are no currently known side effects at the above doses, but because it is a new ingredient with limited human research, caution is suggested.
In 2019, safety data was conducted on mice and showed L-BAIBA’s LD50 (lethal dose for 50% of animals) was well over 2,000mg/kg of body weight, which means we’re very comfortable with the suggested dose.
Under DSHEA, BAIBA is by definition a dietary supplement since it covers several sections.
No statements on this page are approved by the FDA and you should seek a doctor’s approval before beginning any new supplement or dietary program.
This article was originally written in 2015, but updated in 2019 after finally finding a reputable raw material source from NNB Nutrition.
This ingredient is incredibly interesting, especially to aggressive dieters, but is definitely not for the conservative or cautious user — at least until more human-based research is published.
This article is science-intense, so get ready:
What is BAIBA?
L-BAIBA vs. D/R-BAIBA: Which Form is Best?
BAIBA’s Connection to Valine and Thymine
Valine: The underrated BCAA due to its metabolism to BAIBA
Why L-BAIBA is Superior to R-BAIBA
What is BAIBA used for?
Discovery of BAIBA
“Exercise in a pill”??
Watch our BAIBA video with Shawn Wells
BAIBA’s role in the body
PPAR alpha and PGC1 alpha
PGC1 Alpha’s role
PPAR Alpha – Closer to the end game
Brown vs. White Adipose Tissue
White Fat: The ugly kind we all want to burn
Brown Fat: The Energy User
How BAIBA works: the ‘exercise in a pill’ part
Converting to a hybrid fat with the best of both worlds
Partial leptin deficiency: incredibly promising for obesity
The hazardous leptin negative feedback loop – can it be stopped?
Other BAIBA Research Studies: Various positive effects
A pro-ketogenic molecule
Hepatic fatty acid oxidation: clear liver fat faster?
Prevention of Disuse-Based Bone and Muscle Loss
Improvement of glucose tolerance and insulin resistance related issues
Improvements from a high-fat diet
Improvements to diabetic mice
Protection against renal fibrosis in mice
BAIBA Supplements
MitoBurn by NNB Nutrition: The Trusted and Tested form of BAIBA
MitoBurn Lab Test Provided
Interested in trying MitoBurn?
BAIBA dosage
Dosage timing
BAIBA’s Safety Data: Exceptionally High LD50 in Mice
What Does LD50 Represent?
NNB Nutrition’s MitoBurn’s LD50: Greater than 2,000mg/kg!
Heat stability (for use in liquid / “RTD” applications)
Where Does BAIBA Fit Into The DSHEA Standards?
BAIBA Has an Additional Foundation in Nature (Botanicals)
BAIBA is Isolated in Wedgewood Iris
Who will benefit from BAIBA use?
Stacking BAIBA
Yohimbine HCl
Higenamine or Synephrine
Attempting to go where no fat burner has gone before
Preventing new fat deposits?
The potential overall health impacts
Some Anecdotal Experience: Mike’s BAIBA Review
Conclusion: “BAIBA, when I think about you…”
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BAIBA, or β-aminoisobutyric acid, is an amino acid generated during exercise (an “exercise-induced muscle factor”) that is not naturally found in the genetic code of any organism — it’s formed when either thymine or valine are broken down.[1]
This means that BAIBA, while an amino acid, is not a building block for proteins but rather is used as a signaling molecule within the body. Because of this, consuming it will not contribute to the development of muscle mass like traditional essential amino acids (often used for recovery during or after a workout), but it may hold promise for fat-loss – and weight loss.
There are two forms of BAIBA discussed in the literature: L-BAIBA (S-BAIBA) and D-BAIBA (R-BAIBA).[28,29] These two types are also referred to as enantiomers, which means they’re a pair of molecules that are mirror images of each other. You could also think of them as “right-handed” and “left-handed” notations because they are similar to your left and right hands – similar structure, similar components, but do not “map” on top of each other. Most researchers suggest that D-BAIBA is the most prevalent enantiomer in urine,[28,30] but newer research confirms that L-BAIBA is most major in plasma.[31]
The two forms of BAIBA are also linked to two amino acids, thymine and valine. L-BAIBA is formed from the mitochondrial reactions of L-valine, a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), whereas D-BAIBA is formed from thymine metabolism.[32]
Many athletes already take BCAA supplements, which contains a decent amount of valine. There are a total of three amino acids that collectively make up the BCAA group: Leucine, Isoleucine, and Valine. The first two are widely known for their ability to initiate muscle protein synthesis. However, in the past the importance of valine was not very well understood.
Thanks to the latest research on BAIBA, we’re starting to get a better understanding of just how important valine is. These three amino acids are also part of the nine essential amino acids humans must consume, because the body cannot synthesize them.[33] Therefore, it is crucial to get these from our diets.
Given that L-BAIBA comes from valine and R-BAIBA comes from thymine, is one really biologically “better” than the other when taken as a supplement?
Research shows L-BAIBA is the form that increases during muscle contractions due to the oxidation of L-valine.[24] Because of this phenomenon, L-BAIBA is also referred to as an “exercise-induced muscle factor”. Since L-BAIBA comes from valine metabolism, this growing body of evidence shines a light on the importance of valine supplementation (and overall complete protein intake) for physically active people or those in a calorie deficit. Although there still may be some benefits to D-BAIBA, the one that is showing the most positive metabolic health effects is L-BAIBA.[32]
Next, we investigate BAIBAs effectiveness as a fat-burning / weight-loss product and its potential effectiveness at enhancing performance.
As you know, the increasing obesity rate in the western world has given rise to a host of metabolic conditions that number in the top ten leading causes of death in the world.[2] As such, researchers from around the globe have been searching frantically for ways to combat obesity and reduce the impact of these metabolic conditions.
One of these research strategies is targeted at the development of anti-obesity compounds that work to increase fat mobilization and oxidation (freeing up stored fat then burning it for energy) that are also relatively side effect free and effective.
It is in this context — severe weight disorders — that BAIBA is being researched.[1,2,3]
BAIBA is also known as β-aminoisobutyric acid, 3-Aminoisobutyric acid, 3-amino-2-methylpropanoate, 3-amino-2-methylpropanoic acid, and 3-amino-isobutanoate
In a large ongoing study known as the Framingham Heart Study , the relationship between BAIBA and metabolic risk factors humans came to light.[1] Researchers noted that study participants who were put on an exercise program had higher levels of BAIBA, and that higher levels of naturally occurring BAIBA seemed to coincide with lower levels of circulating glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol.[1]
The findings were so substantial that they even made their way into online news sites that claimed BAIBA may be ‘exercise in pill form’ — if BAIBA could be synthesized and placed in a capsule.[4]
The idea being that BAIBA could either be used in conjunction with exercise to enhance its effects, or instead of, to still gain some of the metabolic benefits of exercise without actually lifting a finger – though it remains to be seen if the reality matches the media’s hyperbole.
Mike brought industry guru Shawn Wells on to discuss BAIBA – check out the video below if you’d rather listen than read!
Now let’s get to the fun part:
BAIBA mimics the role of exercise through a few interrelated pathways, however, it must be emphasized that BAIBA does not augment structural changes in muscle (hypertrophy) or cause an increase in strength in any way.
Instead, BAIBA’s effects are based around metabolic changes in the liver and in fatty tissue. Some of these are:
New research has shown that BAIBA may protect from disuse-based bone loss thanks to it preventing osteocyte cell death that would have been induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS).[24]
Changes the characteristics of energy storing white adipose tissue into energy burning brown-like adipose tissue via PPAR alpha.[1,3]
Increases liver (hepatic) beta oxidation (fat burning) though a PPARa mediated mechanism.
Protect against fat gain in mice with partial leptin deficiency.[1,3,5]
Increase plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate, which is the primary ketone body generated when beta-oxidizing fat (especially on a ketogenic diet)[18]
Improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and PPARa[23,25]
Prevent disuse-based bone and muscle loss through the Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor Type D (MRGPRD) to prevent the breakdown of mitochondria and cell death due to reactive oxygen species (ROS)[24]
The below diagram highlights the process by which BAIBA is increased and how it exerts its effects:
The process by which BAIBA is increased and how it exerts its effects[1]
At this point, we need to dig deeper and discuss the functions mentioned above, which will help explain how BAIBA works and how it is expressed.
As stated above, BAIBA performs most of its roles through PPAR alpha activation, however, it is only released when another protein is expressed in muscle tissue – PGC1 alpha.[1,3,7]
PGC 1 alpha is a protein that is increased during and after aerobic exercise. It contributes to the way our bodies respond to an exercise stimulus — by performing the following tasks:
increasing development of mitochondria (cell powerhouses),
regulating blood pressure,
regulating cholesterol, and
by changing the composition of our fat cells.[7]
PGC1 alpha is restricted to muscle tissue so in order to exert its effects elsewhere in the body, it uses ‘messenger’ molecules , called myokines, such as irisin and BAIBA to do its bidding in other areas of the body.[7]
BAIBA acts on PPARa to perform the roles of white adipose browning, increase of beta oxidation and decrease in fat creation.[1,3,8]
“BAIBA is released from the muscle after an exercise bout, promoting differentiation of brown adipocyte-like cells within subcutaneous fat depots and fat oxidation in the liver.”[6]
In short hand, exercise increases PGC-1alpha, PGC-1alpha increases BAIBA, BAIBA increases PPAR alpha activity, and PPARa activity does a lot of the work we ultimately desire when exercising.
PPAR alpha is a major regulator of lipid metabolism in the liver, involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and increases in energy utilisation. It performs its work through increasing fatty acid transport, binding, and activation and through beta oxidation.[5,9]
Beta oxidation is the process in which fat is broken down for use as energy in the body.[5]
Next, let’s take a look at the different forms of adipose in the body to see how BAIBA influences these, and why it matters.
In the body, we have two major types of adipose tissue: brown and white.[3,10].
The most predominant one is white adipose tissue, which represents the store of energy in our bodies. This form is the type we can see and grab on our bodies, which can be broken down for energy during periods of low intensity exercise and in periods of calorie deficits.
White adipose tissue also creates the hormone leptin.[3,10]
Brown adipose tissue on the other hand is more of an energy spender than a saver [10]. Its role is more obvious in animals that hibernate throughout the winter and need to keep warm whilst they are in their slumber. Brown fat generates this heat through mitochondrial uncoupling (a form of thermogenesis that expends energy as heat) and allows these animals to stay warm without shivering.[10]
However, in humans, brown fat only constitutes a very small amount of the fat we carry as we mostly shiver, heat our house, or put on warmer clothes in order to warm up.[10] Brown adipose appears brown due to the increased mitochondria and enhanced blood supply.[3,10]
The regulation of brown and beige adipocyte development.[10]
So when a person exercises, concentrations of BAIBA dramatically increase within both skeletal muscle and within other tissues.[1,3] BAIBA then signals for an increase in the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes via PPAR alpha, which triggers the “browning of white fat”.[1]
Brown adipose cells generates heat from fat, increasing the body’s metabolism and therefore expending more calories during rest and exercise.
Interestingly, however, BAIBA doesn’t turn white fat completely brown but instead turns it into a third type known as “beige” fat.[1,10] This adipose form has the characteristics of brown fat but exists within white fat cells, thus allowing for heat generation from within the stored fat.[10]
BAIBA also influences liver fat burning and cholesterol regulation through PPAR alpha activation: when PPAR alpha is activated, it increases the expression of lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein A-V, and decreases expression of apoC-III in the liver.[11,12]
These three changes allow the breakdown of triglycerides and cholesterol and the transport of fatty acids out of the liver to be either stored again or burned for energy.
Going further, PPAR alpha activation also increases hepatic apoA-I and apoA, which increases levels of the ‘good’ cholesterol, HDL.[11,12]
Simplified scheme of BAIBA metabolism, valine degradation, and thymine catabolism[22]
BAIBA also has the potential to limit the development of obesity in mice with partial leptin deficiency when eating a hypercaloric diet.[13] This study mimics what we might observe in humans who are eating a hypercaloric diet and have higher levels of body fat.[14]
What makes this point interesting is that leptin is created in white adipose tissue, so the more fat you have, the greater amount of leptin that is produced.[14]
Getting caught in the “Leptin Negative Feedback Loop” is one of the biggest challenges you can create for yourself. Can BAIBA supplementation help anyone break the cycle?
While this seems like a good thing given leptin signals the body that it is full, overstimulation can desensitize the leptin receptors in the brain and therefore stop this mechanism from working, creating a feeling of constant hunger in obese people as well as decreasing metabolic rate; essentially mimicking a leptin deficiency.[14,15]
The above situation is known as leptin’s “negative feedback loop” and is a monumentally serious detriment to heavily overweight individuals who cannot seem to kick out of the “downward spiral” of hunger and weight gain.
In this study, BAIBA was able to curb adiposity by 27% and reduce fat mass by 40%![13]
This article was originally written in 2015, just before the surge of the ketogenic diet. It turns out that it had been known since 2004 that BAIBA increases plasma levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate in mice – despite unchanged food consumption.[18]
Beta-hydroxybutyrate, or BHB, is the primary ketone body generating when beta oxidizing fat. It becomes the main fuel source for anyone who has not ingested carbohydrates recently, and is created from either dietary fat or bodyfat when fasted or in caloric deficit.
The researchers suggested that BAIBA “increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis”, which becomes extremely important for dieters because many researchers (including ourselves) postulate that bodyfat won’t get seriously worked off until the liver‘s is first cleared out.
There are several ways of doing this, such as high intensity interval training (HIIT), but many obese individuals simply cannot partake in this type of activity. Thus, any molecule that safely makes this happen faster is of immediate interest.
In 2018, already knowing its white fat browning and insulin sensitization capabilities, a team of researchers investigated some alternate pathways BAIBA could operate on. They connected BAIBA to the well-known ability for exercise to prevent bone loss. Their research showed that the molecule “prevents osteocyte cell death induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS)”:[24]
L-BAIBA was as or more protective than estrogen or N-acetyl cysteine, signaling through the Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor Type D (MRGPRD) to prevent the breakdown of mitochondria due to ROS. BAIBA supplied in drinking water prevented bone loss and loss of muscle function in the murine hindlimb unloading model, a model of osteocyte apoptosis.[24]
While we once again always recommend regular exercise, it’s simply not always possible for some individuals. Supplementing BAIBA may provide at least some (but likely not all) of the osteoprotective benefits of exercise. It’s important to note that BAIBA supplementation worked best in the younger subjects when it came to bone loss prevention.
Insulin resistance is believed by many to be central to most modern diseases. Two recent studies have shown improvements to glucose sensitivity and insulin resistance.
Despite eating the most calories, the high-fat diet mice that also received BAIBA had far less weight gain and better blood glucose scores than their non-BAIBA counterparts.[23]
In the first study from 2015,[23] mice were put on a high-fat diet (“HFD”: 60% energy from fat) and eventually became “glucose intolerant” due to their lack of use of glucose. Some of these mice were given BAIBA, others were not, and both of those HFD groups were compared to placebo.Treatment with BAIBA for eight weeks significantly improved HFD-induced glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, and did so in the muscle cells.[23] This could have serious implications for ketogenic dieters looking to remain metabolically flexible.
Meanwhile, it also decreased the weight gain from the high-fat diet, even though the high-fat dieting mice taking BAIBA ingested the most calories!
Another study published in 2016 showed that “BAIBA attenuates glucose metabolic disturbance and improves insulin resistance in STZ/HFD-induced type 2 diabetes in mice.”[25]
In this study, the researchers stressed the bodies of the mice (especially the livers) through various mechanisms involving AMPK, and were able to attenuate the damage each time with BAIBA treatment.
The primary novel findings in the present study are that oral administration of BAIBA attenuates hepatic ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress, apoptosis and glucose/lipid metabolic disturbance in type 2 diabetes.[25]
Looking at the mechanisms discussed above, in 2018, a team of researchers hypothesized that BAIBA may slow kidney fibrosis by slowing the formation of fibroblasts (a common type of connective tissue) in the kidneys.[26] They tested several known pathways and gene expressions and had some seriously successful results with some of them:
“Taken together, our data provide the first demonstration that BAIBA significantly alleviated the fibrotic responses and renal functional impairment in the obstructed kidneys. Inhibition of Ang II / IL-17 / ROS signaling pathway was responsible for the role of BAIBA in attenuating renal fibrosis. BAIBA may be useful for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney diseases.”[26]
Now before anyone dismisses this idea purely because it was established in mice, be mindful that most preliminary trials are first conducted in rodents to assess potential mechanisms that warrant further investigation in humans, as well as for the obvious ethical reasons.
We’re not saying that if you jump right on board, you’ll reduce your fat mass by any appreciable amount. We’re saying that this research looks incredibly promising, and then some — and we can’t wait to see more of it.
MitoBurn from NNB Nutrition has been tested out to be a pure form of BAIBA on the market!
Now that you have some background, it’s time to talk about supplements. However, remember that there is little-to-no published human research at this point, and this is not for anyone who is even remotely cautious or conservative.
It goes without saying that absolutely no statements on this page have been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration, and that this compound is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Discuss any new diet and/or supplementation protocol with a licensed physician, and that is doubly true for a prospective new ingredient such as this one.
NNB Nutrition’s MitoBurn is the premier form of BAIBA on the market
With that disclaimer in mind, there is currently one company who has a BAIBA raw material ingredient: NNB Nutrition, who has an L-BAIBA ingredient named MitoBurn️.[27]
MitoBurn sports the following features:
HPLC tested and purity verified, with lab tests available
L-isomer confirmed via optical rotation testing (this is the more important / active isomer, as the D-isomer is from the breakdown of thymine and is biologically inactive)
Comes in “Free acid” form, which is more potent
A fine white powder that is stable in aqueous solution and also perfect for encapsulation.
We asked NNB for an HPLC test, and they immediately provided one (Full PDF available here):
NNB Nutrition provided this HPLC lab test for MitoBurn, with one central peak and no additional “noise” or impurities. Full PDF Available Here
Formulators and brands looking to get a sample of BAIBA should check out NNBNutrition.com, email NNB Nutrition directly at info@nnbnutrition.com, or contact us and we will arrange for a test!
The data surrounding the optimal oral dosage of BAIBA in humans is seriously lacking.
When dealing with powders – especially potent ones, it’s critical you use a digital scale that measures down to the milligram.
From the studies performed on mice, we are able to calculate the human equivalent dose which is normalized for body surface area. The successful BAIBA studies done mice equals about 0.016g per kg of bodyweight. For example a 60kg (132lb) human would need roughly 1g/day and a 100kg (220lbs) human would need closer to 1.5g/day.
However, those studies used mixed isomers, while newer data shows that L-BAIBA is the active one. Therefore, when using pure L-BAIBA, we can cut those converted doses in half, leading us to the aforementioned recommended 250-500mg, 1-2x per day.
This is indeed the recommendation from NNB Nutrition, who recommends 250-500mg per serving with 1-2 servings taken per day.
There is no clinical data testing the timing, but looking at the mechanism, it’s clear to see that the two doses should be split apart in the day, with one of the doses used in a pre workout setting.
In the mice trials the BAIBA was given through the drinking water which the mice drank throughout the day.
Before we dive into L-BAIBA’s LD50, we must first have a good understanding of what it means and why it’s important. Virtually every supplement or medication has an LD50 which stands for “Lethal Dose 50%” or “median lethal dose”. This represents the dosage of a given substance required to kill 50% of the tested population (typically in the context of the subject’s body weight). This is crucial for making sure the product is safely dosed, because too much of nearly anything can lead to negative effects.
Late in 2019, NNB Nutrition provided PricePlow with a third-party analysis that assessed the LD50 dosage of L-BAIBA (MitoBurn) in mice.
The data is provided below, but in summary the results show MitoBurn’s LD50 is more than 2,000mg/kg of body weight since there were no adverse clinical reactions or mortality experienced at that dose.[34] Based on our recommendations on how much BAIBA you should take per day, 2,000mg/kg is way above that, so this is great safety news.
Interestingly, you can count this as yet another “weight loss success”, although that was obviously not the purpose in the LD50 trial.[34]
Even at extremely high doses, the LD50 in mice has not yet been discovered.[34]
It’s also important to note, that 2000mg/kg was the max dose tested, and even at that insanely high dose, the LD50 still remains unknown in mice.[34] Although, higher doses lead to greater weight loss, we still recommend following the amounts discussed earlier. Discovering that L-BAIBA is extremely safe makes us even more comfortable with our suggested dosing.
For use in “RTD” (ready-to-drink) applications that require pasteurization, MitoBurn has been tested for heat stability. It is currently known to be stable up to 212°F, but note that this is the upper tested limit. If necessary, so greater temperatures can be tested.
Additionally, MitoBurn is stable in carbonated beverages.
IMPORTANT: No statements on this page have been approved by the FDA.
The following information is based upon our thorough research, but we are not lawyers. If you are a supplement manufacturer considering using BAIBA and would like further confirmation, please consult your legal team or contact us for DSHEA subject matter experts.
Here is the U.S, dietary supplements definitions and standards are governed under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) passed in 1994.[35]
According to DSHEA, written and passed by Congress, a dietary supplements are defined as any of the following:
(A) a vitamin;
(B) a mineral;
(C) an herb or other botanical;
(D) an amino acid;
(E) a dietary substance for use by man/woman to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake; or
(F) a concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combination of any ingredient described in clause (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E);
(These clauses are in addition to the fact that the ingredient in question cannot be a scheduled drug, is intended for ingestion, and a few other stipulations.)
BAIBA (β-Aminoisobutyric Acid) is an amino acid naturally found in both plants and animals, and it’s also a metabolite of two amino acids. As you can see from the list above, BAIBA is covered multiple times by DSHEA 1994, in section (D) as well as twice in section (F).
In section (D), BAIBA is covered because it’s an amino acid. We also have two more forms of coverage in section (F) crossed with section (D), since BAIBA is a metabolite of two different amino acids in thymine and valine.
BAIBA is found in multiple plants such as theobroma cacao, fabaceae, glycine max, cucurbitaceae, and glycine max,[36] thus it also covers the constituent of a botanical. Which means it crosses sections F and C. However, it’s important to note that this information was supplied by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, and they do not cite any peer-reviewed research.
A study published in 1958 titled “Isolation of β-Aminoisobutyric Acid from Bulbs of Iris tingitana var. Wedgewood”, stated the researchers were able to extract BAIBA from Wedgewood iris.[37]
This further strengthens the argument that BAIBA is covered as a botanical, since Wedgewood Iris is a plant.
After summing together all the evidence, we’re confident that L-BAIBA (MitoBurn) is in fact classified as a dietary supplement. This is great news, because this naturally-occurring amino acid can provide a host of benefits when added to a sound diet, which is the exact purpose of a supplement!
There are many types of users who may appreciate BAIBA’s effects:
Dieters with a leptin deficiency who are looking for appetite suppression assistance
Liberal supplement users who are bulking (or in periods of weight gain) and have an excessive amount of body fat will most likely benefit the most from BAIBA.
However, it can potentially be used to help those who have a high carbohydrate diet as high carbohydrate diets increase blood triglyceride levels which can interact with VLDL particles and potentially lead to heart disease in the long run.
People who are unable to exercise due to injury or excess bodyweight / obesity (see your doctor before beginning)
Keto dieters looking to increase ketone levels
Truthfully, any new supplement such as this one should first be run 100% standalone in order to assess its efficacy without any confounding variables.
After some use, if there is success and you wish to maintain, the following compounds may provide additional synergy:
Our top-rated fat burner, SteelFit Shredded Steel, has a few ingredients that may synergize with BAIBA.
Yohimbine is thought to increase noradrenaline and contribute to fat mobilisation in humans. It also inhibits regulatory processes which normally stop fat loss from occurring.[19]
Higenamine and Synephrine are beta2 adrenergic receptor agonists that are responsible for the fat loss by increasing cAMP levels in the body. They both follow the same processes which made Ephedrine a huge hit for fat loss,[20] just to a lesser degree.
Grains of Paradise is a spice that contains 6-paradol, which has been shown to increase brown fat cells and thus thermogenesis, and may synergize strongly with BAIBA due to its similar effects.
Research suggests that olive leaf helps reduce lipogenesis and may decrease fat mass in the body. Its effects can be largely contributed to its increase in triiodothyronin and thyroxin, which are thyroid hormones that are important in regulating metabolism.[21]
But once again, any new ingredient should be run standalone first.
BAIBA works to restore metabolic function and prevent obesity in animal models through several related mechanisms.
When it comes to weight loss, some products can increase the breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids. However, if there is no stimulus for them to be used for energy, they are simply reformed back into adipose tissue elsewhere.[11]
This is why it’s so important to take most fat burners discussed elsewhere on this site in a pre-workout dosage.
Come on BAIBA Light My Fire[6]
BAIBA, on the other hand, increases the breakdown of triglycerides and then increases the body’s metabolic rate through the browning of white fat, which increases the loss of energy as heat, which should allow for released fatty acids to be burned as heat.[1] This is what makes it so exciting.
When it comes to preventing fat gain, BAIBA seems to display promising results in mice by preventing the increase of fat tissue in periods of overfeeding.[13]
The mechanism involved is thought to be related to leptin levels, however more research is needed to determine the mechanism behind this.
Finally, when it comes to health, overweight people tend to have higher levels of circulating triglycerides, which are transported through the blood by very low density lipoproteins (VLDL).[16]
These smaller LDL particles are cleared from the blood plasma at a slow rate (increased residence time) where they accumulate in circulation and can penetrate the walls of arteries and cause a response from white blood cells.[16] Triglyceride accumulation can also interact with HDL cholesterol by reducing its residence time and thus decreasing reverse cholesterol transport (the removal of fat away from arteries and cell walls).[16]
This process allows triglyceride-rich LDL particles to spend far too much time in places where they can do serious damage.
There’s a possibility that BAIBA may antagonise this process by decreasing LDL and triglyceride levels, and through increasing HDL levels in the body — but, again, more research is required.[18]
Beta-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), induces beneficial effects on lipid homeostasis in mice.[13]
Listen to Mike discuss his experience with BAIBA, regarding training, heart rate, and more. The long story short? “Half a gear extra”, which we always love to take from a non-stimulant ingredient!!
Interested in trying MitoBurn from NNB? Contact us and we’ll arrange a sample for your brand!
This article was originally written in 2015, when we were very excited about it, but there have been sourcing issues that made it next to impossible to find. Four years later, we came back to update the article and found a trusted and tested supplier in NNB Nutrition who has the ingredient, and came to realize that there was even more research behind the ingredient.
Meanwhile, the diet world seems to have caught up with the effects of BAIBA, given that ultra low carb ketogenic diets have exploded during this timeframe, and this is an extremely pro-ketogenic supplement.
At the end of the day, we’re definitely more confident that BAIBA is a potential Next Big Thing, but still want to see human research before we can 100% get on board. With that said, we’re always excited about new compounds and new products, and as time has passed since our original publication, we’ve grown far more interested in the ingredient.
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Interested in trying NNB Nutrition’s MitoBurn for your brand’s formulas? Contact us and we’ll arrange a sample for you!
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Omar SH. (2010). Oleuropein in olive and its pharmacological effects; Sci Pharm
KEGG Pathway; Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Degradation Pathway Map; Kanehisa Laboratories; 2014; https://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway/map/map00280.html
Jung, Tae Woo, et al; “BAIBA attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation induced by palmitate or a high fat diet via an AMPK–PPARδ-dependent pathway in mice”; Diabetologia; September 2015, Volume 58, Issue 9, pp 2096–2105; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-015-3663-z
Kitase, Yukiko et al; “β-aminoisobutyric Acid, l-BAIBA, Is a Muscle-Derived Osteocyte Survival Factor”; Cell reports vol. 22,6 (2018): 1531-1544; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5832359/
Shi, Chang-Xiang et al; “β-aminoisobutyric acid attenuates hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and glucose/lipid metabolic disturbance in mice with type 2 diabetes”; Scientific Reports; vol. 6 21924; 24 Feb. 2016; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4764829/
Wang H, et al; “b-Aminoisobutyric acid ameliorates the renal fibrosis in mouse obstructed kidneys via inhibition of renal fibroblast activation and fibrosis”; Journal of Pharmacological Sciences; 133(4):203-213; April 2017; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28433566/
Roberto, Mike; “MitoBurn: β-Aminoisobutyric Acid (L-BAIBA) from NNB Nutrition”; The PricePlow Blog; December 10, 2019; https://blog.priceplow.com/supplement-ingredients/mitoburn
Solem, Eivind, et al; “The absolute configuration of β-aminoisobutyric acid in human serum and urine”; Clinica Chimica Acta; Volume 50, Issue 3, Pages 393-403; February 15, 1974, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0009898174901594
Vemula, Harika et al; “Gaussian and linear deconvolution of LC-MS/MS chromatograms of the eight aminobutyric acid isomers”; Analytical Biochemistry; vol. 516: 75-85; 2017; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5137252/
Van Gennip, AH, et al; “Linear relationship between the R- and S-enantiomers of a beta-aminoisobutyric acid in human urine”; Clinica Chimica Acta; 116(3):261-7; November 11, 1981; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6945923/
Mo C., Wang Z., Bian L., Isaacson J., Recker R., Lappe J., Bonewald L., Brotto M; “A Direct LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Isomeric Aminobutyric Acids in Biological Fluids and Its Application in Bone-Muscle Studies”; Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research; Montréal, QC, Canada; 28 September–1 October 2018; p. 213; [scholar.google.com]
Tanianskii, Dmitrii A et al; “Beta-Aminoisobutyric Acid as a Novel Regulator of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism”; Nutrients; vol. 11,3 524; February 28, 2019; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6470580/
Rowe, R Grant, and George Q Daley; “Stem cells: Valine starvation leads to a hungry niche”; Nature; vol. 541, 7636: 166-167; 2017; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5377926/
Vedic Lifesciences; “Acute Oral (Gavage) Toxicity of L-3-Aminoisobutyric Acid in Female Sprague Dawley Rats”; December 27, 2019; https://blog.priceplow.com/wp-content/uploads/mitoburn-l-baiba-ld50.pdf
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health; “Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994; Public Law 103-417; 103rd Congress”; Approved October 25, 1994; https://ods.od.nih.gov/About/DSHEA_Wording.aspx
FooDB; “Showing Compound (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate (FDB030157)”; Updated 2019-11-27; https://foodb.ca/compounds/FDB030157
Asen, Sam, et al; “Isolation of β-Aminoisobutyric Acid from Bulbs of Iris tingitana var. Wedgewood”; Journal of Biological Chemistry; 234, 343-346; February 1, 1959; https://www.jbc.org/content/234/2/343.long
5 Comments | Posted in New Products, Supplement Ingredients, Supplement News, Supplement Research | Tagged 3-Aminoisobutyric Acid, apoC-III, Apolipoprotein, BAIBA, Beta Alanine, Brown Fat, Fat Burners, Keto Diet Supplements, Leptin, Lipoprotein Lipase, Metabolism, MitoBurn, Mitochondria, NNB Nutrition, PGC1 Alpha, PPAR Alpha, Stimulant-Free Fat Burners, Taurine, Thymine, Valine, Weight Loss, White Fat, β-Aminoisobutyric Acid.
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Tag: 0331c
Doel, somewhere between paradise and hell
ROA, Santos, Resto
The most spellbinding urban exploration I ever experienced in an doomed place…walking down the streets of this town, the heavy silence all around you, and all the amazing art everywhere on the walls trying to bring back to life the so desperately abandoned and empty houses… Doel is a small town close to Antwerp, in Belgium. Despite a rich history build over several centuries, the government decided in the 1970’s to erase Doel from the map in order to make way for the extension and widening of Antwerp’s port. Despite decades of protests, the residents had no choice but to leave their homes. Some residents proudly continue to resist, but you can presume that the game is over. It’s this mix between human tragedy and beauty of art that made this place so attractive to me. I had a vague idea of the art I would find in the streets, Doel is now an urban art legend, but I never expected to be affected like this! And even if the most of the art has suffered from the passage of time and vandalism, it has been a blast! Here is the work of ROA, Santos, Resto, Psoman, Rotti, Koekoes, Asep, Lastplak, Jiem, 0331c, Show, Bue, Amigo, Reab, Topo, Steaz, Wacks. And more from Doel here.
Psoman
Rotti, Koekoes, Asep
ROA, Resto, OX- Lastplak
Continue reading “Doel, somewhere between paradise and hell”
As I tweeted the other day, my mind is kinda stuck on how much I wish the Parra show at Jonathan Levine Gallery opened today and not on Saturday so that I could go see it. So while I’ve been distracted by that point, here’s some of what I almost missed this week:
KATSU’s April Fools prank is a bit early, but still pretty funny.
The Outsiders / Lazarides has some really nice prints by Ron English. They are variations on his Figment image, aka Andy Warhol wig and a skull.
Barry McGee, Chris Johanson and Laurie Reid are showing together at City College and SF starting today.
Here’s a new piece from the always-interesting 0331c, but if you don’t know 0331c’s work, here’s an introduction.
Nice video of Eine updating one of his walls in London from saying PRO PRO PRO to PROTAGONIST. Interesting comment about street art being a thing that “looked like it would offer what graffiti promised but didn’t deliver.”
Nychos x Jeff Soto = Yes!
New work from Isaac Cordal.
Woah. Nice work from How and Nosm in San Fransisco.
Jonathan Jones is up to his old tricks of dissing Banksy to get more hits for his column, and I’m biting. He writes, “Banksy, as an artist, stops existing when there is no news about him.” Even if that is the case, is that the end of the world? Does that relegate Banksy to “art-lite”? No. Banksy is one of the most talked-about artists in the world. I would bet that the same criticism was leveled against Warhol, who I believe Jones likes. Banksy’s manipulation of the media, playing it like a damn violin sometimes, is some of his greatest artwork of all. He manipulates the media to spread a message. The best example of this was probably him going to Bethlehem to paint on the separation wall because he knew that the media would cover it. He was able to play the media to draw attention to an issue that he felt strongly about. Banksy’s paintings are sometimes great and sometimes not. But his ability to make people fascinated with him and his paintings is just as much of an art, and that shouldn’t discredit him.
Photo by Luna Park
Sunday link-o-rama
NEKST. Photo by C-Monster.net
So much news this week, but first and foremost is the untimely death of NEKST, a globally respected writer.
I love trains like this with messages instead of names.
But I love how 0331c uses extinguishers even more.
Here’s a porcelain sculpture by Horfe.
VNA has released a sticker pack with stickers by D*Face, Invader, Kid Zoom, Nychos and others.
Great wheatpaste by Cannon in Oakland.
Kathy Grayson defends Jeffrey Deitch, and Shepard Fairey backs her up. I’ve got to agree. He’s been getting a lot of shit for what he’s been up to as the director of the Museum of Contemporary Art Los Angeles, and I’m sure Kathy’s right that he’s not always the easiest guy to get along with, she’s also entirely right that he’s also put on good shows at MOCA and attendance has gone up because Deitch isn’t willing to be as elitist about as others in the art community would like him to be.
ZEVS hit this massive iPad ad in NYC.
Brooklyn Street Art has a great post about Overunder’s artist residency in Reno, specifically ND’A’s time there.
Photo by C-Monster.net
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Tag: Emory Douglas
Emory Douglas at The Outsiders in London
Emory Douglas, aka the former ‘Minister for Culture’ for the Black Panthers and a major influence on artists like Shepard Fairey, has a show opening this week at The Outsiders, Lazarides’ Greek Street space in London. I’m a huge fan of Emory Douglas’ work, and I think he has been massively underrated, in large part because a lot of his original work was destroyed, but also because it was so controversial. Decades late, he is finally getting the recognition he deserves. Douglas is the master of revolutionary and political artwork. This show runs from August 18th through September 10th. I highly recommend that anyone with an interest in the intersection of art and politics check it out. Douglas’ work is political art that actually means something and changed things, compared to a lot of today’s “political” street art.
Images courtesy of The Outsiders
The Bridge Is Over – a group show from Spoke Art
This should be good. Spoke Art‘s next show open’s this week at Lopo Gallery in San Fransisco and it has a few of my favorite underrated West Coast artists. Foremost among those is, of course, Emory Douglas, one of Shepard Fairey’s biggest inspirations and a great artist in his own right. I’m reading two different books right now about black liberation theology which pretty much say that I can’t appreciate Emory Douglas’ art because I’m white, but I can’t help myself.
Additionally, The Bridge Is Over includes Justin Lovato, Daryll Peirce and GATS (who I don’t think I’ve blogged about before, but whose work I’ve been admiring online for a while as similar to what people like Faro, Swampy and the Burning Candy and Everfresh crews are doing meshing street art and graffiti). Admittedly, the number of artists is this show is large enough to guarantee some bad art will find it’s way in, but that’s just the nature of large group shows.
The Bridge Is Over opens on Saturday, November 27th at Lopo Gallery.
Via Endless Canvas
Playing catch-up: It’s a link post!
Been in NYC for the last few days. Besides being busy, it seems like the hotel I was at still hadn’t quite figured out the concept of wifi extending to all rooms in the hotel… So now I’ve got a lot of stories to post about. Here’s what I missed while I was away, though you may have read about it elsewhere:
I’ve actually been meaning to post about this for a while. Ken Harman from Arrested Motion and the Hi-Fructose Blog, just curated one of the better group shows I’ve seen. Some artists of particular note would be Emory Douglas (a major influence on Shepard Fairey and important propaganda-maker in his own right), Dabs, Myla, Mike Shine and Monica Canilao. A Decade With No Name is open on Saturdays and Sundays through September 12th at 54 Washington St. Oakland, CA. My Love For You Is A Stampede of Horses has photos of Monica’s installation, and Spoke has photos of everything else and is where you can purchase the artwork.
Papergirl NY is bringing Germany’s Papergirl concept to the USA. Basically, artists get together to distribute a bunch of free art to members of the public by riding around on bikes. Their YouTube video shows what happens in a bit more detail. Papergirl NY events are taking place in New York City this week. On Tuesday and Wednesday they will be at the DUMBO Arts Center, and then Papergirl will move to The Armory where you can find them Friday through Sunday.
Mobstr hasn’t been around forever, but his humor can already rival Banksy.
Blu and Ericailcane are in Stavanger for Nuart, and their wall is one of Blu’s boldest political statements yet (after all, Stavanger is an oil-funded city, and oil money from taxes pretty much funds Nuart). Nice stuff.
I’m loving Shepard Fairey’s portrait of Johnny Ramone at Signal Gallery’s Beyond Punk show.
Graffiti in New Orleans after Katrina.
Luzinterruptus has made some “urban nests.”
I’m hoping to post some more about this in the coming days, but Jordan Seiler as written on his blog about his experiences at Living Walls.
Once5 aka Jeffrey Pena has a solo show coming up at My Addiction Gallery in Tucson, Arizona. Pena has a nice timelapse on YouTube of him putting up a large paper-cut in Brooklyn.
So that’s it for now, but I should be back to daily posts now.
Some new art at Oakland Museum of California
Oakland Museum of California has just opened a group show with artists like Barry McGee, Date Farmers and Emory Douglas in their Gallery of California Art. So cool. Oh and for those who aren’t familiar with Emory Douglas’ artwork (as I was until recently), Douglas did much of the artwork for The Black Panthers and is one of Shepard Fairey’s most clear influences.
Emory Douglas
Date Farmers
Plenty of more photos can be found on fresh888’s flickr.
Via Arrested Motion and Hi-Fructose
Photos by fresh888
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2017 Hugo winners: excellent writing and editing by brilliant women
Cory Doctorow 8:17 am Sat Aug 12, 2017
This year's Hugo Award winners have been announced, and the prizes overwhelmingly went to brilliant women like NK Jemisin and Seanan McGuire, to the eminent satisfaction of all those who saw the right-wing, misogynist, racist campaign to make science fiction inhospitable to brown people and women, took countermeasures, and for two years in a row, demonstrated the field's inclusiveness and commitment to quality, rather than pandering to reactionary panic over the prospect of a future that breaks with the shameful past.
Included in the winners: Seanan McGuire's subversive novella Every Heart a Doorway, a Campbell Award for Best New Writer for Ada Palmer and her Too Like the Lightning, and the Best Novel prize to NK Jemisin for The Obelisk Gate, the sequel to last year's Hugo-winning Fifth Season.
Other notable woman winners: Ellen Datlow for best long-form editor; Liz Gorinsky for best short-form editor; Ursula Vernon for Best Novelette for The Tomato Thief, Amal El-Mohtar for Best Short Story for Seasons of Glass and Iron, Ursula Le Guin for Best Related for "Words Are My Matter: Writings About Life and Books, 2000-2016."
This year's sweep by female creators seems to be a strong repudiation of anti-diversity groups. 2017 also marked the year the ceremony earned its own award: a representative from the Guinness Book of World Records certified that the Hugos are the longest-running science fiction awards ever.
Women swept nearly every category at the 2017 Hugo Awards
[Andrew Liptak/The Verge]
masculinity so fragile
rabid puppies
Help fund a new billboard honoring Ted Cruz
ReallyAmerican.com, the folks who put up some great billboards during the GOP senatorial run-offs, are honoring Texas' own Ted "Traitor" Cruz. Help Put These Billboards Up In Cruz's Hometown READ THE REST
"All-Star" but an AI attempts to finish the song after the first verse
Your OpenAI Jukebox scientists were so preoccupied with whether they could, they never stopped to think if they should. Details on the Neural Network, from the YouTube page: What is OpenAI Jukebox? Simply put, it's a neural net that generates music – read more about it on the official blog: https://openai.com/blog/jukebox/ Can I use Jukebox… READ THE REST
Former FBI agent describes interrogation techniques
Joe Navarro is a former FBI agent and nonverbal communications expert. In this Wired video, he describes how FBI agents interrogate people. The first thing FBI agents do is calm the suspect. Navarro says he did this by using a vocal tone that was "lower and slower." FBI agents seat suspects next to the door… READ THE REST
The charcoal grill throws almost no smoke, is fully portable in use, and delivers flavorful food
Ask any griller whether they'd rather eat food cooked over charcoal or gas – and it probably won't be much of an argument. For the rich, smoky flavoring alone, most fans of the grilling arts would pick briquette-seared meats, veggies, and more over those cooked under propane any day. Of course, that doesn't mean charcoal… READ THE REST
Save 20% on this surreal print from the Hidden Moves art collection
"Art is the journey of a free soul." – Alev Oguz There's probably nothing in your home that makes a more immediate statement about you and the person you are than what's hanging on your walls. And, when what's hanging on your walls is Welsh artist and designer Rhys Owens…well, that's a very particular statement… READ THE REST
It's a lamp that looks like an active thundercloud and you will be utterly transfixed
Even if you aren't usually a contemplative type, there is a power and majesty that washes over you as you watch a cloud roll across the sky. From stringy, wispy cirrus clouds, to serious, storm-bearing nimbus formations, clouds are nature in physical form – and they're deeply hypnotic. That's probably why this Interactive Cloud Lamp… READ THE REST
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Jolly Roger slot review
Added by Play'n GO. Information last updated: 09/12/2020
Game supplier:Play'n GO
RTP:94.98%
Volatility:Low
Play Jolly Roger
Paylines from both sides
Play'n GO score (compared to other slots of supplier)
Jolly Roger takes us back to the times of piracy and adventure on the high seas of the Pacific Ocean, where treasure and action occupied most of the time on any given day.
This slot was released in 2012 by Play ‘n GO, which means the game is almost a decade old by this point. Even though it starts to show in the graphics, I thought the gameplay was still seaworthy and the features are relevant even today.
Everything about the slot is set to fit the pirate theme. The background shows us the side of a ship’s hull, in the far distance the sea stretching out to the horizon and other ships lazily drifting by. The 5-reel, 3-row playing field is filled with original artwork that makes up the symbols. All of the symbols are also slightly animated when they’re part of 1 of the winning 15 betlines.
The music is rather underused with only an occasional jingle during the base game when there’s a win. The reels spinning does have a special sound-effect that reminded me of turning the anchor wheel. Meanwhile, different symbols have different effects when they’re part of a win which I thought was a great little way to set them apart.
All the symbols of Jolly Roger are original and fit the theme of the slot. They’re hand-drawn and look cartoony, which makes the theme of piracy a little more manageable. The different symbols are all distinct enough to tell apart, and the use of colour makes it a nice game to look at.
Scatter: Scatter Symbols award a coin win with two or more of a kind. Max. 400 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Bonus: With 3 or more Bonus symbols on the screen, the Chest Bonus is activated.
Wild: Wilds substitute all other symbols in the game and double all wins, except the Scatter, Bonus and Map symbols. Max. 10,000 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Map: With 3 Map symbols on the screen the Map Bonus is activated.
Diamond: Max. 1,250 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Ring: Max. 500 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Coin: Max. 250 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Pirate: Max. 150 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Cannon: Max. 100 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Ship: Max. 125 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Cutlasses: Max. 75 coins with five-of-a-kind on a winning payline.
Although I thought that 4 different types of bonus symbols were a little much, they look different enough to stand out. It also means that they’re more likely to trigger a feature which I found to be a very good thing. The Bonus Symbol with the Chest is good for the max. win of 4,000x your bet so you want that to activate as often as possible!
There are a few features in Jolly Roger that are largely independent of each other. Whenever you get a certain symbol on the screen it will activate that particular feature, which is divorced from the other ones. There are no features that work together.
Wilds: Wilds substitute all other symbols in the game except the special symbols. Whenever there is a win with a Wild, that win is doubled.
Chest Bonus: With 3 or more Bonus symbols on the screen at the same time, the Chest Bonus is activated. Players get to pick 3 or more chests to reveal a coin value that is awarded immediately. This can go up to 4,000x your bet.
Scatters: With 2 or more Scatter symbols on the screen a coin win is awarded, multiplied by the total bet staked.
Map Bonus: When 3 Map symbols appear on the screen, the Map Bonus is activated. Players are allowed to pick 3 spots on a map to dig. This reveals a coin value at each site which is immediately awarded.
The Chest and Map Bonus both activate a separate screen which I found quite enjoyable but I imagine other players might be annoyed as it stops the reels from spinning. Nonetheless, they look interesting and offer some variation.
The Chest Bonus puts the player in front of a massive stack of gold in some secret cave. There are a set of chests placed in front of the player who gets to choose a number of them, depending on the number of symbols that were on the screen when the bonus game activated. This feature is the one that will grant the biggest win, as the right picks can result in a 4,000x your bet win!
The Map Bonus is very similar but a little less extreme. There are only 3 map pieces at any point so the only way to activate the feature is to get all 3 of these on the screen at the same time. This happened to me quite often, which was nice to see. Once the bonus game activates we’re presented with a treasure map of an island and 5 locations we can dig at.
The player gets to pick 3 spots and will immediately see the coin value of each dig site. Picking correctly during the Map Bonus can grant a maximum win of 1,200x your bet. With the ability to pick a bet between $0.01 and $75 per spin, this can vary wildly depending on how risky you want to be!
Jolly Roger is an older slot but it still looks and plays great. The graphics are all original which instantly scores points with me, plus they are quite well animated. Other, newer slots often don’t have this much movement in their slots.
The different features are disconnected from each other. Where other slots have features that might interact from each other, in Jolly Roger, there is none of that. The only features that appear in the base game at the same time are the Wilds and Scatters, but those don’t have any influence on each other either.
If you prefer a game that completely takes place at the base game then you won’t appreciate Jolly Roger’s frequent trips to bonus games and different screens. If you’re a fan of some variation, it’ll be the perfect fit!
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Bonus game or special game: Jolly Roger has a separate bonus feature.
Paylines from both sides: The paylines in Jolly Roger go from left to right and right to left.
Scatter symbols: Collect scatter symbols to get free spins and/or cash prizes.
RTP (Return to Player):94.98%
Min. bet:C$0.01
Max. bet:C$75
Min. lines:1
You can play Jolly Roger in English, Finnish, Swedish, German and 30 other languages.
English, Finnish, Swedish, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Greek, Hungarian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Turkish, Ukrainian, Chinese, Slovene, Korean, Japanese, Indonesian, Thai, Vietnamese, Malay
Jolly Roger supports GBP, EUR, USD, CAD
159th newest on Play'n GO 2,072nd newest on Bojoko
RTP 94.98% 0.88% < average
166th highest on Play'n GO 1,944th highest on Bojoko
123rd highest on Play'n GO 808th highest on Bojoko
Paylines 15 25% < average
79th highest on Play'n GO 1,464th highest on Bojoko
Min bet C$0.01 per spin
The lowest on Play'n GO The lowest on Bojoko
Max bet C$75 per spin
150th highest on Play'n GO 1,462nd highest on Bojoko
16th most rated on Play'n GO 39th most rated on Bojoko
177 more slots listed by Play'n GO
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I've been playing videoslots for almost 10 years and been a professional reviewer for over 5. I look at slots not just as a writer but also as a player, hoping to help others find their perfect slot.
I also enjoy movies, books and travel so any slots with those topics usually have my preference. But in general I'll play everything!
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If Animals Kissed Good Night
Paul, Ann Whitford
In a cozy bedtime chat with her mom, a young girl wonders how animal families might say good night.
Warnes, Tim (Ilt)
A joyful celebration of the love between a parent and the special little person in his or her life!
The Intelligent Investor (Revised Edition)
The greatest investment advisor of the twentieth century, Benjamin Graham taught and inspired people worldwide. Graham's philosophy of "value investing" - which shields investors from substantial error and teaches them to develop long-term strategies - has made The Intelligent Investor the stock market bible ever since its original publication in 1949. Over the years, market developments have proven the wisdom of Graham's strategies. While preserving the integrity of Graham's original text, this revised edition includes updated commentary by noted financial journalist Jason Zweig, whose perspective incorporates the realities of today's market, draws parallels between Graham's examples and today's financial headlines, and gives readers a more thorough understanding of how to apply Graham's principles.
The Mamba Mentality: How I Play
The first book from the basketball superstar Kobe Bryant - a lavish, deep dive inside the mind of one of the most revered athletes of all timeIn the wake of his retirement from professional basketball, Kobe “The Black Mamba” Bryant has decided to share his vast knowledge and understanding of the game to take readers on an unprecedented journey to the core of the legendary “Mamba mentality.” Citing an obligation and an opportunity to teach young players, hardcore fans, and devoted students of the game how to play it “the right way,” The Mamba Mentality takes us inside the mind of one of the most intelligent, analytical, and creative basketball players ever.For the first time, and in his own words, Bryant reveals his famously detailed approach and the steps he took to prepare mentally and physically to not just succeed at the game, but to excel. Readers will learn how Bryant studied an opponent, how he channeled his passion for the game, how he played through injuries. They’ll also get fascinating granular detail as he breaks down specific plays and match-ups from throughout his career.Bryant’s detailed accounts are paired with stunning photographs by the Hall of Fame photographer Andrew D. Bernstein. Bernstein, long the Lakers and NBA official photographer, captured Bryant’s very first NBA photo in 1996 and his last in 2016 - and hundreds of thousands in between, the record of a unique, twenty-year relationship between one athlete and one photographer.The combination of Bryant’s narrative and Bernstein’s photos make The Mamba Mentality an unprecedented look behind the curtain at the career of one of the world’s most celebrated and fascinating athletes.
How to Win Friends and Influence People (Special Anniversary Edition)
Carnegie, Dale
For more than sixty years the rock-solid, time-tested advice in this book has carried thousands of now famous people up the ladder of success in their business and personal lives. Now this previously revised and updated bestseller is available in trade paperback for the first time to help you achieve your maximum potential throughout the next century!
Hair Love
Cherry, Matthew A.
Zuri's hair has a mind of its own. It kinks, coils, and curls every which way. Zuri knows it's beautiful. When Daddy steps in to style it for an extra special occasion, he has a lot to learn. But he LOVES his Zuri, and he'll do anything to make her -- and her hair -- happy.Tender and empowering, Hair Love is an ode to loving your natural hair -- and a celebration of daddies and daughters everywhere.
Teach Your Child to Read in 100 Easy Lessons
Engelmann, Siegfried
SRA's DISTAR is the most successful beginning reading program available to schools across the country. Research has proven that children taught by the DISTAR method outperform their peers who receive instruction from other programs. Now for the first time, this program has been adapted for parent and child to use at home. Teach your Child to Read in 100 Easy Lessons is a complete, step-by-step program that shows parents simply and clearly how to teach their children to read.
Oh Crap! Potty Training
Glowacki, Jamie
Worried about potty training? Let Jamie Glowacki, potty-training expert at OhCrapPottyTraining.com, show you how it’s done. Her 6-step, proven process to get your toddler out of diapers and onto the toilet has already worked for tens of thousands of kids and their parents. Here’s the good news: your child is probably ready to be potty trained EARLIER than you think (ideally, between 20–30 months), and it can be done FASTER than you expect (most kids get the basics in a few days—but Jamie’s got you covered even if it takes a little longer). If you’ve ever said to yourself: ** How do I know if my kid is ready? ** Why won’t my child poop in the potty? ** How do I avoid “potty power struggles”? ** How can I get their daycare provider on board? ** My kid was doing so well—why is he regressing? ** And what about nighttime?! Oh Crap! Potty Training can solve all of these (and other) common issues. This isn’t theory, you’re not bribing with candy, and there are no gimmicks. This is real-world, from-the-trenches potty training information—all the questions and all the ANSWERS you need to do it once and be done with diapers for good. And check out OhCrapPottyTraining.com for more information—including expert advice, support from parents just like you, and instructions for how to take part in the next Great Potty Challenge!
I Will Teach You to Be Rich: No Guilt. No Excuses. No BS. Just a 6-Week Program That Works (2nd Edition)
Sethi, Ramit
Buy as many lattes as you want. Spend extravagantly on the things you love. Live your rich life instead of tracking every last expense with Ramit Sethi's simple, powerful, and effective six-week program for gaining control over your finances. This isn't typical advice from a money expert. In this completely updated second edition, Ramit teaches you how to choose long-term investments and the right bank accounts. With his characteristic no-BS perspective, he shows how to squeeze every hidden benefit out of your credit cards. Crush debt and student loans. Learn the exact words to negotiate a raise. Set up an automatic payment system and get on with your life. Plus, new material on overcoming psychological barriers, love and money, new investments options, and real audience stories of how applying Ramit's principles led to a rich life.
This Tender Land
Krueger, William Kent
The unforgettable story of four orphans who travel the Mississippi River on a life-changing odyssey during the Great Depression.In the summer of 1932, on the banks of Minnesota’s Gilead River, Odie O’Banion is an orphan confined to the Lincoln Indian Training School, a pitiless place where his lively nature earns him the superintendent’s wrath. Forced to flee after committing a terrible crime, he and his brother, Albert, their best friend, Mose, and a brokenhearted little girl named Emmy steal away in a canoe, heading for the mighty Mississippi and a place to call their own.Over the course of one summer, these four orphans journey into the unknown and cross paths with others who are adrift, from struggling farmers and traveling faith healers to displaced families and lost souls of all kinds. With the feel of a modern classic, This Tender Land is an enthralling, big-hearted epic that shows how the magnificent American landscape connects us all, haunts our dreams, and makes us whole.
Happy Valentine's Day, Little Critter!
It's Valentine's Day and Little Critter's class is celebrating! They're decorating the classroom with hearts, eating cupcakes, and making Valentine's Day mailboxes. Little Critter is making an extra special card for an extra special valentine. Who will it be? Pull back the flaps and discover all the fun Valentine's Day surprises.
Love Monster
Bright, Rachel
Love Monster is a slightly hairy monster trying to fit in with the cuddly residents of Cutesville. But as it turns out, it's hard to fit in with the cute and the fluffy when you're a googly-eyed monster. And so, Love Monster sets out to find someone who will love him just the way he is. His journey is not easy--he looks high, low, and even middle-ish. But as he soon finds out, in the blink of a googly eye, love can find you when you least expect it.
How To Draw 101 Animals (How to Draw)
Imagine That Publishing Ltd.
Learn how to draw 101 different animals! It's easy! Follow the simple step-by-step drawings and you will soon be amazing all your friends with your newfound art skills!
We're Pregnant! The First-Time Dad's Pregnancy Handbook
Kulp, Adrian
Become an excellent first-time dad and an all-time great partnerBeing a great first-time dad doesn’t mean being perfect; it means participating in the experience with empathy and confidence. From the basics of pregnancy, to designing a birthing plan, to tips on being helpful and supportive for your partner, We’re Pregnant! provides all the need-to-know information on how to be a fully prepared parent.Featuring must-ask questions for the doctor, milestone trackers, and more, this funny and friendly standout among pregnancy books also takes you beyond the due date, offering a helping hand on how to plan and perfect your own style of childcare.This essential guide for new dads help you:• Focus on one month at a time - Organized by each month in each trimester, you’ll know exactly what to expect and which milestones are coming up.• Look forward to your growing family - Keep your relationship healthy by setting family goals like creating a fun pregnancy announcement or planning a relaxing trip.• Find insight on issues big and small - Learn how to thrive as new parents with useful tips on everything from bottle temperature to bonding with your new baby.Become a pro parent with this relatable dad book that tells you everything you need to know.
A People's History of the United States
With a new introduction by Anthony Arnove, this updated edition of the classic national bestseller reviews the book’s thirty-five year history and demonstrates once again why it is a significant contribution to a complete and balanced understanding of American history.Since its original landmark publication in 1980, A People's History of the United States has been chronicling American history from the bottom up, throwing out the official version of history taught in schools - with its emphasis on great men in high places - to focus on the street, the home, and the, workplace.Known for its lively, clear prose as well as its scholarly research, A People's History of the United States is the only volume to tell America's story from the point of view of - and in the words of - America's women, factory workers, African-Americans, Native Americans, the working poor, and immigrant laborers. As historian Howard Zinn shows, many of our country's greatest battles - the fights for a fair wage, an eight-hour workday, child-labor laws, health and safety standards, universal suffrage, women's rights, racial equality - were carried out at the grassroots level, against bloody resistance.Covering Christopher Columbus's arrival through President Clinton's first term, A People's History of the United States, which was nominated for the American Book Award in 1981, features insightful analysis of the most important events in our history.
The Unofficial Harry Potter Cookbook
Bucholz, Dinah
With this cookbook, dining a la Hogwarts is as easy as Banoffi Pie. With more than 150 easy-to-make recipes, tips, and techniques, you can indulge in spellbindingly delicious meals drawn straight from the pages of your favorite Potter stories, such as:• Treacle Tart, Harry's favorite dessert• Molly's Meat Pies, Mrs. Weasley's classic dish• Kreacher's French Onion Soup• Pumpkin Pasties, a staple on the Hogwarts Express cartWith a dash of magic and a drop of creativity, you'll conjure up the entrees, desserts, snacks, and drinks you need to transform ordinary Muggle meals into magical culinary masterpieces, sure to make even Mrs. Weasley proud.
Everything You Need to Ace Math in One Big Fat Notebook (The Complete Middle School Study Guide)
Workman Publishing Company
It’s the revolutionary math study guide just for middle school students from the brains behind Brain Quest. Everything You Need to Ace Math . . . covers everything to get a student over any math hump: fractions, decimals, and how to multiply and divide them; ratios, proportions, and percentages; geometry; statistics and probability; expressions and equations; and the coordinate plane and functions.The BIG FAT NOTEBOOK™ series is built on a simple and irresistible concept - borrowing the notes from the smartest kid in class. There are five books in all, and each is the only book you need for each main subject taught in middle school: Math, Science, American History, English Language Arts, and World History. Inside the reader will find every subject’s key concepts, easily digested and summarized: Critical ideas highlighted in neon colors. Definitions explained. Doodles that illuminate tricky concepts in marker. Mnemonics for memorable shortcuts. And quizzes to recap it all.The BIG FAT NOTEBOOKS meet Common Core State Standards, Next Generation Science Standards, and state history standards, and are vetted by National and State Teacher of the Year Award–winning teachers. They make learning fun and are the perfect next step for every kid who grew up on Brain Quest.
Lewis, C. S.
A forceful and accessible discussion of Christian belief that has become one of the most popular introductions to Christianity and one of the most popular of Lewis’s books. Uncovers common ground upon which all Christians can stand together.
