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Arras Counter-Attack 1940
Posted on February 18, 2019 by Review Editor
The author, a former soldier, has written 15 well-received books but is perhaps best known as a member of the innovative team at Battlefield History TV. This is the largely untold story of how two British tank regiments counter-attacked the invading Germans, helped secure the evacuation of more than 300,000 British and French troops from the Beaches of Dunkirk and made such an impression on Rommel that he thought he was being attacked by five Divisions . – Most Highly Recommended
NAME: Arras Counter-Attack 1940
AUTHOR: Tim Saunders
PUBLISHER: Pen and Sword
SUBJECT: British Army, WWII, World War 2, World War II, Second World
War, BEF, German invasion, Dunkirk, armour
BUYNOW: http://tinyurl.com/y9bbfa9w
DESCRIPTION: The author, a former soldier, has written 15 well-received
books but is perhaps best known as a member of the innovative team at
Battlefield History TV. This is the largely untold story of how two British tank
regiments counter-attacked the invading Germans, helped secure the evacuation
of more than 300,000 British and French troops from the Beaches of Dunkirk
and made such an impression on Rommel that he thought he was being
attacked by five Divisions . - Most Highly Recommended
Arras 1940 was a complex mix of triumph and failure, great courage and determination, an indictment
of pre-war politicians who had neglected the British military, and a tantalizing glimpse of how the
sons of the Old Contemptibles showed steel to an arrogant enemy.
The author has told this story very well and supported it with a fine selection of images and maps.
This is a story that deserves to be read because it, in many respects saved Britain, and made eventual
German defeat inevitable. It also demonstrated what British soldiers could have achieved had they
been adequately support by pre-war politicians.
The British Matilda tank could not be penetrated by German anti-tank rounds. This allowed the two
tank regiments to carve their way into the German Panzers leading to large numbers of German troops
trying to surrender. Had the British infantry been adequately equipped with personnel carriers they
could have kept up with the tanks and accepted the surrender of German troops. As it was they
struggled unsuccessfully to keep up and the consolidation of gains by the armour could not be completed.
The counter attack was still a great success strategically because it shook the Germans, caused Hitler to
order the halting of the Panzer formations and allowed more troops to reach Dunkirk to be picked up
in an outstanding evacuation under fire by the Royal Navy. That provided the British with enough
soldiers to build an increasingly credible anti-invasion force around and unsettle the Germans
sufficiently to convince them that no invasion could be carried out without first winning air and sea
superiority. That hesitation allowed the RAF the time to complete preparations to prevent the loss of
air superiority and to allow for the re-equipment of the British Army, replacing heavy equipment lost
in France. It allowed the British Isles to become an unsinkable aircraft carrier off the coast of Europe
and a jumping off point for the Liberation of Europe. All achieved on the efforts of two British tank
regiments.
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Home Newswire Tim Cast pulls out of Milwaukee: 'For those who are perceivably White,...
Tim Cast pulls out of Milwaukee: 'For those who are perceivably White, it is just not safe to be here'
Aug 16, 2016: 3:31 am
A well-known journalist who frequently covers civil unrest across the country has decided to leave Milwaukee because of “racial tensions” that he observed while covering protests on Sunday night.
“For those who are perceivably white, it is just not safe to be here,” Tim Pool said in a YouTube video on Monday.
Protests in Milwaukee first erupted over the weekend, after a police officer fatally shot an armed black man on Saturday.
Pool is among several journalists covering the uprising to express concern for his safety over the weekend after the protests turned violent.
He said during Sunday’s protests that he heard members of the crowd yell comments such as “F— white people” and “What are these white people doing here?” and observed one reporter being grabbed and another being hit in the head by a protester who then attempted to incite others to attack the reporters.
#BlackLivesMatter rioters target whites: “They beating up all the white people.” #Milwaukee pic.twitter.com/G85jnYtd3k
— Paul Joseph Watson (@PrisonPlanet) August 14, 2016
Pool, who previously worked for Fusion, gained prominence in recent years for covering protests such as Occupy Wall Street in 2011 and Ferguson, Missouri, in 2014 using aerial drones and live streaming.
He said in the video that his decision to pull out was finalized when he witnessed the aftermath of a white 18-year-old being shot in the neck during the protests.
Milwaukee police have confirmed that an 18-year-old man sustained a…
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Tag Archive for: Gruppo Campari
You are here: Home / Gruppo Campari
LIGHTBLUE expands its UK presence
April 21, 2015 /0 Comments/in Regional News /by Emily Churchill-Owen
Dubai-based independent experiential agency LIGHTBLUE will open a new London office in Shoreditch. The new office will serve existing LIGHTBLUE clients, such as Gruppo Campari, and will offer a strategic base for new business opportunities as the agency continues to grow.
The new Shoreditch office will be LIGHTBLUE’s second in the UK – their first, in Glasgow, was opened in 2013. The creative outfit also has offices in Cape Town, Melbourne and Dubai, with the latter serving as its head office where the company started over seven years ago. LIGHTBLUE’s portfolio of active clients includes Reebok, Adidas, Perrier, Sony PlayStation and Costa Coffee. Outside of Dubai, the agency works with Heineken, Budweiser and Tiger beer brands as well.
The expansion comes at the same time as LIGHTBLUE celebrates its continued experiential work with Gruppo Campari on its Italian brands in the UK.
“LIGHTBLUE’s growth into other markets has been steady and while it is common for companies with large networks to move to places like Dubai from London, it is quite rare to see an independent outfit like ours move in the opposite direction,” says David Balfour, Managing and Creative Partner, LIGHTBLUE. “I think it shows our ambitious intent and it’s a move that we’re all very excited about.”
http://the-media-network.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/LIGHTBLUE.png 450 450 Emily Churchill-Owen http://the-media-network.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Logo-300x70.png Emily Churchill-Owen2015-04-21 17:48:132015-11-08 11:49:42LIGHTBLUE expands its UK presence
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Lot 95, Township 12
By RJ Lara with research support from The Winterthur Museum, Garden & Library and the University of Delaware
"The sharp axe of the sable-armed pioneer should at once be lifted over the soil of Franklin and Essex Counties..." -Frederick Douglass, The North Star, February 18, 1848
Two years after Gerrit Smith announced his settlement plans in North Elba, New York, John Brown visited Smith at his home in Peterboro, New York in 1848. At the time Brown was embroiled in a failing wool brokerage business in Springfield, Massachusetts, and, seeing a role for himself in the North Elba venture, purchased from Smith two hundred and forty acres of land for one dollar an acre. Brown purchased Lot 95 which was adjacent to Timbucto, and he took it upon himself to teach the “Smith Land” grantees how to clear and effectively cultivate the challenging land of the Adirondacks. In May of 1849, Brown moved his wife and seven children to North Elba where, until 1851, he rented a farm from Cone Flanders—a short distance from Lot 95. Soon, due to financial trouble, Brown with his wife and young children, moved to Akron, Ohio, but he left Lot 95 in the care of his daughter and son-in-law who built a house on the property in 1855. In June of that year, Brown returned to North Elba with his family and took up residence in the house. Thus, Lot 95 became the John Brown Farm. Brown, however, left again for Kansas in August of 1855 to begin the armed struggle against pro-slavery forces that he is largely remembered for today. John Brown returned to North Elba on six brief occasions before his death in 1859. The family ultimately sold the farm and moved away from North Elba in 1863.
John Brown was neither a leader nor pioneer in the Timbucto community. Rather, he was one important figure among several in North Elba. There are numerous accounts of Brown supporting the residents of Timbucto during his residency in the Adirondacks, however, he ultimately found what he believed to be a greater purpose in the anti-slavery movement away from North Elba. In the last decade of his life, Brown did consider North Elba his home and requested that his body be buried on his farm upon his death. Brown continues to be an important historic figure in North Elba as his home and grave have been a place for pilgrims to remember both his role as an abolitionist and the legacy of the Timbucto community.
The John Brown Farmhouse ~ Source: Boyd B. Stutler Collection, West Virginia State Archives ~ Creator: McClellan ~ Date: Unknown
John Brown in 1846: According to the West Virginia State Archives, this is the earliest known picture of John Brown. It was taken in Springfield, Massachusetts. ~ Source: Boyd B. Stutler Collection, West Virginia State Archives ~ Creator: Unknown ~ Date: 1846
Cone Flanders House: This was the house the Brown's rented from 1849-1851. ~ Source: Boyd B. Stutler Collection, West Virginia State Archives ~ Creator: Unknown ~ Date: Unknown
Front View of the John Brown Farmhouse ~ Source: Boyd B. Stutler Collection, West Virginia State Archives ~ Creator: Unknown ~ Date: Unknown
The John Brown Homestead ~ Source: Boyd B. Stutler Collection, West Virginia State Archives ~ Creator: S.R. Stoddard ~ Date: 1888
John Brown c.1856: According to the West Virginia State Archives, this picture was taken in Kansas. ~ Source: Boyd B. Stutler Collection, West Virginia State Archives ~ Creator: Unknown ~ Date: c.1856
115 John Brown Road Lake Placid, NY 12946
https://parks.ny.gov/historic-sites/29/details.aspx
RJ Lara, “John Brown's Farmhouse,” UpstateHistorical, accessed January 17, 2022, http://upstatehistorical.org/items/show/53.
The Timbucto Agricultural Colony
Early Settlers & Settlement
Adirondack Experience. "Timbucto: African American History in the Adirondacks." Adirondack Journal. https://www.theadkx.org/about-us/adirondack-journal/timbucto-african-american-history-adirondacks/ Caudell, Robin. "Take 2 of 'Dreaming of Timbuctoo'." Out & About. Press Republican. July 6, 2016. http://www.pressrepublican.com/news/take-of-dreaming-of-timbuctoo/article_f234098e-580d-5e96-a6a2-2e4b47b1a5b4.html Essex County, New York. "Essex County Map Viewer." Fountains Spatial, Inc. Essex County Real Property Tax Services. http://essex-gis.co.essex.ny.us/ Gobrecht, Lawrence E. "National Historic Landmark Nomination: John Brown Farm and Gravesite." National Historic Landmarks Survey, National Park Service. November 21, 1997. PDF. "John Brown and Timbuctoo: An Educator Resource Site." Albany.edu. http://www.albany.edu/history/digital/KrakatJohnBrown/index.html "John Brown's Farm - North Elba, NY." New York History Net. http://www.nyhistory.com/gerritsmith/nelba.htm Jones, Katherine Butler. "They Called it Timbucto." Orion, Winter 1998. http://katherinebutlerjones.com/content/orion_timbucto.pdf MacKenzie, Mary. The Plains of Abraham: A History of North Elba & Lake Placid. Edited by Lee Manchester. Lake Placid, NY: Lake Placid Public Library Edition, 2010. http://www.cefls.org/ebooks/plainsofabraham1.pdf Manchester, Lee. "John Brown, revisited & revised." Lake Placid News. April 8, 2005. http://www.aarch.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/050408VLPJohnBrownrevised1.pdf McDaniel, W. Caleb. "In Search of John Brown’s Timbucto, Part I." Rice.edu. August 11, 2010. http://wcm1.web.rice.edu/john-brown-timbuctoo-part1.html National Park Service. "John Brown Farm and Gravesite." Aboard the Underground Railroad. https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/ny4.htm New York State Museum. "NYS MUSEUM OPENS EXHIBIT OCT. 8 REVEALING LOCAL TIES TO 'TIMBUCTOO'." Office of Communications. October 1, 2003. http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/press/nys-museum-opens-exhibit-oct-8-revealing-local-ties-timbuctoo Smith, Kaidian. "Dreaming of Timbuctoo..." APN Magazine, Winter 2003. http://www.apnmag.com/Back%20in%20the%20Day/winter2003/Timbuctoo/timbucto.htm Sanborn, F. B., ed. The Life and Letters of John Brown, Liberator of Kansas an Martyr of Virginia. Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1885. Stauffer, John, ed. The Works of James McCune Smith: Black Intellectual and Abolitionist. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. "Timbuctoo." History, Adirondack.net. https://www.adirondack.net/history/timbuctoo/ West Virginia State Archives. "Chapter Two: Springfield and North Elba." In ’His Soul Goes Marching On’: The Life and Legacy of John Brown. http://www.wvculture.org/history/jbexhibit/jbchapter2.html
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shea moisture african water mint conditioner
She is the eldest of three children. When you look at me like that, There's no need to worry when Please Don't Say You Love Me Romance. Adeline Ember Jules- A 25 year old woman who has just finished university for design and business. Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping when you look at me like that. Everything falls into place [23] The song has been described as a departure from her previously guitar-driven sound on Light Up the Dark, and the production as being much less 'bare bones' than her previous efforts. The song went on to top the UK Singles Chart in December 2012. [20] Aplin visited Brazil in May to make a cameo appearance in the final episode of the soap. Following her appearance and a live performance on Domingão do Faustão "Home" reached number 1 on the Brazilian iTunes chart, marking Aplin's fourth number 1 single worldwide. Please Don't Say You Love Me Romance. [3], Aplin's first release was the five-track Acoustic EP, which she self-released under her own label, Never Fade Records, on 13 September 2010. Cause I might not say it back, She said of the decision, "I really enjoy getting involved with everything—from my image to my artwork. She rose to prominence the following November when she was selected to record the soundtrack for a John Lewis television commercial with a cover of Frankie Goes to Hollywood's "The Power of Love", which went on to top the UK Singles Chart. [11] The song went on to top the UK Singles Chart in December 2012. Listen free to Gabrielle Aplin â Please Don't Say You Love Me (Please Don't Say You Love Me, Stranger Side and more). F C Just please don't say you love me G Am 'cause I might not say it back. Music video of Gabrielle Aplin Please don't say you love me acoustic guitar cover performed by Singer song writer Marc Sugier. Become A Better Singer In Only 30 Days, With Easy Video Lessons! The album announcement also featured the release of the title track's music video. Under pressure precious things can break, Summer comes, winter fades Here we are just the same Donât need pressure, donât need change Letâs not give the game away. Saint Raymond has since departed Never Fade Records. You see just where we're at Waiting for a full time job she currently works as a barista at the local coffee shop. PLEASE DON'T SAY YOU LOVE ME | GEORGE MACKAY 5K Reads 137 Votes 10 Part Story. After amassing a following for her acoustic music covers on YouTube, Aplin signed a recording deal with Parlophone in February 2012. [33], Aplin is vegan. English Rain has since been certified Gold in the UK, selling over 100,000 copies. Cause I might not say it back âPLEASE DONâT SAY YOU LOVE MEâ â this is the name of my recent book. Just please don't say you love me Cause I might not say it back Please don't say you love me, Cause I might not say it back, Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping When you look at me like that And there's no need to worry when You see just where we're at Just please don't say you love me Please Don't Say You Love Me Romance. Aplin's parents bought her her first guitar when she was 11 years old. Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping Just please don't say you love me 'cause I might not say it back Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping when you look at me like that Theres no need to worry when You see just where we're at Just please don't say you love me 'cause I might not say it back Prosím, neÅíkej, že mÄ milujeÅ¡ Protože bych ti to nemusela Åíct taky Home. Adeline Ember Jules- A 25 year old woman who has just finished university for design and business. Cause I might not say it back YOU ARE READING. And there's no need to worry when Waiting for a full time job she currently works as a barista at the local coffee shop. Her first major label single titled " Please Don't Say You Love Me " was released on 10 February 2013. Loaded: 0%. It's been quite nice to be in control. There used to be an empty space, Summer comes, winter fades Here we are just the same We don't need pressure, we don't need change Let's not give the game away There used to be an empty space A photograph without a face But with your presence, and your grace Everything falls into place Just please don't say you love me 'Cause I might not say it back Doesn't ⦠4 tracks (12:45). [29][30] Aplin collaborated with Hannah Grace on a Christmas extended play titled December, which was released on 4 December 2018. [12] On 13 May 2013, Aplin released her debut album, English Rain. [8] Her first major label single titled "Please Don't Say You Love Me" was released on 10 February 2013. Progress: 0%. But with your presence and your grace, Trending. Just please don't say you love me 'cause I might not say it back Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping when you look at me like that Theres no need to worry when you see just where we're at Just please don't say you love me 'cause I might not say it back Prosím nehovor, že ma ľúbiÅ¡, pretože by som ti to možno nepovedala naspäÅ¥. [34], Aplin at Bestival Festival, Isle of Wight in 2015, "Gabrielle Aplin: the jingle belle who rocks the John Lewis Christmas ad", "Wiltshire singer's big radio opportunity", "Gabrielle Aplin to support Gotye on European tour", "Tip of the Week: Gabrielle Aplin – Home", "Gabrielle Aplin – Out On My Own (Home EP now available on iTunes)", "Bath singer Gabrielle Aplin signs recording deal", "Gabrielle Aplin covers Frankie Goes To Hollywood classic", "Gabrielle Aplin: The Power of a Christmas John Lewis advert? ", "Power of Love cover claims number one spot", "Gabrielle Aplin interview: 'I don't even know if I can sing, "Gabrielle Aplin Reacts to Chart Success", "Parlophone's Gabrielle Aplin launches own label", "Nottingham musician Saint Raymond signs major label deal", "Gabrielle Aplin: Singer-Songwriter Announces New Album 'Light Up The Dark, "Listen to Gabrielle Aplin's Light Up the Dark – exclusive album stream", "Gabrielle Aplin estreia no Brasil embalada pelo sucesso de 'Home', em 'Totalmente Demais, "Gabrielle Aplin Switches It Up With "Miss You, "Gabrielle Aplin says there's so much to write about now she's independent", "Gabrielle Aplin - Avalon CD EP (Signed) - TM Stores", "Gabrielle Aplin interview: "I didn't try to change, I just stopped trying not to", "Gabrielle Aplin on Instagram: "Chapter 3 begins! Sheet music arranged for Piano/Vocal/Guitar, and Singer Pro in C Major (transposable). Cause I think this could be more, You see just where we're at [17] The video for the second single from Light Up the Dark, "Sweet Nothing," was released on 6 August 2015. Please don't say you love me 'Cause I might not say it back Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping when You look at me like that There's no need to worry when You see just where we're at Overall 5 out of 5 stars. Just please don't say you love me. Am C Ive been fooled before, Am This time Im gonna slow down, F cause I think this could be more , C G The thing Im looking for. When you look at me like that Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping A book that will cover every single aspect of a relationship with narcissist person, how to deal with codependent relationships and finally how to get rid of a disrespectful and abusive partner. Just please don't say you love me 'Cause I might not say it back . [22], On 9 November 2016, Aplin released "Miss You", the first single from the extended play of the same name. Current Time 0:00 / Duration Time 0:00. You see just where we're at Just please don't say you love me, The thing I'm looking for [1] Aplin went on to study music at Bath College,[2] participating in the college's in-house label, BA1 Records. Let's not give the game away [21] On 26 June, Aplin played on Glastonbury Festival at the Acoustic stage and then at BBC Introducing stage. [6] She described Home as "the most honest thing I've ever written and recorded. [4] In April 2011, Aplin was invited to perform for BBC Introducing at Maida Vale Studios, where she played three tracks from Never Fade and a cover of the Coldplay song "Fix You,"[2] which was the most-viewed video on the BBC Introducing YouTube channel. When you look at me like that. And there's no need to worry when "[7], On 29 February 2012, Aplin announced that she had signed a deal with Parlophone Records. And fools rush in It is a very insightful audiobook about Native American culture. Here we are just the same, Bridge F Fools rush in. [13] Following its release, English Rain charted at number two on both the UK and Scottish album charts, selling over 35,000 copies. It debuted at number two on the UK Album Chart and led to more singles: "Please Don't Say You Love Me", "Panic Cord", "Home" and "Salvation". doesn't mean my heart stops skipping when you look at me like that." A photograph without a face, Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping Discover more music, concerts, videos, and pictures with the largest catalogue online at Last.fm. "[25] Aplin released a single titled "Waking Up Slow" on 9 August 2017. Gabrielle Ann Aplin (born 1992) is an English singer-songwriter. [5] Aplin released her third EP, Home, on 12 February 2012, again under Never Fade Records. Heavy words are hard to take, PLEASE DONâT SAY YOU LOVE ME (GABRIELLE APLIN COVER) Play Video. [19], In 2016, Aplin gained popularity in Brazil when her song "Home" was used in the popular soap opera Totalmente Demais. And there's no need to worry when Print and download Please Don't Say You Love Me sheet music by Gabrielle Aplin. Later that year, Aplin was confirmed as the soundtrack to the John Lewis 2012 Christmas television advertisement, covering Frankie Goes to Hollywood's "The Power of Love". F C Just please don't say you love me G F C Am G F C Am G 'cause I might not say it back. Please Don't Say You Love Me. Adeline Ember Jules- A 25 year old woman who has just finished university for design and business. And I've been fooled before, This time I'm gonna slow it down, Recently watched. Music video of Gabrielle Aplin Please don't say you love me acoustic guitar cover performed by Singer song writer Marc Sugier. You see just where we're at Just please don't say you love me Cause I might not say it back Heavy words are hard to take, Under pressure precious things can break, And how we feel is hard to fake, So let's not give the game away Just please don't say you love me, Cause I might not say it back, Doesn't mean my heart stops skipping So I ⦠Just please don't say you love me [Verse 2] F C Am G F Heavy words are hard to take, C Am G F Under pressure, precious things can break, C Am G F And how we feel is hard to fake, C Am G F F So let's not give the game away. Play. Cause I might not say it back On 27 March 2019, Aplin released the second single titled "Nothing Really Matters" from her third album,[31] followed by another single titled "Losing Me", which features English singer JP Cooper, on 14 August. [14], In 2013, Aplin's record label, Never Fade Records, signed Welsh folk-jazz singer Hannah Grace, who had previously supported Aplin on tour, and indie folk artist Saint Raymond to deals. There used to be an empty space A photograph without a face But with your presence and your grace Everything falls into place. [28], Aplin announced the first single from her third album, "My Mistake", on 20 November 2018; it was released on 28 November, with Aplin describing it as her "most honest and raw song to date". I'm so happy to announce my new single My Mistake, out on 28/11/18! [27] "Waking Up Slow" was lauded as one of the best pop songs of 2017 by Popjustice. Aplin grew up in Chippenham in Wiltshire. Youtube connect. © 2021 METROLYRICS, A RED VENTURES COMPANY. F C Just please don't say you love me G Am cause I might not say it back. [24], In February 2017, Aplin parted ways with Parlophone Records to focus on releasing material via her own independent record label, Never Fade Records. [26] She then released her next EP, Avalon, on 6 October. Mute. [32] The album, titled Dear Happy, was released on 17 January 2020. "Please Don't Say You Love Me" by Gabrielle Aplin Most of the tabs for this song were quite good, but I noticed the bridge was almost always missing. A music video to accompany the release of "Please Don't Say You Love Me" was first released onto YouTube on 27 July 2012 at a total length of three minutes and twenty-eight seconds, starring Agents of SHIELD's Iain De Caestecker and the actress Ophelia Lovibond. "Sequel to "Stop" Cover by slothtato #allybrooke #alyciadebnamcarey #camilacabello #dinahjane #elizataylor #fifthharmony #laurenjauregui #lindseymorgan #normanikordei #the100 #wattys2017. Aplin's second album, Light Up the Dark, was released in September 2015, followed by the release of her third album, Dear Happy, in January 2020. Just please don't say you love me There's no need to worry when you see just where we're at. Don't need pressure, don't need change, YOU ARE READING. [34] She is in a relationship with musician Alfie Hudson-Taylor. 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TURKISH MELODIES IN BOSTON
TAHİR AYDOĞDU, kanun
Murat Akçay’s Concerto for Kanun & Strings
U.S. Premiere
HÜLYA AYDOĞDU, soloist
Onur Dilişen, first violin
Michael Hustedde, second violin
Rosie Samter, viola
Rachel Gawell, cello
Cody Clark, double bass
Internationally acclaimed kanun virtuoso Tahir Aydoğdu, in the first half of the concert will give a recital, followed by a selection of Turkish classical music songs, accompanied by vocalist Hülya Aydoğdu. In the second half, Tahir Aydoğdu will perform Murat Akçay's (1970) Concerto for Kanun and Strings for the first time in the United States. The concert will continue with two short pieces & will end with Nihavend Longa, composed by violinist (kemanî) Kevser Hanım (1887).
Go to CONCERT PROGRAM
Born in İstanbul in 1959 , Tahir Aydoğdu graduated from Physics Department of the Middle East Technical University in Ankara (METU). He began his music studies while in high school. He received his first formal music training from his father Gültekin Aydoğdu, who is a kanun player at TRT Ankara Radio, and conductor of the Turkish Fasıl Ensemble. Later on, Tahir Aydoğdu continued to study music with distinguished musicians experts in Turkish music. Following his graduation from METU in 1983, he was appointed to the TRT Ankara Radio Turkish Music Ensemble as a kanun player. In addition to the concerts he gave in Turkey, he also performed in many significant musical venues in the U.S. and Asia, playing with renowned musicians and ensembles, including the "Modern Folk Trio" (Modern Folk Uclusu), with whom he worked for 8 years. He also played in many concerts with the jazz ensemble, "AsiaMinor", whose musical goal was to bring together Turkish Music and Jazz. In addition to his worldwide performances, Tahir Aydoğdu also has given presentations in numerous international workshops, seminars, and festivals about "kanun" in particular, and Turkish music in general.
One of the highest honors Aydoğdu has received was the appreciation prize presented to him, as a musician and as a successful graduate of the university, by the Council of the M.E.T.U. in Ankara on May 25th, 2001. In May 2006 he received another important prize, this time from the National Olympic Committee, in recognition of his efforts to promote Turkish music and Turkish culture through radio programs which he had made for TRT Radyo 4. He has also contributed to the education of many students through his lectures and workshops at the Shool of Music and Fine Arts of the METU and Gazi University. Over the years, he has also directed many Turkish Classical Music Choirs.
Tahir Aydoğdu has been playing Ferid Alnar’s “Concerto for Kanun and the Strings” (1906-1978) since 1997 with different string orchestras and string quintets, in Turkey and abroad.
A member of the World Simbalom Association based in Budapest , Aydoğdu is an active kanun player at TRT Ankara Radio. His solo album “Hasret” was produced by “Kalan Music” in İstanbul in July 2004. He has produced 29 CD’s with different musicians and groups up to now, at home and abroad.His Kanun Method Book (published by Yurt Renkleri, Ankara,October 2004) teaches not only how to play the kanun, but also on how to build and repair.
170 Beacon Street, Boston
Limited Seating
$15 if purchased online in advance $20 at the door - CASH ONLY
BUY TICKETS >
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Life imitating art? The million dollar scandal emerging from The Wolf of Wall Street
#theburodaily
Site: Anna McClelland
Not since the original Zoolander has the Malaysian Prime Minister been linked to Hollywood like this
It grossed approximately US$400 million and garnered five Academy Award nominations, but the heady decadence of The Wolf of Wall Street pales in comparison to the scandal now emerging - one that involves not only Hollywood heavyweights, but US investment bank Goldman Sachs and, most bizarrely, the Prime Minister of Malaysia's stepson.
The Wall Street Journal has reported that Malaysian state fund 1MDB, which was set up by the Malaysian Prime Minister and purports to support local economic development, actually funded over $100 million of the movie's production costs. The FBI is investigating 1MDB, along with production company Red Granite and Goldman Sachs, which was involved in 1MDB's administration and helped to raise $6.5 billion for the fund.
How did a Malaysian state fund become at all affiliated with an R-rated Hollywood film helmed by Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio? The film's racy content made it difficult to find investors, taking six years to get off the ground before Red Granite Pictures stepped in, providing over $100 million - even though it had only ever produced one movie.
This is where it gets dodgy - the chairman of Red Granite is none other than the Malaysian Prime Minister's stepson, Riza Aziz. According to The Wall Street Journal, it appears IMDB money was moving out of Malayisa via Red Granite, which was using it not only to fund The Wolf of Wall Street, but to support the extravagant lifestyles of Aziz and his friend, notorious New York property investor Low Taek Jho, who moves in circles including DiCaprio and Paris Hilton.
Red Granite also forked out roughly $600,000 on Marlon Brando's Oscar statue as a birthday gift for DiCaprio three months after shooting began, and six months after its release, the trio - DiCaprio, Aziz and Low - lived it up aboard a Saudi-owned, 482-foot yacht and attend the World Cup in Rio together.
The scandal first came to light when 1MDB's $11 billion debt raised questions within Malaysia, triggering investigations from authorities around the world, including the FBI. Goldman Sachs now faces a congressional hearing into its dealings in Malaysia, with the bank's South East Asia chairman, Tim Leissner, taking a leave of absence last month, according to The Guardian.
Clearly no-one involved watched the original film - the bad guys always get caught.
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Key Ideas:
The Religions of India, China, and Japan
The Great Statue of Buddha Amitabha in Kamakura, Japan
All present-day world religions originated in Asia. The three major monotheistic religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam originated in the Near East, and Hinduism and Buddhism, both polytheistic religions, find their roots in India. While Buddhism has also become popular in the Western world today, religions such as Hinduism in India, Confucianism in China, and Shinto in Japan are closely tied to, and have also significantly influenced, the cultures and social structures of their respective countries and regions.
In the sixth century B.C., the "reformer" Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) rejected the caste system associated with Hinduism and propagated universal compassion and nonviolence toward all living things. He did not see himself as the founder of a religion but rather as an advocate of a self-redeeming doctrine that had strong ethical traits. The underlying belief of Buddha's philosophy was that human existence, fundamentally, meant suffering. His goal was to overcome suffering, which he believed was caused by worldly desires and passions. This goal could be achieved, he believed, by immersion in the true nature of things and the rejection of self and would culminate in nirvana. Nirvana, directly translated as "nothing," is the cessation of the reincarnation cycle and the liberation from suffering as a result of this release from existence on Earth.
As Buddhism spread through Asia, and the monks and laity built their own organizational structures, it absorbed elements of folk religions. The development of the compassionate redemption figure (bodhisattva) was one result. Graduallv Buddhism evolved into a religion with its own temples and cults.
The early rulers of India, from the sixth century B.C. on, installed Buddhism as a form of state religion, so that Hinduism was, at times, completely suppressed on the subcontinent.
Buddhism split into several differing schools: Hinayana ("lesser vehicle") Buddhism, with its 5 austere monks, and the more diverse and liberal Mahayana ("greater vehicle") Buddhism are two of the most significant schools.
Contemporary 2 Tibetan Buddhism headed by the Dalai Lama represents a form of Vajrayana Buddhism.
2 Shakyamuni Buddha, Tibetan statue,
eleventh century
5 Sacrificial ceremony with Buddhist priests
and monks in the temple area of
Swayambunath in Kathmandu, Nepal
A Greco-Buddhist statue,
one of the first representations of the Buddha,
1st-2nd century CE, Gandhara.
Buddha and Bodhisattvas, 11th century, Pala Empire.
Statue of the Bodhisattva Lokesvara,
Cambodia, 12th century.
Cambodian Buddha, 14th century.
Seated Buddha, Gandhara, 2nd century CE.
Gautama Buddha, 1st century CE, Gandhara
Chinese Seated Buddha, Tang Dynasty,
Chinese Buddhism is of the Mahayana tradition,
with popular schools today being Pure Land and Zen.
Typical interior of a temple in Korea
Mahabodhi temple in Bodhgaya,
India, where Buddha attained Nirvana under the Bodhi Tree (left)
A Statue of the Buddha in Tawang Gompa, India
Ancient Buddhist scripture and doctrine developed in several closely related literary languages of ancient India, especially in Pali and Sanskrit. In this article Pali and Sanskrit words that have gained currency in English are treated as English words and are rendered in the form in which they appear in English-language dictionaries. Exceptions occur in special circumstances�as, for example, in the case of the Sanskrit term dharma (Pali: dhamma), which has meanings that are not usually associated with the English �dharma.� Pali forms are given in the sections on the core teachings of early Buddhism that are reconstructed primarily from Pali texts and in sections that deal with Buddhist traditions in which the primary sacred language is Pali. Sanskrit forms are given in the sections that deal with Buddhist traditions whose primary sacred language is Sanskrit and in other sections that deal with traditions whose primary sacred texts were translated from Sanskrit into a Central or East Asian language such as Tibetan or Chinese.
The foundations of Buddhism � The cultural context
Buddhism arose in northeastern India sometime between the late 6th century and the early 4th century bce, a period of great social change and intense religious activity. There is disagreement among scholars about the dates of the Buddha�s birth and death. Many modern scholars believe that the historical Buddha lived from about 563 to about 483 bce. Many others believe that he lived about 100 years later (from about 448 to 368 bce). At this time in India, there was much discontent with Brahmanic (Hindu high-caste) sacrifice and ritual. In northwestern India there were ascetics who tried to create a more personal and spiritual religious experience than that found in the Vedas (Hindu sacred scriptures). In the literature that grew out of this movement, the Upanishads, a new emphasis on renunciation and transcendental knowledge can be found. Northeastern India, which was less influenced by the Aryans who had developed the main tenets and practices of the Vedic Hindu faith, became the breeding ground of many new sects. Society in this area was troubled by the breakdown of tribal unity and the expansion of several petty kingdoms. Religiously, this was a time of doubt, turmoil, and experimentation.
A proto-Samkhya group (i.e., one based on the Samkhya school of Hinduism founded by Kapila) was already well established in the area. New sects abounded, including various skeptics (e.g., Sanjaya Belatthiputta), atomists (e.g., Pakudha Kaccayana), materialists (e.g., Ajita Kesakambali), and antinomians (i.e., those against rules or laws�e.g., Purana Kassapa). The most important sects to arise at the time of the Buddha, however, were the Ajivikas (Ajivakas), who emphasized the rule of fate (niyati), and the Jains, who stressed the need to free the soul from matter. Although the Jains, like the Buddhists, have often been regarded as atheists, their beliefs are actually more complicated. Unlike early Buddhists, both the Ajivikas and the Jains believed in the permanence of the elements that constitute the universe, as well as in the existence of the soul.
Despite the bewildering variety of religious communities, many shared the same vocabulary�nirvana (transcendent freedom), atman (�self� or �soul�), yoga (�union�), karma (�causality�), Tathagata (�one who has come� or �one who has thus gone�), buddha (�enlightened one�), samsara (�eternal recurrence� or �becoming�), and dhamma (�rule� or �law�)�and most involved the practice of yoga. According to tradition, the Buddha himself was a yogi�that is, a miracle-working ascetic.
Buddhism, like many of the sects that developed in northeastern India at the time, was constituted by the presence of a charismatic teacher, by the teachings this leader promulgated, and by a community of adherents that was often made up of renunciant members and lay supporters. In the case of Buddhism, this pattern is reflected in the Triratna�i.e., the �Three Jewels� of Buddha (the teacher), dharma (the teaching), and sangha (the community).
In the centuries following the founder�s death, Buddhism developed in two directions represented by two different groups. One was called the Hinayana (Sanskrit: �Lesser Vehicle�), a term given to it by its Buddhist opponents. This more conservative group, which included what is now called the Theravada (Pali: �Way of the Elders�) community, compiled versions of the Buddha�s teachings that had been preserved in collections called the Sutta Pitaka and the Vinaya Pitaka and retained them as normative. The other major group, which calls itself the Mahayana (Sanskrit: �Greater Vehicle�), recognized the authority of other teachings that, from the group�s point of view, made salvation available to a greater number of people. These supposedly more advanced teachings were expressed in sutras that the Buddha purportedly made available only to his more advanced disciples.
As Buddhism spread, it encountered new currents of thought and religion. In some Mahayana communities, for example, the strict law of karma (the belief that virtuous actions create pleasure in the future and nonvirtuous actions create pain) was modified to accommodate new emphases on the efficacy of ritual actions and devotional practices. During the second half of the 1st millennium ce, a third major Buddhist movement, Vajrayana (Sanskrit: �Diamond Vehicle�), or Esoteric Buddhism, developed in India. This movement was influenced by gnostic and magical currents pervasive at that time, and its aim was to obtain spiritual liberation and purity more speedily.
Despite these vicissitudes, Buddhism did not abandon its basic principles. Instead, they were reinterpreted, rethought, and reformulated in a process that led to the creation of a great body of literature. This literature includes the Pali Tipitaka (�Three Baskets�)�the Sutta Pitaka (�Basket of Discourse�), which contains the Buddha�s sermons; the Vinaya Pitaka (�Basket of Discipline�), which contains the rule governing the monastic order; and the Abhidhamma Pitaka (�Basket of Special [Further] Doctrine�), which contains doctrinal systematizations and summaries. These Pali texts have served as the basis for a long and very rich tradition of commentaries that were written and preserved by adherents of the Theravada community. The Mahayana and Vajrayana/Esoteric traditions have accepted as Buddhavacana (�the word of the Buddha�) many other sutras and tantras, along with extensive treatises and commentaries based on these texts. Consequently, from the first sermon of the Buddha at Sarnath to the most recent derivations, there is an indisputable continuity�a development or metamorphosis around a central nucleus�by virtue of which Buddhism is differentiated from other religions.
Giuseppe Tucci
Joseph M. Kitagawa
Frank E. Reynolds
The foundations of Buddhism � The life of the Buddha
The teacher known as the Buddha lived in northern India sometime between the mid-6th and the mid-4th centuries before the Common Era. In ancient India the title buddha referred to an enlightened being who has awakened from the sleep of ignorance and achieved freedom from suffering. According to the various traditions of Buddhism, buddhas have existed in the past and will exist in the future. Some Buddhists believe that there is only one buddha for each historical age, others that all beings will become buddhas because they possess the buddha nature (tathagatagarbha).
The historical figure referred to as the Buddha (whose life is known largely through legend) was born on the northern edge of the Ganges River basin, an area on the periphery of the ancient civilization of North India, in what is today southern Nepal. He is said to have lived for 80 years. His family name was Gautama (in Sanskrit) or Gotama (in Pali), and his given name was Siddhartha (Sanskrit: �he who achieves his aim�) or Siddhatta (in Pali). He is frequently called Shakyamuni, �the sage of the Shakya clan.� In Buddhist texts he is most commonly addressed as Bhagavat (often translated as �Lord�), and he refers to himself as the Tathagata, which can mean both �one who has thus come� and �one who has thus gone.� Traditional sources on the date of his death�or, in the language of the tradition, his �passage into nirvana��range from 2420 to 290 bce. Scholarship in the 20th century limited this range considerably, with opinion generally divided between those who believed he lived from about 563 to 483 bce and those who believed he lived about a century later.
Information about his life derives largely from Buddhist texts, the earliest of which were produced shortly before the beginning of the Common Era and thus several centuries after his death. According to the traditional accounts, however, the Buddha was born into the ruling Shakya clan and was a member of the Kshatriya, or warrior, caste. His mother, Maha Maya, dreamt one night that an elephant entered her womb, and 10 lunar months later, while she was strolling in the garden of Lumbini, her son emerged from under her right arm. His early life was one of luxury and comfort, and his father protected him from exposure to the ills of the world, including old age, sickness, and death. At age 16 he married the princess Yashodhara, who would eventually bear him a son. At 29, however, the prince had a profound experience when he first observed the suffering of the world while on chariot rides outside the palace. He resolved then to renounce his wealth and family and live the life of an ascetic. During the next six years, he practiced meditation with several teachers and then, with five companions, undertook a life of extreme self-mortification. One day, while bathing in a river, he fainted from weakness and therefore concluded that mortification was not the path to liberation from suffering. Abandoning the life of extreme asceticism, the prince sat in meditation under a tree and received enlightenment, sometimes identified with understanding the Four Noble Truths. For the next 45 years, the Buddha spread his message throughout northeastern India, established orders of monks and nuns, and received the patronage of kings and merchants. At the age of 80, he became seriously ill. He then met with his disciples for the last time to impart his final instructions and passed into nirvana. His body was then cremated and the relics distributed and enshrined in stupas (funerary monuments that usually contained relics), where they would be venerated.
The Buddha�s place within the tradition, however, cannot be understood by focusing exclusively on the events of his life and time (even to the extent that they are known). Instead, he must be viewed within the context of Buddhist theories of time and history. Among these theories is the belief that the universe is the product of karma, the law of the cause and effect of actions. The beings of the universe are reborn without beginning in six realms as gods, demigods, humans, animals, ghosts, and hell beings. The cycle of rebirth, called samsara (literally �wandering�), is regarded as a domain of suffering, and the Buddhist�s ultimate goal is to escape from that suffering. The means of escape remains unknown until, over the course of millions of lifetimes, a person perfects himself, ultimately gaining the power to discover the path out of samsara and then revealing that path to the world.
A person who has set out to discover the path to freedom from suffering and then to teach it to others is called a bodhisattva. A person who has discovered that path, followed it to its end, and taught it to the world is called a buddha. Buddhas are not reborn after they die but enter a state beyond suffering called nirvana (literally �passing away�). Because buddhas appear so rarely over the course of time and because only they reveal the path to liberation from suffering, the appearance of a buddha in the world is considered a momentous event.
The story of a particular buddha begins before his birth and extends beyond his death. It encompasses the millions of lives spent on the path toward enlightenment and Buddhahood and the persistence of the buddha through his teachings and his relics after he has passed into nirvana. The historical Buddha is regarded as neither the first nor the last buddha to appear in the world. According to some traditions he is the 7th buddha, according to another he is the 25th, and according to yet another he is the 4th. The next buddha, Maitreya, will appear after Shakyamuni�s teachings and relics have disappeared from the world.
Sites associated with the Buddha�s life became important pilgrimage places, and regions that Buddhism entered long after his death�such as Sri Lanka, Kashmir, and Burma (now Myanmar)�added narratives of his magical visitations to accounts of his life. Although the Buddha did not leave any written works, various versions of his teachings were preserved orally by his disciples. In the centuries following his death, hundreds of texts (called sutras) were attributed to him and would subsequently be translated into the languages of Asia.
Donald S. Lopez, Jr.
The foundations of Buddhism � The Buddha�s message
The teaching attributed to the Buddha was transmitted orally by his disciples, prefaced by the phrase �evam me sutam� (�thus have I heard�); therefore, it is difficult to say whether or to what extent his discourses have been preserved as they were spoken. They usually allude to the place and time they were preached and to the audience to which they were addressed. Buddhist councils in the first centuries after the Buddha�s death attempted to specify which teachings attributed to the Buddha could be considered authentic.
The foundations of Buddhism � The Buddha�s message � Suffering, impermanence, and no-self
The Buddha based his entire teaching on the fact of human suffering and the ultimately dissatisfying character of human life. Existence is painful. The conditions that make an individual are precisely those that also give rise to dissatisfaction and suffering. Individuality implies limitation; limitation gives rise to desire; and, inevitably, desire causes suffering, since what is desired is transitory.
Living amid the impermanence of everything and being themselves impermanent, human beings search for the way of deliverance, for that which shines beyond the transitoriness of human existence�in short, for enlightenment. The Buddha�s doctrine offered a way to avoid despair. By following the �path� taught by the Buddha, the individual can dispel the �ignorance� that perpetuates this suffering.
According to the Buddha of the early texts, reality, whether of external things or the psychophysical totality of human individuals, consists of a succession and concatenation of microelements called dhammas (these �components� of reality are not to be confused with dhamma meaning �law� or �teaching�). The Buddha departed from traditional Indian thought in not asserting an essential or ultimate reality in things. Moreover, he rejected the existence of the soul as a metaphysical substance, though he recognized the existence of the self as the subject of action in a practical and moral sense. Life is a stream of becoming, a series of manifestations and extinctions. The concept of the individual ego is a popular delusion; the objects with which people identify themselves�fortune, social position, family, body, and even mind�are not their true selves. There is nothing permanent, and, if only the permanent deserved to be called the self, or atman, then nothing is self.
To make clear the concept of no-self (anatman), Buddhists set forth the theory of the five aggregates or constituents (khandhas) of human existence: (1) corporeality or physical forms (rupa), (2) feelings or sensations (vedana), (3) ideations (sanna), (4) mental formations or dispositions (sankhara), and (5) consciousness (vinnana). Human existence is only a composite of the five aggregates, none of which is the self or soul. A person is in a process of continuous change, and there is no fixed underlying entity.
The foundations of Buddhism � The Buddha�s message � Karma
The belief in rebirth, or samsara, as a potentially endless series of worldly existences in which every being is caught up was already associated with the doctrine of karma (Sanskrit: karman; literally �act� or �deed�) in pre-Buddhist India, and it was accepted by virtually all Buddhist traditions. According to the doctrine, good conduct brings a pleasant and happy result and creates a tendency toward similar good acts, while bad conduct brings an evil result and creates a tendency toward similar evil acts. Some karmic acts bear fruit in the same life in which they are committed, others in the immediately succeeding one, and others in future lives that are more remote. This furnishes the basic context for the moral life.
The acceptance by Buddhists of the teachings of karma and rebirth and the concept of the no-self gives rise to a difficult problem: how can rebirth take place without a permanent subject to be reborn? Indian non-Buddhist philosophers attacked this point in Buddhist thought, and many modern scholars have also considered it to be an insoluble problem. The relation between existences in rebirth has been explained by the analogy of fire, which maintains itself unchanged in appearance and yet is different in every moment�what may be called the continuity of an ever-changing identity.
The foundations of Buddhism � The Buddha�s message � The Four Noble Truths
Awareness of these fundamental realities led the Buddha to formulate the Four Noble Truths: the truth of misery (dukkha), the truth that misery originates within us from the craving for pleasure and for being or nonbeing (samudaya), the truth that this craving can be eliminated (nirodhu), and the truth that this elimination is the result of following a methodical way or path (magga).
The foundations of Buddhism � The Buddha�s message � The law of dependent origination
The Buddha, according to the early texts, also discovered the law of dependent origination (paticca-samuppada), whereby one condition arises out of another, which in turn arises out of prior conditions. Every mode of being presupposes another immediately preceding mode from which the subsequent mode derives, in a chain of causes. According to the classical rendering, the 12 links in the chain are: ignorance (avijja), karmic predispositions (sankharas), consciousness (vinnana), form and body (nama-rupa), the five sense organs and the mind (salayatana), contact (phassa), feeling-response (vedana), craving (tanha), grasping for an object (upadana), action toward life (bhava), birth (jati), and old age and death (jaramarana). According to this law, the misery that is bound with sensate existence is accounted for by a methodical chain of causation. Despite a diversity of interpretations, the law of dependent origination of the various aspects of becoming remains fundamentally the same in all schools of Buddhism.
The foundations of Buddhism � The Buddha�s message � The Eightfold Path
The law of dependent origination, however, raises the question of how one may escape the continually renewed cycle of birth, suffering, and death. It is not enough to know that misery pervades all existence and to know the way in which life evolves; there must also be a means to overcome this process. The means to this end is found in the Eightfold Path, which is constituted by right views, right aspirations, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right meditational attainment.
The foundations of Buddhism � The Buddha�s message � Nirvana
The aim of Buddhist practice is to be rid of the delusion of ego and thus free oneself from the fetters of this mundane world. One who is successful in doing so is said to have overcome the round of rebirths and to have achieved enlightenment. This is the final goal in most Buddhist traditions, though in some cases (particularly though not exclusively in some Pure Land schools in China and Japan) the attainment of an ultimate paradise or a heavenly abode is not clearly distinguished from the attainment of release.
The living process is again likened to a fire. Its remedy is the extinction of the fire of illusion, passions, and cravings. The Buddha, the Enlightened One, is one who is no longer kindled or inflamed. Many poetic terms are used to describe the state of the enlightened human being�the harbour of refuge, the cool cave, the place of bliss, the farther shore. The term that has become famous in the West is nirvana, translated as passing away or dying out�that is, the dying out in the heart of the fierce fires of lust, anger, and delusion. But nirvana is not extinction, and indeed the craving for annihilation or nonexistence was expressly repudiated by the Buddha. Buddhists search for salvation, not just nonbeing. Although nirvana is often presented negatively as �release from suffering,� it is more accurate to describe it in a more positive fashion: as an ultimate goal to be sought and cherished.
In some early texts the Buddha left unanswered certain questions regarding the destiny of persons who have reached this ultimate goal. He even refused to speculate as to whether fully purified saints, after death, continued to exist or ceased to exist. Such questions, he maintained, were not relevant to the practice of the path and could not in any event be answered from within the confines of ordinary human existence. Indeed, he asserted that any discussion of the nature of nirvana would only distort or misrepresent it. But he also asserted with even more insistence that nirvana can be experienced�and experienced in the present existence�by those who, knowing the Buddhist truth, practice the Buddhist path.
Hajime Nakamura
Historical Development � India � Expansion of Buddhism
The Buddha was a charismatic leader who founded a distinctive religious community based on his unique teachings. Some of the members of that community were, like the Buddha himself, wandering ascetics. Others were laypersons who venerated the Buddha, followed certain aspects of his teachings, and provided the wandering ascetics with the material support that they required.
In the centuries following the Buddha�s death, the story of his life was remembered and embellished, his teachings were preserved and developed, and the community that he had established became a significant religious force. Many of the wandering ascetics who followed the Buddha settled in permanent monastic establishments and developed monastic rules. At the same time, the Buddhist laity came to include important members of the economic and political elite.
During its first century of existence, Buddhism spread from its place of origin in Magadha and Kosala throughout much of northern India, including the areas of Mathura and Ujjayani in the west. According to Buddhist tradition, invitations to the Council of Vesali (Sanskrit: Vaishali), held just over a century after the Buddha�s death, were sent to monks living throughout northern and central India. By the middle of the 3rd century bce, Buddhism had gained the favour of a Mauryan king, Asoka, who had established an empire that extended from the Himalayas in the north to almost as far as Sri Lanka in the south.
To the rulers of the republics and kingdoms arising in northeastern India, the patronage of newly emerging sects such as Buddhism was one way of counterbalancing the political power exercised by Brahmans (high-caste Hindus). The first Mauryan emperor, Candra Gupta (c. 321�c. 297 bce), patronized Jainism and, according to some traditions, finally became a Jain monk. His grandson, Asoka, who ruled over the greater part of the subcontinent from about 268 to 232 bce, traditionally played an important role in Buddhist history because of his support of Buddhism during his lifetime. He exerted even more influence posthumously, through stories that depicted him as a chakravartin (�a great wheel-rolling monarch�). He is portrayed as a paragon of Buddhist kingship who accomplished many fabulous feats of piety and devotion. It is therefore very difficult to distinguish the Asoka of history from the Asoka of Buddhist legend and myth.
The first actual Buddhist �texts� that are still extant are inscriptions (including a number of well-known Asokan pillars) that Asoka had written and displayed in various places throughout his vast kingdom. According to these inscriptions, Asoka attempted to establish in his realm a �true dhamma� based on the virtues of self-control, impartiality, cheerfulness, truthfulness, and goodness. Although he promoted Buddhism, he did not found a state church, and he was known for his respect for other religious traditions. He sought to maintain unity in the Buddhist monastic community, however, and he promoted an ethic that focused on the layman�s obligations in this world. His aim, as articulated in his edicts, was to create a religious and social milieu that would enable all �children of the king� to live happily in this life and to attain heaven in the next. Thus, he set up medical assistance for human beings and beasts, maintained reservoirs and canals, and promoted trade. He established a system of dhamma officers (dhamma-mahamattas) in order to help govern the empire. And he sent diplomatic emissaries to areas beyond his direct political control.
Asoka�s empire began to crumble soon after his death, and the Mauryan dynasty was finally overthrown in the early decades of the 2nd century bce. There is some evidence to suggest that Buddhism in India suffered persecution during the Shunga-Kanva period (185�28 bce). Despite occasional setbacks, however, Buddhists persevered; and before the emergence of the Gupta dynasty, which created the next great pan-Indian empire in the 4th century ce, Buddhism had become a leading if not dominant religious tradition in India.
During the approximately five centuries between the fall of the Mauryan dynasty and the rise of the Gupta dynasty, major developments occurred in all aspects of Buddhist belief and practice. Well before the beginning of the Common Era, stories about the Buddha�s many previous lives, accounts of important events in his life as Gautama, stories of his �extended life� in his relics, and other aspects of his sacred biography were elaborated on. In the centuries that followed, groups of these stories were collected and compiled in various styles and combinations.
Beginning in the 3rd century bce, and possibly earlier, magnificent Buddhist monuments such as the great stupas at Bharhut and Sanchi were built. During the early centuries of the 1st millennium ce, similar monuments were established virtually throughout the subcontinent. Numerous monasteries emerged too, some in close association with the great monuments and pilgrimage sites. Considerable evidence, including inscriptional evidence, points to extensive support from local rulers, including the women of the various royal courts.
During this period Buddhist monastic centres proliferated, and there developed diverse schools of interpretation concerning matters of doctrine and monastic discipline. Within the Hinayana tradition there emerged many different schools, most of which preserved a variant of the Tipitaka (which had taken the form of written scriptures by the early centuries of the Common Era), held distinctive doctrinal positions, and practiced unique forms of monastic discipline. The traditional number of schools is 18, but the situation was very complicated, and exact identifications are hard to make.
About the beginning of the Common Era, distinctively Mahayana tendencies began to take shape. It should be emphasized, however, that many Hinayana and Mahayana adherents continued to live together in the same monastic institutions. In the 2nd or 3rd century, the Madhyamika school, which has remained one of the major schools of Mahayana philosophy, was established, and many other expressions of Mahayana belief, practice, and communal life appeared. By the beginning of the Gupta era, the Mahayana had become the most dynamic and creative Buddhist tradition in India.
At this time Buddhism also expanded beyond the Indian subcontinent. It is most likely that Asoka sent a diplomatic mission to Sri Lanka and that Buddhism was established there during his reign. By the beginning of the Common Era, Buddhism, which had become very strong in northwestern India, had followed the great trade routes into Central Asia and China. According to later tradition, this expansion was greatly facilitated by Kanishka, a great Kushana king of the 1st or 2nd century ce, who ruled over an area that included portions of northern India and Central Asia.
Historical Development � India � Buddhism under the Guptas and Palas
By the time of the Gupta dynasty (c. 320�c. 600 ce), Buddhism in India was being influenced by the revival of Brahmanic religion and the rising tide of bhakti (a devotional movement that emphasized the intense love of a devotee for a personal god). During this period, for example, some Hindus practiced devotion to the Buddha, whom they regarded as an avatar (incarnation) of the Hindu deity Vishnu, and some Buddhists venerated Hindu deities who were an integral part of the wider religious context in which they lived.
Throughout the Gupta and Pala periods, Hinayana Buddhists remained a major segment of the Indian Buddhist community. Their continued cultivation of various aspects of Buddhist teaching led to the emergence of the Yogacara school, the second great tradition of Mahayana philosophy. A third major Buddhist tradition, the Vajrayana or Esoteric tradition, developed out of the Mahayana school and became a powerful and dynamic religious force. The new form of text associated with this tradition, the tantras, appeared during the Gupta period, and there are indications that distinctively Tantric rituals began to be employed at this time as well. It was during the Pala period (8th�12th centuries), however, that the Vajrayana/Esoteric tradition emerged as the most dynamic component of Indian Buddhist life.
Also during the Gupta period, there emerged a new Buddhist institution, the Mahavihara (�Great Monastery�), which often functioned as a university. This institution enjoyed great success during the reign of the Pala kings. The most famous of these Mahaviharas, located at Nalanda, became a major centre for the study of Buddhist texts and the refinement of Buddhist thought, particularly Mahayana and Vajrayana thought. The monks at Nalanda also developed a curriculum that went far beyond traditional Buddhism and included much Indian scientific and cultural knowledge. In subsequent years other important Mahaviharas were established, each with its own distinctive emphases and characteristics. These great Buddhist monastic research and educational institutions exerted a profound religious and cultural influence not only in India but throughout many other parts of Asia as well.
Although Buddhist institutions seemed to be faring well under the Guptas, Chinese pilgrims visiting India between 400 and 700 ce discerned a decline in the Buddhist community and the beginning of the absorption of Indian Buddhism by Hinduism. Among these pilgrims was Faxian, who left China in 399, crossed the Gobi Desert, visited various holy places in India, and returned to China with numerous Buddhist scriptures and statues. The most famous of the Chinese travelers, however, was the 7th-century monk Xuanzang. When he arrived in northwestern India, he found �millions of monasteries� reduced to ruins by the Huns, a nomadic Central Asian people. In the northeast Xuanzang visited various holy places and studied Yogacara philosophy at Nalanda. After visiting Assam and southern India, he returned to China, carrying with him copies of more than 600 sutras.
After the destruction of numerous Buddhist monasteries in the 6th century ce by the Huns, Buddhism revived, especially in the northeast, where it flourished for many more centuries under the kings of the Pala dynasty. The kings protected the Mahaviharas, built new centres at Odantapuri, near Nalanda, and established a system of supervision for all such institutions. Under the Palas the Vajrayana/Esoteric form of Buddhism became a major intellectual and religious force. Its adherents introduced important innovations into Buddhist doctrine and symbolism. They also advocated the practice of new Tantric forms of ritual practice that were designed both to generate magical power and to facilitate more rapid progress along the path to enlightenment. During the reigns of the later Pala kings, contacts with China decreased as Indian Buddhists turned their attention toward Tibet and Southeast Asia.
Historical Development � India � The demise of Buddhism in India
With the collapse of the Pala dynasty in the 12th century, Indian Buddhism suffered yet another setback, from which it did not recover. Although small pockets of influence remained, the Buddhist presence in India became negligible.
Scholars do not know all the factors that contributed to Buddhism�s demise in its homeland. Some have maintained that it was so tolerant of other faiths that it was simply reabsorbed by a revitalized Hindu tradition. This did occur, though Indian Mahayanists were occasionally hostile toward bhakti and toward Hinduism in general. Another factor, however, was probably much more important. Indian Buddhism, having become primarily a monastic movement, seems to have lost touch with its lay supporters. Many monasteries had become very wealthy, so much so that they were able to employ indentured slaves and paid labourers to care for the monks and to tend the lands they owned. Thus, after the Muslim invaders sacked the Indian monasteries in the 12th and 13th centuries, the Buddhist laity showed little interest in a resurgence.
Historical Development � India � Contemporary revival
In the 19th century Buddhism was virtually extinct in India. In far eastern Bengal and Assam, a few Buddhists preserved a tradition that dated back to pre-Muslim times, and some of them experienced a Theravada-oriented reform that was initiated by a Burmese monk who visited the area in the mid-19th century. By the end of that century, a very small number of Indian intellectuals had become interested in Buddhism through Western scholarship or through the activities of the Theosophical Society, one of whose leaders was the American Henry Olcott. The Sinhalese reformer Anagarika Dharmapala also exerted some influence, particularly through his work as one of the founders of the Mahabodhi Society, which focused its initial efforts on restoring Buddhist control of the pilgrimage site at Bodh Gaya, the presumed site of the Buddha�s enlightenment.
Beginning in the early 20th century, a few Indian intellectuals became increasingly interested in Buddhism as a more rational and egalitarian alternative to Hinduism. Although this interest remained limited to a very tiny segment of the intellectual elite, a small Buddhist movement with a broader constituency developed in South India. Even as late as 1950, however, an official government census identified fewer than 200,000 Buddhists in the country, most of them residing in east Bengal and Assam.
Since 1950 the number of Buddhists in India has increased dramatically. One very small factor in this increase was the flood of Buddhist refugees from Tibet following the Chinese invasion of that country in 1959. The centre of the Tibetan refugee community, both in India and around the world, was established in Dharmsala, but many Tibetan refugees settled in other areas of the subcontinent as well. Another very small factor was the incorporation of Sikkim�a region with a predominantly Buddhist population now in the northeastern part of India�into the Republic of India in 1975.
The most important cause of the contemporary revival of Buddhism in India was the mass conversion, in 1956, of hundreds of thousands of Hindus living primarily in Maharashtra state who had previously been members of the so-called scheduled castes (formerly called untouchables). This conversion was initiated by Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, a leader of the scheduled castes who was also a major figure in the Indian independence movement, a critic of the caste policies of Mahatma Gandhi, a framer of India�s constitution, and a member of India�s first independent government. As early as 1935 Ambedkar decided to lead his people away from Hinduism in favour of a religion that did not recognize caste distinctions. After a delay of more than 20 years, he determined that Buddhism was the appropriate choice. He also decided that 1956�the year in which Theravada Buddhists were celebrating the 2,500th year of the death of the Buddha�was the appropriate time. A dramatic conversion ceremony, held in Nagpur, was attended by hundreds of thousands of people. Since 1956 more than three million persons (a very conservative estimate) have joined the new Buddhist community.
The Buddhism of Ambedkar�s community is based on the teachings found in the ancient Pali texts and has much in common with the Theravada Buddhist communities of Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. There are important differences that distinguish the new group, however. They include the community�s reliance on Ambedkar�s own interpretations, which are presented in his book The Buddha and His Dhamma; the community�s emphasis on a mythology concerning the Buddhist and aristocratic character of the Mahar (the largest of the scheduled castes); and its recognition of Ambedkar himself as a saviour figure who is often considered to be a bodhisattva (future buddha). Another distinguishing characteristic of the Mahar Buddhists is the absence of a strong monastic community, which has allowed laypersons to assume the primary leadership roles. During the last several decades, the group has produced its own corpus of Buddhist songs and many vernacular books and pamphlets that deal with various aspects of Buddhist doctrine, practice, and community life.
Historical Development � Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia
The first clear evidence of the spread of Buddhism outside India dates from the reign of King Asoka (3rd century bce), whose inscriptions show that he sent Buddhist missionaries to many different regions of the subcontinent as well as into certain border areas. Asokan emissaries were sent to Sri Lanka and to an area called Suvarnabhumi, which many modern scholars have identified with the Mon country in southern Myanmar (Burma) and central Thailand.
Historical Development � Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia � Sri Lanka
According to Sinhalese tradition, Buddhism took root in Sri Lanka soon after the arrival of Asoka�s son, the monk Mahinda, and six companions. These monks converted King Devanampiya Tissa and much of the nobility. King Tissa built the Mahavihara monastery, which became the main centre of the version of Theravada Buddhism that was ultimately dominant in Sri Lanka. After Tissa�s death (c. 207 bce), Sri Lanka was ruled by kings from South India until the time of Dutthagamani (101�77 bce), a descendant of Tissa, who overthrew King Elara. Dutthagamani�s association with Buddhism clearly strengthened the religion�s ties with Sri Lankan political institutions.
In the post-Dutthagamani period, the Mahavihara tradition developed along with other Sri Lankan monastic traditions. The Sinhalese chronicles report that, in the last half of the 1st century bce, King Vattagamani called a Buddhist council (the fourth in the Sinhalese reckoning) at which the Pali oral tradition of the Buddha�s teachings was committed to writing. The same king is said to have sponsored the construction of the Abhayagiri monastery, which eventually included Hinayana, Mahayana, and even Vajrayana monks. Although these cosmopolitan tendencies were resisted by the Mahavihara monks, they were openly supported by King Mahasena (276�303 ce). Under Mahasena�s son, Shri Meghavanna, the �tooth of the Buddha� was taken to the Abhayagiri, where it was subsequently maintained and venerated at the royal palladium.
During the 1st millennium ce, the Theravada tradition in Sri Lanka coexisted with various forms of Hinduism, Mahayana Buddhism, and Esoteric Buddhism. As Buddhism declined in India, it underwent a major revival and reform in Sri Lanka, where the Theravada traditions of the Mahavihara became especially prominent. Sri Lanka became a Theravada kingdom with a sangha that was unified under Mahavihara leadership and ruled by a monarch who legitimated his rule in Theravada terms. This newly constituted Theravada tradition subsequently spread from Sri Lanka into Southeast Asia, where it exerted a powerful influence.
In early modern times Sri Lanka fell prey to Western colonial powers. The Portuguese (1505�1658) and the Dutch (1658�1796) seized control of the coastal areas, and later the British (1794�1947) took over the entire island. Buddhism suffered considerable disruption under Portuguese and Dutch rule, and the higher ordination lineage lapsed. In the 18th century, however, King Kittisiri Rajasiah (1747�81), who ruled in the upland regions, invited monks from Siam (Thailand) to reform Buddhism and restore the higher ordination lineages.
During the late 18th and 19th centuries, the monastic community in Sri Lanka was divided into three major bodies. The Siam Nikaya, founded during the reform of the late 18th century, was a conservative and wealthy sect that admitted only members of the Goyigama, the highest Sinhalese caste. The Amarapura sect, founded in the early 19th century, opened its ranks to members of lower castes. The third division, the Ramanya sect, is a small modernist group that emerged in the 19th century. In addition, several reform groups were established among the laity. These groups include the important Sarvodaya community, which is headed by A.T. Ariyaratne. This group has established religious, economic, and social development programs that have had a significant impact on Sinhalese village life.
Since Sri Lanka gained its independence from the British in 1947, the country has been increasingly drawn into a conflict between the Sinhalese Buddhist majority and the Tamil Hindu minority. In the late 20th century, this conflict escalated into a vicious civil war. Many Sinhalese, including a significant number of monks, have closely associated their Buddhist religion with the political agenda and anti-Tamil violence of the more militant Sinhalese nationalists. Other Buddhist leaders, however, have tried to adopt a more moderate position and to encourage a negotiated solution that would reestablish the kind of peaceful coexistence that has characterized Sri Lankan politics through the greater part of the island�s long history.
Historical Development � Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia � Southeast Asia
The peoples of Southeast Asia have not been mere satellites of the more powerful Indian and Chinese civilizations. On the contrary, the cultures that arose in these three vast areas might better be thought of as alternative developments that occurred within a greater Austroasiatic civilization, sometimes called the Asia of the monsoons. The transmission of Buddhism and Hinduism to Southeast Asia can thus be regarded as the spread of the religious symbols of the more advanced Austroasiatic peoples to other Austroasiatic groups sharing some of the same basic religious presuppositions and traditions.
In Southeast Asia the impact of Buddhism was felt in very different ways in three separate regions. In two of these (the region of Malaysia/Indonesia and the region on the mainland extending from Myanmar to southern Vietnam), the main connections have been with India and Sri Lanka via trade routes. In Vietnam, the third region, the main connections have been with China.
Historical Development � Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia � Southeast Asia � Malaysia and Indonesia
Although some scholars locate the Suvarnabhumi (�Land of Gold�), to which Asokan missionaries were supposedly sent, somewhere on the Malay Peninsula or in Indonesia, this is probably not accurate. It is certain, however, that Buddhism reached these areas by the early centuries of the 1st millennium ce.
With the help of the monk Gunavarman and other Indian missionaries, Buddhism gained a firm foothold on Java well before the 5th century ce. Buddhism was also introduced at about this time in Sumatra, and by the 7th century the king of Srivijaya on the island of Sumatra was a Buddhist. When the Chinese traveler I-ching visited this kingdom in the 7th century, he noted that Hinayana was dominant in the area but that there were also a few Mahayanists. It was also in the 7th century that the great scholar from Nalanda, Dharmapala, visited Indonesia.
The Shailendra dynasty, which ruled over the Malay Peninsula and a large section of Indonesia from the 7th century to the 9th century, promoted the Mahayana and Tantric forms of Buddhism. During this period major Buddhist monuments were erected in Java, including the marvelous Borobudur, which is perhaps the most magnificent of all Buddhist stupas. From the 7th century onward, Vajrayana Buddhism spread rapidly throughout the area. King Kertanagara of Java (reigned 1268�92) was especially devoted to Tantric practice.
In the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia, as in India, Buddhism gradually lost its hold during the first half of the 2nd millennium ce. In some areas Buddhism was assimilated to Hinduism, forming a Hindu-oriented amalgam that in some places (for example in Bali) has persisted to the present. In most of Malaysia and Indonesia, however, both Hinduism and Buddhism were replaced by Islam, which remains the dominant religion in the area. In modern Indonesia and Malaysia, Buddhism exists as a living religion primarily among the Chinese minority, but there is also a small non-Chinese community of Buddhists that is concentrated in the vicinity of Borobudur.
Historical Development � Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia � Southeast Asia � From Myanmar to the Mekong delta
A second area of Buddhist expansion in Southeast Asia extends from Myanmar in the north and west to the Mekong delta in the south and east. According to the local Mon/Burman traditions, this is Suvarnabhumi, the area visited by missionaries from the Asokan court. It is known that Buddhist kingdoms had appeared in this region by the early centuries of the 1st millennium ce. In Myanmar and Thailand, despite the presence of Hindu, Mahayana, and Vajrayana elements, the more-conservative Hinayana forms of Buddhism were especially prominent throughout the 1st millennium ce. Farther to the east and south, in what is now Cambodia and southern Vietnam, various combinations of Hinduism, Mahayana Buddhism, and Vajrayana Buddhism became prevalent. Throughout much of the history of Angkor, the great imperial centre that ruled Cambodia and much of the surrounding areas for many centuries, Hinduism seems to have been the preferred tradition, at least among the elite. In the late 12th and early 13th centuries, however, the Buddhist King Jayavarman VII built a new capital called Angkor Thom that was dominated by Mahayana/Vajrayana monuments, which represent one of the high points of Buddhist architecture.
In mainland Southeast Asia, as in Sri Lanka, a Theravada reform movement emerged in the 11th century. Drawing heavily on the Theravada heritage that had been preserved among the Mon in southern Myanmar, as well as on the new reform tradition of Sri Lanka, this revival soon established the Theravada tradition as the most dynamic in Myanmar, where the Burmans had conquered the Mon. By the late 13th century, the movement had spread to Thailand, where the Thai were gradually displacing the Mon as the dominant population. During the next two centuries, Theravada reforms penetrated as far as Cambodia and Laos.
The preeminence of Theravada Buddhism continued throughout the area during the remainder of the premodern period. The arrival of the Western powers in the 19th century brought important changes. In Thailand, which retained its independence, a process of gradual reform and modernization was led by a new Buddhist sect, the Thammayut Nikaya, which was established and supported by the reigning Chakri dynasty. In the 20th century reform and modernization became more diversified and affected virtually all segments of the Thai Buddhist community.
Two new Buddhist groups, Santi Asoke (founded 1975) and Dhammakaya, are especially interesting. Santi Asoke, a lay-oriented group that advocates stringent discipline, moral rectitude, and political reform, has been very much at odds with the established ecclesiastical hierarchy. The Dhammakaya group has been much more successful at gathering a large popular following but has also become very controversial because of its distinctive meditational practices and questions concerning its care of financial contributions from its followers.
In the other Theravada countries in Southeast Asia, Buddhism has had a much more difficult time. In Myanmar, which endured an extended period of British rule, the sangha and the structures of Buddhist society have been seriously disrupted. Under the military regime of General Ne Win, established in 1962, reform and modernization were limited in all areas of national life, including religion. Since the suppression of the pro-democracy movement in the late 1980s, the country�s military rulers have used their support of a very traditional form of Buddhism to legitimize their highly repressive regime. In Laos and Cambodia, both of which suffered an extended period of French rule followed by devastation during the Vietnam War and the violent imposition of communist rule, the Buddhist community has been severely crippled. Beginning in the 1980s, however, it showed increasing signs of life and vitality. In Laos it was recognized by the government as a part of the national heritage, and in Cambodia it was even given the status of a state religion.