Intuitive Eating (4th Edition)
Tribole, Evelyn
The go-to resource - now fully revised and updated - for building a healthy body image and making peace with food, once and for all.When it was first published, Intuitive Eating was revolutionary in its anti-dieting approach. The authors, both prominent health professionals in the field of nutrition and eating disorders, urge readers to embrace the goal of developing body positivity and reconnecting with one’s internal wisdom about eating?to unlearn everything they were taught about calorie-counting and other aspects of diet culture and to learn about the harm of weight stigma. Today, their message is more relevant and pressing than ever. With this updated edition of the classic bestseller, Evelyn Tribole and Elyse Resch teach readers how to:• Follow the ten principles of Intuitive Eating to achieve a new and trusting relationship with food• Fight against diet culture and reject diet mentality forever• Find satisfaction in their food choices• Exercise kindness toward their feelings, their bodies, and themselves• Prevent or heal the wounds of an eating disorder• Respect their bodies and make peace with food - at any age, weight, or stage of development• Follow body positive feeds for inspiration and validation•. . . and more easy-to-follow suggestions that can lead readers to integrate Intuitive Eating into their everyday lives and feel the freedom that comes with trusting their inner wisdom - for life.
Running Against the Tide: True Tales from the Stud of the Sea
Captain Lee
From the star of Bravo's hit reality show Below Deck comes Running Against the Tide, the Stud of the Sea's first-ever memoir recounting his journey from landlocked Saginaw, Michigan, to the high seas, where he has spent more than twenty-five years as a superyacht captain.Captain Lee's tales from the high seas run the gamut: from having to reclaim his drunk boss's papers in the Dominican Republic to unwittingly crewing a drug boat out of Turks and Caicos to navigating the monstrous demands of the super-rich in San Francisco. Now, for the first time, Captain Lee is ready to tell his saltiest stories.
Forks Over Knives - The Cookbook
Sroufe, Del
Forks Over Knives - the book, the film, the movement - is back again in a cookbook. The secret is out: If you want to lose weight, lower your cholesterol, and prevent (or even reverse!) chronic conditions such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes, the right food is your best medicine. Thousands of people have cut out meat, dairy, and oils and seen amazing results. If you're among them - or you'd like to be - you need this cookbook. Del Sroufe, the man behind some of the mouthwatering meals in the film, proves that the Forks Over Knives philosophy is not about what you can't eat, but what you can. Chef Del and his collaborators transform wholesome fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes into 300 recipes - classic and unexpected, globally and seasonally inspired, and for every meal of the day, all through the year.
Ninja Foodi: The Pressure Cooker That Crisps
Swanhart, Kenzie
The Ninja® Foodi™ Complete Cookbook for Beginners is the official companion cookbook and starter guide to make easy, everyday meals with your Ninja® Foodi™.
All About Love: New Visions
Hooks, Bell
In this clarion treatise, Bell Hooks writes from a spiritual perspective to offer "new ways of thinking about love." Motivated both by her own struggles with heartache and by the despair she observes in society at large, Hooks defines love as "an action rather than a feeling" in a gracefully flowing narrative that begins with family life, "the original school of love," and ultimately yields fresh insights into the nature of romance, the value of community, and the pitfalls of our consumer-oriented culture.
Everything You Need to Ace Science in One Big Fat Notebook: The Complete Middle School Study Guide
It's the revolutionary science study guide just for middle school students from the brains behind Brain Quest. Everything You Need to Ace Science . . . takes readers from scientific investigation and the engineering design process to the Periodic Table forces and motion; forms of energy; outer space and the solar system; to earth sciences, biology, body systems, ecology, and more. The BIG FAT NOTEBOOK(tm) series is built on a simple and irresistible conceit--borrowing the notes from the smartest kid in class. There are five books in all, and each is the only book you need for each main subject taught in middle school: Math, Science, American History, English Language Arts, and World History. Inside the reader will find every subject's key concepts, easily digested and summarized: Critical ideas highlighted in neon colors. Definitions explained. Doodles that illuminate tricky concepts in marker. Mnemonics for memorable shortcuts. And quizzes to recap it all. The BIG FAT NOTEBOOKS meet Common Core State Standards, Next Generation Science Standards, and state history standards, and are vetted by National and State Teacher of the Year Award-winning teachers. They make learning fun, and are the perfect next step for every kid who grew up on Brain Quest.
The E-Myth Revisited: Why Most Small Businesses Don't Work and What to Do About It
Gerber, Michael E.
In this first new and totally revised edition of the over one million copy underground bestseller, The E-Myth, Michael Gerber dispels the myths surrounding starting your own business and shows how commonplace assumptions can get in the way of running a business. Next, he walks you through the steps in the life of a business - from entrepreneurial infancy, through adolescent growing pains, to the mature entrepreneurial perspective, the guiding light of all businesses that succeed - and shows how to apply the lessons of franchising to any business, whether or not it is a franchise. Finally, Gerber draws the vital, often overlooked distinction between working on your business and working in your business. After you have read The E-Myth Revisited, you will truly be able to grow your business in a predictable and productive way.
399 Games, Puzzles and Trivia Challenges Specially Designed to Keep Your Brain Young
Linde, Nancy
Exercising your brain is like exercising your body - with the right program, you can keep your brain young, strong, agile, and adaptable. Organized on an increasing scale of difficulty from "Warm-up" to "Merciless," here are 399 puzzles, trivia quizzes, brainteasers, and word games that are both fun and engaging to play, and are expertly designed to give your brain the kind of workout that stimulates neurogenesis, the process of rejuvenating the brain by growing new brain cells. .
Girl, Stop Apologizing: A Shame-Free Plan for Embracing and Achieving Your Goals
Hollis, Rachel
Rachel Hollis has seen it too often: women not living into their full potential. They feel a tugging on their hearts for something more, but they’re afraid of embarrassment, of falling short of perfection, of not being enough.In Girl, Stop Apologizing, #1 New York Times bestselling author and founder of a multimillion-dollar media company, Rachel Hollis sounds a wake-up call. She knows that many women have been taught to define themselves in light of other people—whether as wife, mother, daughter, or employee—instead of learning how to own who they are and what they want. With a challenge to women everywhere to stop talking themselves out of their dreams, Hollis identifies the excuses to let go of, the behaviors to adopt, and the skills to acquire on the path to growth, confidence, and believing in yourself.
Somebody Loves You, Mr. Hatch
Spinelli, Eileen
An anonymous valentine changes the life of the unsociable Mr. Hatch, turning him into a laughing friend who helps and appreciates all his neighbors. SC.
Everything You Need to Ace American History in One Big Fat Notebook: The Complete Middle School Study Guide (Big Fat Notebooks)
It’s the revolutionary American history study guide just for middle school students from the brains behind Brain Quest. Everything You Need to Ace American History . . . covers Native Americans to the war in Iraq. There are units on Colonial America; the Revolutionary War and the founding of a new nation; Jefferson and the expansion west; the Civil War and Reconstruction; and all of the notable events of the 20th century - World Wars, the Depression, the Civil Rights movement, and much more.The BIG FAT NOTEBOOK™ series is built on a simple and irresistible concept - borrowing the notes from the smartest kid in class. There are five books in all, and each is the only book you need for each main subject taught in middle school: Math, Science, American History, English Language Arts, and World History. Inside the reader will find every subject’s key concepts, easily digested and summarized: Critical ideas highlighted in neon colors. Definitions explained. Doodles that illuminate tricky concepts in marker. Mnemonics for memorable shortcuts. And quizzes to recap it all.The BIG FAT NOTEBOOKS meet Common Core State Standards, Next Generation Science Standards, and state history standards, and are vetted by National and State Teacher of the Year Award–winning teachers. They make learning fun, and are the perfect next step for every kid who grew up on Brain Quest.
Everything You Need to Ace English Language Arts in One Big Fat Notebook: The Complete Middle School Study Guide (Big Fat Notebooks)
It's the revolutionary English language arts study guide just for middle school students from the brains behind Brain Quest. Everything You Need to Ace English Language Arts . . .takes students from grammar to reading comprehension to writing with ease, including parts of speech, active and passive verbs, Greek and Latin roots and affixes; nuances in word meanings; textual analysis, authorship, structure, and other skills for reading fiction and nonfiction; and writing arguments, informative texts, and narratives. The BIG FAT NOTEBOOK(tm) series is built on a simple and irresistible conceit--borrowing the notes from the smartest kid in class. There are five books in all, and each is the only book you need for each main subject taught in middle school: Math, Science, American History, English Language Arts, and World History. Inside the reader will find every subject's key concepts, easily digested and summarized: Critical ideas highlighted in neon colors. Definitions explained. Doodles that illuminate tricky concepts in marker. Mnemonics for memorable shortcuts. And quizzes to recap it all. The BIG FAT NOTEBOOKS meet Common Core State Standards, Next Generation Science Standards, and state history standards, and are vetted by National and State Teacher of the Year Award-winning teachers. They make learning fun, and are the perfect next step for every kid who grew up on Brain Quest.
The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind, Young Reader's Edition
The New York Times bestselling memoir of the heroic young inventor who brought electricity to his Malawian village adapted for young readers. When a terrible drought struck William Kamkwamba's tiny village in Malawi, his family lost all of the season's crops, leaving them with nothing to eat and nothing to sell. William began to explore science books in his village library, looking for a solution. There, he came up with the idea that would change his family's life forever: he could build a windmill. Made out of scrap metal and old bicycle parts, William's windmill brought electricity to his home and helped his family pump the water they needed to farm the land. Retold for a younger audience, this exciting memoir shows how, even in a desperate situation, one boy's brilliant idea can light up the world. Complete with photographs, illustrations, and an epilogue that will bring readers up to date on William's story, this is the perfect edition to read and share with the whole family.
A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America
Takaki, Ronald
Upon its first publication, A Different Mirror was hailed by critics and academics everywhere as a dramatic new retelling of our nation's past. Beginning with the colonization of the New World, it recounted the history of America in the voice of the non-Anglo peoples of the United States - Native Americans, African Americans, Jews, Irish Americans, Asian Americans, Latinos, and others -groups who helped create this country's rich mosaic culture. Now, Ronald Takaki has revised his landmark work and made it even more relevant and important. Among the new additions to the book are: The role of black soldiers in preserving the Union; The history of Chinese Americans from 1900-194; An investigation into the hot-button issue of "illegal" immigrants from Mexico; A look at the sudden visibility of Muslim refugees from Afghanistan. This new edition of A Different Mirror is a remarkable achievement that grapples with the raw truth of American history and examines the ultimate question of what it means to be an American.
Everything You Need to Ace World History in One Big Fat Notebook: The Complete Middle School Study Guide
It's the revolutionary world history study guide just for middle school students from the brains behind Brain Quest. Everything You Need to Ace World History . . . kicks off with the Paleolithic Era and transports the reader to ancient civilizations--from Africa and beyond; the middle ages across the world; the Renaissance; the age of exploration and colonialism, revolutions, and the modern world and the wars and movements that shaped it. The BIG FAT NOTEBOOK(tm) series is built on a simple and irresistible conceit--borrowing the notes from the smartest kid in class. There are five books in all, and each is the only one book you need for each main subject taught in middle school: Math, Science, American History, English, and World History. Inside the reader will find every subject's key concepts, easily digested and summarized: Critical ideas highlighted in marker colors. Definitions explained. Doodles that illuminate tricky concepts. Mnemonics for a memorable shortcut. And quizzes to recap it all. The BIG FAT NOTEBOOKS meet Common Core State Standards, Next Generation Science Standards, and state history standards, and are vetted by National and State Teacher of the Year Award-winning teachers. They make learning fun, and are the perfect next step for every kid who grew up on Brain Quest.
I'm Still Here: Black Dignity in a World Made for Whiteness
Brown, Austin Channing
Austin Channing Brown’s first encounter with a racialized America came at age seven, when she discovered her parents named her Austin to deceive future employers into thinking she was a white man. Growing up in majority-white schools and churches, Austin writes, “I had to learn what it means to love blackness,” a journey that led to a lifetime spent navigating America’s racial divide as a writer, speaker, and expert helping organizations practice genuine inclusion.In a time when nearly every institution (schools, churches, universities, businesses) claims to value diversity in its mission statement, Austin writes in breathtaking detail about her journey to self-worth and the pitfalls that kill our attempts at racial justice. Her stories bear witness to the complexity of America’s social fabric—from Black Cleveland neighborhoods to private schools in the middle-class suburbs, from prison walls to the boardrooms at majority-white organizations.For readers who have engaged with America’s legacy on race through the writing of Ta-Nehisi Coates and Michael Eric Dyson, I’m Still Here is an illuminating look at how white, middle-class, Evangelicalism has participated in an era of rising racial hostility, inviting the reader to confront apathy, recognize God’s ongoing work in the world, and discover how blackness—if we let it—can save us all.
Happy Love Day, Daniel Tiger! (Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood)
Friedman, Becky (Adapted by)
It’s a very special Love Day with all your friends from Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood in this sweet board book with flaps!
A Baby's Gift (Goodnight Moon/The Runaway Bunny)
Brown, Margaret Wise
When it comes to kids' classics, nothing is more adored and renowned than Goodnight Moon and The Runaway Bunny. Margaret Wise Brown’s beloved bedtime books have lulled generations of children to sleep with their soothing sounds. Now, packaged together in a charming keepsake slipcase, these two cherished classics are a must-have for any new baby's library.
Willink, Jocko
Leadership is the most challenging of human endeavors. It is often misunderstood. It can bewilder, mystify, and frustrate even the most dedicated practitioners. Leaders at all levels are often forced to use theoretical guesswork to make decisions and lead their troops.There are principles that can be applied and tenets that can be followed. There are skills that can be learned and maneuvers that can be practiced and executed. There are leadership strategies and tactics that have been tested and proven on the battlefield, in business, and in life.Retired U.S. Navy SEAL officer Jocko Willink delivers his powerful and pragmatic leadership methodology, which teaches how to lead any team in any situation to victory.
The Ramona Collection (Volume 1)
Includes four classic books: : Beezus and Ramona / Ramona the Pest / Ramona the Brave / Ramona and Her Father
The ONE Thing: The Surprisingly Simple Truth Behind Extraordinary Results
Keller, Gary
YOU WANT LESS. You want fewer distractions and less on your plate. The daily barrage of e-mails, texts, tweets, messages, and meetings distract you and stress you out. The simultaneous demands of work and family are taking a toll. And what's the cost? Second-rate work, missed deadlines, smaller paychecks, fewer promotions--and lots of stress. AND YOU WANT MORE. You want more productivity from your work. More income for a better lifestyle. You want more satisfaction from life, and more time for yourself, your family, and your friends. NOW YOU CAN HAVE BOTH--LESS AND MORE. In The ONE Thing, you'll learn to * cut through the clutter * achieve better results in less time * build momentum toward your goal* dial down the stress * overcome that overwhelmed feeling * revive your energy * stay on track * master what matters to you The ONE Thing delivers extraordinary results in every area of your life--work, personal, family, and spiritual. WHAT'S YOUR ONE THING?
Contagious: Why Things Catch On
Berger, Jonah
What makes things popular? If you said advertising, think again. People don’t listen to advertisements, they listen to their peers. But why do people talk about certain products and ideas more than others? Why are some stories and rumors more infectious? And what makes online content go viral? Wharton marketing professor Jonah Berger has spent the last decade answering these questions. He’s studied why New York Times articles make the paper’s own Most E-mailed list, why products get word of mouth, and how social influence shapes everything from the cars we buy to the clothes we wear to the names we give our children. In Contagious, Berger reveals the secret science behind word-of-mouth and social transmission. Discover how six basic principles drive all sorts of things to become contagious, from consumer products and policy initiatives to workplace rumors and YouTube videos. Learn how a luxury steakhouse found popularity through the lowly cheesesteak, why anti-drug commercials might have actually increased drug use, and why more than 200 million consumers shared a video about one of the most seemingly boring products there is: a blender. Contagious provides a set of specific, actionable techniques for helping information spread—for designing messages, advertisements, and content that people will share. Whether you’re a manager at a big company, a small business owner trying to boost awareness, a politician running for office, or a health official trying to get the word out, Contagious will show you how to make your product or idea catch on.
This book will take readers on a magic carpet ride thorough the hidden worlds of comics storytelling. They'll discover its history, explore the secrets, feel the energy, and get a ring side seat for the battle of words and pictures. SC, 215 pages.
On Writing Well (30th Anniversary Edition)
Zinsser, William K.
On Writing Well has been praised for its sound advice, its clarity, and its warmth of style. It is a book for anybody who wants to learn how to write, whether about people or places, science and technology, business, sports, the arts, or about yourself. Its principles and insights have made it a cherished resource for several generations of writers and students. This revised 30th anniversary edition contains a new introduction and a new chapter on how to write a family history or a memoir.
Anderson, Carol
Since 1865 and the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, every time African Americans have made advances toward full participation in our democracy, white reaction has fueled a deliberate, relentless rollback of any gains. Carefully linking historical flashpoints - from the post-Civil War Black Codes to expressions of white rage after the election of America's first black president - Anderson renders visible the long lineage of white rage and the different names under which it hides. Compelling and dramatic in the unimpeachable history it relates, White Rage adds a vital new dimension to the national conversation about race in America.
This brilliant, innovative book offers an engaging new way for children to discover and learn basic concepts of the alphabet. By running their finger along large, grooved letters, children can explore each shape. Colorful lift-the-flaps on every sturdy page further reinforce easy learning. Each board page features a capital letter that a child can trace with their finger, a flap to lift to find a surprise, and bright illustrations! The bright illustrations include cuddly animals and familiar objects. Also, included are helpful hints on how to extend the fun with guessing games, writing exercises, and more!
Paint by Sticker Masterpieces: Re-create 12 Iconic Artworks One Sticker at a Time!
Paint by Sticker is a compelling new activity for crafters and artists, doodlers and coloring book enthusiasts of all ages. Masterpieces encourages everyone to channel their inner da Vinci and create twelve iconic works of art.Paint by Sticker Masterpieces includes everything you need to create twelve vibrant, full-color “paintings” - the stickers, the templates, the intuitive directions. The works include The Birth of Venus, by Sandro Botticelli, The Creation of Adam, by Michelangelo, Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, Girl with a Pearl Earring, by Johannes Vermeer, Napoleon at Saint-Bernard Pass, by Jacques-Louis David, The Great Wave off Kanagawa, by Katsushika Hokusai, Houses of Parliament, Sunlight Effect, by Claude Monet, Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses, by Paul Cezanne, Dance at Bougival, by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Bedroom in Arles, by Vincent van Gogh, Breezing Up (A Fair Wind), by Winslow Homer, and the stunning study in color, Flaming June, by Frederic Leighton.The cardstock pages are perforated for easy removal, making it easy to frame the completed images.
Paint by Sticker: Create 12 Masterpieces One Sticker at a Time!
Paint by Sticker includes everything you need to create twelve vibrant, full-color "paintings." The images - including sunflowers, a fox, a hummingbird in mid-flight, two boats on the water - are rendered in "low-poly," a computer graphics style that creates a 3-D effect. As in paint-by-number, each template is divided into dozens of spaces, each with a number that corresponds to a particular colored sticker. Find the sticker, peel it, and place it in the right space. Add the next, and the next, and the next - it’s an activity that’s utterly absorbing as you watch a "painting" emerge from a flat black-and-white illustration to a dazzling image with color, body, spirit. The pages are perforated for easy removal, making it simple to frame the completed images.
Ben Hogan's Five Lessons: The Modern Fundamentals of Golf
Hogan, Ben
Ben Hogan, the greatest golfer of our generation, believes that any golfer with average coordination can learn to break 80 if he applies himself intelligently. In this book he tells you, step-by-step, just how to go about it.
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Pan-Africanism in the Age of Obama: Challenges and Prospects (Report)
The Black Scholar 2011, Summer, 41, 2
MEMORIES of President Obama's election and inauguration, which electrified the American, world, and pan-African imaginations approximately two years ago have almost faded under the harsh demands of governance, in the face of Washington's descent into political gridlock verging on ungovernability. The euphoria that temporarily lifted the country from the abyss of collective despondency has dissipated as the Great Recession continues to devastate lives and livelihoods and mock the fantasies of indebted consumption of the American dream. The increasingly embattled Obama administration finds itself buffeted between the angry Tea Party rabble on the right and the impatient progressives of the left. In the meantime, African American leaders are beginning to question the president's commitment to a "black agenda" more openly. Elsewhere in the world, the giddy promises of the Obama era have largely lost their glow as the reflexes of American imperial power reassert themselves amidst the recycled rhetoric of multilateralism. And in the pan-African world, from the continent itself to Afro-Latin America to Afro-Europe and Afro-Asia, the great expectations for a new dispensation for African peoples remain suspended in hope and uncertainty. The romance with Obama, which began to lose its seductions in Cairo, frayed in Accra and fizzled in Copenhagen.
Essais et sciences humaines
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Constituting Paradigms in the Study of the African Diaspora, 1900-1950.
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Code of Federal Regulations: Containing a Codification of Documents of General Applicability and Future Effect as of December 31, 1948, with Ancillaries and Index
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Title Code of Federal Regulations: Containing a Codification of Documents of General Applicability and Future Effect as of December 31, 1948, with Ancillaries and Index
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Review of the Day: Grandfather Gandhi by Arun Gandhi and Bethany Hegedus
April 8, 2014 by Elizabeth Bird
Grandfather Gandhi
Arun Gandhi and Bethany Hegedus
Illustrated by Evan Turk
Atheneum (an imprint of Simon and Schuster)
ISBN: 978-1-4424-2365-X
On shelves now.
Are you familiar with the concept of booktalking? It’s a technique librarians developed to get people interested in books they might otherwise not pick up. The whole concept is to develop a kind of movie trailer style talk that gives a sense of the book’s allure without giving up the plot. Typically booktalking is done for middle grade and young adult works of fiction, but enterprising souls have had a lot of luck with nonfiction as well. Now with an increased interest in nonfiction in our schools it’s more important than ever to make the books we hawk sound particularly good. It doesn’t hurt matters any when the books actually ARE good, though. Now let’s say I’m standing in front of a room of second and third graders with a copy of Grandfather Gandhi in my hands. How do I sell this book to them? Easy peasy. Some books practically booktalk themselves. Here’s how you sell it:
“Have any of you ever heard of Einstein? Yes? He’s the guy that was a total genius. Now imagine you’re his grandkid and you’re not that smart. Okay now, have any of you heard of the Beatles. Yes? Well imagine you’re one of THEIR grandkids . . . and you’re bad at music. Now here’s the big one. Has anyone heard of Gandhi? He was a great guy. He managed to free his country and stop a lot of oppression and he did it without any violence at all. Martin Luther King Jr. got some of his ideas from Gandhi about nonviolence. All right, well, now let’s image you are Gandhi, the most peaceful man IN THE WORLD’s grandson. What if you get mad? Can you imagine what it would be like to have everyone whispering every time you got a little steamed about something?”
So there you go. Quick. Simple. To the point. I’ve met a fair number of picture book memoirs in my day, but Grandfather Gandhi may well be my favorite. Smartly written with an unusual hook and art that will just knock your socks off, this is one title you are going to have to see firsthand for yourself.
When young Arun and his family first arrive in his grandfather Mahatma Gandhi’s village, he’s mighty shy around his incredibly famous relative. Yet right away Grandfather is warm and welcoming to them, and when he praises Arun for walking the distance from the train station the boy swells with pride. Unfortunately, having Gandhi as your grandpa means having to share him with the 350 followers who also live in the village. Arun struggles with his lessons in Gujarati and the fact that there are no movie theaters around, but there are upsides to village life too. He’s pretty good at soccer with the other kids, and occasionally Grandfather will take him for a walk just mano a mano. But then, one fateful day, Arun gets into a skirmish on the soccer field and his anger is overwhelming. Shamed that the grandson of Gandhi himself would react in anger he confesses to his Grandfather immediately, only to find the man isn’t angry or disappointed in him in the least. Anger, Gandhi explains, is like lightning. You can use it to destroy or you can use it to light the world, like a lamp. Which will you choose?
I think it’s fair to say that there have been a fair number of children’s picture books from family and relatives of famous peacemakers. Most notable would be Martin Luther King Jr.’s clan, where it sometimes seems like every son, daughter, niece, and nephew has his or her own spin on their infinitely famous relative. Gandhi’s a bit different. One wouldn’t expect his own descendants to have much in the way of access to the American publishing industry, so biographies of his life in picture book form have concentrated occasionally on his life and occasionally on The Great Salt March. When I saw that this book was co-authored by his fifth grandson I expected the same sort of story. A kind of mix of “this guy was fantastic” with “and I knew him!”. Instead, Hegedus and Gandhi have formulated a much more accessible narrative. Few children can relate to having a famous relative. But what about controlling their anger in the face of injustice? What’s fascinating about this book is that the authors have taken a seemingly complex historical issue and put it into terms so child-friendly that a five-year-old could get the gist of it. That Gandhi’s anger went on to become what spurned him to make lasting, important changes for his people is the key point of the book, but it takes a child’s p.o.v. to drill the issue home.
Above and beyond all that, this is a book that advocates quite strongly for peace in all its myriad forms. Hardly surprising when you consider the subject matter but just the same I sometimes feel like “peace” is one of those difficult concepts without a proper picture book advocate. I went to a Quaker college where PAGS (Peace and Global Studies) was a popular major, and it was in making Quaker friends that I learned about picture books dedicated to the concepts embraced by that particular religion. Books like The Story of Ferdinand by Munro Leaf, The Table Where Rich People Sit by Byrd Baylor, Thy Friend, Obadiah by Brinton Turkle, and more. I’m sure that many is the Quaker household, or really any household that believes that peace is a practical and attainable solution, that will embrace Grandfather Gandhi as one of their own.
It’s been a long time since I ran across a picture book with as long and lengthy a list of materials used in the illustrations as I have here. On the publication page it reads, “The illustrations for this book are rendered in watercolor, paper collage, cotton fabric, cotton, yarn, gouache, pencil, tea, and tin foil. Cotton hand spun on an Indian book charkha by Eileen Hallman.” Phew! You might think that all that “stuff” might yield something clogged up or messy, but that would be doing Mr. Turk a disservice. Observing how well he gives his pictures depth and texture, life and vitality, you might be shocked to learn that Grandfather Gandhi is his first picture book. From the spinning wheel endpapers to montages of sheer explosive anger, Turk makes a point of not only adhering to some of the more metaphorical aspects of the text, but finding new and creative ways to bring them to visual life. To my mind, the materials an artist uses in his or her art must, in the case of mixed media, have a reason for their existence. If you’re going to use “cotton fabric, cotton” and “yarn” then there should be a reason. But Turk clearly did his homework prior to doing the art on this book. He doesn’t just slap the images together. He incorporates the fibers Gandhi knew so well and turns them into an essential aspect of the book’s art. The art doesn’t just support the text here. It weaves itself into the story, becoming impossible to separate from the story.
It’s Arun’s anger that proved to be the most visually interesting aspect, to me, in the book. Turk deftly contrasts the calm white thread produced by Gandhi’s spinning with the tangled black ones that surround and engulf his grandson whenever his feelings threaten to break free. The scene where he’s tempted to throw a rock at the boy who shoved him down is filled with thread, Arun’s magnificently clenched teeth, and black shadow figures that reach out across the field to the soccer net, dwarfing the three other little figures below. Later you can see the negative space found in cut paper turning from a representation of lightning into a thread of cotton in the hands of Gandhi illuminating a passage about making your anger useful. Yet Turk doesn’t just rely on clever techniques. He’s remarkably skilled at faces too. Arun’s expressions when he gets to see his grandfather alone or makes him proud are just filled with wide-eyed eager hope. And his frustrations and anger pulse off the page from his features alone.
Picture books for kids about dealing with their anger tend towards the fictional. There’s Molly Bang’s When Sophie Gets Angry . . . Really Really Angry and Robie H. Harris’s The Day Leo Said, “I Hate You”. These are two of the good ones. Others veer towards the preachy and paternalistic. Imagine if you started using something like Grandfather Gandhi instead. More than just a memoir, the book offers a broad look at the benefits of channeling your anger. Better still, it’s a true story. Kids respect the true. They’ll also respect young Arun and his uncomfortable position. Fair play to author Bethany Hegedus for hearing him speak more than 13 years ago about this moment in his life, knowing that not only was there a picture book story to be had here, but a lesson kids today can grasp. As she says in her “Note from the Authors” at the end, “We world we live in needs to heal – to heal from the wars that are fought, to the bullying epidemic, to mass killings by lone gunmen, to poverty, to hunger, and to issues that contribute to internal anger being outwardly expressed in violent actions.” Gandhi’s message never grows old. Now we’ve a book that helps to continue his work for the youngest of readers. A necessary purchase then.
Source: Final copy sent from publisher for review.
Like This? Then Try:
Gandhi: A March to the Sea by Alice B. McGinty
A Taste of Freedom: Gandhi and the Great Salt March by Elizabeth Cody Kimmel
Child of the Civil Rights Movement by Paula Young Shelton
Sal’s Fiction Addiction
Waking Brain Cells
Professional Reviews:
A star from Publishers Weekly
A star from Kirkus
ReaderKidZ speaks with Ms. Hegedus about the book.
Meanwhile Kirkus interviewed the two authors and the illustrator here.
Misc: This is a book with a very nicely maintained and updated website of its own. Some of my favorite posts include this one from Evan Turk on how he got access to the spun cotton fiber featured in the book. I also light his piece on Light & Shadow and this one on how he chose his art. Arun even has posts up containing family Gandhi stories that would make an excellent follow up books should the need arise. Be sure to read the one on pumpkins and eggs when you get a chance.
One of the top best book trailers I’ve seen in a really long time. Accomplished and it does a brilliant job of highlighting Turk’s art.
llustration & Animation by Evan Turk
Music: “Ambwa” used by permission of artist Ustad Ghulam Farid Nizami
Voices: Arun Gandhi & Bethany Hegedus
Sound: Evan Turk, Carrington MacDuffie & The Block House, Justin Yelle & Kaotic Studios, and William Dufris & Mind’s Eye Productions.
Project Management: Curious City
And here’s Bethany herself telling some behind-the-scenes stories about working on the book:
Filed Under: Best Books, Best Books of 2014, Reviews, Reviews 2014 Tagged With: 2014 biographies, 2014 nonfiction, 2014 reviews, 2015 Caldecott contender, 2015 Sibert contender, Arun Gandhi, Atheneum, Best Books of 2014, Bethany Hegedus, biographies, Evan Turk, nonfiction, nonfiction picture books, picture book biographies, Simon and Schuster
About Elizabeth Bird
Elizabeth Bird is currently the Collection Development Manager of the Evanston Public Library system and a former Materials Specialist for New York Public Library. She has served on Newbery, written for Horn Book, and has done other lovely little things that she'd love to tell you about but that she's sure you'd find more interesting to hear of in person. Her opinions are her own and do not reflect those of EPL, SLJ, or any of the other acronyms you might be able to name. Follow her on Twitter: @fuseeight.
Even in Australia says:
I love Brinton Turkle’s Obadiah books! If I had a boy, I wanted to name him Obadiah. Alas, I have two girls…
This sounds like a great book! I am definitely going to have to hunt it down. That the art is good recommends it to me, especially. I was disappointed in the art of Gandhi: A March to the Sea.
rockinlibrarian says:
Oh, wow, I’m getting teary-eyed just reading this review. You’ve nailed the booktalk for me!
Elizabeth Bird says:
Nailing the booktalk is half the battle.
Fran Manushkin says:
When I first came to New York I lived in a Quaker boarding house, and Brinton Turkle also lived there. He became a good friend and introduced me to his friend, Ezra Jack Keats, who came to dinner there. I heard that Brinton moved to Santa Fe but haven’t heard anything about him since. I’ve Googled and haven’t seen any new information.
I wish I could tell you more. Brinton was beloved of Quaker parents and attended a meetinghouse in Ohio a while back. I believe he may have passed away but I can find nothing to support this. But to hear that you were introduced to Ezra through him is fabulous. I never knew that part of the story.
melanie hope greenberg says:
Jaya! Jaya! Gandhi is a favorite.
Maureen Milton says:
Yay! I just added this title to our Mock Caldecott list and you just perfectly amplified my 3-sentence review. Thank you!
I’ve had my own copy for weeks. It is indeed a magnificent work and your equally spectacular review is certainly definitive. And agree, a sure Caldecott contender.
Serendipity Literary Agency says:
Serendipity Literary Agency’s Arun Gandhi and Bethany Hegedus not only tell a remarkable story of peace but, also usher in a new movement where all our encouraged to live your life as light!
Honoring 80 Years of Love and Light: Happy Birthday, Arun Gandhi | Grandfather Gandhi says:
[…] and ideas about passive resistance. But it is also a universal one. Librarian, Betsy Bird, in her Fuse 8 review of Grandfather Gandhi, writes […]
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Institute of Education Blog
Expert opinion from academics at the UCL Institute of Education
Expert opinion from academics at the UCL Institute of Education (IOE), the UK’s world-leading centre for education and social science research.
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Covid vaccine: what makes some people wary while others want to be first in the queue?
By Blog Editor, IOE Digital, on 11 December 2020
Keri Wong.
This week, the UK rolled out its largest vaccination campaign in history: “a decisive turning point in the battle against coronavirus” according to the NHS England chief executive Sir Simon Stevens. Some people say it’s too soon; others say it hasn’t come soon enough. Yet still others are skeptical and have been so for months.
In our UCL-Penn Global COVID Study launched in April 2020, we have been following-up our participants for the second survey where we asked our participants (N = 495):
“Should a COVID-19 vaccine be available to you in the next couple months, how likely are you to take it?”
The majority of the respondents said they were likely/very likely to take the COVID vaccine (63%), about a fifth were unsure (21.8%), and the remainder said they were unlikely/very unlikely (15.2%). These numbers are aligned with a large poll conducted across seven European countries where 40% of participants report vaccine hesitancy in the latest September survey (University of Hamburg). In another rapid report in November, 36% of Britons said they were uncertain/unlikely to take the vaccine (British Academy and the Royal Society).
Why might this be?
Our follow-up question may shed some light.
By inviting our participants to respond freely about the reasons for their choice above we have collected a corpus of detailed reasons for both vaccine hesitancy and adoption. With the most commonly used word presented in larger text in word clouds below, we begin to understand people’s views towards vaccinations. From left-to-right:
Figure 1. Likelihood of taking the COVID vaccine.
Unlikely and Very Unlikely:
Respondents who were unlikely or very unlikely to take a vaccine spoke about the “lack of trust in the government”, the “unknown long-term side-effects” of the vaccine, “not feeling safe enough” to inject something into their body, and think it is better to wait and see as they are “not high-risk”.
Here’s what people said:
“Don’t trust a vaccine that has been developed so quickly without real understanding of possible long term dangers.”
“I am not in the high-risk group, I keep fit, healthy and considerate of my immune system. I also follow all the rules to protect other. The vaccine is very new and I would prefer not to take it and continue looking after mine and others health as I have been so far. I do take flu vaccine every year, had one this year already.”
“Not inclined to vaccines in general. I believe that our children our dangerously over-vaccinated and that their general well-being is impaired as a result. Definitely not intending to take a vaccine that has been rushed to market.
Unsure:
Respondents who were unsure were “afraid of the risks” and “side-effects” of vaccination. They spoke of the unknowns surrounding vaccine development, that they needed to do more research or wait for longitudinal findings to see if there are side-effects as they feel this was a “rushed” job. And again, a general sense of “distrust towards the government” for pushing for the vaccine.
“As a scientist myself I would want to be convinced of the science behind the vaccine and see proven efficacy in enough subjects before taking it myself.”
“Feel like others both within the UK and around the world are in need of it more than me.”
“I don’t really trust my government to create such important tasks like this. Who knows how many corners they cut? They still implement a highly unreliable rapid tests as a clearance for traveling and other outdoor activities. I think that says a lot about their capability.”
Likely and Very Likely:
Respondents who were likely and willing to have the vaccine spoke about the strong “belief in science” and scientists, that “the world’s greatest minds are working on this”. Many people spoke about health as a public good, this was the “right thing to do”, wanting to “protect their loved ones and their community”, this is the way to get back to a “safe” community, “getting back to normality” and “help” stop the virus. Even within this group, there was a sliver of doubt about where the message is coming from: if the vaccine is endorsed by scientists/CDC/WHO people are more likely to adopt it while the growing sentiment of distrust in the government means people are less likely to take it.
“Belief in science, wanting more freedom to travel and go out.”
“Great university’s researching vaccines in the UK.”
“I have a friend who lost his life to it [COVID], another who suffered permanent lung & kidney damage, I don’t want to infect or put others in danger if I get it. I would like to know for myself obviously as well.”
“If CDC and WHO approves, I’d likely take it. I’m supportive of vaccines and trust scientific research. If pushed by the government, I’d be significantly less likely to trust it. It may also depend on how willing whoever produces the vaccine is willing to share it worldwide and continue with appropriate safety precautions.”
“It’s the right thing to do and I want COVID to get under control as soon as possible. Downloading an app on my phone and getting vaccinated is the least I can do to honour the efforts of all the frontline workers who have and are RISKING THEIR LIVES to keep us all safe.”
Many of the comments from our participants resonated with those of other studies including key concerns about the side-effects of the vaccine, and distrust in the government. Of course these are legitimate concerns that ought to be addressed. Even within the Likely/Very Likely group there is some doubt over the longer-term side-effects and whether individuals with pre-existing conditions may have bad reactions to the vaccine.
So what does this mean for society and policy?
This means we must come together as a global community. It is also evident from these comments that governments’ role in endorsing vaccines, perhaps well-intentioned, may not be perceived that way by the population. Thus, this means letting the scientists and science communicators do the talking. Have clear, smart, and accessible global campaigns to make sure everyone is up to speed on the facts about the vaccine. This means bringing together the smartest minds in marketing and PR to work with our scientists to take control of this virus.
We need an 80% community-level uptake of the COVID vaccine to protect all of us. One suggestion would be to try to convince the 20% ‘unsure’ group as they are perhaps more likely to swing to the adoption side than the antivaxxers. This means addressing people’s worries about side-effects and providing them with a clear cost-benefit analysis that reflects the true risk of not vaccinating.
This means, marketing widely clear explanations for why scientists have been able to develop a COVID vaccine in such lightning speed as supposed to non-pandemic times (e.g., extra resources, investment, global effort) – preferably using infographics that are easily accessible. While all of the above information is available online from credible sources like the WHO, access to such information is arguably skewed and low.
The next few weeks will be crucial. All sorts of things may go wrong: from the supply-chain to the distribution of the Pfizer vaccine in a frozen box at -70C degrees and the receiving of two shots three weeks apart. Knowing about the psychological barriers towards the COVID vaccination, what we – the global community – need to focus on now is how to overcome this imminent hurdle.
Echoing two of the five recommendations from the British Academy and Royal Society rapid review, there is an urgent need to: 1) start an open and transparent dialogue with the general public surrounding the side-effects of the vaccine, efficacy and safety of the vaccination roll-out and 2) counter misinformation and fake news by empowering the public with the tools to spot and report misinformation.
With the scientists working non-stop to develop an effective vaccine to protect our community, essential workers working around the clock to keep our community running, what role will you choose to play in keeping our community safe?
Want to share your thoughts about vaccine and how COVID has impacted you? Visit UCL-Penn Global COVID Study or follow us on Twitter @GlobalC19Survey.
Filed under COVID-19 and education, Research matters
Tags: Covid-19, Covid-19 vaccine, vaccine hesitancy
One Response to “Covid vaccine: what makes some people wary while others want to be first in the queue?”
Cathy Newbury wrote on 21 December 2020:
i think there really is a need to educate people about vaccines using concrete examples from vaccines they would have received in the past. Currently there is much distrust of politicians especially those with right wing views so in addition to scientists, there is an argument to use well known and respected celebrities from different communities to endorse and explain why it is important .And I think we can do without jingoistic comments like ‘best/world beating’, it just does not inspire confidence. All people want to hear from trials is efficacy and if there have been any side effects. I would of course at a personal level be keen to hear that the FDA and the European agencies have passed the vaccines.
plese no comments like ‘world beating
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Enhancing the utility of Proteomics Signature Profiling (PSP) with Pathway Derived Subnets (PDSs), performance analysis and specialised ontologies
Wilson Wen Bin Goh1,2,
Mengyuan Fan3,
Hong Sang Low4,
Marek Sergot1 &
Limsoon Wong2,5
BMC Genomics volume 14, Article number: 35 (2013) Cite this article
Proteomics Signature Profiling (PSP) is a novel hit-rate based method that proved useful in resolving consistency and coverage issues in proteomics. As a follow-up study, several points need to be addressed: 1/ PSP’s generalisability to pathways, 2/ understanding the biological interplay between significant complexes and pathway subnets co-located on the same pathways on our liver cancer dataset, 3/ understanding PSP’s false positive rate and 4/ demonstrating that PSP works on other suitable proteomics datasets as well as expanding PSP’s analytical resolution via the use of specialised ontologies.
1/ PSP performs well with Pathway-Derived Subnets (PDSs). Comparing the performance of PDSs derived from various pathway databases, we find that an integrative approach is best for optimising analytical resolution. Feature selection also confirms that significant PDSs are closely connected to the cancer phenotype.
2/ In liver cancer, correlation studies of significant PSP complexes and PDSs co-localised on the same pathways revealed an interesting relationship between the purine metabolism pathway and two other complexes involved in DNA repair. Our work suggests progression to poor stage requires additional mutations that disrupt DNA repair enzymes.
3/ False positive analysis reveals that PSP, applied on both complexes and PDSs, is powerful and precise.
4/ Via an expert-curated lipid ontology, we uncovered several interesting lipid-associated complexes that could be associated with cancer progression. Of particular interest is the HMGB1-HMGB2-HSC70-ERP60-GAPDH complex which is also involved in DNA repair. We also demonstrated generalisability of PSP using a non-small-cell lung carcinoma data set.
PSP is a powerful and precise technique, capable of identifying biologically coherent features. It works with biological complexes, network-predicted clusters as well as PDSs. Here, an instance of the interplay between significant PDSs and complexes, possibly significantly involved in liver cancer progression but not well understood as yet, is demonstrated. Also demonstrated is the enhancement of PSP’s analytical resolution using specialised ontologies.
Proteomics Signature Profiling (PSP) is a novel method for overcoming small sample size, consistency and coverage issues in proteomics [1]. The underlying idea for this method is, despite the lack of consistency in reported proteins, detection is nonetheless context-dependent (the said context being components of conserved and implicated biological complexes or biological pathways) and therefore could be informative if exploited appropriately.
This idea was tested in a published study of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) patients (5 in moderate and 7 in poor stage) [2]. Utilising real and predicted protein complexes, it is possible to strongly recover patient subclasses in agreement with histopathology. Feature selection also identified liver cancer-associated complexes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, etc.
It is remarkable this is achievable in spite of little inter-patient agreement. To highlight this, in mod-stage patients, only 25 out of over 800 proteins are common to all 5 patients. Of these 25, all are also reported in poor-stage patients with relatively high counts (≥ 4 out of 7 patients) with the exception of HSP90AA2 and TRAP1 (≤ 2 out of 7 patients). In poor stage, only 3 out of over 1000 proteins are common to all 7. Of these, 2 (CLU and CSTB) are reported in mod-stage patients. LYZ or lysozyme, is the only detected protein common to all 7 poor patients and not found in mod-stage patients. The large disparities between reported proteins meant that it was difficult to select potential biomarkers, and also not possible to generate meaningful hierarchical clustering based on detected proteins. Additional file 1: Figure S1 highlights the extent of poor analytical resolution if hierarchical clustering is performed on the data as it is; the underlying patient classes cannot be recovered.
As a follow-up study, we identified four essential points to address: Firstly, we show that pathways can also be used with the PSP approach. While complexes provided a biologically-rich feature set, it is limited. Pathways are also suitable networks on which PSP could be utilised but has several caveats. 1/ Size and topology: Individual pathways vary considerably in size. Suppose that only a small portion of a large pathway is involved, standard statistical tests would fail. 2/ Coverage and consistency issues: Current pathway databases have abysmal agreement even on the most well-studied pathways. We recently developed an integrated pathway database, PathwayAPI [3], which utilises a novel pathway merging approach based on pathway name matches (Longest Common Substring matching; LCS) [3]. However, the value of this integration has never been demonstrated in a functional study. Furthermore, it is not known how using individual pathway databases---e.g., KEGG or IPA---would affect or skew analysis.
Secondly, as pathways are large biological entities with specialised processes, significant PSP-derived complexes and PDSs that co-locate on the same biological pathways, might engage in novel interplays that may account for cancer progression. This is worth examining further.
Thirdly, the actual false positive rate needs to be better understood, as it was not studied in the original paper. As PSP uses all detected proteins, the possibility of high false positive rates could be a concern. While we demonstrated theoretically in the PSP paper why false positives are negated, we did not show in actual terms its severity or negligibility.
The fourth aim of this study is to demonstrate PSP’s generalisability and to enhance its analytical resolution using specialised ontologies. On the latter, many functional studies are reliant on, but also limited by, the analytical resolution of Gene Ontology (GO). GO was developed for general purposes and, on its own, might not yield specialised/advanced insights especially when a specific biological context---e.g., cancer---is being considered. Here, we use a lipid ontology based on GO for uncovering novel lipid-associated complexes implicated in liver cancer progression. On generalisability, we demonstrate that PSP also works in a non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) dataset comparing two subtypes, adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Significant PDSs are involved with cancer-associated functionalities
A PDS is a pathway-derived and biologically coherent feature determined by the proteomics data. It is a connected subnet within a biological pathway, which is more likely to function together based on the expression data (See methods for details). There are a number of prior works on extracting subnetworks from (large) interaction databases, e.g., Ideker et al.[4] and Rajagopalan and Agarwal [5]. While it may also be possible to adapt these other subnetwork methods for extracting PDSs, we feel it is probably best left to a separate (preferably, independently conducted) comparative study. Here, we focus instead on a proof-of-concept to demonstrate that subnets extracted from pathways also work with the PSP approach.
From PathwayAPI, 87 PDSs are derived from the non-merged pathways (derived from 75 different pathways; Additional file 2: Table S1), of which, 23 belong to pathways merge-able in PathwayAPI via LCS. The PDSs are of reasonable sizes, about 70% are size 10 and above (Additional file 3: Figure S2). There does not appear to be a bias for any particular pathway, with most pathways contributing just one and in some rarer cases, two PDSs; see Additional file 2: Table S1.
To observe any shared functional themes, significant GO terms for each of these PDSs are identified. We are also interested in the proportional representation of the significant GO terms across all significant PDSs (Additional file 4: Table S3). Unsurprisingly, many of the PDSs are associated with metabolism; Figure 1C. However, we also observed a good number of significant PDSs involved in deregulated metabolism, unstable DNA, cellular proliferation and self-sufficiency in growth signals, inflammation and immunity, angiogenesis, metastasis and invasiveness, and avoiding cell death. To emphasize how the terms are related to cancer, the significant GO terms are further arranged in terms of the major cancer hallmarks [6]; see Additional file 5: Table S4.
Analytical pipeline, clustering results and GO term distributions. A: Detected proteins in mod- and poor-stage HCC patients are used to build PDSs (Pathway-Derived Subnets) from an integrated pathway database (PathwayAPI). These PDSs are used for calculating hit rates for each patient to generate a PSP. The set of PSPs are used for sample class analysis as well as significant feature identification. B: Sample class analysis PDSs have sufficient resolution to segregate mod- and poor-stage patients with high confidence. C: Significant GO term distribution A large number of significant GO terms are associated with metabolic functions. Although cancer-associated terms such as apoptosis, growth and immune responses are also uncovered. This is consistent with earlier observations based on this dataset
Effects of pathway merging on PSP/PDS performance
While Soh et al.[3] showed that pathway merging via string name matching (LCS) is a more robust approach than based on gene and gene interaction overlaps, the effect of this merging method is not known in any sort of functional analysis. We would like to understand how this integration affects analysis.
Extracting subnets from merged PathwayAPI data returned 82 PDSs. The small drop of 5 PDSs (from 87) suggests that merging the pathways (based on the LCS approach) did not make any major change to the overall results. But since slightly less PDSs are produced for merged pathways, they must have been merged into the other PDSs. Suppose PDSx (among the 5 absorbed PDSs) got merged with PDSy (among the remaining PDSs) in some merged pathway P. This must mean that PDSx and PDSy hit two different parts of P that were not contiguous in the un-merged source pathways Px and Py of P. But Px and Py got connected in P after merging.
Clustering of the 87 PDSs from non-merged PathwayAPI did reveal they are also capable of segregating the patients into their respective subclasses with high confidence (AU score = 100). The red and green numbers refer to the AU (Approximately Unbiased) and BP (Bootstrap Probability) p-values (between 0 and 100) respectively. Higher values denote higher confidence. Red squares indicate largest possible clusters where the AU p-value is above 95. Additionally, mod patient 203, which was previously found to be anomalous, was once again found in the poor-stage cluster (Figure 1B).
Clustering the 82 PDSs from merged PathwayAPI recovered the same tree topology. However, the AU score dipped slightly to 99. While the PDSs and significant biological complexes from PSP are vastly different, the topology of the clustering tree is essentially similar, with strong segregation of both mod and poor class patients; Additional file 6: Figure S3.
These results suggest that the LCS merging procedure in PathwayAPI does maintain the integrity of pathway information. But beyond this automated approach, more needs be done, e.g., manual/expert curation to ensure functional congruity and data quality. After all, pathways are very intricately joined, and contain many common members/edges (which also causes the problem with data integration in pathway databases). To illustrate this point, a network was built based on taking a naïve union of all existing pathways in PathwayAPI. There were no isolated components in this highly inter-connected system making it difficult to disambiguate the various constituent pathways. More importantly, attempting to extract PDSs from this results in one super component of size 350, and 3 components of sizes 4, 4 and 6. This lack of informative network features confounds the PSP profiling approach.
Comparative analysis between PathwayAPI and its constituent databases
PathwayAPI (both merged based on the LCS approach and non-merged) outperforms its constituent databases, demonstrating the value of integration (Additional file 6: Figure S3). Of the constituent databases, KEGG performs slightly worse than PathwayAPI but the topology of the tree is similar. Wiki performs second best: it keeps the general order of the patients but does not have sufficient information to reach significance in separating the patient classes (threshold AU score ≥ 95). IPA is generally similar to Wiki as well, but the mod 203 and poor 120 branch is translocated to the mod group instead.
In any case, the two trees (IPA and Wiki) are of lower confidence than KEGG’s, as well as those based on PathwayAPI and real/predicted complexes. The reason for this is due to the number of features (PDSs and significant PDSs) contributed by each database. Altogether, 58 out of 87 PDSs reached significance at p ≤ 5%, indicating they are strongly discriminative between mod and poor stages; see Additional file 7: Table S2. The high proportion of significant PDSs is because they are already pre-pruned to just the pathway regions where variation between mod and poor is expected to occur.
On the individual pathway databases, KEGG contributes 43 significant PDSs out of 65 PDSs derived from 172 pathways in KEGG, Wiki 6 significant PDSs out of 11 (82 pathways), and IPA 9 significant PDSs out of 11 (45 pathways) respectively (to make a total of 58 significant out of 87 total PDSs (299 pathways) in PathwayAPI. Due to the smaller number of resolving features (PDSs), it is not surprising that Wiki and IPA perform poorer in their ability to resolve the patient samples properly.
Given this result, we cannot over generalise on the respective quality of the individual databases. But the key implication here is that one should never defer to the results from one database solely. Obviously, coverage discrepancies between different databases can result in variations of analytical outcomes. It is thus best to refer to an integrated data resource.
Significant PDSs and complexes are enriched for co-location on pathways
We use the term “involved” to suggest that a pathway is implicated in HCC if it gave rise to a signficant PDS.
There are a total of 159 significant PSP complexes (i.e., biological complexes that are significantly differential between mod and poor stage). The significant PDSs originate from 58 different “involved” pathways. The number of non-involved pathways is therefore 241 (299–58). On the other hand, 20% (12 / 58) of the involved pathways overlap with a significant complex while 11% (27 / 241) of the non-involved pathways overlap with a significant complex. Hence, an involved pathway is ~ 2x (20/11) more likely than a non-involved pathway to overlap a significant complex; Additional file 8: Table S5.
Also, none of the 364 (523–159) non-significant complexes overlap with any of the 75 involved pathways, while 10 non-significant complexes overlap some of the 241 non-involved pathways. The propensity for significant complexes to co-localise onto the same pathway with a significant PDS is therefore notably high.
To show that the co-localisation effect is not due to the effect of the same proteins being found on both the PSP complexes and PDSs, we looked at the distribution of overlaps between PDS and PSP complexes co-located on the same pathway. In 70% of cases, the Jaccard Score (i.e., intersection over union) is much smaller than 0.2, indicating that this was not due to the effect of the shared proteins.
A novel molecular switch implicated in HCC progression
The co-locating PDSs and PSP complexes (onto the same pathway) should function in a coordinate manner (i.e., their corresponding cluster scores/expression values should correlate); and generally, this is true. The cluster score correlations between co-located PDS and PSP complexes were examined for both mod and poor stage; Figure 2. Although the cluster scores are clearly correlated, this effect is more pronounced in the poor stage (P = 0.0014, R-square = 0.47). In the mod stage, the correlation is skewed by the presence of two outliers which are relatively high scoring in PDS but low for complex. Removing the two outliers improved the p-value to 1.5e-05 from 0.0077 and the regression fit (R-square) to 0.76 from 0.34. In poor stage, both corresponding PDS and complexes are consistently high.
Left graph (red) shows absolute count distribution of false positive features while right (purple) is the distribution of proportion (false positive features/total number of features). At 5% significance, the left shift of peaks is within expectation. However, the frequency distributions is still rather high, implying internal clustering among poor patients. This is expected given high variability of reported proteins between poor stage liver cancer patients
We examined these two outliers, and found that they corresponded to two different non-overlapping complexes that co-locate on the same pathway (“Purine metabolism”). In the mod stage, the scores for these two complexes are low while the PDS is high. In the poor stage, this disparity is negated: It is high in both PDS and complex. It is possible that this is a switch mechanism that may be involved in the progression from mod to poor stage.
The major site of purine synthesis is in the liver. Interestingly, it is known early on that enzymes involved in purine metabolism play a role in cancer. In fact, an enzymic imbalance, specific only to liver cancer, was known as early as 1983 [7]. However, the mechanistic details are only recently being uncovered. Pang et al. [8] recently showed that defects in purine metabolism leads to substantial incorporation of xanthine and hypoxanthine into DNA. This in turn induces mutations, a key driver for oncogenic progression.
We decide to investigate further by analysing the functions of the co-localised complexes: “DNA synthesome complex” and “TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signaling complex 5”. The former is involved in fat signaling (GO:0048015 phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling, P = 0.003), cellular immortality (GO:0010833 telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening, P = 4.9e-32), DNA repair (GO:0000724 double- strand break repair via homologous recombination, P = 0.048; GO:0006284 base-excision repair, P = 3.4e-10; GO:0006283 transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair, P = 5.0e-19) and cellular proliferation (GO:0000082 G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle, P = 1.7e-12). The latter is involved in stress/immune responses (GO:0045087 innate immune response, P = 1.7e-07; GO:0043123 positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade, P = 2.4e-06), DNA repair (GO:0006283 transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair, P = 0.002), cell death (GO:0006916 anti-apoptosis, P = 0.005) and cellular proliferation (GO:0000082 G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle, P = 0.02; GO:0016032 viral reproduction, P = 0.01). It is clear that both complexes are involved in cancer-associated functions, in particular, DNA repair.
The associated PDS appears to work primarily on metabolic and purine-related functions, including GO:0009161 ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process (P = 0.0001) and GO:0006144 purine base metabolic process (P = 7.9e-09). However, it is also related to differentiation (GO:0002761 regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation, P = 0.03) although myeloid differentiation is typically associated with leukemias, not with liver cancer.
Since the expression level of the PDS is both high in mod and poor stage, it is possible that this is an early requirement for oncogenic transformation. Indeed, upsetting nitrogenous base balances can lead to increased chance of error in DNA replications. Our identified PDS suggests that this is the region of the purine metabolism pathway most differentially affected. But in order for oncogenic progression to occur or speed up (for transition from mod- to poor-stage liver cancer), it is logical, and indeed as we find, to target protein complexes that are involved in rectifying mistakes in DNA replication or effecting DNA repair. To further implicate these two out of several other candidate DNA repair complexes, they are closely associated with the pathway as well. In light of these results, the biological relationship between the purine metabolism PDS and the associated PSP complexes should be further explored experimentally.
PSP is a powerful and precise method with reasonably low false positive rates
There are 523 biological complexes found in CORUM (size ≥4) used in PSP. At p ≤ 5%, approximately 523 * 5% ≈ 27 false positives are expected. Similarly, there are 87 PDSs, and thus at p ≤ 5%, approximately 87 * 5% ≈ 5 false positives are expected. In order to check the empirical false positive rates against these theoretical estimates, we used the 7 poor-stage patients, randomly assigned them into two groups, and applied PSP analysis. Since both groups were actually poor-stage patients, all significant complexes / PDSs resulting from this analysis should be considered false positives.
Figure 3 shows the distribution of false positives across 10,000 randomisations for the poor-stage patients. In each round, the set of significant complexes or PDSs (false positives) are reported at p ≤ 5% (with Benjamini-Hochberg correction). Figure 3A and 3B shows the false positives reported for CORUM (mean ≈ 80, median = 40, mode = 6) and PathwayAPI (mean ≈ 18, median = 12, mode = 3) respectively. The red bar shows the absolute false positive counts while the purple bars are normalised to 1. The first two peaks in Figure 3A and 3B are within expectation and indicate a low false positive rate. However, the overall distribution of peaks, as well as the mean number of significant clusters over 10,000 randomisations are slightly higher than expected. This is likely due to the presence of internal clusters among the poor-stage patients as well as small sample size; Additional file 1: Figure S1.
False positive distribution for PSP (A) and PDS (B). Co-localisation and expression profile of PDSs and complexes (DNA synthesome and TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signaling complex 5) on the purine metabolism pathway. A: The purine metabolic pathway is shown as an undirected graph. Significant PSP clusters are highlighted in green while significant PDS is shown in purple. B and C: Regression plots for expression scores of protein complexes and PDSs co-located on the same biological pathway in mod and poor stage respectively. Enveloped in a checked circle are two complex outliers that are low expressing in the mod stage relative to the co-locating PDS but swung to overexpression in the poor stage
While the false positive analysis may be more ideally executed by using technical repeats from say, a cell line. We nonetheless show here that these hit-rate based methods utilising biological pathways and complexes are powerful and precise.
Identification of novel lipid-associated complexes involved in cancer progression
The liver is a major metabolic center, and a primary regulation site of lipids. Current evidence suggest that lipids are not mere energy-providing metabolites but can effect profound changes via various signaling pathways. This is not limited to cholesterol-based signaling molecules, which are more well known. There are over 2,000 species of lipids, most of which have poor characterisation and not easily analysable [9]. Lipid dysregulation is also commonly associated with liver cancer [10].
Many proteins are annotated to specific functionalities based on GO annotation rules but the lipid associations are not well known or sufficiently comprehensive.
To overcome this and to maximise compatibility with current annotation standards, we developed a set of gold-standard lipid-related terms based on GO terms; see Methods. This list consists of 1463 lipid-associated GO terms in the Biological Processing category (BP terms), 924 GO terms in the Cellular Component category (CC terms) and 1736 GO terms in the Molecular Function category (MF terms).
For BP, out of a total of 177 PSP predicted/real complexes, 21 reached significance. Of these 21, 5 are predicted clusters. Therefore, about 12% of significant PSP complexes are lipid associated. About half of these are not previously known to be lipid associated . A list of these novel/potentially novel BP lipid-associated real complexes are reported in Table 1, and a full list (with further details) is given in Additional file 9: Table S6.