Historical Development � Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia � Southeast Asia � Vietnam
There are indications that Vietnam was involved in the early sea trade between India, Southeast Asia, and China, and it is quite probable that Buddhism reached the country via this sea route near the beginning of the 1st millennium ce. The northern part of what is now Vietnam had been conquered by the Chinese empire in 111 bce and remained under Chinese rule until 939 ce. Hinayana and Mahayana traditions spread into the two Indianized states, Funan (founded during the 1st century ce) and Champa (founded 192 ce). The long-term development of Buddhism in Vietnam, however, was most affected by Zen and Pure Land traditions, which were introduced from China into the northern and central sections of the country beginning in the 6th century ce.
The first dhyana (Zen; Vietnamese: thien), or meditation, school was introduced by Vinitaruci, an Indian monk who had gone to Vietnam from China in the 6th century. In the 9th century a school of �wall meditation� was introduced by the Chinese monk Vo Ngon Thong. A third major Zen school was established in the 11th century by the Chinese monk Thao Durong. From 1414 to 1428 Buddhism in Vietnam was persecuted by the Chinese, who had again conquered the country. Tantrism, Daoism, and Confucianism also filtered into Vietnam at this time. Even after the Chinese had been driven back, a Chinese-like bureaucracy closely supervised the Vietnamese monasteries. The clergy was divided between those who were highborn and Sinicized and those in the lower ranks who often were active in peasant uprisings.
During the modern period Mahayana traditions in northern and central Vietnam have coexisted with Theravada traditions from Cambodia in the south. Rather loosely joined together, Vietnamese Buddhists managed to preserve their traditions through the period of French colonial rule in the 19th and 20th centuries. During the struggle between North and South Vietnam in the 1960s and early �70s, many Buddhists worked to achieve peace and reconciliation, though they met with little success; to protest the South Vietnamese regime of Ngo Dinh Diem, some Buddhist monks turned to self-immolation. Under the communist regime that has ruled the reunited country since 1975, conditions have been difficult, but Buddhism has persisted. Reports in the late 1980s and 1990s indicated signs of vitality, though there have also been reports of serious government limitations on Buddhist activities.
Historical Development � Tibet, Mongolia, and the Himalayan Kingdoms � The Himalayan kingdoms
Tibetan Buddhism has exerted a considerable influence in the Himalayan areas situated along Tibet�s southern border. In Nepal, Buddhism interacted with both India and Tibet. Although there is evidence that suggests that the Buddha was born in the southern part of the area that is now Nepal�at Lumbini, about 15 miles (24 km) from Kapilavatthu (Kapilavastu)�Buddhism seems to have been actively propagated only later, probably under Asoka. By the 8th century Nepal had fallen into the cultural orbit of Tibet. A few centuries later, as a result of the Muslim invasions of India, both Hindus (such as the Brahmanic Gurkha aristocracy) and Buddhists took refuge in the country. The Tibetan influence on the Himalayan tradition is indicated by the presence of Tibetan-style prayer wheels and flags. The Indian heritage is especially evident in the caste system that embraces Buddhists and non-Buddhists alike. In the late 20th century, a significant Theravada reform movement took root among the Newari population. The adherents of this movement, who have important connections with Theravada practitioners in Myanmar and Sri Lanka, oppose the maintenance of traditional caste distinctions.
In Bhutan a Tibetan lama introduced Buddhism and a Tibetan style of hierarchical theocracy in the 17th century. Buddhism practiced in Bhutan has been influenced by the Tibetan Bka�-brgyud-pa sect, which has stressed the magical benefits of living in caves and has not enforced on its clergy the discipline of celibacy. Buddhism in Bhutan, like Buddhism in Nepal, is coming into increasing contact with modernizing forces that are beginning to undermine many of its traditional practices.
Historical Development � Buddhism in the West
During the long course of Buddhist history, Buddhist influences have from time to time reached the Western world. Although the evidence is weak, some scholars have suggested that Buddhist monks and teachings had reached as far as Egypt by about the beginning of the Common Era. There are occasional references to what seem to be Buddhist traditions in the writing of the Christian Church Fathers. In addition, a version of the biography of the Buddha known as the story of Barlaam and Josephat was disseminated widely in medieval Europe. In fact, the Buddha figure in the story came to be recognized as a Christian saint.
Not until the modern period, however, is there evidence of a serious Buddhist presence in the Western world. Beginning in the mid-19th century, Buddhism was introduced into the United States and other Western countries by large numbers of immigrants, first from China and Japan and later from other countries, especially those of Southeast Asia. In addition, Buddhism gained a foothold among a significant number of Western intellectuals and�particularly during the 1960s and early �70s�among young people seeking new forms of religious experience and expression. The interest of Westerners in Buddhism was greatly fostered by the work of Buddhist missionaries such as the Japanese scholar D.T. Suzuki (1870�1966) and a number of Tibetan Buddhist teachers who moved to the West following the Chinese conquest of their homeland in 1959.
Historical Development � Sangha, society, and state
Buddhists have always recognized the importance of community life, and over the centuries there has developed a distinctive symbiotic relationship between monks (and in some cases nuns) and the lay community. The relationship between the monastics and the laity has differed from place to place and from time to time, but throughout most of Buddhist history both groups have played an essential role in the process of constituting and reconstituting the Buddhist world. Moreover, both the monastics and the laity have engaged in a variety of common and complementary religious practices that have expressed Buddhist orientations and values, structured Buddhist societies, and addressed the soteriological and practical concerns of individuals.
(Encyclopaedia Britannica}
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Win Lottery Games and Contribute to the Vulnerable People
By Freda Noonan
In Investing
Lottery games are very popular in China and so there is a different approach that has been raised from these lottery games. Normally, the tickets for the lottery games will be huge and as there are more people wishing to play lottery games normally there raises the collection of the ticket amount. These ticket amounts are huge and so a group called welfare lottery has made a different thought and experimented it. It is a huge success and they are doing eth job of both entertaining the people and also helping the people in a single task. Lottery.hk is now updating the latest syair hk in perfect timing.
Favor of Luck:
Luck plays a significant role in this game and the players have the chance to win substantial prize amounts. The lottery games are not so hard and challenging for playing, and it does not require any mental ability and some other physical strengths. All it needs is that luck, one should be very lucky to gain more amounts. The predictions of the winners are also based on the luck factor and so it will be very interesting and thrilling. These games offer more jackpots as per the variety of the game and its strategies.
European Lottery Game:
EuroMillions is a multi-national game especially played by the people of Europe. This game is very popular among nine different countries across Europe. The specialty of this game is the possibility of acquiring huge profits through the jackpots. The player of the game must select any two lucky stars and also five numbers. The next step of the player is to match and fix those chosen numbers and the stars with the line of winning. The matching must be perfect with the winning line and if it is achieved then the player is the winner of the game.
There are many lottery games which will give you many exciting prizes and other gifts. As there is a massive crowd in the lottery game areas, the government has given approval for the welfare lottery to use the amount for good causes. Normally, the people who participate in the lucky draw and the lottery are wealthy and so their money is now going to help the poor people. The winner of the game will not get the full amount of the won game. A certain ratio of the amount will be taken for the welfare process and the remaining amount will be given to the player entirely.
Claim Your Prize at Perfect Time:
There are some rules for claiming the amount of the winning price. The player must claim the winning prize and the jackpot prize through showing the lottery ticket. There must not be any fraud in the submission of the card. The player must claim the amount within 60 days from the date of the playing the game. If the date is exceeded and if none has come forward to claim the amount then the total amount will move on account of the welfare. This amount will reach the weak, disabled, vulnerable group and the aged people.
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“Educated” (2018, Random House, hardcover, 352 pages, $15.17) by Tara Westover is a memoir about growing up as a Mormon girl in Idaho under a fundamentalist bipolar father. Tara’s life is rife with conflict and a cast of quirky characters. Even the mountain, Buck’s Peak, is a compelling character. Suffused with all the right ingredients, it is no surprise that this book is a page turner.
As a young girl, Tara’s entire world is experienced through the lens of her family. She is born at home and has never attended school or seen a medical doctor. Besides her parents, Tara’s siblings include Audrey, her older sister, and brothers, Luke, Shawn, Tyler, and Richard. Audrey marries young and adopts a traditional Mormon lifestyle. This creates a home environment where Tara is a girl among many boys and is determined to be their equal. The emotional abuse she endures under her father’s command is difficult to read. But the most egregious events that Tara suffers through growing up are at the hands of her sadistic brother, Shawn.
Tara spends her adolescent years working in her father’s junkyard and mixing herbs for her mother, a self-taught herbalist and midwife. There are stretches of time where Tara and her family prepare for the end of days by stockpiling food. Her homeschooling was so minimal that she had never heard of the Holocaust and had no idea what the “n” word meant, a name her abusive brother often called her.
Our young heroine lives in a state of constant danger due to her father’s recklessness. Her brother Luke sustains horrible burns in a junkyard accident. Tara has her own brushes with death while salvaging. The whole family is involved in two car accidents. No one uses seat belts and her mother is severely injured in one wreck. Traditional medicine is spurned, further creating misery for Tara.
Her teen life is transformed when she starts taking dance lessons. But her strict upbringing creates obstacles. It has been drilled into her that she must wear modest clothing. So leotards are out of the question. When her father attends her recital and sees the immodest clothing, he forbids Tara to continue. Tara is permitted to take voice lessons instead, where she sings in church activities that meet her father’s approval.
Tara may have succumbed to a traditional Mormon life of subservience and motherhood had her brother Tyler not intervened and encouraged her to apply to college. She was seventeen the first time she entered a classroom at Brigham Young. Launched into academia, clueless that she needed to read textbooks, she figures it out and, ultimately, pursues a decade of university learning at elite schools. Tara’s story is ultimately a tale of redemption.
“Educated” was a #1 New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and Boston Globe Bestseller. It was named one of the Ten Best Books of the Year by The New York Times Book Review. It was a Finalist for the National Book Critics Circle’s Award in Autobiography and for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize. Other accolades include being Named One of The Best Books of the Year by The Washington Post, O: The Oprah Magazine, Time, NPR, Good Morning America, San Francisco Chronicle, The Guardian,and Library Journal to name a few.
Tara Westover was born in Idaho to a father opposed to public education. She graduated magna cum laude from Brigham Young University in 2008 and was subsequently awarded a Gates Cambridge Scholarship. She earned a MPhil from Trinity College, Cambridge in 2009, and in 2010 was a visiting fellow at Harvard University. She returned to Cambridge, where she was awarded a PhD in history in 2014.
Fans of Jeannette Walls’ “The Glass Castle”, “Wild” by Cheryl Strayed, “Angela’s Ashes” by Frank McCourt, and “Eat, Pray, Love” by Elizabeth Gilbert will likely enjoy this book. It was certainly one of the most memorable books I have read this year.
BOOKENDS: Just Imagine…What if there Were No Black People?
TEXAS DEAD
BOOKENDS: THE SCARLET PLAGUE
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east tennessee state university baseball
Date Day Opponent Location Time (EST) Feb. 14 Friday vs. Toledo Johnson City, Tenn. 4:00 PM Feb. 15 Saturday vs. Toledo Johnson City, Tenn. 2:00 PM Feb. 16 ⦠BREAKING: @theACC athletic directors voted on and approved college baseballâs season framework for 2021 this week. The East Tennessee State University Buccaneers Baseball Prospect Camp is inviting all boys in the graduating classes of 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Appearance on this list means the player attended the school, not that they played on the school's baseball ⦠References. 1 Anna Kournikova; 2 Mitch McConnell; 3 Kayleigh ⦠Please complete the general information below before advancing to the questionnaire. [5] The stadium itself opened on February 15, 2013 with a 6–4 loss to Penn State with 910 in attendance. 3. The #ACC will play: * 50 overall games * 36 conference games (12 weekends) * 14 nonconference games (can be played as midweeks or weekends) â Kendall Rogers (@KendallRogers) December 18, 2020 BREAKING: The @NCAA Division I Council is voting today to give D1 college baseball ⦠Although it is part of the State University and Community College System of Tennessee, the university is governed by an institutional Board of Trustees. The East Tennessee State University Buccaneers Baseball Prospect Camp is inviting all boys in the graduating classes of 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Explore. It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 11,151, its setting is city, and the campus size is 366 acres. Please complete the general information below before advancing to the questionnaire. Note: Statistics are for MLB play. Vonnie Patterson added 10 ⦠Fanmats Starter Floor Mat - Los Angeles Dodgers 2.0 out of 5 stars 1. The official Baseball page for the Middle Tennessee State University Blue Raiders Usually ships within 6 to 10 days. Founded ... EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY 2020 Buccaneers Baseball QUICK FACTS. Bucs Rally Late, Fall to Mountaineers 69-66, Bucs use late run to survive scare from Lee, 62-53, Bucs Host Appalachian Foes in Sunday Showdown, Sandersâ Night Not Enough in Narrow 70-64 Loss to Wildcats, Greenville, S.C. (BON SECOURS WELLNESS ARENA). ?-1978; Ballpark: Thomas Stadium 2012-present; Howard Johnson ⦠East Tennessee State University Buccaneers Apparel StoreJohnson City, Tennessee. Fields marked with an asterisk (*) are required. Baseball Baseball: Facebook Baseball: Twitter Baseball: Instagram Baseball: Schedule Baseball: Roster Baseball: News Basketball ⦠Bucs Await Return Trip to Davidson. Student-Athlete Advisory Committee (SAAC). Store Home; Men; Women; Youth; Hats; Face Masks; Applique; ⦠Did you know that there were eight former Tennessee State Univerity ballplayers who made it to the majors? College baseball history on the site is constantly growing but note that we don't have a complete history for any team and our coverage skews towards Division I and recent seasons. As of May 2017 , it is the fourth largest university in the state and has ⦠Thomas Stadium is a baseball venue in Johnson City, Tennessee, United States.It is home to the East Tennessee State Buccaneers baseball team of the NCAA Division I Southern Conference.Opened in 2012, the facility has a listed capacity of 1,000 spectators. east tennessee state university baseball schedule: east tennessee state university baseball roster: 1 result. Walter Villa tells the story of Knackâs rise to prominence. It is home to the East Tennessee State Buccaneers baseball team of the NCAA Division I Southern Conference. East Tennessee State University sports news and features, including conference, nickname, location and official social media handles. This information is very valuable for all high school student-athletes to understand as they start the recruiting process. The official 2021 Baseball Roster for the Middle Tennessee State University Blue Raiders Trending. Top Searches Holiday Gifts. Baseball History vs East Tennessee State University from Mar 8, 2019 - Mar 1, 2020 Western Carolina University. The official Baseball page for the University of Tennessee Volunteers Baseball Baseball: Facebook Baseball: Twitter Baseball: Instagram Baseball: Tickets Baseball: Schedule Baseball: Roster Baseball: News Basketball Basketball: Facebook Basketball: Twitter Basketball: Instagram Basketball: Tickets Basketball: Schedule Basketball: Roster Basketball: News Cross Country Cross Country: Facebook Cross ⦠East Tennessee State University (ETSU) is a public university in Johnson City, Tennessee. Texas State University Bobcats. Confirmation. 474 talking about this. East Tennessee State University Johnson City, TN. east tennessee state university baseball schedule: east tennessee state university baseball roster: 1 result. This is the official Facebook of East Tennessee State University Baseball team. 2. External links. Find customizable apparel, including t-shifts, sweatshirts, hats, and more merchandise and gear. Trending. The official Baseball page for the University of Tennessee Volunteers Top Searches Holiday Gifts. [4], The playing field at Thomas Stadium opened on February 17, 2012, when East Tennessee State defeated Eastern Kentucky 8–3 in front of 327 spectators. This is the East Tennessee State University (Tennessee) Baseball scholarship and program information page. The official box score of Baseball vs East Tennessee State on 2/14/2020 Baseball vs East Tennessee State on 2/14/2020 - Box Score - University of Toledo Athletics Skip To Main Content BREAKING: @theACC athletic directors voted on and approved college baseballâs season framework for 2021 this week. Trending. Thomas Stadium is a baseball venue in Johnson City, Tennessee, United States. East Tennessee State University Baseball ⦠The official 2020 Baseball schedule for the Middle Tennessee State University Blue Raiders The East Tennessee State Buccaneers are the 16 intercollegiate athletics teams that represent East Tennessee State University (ETSU), located in Johnson City, Tennessee.ETSU's teams include men and women's basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, tennis, and track and field; women's-only softball and volleyball; and men's-only baseball ⦠Recruiting Guidance ⦠East Tennessee State University. This is the official Facebook of East Tennessee State University Baseball team. 1 Marcia Fudge; 2 Christine Fang; 3 Kate Middleton; 4 ⦠[3] Features of the stadium include an LED video board, a FieldTurf ⦠The official Baseball page for the Middle Tennessee State University Blue Raiders 0 Committed Roster Athletes. The official 2021 Baseball Roster for the University of Tennessee Volunteers East Tennessee State University Location..... Johnson City, Tenn. Although it is part of the State University and Community College System of Tennessee, the university is governed by an institutional Board of Trustees. Here you'll get information regarding the college and information on their Baseball program like who to contact about recruiting, names of past alumni, what scholarship opportunities are available and ways to begin the recruiting process. 1 Charley Pride; 2 Dr Jill Joe Biden; 3 Nicki Clyne; 4 Tulsi Gabbard; 5 Rs Components; 6 Florida Gators; 7 Tushyclean Bidets; 8 Clogged Bathroom Drain; 9 Proud Boys; 10 Carol ⦠Official Site of East Tennessee State Athletics. JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (AP) -- Damari Monsanto had 11 points as East Tennessee State topped Lee University 62-53 on Saturday. The East Tennessee State Buccaneers men's basketball team represents East Tennessee State University (ETSU), located in Johnson City, Tennessee, in men's college basketball.East Tennessee State is coached by Jason Shay and currently competes in the Southern Conference.The team last played in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament in 2017.In March 2020 the Buccaneers ⦠© 2020 East Tennessee State Athletics. NCAA Ohio State University Buckeyes Starter Mat Rectangular Area Rug $20.98. School Address . 474 talking about this. All available historical details for East Tennessee State University. This article is about the East Tennessee State University baseball venue, located in Johnson City, Tennessee. East Tennessee State University Buccaneers Apparel StoreJohnson City, Tennessee. JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (AP) -- Damari Monsanto had 11 points as East Tennessee State topped Lee University 62-53 on Saturday. east tennessee state university baseball schedule: east tennessee state university baseball roster: 1 result. Currently on step 1 of 3 steps to complete the questionnaire. Joe Acosta: NJ: Vineland: 2018: RHP: Nate Adkins: TN: Bearden: 2018: 1B: David Beam: TN: Bearden: ⦠State of Franklin Road and University Parkway, This page was last edited on 21 April 2020, at 05:38. East Tennessee State University Buccaneers Sideline Store. JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Dec. 20, 2020) â The ETSU womenâs basketball team and Appalachian State took it to the wire on Sunday afternoon inside Brooks Gym. University School | ETSU PO Box 70632 | Shipping Address: 100 CR Drive Johnson City, TN 37614 423-439-4271 | Fax: 423-439-5921 Email: University School Webmaster. After his professional pitching career ended, Shipley became head coach of the East Tennessee State University baseball team, serving from 1966â77. East Tennessee State University Buccaneers Sideline Store. Samford University Baseball History vs East Tennessee State University Flat-rate shipping, so one low price ships as much as you want in each order! Your Account; Logout; Login; Create Account; Schools Index; East Tennessee State University (Johnson City, TN) Baseball Players . College baseball stadium in Tennessee, U.S. Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference; This biographical article relating to an American baseball ⦠East Tennessee State University ⦠The program will fall on the 28th of July. 1 Charley Pride; 2 Carol Sutton Actress; 3 Taylor Dever; 4 Keyontae Johnson; 5 Mortgage Interest Rates; 6 Donald Trump; 7 Photo Blankets; 8 Tushyclean Bidets; 9 Dr Jill ⦠JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Dec. 17, 2020) â The ETSU womenâs basketball team looks to get back in the win column Friday afternoon, heading on the road in a battle against Davidson inside Belk Arena. Date Day Opponent Location Time (EST) Feb. 14 Friday vs. Toledo Johnson City, Tenn. 4:00 PM The East Tennessee State University baseball program started in 1921, Jim Mooney was the first former Buccaneer to make it to the Major League level. Send updates to Baseball Almanac. [2] Features of the stadium include an LED video board, a FieldTurf playing surface, stadium lighting, berm seating, concessions, and restrooms. Top Searches Holiday Gifts. 1276 Gilbreath Dr, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614. 2 offers from $27.55. It is going to take place at the state-of-the-art Thomas Stadium which is the home field of the East Tennessee State University Buccaneers baseball team. East Tennessee State University Location..... Johnson City, Tenn. Officially Licensed Collegiate Merchandise. East Tennessee State University PO Box 70300 | Johnson City, TN 37614 423-439-1000 | info@etsu.edu 1276 Gilbreath Dr, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614. Send updates to Baseball Almanac.. On May 21, 1972, Ed Goodson ⦠JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Oct. 14, 2020) â The East Tennessee State University Department of Intercollegiate Athletics announced on Wednesday that they will transition to digital ticketing beginning this upcoming 2020-21 season. NCAA D1 ⢠Baseball Johnson City, TN ... USA Baseball NTIS Ohio Valley Club/Travel ⢠Trafford, PA: 1 Topsail High School High School ⢠⦠Founded ... EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY 2020 Buccaneers Baseball QUICK FACTS. All Rights Reserved. This is the East Tennessee State University Baseball scholarship and program information page. Location: Johnson City, TN; Nickname: Buccaneers; Conference: Southern Conference 2015-Present; Atlantic Sun Conference 2006-2014; Southern Conference 1979-2005; Ohio Valley Conference ? The official Baseball History vs East Tennessee State University. It is home to the East Tennessee State Buccaneers baseball team of the NCAA Division I Southern Conference. Fields marked with an ⦠East Tennessee State University. Here you'll get information regarding the college and information on their Baseball program like who to contact about recruiting, names of past alumni, what scholarship opportunities are available and ways to begin the recruiting process. Despite a late Buccaneer rally in the final minutes, the Mountaineers knocked off the Bucs in a 69-66 thriller. The East Tennessee State Buccaneers are the 16 intercollegiate athletics teams that represent East Tennessee State University (ETSU), located in Johnson City, Tennessee.ETSU's teams include men and women's basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, tennis, and track and field; women's-only softball and volleyball; and men's-only baseball and football. JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Dec. 21, 2020) â The legacy of legendary ETSU Menâs Golf Coach Fred Warren climbed to new heights on Monday, Dec. 21 as he was named Menâs Golf Coach Emeritus by Athletics Director Scott Carter and University President Dr. Brian Noland. NCAA D1 ⢠Baseball Johnson City, TN Joined: Jan 2013: Alumni: 0: Recruitment; Alumni; 0 Uncommitted Roster Athletes Login to View Uncommitted Roster Athletes. Trending. The Official Home of Catamount Athletics Main Navigation Menu. University School | ETSU PO Box 70632 | Shipping Address: 100 CR Drive Johnson City, TN 37614 423-439-4271 | Fax: 423-439-5921 Email: University School Webmaster. Former Giants outfielder / turned coach Larry Herndon attended Tennessee State University⦠Baseball History vs East Tennessee State University from Mar 17, 2001 - May 12, 2019 The official box score of Men's Basketball vs East Tennessee State University (Exhibition) on 12/19/2020 [2] Features of the stadium include an LED video board, a FieldTurf playing surface, stadium lighting, berm seating, concessions, and restrooms. Questionnaire. Get your East Tennessee State University Baseball T-Shirt here today at the official East Tennessee State University Bookstore site. JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Dec. 19, 2020) â After suffering a tough loss on the road, the ETSU womenâs basketball team look to their local rival Appalachian State to get back in the win column, clashing with the Boone side in Brooks Gym on Sunday afternoon. General. Top Searches Holiday Gifts. From BR Bullpen. Find customizable apparel, including t-shifts, sweatshirts, hats, and more merchandise and gear. East Tennessee State University . Skip To Main Content. W/L refers to Conference Win/Loss records. East Tennessee State University sports news and features, including conference, nickname, location and official social media handles. East Tennessee State University is a public institution that was founded in 1911. Name: State: School: Class: Pos. East Tennessee State University is a public institution that was founded in 1911. Main Navigation Menu. It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 11,151, its ⦠East Tennessee State University (ETSU) is a public university in Johnson City, Tennessee. Look around for more while youâre here. Samford University Baseball History vs East Tennessee State University [3] The stadium replaced Howard Johnson Field as the home of East Tennessee State's baseball program. East Tennessee State University PO Box 70300 | Johnson City, TN 37614 423-439-1000 | info@etsu.edu It is going to take place at the state-of-the-art Thomas Stadium which is the home field of the East Tennessee State University Buccaneers baseball team. Appearance on this list means the player attended the school, not that they played on the school's baseball ⦠Opened in 2012, the facility has a listed capacity of 1,000 spectators. Did you know that were four East Tennessee State University ballplayers who made it to the majors? Serrel Smith had five steals for East Tennessee State (4-3). A&T; Kenneth Pierce Jr, football, The Citadel; Braxton Shipp, football, East Tennessee State... Related searches. No pitcher in college baseball posted more dazzling numbers in 2020 than East Tennessee Stateâs Landon Knack, who struck out 51 batters and issued just one walk. 1. [6] The largest crowd to fill the stadium occurred on April 9, 2013, when 1,752 fans attended the Bucs' game versus Tennessee.[7]. DAVIDSON, N.C. (Dec. 18, 2020) â It was a back-and-forth battle on Friday afternoon as the ETSU womenâs basketball team suffered their fourth-consecutive defeat against Davidson, falling in a tough 70-64 loss to the Wildcats inside Belk Arena. Vonnie Patterson added 10 points for the Buccaneers, and Ledarrius Brewer chipped in nine points. The official Baseball page for the East Carolina University Pirates 1276 Gilbreath Dr Johnson City, Tennessee 37614. East Tennessee State University Baseball Recruiting Questionnaire. The official 2020 Baseball schedule for the Middle Tennessee State University Blue Raiders ... Keep up with all your favorite ETSU Sports with ETSU Football Gear as well as Merchandise and ETSU Apparel for baseball, basketball, soccer, softball, volleyball, and more. Here you can explore important information about East Tennessee State University Baseball. This is the East Tennessee State University Baseball scholarship and program information page. He was elected to the university's Sports Hall of Fame in 2002. A&T; Kenneth Pierce Jr, football, The Citadel; Braxton Shipp, football, East Tennessee State... Related searches. East Tennessee State University Johnson City, TN. East Tennessee State University (Johnson City, TN) Baseball Players Note: Statistics are for MLB play. Opened in 2012, the facility has a listed capacity of 1,000 spectators. For the Leesburg, Florida, baseball venue, see, NCAA Division I college baseball venues in, "ETSU Baseball: 2012 Quick Facts and Team Information", "No Long-term Solution for Substandard Johnson City Ballpark", "ETSU Opens Thomas Stadium with 8-3 Victory over Eastern Kentucky", "Freeman Homers Twice, but Bucs Fall to Penn State", "Vols Beat ETSU in Front of Sellout Johnson City Crowd", Ken Dugan Field at Stephen Lee Marsh Stadium, Bush Stadium at Averitt Express Baseball Complex, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stadium&oldid=952231758, College baseball venues in the United States, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The program will ⦠Quay Kennedy had 13 points and seven rebounds for the Flames. The official Baseball page for the East Carolina University Pirates east tennessee state university baseball schedule: east tennessee state university baseball roster: 1 result. JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (Dec. 17, 2020) -- Trailing by one with just over five minutes remaining, the ETSU menâs basketball team closed the game on a 14-4 run and survived a scare from Lee University, as the Bucs ended their homestand with a 62-53 win over the Flames on Saturday inside Freedom Hall. The Tennessee State University baseball program started in 1947, George Altman was the first former Tiger to make it to the Major League level.
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east tennessee state university baseball 2020
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Gauntlet: A Whimper Indeed
When I was very young, games were all about high scores. I can remember my uncle taking me to the arcade in the mall, where we'd play shooters and beat-em-ups, pinball and pac-man. At home, on the Atari, we'd compete in tank warfare, swing on vines across canyons, and box against one another for hours. But in the end, the focus was always on the high score.
That changed when I received the Nintendo Entertainment System for Christmas one year. Suddenly, the high score was an afterthought. In Super Mario Bros., what mattered was saving the princess, not gaining points. In the Legend of Zelda, the main goal was adventuring, not stockpiling numbers.
So when my friends and I first started playing Gauntlet II, we had a warped mindset.
Back then, you couldn't look online to learn more about games because there was no internet we could access. All we knew about Gauntlet was that all four of us could play together, and we would dive into that dungeon as deeply as we were capable, trying our best to beat the game. It quickly became a fan favorite among my friends, mostly because it allowed four player simultaneous play, a rarity among games back then. I have many memories of needing food badly only to find my supposed teammates shooting that much needed food before I could pick it up. Those were great times, and I look back on them fondly.
Yet the strongest memory I have is when one of my friends had a sleepover for their birthday, and we all vowed to finally beat Gauntlet II. We got started early on, and although we did many other things that night, there was always at least two players on the NES, working together to keep the party alive and progress further and further into that dungeon. Once we reached 50 levels deep, we were further than we had ever been, yet the game showed no signs of nearing the end. A friend said it can't be more than twice as many levels than Super Mario Bros., which had 8 worlds of 4 levels each, so we eagerly looked forward to level 65. Once it came and went, we all came back to the tv at level 99, only to find that level 100 was just another level of this impossibly deep dungeon.
But we persevered. While most of us played other games late into the night, we always had a rotation of two players on the NES, continually playing through each stage. Eventually, it became not just methodical but hollow; this was not hard, like TMNT or Battletoads, but it tried our patience nonetheless.
As the hours wore on, we got more and more tired. Still, we would all group up in front of the tv at level 150, level 200, level 250.... But it seemingly never ended. What if it had no end? What if this game was a throwback to the older games before the NES; what if it was like Pac-man, where no matter how long you played, you could never really beat it? But there were rumors even then that Pac-man could be beat, if you lasted long enough. We had no way of knowing whether this was true back then, but now the kill screen on level 256 of Pac-man is better known -- could the same be true of Gauntlet II?
Eventually we were "shape without form, shade without colour; paralysed force, gesture without motion". We were dead on our feet, and all other games came to an end. We pulled our sleeping bags close to the tv and took turns trying to stay awake past level 300, 350, 400. Some of us fell that night, not just in the game, but to the sandman himself. Those of us who remained were sure -- so absolutely sure -- that the final level must be 500. It's such a round number, and no dungeon can be deeper, surely. Surely.
But alas, 500 came and went, and we lost all hope. It was late. We were tired. Every second in the game our characters lost a portion of their life, and no amount of health would keep us alive throughout the night without someone adventuring for additional food. If we slept, it would be game over. One of us had to be sacrificed. So I offered to take the first watch.
One by one, the rest of my friends fell fast asleep while I half-played, half rested-my-eyes. I wasn't progressing through levels, exactly, but I was keeping the game session alive, so that in the morning we could push to what would surely be the true ending level: 999. I felt so certain that 999 would be the final level, because there was only room for three digits in the UI. I started daydreaming about what it might be like. What reward might the game designers have cooked up for whomever could make it to that final stage? Would there be some fearsome boss? Would there be a princess to save? Would we finally get out of this abominable dungeon? I imagined an ending like that of Dragon Warrior, as Dragon Quest I was known in the US at the time. Something with music, and a congratulatory screen, saying that we had saved the kingdom by making it to the very last level.
But then, abruptly, I was shaken awake. Before me were my friends, and, behind them, the Gauntlet title screen.
Breakfast that morning was not very fun.
Edit (November 2018): A reader pointed out a truth that I'd never even considered: there isn't a final level. After level 998, there's a treasure level, and then you get kicked back to level 1 again. The video below shows the loop back to level 1.
Posted by Eric Herboso at Tuesday, December 22, 2015
Labels: gaming, Wii Need to Talk
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Independent Development Trust
Published December 22, 2017 | By userwa
The IDT is a Schedule 2 state owned entity which manages the implementation and delivery of critically needed social infrastructure programmes on behalf of government. The organisation reports to the Minister of Public Works who is the Shareholder representative. The IDT National Office is located in South Africa’s capital, Pretoria, and has regional offices in all of the country’s nine provinces.
Our organisation was established in 1990 as an independent, grant-making trust. At its inception the organisation was allocated a grant of R2-billion by government, to support education, housing, health services and business development projects in poor Black communities. As a grant-making organisation the IDT supported approximately 8800 community upliftment projects during the first decade.
After 1999, the IDT was reconfigured and listed as a Schedule 2 programme implementation agency as prescribed by the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) (Act 1 of 1999). Since it establishment the IDT has delivered a combination of social infrastructure and social development programmes in predominantly rural communities across the country.
The IDT manages and delivers integrated social infrastructure programmes on behalf of government on time, cost effectively and through a people centred approach.
The IDT’s approach to social infrastructure development entails the necessary measures and networks required to prepare communities to receive, participate in, own and sustain their own development.
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photo: iStockphoto/Fertnig
First published in IGBP's Global Change magazine Issue 77, July 2011
The Global Fix on Nitrogen
James Galloway is a biogeochemist and the associate dean for the sciences at the University of Virginia’s College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Features |
The International Nitrogen Initiative brings together a range of stakeholders including scientists, industry and policymakers. Naomi Lubick discusses its foundations with James Galloway.
James Galloway
Photo: Jane Haley/
University of Virginia,
Nitrogen is essential to plant growth. But despite being the most abundant element in the atmosphere, plants are unable to use this inert form directly. They rely on microbes for its fixation – conversion into a reactive and usable form. In the early 1900s, it became easy to produce nitrogen-based fertiliser: the Haber-Bosch process revolutionised artificial nitrogen fixation, facilitating the production of millions of tons of nitrogen fertiliser.
The extensive use of such products has worked wonders for agriculture, but it has also caused a proliferation of reactive forms of nitrogen in the environment, causing soil acidification and oxygen depletion of waters. The International Nitrogen Initiative (INI) was set up to optimise the benefits of nitrogen while minimising its harmful side effects.
James Galloway, a biogeochemist and the associate dean for the sciences at the University of Virginia’s College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, was one of the pioneers of INI along with Jan Willem Erisman, a member of IGBP’s Scientific Committee, and many others. INI is currently chaired by Cheryl Palm, a senior research scientist at Columbia University’s Earth Institute.
Tell me about the beginnings of INI.
INI had its beginnings in October 2001, when we had the second international nitrogen conference in Potomac, Maryland, near Washington, DC. At the meeting, Jan Willem Erisman stood up and said that what we needed was an international organisation that would coordinate nitrogen research and investigations into integrated policy around the world. After some initial meetings and discussions with potential sponsors, the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) and IGBP ultimately became the two sponsors of the new initiative. We started regional centres, found people to direct them and started setting up an organisation from the grassroots. It was a very exciting time and is still a very exciting organisation.
What prompted the regional model and how did that work out?
Many aspects of nitrogen are a global phenomenon, but different regions use nitrogen in different ways, leading to different releases to and impacts on the environment. We wanted to make sure that the differences among regions could be captured. Regional components also enabled us to try to make sure that our approaches within regions were similar, so in the end you could put everything together and come up with a truly global story. Another driver for a regional approach is that some areas, notably sub-Saharan Africa, are nitrogen poor: there is simply not enough to provide food for people. Nitrogen issues in those areas are as important as, yet are quite different from, the issues in regions where there is too much nitrogen.
How did INI change the global conversation about nitrogen?
First, it connected people all over the world working on nitrogen issues and gave them a forum to discuss and share information. Through that process, we learned much more about what was happening in East Asia, South Asia, Latin America and Africa. And I suspect that people from those regions learned a lot more from the other regions that they weren’t part of.
And by having this organisation, we were able to figure out how to get beyond the science and move into policy. That’s been an increasing focus of INI. It’s tough because nitrogen is pretty complicated. The message has to be focused, using language that non-scientists can appreciate and understand.
How did INI start to engage stakeholders outside the scientific community?
The Fertilizer Institute of the US provided support in 2001. And since 2004, the INI has had at the table the International Fertilizer Industry Association (IFA), based in Paris. They were very interested in working with the scientific community, but were also very cautious and said, “we don’t want to be perceived as the sole supporters of this organisation. We will help you with financial support, but you have to get the bulk of your support from elsewhere” – which we did.
IFA provided financial support for international meetings. We had the 5th one in India in December, and the 6th one will be in 2013 in Africa. Through IFA, we developed connections to the plant nutrition community; now, the International Plant Nutrition Institute is at the table working with us.
Now, my personal goal is getting the animal products and production industry more involved. Whether you are talking about pork chops, cheese, milk or poultry, there’s a large and growing demand globally for these animal products, and there are ways of decreasing nitrogen losses to the environment during their production. We would like to work with that industry very much.
On the policy side, INI has hosted policy workshops. Recently we had a meeting in Edinburgh associated with the European nitrogen assessment meeting, Nitrogen and Global Change: Key Findings, Future Challenges. Stakeholders were invited from various UN and government agencies to sit down in one room and say, well, how can we work together to produce a global nitrogen assessment that’s so desperately needed?
You had to find ways to translate the science for people who do not have a research background. Have you met with success?
I think we have. Have we had total success? Well, no, because nitrogen is still an issue. The message that we have to get across is, why nitrogen? And part of that is what’s the good news and what’s the bad news about nitrogen use by human society? And how can you improve the situation while still providing the resources that people want? We are out to work with stakeholders to maximise the beneficial uses of nitrogen, and minimise the detrimental impacts, which is the mantra of the INI.
What are some of the main problems that you would tackle?
I will break it down into two systems: First, the energy-production system and burning of fossil fuels. Just like carbon dioxide is a waste product [of combustion to make energy], nitrogen oxides are a waste product. They can be captured, they can be controlled. Many countries are doing a good job of that already; it could be better. Other countries are just beginning. But that’s like handling any other waste stream: we know the science, we know the engineering, we have the policy instruments. It’s a matter of political and social will.
The second major system is food production. We estimate that of all the nitrogen that’s used to produce food, only about 15-20 percent actually enters a person’s mouth. The rest is lost to the environment during the food-production process.
One of the things that my colleagues and I have developed is the N-Print Project (N-print.org).
Featured right on the front page of the website for the INI, you can go in there and enter the amount and types of food you eat, the kind of car you drive, what kind of house you live in, and actually see how much nitrogen is lost to the environment due to a person’s energy and food lifestyle – and then the user can ask questions. What if I decreased my meat consumption? Instead of having it five times a week, what if I had it once a week? Then right on the screen it shows you how your nitrogen footprint diminishes.
What surprises people most when they look at their footprint?
Let me recast your question another way: what are the really obvious things that people could do to decrease their nitrogen footprint? There are two very simple unambiguous things they can do.
One is cutting down on food wastage. In the US, of the food that is purchased in the grocery store or purchased by a restaurant for serving customers, 30-40 percent is wasted. It is not consumed by people. By merely cutting down on food waste, you decrease the amount of nitrogen needed to grow food. That’s relatively easy to do because nobody really likes to waste food.
The other is tougher. In the US, the average amount of nitrogen consumed each year by a person is about 5 kilograms of nitrogen per person per year – and that’s in the milk we drink, the meat and soybeans we eat, it’s the protein we take in, expressed in terms of nitrogen. Animal protein is more nitrogen-intensive in its production as a food commodity than plant protein. The US Department of Agriculture says that on average, an adult only needs 3 kilograms of nitrogen per year. If people in the United States stop overconsuming protein, that would decrease by about a factor of two the amount of nitrogen lost to the environment in the US.
Then you get to the other sources: using fertiliser on lawns, etc. While they have some local impacts, when you are talking about looking at a total system, it’s food waste and the type and amount of protein consumed that are the two big ones.
What are points that INI could focus on in the future?
As to scientific research, the INI has a real opportunity to play a role in Asia. There you are going to have an increasing amount of nitrogen lost to the environment due to increasing populations and increased consumption of protein, especially animal products, on a per capita basis and increased consumption of energy on a per capita basis. The INI has a story to tell, and through its East Asian and its South Asian centres, it has a platform to tell that story. And this story should be told not just to scientists working there, but also to a broader audience of stakeholders, including policymakers.
There is currently an IGBP synthesis on nitrogen and climate that is being led by Jan Willem Erisman to help society better understand the relationships. Nitrogen has both direct and indirect contributions to climate change. The direct contributions are increased emissions of N2O (nitrous oxide) to the atmosphere. The indirect contributions include increased concentrations of O3 (ozone). Both N2O and O3 are greenhouse gases and contribute to atmospheric warming. Another indirect contribution is the increased loading of nitrogen-containing aerosols, which have the potential to scatter solar radiation and will act as a cooling agent.
On the policy side, the INI is right now an independent organisation associated with SCOPE and IGBP. In my personal view, the more the official connection to recognised international bodies, the more its potential impact. The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) is an obvious one because of the food aspects. But the challenge of nitrogen is that it needs to be more than one or two organisations. Because it’s not just food, the environment or energy. It’s everything.
Naomi Lubick is a freelance science writer.
Non-identical twins
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen compounds pose twin challenges to society. Both are bi-products of anthropogenic processes: CO2 of the burning of fossil fuels and nitrogen compounds of food production and the burning of fossil fuels. But Galloway points out an important difference between the two. Whereas there is a degree of choice regarding the extent to which we burn fossil fuels to generate energy – flying is desirable but not essential – we have no alternative but to grow food for a burgeoning population. We could one day burn fewer fossil fuels and switch to other forms of energy. But releasing reactive nitrogen to the environment during food production is unavoidable. For this reason, approaches to dealing with increased CO2 emissions and the proliferation of reactive nitrogen are different. INI must work to help producers and policymakers minimise nitrogen waste, but the approach cannot be to stop people from using nitrogen altogether.
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The King's Vampire
One of my teachers in high school claimed to have been babysitter to a young Stephen King. He told us that even as a boy, the best-selling author of horror was a "weirdo." I wasn't completely convinced that his claim to have known Mr. King was true because he was drunk most days of the week, and therefore spent the better part of class time wandering between moods of nostalgia, indifference, and belligerence, and lecturing us accordingly.
I read a lot as a teenager, but I didn't read any of King’s books. The made-for-TV adaptations of his works were a series of cheesy disappointments that didn't send me running for the library to check out an armful of them to read. It wasn't until a vampire drove Elizabeth into my arms that I took an interest in the "weirdo's" macabre scribblings.
The first movie Elizabeth and I watched together as we were dating was Disney’s animated version of “The Jungle Book.” Not exactly a roll-around-on-the-couch-and-make-out flick, but more a sit-close-and-hold-her-hand-to-prove-that-you-would-make-a-kind-and-sensitive-husband-and-father movie. (It worked.)
The next movie that we watched together was suggested by Elizabeth herself, with the disclaimer that it had always frightened her to a thrill. I began to realize that she wasn't anything like the girls I had been running with, and looked forward to sitting beside her when she got scared.
“Salem’s Lot” is another of King’s TV adaptations, and although it is dripping with cheese, if you watch it in the dark after the sun goes down, it leaves a mark on your soul. (You’ll please excuse the pun; David Soul of Starsky and Hutch fame stars as the hero.) There are a few terrifying moments spent with the vampire, but the best is when he confronts the family’s priest, who has come to talk sense into the teenage son that believes that a vampire has come to their small town. Moments after the mother tells her son that “nightmares seem real,” the creature rises from the floor like a black curtain of death hoisted by Satan himself. The pale undead skin of the vampire’s face stretches tight over his ancient skull, his eyes glow bright yet lifeless, and his fangs appear as a work of disgusting, terrible, yellow beauty.
Elizabeth sought shelter in my puny arms, and I have loved that vampire ever since.
After watching “Salem’s Lot,” I read a lot of Stephen King’s books. I liked most of them, and learned a greater appreciation for him as a writer. Prolific, yes, terrifying, yes, twisted, most definitely; the drunken declarations of my High School teacher seemed very plausible. Stephen King was most certainly a weirdo, but he was a weirdo that I could admire.
Years later, Elizabeth began to tire of my own constant and vocal wishing to someday become a writer. The trouble was that I almost never wrote, and when I did it never amounted to more than a page of dreadful musings. Having no writing discipline, I had no claim to the title of writer.
That all changed in a moment, however, on the day that Elizabeth said to me, “Would you please either start writing, or shut up about becoming a writer!?”
Her words were not harsh in their honest delivery, but still I felt hurt and humiliated for a moment, before realizing that she was right. I didn't start writing, but I did take to thinking more about the actual writing process and promised myself that I would start writing very soon. I just needed more time.
But I wasn't allowed any more time. Elizabeth didn't stop with her demand that I pen up or shut up. She found a local writing group that met every month at the Wiggin Memorial Library in Stratham, New Hampshire.
And then she had the nerve to make me join it.
I wrote a story about "durt" and the group loved it, in spite of it being almost fifteen pages of terrible writing. They voiced their praise along with a few edits, and in one hit the writing group became a drug. I couldn't wait for the month to pass so that I could get my next fix. I started to write almost every day, even if it was just a few lines at a time.
Still, Elizabeth didn't stop there. She also bought me a book; a book about writing, written by Stephen King. More a memoir than an instructional text on how to become a writing legend, the book put my dream into perspective and inspired me to keep at it. I was encouraged to learn that Stephen King had not just fallen out of the black sky at midnight with an armful of pre-written best-sellers and a fat stack of cash in his backpack.
No, he didn't succeed out of nowhere; he labored at it. He wrote. And wrote. And wrote. And while he wrote he lived, and while he lived he worked, suffered, loved, laughed, cried, survived, and went a little crazy. But through it all, he wrote. Even after being hit by a car and suffering debilitating injuries that left many unsure as to his continued success as a best-selling powerhouse, he wrote.
So I kept on writing. And while I wrote, I lived, and while I lived, I suffered, loved, laughed-you get the idea.
Then Jared died.
So I wrote. And went a little crazy.
Crazy enough that it came time to move. We needed to find some happy in a new and unfamiliar place, a place where we could drive for miles without passing the dark forest where we had found Jared. But halfway through our move west, with houses nearly sold and bought, I started to panic at the thought of leaving a successful business, a beloved neighborhood, and a number of dear friends for a new life which promised no certainty other than challenge. Elizabeth's response over the phone while house-hunting 2,500 miles away left me with no doubt that we were doing the right thing.
“If we don’t go for it now, we never will,” she declared, adding, “I want you to come to Oakley and take a break. No job, no worries, just writing,” she said.
“But-“ I began to worry at once.
“No buts!” Elizabeth sliced my worry in half with a gentle shout. “We’ll make it work. I’ll find a couple of jobs if I have to. Enough already; you need to finish this book! If you don’t finish it now, you won’t ever finish it, and then you’ll always wonder if you could have done it, and so many people will never hear Jared's story,” she concluded.
So we moved to Oakley. I finished the book. It’s called “Westof Independence.” That’s it in the picture, sitting on a library shelf beside one of Stephen King's.
So I write, but not to have my book(s) beside Stephen King’s. I write because I love to, even when it’s hard to. I write because it gives so much back to me, even when the readers are few and the sales are slow. I write because my little brother Jared died of loneliness, and I feel terrible at how I treated him, believing that he would always come back to hug me and hang out with me in spite of my abuse, self-righteousness, and callous indifference to his suffering. I write because I want my kids to know that no matter how impossible your dream, you have to try, because if you don’t try you have already failed.
And I write because a vampire chased a beautiful woman into my arms.
Thank-you Mr. King.
Labels: book, dreams, love, Stephen King, vampire, West Of Independence, Writing
Affirmation Repayment Plan
I do not belong here, and these are not my people. They don’t want to read my book, and they are too wrapped up in their own moments to share one with me. How did I let Elizabeth talk me into this?
These were just a few of my nervous thoughts as I sat behind my assigned table at the Affirmation conference for LBGT Mormons and their families this past Saturday. Tucked back into a corner, further away from the foot traffic than most ware peddlers would want to be, the seclusion of my location was quickly becoming a comfort. I watched as gays and lesbians passed by on their way to workshops and speakers that were surely far more informative and experienced than myself and what I had to offer. Most of them were well-dressed men with perfect hair and broad smiles, and all of them appeared to be content, even confident, as they walked gaily past my table without so much as a glance.
There were a few that stopped (perhaps out of pity) to look at the photos of Jared, the Tribune article, and the reviews that Elizabeth had printed out and slipped into brand new clear acrylic display frames. I sat with my Mac on my lap, ticking away at what I hope will be my next book, trying to look legitimate and qualified as an author while feeling crippled with inadequacy. Unlike my father, who could sell life insurance to the already dead, I am not a good salesman.
I got a bump around 10:00 am when Carol Lynn Pearson, who was speaking at the conference, came and met me. She has been reading “West of Independence,” and to have such a giant among writers and poets hug me and tell me that I was doing a good work was rewarding, a real dream come true.
But soon after Carol’s visit the morning was dragging on, and were it not for my two fellow table-bound peddlers David Moore from Safe and Sound and fellow author Jeff Laver and the deep discussion we shared about so many things including God, gays, and redemption, I would have lost all hope, gathered up my wares, and left for good.
At last Elizabeth returned from the “Out of the Darkness Walk,” which she had done in memory of Jared. With her she brought me some sustenance, and not just in the form of food. She has long been my buoy, keeping my pessimistic head above water when all I see about me are heavy seas and wind driven rains. We eventually sold all but two of the copies we had brought with us, and handed out several “West of Independence” information cards. Things are always better with Elizabeth beside me.
The evening events started with a social hour, and the large room quickly filled to capacity with happy, smiling, eating gays and lesbians, some with parents and siblings, others with partners and friends, and still others with their adopted children. Elizabeth and I sat amidst the cheerful banter and watched as people connected and reconnected all around us. I felt a bit like Mr. Scrooge looking through frosted windows at happy Christmas families, wishing to be a part of the celebration but somehow unable to knock on the glass and selfishly draw their attention.
The social hour ended, and a testimony meeting began. For those not acquainted with the LDS faith, this is a meeting that is typically held once a month within each congregation. It is a chance for those who feel so inclined and inspired to stand up and share what they know and feel and believe to be true. In this particular testimony meeting, I sat and listened as people stood and wept, overcome with emotion in a moment that for many was the first time they had felt able to bear their testimony in years. (Many gays and lesbians have been dis-fellowshipped or even excommunicated from the church, while others fear isolation should they stand and share their true selves with fellow members.)
I wanted nothing more during that hour than to stand and share Jared’s story, and to ask them for his forgiveness by proxy. My back began to ache with the stress of it, and I stood in order to pace at the back of the room. As a young man from South Africa stood to share his personal convictions and hope for the future, I felt crash over me a powerful wave of embarrassment at the realization that I have many times taken for granted the opportunities I have to worship, to learn, to serve, and most of all, to fit in at church. Rather than take time away from those that had been given the rare opportunity to stand and share their feelings, I chose to pace at the back and wish away a past that I cannot change.
During the very moving testimony of a man from South Africa, I recalled a particular moment of my past that has haunted me for more than two decades, and felt a tear-filled compulsion to send a letter of apology to my older brother.
The moment went like this: My brother (I call him Harrison in the book) and I were arguing about something quite forgettable in the upstairs hallway of our home in Connecticut. I had recently discovered the fact that he had “decided” to be gay. Pride and anger dictated that I had to win the argument, and so I uttered with great disdain a word that I knew would cut him to the quick.
“Faggot!”
Cut him to the quick it did; I saw defeat and despair in my brother’s eyes. Over the next several years my behavior towards my two gay brothers followed suit.
Standing and pacing at the back of that testimony meeting, I realized that I had never truly apologized to Harrison for that moment. I left the meeting and made for my table of solitude.
The evening program was about to begin, and people began to once again pass by the peddler’s tables. A woman approached my display, and after a moment stated that she would like to buy a copy.
“Do you have change?” She asked, pulling a fifty from her bra.
“There’s something about a woman that keeps money in her bra,” I remarked.
“Can you trust such a woman?” She asked.
“I’d probably trust her more for it,” I replied while counting out her change, grateful for the light-hearted moment.
I carried the last copy of my book into the large conference room and sat beside Elizabeth. We began the meeting with a standing congregational hymn entitled “The Spirit of God.” It was loud, and it was proud! I began to feel a comfortable welcome creep into my veins.
A man wearing a Hawaiian lei stood at the pulpit and recited a blessing in his island tongue. He then spoke about his first Affirmation conference some thirty-plus years ago, and the immediate feeling of belonging that he had felt for the very first time as a gay Mormon. It was very moving, but he didn't stop there. He then remembered and spoke the names of some old friends that had since passed away, and invited anyone who wished to stand and speak the names of loved ones gone but not forgotten. Without so much as a hint of trepidation, I stood in turn and with what I hoped was enough conviction and power to mask the complete sadness I felt at having to do so said aloud, “I remember my little brother Jared.”
As many others stood to remember loved ones, it became clear to me that Jared was not alone; he was not the only one who had taken his life after suffering rejection, confusion, and depression because he was gay.
The feeling of comfortable welcome was more than creeping now, it was rushing.
The program continued, and a woman named Judy Finch spoke to us about her own trials and joys of being a mother and grandmother to gay boys and men. It was of some comfort to hear that her own initial reaction to such a challenge had been similar to mine, but the greater comfort came upon hearing that time, faith, experience, and love had eventually won the day. She is now a pillar among the people, a champion for the good cause, and a true example of loving motherhood. A remarkable woman indeed.
The evening continued, and Steve Young (yes, that Steve Young) spoke. Being a Cowboys fan, I can still respect all that the man has accomplished on the field, but I honestly had no idea that he was such a true champion off the field. He spoke candidly about his own fears, his own weaknesses, and his own trials, and how he has learned to turn them into strengths. He spoke of “throwing without knowing,” which was something he had to do many times because at 6 feet (and three quarters) he was much shorter than many other great quarterbacks, and was therefore unable to see his receivers. He confessed that one of his greatest moments was hearing a stadium filled with opposing fans settle into silence as he lay underneath hundreds of pounds of defensive players; the pass he had thrown in faith as he went down had been caught to win the game. He was humble, honest, and hilarious, and I admire him for the good work that he does.
And then Barb Young, Steve’s wife spoke. Beautiful does not describe her, inside or out; she stood up and glowed. Her love and spirit were tangible; they seemed to fill the room. I somewhat irreverently pictured her warmth piercing the hearts of everyone in attendance, like the lightning at the end of “Raider’s of the Lost Ark” but in a good and kindly way. She moved us all from laughter to tears and back again, sharing her deep feelings of love, admiration, and hope for her beloved LGBT family. What a pinnacle moment, to hear her share her convictions and love with such energy and sincerity.
To conclude the meeting we stood and held hands while singing the children's song “Love One Another.” I held Elizabeth’s hand and felt her tremble when the tears came. I thought back to growing up beside my sweet little brother and how as we grew older I had not lived the words of the song, in spite of a constant self-assurance that in rejecting him I was in fact, loving him. I bowed my head under the weight of a familiar sadness, lost in grief for a moment.
And then I looked up and around the room. I saw hundreds of people holding hands and singing words of love with powerful yet gentle conviction. My eyes were suddenly wet with happy tears, and I felt sure that Jared knew my heart. I felt sure that I belonged there in that moment, singing words that had never before meant so much to me.
The meeting ended with a prayer of hope, and people began to mill about and chat before reluctantly saying goodbye. I watched a mob descend upon the Youngs. They were all smiles and hugs, posing for photos and chatting quite comfortably with everyone who approached them. Elizabeth and I sat there for a few minutes, wondering if we were going to do the same, when we saw a break in the wall of people that had rushed to greet and thank Judy Finch. We stood and made our way over, hoping to thank her for her words. I carried under my arm the last copy “West of Independence,” with the thought of possibly gifting it to Barb Young should I suddenly become courageous enough to approach her.
Judy Finch was an absolute doll. She took our hands and thanked us for being there, and we traded kind words and smiles before she asked what had brought us to the conference. I shared with her our story and told her about "West of Independence." She saw it under my arm, took it from me gently, and asked if she could buy it. I gifted it to her immediately. She asked for a way to contact me after she had finished reading it, to let me know what she thought. We said our thanks and goodbyes, but before leaving I had to share one more thought with her.
“I’m not gay,” I said, “but I have to say it; your hair is fabulous! You are a silver fox!” And she is.
We milled about the room some more, and I finally met John Gustav-Wrathall, who was a source of inspiration and comfort in the months following Jared’s death. His powerful testimony and endless service to others are benevolent forces to be reckoned with, and his words and faith blessed our lives in a time of great trial. I am sure that I was unable to communicate that effectively to him, but perhaps he will read this someday and know what he has meant to Elizabeth and to me.
Elizabeth then sent me over to meet a woman named Wendy Williams Montgomery while she stayed put in order to meet Barb Young. I walked shyly across the room and stood alone outside the circle of people that were hugging, laughing, and taking photos with a woman whose love for her gay Mormon son roars like a lion. After a few minutes I gathered up my courage and reached out to touch her shoulder.
“My wife sent me over here to meet you,” I said. “She says that you read my book after meeting her on Facebook.”
She had read it, and she loved it. I was in a weird way honored to hear her tell me that it moved her to tears. She pulled her husband Thomas over to meet me.
“Remember that book that I read, the one that made me bawl my eyes out? He wrote it,” she said by way of introduction to a man with whom I can relate in more ways than one, and hope to get to know better one day.
We chatted away like old friends, and I loved them both in an instant. Elizabeth made her way over for a hug and some happy conversation, and we took a photo together. They are special people; their courage as parents is infectious, and they will long serve as an example of unconditional love.
From there Elizabeth and I moved closer to Steve Young. The crowd around him was much smaller now, comprised of just a few men.
“How was Barb?” I asked, while waiting for a window.
“She was sweet, I am glad that I met her,” Elizabeth admitted.
“Screw it, I’m doing this,” I finally said, making my way over to shake Steve’s hand.
And to tell him that I am a Cowboys fan.
(Personal Note: when meeting a Super Bowl MVP and star quarterback, there is no need to inform him that you are not a fan…)
I recovered quickly by telling him that my Uncle Freddie “The Giant” had been a huge Forty-Niners fan.
And then I went in for the hug. Yes, I hugged Steve Young without warning.
“Hey look, six feet tall,” I then said like an idiot, waving my hand over both our heads.
I am pretty certain that Elizabeth made in that moment a conscious decision to keep me clear of heroes and celebrities.
But she did let me meet one more, and I am grateful. I walked over towards Barb Young with confidence, and then melted into a six foot tower of warm candle wax as I approached her. I felt like an idiot, out of place and naked. I stepped forward nonetheless, and was greeted by her dynamic, even explosive smile.
“I just wanted to thank you for your example,” I think I said.
She said something in reply, but my ears were burning with red-hot intensity as they often do when I am nervous, and so I can’t be sure of what she said.
I managed to tell her that I was like her friend, a former “sign-pounder.” In her talk, Barb had told the story of her Mormon friend from California that had pounded a “Yes on Prop 8” sign into her front yard. This sign pounder had subsequently learned a valuable lesson of love from her lesbian neighbors when she came to them literally on her knees and weeping to ask for their forgiveness when Prop 8 passed. They had held her close, forgiven her, and told her “all that matters is this moment.”
I told Barb about Jared’s suicide, my great shame, and my hope for redemption through “West of Independence.” Her reaction was unforgettable; she took my face in both her hands, her eyes conveying an empathy that I have not often seen in others.
Tears welled in my eyes as she said, “All that matters is this moment.”
We shared a hug, and I thanked her. I walked over to Elizabeth, and was at once welcomed into yet another happy conversation with friends that I hadn't yet met.
And then it struck me.
I had started out that morning feeling alone, unwanted, and afraid, surrounded by strangers that belonged with each other. I had watched them, envious at the comfortable way that they gathered together in a purpose that they loved and in which they believed. The isolation that I had experienced was but a fraction of what these same people often felt whenever they dared cross the threshold of their local Mormon churches in order to worship, learn, and grow.
I was lucky; it had only taken a few hours for me to be accepted, welcomed, loved, and taught by these wonderful people, while they have waited for years to enjoy the same from a church that they patiently love. And their wait goes on. I felt like a thief, having taken from them more than I think is possible to repay.
But I have to try, because all that matters is this moment.
Posted by Matthew Deane 3 comments:
Labels: affirmation, barb young, belonging, carol lynn pearson, forgiveness, gay, judy finch, lds, lgbt, love, mormon, parenting, redemption, steve young, suicide, unconditional, West Of Independence
Shadows Land
The following is a chapter from West of Independence. It conveys a pivotal moment in my life. It is a moment that I cannot take back, a moment that casts a shadow over who I am. I can't say with any amount of certainty that had I acted differently, had I been a better man, had I reached out with love, Jared would still be here today. What I can say with absolute certainty is that I would not have known the terrible regret, shame, and self-loathing that accompanied (and clouded) my grief, loss, and sadness when my little brother Jared took his own life.
This Saturday I will be taking part in the "Out of the Darkness Walk." But no matter how far I walk, I know that I have to do it under the shadow of how I treated Jared.
Chapter 14: January 1995
“Is Jared gay?” Our friend Jessica’s question more than caught me off guard. It struck away my powers of speech and thought.
My mouth hung open and wordless in reply, my eyes wide and unfocused. After an awkward moment, I managed to pry the lid of my brain open, and let slip the first thought to escape.
“No, he just dresses well.” I blurted.
“But you don’t think he’s gay?” Jessica pressed.
“No, he’s not gay, my older brother Harrison is,” I offered, as though it were both an excuse and a compromise.
There could be no more amount of gay in my life. Harrison had already laid claim to the one gay spot allotted our family.
“And that means Jared can’t be gay? Do you really believe that? I would think that one gay brother increases the odds, wouldn't you?” With her first question Jessica had pressed the knife between my ribs. Her second question twisted it.
“I would know if he were gay, he would tell me. He’s my brother.” The look in my eyes closed the door on any further discussion, and Jessica dropped the subject.
That night, in the darkness of our bedroom, I asked Ella what she thought of Jessica’s line of questioning.
“Would it matter if Jared were gay?” She countered, avoiding a direct answer while quietly laying the burden of any response to Jessica’s question at my feet. I had been hoping for reassurance from her that Jared was straight.
I didn't answer her question that night, and in time the topic was pushed aside by the worries of life.
Several days later I returned home after a long day of dirty carpets to find Jared and Ella sitting together, tears in their eyes and tissues in their hands. The closing credits to a movie rolled up the TV screen. I took a few steps across the room and picked up the video case sitting on top of it. The movie was called “Shadowlands” and starred Debora Winger and Anthony Hopkins.
“Matthew, you have got to watch this movie.” This came from Ella, a runny-nose sound to her voice.
“Why? You don’t look very happy after having watched it.”
“No, Matthew, she’s right. You should watch it,” Jared said.
“Isn't this movie about C.S. Lewis, the guy that wrote ‘The Chronicles of Narnia?’ Doesn't he die at the end? No thanks, I don’t want to watch a sad movie about death,” I laughed.
“Don’t laugh! Yes it’s sad, but it’s also beautiful. And for your information he doesn't die, his wife does.” Ella wiped her nose, dropping the tissue into a pile already on the floor.
“He finds the one true love that he always wanted, and they are so happy together. Then she gets sick and dies, and he is lost without her. I want to have love like that someday, to find someone I’d be lost without.” The look on Jared’s tear streaked face told me that to poke any more fun at the movie would be a mistake.
I dismissed Jared’s usage of the term “someone.” I was unwilling to entertain any more thoughts about him being gay, and was not about to ask him about it directly. I went to take a shower, and by the time I came out the movie and its case had been hidden away.
We continued to live, work, and play together, the three of us enjoying the limited freedom that comes from living on an hourly wage far away from the pressures of family.
Note: Today is "World Suicide Prevention Day." Let it be the day that you decide to always act out of love rather than fear and ignorance, so that when your moment arrives you will be ready.
Take it from me; once that shadow lands, it never leaves.
Posted by Matthew Deane 1 comment:
Labels: gay, grief, little brother, moment, regret, shadow, shame, suicide, West Of Independence
Reading About Me
The large auditorium was filled with tables, every table was filled with books, and every book was filled with words. My two sons and I wandered about, picking and browsing our way through it all. We had been at the Park City Library book sale for about twenty minutes when it happened.
“Dad, come here,” Caleb said, his hand reaching out and pulling lightly on my arm.
I turned, and found myself facing a familiar and very formidable enemy: Self-Doubt.
Caleb’s presence crackled beside me as I reached out and picked a copy of my own book, “West of Independence” from the table of books in front of us. It felt heavy in my hand, so much so that the bones in my forearm threatened to snap under its weight. My heart dropped into my gut, and the air around me grew thick with the syrup of dread. I suddenly found it difficult to breath.
“Bad enough to see it here, but please don’t let it be the library’s copy,” I prayed without words as I peeled back the cover.
It wasn't, but that did little to keep my spirit from slipping further down the treacherous slope of failure towards the dark and depressive despair waiting below.
Standing beside me was one of my biggest fans, one of the four living people that I hate to disappoint. In the long moment that followed, I wondered what it meant for Caleb to watch me pluck my work from a library book sale table; did he feel sorry for me? Would this be the moment that changed forever the way he felt about his father? Was I as much a failure in his eyes as I was in mine?
I swallowed hard and said aloud with feigned confidence, “Someone must have read it, and then donated it to the library for the book sale. That’s nice.”
I stuck the book between two large hardcovers that I had already picked from another table. I didn't want anyone to see my picture on the back cover and feel sorry for me.
“Are you going to buy it?” Caleb asked.
“Sure, why not? I’ll buy it and sell it to someone else, or your mom can send it to someone for a review,” I answered, turning away so that my son would not see the forced optimism in my eyes.
I wandered in and out of the tables, trying to ignore the heavy burden I carried with me. Within the short course of a few minutes, I had rifled through piles of my favorite authors, looking for anything they had written that I hadn't read.
And then it hit me…I was rifling through books written by my favorite authors, in the same book sale where my son had found a copy of mine! I felt my self-worth claw its way back to the top of that slippery slope and up over the edge. Exhausted, he lay on his back and sucked in the sweet air of victory.
Between the three of us, we picked out two bags of books. Together we made our way to the checkout table, where a woman offered to help us tally what we owed. I emptied the first bag and handed over the stack of books.
“Do you have to pay for it if you wrote it?” I asked, a joke in my tone.
“Oh? Did you write one of these?”
“Yes, I wrote that one,” I said, pointing at “West ofIndependence.”
“Oh my, I've been reading about you, and I have been wanting to read this!” The woman exclaimed, dropping my fellow authors onto the table so that she could cradle my work in her hands.
“Well, that’s kind of you to say, let me buy it and I will give it to you,” I offered.
“Oh, no, I want to buy it. Would you sign it for me?”
So I did. With my sons watching.
Suck it, Self-Doubt.
Labels: author, book, book sale, confidence, happiness, parenting, Park City Library, publicity, self-esteem, West Of Independence, Writing
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In defense of Iron Man 2
So Iron Man 2. By now, it’s just kind of an accepted fact that it’s just the worst, so I don’t feel I have to go into why that is. It’s bad I get it. But like a fool I’m still going to defend it. Basically I’m just going to ignore the attacks everyone is making and instead defend the film from the attack that almost no one is making. Because I hate being accessible? Maybe. What almost no one (but not actually no one) is saying is that the film is an a tribute to everyone’s (no one’s) favorite (not actually a) philosopher and all-round grumpy person, Ayn Rand.
So accessible.
You can find articles arguing for that here, here and here. What I’m going to argue is that this interpretation misses a lot of the nuance of the film, which actually works as a deconstruction of the Randian ideal. And actually, I’m going to go even further than that and argue that Marvel’s most capitalist hero is actually a full-on defender of the role of government in… well a lot of things. Some thing anyway.
But I can see where the criticism comes from. In fact, you can see it in the very first scene. For those who don’t feel like re watching two hours of tedium (or even like, ten minutes), that scene is all about Tony Stark defending his right to keep the Iron Man suit and not have to give it to the government so they can repel foreign invasions. And it’s true, the scene has a lot of parallels to a similar court scene in Atlas Shrugged, which I guess is about this character, Hank Rearden’s right to not to have to give up his Iron Man suit so the government can use it to build railways or whatever (full disclosure: I haven’t actually read Atlas Shrugged. But come on, who wants to do that? Have you guys seen atlus shrugged? It’s a friggin tome! And anyway, I read the sparknotes summary. Well, some of it.). Both Rearden and Stark are super-rich genius inventors who have invented this amazing new way of making Iron man suits. In both cases, the government wants to take away their invention (remember: Iron Man suits) and use it for the public good and in both cases the protagonists argue that the public good is best served by keeping the Iron Man suits in private hands. Both Rearden’’s and Tony Stark’s speeches basically amount to “you want my stuff, well you can’t have it” and focus on the sacred right of property. So there’s a pretty convincing link between Stark and Rand.
Is this Iron Man 2 or Atlas Shrugged? I can’t tell either!
Then there’s this whole capitalism thing. Obviously, there’s the fact that Stark is super-rich corporate executive and did I mention he has a lot of money? He does. Also, there’s the fact that the courtroom scene ends with Stark saying something like, “I have successfully privatized world peace. You’re welcome.” Look, I never said this film was subtle. So, I guess it’s not strange then that people look at the beginning of the film and see the similarity between Tony Stark and Ayn Rand, and go “yep. That’s pro-capitalist all right. Nothing could possibly disprove that”.
Except, that’s not exactly true. First, it’s important to note that Iron Man 2 and Atlas Shrugged differ in where they place the speech. In Atlas Shrugged, it’s near the end (or somewhere, whatever, space is relative right?), right before the government collapses in an explosion of Iron Man suits (because they’ve taken them all. Moral of the story: don’t take all the Iron Man suits. They explode) but in Iron man 2 it’s actually the first scene. The Hubris scene. In fact, the entire rest of the film is spent showing that pretty much all of what Stark says in this scene is false. Tony says no one else is even close to building a similar suit, but in the next scene we are introduced to evil Russian, Whiplash who has built a similar suit. Tony says he’s never going to give the suit to the government, but later on, he does just that. And if we go back to Atlas Shrugged, the outcomes are completely different. In Atlas shrugged, everything goes to hell because the government wants to take the suits (remember, they explode). In Iron Man 2, when they are denied the help of the premier inventor, the government goes to his inferior rival, which is the catalyst for everything bad that happens. So basically, everything goes to hell in Iron Man 2 because Tony Stark won’t help the government.
Then there’s the case of Stark’s illness. In the courtroom scene, Stark claims that he can sustainably protect America from outside threats. This is not true. If he dies, which the film goes to great lengths to make us believe he will, he won’t be able to protect anyone. And, in fact, what’s killing him is his own invention. Although it might be tempting to make the connection to the unsustainable way we are treating the planet, even I have to admit this is a bit of a stretch. But, remember, the explicit connection between Tony Stark and privatization was made already in the courtroom scene (that whole, privatized world peace line). So, if Stark is capitalism, and Tony Stark has a problem in his heart, then I don’t think it’s a stretch to say that the film implies that capitalism has a problem in it’s very heart.