Table 1 List of potentially novel and novel lipid associated complexes implicated in liver cancer
Among the novel lipid-associated complexes, the HMGB1-HMGB2-HSC70-ERP60-GAPDH complex is of particular interest. This complex was isolated from human leukemia cells deficient in components of the mismatch repair system (Nalm6) and functions by detecting changes in DNA structure caused by incorporation of nonnatural nucleosides and is a determinant of cell sensitivity to DNA modifying chemotherapy [11]. Disruption of DNA-repair mechanisms is important in driving liver cancer progression from early to late stage [12]. Moreover, this cluster exhibited a 2.5 fold increase in expressional level. Its lipid involvement appears to be dispersed however: It is involved in both golgi-mediated transport and phosphoinositide-mediated signaling. Also interesting are that the HMG family of proteins are associated with malignant neoplasias [13], in particular, HMGB1 was identified as a potential cancer therapeutic target [14].
To understand if the other lipid GO categories also report similar results, a similar analysis was repeated for CC and MF terms, reporting 30 and 20 significant complexes respectively.For the full list of complexes, refer to Additional file 10: Table S7. Figure 4 shows the overlaps between the significant lipid-associated complexes derived from each GO category. For MF and BP, more than half of the complexes are shared with the other categories. For CC, this is slightly less than half. 8 significant complexes are common to all three categories. These include Retromer complex (comprising SNX1, SNX2, VPS35, VPS29, VPS26B; involved in transport), SNX complex (comprising SNX1,1a,2,4, PDGF receptor; transport and signaling), SNX complex (comprising SNX1a, SNX2, SNX4, TFRC; transport), RalBP1-CCNB1-AP2A-NUMB-EPN1 complex (cell cycle), and Retromer complex (comprising NX1, SNX2, VPS35, VPS29, VPS26A; transport). The remaining 3 clusters are predicted.
Overlaps between significant complexes identified via lipid-associated GO BP, CC and MF terms. The overlaps between significant lipid-associated clusters identified via lipid-associated GO BP, CC and MF terms are expressed as a venn diagram. For all 3 categories, about at least half of the complexes are shared between two categories
Although BP is commonly used for functional annotation and analysis, the limited overlaps between the 3 categories suggest that it is prudent to examine all three GO categories when determining lipid associations.
Generalisability using non-small-cell lung carcinoma samples
To demonstrate generalisability, we performed similar analysis using the results from Wei et al.[15]. Here, two subtypes of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous carcinoma (SCC) were analyzed. We used the results from 2-dimensional LC-MS/MS with multiplexed selective reaction monitoring (SRM, or MRM). This dataset has less consistency issues compared to the HCC dataset. As such, the authors were able to analyse it using standard hierarchical clustering.
However, there are variabilities, though limited, in terms of identified proteins for each sample (n = 30). On average, there are about 3000 identified proteins in total, which is 3 times more than the HCC dataset.
Figure 5A shows that the underlying patient subclasses can be recovered with high confidence using complexes. The estimated number of false positives (average = 19.93, median =15, mode =12) for this was also within the expected limit---523 complexes * 5% ≈ 27 false positives are expected; Figure 5B. The left histogram shows the absolute (Abs) count of significant clusters per randomisation. The right histogram is the number of significant clusters normalised by the total number of randomisations (ratio sig clusters).
Generalisability tests using NSCLC dataset. A: The underlying patient subclasses can be recovered with high confidence using complexes. B: The left histogram shows the absolute (Abs) count of significant clusters per randomisation. The right histogram is the number of significant clusters normalised by the total number of randomisations (ratio sig clusters). C: Protein support over 30 samples. Most proteins are only supported by a subset of samples
Figure 5C shows the extent of protein support across all 30 samples analysed. Most proteins are supported by few of the samples. But unlike the original HCC dataset studied in PSP, the extent of variability is much reduced here.
As mentioned earlier, the NSCLC dataset reported 3 times as many proteins than the HCC dataset. Since PSP is dependent on variations in reported proteins per sample, it may not work if the assay reports lots of proteins. However, we find that the effectiveness of PSP is undiminished.
Current proteomics assays also saw the rise of extensive set ups allowing reporting of more than 10,000 proteins in samples [16, 17]. However, these datasets are incompatible with the PSP approach as the premise of these are on deep proteome investigation of single cell lines. PSP requires variability between samples, and in a typical proteomics set up, achieving more than 10000 protein identifications is uncommon.
PSP is a powerful and precise method, with acceptable false positive rates. This is confirmed in the use of both biological complexes as well as PDSs.
The PDSs are informative, being able to properly recover the patient classes as well as selecting significant features whose enriched GO terms are consistent with the liver cancer phenotype.
Pathway analysis based on integrated data is evidently superior due to consistency and coverage issues among databases. KEGG performs well with our data but the added PDSs from WikiPathways and IPA improved analytical resolution.
By analysing the inter-play between co-localised significant PDSs and complexes, we find very good expression correlation implying coordinate responses and activity. We also uncovered an interesting relationship for two DNA repair complexes with the “purine metabolism” pathway. This co-localisation appears to be involved in mod-to-poor-stage liver cancer transition and warrants further biological exploration. Finally, we also demonstrate how analytical resolution can be enhanced via the use of specialised ontologies. Specifically, we have identified several novel lipid-associated complexes from the set of significant PSP complexes.
Patient sample preparation and proteomics profiling
Briefly, liver tissues were obtained from 12 HCC-diagnosed male patients with chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Tissues collected were grouped according to histology report; 5 had moderately differentiated HCC (mod) and 7 had poorly differentiated HCC (poor). Paired tissues were obtained from each patient, one from the adjacent non-tumor region (normal) and the other from the tumor region of the resected liver. Samples were labelled with iTRAQ-tags and separated using two phase LC-MS.
Proteomics analysis was performed using GPS Explorer Ver. 3.6. Peptides and proteins were determined using Paragon6 (Protein Pilot Ver. 4; AB SCIEX) and MASCOT5 (Ver. 2.1; Matrix Science) on IPI human database (Ver. 3.31). Quantification of iTRAQ ratios and standard deviation (s.d.) was performed using standard parameters on GPS Explorer or Protein Pilot.
In Goh et al.[12], it was found that the reported proteins from both databases (MASCOT and Paragon) corresponded well in terms of ratios and ranks. Paragon is more senstive than MASCOT and produced better results in the original PSP paper. Hence in this work, only the Paragon results are used. For details, refer to Additional file 11: Supplementary Methods.
PathwayAPI
For the reference pathway database, we utilised Pathway API [3], which comprised data from three major pathway repositories: the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) [18], WikiPathways [19] and Ingenuity Pathways (IPA) (http://www.ingenuity.com). It consists a total of 299 gene pathways, 21,314 genes and 60,900 gene pairs.
Identifying proteins for candidacy in the PDSs
As a whole pathways can be quite large, analytical resolution can be enhanced by considering only the relevant subnets. A PDS is a pathway-derived and biologically coherent subnet. To determine a PDS, detected proteins found in at least half of the patients in mod and poor stage respectively were mapped to each pathway. Expression filters (i.e., the levels of expression of the proteins) were not used as they resulted in a very sparse number of small subnets. Unmapped pathway proteins are removed, causing the pathway to fragment into connected components or subnets. Subnets of minimum size 4 were extracted for analysis as PDSs. The minimum size requirement reduces large fluctuations in hit rates due to small sizes. The derived PDSs are treated as a cluster vector of features.
Clustering and feature selection
In the PSP paper [2], each feature C in the cluster vector is a protein complex from the CORUM database. But here PDSs are used instead. Given two sets A and B of proteomic profiles from two phenotypes respectively (mod and poor), for each PDS C, and each patient i in A, the hit rate HCAi, is defined as the overlap between the PDS C and the proteins detected in patient i divided by the PDS size. Similarly, we compute HCBj for each PDS C and patient j in B. The total set of hit rates for each patient across the set of PDSs is the patient’s signature profile.
These profiles are used to examine the consistency and confidence of the derived relationships between samples. For simplicity, hierarchical clustering was used to examine sample relationships. Distances between individual profiles were calculated using Euclidean, while Ward’s was used to determine the clustering.
To evaluate confidence in the clustering results, the R bootstrap resampling package pvclust was used. For the tree generated, p-values (between 0 and 1) are calculated. pvclust provides two types of p-values: AU (Approximately Unbiased) and BP (Bootstrap Probability). AU, which is computed by multiscale bootstrap resampling, is a better approximation to unbiased p-value than BP value which is computed by normal bootstrap resampling.
To perform feature selection, for each PDS C in the cluster vector, two lists are produced HA = 〈HCA1,…, HCA m 〉 and HB = 〈HCB1, …, HCB n 〉, where A and B correspond to the mod and poor stages. The t-statistic score between the lists HA and HB is then computed by the standard formula:
t _ s c o r e = H ¯ A − H ¯ B S H A , H B 1 n + 1 m
S H A , H B = m − 1 S HA 2 + n − 1 S HB 2 m + n − 2
If the t-statistic is significant, then the PDS C is differentially expressed between the mod and poor stages. As the calculated t-score may not necessarily follow a standard t-distribution, weighted randomisation via class label swapping was performed between mod- and poor-stage samples 10,000 times to produce the null distribution. If the t-score value is negative (positive), the empirical p-value is determined by the percentage of null-distribution t-scores that are smaller (greater) than the actual t-statistic value.
For those PDSs regarded as significant (p ≤ 5%), we calculate a ranking score for the mod and poor stage respectively using the reported iTRAQ protein ratios. Suppose we have a PDS comprised of proteins A, B, C, D. A is supported by 4 mod-stage patients with ratio (1.1, 0.8, 1, 1.2), B is supported by 1 patient with ratio of 5 while C and D are not supported. If the ratio is lower than 1, we convert it by taking its reciprocal. To find out how big is this ratio, we take difference = ratio – 1. The score, S, would thus be Σ(0.1, 1/0.8 - 1, 0, 0.2) + 4. However, with this scoring approach, PDSs with more proteins tend to be ranked high. For example, a PDS with 10 proteins (A1, … , A10) and patient i has a high ratio value on Ai and low ratio value on the other 9 proteins; this PDS will get a higher score than a PDS of size 4 with all patients having medium ratio values on all 4 proteins in this PDS. To improve the scoring function for such instances, we propose dividing S by the number of unique proteins that were reported in the patient. For example, suppose a PDS consists of proteins A, B, C, D, there are 2 patients reporting A and their scores are 1.1, 1.2 while 1 patient report B and his score is 5. The cluster score is (0.1 + 0.2 + 4)/2 (note that the denominator is not 4).
False positive analysis for PDS and PSP
To determine whether the hit-rate based methods (PSP and PDS) were reporting a large number of false positives, poor-stage patients (being the larger group) were divided into groups A and B randomly 10,000 times. A t-score, and accompanying p-value were calculated as before.
Gene ontology filtering and cluster functional annotation
GO provides a controlled vocabulary for assessing cluster function and coherence. The annotation files and GO tree files (ver. 1.2) for Homo sapiens, dated 23 April 2011, were downloaded from http://www.geneontology.org. UniProtKB accessions were mapped to Ensembl Gene IDs via Biomart. To refine analysis, informative biological process terms (term that is annotated to at least 30 proteins and has no child term having more than 30 annotated proteins) were extracted from the GO OBO file [20]. Significance testing was performed using hypergeometric test with Bonferroni correction (p ≤ 5%).
Identification of novel lipid-associated complexes implicated in liver cancer
Detailed curation rules for lipid-associated GO terms are provided under Supplementary Methods. Briefly, for MF and CC terms, it is based on indirect lipid-term and functional associations. For BP terms, two principles, criticality and generality are applied. The former is concerned with identification of lipid-related key events, for which no alternative steps are possible, while the latter only holds if the association is generalisable across various tissues or species.
The lipid association of a complex is the hit rate (a/n) where a is the number of proteins (in the complex) annotated to at least one lipid-related GO term, and n is the size of the complex. We calculate the p-value using a Functional Class Scoring (FCS)-like procedure [21] where for each real cluster, we generate random clusters of size n 10,000 times, and calculate a randomised lipid content in a similar manner. The p-value is the number of times a random lipid content for a randomised complex is bigger than the original complex divided by total number of randomisations.
Determination of a complex’s novelty is done manually by searching for the presence of lipid-associated annotations or references in the literature. A harder task however, is identifying which lipids are associated with the protein complex. This is non-trivial as there are over 2,000 species of lipids, and many with unknown functions or poor annotations.
Goh WW, Lee YH, Chung M, Wong L: How advancement in biological network analysis methods empowers proteomics. Proteomics. 2012, 12 (4–5): 550-563.
Goh WW, Lee YH, Ramdzan ZM, Sergot MJ, Chung M, Wong L: Proteomics signature profiling (PSP): a novel contextualization approach for cancer proteomics. J Proteome Res. 2012, 11 (3): 1571-1581. 10.1021/pr200698c.
Soh D, Dong D, Guo Y, Wong L: Consistency, comprehensiveness, and compatibility of pathway databases. BMC Bioinforma. 2010, 11: 449-10.1186/1471-2105-11-449.
Ideker T, Ozier O, Schwikowski B, Siegel AF: Discovering regulatory and signalling circuits in molecular interaction networks. Bioinformatics. 2002, 18 (Suppl 1): S233-240. 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.suppl_1.S233.
Rajagopalan D, Agarwal P: Inferring pathways from gene lists using a literature-derived network of biological relationships. Bioinformatics. 2005, 21 (6): 788-793. 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti069.
Hanahan D, Weinberg RA: Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011, 144 (5): 646-674. 10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013.
Weber G: Enzymes of purine metabolism in cancer. Clin Biochem. 1983, 16 (1): 57-63. 10.1016/S0009-9120(83)94432-6.
Pang B, McFaline JL, Burgis NE, Dong M, Taghizadeh K, Sullivan MR, Elmquist CE, Cunningham RP, Dedon PC: Defects in purine nucleotide metabolism lead to substantial incorporation of xanthine and hypoxanthine into DNA and RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012, 109 (7): 2319-2324. 10.1073/pnas.1118455109.
Wenk MR: The emerging field of lipidomics. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005, 4 (7): 594-610. 10.1038/nrd1776.
Jiang JT, Xu N, Zhang XY, Wu CP: Lipids changes in liver cancer. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2007, 8 (6): 398-409. 10.1631/jzus.2007.B0398.
Krynetski EY, Krynetskaia NF, Bianchi ME, Evans WE: A nuclear protein complex containing high mobility group proteins B1 and B2, heat shock cognate protein 70, ERp60, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is involved in the cytotoxic response to DNA modified by incorporation of anticancer nucleoside analogues. Cancer Res. 2003, 63 (1): 100-106.
Goh WW, Lee YH, Zubaidah RM, Jin J, Dong D, Lin Q, Chung MC, Wong L: Network-based pipeline for analyzing MS data: an application toward liver cancer. J Proteome Res. 2011, 10 (5): 2261-2272. 10.1021/pr1010845.
Giancotti V, Buratti E, Perissin L, Zorzet S, Balmain A, Portella G, Fusco A, Goodwin GH: Analysis of the HMGI nuclear proteins in mouse neoplastic cells induced by different procedures. Exp Cell Res. 1989, 184 (2): 538-545. 10.1016/0014-4827(89)90352-2.
Lotze MT, DeMarco RA: Dealing with death: HMGB1 as a novel target for cancer therapy. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2003, 4 (12): 1405-1409.
Wei Y, Tong J, Taylor P, Strumpf D, Ignatchenko V, Pham NA, Yanagawa N, Liu G, Jurisica I, Shepherd FA: Primary tumor xenografts of human lung adeno and squamous cell carcinoma express distinct proteomic signatures. J Proteome Res. 2011, 10 (1): 161-174. 10.1021/pr100491e.
Beck M, Schmidt A, Malmstroem J, Claassen M, Ori A, Szymborska A, Herzog F, Rinner O, Ellenberg J, Aebersold R: The quantitative proteome of a human cell line. Mol Syst Biol. 2011, 7: 549-
Nagaraj N, Wisniewski JR, Geiger T, Cox J, Kircher M, Kelso J, Paabo S, Mann M: Deep proteome and transcriptome mapping of a human cancer cell line. Mol Syst Biol. 2011, 7: 548-
Kotera M, Hirakawa M, Tokimatsu T, Goto S, Kanehisa M: The KEGG databases and tools facilitating omics analysis: latest developments involving human diseases and pharmaceuticals. Methods Mol Biol. 2012, 802: 19-39. 10.1007/978-1-61779-400-1_2.
Kelder T, van Iersel MP, Hanspers K, Kutmon M, Conklin BR, Evelo CT, Pico AR: WikiPathways: building research communities on biological pathways. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012, 40: D1301-1307. 10.1093/nar/gkr1074.
Zhou X, Kao MC, Wong WH: Transitive functional annotation by shortest-path analysis of gene expression data. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002, 99 (20): 12783-12788. 10.1073/pnas.192159399.
Pavlidis P, Lewis DP, Noble WS: Exploring gene expression data with class scores. Pac Symp Biocomput. 2002, 474-485. PMID 11928500
This work was supported by a Wellcome Trust Scholarship 83701/Z/07/Z for WWBG, and a Singapore Ministry of Education Tier-2 grant MOE2012-T2-1-061 for LW.
Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Wilson Wen Bin Goh & Marek Sergot
Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Wilson Wen Bin Goh & Limsoon Wong
NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore, Singapore
Mengyuan Fan
National Research Foundation, Singapore, Singapore
Hong Sang Low
Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
Limsoon Wong
Wilson Wen Bin Goh
Marek Sergot
Correspondence to Limsoon Wong.
WWBG and LW conceived the original ideas for this work. WWBG performed the computational as well as biological analysis, and wrote the manuscript. FM and LHS curated the lipid-related GO terms. MS and LW supervised, contributed to refinements and co-wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Additional file 1: Figure S1: Left: Histograms showing the lack of consistency in identified proteins between patients in the same cancer group (moderate and late). The hierarchical clustering tree on the right demonstrates the poor resolving power of the proteomics data due to lack of consistency, which justifies the need for novel approaches for tackling this issue. (DOCX 33 KB)
Additional file 2: Table S1: The contributions of each pathway to a PDS. Pathway_ID correspond to the PathwayAPI pathway ID while PDS_contribution indicates the number of PDSs that particular pathway contribute based on the liver cancer proteomics dataset. (PDF 339 KB)
Additional file 3: Figure S2: Size distribution of pathway subnets or PDSs extracted from non-merged PathwayAPI using liver cancer proteomics data. Most PDSs are relatively small, and range from size 5 to 10. (PDF 101 KB)
Additional file 4: Table S3: GO term distributions among significant PDSs. (PDF 2 MB)
Additional file 5: Table S4: Sorted significant GO terms according to the cancer hallmark classifications. (XLSX 36 KB)
Additional file 6: Figure S3: Clustered samples using HCL. Significance is calculated the AU score. Significant clusters are enveloped in red rectangles. The performance of clustering using different Pathway databases are shown. Included also is the original clustering result from PSP using biological (CORUM) and predicted complexes. (XLSX 75 KB)
Additional file 7: Table S2: Set of 58 significant PDSs derived from non-merged PathwayAPI. Shown also are the hit-rate p-values, expression scores (mod and poor), constituent members and annotated GO terms. (XLSX 72 KB)
Additional file 8: Table S5: Co-locating PDS and Complexes on same biological pathways. Pathway_id corresponds to PathwayAPI’s reference id. CORUM_id refers to CORUM databases’s index for biological complex. Also included in this table are the constituent members, and expression scores for PDSs and complexes for both mod and poor stage. (XLSX 14 KB)
Additional file 9: Table S6: Predicted lipid-associated complexes. Cluster_ID is the same as CORUM’s unless it is prefixed by a G, which means it is a predicted cluster. The p-value is from PSP, which indicates whether this cluster is significantly differential between mod and poor groups. The lipid-content p-value denotes whether this cluster is significantly lipid-associated. Mod and poor scores indicates the expressional deregulation of the cluster in each cancer phase. Members indicates the constitution of each cluster. (XLSX 50 KB)
Additional file 10: Table S7: Significant clusters found for each GO category for lipid association. Cluster_ID is the same as CORUM’s unless it is prefixed by a G, which means it is a predicted cluster. (XLSX 47 KB)
Additional file 11: Supplementary_Methods Details for the proteomics experimental procedure.(XLSX 41 KB)
Goh, W.W.B., Fan, M., Low, H.S. et al. Enhancing the utility of Proteomics Signature Profiling (PSP) with Pathway Derived Subnets (PDSs), performance analysis and specialised ontologies. BMC Genomics 14, 35 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-35
Accepted: 01 November 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-35
Specialise Ontology
Retromer Complex
Purine Metabolism Pathway
Liver Cancer Progression
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New Paul Wall Interview
Paul Wall: Smile For Me
By Starrene Rhett
Paul Wall’s smile costs a fortune. Perhaps he protects his investment in being a man of few words and many blinding smirks. The Houston rapper, who lives at Asylum/ Swishahouse Records,is on the fringe of releasing The People’s Champ to more fans than he’s ever had in his releases.
With supporting appearances by Freeway, Screwed Up Click, Bun-B, T.I., and Lil’ Wayne, Paul’s discusses the vision for his album. Also the White rapper discusses racial equality, the platinum grill-game, and his on and off-the-mic influences. If the projections are right, Paul Wall’s about to give the world something to smile over…
AllHipHop.com: The People’s Champ will be in stores any day now. What can people expect from your first major label debut?
Paul Wall: The whole agenda with the album was to rep the Texas culture and introduce it to the rest of the world in a language that they can understand.
AllHipHop.com: You mean in terms of Screw?
Paul Wall: Screw is when you slow down the music; chop it up is when you repeat parts of the word or parts of the beat. Technically it’s not screwed if DJ Screw didn’t do it, but at the same time we honor his legacy by calling it Screw music. By any other name it wouldn’t be right.
Allhiphop.com: “Drive Slow” on Kanye’s album sounds a bit like a Hip-Hop horror-movie score. Why is your style so eerie?
Paul Wall: It kind of reflects the lifestyle of Houston because it’s real slow and laid back. We just enjoy life, we ain’t in a rush.
AllHipHop.com: It seems like despite its ups and downs, the Houston rap scene is flourishing once again. Slim Thug, Mike Jones, and others have erupted. What’s your take on it?
Paul Wall: We’ve been definitely climbing up the ladder toward the top. The light of the nation is finally getting shined on Houston or what’s going on in Houston. Now that the Houston style is starting to get popular, I definitely see it going up and staying up…we’re definitely making a mark amongst the nation, amongst other rappers and other artists. But at the same time we’re doing the same type of sound and the same style that we’ve been doing for 15 years…so it’s like nothing really has changed.
AllHipHop.com: Who did you listen to growing up?
Pall Wall: UGK and Screwed Up Click.
AllHipHop.com: I know you’re working with Kanye and Freeway from Roc-A-Fella. Who are you feeling away from home?
Paul Wall: I’ve always been a fan of Freeway because his style is different from the norm. I look at Freeway the same way I look at the Dip Set. They’re rappers who rap about hustlin’ but not from a rapper’s aspect. They rap about it from a hustler’s aspect so I always was a fan of their music. Cam’ron and Juelz, their style is different from the norm too. That’s kind of why I’ve always been a fan of their stuff.
AllHipHop.com: What can people take away from this album about you?
Paul Wall: This is my fifth album out and me as an artist…I’ve grown a lot lyrically as a person and on the business side too. I’m not the same artist I was a long time ago, I’ve definitely grown up and that reflects in my music.
AllHipHop.com: As we discuss growth, I gotta ask: what was it like growing up Paul Wall?
Paul Wall: My dad was a dope fiend, so my mom raised me alone but she eventually remarried. The struggles I saw her go through and the demons I watched her fight just inspired me to overcome whatever battles I had or whatever hurdles I had.
AllHipHop.com: You seem pretty nonchalant about that…
Paul Wall: Like I said, she inspired me to jump over hurdles and keep running. If I fall down, I gotta get back up and just keep running and watching her just really inspired me.
AllHipHop.com: So how did Hip-Hop get in the mix then?
Paul Wall: I would rap when I was a little kid at the lunch table, on the way to school, on the school bus just hanging with my homies. Everybody rapped. Somebody beat-boxed or beat on the table with a pencil and then everybody freestyled and whether you say one line and fall off or whatever, everybody had to say something. It was something I had a knack for. I was real clever, I kept people’s attention, I made people laugh, and I just stuck with it. The DJ’ing came around a little later in high school.
AllHipHop.com: Progressing from the amateur days, how did you get connected in the industry?
Paul Wall: I started doing street promotions for Michael “5000” Watts. He was one of the main DJ’s on the radio stations as well as he had some hot mixtapes around my neighborhood. He kind of took me under his wing on the street promotional tip and I do a lot of street promotions for him and for the Swishahouse. From that, I kind of earned my stripes and earned my respect on the street promo side of it because a lot of other record labels would come to me to do their street promotions. I did a lot of stuff for No Limit, a lot of stuff for Def Jam, a few things for Cash Money and I did that for a long time in Houston when I was 14, 15; all up until I was 20, 21. I was just doing what I had to do to make my name known, make my presence known. Not just as a rapper but just as Paul Wall as the entity, as the hustle. Whatever the occasion calls for I’m going to do it. Also, being that I promoted so many labels, I had easy access to the records and I had some friends who had some equipment but they didn’t really have the records so we pretty much just teamed up and the pieces of the puzzle went hand in hand. I DJ’d a lot of parties.
AllHipHop.com: And you have a radio show, correct?
Paul Wall: XM 66 Raw on Monday nights and Tuesday mornings and it’s going down.
AllHipHop.com: As cliché as this may be, did you experience any racism in your career?
Paul Wall: No. It’s not as big in Houston. Of course, it’s across America. There’s bigotry and there’s a little hatred and racism but you especially see it from the older people who come from older generations, but we live in the MTV generation where race isn’t an issue. If you make it an issue, then it’s an issue. But it’s not an issue, especially in Houston. I see it more up North and in the East, and even in the West where there’s a lot of separatism and a lot of division and there’s a divide amongst the races but you don’t see that in Houston. We’re American. We respect you for who you are or whatever you are we respect that but above and beyond all other things we’re human.
AllHipHop.com: Tell me more about that jewelry hustle you mentioned earlier…
Paul Wall: We do all types of jewelry but of course we specialize in a custom grill. That started off when I met up with my boy Crime [from New York]. He came down to Houston to do grills and this was the first time I had ever seen anybody do a removable grill in person. We used to see them on the videos like with the Wu-Tang Clan [“C.R.E.A.M.”] but we never had that in Houston [before that all we had was the permanent grills]. I did promotion for him [in exchange for a grill] but I brought him so much business that he ended up having me open up my own shop to do the grills out of. From there, my popularity started growing. Eventually I hooked up with my boy TV Johnny and we opened up a store where he got the workshop and I got the clientele. We got a store inside of Sharpstown Mall [if interested, call] 832-661-5664.
AllHipHop.com: Who are some of your celebrity clientele?
Paul Wall: We just did new grill for Diddy…Diddy got like twelve grills. I did Nelly, Kanye West, Chingy, David Banner, Lil’ Scrappy, Lil’ Jon and the Eastside Boys, T.I., of course, my boy Mike Jones, a lot of artists in Houston, Master P, Brooke Valentine…Pretty much everybody in Houston that got a grill. Even the Transplants [an Alternative Rock group], and Travis Barker [of Blink 182]…So it’s going down.
AllHipHop.com: Besides your mom, at the end of the day, what keeps you motivated?
Paul Wall: Just the knowledge that it’s all going to end one day keeps me going. I’m a part of something that’s bigger than me. I’m not bigger than the movement the movement is bigger than me.
allhiphop
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Student input wanted by ASU
By Brian Boyle, Spotlight Editor
The Associated Students Union hosts a meeting every Wednesday at 2:30 p.m. in AA-207 to decide and allow for public input on how the student activity fee is spent, among discussing other issues.
During the meeting on Oct. 8, ASU Vice President Huong Vu raised a concern a student had presented her with. Vu said a student told her she had emailed a member of the ASU and received no response. Vu said that although there could be a number of reasons the email was not answered, the ASU Board needed to make sure it was communicating with those that sought their correspondence.
A substantial decrease in the budget for the ASU’s Fall Festival was discussed, as was the ASU’s recent trip to Washington D.C. for the American Student Government Association convention.
“Technically we still have an allocation of $15,000 for the Fall Festival (Oct. 28),” ASU President Antone Agnitsch said. “Though we pretty much cut the budget in half.”
Agnitsch said the ASU’s budget is currently looking to fall in the $7,500-$8,000 range. He said the board is looking to spend $2,000 on inflatable jumpers, $1,000 on food, and an additional $1,000 on a pumpkin patch for the children at the Early Learning Center.
Smaller charges that make up the rest of the Fall Festival budget, Agnitsch said, are $300 for a DJ, $350 for a henna artist and $200 for supplies.
Agnitsch said advertising for the Fall Festival is the largest problem associated with the festival.
“Sometimes the things we do (to advertise) just don’t work,” Agnitsch said.
The ASU Vice President of Clubs Safi Ward-Davis said word-of-mouth was the most effective tool the ASU had to advertise.
Ward-Davis said the board needs to make itself known on campus by approaching students and opening up a dialogue about what students want from their student government.
“People know I’m on the ASU because I approach students,” Ward-Davis said.
ASU Secretary Diksha Chhetri gave a breakdown to the ASU Board on what she, Agnitsch and Ward-Davis experienced during the ASGA trip, which went hand-in-hand with Ward-Davis’s encouragement to approach students.
Chhetri said at the ASGA trip they learned discussed training, spending of their budget and communication between the board and students.
Agnitsch said they learned about the importance of surveying, and detailed how the ASU Board would be attempting to do a SurveyMonkey survey to find out how students want the student activity fee spent. Agnitsch said, although surveying is important, it would be equally important for the board to step out of their offices and interact with students.
Chhetri said, “We are not a club. We are here to represent students and do something real.”
Chhetri said the ASU needed to break away from the practices of the previous ASU Board and look toward being creative.
Chhetri said training was one of the ASU’s paramount concerns, as well as actually connecting with new members. She said fellow ASU Senator Anushma Maharjan said she felt uncomfortable approaching members of the board, as she did not know them. Chhetri said she felt similarly when she first joined the ASU. She said the last ASU director of training and recruitment did little to make her feel welcome.
ASU adviser Ericka Greene said the ASU’s connection with the ASGA gave the ASU Board the option of having professionals train them on the various aspects of running a government, handling a budget and even on parliamentary procedure.
Ward-Davis displayed a number of items the ASU could purchase and have their logo placed on, and then sell to students to advertise the board.
The items included ear buds that could be labeled ASU, a wall-mounted cellphone holder to hold a cellphone while charging and a wallet to hold credit cards on the back of a phone, which would display them and the ASU’s logo whenever one answered their phone.
Ward-Davis said one topic of discussion were problems different colleges face. She said many of the problems she heard from even the largest, wealthiest colleges sound similar to problems at Contra Costa College.
4CD student leaders discuss activism and social justice
Speech and debate team impresses at virtual tournament
New Vice President of Business and Administration hired
Culinary arts program adjusts to COVID-19 regulations, distance learning
Student Zoom town hall meeting highlights online student resources
CCC prepared for accreditation evaluations
ASU hosts drive-thru providing school and food supplies amidst pandemic
Science Center construction advances to completion for July 2021
Meetings bring change to commencement and course withdraw policy
County tests residents with symptoms at multiple locations
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> What We Do
> Torture, War Crimes, & Militarism
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Amicus Brief in Glik v. Cunniffe, et al.
CCR has submitted an amicus brief in Glik v. Cunniffe before the First Circuit Court of Appeals on behalf of Berkeley Copwatch, Communities United against Police Brutality, Justice Committee,...
Ibrahim v. Department of Homeland Security (Amicus)
Plaintiff Rahinah Ibrahim is a Muslim woman and a citizen of Malaysia who was a doctoral student at Stanford University writing her thesis on affordable housing. She has neither a criminal record nor...
Doe v. Lumintang
Doe v. Lumintang is a civil lawsuit brought against the former Vice Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army, Johny Lumintang. The suit implicates Lumintang in an official policy of repression of the...
Crimes Against Nature by Solicitation (CANS) Litigation
Successful challenges to Louisiana’s requirement that people convicted of Crime Against Nature by Solicitation (CANS) register as sex offenders.
Murillo v. Micheletti
A case brought under the Alien Tort Statute for extrajudicial killing and persecution on behalf of the parents of Isis Obed Murillo, in partnership with El Comité de Familiares de Detenidos...
Campaign to Protect Mamilla Cemetery in Jerusalem
An effort by CCR and allies on behalf of descendants of those buried in the Mamilla Cemetery to stop its destruction to make way for the Simon Wiesenthal Center’s “Museum of Tolerance.”
Arar v. Ashcroft et al
Challenging the rendition to torture in Syria of Canadian citizen Maher Arar by U.S. government officials. [Past Case]
American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh
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Japan's Comfort Women System (amicus)
This amicus brief argues that Japan is not immune from suit for its sexual enslavement of women and girls during World War II and presently. After a case in which the district court dismissed the...
Crockett v. Reagan
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CEBP Focus Archive
Progress and Priorities
Disparities Collection
Informing Public Health Policy
A Novel Biomarker for Staging Human Prostate Adenocarcinoma: Overexpression of Matriptase with Concomitant Loss of its Inhibitor, Hepatocyte Growth Factor Activator Inhibitor-1
Mohammad Saleem, Vaqar Mustafa Adhami, Weixiong Zhong, B. Jack Longley, Chen-Yong Lin, Robert B. Dickson, Shannon Reagan-Shaw, David F. Jarrard and Hasan Mukhtar
Mohammad Saleem
Vaqar Mustafa Adhami
Weixiong Zhong
B. Jack Longley
Chen-Yong Lin
Robert B. Dickson
Shannon Reagan-Shaw
David F. Jarrard
Hasan Mukhtar
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0737 Published February 2006
Background: Matriptase, a type II transmembrane serine protease is involved in angiogenesis, degradation of extracellular matrix, and in the progression of some epithelial cancers. Here, we establish the clinical significance of matriptase and its inhibitor, hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1), during the progression of human prostate cancer (CaP).
Methods: The expression patterns of matriptase and HAI-1 were determined in primary cultures of normal human prostate epithelial (NHPE) cells, human CaP cells LNCaP, DU-145, CWR22Rν1, and PC-3, and in tissue samples of 172 patients with normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and adenocarcinoma of different tumor grades.
Results: The protein and mRNA levels of matriptase were significantly higher in all carcinoma cells as compared with NHPE cells. Conversely, all CaP cells exhibited a reduced expression of HAI-1 as compared with NHPE cells. A progressive increase in the protein levels of matriptase was observed with increasing tumor grade in CaP specimens as compared with normal and BPH tissue specimens. Tissue samples of normal prostate exhibited a high constitutive protein level of HAI-1 compared with BPH and low-grade cancer with a progressive loss with increasing tumor grade.
Conclusion: The increased expression of matriptase and loss of HAI-1 may be an important event during the progression of CaP in humans. We suggest that the ratio of these two gene products may serve as a promising biomarker for CaP progression and a potential marker for establishing the efficacy of therapeutic and chemopreventive interventions. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(2):217–27)
matriptase
HAI-1
Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most common visceral cancer diagnosed in men; it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in males in the U.S. and in the Western world (1). The lack of effective therapies for advanced CaP reflects, to a large extent, the paucity of knowledge about the molecular pathways involved in CaP development. Thus, the identification of new predictive biomarkers will be important for improving clinical management, leading to improved survival of patients with CaP. Such molecular targets, especially those that are indicative of invasiveness of the disease, will also be excellent candidate targets for staging the disease and establishing the effectiveness of therapeutic and chemopreventive intervention of CaP (2, 3).
Among the critical pathologic processes that occur during the progression and metastasis of CaP is the breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM) and interstitial stroma (4). An array of ECM-degrading proteases have been identified and implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis (5). The serine proteases with conserved residues of histidine, aspartate, and serine constitute a novel family of transmembrane enzymes involved in numerous biological processes, including activation of growth and angiogenic factors, and in the degradation of ECM components (6). The high expression of serine and other proteases in CaP are reported to be correlated with poor survival of the patients (7, 8). Because of a high level of serine protease expression in several human solid tumors, these enzymes have recently been proposed as potential diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic targets for several human tumors (9).
Matriptase, a type II transmembrane protein also known as tumor-associated differentially expressed gene-15 (TADG-15), is a serine protease and has been detected in various tissues of epithelial origin along with many cell lines in vitro and has been characterized as an activator of tumor cell invasion and metastases (10, 11). Matriptase has been shown to be overexpressed during tumor growth, invasion, and progression of breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer of humans (12-18). Virtually nothing is known about the function of matriptase in the prostate, with the exception of a study that identified a serine protease, MT-SP1, identical to matriptase in the prostatic cell line PC-3 (19). In addition, a recent study has shown that the specific inhibition of matriptase in CaP cells inhibits tumorigenesis in an athymic nude mouse model (20). The hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1), a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor found predominantly in the columnar epithelium of many tissue types including breast, stomach, lung, kidney, prostate, and uterus, has been shown to modulate the activity of matriptase in several cancer types (10, 12, 21-24). HAI-1 has been shown to suppress the growth and motility of carcinoma cells by inhibiting the matriptase activity (12, 13).
In the current study, we provide evidence for the first time for overexpression of matriptase with concomitant loss of HAI-1 in human CaP cells and tissue specimens and show that this correlates with the clinical stages of human CaP. We propose a role for matriptase and HAI-1 protein in CaP development and suggest their potential use as a biomarker in the clinical management of CaP.
Primary Cell Culture
Prostate tissues were obtained under an approved Institutional Review Board protocol from men (ages 44-66) undergoing cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics. Histology confirmed that no bladder or prostate cancer was present in the prostate tissue harvested for our studies. Prostate epithelial cultures were established, as described previously (25). Normal human prostate epithelial (NHPE) cells were maintained in Ham's F-12 media (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 0.25 units/mL regular insulin, 1 μg/mL hydrocortisone, 5 μg/mL human transferrin, 2.7 mg/mL dextrose, 0.1 mmol/L nonessential amino acids, 100 units/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, 2 mmol/L l-glutamine, 10 ng/mL cholera toxin, 25 μg/mL bovine pituitary extract, and 1% fetal bovine serum.
PC-3, CWR22Rν1, DU-145, and LNCaP cancer cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA). PC-3, CWR22Rν1, and LNCaP cancer cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 (American Type Culture Collection), whereas DU-145 cells were grown in EMEM. The cells were cultured in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2 in an incubator at 37°C.
Anti-matriptase (M32) and anti-HAI-1(M19) monoclonal antibodies were developed in the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC. The development and specificity of monoclonal antibodies has been previously described (11, 26).
Paraffin-embedded sections of human prostate tissues of 172 patients with normal, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), PIN, and adenocarcinoma were obtained from the Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI and Cybrdi Corporation (Gaithersburg, MD). Immunohistochemical staining was done using an automated Benchmark immunostainer (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ). After antigen retrieval, thick-paraffin-embedded sections (5 μm) were dewaxed, rehydrated, and endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked. Sections were washed in water and PBS and were blocked in blocking buffer (2% goat serum/5% bovine serum albumin in PBS) for 30 minutes followed by incubation with primary antibody of matriptase-specific monoclonal antibody M32 (IgG1), and HAI-1-specific monoclonal antibody clone M19 (IgG1), at the dilution of 1:50 for 1 hour at room temperature. A negative control was included, in which prostate tissues were incubated with normal mouse IgG1 replacing the anti-HAI-1 or matriptase monoclonal antibody. In addition, we also included positive and negative tissue controls using the breast carcinoma specimens to show the specificity of the antibodies and quality of the immunohistochemical staining in our study. After incubation in the primary antibody, sections were washed twice in PBS to remove unbound antibody, followed by incubation for 2 hours at room temperature with appropriate horseradish peroxidase–conjugated secondary antibody. Immunoreactive complexes were detected using 3,3′-diaminobenzidene (Dako Corp., Carpinteria, CA). Slides were then counterstained in hematoxylin, mounted in crystal mount, and coverslipped in 50:50 xylene/Permount. Sections were visualized on a Zeiss-Axiophot DM HT microscope. Images were captured with an attached camera linked to a computer.
Histopathologic Grading of Prostate Cancer Specimens
The Gleason system and the WHO grading system were used for evaluation of levels of matriptase and HAI-1 in the prostatic tissue by immunoperoxidase staining. Prostate adenocarcinoma was first graded in Gleason patterns 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The intensity of immunoperoxidase staining for matriptase and HAI-1 was scored as 0 (negative), 1 (weak), 2 (moderate), and 3 (strong) based on the Gleason patterns. The primary Gleason pattern and the secondary Gleason pattern were added to arrive at a Gleason score, ranging from 2 (1 + 1) to 10 (5 + 5). The Gleason scoring system was then converted to the WHO grading system as grade 1 (well-differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma) corresponding to Gleason score 5 to 6, and grade 3 (poorly differentiated or undifferentiated adenocarcinoma) corresponding to Gleason score 7 to 10.
Cell lysates were prepared in cold lysis buffer [0.05 mmol/L Tris-HCl, 0.15 mmol/L NaCl, 1 mol/L EGTA, 1 mol/L EDTA, 20 mmol/L NaF, 100 mmol/L Na3VO4, 0.5% NP40, 1% Triton X-100, 1 mol/L phenylmethylsulfonyl flouride (pH 7.4)] with freshly added protease inhibitor cocktail (Protease Inhibitor Cocktail Set III; Calbiochem, La Jolla, CA). The lysate was collected, cleared by centrifugation, and the supernatant aliquoted and stored at −80°C. The protein content in the lysates was measured by bicinchoninic acid protein assay (Pierce, Rockford, IL), as per the manufacturers' protocol. For Western blot analysis, 40 μg protein was resolved over 12% Tris-glycine polyacrylamide gels (Novex, Carlsbad, CA) under nonreduced conditions, transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes and subsequently incubated in blocking buffer [5% nonfat dry milk/1% Tween 20; in 20 mmol/L TBS (pH 7.6)] for 2 hours. The blots were incubated with the appropriate primary (human reactive matriptase and HAI-1), washed and incubated with appropriate secondary horseradish peroxidase–conjugated antibody (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ). The blots were detected with chemiluminescence (ECL kit, Amersham Biosciences) and autoradiography, using XAR-5 film (Eastman Kodak, Rochester, NY). Equal loading of protein was confirmed by stripping the blots and reprobing with β-actin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO). Semiquantitative RT-PCR of matriptase and HAI-1: total RNA was isolated from cell lines using the RNeasy kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) and was checked for its purity and concentration. Two micrograms of total RNA was reverse-transcribed using Moloney murine leukemia virus–reverse transcriptase and oligo dT primer from Promega (Madison, WI) for cDNA synthesis. Two microliters of the cDNA were subjected to PCR in PCR buffer [20 mmol/L Tris-HCl (pH 8.4) containing 50 mmol/L KCl], 1.5 mmol/L MgCl2, 0.2 mmol/L deoxynucleotide triphosphate, 2.5 units of Platinum Taq DNA polymerase and 0.2 μmol/L of each primer for matriptase (forward, 5′-TCATCGCCTACTACTGGTCTGAGT-3′; reverse, 5′-GATCTTGTTGCTGTTGCTGGTGAC-3′) and HAI-1 (forward, 5′-AAGACTACTGCCTCGCATCCAACA-3′, reverse, 5′-AGCTCGTCAAAGCCACTCGT-GTAT-3′) obtained from Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc. (Coralville, IA) in a total volume of 25 μL. A constitutively expressed GAPDH gene (forward, 5′-AATCCCATCACCATCTTCCAGGAG-3′; reverse, 5-GCATTGCTGATGATCTTGAGGAGG-CTG-3′) was coamplified to confirm the equal loading of the cDNA. Fifteen-microliter aliquots of PCR products were electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gel and visualized by ethidium bromide staining under UV transilluminator.
All measures were summarized as means ± SE. Graphical summaries of the distribution of measures were made using box plots. Measures were examined for the appropriateness of a normality assumption by density estimation (data not shown). Associations of categorical variables were evaluated using Fisher's exact test. Sample correlations were estimated using Spearman's rank correlation. All tests were two-sided and conducted at the α = 0.05 significance level. All statistical analyses were done with the S-plus, Professional Version 6.2 software (Insightful Corp., Seattle, WA).
Matriptase and HAI-1 Expression in NHPE and CaP Cells
Matriptase and HAI-1 protein expression in NHPE and CaP cells. As an attempt towards identifying the expression of matriptase and HAI-1 in CaP progression, we first measured protein expression levels by immunoblot analysis in several human prostate carcinoma cell lines, LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, DU-145, and PC-3, and compared them to NHPE cells. Among the four cell lines used, LNCaP and CWR22Rν1 are androgen-sensitive, whereas DU-145 and PC-3 are androgen-independent. The choice of these cells was based on the fact that 80% of patients with CaP present with androgen-dependent disease at the time of diagnosis, which later transforms into more aggressive, androgen-independent disease (27). As shown in Fig. 1A, all CaP cell lines exhibited a higher expression of matriptase protein than in NHPE. When the protein expression of matriptase was compared among the four cancer lines, based on the densitometric analysis of the immunoblots, highly aggressive PC-3 cells exhibited 2.5-fold (P < 0.001) higher expression than in LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, and DU-145 cells. These data suggest a possibility that expression of matriptase protein may be correlated with disease progression and may play a role in aggressiveness of human CaP. Conversely, immunoblot analysis for HAI-1 protein exhibited moderate constitutive expression in NHPE and LNCaP cells, and weak expression in CWR22Rν1, DU-145, and PC-3 cells (Fig. 1B). Densitometric analysis of immunoblots revealed a 50% (P < 0.05) lower HAI-1 protein expression in PC-3 cells compared with that in NHPE cells. When the expression level of HAI-1 in different CaP cell lines was compared, highly aggressive PC-3 cells exhibited weaker expression than DU-145, LNCaP, and CWR22Rν1 cells (Fig. 1B).
Expression of (A) matriptase and (B) HAI-1 protein in NHPE and prostate cancer cells LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, DU145, and PC-3 by Western blotting. Equal loading of protein was confirmed by stripping the blots and reprobing with β-actin antibody. The histogram indicates the relative density of the bands normalized to β-actin. Columns, mean of relative densities; bars, ± SE; NS, nonsignificant.
Matriptase and HAI-1 mRNA expression in NHPE and CaP cells. We next determined the mRNA expression levels for matriptase and HAI-1 by RT-PCR analysis in NHPE, LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, DU-145, and PC-3 cells. The observations of RT-PCR analysis for matriptase and HAI-1 proteins were consistent with the results of immunoblot analysis. As shown in Fig. 2A, all CaP cell lines exhibited higher mRNA expression of matriptase than in NHPE cells. Furthermore, expression of matriptase mRNA showed a pattern similar to the expression of matriptase protein, with highly aggressive PC-3 cells showing higher expression than LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, and DU-145 cells. Next, we examined the levels of HAI-1 mRNA expression in NHPE, PC-3, LNCaP, DU-145, and CWR22Rν1 cells. As evident from the densitometric analysis of bands, all CaP cell lines showed a significantly lower mRNA expression of HAI-1 as compared with that in NHPE cells (Fig. 2B). When expression levels were compared within CaP cell lines, PC-3 cells exhibited significantly lower (50%; P < 0.05) mRNA expression of HAI-1 as compared with LNCaP cells (Fig. 2B).
Expression of (A) matriptase and (B) HAI-1 mRNA in NHPE and prostate cancer cells LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, DU145, and PC-3 by RT-PCR. Equal loading of RT-PCR product was confirmed by GAPDH as an internal control. The histogram indicates the relative density of bands normalized to GAPDH. Columns, mean of relative densities; bars, ± SE; NS, nonsignificant.
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Matriptase and HAI-1 Protein in Normal, BPH, PIN, and CaP Specimens
In the next series of experiments, we used immunoperoxidase to determine matriptase and HAI-1 protein expression in specimens of normal, BPH, PIN, and CaP representing all tumor grades. These specimens were obtained as tissue array slides from Cybrdi Corporation. In the first experiment, a total of 88 samples were obtained out of which 48 were evaluated for matriptase expression and 40 samples were evaluated for HAI-1 expression. Breast carcinoma specimens were used as positive controls to show the specificity of the antibodies and the quality of the immunohistochemical staining. The breast carcinoma specimens showed that matriptase expression was present in the ductal and lobular epithelial cells, whereas the stroma was negative for matriptase (Fig. 3). These results are consistent with the results in the literature (12). The staining intensity in tissue specimens were scored on a scale of 0 to 3.
Immunostaining for matriptase and HAI-1 in representative specimens of positive and negative controls. A negative control in which CaP tissues were incubated with normal mouse IgG replacing the anti-HIA-1 or matriptase monoclonal antibody (top). Positive controls for matriptase (middle) and HAI-1 (bottom) using the breast carcinoma specimens to show the specificity of the antibodies and quality of the immunohistochemical staining. The breast cancer specimens showed that both HAI-1 and matriptase were only present in the ductal and lobular epithelial cells, whereas the stroma was negative for both markers. Arrows, staining for matriptase and HAI-1 staining in the ductal and lobular epithelial cells. Original magnification, ×10; insets, ×40.
Scoring pattern for matriptase in tissue specimens. Based on the scoring patterns, a significant difference was observed in matriptase protein expression between cancer tissues and normal tissues (Table 1). The staining for matriptase protein was moderate to strong in CaP specimens as compared with normal prostate specimens which exhibited either none or weak staining (Table 1). In a total of 12 specimens of normal (n = 6) and BPH (n = 6), the staining for matriptase was weak in 1 (8%), moderate in 3 (25%) and negative in the remaining 8 (67%) specimens (Table 1). Staining for matriptase protein in PIN specimens (n = 4) showed moderate staining in 1 (25%) specimen and weak staining in the remaining 3 (75%) specimens (Table 1). In BPH and PIN specimens, staining for matriptase was either weak or moderate as compared with normal prostate, suggesting a possible role of matriptase during progression of CaP because BPH and PIN conditions are considered as high-risk factors for CaP development. Staining for matriptase in stromal cells was either occasional or negative in normal as well as cancer specimens.
Expression of matriptase and HAI-1 in normal human prostate, BPH, PIN, and adenocarcinoma specimens
Scoring pattern for HAI-1 in tissue specimens. Based on the scoring patterns, a significant difference in HAI-1 protein expression was also observed between normal prostate and CaP specimens (Table 1). Among the total sample size of 22 (normal, n = 6; BPH, n = 16) specimens, 19 (86%) specimens exhibited weak to moderate staining for HAI-1 protein, whereas 3 (14%) specimens did not exhibit any HAI-1 protein staining (Table 1). The staining for HAI-1 protein in PIN specimens (n = 5) showed weak staining in 2 (40%) and no staining in the remaining 3 (60%) specimens (Table 1). The staining for HAI-1 protein was generally moderate in normal prostate specimens and weak to moderate in BPH specimens (Table 1). However, in sharp contrast, CaP specimens exhibited weak or no staining suggesting a loss of HAI-1 protein during progression of CaP (Table 1).
Scoring pattern of matriptase and HAI-1 in pair-matched CaP specimens. Because we observed a significant difference in staining pattern for matriptase and HAI-1 protein between normal and CaP specimens, we next asked whether the overexpression of matriptase and loss of its inhibitor HAI-1 protein, was a general phenomenon that occurs during the progression of CaP. To achieve this objective, we examined the staining pattern for matriptase and HAI-1 proteins in 42 pair-matched specimens. These samples were obtained as tissue array slide from CaP patients at University Hospitals (University of Wisconsin-Madison). As is evident from the data, the scoring pattern for matriptase protein was moderate to strong in all grades of CaP specimens, being mostly moderate in grades 1 to 2 carcinomas and generally strong in grade 3 carcinomas (Table 2). In sharp contrast, the scoring pattern for HAI-1 staining in pair-matched samples was weak to moderate in all grades of CaP specimens being generally moderate in grades 1 to 2 carcinomas and mostly weak in grade 3 carcinomas (Table 2).
Expression of matriptase and HAI-1 in pair-matched human prostate adenocarcinoma specimens
Average scoring pattern of matriptase in CaP specimens. The box plots of the cumulative data (48 specimens + 42 pair-matched specimens) for matriptase protein expression exhibited a wide interspecimen variation in cancer specimens, compared with the normal tissues and revealed a significant difference in the level of protein expression between normal and CaP tissues (Fig. 4A). The average score for matriptase protein in normal prostate tissues was 0.25 ± 0.02 (mean ± SE; n = 6) and was significantly higher, 2.5 ± 0.2 (mean ± SE; n = 44) in high-grade cancer specimens (grade 3), a 5.5-fold increase (P < 0.001; Fig. 4A). Although the staining for matriptase in BPH specimens was higher than normal, it was significantly lower (0.70 ± 0.05; mean ± SE; n = 6, P < 0.001), compared with CaP tissues.
Box plots for matriptase (A) and HAI-1 (B) protein based on staining pattern in normal, BPH, PIN, and prostate cancer specimens of tumor grades 1 to 3. The intensity of staining was graded semiquantitatively by assigning a score to each tissue specimen. *, P < 0.05 compared with normal; black bar in gray box, median values.
Average scoring pattern for HAI-1 protein in CaP specimens. The box plots (cumulative data of 40 specimens + 42 pair-matched specimens) for HAI-1 protein indicated a wide interindividual variation in cancer specimens compared with normal tissue (Fig. 4B). The average scoring pattern for HAI-1 protein was 2.8 ± 0.15 (mean ± SE; n = 6) in normal and 1.8 ± 0.08 (mean ± SE; n = 16) in BPH specimens, however, the scoring pattern was significantly reduced to 1.0 ± 0.05 (mean ± SE; n = 27) in grade 3 cancer specimens (P < 0.05). These data show that prostate tissue significantly loses the inhibitory protein HAI-1 with the onset of CaP and is almost completely lost at the highly advanced stages of the disease (Fig. 4B).
Staining pattern of matriptase protein.Figure 5A and B shows the immunoreactive matriptase protein in a coarsely granular pattern in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of normal, BPH, PIN, and of grade 1 (Gleason pattern 2, Gleason scores 5-6) to grade 3 (Gleason pattern 4, Gleason scores 7-10) prostatic adenocarcinoma. The staining for matriptase was highly positive in epithelial cells of CaP specimens (cumulative sample size) and was negative in epithelial cells of normal prostate specimens. A cumulative analysis of all CaP specimens (n = 74) suggested higher levels of matriptase expression, with moderate to strong staining in 66 (90%) specimens, weak staining in 3 (4%) specimens, and no staining in 5 (6%) specimens (Tables 1 and 2). Because PIN has been identified as the most significant risk factor for CaP development and the expression of matriptase protein was found to be increased in both PIN and CaP specimens, a strong link could be suggested between the expression of matriptase protein and the development of human CaP.
Immunostaining for matriptase in representative specimens of (A) normal, BPH, PIN (B) CaP specimens of tumor grades 1 to 3, and (C) in specimens with adjacent normal and cancerous regions. CaP specimens were assigned tumor grades on the basis of Gleason pattern and Gleason score as described in Materials and Methods. Immunoreactive matriptase protein was observed in a coarsely granular pattern in cell cytoplasms of epithelial cells of BPH and of grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 prostatic adenocarcinoma. There was minimal staining of occasional stromal cells. Matriptase expression was weak in normal and moderate to strong in BPH, PIN and advanced CaP specimens.
, staining for matriptase in cancer regions;
, staining for matriptase in normal regions. Original magnification, ×10; insets, ×40.
The staining pattern of matriptase protein was further compared in grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 CaP specimens. The mean matriptase expression was 1.75 ± 0.15 (mean ± SE; n = 6) in grade 1 specimens, 2.0 ± 0.20 (mean ± SE; n = 24) in grade 2 specimens, and 2.7 ± 0.15 (mean ± SE; n = 44) in grade 3 specimens indicating a progressive increase of matriptase as the disease progresses from lower to higher stages (Fig. 5B). In specimens belonging to grade 1 and grade 2 CaP (n = 30), 27 specimens exhibited moderate to strong staining for matriptase protein whereas no staining was observed in 3 specimens (Tables 1 and 2). Similarly, in grade 3 CaP specimens (n = 44), 39 (89%) exhibited moderate to strong staining for matriptase protein, 3 (7%) exhibited weak staining, and the remaining 2 (4%) specimens showed no staining (Tables 1 and 2). These data show a progressive increase of matriptase protein expression corresponding with increasing tumor grade in human CaP.
Next, we evaluated the staining pattern of matriptase protein in the tissues which had normal regions and cancer regions adjacent to each other in the same specimen. In these tissues, the scoring pattern for matriptase in the normal region was 0, whereas it was significantly higher (2-3) in cancer regions (Fig. 5C). In these tissues, matriptase protein expression was undetectable in normal regions adjacent to cancer regions, whereas its expression was significantly high in all grades of cancer of all specimens (Fig. 5C).
Staining pattern of HAI-1 protein. Normal glandular epithelial cells were generally negative for HAI-1 protein (with some occasional epithelial staining); however, intense cytoplasmic staining for HAI-1 was observed in stromal cells in these specimens (Fig. 6A). The normal stromal cells which were found to be positive for HAI-1 staining are most likely to be smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, staining for HAI-1 was found to be positive in the stromal cell cytoplasm of BPH specimens and less staining was observed in PIN specimens (Fig. 6A). Among grade 1 specimens (Gleason pattern 2, Gleason scores 2-4), some specimens exhibited a minimal apical staining for HAI-1 in stromal cells, however, all specimens belonging to grade 2 (Gleason pattern 3, Gleason scores 5-6) and grade 3 (Gleason pattern 4, Gleason scores 7-10) category, exhibited a very low cytoplasmic staining in stromal cells.
Immunostaining for HAI-1 protein in representative specimens of normal (A), BPH, PIN, CaP of Gleason patterns 2 to 4 (B), and in specimens with adjacent normal and cancerous regions (C). CaP specimens were assigned tumor grades on the basis of Gleason pattern and Gleason score as described in Materials and Methods. Staining for HAI-1 was positive in the cytoplasm of the stromal cells of normal and BPH but was progressively lost in CaP specimens.
, cancerous region;
, normal regions. HAI-1 protein expression was lost in both cancer as well as adjacent normal regions in CaP specimens of Gleason pattern 4. Original magnification, ×10; insets, ×40.
Figure 6A and B shows the HAI-1 protein staining in normal, BPH, PIN, and CaP specimens. The staining for HAI-1 protein in CaP tissues (cumulative sample size; Tables 1 and 2) was strong in 2 (3%), moderate in 21 (26%), weak in 29 (35%), and negative in 30 (36%) specimens (Tables 1 and 2). The staining pattern of HAI-1 protein was further compared in grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 CaP specimens (Fig. 6B). Contrary to matriptase expression, a progressive loss of HAI-1 protein was observed in CaP specimens with increasing tumor grade (Table 1). Analysis of the cumulative samples (Tables 1 and 2) suggested that in CaP specimens belonging to grade 1 (n = 6) and grade 2 (n = 22), the staining for HAI-1 protein was strong in 2 (4%), moderate in 9 (16%), weak in 11 (20%), and the remaining 6 (11%) specimens did not exhibit staining. In grade 3 CaP specimens (n = 27) moderate staining was observed in 1 (2%), weak in 8 (14%) and the remaining 18 (33%) specimens did not exhibit staining (Tables 1 and 2).
Next, we evaluated the staining pattern of HAI-1 protein in CaP tissues with cancerous as well as adjacent normal regions (Fig. 6C). Interestingly, HAI-1 protein expression was lost in both cancer as well as adjacent normal regions in CaP specimens of Gleason pattern 4 (Fig. 6C).
We next examined the association between matriptase and HAI-1 protein expression in BPH and CaP tissues. The Spearman correlation between matriptase and HAI-1 was found to be −0.46 (P < 0.001) based on total specimens (Tables 1 and 2). This analysis indicates an inverse correlation between matriptase and HAI-1 protein expression during the progression of human CaP.