And speaking of that illness, let’s think about how Tony deals with it. For a superhero famed for his resourcefulness, he deals with his impending doom incredibly poorly. He shuts out his friends, he drinks, and he behaves just generally irresponsibly. In the end though, he solves the situation by creating a new element which doesn’t kill him. Yes, this is incredibly stupid, but if we look past stupid it is, the way it happens is pretty revealing. On his own, he flounders he can’t do it. Instead, it takes the intervention of SHIELD and a message from Howard Stark from the past to help him solve the riddle. How does Tony’s dad know he’s going to need a new element in 50 years? How does Nick Fury know that Tony’s dad knows the secret? Best not to think about these questions. What is interesting to think about, however, is what Howard Stark and Nick Fury represent. As head of SHIELD, Nick Fury, clearly represents the government.
Clearly the government.
Howard Stark, Tony’s father, is maybe trickeir to parse, but I think that probably the simplest reading is that his role is meant to further emphasize the fact that Tony didn’t build himself up from scratch. His wealth, his power, and now even the idea for a new element that saves his heart, was handed down to him, essentially given to him. Are these interpretations a bit of a stretch. Maybe. But remember, these are choices made by the filmmakers. They didn’t need to have Stark be helped by SHIELD or his father. In fact, the film would probably have been better if it didn’t involve these elements. Instead, the plot jumps through unnecessary hoops to work in these interventions, I take this as evidence that the film really wants be saying that the free market, as embodied by Tony Stark, can only be effective through the help of government intervention, as embodied by SHIELD, and the legacy of earlier innovators, as embodied by Howard Stark.
And if you look at the ending, it’s not Tony Stark working by himself that take down Whiplash. Instead, it’s Stark, working in close coordination with Rhodey – the government soldier who, despite all of Stark’s grandstanding in the opening scene, is actually given an Iron Man suit. Private enterpise assisting the government to take down problems. So, using this analysis, a surprisingly consistent message has emerged. Private enterprise owes a great deal to the government, and as such has an obligation to contribute to the good of society. While this isn’t exactly a radical idea (if I ever get around to doing an analysis of Iron Man 3, I’ll show that film is way more radical) it’s a far cry from the Randian ideals that a lot people attribute to the film. Shame it’s still kind of a terrible film.
Correction: An earlier version of this post misstated the main characters’s name as “John Reardon” not Hank Reardon.
Correction 2: An earlier version of this post described the plot of Atlas Shrugged as being about trains and metal and some other bullshit. This was clearly wrong.
Posted on May 7, 2017 May 9, 2017 Author Erik
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Battle of the Terek River, 22 April 1395
The battle of the Terek River (22 April 1395) was the final clash between Tamerlane and Toktamish, leader of the Golden Horde, and ended in a decisive victory for Tamerlane.
Toktamish had originally seized control of the Golden Horde with Tamerlane's help, but a rivalry had soon developed between the two men. Toktamish had suffered a major defeat at Kunduzcha, in the steppes to the north of the Caspian Sea in 1391, but this had not broken his power.
While Tamerlane conducted his Five-year Campaign (1392-6), Toktamish attempted to negotiate an alliance with Sultan Barquq, the Mamluk ruler of Egypt. In 1394 the Golden Horde raided the northern borders of Tamerlane's empire, advancing through Georgia before retreating back towards the steppes.
Tamerlane entered winter quarters on the south-west shores of the Caspian Sea. From there he sent a message to Toktamish asking why he was risking battle once again, giving him another chance for a peaceful settlement. According to the Zafarnama (Book of Victory) of Sharaf ad-din Ali Yazdi Toktamish came close to choosing peace, but was persuaded against it by his courtiers and generals, responding instead with a 'rude and imperious answer'. War was now inevitable.
Tamerlane's army broke camp on 10 March 1395. According to Yazdi the army was so large that it was five leagues wide as it advanced in order of battle, stretching from the Caspian Sea to the mountains.
Tamerlane found Toktamish at the Terek River. The Golden Horde was in a strong position, in a fortified camp that defended the only available ford across the river. A second source, the report of the Spanish envoy Clavijo, records how Tamerlane tricked his way across the river. For three days his army marched up the river, followed on the far bank by the Golden Horde. At the start of the third night the women of the camp were dressed up as soldiers and remained in the camp, while the army itself made a forced march back to the ford, getting across the river without a battle.
This fits in with Yazdi's account, which has Toktamish abandon his strong position and retreat for some distance before rallying. After crossing the Terek Tamerlane advanced along the river, towards an area where more supplies were available. At the same time Toktamish managed to rally his troups, and advanced towards Tamerlane along the lower Terek. On 21 April the two armies were finally facing each other on the same side of the Terek.
On the morning of 22 April Tamerlane organised his army into seven bodies. Mirza Mohammad Sultan, one of his grandsons, commanded in the centre, while Tamerlane led the reserve, which consisted of twenty seven chosen companies.
Tamerlane's left wing came under heavy pressure early in the battle when a strong detachment from Toktamish's right wing advanced to attack. Tamerlane responded by leading his reserves into the battle. Toktamish's men were forced back towards the main body of his army, where they rallied. One of Tamerlane's reserve companies advanced too far and ran into the enemy main body. Tamerlane's men were forced back towards his own position. The fighting retreat turned into a minor rout, leaving Tamerlane dangerously exposed and in hand-to-hand combat. A body of fifty men under Shaykh Nur ad-Din came to his rescue, and were followed by several other groups, including Tamerlane's regiment of guards. Finally Mirza Mohammad Sultan led some of his men from the centre to attack Toktamish's right wing, forcing them to retreat.
Tamerlane's right wing was hard pressed by Toktamish's left, which soon surrounded it. Tamerlane's mounted soldiers were forced to dismount to prepare for a last stand, but were saved by reinforcements arriving from the centre.
The fighting in the centre seems to have been fierce but rather more straightforward, and ended with Toktamish's men in retreat. The battle was finally decided when Toktamish himself turned and fled from the field, breaking his own power for ever.
In the aftermath of the battle Tamerlane attempted to capture Toktamish, but he escaped into the lands north of the Volga. Tamerlane then turned to the destruction of the power of the Golden Horde, sacking Tana, a trading city where the Don reached the Black Sea, and Sarai, the capital of the Horde. With these two cities destroyed the Golden Horde was never able to regain its former power, while the northern trade routes across Central Asia were closed, forcing the merchants to travel through Tamerlane's empire. Toktamish himself survived, and made a series of attempts to regain power although without success. Towards the end of Tamerlane's life he even attempted to gain the help of his vanquisher.
How to cite this article: Rickard, J (27 August 2010), Battle of the Terek River, 22 April 1395 , http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_terek_river.html
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Chris Steele (Big Dume)
2006 Founder Award – Independent Rock Drummer of the Year – 16th Annual LA Music Awards
Reflective of the Malibu coastline for which they are named, Big Dume deliver a musical blend of power, beauty and danger while seductively evoking extraordinary emotion. Formed in early 2004 by singer/songwriter Brandon Jenner and a close knit group of musicians emerging from the growing Malibu music scene at venues including the Malibu Inn and the Dume Room, Big Dume are set to release their debut full-length CD titled, Inside My Head, on July 26, 2005.
Opening with the dark and introspective title track, Inside My Head moves through an incredible fusion of styles, thought-provoking lyrics and emotive arrangements before closing with a stripped down acoustic confessional in “I Lost You.” Loaded with textured melodies and biting honesty, the album ventures deeply into the complex balance between love and loss; narcissism and humility; sensitivity and cynicism; confusion and clarity; while within it all, an addictive curiosity leads the listener from one track to the next with heightened interest.
A commanding presence on stage, Brandon Jenner, at age 24, is in every way a natural born star. With a pedigree and environment overflowing with talent and charisma, Brandon is the first-born of gold-medal Olympian Bruce Jenner and pop-culture beauty and award winning lyricist, Linda Thompson. Thompson later married 14-time GRAMMY Award winning producer David Foster, who has been a close part of Brandon’s life and growth for 20 years.
Brandon found his life-long interest in music grow into a full-blown passion while attending University of Colorado at Boulder. While studying astronomy and philosophy, he found the comfort of a second-hand acoustic guitar to be the answer to his own deepest questions of life. Inspired by the writing and performing of such artists as Ben Harper, Jeff Buckley, John Lee Hooker and bands including Ween, Cake and Radiohead among others, Jenner went on to develop his talent and unique style with equal eloquence of voice and string.
Big Dume’s lineup includes a unique set of talented players and characters that help create the magic both on stage and in the studio. Drummer Chris Steele holds a master’s degree in jazz studies and anchors the rhythms while bringing innovative percussion technique to an original rock sound. Bassist Joe Ayoub is an experienced touring artist, writer and producer who has also worked with Liz Phair, Marvin Sapp and Tyler Hilton, among others. Additional vocals and piano are delivered by the beautiful young talent, Leah Felder, who like Jenner is a life-long native of Malibu. Daughter of the legendary original Eagles lead guitarist Don Felder, Leah has formally trained and studied voice and classical dance for most of her life. Her soulful sound and energy have become another highlight of Big Dume’s dynamic live performances. Leah and Brandon had also previously teamed up to form another band called Night Vision in 2003.
In addition to his own songwriting and recording, Brandon has done session work on guitar with notable artists including Josh Groban, Michael Buble and pianist William Joseph. He also earned his national touring stripes as the bassist in the punk band 2 Cents during the 2003 Warped Tour.
With a keen sense of self and creative drive, Brandon and his younger brother Brody recently collaborated in creating and producing an unscripted television series that has since been sold to Fox Television. The Princes of Malibu is currently scheduled to debut in prime time on Sunday, July 10 on Fox Television Network. In addition, the brothers were both recently tapped to be the newest Guess? Jeans models in the company’s upcoming outdoor advertising campaign.
Big Dume’s full length debut CD Inside My Head will be released on Brandon’s own Chartless Records label and distributed nationally by ADA. The album was produced by Brandon Jenner. The debut single, “Mexico,” is scheduled to hit the AAA and alternative airwaves on June 14, 2005. Big Dume will also be hitting the road for a nationwide tour later this year. Streaming tracks, performance dates and other updated information are available at www.bigdume.com. Big Dume All Music Guide BiographyLed by vocalist and guitarist Brandon Jenner (Bruce Jenner’s son), Malibu’s Maroon 5-ish, lightly funky Big Dume also features vocalist and piano player Leah Felder (daughter of Eagles guitarist Don Felder), bassist Joe Ayoub, and drummer Chris Steele. The July 2005 release of the band’s debut album, Inside My Head, coincided with the Fox network premiere of Princes of Malibu, an unscripted reality series following Jenner and his brother’s sometimes contentious relationship with stepfather (and multiple Grammy-winning producer, writer, and arranger) David Foster. ~ Johnny Loftus, Rovi
Read more at http://www.artistdirect.com/artist/bio/big-dume/3324404#jCCeggswuUrAF3fr.99
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Clyde’s Ride
Nominee at the 10th annual LA Music Awards
This is the first full-length album from the 1998 San Diego Funk Band of the Year (San Diego Area Music Awards 1998) Clyde’s Ride. The nine songs on the album represent the range of music that the band performs, from the full blown funk of Silver Dollar, to the classic smoke-filled lounge sound of I’m Not Through With You to the alternative tinged Bitter.
From the Label
Following an opening performance at last year’s Sun God Festival and a win at the Belly Up Tavern’s Band of the Year competition, the release of Clyde’s Ride’s self-titled debut album marks another significant step for the band. The album successfully captures the band’s funk/R&B style. The harmonies and trade-offs between Sapico and the band’s other vocalist, Lani Ludwig keep the vocals fresh and interesting. The rest of the band, comprised of Johnny Fong, Brian Yaspan, Perkin and Monahan, create a danceable vibe throughout. Taken individually, each of the album’s nine songs can definitely hold its own. However in the scope of the entire record, all of the tunes begin to sound similar. Nevertheless, Clyde’s Ride should be commended because they have avoided the all-too-familiar ska path in exchange for a more timeless musical style embodied in this solid debut effort.
See all Editorial Reviews
1. Silver Dollar
2. Lani’s Lament
3. Prince
4. Blue Dots
5. I’m Not Through With You
6. Bitter
7. Aisles of Smiles
9. Sounds Good
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Albert David Brandow
Name Albert David Brandow [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Born 10 May 1874 Michigan [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Died 15 Jan 1937 Wasco, Oregon [6]
Person ID P1393 Lemon-Knapp
Father Eli Brandow, b. Abt 1848, New York
Mother Pricilla Henrietta Wright, b. 25 Jan 1848, Livingston County, Michigan , d. 4 Jul 1944, Thompsonville, Benzie, Michigan (Age 96 years)
Married Abt 1871 Michigan
Divorced Aug 1899
Family Carrie E House, b. Aug 1879, Michigan , d. 24 Mar 1971, Multnomah, Oregon, United States (Age ~ 91 years)
Married 24 Nov 1894 Howard City, Montcalm, Michigan [7]
1. Loren A Brandow, b. Mar 1897, Michigan [Natural]
2. Willard Brandon, b. Feb 1899, Michigan [Natural]
3. Harry Brandow, b. Abt 1902, Wisconsin [Natural]
4. Floyd Brandow, b. Abt 1904, Michigan [Natural]
[S-2111509479] 1880 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, (- Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2005. 1880 U.S. Census Index provided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints © Copyright 1999 Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. All use is subject to the limited use license and ), Year: 1880; Census Place: Hartwick,Osceola,Michigan; Roll: 600; Family History Film: 1254600; Page: 62C; Enumeration District: 220; Image: 0134.
[S-2113903230] 1910 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (- Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2006. For details on the contents of the film numbers, visit the following NARA web page: NARA. - United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910. Washington, D.), Year: 1910; Census Place: Montreal,Iron,Wisconsin; Roll: T624_1713; Page: 10A; Enumeration District: 0034; Image: 737; FHL microfilm: 1375726.
[S-1747741661] U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918, (Ancestry.com. U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.), Registration State: Minnesota; Registration County: Crow Wing; Roll: 1675390.
[S-2113927563] 1920 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (- Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2005. For details on the contents of the film numbers, visit the following NARA web page: NARA. Note: Enumeration Districts 819-839 on roll 323 (Chicago City. - United States of America, Bureau of the Cens), Year: 1920; Census Place: Wolford,Crow Wing,Minnesota; Roll: T625_829; Page: 3B; Enumeration District: 134; Image: 535.
[S-2113878077] 1930 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (- Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2002. - United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1930. T626, 2,667 rolls.: United States o), Year: 1930; Census Place: Brainerd,Crow Wing,Minnesota; Roll: 1084; Page: 4B; Enumeration District: 6; Image: 676.0; FHL microfilm: 2340819.
[S-1746196012] Oregon, Death Index, 1898-2008, (Ancestry.com. Oregon, Death Index, 1898-2008 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2000.), Oregon State Library; Oregon Death Index 1931-1941; Reel Title: Oregon Death Index M-Z; Year Range: 1931-1941.
[S-2113879941] 1900 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (- Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2004. - United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1900. T623, 1854 rolls.: United States of A), Year: 1900; Census Place: Knight,Iron,Wisconsin; Page: 1B; Enumeration District: 40; FHL microfilm: 1241791.
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Trumpet History through
Great Trumpet Players including Brief Bios and Opinions as
to their Best Work
Trumpet history begins with a long straight tubular instrument The trumpet worked by amplifying the sound of lips pressed together that are buzzing as air is forced between them. Different sources claim the first trumpet originated in Egypt or in China. Knowledge of the instrument goes back at least 4000 years. This large instrument, often 6 feet long or more, was frequently used for ceremonial purposes. These early trumpets played notes akin to a modern bugle. Only overtones could be blown and a chromatic scale could not be played.
In medieval times the tube was folded to make the instrument smaller. By the 16th or 17th century the trumpet had acquired a shape similar to today's horn. In the early 1800s valves were invented and trumpet history changed dramatically. The valves effectively changed the length of the tubing and used in different combinations made playing the chromatic scale [all notes in the western scale] possible. Much more music began to be written for the trumpet.
The cornet had tubes which were more conical in shape and a mellower sound but the same range and technique of the later developed modern trumpet. In the early days of jazz history, ensembles of musicians played in street marches and for social occasions in New Orleans. The range of the cornet at the top of the brass instruments and its volume and carrying ability made it a natural lead instrument which usually played the melody of the songs.
Great Jazz Trumpet Players
Buddy Bolden is the first great musician in jazz history. He adapted the ragtime music being played by New Orleans marching bands. He infused that music with blues and loosened the beat even more than ragtime had. Thus began jazz - the combination of African and European music. Many say jazz began with Buddy Bolden
Joe "King" Oliver was influenced greatly by Buddy Bolden. Following Bolden's disappearance from the New Orleans music scene, King Oliver became the leading bandleader in New Orleans and then the top leader in Chicago. His Creole Jazz Band was the best of its time. He was also the biggest early influence on Louis Armstrong and brought Armstrong from New Orleans to Chicago. Without King Oliver trumpet history would differ and jazz might not be what it became.
The greatest jazz trumpet player of all time and the most influential figure in the history of jazz is Louis Armstrong. Born at the turn of the century in New Orleans and raised in the roughest parts of the city, he grew to be a towering figure in jazz. His trumpet virtuosity with his robust tone, astounding high range, and fluid legato style would of itself make him a legend. But he was so much more than that.
Before Armstrong, New Orleans jazz was group improvisation upon a song with occasional 1 or 2 bar individual bits. The history of Louis Armstrong to 1924 ended with the apex of the classic New Orleans style of jazz.
At the same time that he was helping create the finest New Orleans jazz, his own musical growth was sewing the seeds of the end of that style's predominance. He became the first and greatest virtuoso in jazz trumpet history. Louis Armstrong's remarkable tone, technique and improvising and his overpowering musicianship led to his soloing for a complete stanza and chorus or more in a song. He infused more blues into the music and loosened his solos from the ground beat, moving the rhythms ahead and behind that beat. Jazz was changed from group improvisation to solo improvisation supported by ensemble backing. And with Louis Armstrong after 1924 the music came to swing more and more.
He also had a profound influence on jazz singing which will be considered in the Vocal section of the site. Louis Armstrong was a great jazz trumpet player. His innovations were profoundly important in the development of jazz.
Bix Beiderbacks [1903-1931] came from a German-American family in Iowa along the Mississippi River. He grew up in a home full of classical European music. He became fascinated by New Orleans jazz and taught himself trumpet. Bix listened to jazz on the Mississippi riverboats and later moved to Chicago where he listened to and sat in with King Oliver, Louis Armstrong and many other greats. He developed a beautiful, pure tone and an improvising style that was beautiful without being sasherine or corny. Nether Bix nor anyone else influenced early jazz trumpet history like Satchmo did. But he developed a ballad style that was not surgary nor was it blues based. Bix Beiderbecke influenced many others with his lyrical style and melody based improvisations.
Roy Eldridge [1911-1989] "Little Jazz" was born in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania. He was an early great in trumpet history who was not directly influenced by Louis Armstrong and the other New Orleans pioneers while a young trumpeter. His early influences were Red Nichols, Jabbo Smith and Bix Beiderbecke on trumpet and more importantly Coleman Hawkins and Benny Carter on saxophone. He played extremely fast scale-like runs in a fluid style closer to the saxes of the time than to the leading trumpeters. He also extended the playing range of the trumpet upward. His tone was not the clear bell like tone of Beiderbecke nor the richly beautiful, full tone of Armstrong. He tone was brassier - it was thinner but still strong and he often cracked the tone. Roy Eldridge was a virtuoso who became the leading jazz swing trumpeter of the late 1930s and whose playing greatly influenced Dizzy Gillespie and the beginning of be-bop.
Dizzy Gillespie [1917-1993]was born in rural South Carolina and moved to Philadelphia and then to New York as a young man. His idol as a young player was Roy Eldridge. He learned to play like Roy Eldridge and then surpassed him. Dizzy was perhaps the greatest virtuoso on trumpet in all of jazz trumpet history. He, Charlie Parker and others developed a new style of jazz which came to be called bebop. He also introduced Afro-Cuban polyrhythms into big band jazz. A true giant in jazz history - Dizzy Gillespie had an effect on everything in jazz that came after him.
Theodore "Fats" Navarro (1923-1950) was born in Key West, Florida. He played and learned in a couple of midwest territory bands before coming to New York in 1945. He replaced Dizzy Gillespie in the Billy Eckstine big band in New York and after a couple of years left to play in small combos. A combination of a weak constitution, heroin addiction and tuberculosis led to his early demise and this was a tragic loss for jazz. Fats was one of the first bop trumpeters along with Dizzy Gillespie and Miles Davis. He played with a fat sweet tone and every note sounded intentional. Fats Navarro greatly influenced Clifford Brown and his style was widely spread through the influence of Brownie.
Clifford Brown [1930-1956] was born into a musical. middle class home in Delaware. He was just a few years younger than Fats Navarro and patterned his playing after Fats. His playing surpassed that of his idol and he co-led the pre-eminent hard bop combo with drummer, Max Roach. His beautiful flowing melodies where every note has a reason and his gorgeous fat tone made him a virtuoso at a very young age. Clean living Clifford Brown tragically died at age 25 in an automobile accident. Every modern trumpeter is influenced by him.
Who is your favorite great trumpet player?
Return from Trumpet History to Jazz Music History
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Navine G. Khan-Dossos
Freedom and Equality, or Death
Freedom and Equality, or Death (or Happy Birthday Maria)
Gouache and household emulsion on wall.
Installed at the Victoria Square Project in central Athens (victoriasquareproject.gr). The Victoria Square Project is an ongoing social sculpture by the artist Rick Lowe, originally created for documenta14.
Based on the Greek flag, the work brings together the many shades of blue that the national flag has passed through in its evolution. According to popular tradition, the nine stripes represent the nine syllables of the phrase “Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος” (“Freedom or Death”), the five blue stripes for the syllables “Έλευθερία” and the four white stripes “ή Θάνατος”.
It also features an ‘=’ sign, symbolising equality, suggesting that a future flag for the country might consider this as a possible addition to freedom.
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Government embarks on Agricultural Transformation Project
by Julita Peter, GIS
The project shall result in an increase in production which will allow Saint Lucia to capitalize on trade opportunities in the French market.
The Government of Saint Lucia has embarked on an Agricultural Transformation Project with the aim of bringing about a dynamic shift in the industry.
A significant component of the Agricultural Transformation Project is the implementation of a three-year Banana Rehabilitation Program for which EC$13.8 million has been allocated in the 2017 Estimates of Revenue and Expenditure.
According to the Minister for Agriculture, Hon. Ezekiel Joseph, there has been positive feedback following discussions between the Government of Saint Lucia and some of the major supermarkets in the United Kingdom who have given their commitment to buy Saint Lucia bananas.
“We are looking at January 2018. Why? Our productions levels are still low,” Minister Joseph said. “We are just recovering from Matthew, so we are not in a position now to ship to France. So based on our project that we are going to start after budget, and the support which we will be giving to our farmers, we shall see an increase in production which will allow us to capitalize on the opportunities that the French market provides. You shall be seeing us moving from the dismal 8000/10,000 tons a year to at least 30,000/40,000 tons, and by year three of the project, 50,000 to 60,000 tons. That is our target. So there are opportunities to rescue and market our bananas.”
Important to the success of the Banana Rehabilitation Program is the management of the Black Sigatoka leaf spot disease.
“Managing the disease alone, you will not realize an increase in production. You must have a holistic approach—soil conditions, nutritional conditions; all these are important to impact on productivity and production; and that is why the management of Black Sigatoka will be part and parcel of that new project.”
During this fiscal year, the Ministry of Agriculture will be undertaking several other projects. Among them, the completion of the Agro Processing Facility to which EC$370,000 have been allocated, the rehabilitation of some 45 farm roads, and the implementation of policies to encourage livestock farmers back into production.
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Detective Jack Talbot
Standalone >
Ghosts of September
The Wilde Diaries
Rush of the Dead
Tall Tales: A Blog
of the Unexpected
A blog of short stories and spooky tales of the paranormal
Click here for FREE ebooks!
The OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING
The history of mankind is riddled with the weird and the wonderful; bizarre people, strange places and odd events. For centuries, we’ve told each other fantastic stories around campfires and in darkened rooms. Tales of ghosts, UFOs, and conspiracies, but are these stories exactly that: Stories? There’s only one way to find out! Join me as I dive down the rabbit hole and into… the Unexplained Files.
The Oklahoma City bombing, until one dreadful September morning in 2001, was the worst terror attack in the United States. How does this tragic event make it into The Unexplained Files? Anomalies. Lots of anomalies.
On the morning of 19 April 1995, a Ryder rental truck packed with explosives was parked outside the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. At 9:02am that bomb was detonated, killing 168 and leaving hundreds more injured. The powerful explosion blew off the building’s entire north face and the blast damaged or destroyed over 300 buildings in the immediate area.
Forensic evidence quickly connected anti-government militant Timothy McVeigh and co-conspirator Terry Nichols to the attack. McVeigh was already in jail, having been stopped a little more than an hour after the bombing for a traffic violation and then arrested for unlawfully carrying a handgun. Before he was scheduled to be released from jail, he was identified as a prime suspect in the bombing and charged. The same day, Terry Nichols, an associate of McVeigh, surrendered in Herington, Kansas. At least, that’s the official story…
One of the first responders on the scene was police sergeant Terrance Yeakey. He was nearby on a routine traffic stop when the explosion shattered the morning quiet. He raced to the scene, working tirelessly for three hours, dragging eight people from the aftermath, later receiving a key to the city of El Reno for his efforts. Yet his superiors were unhappy. Terrance had submitted a 9-page report of events that went against the quickly established narrative. A report that included multiple explosions and unexploded bombs. So who was right?
Discrepancies
Timothy McVeigh was arrested near the scene of the bombing roughly 90 minutes after. Why was he stopped? He was driving a car with no licence plates. If you imagine the planning this event must have gone through and this oversight seems baffling to say the least. Weak? There’s more. According to the official story, the target of the attack was the bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, who McVeigh blamed for the tragedy of the Waco Disaster, yet not one ATF agent was injured. That’s because, on the morning of the attack, they weren’t there. Well, two claimed they were, but with hindsight, that looks like a mistake.
Two men from the ATF claimed not only to be in the building, but to be heroes. Their story falls apart under little scrutiny. One of the “heroes” claimed that he was trapped in an elevator shortly after the explosion after it descended in freefall. Oscar Johnson, an elevator mechanic upon inspection of the buildings elevators said, “No elevators were in freefall. No possible way.” He also rubbished the claim that the agent climbed out of the elevator car to join rescue efforts saying that the locking mechanism had not been touched. If there had been anyone in there, they would have to be rescued just like everyone else.
Witnesses reported bomb squad vehicles parked across the road from the building at a church two hours previous, again lending credence to the idea of advanced knowledge.
Multiple witnesses reported seeing 2 or even 3 men park the Ryder Truck in front of the building, who left in a brown pickup. An APB was issued for said vehicle and more witnesses came forward saying whenever McVeigh was spotted before the bombing he was never alone. Sketches were made of a mysterious John Doe 2. In spite of all of this, after what was at the time the worst terrorist attack on US soil, the search for John Doe #2 was quickly abandoned.
One FBI agent admitted on record that all fingerprints collected at the scene were not run through databases and an OKCPD officer said that he and colleagues had been held back from assisting recovery efforts and saw, “men in FBI raid jackets dismantling video cameras off the side of the building”.
One of the strangest things in the whole story of the Oklahoma City Bombing was the recovery of a random leg. During the blast 8 victims lost left legs, yet a ninth was recovered. The owner of the leg was never found.
Multiple local news reports from the morning of the bombing reported more than one device - “another bomb” “other devices” “another explosion” - and even one scene where a truck was seen and discussed, the job of which was to, “transport the explosive device away from this populated area.” The rescue operation was even shut down for 20-30 minutes to account for this. Was it these devices Terrance Yeakey had seen during his own rescue endeavours?
By the afternoon, news media were changing their story. As if that weren’t enough to call the official story into question, there’s more…
According to the final report, one truck bomb was responsible for the devastating damage. That bomb changed from a 1200lb ammonium nitrate fertiliser and fuel oil bomb to 4800lb bomb, to 7000lb of fertiliser and nitro methane.
Even so, a truck bomb is essentially an air blast. This air blast was going up against 8 feet of reinforced concrete. The damage recorded was wildly inconsistent with similar or even much larger bombs of its kind. Another point raised was ammonium nitrate fertiliser bombs release a noxious nitrous oxide - breathing that cocktail in such large concentrations would have led to first responders being hospitalised. No such hospitalisations were recorded.
Furthermore, there was evidence of explosions inside the buildings. Footage from OK County Sheriff’s office minutes after blast shows the north side parking lot littered with paper and debris. The location of these papers meant they would have to have travelled against the blast wave. Debris from the Murrah Building was found on top of buildings on the other side of the street, and piled against the foot of the nearby records building, again, travelling against the blast wave. Could this have happened as part of the collapse of the north face? Of course. But when you look at the damage caused by an air blast, this seems unlikely.
Survivors reported explosions and shaking inside the building before the truck bomb went off. Three separate seismographs recorded 8-10 seconds of activity, suggesting the possibility of two blasts, and two separate energy spikes. A member of the OK Geological Survey stated the activity could not be put down to floors collapsing, nor could the last 5 seconds be the result of an air blast.
On 23 May 1995, barely a month after the attack, going against advice from structural engineers that it could be rebuilt, the Murrah building was demolished, despite body recovery being incomplete. Any remaining evidence was destroyed with it.
Terry Nichols was sentenced to life in prison in 2004. On June 11, 2001, Timothy McVeigh, at the age of 33, died by lethal injection at the U.S. penitentiary in Terre Haute, Indiana. His body was cremated quickly - without autopsy, going against standard procedure for executed prisoners.
Sgt. Terrance Yeakey
On the morning of 8 May 1996, at 7am, Terrance Yeakey’s car was found. The inside of the car was full of blood, razor blades, and a knife. The car was locked, the windows rolled up.
Between 6-7pm that same day Terrance’s body was found. His wrists and neck had been slashed. He had rope burns on his neck and handcuff marks on wrists. He had sustained a gunshot wound to the head. An immediate search of the scene recovered no firearm.
His death was ruled a suicide.
According to the official story, Terrance had inflicted the wounds on himself in the car, locked it, walked a little over a mile, climbing a waist-high barbed wire fence in the process, and shot himself in the head.
But even the gunshot wound was called into question. The wound was at a strange angle, inconsistent with suicide. The bullet entered the temple region above his right eye and exited below his left cheek. There were no powder burns.
No autopsy was performed.
We may never know. It is known the paperwork for the Whitewater scandal, a failed real estate investment venture involving then-President Bill Clinton, was stored in the Murrah Building. Shortly after the blast, a team in blue, unmarked jackets collected boxes of files from the wreckage. Could that simply be coincidence?
Another strange connection is links to the intelligence community. Operations were underway to infiltrate groups posing threat to the US government. McVeigh’s behaviour in the build up to the event bears the hallmarks of “Sheep-Dipping”, a term intelligence agencies use when they pretend to remove someone from the military, secretly turning them into a covert operative. If that sounds far-fetched, it’s worth keeping in mind his death certificate stated his occupation as “US Army”, that despite a 9-year gap since his military service and the fact he’d held other jobs since… and just to muddy those waters further is the involvement of Dr Jolyon West, dubbed “Mr Mind Control”. West has connections to Patty Hearst, RFK assassin Sirhan Sirhan, and Lee Harvey Oswald’s killer Jack Ruby. West visited McVeigh on multiple occasions prior to him waiving all his appeals and requesting to be fast-tracked to federal execution.
Even without that twist, what with the numerous discrepancies between witness reports and the official story, and the tragic end of Terrance Yeakey, the terrible events of the morning of 19 April 1995 do carry the tell-tale signs of a false flag.
In 1994 and ‘95, the US Congress failed to pass an omnibus crime bill that would expand federal jurisdiction to crack down on the second amendment and create new agencies with the alleged aim of increased monitoring of US citizens. In the wake of the Oklahoma City Bombing, the bill was repackaged as the “anti-terrorism effective death penalty act.”
The act was signed into law one year and five days after the attack.
Of the 168 killed that dreadful day, 19 were children in an employee day-care centre.
Want to dig deeper into The Unexplained Files? If you want to find more of this kinda thing daily/weekly, join us at the Facebook page!
A Quick Update...
“Going Wide!”
I was looking into the idea of ending my Amazon exclusivity and “going wide” i.e. publishing on many platforms. The process can be frustrating and really time consuming: formatting, covers (different places use different dimensions), uploading, tax shizzle… and on and on. That’s per online store you want to put your book on. Considering that Amazon represents roughly 70% of the ebook market, the question that comes to most self-published authors without a massive audience is the same one: Is it really worth it?
Then I found someone who uploads to all of the stores for you. A one-stop shop, if you will. Fast. Less hassle. So I thought I’d upload a tester, just to see how the whole process worked.
And one of those frustrations came to bear. It’s fine. We can deal with it. It’s all in one place. Overcome this one hurdle and that’s it… But I got locked into this Catch 22 nightmare that I couldn’t undo. So I contacted help. Help took an age to reply, and basically told me to use the help pages on their site. I had thought of that. It didn’t help. That’s why I contacted them. The tall and short of it is, no “going wide” for me just yet. Just need to bide my time until this whole lockdown situation calms down and their help peeps are back in the office.
Sorry to disappoint those waiting for this. The best things come to those who wait, they say. Let’s hope so!
So my super-secret screenplay project is moving along nicely. The first draft is done and in terms of page-length, tone, and lots of other stuff, I feel like it’s in really good shape. Maybe my best ever first draft. So why the secrecy?
Screenplays are funny things. Unless you are commissioned by a studio to write something, you have to write it first, then try to sell it. Between first draft and finished movie, so many things can happen, including not selling it - i.e. nothing at all. I don’t want to get too far ahead of myself at this stage or jinx anything. I probably won’t mention the screenplay again unless there’s major news (at which point you won’t be able to shut me up about it - you have been warned!).
I will say this: because of the subject matter and amazing source material I’m working with (it’s an adaptation, see) I do feel this one has a chance of making it to screen. A real chance. Fingers crossed.
There’s an old expression about best laid plans going to shit (or something). Life gets in the way and so on and so one. I found out kinda out of the blue that I need to move house. Major ballache. (Boxes are piling up around me as I speak.) Just saying because obviously there might be some disruption to post frequency and maybe post/newsletter length. Hopefully things will move quickly and smoothly, but fair warning.
That’s all for now. Keep it weird, folks.
For updates and horror/UFO/conspiracy trivia, follow Marc on Facebook.
The howling vs. American Werewolf
What are your top 3 werewolf movies?
If you didn’t say 1985 Michael J. Fox classic Teen Wolf, hang your head in shame (Go, Beavers!). But no doubt most fans of the genre mentioned a film from 1981. That’s because in 1981, we got what are generally considered the two best werewolf movies of all time. If you’ve read Laszlo, you’ll have spotted the nods to the John Landis classic An American Werewolf in London, but it was actually the other offering from that year that inspired The Death of Laszlo Breyer. Joe Dante’s The Howling. Featuring Dee Wallace and Christopher Stone (who went on to appear in 1983 Stephen King adaptation Cujo, which I strongly recommend - both book and film), there was one tiny scene in there that was the seed for Laszlo.
I’ll try to keep this as spoiler-free as I can. In the film a serial killer is shot and killed by police. But when they go to check on the body at the morgue, it’s gone. See, the man shot dead by police is a werewolf (not a spoiler, don’t worry) but because silver bullets weren’t standard police issue, ol’ Wolfman Eddie came back from the dead. That idea fascinated me.
In The Howling, the full moon is not part of the lore (just like silver bullets aren’t in American Werewolf), so he could just change into a werewolf any time. But I wondered what would happen if he did need a full moon. If he was shot and killed and then buried. I wondered what it would be like if, every full moon, that body became a wolf and that broken body kept awakening until it was strong enough to escape.