One important consideration in the intervention and prevention of CaP is the development of surrogate end point biomarker(s) that can be correlated with the staging of disease along the course of tumor development. The expression levels of matriptase and HAI-1 genes, which have been proposed to be involved in tumor development and metastases for some cancers, were examined in normal and prostate carcinoma cell lines along with tissue specimens of normal, BPH, PIN, and malignant prostate tissues. The strong expression of matriptase in prostate carcinoma cell lines and in malignant tissues of the human prostate, as compared with a very low constitutive level in normal prostate cells and tissues, indicate that this gene product may be involved in the progression of human prostate adenocarcinoma. In contrast, HAI-1 protein expression was significantly lower in highly aggressive prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells, as compared with LNCaP and CWR22Rν1 cells. In addition, the expression of matriptase inhibitor HAI-1 protein was highly diminished or absent in the high-grade malignant prostate tissues, as compared with normal prostate tissues, and a progressive loss of HAI-1 expression was observed during the progression of disease from low-grade to high-grade CaP. The important finding from our study is that the expression of matriptase protein increases significantly with a concomitant loss of its inhibitor HAI-1 with progressive stages of CaP development in humans. This observation suggests that the matriptase/HAI-1 complex could be employed as a predictive biomarker in human CaP development.
Metastatic spread of CaP to distant sites is regarded as the major cause of CaP-related deaths in humans (4). Tumor cells acquire this increased invasive potential by a complex pathway, which include decreased cell substrate attachment and cell-cell adhesion, as well as increased cell motility (4). To successfully complete the complex invasion and metastatic process, degradation of the ECM including the basement membrane and interstitial stroma, is required for tumor cells to migrate through anatomic barriers and to invade distant tissues (4, 28). In this process, the proteolysis of ECM is thought to be one of the most critical steps. High levels of proteolytic activities have been implicated in neoplastic progression (11, 29). Serine proteases have been implicated in the degradation of ECM in various types of cancers and have been proposed as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for human tumors (5, 6, 30). It is known that two members of the serine protease family, prostate-specific antigen and human kallikrein 2, serve as important prostate carcinoma biomarkers (6, 31).
Matriptase is a trypsin-like type II membrane serine protease that was first isolated from human breast milk (10, 32). It has a multidomain structure, containing a putative amino-terminal transmembrane region, a sperm protein, enterokinase, an agrin (SEA) domain, two complement subcomponents (C1r/C1s), urchin embryonic growth factor, and bone morphogenic protein (CUB) domains, four low-density lipoprotein receptor class A repeats, and a carboxyl-terminal serine protease domain (11, 13). The human gene for matriptase is located within chromosome 11q24-25 and is likely to be the human homologue of the mouse serine protease epithin, based on its high degree of sequence identity and chromosomal location (12, 33).
Matriptase has a widespread expression in normal epithelial tissues including the skin, thymic stroma, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, lung, seminal vesicle, and mammary gland (19). High levels of matriptase have been reported in a variety of carcinomas such as ovarian, cervical, breast, and gastric cancer (12, 21). It has been shown to be a potential activator of key molecules associated with tumor invasion and metastasis (16). For example, when activated by matriptase, urokinase plasminogen activator and the protease-activated receptor-2, leads to the degradation of the ECM and activation of other protease systems involved in the spread of cancer cells (16, 34). Matriptase has also been reported to convert hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor to its active form, resulting in the scattering of tumor cells (35). Therefore, matriptase has been suggested to play an important role in the growth and/or invasion of human cancers via its ability to activate pro-urokinase plasminogen activator and pro-hepatocyte growth factor. In the current study, moderate to strong expression of matriptase was observed in cancer tissue, which increased with tumor grade.
The activity of matriptase has been reported to be modulated by HAI-1, a Kunitz-type inhibitor (21). HAI-1 has been shown to colocalize with matriptase and prevent the undesired proteolysis in breast cancer cells (11, 32). It has been shown that HAI-1 protein expression in human primary colorectal carcinomas is decreased significantly in cells within colon carcinomas relative to adjacent normal mucosa or adenomas (35). Recently, the loss of HAI-1 expression has been implicated in the progression of renal cell and colorectal carcinoma in human patients (22, 36). Earlier studies have implicated HAI-1 protein in the pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (22). It has been reported that the invasive nature of several cancer cell lines of breast, prostate, colon, bladder, liver, lung and pancreas is correlated to the degree of HAI-1 protein expression (10, 12, 21, 22). It is important to emphasize here that in the current study, diminution of HAI-1 expression was observed in CaP specimens of all grades. Although HAI-1 protein and mRNA expression was observed in NHPE cells, its expression was observed to be mostly strong in stromal cells than in epithelial cells in CaP specimens. Additional studies with a large sample size of various tumor grades are required to establish a significant inverse correlation between matriptase and HAI-1 protein expression during CaP progression. Similarly, further studies are warranted to validate the role of ratio of matriptase to HAI-1 as a predictive potential predictive indicator for human CaP development.
In conclusion, this study indicates that the enhancement of matriptase and diminution of HAI-1 expression during the progressive stages of CaP may be associated with increasing biological aggressiveness of the disease. Thus, the combined analysis of matriptase and HAI-1 in tissue biopsies may serve as a prognostic marker in cases of prostate adenocarcinoma and may ultimately lead to monitoring therapeutic response during CaP treatment protocols and for establishing efficacy of CaP chemopreventive regimens.
Accepted December 19, 2005.
Revision received November 14, 2005.
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Stewart DA, Cooper CR, Sikes RA. Changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) and ECM-associated proteins in the metastatic progression of prostate cancer. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2004;2:2.
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Kang JY, Dolled-Filhart M, Ocal IT, et al. Tissue microarray analysis of hepatocyte growth factor/Met pathway components reveals a role for Met, matriptase, and hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1 in the progression of node-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2003;63:1101–15.
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Takeuchi T, Shuman MA, Craik CS. Reverse biochemistry: use of macromolecular protease inhibitors to dissect complex biological processes and identify a membrane-type serine protease in epithelial cancer and normal tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96:11054–61.
Galkin AV, Mullen L, Fox WD, et al. CVS-3983, a selective matriptase inhibitor, suppresses the growth of androgen independent prostate tumor xenografts. Prostate 2004;61:228–35.
Oberst MD, Johnson MD, Dickson RB, et al. Expression of the serine protease matriptase and its inhibitor HAI-1 in epithelial ovarian cancer: correlation with clinical outcome and tumor clinicopathological parameters. Clin Cancer Res 2002;8:1101–7.
Nagaike K, Kohama K, Uchiyama S, et al. Paradoxically enhanced immunoreactivity of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) in cancer cells at the invasion front. Cancer Sci 2004;95:728–35.
Kataoka H, Suganuma T, Shimomura T, et al. Distribution of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) in human tissues. Cellular surface localization of HAI-1 in simple columnar epithelium and its modulated expression in injured and regenerative tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 1999;47:673–82.
Itoh H, Kataoka H. Roles of hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA) and its inhibitor HAI-1 in the regeneration of injured gastrointestinal mucosa. J Gastroenterol 2002;37:15–21.
Schwarze SR, Fu VX, Jarrard DF. Cdc37 enhances proliferation and is necessary for normal human prostate epithelial cell survival. Cancer Res 2003;63:4614–9.
Hung RJ, Hsu IaW, Dreiling JL, et al. Assembly of adherens junctions is required for sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced matriptase accumulation and activation at mammary epithelial cell-cell contacts. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004;286:C1159–69.
Chen CD, Welsbie DS, Tran C, et al. Molecular determinants of resistance to antiandrogen therapy. Nat Med 2004;10:33–9.
Liotta LA, Clair T. Cancer. Checkpoint for invasion. Nature 2000;405:287–8.
Netzel-Arnett S, Hooper JD, Szabo R, et al. Membrane anchored serine proteases: a rapidly expanding group of cell surface proteolytic enzymes with potential roles in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2003;22:237–58.
Duffy MJ. Proteases as prognostic markers in cancer. Clin Cancer Res 1996;2:613–8.
Balk SP, Ko YJ, Bubley GJ. Biology of prostate-specific antigen. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:383–91.
Lin CY, Wang JK, Torri J, Dou L, Sang QA, Dickson RB. Characterization of a novel, membrane-bound, 80-kDa matrix-degrading protease from human breast cancer cells. Monoclonal antibody production, isolation, and localization. J Biol Chem 1997;272:9147–52.
Kim MG, Chen C, Lyu MS, et al. Cloning and chromosomal mapping of a gene isolated from thymic stromal cells encoding a new mouse type II membrane serine protease, epithin, containing four LDL receptor modules and two CUB domains. Immunogenetics 1999;49:420–8.
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Yamauchi M, Kataoka H, Itoh H, Seguchi T, Hasui Y, Osada Y. Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor types 1 and 2 are expressed by tubular epithelium in kidney and down-regulated in renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 2004;171:890–6.
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Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev February 1 2006 (15) (2) 217-227; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0737
Urinary Melatonin in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk
Endometrial Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Cross-Cancer GWAS
Risk Factors of Subsequent CNS Tumor after Pediatric Cancer
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The Cromwell Story
This uplifting place is unrestrained - expansive and majestic in a wondrous widescreen vista
Discover / Our Stories / The Cromwell Story
In the awe-inspiring Cromwell Basin, a spacious panorama of sparkling water and rugged hills awaits. Light and shadow playfully bathe the spectacular, bronzed landscape where chiselled hillsides frame Lake Dunstan’s revitalizing, blue splendour.
This uplifting place is unrestrained - expansive and majestic in a wondrous widescreen vista. The dry, clean air refreshes the soul. There’s breathing room here. This mighty, big-hearted basin formed millions of years ago when glaciers retreated. Today it resounds with optimism and a sense of freedom - endowing a candid, relaxed energy mirrored in the friendly, down-to-earth people who live here.
The reborn town of Cromwell is the basin’s happening hub. Proudly wedged between the mighty Kawerau River and Lake Dunstan, this is a re-energised and forward-looking town – a place of shiny promise as it was for European and Chinese goldminers who sought their fortune over a century ago.
In 1862, Horatio Hartley and Christopher Reilly discovered gold in the Cromwell Gorge, triggering the Dunstan gold rush. A gold town was established at the junction of the Kawerau and Clutha Mata-au rivers. Initially named the junction, it was later renamed Cromwell.
Gold fever fanned out across Otago. In the Cromwell Gorge, on the Kawerau River and at nearby Bannockburn, miners and then mechanical dredges scoured the earth and riverbeds.
New Riches
Today, the silty soils of Bannockburn and the wider Cromwell Basin gift new riches.
Cromwell is a plentiful and picturesque wine-growing area, known for its pinot noirs crafted by the best of New Zealand’s winemakers. The Cromwell Basin has become Central Otago’s most important wine-growing sub-region and a centre for its winemaking facilities. The warm, semi-arid climate, schist soils and seasonal temperature extremes, make it the perfect place to grow grapes. Over the past decade, the wine-growing industry has flourished here. There are now three sub-areas: Bannockburn, Lowburn Valley and Pisa Flats, and Bendigo.
In this most southerly of wine-growing regions, the majority of plantings are in pinot noir grapes and local winegrowers have an international reputation for excellence in producing pinot noir.
The unique, natural advantages of the Mediterranean, semi-continental climate and sandy, free-draining soils complement the hard work, tenacity and knowledge of local artisan fruit growers who produce some of the world’s finest fruit. The expertise, skills and good old-fashioned resilience of these orchardists is passed down through the generations.
It’s no surprise, therefore, that Cromwell is famous for the giant fruit sculpture that greets visitors to town.
Nearly half of New Zealand’s export cherries are produced in the Cromwell Basin, prized internationally for their intense flavour and distinctively bold, complex sweetness. Delicious stone fruit including peaches, apricots and nectarines are also grown locally.
THE EARTHY TREASURES OF THE AREA ARE NOT CONFINED TO GOLD AND WINE
Confronting Change
Cromwell's present-day positive outlook belies a more recent past that brought confronting change and heartbreak. The construction of the Clyde Dam and the inundation of Lake Dunstan in 1992-93, meant for some the loss of homes, livelihoods and landscapes. Cromwell entered an unfamiliar, re-created world, as the submerged main street was replaced by a new purpose-built mall located some distance from the original retail centre.
The winding, raw riverscape of the Clutha Mata-au disappeared as the river swelled to become a 27km lake extending north of Cromwell and south through the gorge to Clyde. The captivating, natural beauty of the swirling, powerful energies and colours of two of New Zealand’s mightiest rivers meeting at the junction was gone forever, replaced by a more purposeful flow.
Today, some of the original buildings from Cromwell’s main street can still be enjoyed in the Cromwell Heritage Precinct, a lovingly created keepsake of Cromwell’s early life as a thriving gold town.
Community volunteers, local tradespeople and artisans skilfully reconstructed and relocated these buildings to form this charming historic precinct nestled on the edge of Lake Dunstan. Here, visitors and locals enjoy a special glimpse of what’s affectionately known as `Old Cromwell’, and marvel at the magnificent lake and mountain vistas.
Understated Wonders
Atop the natural wonder of the Sugarloaf – an outstanding example of an ancient gently folding terrace formed millions of years earlier by a melting glacier - the awesome expanse of the Cromwell Basin is sketched out below, defined by water and land.
The endangered and uncharismatic Cromwell chafer beetle lives quietly on New Zealand’s only insect conservation reserve, an 81-hectare patch of shallow, sandy Department of Conservation land on Cromwell’s outskirts. A threatened species with the same status as the kākāpō, this tiny red-brown beetle keeps a low profile, living mostly underground.
At the North end of Lake Dunstan is another surprise, here in the 243ha Bendigo wetlands lives the threatened native crested grebe, as well as other water fowl and native fish.
Further up the road at Bendigo Station near Tarras is the former home of a unique creature of a different kind - New Zealand’s most famous woolly philanthropist, Shrek the sheep. Found in a cave on the high-country station in 2004, Shrek’s weighty 27kg fleece led him to a life of fundraising and fame, raising money for Cure Kids and the Tarras School, and lifting the international profile of New Zealand’s fine wool industry.
For Outdoor Enthusiasts
For outdoor enthusiasts, the pleasures are many in the Cromwell Basin. Boating and fishing on splendid Lake Dunstan; golfing at New Zealand’s most inland links course where sandy dunes and marram grasses are negotiated, and cycling or walking in spectacular hills and valleys, where the ancient stories of goldmining and farming reverberate.
A motorsport mecca
In Cromwell, engines are all revved up for motorsport enthusiasts.
Cromwell is a motorsport mecca, a petrol-head adventure playground with something for everyone. From the 4.1km international racing circuit of Highlands Motorsport Park to the Central Motor Speedway, the Central Otago Motorsport Club’s street sprints and the Cromwell Classic Car and Hotroad Show, there’s plenty to get your wheels spinning amid all this motor head glamour.
Cromwell Today
Today, New Zealand’s farthest inland town has a new, uplifting energy as people are attracted to the Cromwell Basin’s sunny, dry climate, and the work and lifestyle opportunities. Now over 20 years on from its beginnings, Lake Dunstan has become the jewel in the Cromwell Basin’s crown - a glistening, inviting adventure playground.
Dynamic and positive, the Cromwell basin is Central Otagos' wild child come of age.
The Teviot Valley Story
This is the Teviot—a diverse and special place, endowed with nature’s goodness and dynamic, strong communities. Here the land gives generously and the people do too.
Read more about The Teviot Valley Story
Manuherikia & Ida Valley Story
The Manuherikia and Ida Valleys are proud, timeless places. Edged by sturdy mountain ranges and crumpled velvet hills, they are soul country.
Read more about Manuherikia & Ida Valley Story
Central Otago Fashion Story
Wools grown in Central Otago range from strong to finer fibres, which transform into luxury floor coverings and classic garments. Companies see significant value in clean fibres and the provenance story of Central Otago.
Read more about Central Otago Fashion Story
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A/NZ partners win big at Microsoft Partner of the Year Awards
Microsoft’s annual Partner of the Year Awards have this year recognised several Australia and New Zealand partners for their achievements within the Microsoft partner ecosystem.
Local A/NZ winners include New Zealand’s Enlighten Designs, as well as Australia’s Accenture/Avanade, Barhead Solutions, and LAB3.
Enlighten Designs was recognised as Microsoft’s New Zealand Partner of the Year for its excellence in innovation and implementation of customer solutions using Microsoft technologies.
Enlighten Designs founder and CEO Damon Kelly says the award is a significant achievement and recognition of how it uses solutions to make a positive change.
"To love what we do, and to be acknowledged for our team's hard work and dedication with this prestigious award, is one we will celebrate proudly. To win in such great company is a humbling acknowledgement, and to be part of the collective Microsoft partner ecosystem allows us all to do good and truly change the world for the better,” says Kelly.
According to Enlighten, the company has been innovating with Microsoft technologies for the past 21 years, last year winning two Microsoft New Zealand Partner Awards and being named finalist in a third category.
Matt Bostwick, Commercial Partner Director at Microsoft New Zealand commercial partner director Matt Bostwick says, “From helping to clean up our beaches with Sustainable Coastlines to improving access to electricity and supporting local businesses to engage better with their customers, Enlighten truly exemplifies an innovative, exceptional partner that well deserves to be recognised on the world stage. I look forward to seeing what more they can achieve in years to come.”
The Partner of the Year Awards also supported local Australian partners, with three winners and several other finalists in the running.
Accenture/Avanade won the Australian Partner of the Year Award for its efforts in migrating approximately 50 government agencies to Azure in six months and created a ‘world first’ multi-tenanted SAP migration to Azure in the process.
Furthermore, the Accenture/Avanade team used Power Apps, Power Automate, and Azure API Management, the team produced an app in 10 days. The app helped doctors monitor the health and recovery of patients presenting with COVID-19 symptoms.
Barhead Solutions won the Global Partner for Social Impact Award for its work to create PowerApp leveraging Microsoft Power Platform to process employee records during the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby ensuring that more than 5000 workers were paid.
Barhead CEO and cofounder Ken Struthers says, “We work closely with Microsoft Partner Development Manager and the One Commercial Partner team to help join the dots across the various cloud solutions."
“Partnering with Microsoft is truly that, a partnership where we are confident that the Microsoft team supports our business goals and have a very clear and articulated desire to help us succeed."
LAB3 won the Australia Growth Award. This award recognises significant progress by a partner which has demonstrated exemplary values and achievements and serves as a beacon to other partners.
LAB3 develops proprietary intellectual property and provides managed services to support customers, including Fourpoint (manufacturing IoT & analytics solution), SensorMine (a mining IoT and data platform), Azure Bedrock (Azure scaffolding as code) for highly regulated industries such as financial services and LAB3 Teams calling.
Microsoft Australia’s chief partner officer Rachel Bondi says, “The immense impact that our partners have had, particularly in terms of supporting customers through the challenges of COVID-19 has been outstanding. It is a great pleasure to be able to publicly acknowledge that work through our Partner of the Year Awards. Working together over the coming 12 months I am confident we will build on this year’s success and progress to even greater things.”
The 2020 Microsoft Partner of the Year Awards received more than 3300 nominations this year.
“It is an honour to recognise the winners and finalists of the 2020 Microsoft Partner of the Year Awards,” says Microsoft One Commercial Partner corporate vice president Gavriella Schuster.
“These partners go above and beyond, delivering timely solutions that solve the complex challenges that businesses around the world face – from communicating and collaborating virtually to helping customers realise their full potential with Azure cloud services, and beyond. I am proud to congratulate each winner and finalist.”
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Microsoft Microsoft Inspire Microsoft Partner Awards Enlighten Designs Accenture Avanade LAB3 Barhead Solutions
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Forests serve as important reservoirs of carbon, and the clearance of primary forest cover causes serious increases in greenhouse gas emissions. Forests also provide habitat for half of all known plant and animal species, regulate local rainfall patterns and provide livelihoods for millions of people in rural communities.
More than five million farmers in West Africa, Southeast Asia and the Americas grow cocoa, often in areas where deforestation is a problem. Most are smallholders working modest plots of land planted with aging, unproductive cocoa trees that generate little income. There is an urgent need to help farmers grow more cocoa on existing farmland, without encroaching on remaining forests.
Mars sources cocoa from a number of countries including Brazil, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Columbia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Ghana, Indonesia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines and Vietnam, with the majority coming from Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana and Indonesia.
As part of the Mars wide Sustainable in a Generation Plan, in September 2018 we announced our Cocoa for Generations strategy. Through this strategy, we will continue our journey to source Responsible Cocoa across our entire supply chain by 2025, with measures to improve farmer incomes, protect children and preserve forests.
This document explains our approach to preserving forests within our cocoa supply chain, and as part of our Mars wide ambition to hold flat our land use and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from our value chain by 67% by 2050, from 2015 levels.
Our Ambition & Supply Chain Solutions
Mars is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation’s Cocoa & Forests Initiative established in 2018. Mars is a signatory to the CFI commitments to halt deforestation and forest degradation in the global cocoa supply chain, with an initial focus on Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana, where more than 65% of cocoa is grown.
Our aim is to achieve a deforestation-free supply chain by 2025. Where credible, landscape-level frameworks such as CFI exist and are backed by other critical actors, we may take additional steps to support enhanced agroforestry, reforestation or forest restoration, or to prevent conversion in other habitats.
Our Expectations
The challenges the cocoa industry faces are complex and must be tackled collectively. We firmly support the frameworks for action introduced by the governments of Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana as part of the CFI. In full alignment with these frameworks, we have developed company action plans for the two countries and are proud to share our progress: Mars Action Plans. The action plans set out our actions, targets and progress achieved so far within the three CFI pillars of Forest Protection and Restoration, Sustainable Production and Farmers’ Livelihoods, and Community Engagement and Social Inclusion. We are working in partnership with all our suppliers and technical expert organizations to pursue quality implementation of our CFI country action plans.
Following Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana, our priority countries for 2021 are Indonesia, Brazil and Cameroon. This year, we will complete forest risk assessments in these countries and develop a country action plan for Indonesia. The Action for Brazil and Cameroon will be published in 2021. With respect to Ecuador, we will complete a further risk assessment in 2021 as well as review our approach in other countries from which we source cocoa.
Each country’s action plan will describe our ambition on how we will work with our suppliers, partners and government to meet the following:
All cocoa we source is from legal sources, with a deforestation cutoff date of 2008 or the date specified in a credible landscape-level framework such as CFI
No deforestation of primary forest or areas of high conservation value
No development in high carbon stock forest areas
Working within credible, landscape-level frameworks where these exist
Support existing human rights commitments including respect for cocoa farmer’s land rights, free prior and informed consent, and the rights of indigenous and forest-dependent people for cocoa plantation developments on land they own legally, communally or by custom
Where appropriate, improvements to existing cocoa farms through the provision of shade trees
Any further actions to support enhanced agroforestry, reforestation or forest restoration, or to prevent conversion in other habitats
Traceability to farm level globally by 2025, with some countries achieving this earlier. We will support the development of national traceability frameworks to enable this process where relevant
Compliance with the Mars, Incorporated Supplier Code of Conduct: This sets our expectations in the areas of child labor, forced labor, discrimination, compensation and benefits, working hours, freedom of association and right to collective bargaining, health and safety, the environment and ethical business practices.
Collaboration: We will continue to work with government, industry and civil society stakeholders on collaborative efforts to preserve forests. In particular, we will support governments to implement and enforce forest protection policies, as our own ambitions rely on these being put into effect.
Verification: We will work to redefine cocoa production standards with people and planet at their core, and to introduce measures to verify that the cocoa we source complies with our approach and Cocoa for Generations. Verification may include assurance against enhanced certification standards that go beyond current requirements or other forms of third-party assessment. Our country action plans will define verification measures that reflect the local situation.
Supply Chain transparency: We believe it is important to drive greater supply chain traceability and transparency and will annually disclose our traceability progress.
We are seeking to build an efficient and highly transparent supply chain that gives us confidence we are preventing deforestation. Our approach applies globally to our Tier 1, cocoa suppliers we source directly from.
We will work closely with governments and first-tier cocoa suppliers to implement our action plans, while providing clear guidelines and support. Where we believe no further progress is possible, we reserve the right to step away from supplier relationships suppliers who do not meet our Responsible Cocoa specifications in the required time frame. We recognize that stepping away may harm smallholder farmers in a supplier’s value chain and will aim to minimize impact where possible. Where necessary, we will seek support from expert partners as we work towards our ambition.
As we implement our approach, Mars will utilize a panel of internal and external stakeholders to review our approach at least every two years. The review will hold us and our suppliers to account, share lessons learned, and ensure our approach remain appropriate and effective.
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Film Review – 50/50 (2011)
Mixing comedy with a life changing experience such as a near fatal disease might not be everyone’s cup of tea and could be seen anything but funny. How you approach the subject matter is the key and in Jonathan Levine’s 50/50 the subject matter maybe be cancer but it’s not the disease that’s the funny subject its how people cope and respond to the disease.
50/50 stars Joseph Gordon-Levitt as Adam a 27 year old writer for a local Seattle radio station who goes to the doctors after complaining about back pain. What starts as a routine check up turn’s into a nightmare for Adam as he is diagnosed with a rare life-threatening spinal cancer giving Adam a 50/50 chance of surviving. Now in a dire need of support from his loved ones he first gets it from his girlfriend Rachael (Bryce Dallas Howard) but eventually her guilt and self-obsession get the best of her and she scatters, then we have Adam’s mother (Anjelica Houston) who just do what mums do best worry as in her eyes your still that little bundle of joy she gave birth to 27 years previously so even when things are ok she’ll still worry.
As Adam’s world starts to collapse around him the true support he needs shines through first in the shape of Katherine(Anna Kendrick) the young therapist assigned to him for counselling.Despite her inexperience to cope and provide proper counsel to Adam’s psychological pain, she does lend the listening ear to let Adam dish out his angst. They always say you know who your true friends are in time of crisis and Kyle (Seth Rogen), Adam’s best friend is certainly that friend for life he needs.
When you have a film all about the effects of the big C (cancer), isn’t a laughing matter but in 50/50 is a comedy that doesn’t ridicule the illness that’s affected people from all walks of life all around the world. 50/50 is a genuinely moving funny tale that will make you chuckle and even cry at the same time simply down to the film based on its writer Will Reiser’s own personal battle with cancer. As they say, sometimes you can’t understand or appreciate it until you have either tried or experienced it personally and because of Reiser’s own experience, he brings an honest account that’s raw and most of all heartfelt.
What works for 50/50 is the chemistry between Adam and Kyle, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Seth Rogen. Levitt deliver’s a genuine performance that never makes Adam feel like a moaning minny or clichéd. This film is further proof of why he is one of Hollywood’s hottest young actors delivering a subtly and versatility to what on the card looks a difficult film. Seth Rogen has he delivered a career best performance? Possibly, but what he does prove he can leave his comfort zone of comedy and deliver a dramatic performance which can be as good or even funnier in what he’s done before. Rogen gives Kyle a charming love-ability to do what friends should do friends should do in the time of crises, cheer up their buddies, he even encourages Adam to use his cancer to pick up sympathetic girls. Ironically the reason why Rogen’s performance stands out is simply down to Kyle is actually Seth as he his Will’s true life friend!
Have to give a mention to Phillip Baker Hall, Matt Frewer who play the older cancer patients Adam meets when he starts the chemotherapy. They introduce Adam to the ‘medicinal’ marijuana delivering a extra piece of humour to the film but most of all they help Adam appreciate life and encourage him to grab the bull by the horns and laugh at the face of death, letting death know “life is short but it’s too soon for me to die now!”
50/50 is a moving poignant tale that will have you laughing and crying at the same time. Despite the rocky opening the film rarely clichés or even questions why or how we get Cancer its just how we cope with the devastating news and what we do to fight it.
★★★★|Paul Devine
Comedy, Drama | USA, 2011 | 15 | 25th November 2011 (UK)| Lionsgate | Dir.Jonathan Levine | Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Seth Rogen, Anna Kendrick, Bryce Dallas Howard
This was originally posted at The Peoples Movies | 25th November 2011
April 8, 2017 chroniclesinfilmDrama, DVD, Film Reviews, Home Release, Romance50/50, Anna Kendrick, I'm With Cancer, Jonathan Levine, Joseph Gordon Levitt, Seth Rogen, The Peoples Movies
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Film reviews and commentary for those who love the movies.
Randy's Film Commentary and Reviews
Tag Archives: Sandra Bullock
Director – Alfonso Cuaron, Screenplay – Jonas Cuaron , Screenplay – Alfonso Cuaron
Synopsis: Gravity stars Sandra Bullock and George Clooney in a heart-pounding thriller that pulls you into the infinite and unforgiving realm of deep space. Bullock plays Dr. Ryan Stone, a brilliant medical engineer on her first shuttle mission, with veteran astronaut Matt Kowalsky (Clooney). But on a seemingly routine spacewalk, disaster strikes. The shuttle is destroyed, leaving Stone and Kowalsky completely alone – tethered to nothing but each other and spiraling out into the blackness. The deafening silence tells them they have lost any link to Earth and any chance for rescue. As fear turns to panic, every gulp of air eats away at what little oxygen is left. But the only way home may be to go further out into the terrifying expanse of space. — (C) Warner Bros.
Sandra Bullock – Ryan Stone
George Clooney – Matt Kowalsky
Ed Harris – Mission Control
Orto Ignatiussen – Aningaaq
Amy Warren – Explorer Captain
Review: Gravity is a pulse pounding, thrill ride of a film that is less cerebral than say Kubrick’ s, 2001 A Space Odyssey , less fantasy visually than Cuaron’s Pan’s Labrynth, and certainly not based in the Star Trek/Star Wars style mythology. Gravity is a visually stunning “what if” adventure concerning itself with survival, if faced with abandonment, in a routine space walk and disaster strikes. Sandra Bullock as Medical Engineer Ryan Stone, on her first venture into space with George Clooney as veteran astronaut Matt Kowalsky are busy working outside their space shuttle when they get an urgent message from NASA, the Russians by demolishing one of their obsolete satellites, causing fragments of debris, metal parts, and various other satellite parts to fly at enormous speeds in the path of the shuttle. All hell breaks loose causing Clooney and Bullock to spin out of control. Clooney manages to stop his spin, Bullock, who is now spinning away from the shuttle is alone and out of touch with NASA. The silence, horror and panic in the vastness of space is as terrifying and real a moment, in brilliant use of 3D yet, that propels the events that ensue. In Bullock’s character we learn her back story and come to realize this is a woman who lost a child and is about to confront her maker, and the changes that take place as she manages to save herself. The movements of Clooney and Bullock are tense as they clock the time the debris will orbit back and hit them again. Bullock’s face beneath the helmet she wears shows the desperation as she listens for Clooney’s voice to talk her through it. With their colleagues dead, you can only hope that these two manage to save themselves. Using a thruster pack Clooney and Bullock make their way to the nearby International Space Station (ISS) only to find it damaged and unusable. En route to the ISS, the two discuss Stone’s life back home and the death of her young daughter. As they approach the substantially damaged but still operational ISS, they see its crew has evacuated in one of its two Soyuz modules and that the parachute of the other capsule has accidentally been deployed, rendering it useless for returning to Earth. Kowalski suggests the remaining Soyuz be used to travel to the nearby Chinese space station Tiangong, 100 mi (160 km) away, and board one of its modules to return safely to Earth. Out of air and maneuvering power, the two try to grab onto the ISS as they fly by. Stone’s leg gets entangled in Soyuz’s parachute cords and she is able to grab a strap on Kowalski’s suit. Despite Stone’s protests, Kowalski detaches himself from the tether to save her from drifting away with him, and she is pulled back towards the ISS. As Kowalski floats away, he radios her additional instructions and encouragement. The rest of the story is about Bullock’s rebirth and survival as she confronts her own demons and past. Cuaron uses imagery to depict Bullock as baby in a womb as Bullock floats through the Soyuz.
This is a first class adventure movie; the use of 3D enhances the story in a way I have never seen before. You feel the sense of insignificance as alone and floating in the silence of space can be. The film is up for 2013 Best Picture Academy Award and Bullock is up for Best Actress.
Tags: Academy Awards, Alfonso Cuaron, cinema, Cinema Review, Cinema Reviews, commentary, entertainment, film, George Clooney, Gravity, Movie Reviews, Movies, Oscars, Sandra Bullock
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Technology predictions of 2021: digital innovation & cyber security9 hrs ago
Israel’s Cyberbit banks on the rising demand of cybersecurity in India
The scale of the Indian market is worth to invest as much as the scale of the US market for us: Neri Zin, Vice President – APAC, Cyberbit Ltd.
Pankaj Maru
Bangalore: Cyberbit, an Israeli cybersecurity company with a major focus on big data analytics and machine learning based security solutions is banking high on the rising demand of cybersecurity solutions in India, particularly in the banking sector. The company is eyeing the enterprise customers in the banking and managed security services space in India.
Since the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) came up with its Cyber Security Framework for the banks, there’s been a steady surge in the demand of cyber security solutions and services in the domestic market.
To adhere to this stringent new cybersecurity regulation, banking organisations are taking help of cybersecurity companies and managed security service providers (MSSPs).
“India is a bit of follower in terms of regulations, but the recent RBI regulation is right and well comprehensive regulation for the banking industry. When we saw the first draft in the mid of May 2017, we knew that if this will work, then this will be one of our main markets because the scale of the Indian market is worth to invest as much as the scale of the US market for us,” said Neri Zin, Vice President – APAC, Cyberbit Ltd.
“That’s why we decided to focus on the Indian market not only for the local activities in India, but also to work with service providers that are providing services from India to international markets,” added Zin.
With the Indian government emphasizing on digital banking, more and more banks are offering digital banking services today; however, how adequate and equipped the banks’ cybersecurity mechanism is to be seen. Two Indian private banks, namely City Union Bank and Cosmos Co-operative Bank have suffered major cyber attacks this year.
Given this scenario, India is prone to cyber attacks going ahead and this possibility can’t be ruled out according to experts.
“We do see a very a huge increase in attacks on the banking industry, particularly when banks are moving into digital payments and so the vulnerability to such attacks is much higher. We also see India in the centre of major cyber attacks globally and I think it’s because India is progressing into the digital era,” observed Zin.
The Indian market, according to Zin is taking the steps gradually and now it’s reaching to maturity in terms of security.
Citing Gartner research, Zin stated that India is the fastest growing cyber security market in the world more than the US. “The economy in India is building and batting up in such a way that it must bring to the level of security that is anticipated in the international markets,” he expected.
According to Gartner’s latest report, the enterprise information security spending on products and services is to touch $1.7 billion in 2018 and further expected to grow to $1.9 billion in 2019.
“The services that Indian companies are providing globally are huge and it’s becoming major in the Europe and US. Managed security services (MSS) companies like HCL and TCS – are among the top 10 MSS companies globally and that’s why we believe this is a major market for us to support global and not just local,” said Zin.
The Elbit Systems’ company mainly focuses on two verticals -- large enterprises in the financial services and government segment and the managed security service providers.
It leverages big data analytics and machine learning technology to provide advanced security offerings like the EDR (Endpoint Detection & Response) product and SOC 3D – the first of a kind SOAR (Security Automation and Orchestration) platform. With local partners’ help, Cyberbit is expanding its support centre located in Mumbai for local customers as well as international markets.
When it comes to enterprise customers and information security, the role of CIOs and CISOs remain very critical globally including India.
“CIOs in India have to prioritise their activities. The no.1 driver for their motivation is regulation. The Indian government was quite active in coming up with the regulation of the banking industry and now is taking steps also for the critical infrastructure regulation, which is a bit behind the global markets like Europe and the US,” commented Zin.
On the CISO front, Zin found that most of the CISOs are reactive when it comes to cyber attacks and security. He said that some CISOs are more proactive and more advance in their (security) needs.
“Because they already have passed the phase of just ticking the boxes and comply with regulations and are trying to benefit out of the security. The successful CISOs are CISOs that can generate revenue out of their security,” concluded Zin.
Neri Zin
Cyberbit
Cosmos Co-operative Bank
CISOs
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I’ll resolve Bimbilla chieftaincy dispute – Togbi Sri assures
The sole arbiter in the Bimbilla chieftaincy dispute, Awoamefia of Anlo State, Togbe Sri III has assured factions in the Bimbilla chieftaincy dispute that he will not allow internal or external influence to affect the mediation process.
Togbe Sri gave the assurance when he met the factions separately at a meeting in Tamale on Wednesday.
The sole mediator has also called for the support and cooperation of the factions to ensure a smooth, transparent and successful process that will bring lasting peace to Nanum.
“I don’t entertain the least fear that I will not be able to resolve this problem. What I need is your cooperation and I can assure you here that during the tenure of deliberations, I will not allow myself to be influenced by anybody; either internal or externally. I will stand firm on my feet and make sure the right thing is done.”
“My sole aim is to bring peace to Nanum to leave a legacy for the generations unborn. I know and I believe that all of you here have already agreed that peace is what we are looking for and my main target and that of the president of Ghana is so much determined to see peace in Nanumba land.”
Meanwhile, the Andani royal family which had served notice of a boycott of the process in a press conference a day earlier citing political bias rescinded its decision and attended the meeting.
Both Factions pledged their cooperation to Togbe Sri, saying they are confident he will work to bring peace to Nanum.
The decision over the legitimate chief of Bimbilla has been in dispute for many years.
The issue was put before the National House of Chiefs for arbitration.
The verdict of the chiefs was subsequently affirmed by the Supreme Court in 2018, declaring Naa Andani II as the legitimate chief of the area but this ruling has since hit a snag.
However, to resolve this dispute, President Nana Akufo-Addo announced that the Ministry of Chieftaincy and Religious Affairs in consultation with the Ministry of National Security have proposed customary mediators to resolve the chieftaincy issues.
This subsequently led to the appointment of Awoamefia of Anlo State, Togbe Sri III to lead the mediation process to help resolve the long-standing chieftaincy conflict in Nanum.
Source: Diana Ngon | citinewsroom.com | Ghana
Tags: Bimbilla Chieftaincy disputeGhana News
GFA Congress: ‘Accept new statutes or no elections for you’ – FIFA to Ghana clubs
DISCLAIMER: We’re not charging artistes to perform at Citi TV’s Voice Factory finale
DISCLAIMER: We're not charging artistes to perform at Citi TV's Voice Factory finale
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For This Queer Latina, the Kitchen is the Best Place to Fight For Justice
Phoenix Chef Silvana Salcido Esparza says food is political and that it’s in her DNA to stand up for immigrant and LGBTQ rights.
By Ellen Kanner
Chef Silvana Salcido Esparza counts Constantine the Great and Moctezuma among her ancestors, so perhaps her elevated distillation of Mexican cuisine comes naturally. It’s earned her five James Beard Award nominations and Food & Wine’s Best Mexican Chef 2017 designation. But it’s her immigrant, working-class roots she identifies with most.
Chef Silvana
Chef Esparza calls the food at her Phoenix restaurants Barrio Café and new plant-forward Barrio Café Gran Reserva comida chingona—badass food. And she is a bit of a badass herself. It’s not just her sleeve of tattoos, the thrust of her chin, and the ready-to-rumble set of her hips. As part of Phoenix’s ONE Community Foundation, a coalition pushing for more equality and diversity, Esparza put her own face on a billboard urging businesses not to discriminate based on gender preference.
When the Arizona Senate enacted anti-immigrant legislation, she spearheaded the effort to transform Phoenix’s gritty, graffitied 16th Street into Calle 16—“mi barrio,” she calls it—a vibrant gathering space and a source of pride for its Latino community, its signature murals commissioned by the chef and painted by local artists.
On The Day Without Immigrants, Esparza also closed her restaurants for the day to protest President Trump’s immigration policies. And she and her staff served free meals to federal workers during the recent government shutdown.
Her actions have won her praise in some quarters, as well as a fair amount of hate mail. But it doesn’t stop her. And that, too, is part of her 800 years of ancestry. “I come from generations of advocates for those who cannot advocate for themselves,” she says.
A lesbian with Mexican roots, Esparza spoke with Civil Eats about the future of cuisine (“exciting”), the future of America (“troubling”), and the reason she sees the kitchen as one of the best places to address both.
Cooking is in your genes; you come from a family of bakers.
My grandfather had a bakery, La Especial in Juarez, where he trained all of his 11 sons. It was where my parents met and married, by the way. She, the cashier; he, the cute baker in the back. My father took what his father did to California. He moved with my mother from Juarez in 1958. By 1966, he had already opened his first of many bakeries in the heart of the San Joaquin Valley, in the small farming city of Merced. I watched my uncles own and operate their own bakeries. I trained in these bakeries, always dreaming that I would not be like them.
I remember it was summer. I was in the back of the bakery helping my father with the grinding of the nixtamal into masa, with my brother at the end of the machine counting tortillas as they arrived on the conveyor belt. Behind us were my father’s two brothers, doing what their father taught them, baking Mexican bread. Outside, it was over 100 degrees, and inside, it felt like 140. It was then that I swore to myself I would never follow them. But at 27, I came back, begging my father to teach me the family business.
What changed for you?
I imagine it’s part of my DNA. I have always loved being in the kitchen; it calls to me. I am a natural at it, and I realized I’m also a natural at being a leader. The kitchen has never failed me.
Chiles en nogada from Barrio Café
So, which came first for you, cooking or activism?
It’s like what came first, the chicken or the egg? I was taught both by my father who was a humanitarian, a baker, and a preacher. He would sell bread from his van at the migrant camps and then turn around and preach to them on Saturday. As long as I can remember, baking, the business associated with it, and preaching have always been part of our way of life.
I have modified what my father taught me to fit my personality. I incorporate baking into my cuisine to honor that legacy—chile relleno wrapped in puff dough for example—and my preaching is not about God, but about equality and betterment for all.
You do more than preach about advancement and equality for all, though, you act on the ideals. Knowing how you feel about the hard work involved in a culinary career, why do you mentor up-and-coming chefs?
My father taught me to be of service to my community. That’s something I strive to do to this very day in every way I can. I have been mentoring young students who are part of a high school program called C-CAP [Careers through Culinary Arts Program]. They are also Dreamers for the most part. I take them under my wing and let them shine.
You’ve also advocated on behalf of immigrants and the LGBTQ community.
Inequality is something that affects me to my very core. I am a full-blown, confirmed, and certified lesbian who also happens to be the daughter of immigrants. As a first-born American, I always knew that I had rights—American rights, truth, justice, and all that bullshit. But life showed me different.
In the kitchen at the Barrio Cafe
As a child in the 1960s, my family attended McSwain Elementary in Merced—it’s still there. [Back then] it was an all-Anglo school—not just white, but country white. Cowboy boots and Wranglers were the school uniform. I spoke Spanish and wore bell-bottoms, and my hair was sort of a full-blown Afro. For many, I was their first encounter with a person of color. I was alienated from social events and was told things like, “You are not dirty, for a Mexican… I thought all Mexicans were dirty.” Or “Your daddy owns a business? Aren’t you guys from Mexico?”
What makes the kitchen an effective place to fight for social justice?
Food is political, whether you like it or not. Immigration, the price of oil, labor, the lack of labor, the growing minimum wage, the lack of employees, insurance costs, the freaking stock market, and the government shutdown all have an effect on the food we eat.
An immigrant’s hands have [probably] touched your food. If that alone is not political, I don’t know what is. Immigrants have silently been serving and feeding us without reproach for the hard labor and unfair treatment they have received from their willing employers for generations. I’ve watched them suffer from the shadows without a voice.
In Arizona, we had a sheriff that terrorized the Mexican community by setting up illegal checkpoints only in our community. Fear was thick and there was a mass exodus from Arizona after the racist SB 1070–the “show us your papers” law—was signed by the governor. No one wanted to work as a dishwasher or prep cook. We lost a giant part of our workforce, something that to this day has not recovered. Legal or not, folks were not willing to stick around in a state where a group is picked on because of the color of their skin.
I stood up and spoke against this law, leaving me on a list called Boycott the Boycotters. Did it hurt my business? Yes, it did. I saw a decrease in business from my Anglo customers and received scores of letters and phone calls stating they would not return to my establishment due to my stance on SB 1070. I have also received death threats and personal insults galore. But staying quiet when I see an injustice is not part of my DNA.
The foundation of my success as a chef was the immigrant crew that wanted to work for me. We built a friendship beyond the walls of the kitchen. Weddings, deaths, quinceañeras, holiday parties, deportations, you name it—I have been part of their lives.
A lot of food calling itself Mexican in the U.S. isn’t. How do you determine what is authentic Mexican cooking?
The hoja santa at Barrio Cafe Gran Reserva
Mexican food is a gift from the gastronomic gods. I love my Mexican-trained palate, but I have never have claimed my food to be Mexican cuisine. It’s a cuisine inspired by my study of Mexico, my own family history, and my personal story and history. I travel extensively through Mexico and am involved with the [group] Cocineras Tradicionales of Oaxaca, where I continue to be inspired beyond words.
But even then, I cannot claim to cook authentic Mexican food. It’s impossible in the United States. Everything from the nixtamal to the water and environment is different. For the most part, American cuisine tends to be bland compared to other cultures; yellow cheese and flour-thickened red sauce are not part of the Mexican cooking vernacular.
Can you say more about why you’re giving your cuisine a plant-based spin at your new restaurant, Barrio Cafe Gran Reserva?
I am crushing the iconic menu I wrote at the Barrio Café and starting over with a vegetarian menu. The menu I wrote in 2002, although it has evolved, was written by a whole different person. I have evolved as a person and a chef. Mexican food is plant-based by nature—huitlacoche, nopale, chayote, hoja santa. I am excited to see what I come up with. Even at 58, I still have big plans.
Considering you were ambivalent about having a career in the kitchen, why do you stick with it?
The absolute most rewarding part of cooking is watching people eat, enjoy, and be amazed.
All photos courtesy of Chef Silvana.
Jackson Harris
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Xandria Hair
Community Outreach Worker
Email: xhair@cookcountyhhs.org
As a native of Chicago, Xandria Hair developed a passion for improving health outcomes of marginalized populations. This passion spans across many sectors of Public Health as she advocates for access to health equity from a social and racial equality perspective. Spearheading various community outreach initiatives allows her to address health disparities that impact the population she serves.
Xandria has embraced her role as Community Outreach Worker with Cook County Health as an opportunity to engage and build relationships with diverse communities across the Chicagoland area. She earned a Master of Public Health with a concentration in Community Health from DePaul University. Her love for community is evident as she hosts the annual 4 Men Only Health Fair at Provident Hospital, an event that brings awareness to men’s health, provides access to an array of health services and resources, and allows opportunities for students as a pathway to careers in healthcare.
Xandria has spent her career shaping both the non-profit and healthcare sectors in an effort to support populations disproportionately impacted by a number of social determinants of health. At Cook County Health, her work implementing community health practices helps to increase collaborative efforts, engage stakeholders, and improve the equity and well-being of our patient population.
Email: acollins3@cookcountyhhs.org
A native Chicagoan, Alice fell in love with community outreach when she was only a teen. The youngest of 10 children, she got a job through the City of Chicago Summer Youth Employment program working at a local youth service agency, where she was part of a team reaching out to other teens and encouraging them to avoid unhealthy behaviors. Through that experience, as well as challenges her family faced, Alice developed a deep enthusiasm for sharing resources and information to make a difference in the lives of others.
Alice was the first in her family to obtain a Master’s Degree and has wide-ranging experience working in the non-profit and healthcare sectors. In her previous job, she helped homeowners experiencing foreclosure to avoid losing their homes. During her time there, Alice uncovered a large-scale fraud operation involving individuals deeding homes in foreclosure to themselves. She diligently followed up with law enforcement, elected officials, and HUD and advocated on behalf of the property owners. After a lengthy investigation, the State’s Attorney’s Office charged and convicted four people with fraud, and the victims were able to secure title to their homes. In response, Cook County changed the way property deeds are recorded, making homeowners less vulnerable to this type of theft.
At Cook County Health, as part of the Outreach team, Alice helps people connect with our health system and CountyCare so they can access the care they need. A graduate of the CCH Leadership Development Institute, she is devoted to serving our patients and investing in the communities where our clinics are located. She even advocated for sponsorship of a local youth baseball program in the Ford Heights community as a way for youth there to build confidence, be involved in team building and demonstrate Cottage Grove Health Center’s investment in the community.
Alice is committed to engaging diverse communities and is passionate about sharing Cook County Health’s motto, “We Bring Care to the Community”.
Marcelino Garcia
Director of Community Affairs
Email: mgarcia6@cookcountyhhs.org
Marcelino Garcia is Cook County Health’s Director of Community Affairs. An attorney by training, he has expertise in local and international government, healthcare and community affairs. Marcelino has spent many years helping people with their legal difficulties through his public interest law work. He also works arduously to bring resources to communities to ensure their economic and health development.
Marcelino is devoted to public service, having worked in leadership roles at not‐for‐profits and governmental entities. Through his work at the Chicago Legal Clinic, he was able to help clients deal with mortgage foreclosures, domestic relations issues, bankruptcy, and immigration matters. Marcelino worked with management and budgets at the State of Illinois to ensure the efficient operation of entities and the avoidance of waste at all cost. His work also focuses on ensuring that Chicago is recognized as a true international city with the many different business and cultural attributes the region has to offer. Marcelino has many years of international business development experience, having worked as Senior Manager of International Relations for Chicago 2016, the Olympic Candidacy Committee and as Assistant Managing Director of the Illinois Office of Trade and Investment, where he worked with Illinois companies looking to export to new markets in the Americas, Africa and the Middle East.
Marcelino is a licensed attorney in the State of Illinois and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. He earned his J.D. from Northwestern University and his Bachelor’s Degree from Dartmouth College. He is fluent in English and Spanish and proficient in French, Italian, and Portuguese. An avid traveler, he enjoys visiting new and interesting places to experience the world’s societies. He is an avid skier, swimmer and gourmand and enjoys interacting with people from all over the world.
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Briefly describe any experience you may have as a community leader or public speaker.*
List employment and/or volunteer experience.*
Check skills, experience and/or education.
Special skills*
Personnel/Human Resources
Professional background*
For-profit business
Other (please specify):
Undergraduate college degree
Some graduate coursework
Graduate degree or higher
Other (please specify);
Other affiliations:
Board or committee service:
Finally, which locations are you interested in participating:
Arlington Heights Health Center, 3250 N. Arlington Heights Road, Arlington Height, IL 60074
Blue Island Health Center, 12757 S. Western Avenue, Blue Island, IL 60406
Cottage Grove Health Center, 1645 S. Cottage Grove Avenue, Ford Heights, IL 60411
Englewood Health Center, 1135 W. 69th Street, Chicago, IL 60621
North Riverside Health Center, 1800 S. Harlem Avenue, North Riverside, IL 60546
Provident Hospital/Sengstacke Health Center, 500 E. 51st Street, Chicago, IL 60615
Robbins Health Center, 13450 S. Kedzie Avenue, Robbins, IL 60472
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Home » News » Animal Crossing: New Horizons Is The First #1 Selling UK Game Of 2021
Animal Crossing: New Horizons Is The First #1 Selling UK Game Of 2021
Animal Crossing: New Horizons is the first game to top the UK sales charts in 2021, following a year of critical acclaim and global success.
The battle for the best-selling Switch game is heating up, and it will be very interesting to read Nintendo’s upcoming financial reports in February. Mario Kart 8 Deluxe has dominated the Switch’s sales chart since release, and even games like Pokemon Sword & Shield and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate have been unable to pry it from its throne. A challenger to Mario Kart’s dominance appeared in 2020 when Animal Crossing: New Horizons became a massive success on the Switch, where it quickly sold over 26 million units.
Related: Animal Crossing Celebrates New Year’s Eve With Countdown Event Later Tonight
The UK sales figures for the end of 2020/beginning of 2021 are here, and Tom Nook has come out on top once again. According to GamesPress, New Horizons is the first #1 selling game of 2021 in the UK. It has pushed Fifa 21 down to second place, with Mario Kart 8 Deluxe trailing in third.
The rest of the top ten is made up of other 2020 stalwarts. Assassin’s Creed Valhalla is #4, Just Dance 2021 is #5, Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War is #6, Minecraft is #7, Super Mario 3D All-Stars is #8, Grand Theft Auto V is #9, and New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe is #10. One game that has dropped significantly is Cyberpunk 2077, which now sits at #15. Cyberpunk 2077 debuted at #1 in the UK sales chart, but it quickly tumbled from the top spot, once word got out about how broken the console ports were.
The Nintendo Switch was predicted to be the biggest hit over the 2020 holiday season, but we’re still waiting on final sales figures for the period. It wouldn’t be surprising to see the Switch beat the PS5/Xbox Series systems, considering all of the issues those consoles had getting to market. The sales figures of the Switch are just the side-story to the drama of Animal Crossing vs. Mario Kart. If New Horizons has toppled Mario Kart 8 Deluxe, then it will be the first franchise to outsell a Mario Kart game on a Nintendo platform since Wii Sports (or New Super Mario Bros. on the Nintendo DS, if you don’t count pack-in games.)
Next: Become A Dodo Airlines Pilot Thanks To Official Jacket, Now Available
Source: GamesPress
Scott has been writing for The Gamer since it launched in 2017 and also regularly contributes to Screen Rant. He has previously written gaming articles for websites like Cracked, Dorkly, Topless Robot, and TopTenz. He has been gaming since the days of the ZX Spectrum, when it used to take 40 minutes to load a game from a tape cassette player to a black and white TV set.
Scott thinks Chrono Trigger is the best video game of all time, followed closely by Final Fantasy Tactics and Baldur’s Gate 2. He pretends that sorcerer is his favorite Dungeons & Dragons class in public but he secretly loves bards.
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Sea Of Thieves: How To Get Free Ancient Coins From Ancient Skeletons
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Data Tracking
Expert Sources
Funding Futures
Funding for Tomorrow
Spotlight: Delaware Tourism
Destinations facing challenge with resilience and creativity
Delaware Tourism Gives Small Businesses a Cinematic Platform
Resilience and creativity have always been hallmarks of the travel industry. At Miles, we’ve been inspired by the innovative ways that destinations and organizations are exemplifying those qualities, adapting to meet the extraordinary challenges presented by COVID-19. We will be spotlighting those efforts here each week to help share that inspiration throughout the industry.
Read on to find out how Delaware Tourism is working hand-in-hand with their community to create user-directed video content that supports and promotes small local businesses during the pandemic.
Challenge: Business as Unusual
Small businesses make up 98% of the businesses in Delaware and contribute significantly to the state’s tourism sector. These small businesses also employ 55% of Delawareans so when the Stay at Home Order went into effect from March 24 to May 31, it was a tremendous hit to the state’s residents and hospitality community. Between late February and May, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a loss of 41,300 jobs for the Delaware LTR sector with almost 60% of the jobs lost coming from Delaware hotels and restaurants. And when the order lifted June 1, it wasn’t exactly business as usual. As Delaware residents slowly began to venture out and practice new social distancing guidelines, many businesses were anxious to safely welcome them back and stay afloat.
Strategy: Lights, Camera, Action!
The Delaware Tourism Office developed a campaign called Local Discoveries. This program provides a platform for the Office to promote small businesses across the state to local residents via user-created video content. Selected small businesses use Cinebody, an intuitive app that allows users to create high-quality video with an iPhone, to visually showcase how their business is adjusting operations to keep customers safe during COVID-19 and reiterating the importance of supporting local communities.
The process to create the Local Discoveries videos has required some true COVID-19-era ingenuity. Together Miles and Delaware Tourism direct small businesses via documentation with suggested shot lists, talking prompts and questions for their video content. The small businesses send raw video files to Miles for editing and magic-working. Final products are being shared on Delaware Tourism’s YouTube, Facebook and Instagram accounts.
Another project that stemmed from this idea was the Protecting Delaware video series that is currently in production. Working together, Delaware Tourism and the Delaware Division of Small Business are developing compilation videos of several businesses around the state that will showcase additional steps the businesses are taking to help consumers feel safe, working within the Delaware Customer Protection Standards. These videos were shot by a local video company, and, keeping true to COVID guidelines, they were directed remotely via video conference by Miles and Delaware.
Results: Putting Faces with Business Names
In addition to raising awareness for small businesses across the state and creating a sense of appreciation between small businesses and their local communities, the Local Discoveries and Protecting Delaware videos have strengthened partnerships between Delaware Tourism and Delaware Division of Small Business, along with the businesses they partner with. They are tracking video views and reach, but have been more encouraged by the relationships they are building by helping local partners during these hard times.
To learn more, we talked with Liz Keller with Delaware Tourism Office (DTO) and Michael Chesney with Delaware Division of Small Business (DSB) to learn more about the strategy behind Local Discoveries and choosing Cinebody to showcase small businesses across the state.
What sparked the idea for the Local Discoveries video series?
DTO: We knew that local travel would be the first segment to begin exploring. As with our overall brand of “Endless Discoveries,” awareness is key. We aimed to help residents know more about what is available to do in their own backyard. Through video content, we wanted to highlight places that would pique interest. And using Cinebody provided a way to affordably and easily obtain the necessary footage from partners.
What are some of the overall goals and objectives of the Local Discoveries initiative and how are you measuring success?
DTO: Awareness is the most important goal along with sparking interest in exploring the state. We measured success by video views and reach but also by how important it is to the partner. A few thousand views go a long way when the partner feels we were there for them during a difficult time.
Why was it important for Delaware Tourism to partner with the Delaware Division of Small Business?
DSB: The Tourism Office is a unit of the Division of Small Business but operates with its own budget, own advertising, etc. This works well, especially because the normal audiences for the DTO and DSB messaging are so different. For DTO it is out-of-state consumers. For DSB it is in-state businesses. However, given COVID, DSB has needed to pivot its messaging toward in-state consumers. This has provided the opportunity for a combined marketing effort that takes the same overall content and simply angles it toward in-state or out-of-state depending on the office.
DTO: During this difficult time, it has been vital to have a strong relationship with our parent Division. It assisted with creating streamlined communications from the front line to the decision makers, but also allowed us to see the need of the businesses and organizations in a more detailed light. By partnering as two small teams coming together, we could expand our resources, reach and impact.
Are there any commonalities or trends you’ve noticed in how Delaware small businesses are approaching health and safety concerns and reopening?
DSB: There is absolutely a recognition among many, many Delaware businesses that being open safely and within the guidelines provided by the State is good for the bottom line. Improving and maintaining consumer confidence is essential to continuing to operate during a pandemic. And hundreds of businesses have become part of DSB’s COVID-19 Customer Protection Standards to help in that effort.
What has been the general response so far from both the general public and from featured small businesses to Local Discoveries videos?
DTO: The public has appreciated the showcase of new ideas, and local businesses are feeling supported. Cinebody helped spur ideas for businesses on crafting the message on their own social media. It gave them the roadmap for adjustments to their marketing.
What advice do you have for DMOs that want to partner with and support local businesses in their community?
DSB: For economic development agencies, the key to supporting businesses at this time is making it easy and worthwhile for them to be part of the effort. Being certain that there is a reason (and they understand that reason) for them to put valuable time and energy into working together increases both buy-in during content creation and dissemination. They need to know they, along with the State, will benefit from the messaging.
DTO: For a DMO it is important to know that we can do what we can do. At such a hard time, it can be easy to feel like we’re not doing enough. But, we are. Keeping in consistent contact by phone, not just email, gives businesses a personal connection, shows we’re making the effort and helps them get the best resources from our office. The direct contact is also better for businesses fighting to survive that don’t have time to do things like fill out a survey.
Are there any exciting things coming up for Delaware Tourism that you’d like to share?
DSB: The Division of Small Business is preparing to launch an advertising campaign to build consumer awareness of the COVID-19 Customer Protection Standards and what it means for a business to be part of the program. One of the most exciting elements of this campaign will be a concept Miles came up with to help DSB’s messaging cut through the “sea of sameness” currently in the marketplace when it comes to COVID-19 safety advertising and commercials.
DTO: The tourism office is moving forward with launching three new projects from a new interactive visitor experience to redesigning our main website. We also launched the new travel guide during COVID-19, which was an adventure in marketing. Our sales team members are now half sales and half industry relations. Our marketing team members are half marketing the state and half marketing advisors for businesses. Everyone is working together to lift the industry across Delaware.
Delaware’s local businesses have some fantastic stories to tell. Check out the Local Discoveries video series to learn more.
COVID-19 Communication Center
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Political Climate with Mark Simon: November elections will say a lot about county’s future
Published on July 27, 2018 in Featured/Headline/PoliticalClimate Mark Simon
With only 10 days left in which candidates can file to run for office, the November election already is shaping up as one of the most extraordinary in recent memory.
All 20 cities in San Mateo County have moved to even-year elections and 18 of them will hold city council elections this year. How many of them will be contested remains to be seen and often depends on whether there are incumbents seeking re-election.
But there are indications already that some of them will be very active races, including San Carlos, where there are three seats open and no incumbents. Electing an entirely new council majority in one cycle is so rare it borders on weird, but that’s exactly what will happen in the City of Good Living.
Expect contested races also in Menlo Park, where they are going to election-by-district for the first time, and in South San Francisco, where incumbent Liza Normandy announced she will not run again, as reported in Political Climate.
The San Mateo County Community College District went to district elections this year, and two incumbents, Rich Holober and Tom Mohr, are running against each other. As reported in Political Climate, Holober moved into the same district as Mohr, touching off this unusual incumbent-incumbent election.
Very few people pay any attention to the San Mateo County Harbor District, but a long-time Peninsula political figure, former Brisbane City Councilwoman Sepi Richardson, is running for a seat on the Harbor Commission, launching (sorry) a bit of a political comeback. By the way, Richardson also is getting married to Christopher J. Wood on August 8 at the San Francisco City Hall rotunda with former Mayor Willie Brown officiating.
Council races aside, six cities have some kind of revenue measure on the ballot, reflecting a belief among political experts that a November brings out a more liberal, Democratic and, therefore, generous, electorate.
Colma is proposing a new hotel tax and Belmont, San Carlos and South San Francisco want to increase theirs.
Four cities – Half Moon Bay, San Carlos (The City of Really Good Living), Redwood City and South San Francisco are proposing ways to wring money out of the marijuana industry. In Half Moon Bay, they’re proposing to license marijuana nurseries at existing greenhouses. San Carlos is proposing an excise tax, Redwood City a business tax and South City a business license tax.
And let’s not overlook the countywide transportation half-cent sales tax measure.
There could be more, as cities try to strike while the economy’s hot.
THE BIG ONE: The biggest race is going to be in Redwood City, where seven candidates are running for three seats and there’s only one incumbent, Diane Howard.
Redwood City is getting this level of attention not just because so many people are running in one of the county’s biggest cities.
The RWC election will be a measure of public sentiment toward the changes that have occurred there in the past 10 years, changes that raise issues at hand in every other city: housing costs, transportation, the growing presence of the tech industry and a changing community that is transitioning demographically and from suburban to urban.
The public discourse in Redwood City tends to be dominated by those who are most unhappy with how the community has changed, but a big noise can be deceiving.
In preparing the two ballot measures, the city commissioned polls in March and June of likely November voters, and they showed both the sales tax and a marijuana tax passing: 62 percent said they support the half-cent sales tax, 59 percent support the cannabis tax. Both measures need only a simple majority to pass.
But the poll also showed a high level of satisfaction among voters with the way things are going in Redwood City.
Asked if the city is going in the right or wrong direction, 54 percent said the city is right on track; 69 percent said they thought the overall quality of city services was excellent or good; 59 percent said they thought city staff does an excellent or good job managing the city budget.
That would fly in the face of the dominating rhetoric from the city’s critics.
And once again, it points out how much this November election is a venture into the unknown. Combining the local election with the statewide general election means that no one knows who will show up at the polls in these local city races, or how many of them will stick around long enough to vote on the races at the bottom of the ballot.
JASON’S QUEST: It’s not quite seeking the Golden Fleece, but Jason Galisatus did enter the Redwood City Council race today, taking out papers amid a dozen friends and supporters, including parents Cindy and Mike Galisatus, and partner Chris Sturken.
Galisatus thought about running, decided not to, and changed his mind after incumbent Jeff Gee decided not to seek reelection.
A Redwood City native and active in a range of civic organizations, Galisatus told Political Climate he was running “because I felt that what Redwood City needs right now are people who can plan effectively for our future while respecting what has made Redwood City such a good place for my sisters and me to grow up.”
Contact Mark Simon at mark.simon24@yahoo.com.
*The opinions expressed in this column are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect the views of Climate Online.
Barb Valley says:
Redwood City is proposing a business tax? Dis you mean a sales tax increase?
Mark Simon says:
Hi Barb — there is a general sales tax on the ballot, but also a business tax for cannabis-related businesses.
Nancy Reyering says:
Woodside has four of seven seats open, no incumbent running, no applicants for 2 open districts, and no woman stepping up. It’s not extremely surprising that the community is unaware or disinterested as the town does little to nothing to educate and inform residents about volunteer opportunities. This is especially remarkable given Portola Valley’s open, informative, and friendly outreach on all matters, including recently holding workshops for their own townspeople on how to run for office.
Sepi says:
I am delighted to read your article. As usual you are very informative and insightful. You are a man of integrity.
At the same time, I am disappointed that there has been very little media coverage on Harbor Disrict works and particularly for this election.
The Harbor District like other organizations, provide amazing and vital service in our County. Many hard working people in the fishing and recreation businesses depend their livilhoods on this District. The District has managed to hire great professional team to manage its functions.
Yet, one very dysfunctional member of the commission, who has teamed up with another member (a follower who believes he is a leader and is now running as a slate with another), have created havocs in the lives of the District, its progress, its staff and professional team, by their actions and their votes.
This election is one of the most important elections in the County. The future of this organization is truly dependent on the outcome of this election. If voters continue to do what they have been doing (voting for an incumbent and their selected slate), they deserve what they have been getting…a dysfunctional organization!
Two new and experienced leaders, Sepi Richardson and Henry Sutter, have stepped up in this race to save this District. Micro managing the operation, intimidating the staff, creating unreasonable legal expenses and misinforming the public would be a thing of the past.
What this District needs NOW is commissioners who are experienced, respectful, knowledgeable on policy making and finances, and possess ethical and caring leadership to turn around this organization.
If people do not vote for Sepi Richardson and Henry Sutter to turn around the organization, the District must be taken over by the County.
Therefore, the media needs to step up and inform the public not to be impressed by such titles as ‘incumbent/scientist/boater, etc.” NOW is the time to bring new Commissioners and stop its destruction. This is not the time for the public nor the media to stay disinterested and allow bleeding to continue.
Stand up with me Mark! Stand for excellence as you have always done! Thank you.
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Foul language is just lazy screenwriting, in movies and TV/streaming shows
Rocket, the genetically modified raccoon-turned-bounty hunter, with Baby Groot, his tree-like pal, in "Guardians of the Galaxy, Vol. 2." - photo by Chris Hicks
My parents never sat me down for a lecture on language. That is, they never told me I should be civil or that I should refrain from cursing. But they did set the example. They didnt curse so I didnt curse.
And, of course, back in those days, the 1950s and '60s, we never heard that kind of language on TV or at the movies.
My father was a blue-collar worker until he became a white-collar worker, but nothing much changed after that, except that he came home each evening in a coat and tie instead of blue jeans and a hard hat.
Even after he took that desk job, my dad was still Joe Average, a Southern California, middle-class, 8-to-5 workaday guy. He also kept his old blue-collar job on Saturdays to help make ends meet.
Like anyone else, hed become frustrated or angry from time to time, and though I might hear him mutter something unprintable if he hit his thumb with a hammer or if the car broke down on the freeway, I never heard him cuss a blue streak and I never, ever heard him use the F-word.
Of course, such language could not be completely avoided. I heard it on the few occasions when Dad took me with him to his part-time Saturday job, and once in a while I heard it at school.
As an adult, I heard the F-word and many others that cant be repeated here almost constantly during my first couple of years in the Army. And later, sporadically, at various places of employment.
But Ive tried all my life to be circumspect in my language.
Oh, and for what its worth, we were not Mormons. That came later for me and never for the rest of my family. Religion didnt play into it. Just civility.
So it was perhaps ironic that I started writing movie reviews for the Deseret News in the late 1970s, which was a period in movie history when harsh language was beginning to flourish.
Thanks to the movies I attended, I heard more cussing from theater stereo systems than most people hear in a lifetime.
But I never liked it. Its always seemed to me to be lazy screenwriting. Especially when used in excess.
As movies began to take on more adult content toward the end of the 1950s and into the 1960s, profanity was used sparingly to punctuate a dramatic moment. And it could be effective.
But now its used so much that its lost its punch. In fact, its a clich.
When the F-word is used hundreds of times in an R-rated picture, it becomes laughable. But at least those movies are aimed at adults.
Unfortunately, lots of other words from profanities to obscenities to sexual slang to scatological phrases to any number of vulgarities fill out the dialogue of PG-13 movies that a lot of impressionable minds will see. And, yes, most PG-13 movies also use the F-word at least once.
One current exception is Guardians of the Galaxy Vol 2. No F-words, but late in the film Rocket interprets for Baby Groot, saying that he cleaned up Groots language when one of his I am Groot utterances actually included the F-word.
Guardians 2 also has a lot of other vulgar language, especially in the first third or so, which is particularly irksome in a movie that kids will see, perhaps over and over.
Meanwhile, on television, network programs and cable shows are getting much worse in terms of language.
On network TV sitcoms, the current new words that writers are trying out are clinical, graphic or slang phrases for male and female anatomy.
My wife and I noticed this on a few network sitcoms we were trying out earlier this year and were surprised at how many times the same words were being used on different programs. As if they were holding auditions for these particular vulgarities.
Network programs are not as bad as cable shows, even basic cable shows, but it appears theyre slowly catching up.
When we were watching the FX channels Justified some years ago, we laughed at the usage of a common vulgar synonym for excrement because it was used over and over in every episode, as if the writers had just discovered it.
How many times can you use the same cuss word in a 45-minute episode before it just feels trite? These writers are like children with a new toy; lets see how fast we can wear it out.
Earlier this year five years after Justified wrapped we watched another FX show, the miniseries Feud, about Bette Davis and Joan Crawford, and were surprised to hear the F-word several times.
How long before that word is casually uttered on network programs?
More and more basic cable shows are starting to follow the HBO/Showtime template, throwing in gutter language along with graphic violence and sex and nudity as much as they can, just because they can.
Thats certainly true of made-for-streaming shows. Take Netflixs House of Cards or Hulus The Handmaids Tale or Amazon Primes Transparent or any number of others programs that could easily have come from HBO or Showtime.
No matter how well produced a show is, all of this content is just redundant.
Arent people a bit weary of it by now?
I know I am.
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CSTA and Code.org Announce the 2017 Champions for Computer Science
In celebration of the 2017 Computer Science Education Week (CSEdWeek), the Computer Science Teachers Association (CSTA) and Code.org are pleased to announce the inaugural Champions for Computer Science. From developing a wristband and app to help parents monitor their young children, to serving as a hub to expand computer science to rural communities statewide, these winners represent the students, teachers, schools, districts, and organizations on the forefront of the national computer science education movement.
One winning entry where over the last 3 years, students have created a total of 8 prosthetic hands and arms. They are currently developing a myoelectric arm for a local girl.
Selected from a pool of nearly 1,000 nominees, the winners will be presented with their awards at a special 2017 CSEdWeek kickoff event on December 4th featuring Peggy Johnson of Microsoft, Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook, and Susan Wojcicki of YouTube. Deborah Seehorn, Interim Executive Director of the CSTA says, “We are ecstatic to have such a tremendous response to the call for nominations. The selection committee had a difficult time choosing the winners from so many exemplary entries. These are people who are truly broadening participation in CS, advocating for CS, innovating, and making an impact in their community.”
“It is an honor to recognize the work these champions are doing in their local communities and to celebrate the achievements of the thousands like them around the country as part of this year’s CSEdWeek,” says Pat Yongpradit, Chief Academic Officer for Code.org. “We are all inspired by these champions.”
Follow along on Twitter and Facebook as we highlight each of these winners throughout CS Education Week.
In the Student category, the winners are:
Vidhi Srivastava from Redlands High School (Redlands, CA)
Crystal Reynaga and Angela Johana Garcia Pena from Florence Nightingale Middle School (Los Angeles, CA)
Shreya Shekhar from BASIS Independent Silicon Valley (San Jose, CA)
John Mason Branum from Katherine Hankins Middle School (Theodore, AL)
In the Teacher category, the winners are:
Diane Neville from Gulfstream Academy of Hallandale Beach (Hallandale Beach, FL)
Lawrence Ramos from Emerson Community Charter Middle School (Los Angeles, CA)
Heather Sutkowski from CREC Montessori Magnet School (Hartford, CT)
Efrain Lopez from J. W. Nixon High School (Laredo, TX)
In the Schools category, the winners are:
Eufaula High School (Eufaula, AL) — Math and Computer Science Teacher Alicia “Lee” Calton will accept the award
Arkansas School for Mathematics, Sciences and the Arts (Hot Springs, AR). Director Corey Alderdice will accept the award
Brenham High School (Brenham, TX) — Math and Computer Science Teacher Trenton Hall will accept the award
Anacapa Middle School (Ventura, CA) — Math and STEAM Teacher Kristie Steinlicht will accept the award
In the District category, the winner is:
San Francisco Unified School District (San Francisco, CA) — Computer Science Coordinator Bryan Twarek will accept the award
In the Organization category, the winners are:
South Bend Code School (South Bend, IN) — Co-Founder Alexandra Liggins will accept the award
Queen City Robotics Alliance (Charlotte, NC) — Executive Director Lia Schwinghammer will accept the award
About CSTA
CSTA, the Computer Science Teachers Association (www.csteachers.org), is a membership organization that supports and promotes the teaching of computer science and other computing disciplines at the K-12/pre university level. The Association for Computing Machinery founded CSTA as part of its commitment to K-12/pre university computer science education. CSTA provides opportunities for K–12 teachers and students to better understand the computing disciplines and to more successfully prepare themselves to teach and learn.
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This Aston Martin DB5 LEGO kit sneaks in many James Bond secrets
By Seamus Byrne 2018.07.26
Bond fans, LEGO has a dazzlingly slick new kit for you. The new 1964 Aston Martin DB5 isn’t just any LEGO replica.
This is a true James Bond production, a set that oozes the style, sophistication and, above all, the spy details you’ve been waiting for.
Part of the Creator range, that means it is all about solid replica detailing, so as car models go it’s well detailed, including a nicely detailed engine and interior.
But it’s the Bond detailing that really makes this kit special.
We’re talking concealable radar tracker in the centre console. We’re talking about a phone built into the door. And, yes, we’re talking machine guns, rotating number plates, and a WORKING ejector seat!
While this isn’t a big kit in the actual finished size – coming in at 3 inches (10cm) high, 13 inches (34cm) long and 4 inches (12cm) wide – this has enough intricacy that there’s a whopping 1,295 pieces in total.
The kit is available August 1, 2018, and is priced at US$149.95. A steal for serious Bond fans!
Check out the great video intro from the set designer who shows just how much love has gone into bringing this kit to life.
Cheating cricketers: only one way to restore our reputation fast
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Spiritual Healing with Jhene Aiko
By Jessy A July 12, 2020
Form looking for her path after being lost which was in her album “Trip”, to finding her healing and sharing it with people in her latest and recently released album “Chilombo”, Jhene Aiko is continuing to wow people with her new style and very unique way of sharing spiritual healing through her music.
She makes traveling and appreciating nature’s beauty a big part of her inspiration in making music. Having a newfound sense of her own personal power and confidence along with her visit to the homeplace of her great-great-grandmother, Chilombo, meaning “wild beast”, was cued from her full name which is Jhené Aiko Efuru Chilombo.
Image from her Instagram, @jheneaiko
“In a sense, I am like a volcano, and this album is an eruption. It starts with ‘Triggered’, and there’s a lava flow with all these songs where it’s a free-flowing jam session. And then it settled – and it became this beautiful land where there’s a new life.” – Jhene Aiko
thank you @crystalcadencela and @crystaltones for these beauties ✨💙 #modernmantra
A post shared by Jhené Aiko Efuru Chilombo (@jheneaiko) on Dec 14, 2019 at 5:33pm PST
On her Instagram page, she has been sharing sound baths for healing using singing bowls and other instruments even before she released her latest album. Upon release, she also shared with people the different chakras that her songs are targetting to heal. Here are some of them:
Lotus: A# – 6th chakra (third eye) especially the pineal and pituitary glands
Triggered: A – 6th chakra (third eye) and C – 1st chakra (root)
None of your concern: A – 6th chakra (third eye)
Speak: E – 3rd chakra (solar plexus)
B.S.: A# – 6th chakra (third eye) especially the pineal GLAND
Copyright © 2020 Daily Roosters
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STRANGLING MARKET RAISES HEALTHCARE COSTS
While Governor Cooper wants to grow welfare by spending $3-$6 billion of our money to give free healthcare to able-bodied adults who won’t work, working people who aren’t on Cooper’s radar and don’t get free stuff pay above average healthcare costs.
Look what the Charlotte Observer found out about high health care costs in North Carolina:
“For a CT scan with dye, the average cost nationally is $799. The North Carolina average is $1,016. In Charlotte, the average is $846, and in Raleigh, $583.
▪ For an MRI of the brain without dye, the average cost nationally is $786. The North Carolina average is $1,458. In Charlotte, the average is $1,330, and in Raleigh, $1,093.
▪ For an MRI of the lumbar spine without dye, the average cost nationally is $716. The North Carolina average is $1,218. The Charlotte average is $1,396, and Raleigh’s is $713.
▪ For an MRI of the cervical spine without dye, the average cost nationally is $715. The North Carolina average is $1,259. The Charlotte average is $1,323, and Raleigh’s is half that – $696.
▪ For a knee replacement, the average cost nationally is $35,543. North Carolina’s average, $40,602. Charlotte’s average was higher than either the national or state average, at $46,229.
▪ For vaginal childbirth and newborn care, the average cost nationally is $12,485. North Carolina’s average, $13,796. Charlotte’s average, $15,016.”
Why do we pay so much more? Because the NCDHHS bureaucracy and many politicians stifle medical competition.
For example, the Certificate of Need law blocks new entrants into medical services like imaging and allows incumbent providers to keep prices up.
Here’s more evidence of an anti-competitive healthcare market:
Carolina Journal reports on a study from George Mason University documenting our state’s low ranking on access to less costly healthcare options.
“A senior research fellow and health-care scholar at the Mercatus Center of George Mason University, Graboyes recently helped with a study showing North Carolina trails the national average in all four key telemedicine indicators — Medicaid reimbursement levels for telemedicine and telemonitoring; requirements imposed on ‘telepresenters’ — medical professionals who consult with or treat patients remotely; and whether the state allows online prescribing.
In fact, the Healthcare Openness and Access Project ranked North Carolina No. 43 among the states and District of Columbia for how open and accessible the state’s health care system is for patients and providers. The flexibility measure looked at multiple indicators in 10 subindexes from a free market perspective.
(See a larger version of the chart here.)
Overall, on a scale of 1-5, with one being worst, North Carolina had a score of 2.87. The national mean score was 3.17. In fact, the state ranked 24th or lower on six of the 10 categories”
Amazon keeps Walmart honest and vice versa. Competition is the American way.
Cooper cares about more handouts and more government power over us.
The reform majority should break down barriers to competition and lower health care costs for everyone.
© 2020 Carolina Partnership for Reform, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Alberta’s Booming Barley Industry
by Karen Miller | Mar 12, 2017 | 0 comments
Chocolate is classy, so are champagne and oysters, but barley? Most likely the only barley you grew up eating was in soup at grandma’s.
But now barley has come of age, especially in this province, and has become a culinary highlight for local chefs and distilleries. Throughout the province where the farm-to-table initiative is more than a trend, barley is picking up the slack. Popular on many menus, barley has a distinct flavour profile and is an ever-versatile grain.
And why not? It’s practically perfect, a complex carbohydrate full of a myriad of health benefits and grown right here in Alberta. Aside from being a nutritional powerhouse, it has a wonderful flavour and texture — nutty and rich. It also makes an excellent replacement for other grains, adding some substance to salads, and of course as part of the “let’s make risotto with anything else but rice” trend. Where have you been all my life, barley?
Barley is an ancient grain with uses dating back to ancient Israelite, Egyptian and Greek cultures. It has been used as currency and as a standard of measurement. While grown all over the world, it’s Canada’s fourth largest crop, with 90 per cent grown in western Canada. Our cool winters and dry prairie air provide optimal growing and storage conditions for resisting disease and maintaining quality standards. As a result, Canada, and specifically farmers in Alberta, have been at the forefront of research and development of barley production and innovation in farming.
This is partly because of the economic significance (Canada is the second largest malting barley and malt exporter in the world) and partly because of barley’s usefulness in food and beverages— mostly beer. Seriously, beer making is one of the first cottage industries known to man. Barley is harvested and then goes through the malting process. Grains are soaked so they sprout, spread out to dry and then heated, resulting in malt barley. Beer uses the malt barley, which is responsible for the colour, aroma and foam in our drinks.
Until recently, the only way to sell barley was through the Canadian Wheat Board, and malt barley used by brewers was obtained from malting companies in bulk. Eau Claire Distillery has set out to change this, and become a big part of the “branding” of Alberta-grown barley. The distillery considers their barley to be the best in the world, and it was a natural progression to create Alberta’s first single malt whisky. With a background in beer and a passion for traditional horse farming, the distiller uses Alberta barley in their premium spirits.
The barley is planted and harvested with teams of horses and Alberta cowboys (yee-haw!) on select acreages across the province; that allows for the nuances of the malt to be traced back to the land where the grain was grown, much like the notion of “terroir” is recognized in wine production. After that, the malt is further distilled to create the spirit. Not just unique to Alberta, Eau Claire Distillery is the only distillery in North America with its own horse farming operations. Being in control of the whole process, they have created the ultimate “farm to glass” experience with their craft spirits.
So what could be classier than sipping on the spirit of your choice made with Alberta barley based on traditions rooted in this province, this country, maybe even with a cowboy? I’m in for more barley in my food and drink!
Barley contains protein, soluble and insoluble fibres, healthy fatty acids, B vitamins, iron, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, zinc and antioxidants (great for immune and anti-inflammatory disorders). It does contain gluten, but is low on the glycemic index (the lowest of any grain). For an in-depth nutritional guide and outline of health benefits, visit whfoods.org
Cooking with Barley
Dehulled barley has the inedible outer layers removed. Pearl barley is steam processed (pearling) to remove the outer layers as well as some of the bran layer; processed but still containing fibre. Pot barley is also pearled, but most of the bran and germ layers remain. Both can be cooked very much like other grains and made into flakes or flour. For a great selection of recipes, visit GoBarley and the cookbook Go Barley: Modern Recipes for an Ancient Grain by Pat Ingrid and Linda Whitworth.
To taste the farm to glass experience, or participate in the annual spring planting this May, contact Eau Claire Distillery, 403-933-5408.
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Adrian Zmudzinski
QuadrigaCX Users Request Details on How EY Lost 103 Bitcoins
Creditors of now-defunct crypto exchange QuadrigaCX are requesting information concerning the recent loss of 103 Bitcoins during the funds' recovery.
Users of now-defunct Canadian cryptocurrency exchange QuadrigaCX are requesting further information concerning the recent loss of 103 Bitcoins (BTC) during the funds' recovery.
An unfortunate loss
As Cointelegraph reported in February, one of the Big Four accounting firms — EY (formerly branded as Ernst & Young) — was appointed by QuadrigaCX as an independent third party to monitor the proceedings in a creditor protection case.
Ey announced at the time that “Quadriga inadvertently transferred 103 Bitcoins valued at approximately $468,675 to Quadriga cold wallets, which the Company is currently unable to access.” Currently, the coins would be worth $1 million.
Industry news outlet Coindesk reported on Aug. 16 that — six months after the accident — the auditor has not yet given any insightful information concerning how the loss occurred.
According to the article, all the information disclosed came from the report released by EY in February, in which the company declares that the loss was caused by a platform setting error. QuadrigaCX creditor Ali Mousavi told the outlet:
“This sounds like gross negligence to us and many of us want to hold EY accountable for what happened. [...] Instead of giving us the details, they [struck] a deal with [law firm Miller Thomson] to keep the details confidential and [are] making it harder for us to hold EY accountable.”
Creditors want a different legal firm
Creditor Xitong Zou also said that “EY does not seem like they want to explain what happened when that’s the very least they could do” since “it was our money, after all.” He also claims:
“A lot of people want [Miller Thomson] replaced. [...] Although I don’t think that’s going to happen.”
EY has reportedly recovered about $25 million, with a judge awarding $1.6 million in fees and costs to all the firms involved in the case. The auditor also aims to raise another $9 million by selling assets of the exchange’s CEO.
As Cointelegraph reported in a dedicated follow-up piece, the crypto community has recently been actively discussing the fate of QuadrigaCX’s 30-year-old founder, Gerald Cotten, who reportedly died in India from a fatal disease in December 2018.
Recently, Cointelegraph also recounted the biggest alleged crypto heists.
Crypto Crime on the Rise — Good Odds of 2020 Becoming a Record-Breaker
History in the making as first private exchange launches on Binance Cloud
Indian crypto exchange CoinDCX raises $14M in its third round in 2020
Price analysis 12/21: BTC, ETH, XRP, LTC, BCH, LINK, ADA, DOT, BNB, XLM
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Home Forums News Downloads New Posts
⭐️DISCUSS COLDPLAY'S RUMOURED UPCOMING ALBUM!🪐
Coldplay: The Band. The Music.
A Head Full Of Dreams (2015)
The Butterfly Package - AHFOD Live Album/Movie
By MickCas, October 18, 2018 in A Head Full Of Dreams (2015)
mboy114 230
Videographer & Photographer
I know I was so annoyed that they ripped the exact audio of SJLT from Kaleidoscope EP (still a great EP), and just mixed into the album. Amazing Day would have been better for sure.
I FREAKING KNEW IT!!! I was listening to it and I was like "all these ambient sounds & the crowd sound familiar" then I listened to the one from the EP and I was pissed..... they didn't even put Birds on the album.
The Jordanator 758
Swim a river out to the sea
I know such a shame I don’t know if Love in Tokyo has Birds or not (does someone know?) otherwise just rip the audio of Birds off the Live in São Paulo film!
Nope. the Love in Tokyo doesn't even have it and honestly... I was thinking about editing the film and concert so it's like AHFOD Film, but it also has the concerts included in it.... you know what I mean?
Give it a shot and see how it is. Because if you never try you’ll never know ;)
Danny Boy 3
Up With The Birds
I bought the hi-res (24/96) FLAC versions of Live in Buenos Aires and Love in Tokyo (from Qobuz and Ototoy).
There is no fade between Charlie Brown and HFTW on the FLAC version, and no false start on Up&Up on Love in Tokyo.
I already ordered the Butterfly Package with the DVD. Now I wish I had just bought the movie in HD on iTunes.
Magic_2000 401
My heart beats at the beat of the drum
OMG the anticipation! Like I will get the butterfly package tomorrow but I'll probably only have time to watch the concert after I have done all the tests and college projects which will only be in two weeks. I didn't want to skip tracks but I want to hear Will's vocals so bad :sob:
Sooo about this, since I studied and worked on School projects all day I decided to take the night off to see Live in São Paulo. I got to admit the editing didn't brother me as much as I was expecting and got used to it pretty quick. It's a shame that it isn't in HD but either way the colors pop and overall the movie makes me want to go to a Coldplay concert so bad!
Now, the elephant in the room, or better (much better actually) the Will Champion...
[spoiler=Warning: fanboy rant incoming]OMG Will's vocals are INCREDIBLE! The long shots in UATW, the crowd singing togheter and the last note... Just wow :heart_eyes:I can only say THANK YOU Mat for capturing such an amazing moment so well it means a lot to me. Chris, you better let Will sing at my concert! It's your debt for not coming here this tour!
dxm3557 109
Is just me or the Live in São Paulo's A Head Full of Dreams track is identical to the one on Live in Buenos Aires?
I’ve just noticed on the Paradise music video that’s been put up on Spotify that at 5:12, a shot from the Midnight Interlude has been sneaked in, which you can tell by the forest silhouettes on the screen.
dssmansv 0
An interesting tidbit on the topic of fading.
CD1 ends with a fade-out of a guitar loop at the end of Charlie Brown; CD2 fades in with the piano outro for Charlie Brown, on the track for Hymn For the Weekend.
This is the case for the Spotify version as well, although the fades are obviously unnecessary for the non-physical versions. However on iTunes/Apple Music the track lengths indicate that Charlie Brown's piano outro is included on the track for Charlie Brown itself, so most likely the unnecessary fades have been removed for the "mastered for iTunes" version.
I'm not subscribed to Apple Music, nor did I purchase the album from iTunes, so I haven't been able to verify, but it would be nice if someone else could.
I imported the Live in Buenos Aires CDs into iTunes Match tonight. For the heck of it, I purchased Charlie Brown and Hymm For The Weekend on iTunes and replaced those two tracks from the CD version. They sync up just fine with the remaining tracks if you want to remove the fades (which I did). You may want to renumber the remaining tracks since the CD imports as 1 of 2 and 2 of 2 with individual CD tracks.
dmm 2
Also noted São Paulo movie seems out of sync with sound in several places. Would explain it
coldplaykb 1492
The beat from my heart
Glad I wasn't the only one who noticed this.
I thought maybe it was just because I was watching with surround sound so the sound was a little bit delayed, but the whole entire thing seemed out of sync.
That being said I'll give my quick thoughts on the live DVD. Overall I thought it was a great way to relive the era, but I did have a few issues with it.
One obviously being the quality. This would look so amazing released in 4K but even 1080p would be better than the DVD quality we have. Secondly I felt the overall editing was a bit too much. I think sometimes less is better and I would honestly just prefer a full concert filmed as is with no effects. Also switching back and forth between the older film style was a bit odd and no offense to the crowd, but I felt there were way too many crowd shots. I think showing the crowd in full with the Xylobands is great but showing close-ups so many times was a bit overkill.
Again overall it was definitely enjoyable, but these were just some things I was thinking about while watching it. Honestly if I had to pick between sitting down and watching this or Glastonbury 2016 again, I would watch Glastonbury. I just like the realness of it. I get for the DVD you want to really spice it up and display what the show is like, but I think Coldplay's shows always speaks for themselves. You really don't need to do much more to it besides film it.
lucas_c_m 2
Two days after the release, the show recorded in Brazil is not available in Brazil. Not even on iTunes BR.
merril 502
You're a Sky Full of Stars
I felt there were way too many crowd shots. I think showing the crowd in full with the Xylobands is great but showing close-ups so many times was a bit overkill.
I thought exactly the same. I would have loved more close-ups of the Coldplay members while playing instead of all those crowd shots. The idea behind showing how much the crowd enjoyed the music is of course to show how good Coldplay is in life concerts. But the crowd knew they were part of a film and so they sometimes overacted a bit. I think on the whole Coldplay have their greatest admirers in South America.
I figured out why the real SJLT - Live in Buenos Airies was not actually used. I watched a YouTube clip of the performed song on someone’s camera and at first you can tell the obvious differences between the live album version and the actual performance. At the songs bridge, Chris’s microphone suddenly feeds back and makes a reverberating screech which although was short, was enough to ruin the whole recording of the song. The only other recording was the one for Love in Tokyo which of course was used also on Kaleidoscope EP. So that’s what they ended up using because the microphone feedback ruined the actual recording at Buneos Airies. I bet someone was fired for that :joy:
Damn... that explains it hahahahaha lets hope that it was because Chris' mic was too close to something and not an actual person who caused it to get ruined... I'd tell them to play it again :joy::joy::joy:
battmatth 25
It could be interesting to listen the audio of SJLT on the Sao Paulo DVD. I hope it's the origninal recording and not the tokyo remix again!
ZBYCH 0
Livin' life in Technicolor
Anyone compared the Love Tokyo tracks, are they actuall Tokyo or is it just a marketing to sell Buenos in Japan ;)
freiburg1987 23
I watched the Itunes version Live in Sao Paulo. It definitely is the original recording. I like it alot :heart_eyes::heart_eyes:
dyl_73 0
Anyone found a downloadable copy for the Sao Paulo video? My physical copy still hasn't arrived - not happy
Mine might arrive by the end of January... =/
No still looking :( the iTunes version does look way better than the DVD though. Hopefully a link pops up soon.
jossec 125
That mic feedback happened on the first of two nights in Buenos Aires; the live release is supposedly from the second night. Even if it were a problem, there are plenty of other performances to use. The band have a multi-track recording of each concert. The Tokyo Remix from Kaleidoscope EP wasn't even recorded
To me it just strikes as laziness. Makes me wonder where else they've cut corners. Like how different are the tracks which are on both Live in Buenos Aires and Love in Tokyo? Sure there's different vocal takes here and there, but overall they sound very similar. I'm too lazy to do a full analysis, but I can find examples where I'm fairly confident that the vocals have been reused. I wouldn't be surprised if the instrumentals are exact copies.
I'm sure most fans won't notice or care, but this is a disappointing release to me for multiple reasons, and this is one of them. Anyway, sorry for the negativity, luckily there are other things to listen to!
I'm ok with your point of view.
And I think I will prefer the audio tracks of the Sao Paulo gig if there is less cheating with the vocals.
As soon as I'll get a physical copy, I will extract a lossless version of the tracks with DVD Audio Extractor.
ToniMoreno 74
Has the DVD some extra??
The_Blue_Room 239
In a bulletproof vest
Listening to Up&Up from Love in Tokyo and hear some heavy autotune on Chris, too bad. Couldn't really notice it on the rest of the album though, which is a plus. Haven't listened to Buenos Aires yet, are any of the tracks on Tokyo the same as the double-disc?
Coldplay Songs Not On Spotify
By Doomotron
Coldplay LP9 Rumours - FFTF 2024 | Music of the Spheres
By DJK
[18-09-2020] Coldplay perform LIVE @ iHeartRadio Music Festival 2020
By Gideon_Mx
بنی آدم (Bani Adam) - Sunset
By Coeurli
Coldplay live SHN-FLAC
By claxson
Coldplaying Dark
Coldplaying 2020 (Default)
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S.C. State Athletics
Clemson Men's Basketball
USC Men's Basketball
USC Women
Clemson Football
USC Football
Jordan Harris Jay Jay Chandler Savion Flagg John Walker Nicolas Claxton TJ Starks Wendell Mitchell Christian Mekowulu Sports Men's college basketball College basketball Basketball College sports Men's basketball Men's sports
Georgetown SEC Texas A&M Georgia
Starks and Chandler help lift Aggies over Georgia 73-56
By KRISTIE RIEKEN - Feb. 12, 2019 10:06 PM EST
COLLEGE STATION, Texas (AP) — When the Texas A&M Aggies were struggling through a stretch where they dropped six of seven games, coach Billy Kennedy maintained the same upbeat and optimistic attitude with his team.
That, his players say, is what helped them get on track and win their last two games, capped by Tuesday night's 73-56 victory over Georgia.
"Coach Kennedy is always positive," Jay Jay Chandler said. "No matter how many losses we have he's always positive. We just follow him. He comes in with the same attitude of getting better."
TJ Starks had 19 points and Chandler added 18 to help Texas A&M roll to the win.
It's the fifth straight loss overall for Georgia (10-14, 1-10 Southeastern Conference) and the team's ninth straight conference defeat.
Georgia coach Tom Crean shared what he spoke to his players about as their skid continued.
"You've got to keep believing in each other and that's hard," he said. "You have to identify where you can get better and you have to have your teammates get better and that's hard to do in this day and age. That's the most important thing. It all comes down to your level of desire to improve. Those are the most important aspects."
The Aggies (10-13, 3-8), who won at Missouri on Saturday to snap a three-game skid, got their first home SEC win by downing the Bulldogs and won consecutive games for the first time since December.
"Finally getting a conference win at home is big," Chandler said. "It brings a lot of momentum."
The Bulldogs cut the lead to eight after three free throws by Jordan Harris early in the second half. But Texas A&M scored the next six points, with three each from Christian Mekowulu and Wendell Mitchell, to make it 40-26 with about 16 minutes remaining.
Nicolas Claxton ended the run with a 3-point play for Georgia, but the Aggies added seven quick points after that to push the lead to 47-29. John Walker had a dunk in that stretch before a steal and a dunk by Starks and a 3 by Chandler.
"We had good poise," Kennedy said. "They had to press and take some chances and we moved the ball better than we have been."
Georgia was led by Claxton, who had 18 points and 10 rebounds, and Harris added 10 points.
Mekowulu had 15 points and a career-high 15 rebounds for the Aggies. Crean raved about his performance.
"He played fantastic," Crean said. "He played with great force. If he plays like that they'll get better all the time."
The Aggies were still up by 18 with about seven minutes left before Claxton scored the first five points of a 7-2 run that cut the lead to 61-48. But Texas A&M used a 4-1 spurt, with a jump shot by Starks, after that to push the lead to 65-49 with about four minutes left and cruise to the victory.
Georgia shot just 35.3 percent overall, but really struggled from long range, making 3 of 23 shots.
Georgia: The Bulldogs haven't won since a non-conference victory over Texas on Jan. 26 and could see their conference losing streak stretch to double digits with a visit from No. 19 LSU coming up on Saturday.
Texas A&M: The Aggies handled business on Tuesday night against a struggling team, but will need to play better if they hope to keep their winning streak going.
Kennedy was impressed with the game by Starks, who also had three assists and four steals with just one turnover: "That's one of the most efficient games he's played and one of the best stat lines he's had since he's been here."
BENCH POWER
The Aggies got a big boost from their bench, which outscored Georgia's reserves 39-10, led by Starks and Chandler. The solid play of the bench came on a night when leading scorer Mitchell finished with just nine points and third-leading scorer Savion Flagg had only seven.
Georgia: Hosts No. 19 LSU on Saturday.
Texas A&M: Visits South Carolina on Saturday.
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OPEC Reaches Agreement
Rodent November 30, 2017 in Oil (General)
OPEC has reportedly reached an agreement to extend production cut to end-2018. Not sure yet whether libya/nigeria will be included. NOPEC/OPEC meeting is still in progress.
Kate Turlington + 44
They're talking about 1.8 million bpd for Nigeria and 1 million bpd for Libya, but they're only calling these 'soft targets'. More like guidance because it doesn't look like these numbers will be in the final agreement. Technically, both countries will still get to keep their exemption.
Meanwhile + 49
Those two countries can't afford major cut. They would probably face financial collapse
JohnAtronis + 77
Even if they are included in the deal, it doesn’t mean much. Iraq never fully complied with its share of the cuts and has been the biggest cheater on this deal. I wonder who is going to control the production in Libya and Nigeria. Does anyone really knows who owns oilfields in Libya. It seems to me that it is changing daily
Seleskya + 50
Libya is still wondering itself who controls its oilfields--and that can change on a weekly basis. Control of the country's oil is still a very uncertain thing. They did manage to get production up to over 1 million bpd this summer for the first time since 2013. Now they're gunning for 1.25 million bpd for year-end. If there is a 'soft-target' cap of 1 million bpd for Libyan production, it's not going to hurt them regardless because hitting 1.25 million bpd will be challenging anyway.
Apparently Libya and Nigeria have agreed to not exceed 2017 levels in 2018, according to OPEC communication seen by Reuters.
The OPEC meeting is over and the deal is done. Journalists at the meet are all over Twitter. No surprises, but note the review in June so they can get out of the extension early. Markets might not like this.
Guest Black Hole
Oil is certainly reacting negatively... but with all the hype beforehand it would have taken a lot to move oil prices upwards.
1 hour ago, J Owens said:
I think they really tried this time to manage expectations, but it wasn't as successful as I think they had hoped. It's like preparing your kid for Christmas. It's got to be bigger and better than last year. Otherwise, it will forever be remembered as "The Christmas That Wasn't As Good As Last Year." The takeaway for OPEC should be to start small so you can always go bigger to meet expanding expectations.
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Automatic data-processing equipment of moon mark of nail for verifying some experiential theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Niu, Renjie* | Fu, Chenyu | Xu, Zhiyong | Huang, Jianyuan
Affiliations: The Institute of Optics and Electronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Renjie Niu, The Institute of Optics and Electronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lab 5, Guangdian Road, Shuang Liu, Chengdu 610209, Sichuan, China. Tel.: +86 13568907690; Fax: +86 028 85100966; E-mail:[email protected]
Keywords: Moon mark, Traditional Chinese Medicine, real time tracking
Doctors who practice Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnose using four methods - inspection, auscultation and olfaction, interrogation, and pulse feeling/palpation. The shape and shape changes of the moon marks on the nails are an important indication when judging the patient's health. There are a series of classical and experimental theories about moon marks in TCM, which does not have support from statistical data.
To verify some experiential theories on moon mark in TCM by automatic data-processing equipment.
This paper proposes the equipment that utilizes image processing technology to collect moon mark data of different target groups conveniently and quickly, building a database that combines this information with that gathered from the health and mental status questionnaire in each test.
This equipment has a simple design, a low cost, and an optimized algorithm. The practice has been proven to quickly complete automatic acquisition and preservation of key data about moon marks.
In the future, some conclusions will likely be obtained from these data; some changes of moon marks related to a special pathological change will be established with statistical methods.
Shi Yonggang, and Karl W.C., Real-time tracking using level sets, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2005. CVPR 2005. IEEE Computer Society Conference, vol. 2. p. 34-41.
Wang Yongyan, , Liu Baoyan, and Xie Yanming, Establishing appraisal mechanism of clinic studies in Traditional Chinese Medicine with proofing Medicine Methodology, Chinese Journal of basic Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2003. vol. 9. NO. 3. p. 17-24.
Luo man, The spread of western medicine in china and collision between western medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medicine and Philosophy, 2009. vol. 30. NO. 7. p. 60-63.
Ding jianguo, The potential logical conflicts between the Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medicine and Philosophy, 2009. vol. 30. NO. 4. p. 66-67.
Zhong chaozhong, View Western Medicine through Chinese Medicine, Medicine and Philosophy, 2010. vol. 31. NO. 5. p. 53-55.
Isard M., and Blake A., ICONDENSATION: Unifying low level and high-level tracking in a stochastic framework, Proc. ECCV. 1998. P. 767-781.
Comaniciu D., , Ramesh V., , and Meer P., Kernel-based object tracking, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. May 2003, vol. 25, no. 5, p. 564-577.
Osher S., and Sethian J., Fronts propagation with curvature dependent speed: algorithms based on Hamilton-Jacobi formulations, Journal of computational physics, 1988, vol. 79, p. 12-49.
Bertalmio M., , Sapiro G., , and Randall G., Morphing activecontours: A geometric approach to topology-independent image segmentation and tracking, 1998, p. 318-322.
Besson S., , Barlaud M., , and Aubert G., Detection and tracking of moving objects using a new level set based method, Proc. ICPR, Sept 2000, vol. 3, p. 1100-1105.
Canny John. A Computational Approach to Edge Detection, IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, November 1986, vol. pami-8, NO. 6.
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Archive off-payroll - ContractingWISE
What Can Contractors Expect from the March Budget 2021?
By Super Admin | News | No Comments
Chancellor Rishi Sunak will deliver the first Budget of the year on March 3rd. Given the fragile state of the economy, and the fact that the pandemic is far from over, there’s been some speculation that it might be delayed yet again.…
Morale Plummets as Recession Hits Contracting Sector
By Super Admin | COVID-19, News | No Comments
The UK officially entered recession last week after two consecutive quarters of economic decline. With much focus on the ensuing jobs crisis as one in three firms plans to make redundancies by October, figures from the latest IPSE confidence index show that the contracting sector has also succumbed to a significant slump.…
IR35: Understanding the Status Determination Statement
By Super Admin | IR35, News | No Comments
In light of reforms to the off-payroll rules coming into force in both the public and private sectors from April 2021, the end client will be obliged to provide the contractor with an official Status Determination Statement (SDS). The statement must confirm whether an engagement is inside or outside of IR35 and provide an explanation for this decision.…
Government Responds to Off-payroll Report Amidst Evidence of Foul Play
The Treasury have published their response to the House of Lords Finance Bill Sub-Committee’s report on Off-Payroll working. For many, the response will come as a disappointing yet unsurprising rehash of worn-out rhetoric. While some of the issues highlighted by the Lords are acknowledged with vague promises, the response offers no concrete solution on fundamental issues such as CEST, blanket ruling and worker’s rights.…
IR35 Tabled for 2021 as Amendment Falls Flat
By Super Admin | Articles, IR35, News | No Comments
IR35 reform is set to be extended to the private sector in 2021 after a tabled amendment to the 2019-21 Finance Bill failed to gain the support of the Labour Party. The amendment, tabled by conservative MP David Davis, proposed that the private sector rollout be postponed until the tax year 2023-24.…
House of Lords Report Calls for IR35 Reform
The House of Lords Finance Bill Sub-Committee’s report on Off-payroll working was published on Monday 27th April. Launched at the beginning of February, the Lords investigation took a wider line of inquiry than the Treasury’s official IR35 review. During many hearings, the committee heard damning evidence of the widespread damage that the reforms have caused, with committee members often expressing disbelief at the legislation’s inherent flaws and unfairness.…
Companies Reverse Blanket Policies Following IR35 Delay
By Super Admin | Articles, Finance, IR35 | No Comments
Many of the companies who adopted blanket IR35 policies that forced contractors out of their limited companies and onto the payroll are reversing their decisions. The U-turn came after news that the government would be delaying the reforms until April 2021 in order to help businesses and contractors cope with the impact of coronavirus.…
HMRC Publish Secondary Draft Legislation In Midst of IR35 Review
Concerns were raised as HMRC published draft secondary legislation of the off-payroll rules for technical comment on 22 January. The release of the draft legislation has occurred before the completion of the government’s review of the IR35 rule changes. This has lead many to believe that the review won’t make any meaningful amends.…
Off-Payroll Review Launches to Criticism
By Super Admin | IR35 | No Comments
The government announced the official launch of its Off-Payroll Review on January 7th. The review follows the pre-election pledge made by Chancellor Javid in an interview with BBC’s Money Box on November 30th 2019. Although the announcement makes good on the government’s promise to address public concerns regarding this legislation, it has already received criticism from independent bodies representing the contracting sector.…
Contractors Must Act Before February Budget
By Super Admin | Finance, IR35 | No Comments
Although the Conservatives were somewhat reluctant to join the other political parties in promising an IR35 review, their win will at least remove some of the uncertainty surrounding the off-payroll reforms for contractors in April next year. The landslide vote looks likely to bolster the party’s belief in its own policies, and with the new legislation ready to go, it’s unlikely that a review will bring about major changes.…
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The Definitives
Re(focused)views
Examining misunderstood and underrated films
3.5 Stars☆☆☆☆
Review by Brian Eggert March 23, 2014
Gene Hackman, Danny DeVito, Delroy Lindo, Rebecca Pigeon, Sam Rockwell, Ricky Jay, Patti Lupone
David Mamet embraces a classical and, as some have argued, commonplace subgenre in Heist, a twisting caper about a professional thief carrying out the proverbial “one last job”. Hollywood has explored these plot blueprints in countless films ranging from the probing masterworks of Michael Mann (Thief, Heat) to the rompish entertainment value of Steven Soderbergh’s Oceans trilogy. Today the formula has all but lost its potency, though Heist remains an exception as both complex and decidedly fun storytelling. In his 2001 film, Mamet underscores the subgenre’s appeal but by reinventing it, as the writer-director often does; for example, he deepened the cop drama in Homicide (1991) and reformatted the martial arts competition movie in Redbelt (2008). Rather, with a cast of unrivaled powerhouse actors at his disposal, Mamet remains true to prototypical “heist movie” outlines, delivering a cleverly constructed and wonderfully acted yarn in which his brand of acerbic, dialogue-driven scenes reinforce why these stories are told again and again.
Although his films are generally well received, Heist met with critical resistance for Mamet’s outward devotion to the otherwise commonplace “one last job” setup. Some critics refused to see beyond Mamet’s choice of material, focusing on his story mechanics over the subtlety of his characters or the sheer pleasure of his dialogue. Several critics complained that his approach lacked technical finesse. Variety critic David Rooney argued, “The gold heist itself and some late-reel gunplay could have benefited enormously from more stylish handling.” Rooney seems to have expected an Alfred Hitchcock or Brian De Palma picture and must’ve forgotten Mamet’s films are more about dialogue and intricate characters than elaborate camerawork. Steven Rosen at The Denver Post called the film “generic” and Mike Clark in USA Today deemed it “mellow cable material.” Even those who praised the film did so mildly, with remarks like “not memorable Mamet” and “a whiff of disappointment” staining otherwise positive reviews. A rare few recognized what Mamet was going for was not something entirely new, but instead an homage to classic crime tales.
Our first indication of this comes before the opening credits with the black-and-white Warner Bros. logo, done up to recall the silvery logo of Golden Age gangster movies and film noirs. From here we meet Mamet’s cast of characters, a deceptively simple lot of tropes headed by Joe Moore (Gene Hackman), a career thief. Joe’s crew consists of his most trusted partner Bobby Blane (Delroy Lindo), the lesser Pinky Pincus (Ricky Jay), and Joe’s wife Fran (Rebecca Pigeon), an evident femme fatale. After a slickly conceived jewel heist goes wrong in the first sequence, resulting in Joe’s face on a security camera tape, Joe’s crew is pressured into carrying out their next job, as it’s already been “financialized” by their crooked fence, Mickey Bergman (Danny DeVito, in a role that would’ve been played by anyone from Edward G. Robinson to Peter Lorre to Humphrey Bogart). Everyone except Bobby seems to think Joe is slipping, and to ensure Joe doesn’t skip town to evade the heat in an early retirement, Bergman assigns his lackey Jimmy Silk (Sam Rockwell) to the crew for their next job, which involves lifting Swiss gold bars from an airport tarmac.
With names like Pinky, Mickey, and Jimmy Silk, Mamet’s film carries an air of noirish classicism, as if we’ve been transported into the seedy worlds of John Huston’s Asphalt Jungle (1950) and Stanley Kubrick’s The Killing (1956). Accordingly, many of Heist’s pleasures come from watching Joe and company plan the henceforth named “Swiss job” on their respective clipboards, rigging explosives and talking about rental vans and so forth, none of which we understand until the actual heist unfolds before us. Joe insists on backup plans upon backup plans, inciting Jimmy Silk to ask why something should go wrong with the supposed perfectly conceived plan. Joe responds coolly, “Y’ever cheat on a woman? …When you called her up, d’you have an excuse? …What if she didn’t ask? …What was your alibi, a waste of time?” But no backup plan is a waste of time in Heist, as the double-crosses keep coming in the film’s second half. Jimmy Silk, inevitably, backstabs Joe for the gold and Fran, who, sent by Joe on a Mata Hari mission for information, falls for her mark in the process.
The action leads to a concluding dockside shootout of incredible simplicity and intentional minimalism. Joe, who seems to have resisted guns throughout his career, squares off against Mickey and his goons. Once gunfire erupts, cinematographer Robert Elswit keeps his distance and limits camera movements. Elswit—an Oscar winner whose sometimes flashy lensing has enhanced the films of P.T. Anderson and elaborate heist movies like The Town and Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol—restrains himself under Mamet’s direction, which always approaches characters and scenes with the blunt truth of the situation. These are not skilled gunfighters; rather, as Roger Ebert pointed out, “this is arguably the first gunfight of their lives.” Watch Mickey as he’s taken aback by the shooting; he barks ”Let’s talk this over!” to everyone there. But talk has played itself out. Joe has had enough. Mickey, bloodied and facing a shotgun barrel, asks, “Don’t you want to hear my last words?” Joe’s response is as unemotional as his reaction to his wife abandoning him. “I just did,” he says, and then pulls the trigger.
It’s possible to watch Heist and ignore all else but the intricacy and flavor of the dialogue. Consider the running allusion to their score as “cute”. For instance, someone says “Cute plan” and Pinky responds “Cute as a pail full of kittens” or Joe replies “Cute as a Chinese baby.” Joe’s crew uses even more colorful imagery to describe their leader; at one point, Pinky says, “My motherfucker’s so cool, when he goes to sleep, sheep count him.” To be sure, Joe earns his reputation by speaking simply, plainly, modestly. When asked how he conceived an ingenious idea, Joe’s response is: “I tried to imagine a fella smarter than myself. Then I tried to think, ‘What would he do?’” The villains’ dialogue is just as juicy: Jimmy Silk promises to be “as quiet as an ant pissing on cotton” and Mickey, in Heist’s most memorable line, shouts, “Everybody needs money. That’s why they call it money!” The characters speak to one another in a kind of shorthand, and the viewer imagines if any covert police operation had a wire in the room they would be listening to conversations so well guarded by Joe’s crew that deciphering any meaning from them would be impossible. Exchanges about “the thing” and “the job” and “the deal” avoid citing specifics and use a minimum of words in an almost inconceivable number of ways.
None of this dialogue would have been believable had Mamet not cast such incredible actors to perform them. Hackman, 71 at the time, looks more than ten years younger and brings an absolute authority to his role, rendering Mamet’s rhythmic, staccato, pointedly unnatural dialogue in a wonderfully natural way. And while Hackman commands the screen with his presence—built up from dozens of cop, crook, P.I., and military roles over the years—performers like DeVito and Rockwell ornament him well. DeVito is both menacing and hilarious as Mickey, the actor’s small stature and spoken veracity as a dangerous crime boss make for an interesting juxtaposition. Rockwell always excels at playing seedy characters, but rarely has he uttered such pulpy dialogue (“Your guy went out, got his picture on a postage stamp. He got old.”). Most significant though are the quieter moments of “honor among thieves” between Hackman and Lindo, where the actors, unable to speak emotionally by design, must communicate that their characters understand, respect, and remain loyal to one another in a way that transcends what Mamet has written. After their scenes together at the end, Hackman and Lindo transform Heist into a showcase about professionals who take great pride in a job well done.
Despite pulpy dialogue worthy of Raymond Chandler and enough twists to keep any viewer guessing, Heist was undervalued upon its release in 2001, a year in which several caper movies debuted (Swordfish, The Score, Bandits, and Ocean’s 11) and each contained the same elements, just in a different configuration. But Mamet’s film is more than psychological fake-outs and a maze-of-a-plot, more than heist movie clichés and unpredictable turns stretched to a wonderful degree of implausibility, more than just a cast of familiar and notable faces. The writer-director uses his ensemble to inform his characters, and his dialogue to give his actors depth and personality; he restrains the action to maintain focus on the situation, instead of violence; and he avoids technical flashiness, because this would distract from the film’s exceedingly clever mischief, incendiary wordplay, and otherwise simple pleasures therein. Heist is all of these things, while also embracing the traditions of its subgenre in film. When so few heist movies occupy but cannot overcome the subgenre’s blueprint, Mamet’s Heist remains as singular as its title.
House of Games (1987)
State and Main (2000)
Our Friend 3 Stars☆☆☆
Ammonite 3 Stars☆☆☆
News of the World 3 Stars☆☆☆
Patreon Exclusive: Minari 3.5 Stars☆☆☆☆
Promising Young Woman 3 Stars☆☆☆
Greenland 3 Stars☆☆☆
Patreon Exclusive: Wonder Boys 4 Stars☆☆☆☆
The Wolf of Snow Hollow 3.5 Stars☆☆☆☆
Shadow in the Cloud 2 Stars☆☆
Sound of Metal 3.5 Stars☆☆☆☆
Sylvie's Love 3.5 Stars☆☆☆☆
Soul 4 Stars☆☆☆☆
Wonder Woman 1984 2 Stars☆☆
Top 10 Films of 2020
The Definitives: Amour
Reader's Choice: Mirage
Reader's Choice: The Great Escape
Andrey Zvyagintsev Retrospective
The Definitives: Black Narcissus
The Definitives: North by Northwest
Reader's Choice: Night of the Creeps
The Definitives: Ganja & Hess
Re(focused)views: The Fearless Vampire Killers, or Pardon Me, But Your Teeth Are in My Neck
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On Moviegoing
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849 West Boylston Street
DelSignore Electrical Contractors is a full service electrical systems contractor.
DelSignore Electrical Contractors, Inc. has been providing commercial electrical, fire alarm, network and fiber optic cabling and access control installations to customers for over 15 years. During this time, we have earned a reputation as a responsive, dedicated and progressive electrical and low voltage contractor who consistently listens to and works with customers to design, install, and consistently deliver projects on time and within budget.
As a full service, commercial electrical contractor DelSignore is committed to providing responsive assessments, quality service and timely detailed proposals. This philosophy has allowed us to develop and build long term relationships with customers and earn their trust. We routinely collaborate with customers to develop a proactive, hands-on management approach that includes value engineering ideas, state of the art solutions, and labor efficiencies such as material prefabrication.
DelSignore’s experience includes colleges and universities, data centers, manufacturing, and LED lighting upgrades. We employ skilled and talented electricians and technicians, and complete every project per the latest codes and standards. We utilize cutting edge and dependable products for all electrical and low voltage installations.
Our commitment to understanding customer needs, our sensitivity to financial budgets, and our experience has enabled us to create lasting relationships that go back to our company’s inception.
DelSignore has always been committed to providing our customers and our community with exemplary service. We have always been focused on the local community and consistently try to make a positive impact on the Central Massachusetts community by contributing to local causes and by employing local residents. The success and legacy of DelSignore Electrical Contractors, Inc. depends on these principles.
Joe St. Pierre
Joe St. Pierre has spent the past 30 years working in all facets of the Electrical Contracting Business.
More About Joe St. Pierre
He has worked as a Buyer, Estimator, Project Manager, Senior Project Manager and is now the Managing Partner and a Principal at DelSignore Electrical Contractors, Inc. During his 30 years in this industry Joe has spent over 6o percent of his career specializing in the conceptual development, planning and managing the installation of all types of low voltage systems. During his tenure, he has seen Network Cabling evolve from (10MB) 10 Base 2 Thinwire coaxial to today’s (10Gbps) augmented category 6A. Joe is a BICSI RCDD which shows he has demonstrated the ability to design, integrate and implement ICT and related infrastructure components across multiple disciplines and applications.
Joe Genese
Joe Genese has spent the past 29 years working in all facets of the Electrical Contracting Business.
More About Joe Genese
He has worked as an Electrical Apprentice, Journeyman Electrician, Electrical Foreman, and Project Foreman and is now the Director of Field Operations and a Principal at DelSignore Electrical Contractors, Inc. During his 29 years in this industry Joe has installed, directed and managed the installation of electrical work in residential, commercial, industrial, biomedical, silicon chip manufacturing, clean room, medical and education environments. He has a wealth of experience working in and directing installations in lighting retrofit, generator installations, fire alarm, data centers, building automation, security, fiber optics, electrical maintenance and access control. Joe has a Massachusetts’ Master Electrical License, a Massachusetts S License a Connecticut Unlimited Electrical Contractor license and a RI journeyman license.
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We pride ourselves on listening to our customers’ needs, creating value for our customers through our technical innovation and our reliable performance. The strength of our company comes from our experienced employees. We have a track record of consistent performance from planning, through project completion. These four pillars serve as the foundation on which DelSignore Electrical Contractors, Inc. is built.
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Posted on June 28, 2018 by Daniel Tutt
The Missed Encounter Between Critical Theory And American Pragmatism
My latest essay at The New Polis where I am a Contributing Editor.
The German Frankfurt School theorist and philosopher Max Horkheimer’s Eclipse of Reason (1947) presents one of the most thorough and far-ranging critiques of American philosophy and of American thought ever written. But within months of the publication of this book its scathing critique would effectively terminate the spread of the Frankfurt School in American academic institutions.
It would take some two to three decades for the powerful ideas of critical theory invented by the Frankfurt School during the immediate postwar period, to reach American academic life.
Today, American pragmatist thought has turned to critical theory, fusing together a particular form of pragmatist critical theory. Yet Horkheimer’s early critique of pragmatism remains prescient today, as pragmatist thought has “domesticated” much of the original potency of Frankfurt School critical theory.