It was actually the death of Laszlo Breyer that led me to the start of his story.
'The Death of Laszlo Breyer' is available now from Amazon in ebook and paperback.
A FULL MOON, AN EMPTY GRAVE, A SERIAL KILLER HUNGRY FOR REVENGE…
“Pure spine-chilling brilliance from start to end!”
“One of those books that you pick up and cannot put down.”
IF I could turn back time...
A major historical event. A time travel story.
Seems straightforward enough. Only for me, it wasn’t.
There was I, scouring the interwebs a few years back when I saw a news story from the writing world that delighted me. Stephen King’s new book coming out was the news. I’m a huge fan of King, his book On Writing about the craft of writing remains one of the best around, whether or not you’re a fan of the man himself, so I was suitably delighted. “Yes!” I shouted. I read on, overjoyed at this news. It’s about the assassination of JFK. Oh my. My favourite author has written a book about the grand daddy of conspiracy theories (something else I’m fascinated by - obvious to anyone who’s read The Unexplained Files/this blog/my Twitter feed (another aside here - retweets do not equal endorsement. Don’t @ me. Or if you do, prepare to be ignored. I have zero time nor tolerance for cancel culture. But I digress)). “YES!” I scream. It feels like my fave author has written a book just for me! I can’t get enough of this news. Hungry for more I read on. It’s about time travel…
“YE— … … bollocks.”
OK, now I feel sick. Sick and excited. Excited because I have got to read this book. Sick because I know anyone who knows me, knows I love Stephen King. So when I tell them about my time travel book based around a major historical event, they’ll think I’ve “borrowed” it. And who would blame them? That’s what I’d think.
“The first draft of anything is shit.” - Ernest Hemingway.
The fact was, the first draft of my time slip novel based around the events of 9/11 was already tucked away in a dark corner on my laptop. Complete. Back then, I was more into screenwriting (something I still love, and have recently returned to, but that’s another story entirely), and the first draft of that book was rougher than even Hemingway could imagine. Truth was, while the story was there, my writing needed a lot of development before I was ready to share that book with the world. A full four years passed between first draft and publication.
Another question I get asked about that book is “Was it difficult writing about such a sensitive subject?” If I tell you King had reservations about his JFK book more than fifty years after the event, then that should tell you everything. I had doubts. Serious ones. They were with me every single time I sat down to write Ghosts of September. Maybe that is something I’ll go into in more detail another day. For now all I’ll say is I hope my respect for the strength, will and resilience of the people of New York shines through in that book.
QUANTUM LEAP MEETS 9/11
"Thoroughly brilliant! Could not put it down!"
"What a book... I cried at the end..."
Ghosts of September is available now from Amazon
Take me to Amazon!
The Ariel School Mass Sighting
95% of UFO sightings can be written off as nothing: weather phenomena; misidentified aircraft; mistakenly identified stars or planets. 5% cannot be explained. In this series we’ll be looking at the mass sightings. The abductions. The unexplained deaths. Real cases, with real people.
These are the 5%. These, are the UFO files.
It’s the morning break at Ariel School, Ruwa, Zimbabwe. The teachers are all in a staff meeting, leaving the children outside in the school yard with just one adult for supervision. The adult is working at the tuck shop, selling sweets and drinks to the children.
The meeting is nothing out of the ordinary until suddenly, the children run screaming into the school towards the teachers, surprising them in how coordinated they were, one teacher recalling “They came running up here [to the meeting] in such a panic, even if we had staged it they could not have run all together like that. Even if we practised it I don’t know how many times. They came up here like a living snake.”
The screaming children are telling the most outrageous of stories, another teacher recalled her initial scepticism at the wild claims. When all is said and done, 62 children will report the sighting. After hearing the children’s stories and the consistency within them, she too starts to believe that something out of this world had taken place.
So what had happened?
The children were playing outside, when suddenly, some of their eyes are averted skyward, drawn there by a flute like noise. Looking up, they see a silver object, surrounded by smaller objects. Beside the school grounds is an area of brush. More children watch now as the object lands in the field next to the school.
Wild enough, but what happens next is straight from the realm of nightmares. The craft sits in the scrub beside the school and a ‘man’ materialises on top of the craft. No taller than the children themselves, the being has large, black, threatening eyes.
In the blink of an eye, he is in front of the craft, walking towards the children. Panicked, they scream. The man notices the children and vanishes, materialising behind the craft.
The stories are unbelievable, and yet, with so many of the children reporting such a similar tale, the teachers think that the kids have seen something. The children are asked to draw exactly what they have seen. The drawings contain such an eerie similarity that now the teachers are starting to believe.
Children are famous for their over-active imaginations, and it would be easy to dismiss, if not for the fact that some of the children are also displaying symptoms of PTSD.
John Mack is an American psychiatrist and parapsychologist and a professor at Harvard Medical School. In the early 1990s Mack embarks on a study into alien abduction, suspecting that those reporting the events are suffering from some form of undiagnosed mental illness. Upon interviewing ‘abductees’, however, his interest is piqued when no obvious pathologies present themselves. They’re not crazies, so what’s really going on?
It is during the following decade-long study that he was called to interview the children at the Zimbabwe school.
The children are interviewed one by one. They recall seeing two UFOs and two alien beings. It is clear from the interviews that the children are scared. They report the noise of the craft. The landing of the silver object. The strange being that came from the craft. One child recalls the man looking at her:
“I felt scared… I’ve never seen such a person like that before.”
Fear was a common theme. The black, staring eyes of the being seemingly the source of the fear. The children sensing the man wanted to take the children away.
Some of the older children got the impression that they were being communicated with, but the message was bleak:
“They were telling us the world’s going to end. Maybe because we don’t look after the planet.”
This idea came after the sighting.
“I felt horrible inside. All the trees would go down and there would be no air and people would be dying.”
John Mack said after the interviews that he felt the children were not distorting reality, telling something crazy, and doubting themselves. The quality of the testimonies was that of someone talking about something that happened to them. He said of the alien abduction phenomenon more generally, “I take [the accounts of abduction] seriously. I don't have a way to account for them. I would never say, yes, there are aliens taking people. [But] I would say there is a compelling powerful phenomenon here that I can't account for in any other way, that's mysterious.”
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Inside warnings: – Can no longer stand cross-country skiing
Najuma Ojukwu November 28, 2021 8 min read
In the end, she couldn’t skate at all. You can’t train. The young woman has had several top 10 placements both nationally and internationally in recent times.
She points to two possible reasons why eating disorder is prevalent throughout everyday life: role models and pathway profiles.
– The worst thing is that you shouldn’t talk about it, it has been silenced, she says.
The woman doesn’t want to give a name, she just can’t stand the pressure. Also, not many people around her know the extent of her suffering. This is the first time you’ve said it out loud.
We call it “Anja”. Ever since she learned to ski as a little girl, she has dreamed of representing Norway in the national sport of cross-country skiing. I dreamed of the national team, the World Cup and the Olympics.
Several ’80s national team runners showed up in Dagbladet earlier this fall and told how the cross-country environment contributed to the development of eating disorders. But no one has done that before national team runners in this millennium. For now.
Want an upper BMI?
reach the dream
Going back a few years: Anja has already managed to recover. She joined the national team in the rally. Finally she was there. She knew there were people in the house who could kill to get her place. But the feeling of happiness did not last long. The women on the elite team, role models, idols, hardly ate. She was shocked.
– You can see how they look in the elite squad. And what you hear is that they “exercise so much that they can’t eat enough”. But they just sit and store scrambled eggs and eat lettuce leaves only. Then I understand that you can’t get enough of you, she says when you meet Dagbladet in a cafe.
See also Stephanie Rice - Breaking:
She started thinking ‘what I exercise is not good enough, what I eat at least is not good enough’.
“Maybe I’ll get better if I lose a few kilos,” Anja wondered. The problem was that once you started, it could be hard to stop after a few pounds.
– I thought I would take the last step, weight is important in the best sports. Initially, it was in order to improve performance. Then today, she said, the focus was on appearance.
Sticky: The former cross-country skier is provoked when the Ski Association claims the summit is being well watched. She herself suffered from bulimia and anorexia while she was part of the elite in Norwegian cross country skiing. Photo: Nina Hansen/DAGBLADET
Cross-country ski stop
She foretold a brilliant career in cross-country skiing.
But it was her eating disorders that made her shelve her competition flip-flops.
– I couldn’t stand it anymore, I couldn’t stand those models. It is said that you should not compare yourself to others, and all credit to those who do not, but you do look at people, she says.
It wasn’t long before Anja lost 10 kilos, became seriously underweight and missed her period. At this point, she’s gone to a World Cup race and the flag is on her chest.
– It began with food, but I became depressed, I became anxious, and there was an insatiable appetite for everything. It was just fun.
She stops, looks down at the table.
– No, there was not much skiing that year, you say, it was almost flat.
Earlier in November Ski head Eric Rosti’s response to VG For questions about your eating disorder status in Norwegian cross-country skiing right now:
– We have to split it into two parts: those who are in the national team system and at the Olympic summit and who present a health certificate to the Norwegian Ski Association (between 400 and 500 athletes this year) are followed in a good way. Then we see from what has been revealed now, at VG and Dagbladet, that the challenges are still significant at the level below, but I have noted that the spotlight on the topic is great throughout the organization and a great willingness to work with him.
It excites the female, former number one runner. Because everything is not in order at the top. Dagbladet spoke to several athletes who said they struggled with weight and food even while on the national team and competing in international races.
I am so provoked when the leaders of the Ski Association think that 400-500 of the best athletes are well looked after. There are skaters today who give up because. Weight problems, says the former cross country skier.
To Dagbladet, ski chief Røste stresses that even if those who provide a health certificate are followed up in a good way, this does not mean that there are no problems at the top – it may be, he says.
Dagbladet asked several leaders in the skating federation about “food picking”, which Marit Björgen also told in his latest autobiography, can create an unhealthy culture and whether team management and the skating association should take it. The Ski Association hasn’t responded to this, but Ski President Eric Rosti previously said this to VG about food harassment:
Knowledge about disordered eating behavior is much better today than before. I test that the management in cross-country skiing is well aware of this.
Flat lanes fool ourselves
Performance first
Former national team runner Anja describes herself as a self-confident girl who believed cross-country skiing was fun and trusted what she did was right.
– that it can go from there, that it can go smoothly – people deserve to know that. I never thought I would be affected by that. But this achievement and result come before anything else. It doesn’t help telling a 20-year-old that you probably can’t get pregnant in 15 – she doesn’t care.
Why do you think cross-country skiing is prone to eating disorders?
– I think it’s because the role model looks like this. Weight is so important in the best sports that you can’t get away with it. Now the tracks are getting more and more difficult because it will get rid of that share culture. It prefers light athletes with high oxygen uptake, not strong and slightly heavier athletes.
A good glide couldn’t equal the lead that jumped over the slopes.
– If there was more variation on the tracks, so that the stronger athletes could also win, I think it would have helped. This problem will not go away on its own.
She believes that path profiles contribute to role models looking at the way they act.
– Yes I think. They work a bit against cross-country skiing for it being a sport for everyone when they definitely have the toughest trails of all time.
That there is no open talk that weight means anything to cross-country skiing results, Anja believes that contributes to making it a bigger problem.
Weight is important in endurance sports, and I think it’s a good idea to talk about it.
CROSS-COUNTRY MANAGER: Espen Bjervig, Norwegian Skating Association. Photo: Beate Oma Dahle / NTB
Safe to block
Dagbladet asks Espen Peervig, director of cross-country skiing from the Norwegian Ski Association, for comment on the fact that eating disorders affect top athletes even today.
None of us claimed that this does not happen at the top. What we’ve said is that we have a bigger network and the opportunity to capture and help the athletes who are at the top, says Bjervig. Furthermore, he finds it difficult to comment on such an anonymous story.
He doesn’t want to comment on the fine models across the country and their potential impact.
Such vague and anonymous claims become completely impossible to relate to, says Bjervig.
Dagbladet also asked Bjervig if the track profile contributes to only lightweight athletes being able to assert themselves, and thus influence role models. He didn’t have a chance to answer that, but he did mention earlier that flatter trails don’t solve the weight challenges in cross-country skiing.
We do cardio, and weight is an element of other cardio sports, such as athletics. I don’t think flatter trails are the right precautionary way to go. Espen Bervig says I have more confidence in working with information at the club level and getting the topic on the agenda at all levels.
– Balances about to decline to start
– Health certificate – to be filled out only
Athletes who represent Norway internationally and go to the World Cup race, A health certificate must be submitted as part of the Norwegian Ski Association permit.
– The health certificate is just to fill out, when you know what to answer. The doctor says fill in the height and weight you specify, then the doctor signs the health certificate «Anja».
Helge Andreas Felberg is part of the Ski Federation’s health team, which is responsible for health certifications in cross-country skiing. He says weight and height should be measured at the doctor.
– If the doctor only fills in what the practitioner says, the health certificate will not be carried out correctly. The doctor’s weight and height must be measured clearly on the health certificate form and signed by the doctor that he or she can certify the information provided, Felberg told Dagbladet.
Student: Through her studies, the former cross-country skater was known to be more proficient than skateboarding. Photo: Nina Hansen/DAGBLADET
I got help
On the advice of a friend, “Anja” got help from a psychologist. After only three treatments, the vicious cycle was broken. Since then, it has taken a lot of work: I made mind maps to sort out the clutter of emotions. For as long as she could remember, she thought she’d become a skater.
– Your whole life unfolds in front of the island on you. Did not help.
I needed a plan B. Now the study has begun.
– It helped me a lot to see that I mastered something other than skateboarding.
It’s not just about snapping your fingers, you’re free from eating disorders. It takes work and time.
– I hope you get wiser when you get older. It is life threatening due to eating disorders.
And what if she goes back to the World Cup in a cross-country ski circus?
– No, I’m done with that.
Seven out of ten feel pressure in the body
If you need help dealing with related disorders or issues, contact us:
Previous Amazing scenes: Portugal had to play with nine men
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Charge Aught!!!: The Decade in Movies, Part Three
Part One – Part Two
Andrew Pankin, Alex Boivin and Jordan Pedersen have spent most of the last decade in darkened rooms – some of those rooms were movie theaters. Read on for their thoughts about the most important developments in the cinema of the aughts.
AB: What were movies like before special effects? Nowadays, people are all concerned about what film has the best CGI, at least as far as big summer sci-fi/action films go. Before movies like Terminator 2 and Jurassic Park came along, did anyone care? Sure you'd get something like Star Wars every once and a while but those predate the era when mind-blowingly awesome special effects ruled the cineplex.
The old adage that movies these days sacrifice story for explosions is well worn territory, but I can't help but feel it rings true. Take a look at Matrix Reloaded. Granted, Matrix 1 was a goddamn special effects spectacular for the ages, but Reloaded got too high on itself and gave us a CGI fight between Neo and a couple hundred Smiths that looked dated before I ever started college. Then on the other hand you have the Lord of the Rings, another series of films that by their very genre have to be loaded with things that aren't real. But unlike say something like the Star Wars Prequels, LOTR does its best to use as many real things, extras, monsters, what have you in the film. And for that reason it still holds up. No matter how good CGI gets, its gonna look crappy in a decade or so and you can't sacrifice more traditional facets of filmmaking like story, feelings, what have you to get them.
That's what worries me about Avatar. Yes, it's the best looking movie I've seen in a while but by the time we're writing the 2010's decade in review, we're gonna be talking about how dated it looks and how it's just Dances With the Last Ferngully Mononoke ThunderDelgo. I feel similar about 3-D. Yeah it's fun for a while but it can't last. In a short while we'll be writing about how it the trend was just a cheap trick to dupe the average moviegoer out of an extra four bucks. You'll cry just as hard at the first ten minutes of Up no matter how many dimensions it has.
JP: I'm more interested in the special effects that you're not supposed to be able to spot from a mile away.
Granted, all special effects are intended to allow filmmakers to do stuff they couldn't do without some visual trickery. But I think some filmmakers (Michael Bay) begin the process thinking, "I'm going to cram as much obviously-CGI stuff into this movie as I possibly can so people won't notice the copious amounts of racism and misogyny." And I guess that's not an awful policy? I certainly know a lot of average filmgoers/high school kids who talk about "amazing graphics" (a misnomer which, by the way, makes me want to tear my eyeballs out) before they mention anything else. For films like Transformers, then, filmmakers want audiences to point out the visual effects when they recommend the movie to their friends.
But there's another type of filmmaker who'd rather that you not notice the stuff that isn't real in his movie. Boivin mentioned the LOTR trilogy, and I think Peter Jackson's a pretty good example (not so much outside of the LOTR trilogy, though). Sure, those movies had their share of ghost and evil elephant armies, but those were far from the most impressive sequences in the trilogy (actually, those were probably the two crappiest-looking things in LOTR). The things that stick out in my mind are the gorgeous CGI-assisted sets and the seemingly-infinite number of dudes at the Battle of Helm's Deep. Rivendell, for example, could have been built on a studio backlot, but Jackson wanted it to look as if it actually existed. So he shot some exterior shots at a national park in New Zealand and then added CGI to make it look "hyper-real" (if I may descend into buzzwordery for a minute). And he could have hired a bajillion extras for the Battle of Helm's Deep (Joseph L. Mankiewicz did it), but even he didn't have an infinite source of money. So he used CGI to add an extra layer of grandiosity to an already gigantic battle. But the thousands of tiny orcs in that scene are a far cry from the clanging robot balls in Transformers.
AP: The digital revolution has made it easier for for filmmakers to put increasingly impressive visual effects in their films, and to do it cheaply. George Lucas has stated that he will never again shoot on actual film because of the lower cost and the ease of post-production manipulation. The cheapness of digital film stock has benefited more than just the washed up, CGI-obsessed sellouts - many amateur filmmakers or smaller studios have been able to drastically cut overhead by shooting on digital cameras and editing on the equivalent of a home computer.
Along with film stock (which shouldn't actually count as a "special effect," but more of technological advancement), the aughts have seen the increased ability for filmmakers to supplement their with computers. Directors who rely heavily on computer generated imaging seem to fall into two camps: those who make it the focal point of their films and those who use it as a tool to enhance the overall quality of their films. My colleagues have mentioned Avatar (which was 60 percent motion capture) as an example of the former and the Lord of the Rings Trilogy as an example of the latter (how else, except for CGI, could you convincingly portray a character such as Gollum?). The advent of superbly advanced CGI hasn't necessarily made it easier to separate the wheat from the chaff - it's just made it so we see more impressive chaff.
tag! you're it! Charge Aught, Movies
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Coal mine deaths drop amid safety drive
Close to 3,800 people died in coal mine accidents in the country last year, a marked improvement from the year before but one that still leaves mine fatalities here the highest in the world.
The death toll of 3,786 last year is 20 percent lower than in 2006 - indicating the effectiveness of a safety campaign to shut small, illegal mining operations and reduce gas explosions, China's top work safety agency said on Saturday.
"It is the second consecutive year for the country to report a 20-percent-fall in coal mine fatalities," Minister of the State Administration of Work Safety (SAWS), Li Yizhong, said at a work safety meet in Beijing.
The authorities have been shutting down small coal mines of limited capacity and investing more in facilities to improve safety records.
Small coal mines account for a third of all coal mines in China, but experience two-thirds of the total fatalities in the industry every year, Li said.
A total of 11,155 small coal mines, or 45 percent of the mines in China, have been closed since authorities started to shut down such collieries in the second half of 2005, officials at the meeting said.
Over the last three years, the central government has directed 9 billion yuan ($1.24 billion) in treasury bonds to upgrade safety equipment at major State-owned mines and pooled 64.1 billion yuan from local governments and enterprises towards that aim.
The central authorities will continue to direct 3 billion yuan in treasury bonds to improve safety this year, along with 20 billion yuan at the local level, officials said.
China is the world's largest coal producer and a number of its mines have reportedly pushed production beyond safety limits for higher profits.
The country's coal output was estimated at 2.52 billion tons last year, up 5 percent from the previous year, Li said.
The meeting, which started on Friday, revealed that 101,480 people died in workplace and transportation accidents last year, down 10.1 percent year-on-year, with road-related accidents down 8.7 percent and railway-related accidents down 45.1 percent.
"The situation is improving, but the road ahead remains arduous," Li said on Friday.
Separately, six people were confirmed dead and one reported missing from a fire at a mine on Saturday in Jiangxi province, local officials said yesterday.
Seven miners were in the pit when the fire broke out at the Luosiwu Coal Mine at 8.30 am, in Yanshan county. Rescue operations are ongoing.
(China Daily, Xinhua News Agency, January 14, 2008)
- Colliery fire kills 6 in Jiangxi
- Coal mine accident fatalities down 20.2% in 2007
- Coal mines in Shanxi to have shorter shifts
- Safety loopholes lead to mine blast in December
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Monster Island Musings From Author, Beverly Gray
My Thoughts on Japanese Movies, With Monsters and Without
By Beverly Gray
My passion for Japanese filmmaking began when I discovered the work of the great director, Akira Kurosawa, whose career began in earnest just after the end of World War II. His first significant effort, a charming but threadbare production that shows the impact of post-war scarcity, was The Men Who Tread on the Tiger’s Tail. This 1945 jidaigeki (“costume drama”) followed an Edo-era general and his troops who disguised themselves as monks to outwit an enemy border patrol. One of the leading players was Takashi Shimura, a dignified and soulful actor (1905-1982) who racked up over 200 motion picture credits. Shimura was featured by Kurosawa in more than twenty films: he played the Woodcutter in Rashomon (1950) and the central role of a dying bureaucrat in Ikiru (1952), earning himself a BAFTA nomination as Best Actor in a Foreign Film.
Takashi Shimura with Ishiro Honda while shooting (clockwise) GODZILLA (1954), THE MYSTERIANS (1957) and FRANKENSTEIN VS. BARAGON (1965); photos: ishirohonda[.]com.
In 1954 Shimura rode into pop culture history as the leader of The Seven Samurai. That very same year, he was the wise scientist Yamane in the original Godzilla. To make his monster-movie credentials complete, he appeared in several more atomic monster and sci fi films including GODZILLA RAIDS AGAIN (1955), THE MYSTERIANS (1957), MOTHRA (1961), GORATH (1962), GHIDORAH, THE THREE-HEADED MONSTER (1964), and FRANKENSTEIN VS. BARAGON (1965). No one can say that Shimura’s career lacked diversity.
My former boss, Roger Corman, had little to do with Japanese monster movies. But—as I detail in my updated biography, Roger Corman: Blood-Sucking Vampires,Flesh-Eating Cockroaches, and Driller Killers—he pounced on a Japanese special-effects flick, 1973’s The Submersion of Japan, and edited it into something Americans would watch. Part of the transformation involved a new name, which was tested in one of Roger’s infamous polls of high school students. The polling results were hardly a surprise. As Allan Arkush, then a film editor and now a successful TV director, told me, “Are you going to go see Tidal Wave or The Submersion of Japan? It’s not a contest.”
Beverly Gray served as Roger Corman’s story editor at both New World Pictures and Concorde-New Horizons, collaborating on 170 low-budget features. She is also a journalist and teaches screenwriting workshops through UCLA Extension. Her first book, Roger Corman: An Unauthorized Biography of the Godfather of Indie Filmmaking (2000) was an LA Times bestseller. Her other published works include Ron Howard: From Mayberry to the Moon...and Beyond, and two expanded versions of her Corman bio, which has been tastefully retitled Roger Corman: Blood-Sucking Vampires,Flesh-Eating Cockroaches, and Driller Killers. The latest edition, bringing Roger into the present day, is now available as both an ebook and a paperback. You can converse with Beverly online at Beverly In Movieland. This is the site of her twice-weekly blog, Beverly in Movieland, which covers movies, moviemaking, and growing up Hollywood-adjacent.
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Lockdowns Killed More Canadians Under 65 Than Covid
September 7, 2021 Tom Cox 0
Harrison Faulkner 30 Aug 21
The consequences of government-enforced lockdowns killed more Canadians under the age of 65 than the COVID-19 virus itself, according to a report by Statistics Canada.
In a report titled Provisional death counts and excess mortality, the government agencyreviewed the number of deaths between January 2020 to April 2021 and concluded that 5,535 Canadians under the age of 65 died because of “indirect consequences” due to the pandemic.
Over the same time period, 1380 Canadians in the same age group died because of COVID-19 itself.
“Beyond deaths attributed to the disease itself, the pandemic could also have indirect consequences leading to an increase or decrease in the number of deaths due to various factors, including delayed medical procedures, increased substance use, or a decline in deaths attributable to other causes, such as influenza,” the report says.
Statistics Canada acknowledged lockdowns had a significant impact on the number of deaths in Canada, particularly among younger people.
“Excess mortality is, in large part, related to other factors such as increases in the number deaths attributed to causes associated with substance use and misuse, including unintentional (accidental) poisonings and diseases and conditions related to alcohol consumption,” read the report.
As more Canadians were forced to stay at home and vital services and businesses were forced to close, an opioid crisis developed while governments focused on reducing the spread of COVID-19. Statistics Canada confirmed that the increased usage of drugs had a significant impact on the mortality rate during the pandemic.
“There is evidence in Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia that substance use has increased in 2020 compared with previous years, while availability and access to harm reduction programs, supervised consumption services, and in-person support services for substance use may have been disrupted during the pandemic,” the report says.
Earlier this month, Statistics Canada also reported that most of the people who died from COVID-19 in Canada were over the age of 85 and had dementia, Alzheimer’s, chronic heart disease or other pre-existing “cardiovascular and respiratory conditions.”
Nine in 10 deaths had a secondary cause listed on the death certificate.
Canadians have been victims of some of the strictest public health orders in the world, rivalling communist countries like China and Cuba.
The True North Provincial Freedom Score found that Nova Scotia, Manitoba and Ontario were the most locked-down provinces in the country when taking into account business closures, school openings, in-person dining and nearly a dozen other variables.
Source: anti-empire.com/lockdowns-killed-more-canadians-under-65-than-covid/
Category Freedom Health Freedom Pandemic Depopulation Social Control
Porn. Booze. Fags. Crap food. Domestic violence. Never mind the death rate, Covid-19 has brought out the worst in humanity
WHO ‘deeply worried’ about high Covid transmission rate in Europe, says 236,000 MORE could die by December
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Our Little Earth – December 21, 2007
Lots happening in South Korea
South Korea has been a very busy country these last couple of weeks. First, on Dec 7th, there was a huge
oil spill (10,000 tons – that is more than 3 Olympic-size swimming pools) near its coast. The spill was caused when the oil tanker was hit by a drifting barge carrying a crane. There has been a huge effort to clean up this oil – over 40,000 people have helped!
On Dec 10th, history was made when the first regular rail service started between North and South Korea after
more than 50 years! The cargo trains will make a round-trip run every week day. North and South Korea were created in 1948 when Korea was split into two countries. Soon after the split, the two countries got into a war with each other and have barely talked to each other since. So a regular train service is a huge step towards becoming friends again.
Lastly, on December 19th, South Koreans elected a new president for their country – Lee Myung-bak. Lee will take over the presidency in February, 2008 (until then, he will be known as the President-elect). For many years, Lee ran one of the companies of the Hyundai Group, one of South Korea’s largest corporations. Hyundai is the world’s largest ship builder and one of the largest auto makers.
Russia’s President Putin is “Person of the Year”
Time magazine named Russian President Vladimir Putin its “Person of the Year” for 2007. Putin took over as President of Russia in 2000, replacing Boris Yeltsin. He has helped Russia’s economy recover steadily and has brought Russia back as a prominent world power.
The Person of the Year award by Time Magazine has been awarded since 1927. The award is given to individuals (or sometimes groups of people or even things) that significantly influence the world, for better or worse. There have been some interesting winners in the past that were not individuals. Last year, the Person of the Year was “You”, as in all of us. This was to recognize the impact that user-generated information has caused because of the internet. In 1982, the award went to the computer for the impact it was having on us. In 1988, planet Earth was the winner because our environment and its protection became a significant subject.
One of the runners-up for the award this year is someone you all know – J. K. Rowling, who has touched a large portion of the human race with Harry Potter and other figments of her imagination!
You can browse through all the winners of this award at : http://www.time.com/time/2007/poy/.
W00t for W00t!
Merriam-Webster, one of the world’s largest publisher of dictionaries, has announced its choice of the word of 2007 – “w00t”. That’s spelt with two zeroes! W00t is a word that has been used by people playing online games and by people in online chat rooms. The definition for w00t given by Merriam Webster is “expressing joy”.
The origins of w00t are not clear. Some attribute it to the phrase “We Owned the Other Team”, used by online gamers. Others say that it comes from a combination of the words “wow” and “loot”. W00t belongs to a language called “leet” that has been created by internet users and has become part of the internet culture. It combines alphabet and numbers to form words. For example, “3” represents “E”, “0” represents “O”, “4 represents “A”, and 7 represents “T”. This is why “leet” itself is also referred to as “l337” and “l33t”.
W00t is the word of the year but that doesn’t make it an official word in the Merriam-Webster dictionary just yet. For a word to become official, it needs to be used often, over a period of time, by several communities of people, and with a consistent meaning. “Blog” was the word of the year in 2004, and has since become an official word in the Merriam-Webster dictionary.
By the way, the American version of the Oxford English Dictionary chose “locavore” as its word of 2007. The definition given to locavore is “someone who only eats locally grown food”!
SOMETHING FAMOUS
Let’s play Taekwondo! Taekwondo is a form of martial arts that originates from Korea. The word Taekwondo is often translated as ‘the way of hand and foot’. It is known for its fast, high, and spinning kicks.
Taekwondo’s origins are in ancient martial arts practiced in Korea over 2000 years ago. Various forms of this sport have been practiced over the centuries. When the Japanese occupied Korea, they had forbidden the practice of any martial arts, but it was still done in secret. After the Japanese left in the 1940s, the martial arts started thriving again, but there were several different forms being followed. An army general by the name of General Choi helped unify and standardize these forms in 1955 and gave it the name Taekwondo. So for a 2000 year old art, Taekwondo has a very young name!
Russia is home to the longest continuous rail line in a country! The Trans-Siberian railroad takes you from Moscow in the West to Vladivostok to the East – a journey of almost six thousand miles (about ten thousand kilometers). That is about the distance from San Francisco to Paris! This ride takes 7 days. There are two longer train rides that both use the Trans-Siberian railroad – one starts in the Ukraine, and the other goes all the way to North Korea. Both of these roughly take 9 days each!
The world’s thinnest cellular phone is the Samsung Ultra Edition II – just 0.2 in (5.9mm) thick. The handset has a 3-megapixel camera and 11 hours of music play time. Samsung is one of South Korea’s largest corporations.
FUNNY BONE
An English teacher was lecturing to his class one day. “In English,” he said, “a double negative forms a positive. In some languages, though, such as Russian, a double negative is still a negative. However, there is no language where a double positive can form a negative.”
A voice from the back of the room piped up, “Yeah, right.”
Three musicians travel together to New York. When they arrive in the city, they go to the hotel to check in. They plan to share the same room. The desk clerk quotes a rate of $30 for the night. They pay him and go to their room.
But, then the clerk remembers there is a weekend special room rate of $25 a night. Trying to correct the situation, he gives five one dollar bills to the bellboy to take to the guests’ room. On the way there, the bellboy says to himself, “Three people can’t divide five dollars evenly amongst them.” So he takes two dollars for himself and when he gets to the room, he gives each musician a one dollar refund.
So now each of the three musicians paid nine dollars and the bellboy kept two dollars for himself. That totals $29. So where did the extra dollar go?
What word, when written in capital letters, is the same forwards, backwards and upside down?
FIGURED OUT
Puzzle from last edition: Andy and John (from the Chocolate truck story) are driving through four countries to get from the UK to Mali. Which countries are these? Their names begin with the letters F, S, M, and M.
Solution: The four countries are France, Spain, Morocco, and Mauritania.
Puzzle from last edition: Jack has a 5 liter bucket, a 3 liter bucket, and an unlimited supply of sand. He needs to get exactly 4 liter of sand into one of the buckets. How can he go about doing that?
Solution: There are several solutions. The main trick to this is to use “remaining” sand – the sand left over in one bucket when you are done filling the other. Here is one solution:
– Start with empty buckets.
– Fill the 3 liter bucket and pour it into the 5 liter one.
– Fill the 3 liter bucket again and keep pouring until the 5 liter bucket is filled. This will leave 1 liter in the 3 liter bucket.
– Empty out the 5 liter bucket, pour the 1 liter into it. Fill the 3 liter bucket again and pour it all into the 5 liter bucket. This gives us 4 liters of sand in that bucket.
Talking of liters, here is an interesting fact. “Liter” is the American English spelling of the word. In British English, it is spelt “Litre”. Try finding a couple more words that have similar spelling differences.
Credits: Harvard for Korea map picture, Kremlin’s press material for Putin’s picture, Red Star Taekwando club for Taekwando picture, Merriam Webster for dictionary photo.
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Home / Album News /
R.E.M. planning ‘Reckoning’ reissue, ‘Dublin Working Rehearsals’ live album
Album News, Reissues
With touring and promotion of 2008’s Accelerate now finished, R.E.M. this year will issue, at a minimum, a pair of archival releases, hitting both ends of its long and fruitful career.
According to a post on the band’s Web site, R.E.M. is preparing a deluxe edition of 1984’s Reckoning that “will be done in the same spirit of Universal’s excellent Murmur deluxe release in 2008.”
That expanded, two-disc edition of Murmur features a remastered version of the album, bonus tracks and a concert recorded in 1983 in Toronto.
It’s not yet clear what bonus material will appear on the expanded Reckoning, which, according to the band’s Web site, will “come out sometime toward the end of spring.”
R.E.M.’s other planned release for 2009 is a live record culled from the 2007 “Dublin Working Rehearsals,” a series of concerts in the Irish city that saw the band running through material it later would record for Accelerate.
“Word is that the Dublin package will be something very special including more than ‘just the music,’ although ‘just the music’ those five nights at the Olympia was pretty incredible itself,” the band posted on its site.
And while R.E.M. has no plans to release new music in 2009, the band isn’t quite sitting still.
In an interview earlier this month, Peter Buck confirmed the band is gearing up to start work on another record.
“Within the next few months, Mike (Mills) and I, Scott (McCaughey) and Bill (Rieflin) will be recording some demos that are exploratory and sort of a precursor to what will be coming soon,” Buck told the band’s official site. “We are really looking forward to starting another full studio record later this year.”
PREVIOUSLY ON SLICING UP EYEBALLS:
Tags: Accelerate, Bill Rieflin, Dublin Working Rehearsals, Michael Stipe, Mike Mills, Murmur, Peter Buck, R.E.M., Reckoning, Scott McCaughey
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Mumbai-Essel-World-Elephanta Caves Tour - 4 D / 3 N
Tour Code : WM 10
Gateway of India, Tarapore Wala Fish Aquarium, Prince of Wales Museum, Haji Ali, Juhu Beach, Tower of Silence, Sree Mahalakshmi Temple
All distance and timings featured are approximate. All tours are subject to terms and conditions as mentioned in our brochures. Tour Code WM 10 This tour Single Adult in a room has to pay extra Rs. 6,300-in Standard & Rs. 9,000 - in Deluxe Packages Prices are valid till March 2022.
1 08:00 Hrs Mumbai Pickup from Hotel and proceed to local visits - Prince of Wales Museum, Taraporewala Fish Aquarium, Mani Bhavan ( Home of Mahatma Gandhi), Mahalakshmi Temple, Haji Ali (Tomb), Siddi Vinayak Temple, ISKCON Temple, Juhu Beach, Chowpaty Beach AND Drive through places ( Mumbai High Court / Tower of Silence / Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminal Station / World Trade Centre). ( Gateway of India will be covered on Day 3).Back to Hotel. Breakfast Mumbai
2 08:30 Hrs Mumbai After breakfast proceed to visits of ESSEL World. Essel World is situated in Gorai, Mumbai. Essel World along with its counterparts, Water Kingdom, are stretched over 64 acres of land. Together, they are recognized as India's Largest Amusement and Water Park. Essel World is home to a variety of rides appropriate for individuals of all ages. Essel World is also host to Mumbai's first Ice Skating Rink, spanning 3400 square feet. The park maintains the rink's temperature at a constant 4 degrees Celsius. The dance floor is an added characteristic of the park that enables visitors to hold parties at the Park. It enjoys colored lights, high definition audio, and a glass dance floor. In the evening back to Hotel. Breakfast Mumbai
3 08:00 Hrs Mumbai After breakfast proceed to visit Elephanta Caves from gateway of India. 9 Nautical miles across the sea from the Gateway of India lay Elephanta, also known as 'Gharapuri'. Visit this green island for the wonders of the 7th century, the painstakingly hewn rock-cut cave temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva. The Maheshamurti panel in which Lord Shiva is shown as a creator, protector and destrpyer, is a sight that should be enjoyed atleast once in a lifetime. Regular excursions to Elephanta start every day from the Gateway of India. Note:- 1.The Caves are closed on Monday. 2.Check in time: 9:00 AM and Checkout time: 5:00 PM. 3.Boat charges from Gateway of India to Elephanta Caves & Back will be extra. In the evening back to Hotel. Breakfast Mumbai
4 08:00 Hrs Departure Mumbai In the morning, checkout from the Hotel and then drop at Airport / Railway Station to board the return flight / train for destination. Breakfast Tour Concludes
Pickup from Hotel and proceed to local visits - Prince of Wales Museum, Taraporewala Fish Aquarium, Mani Bhavan ( Home of Mahatma Gandhi), Mahalakshmi Temple, Haji Ali (Tomb), Siddi Vinayak Temple, ISKCON Temple, Juhu Beach, Chowpaty Beach AND Drive through places ( Mumbai High Court / Tower of Silence / Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminal Station / World Trade Centre). ( Gateway of India will be covered on Day 3).Back to Hotel.
After breakfast proceed to visits of ESSEL World. Essel World is situated in Gorai, Mumbai. Essel World along with its counterparts, Water Kingdom, are stretched over 64 acres of land. Together, they are recognized as India's Largest Amusement and Water Park. Essel World is home to a variety of rides appropriate for individuals of all ages. Essel World is also host to Mumbai's first Ice Skating Rink, spanning 3400 square feet. The park maintains the rink's temperature at a constant 4 degrees Celsius. The dance floor is an added characteristic of the park that enables visitors to hold parties at the Park. It enjoys colored lights, high definition audio, and a glass dance floor. In the evening back to Hotel.
After breakfast proceed to visit Elephanta Caves from gateway of India. 9 Nautical miles across the sea from the Gateway of India lay Elephanta, also known as 'Gharapuri'. Visit this green island for the wonders of the 7th century, the painstakingly hewn rock-cut cave temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva. The Maheshamurti panel in which Lord Shiva is shown as a creator, protector and destrpyer, is a sight that should be enjoyed atleast once in a lifetime. Regular excursions to Elephanta start every day from the Gateway of India. Note:- 1.The Caves are closed on Monday. 2.Check in time: 9:00 AM and Checkout time: 5:00 PM. 3.Boat charges from Gateway of India to Elephanta Caves & Back will be extra. In the evening back to Hotel.
Departure Mumbai
In the morning, checkout from the Hotel and then drop at Airport / Railway Station to board the return flight / train for destination.
Transport by Non A.C vehicle in Standard package & A.C vehicle in Deluxe Package as per the above itinerary. Hotel accommodation on twin sharing basisIn case of 3 persons a room with one extra bed will be provided All Road taxes,Toll taxes & Parking fee. Driver Reward.
Air Train fare. Guide & Entry fee during sight seeing Boating Horse ride etc. Portages, Laundry, Food, Tips, Liquor exp. 5% GST. Any other item not specified in “Cost Includes”.
7 Pax 9,399/- 12,099/- 13,899/-
Jewellery, Maharashtrian traditional wares, pearl nose ring, Necklace and the nine-yard sarees etc..,
Gateway of India
The Gateway of India was built during the British Raj in Mumbai. Located on the waterfront in the Apollo Bunder area in South Mumbai, the monument is companioned by the Arabian Sea.The gateway is a basalt arch, 26 metres (85 feet) high and lies at the end of Chhatrapati Shivaji Marg at the water's edge in the harbor of Bombay. Previously, a crude jetty used by the fishing community, it was later renovated and used as a landing place for British governors and other prominent people. In earlier times, the gateway was the monument that visitors arriving by boat would have first seen in the city of Mumbai. The monument was erected to commemorate the landing on the Apollo Bunder of their Majesties King George V and Queen Mary.
Tarapore Wala Fish Aquarium
Taraporewala Aquarium is the sole aquarium in the city of Mumbai, which was built in 1951 at a cost of Rs 800,000. The aquarium hosts marine and freshwater fishes. The aquarium is located on the famous Marine Drive and is is named after a Parsee who donated Rs. 200,000 for the construction. There are 100 species of marine and fresh water fish including seven types of coral fish, brought specially from the Lakshadweep Islands. Attractions include sharks, turtles, rays, moray eels, sea turtles, small starfish stingrays, etc. Exhibits offer an impressive glimpse of the variety of marine life in the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean. There is also a room with fossils and preserved fish in bottles with rare sea shells.
Prince of Wales Museum
The Prince of Wales Museum of Western India is the main museum in Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay. It was founded in the early years of the 20th century by prominent citizens of Bombay to commemorate the visit of the then Prince of Wales. The museum is located in the heart of South Mumbai near the Gateway of India. The museum was renamed in the 1990s after Shivaji, the founder of Maratha Empire. The museum building is built in the Indo-Saracenic style of architecture, incorporating elements of other styles of architecture like the Mughal, Maratha, Jain, etc and the museum building is surrounded by a garden of palm trees and formal flower beds.
The Haji Ali Dargah is located on an islet off the coast of Worli in the Southern Mumbai. Near the heart of the city proper, the dargah is one of the most recognisable landmarks of city. An exquisite example of Indian Islamic architecture, the dargah contains the tomb of Sayed Peer Haji Ali Shah Bukhari. The Haji Ali Dargah was constructed in 1431 in memory of a rich Muslim merchant, Sayyed Peer Haji Ali Shah Bukhari who gave up all his worldly possessions before going to Mecca. Hailing from Bukhara, in the ancient Persian Empire and now in Uzbekistan, Bukhari travelled around the world and then settled in Mumbai.
Juhu Beach is one of the most famous beaches in Mumbai as this beach may be accessed from the suburbs of Vile Parle, Santacruz and Andheri. Many tourists make it a point to visit the beach when they come to Mumbai, as it is a relatively uncrowned free space in the city. Juhu is famous for its Mumbai street food, notably bhelpuri, pani puri, and pav bhaji. The food stands are relatively hygienic and Italian food is also very popular in Juhu with many Italian restaurants. Juhu beach is also a very popular place for watching aircraft as planes from Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport.
Tower of Silence
A Dakhma also known as Tower of Silence is a circular, raised structure used by Zoroastrians for exposure of the dead, particularly to scavenging birds. In the medieval texts of Zoroastrian tradition, the word astodan appears, but today denotes an ossuary. In the Iranian provinces of Yazd and Kerman, the technical term is dema and in India, the term doongerwadi came into use after a tower was constructed on a hill of that name. The term "Tower of Silence" is a neologism attributed to Robert Murphy, who was a translator of the British colonial government in India.
Sree Mahalakshmi Temple
Mahalaxmi Temple is the most famous temples of Mumbai situated on Bhulabhai Desai Road. It is dedicated to Mahalakshmi the central deity of Devi Mahatmyam and was built in 1831 by Dhakji Dadaji (1760–1846), a Hindu merchant. The history of this temple is supposedly connected with the building of the Hornby Vellard. Apparently after portions of the sea wall of the Vellard collapsed twice, the chief engineer dreamt of a devi statue in the sea near Worli. A search recovered it, and he built a temple for it and after this, the work on the vellard could be completed without a hitch.
Sri Asthavinayak Yatra
Mumbai-Nashik-Shirdi-Aurangabad-Ajantha-Ellora
Shirdi-Shani Shinganapur-Nashik-Shirdi
Shirdi-Shinganapur-Nasik-Ellora-Aurangabad-Ajantha
Pune-Mahabaleshwar Tour
Pune-Kolhapur-Pandharpur-Solapur-Tuljapur-Parli Vaijnath-Nanded-Aundh-Nagnath-Aurangabad-Grishneswar
Pune-Kolhapur-Pandharpur-Tuljapur-Solapur-Pune
Mahalaxmi Temple
Raffelesia
Tukaram Karve
Victoria Memorial
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Release Blitz ♥ Only With You by Kathryn Shay ♥ #giveaway
Title: Only With You
Series: To Serve and Protect #3
Author: Kathryn Shay
A family of heroes, all in dangerous jobs, all irrevocably tied to those they love. Read about the Marino clan in this fast-paced, emotional new series, To Serve and Protect, by NYT bestselling author Kathryn Shay.
Special Agent Whitney Dwyer sees the world in black and white, much to the chagrin of her beloved cousins, the Marino brothers. Her life is terrific: a supportive family, a varied job with mega opportunities for advancement and a fantastic friends-with-benefits lover. Beneath her tough exterior, though, lies a woman who was scarred in deep and dark ways by the horror of an accident that killed her parents. But Whitney’s life is knocked off its axis when she loses the man she now realizes she loves. To complicate matters, that man, Special Agent Max Blackwell, has made a decision he regrets immediately. Still, he and Whitney cannot come together again until she deals with what plagues her and he discovers what he truly wants out of life.
ONLY WITH YOU is back-dropped by the bombing of a federal building, a case assigned to Whitney and Max during their personal turmoil. The book also delves into the inner workings of the Secret Service and the danger federal agents encounter every day. Toss in a sizzling relationship and readers will find this story a page-turner.
If you liked ABOVE AND BEYOND, be sure to read the entire To Serve and Protect series: ABOVE AND BEYOND, SAY YOU’LL STAY, ONLY WITH YOU, NO OTHER LOVE, and COME BACK TO ME.
“A wonderfully written, emotional and extraordinary read and truly deserves a five-star rating.” Affaire de Coeur
“Kathryn Shay’s storytelling grabbed me on page one and her characters held me until the very last word.” Barbara Bretton, USA Today bestselling author
“Each page is pure seduction of the senses.” Genie Romex Reviews
Max Blackwell answered the door right away. He must be anxious, too. Good thing, because Whitney Dwyer was about to make the biggest move of her life.
“Hey, Whitney. Come on in.”
Huh. He usually greeted her with a sexist term like doll or sweetie or babe, which he’d initially used to needle her. But the terms had become endearments over the years they’d been together. Yet…now that she got a good look at him, he seemed tired. Lines around his mouth suggested maybe the expression was more one of worry.
Thankfully, she could always be herself with him. Once inside, she faced him. “You okay?”
“Good.” She threw herself into his arms. He smelled great, like the woods and outdoors. She hugged him tight. In the past when she did that, he’d lift her up, twirl her around and kiss her senseless. This time he only held on.
So she’d take matters into her own hands. She pulled his head down. But he resisted. Instead of giving her one of his searing kisses, he grasped her arms and stepped back. “Don’t, honey. We have to talk.”
Dread she’d known more times than she cared to acknowledge shot through her. The feeling was exacerbated by how well she knew this man. “Something is wrong.”
He held her hands in his. “No, not wrong. Different.”
She didn’t respond.
Still holding onto her, he led her out of the foyer and into the main living space off to the right. She took a seat on one of his dark leather sofas. Because he was acting strangely, she was glad he dropped down close to her. Something made her wait for him to start.
He glanced over her shoulder for a minute before he looked at her. “Things have changed for me, Whitney. I think this has been coming for a while.”
“Changed how? Professionally or personally?”
He cleared his throat. “Personally.”
Kernels of information formed in her brain. Past talks…
Does this arrangement suit you, Whitney? Between you and me?
Yeah, sure. It’s the best. You?
Well, I’m ten years older than you are. Sometimes, I think about where I’ll end up when we split.
I never think about us splitting.
Ah, so like you.
So don’t you think about it, either…
She gripped his fingers. “Tell me straight, Max.” The tremor in her voice annoyed her, but she was scared now.
“Fair enough. I want to settle down and have kids.”
“Kids?” She never expected this. “You said that wasn’t in the cards for you.”
“I hadn’t even turned forty when we started working together. I wasn’t thinking about growing older.”
Oh, my God. “And now you are?”
“Yes.” His expression became incredibly sad, making her heart clutch in her chest. “I’ve found someone else I think I can build a future with.”
“I’ve met another woman.” His face reddened as if he knew he’d done something wrong.
This couldn’t be, yet… “Angela Grimes.”
Dark brows rose. “How did you know?”
The expression on Angela’s face when she sat gazing up at Max in the classroom that day at Rowley. How she answered his phone the night over Thanksgiving break, when Max hadn’t come to the Marino Thanksgiving. And where had he gone Christmas Eve when they’d all been invited to the White House party?
“Whitney, I asked how you knew.”
“It doesn’t matter.”
“I’m sorry. I should have been more careful.”
A horrible thought sliced through her. “H-have you slept with her?”
“No! You and I promised each other we’d be exclusive while we were together.”
“And now you want to end our relationship?”
“As it’s been, yes. I want more in my life.”
God, the irony of all this. She thought of the advice her cousin Connor had given to her over Thanksgiving. To go to him. To tell him what she’d discovered about her feelings for him. Unfortunately, Max had gotten an assignment with the CIA out of town for the two weeks right before the next holiday, so she had to wait. Then he’d gone away with his father after Christmas and hadn’t come back until today. Apparently, she was too late.
She tried to erect the infamous Secret Service armor she used to protect herself with. But instead, she was defenseless.
“Whit, we’ll still be friends.”
“You know that won’t happen.” She gripped his hand now. “We spend all our free time together, in bed, going on vacation, to movies and concerts.”
“We’ll still see each other. I promise.”
Deep in her heart Whitney knew that wouldn’t happen. “I don’t understand, Max. How could you make this life-changing decision unilaterally? Without consulting me?”
“I didn’t want to put you on the spot.”
“For what?”
“Committing to something you don’t want.” His words were harsh, as if he were defending himself.
“I should have had a choice.”
Challenge always incited him. She could see the anger flare in his eyes. “All right. Are you ready to get married and have a baby?”
She rose and she crossed to the window. It had started snowing harder, and flakes gathered on the window. She thought about his question. Was she ready? After a long time, she turned to him and folded her arms over her chest. “No, Max, I’m not ready to get married now, or ever have family. But I’ve had an epiphany over the last month. I know one thing. I’m in love with you.”
“I love you, too, but that’s not enough.”
“I said I was in love with you. Romantically.”
He watched her. She hadn’t realized how her life could change in an instant. When he stood, she stepped back.
“I’m sorry, babe, that’s not enough. I’m not sure it’s even true. Whenever we’re apart for a while, you always miss me, want to be closer to me. I feel the same. Marrying me and having my child is a whole different ballgame.” He arched a brow. “One I don’t think you want to play in.”
A New York Times and USA Today bestselling author, Kathryn Shay has been a lifelong writer and teacher.
She has written dozens of self-published original romance titles, including print books with the Berkley Publishing
Group and Harlequin Enterprises, and mainstream women’s fiction with Bold Strokes Books. She has won five
RT Book Reviews awards, four Golden Quills, four Holt Medallions, the Bookseller’s Best Award, Foreword
Magazine’s Book of the Year, and several “Starred Reviews.” Her novels have been serialized in Cosmopolitan
Magazine and featured in USA Today, The Wall Street Journal, and People magazine.
There are over five million copies of her books in print, along with hundreds of thousands
downloaded online. Reviewers have called her work “emotional and heart-wrenching.”
Labels: Book Promotions , Giveaways , Release Day Blitz
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Newton Amateur Radio Association Inc.
Ham is a wonderful thing.
NARA Bulletins
NARA Events
Monthly NARA Club Meeting
This event is running from 10 May 2017 until 14 April 2027. It is next occurring on February 9, 2022 5:00 pm
Venue: Newton Public Library
Upcoming Dates:
February 9, 2022 5:00 pm – 10, 2022 6:00 pm
March 9, 2022 5:00 pm – 10, 2022 6:00 pm
April 13, 2022 5:00 pm – 14, 2022 6:00 pm
May 11, 2022 5:00 pm – 12, 2022 6:00 pm
June 8, 2022 5:00 pm – 9, 2022 6:00 pm
July 13, 2022 5:00 pm – 14, 2022 6:00 pm
August 10, 2022 5:00 pm – 11, 2022 6:00 pm
September 14, 2022 5:00 pm – 15, 2022 6:00 pm
October 12, 2022 5:00 pm – 13, 2022 6:00 pm
November 9, 2022 5:00 pm – 10, 2022 6:00 pm
December 14, 2022 5:00 pm – 15, 2022 6:00 pm
January 11, 2023 5:00 pm – 12, 2023 6:00 pm
February 8, 2023 5:00 pm – 9, 2023 6:00 pm
March 8, 2023 5:00 pm – 9, 2023 6:00 pm
June 14, 2023 5:00 pm – 15, 2023 6:00 pm
August 9, 2023 5:00 pm – 10, 2023 6:00 pm
November 8, 2023 5:00 pm – 9, 2023 6:00 pm
February 14, 2024 5:00 pm – 15, 2024 6:00 pm
March 13, 2024 5:00 pm – 14, 2024 6:00 pm
May 8, 2024 5:00 pm – 9, 2024 6:00 pm
October 9, 2024 5:00 pm – 10, 2024 6:00 pm
November 13, 2024 5:00 pm – 14, 2024 6:00 pm
January 8, 2025 5:00 pm – 9, 2025 6:00 pm
April 9, 2025 5:00 pm – 10, 2025 6:00 pm
July 9, 2025 5:00 pm – 10, 2025 6:00 pm
October 8, 2025 5:00 pm – 9, 2025 6:00 pm
April 8, 2026 5:00 pm – 9, 2026 6:00 pm
July 8, 2026 5:00 pm – 9, 2026 6:00 pm
September 9, 2026 5:00 pm – 10, 2026 6:00 pm
December 9, 2026 5:00 pm – 10, 2026 6:00 pm
Monthly Club Meeting
Copyright © 2022 Newton Amateur Radio Association Inc.
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Clark’s Creek
Contributed by Jessie Odom Vines
Located fourteen miles from Jonesborough on Highway 107 is the Clark’s Creek community. It lies in the First Civil District of Washington County. The creek itself flows into the Nolichucky River, which forms the northern border of the community; the beautuful Appalachian Mountains form its southern border. The community was named for William Clark, who owned most of the surrounding land in the late 1700’s and early 1800’s. William’s son, Henderson Clark (1785-1859), also owned land in the Clark’s Creek area, and is buried in the family cemetery on the E.J. Miller farm in the community.
John Sevier (1745-1815), the first governor of Tennessee, loved the beauty of the Nolichucky River and its fertile bottom land and settled about one half mile east of Clark’s Creek in the fall of 1783. The house in which Sevier lived stood ther for many years until it was razed several years ago.
The Phil Taylor home is one of the oldest homes in the community. It was purchased in 1808 by Edward West I and later sold to Jim Taylor. Jim’s brothers, Alfred and Robert Taylor, both became Tennessee governors. The home is currently owned by Mrs. Wade Guinn, who acquired it in the 1930’s.
Another old home still standing is owned by Clarence Roberts, which was passed down through the generations from its early owner, Joshua Henley (1788-1876). A small brook runs through the farm and is named Joshua Branch. Mr. Henley is buried on a hill overlooking his home.
Prior to 1870, Major James E. Deakins owned much of the land near the creek. The post office, called Clarkson, was located in his large, two story brick house. Major Deakins’ wife, Elizabeth, was the postmaster. This post office came into effect May 10, 1889 and was discontinued January 14, 1902, at which time it was moved to Embreeville. Landon Odom, at the young age of 16, was among those who rode horseback delivering the mail from saddlebags. The large brick house no longer stands, but a small outbuilding remains; this was called the “ice house.” Blocks of ice were cut in the winter from the frozen Nolichucky River and stored underground in sawdust for summer use.
Enon Baptist Church was organized in 1870 and met in a log schoolhouse on the banks of Clark’s Creek. Major Deakins donated the land for the school and the church, which was built in 1873. The Smith family furnished trees which were cut and hauled to the sawmill to be prepared for use. The total amount to build the church was $680.74; this included lumber, nails, paint, oil, glass, lamps and the entire labor. The church stood as built for over one hundred years until it was remodeled in 1978 following a flood which struck the community. The schoolhouse was later moved farther up the creek across from the Wiley Bell home. This was the location of a store operated by Matt Ferguson in the early 1900’s.
A historical marker for the old blast furnace is located at the upper levels of the creek. The Clarksville Furnace was built around 1835 by Elijah Embree, Montgomery Stuart and Edward West, Jr., and used ore hauled over and around the mountain from iron ore deposits at Bumpass Cove. The furnace went out of blast in 1844; this was probably due to the greater ease of producing iron closer to the ore deposits at Embreeville. Several interesting stories are told about the Clarksville iron operation which are colorful but undocumented. One such story tells of how Wagon drivers would dump the ore at the top of the ridge so that it could roll down the hill to its destination; this shortened the trip from Bumpass Cove to Clark’s Creek. Another story states that the reason the furnace went out of use was the breaking of the race or dam that supplied water power for the air blast bellows, thereby flooding the furnace and solidifying the molten iron inside.
A popular summer resort in the late 1800’s was located in the mountains of the community; it was called Clark’s Springs or Sulphur Springs by some. The iron and sulphur waters were believed to be a cure-all in the 19th century. Around 1873, twelve Jonesborough men bought 150 acres surrounding the springs; each built a summer home and started a development as a vacation and health center. These developers were S.E. Griffith, R.H. Duncan, S.J. Kirkpatrick, I.E. Reeves, E.N. Griffith, George McPherson, A.J. Brown, H.H. Galligher, John Allison, Jr., M.S. Mahoney, E.S. Shipley, and John M. Brooks. A two story, twenty room hotel was built and offered a variety of recreational activities: the mineral waters, playing ten-pins, swimming in the Sally Hole or dancing to the airs of The Chuck String Band. Many people took refuge at Clark Springs after the cholera epidemic struck Jonesborough in the early 1870’s. The popularity of the resort continued well into the 20th century; many people from all of Washington County and surrounding areas spent weekends there, and picnics were certainly a popular sight. With the advent of good highways and the automobile, vacation habits changed. The hotel and cabins fell into ruin. Today, nothing more remais at Clark’s Springs except the springs themselves, which can barely be reached by foot.
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« On ANWR, Cont'd | Main | Plants and Birds and ARPS and Things »
Classical iTunes
I usually don't complain about Apple products, but man, I gotta say... iTunes absolutely sucks for classsical music. I'm not talking playback quality or anything, it's that the organizational features of iTunes completely fail in the presence of any sort of composed music.
My iPhone is loaded up with a healthy proportion of classical music for dog walks, and that turns out to be a wonderful listening environment. So that's the situation I'm most concerned with here. And it's this situation where the iTunes tagging data is an absolute trainwreck.
For one thing, there's only one "Classical" genre setting available. That's not a big deal, it's easy enough for an individual user to add "Baroque", "Opera", "Chamber", "Choral", and so forth, but it's symbolic of a lack of respect for all composed music, and it's a bad omen of what's to come. (Given the available genre's like "Electronic", "Hip Hop", "Rap", "Techno", and "Trance", it's pretty clear where their allegences lie.)
The Artist and Composer fields in the song data, at first sight, seem reasonable. But classical libraries are always sorted by composer, and the iPod/iPhone doesn't sort by composer, and even if it did it would place Antonin Dvorak under A. The iPhone doesn't even display the composer, so that field is useless.
Almost all classical works are multi-movement pieces, and they need to be grouped as such. Now there is a Grouping field in iTunes, which leads one to believe there's hope, but no, the Grouping field is more notational and doesn't actually do anything useful. In fact it screws up the song order, and the Grouping data isn't actually displayed on the iPhone.
On top of all this, the CDDB database data for classical albums isn't even slightly consistent, so it is impossible to rip an album and not hand-rework all of the song data. Typically you get something that looks like this:
All is not lost, as I believe I've found a way to make this work. So until Apple's iTunes folks get their act together, here's my approach.
Don's iTunes Tagging Method for Classical Music
Given that we have to work with what we've got, the goal is to make iTunes work well, especially when listening on an iPod/iPhone. The display size and options on the iPhone/iPod are limited, and we have to make the best use of what we have.
The basic plan is to:
Use the Artist field for both the composer and the performer.
Split the albums up into works, and use the Album field for the name of the work.
Use the Name field for the movement number and the movement name.
Accept that the Album Artist, Composer and Grouping fields won't be helpful.
Here's an example. At this point we've just ripped a CD and retrieved the song titles in whatever insane random format comes over from CDDB.
Step 1: Select all the tracks on the album and edit the artist field to show both the composer and the performer, composer first, last name only (or last-name-comma-initials). Use a format like this:
Dvorak / Prague String Quartet
This is the main field that the songs will be sorted by, so you want it to match your record collection as closely as practical. I really want my Dvorak string quartets under D and my Handel Concerti Grossi under H.
(It's possible to do use a prettier version of the composer name, first-name-first and last-name-last, and use the Sort Artist feature to sort it correctly, but that's painful as the Sort Artist feature is not documented and you need to do a resort every time you add new music. And in practice it ends up pushing the performer off the end of the limited iPod/iPhone display, so it's just not worth the trouble.)
I've been using the Composer field for a prettier version of the composer name and the Album Artist field for a prettier version of the performer name, just for documentation purposes, as these fields don't show up on an iPod/iPhone.
Step 2: For each composition on the album, select all the movements and adjust the Album field to reflect the name of the work. This effectively splits an album up into several albums, one per composition.
String Quartets: No. 3 in D Major
Physical albums, as such, are less important to classical music listeners; classical albums are generally just a container for a number of works and don't have notable titles. So instead we use the Album field for the name of the individual work, optionally prefixed with an abbreviated album name so that works from the same album will group together. You'll want to check to be sure it's short enough to display well on the iPod/iPhone.
Step 3: And finally, use the individual song name for the number and the name of the movement, like this:
And here's how it looks on an iPhone:
And here's another example:
I'll publish this here, and maybe collect some improvements over time. So far this is working well for me.
Yes, there is a significant amount of manual labor involved in editing the iTunes tags for classical music. That's a bad sign. At least it's mostly cut-and-paste and you can listen to the music while you're editing.
Maybe this will suggest a better tagging schema to Apple. And maybe Gracenote, the folks behind the CDDB database, will be able to address classical music, either by adopting this approach or coming up with something better.
Or maybe there's an entrepreneurial business opportunity for a classical CDDB.
Posted by DonTillman at September 14, 2008 04:52 PM
Thanks for the careful advice about classical music on iTunes. It became unbearable since I got the 160 gig ipod, and this looks like a good way to make it scrollable. A lot of manual labor, but a happier dog walk at the end of it!
Posted by: Bcadbury at March 2, 2011 09:37 AM
Excellent! At last I've found a somewhat reasonable, if a bit labour intensive, approach to playing classical music on the iPhone.
The current way that iTunes stores classical music tracks is absurd!
Is there perhaps a way of getting into the Apple iTunes database and modifying it using a 'search and replace' application to modify the track names within the database rather than having to do it manually?
Posted by: Ciaran Mulloy at March 8, 2011 04:36 PM
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Uncolored 1969 Apollo / Man On The Moon Coloring Book
Apollo 11 Space Space Travel Rocket Aviation NASA Moon Landing Astronaut Coloring Book Americana Historic Nostalgic
The picture shows the cover of this This Mint Uncolored 1969 Apollo / Man On The Moon Coloring Book. The back has an identical image. It is dated 1969 and based on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Program. It was published by Saalfield. It measures 8-3/8" x 10-7/8" and it is in mint condition. Below here, for reference, is some information about the Apollo 11 mission:
Mission statistics
Mission name: Apollo 11
Command Module: CM-107, callsign Columbia, mass 30,320 kg
Service Module: SM-107
Lunar Module: LM-5, callsign Eagle, mass 16,448 kg
Crew size: 3
Booster: Saturn V SA-506
Launch pad: LC 39A, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, U.S.A.
Launch date: July 16, 1969, 13:32:00 UTC
Lunar landing: July 20, 1969, 20:17:40 UTC, Sea of Tranquility, 0° 40' 26.69'' N - 23° 28' 22.69'' E (based on the IAU Mean Earth Polar Axis coordinate system)
Lunar EVA duration: 2 h 36 m 40 s
Lunar surface time: 21 h 31 m 20 s
Lunar sample mass: 21.55 kg (47.5 lb)
Number of lunar orbits: 30
Total CSM time in lunar orbit: 59 h 30 m 25.79 s
Landing: July 24, 1969, 16:50:35 UTC, 13°19'N 169°9'W
Mission duration: 8 d 03 h 18 m 35 s
Related missions: Previous mission Apollo 10, Next mission Apollo 12
The Apollo 11 mission was the first manned mission to land on the Moon. It was the fifth human spaceflight of Project Apollo and the third human voyage to the Moon. It was also the second all veteran crew in manned space flight history. Launched on July 16, 1969, it carried Commander Neil Alden Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin Eugene 'Buzz' Aldrin, Jr. On July 20, Armstrong and Aldrin became the first humans to land on the Moon, while Collins orbited above. The mission fulfilled President John F. Kennedy's goal of reaching the moon by the end of the 1960s, which he expressed during a speech given before a joint session of Congress on May 25, 1961: ''I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth.''
Neil Armstrong - Commander
Michael Collins - Command Module Pilot
Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr. - Lunar Module Pilot
Each crewmember had made a spaceflight before this mission. Collins was originally slated to be the Command Module Pilot (CMP) on Apollo 8 but was removed when he required surgery on his back and was replaced by Jim Lovell, his backup on that flight. After he was medically cleared Collins took what would have been Lovell's spot on Apollo 11.
Backup crew
James A. Lovell, Jr - Commander
William A. Anders / Ken Mattingly - Command Module Pilot
Fred W. Haise, Jr - Lunar Module Pilot
In the spring of 1969 Bill Anders accepted a job with the National Space Council effective in August 1969 and had announced his retirement as an astronaut. At that point Ken Mattingly was moved from the support crew into parallel training with Anders as backup Command Module Pilot in case Apollo 11 was delayed past its intended July launch (at which point Anders would be unavailable if needed) and would later join Lovell's crew and ultimately be assigned as the original Apollo 13 CMP.
Support crew
Charles Moss Duke, Jr., Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM)
Ronald Evans, CAPCOM
Owen K. Garriott, CAPCOM
Don L. Lind, CAPCOM
Ken Mattingly, CAPCOM
Bruce McCandless II, CAPCOM
Harrison Schmitt, CAPCOM
Bill Pogue
Jack Swigert
Flight directors
Cliff Charlesworth, launch and EVA
Gene Kranz, lunar landing
Glynn Lunney, lunar ascent
The lunar module was named Eagle after the bald eagle depicted on the insignia; the bald eagle is the national bird of the United States. The command module was named Columbia, from the traditional feminine name Columbia used for the United States in song and poetry. The name may also have been chosen in reference to the columbiad cannon used to launch the moonships in Jules Verne's novel From the Earth to the Moon. Some internal NASA planning documents referred to the call signs as Snowcone and Haystack but these were quietly changed before being announced to the press.
Launch and lunar landing
The Saturn V carrying Apollo 11 took several seconds to clear the tower on July 16, 1969. A condensation cloud forms around an interstage as the Saturn V approached Mach 1, one minute into the flight.
In addition to throngs of people crowding highways and beaches near the launch site, millions watched the event on television, with NASA Chief of Public Information Jack King providing commentary. President Richard Nixon viewed the proceedings from the Oval Office of the White House.
A Saturn V launched Apollo 11 from the Kennedy Space Center on July 16, 1969 at 13:32 UTC (9:32 a.m. local time). It entered orbit 12 minutes later. After one and a half orbits, the S-IVB third stage engine pushed the spacecraft onto its trajectory toward the Moon with the Trans Lunar Injection burn. About 30 minutes later the command / service module pair separated from this last remaining Saturn V stage and docked with the lunar module still nestled in the Lunar Module Adaptor.
On July 19 Apollo 11 passed behind the Moon and fired its service propulsion engine to enter lunar orbit. In the thirty orbits that followed, the crew saw passing views of their landing site in the southern Sea of Tranquility (Mare Tranquillitatis) about 20 kilometers (12 mi) southwest of the crater Sabine D (0.67408N, 23.47297E). The landing site was selected in part because it had been characterized as relatively flat and smooth by the automated Ranger 8 and Surveyor 5 landers along with the Lunar Orbiter mapping spacecraft and unlikely to present major landing or extra-vehicular activity (EVA) challenges.
On July 20, 1969 the lunar module (LM) Eagle separated from the command module Columbia. Collins, alone aboard Columbia, inspected Eagle as it pirouetted before him to ensure the craft was not damaged. As the descent began, Armstrong and Aldrin found that they were passing landmarks on the surface 4 seconds early and reported they were ''long''. They would land miles west of their target point. The LM navigation and guidance computer distracted the crew with several unusual program alarms. Inside Mission Control Center in Houston, Texas, computer engineer Jack Garman told guidance officer Steve Bales it was safe to continue the descent and this was relayed to the crew. When Armstrong again looked outside, he saw that the computer's landing target was in a boulder strewn area just north and east of a 400 meter diameter crater (later determined to be ''West crater'', named for its location in the western part of the originally planned landing ellipse). Armstrong took semi-automatic control and with Aldrin calling out altitude and velocity data, landed at 20:17 UTC on July 20 with about 25 seconds of fuel left.
The program alarms were called executive overflows, during which the computer could not process all of its tasks in real time and had to postpone some of them. This was neither a computer error nor an astronaut error, but stemmed from a mistake in how the astronauts had been trained. Although unneeded for the landing, the rendezvous radar was intentionally turned on to make ready for a fast abort. Ground simulation setups had not foreseen that a fast stream of spurious interrupts from this radar could happen, depending upon how the hardware randomly powered up before the LM then began nearing the lunar surface: Hence the computer had to deal with data from two radars, not the landing radar alone, which led to the overload. Although Apollo 11 landed with less fuel than other missions, they also encountered a premature low fuel warning. It was later found to be caused by the lunar gravity permitting greater propellant 'slosh' which had uncovered a fuel sensor. On future missions extra baffles were added to the tanks.
Buzz Aldrin spoke the first words (albeit technical jargon) from the LM on the lunar surface. Throughout the descent Aldrin had called out navigation data to Armstrong, who was busy piloting the LM. As Eagle landed Aldrin said, ''Contact light! Okay, engine stop. ACA - out of detent.'' Armstrong acknowledged ''Out of detent'' and Aldrin continued, ''Mode control - both auto. Descent engine command override off. Engine arm - off. 413 is in.'' Then Armstrong said the famous words, ''Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed.'' Armstrong's abrupt change of call sign from ''Eagle'' to ''Tranquility Base'' caused momentary confusion at Mission Control. Charles Duke, acting as CAPCOM during the landing phase, acknowledged their landing, expressing the relief of Mission Control after the unexpectedly drawn out descent.