James Schmidt documents the reception American philosophers gave to the Eclipse of Reason in his essay, The Eclipse of Reason and the End of the Frankfurt School in America, where he notes that the book effectively banned Horkheimer’s ideas from spreading within American philosophy circles. Schmidt’s essay reveals an American philosophical establishment that was stubborn, idiosyncratic and defensive to criticism of its particular approach to philosophy.
A Form of Thinking Adjusted to Exploitation and the Status Quo
What was it about Horkheimer’s critique of American thought and American philosophy in particular that proved so intolerable to the American philosophical establishment? Attacking American philosophy head on, the great European Marxist saw in American philosophy a form of thinking that refused speculative thought and that presented a form of reason adjusted to exploitation of the status quo. The confluence of American philosophy produced a most insidious form of idealism.
The culprits of this mélange of pragmatist-oriented thinking were born from the confluence of Margaret Mead’s anthropology, John Dewey’s Hegelian pragmatism, a wider embrace of Darwinist naturalism, and a political theology guided by “neo-Thomism.” American philosophy had produced, according to Horkheimer, an “attitude of consciousness that adjusts itself without reservation to the alienation between subject and object out of fear that it may otherwise fall into irresponsibility, arbitrariness, and become a mere game of ideas..”
In a similar vein to Adorno’s critique of Heidegger and the effect of Heidegger’s thinking on philosophy in Jargon of Authenticity, American philosophy with its neo-Thomist and pragmatist orientation put forward a philosophical monism that abandoned dialectical thinking. American philosophy effectively produced a form of what Horkheimer and Adorno call ‘subjective reason’, which is to say that American pragmatist thought, which emphasized experience, habit and natural processes, produced a form of philosophy that is complicit in industrial capitalism and that elevates reality as such to an ideal of reason.
American philosophy fails to adopt a dialectical mode of thinking because it posits reason as identical with modern man’s “adjustive faculty” (97). Reason thus becomes the means by which the individual navigates the world in which they find themselves; it is not the means by which the individual breaks from this world.
For the pragmatist, reason is reduced to an instrument for exploring processes of better adaptation to the natural environment. But when the natural environment is one of relentless compulsory competition, exploitation and alienation, pragmatism lacks the philosophical means to pose a rupture with such an environment. As a philosophy of experience, pragmatism sees one of its central aims as the re-fashioning of man’s habitual apparatus; but without a critical philosophy, such an adaptation risks falling sway to an adaptation to the existing structures of domination and exploitation.
At the time of the publication of these lectures, Horkheimer had already developed a theory of domination of man under modern conditions that heavily relied on an account of nature that was at diametrical odds to the American pragmatist account of nature. For Horkheimer, exploitation and oppression in modern society must be considered beyond the orthodox Marxist class conflict analysis.
He rather thought that the Enlightenment had developed an objective reason and instrumental account of nature that was eroding man’s very capacity to engage in reason to produce independent thought. Furthermore, the orthodox Marxist account of exploitation under the capitalist modes of exchange and production must be expanded to account for a story of domination of nature that extended far further back into human history, before the advent of capitalism.
In much of the lectures Horkheimer takes aim at the “saint” of American philosophy, the pragmatist naturalist philosopher John Dewey for his marrying of Darwinism with Hegelianism. In Dewey’s thought we find a theory of the mind understood as a product of the world instead, when the reverse is what is needed – a dialectical theory that begins from the premise that the mind determines the world. What this results in is a philosophy that exalts raw nature as reason, a “debased Darwinism” (125 – 126). When reason disavows its commitment to speculative thought it becomes a servant of natural selection.
Thus, Dewey’s thought did not lead to an end to dialectical thinking of experience. Since Plato, the task of dialectical thinking has always been set on the unshackling of independent thought (127). The unshackling of thought is the very task of reason. As Horkheimer notes, “the sole way of assisting nature is to unshackle its seeming opposite, independent thought” (127). What Dewey’s philosophy amounts to is a celebration of reality, but a reality under capitalism is a reality of social alienation (82).
Horkheimer pleads for American philosophy to introduce negation as the means of interrogating the material conditions which form the unexamined backdrop of social production that pragmatists ignore. Ironically, Horkheimer in fact predicts the very rejection of this very proposal when he notes that the form of philosophy he is advocating, namely one that aims to address this level of reality, will inevitably appear as “metaphysical nonsense” to the pragmatist (83). As Schmidt shows in citing various reviews of Eclipse of Reason by American philosophers, the majority of them saw Horkheimer as some sort of Platonist charlatan.
American philosophy presents what Horkheimer calls ‘philosophical monism’, a monism that entrenched the domain of spirit to the total domination of the market. By tethering the spirit to a naturalism of biological determinism (Darwinism) and existing material conditions, Dewey naturalized man’s position within the modes of production. Importantly, this monistic orientation of pragmatist philosophy had a stepsister in what Horkheimer names “Neo-Thomism,” which he defines as an anti-dialectical political theology pervasive in American philosophy.
In neo-Thomism, nothing remains outside the all-embracing concept; metaphysics is thus reduced to the necessity for preserving space for the supreme being or value, be it political or social, to emerge (69). In neo-Thomism, Horkheimer writes, “[e]ternal natural law was founded on the basic structure of being” (70). In this philosophy, the very idea of God becomes contradictory: God is somehow absolute yet impervious to change. Neo-Thomism produces the same effect as Heideggerianism as Adorno notes in the Jargon of Authenticity:
The unconscious expression of a dynamic social process whose dynamics it fails to reflect. This failure is constitutive of ontological discourse, whose preference for stasis over movement, ground over horizon, Being over becoming is but an expression of a human “desire” caused by a world that, in reality, never stands still” (54).
Neo-Thomism and American pragmatism form a philosophical monism that elevates an ontology out of the existing social relations into a static account of the supreme principle found which is conveniently found in the existing social order without an analysis of the social relations into account. This form of philosophizing produces mythical thinking as it tries uphold a theoretical harmony that is given the lie on every account that the absolute must somehow reside already within the existing order. This marriage of neo-Thomism and pragmatism resulted in a new form of idealism that “glorified the merely existent by representing it as nevertheless spiritual in essence.”
In glorifying the merely existent, American philosophy veiled the basic conflicts in society “behind the harmony of its conceptual constructions,” furthering “the lie that elevates the existing to the rank of God, by attributing to it a ‘meaning’ that it has lost in an antagonistic world.” Thomas Aquinas sought God by analogy, which means that the church accepted a division between reality and absolute truth – for Aquinas; God does not suffer or change. This means that there is a static reality in Thomism, but this reality has no negative element capable of shifting its absolute presence.
An outcome of this monistic form of philosophy is an inadequate theory of agency and of the self. American philosophy celebrates the intellect as an isolated and independent entity. But as a Marxist, Horkheimer is keen to note that within capitalism, it is the division of labor that determines the capacity for independent, or abstract thought.
“The major argument against ontology is that the principles man discovers in himself by meditation, the emancipating truths that he tries to find, cannot be those of society or of the universe, because neither of these is made in the image of man.”
American philosophy presents a ‘vulgar materialism’ that falls into cynical nihilism; promoting a subjective reason that can only have affinity with ideology and lies. The two concepts of reason do not represent two separate and independent ways of the mind, although their opposition expresses a real antinomy.
As an alternative to this vulgar materialism, reason must, “[by] its self-critique… recognize the limitations of the two opposite concepts of reason (subjective and objective); it must analyze the development of the cleavage between the two, perpetuated as it is by all the doctrines that tend to triumph ideologically over the philosophical antinomy in an antinomic world.” Without a proper dialectical analysis of the two forms of reason, American philosophy becomes centered on a project of self-preservation that can only be achieved in a supra-individual order.
A negation of this static absolute that claims the prevailing ideology and its brash claims of reality is what philosophy must become. Without a commitment to the negative and to dialectics, philosophy risks falling into a form of Stoicism, which promoted a ‘supra-individualism’ in its own time as it posited a pure inwardness that allowed society to become a jungle of power interests destructive of all the material conditions prerequisite for the security of the very inner principle it sought to preserve. A supra-individualist philosophy cannot address the question of revolution or social change other than by turning to the question of the agency of individual feelings (81).
Pragmatism Discovers Critical Theory – A Missed Encounter
Much of Horkheimer’s critique of American philosophy back in the late 1940’s still rings true today. Although there is an added irony that must be noted, which is that despite the Eclipse of Reason effectively barring the spread of the Frankfurt School in American philosophy, the project of critical theory that the Frankfurt School invented was eventually embraced by contemporary pragmatism in the 1990’s onward. Critical theory has been adapted to the project of American philosophy more generally. It has been given an opening but has been largely re-purposed critical theory on the grounds of its own philosophical orientation.
This careful embrace of critical theory is not widely adopted and it has unfortunately resulted in a new form of idealism, what Michael Thompson calls the “neo-idealist” turn in critical theory in his excellent book The Domestication of Critical Theory. Thompson calls into question contemporary Hegelians such as Robert Pippin and Axel Honneth, and neo-Kantians such as Habermas who present a revamped form of pragmatist practical reason that misses the very structure of social domination within contemporary capitalism.
This is a philosophy that serves the liberal order and its emphasis on diversity, adaptation and sociation processes. Neo-idealism, like the pragmatism Horkheimer critiqued, remains powerless to combat social power rooted in material resources and institutions that reinforce entrenched power dynamics.
Similar to Horkheimer’s argument that the pragmatism of his own day overlooked the deleterious effects of objective reason, Thompson argues that today’s neo-idealists ignore what he calls “constitutive power,” or the means by which a subject has their means of validity already fused within them (Thompson, 30). Constitutive power latches onto what Thompson calls “extractive power” and this combination leads to contemporary “pathologies of consciousness”, namely alienation, reification etc. (Thompson, 34). Social domination takes place when there is a level of shared consensus around a value that justifies social power and social domination.
For neo-idealism, it is by a theory of sociation to existing social practices, rather than the Marxist idea of social domination that becomes the central way in which the subject is thought in neo-idealism. With its emphasis on generating norms based in consensus, discourse and modes of dialogue, neo-idealism abandons a dialectical conception of norms and instead develops a functionalist account of the properties of hierarchical social systems and goals (36).
The pragmatist emphasis on social practices – communication, discourse, recognition, justification, etc. – detached from a dialectical understanding of material power configurations, simply cannot present a philosophy that achieves what pragmatism sets out to achieve, which is the freedom of subjects to create the requisite capacities for critical consciousness. Thompson, like Horkheimer before him, does not see how neo-idealism can achieve the form of freedom it espouses without a more critical analysis of how values are generated by constitutive modes of power. As he notes, “[a]uthority and social power is about the inculcation of certain values and symbols that certain individuals absorb in order for the systemic operations of modern institutions to operate” (130).
We can hold our breath for a new form of pragmatism to emerge, one that might offer the type of dialectical analysis of objective reason and constitutive power that Horkheimer and Thompson call for, but we’ll likely suffocate in waiting.
Daniel Tutt is a philosopher, interfaith activist and documentary film producer. Daniel is a Lecturer in philosophy at George Washington University and Marymount University, and he received a Ph.D. from the European Graduate School, where he studied under the supervision of the French philosopher Alain Badiou; one of today’s most important living philosophers. He is the co-editor of a new book, Theologies and Ethics of Justice: New Directions in 21st Century Islamic Thought, and his writing has been published in Philosophy Now, The Islamic Monthly, the Washington Post, the Huffington Post and he has essays in three different books of philosophy. Finally, he is a contributing editor of The New Polis.
CategoriesCritical Theory, Horkheimer TagsPragmatism
3 Replies to “The Missed Encounter Between Critical Theory And American Pragmatism”
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dmf says:
what about Richard Bernstein, Colin Koopman, Paul Rabinow, etc?
Pingback: The Best Books of 2018 – Daniel Tutt
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Content House Enquiries
Ursus, For Real?
Travel Level Up: When you’ve lost that brand new feeling
Live, Love, Wonderfruit: The Healing of Pattaya
Singapore’s Headquarter of Techno
In the throes of thumping underground techno in a commercially oriented city state.
The Traveller’s Manual: Free Resources For Language Learning
Power, Knowledge and Rebellion
by Cindy January 6, 2017 4 minutes
Clean, safe, efficient, rich, modern. A financial powerhouse where chewing gum is banned. This is how foreigners would describe Singapore.
Most foreigners I’ve spoken to on language exchange app HelloTalk – on which I practise my French – have an impression of Singapore being a “good country”. One guy from Algeria was even surprised that there is unemployment in Singapore. If there’s one thing Singapore is good at, it’s marketing. The Singapore Tourism Board has done a good job with branding the city-state as a multicultural food and shopping paradise, albeit with the reputation of being a city that loves slapping people with fines for the smallest of offences, such as drinking water on the train.
The country sounds good on paper. It’s got everything a first-world nation is supposed to have: a mostly functioning public transport system with a great infrastructure, fairly fast internet speeds, countless cafes for bourgeoisie brunches, air-conditioned shopping malls attached to almost every MRT station, and a Central Business District surrounded by skyscrapers, packed with high flyers in power suits eating at overpriced salad bars. Everything is commercially oriented, designed to encourage consumerism. The more money we spend, the better it is for the country’s economy. However, the yuppie lifestyle is not for me.
Sterile, soulless, boring, stressful. These are a few words I often use to describe the country I was born and bred in. To be fair, there is more than meets the eye. Surely, there must be a sweat-flecked recording studio where promoters put on indie shows. Amongst the high-rise buildings and gleaming skyscrapers, there must be a dark, intimate club where fans of house and techno go to lose themselves in. I’ve spent the better part of a decade digging deep in the underground, going from punk, hardcore, and indie gigs to indie discos to electro nights to house and techno raves here and overseas. I was not only hooked on the music, but also on the feeling of carefree rebellion and acceptance from like-minded individuals, and I travel in hedonistic pursuit of all that.
Can the spirit of anarchy be replicated in a club? Yes, it can. If there’s a message the underground wants to convey, it’s a big ‘fuck you’ to the establishment, and Headquarters by The Council on 66 Boat Quay seems to echo that.
Aptly and affectionately known as HQ, this non-descript club is where a small but tight-knit community of discerning house and techno fans in Singapore gather from Wednesdays to Saturdays. Some arrive later in the night from Kilo, Cato, or kyo––a few other spots that also champion house, tech house, and techno music. While these genres aren’t new here, there hasn’t been a club solely dedicated to them until recently, at least not that I’ve seen in my relatively short 10 years of partying. Even though it’s only been open for 7 months, HQ has unofficially become the headquarter of the local techno scene.
Pay your entry fee, walk up the flight of stairs, and the door opens to reveal an industrial style interior lit only by red lasers. Every inch of the club’s surface – even the toilet door – is marked with scribbles by DJs and punters.
Image by Colossal Photos
It’s evident that a lot of thought went into providing the full experience of what a true underground club should be like. Behind a cage-like booth with speakers suspended by heavy-duty chains, DJs from Singapore and abroad play deep, dark, driving 4/4 beats that’s befitting of such a raw, intimate venue.
DJ Nakadia. Image by Colossal Photos
There are no plush sofas or tables for reservation; just a couple of couches tucked in corners next to an old school Donkey Kong arcade machine. Of all the clubs I’ve been to in the country, this is the only one that holds a candle to the few I’ve had the pleasure of experiencing in London, Berlin, Barcelona, and Antwerp, all of which are equally no-frills with a DIY vibe.
Despite what the tourism ads tell you, Singapore’s nightlife is far from vibrant. Clarke Quay is a tourist trap that I’d advise travellers to avoid. The city-state has sadly been dubbed the land that techno forgot. Even Tbilisi, the capital of the former Soviet country of Georgia is rising as a rave destination, thanks to the opening of BASSIANI, a techno club built in a former swimming pool. There are a couple of similarities between Singapore and Tbilisi, namely the zero-drug tolerance policy and prohibition of homosexuality. Fortunately for the LGBT scene here, gay bars and clubs are allowed to operate. In an article for Electronic Beats, the co-owners of BASSIANI wrote that techno has become a music for protest in their city, and it seems like something similar is happening here. Most clubs close at 4am, but if a club or the occasional pop-up underground rave is lucky enough to get a permit to extend its hours, then the party goes on ’til day breaks. After-hours parties have to be kept on the down low for obvious reasons. Clubs get raided from time to time and parties get shut down.
With alcohol being the only legal high, fights break out on the dancefloor in almost every club when people get way too drunk and aggressive. People throwing up or passed out on the pavements outside clubs are a common sight. For those who prefer to stay sober, HQ has an endless supply of Club-Mate, a caffeinated Yerba mate tea-based soda. The drink has also become synonymous with hacker culture and club culture in Berlin, the techno capital of Europe. A half-litre bottle contains 100mg of caffeine. Fueled by the mighty Mate, who even needs drugs to keep awake?
As the night wears on, the dance floor heats up as the music takes the crowd higher. Deep in the throes of thumping techno, things get inevitably messy, sticky, even increasingly debauched. Shoes get glued to the floor, wet from spilt drinks, but who cares? In a shared moment of euphoria, nothing else but the music matters. Ravers cheer the DJ on with fist pumps and screams of encouragement, creating a feedback loop of positive energy that’s almost orgasmic.
At HQ, nobody cares how you dress, which gender you’re attracted to or what you do for a living. Everybody’s there to dance. You could enter the club alone and exit with new friends. Go there often enough and everyone, even the bouncer, feels like family. There is a sense of camaraderie here you can’t find in bigger clubs. For its regulars, the club is a second home, a sanctuary where they can escape from the drudgery of the daily grind.
What makes these places special – no matter where in the world you find them – is the open, welcoming, friendly crowd they attract. In a typically reserved fast-paced Asian society where people can often be cold, it takes a hell lot of effort to find your tribe. And it’s on dark dance floors and in strobe-lit spaces that play loud music where I found mine.
Lead image by Colossal Photos
Tags: asia, club, club culture, club mate, clubbing, house, nightlife, rave, singapore, tech house, techno, travel, underground
about Cindy 38 articles
Cindy heads Departure’s Curator section. She is an avid traveller and night owl, known for her contrarian stance on a number of issues. She has criticised such public and generally popular figures as Mother Teresa, Taylor Swift and Pope Benedict XVI.
February 3, 2018 at 11:00 pm Gayle San says:
Thats a great read and very informative about the Singapore techno clubs which I have no awareness about . I left Singapore more than 25 years ago to pursue my Dj career in Europe and luckily found success as a techno DJ and toured all over the world clubs , I also played at Zouk Club many years ago to crowds that were still absorbing to that kind of music at that time, and to the mass stages/crowds for 18 years untill I slowed down in recent years to pursue my other business passion outside of music, parallel to still Dj ing in techno clubs ,mainly in Europe. Its great to know that Singapore has indeed a small “underground ” scene / a techno club that I m only used to in Europe and wide ..I ll be certainly checking out Headquarter when I come to Singapore for a visit very soon !
February 4, 2018 at 12:48 am Cindy Tan says:
Hi Gayle! Thanks for your kind words. Glad you found success in Europe, it’s the place to be for techno music. 🙂
February 23, 2018 at 6:48 pm Ido Schacham says:
Fantastic article, you really nailed the feeling of a great party in words and I really relate to it. Talk to me if you ever come to Tel Aviv
February 24, 2018 at 2:55 pm Cindy Tan says:
Thank you Ido! I’ve heard good things about the scene in Tel Aviv, would love to visit one day!
Leave a Reply to Cindy Tan Cancel reply
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Canes hold on to beat Blackhawks 4-3
Goals by Andrei Svechnikov, Jaccob Slavin, Phillip Di Giuseppe and Calvin de Haan gave Carolina a four-goal lead early in the second period and the Hurricanes held on for a 4-3 victory over the Chicago Blackhawks on Thursday night that spoiled the NHL coaching debut of Jeremy Colliton.
Colliton became the 38th coach of the Blackhawks on Tuesday after Joel Quenneville was fired after 10 seasons with Chicago. Quenneville ranked second in NHL history with 890 regular-season victories.
Despite the coaching switch, Chicago got off to a sluggish, mistake-filled start and saw its winless streak reach six straight (0-5-1.)
Patrick Kane, David Kampf and Nick Schmaltz scored for the Blackhawks after they fell behind 4-0 in a quiet United Center, but the team's comeback came up just short.
Colliton, who was promoted from Chicago's American Hockey League affiliate in Rockford, Illinois, is the NHL's youngest head coach at 33.
Lucas Wallmark had two assists for the Hurricanes, who snapped a five-game slide in the finale of a four-game road trip.
Scott Darling, traded to Carolina by the Blackhawks in April 2017, made 35 saves in his third start this season.
Chicago's Corey Crawford blocked 30 shots as he faced ample tough chances set up by breakdowns in front of him.
Carolina led 3-0 after the first period.
Svechnikov opened the scoring 4:46 in, cutting across the crease and using a long reach to tuck in rebound of Jordan Martinook's shot from the left circle.
Slavin scored his second goal in two games to make it 2-0 during a power play at 9:09. He poked in a loose puck from the crease after Crawford stopped two point-blank stuff-in attempts by Justin Williams.
Di Giuseppe increased it to 3-0 with 4:07 left in the first on a shot from the left circle after the Blackhawks failed clear their zone.
Crawford chopped his stick on the crossbar and broke it after de Haan scored from just outside the crease 1:20 into the second to extend Carolina's lead to 4-0. DeHaan, a defenseman, was left open after he pinched in and took a nifty feed from Sebastian Aho from behind the net.
Kane cut it to 4-1 just over three minutes later, slapping in a puck that had been fired by Artem Anisimov from the slot and was trickling toward the goal line.
Kampf was credited with a deflection at 10:53 of the period that cut it to 4-2. Brandon Saad powered from behind the net to high in the slot, then turned and fired on net to create the chance.
Schmaltz narrowed it to 4-3 at 3:33 of the third when he carried the puck into the Carolina zone and beat Darling from the left circle.
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15 Hypergeometric FunctionProperties15.1 Special Notation15.3 Graphics
§15.2 Definitions and Analytical Properties
§18.12
§15.2(i) Gauss Series
§15.2(ii) Analytic Properties
Gauss series, Maclaurin series, convergence, definition, hypergeometric function, principal value (or branch)
See Andrews et al. (1999, §2.1) . (15.2.3) is a consequence of (15.8.4).
§10.16, §10.22(iv), §10.39, §10.43(iv), §13.10(ii), §13.16(i), §13.23(i), §13.4(i), §13.4(ii), §14.13, §18.12, §18.17(vii), §18.26(iv), §18.33(iv), §18.35(i), §19.5, §2.6(iii), §29.5, §32.10(vi), §33.6, §5.16, §8.14, §8.17(ii), §8.19(x), Notation for the Special Functions
The hypergeometric function F(a,b;c;z) is defined by the Gauss series
15.2.1 F(a,b;c;z)=∑s=0∞(a)s(b)s(c)ss!zs=1+abcz+a(a+1)b(b+1)c(c+1)2!z2+⋯=Γ(c)Γ(a)Γ(b)∑s=0∞Γ(a+s)Γ(b+s)Γ(c+s)s!zs,
F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Gauss’ hypergeometric function
Γ(z): gamma function, F12(a,b;c;z): =F(a,b;c;z) notation for Gauss’ hypergeometric function, (a)n: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), !: factorial (as in n!), s: nonnegative integer, z: complex variable, a: real or complex parameter, b: real or complex parameter and c: real or complex parameter
§15.19(i), §15.4(iii), §19.19
on the disk |z|<1, and by analytic continuation elsewhere. In general, F(a,b;c;z) does not exist when c=0,-1,-2,…. The branch obtained by introducing a cut from 1 to +∞ on the real z-axis, that is, the branch in the sector |ph(1-z)|≤π, is the principal branch (or principal value) of F(a,b;c;z).
For all values of c
15.2.2 F(a,b;c;z)=∑s=0∞(a)s(b)sΓ(c+s)s!zs,
F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Olver’s hypergeometric function
Γ(z): gamma function, (a)n: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), !: factorial (as in n!), Fqp(a;b;z) or Fqp(ab;z): scaled (or Olver’s) generalized hypergeometric function, s: nonnegative integer, z: complex variable, a: real or complex parameter, b: real or complex parameter and c: real or complex parameter
§15.12(i), §16.2(v)
again with analytic continuation for other values of z, and with the principal branch defined in a similar way.
Except where indicated otherwise principal branches of F(a,b;c;z) and F(a,b;c;z) are assumed throughout the DLMF.
The difference between the principal branches on the two sides of the branch cut (§4.2(i)) is given by
15.2.3 F(a,bc;x+i0)-F(a,bc;x-i0)=2πiΓ(a)Γ(b)(x-1)c-a-bF(c-a,c-bc-a-b+1;1-x),
x>1.
Γ(z): gamma function, π: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, i: imaginary unit, F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Olver’s hypergeometric function, x: real variable, a: real or complex parameter, b: real or complex parameter and c: real or complex parameter
On the circle of convergence, |z|=1, the Gauss series:
Converges absolutely when ℜ(c-a-b)>0.
Converges conditionally when -1<ℜ(c-a-b)≤0 and z=1 is excluded.
Diverges when ℜ(c-a-b)≤-1.
For the case z=1 see also §15.4(ii).
analytic properties, branch points, hypergeometric function, polynomial cases, singularities
See Olver (1997b, Chapter 5, Theorem 9.1) and Temme (1996b, §5.1) .
Figure 15.3.6, Figure 15.3.6, Figure 15.3.6, (15.4.17), (15.4.18), (15.4.19), (15.4.33), (15.4.6), §15.4(i), §15.4(iii), §15.9(i), Erratum (V1.0.16) for Subsection 15.2(ii)
The unnumbered equation which was inserted in Version 1.0.16 (September 18, 2017) has been given the equation number (15.2.3_5).
Additions (effective with 1.0.16):
An unnumbered equation was added in the second paragraph of this subsection. An equation number will be assigned in an expanded numbering scheme that is under current development. Additionally, the discussion following (15.2.6) was expanded.
The principal branch of F(a,b;c;z) is an entire function of a, b, and c. The same is true of other branches, provided that z=0, 1, and ∞ are excluded. As a multivalued function of z, F(a,b;c;z) is analytic everywhere except for possible branch points at z=0, 1, and ∞. The same properties hold for F(a,b;c;z), except that as a function of c, F(a,b;c;z) in general has poles at c=0,-1,-2,….
Because of the analytic properties with respect to a, b, and c, it is usually legitimate to take limits in formulas involving functions that are undefined for certain values of the parameters. In particular
15.2.3_5 limc→-nF(a,b;c;z)Γ(c)=F(a,b;-n;z)=(a)n+1(b)n+1(n+1)!zn+1F(a+n+1,b+n+1;n+2;z),
Γ(z): gamma function, F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Gauss’ hypergeometric function, (a)n: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), !: factorial (as in n!), F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Olver’s hypergeometric function, n: integer, z: complex variable, a: real or complex parameter, b: real or complex parameter and c: real or complex parameter
§15.2(ii), Erratum (V1.0.28) for Equations (15.2.3_5), (19.11.6_5)
http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.2.E3_5
This equation was given a number.
For example, when a=-m, m=0,1,2,…, and c≠0,-1,-2,…, F(a,b;c;z) is a polynomial:
15.2.4 F(-m,b;c;z)=∑n=0m(-m)n(b)n(c)nn!zn=∑n=0m(-1)n(mn)(b)n(c)nzn.
F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Gauss’ hypergeometric function, (a)n: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), (mn): binomial coefficient, !: factorial (as in n!), n: integer, z: complex variable, b: real or complex parameter, c: real or complex parameter and m: integer
This formula is also valid when c=-m-ℓ, ℓ=0,1,2,…, provided that we use the interpretation
15.2.5 F(-m,b-m-ℓ;z)=limc→-m-ℓ(lima→-mF(a,bc;z)),
F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Gauss’ hypergeometric function, z: complex variable, a: real or complex parameter, b: real or complex parameter, c: real or complex parameter, ℓ: integer and m: integer
§15.10(i), §15.2(ii), §15.2(ii), §15.4(i), §15.4(iii)
15.2.6 F(-m,b-m-ℓ;z)=lima→-mF(a,ba-ℓ;z),
F(a,b;c;z) or F(a,bc;z): =F12(a,b;c;z) Gauss’ hypergeometric function, z: complex variable, a: real or complex parameter, b: real or complex parameter, ℓ: integer and m: integer
§15.2(ii), §15.2(ii), §15.4(i), §15.4(iii), Erratum (V1.0.16) for Subsection 15.2(ii)
which sometimes needs to be used in §15.4. (Both interpretations give solutions of the hypergeometric differential equation (15.10.1), as does F(a,b;c;z), which is analytic at c=0,-1,-2,….)
For comparison of F(a,b;c;z) and F(a,b;c;z), with the former using the limit interpretation (15.2.5), see Figures 15.3.6 and 15.3.7.
Let m be a nonnegative integer. Formula (15.4.6) reads F(a,b;a;z)=(1-z)-b. The right-hand side can be seen as an analytical continuation for the left-hand side when a approaches -m. In that case we are using interpretation (15.2.6) since with interpretation (15.2.5) we would obtain that F(-m,b;-m;z) is equal to the first m+1 terms of the Maclaurin series for (1-z)-b.
© 2010–2020 NIST / Privacy Policy / Disclaimer / Feedback; Version 1.1.0; Release date 2020-12-15. A printed companion is available. 15.1 Special Notation15.3 Graphics
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Ecological interactions affecting American chestnut restoration and Allegheny woodrat conservation in Indiana
Rita M Blythe, Purdue University
The Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) is a small rodent native to rocky habitats surrounded by deciduous forests in the eastern United States. Woodrats have recently experienced a severe range-wide decline and are a species of conservation concern throughout their range. In Indiana, the persistence of woodrat populations is threatened by a loss of genetic diversity, so captive propagation was initiated to ameliorate the immediate threat of inbreeding depression and improve local genetic diversity. However, achieving the objectives of captive propagation ultimately depends on the ability of captive-reared individuals to survive in the wild until they can contribute reproductively to the population. Therefore, I monitored survival of hard- and soft-released animals and compared their survival to that of wild juvenile individuals. Survivorship of wild-born individuals was consistently higher than captive-reared individuals. Patterns of survival were best explained by origin (i.e., captive-reared or wild-born) and the interaction between origin and time, with disparities in survival for wild and captive animals decreasing over time. Soft releases improved initial survival, although the importance of the effect of release strategy on survival also decreased over time. Captive propagation may not be the most effective recovery tool for this declining prey species in Indiana, as few individuals likely survived to contribute reproductively to local populations. Allegheny woodrats largely depend on cached hard mast for subsistence over winter and so are sensitive to mast crop failures common to oaks, which were the species most successful at compensating for the loss of American chestnut from their habitat. I provisioned woodrat populations with supplemental food as a way to mitigate this sensitivity and simulate the probable effect of potential chestnut restoration on woodrat populations. I monitored the differential response among populations provisioned consistently, populations receiving a "pulsed" supplementation, and populations remaining as un-supplemented controls by evaluating population growth rates, apparent survival, recruitment, and individual condition. These measures did not differ statistically among populations assigned to each supplementation treatment, nor did supplementation affect woodrat body mass. Overall, woodrats did not appear to be food limited during the study; mast failures did not occur in the years in which supplementation was provided. Moreover, woodrats were unable to respond positively to a surplus of food resources. In addition to supplementation, I evaluated Allegheny woodrat patterns of preference for chestnuts relative to other hard mast food items to determine whether BC3F2 hybrid chestnut seed represents a desirable food source for woodrats in lieu of pure American chestnut. Woodrats consistently preferred acorns of the red oak group over chestnuts, and BC3F2 chestnut seeds were less preferred than pure American chestnuts, suggesting that woodrats might not perceive these seeds as equivalent food resources. Wide-scale restoration of a hybrid chestnut tree (BC3F 3) is planned, but seed predation by small mammals can have profound impacts on tree species composition and may limit recruitment into plant populations. Therefore, the relative preferences of small mammals for BC3F 3 mast may have important implications for either promoting or limiting the expansion of the BC3F3 from reintroduction sites. I evaluated patterns of preference by small mammal consumers (i.e., white-footed mice, eastern chipmunks, southern flying squirrels, fox squirrels, eastern gray squirrels) for both pure American and BC3F2 chestnuts relative to other hard mast and determined the fate of seeds following selection. The primarily larder-hoarding rodents (mice, chipmunks, flying squirrels) preferred American chestnut seeds over some of the other sources of mast (walnut, hickory, chestnut oak), whereas the scatter-hoarding rodents (fox squirrels, gray squirrels) preferred certain other sources of mast (walnut, hickory, red oak) to chestnut. In general, both groups tended to consume a higher proportion of chestnut than other seed types. In some cases, rodents treated BC 3F2 chestnuts differently than pure American chestnuts, indicating that there are perceived differences between these seeds that influence rodent foraging. Gray squirrels and chipmunks strongly avoided BC3F 2 seeds relative to American chestnut, and fox squirrels left fewer BC3F2 seeds in ground caches within 30 m of feeding stations than American chestnut. The selection of seeds by seed predators is often frequency dependent, such that common or rare mast items are consumed at disproportionately high rates in positive or negative frequency-dependent selection, respectively. I tested for frequency-dependent selection by fox squirrels when chestnut was presented in combination with red or white oak. Fox squirrels showed evidence of positive frequency-dependent selection when combinations of white oak and chestnuts were available, removing more common mast items at a higher rate than expected based on availability. Although I examined seed fate, the observed level of caching was insufficient to allow inferences about how squirrel tendencies to consume or cache might change with frequency of seed types. The loss of chestnut seeds to predation may be dampened if they are planted sparsely throughout white oak stands. However, larger-scale studies of community-level interactions that incorporate chestnut seed fate within the context of different seasons and oak masting events are needed to determine if this outcome can be expected and its longer-term consequences for white oak.
Smyser, Purdue University.
Wildlife Conservation|Ecology|Conservation|Forestry
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Parameters affecting mineral trapping of CO 2 sequestration in brines
Qi Liu and M. Mercedes Maroto‐Valer
Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, 2011, vol. 1, issue 3, 211-222
Abstract: Carbon dioxide sequestration using brines has emerged as a promising technology to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change due to its large storage capacity and favorable chemistries. However, the permanent storage of CO 2 in brines takes significantly long periods of time as the formation of carbonates is very slow. This review focuses on the four main parameters (brine composition, brine pH, system temperature, and pressure) that have been reported to have a major effect on mineral trapping of CO 2 sequestration in brines. These parameters are difficult to control for in situ underground CO 2 sequestration. However, understanding the effects of these main parameters is useful for both aboveground and underground carbonation reactions. Brine pH is the most important parameter. The precipitation of carbonate minerals is favored over a basic pH of 9.0. In order to promote the formation of carbonates, brine pH could be enhanced by using additives. System temperature has a greater effect than pressure. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:wly:greenh:v:1:y:2011:i:3:p:211-222
More articles in Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology from Blackwell Publishing
Handle: RePEc:wly:greenh:v:1:y:2011:i:3:p:211-222
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Targeting Positive Cash-Flow Inside 12 months
Environmental Clean Technologies Limited (ASX: ECT) (ECT or Company) is pleased to provide the following update on its corporate strategy, targeted at achieving positive cashflow within the next 12 months.
ECT targeting 12 months to cashflow positive
3-tiered approach involving organic growth, acquisitions and corporate restructure
Initial focus on upgrades to Coldry high-volume test facility (HVTF) to enter char and syngas market to complement the Company’s existing steam and boiler package business
ECT is in the business of researching, developing and commercialising leading-edge technologies for upgrading low-rank and waste resources that can deliver both economic and environmental benefits.
The nature of research, development and commercialisation requires a clear long-term vision and considerable investment.
Developing capital-intensive first-of-a-kind technologies such as the Company’s Coldry (zero-net emission brown coal drying), HydroMOR (low emission brown coal-based iron making), COHgen (low emission hydrogen production from brown coal) and CDP-WTE (low emission, waste-to-diesel using Coldry) processes is challenging.
Crucial to meeting this long term challenge is establishing operational cashflows which evidence the commercialisation of our technology suite.
To date, the Company has relied on equity and debt capital raisings, together with Government R&D rebate funding to advance development activities.
Over the past four years, the Company worked to develop strategic relationships with technically and financially strong project partners in India, noting the supportive market dynamics in India for adoption of its technology suite and the capability to establish a global engineering and fabrication base.
While ECT continues to pursue project opportunities in India with NLC India Limited (NLCIL) and other strategic partners, timelines for the development of its technology suite have stretched, necessitating a change in strategy to ensure near term cashflows.
Over the past 8 months, ECT has been advancing a strategy aimed at developing near-term operational cash-flows in parallel to proposed projects in India, the Latrobe Valley and other regions. As a result of previously announced India project delays, the Company has accelerated these plans.
To deliver positive cashflows sufficient to continue the broader research, development and commercialisation objectives over and above basic operating expenses, the Company is adopting the following three-tiered approach.
Achieving Positive Cashflow
To achieve positive cashflow, the Company aims to maximise revenues from its existing facility at Bacchus Marsh in addition to ongoing market and application testing of Coldry products to underpin the offtake from larger capacity Coldry plants, including the proposed Latrobe Valley project which targets 200,000-300,000 tpa of Coldry production.
In achieving these near term cashflow objectives, the Company would expect improved financial market support and sentiment whilst also underpinning growth-oriented budgets for project development and further R&D.
Additionally, the Company believes there are significant upside opportunities for technology-leveraged business acquisitions. Through increased economies of scale, and supported by organic revenue growth, the Company aims to consolidate its market position through the acquisition of businesses with complementary processes, similar products and established earnings. These target businesses would be evaluated for synergies with ECT’s existing suite of technologies and, where appropriate benefit from their deployment or integration post-acquisition, leveraging the existing business value.
Finally, in building earnings with the first two tiers, ECT is also considering corporate transactions and structures that optimise market ratings for our asset class. At the core of the Company’s business model is the development of technology which beneficiates low-rank and waste resources. ECT’s technology suite utilises a diverse set of waste feedstocks to produce higher value products with low to zero emissions profiles.
Finally, in building earnings with the first two tiers, ECT is considering corporate transactions and structures that optimise market ratings for our asset class.
At the core of the Company’s business model is the development of technology which beneficiates low-rank and waste resources. ECT’s technology suite utilises a diverse set of waste feedstocks to produce higher value products with low to zero emissions profiles. Aligned to this, ECT is able to position itself as an emerging “waste technology” business with its focus on growing organic earnings first and foremost.
Consistent with this approach, any subsequent acquisition would need to be earnings accretive to allow for financing options which align with shareholder return and any corporate transaction would target:
Improved access to inputs:
appropriate feedstocks (such as owning collections of waste plastics or glass), or;
relevant resources (such as Yallourn lignite via terminal upgrades), or:
Resource ownership, including:
above ground resources such as waste millscale and stored waste plastics, or
below ground resources, such as lignite.
The Company believes that this approach will allow the market to better categorise and rate its value according to an earnings multiple commensurate with its market peers. This current corporate strategy aligns with ECT’s 5-year stated purpose where we, “bridge the gap between today’s use of resources and tomorrow’s zero emission future.”
Tier 1 – Organic Growth
The first tier of the strategy aims to leverage the Company’s existing Coldry HVTF northwest of Melbourne to build upon the demand in the local market for solid fuel and char products.
Following the successful signing last year (9 August 2018) of a 5-year deal for the provision of fuel and steam services to a Victorian customer, the Company subsequently announced (12 April 2019) the launch of its steam and boiler package division.
This division offers turnkey solutions to industrial-scale steam and hot water users, encompassing the upgrade of existing equipment, installation of new equipment, new equipment financing, operations, maintenance and fuel supply with the unique proposition of offering significant savings to customers on their total cost of ownership.
The launch of this new business initiative was made following upgrades to the Company’s Coldry HVTF which increased the testing capacity of the plant, making higher volumes of Coldry solid fuel available for sale.
In parallel, ECT has been assessing other markets for potential Coldry sales. This has led to consideration of the char market. Char serves two key markets; as a smokeless fuel (e.g. BBQ fuel) and as a carburiser, used in specialty metallurgical applications. A market analysis, covering steam fuel, char and syngas markets will be the subject of a further announcement over the coming days.
The next phase of development at the HVTF aims to increase capacity to 25,000 tonnes per annum, with the following sales and revenue targets:
To deliver the above sales objective, the Company aims to execute the following key capital works:
Diagram: Upgrade #3 – Primary Processing
The draft timeline to deliver the upgrades and revenue is as follows:
Further details will be announced over the coming weeks as key elements of the project are finalised, including off-take partners, project design and implementation plan, refined revenue targets and project financing.
The upgrade program will also establish the final plant capacity which may exceed 35,000 tonnes per annum, thus giving potential upside to the economics of this plant as described above.
Preparations for Plant Upgrades
In preparation for the planned upgrades at the HVTF at Bacchus Marsh, the Company is pleased to announce the appointment of two additional Plant Operators Scott Vagala and Shane Willis. Both Operators have been undergoing training at the facility over the last 4 weeks and provide the Company with the ability to implement continuous operating shifts, whilst also managing the raw coal processing, finished product and maintenance programs to optimise plant uptime and throughput.
ECT Chief Operating officer Jim Blackburn commented, “We have built a highly competent team to take on all aspects of current plant operations and preparation for the new upgrade program.
“Under the guidance of our Senior Plant Operator David Johnston, lead electrical and fabrication engineers Josh Doherty and Dan Hughes, and with strategic input from Senior Engineers Ashley Moore, Orion Coyle and David Wilson, we have conducted a comprehensive review of the site and are ready to take on the next stage of development. This work has been greatly rewarding for all of us in seeing the current potential of this site fully realised ahead of our focused program for greater volume throughput and product diversification to support the higher value market opportunities that we have been working to develop”.
Raw coal stockpile
Extrusion & conditioning
Financing the Corporate Strategy
In developing the current strategic plan, the board of ECT acknowledged that had the proposed India project proceeded as envisaged, the Company needed to improve short term operational cashflows.
ECT Chairman Glenn Fozard commented, “The development of our steam and boiler services business was the initial foray into establishing operational cashflows. Whilst we are happy with how we have progressed our value proposition, further sales will be underpinned by increasing trust in our service delivery and our brand recognition as we undertake customer quotations and tender responses. Therefore, it is evident that this business, whilst growing, will do so over a longer timeframe than first expected.
“Whilst ECT’s fuel sales from steam and boiler packages (chart, above) have grown significantly in percentage terms over the last three years on the back of a near fully developed marketing message (see table below), sales in FY20 will not be enough to meet the company’s 12 month revenue targets and plant capacity.
“If we add our targeted char sales of $5M-$6M to our forecasts, we enter a territory that justifies the additional upgrades at the HVTF.
“Entering the char market will also allow ECT to establish a dedicated off-take partner for the upgraded capacity of the plant as well as produce valuable syngas to offset boiler costs and open up further revenue options from the excess syngas fuel.
“We are aiming to underpin the remaining costs of the upgrades foremostly with loan finance against the equipment. Once we have finalised the off-take partners, upgrades program, budget and finance plan during the balance of September an outline will be provided, including an estimate of the financing mix and costs.
“Loan-funded financing to complete the upgrades budget will be given priority over other funding options for the project which we estimate total project costs to not exceed $2.5M
“Directing our resources and financing into completing the HVTF upgrades to support sales contracts for the full plant capacity is the most effective way to reach our $3M earnings target, for our first strategic tier, within 12 months.
“It’s important for shareholders to recognise that we are aiming to reach significant operational earnings via this upgrade pathway whilst also improving the feasibility of our larger facility, currently being planned, for the Latrobe Valley. As such, we expect the char product off-take partner will also contract output from the larger plant, benefitting from the lower cost of production provided by economies of scale.”
Tier 2 & 3 – Acquisition & Structural Growth
ECT is currently engaging with potential acquisition targets that meet its requirements, being:
Existing and established earnings
Processes or plant which would benefit from the application of one or more of ECT’s existing technologies
Additionally, ECT is in formal but incomplete discussions with companies capable of realising its goals for a listed market re-rating, with a focus on:
Earnings accretion
Resource or feedstock access
Pursuant to Listing Rule 3.1A these engagements constitute incomplete proposals or negotiations at present and are exempt from disclosure until such time as a transaction is complete or that the progress of negotiations meets the disclosure requirements.
Further updates will be provided to the market regarding these potential acquisitions as further details are finalised.
Project & Technology Development
Whilst the upgrades at the Company’s HVTF plant will be the main priority (Tier 1) over the coming six months, project & technology development and R&D activities will be advanced as time and resources permit.
ECT Chief Engineer Ashley Moore noted that “ECT’s engineering and technical team in Australia and India will be working to deliver on the mix of projects for our Coldry HVTF expansion project, as well as the continuing advancement of ECT’s suite of technologies. The India team will play a particularly important role in sourcing competitively priced equipment, such as the rotary kiln system, to support the expansion project.”
Latrobe Valley – Integrated Coldry CDP Project
Given the close association of HVTF upgrades with the Latrobe Valley project (the “LV project”) feasibility, outside the priority of the three strategic tiers, the engineering and executive teams will continue to drive forward with this initiative over the next six months. This is reinforced by the upgrade activities for the HVTF including further upgrades of terminals 15 and 16 at Yallourn Power Station’s outfeed conveyor and lignite loading facility.
Next steps for the LV project include:
Basic engineering design – Coldry scope and quote:
The combined Australian and India-based engineering team have completed the scope and quoting process for the Coldry basic engineering program in concert with a network of domestic and international engineering design firms. The Company is pleased with the support and response to the design basis for the LV project and believe the range of firms engaged represent not only good value but industry-leading expertise for our first commercial-scale project.
CDP-WTE engineering review program and integration pathway analysis:
Having onboarded the CDP engineering program over the past 3 months, engineering personnel have been focused on a deep analysis of potential integration pathways with existing Coldry technology, focused on the significant potential for Coldry to supply the stable baseload feedstock for the production of diesel and other valuable hydrocarbon products. The team has been evaluating the full process chain including raw material handling and preparation, core process engineering and opportunities for further development of catalysts and additional output product processing.
Targeted short-term CDP-WTE R&D program:
The ongoing evaluation of the proposed integration pathway between the CDP-WTE and Coldry technologies has provided the Company with some key additional R&D objectives which will support the required basic engineering design process. In this way the teams can target key process steps, and mirror to an extent the R&D program that has been conducted by CDP-WTE for the timber and plastic waste streams over the past 4 years. This narrow focus will allow the timeframe and budgets for any additional R&D activities to remain tightly managed.
Revised basic engineering design package for integrated Coldry/CDP-WTE plant:
The outcome of the technical evaluation and targeted R&D activities will be to then add the CDP-WTE technology element to the scope and budget for the encompassing Integration basic engineering design program. With both technologies advanced to this stage of preparation, the project will move forward as a single design, construction and commissioning program, under a project-specific Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) and future external capital raising program, supporting both waste-to-energy (including lignite to diesel) and other higher-value Coldry applications (char, solid fuels, etc) through proposed market offtake agreements.
CDP-WTE – Alternative Project Opportunities
The Company recently announced the completion of the acquisition of the CDP Waste-to-Energy (WTE) technology and is pursuing two specific objectives:
LV project: integration of the CDP-WTE technology with the Coldry process, and;
New project development: exploring the existing and new opportunities for commercial deployment of external CDP-WTE projects utilising wood fibre and plastic waste streams.
As previously announced, a key feature of the acquisition of the CDP Group was the previous project development work undertaken on a number of prospective standalone projects, positioning the CDP-WTE technology to progress to commercial demonstration. ECT has continued to explore these opportunities with a range of interested parties to quantify and qualify the commercial potential.
The Company has a clear strategy to develop the CDP-WTE technology for deployment globally, as both an integrated Coldry-enabled plant such as proposed for the Latrobe Valley and as a standalone WTE application using other waste feedstocks such as timber and plastic waste.
The Company is close to finalising a licensing and route-to-market structure to support these commercial projects and will announce additional detail as these processes are concluded and terms become binding.
COHgen – Hydrogen Industry Development
COHGen development has continued with the assessment of test data from Monash University, Newcastle University and specialist laboratory service providers aimed at characterising the hydrogen yield potential and profile of lignite through application of the COHgen technology.
The Company has completed phase one of the COHgen R&D program and has set out a further 3 phase program inclusive of patent application and proposed strategic partner involvement. The broad structure for future development of the COHgen technology includes:
Phase 2 – Expanded R&D program focused on:
Process chemistry determination
Catalyst selection and catalyst manufacturing process development
By-product characterisation and application development
Generate test vessel to move from batch operations at bench scale to testing that is semi-continuous in nature
Patent application process
Phase 3 – COHgen test (scale) plant – Bacchus Marsh:
Verification at scale of semi-continuous hydrogen production from COHgen plant
Process design for raw materials, formulations, process algorithms
Scope of basis of design formulation for pilot / commercial demonstration plant
Early verification of economic model (CAPEX and OPEX cost factors) for pilot scale / commercial demonstration plant
Phase 4 – COHgen pilot scale / commercial demonstration plant:
Investment / corporate / legal structure
Basic engineering design program
Detailed engineering design program
Project implementation
As a key objective stemming from the continuing development of COHgen, ECT will adopt a collaborative approach to advance COHgen commercialisation. To this end the Company has commenced discussions with potential strategic partners whom have broader interests aligned with hydrogen production, storage, distribution and consumption. Considering the stage of development and potential scale of commercial deployment, ECT believes it would be prudent to engage in a joint venture structure early in the technology development lifecycle and has based plans for funding, intellectual property (IP) development and commercialisation on this approach.
India Project Activities
The Company’s Coldry technology provides the gateway solution to all of the subsequent ECT technology portfolio. In addition, it provides its own unique standalone solution as direct feedstock for a range of energy-intensive systems.
This is of particular relevance to the Company’s continuing activities in India.
As previously stated, Coldry offers a cost-effective solution for significantly lower CO2 intensity than as-mined lignite. This coupled with India’s commitment under the Paris Climate Agreement to reducing its CO2 intensity will continue to drive the Company’s interest in developing its technology portfolio in the region. Specifically, the Company’s Coldry testing will focus on the higher value utility steam and heat market, the waste-to-energy (WTE) market and downstream processes such as HydroMOR, hydrogen, char and fertiliser production, all of which have strong prospects as part of our portfolio of technologies in India.
Having formally concluded the previous MOU, the Company has now entered into discussion with both government and private companies who have expressed interest in both pilot plant and commercial projects.
Importantly, the Company is clear on the desired structure for any new partnerships in India, both in terms of likely commercial structures (funding, IP, resources supply, etc) and timeframe.
ECT Chairman Glenn Fozard commented, “The ECT board has made a number of very clear and positive decisions with regard to our continued presence in India. These have been made in light of the current high pace of domestic opportunities as well as the inherent value in our relationships and networks in India. We believe that the current in-country resources, led by P. Selvakumar can and will deliver quantified and implementable opportunities whilst allowing the Australian executive team to focus on near term cashflows and corporate transactions domestically.”
The Company looks forward to providing further updates and requests the current trading halt be lifted effective immediately.
Glenn Fozard – Chairman info@ectltd.com.au
Filed Under: ASX Announcements
← Trading Halt
Shareholder Update – Board Structure & Executive Remuneration →
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China: Man fined for driving 3 trucks stacked together down freeway
By Serenitie Wang, for CNN
(CNN) In a stunt that gives new meaning to the phrase traffic pile-up, a Chinese man has been fined for driving three trucks stacked together down a freeway, state broadcaster CCTV reported.
Not amused, officers of the Chinese highway patrol in the northern province of Shanxi pulled over the unidentified driver and handed him a ticket for overloading his vehicle.
According to CCTV, the driver came up with the scheme to avoid the exorbitant cost of transporting three trucks.
However, his plan didn't work out too well. In addition to a $30 (200 yuan) fine and a one-point penalty on his driving license, he was ordered to ship the trucks individually to their destination.
Pictures of the piled up vehicles have gone viral since CCTV uploaded them to its official Weibo social media account, where commenters have reacted with equal parts glee and shock.
One poster described it as a "a ménage à trucks" while another thought the punishment was too light: "Only one penalty point for endangering other people's lives on highway?"
China is no stranger to "creative" solutions to shipping large vehicles.
Last November, two small trucks were found loaded with two smaller trucks on the top on a highway in Anhui province. The driver ended up being fined for violating the weight and height limit for highway vehicles.
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15/02/2019 Health Canterbury District Health Board Canterbury Wellbeing Survey.
25/01/2019 Scientific University of Auckland Research into public attitudes, health & wellbeing, and political behaviour, and how these may be changing over time.
17/12/2018 Scientific Oranga Tamariki Research into New Zealanders' beliefs, opinions, attitudes and behaviour regarding child and youth vulnerability and wellbeing.
15/11/2018 Health University of Otago Health research with regard to tuberculosis.
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1/10/2108 Scientific Ministry for Primary Industries Attitudes towards climate change survey.
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15/08/2018 Scientific Queenstown Lakes District Council Quality of life survey.
31/07/2018 Scientific University of Auckland Research with regard to how the New Zealand population understand, practice and perceive religion.
20/6/2018 Health University of Otago The Dunedin Study longitudinal research study.
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29/05/2018 Scientific Victoria University Social science research to determine the extent to which different electoral systems provide accurate representation of minorities and otherwise under-represented groups.
11/05/2018 Health University of Auckland Health research into unconscious bias in health teaching and research in New Zealand.
10/05/2018 Health University of Auckland The New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study.
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19/01/2018 Health Canterbury District Health Board Wellbeing Survey focusing on understanding residents' quality of life, whether there are any gaps in the recovery services being offered, what the primary earthquake related stressors in the region are, and understanding how engaged residents are with the different phases of recovery.
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15/12/2016 Health University of Canterbury Health study into the usage and purchasing habits with regard to dietary supplements and natural health products.
25/11/2016 Health Massey University Investigating barriers to the usability of Housing Health Improvement services to improve New Zealanders' health.
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10/10/2016 Scientific Otago Regional Council Scientific research to investigate resident's attitudes and beliefs on water and water bodies in Otago.
16/09/2016 Health University of Canterbury Health research into the role of xenoestrogen combinations as breast cancer risk factors.
12/09/2016 Health University of Auckland Research looking at population prevalence of intimate partner violence in New Zealand, documenting the link between intimate partner violence experience and health outcomes and providing an evidence base for government policy development.
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22/08/2016 Health WorkSafe NZ Research programme into workers' and employers’ attitudes and behaviour with regard to health and safety in the work force with a particular focus on high risk sectors.
17/08/2016 Health Canterbury District Health Board Wellbeing Survey focusing on understanding Christchurch residents' quality of life and whether there are any gaps in the recovery services being offered, what the primary earthquake related stressors in the region are, and understanding how engaged residents are with the different phases of earthquake recovery.
05/08/2016 Scientific Auckland University of Technology Study to examine the organisational and personal factors that impact on nurses outcomes within the context of organisational change within the health sector.
02/08/2016 Scientific Māori Television Research on the key indicators to language acquisition and the impact Māori broadcasting has on the revitalisation of te reo Māori.
12/07/2016 Scientific Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment National Consumer Survey research on consumers knowledge and confidence in the consumer protection regulatory system.
01/07/2016 Scientific University of Waikato Research to develop methods and to describe and measure the impact of non-indigenous species on New Zealand's marine bio-diversity.
16/06/2016 Scientific University of Auckland To examine attitudes towards the role of government in New Zealand as part of the 2016 International Social Survey Programme.
15/06/2016 Scientific Victoria University Research into Pakeha oral history/intergenerational family memory.
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18/05/2016 Scientific Auckland Council Survey to provide information on the current status of older people in Auckland to assist with policy, planning and identify gaps in service with regard to transport, housing, employment, healthcare and recreation.
04/05/2016 Health Massey University Research into problem gambling - a study of community level harm from gambling which is funded by the Ministry of Health.
03/05/2016 Health University of Auckland To invite individuals to participate in a human health research project into the rise in oral cancers related to HPV to better understand why this is happening.
02/03/2016 Health Massey University Survey of persons aged 55+ to provide information on issues such as health, work, retirement and housing as part of a biennial Health, Work and Retirement study.
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Home / Entertainment / Katy Perry admits she got sick at her first ever BRIT Awards in 2009
Katy Perry admits she got sick at her first ever BRIT Awards in 2009
in Entertainment 24.02.2017
Katy Perry was sick with a fever and ended up in the bathroom during her first ever BRIT Awards.
Katy Perry, 32, has revealed she was suffering from the flu when she made her debut at the British music ceremony in London in 2009, and was hurled up over the loo for ages before being found by Australian pop beauty Natalia Imbruglia and going on stage to collect her award for International Female Solo Artist, Daily Mail Online reports.
Appearing on Nick Grimshaw’s BBC Radio One Breakfast Show on Wednesday (22.02.17), she spilled: ‘The first time I went to the BRITs I had a flu of maybe 102, and I was so sick and I walked the carpet and they were like “You can’t go home” as they knew I was gonna win, and I was like, “Why am I here, I’m literally dying”.
Guys, one time I had the flu at the Brits in 2009 and… pic.twitter.com/YYuSGp3ZrD
— KATY PERRY (@katyperry) 24 февраля 2017 г.
‘I went to the girls bathroom and went under a credenza and Natalie Imbruglia pulled up the curtain and was like, “Are you alright babe?” and I was shivering with cold sweats and was like, “I’m supposed to be here at the BRITs, I think I’m getting an award.” ‘I had to stay and get the award and I just went straight to bed. It was tragic, it was my only connection with the BRITs.’ The pop star returned to the ceremony on Wednesday, where she performed her brand new single Chained to the Rhythm.
✨#Versace…on the floor #thebrits2017 #chainedtotherhythm✨ Публикация от KATY PERRY (@katyperry) Фев 22 2017 в 3:57 PST
Katy said she finds it nerve-wrecking performing in front of her peers, especially Beyonce.
She said: ‘TV performances are my Achilles heel, because obviously I see my peers who I admire sitting in the audience, and I’m like “I’ll never be Beyonce, I’m just less than Beyonce.”
‘I’m me in my own way and I love being me, but shoot, Beyonce is so much better than everyone else, so it’s hard performing sometimes.’
Katy literally brought the house down as she performed her new track Chained To The Rhythm with Skip Marley during the awards show.
A makeshift housing estate moved to the sound of the beat as Katy roamed between dancers inside the pop-up buildings.
Giant skeletons dressed as Donald Trump and Theresa May, after the Prime Minister’s recent visit to the US, were introduced later on in the performance, with their operators skilfully propelling them to the centre of the stage.
Katy’s performance wasn’t quite incident free, however, as one of her backing dancers walked straight off the stage with their view seemingly impaired by the house which they were within.
2017 BRIT Awards BRIT Awards Brits Katy Perry Katy Perry Instagram 2017-02-24
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Home > Terms > English (EN) > Choice Hotels
Earlier named as Quality Courts United, the hotel chain Choice Hotel International was founded in the year 1939 in Maryland, United States. Its headquarters is at Silver Spring in Maryland. It has the spread of about 4000 brands – Quality Inn, Choice Hotels, Comfort Inn, Comfort Suites, Quality, Sleep Inn, Clarion, MainStay Suites, Suburban Extended Stay Hotel, Econo Lodge and Rodeway Inn to name a few. It has more than 6,200 hotels and more than 500,000 rooms in more than 30 countries and territories. This company's total revenue is nearly 642 million US dollars. They claim to have a rich history of innovation as they were the first in the industry to introduce guarantee reservations, telephones inn every room, 24-hours desk service and much more.
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The British snowboarder Billy Morgan has landed the sport’s first ever 1800 quadruple cork. The rider, who represented Great Britain in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, was in Livigno, Italy, when he achieved the man-oeuvre. It involves flipping four times, while body also spins with five complete rotations on a sideways or downward-facing axis. The trick ...
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The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is an international financial institution established to address the need in Asia for infrastructure development. According to the Asian Development Bank, Asia needs $800 billion each year for roads, ports, power plants or other infrastructure projects before 2020. Originally proposed by China in 2013, a signing ...
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Cream soda
For other uses, see Cream soda (disambiguation).
A cream soda served with ice cream
Cream soda (also known as creme soda) is a sweet soft drink. Generally flavored with vanilla and based on the taste of an ice cream soda, a wide range of variations can be found worldwide.
1 History and development
2 International variations
2.1 North and South America
2.1.3 Caribbean and Latin America
2.2.2 New Zealand
2.3.2 Ireland
2.3.4 Finland
2.5 Africa
History and development[edit]
A recipe for cream soda written by E. M. Sheldon and published in Michigan Farmer in 1852 called for water, cream of tartar (Potassium bitartrate), Epsom salts, sugar, egg, and milk, to be mixed, then heated, and mixed when cool with water and a quarter teaspoonful of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) to make an effervescent drink. It was suggested as a temperance drink preferable to those of "Uncle Bacchus" and in compliance with the recently introduced Maine law.[1]
Alexander C. Howell, of Vienna, New Jersey, was granted a patent for "cream soda-water" on June 27, 1865. Howell's cream soda-water was made with sodium bicarbonate, water, sugar, egg whites, wheat flour, and "any of the usual flavoring materials—such as oil of lemon, extracts of vanilla, pine-apple, to suit the taste". Before drinking, the cream soda-water was mixed with water and an acid such as tartaric acid or citric acid.[2] In Canada, James William Black of Berwick, Nova Scotia was granted a U.S. patent on December 8, 1885, and a Canadian patent on July 5, 1886, for "ice-cream soda".[3][4] Black's ice-cream soda, which contained whipped egg whites, sugar, lime juice, lemons, citric acid, flavoring, and bicarbonate of soda,[5] was a concentrated syrup that could be reconstituted into an effervescent beverage by adding ordinary ice water.[4]
International variations[edit]
North and South America[edit]
United States[edit]
In the United States, cream soda is often vanilla-flavored and is either clear or colored a light golden brown, but red, pink, orange, and blue are relatively common variants. In some places in the U.S. where it is made on location, especially in cafes, cream soda consists of soda water, vanilla syrup, and cream or half and half.
Popular brands include:
AriZona Soda Shaq
A-Treat Cream Soda
A&W Vanilla Cream Soda
Barq's Red Creme Soda
Boylan's Creme Vanilla
Big Shot Cream Soda (New Orleans area)
Canfield's Swiss Creme (mainly in the Chicago area)
Dad's Cream Soda
Dr Pepper Vanilla Float
Dr Pepper Cream Soda
Dr. Brown's (mainly in the New York City area, but also kosher delicatessens across the country)
Foxon Park (mainly in Connecticut)
Hosmer Mountain (mainly in Connecticut)
Henry Weinhard's Cream Soda
Jones Soda
Jelly Belly French Vanilla Cream Soda
Mug Cream Soda
Original New York Seltzer Vanilla Cream Soda
Polar Beverages Cream Soda
Shasta Creme Soda
SodaStream Cream Soda Syrup
Sprecher Brewery
Vess (Old St. Louis variety that is a deep pink)
Virgil's Cream Soda
Wegmans Cream Soda
White Rock Beverages
Another variety is referred to as Italian cream soda. Despite the name, this drink originated in the US, not in Italy. The name is due to it being a form of Italian soda. Italian cream soda is usually a mixture of carbonated water, vanilla syrup, and added half and half or cream. Ratios vary widely, but the taste is usually that of sweetened, flavored milk.
Canada[edit]
In Canada, cream soda is mostly pink (except in Quebec and Newfoundland, where it is sold clear). Some brands, such as Fanta, market a colourless version. Many brands have a long-lasting, foamy head.
Brands include:
Barq's Cream Soda - colourless
Big 8 Cream Soda
Cott Cream Soda
Kiri Cream Soda – colourless
President's Choice (Loblaws)
Walmart Canada – US-style vanilla flavour
Some American brands are available in Canada as imports.
Caribbean and Latin America[edit]
Cream soda is usually served as a "red pop", particularly Fanta's Red Cream Soda.
Crema Soda (El Salvador)
DG Soft Drink Cream Soda (Jamaica)
Frescolita (Venezuela) - a bubble gum-flavored soda
Solo Beverage Company (Trinidad)
ToniCol (Mexico) – a naturally flavored vanilla soda
Oceania[edit]
Australia[edit]
Bundaberg Burgundee Creaming Soda
In Australia, two distinctly different flavored sodas exist. Creamy soda or brown cream soda is vanilla flavored, whereas creaming soda generally refers to a pink soft drink with fruit and berry flavors produced by Kirks, Bundaberg, and Bickford's,[6] among other brands. Another local variant produced by Golden Circle is vanilla and fruit-flavored, and colored yellow to distinguish it from existing brands.[7] More traditional brown varieties are also available, but less common. Brands include Kirks' Sno Drop (only available in South Australia, Victoria, and the Northern Territory), Tarax, River Port, Saxby's, Bert's Snowette (the original recipe of Shelley's Snowcap before the line was acquired) and Schweppes, which also produce a red variety as part of its "Traditionals" range. The term "creaming soda" is generally used to refer to the drink itself, the combination of soda and ice-cream is called a spider.
New Zealand[edit]
This is known as creaming soda, ice cream soda, chill drink, or cream soda, though the flavor changes are negligible. It is usually a bright yellow color or a white opaque. It is one of the many flavors sold by Foxton Fizz. It is also one of the many carbonated drink-flavors offered by Golden Circle.
Europe[edit]
Netherlands[edit]
A brand called UGGO is being sold in the Netherlands. There is a wide variety of tastes available. Asian (especially Chinese) supermarkets also sell Schweppes Cream Soda, which is imported from Hong Kong. A&W is also being sold in some supermarkets.[citation needed]
Ireland[edit]
Ireland has a brand of cream soda called Country Spring.
United Kingdom[edit]
In the UK, A.G. Barr, Ben Shaw's (a Cott brand), and DG Jamaica manufacture their own brands of cream soda, and many supermarkets sell it under their respective own brands.
Finland[edit]
A brand called Sun'n Cream Soda is made by Finnish brewery Nokian Panimo. They also have a variation called Orange Cream Soda, with a hint of orange taste.
Asia[edit]
Hale's Blue Boy Cream Soda Syrup
In Hong Kong, the Swire Coca-Cola Company markets a yellow Schweppes Cream Soda. Some people enjoy cream soda in a 1:1 ratio with fresh milk.
In Japan, "cream soda" (クリームソーダ) is a term used for an ice cream float made with melon-flavored soda(メロンソーダ) topped with a scoop of vanilla ice cream.
Japanese style cream soda
In Malaysia, the F&N or Fraser and Neave brand makes a clear ice cream soda.
Pakistan's popular brand is Pakola Ice Cream Soda, which is green in color.
In Sri Lanka, Elephant House Cream Soda is the most popular soft drink. Meanwhile, Coca-Cola Beverages Sri Lanka launched their newest flavor, Fanta Cream Soda, in July 2009.
In Thailand, Hale's Trading produces Hale's Blue Boy Brand Cream Soda Flavoured Syrup, a green colored, rose/floral flavored cordial. This is mixed 1 part to 4 parts water/soda water to get a cream soda drink, very similar to the South African Creme Soda, or is used as a flavoring in their shaved-ice deserts. This syrup is sold worldwide in some Asian food stores. Additionally, PepsiCo's division in Thailand produces a green, cream-flavored soda under their brand name Mirinda.
In some Arabian countries, Canada Dry offers a cream soda flavor.
Africa[edit]
Sparletta Creme Soda
In South Africa, Eswatini, and Zimbabwe, cream soda is sold under the label Sparletta Creme Soda, a product of the Coca-Cola company. It is green in color.
Drink portal
List of brand name soft drinks products
List of soft drink flavors
^ "Receipts". Michigan Farmer. X (6): 183. June 1852.
^ US 48405, Howell, Alexander C., "Improved Beverage", issued 1865-06-27
^ CA 24012, Black, James William, "Ice Cream Soda", issued 1886-05-10 (Patent information at CIPO).
^ a b US 332134, Black, James William, "Ice-cream Soda", issued 1885-12-08 "This invention relates to a new confectionery composition or sirup for conveniently and economically making, as desired, a refreshing beverage called "ice-cream soda." The ingredients used in the beverage, except the ice-water, are combined in a concentrated form and bottled for use, so that as occasion demands it may be quickly mixed with ice-water to form an effervescent, refreshing, and healthful drink."
^ Mario Theriault, Great Maritime Inventions 1833–1950, Goose Lane Editions, Fredericton, New Brunswick, 2001, p. 19.
^ [1] Archived October 23, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Golden Circle Creaming Soda". seniorchem.com. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
A&W Cream Soda
Pakola
ToniCol
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cream_soda&oldid=1001894335"
Articles with unsourced statements from August 2011
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(Redirected from Thinks)
All that we are is the result of what we have thought: it is founded on our thoughts, it is made up of our thoughts. If a man speaks or acts with an evil thought, pain follows him, as the wheel follows the foot of the ox that draws the carriage… If a man speaks or acts with a pure thought, happiness follows him, like a shadow that never leaves him. ~ Gautama Buddha
In every epoch of the world, the great event, parent of all others, is it not the arrival of a Thinker in the world? ~ Thomas Carlyle
Every true thinker for himself is so far like a monarch; he is absolute, and recognises nobody above him. His judgments, like the decrees of a monarch, spring from his own sovereign power and proceed directly from himself. ~ Arthur Schopenhauer
Thought can refer to the ideas or arrangements of ideas that result from thinking, the act of producing thoughts, or the process of producing thoughts. Despite the fact that thought is a fundamental human activity familiar to everyone, there is no generally accepted agreement as to what thought is or how it is created. Thoughts are the result or product of spontaneous acts of thinking.
Arranged alphabetically by author or source:
The fact that a thought occurs at a given moment does not entail that any other thought has occurred at any other moment, still less that there has occurred a series of thoughts sufficient to constitute a single self. ~ Alfred Jules Ayer
He who thinks little, errs much. ~ Leonardo da Vinci
Upon the cunning loom of thought
We weave our fancies, so and so.
Thomas Bailey Aldrich, "Cloth of Gold", line 3, in The Ballad of Babie Bell and Other Poems (New York: Rudd & Carleton, 1856), p. 19
Sempre il miglior non è il parer primiero.
First thoughts are not always the best.
Vittorio Alfieri, Don Garzia, III, 1; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Thought is something limitless and independent, and has been mixed with no thing but is alone by itself. ... What was mingled with it would have prevented it from having power over anything in the way in which it does. ... For it is the finest of all things and the purest.
Anaxagoras, Fragment B12, in Jonathan Barnes, Early Greek Philosophy (1984), p. 190.
There are no dangerous thoughts for the simple reason that thinking itself is such a dangerous enterprise.
Hannah Arendt, interview with Roger Errera (October 1973), broadcast on Un Certain Regard (6 July 1974), ORTF TV, France. Published as "The Last Interview" in the Hannah Arendt Newsletter #2 (December 1999) and Hannah Arendt: The Last Interview and Other Conversations (Brooklyn: Melvin House, 2013).
Widely paraphrased as "There are no dangerous thoughts; thinking itself is dangerous."
The kings of modern thought are dumb.
Matthew Arnold, Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
"I exist" does not follow from "there is a thought now." The fact that a thought occurs at a given moment does not entail that any other thought has occurred at any other moment, still less that there has occurred a series of thoughts sufficient to constitute a single self. As Hume conclusively showed, no one event intrinsically points to any other. We infer the existence of events which we are not actually observing, with the help of general principle. But these principles must be obtained inductively. By mere deduction from what is immediately given we cannot advance a single step beyond. And, consequently, any attempt to base a deductive system on propositions which describe what is immediately given is bound to be a failure.
Alfred Jules Ayer, in Language, Truth, and Logic (1936), p. 47
Think about the great thinkers of our time and those times before and in antiquity. Think about Aristotle, Plato and Socrates and Maimonides and Pythagoras, Heraclitus and Rodin and George Washington Carver and Booker T. Washington and Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Edison and Oprah Winfrey and those liberation thinkers like Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth and Marcus Garvey and Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr., Nelson Mandela. Think about it my brothers and sisters, Cesar Chavez and George Washington Carver and Booker T Washington, Adam Clayton Powell ectera. Think about them! They were [thinkers]. Pitful our generation and our people today. Here it is 2008, and we're worse off now than we've ever been because our young people do not have the ability to — Think about it! How pitiful we are, here they are on drugs, on heroin, on cocaine, alcoholics. Here they are at the disposal of these kingpins and ectera, because they can't. Here they are making gangs families because they can't.
Archbishop LeRoy Bailey, Sr., in a sermon entitled "An Abundant Overflowing Thought" (24 Feburary 2008)
Great thoughts, like great deeds, need
No trumpet.
Philip James Bailey, Festus (1813), scene Home
The immense majority of individuals, not only among the ignorant masses but also among the civilized and privileged classes, think and want only what everybody else around them thinks and wants. They doubtlessly believe that they think for themselves, but they are only slavishly repeating by rote, with slight modifications, the thoughts and aims of the other conformists which they imperceptibly absorb. This servility, this routine, this perennial absence of the will to revolt and this lack of initiative and independence of thought are the principle causes for the slow, desolate historical development of humanity.
Mikhail Bakunin, "Man, Society, and Freedom" (1871)
And thus daily, and month by month, and year by year, he will work at his mind, training it in these consecutive habits of thought, and he will learn to choose that of which he thinks; he will no longer allow thoughts to come and go; he will no longer permit a thought to grip him and hold him; he will no longer let a thought come into the mind and fix itself there and decline to be evicted; he will be master within his own house... he will say: “No; no such anxiety shall remain within my mind; no such thought shall have shelter within my mind; within this mind nothing stays that is not there by my choice and my invitation, and that which comes uninvited shall be turned outside the limits of my mind.
Annie Besant, in In the Outer Court (1895)
Qui sait si l'on ne verra pas que le phosphore et l'esprit vont ensemble?
Who knows whether it is not true that phosphorus and mind are not the same thing?
Henri Beyle (Stendhal), Histoire de la Peinture en Italie, Chapter XCI, p. 209. (Ed. 1854); Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Sow a thought and reap an act.
Quoted by G. D. Boardman, as reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
All that we are is the result of what we have thought: it is founded on our thoughts, it is made up of our thoughts. If a man speaks or acts with an evil thought, pain follows him, as the wheel follows the foot of the ox that draws the carriage… If a man speaks or acts with a pure thought, happiness follows him, like a shadow that never leaves him.
Gautama Buddha, The Dhammapada
Thought is valuable in proportion as it is generative.
Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Caxtoniana, Essay XIV; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
The first thought is often the best.
Bishop Butler, Sermon on the Character of Balaam, Seventh Sermon; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
What exile from himself can flee?
To zones, though more and more remote,
Still, still pursues, where'er I be,
The blight of life—the demon Thought.
Lord Byron, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, To Inez, Canto I (1812), Stanza 84, line 6
I stood
Among them, but not of them: in a shroud
Of thoughts which were not their thoughts.
Lord Byron, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, Canto III (1816), Stanza 113
Whatsoe'er thy birth,
Thou wert a beautiful thought and softly bodied forth.
Lord Byron, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, Canto IV (1818), Stanza 115
The power of Thought,—the magic of the Mind!
Lord Byron, The Corsair (1814), Canto I, Stanza 8
If you are not a thinking man, to what purpose are you a man at all? In like manner, there is one knowledge, which it is every man's interest and duty to acquire, namely, self-knowledge: or to what end was man alone, of all animals, endued by the Creator with the faculty of self-consciousness? ~ Samuel Taylor Coleridge
If one learns from others but does not think, one is still at a loss. If, on the other hand, one thinks but does not learn from others, one is in peril. ~ Confucius
Nay, in every epoch of the world, the great event, parent of all others, is it not the arrival of a Thinker in the world?
Thomas Carlyle, Heroes and Hero Worship (1840), Lecture I
Thought once awakened does not again slumber.
My thoughts ran a wool-gathering.
Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote (1605-15), Part II, Chapter LVII
There is a thought that stops thought. That is the only thought that ought to be stopped.
G. K. Chesterton, Orthodoxy (1908), Chapter III
With curious art the brain, too finely wrought,
Preys on herself, and is destroyed by thought.
Charles Churchill, Epistle to William Hogarth, line 645; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Cujusvis hominis est errare; nullius, nisi insipientis, in errore perseverare. Posteriores enim cogitationes (ut aiunt) sapientiores solent esse.
Any man may make a mistake; none but a fool will stick to it. Second thoughts are best as the proverb says.
Cicero, Philippicæ, XII. 2; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Old things need not be therefore true,
O brother men, nor yet the new;
Ah! still awhile the old thought retain,
And yet consider it again!
Arthur Hugh Clough, Ah, yet Consider it Again; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90.
Perhaps 'tis pretty to force together
Thoughts so all unlike each other;
To mutter and mock a broken charm,
To dally with wrong that does no harm.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Christabel (c. 1797-1801, published 1816). Conclusion to Part II
Reader! — You have been bred in a land abounding with men, able in arts, learning, and knowledges manifold, this man in one, this in another, few in many, none in all. But there is one art, of which every man should be'master, the art of reflection. If you are not a thinking man, to what purpose are you a man at all? In like manner, there is one knowledge, which it is every man's interest and duty to acquire, namely, self-knowledge: or to what end was man alone, of all animals, endued by the Creator with the faculty of self-consciousness?
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Aids to Reflection (1854), p. xlvii
The Master [Confucius] said, "If one learns from others but does not think, one is still at a loss. If, on the other hand, one thinks but does not learn from others, one is in peril."
Confucius, The Analects (475 BC – 221BC), II, 15
Chi Wen Tzu always thought three times before taking action. When the Master was told of this, he commented, "Twice is quite enough."
Confucius, The Analects (475 BC – 221 BC), V, 20
The Master said, "I once spent all day thinking without taking food and all night thinking without going to bed, but I found that I gained nothing from it. It would have been better for me to have spent the time in learning."
Confucius, The Analects (475 BC – 221 BC), XV, 31
In indolent vacuity of thought.
William Cowper, The Task (1785), Book IV. The Winter Evening, line 297
So, to me how precious your thoughts are! O God, how much does the grand sum of them amount to! Were I to try to count them, they are more than even the grains of sand. I have awaked, and yet I am still with you.
David, Book of Psalms, 139:17-18 (NWT).
Chi poco pensa, molto erra.
He who thinks little, errs much.
The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (1883), XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations.
Je pense, donc je suis.
Cogito ergo sum.
I think, therefore I am.
Rene Descartes, Principes de la Philosophie, I, Section VII; Cogito, ergo sum (Latin of same); Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
The ground or basis for a belief is deliberately sought and its adequacy to support the belief examined. This process is called reflective thought: it alone is truly educative in value, and it forms accordingly the principal subject of this volume.
John Dewey Introduction to "How We Think" 1910, Boston: D.C. Heath & Co. http://rci.rutgers.edu/~tripmcc/phil/dewey-hwt-pt1-selections.pdf
Second thoughts, they say, are best.
John Dryden, The Spanish Friar, Act II, scene 2. Euripides, Hippolytus, 438; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
He trudg'd along, unknowing what he sought,
And whistled as he went, for want of thought.
John Dryden, Cymon and Iphigenia (1700), line 84
No matter how much you think, you won’t know.
Only when you stop thinking will you know.
But still, you have to depend on thinking so as to know.
Ajaan Dune, Gifts He Left Behind, The Dhamma Legacy of Phra Ajaan Dune Atulo (Phra Rājavuḍḍhācariya), as compiled by Phra Rājavaraguṇa, as translated from the Thai by Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu
However closely we may associate thought with the physical machinery of the brain, the connection is dropped as irrelevant as soon as we consider the fundamental property of thought—that it may be correct or incorrect. ...that involves recognising a domain of the other type of law—laws which ought to be kept, but may be broken.
Arthur Eddington, Science and the Unseen World (1929)
For thoughts are so great—aren't they, sir?
They seem to lie upon us like a deep flood.
George Eliot, Adam Bede, Chapter VIII; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Our growing thought
Makes growing revelation.
George Eliot, Spanish Gypsy (1868), Book II; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
The revelation of thought takes men out of servitude into freedom.
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Conduct of Life, Fate; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Every thought which genius and piety throw into the world, alters the world.
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Essays, Of Politics; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Great men are they who see that spiritual is stronger than any material force, that thoughts rule the world.
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Letters and Social Aims (1876), Progress of Culture
Thought is the seed of action; but action is as much its second form as thought is its first.
Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Art", in Society and Solitude (1870)
Be not troubled by the wanderings of your imagination which you cannot restrain. How often do we wander through the fear of wandering and the regret that we have done so. What would you say of a traveler who, instead of constantly advancing in his journey, should employ his time in anticipating the falls he might suffer, or in weeping over the place where one had happened?
François Fénelon; reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 582
So here is your definition of thinking. It is the manipulation of memories.
Rudolf Flesch, The Art of Clear Thinking (1951), concluding sentences of ch. 1. New York: Collier Books, 1962, p. 23
Our first principles, our basic ideas, are those most intimately tied up with our personality, with the emotional make-up we have inherited or acquired. Detached, impersonal thinking is almost impossible; it hardly ever happens.
Rudolf Flesch, The Art of Clear Thinking (1951), ch. 21. New York: Collier Books, 1962, p. 224
I'll put that in my considering cap.
John Fletcher, The Loyal Subject, (licensed 16 November 1618; revised c. 1633; published 1647), Act II, scene 1
We must free ourselves from the sacralization of the social as the only reality and stop regarding as superfluous something so essential in human life and human relations as thought.
Michel Foucault, “Practicing criticism, or, is it really important to think?”, interview by Didier Eribon, May 30-31, 1981, in Politics, Philosophy, Culture, ed. L. Kriztman (1988), p. 155
Thinking is a momentary dismissal of irrelevancies.
Buckminster Fuller, Utopia or Oblivion : The Prospects of Humanity (1969)
People should think things out fresh and not just accept conventional terms and the conventional way of doing things.
Buckminster Fuller, as quoted in The Peter Plan: A Proposal for Survival (1977) by Laurence J. Peter
We are powerfully imprisoned in these Dark Ages simply by the terms in which we have been conditioned to think.
Buckminster Fuller, Cosmography (1992)
Every thought willingly contemplated, ever word meaningly spoken, every action freely done, consolidates itself in the character, and will project itself onward in a permanent continuity.
Henry Giles; reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 582
[Steven Spielberg's films] are comforting, they always give you answers and I don't think they're very clever answers. … The success of most Hollywood films these days is down to fact that they're comforting. They tie things up in nice little bows and give you answers, even if the answers are stupid, you go home and you don't have to think about it. … The great filmmakers make you go home and think about it.
Terry Gilliam Interview to TCM comparing the work of Steven Spielberg and Stanley Kubrick (2009)
Wer kann was Dummes, wer was Kluges denken,
Das nicht die Vorwelt schon gedacht.
Who can think wise or stupid things at all that were not thought already in the past.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Faust, II, 2, 1; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Those who think must govern those that toil.
Oliver Goldsmith, The Traveller (1764), line 372; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Thoughts that breathe and words that burn.
Thomas Gray, Progress of Poesy, III. 3, line 4; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Their own second and sober thoughts.
Matthew Henry, Exposition. Job VI. 29; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
What do such machines really do? They increase the number of things we can do without thinking. Things we do without thinking — there's the real danger.
Frank Herbert, God Emperor of Dune
I say that conceit is just as natural a thing to human minds as a centre is to a circle. But little-minded people's thoughts move in such small circles that five minutes' conversation gives you an arc long enough to determine their whole curve. An arc in the movement of a large intellect does not sensibly differ from a straight line. Even if it have the third vowel ['I', the first-person pronoun] as its centre, it does not soon betray it. The highest thought, that is, is the most seemingly impersonal; it does not obviously imply any individual centre.
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table (1858), Chapter I
A thought is often original, though you have uttered it a hundred times.
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table (1858), Chapter I
Why can't somebody give us a list of things that everybody thinks and nobody says, and another list of things that everybody says and nobody thinks?
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., The Professor at the Breakfast Table (1859), Chapter VI
Every man who speaks out loud and clear is tinting the "Zeitgeist." Every man who expresses what he honestly thinks is true is changing the Spirit of the Times. Thinkers help other people to think, for they formulate what others are thinking. No person writes or thinks alone—thought is in the air, but its expression is necessary to create a tangible Spirit of the Times.
Elbert Hubbard, Pig-Pen Pete, The Bee; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Descartes was far more subtle about mind-and-body interactions than many crude commentators admit, but he was right that thoughts don't seem to take up any room, not even in one's head. What are they? No one knows. No one really knows what a thought is. It must involve the chemicals and the synapses, of course, but how do the words and pictures come into it?
Siri Hustvedt, The Blazing World (2014), "Harriet Burden: Notebook T". London: Sceptre, 2014, p. 356
Thought must be divided against itself before it can come to any knowledge of itself.
Aldous Huxley, in "Wordsworth in the Tropics", in Do What You Will (1929)
Today's banalities apparently gain in profundity if one states that the wisdom of the past, for all its virtues, belongs to the past. The arrogance of those who come later preens itself with the notion that the past is dead and gone. … The modern mind can no longer think thought, only can locate it in time and space. The activity of thinking decays to the passivity of classifying.
Russell Jacoby, Social Amnesia (1975), p. 1
My thoughts and I were of another world.
Ben Jonson, Every Man Out of His Humour, Act III, scene 3; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
That fellow seems to me to possess but one idea, and that is a wrong one.
Samuel Johnson, reported in Boswell's Life of Johnson (1770)
Have the courage to use your own intelligence! ~ Immanuel Kant
Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the guidance of another. Such immaturity is self-caused if it is not caused by lack of intelligence, but by lack of determination and courage to use one's intelligence without being guided by another. Sapere Aude! Have the courage to use your own intelligence!
Immanuel Kant, "What is Enlightenment" (1784)
Sudden a thought came like a full-blown rose,
Flushing his brow.
John Keats, The Eve of St. Agnes, Stanza 16; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
All existential problems are passionate problems, for when existence is interpenetrated with reflection, it generates passion. To think about existential problems in such a way as to leave out the passion is tantamount to not thinking about them at all, since it is to forget the point, which is that the thinker himself is an existing individual.
Kierkegaard, Concluding Unscientific Postscript, p. 313
The history of human thought recalls the swinging of a pendulum which takes centuries to swing. After a long period of slumber comes a moment of awakening. Then thought frees herself from the chains with which those interested — rulers, lawyers, clerics — have carefully enwound her.
She shatters the chains. She subjects to severe criticism all that has been taught her, and lays bare the emptiness of the religious political, legal, and social prejudices amid which she has vegetated. She starts research in new paths, enriches our knowledge with new discoveries, creates new sciences.
Peter Kropotkin, in Anarchist Morality (1890)
It is amazing how much a thought expands and refines by being put into speech: I should think it could hardly know itself.
Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Romance and Reality (1831), Vol. II, Chapter 14
[T]hought is so little incompatible with organized matter, that it seems to be one of its properties on a par with electricity, the faculty of motion, impenetrability, extentension, etc.
Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (1747)
Where all think alike, no one thinks very much.
Walter Lippmann, The Stakes of Diplomacy (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1915), p. 51
The thoughts that come often unsought, and, as it were, drop into the mind, are commonly the most valuable of any we have, and therefore should be secured, because they seldom return again.
John Locke, letter to Mr. Samuel Bold, May 16, 1699; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
A thought often makes us hotter than a fire.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Drift-Wood, Table-Talk; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
The surest pledge of a deathless name
Is the silent homage of thoughts unspoken.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Herons of Elmwood, Stanza 9; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
My own thoughts
Are my companions.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Masque of Pandora, Part III, Tower of Prometheus on Mount Caucasus; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Thoughts so sudden, that they seem
The revelations of a dream.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Prelude to Tales of a Wayside Inn, Part I, line 233; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
All thoughts that mould the age begin
Deep down within the primitive soul.
James Russell Lowell, An Incident in a Railroad Car; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
A penny for your thought.
John Lyly, Euphues. Swift, Polite Conversation, Introduction; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
In class society, everyone lives as a member of a particular class, and every kind of thinking, without exception, is stamped with the brand of a class.
Mao Zedong, Quotations from Chairman Mao, Chapter 2
Annihilating all that's made
To a green thought in a green shade.
Andrew Marvell, The Garden. Translated; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
No brain is stronger than its weakest think.
Thomas L. Masson, Laughs (1926), p. 167
Grand Thoughts that never can be wearied out,
Showing the unreality of Time.
Richard Monckton Milnes (Lord Houghton), Sonnet To Charles Lamb; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Thoughts that voluntary move
Harmonious numbers.
John Milton, Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book III, line 37
What is the difference between merely knowing (or remembering, or memorizing) and understanding? We all agree that to understand something, we must know what it means... A thing or idea seems meaningful only when we have several different ways to represent it–different perspectives and different associations. Then we can turn it around in our minds, so to speak: however it seems at the moment, we can see it another way and we never come to a full stop. In other words, we can 'think' about it. If there were only one way to represent this thing or idea, we would not call this representation thinking.
Marvin Minsky, "Music, Mind, and Meaning" (1981)
Most of the time you're better off to think whatever you want to, bite your tongue and keep it to yourself. Other times, if you don't, it may cost you dearly to say it aloud.
Roger Willis Mitchell, Sr., Trooper Tales: Plus Other Bizarre, Odd and Funny Stories (2003), p. 52
Ohne Phosphor kein Gedanke.
No thought without phosphorus.
Jacob Moleschott, Lehre der Nahrungsmittel, II. 1. 4; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
His thoughts have a high aim, though their dwelling be in the vale of a humble heart.
Montaigne; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
It is often said that second thoughts are best. So they are in matters of judgment, but not in matters of conscience. In matters of duty, first thoughts are commonly best. They have more in them of the voice of God.
John Henry Newman, Parochial and Plain Sermons: Volume IV (1838), Sermon 2
For it is the same thing that can be thought and that can be.
Parmenides frag. B 3, quoted by Plotinus, Enneads V, i.8
In human affairs, all that endures is what men think.
Isabel Paterson, The God of the Machine (1943)
Man is but a reed, the weakest in nature, but he is a thinking reed.
Blaise Pascal, Thoughts, Chapter II. 10; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Man is but a reed, the most feeble thing in nature, but he is a thinking reed. The entire universe need not arm itself to crush him. A vapor, a drop of water suffices to kill him. But, if the universe were to crush him, man would still be more noble than that which killed him, because he knows that he dies and the advantage which the universe has over him; the universe knows nothing of this.
All our dignity consists then in thought. By it we must elevate ourselves, and not by space and time which we cannot fill. Let us endeavor to think well; this is the principle of morality.
Blaise Pascal, Pensées, #347, W. F. Trotter, trans. (New York: 1958)
Thought can wing its way
Swifter than lightning-flashes or the beam
That hastens on the pinions of the morn.
James Gates Percival, "Sonnet", Clio, No. I (1822), p. 30
"You damn sadist!" said mr. cummings,
"you try to make people think."
Ezra Pound, The Cantos, Canto 89 (1956)
As he thinketh in his heart, so is he.
Proverbs, XXIII. 7; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Gaily I lived as ease and nature taught,
And spent my little life without a thought,
And am amazed that Death, that tyrant grim,
Should think of me, who never thought of him.
Abbé Regnier; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
We all have a tendency to think that the world must conform to our prejudices. The opposite view involves some effort of thought, and most people would die sooner than think — in fact they do so.
Bertrand Russell, The ABC of Relativity (1925), p. 166
The greater part of humanity is too much harassed and fatigued by the struggle with want, to rally itself for a new and sterner struggle with error. Satisfied if they themselves can escape from the hard labour of thought, they willingly abandon to others the guardianship of their thoughts. ~ Friedrich Schiller
Learning to see the structures within which we operate begins a process of freeing ourselves from previously unseen forces and ultimately mastering the ability to work with them and change them. ~ Peter Senge
Sweetest mother, I can weave no more to-day,
For thoughts of him come thronging,
Him for whom my heart is longing—
For I know not where my weary fingers stray.
Sappho, Fragment. J. S. Easby-Smith's translation; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
At Learning's fountain it is sweet to drink,
But 'tis a nobler privilege to think.
John Godfrey Saxe, The Library; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
The greater part of humanity is too much harassed and fatigued by the struggle with want, to rally itself for a new and sterner struggle with error. Satisfied if they themselves can escape from the hard labour of thought, they willingly abandon to others the guardianship of their thoughts.
Friedrich Schiller, The Aesthetic Education of Man, Eighth Letter
Es lebt ein anders denkendes Geschlecht!
There lives a race which otherwise does think.
Friedrich Schiller, Wilhelm Tell, II. 1. 206; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
It is what a man has thought out directly for himself that alone has true value. Thinkers may be classed as follows: those who, in the first place, think for themselves, and those who think directly for others. The former thinkers are the genuine, they think for themselves in both senses of the word; they are the true philosophers; they alone are in earnest. Moreover, the enjoyment and happiness of their existence consist in thinking. The others are the sophists; they wish to seem, and seek their happiness in what they hope to get from other people; their earnestness consists in this.
Arthur Schopenhauer, “Thinking for Oneself,” H. Dirks, trans.
The characteristic sign of a mind of the highest standard is the directness of its judgment. Everything it utters is the result of thinking for itself; this is shown everywhere in the way it gives expression to its thoughts. Therefore it is, like a prince, an imperial director in the realm of intellect. All other minds are mere delegates, as may be seen by their style, which has no stamp of its own.
Hence every true thinker for himself is so far like a monarch; he is absolute, and recognises nobody above him. His judgments, like the decrees of a monarch, spring from his own sovereign power and proceed directly from himself. He takes as little notice of authority as a monarch does of a command; nothing is valid unless he has himself authorised it. On the other hand, those of vulgar minds, who are swayed by all kinds of current opinions, authorities, and prejudices, are like the people which in silence obey the law and commands.
Still are the thoughts to memory dear.
Walter Scott, Rokeby, Canto I, Stanza 33.; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Learning to see the structures within which we operate begins a process of freeing ourselves from previously unseen forces and ultimately mastering the ability to work with them and change them.
Peter Senge, The Fifth Discipline (1990)
We never think entirely alone; we think in company, in a vast collaboration; we work with the workers of the past and of the present.
Antonin Sertillanges, The Intellectual Life (1920), translated by Mary Ryan. Cork: The Mercier Press, 1948, p. 106
Thinking is conceiving what is.
Ah! comme vous dites, il faut glisser sur bien des pensées, et ne faire pas semblant de les voir.
Ah! as you say, we should slip over many thoughts and act as though we did not perceive them.
Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, Lettres, 70; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Men's first thoughts in this matter are generally better than their second; their natural notions better than those refin'd by study, or consultation with casuists.
Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, Characteristics, Essay on The Freedom of Wit and Humour, Sect. I; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
But now behold,
In the quick forge and working-house of thought,
How London doth pour out her citizens!
William Shakespeare, Henry V (c. 1599), Act V. Prologue, line 22
My thoughts are whirled like a potter's wheel.
William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part I (c. 1588-90), Act I, scene 5, line 19
A maiden hath no tongue but thought.
William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice (late 1590s), Act III, scene 2, line 8
Thought is free.
William Shakespeare; Maria, in Twelfth Night, Act I, scene 3, line 69
A thought by thought is piled, till some great truth
Is loosened, and the nations echo round,
Shaken to their roots, as do the mountains now.
Percy Bysshe Shelley, Prometheus Unbound (1820), Act II, scene 3
Come near me! I do weave
A chain I cannot break—I am possest
With thoughts too swift and strong for one lone human breast.
Percy Bysshe Shelley, Revolt of Islam, Canto IX, Stanza 33; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Second thoughts oftentimes are the very worst of all thoughts.
William Shenstone, Detached Thoughts on Men and Manners; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Strange thoughts beget strange deeds.
Percy Bysshe Shelley, The Cenci (1819), Act IV, scene 4
They are never alone that are accompanied with noble thoughts.
Sir Philip Sidney, The Arcadia, Book I; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
If I could think how these my thoughts to leave,
Or thinking still, my thoughts might have good end:
If rebel sense would reason's law receive;
Or reason foil'd would not in vain contend:
Then might I think what thoughts were best to think:
Then might I wisely swim, or gladly sink.
Sir Philip Sidney, Sonnet; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
We think so because all other people think so;
Or because—or because—after all, we do think so;
Or because we were told so, and think we must think so;
Or because we once thought so, and think we still think so;
Or because, having thought so, we think we will think so.
Henry Sidgwick (1838 – 1900) . Lines which came to him in his sleep. Referred to by Dr. William Osler, Harveian Oration, given in the South Place Magazine (Feb., 1907). Quote reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 419-23. Quote reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 419-23.
Oh, the fetterless mind! how it wandereth free
Through the wildering maze of Eternity!
Henry Smith, Thought; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Thinking is but an idle waste of thought,
And naught is everything, and everything is naught.
Horace and James Smith, Rejected Addresses, Cui Bono? (Imitation of Byron); Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
I never could find any man who could think for two minutes together.
Sydney Smith, Elementary Sketches of Moral Philosophy, delivered at the Royal Institute, 1804–1806, Lecture XIX: "On the Conduct of the Understanding — Part 2". London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans (1850), p. 280
Quick thinkers are not safe ones.
Sophocles, Chorus in Oedipus Rex
Thought can never be compared with action, but when it awakens in us the image of truth.
Anne Louise Germaine de Staël, Germany, Part I, Chapter VIII; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Unreason and anti-intellectualism abominate thought. Thinking implies disagreement; and disagreement implies nonconformity; and nonconformity implies heresy; and heresy implies disloyalty—so, obviously, thinking must be stopped.
Adlai Stevenson, A Call to Greatness (1954), p. 99
Every man has some peculiar train of thought which he falls back upon when he is alone. This, to a great degree, moulds the man.
Dugald Stewart; reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 581
Time to me this truth has taught,
('Tis a treasure worth revealing)
More offend from want of thought
Than from any want of feeling.
Charles Swain, Want of Thought; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
What a man thinks in his spirit in the world, that he does after his departure from the world when he becomes a spirit.
Emanuel Swedenborg, Divine Providence, 101; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Though man a thinking being is defined,
Few use the grand prerogative of mind.
How few think justly of the thinking few!
How many never think, who think they do.
Jane Taylor, Essays in Rhyme, On Morals and Manners, Prejudice, Essay I, Stanza 45; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
In matters of conscience that is the best sense which every wise man takes in before he hath sullied his understanding with the designs of sophisters and interested persons.
Jeremy Taylor, Ductor Dubitantium (Rule of Conscience) (1660), Book I, Chapter I. Rule VI
And Thought leapt out to wed with Thought,
Ere Thought could wed itself with Speech.
Alfred Tennyson, In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849), Part XXIII, Stanza 4
Large elements in order brought,
And tracts of calm from tempest made,
And world-wide fluctuation sway'd,
In vassal tides that follow'd thought.
Alfred Tennyson, In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849), CXII, Stanza 4
Yet I doubt not thro' the ages one increasing purpose runs,
And the thoughts of men are widened with the process of the suns.
Alfred Tennyson, Locksley Hall (1835, published 1842), Stanza 69
I am credited with being one of the hardest workers and perhaps I am, if thought is the equivalent of labour, for I have devoted to it almost all of my waking hours. But if work is interpreted to be a definite performance in a specified time according to a rigid rule, then I may be the worst of idlers. Every effort under compulsion demands a sacrifice of life-energy. I never paid such a price. On the contrary, I have thrived on my thoughts.
Nikola Tesla My Inventions 1919
To him whose elastic and vigorous thought keeps pace with the sun, the day is a perpetual morning.
Henry David Thoreau, Walden (1966 [1854]), chapter 2, p. 116–17
“I cannot live with myself any longer.” This was the thought that kept repeating itself in my mind. Then suddenly I became aware of what a peculiar thought it was. “Am I one or two? If I cannot live with myself, there must be two of me: the ‘I’ and the ‘self’ that ‘I’ cannot live with.” “Maybe,” I thought, “only one of them is real.”
Eckhart Tolle, The Power of Now (1997)
Thinking has become a disease. Disease happens when things get out of balance... The mind is a superb instrument if used rightly. Used wrongly, however, it becomes very destructive. To put it more accurately, it is not so much that you use your mind wrongly - you usually don't use it at all. It uses you. This is the disease. You believe that you are your mind. This is the delusion. The instrument has taken you over.
Eckhart Tolle, The Power of Now (1997) p. 16
Just because you can solve a crossword puzzle or build an atom bomb doesn't mean that you use your mind. Just as dogs love to chew bones, the mind loves to get its teeth into problems. That's why it does crossword puzzles and builds atom bombs. You have no interest in either. Let me ask you this: can you be free of your mind whenever you want to? Have you found the "off" button?... You mean stop thinking altogether? No, I can't, except maybe for a moment or two... Then the mind is using you. You are unconsciously identified with it, so you don't even know that you are its slave. It's almost as if you were possessed without knowing it, and so you take the possessing entity to be yourself. The beginning of freedom is the realization that you are not the possessing entity - the thinker. Knowing this enables you to observe the entity.
The good news is that you can free yourself from your mind. This is the* only true liberation. You can take the first step right now. Start listening to the voice in your head as often as you can... When you listen to that voice, listen to it impartially. That is to say, do not judge. Do not judge or condemn what you hear, for doing so would mean that the same voice has come in again through the back door. You'll soon realize: there is the voice, and here I am listening to it, watching it. This I am realization, this sense of your own presence, is not a thought. It arises from beyond the mind...
When you listen to a thought, you are aware not only of the thought but also of yourself as the witness of the thought. A new dimension of consciousness has come in.
I am not my thoughts, emotions, sense perceptions, and experiences. I am not the content of my life. I am Life. I am the space in which all things happen. I am consciousness. When you look at a tree, you are aware of the tree. When you have a thought or feeling, you are aware of that thought or feeling. When you have a pleasurable or painful experience, you are aware of that experience. These seem to be true and obvious statements. Yet if you look at them very closely, you will find that in a subtle way their very structure contains a fundamental illusion, an illusion which is unavoidable when you use language. Thought and language create an apparent duality and a separate person where there is none. The truth is you are not somebody who is aware of the tree, the thought, feeling or experience. You are the awareness or consciousness in and by which those things appear. As you go about your life, can you be aware of yourself as the awareness in which the entire content of your life unfolds?
Eckhart Tolle, Stillness Speaks (2003)
Many people live with a tormentor in their head that continuously attacks and punishes them and drains them of vital energy. It is the cause of untold misery and unhappiness, as well as of disease. The good news is that you can free yourself from your mind. This is the only true liberation. You can take the first step right now. Start listening to the voice in your head as often as you can. Pay particular attention to any repetitive thought patterns, those old gramophone records that have been playing in your head perhaps for many years. This is what I mean by "watching the thinker," which is another way of saying: listen to the voice in your head, be there as the witnessing presence. When you listen to that voice, listen to it impartially. That is to say, do not judge. Do not judge or condemn what you hear, for doing so would mean that the same voice has come in again through the back door. You'll soon realize: there is the voice, and here I am listening to it, watching it. This I am realization, this sense of your own presence, is not a thought. It arises from beyond the mind.
Eckhart Tolle in A New Earth: Awakening to Your Life's Purpose, p. 17, (2005)
The predominance of mind is no more than a stage in the evolution of consciousness. We need to go on to the next stage now as a matter of urgency; otherwise, we will be destroyed by the mind, which has grown into a monster. I will talk about this in more detail later. Thinking and consciousness are not synonymous. Thinking is only a small aspect of consciousness. Thought cannot exist without consciousness, but consciousness does not need thought. Enlightenment means rising above thought, not falling back to a level below thought, the level of an animal or a plant. In the enlightened state, you still use your thinking mind when needed, but in a much more focused and effective way than before.
Eckhart Tolle in A New Earth: Awakening to Your Life's Purpose,(Full text) p. 20, (2005)
Philosophers have calculated the difference of velocity between sound and light: but who will attempt to calculate the difference between speech and thought!
John Horne Tooke, Epea Pteroenta, or, The Diversions of Purley p. 15
There is no God, no universe, no human race, no earthly life, no heaven, no hell. It is all a Dream, a grotesque and foolish dream. Nothing exists but you. And You are but a Thought — a vagrant Thought, a useless Thought, a homeless Thought, wandering forlorn among the empty eternities.
Satan, Mark Twain The Mysterious Stranger
And yet, as angels in some brighter dreams
Call to the soul when man doth sleep,
So some strange thoughts transcend our wonted themes,
And into glory peep.
Henry Vaughan, They are all gone into the World of Light, Stanza 7; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Lorsqu'une pensée est trop faible pour porter une expression simple, c'est la marque pour la rejeter.
When a thought is too weak to be expressed simply, it is a proof that it should be rejected.
Luc de Clapiers, Marquis de Vauvenargues, Reflexions, III; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Les grandés pensées viennent du cœur.
Great thoughts come from the heart.
Luc de Clapiers, Marquis de Vauvenargues, Reflexions, CXXVII; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
His high-erected thoughts look'd down upon
The smiling valley of his fruitful heart.
Daniel Webster, A Monumental Column; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Civilization advances by extending the number of important operations which we can perform without thinking of them. Operations of thought are like cavalry charges in a battle—they are strictly limited in number, they require fresh horses, and must only be made at decisive moments.
Alfred North Whitehead, An Introduction to Mathematics (1911), ch. 5
We think in generalities, but we live in detail.
Alfred North Whitehead, "The Education of an Englishman", in The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 138 (1926), p. 192
It seems that thought itself has a power for which it has never been given credit.
Colin Wilson in Frankenstein's Castle, p. 16 (1980)
But hushed be every thought that springs
From out the bitterness of things.
William Wordsworth, Elegiac Stanzas. Addressed to Sir G. H. B; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Yet, sometimes, when the secret cup
Of still and serious thought went round,
It seemed as if he drank it up,
He felt with spirit so profound.
William Wordsworth, Matthew; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Like thoughts whose very sweetness yieldeth proof
That they wore born for immortality.
William Wordsworth, Sonnet, On King's College Chapel, Cambridge; Reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 787-90
Knocks at our hearts, and finds our thoughts at home.
Edward Young, Love of Fame (1725-28), Satire I, line 99
Look up thought in Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Retrieved from "https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Thought&oldid=2902559"
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holding company: translation
holding company holding company n. (Finance) A company that controls other independently incorporated companies by ownership of most or all of their stock, but does not directly control the daily operations of those companies. [PJC]
Holding note
holding company — see company Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996. holding company … Law dictionary
holding company — holding companies N COUNT A holding company is a company that has enough shares in one or more other companies to be able to control the other companies. [BUSINESS] ...a Montreal based holding company with interests in telecommunications, gas and … English dictionary
holding company — holding ,company noun count a company that owns the majority of the SHARES in another company … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Holding Company — Holding Company, auch Holder genannt, eine in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika ausgebildete eigenartige Form der Handelsgesellschaft, deren Zweck darin besteht, eine Interessengemeinschaft zwischen mehreren in Wettbewerb stehenden… … Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens
holding company — holding .company n a company that completely or partly owns other companies, as well as doing business itself … Dictionary of contemporary English
holding company — ☆ holding company n. a corporation organized to hold bonds or stocks of other corporations, which it usually controls … English World dictionary
Holding company — A holding company is a company that owns part, all, or a majority of other companies outstanding stock. It usually refers to a company which does not produce goods or services itself, rather its only purpose is owning shares of other companies.… … Wikipedia
holding company — Finance. a company that controls other companies through stock ownership but that usually does not engage directly in their productive operations (distinguished from parent company). [1905 10] * * * Corporation that owns enough voting stock in… … Universalium
holding company — A company that usually confines its activities to owning stock in, and supervising management of, other companies. A holding company usually owns a controlling interest in the companies whose stock it holds. In order for a corporation to gain the … Black's law dictionary
holding company — A corporation that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its Board of Directors. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary A company which controls one or more subsidiary companies in which… … Financial and business terms
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The Great Daylight 1972 Fireball
The Great Daylight 1972 Fireball (or US19720810) is an Earth-grazing meteoroid which passed within 57 kilometres of the surface of the Earth at 20:29 UTC on August 10 1972. It entered the Earth's atmosphere in daylight over Utah, United States (14:30 local time) and passed northwards leaving the atmosphere over Alberta, Canada. It was seen by many people and recorded on film and by space borne sensors. [http://www.astrosociety.org/pubs/mercury/9806/impact.html Observation of Meteoroid Impacts by Space-Based Sensors] Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Edward Tagliaferri, 2003, 'It was first detected by satellite at an altitude of about 73 km, tracked as it descended to about 53 km, and then tracked as it climbed back out of the atmosphere', 'object is still in an Earth-crossing orbit around the Sun and passed close to the Earth again in August 1997']
Analysis of its appearance and trajectory showed it was a meteoroid about 3 (if a carbonaceous chondrite) to 14 metres (if made of cometary ices) in diameter in the Apollo asteroid class in an Earth-crossing orbit that would make a subsequent close approach to Earth in August 1997. In 1994, Czech astronomer Zdenek Ceplecha re-analysed the data and suggested the passage would have reduced the meteoroid's mass to about a third or half of its original mass (reducing its diameter to 2 to 10 metres). [http://web.archive.org/web/20050120051405/www.maa.agleia.de/Comet/Other/1972.html Daylight Fireball of August 10, 1972] C. Kronberg, Munich Astro Archive, archived summary by Gary W. Kronk of early analysis and of Zdenek Ceplecha's paper for Astronomy and Astrophysics in 1994, '3 meters, if a carbonaceous chondrite, or as large as 14 meters, if composed of cometary materials', 'post-encounter ... 2 or 10 meters']
The meteoroid's 100 second passage through the atmosphere reduced its velocity by about 800 metre per second and the whole encounter significantly changed its orbital inclination from 15 degrees to 8 degrees. [http://www.fis.unipr.it/~albino/ITASN/GSNA/US19720810/US19720810.html US19720810 (Daylight Earth grazer)] Global Superbolic Network Archive, 2000, 'Size: 5 to 10 m']
The fireball was filmed by a tourist at the Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming using an 8-millimeter color movie camera [ [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7M8LQ7_hWtE Grand Teton Meteor Video] , Youtube]
This was the first Earth grazing fireball observed. As of 2008 only three subsequent Earth grazers have been scientifically observed: the Earth-grazing fireball of October 13, 1990 passing at around 100 kilometres altitude over Czechoslovakia; the possible Earth-grazing fireball on March 29, 2006 over Japan,Abe 2006 (abstract)] and EN070807 (see All known Earth-grazing fireballs).
What if it had impacted?
If it had not entered at such a grazing angle, this meteoroid would have lost all its velocity in the upper atmosphere, possibly ending in an airburst, and any remnant would have fallen at terminal velocity. Atmospheric entry of meteoroids is complex and a full calculation requires a full simulation, but a highly simplified calculation can be made using the web-based program [Robert Marcus, H. Jay Melosh, and Gareth Collins. [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/impacteffects/ Computing Effects of an Impact on Earth] ] by Collins et al. [Collins, Gareth S. et al. [http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~marcus/CollinsEtAl2005.pdf Earth Impact Effects Program: A Web-based computer program for calculating the regional environmental consequences of a meteoroid impact on Earth] Meteoritics & Planetary Science 40, Nr 6, 817–840 (2005) "The curvature of the Earth is also ignored."] . This table shows how sensitive the result is to the entry angle and composition:
All known Earth-grazing fireballs
Earth-grazing fireballs are a very rare kind of fireballP. Spurný, J. Borovička, Z. Ceplecha and L. Shrbený, Astronomical Institute of the Academy ofSciences, Fričova 298, CZ-251 65 Ondřejov Observatory, Czech Republic [http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/acm2008/pdf/8217.pdf PRECISE MULTI-INSTRUMENT DATA ON 45 FIREBALLS RECORDED OVER CENTRAL EUROPE IN THE PERIOD 2006-2008] . Retrieved 2008-07-06] caused by a meteoroid that collides with the Earth but survives the collision by passing through, and exiting, the atmosphere. As of 2008 four grazers have been scientifically observed. [Although other grazers have been seen and, rarely, photographed, without specialised scientific observations their orbits cannot be determined. An example is the Leonid grazer over Hawaii in 2001-11-18 -Abe 2006 (PDF)]
* 1913-02-09, a narrow fireball stream led to conclusions a probable natural satellite of Earth had broken up [O'Keefe, John A. 1959. [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1959JRASC..53...59O A Probable Natural Satellite: The Meteor Procession of February 9 1913] . Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Vol. 53, p.59. Code 1959JRASC..53...59O. Retrieved 2008-07-07]
* 1972-08-10, US19720810 at 15 km/sec above United States and Canada (first scientific observation)
* 1990-10-13, a 40 kilogram, 41.5 km per sec meteoroid passed at 97.9 km above Czechoslovakia [Spurny', P.; Ceplecha, Z.; Borovicka, J. [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991JIMO...19...13S Earth-grazing fireball: Czechoslovakia, Poland, October 13, 1990, 03h27m16sUT] . WGN, Vol. 19, Nr. 1, p. 13; (aphelion of its orbit changed from 2.80 AU to 1.80 AU)]
* 2006-03-29, fireball passed 18.8 km per sec through the atmosphere 71.4 km above JapanAbe 2006 (PDF) approximately 100 kg, orbit aphelion reaches Jupiter]
* 2007-08-07, EN070807 passed through with an orbit belonging to the rare Aten asteroid type [EN indicates the European Fireball Network]
* Record-setting close approaches by asteroids to Earth
* Abe, S. et al. (abstract) [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006epsc.conf..486A Earth-grazing fireball on March 29, 2006] European Planetary Science Congress 2006. Berlin, Germany, 18 - 22 September 2006., p.486. code:2006epsc.conf..486A, 'the first and second Earth-grazing fireballs observed on August 10 1972(Jacchia, 1974; Ceplecha, 1979) and on October 13 1990(Borovicka and Ceplecha, 1992)'
* Abe, Shinsuke; et al. 2006. (PDF). [http://sonotaco.jp/forum/download.php?id=5723 Earth-grazing fireball on March 29,2006] (full details: orbit, charts, spectra, composition) Retrieved 2008-07-07
* [http://www.fis.unipr.it/~albino/ITASN/GSNA/US19720810/US19720810.html US19720810 (Daylight Earth grazer)] orbital characteristics from Global Superbolide Network Archive, 2000
* [http://fireball.meteorite.free.fr/index_en.html fireball, meteorite, bolide, meteor, video and photo] link to photos and cine film by Linda Baker
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vBu-yUzWXqg The Great Daylight 1972 Fireball] youtube link to Linda Baker's film
Benevides Juan Ramirez
Assistant Secretary of Transportation for Aviation and International Affairs
Feuerball vom 10. August 1972 — Der Feuerball vom 10. August 1972 war ein Meteoroid, der am 10. August 1972 um 14:30 Uhr lokaler Zeit (20:29 UTC) über dem US Bundesstaat Utah mit einer Geschwindigkeit von etwa 15 km/s in die Erdatmosphäre eintrat und diese bei einer maximalen… … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Korean War — Part of the Cold War … Wikipedia
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#ENDTHE
Our world has been forever changed. We have shuttered our homes, shuttered our businesses, lost our jobs, lost our sense of security, toppled the global economy, watched our loved ones get sick and die, and overwhelmed our health care systems beyond recognition.
The Coalition to End the Trade aims to help ensure this never happens again by addressing the likely cause of this pandemic and others: the commercial trade and sale in markets of wild terrestrial animals (particularly mammals and birds), for consumption. The commercial trade of wild terrestrial animals gives pathogens that have evolved with animals the perfect opportunity to jump to new hosts--humans--and spread through a globalized population.
Here’s how you can help:
SIGN THE PETITION TO
Join health professionals, conservation organizations, celebrities, and others in a global movement to call on our world’s governments to permanently end the commercial trade and sale in markets of wild terrestrial animals, for consumption, worldwide. Together we are urging the world’s governments to recognize that this is among the most important decisions that the global community can make to prevent future pandemics and global disruption. Every voice counts.
READ THE FULL PETITION
I/we recognize that the global health implications of the COVID-19 global pandemic, and the urgency to prevent future pandemics, warrant the permanent end to the commercial trade and sale of terrestrial wild animals (particularly birds and mammals) for consumption. Studies have shown that 71% of all zoonotic emerging infectious diseases in the past several decades have originated from wild animals, with the rest from livestock/domestic animals. As animals move along the wildlife supply chain, from capture site to market, the prevalence and diversity of pathogens rises, increasing the risk of transmission to humans along the trade chain. The occurrence of major outbreaks is increasing in frequency, so urgent action to address this problem is needed.
I/we recognize the global economic implications of zoonotic disease outbreaks, which over the past 50 years have caused hundreds of billions of dollars in economic losses, with significant damage to economies on a global scale. It is already clear that the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to sickness and death, has caused widespread severe economic turmoil and damage to many businesses and individuals around the world, costing trillions of dollars, increasing inequality, and differentially impacting the impoverished. In addition, this COVID-19 pandemic has, and will continue to, impact the poorest communities the most, thus further exacerbating inequalities and setting back sustainable development and poverty alleviation. Indigenous Peoples and the poor with little access to health care services are particularly vulnerable.
I/we recognize the global security implications of zoonotic disease outbreaks, and that the commercial trade in terrestrial wild animals for consumption creates enhanced conditions for the evolution of novel zoonotic pathogens through practices that bring together stressed, injured, and sick animals representing a variety of species from many different places into one area. It is critical to close this trade that creates ideal environments for the emergence of novel pathogens. We must act to prevent another such pandemic through the cessation of the commercial trade of terrestrial wild animals for consumption.
I/we recognize that the global biodiversity implications of the massive commercial trade in terrestrial wild animals for consumption across the world threatens the survival of thousands of species and is compounded by the destruction of habitat and ecosystems on a global scale. It is clear that the current scale and scope of this commercial trade in wild animals is not only threatening the diversity of life on Earth, but also the health of societies and individual humans. It is time to end this commercial trade and protect and restore ecosystems and biodiversity as a critical investment in the future health of ourselves and our planet. It is time for a new paradigm.
I/we, therefore call for the permanent end to the commercial trade and sale in markets where terrestrial wild animals are sold for consumption.
I/we urge all national governments to recognize that this is among the most important decisions that the world community can make today to prevent future zoonotic disease pandemics and global disruption. With this recognition we call on all national governments to:
Enact suitable legislation to permanently end commercial trade and sale of terrestrial wild animals for consumption;
Empower relevant agencies to adequately enforce such legislation;
Develop ethical and equitable transition measures for those whose livelihoods are impacted across the trade chain.
I/we stress that our declaration fully respects the rights of Indigenous Peoples over their lands and resources and does not pertain to subsistence hunting by Indigenous Peoples and local communities for household consumption and/or cultural identity. In other cases where people are eating wildlife only because they have no alternatives then it is recognized that efforts should be made to ensure access to sustainably produced domestic plant or animal foods, which can provide them with a reliable and sanitary source of high-quality food and reduce the risk of exposure to novel zoonotic pathogens.
I/we recognize that many livelihoods are currently dependent on the commercial trade of terrestrial wild animals for consumption around the globe. The people involved in these activities need help to transition to new opportunities. This is especially true regarding the trade of wildlife for consumption that has caused immense negative impacts, including widescale death and disease, as well as severe damage or collapse of most industries and economies around the world.
SUPPORT THE
COALITION TO
Your donation will directly support key strategies to end the commercial trade of terrestrial wild animals for consumption, including:
1) Reducing consumer demand, by significantly shifting public opinion, attitudes and behavior
2) Closing commercial supply chains, by securing and enforcing permanent bans on markets and trade; and
3) Actively monitoring for pathogens, through increased health surveillance
Visit ExtinctionEndsHere.org to join the conversation and effect a paradigm shift in how we relate to nature.
#EXTINCTIONENDSHERE
Help the world better understand where this pandemic came from and what it’ll take to prevent the next one. Once you’ve signed the declaration or supported these efforts, you’ll be asked if you want to share your action on your social media channels. You can also download these coalition infographics to share:
The Coalition to End the Trade was launched by Global Wildlife Conservation, Wildlife Conservation Society and WildAid, to implement a joint strategy to end the commercial trade in wild terrestrial animals (especially birds and mammals) for consumption.
DECLARATION ENDORSED BY:
© 2020 Global Wildlife Conservation. All Rights Reserved. Charitable Solicitation Disclosures.
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Nearly 13,000 killed by regime torture in Syria war: monitor
The most notorious detention centers include those operated by Syria’s Air Force Intelligence and Military Intelligence services (File photo: Reuters)
By AFP Beirut Friday 13 March 2015
Nearly 13,000 Syrians, including 108 children, have been tortured to death in regime prisons since the uprising began in March 2011, a monitoring group said Friday.
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said the youngest of the 12,751 victims was just 12 years old.
“Some of the families of those killed under torture were forced to sign statements that their loved ones had been killed by rebel groups,” said Observatory head Rami Abdel Rahman.
He told AFP the toll did not include more than 20,000 detainees who have “disappeared” in government prisons and whose fate remains unknown.
The most notorious detention centers include those operated by Syria’s Air Force Intelligence and Military Intelligence services.
In total, the Britain-based Observatory said an estimated 200,000 people have been arrested over the past four years.
Security officials starve detainees to death, deny medicine to sick prisoners and subject them to psychological torture, Abdel Rahman said.
He said those arrested include political activists, rebels and regular demonstrators.
Former detainees have described the horror of the torture techniques, many of which have become infamous throughout Syria.
According to a 2013 Human Rights Watch report, Syrian security officials beat prisoners with batons and metal rods as they hung from the ceiling by their wrists.
A report issued by 21 international aid organizations on Thursday said rape and sexual abuse were also used in regime detention centers as a “method of war.”
More than 210,000 people have been killed in Syria since the uprising began, according to the Observatory.
SOHR
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Monitor: At least 18 killed by regime barrel bomb in Aleppo
Seven dead, 20 wounded in central Damascus blast
Anti-ISIS Syria tribesmen among 2,000 ‘executed’
Monitor: U.S.-led strikes have killed 910 people in Syria
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The Real World Benefit of a Student Consulting Project
Courtesy of Shutterstock
By Brianna Radicioni
Same-day delivery services have seen demand surge in the wake of the pandemic.
And, though business is booming, such unprecedented demand brings unforeseen challenges, and much less time for these companies to be thinking long-term strategy and innovation.
Yet, this spring, before coronavirus swept the United States, Babson MBA students already were thinking big with client partners, including one major Target-owned delivery service, as part of a signature Babson course.
One five-person MBA team worked with the C-suite at Shipt to help advance its focus on long-term strategy while day-to-day efforts took overwhelming priority for the company.
The Babson Consulting Experience
Named the Babson Consulting Experience (BCE), this required Babson MBA course is an opportunity for students to learn about organizations big and small, from the inside out, and to work with leading executives to solve real business needs.
“One of the most valuable parts of this project for me was the time (our client team) gave us, to pinpoint ideas and work through them together,” said Andrea Roig MBA’21. “They were really just as engaged as we were and were really open to sharing key insights into their corporate strategy, which really helped us structure the project.”
“Shipt’s business was booming and Studio-E shifted their entire business online,” added Robbie Rapson MBA’21. “In spite of this, Liselle and Nate gave us an unbelievable amount of time. I truly appreciate the opportunity to learn from them.”
This client team, including Kelly Caruso, CEO of Shipt, Liselle Christian, chief of staff for Shipt, and Nate Garvis, co-founder of Studio/E, formerly of Target, and senior fellow at Babson’s Lewis Institute for Social Innovation, felt a similar appreciation for this access and collaboration.
“This is the first time Shipt has worked with a student consulting team like this,” shared Christian. “Being able to tap into brilliant young minds and do so to provide mutual benefit … this definitely won’t be the last time we participate.”
“Value Creation and Values Brought Together”
Roig, Rapson, and classmates Priyanka Menon MBA’21, Qianhan Zhang MBA’21, and Rahul Vajir MBA’21, were tasked with tackling Shipt’s desire to better integrate sustainability efforts into its business model. They did so with the help of Senior Lecturer and faculty lead for this course Dwight Gertz.
“We can accomplish a lot in a classroom, but there is so much more to learn when our students work directly with senior executives on a real problem,” said Gertz. “Our involuntary move to working online also gave the students an opportunity to be pioneers in the rapidly developing art and science of getting things done without getting together.”
With a slew of ideas in mind, and an upcoming face-to-face, design-thinking workshop with Shipt, the pandemic hit, Shipt’s flights were canceled, and classes moved online.
Though the workshop was held virtually, the team still found extreme value in this exercise and landed on one idea to pitch the company—a sustainable packaging system featuring collapsible, returnable boxes.
Garvis, who has worked with Babson since The Lewis Institute’s inception, shared his excitement in seeing so much of its mission embodied in the students’ work.
That is what it’s all about, he said. “Growing business leaders and launching ideas that bring better health to our world and our communities … value creation and values brought together.”
Bringing a Babson Idea to Life
For Christian, working with Babson students allowed her the time and space to pull away from the day to day “to think about the big picture,” she said. On top of dealing with the pandemic, “we were in the midst of strategic planning, and the students helped get my mindset there.”
Luckily, their work doesn’t have to stop even though the project has ended. Shortly after semester’s end, Roig joined Shipt as an intern.
Right around the time her team made their final pitch, Roig reached out to Christian to inquire about how the company would bring the idea to life and to learn more about opportunities at Shipt.
“I give her a lot of kudos for that … it’s part of why we wanted to bring her on board,” said Christian. “It’ll be good to have her on the team, for fresh thinking and to help accelerate this project from prototyping and ideation, to next steps.”
Posted in Adapting, Together, Entrepreneurship of All Kinds
Tagged Graduate, Student Life, Career, Corporate Innovation, Online Classes
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Home Academic Analysis Labor’s pay policy merely hints at helping low paid workers rather than...
Labor’s pay policy merely hints at helping low paid workers rather than actually doing it
Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Eugene Schofield-Georgeson, Lecturer, UTS Law School, University of Technology Sydney
There is little dispute the pay packages for leading chief executives have reached gross and excessive proportions while the wages of poorly paid Australians have stagnated.
Pay ratios – a measure of disparity between the highest and median (representative) wages within a company – stand at around 100:1 in Australia’s largest firms. That’s up from 15:1 in the late 1970s.
This graph, from a study prepared by Labor assistant treasury spokesman Andrew Leigh and Melbourne University economist Mike Pottenger in 2013, shows the pay packet of BHP’s chief peaked at around 50 times average earnings in the early 1900s and then slid to just 10 times average earnings in the 1970s before soaring again to well over 100.
BHP chief executive remuneration as a multiple of average earnings, 1887 to 2012. Source: Pottenger and Leigh, 2013
Last week Leigh announced Labor’s response. In government Labor would require stock exchange listed firms with more than 250 employees to report the ratio of their chief executive’s pay to that of the median worker.
It is an idea adopted in the United States and in Britain, where it has been championed by Conservative Prime Minister Teresa May.
But a study of mine in the August edition of the Journal of Australian Political Economy finds no evidence such reports lift the pay of low or middle-ranking workers.
Reporting needn’t lift pay
Where reporting is not backed by laws requiring an increase in workers’ pay – and Labor’s present proposal isn’t – they simply encourage shareholders to take their chief executive’s pay and hand it to themselves.
My study found even where shareholders have voted to cut their chief executive’s remuneration (in some cases by as much as 32%) the funds freed have been passed on to shareholders rather than workers.
Numerous studies since the early 2000s have found about 60% of Australian shares and liquid wealth are held by the wealthiest 10% of Australians.
Accordingly, the only likely redistributive effect of pay disclosure laws of the type proposed by Labor will be to redistribute wealth among the already wealthy.
Read more: Australia should compare CEO and average worker pay like the US and UK
Pay disclosure laws can certainly serve an educative purpose by making public the size of shameful disparities. But as some British trade unionists have asked, “how do you shame people who are shameless?”.
In some form or other Australia, the US and Britain have already had pay disclosure laws for nearly a decade.
It’s an old idea
Australia’s Corporations Act requires listed companies to annually disclose the complete remuneration packages of all their directors and their five most highly paid executives. It gives shareholders the right to reject excessive remuneration packages.
Since the introduction of the provision in Australia, total chief executive pay has increased rather than fallen.
BHP chief executive Andrew Mackenzie, paid multiples of the typical BHP worker. Julian Smith/AAP
Other countries impose requirements
There are a number of measures Labor could take that would actually redistribute executive pay to lower paid workers.
One, proposed by UK Labour leader, Jeremy Corbyn and leading economist Anthony Atkinson would cap executive pay at 20 times the wage of a firm’s lowest paid worker and require equal pay for equal work.
It’s an idea Labor in Australia ruled-out on the ground that a scheme in the US that capped executive pay at US$1 million per annum failed because companies rewarded executives instead with stock options and bonuses.
Read more: CEO pay study shows how much Australians tolerate inequality
But as the UK think tank the High Pay Centre points out, that could readily be curbed simply by requiring companies to include all forms of remuneration (not just salary) in the calculation of the executive-to-worker pay ratio.
In countries such as in Spain and Germany workers are given an enforceable vote on what they perceive to be a fair ratio between CEO and worker pay. Where this practise exists at the Mondragon Corporation in Spain, the ratio between executive and worker pay is no higher than 9:1.
Read more: Viewpoints: should Australian companies set executive pay to a US benchmark?
Other measures include a pay ratio tax of the kind in force in Portland Oregon which imposes a 10% tax on the profits of companies whose pay ratios exceed 100:1 and the so-called Buffett rule proposed in the US which would impose a minimum 35% tax on incomes of more than US$300,000.
Another mechanism is compulsory company-wide profit-sharing of the kind that is required in French companies with more than 50 employees.
Australia could too, if it wanted
As Australian Labor’s announcement made clear, its new policy comes not from UK Labour or from innovative ideas being tried elsewhere, but from the policy handbook of the British Conservative government and Prime Minister Theresa May.
Overseas and Australian experience suggests that without specific action to redistribute executive pay, Labor’s policy will achieve little, merely suggesting redistribution instead of achieving it.
– ref. Labor’s pay policy merely hints at helping low paid workers rather than actually doing it – http://theconversation.com/labors-pay-policy-merely-hints-at-helping-low-paid-workers-rather-than-actually-doing-it-104415]]>
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The Power of a Name
By Chris Goldschmidt on August 4, 2009 – 11:59 am
Last month, the famous Sears Tower in Chicago was officially re-named Willis Tower. In a new lease deal that included the naming rights of the building, Willis Group Holdings had the new letters installed on our nation’s tallest building on July 16th. Sears Roebuck and Company had it built and occupied space in the building from its conception in 1973 until 1995. Sears’ naming rights expired in 2003. With no suitor at that time, the building retained its original name until July.
Chicagoans of all walks of life have opposed the new name. The summary of the arguments have been rife with such concepts as “cultural fabric,” “icon,” and “historical preservation.” This building has brand equity–for the Windy City and the record books. But the name was arbitrary. Had the Acme Anvil Company commissioned the structure, people would likely defend the preservation of the Acme Tower’s name—with similar vigor and passion. Other than the tenant mix, the building hasn’t changed with the new name.
Why has this provoked such emotion? When brands are left unchanged—even if the original elements were arbitrary—the status quo grows in the hearts and minds of its consumers. So the logical leap is that if your brand doesn’t have intentional development, it’s probably furthering a benign position that will ultimately be hard to change. We once performed an overhaul for a regional brand that insisted that a particular color remain in the design—simply because of decades of inertia. What if a different color, design element, tagline, position, etc. could have been developed that better enhanced the brand in the first place?
We’ve observed that intentional brand development can provide greater lift and drive business results when performed sooner, not later. If your brand isn’t articulated intentionally, ‘these times’ are a rare chance to re-tool your brand to capture your company’s essence. When done properly, that compelling essence will further your most vital objectives. We all have to get the low hanging fruit now. But, all must plant for next season. Don’t wait. Get your brand intentional now.
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Home Intersectionality LGBTQIA+ WHO Finally Declares Being Transgender Is Not A Mental Disorder
Participants hold placards during a protest demanding an end to what they say is discrimination and violence against the transgender community, in Bengaluru, India October 21, 2016. © 2016 Reuters
WHO Finally Declares Being Transgender Is Not A Mental Disorder
Posted by Varooni
After a trail of queer crimes during pride month, the LGBTQ+ community breathes a sigh of relief as being transgender is no longer classified as a mental disorder. The World Health Organisation (WHO) announced this in their release of the revised International Classification of Diseases (ICD 11) on 18 June 2018.
Change in category
Before this, being ‘transgender’ was classified as a ‘personality disorder’, heightening the stigma against the trans community. The revised edition will entail ‘gender incongruence’ under sexual health conditions. The stigma against the trans community generally rises from its classification as a disorder, though it has been scientifically refuted. Hence, this move by the WHO is a milestone in LGBTQ+ history and empowerment.
Change in terminology
Now, gender is being perceived as a spectrum by the ICD. Previously, gender and sex were used interchangeably and considered a binary. Now, phrases like ‘other sex’ are replaced by ‘experienced gender’, allowing non-binary identities under its umbrella. Other words like ‘transsexualism’, ‘dual-role transvestism’, and ‘gender identity disorder’ have also been omitted.
Now, gender is being perceived as a spectrum by the ICD.
The basis of the change
The decision was made by a joint effort of professional, and concerned communities. Available evidence and scientific data were reviewed by the Joint Task Forces to delineate the new changes.
Possible Implications
An important implication of this change is that unusual treatments prescribed by Shamans, God-men and, even doctors to ‘cure’ a trans person cannot be grounded on medical claims. If officiated, such treatments could possibly be banned in the country. The social acceptance of transgender people is likely to increase, possibly changing the approach to gender, in general. Classification as a mental disorder has also contributed to the perception that transgender people must be treated by psychiatrists. This restricts access to services that could reasonably be provided at other levels of care. Hence, in those institutions that follow ICD, a certificate approval may no longer be needed.
An important implication of this change is that unusual treatments prescribed by Shamans, God-men and, even doctors to ‘cure’ a trans person cannot be grounded on medical claims.
Though the decision is largely welcomed, some activists want gender incongruence to be removed from the classification of diseases as well. Generally, transgender people require hormones in order to transition to their desired gender, physically. Keeping that in mind, some sort of gate-keeping in terms of proper diagnosis and treatment become epochal. Often trans people take self-administer hormones of dubious quality and that can be fatal to their health. Dr Lale Say, Coordinator, Adolescents and At-Risk Populations Team at the WHO said in an interview, “…In order to reduce the stigma, while also ensuring access to necessary health interventions, [gender incongruence] was placed in a different chapter.”
Moreover, this will allow transgender people to push for insured and free treatments in their countries. Being transgender is different from being homosexual where one needs medical attention, hence, removing gender congruence completely may create chaos.
Similar changes were brought in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5) and it is about time for ICD to follow suit, thereby completely eliminating a chance for bigotry on clinical grounds.
Also read: Why Trans Movements In India Must Be Anti-Caste
A progressive queer feminist, Raabiya is pursuing literature from Delhi University. She aspires to be a journalist and create queer-sensitive coverage in media. Follow her on Facebook and Instagram.
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Russell 2000 Futures
Washington Federal (WAFD) Q1 Earnings Lag, Revenues Beat
Washington Federal’s WAFD first-quarter fiscal 2020 (ended Dec 31) adjusted earnings came in at 58 cents per share, missing the Zacks Consensus Estimate of 60 cents. Results exclude the net positive impact of two significant non-recurring items.
Including such items, net income was $65.7 million or 84 cents per share compared with $52.9 million or 65 cents per share in the year-ago quarter.
Results reflect increase in revenues and improving credit quality. However, higher expenses, decline in loan and deposit balances, and shrinking margins were the undermining factors.
Revenues Up, Expenses Rise
Net revenues came in at $166.1 million, up 20.2% from the year-ago quarter. The figure surpassed the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $135.3 million by a wide margin.
Net interest income was $119.7 million, marginally up from the year-ago quarter. However, net interest margin declined 6 basis points (bps) to 3.15%.
Total other income of $46.4 million increased considerably from the prior-year quarter. This upside was mainly driven by increase in other income and loan fee income.
Operating expenses were up 15.3% year over year to $82.6 million. Higher compensation and benefits, occupancy, product delivery and information technology expenses led to this rise.
The company’s adjusted efficiency ratio was 57.05% up from 51.88% recorded a year ago. A rise in efficiency ratio indicates deterioration in profitability.
At the end of the fiscal first quarter, return on average common equity was 12.89%, up from 10.64% witnessed at the end of the prior-year quarter. Return on average assets was 1.60%, up from 1.32%.
As of Dec 31, 2019, both net loans receivables and customer deposit accounts amounted to $11.9 billion, marginally down from the prior quarter.
Credit Quality Improves
As of Dec 31, 2019, the ratio of non-performing assets to total assets was 0.24%, down 3 bps sequentially. Furthermore, release for loan losses increased to $1 million from $0.5 million recorded a year ago.
Additionally, allowance for loan losses and reserve for unfunded commitments were 1.04% of gross loans outstanding, unchanged from the figure recorded in the prior quarter.
Share Repurchase Update
During the quarter, Washington Federal repurchased 0.9 million shares at weighted average price of $36.62 per share.
Washington Federal’s efforts to grow organically, an improving economy and rising loan demand are likely to support revenues. Also, the company’s impressive credit quality will support financials. However, persistently rising expenses are expected to hamper the bank’s bottom-line growth.
Washington Federal, Inc. Price, Consensus and EPS Surprise
Washington Federal, Inc. price-consensus-eps-surprise-chart | Washington Federal, Inc. Quote
Currently, the company carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold). You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank (Strong Buy) stocks here.
Earnings Release Dates of Peers
Associated Banc-Corp ASB and BankUnited, Inc. BKU are scheduled to announce fourth-quarter 2019 results on Jan 23, while Prosperity Bancshares, Inc. PB is slated to report on Jan 29.
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BlackBerry Revival Rewards Watsa’s Faith With $1.2 Billion Gain
(Bloomberg) -- Day traders have pushed BlackBerry Ltd.’s share price to levels not seen in more than nine years. They’ve also given a jolt to a Canadian investment company that got crushed in last spring’s market crash.BlackBerry jumped 4.9% Tuesday to $18.92 in New York, its eighth consecutive rise, bringing its gain this year to 185%. That is repaying the patience of Prem Watsa and his Fairfax Financial Holdings Ltd., which owns 8.3% of the software firm’s shares.Once the toast of the mobile tech world, BlackBerry failed to keep pace with competitors including Apple Inc. and the stock lost most of its value in 2010 and 2011. Around that time, Watsa, a value investor who has tried to model Fairfax after Berkshire Hathaway Inc., began building a large stake, which also includes convertible debentures with a conversion price of $6 each that could be turned into 55 million shares.The run-up in BlackBerry shares this year would drive a pretax gain of about $1.16 billion for Fairfax in the first quarter, Phil Hardie, a Toronto-based analyst at Bank of Nova Scotia, told clients in a note before markets opened on Tuesday. Hardie upgraded his recommendation on Fairfax’s shares to a buy-equivalent.Fairfax closed at C$488.94 on Tuesday. With a 12.7% gain, it’s the best-performing financial stock in the S&P/TSX Composite Index this year after being one of the worst in 2020 with a 29% drop.Scotiabank’s most bullish scenario for Fairfax “implies almost 50% upside and assumes that the stock sheds its valuation discount and trades at book value, with Fairfax locking in recent gains in BlackBerry through hedging or monetizing its position,” Hardie wrote. Fairfax didn’t respond to a request for comment.Watsa has been waiting for such a payoff for years. Fairfax even organized a bid to take BlackBerry private in 2013 -- the same year the latter changed its name from Research In Motion Ltd. -- then abandoned it in favor of a bond deal and management shakeup that brought in John Chen as chief executive officer.Despite an unrealized loss of $50 million on the investment as of 2019, Fairfax’s letter to shareholders last March made clear Watsa still believed in the CEO, who has focused BlackBerry on enterprise software. “We continue to support John Chen as he works diligently to make BlackBerry a growth company again,” Watsa wrote.The sudden rise has been partly fueled by Reddit forums and social media channels where retail speculators seek out unloved or heavily-shorted stocks like GameStop Corp., hoping to drive them up quickly.RBC Capital Markets downgraded its recommendation on BlackBerry to a sell-equivalent Tuesday, citing the torrid rally and unchanged fundamental outlook. Analyst Paul Treiber kept his price target at $7.50. Scotiabank also elected to cut BlackBerry’s stock rating to a sell-equivalent early Wednesday, as analyst Paul Steep calling the share run “overdone.” Still, shares are gaining about 11% in premarket trading Wednesday. Watsa, 70, founded Fairfax in 1985, following Warren Buffett’s strategy of using insurance float as a way to build an investment portfolio. With a market value of more than C$14 billion it’s a fraction of Berkshire’s size, though it’s more than twice as large as buyout firm Onex Corp.For more articles like this, please visit us at bloomberg.comSubscribe now to stay ahead with the most trusted business news source.©2021 Bloomberg L.P.
GameStop Whipsaws as Short Sellers Citron, Melvin Capitulate
(Bloomberg) -- GameStop Corp.’s wild ride continued in premarket trading as the stock whipsawed following reports of short sellers capitulating.The shares were up 42% at $210.03 as of 8:28 a.m. in New York, having earlier more than doubled from the last close of $147.98. Melvin Capital closed out its short position, while Citron Capital’s Andrew Left said the firm covered the majority of its short in “the $90’s at a loss of 100%.”“It does feel like rationality and fundamentals are just kind of dead,” J Capital Research co-founder Anne Stevenson-Yang said by telephone. “If you’re short you’re in a very difficult position because you have to buy the stock to get out, so you end with a heavily overvalued stock.”GameStop didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.The stock has gyrated wildly since Tuesday’s 93% surge, a move that meant GameStop has risen more than eightfold this month in a dizzying rally fueled by Reddit-charged day traders.“It really just goes to show the classic saying that markets can stay irrational longer than you can stay solvent,” said Greg Taylor, chief investment officer at Purpose Investments. “So you can try to fight this as long as you want but at some point you just have to give in and just step to the sidelines.”GameStop’s gains reached new extremes outside regular hours after Tesla Inc. chief Elon Musk tweeted a link to a Reddit thread about the company. Famed fund manager Michael Burry warned that the manic rally has gotten out of hand, calling the stock’s rise “unnatural, insane, and dangerous.”“That feels like the phase of the market we’re in right now, where things are going a little crazy and definitely divorced from fundamentals,” Taylor said.Another note of caution was provided Wednesday by Bank of America Corp. analysts. While raising their price target to $10 from $1.60 to reflect the stock’s recent surge, they noted that GameStop is in “a weaker not a stronger place” and reiterated their underperform recommendation.“While it is difficult to know how much very high short interest and retail ownership could continue to put upward pressure on the shares, we think fundamentals will again factor into valuation,” analysts led by Curtis Nagle wrote in a note. “We remain skeptical on the potential for a turnaround.”Euphoria born in day-trader chat rooms has turned GameStop into the biggest story stock of the retail era, its improbable surge an emblem of the newfound power of individual investors. At the same time, it’s become a major headache for institutional investors betting it would fall. An epic short squeeze lifting the shares has set off a search for other companies that might be similarly vulnerable, with Express Inc., Bed Bath & Beyond Inc. and AMC Entertainment Holdings Inc. among stocks surging in premarket trading on Wednesday.“The thing about these manias is there’s always enough people who make 600% or 1,000% and tell everybody about it that everybody gets excited about it,” said Anne Stevenson-Yang. “The thing is it’s not the majority of those people and eventually a whole bunch of people lose money.”(Updates added commentary and latest stock price.)For more articles like this, please visit us at bloomberg.comSubscribe now to stay ahead with the most trusted business news source.©2021 Bloomberg L.P.
Raytheon To Boost Dividend, Buy Back Shares As Earnings Beat
Raytheon beat Q4 estimates and predicted increases in shareholder returns but gave mixed 2021 guidance.
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Home Breaking News All-new, fully electric MAXUS eDELIVER 9 – Intelligent driving for a Greener...
Fleet Van & Utility
All-new, fully electric MAXUS eDELIVER 9 – Intelligent driving for a Greener future
A new electric commercial vehicle from MAXUS is coming to town: the MAXUS eDELIVER 9, and it’s set to be the next big thing in greener transport options.
Despite the challenges faced in 2020, MAXUS is leading the charge when it comes to environmentally friendly commercial motoring and is ending the year on a high with the announcement of its second all-electric vehicle this year, and the third for the brand.
The eDELIVER 9 is launching hot on the heels of the eDELIVER 3, which launched this summer and was revealed at the time as the first fully electric vehicle under the MAXUS moniker.
Let’s get to the good stuff. The eDELIVER 9 has it all and more when it comes to offering the customer an intelligent driving experience with several variants from which to choose, all equipped with the latest technology and at incredible value:
Pinned as a cutting-edge electric LCV built to last, the eDELIVER 9 offers outstanding performance, high efficiency and superb reliability in all conditions. It truly is the future of green motoring without sacrificing on spec.
The MAXUS eDELIVER 9 is a fully electric van of zero emissions with two size options and a remarkable range, clocking up to 353kms on a single charge and operating with a high power 150KW low energy motor. The vehicle comes with three battery options from which to choose – 51.5Kwh, 72Kwh and 88.55 Kwh (LH) with various battery cooling methods which reduce charging time (DC 45mins (5%-80%), as well as extending battery life and increases the operating range.
High Power Low Energy Motor
Rated power / Peak power: 70/150KW
DC mode: 45 minutes can charge 80% of electricity
AC mode: 5 hours
Loading compartment:
The width of the compartment is 2062mm.
Dims (mm): 5546×2062×2525 MH
5940×2062×2525 LH
Cargo volume: 11.0 cubic metres (long wheelbase)
9.7 MH (Medium wheelbase)
The new model will be rated at 3500kgs and optional 4050kgs with payloads of up to 1,700kg/51.5kWh.
With a 203ps/350Nm electric motor, the latest model from the MAXUS stable will pack a lot of punch – without the emissions.
MAXUS offers a number variants in the eDELIVER 9 range including crew cab, chassis and minibus models, while a network of specialist converters can also create a bespoke van to cater for all driver and business needs including mobility, refrigeration and specialist cargo.
Prices for the eDELIVER 9 start from €68,510 ex. VAT with the approval of a government electric vehicle grant, making it one of the best value large size all-electric vans on the market. The eDELIVER 9 is available to order now for deliveries from January 2021.
Mark Barrett, GM of Harris Maxus, commented: “Despite its challenges, 2020 has represented a new era for MAXUS in which we can offer our customers even more variety in terms of zero emission commercial vehicles. The eDELIVER 9, as the bigger, more powerful of our EVs, is the big brother to the eDELIVER 3, so our MAXUS family is expanding at pace with a Chassis variant to arrive in Q2 2021.
“The eDELIVER 9, a complete new platform, perfectly illustrates MAXUS’ focus on diversification, customisation and reputation. Everything about this van is of superior quality and showcases what we at MAXUS are all about. We want to make choosing an electric vehicle as easy as possible for customers, whether they are shopping for one vehicle or an entire fleet for their business. The eDELIVER 9 has it all in terms of spec, space and is 100% electric.”
The evolution of MAXUS’ electric vehicle range
With the launch of the eDELIVER 3 this summer, there was even more choice for businesses looking to invest in a green fleet. And now, the eDELIVER 9 is the perfect option for those looking to make the switch to electric, but in need of additional space and more battery pack options. It’s the next gamechanger.
The name behind MAXUS
Innovative, thought-leading and future-focused, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC) is the name behind MAXUS and is the largest automotive company in China. Based in Shanghai, SAIC produces almost seven million vehicles each year for both domestic and international markets and is a Fortune Global 500 listed company of almost 100,000 employees.
MAXUS is distributed across seven right-hand drive territories by Harris Maxus, a member of the Harris Group of Companies, one of the most respected and long-standing automotive companies in Ireland.
SAIC has several well-known brands within its portfolio including, since 2010, the acclaimed MAXUS range of LCV’s. SAIC has invested more than €2billion in this brand, with a strong focus on safety, innovation and the introduction of new products to the range, including a suite of EVs that are already setting the standard for the future of eco-fuelled commercial motoring. The eDELIVER 9 is the latest addition to this ever-growing suite.
Why go electric now?
Experts estimate that there will be 140 million electric vehicles on the road globally by the end of the decade as a direct result of governments signing the 2030 Paris Climate Agreement.
This means that in the next ten years, combustion engines will be phased out and everyone – businesses included – will have to think practically and seriously about greener transport options. The eDELIVER 9 is a serious contender and offers among the best value out there for businesses looking to make the switch.
Today, the Harris Group represents the MAXUS brand in a total of seven territories: the UK, Ireland, Jersey, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Malta and Cyprus. There are over 55 dealers in all territories.
Port of Gothenburg freight volumes 2018
Ford & Volkswagen Commercial Vehicle expand global alliance
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Dumb and Dumber - (1994) - Netflix
106 m - Comedies
A pair of deliriously dim-witted pals go on a madcap cross-country road trip to return a briefcase full of cash to its rightful owner.
Director: Bobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly
Cast: Teri Garr, Hank Brandt, Joe Baker, Victoria Rowell, Charles Rocket, Karen Duffy, Mike Starr, Lauren Holly, Jeff Daniels, Jim Carrey
Available Since: 01 Nov 2014
Synopsis Harry and Lloyd are two good friends who happen to be really stupid. The duo set out on a cross country trip from Providence to Aspen, Colorado to return a briefcase full of money to its rightful owner, a beautiful woman named Mary Swanson. After a trip of one mishap after another, the duo eventually make it to Aspen. But the two soon realize that Mary and her briefcase are the least of their problems.
They've Gotta Have Us
The Children of Times Square
Shin Sung-rok
Anita Louise
Manish Acharya
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Lines for Florida Panthers appear set a week into training camp
Through this first week of the Florida Panthers’ summer training camp, coach Joel Quenneville has kept his forward lines pretty much intact.
Save for Wednesday when Noel Acciari took a maintenance day and did not skate, the Panthers’ forwards have worked together in the same groups.
Near what became the end of the regular season, Quenneville split up the duo of Sasha Barkov and Jonathan Huberdeau.
Although those two have enjoyed much success together as linemates, they are apart these days and apparently will be on separate lines as the Panthers move forward toward Phase 4 in Toronto.
Friday, Quenneville held a split-squad scrimmage for the second time in the past four days.
As was the case Tuesday, the lines were the same as they have been since camp opened on Monday.
Barkov continues to center Florida’s top line with Frank Vatrano and Evgenii Dadonov on his wings. Erik Haula centers the second line with Huberdeau and Mike Hoffman flanking him.
“We finished the season together and I thought we were building some chemistry,” Hoffman said Friday.
“Obviously Huby is one of the best playmakers in the league and Haula is a great two-way center who can skate, shoot and pass. I think it makes for a good combination and hopefully we can help this team win some games.”
Huberdeau and Barkov will reunite on the Panthers’ top power play unit, though, so do not worry about that.
Quenneville plans on going into the next phase with Barkov, Huberdeau, Dadonov, Hoffman and Keith Yandle running PP1 as usual.
Florida is scheduled to fly to Toronto on July 26 with an exhibition game scheduled against the Tampa Bay Lightning on July 29 at noon.
The Panthers and New York Islanders will kick off their best-of-5 qualifying series Aug. 1 at 4 p.m.
On Friday, Quenneville said he has kept his lines together through camp in an attempt to find some lasting continuity — fully knowing things can be thrown into a blender at any time depending on how productive they are.
“In the course of a game, everyone gets a chance to play with one another whether it is late in a shift or at the start of one,” Quenneville said following Friday’s workout in Coral Springs.
“We felt over the course of the regular season, everyone sees everyone so you have a pretty good idea of how that line would look. It is easy to get playing with someone you have exposed to. But we’re not going to have that luxury too long if the lines aren’t firing and we have to make some adjustments. …
“But our goal here with lines is to get some consistency, some pace, some predictability. We felt we were better later (in the season) because we were simple and predictable around the ice and it really helped our team guy.”
Although the Panthers’ top two lines remain intact from March, there have been some changes to the bottom six as center Brian Boyle has returned from an undisclosed injury that cost him most of February and all of Florida’s games in March.
With Boyle back and centering the third line, Lucas Wallmark has slid over to the left side with Brett Connolly at right wing.
Although Boyle and Wallmark have not played together (Boyle was out of the lineup when Wallmark was acquired from Carolina at the trade deadline), he has played with Connolly both in Florida and when the two were teammates with the Lightning.
“Where we are, I think we can do a number of different things,” Boyle said Friday. “We have to be responsible, check and be hard to play against. Wherever you put me, if I am doing that, I think that’s what I am supposed to be doing for the line and time.
“You have to look at what is your bread-and-butter, what do you bring? … I think we’ll bring the element of being hard to play against, something you need at this time of the year.”
The fourth line looks much like it did before the NHL put the season on hold, with Noel Acciari centering Mark Pysyk and Colton Sceviour.
IS SAARELA NEXT MAN UP?
If the Panthers take the next step with this lineup, which forwards appear closest to cracking the lineup?
Right now it appears Aleksi Saarela would be the 13th forward and the first to slide in.
The Panthers are high on Saarela and he finished the regular season playing a bottom-six role and ended with two goals and four points in nine games with Florida.
First NHL goal for Aleksi Saarela as he pounced on a long shot off the back boards and sliced it past John Gibson. Gives #FlaPanthers a 3-1 lead in Anaheim late 2nd …
— George Richards (@GeorgeRichards) February 20, 2020
Saarela had been called up from the minors in February and played in six games before the pause — getting all four of his points during that time including two assists in the final win at St. Louis on March 9.
“Saarela is a guy who looked like he was getting better each and every game he was here,” Quenneville said.
“He certainly gave us something to think about in that last game against St. Louis. We have some guys who are proven here but we anticipate him playing for our team at some point. He gives us a versatile look either on a line or on a power play opportunity. He has been very good, very noticeable and looks like he really wants to be in that starting lineup. It is commendable.”
Rookies Eetu Luostarinen and Owen Tippett have also been getting some decent looks from the Panthers.
On defense, Florida also appears set within its top six.
MacKenzie Weegar and Aaron Ekblad appear to be the Panthers’ top pairing followed by Riley Stillman with Anton Stralman. Keith Yandle and Mike Matheson make up the bottom pairing.
Josh Brown and Brady Keeper look to be players who could slide in if there are injuries to anyone within the top six.
TRAINING CAMP, DAY 5
The Panthers held another scrimmage on Friday with Quenneville saying all 30 players were on the ice. Florida has held four practices so far and have had 100 percent participation in three of them; only Acciari missed a day.
Quenneville said Friday’s workout was “OK, wasn’t great,” saying he thought “execution was a little sloppy” following Thursday’s off day.
Later, he added that he has liked the “attitude and the commitment” the Panthers have displayed through the first four practice sessions.
“I like their work ethic, think their pace has been really solid,” Quenneville said. “Getting up to speed technically is kind of an acquired taste and getting a little more exposure to playing hockey the way we want to play.
“We want to get things to where they are automatic and that means getting to the right places. It will help us play quicker. We get that added and we’ll be very pleased.”
HEADING TO THE BUBBLE
Quenneville confirmed that the Panthers would travel to Toronto on July 26 and begin their lockdown inside the Royal York Hotel.
With the qualifying round as well as the first two rounds of the Stanley Cup playoffs held in Toronto, players could be holed up in the same place for a few months making it the longest road trip of their careers if things play out.
On Friday, players and Quenneville were asked what they would bring with them that was out of the ordinary.
While Quenneville said he was simply going to bring an extra suit or two and some additional ties, Boyle said he was going to try and work on his golf game during down time in the hotel.
“I am bringing a putter with three golf balls,” Boyle said. “I’m going to try and keep that thing going if I can. There’s going to be a lot of downtime, but this what we were born to do and love to do the most. We will eat, get rest, watch hockey and then play hockey. There is going to be no distractions.”
Related Topics:aleksander barkovaleksi saarelabrett connollybrian boyleerik haulafeaturedflapanthersFlorida Panthersflorida panthers linesflorida panthers lineupflorida panthers newsflorida panthers rosterjoel quennevillejonathan huberdeaulucas wallmarkmike hoffmannew york islandersNHL Return to PlaySasha Barkovtampa bay lightning
Can the Florida Panthers’ power play catch fire again?
Florida is a COVID-19 hotspot but Panthers don’t seem concerned
flying fluffy
shared with the question of if people think Vatrano can compete on the top line without getting into penalty trouble. I am not so sure about that.
Reply to flying fluffy
We will certainly find out
JWolf
Good on you George. Been subscribing for about a week now, this is my first comment. All the Articles I’ve read so far are great!
As for the lines, it will be interesting to see if the offense isn’t there for game 1, if Q scrambles up the lines to insert Saarella in. He was playing some good hockey going into the pause.
Reply to JWolf
Thanks Josh…if the offense isn’t there in the opener, he has already said he will change things up. No time to waste in a short series.
Reply to George Richards
Hopefully that’s not the case, and the offense is good from the get-go.
Carey Value Sharp, Ian Cole's Beard is Prepared - khelkibat.com
[…] Be careful for the Florida Panthers. Panthers traces are set (Florida hockey now) […]
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Ticket: How to Get Started as a Writer 2018/10/23 – 2018/10/23
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Erika Owens
Deepening engagement with the journalism tech community, as a Fellow
Submitted by erika on Fri, 08/02/2013 - 18:56
This year the eight Knight-Mozilla Fellows are roughly half folks who were not previously involved with journalism development and half people who have deepened their engagement with this community via the Fellowship. Last week, we heard from the first group, Fellows who took varied paths to their news organizations. This week we learned what it's like for people who have worked in newsrooms to experience those spaces as a Knight-Mozilla Fellow.
What do you mean, I get to do whatever I want? Stijn Debrouwere began the week by expressing his awe at the very premise of the Fellowship and the space it allows for exploration.
"Energy is good, though. Here’s how an OpenNews fellowship like mine works: work on whatever with whoever, learn anything, and talk about it wherever. It’s the sweetest gig ever invented, but it’s also a bit of a brain melt. When the 2013 fellows got started the most commonly asked question was “So I get to do whatever I want? WHAT DOES THAT EVEN MEAN?” (First world problems, tell me about them.)
So what have I been doing these past few months as a fellow? For starters, all sorts of funky little side projects. I’ve written a tool do do literate programming in Python, wrote my own blogging engine, spent a week researching how reproducible research can help journalism. Learned about design thinking from IDEO and about programmable media from Mark Boas."
On Fellowship: Mike Tigas meditated on the role of the group of Fellows in his experience of the Fellowship, which differed from the years he spent as a news dev at a small newspaper.
"A lot of the best parts of the fellowship are about inspiration and turning that inspiration into something great. We fellows inspire one another, we inspire other people, and we in turn, are inspired by a lot of the people we get a chance to interact with through the course of our fellowship work."
Why Civic Hackers Should Hang Out in a Newsroom: Friedrich Lindenberg described the overlap between the civic hacking and journalism worlds, which is a growing community that the Fellows got to really connect with at the Knight-MIT Civic Media Conference in June. But as Friedrich tells it, the real action is in a newsroom:
"Five months into my fellowship, I'm certain that the best place to learn how to engineer great civic applications is in a newsroom. Working to create narratives that feed into a news cycle, address a wide audience and tell a clear story is an amazing challenge for any technologist. Being involved in journalistic projects as a fellow puts you in the center of a three-way interaction between reporters, the data at the core of your story and the technologies used in its presentation."
Annabel Church also joined the Fellowship after working in news development and heard about it from her colleague at the Guardian, 2012 Knight-Mozilla Fellow Nicola Hughes. Looking back now, Nicola explains how being a developer journalist has shaped her current work:
"Even though I can no longer do whatever I want I still have immensely more creative freedom and self-governance than anyone else with ‘journalist’ in their job title. Because I am self-taught, because I don’t need any instruments in a news organisation to produce everything they can, because I hunt for ideas on GitHub and Source and from DataMiners; I cannot be managed. And the digital team at the Times Newspaper Limited are ok with that.
I see myself as a disruptive force and have been told to “keep on doing that”. I am working with a young, creative and determined team. We have huge challenges ahead of us and that makes us a team. We are a motley crew with the most diverse skills ever seen at News Corp. So my time as a fellow has carried on in spirit. You can’t undo a realisation. So I will always go where I can code stories."
2012 Fellows Dan Schultz and Laurian Gridinoc also shared their perspectives on the Fellowship. For Laurian, looking back nearly a year later, the tl;dr is:
"I had an awesome year being an Knight-Mozilla Fellow, I worked with the amazing BBC News Specials team, went to all the relevant conferences and hackathons in US and Europe, learned a lot, made amazing friends. In the end helped me find out where I wanted to be."
And Dan, hyperbolic as ever, detailed his many identities as a Knight-Mozilla Fellowship alumnus and concluded:
"By the time you complete your fellowship you will be an unstoppable force of raw digital power. You will be oxymoronically established as both an outsider and an insider (so your perspective is priceless), and you will have had 10 months to show off what you can do. Following your passion at that point is as easy as breathing, unless you're a fish.
If your dream is a startup, you will come out of this with mentors, collaborators, and understanding. If you want to teach, you have an impressive set of experiences to show off. If you want a full time job, my other fellows have shown that you can absolutely do that too."
News developers get to do amazing work. Knight-Mozilla Fellows get to experience the excitement of newsroom development, but as Mike described, the Fellowship is an opportunity to connect with a community beyond the day to day. To build relationships with a community of Fellows. To hack with civic hackers inside newsrooms and at events like the Knight-MIT Civic Media Conference. To spend the time necessary to really think and plan and analyze some of the big questions in journalism right now. To get to spend 10 months crafting your answer to whatever you want to do to contribute to this group and to the help us all better understand our world.
It's an incredible opportunity and we're looking for five more people to join this Fellowship community in 2014. The application is due August 17. Apply today.
Tweets by @erika_owens
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Premium Group Seating
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The Lowcountry's Premiere College Basketball Event
Home Basketball Charleston Classic FAQs
What is the Charleston Classic?
The Charleston Classic is an eight-team early season men’s college basketball tournament that includes 12 games through three days, with each team playing one game per day. The 2020 tournament will be played November 19, 20 & 22.
Where is it played?
The Charleston Classic is played at TD Arena on the campus of The College of Charleston. TD Arena has a capacity of 5,100 and opened in 2008 with the first annual Charleston Classic.
Which schools are in the 2020 event?
The 2020 Charleston Classic will feature College of Charleston, Florida State, Houston, Oklahoma State, Penn State, Seton Hall, Tennessee, and VCU. The full bracket and schedule will be announced this summer.
Where do fans purchase tickets?
Tickets will be available to purchase through the College of Charleston ticket office beginning in early July. In the meantime, fans can sign up for a discounted ticket pre-sale here.
Do you have any premium seating available?
A limited amount of premium group seating is available in the form of the TD Arena President’s Box and loge boxes. For more information please visit our Premium Group Seating page.
Are any VIP experiences offered?
Yes, VIP Hospitality will be available to the public again this year. Stay tuned for more information.
Do I need to purchase a ticket for my child?
Children age 3 and under do not need a ticket as long as they sit on a parents’ lap.
What is the bag policy at TD Arena?
TD Arena has a clear bag policy similar to many collegiate venues. For more information regarding which types of bags are allowed please click here.
What time do the doors open for each session?
Typically the doors will open one hour prior to each session. Exact times will be posted closer to the event.
Are travel packages available?
Discounted hotel rates will be available at a later date through our travel partner Anthony Travel. Click here for more information and to sign up for updates.
What kind of travel destination is Charleston?
Historic Charleston has been named the #1 small city in the U.S. by Travel + Leisure seven years in a row (2013-2019). The average high temperature in November is 70 degrees, making it a perfect time of year to visit. Check our Travel page or Explore Charleston’s Travel Guide for more information.
Where is TD Arena?
TD Arena is located at 301 Meeting Street in downtown Charleston, just one block from Marion Square and famed King Street.
Is parking available?
All parking for the Charleston Classic is public. There are no reserved lots or garages. The City of Charleston owns a number of parking garages, most of which are $2 an hour or a flat fee of $5-7 if accessed in the late-afternoon/evening. The closest garages to TD Arena are Marion Square/Francis Marion, Saint Phillip, and George Street. The closest with the discounted evening rate is Majestic and the Visitor’s Center. Below are some links that can help guide your decision:
Parking garage map with real-time availability
There are also a number of city owned metered spaces downtown. Please observe all signage on parking areas to avoid being ticketed or towed.
Directions from all areas north/west of Charleston
Take I-26 East into Charleston until the freeway comes to an end. Take Exit 221-B (exits to the left) and follow the signs to Meeting Street. Bear right from the exit ramp on to Meeting Street (at the light). Proceed south 0.9 miles down Meeting Street to George Street. Turn right on George Street, the TD Arena is immediately on the right.
Directions from Mount Pleasant
Proceed on Highway 17 over the Arthur Ravenel Bridge over Cooper River/harbor. Take the Meeting Street exit. Take left at the light and proceed south exactly 0.9 miles down Meeting Street to George Street. Turn right on George Street, the TD Arena is immediately on the right.
Directions from all areas south of Charleston
Proceed on Highway 17 North across the Ashley River Bridge bearing right onto Lockwood Blvd, staying in the left hand lane. At the first light, after the overpass, turn left onto Calhoun Street. Turn right at the corner of Meeting Street and Calhoun Street. (Intersection – Holiday Inn, First Citizens Bank). Go one block to George Street, the TD Arena is immediately on the right.
Discounted hotel rates will once again be available through our travel partner Anthony Travel. More information can be found on our Travel page.
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New Sledding Hill Coming to Breckenridge This Winter
Courtesy of Breckenridge Ski Resort Facebook
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has left this ski season up in the air for some, visitors will still be able to enjoy some winter fun in Breckenridge.
According to 9News, the town is building a new sledding hill in the Airport Road parking lot near downtown.
Scott Reid, Breckenridge's recreation director, told the station that the attraction, which will be free to access, is designed to offer "outdoor, socially distant, and safe" fun for families.
The town is also working on adding more free cross-country skiing and biking trails to make up for the fact that reservations at the ski resort may be limited.
The sledding hill is currently just a pile of dirt, but it's set to make its snow-covered debut in November.
Northern Colorado's 7 Best Off-Road Trails
Filed Under: Breckenridge, Family-Friendly Activities, Winter
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How sleep can help you fight off COVID
Governor Parson asks Missourians to social distance over July Fourth weekend
by: Monica Ryan, Emily Manley
Posted: Jul 2, 2020 / 02:52 PM CDT / Updated: Jul 2, 2020 / 05:54 PM CDT
JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. – During Governor Mike Parson’s coronavirus briefing Thursday afternoon, he pointed out that Missouri’s total case count is being primarily driven by new cases in Southwest Missouri, St. Louis, and Kansas City.
Parson also said those areas made up approximately 60 percent of the new cases in Missouri this week, but the rate of new cases is decreasing in the rest of the state.
Masks will be mandatory in St. Louis City and County starting Friday
When looking at hospitalizations, he said they peaked at 1,200 in early April, but now they’ve decreased to about half of that.
Parson reminded all Missourians that even though this coming weekend is the Fourth of July everyone still needs to be careful while celebrating.
“As we head into the fourth of July weekend, I want to again remind everyone to be safe, smart, and responsible. We want everyone to enjoy the holiday, but we cannot let our guard down. As you get outside and spend time with family and friends, please remember to be cautious and have social distancing as a priority. Holiday or no Holiday this is still the most important step we can take to keep Missouri on track with social distancing.”
Parson also took the time to acknowledge the new legislation he signed this week. He signed Senate Bill 591 to stop unfair and unreasonable litigation between employers and employees.
Parson signed House Bill 2120 which protects clean drinking water in schools. This law allows schools to test their water to make sure it is lead free. This is being paid for by a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency grant worth $719,000.
The governor also signed House Bill 1786 which looks to add broadband internet to unserved and underserved communities.
“And now with the challenges posted by COVID-19, access to high-speed broadband is more important than ever to our infrastructure and our economy,” Parson said. “The digital divide prevents growth in many sectors of our economy, including education, work force development, healthcare, business retention and attraction.”
Director of Broadband Development at Missouri Department of Economic Development Tim Arbeiter said they are using nearly $50 million to expand broadband, telehealth and education. Arbeiter said this money comes directly from the Cares Act and the programs they are putting in place have been designed specifically to use that money.
Of the $50 million dollars from the grant program, $20 million will go to expanding and improving high-speed broadband, $5 million will go to telehealth services, K-12 and Higher Education will receive $20 million and libraries will receive $2.5 million.
ST. LOUIS - St. Louis County Executive Dr. Sam Page is expected to make an announcement Wednesday concerning a mass COVID vaccination site.
Ferguson Mayor Ella Jones and St. Louis Community College Chancellor Dr. Jeff Pittman will join Page at his 8:30 a.m. press conference at St. Louis Community College's Florissant Valley campus.
by Monica Ryan / Jan 27, 2021
ST. LOUIS - One of the seven St. Louis City businesses ordered closed last week by the City Health Department for COVID violations will reopen Wednesday morning.
"It was all a misunderstanding, it's been cleared up," G&W Bavarian Sausage Company owner Bob Wanninger said.
by Chris Regnier / Jan 27, 2021
DES PERES, Mo. - Trucks on both sides of the river are treating the pavement for Wednesday's expected winter weather.
A MoDOT official said they have had full crews in since 3:00 a.m. Wednesday but they are basically on stand-by for the time being. Not much is going on for IDOT at this hour.
Judge disqualified from hearing cases in 21st Circuit after involved in email chain critical of Bell’s decision
Margie’s Money Saver: Big Mac, Quarter Pounder with cheese BOGO deal
Illinois / 9 hours ago
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Could Burrow not be the QB Cincy wants?
Joe Burrow has been linked to the Cincinnati Bengals ever since the AFC cellar-dwellers secured the No. 1 overall pick. But it seems that the Heisman Trophy winner isn’t the only elite QB prospect that they have their eyes on. According to NBC Sports’ Peter King, there are people within the Bengals organization who identify as “true believers” in Oregon QB Justin Herbert.
King explained that if they could be sure that Herbert was available after sliding down a few picks, the Bengals might be open to a trade and draft Herbert instead.
The Miami Dolphins (5th overall), Los Angeles Chargers (6th overall) and even the Carolina Panthers (7th overall) have the assets and aggression to move up if they want Burrow or Tua Tagovailoa with the No. 1 overall pick.
Could the market be going sour on Burrow?
NFL.com Draft analyst Bucky Brooks does not have Burrow as his top rated QB.
Brooks says he would go a different route.
Tagovailoa is the most talented QB1 in the class with a game that’s eerily similar to a left-handed version of Drew Brees. Despite an injury history that could make some decision-makers pause, Tagovailoa’s A-plus arm talent, athleticism and intangibles make him an intriguing option as a franchise quarterback
I have said from the beginning of the draft talk.
You can’t go with a guy who has 1 great season..but could not get off the bench at Ohio State.
The safe pick for Cincinnati is very simple. Stay in state and go with Chase Young from Ohio State. If you are dead set on a QB trade down. Let someone else take the risk on Joe Burrow.
About Rob Sanders
The Rundown with Rob on Fox Sports Radio 1400Read More
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Seeking freshwater pandas: the ‘flagship umbrella species’ approach
tags: Conservation, Ecology, Flagship Species, Freshwater, Gregor Kalinkat, IGB, Journal, Umbrella Species, Will Darwall
European sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), a potential ‘flagship’ species which is threatened by pollution and habitat fragmentation. Image © A. Hartl
Freshwaters are amongst the most heavily modified global ecosystems, and the rich biodiversity they support is at a disproportionate risk of extinction. Conservation and restoration efforts aimed at protecting and improving freshwater habitats are being carried out across the world, but aquatic plants and animals remain amongst the most threatened components of global biodiversity.
One reason for this shortfall may be the lack of visibility – both literally and metaphorically – for freshwater life. Freshwaters may be murky, fast-flowing, deep, cold, ice-covered or turbulent, and the biodiversity they support can often be camouflaged, elusive and difficult to spot. The rich webs of animal and plant life below the surface of freshwaters are not as immediately perceptible as a wildflower meadow or a woodland, say. And, as the ‘shifting baseline’ concept illustrates, public and political perception of the health and diversity of ecosystems can significantly influence the support (or lack thereof) afforded to conservation and restoration schemes.
The identification of flagship species for aquatic ecosystems – so-called ‘freshwater pandas’ – may help bring threatened freshwater biodiversity ‘to life’ and increase awareness of, and support for, conservation measures, according to a new open-access study published in Conservation Biology. Flagship species were defined in 2000 by conservationists Nigel Leader-Williams and Holly Dublin as “popular charismatic species that serve as symbols and rallying points to stimulate conservation awareness and action.”
According to Dr Gregor Kalinkat from the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) in Berlin, the lead author of the new study, a suite of over 60 potentially suitable freshwater ‘umbrella flagship species’ may help strengthen and target existing – but often inadequate – conservation efforts.
The yellow-winged darter (Sympetrum flaveolum), a highly ‘charismatic’ aquatic insect. Image: © André Karwath (CC BY-SA 2.5)
Flagship and umbrella species
Flagship species are typically ‘charismatic’ species which enthuse, enchant and intrigue public and political audiences with the natural world. Environmental geographer Jamie Lorimer provides a helpful typology of such non-human charisma, which may be ecological (the environmental ‘detectability’ of an organism, e.g. through a call), aesthetic (its sensory impact: e.g. cuddly, fierce, curious) and/or corporeal (its emotive impact; or, how it makes us feel). For Lorimer, these aspects of non-human charisma are combined designating flagship species for conservation. For example the human empathy and care often sparked by a panda’s ‘teddy bear’ looks and precarious life habits (surviving on nutrient-poor bamboo) has long been mobilised by the World Wildlife Fund as a flagship logo to leverage funding and support, both for the conservation of the forests on which it survives, and for threatened ecosystems worldwide.
In other words, the charisma (and in the panda’s case, this might include the simple black and white replicability of its form as a logo in a pre-digital age) of flagship species may be mobilised to help strengthen conservation efforts for other less charismatic or visible species across wider ecosystems, whether locally or globally. In this way, the flagship concept has resonances with the ‘umbrella species’ approach to conservation which aims to protect ecosystems through conservation measures targeted at a small number of ‘keystone’ species which also have ecological benefits to the wider ecosystem. However, the flagship species approach has historically been used to mobilise public awareness of nature, rather than to specifically target ‘umbrella’ ecological interactions.
The arapaima (Arapaima gigas), a ‘flagship’ fish native to the rivers and seasonal pools of Amazonia. Image: © T. Voekler (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Identifying ‘freshwater pandas’
The research team behind the new Conservation Biology study call for the established ‘flagship’ and ‘umbrella’ species concepts to be combined to define a new set of ‘flagship umbrella species’. According to the authors, such species have the potential to both raise public and political awareness of imperiled species and ecosystems, and to provide a focus-point for conservation efforts which will ‘trickle down’ and benefit wider ecological communities.
They identify over 60 potentially suitable freshwater flagship umbrella species, based on their “potential to attract public attention and funding for conservation programs as well as [their] potential to protect co-occurring biodiversity in all types of freshwater habitats.” The species – which were selected on the basis of their ‘flagship’ potential as identified in existing conservation literature – are extremely diverse and distributed across the world.
They include algae, molluscs (such as the freshwater pearl mussel), spiders endemic to peat bogs, crustaceans (such as the fairy shrimp), insects (including dragonflies and damselflies), a wide array of fish species (including sturgeon, stingray, sharks, salmonids, catfish and cod), amphibians (various frogs, toads and newts), reptiles (including turtles, crocodiles and alligators), birds (particularly cranes, pelicans and storks), and mammals (including otters, dolphins, porpoises and beavers) (see the full list here).
Some notable examples include: the baiji, a functionally extinct species of freshwater dolphin formerly found only in the Yangtze River in China; the European sturgeon, a migratory fish impacted by the fragmentation and pollution of large river basins such as the Danube; the Siberian crane a critically endangered bird with migration routes across the wetlands of Central and East Asia; and the freshwater pearl mussel, a mollusc threatened by water pollution and over-harvesting.
A flock of Siberian crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus). Image: © Crane Wu
How useful might ‘freshwater pandas’ be, and where?
It could be argued that the idea of promoting freshwater flagship species is not new: after all, the image of the Atlantic salmon is regularly used to promote river restoration efforts across Europe, and the Eurasian beaver is proving an effective (if controversial) flagship species for public debates over the forms and functions of ‘rewilded’ river catchments in the UK. Similarly, a recent study by Nishikant Gupta and colleagues describes the ‘charismatic’ ability of the golden mahseer, a river fish endemic to northern India, in bringing together river users to support conservation of its habitat. In this context, a key question is: can flagship and umbrella species be (more) useful in supporting freshwater conservation efforts, and if so, how?
A 2011 review of the conservation literature around flagship and umbrella species by environmental geographer Maan Barua yielded three important insights: first, that existing flagship and umbrella species are predominantly mammals; second, that everyday language plays a vital role in communicating environmental issues through flagships; and third, that metaphors are important in shaping public understandings and responses to conservation messages. Barua discusses how ‘mobilising metaphors’ is thus a key consideration in selecting flagship species: in other words, how might different ‘charismatic’ natures (e.g. curiosity, fragility, beauty or ugliness) be aligned to a range of environmental issues to be communicated to wider public audiences; what conservation ‘work’ might they do in the world when circulating as metaphors and abstractions?
Whilst the authors of the Conservation Biology study don’t explicitly address the same issues for flagship species selection, similar considerations circle their work. As ever, scale matters: at what scales (local, regional, global) are flagship species likely to find an audience, and what conservation messages will these audiences be receptive to? Through what channels will flagship representations ‘travel’ (e.g. social media, television), and at what scale is any resulting funding or political influence likely to feedback to influence conservation outcomes? These are big questions which require interdisciplinary research and practice if the use of freshwater flagship species is to have positive conservation outcomes.
Freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera). Image: © Joel Berglund (CC BY-SA 3.0)
The promise of new data to support ‘flagship umbrella species’
In this context, the new Conservation Biology study outlines an approach to strengthen established ‘flagship’ and ‘umbrella’ species approaches by combining them, with the aid of new data gathering techniques. In other words, the authors envision the potential of ‘flagship umbrella species’ which can both leverage public support and awareness for conservation, and provide an ecological ‘umbrella’ for conservation measures which indirectly benefit wider ecological communities.
For example, molecular methods such as environmental DNA are improving swiftly, allowing researchers to determine the existence of fish or amphibian species from simple water samples, which in the past needed to be collected painstakingly by hand or using nets. Such methods offer the potential of developing our understanding of under-researched or ‘overlooked’ (as the authors put it) freshwater biodiversity across the world, and for targeted conservation measures to be developed, implemented and communicated.
The study’s lead author Gregor Kalinkat outlines the potential of new approaches, “To date, a disproportionately large amount of research and scientific data material has been collected on land and for marine species. In order to protect freshwater species, we are in urgent need of more comprehensive data, which can be collected both cost-effectively and extensively using innovative methods.”
The freshwater ‘flagship umbrella species’ approach is – like most conservation initiatives – inherently interdisciplinary: drawing together insights from the social sciences and humanities such as charisma and issue-framing, with cutting-edge scientific methods such as environmental DNA. Whether through ‘flagships’ or ‘umbrellas’, what is clear is that increasingly threatened freshwater ecosystems are in need of new beacons for conservation research, action and hope.
Read the open-access article ‘Flagship umbrella species needed for the conservation of overlooked aquatic biodiversity‘ in Conservation Biology here.
IGB Aquatic Biodiversity Research Group
from → Conservation, Ecology, Flagship, Journal Article, MARS
← Community habitat restoration on Burnley’s rivers
Largest freshwater Mediterranean lake may dry out in this century due to climate change and abstraction →
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