Shortly after landing, before preparations began for the EVA, Aldrin broadcast that: This is the LM pilot. I'd like to take this opportunity to ask every person listening in, whoever and wherever they may be, to pause for a moment and contemplate the events of the past few hours and to give thanks in his or her own way. He then took Communion privately. At this time NASA was still fighting a lawsuit brought by atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair (who had objected to the Apollo 8 crew reading from the Book of Genesis) which demanded that their astronauts refrain from religious activities while in space. As such, Aldrin chose to refrain from directly mentioning this. He had kept the plan quiet (not even mentioning it to his wife) and did not reveal it publicly for several years. Buzz Aldrin was an elder at Webster Presbyterian Church in Webster, TX. His communion kit was prepared by the pastor of the church, the Reverend Dean Woodruff. Aldrin described communion on the moon and the involvement of his church and pastor in the October, 1970 edition of Guideposts magazine and in his book ''Return to Earth.'' Webster Presbyterian possesses the chalice used on the moon, and commemorates the Lunar Communion each year on the Sunday closest to July 20.
Lunar surface operations
Neil Armstrong describes the Moon's surface before setting foot on it.
At 02:56 UTC on July 21 (10:56pm EDT, July 20), 1969, Armstrong made his descent to the Moon's surface and spoke his famous line ''That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind'' exactly six and a half hours after landing. Aldrin joined him, describing the view as ''Magnificent desolation.
They planned placement of the Early Apollo Scientific Experiment Package (EASEP) and the U.S. flag by studying their landing site through Eagle's twin triangular windows, which gave them a 60° field of view. Preparation required longer than the two hours scheduled. Armstrong initially had some difficulties squeezing through the hatch with his Portable Life Support System (PLSS). According to veteran moonwalker John Young, a redesign of the LM to incorporate a smaller hatch was not followed by a redesign of the PLSS backpack, so some of the highest heart rates recorded from Apollo astronauts occurred during LM egress and ingress.
The Remote Control Unit controls on Armstrong's chest kept him from seeing his feet. Climbing down the nine rung ladder, Armstrong pulled a D-ring to deploy the Modular Equipment Stowage Assembly (MESA) folded against Eagle's side and activate the TV camera. The first landing used Slow scan television incompatible with commercial TV, so it was displayed on a special monitor and a conventional TV camera viewed this monitor, significantly losing quality in the process. The signal was received at Goldstone in the USA but with better fidelity by Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station in Australia. Minutes later the feed was switched to the more sensitive Parkes radio telescope in Australia. Despite some technical and weather difficulties, ghostly black and white images of the first lunar EVA were received and broadcast to at least 600 million people on Earth. These original recordings are now missing.
After describing the surface dust (''fine and almost like a powder''), Armstrong stepped off Eagle's footpad and into history as the first human to set foot on another world, famously describing it as ''one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.'' He said that moving in the Moon's gravity, one sixth of Earth's, was ''even perhaps easier than the simulations... It's absolutely no trouble to walk around''.
In addition to fulfilling President John F. Kennedy's mandate to land a man on the Moon before the end of the 1960s, Apollo 11 was an engineering test of the Apollo system; therefore, Armstrong snapped photos of the LM so engineers would be able to judge its post landing condition. He then collected a contingency soil sample using a sample bag on a stick. He folded the bag and tucked it into a pocket on his right thigh. He removed the TV camera from the MESA, made a panoramic sweep, and mounted it on a tripod 12 m (40 ft.) from the LM. The TV camera cable remained partly coiled and presented a tripping hazard throughout the EVA.
Aldrin joined him on the surface and tested methods for moving around, including two footed kangaroo hops. The PLSS backpack created a tendency to tip backwards, but neither astronaut had serious problems maintaining balance. Loping became the preferred method of movement. The astronauts reported that they needed to plan their movements six or seven steps ahead. The fine soil was quite slippery. Aldrin remarked that moving from sunlight into Eagle's shadow produced no temperature change inside the suit, though the helmet was warmer in sunlight, so he felt cooler in shadow.
After the astronauts planted a U.S. flag on the lunar surface, they spoke with President Richard Nixon through a telephone radio transmission which Nixon called ''the most historic phone call ever made from the White House.'' Nixon originally had a long speech prepared to read during the phone call, but Frank Borman, who was at the White House as a NASA liaison during Apollo 11, convinced Nixon to keep his words brief, out of respect of the lunar landing being Kennedy's legacy.
The MESA failed to provide a stable work platform and was in shadow, slowing work somewhat. As they worked, the moonwalkers kicked up gray dust which soiled the outer part of their suits, the integrated thermal meteoroid garment. They deployed the EASEP, which included a passive seismograph and a laser ranging retroreflector. Then Armstrong loped about 120 m (400 ft.) from the LM to snap photos at the rim of East Crater while Aldrin collected two core tubes. He used the geological hammer to pound in the tubes, the only time the hammer was used on Apollo 11. The astronauts then collected rock samples using scoops and tongs on extension handles. Many of the surface activities took longer than expected, so they had to stop documented sample collection halfway through the allotted 34 min.
During this period Mission Control used a coded phrase to warn Armstrong that his metabolic rates were high and that he should slow down. He was moving rapidly from task to task as time ran out. Rates remained generally lower than expected for both astronauts throughout the walk, however, so Mission Control granted the astronauts a 15 minute extension.
Lunar ascent and return
Aldrin entered Eagle first. With some difficulty the astronauts lifted film and two sample boxes containing more than 22 kg. (48 lb.) of lunar surface material to the LM hatch using a flat cable pulley device called the Lunar Equipment Conveyor. Armstrong reminded Aldrin of a bag of memorial items in his suit pocket sleeve, and Aldrin tossed the bag down; Armstrong then jumped to the ladder's third rung and climbed into the LM. After transferring to LM life support, the explorers lightened the ascent stage for return to lunar orbit by tossing out their PLSS backpacks, lunar overshoes, one Hasselblad camera, and other equipment. They then repressurised the LM, and settled down to sleep. While moving in the cabin Aldrin accidentally broke the circuit breaker that armed the main engine for lift off from the moon. There was initial concern this would prevent firing the engine, which would strand them on the moon. Fortunately a felt tip pen was sufficient to activate the switch. Had this not worked, the Lunar Module circuitry could have been reconfigured to allow firing the ascent engine. After about seven hours of rest, they were awakened by Houston to prepare for the return flight. Two and a half hours later, at 17:54 UTC, they lifted off in Eagle's ascent stage, carrying 21.5 kilograms of lunar samples with them, to rejoin CMP Michael Collins aboard Columbia in lunar orbit.
After more than 2 hours on the lunar surface, they had left behind scientific instruments which included a retroreflector array used for the Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment and a Passive Seismic Experiment used to measure moonquakes. They also left an American flag, an Apollo 1 mission patch, and a plaque (mounted on the LM Descent Stage ladder) bearing two drawings of Earth (of the Western and Eastern Hemispheres), an inscription, and signatures of the astronauts and Richard Nixon. The inscription read Here Men From The Planet Earth First Set Foot Upon the Moon, July 1969 A.D. We Came in Peace For All Mankind. They also left behind a memorial bag containing a gold replica of an olive branch as a traditional symbol of peace, the Apollo 1 patch, and a silicon message disk. The disk carries the goodwill statements by Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon and messages from leaders of 73 countries around the world. The disc also carries a listing of the leadership of the US Congress, a listing of members of the four committees of the House and Senate responsible for the NASA legislation, and the names of NASA's past and present top management. NASA News Release No. 69-83F (July 13, 1969). (In his 1989 book, Men from Earth, Aldrin says that the items included Soviet medals commemorating Cosmonauts Vladimir Komarov and Yuri Gagarin.) Also, according to Deke Slayton's book 'Moonshot', Armstrong carried with him a special diamond studded Astronaut pin from Deke. Film taken from the LM Ascent Stage upon liftoff from the moon reveals the American flag, planted some 25 feet (8 m) from the descent stage, whipping violently in the exhaust of the ascent stage engine. Buzz Aldrin witnessed it topple: ''The ascent stage of the LM separated ...I was concentrating on the computers, and Neil was studying the attitude indicator, but I looked up long enough to see the flag fall over.'' Subsequent Apollo missions usually planted the American flags at least 100 feet (30 m) from the LM to avoid being blown over by the ascent engine exhaust.
After rendezvous with Columbia, Eagle's ascent stage was jettisoned into lunar orbit at July 21, 1969 at 23:41 UT (7:41 PM EDT). Just before the Apollo 12 flight, it was noted that Eagle was still likely to be orbiting the moon. Later NASA reports mentioned that Eagle's orbit had decayed resulting in it impacting in an ''uncertain location'' on the lunar surface. The location is uncertain because the Eagle ascent stage was not tracked after it was jettisoned and the lunar gravity field is sufficiently uncertain to make the orbit of the spacecraft virtually unpredictable after a short time. NASA estimated that the orbit had decayed within months and would have impacted on the Moon.
On July 23, the three astronauts made a television broadcast on the last night before splashdown. Collins commented, ''... The Saturn V rocket which put us in orbit is an incredibly complicated piece of machinery, every piece of which worked flawlessly ... We have always had confidence that this equipment will work properly. All this is possible only through the blood, sweat, and tears of a number of a people ...All you see is the three of us, but beneath the surface are thousands and thousands of others, and to all of those, I would like to say, 'Thank you very much.''' Aldrin said, ''... This has been far more than three men on a mission to the Moon; more, still, than the efforts of a government and industry team; more, even, than the efforts of one nation. We feel that this stands as a symbol of the insatiable curiosity of all mankind to explore the unknown ... Personally, in reflecting on the events of the past several days, a verse from Psalms comes to mind. 'When I consider the heavens, the work of Thy fingers, the Moon and the stars, which Thou hast ordained; What is man that Thou art mindful of him?''' Armstrong concluded, ''The responsibility for this flight lies first with history and with the giants of science who have preceded this effort; next with the American people, who have, through their will, indicated their desire; next with four administrations and their Congresses, for implementing that will; and then, with the agency and industry teams that built our spacecraft, the Saturn, the Columbia, the Eagle, and the little EMU, the spacesuit and backpack that was our small spacecraft out on the lunar surface. We would like to give special thanks to all those Americans who built the spacecraft; who did the construction, design, the tests, and put their hearts and all their abilities into those craft. To those people tonight, we give a special thank you, and to all the other people that are listening and watching tonight, God bless you. Good night from Apollo 11.''
On July 24, the astronauts returned home and were immediately put in quarantine. The splashdown point was 13°19 N 169°9 W, in the Pacific Ocean 2,660 km (1,440 nm) east of Wake Island, or 380 km (210 nm) south of Johnston Atoll, and 24 km (15 mi.) from the recovery ship, U.S.S. Hornet. After recovery by helicopter approximately one hour after splashdown, the astronauts were placed in an Airstream trailer that had been designed as a temporary quarantine facility for their transport back to the Lunar Receiving Laboratory. President Richard Nixon was aboard the recovery vessel to personally welcome the astronauts back to Earth. The astronauts were placed in quarantine after their landing on the moon due to fears that the moon might contain undiscovered pathogens, and that the astronauts may have been exposed to them during their moon walks. However, after almost three weeks in confinement (first in their trailer and later in the Lunar Receiving Laboratory at the Manned Spacecraft Center), the astronauts were given a clean bill of health. On August 13, 1969, the astronauts exited quarantine to the cheers of the American public. Parades were held in their honor in New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles on the same day. A few weeks later, they were invited by Mexico for a parade honoring them in Mexico City.
That evening in Los Angeles there was an official State Dinner to celebrate Apollo 11, attended by Members of Congress, 44 Governors, the Chief Justice, and ambassadors from 83 nations. President Richard Nixon and Vice President Spiro T. Agnew honored each astronaut with a presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This celebration was the beginning of a 45 day ''Giant Leap'' tour that brought the astronauts to 25 foreign countries and included visits with prominent leaders such as Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. Many nations would honor the first manned moon landing by issuing Apollo 11 commemorative postage stamps or coins. Also, a few POWs held in Vietnam received letters from home a few months after the landings with those stamps to covertly let the POWs know that the United States had landed men on the moon. At the 27th World Science Fiction Convention in St. Louis, Missouri, the three astronauts received a special Hugo award for ''the Best Moon Landing Ever.'' On September 16, 1969, the three astronauts spoke before a joint session of Congress on Capitol Hill. They presented two U.S. flags, one to the House of Representatives and the other to the Senate, that had been carried to the surface of the moon with them. The command module is displayed at the National Air and Space Museum, Washington, D.C.. It is placed in the central exhibition hall in front of the Jefferson Drive entrance, and shares the main hall with other pioneering flight vehicles such as the Spirit of St. Louis, the Bell X-1, the North American X-15, Mercury capsule Friendship 7, and Gemini 4. The quarantine trailer, the flotation collar, and the righting spheres are displayed at the Smithsonian's Udvar-Hazy Center annex near Washington Dulles International Airport in Virginia.
Mission insignia
The patch of Apollo 11 was designed by Collins, who wanted a symbol for ''peaceful lunar landing by the United States''. He picked an eagle as the symbol, put an olive branch in its beak, and drew a moon background with the earth in the distance. NASA officials said the talons of the eagle looked too ''warlike'' and after some discussion, the olive branch was moved to the claws. The crew decided the Roman numeral XI would not be understood in some nations and went with Apollo 11; they decided not to put their names on the patch, so it would ''be representative of everyone who had worked toward a lunar landing.'' All colors are natural, with blue and gold borders around the patch. The LM was named Eagle to match the insignia. When the Eisenhower dollar coin was revived a few years later, the patch design provided the eagle for the back of the coin. The design was kept for the smaller Susan B. Anthony dollar, which was unveiled in 1979, the 10th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission.
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Naval Gentleman
William Alport (1779-1831)
The use of the rope and anchor hanger on this frame indicates that the sitter had a maritime connection. This is supported by the fact that the silhouette was painted by William Alport who was based in Liverpool, a busy and important port.
The profile is neatly painted, the hair well-defined as well as the knotted stock and frilled chemise. The profile has Alport’s distinctive painted lines under the bust. It is set in a traditional papier-mâché frame. Although it has inevitable age-browning, the silhouette is in good condition. The convex glass on the frame is scratched.
Born in Birmingham in 1779, William Twigg was the third of eleven children born to Thomas and Ann Allport (also spelled Alport). Thomas was a gunsmith by trade and at least five of his sons subsequently joined him in the business. William though, for reasons unknown, moved to Liverpool having opted instead to follow an artistic career. There he met and married Alice Ashworth and with her had nine children between 1803 and 1819.
In Liverpool Alport worked as a profile artist for William Bullock at his Museum of Natural Curiosities. Bullock also came from Birmingham where he had worked as a goldsmith so it’s possible that the two men were already acquainted and it may even have been the offer of a job as an artist that prompted Alport to leave his home city. Bullock claimed to have invented a physiognotrace, a device that used wire and lenses to capture and reduce an outline profile. This was promoted as an added visitor attraction within the museum – ‘the most accurate Likenesses can be taken in one minute’ – and would have been used by Alport.
By 1809 Bullock and his collection had outgrown Liverpool so he transferred the museum to London. Alport, now married with a young family, stayed behind as did the physiognotrace so it was at this point that he was finally able to paint under his own name. Alport never returned to his home city and his death in 1831, at the age of 52, was announced by the Liverpool press.
Size: framed, 150 x 131mm (5⅞ x 5⅛")
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Applied Materials CEO warns of AI chip’s high power consumption
HOME Semiconductor
Dongwon Kim
Company developing new solution with customer
Applied Materials CEO Gary Dickerson Image: Semicon Korea
Applied Materials CEO Gary Dickerson warned of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) to the environment at his keynote speech during Semicon Korea on Friday.
Dickerson said if AI data centers are built with the current technology, data centers will be consuming 15% of global power by 2025.
This could be costly and a disaster to earth, the CEO said. There needs to be a new strategy to improve launch of new technologies and improving power, performance and cost of semiconductors, Dickerson said.
A great amount of carbon dioxide is emitted during the manufacture and use of semiconductors. Applied Materials emitted 145,000 metric tonnes of carbon dioxide in 2019. When combined with its customers and partners as well as semiconductor manufacture, emission rate reaches around 50 million metric tonnes. These semiconductors are then used in computers, tablets, servers, smartphones, TVs and other devices that together contribute a billion metric tonnes of carbon dioxide.
Dickerson said Applied Materials was focusing its research and development on preventing rise in power consumption from advancements in AI. Around 70% of the company's operation cost was used in research and development, he said.
Applied Materials has focused its investments for the past couple of years on advanced digital based facilities, data science, machine learning, simulation and sensor. The CEO said these technologies can be used to reduce the time and cost to manufacture semiconductors, while also improving yield rate that conserves energy. Applied Materials was developing “interesting” solutions with customers, the CEO said, with precise details to be shared near the end of the year.
Applied Materials plans to use 100% renewable energy by 2030. It also plans to reduce the use of energy and chemicals by 30% by that time stamp. Its SuCCESS 2030 program aims to optimize material selection and procurement, packaging, inventory management, transportation and recycling to reduce energy consumption and carbon emission.
With big power comes big responsibility, the CEO said, and Applied Materials will recognize its own influence in the industry to take decisive action in the area.
Dongwon Kim 다른기사 보기
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← Wildlife Wednesday – Cockatoos
Like a Burro – Let’s Refuse to Budge →
More US War Crimes
Posted on September 26, 2007 by RagBlog
But the US lost the moral high ground a long, long, long time ago.
U.S. Aims To Lure Insurgents With ‘Bait’: Snipers Describe Classified Program
By Josh White and Joshua Partlow
Washington Post Staff Writers
Monday, September 24, 2007; Page A01
A Pentagon group has encouraged some U.S. military snipers in Iraq to target suspected insurgents by scattering pieces of “bait,” such as detonation cords, plastic explosives and ammunition, and then killing Iraqis who pick up the items, according to military court documents.
The classified program was described in investigative documents related to recently filed murder charges against three snipers who are accused of planting evidence on Iraqis they killed.
“Baiting is putting an object out there that we know they will use, with the intention of destroying the enemy,” Capt. Matthew P. Didier, the leader of an elite sniper scout platoon attached to the 1st Battalion of the 501st Infantry Regiment, said in a sworn statement. “Basically, we would put an item out there and watch it. If someone found the item, picked it up and attempted to leave with the item, we would engage the individual as I saw this as a sign they would use the item against U.S. Forces.”
In documents obtained by The Washington Post from family members of the accused soldiers, Didier said members of the U.S. military’s Asymmetric Warfare Group visited his unit in January and later passed along ammunition boxes filled with the “drop items” to be used “to disrupt the AIF [Anti-Iraq Forces] attempts at harming Coalition Forces and give us the upper hand in a fight.”
Eugene Fidell, president of the National Institute of Military Justice, said such a baiting program should be examined “quite meticulously” because it raises troubling possibilities, such as what happens when civilians pick up the items.
“In a country that is awash in armaments and magazines and implements of war, if every time somebody picked up something that was potentially useful as a weapon, you might as well ask every Iraqi to walk around with a target on his back,” Fidell said.
Soldiers said that about a dozen platoon members were aware of the program, and that numerous others knew about the “drop items” but did not know their purpose. Two soldiers who had not been officially informed about the program came forward with allegations of wrongdoing after they learned they were going to be punished for falling asleep on a sniper mission, according to the documents.
Army officials declined to discuss the classified program, details of which appear in unclassified investigative documents and in transcripts of court testimony. Criminal investigators wrote that they found materials related to the program in a white cardboard box and an ammunition can at the sniper unit’s base.
“We don’t discuss specific methods targeting enemy combatants,” said Paul Boyce, an Army spokesman. “The accused are charged with murder and wrongfully placing weapons on the remains of Iraqi nationals. There are no classified programs that authorize the murder of local nationals and the use of ‘drop weapons’ to make killings appear legally justified.”
It is unclear whether the program reached elsewhere in Iraq and how many people were killed through the baiting tactics.
Members of the sniper platoon have said they felt pressure from commanders to kill more insurgents because U.S. units in the area had taken heavy losses. The sniper unit — dubbed “the painted demons” because of the use of tiger-stripe face paint — often went on missions into hostile areas to intercept insurgents going to and from hidden weapons caches.
“It’s our job out here to lay people down who are doing bad things,” Spec. Joshua L. Michaud testified in Iraq in July, discussing the unit’s numerous casualties. “I don’t want to call it revenge, but we needed to find a way so that we could get the bad guys the right way and still maintain the right military things to do.”
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Day 164: 7/9/1973 St. Paul, MN
7/9/1973 St. Paul, MN (master>dat>cdr - speed corrected)
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Moby Dick, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, Communication Breakdown
Plant's almost monotone delivery of Rock and Roll is a sign of things to come as his injured voice continues to cause him trouble. Page hints at the opening riff of Dancing Days as Over the Hills and Far Away comes to a close. Bonzo hammers at his drums with incredible intensity during Misty Mountain Hop. Plant has regained control of his voice by Since I've Been Loving You. A few loud firecracker blasts early in the song interrupt an otherwise excellent performance.
No Quarter is introduced as "another thing about the journey that lasts a lifetime." The instrumental section is transformed into an avant garde free-form improvisation. Page plays a bit of the Laurel and Hardy theme song as Plant announces "John Bonham comes to you by courtesy of the makers of Quaaludes" following The Rain Song. The band is absolutely on fire during an outstanding Dazed and Confused. A truly amazing performance from start to finish, one of the best in recent memory. There is a slight cut in the tape during the initial verses of Stairway to Heaven.
Before Moby Dick, Plant announces "yes ladies and gentlemen, tonight... for your entertainment... king of the Quaaludes, John Bonham!" As the song ends, a cut in the tape leaves us at the beginning of the second verse of Heartbreaker. Page shreds through the fast guitar solo as Bonzo and Jones lay down a frantic stop-start rhythm. The band closes the show with a high-energy Communication Breakdown.
The tape is fairly clear, if a bit distant and noisy.
Labels: BD, CB, CD, DAC, HB, MD, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 163: 7/7/1973 Chicago, IL
7/7/1973 Chicago, IL In the Windy City II
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Moby Dick, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, Communication Breakdown
Plant's voice is still a bit rough as Rock and Roll gets moving. The tape is cut during the third verse of Celebration Day due to the taper accidentally pushing the pause button on his recorder. Fortunately, he realizes his mistake fairly quickly and we return as Plant greets the crowd following the absent Black Dog. Plant asks if anyone was at last night's show, saying "it was a little bit too vicious, as Lou Reed would say." Page blazes through the guitar solo during Over the Hills and Far Away. Since I've Been Loving You is dramatic and powerful, despite Plant's injured voice.
Following No Quarter, Plant announces "we'd like to make it familiar to the press, we read a review of last night's concert and after six years, they still think that John Bonham plays the organ." There are some distracting tape issues near the end of The Song Remains the Same. Page is on fire during the guitar solo/workout section in Dazed and Confused, his fingers flying across the fretboard as Bonzo and Jones explore a heavy groove. Bonzo explodes like a barrage of cannon fire during the crushing return to the main riff. Page solos wildly over Plant's chants of "take it easy" during the outro. There is a slight cut during the middle section of Stairway to Heaven. As the song ends, Plant tells the crowd "at this point, I'd like to give you a little round of applause."
As Plant repeatedly calls out Bonzo's name after Moby Dick, someone near the taper answers with shouts of "who?" and "once more" following each iteration. Page shreds through the fast guitar solo during Heartbreaker as Bonzo and Jones hold down a funky rhythm. Unfortunately, there are major tape issues during the initial verses of Whole Lotta Love. The riotous Boogie Chillen' section features an excellent guitar solo from Page. The taper and his friends provide some amusing commentary before the band returns to the stage to close the show with a fantastic Communication Breakdown.
The tape is clear, but suffers from minor tape issues throughout.
Labels: CB, CD, DAC, HB, MD, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
7/6/1973 Chicago, IL Second City Showdown
The first show after a month long hiatus and the band starts off a bit rusty. Plant has lost his voice completely, squawking and squelching his way through Rock and Roll. The crowd is a bit rowdy tonight with fights breaking out in front of the stage, which Plant comments on following Over the Hills and Far Away. His injured voice lends a mournful tone to an elegantly restrained Since I've Been Loving You. A beautiful performance. A cut in the tape at the transition into The Rain Song leaves us at the beginning of the first verse.
Before Dazed and Confused, Plant tells the crowd "I never seen so many fights at one concert." There are a number of brief dropouts in the right channel during the lead-in to the bow solo. The guitar solo/workout section is a bit of a disjointed mess. Despite some good sticky-fingered soloing from Page, the band never really locks into one another. Page skips the Mars, the Bringer of War section, heading directly into the return to the main riff as Bonzo and Jones try to catch up. As the song ends, Plant once again expresses his frustration with the continuing outbreak of fights in the crowd. Page's guitar solo during Stairway to Heaven starts out promising, but loses momentum near the end.
Bonzo is introduced as "the pacifist of our outfit" before Moby Dick. There is a cut in the tape about ten minutes into the drum solo. Before Heartbreaker, Plant tells the crowd "I've never seen so much leeriness and violence, so cool it, cool it for goodness sake!" The haphazard interaction between Page, Jones, and Bonzo during the theramin freakout in Whole Lotta Love gives the impression that they can neither see nor hear one another at all. Plant completely shreds what little is left of his voice during the final "love!" Against all logic, the band returns to the stage to close the show with Communication Breakdown. Surely a night to forget.
The tape is another excellent soundboard recording.
Day 161: 6/3/1973 Los Angeles, CA
6/3/1973 Los Angeles, CA Wipe With a Rolling Stone
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Moby Dick, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, The Ocean, Communication Breakdown, Thank You
The last night of the first leg of the tour begins with the sound of rhythmic stomping, the crowd eagerly anticipating the start of the show. Following a brief soundcheck, the arena explodes with excitement as Rock and Roll crashes into motion. The walls quake under the power of Bonzo's bass drum as Page's guitar solo slashes and shreds through the cacophonous roar like a razor blade. The rhythm section is unstoppable during a brutal Celebration Day, hammering forward, full steam ahead as Plant's vocals echo out over the crowd.
A cut in the tape just after the third verse of Black Dog leaves us at the end of the guitar solo in Over the Hills and Far Away. Bonzo hammers wildly at his drums during Misty Mountain Hop. Despite a few tape disturbances early in the song, Since I've Been Loving You is amazingly powerful. One of the best performances in recent memory. Plant introduces No Quarter as "a track off the new album, which features the dynamite piano playing of John Paul Jones." Unfortunately, following a cut during the first verse, the tape is marred with constant speed fluctuations. The Song Remains the Same is dedicated to "the toilet paper that people buy in this part of the world called the Rolling Stone." Page absolutely shreds through the guitar solos. Fortunately, the speed fluctuations subside by the end of The Rain Song.
The lead-in to the bow solo during Dazed and Confused is excellent. Unfortunately, the San Francisco interlude is cut short by a series of major tape disturbances which thankfully disappear a few minutes into the bow solo. The band is on fire during the absolutely amazing guitar solo/workout section. A phenomenal performance. As the song ends, Plant again makes mention of Page's sprained finger, telling the crowd that he's been soaking it in a bucket of cold water since the original date was cancelled a few days prior. Stairway to Heaven features a fantastic guitar solo from Page. The final verse is incredibly powerful.
Moby Dick is introduced as "a real high-energy trip." There is a cut in the tape about halfway through the epic drum solo. Plant dedicates Heartbreaker to Slade. The theramin freakout during Whole Lotta Love is transformed into a frantic stop-start battle between Page and the rest of the band. Plant's boogie rap gives way to an excellent rendition of Don Nix's Going Down, followed by I'm a Man and The Hunter. Page blazes through the guitar solo during the riotous Boogie Chillen' section. The Ocean is excellent. Page shreds through the guitar solo during a blistering Communication Breakdown. The band closes the show with a fantastic performance of Thank You, one of the best thus far. A fitting send-off to the first leg of the tour. Must hear.
The tape is clear and well-balanced, if a bit noisy on the high end. Unfortunately, the aforementioned tape issues, along with the frequent shifting from stereo to mono throughout the first part of the show detract from an otherwise amazing performance.
Labels: *Must Hear*, BD, CB, CD, DAC, HB, MD, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TO, TRS, TSRTS, TY, WLL
Day 160: 6/2/1973 San Francisco, CA
6/2/1973 San Francisco, CA (master>dat>cdr)
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Moby Dick*, Heartbreaker*, Whole Lotta Love*, Communication Breakdown*, The Ocean*
*- sbd: Vibes are Real
As the band takes the stage, Plant greets the crowd, saying "good afternoon... as we've been awake now a total of about two and a half hours, it doesn't really seem that we should be doin' what we're doin' right now... but I believe there's somethin' to do with lightness and darkness, so we'll try a bit of lightness." Following a pause to fix some equipment issues, Rock and Roll comes crashing through the gate. Bonzo is like an out of control locomotive, hammering at his drums with incredible force. His thunderous bass drum echoes like cannon fire through the stadium. Page blazes through the guitar solo during Over the Hills and Far Away. The laid-back intensity of Since I've Been Loving You is followed by an excellent No Quarter.
Following a brief rant about negative press, Plant dedicates The Song Remains the Same to "the musical papers who think we should remain a blues band." The end of The Rain Song is destroyed by a loud hum of feedback, which Plant apologizes for as the song ends, saying "it really blew it, it could have been a lot nicer without it." Page, Jones, and Bonzo are locked into each other during the frantic lead-in to the bow solo in Dazed and Confused. Plant moans "I believe in the theory" during the haunting San Francisco interlude. Page shreds through the somewhat erratic guitar solo/workout section. Before Stairway to Heaven, Plant mentions Roy Harper, saying "to show our faith in him and his work that has influenced us... we offer this song." Page's fingers dance across the fretboard during the guitar solo.
Following an epic thirty-minute Moby Dick, Heartbreaker rumbles into motion with Bonzo's thunderous intro. Bonzo and Jones hold down a high-speed funky groove as Page performs his wizardry during the theramin freakout in Whole Lotta Love. The Boogie Chillen' section features an excellent guitar solo from Page. Following a blistering Communication Breakdown, Plant tells the crowd "let me tell you, you been fantastic!" joking "next time we come, bring your friends." The band returns to the stage following a backstage water fight to close the show with an excellent The Ocean. As the band exits, Plant tells the crowd "I gotta tell you, this is the best vibes since the first time we played the Fillmore five years ago." A truly momentous occasion for all. Must hear.
The audience tape is very clear and well-balanced. The soundboard tape is fantastic.
About two minutes of color footage from the show is available on Hercules's Film Noir Vol. 1, as well as Celebration's Latter Visions. Unfortunately, the film only contains a thirty second fragment of Rock and Roll shot from the left side of the stage, showing only Page and Plant. The rest of the footage features various brief shots of the crowd.
Click here for a video sample courtesy of Black Beauty.
Labels: *Must Hear*, BD, CB, CD, DAC, HB, MD, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TO, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
5/31/1973 Los Angeles, CA Bonzo's Birthday Party
Rock and Roll^, Celebration Day*, Black Dog*, Over the Hills and Far Away*, Misty Mountain Hop*, Since I've Been Loving You*, No Quarter*, The Song Remains the Same*, The Rain Song*, Dazed and Confused*, Stairway to Heaven*, Moby Dick^, Heartbreaker^, Whole Lotta Love^, The Ocean^, Communication Breakdown^
*- soundboard: Bonzo's Birthday Party (Watch Tower)
^- audience: Bonzo's Birthday Party (EVSD)
The celebration of Bonzo's twenty-fifth birthday gets off to an explosive start as the high-energy rampage of Rock and Roll crashes into motion. The band is on fire during the brutal attack of Celebration Day. Following Over the Hills and Far Away, Plant announces "we'll call this gig Bonzo's Birthday Party." Since I've Been Loving You is highly dramatic and incredibly powerful. An excellent performance. The instrumental section during No Quarter is fantastic. As the song ends, Plant announces "John Paul Jones played the piano... and somebody else fucked up the monitors."
Page blazes through the guitar solos as Jones's fingers dance across the fretboard during The Song Remains the Same. The Rain Song is absolutely beautiful. Plant introduces Dazed and Confused as "a far out heavy trip." Page shreds through the frantic lead-in to the bow solo. The San Francisco interlude is both eerily haunting and devastatingly heavy. The guitar solo/workout section is an epic journey, culminating in a explosive return to the main riff. Plant dedicates Stairway to Heaven to Bonzo before threatening someone off-mic, saying "get that fuckin' monitor down or I'll fuckin' come and kill ya." Page delivers an excellent guitar solo. The final verse sees Plant pushing his voice to the limit.
Plant introduces Moby Dick by saying "considerin' it's the gentleman's birthday, I think it's only fair that we should let him bang his balls out." There are a few cuts throughout the drum solo. As the song ends, the band plays Happy Birthday for Bonzo. Heartbreaker is excellent. The Boogie Chillen' section during Whole Lotta Love features a flawless guitar solo from Page. As the band returns to the stage, Plant tells the crowd "Jimmy sprained his finger two days ago... and he's been playing tonight and puttin' his hand in a bowl of cold water to keep the swelling down, so I think that's great" before introducing a high-energy The Ocean as "a thing about you." The show ends with a raucous Communication Breakdown. A fantastic performance. Must hear.
The soundboard tape is excellent, although not quite as clear as some of the other soundboard recordings from this tour. The audience tape is clear and well-balanced, if a bit noisy on the high end.
Click here and here for audio samples courtesy of Black Beauty.
About three and a half minutes of black and white footage from the show exists. The film, shot from very close to the stage, includes brief clips of Celebration Day, Over the Hills and Far Away, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, and Dazed and Confused. The picture is very high contrast, causing a loss of detail, but is still quite enjoyable.
Day 158: 5/28/1973 San Diego, CA
5/28/1973 San Diego, CA Three Days Before
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Moby Dick, Stairway to Heaven, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, The Ocean
Celebration Day is cut short when Page launches into the guitar solo before the band has a chance to play the second chorus. Plant asks the people in the front of the crowd to be cool before introducing Over the Hills and Far Away as "(a song) about every man and every woman" joking "and it's not called an orgy." Following a cut during the intro, the initial verses of No Quarter are missing from the tape. Bonzo and Jones provide an excellent jazzy foundation for Page's sticky-fingered guitar solo. Jones even throws in a few bars of Your Time is Gonna Come near the end. As the song ends, Plant announces "that was John Paul Jones playing weird piano." Unfortunately, all but the final fifty seconds of Dazed and Confused is missing from the tape.
Plant tells the crowd that a piece of Page's guitar has gone missing, so the band skips Stairway to Heaven for the time being and resumes with Moby Dick after a cut in the tape. Page is absent from the mix for most of the intro. There are a few slight cuts during the effects-heavy tympani section of the drums solo. Page's guitar solo during Heartbreaker is a burst of sticky-fingered inspiration. Bonzo and Jones get into a bit of The Crunge at the end of the theramin freakout during Whole Lotta Love. The excellent, high-energy Boogie Chillen' section is preceded by impromptu renditions of Muddy Waters's Honey Bee and Don Nix's Going Down. As the band returns to the stage, Plant tells the crowd "whoever threw that firecracker deserves to be jerked-off by an elephant." The show ends with a somewhat uneven The Ocean.
The tape is yet another excellent soundboard recording.
Click here for audio samples courtesy of Black Beauty.
Labels: BD, CD, DAC, HB, MD, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TO, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 157: 5/26/1973 Salt Lake City, UT
5/26/1973 Salt Lake City, UT A Memento of Salt Lake City
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Georgia on My Mind, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, Communication Breakdown
Someone near the taper excitedly shouts "all right, all right!" as Rock and Roll crashes into motion. The band is taking no prisoners as they race through a brutal Celebration Day. Page's guitar solo slashes and shreds through the frantic rhythm like a jagged razor blade. Plant tells the crowd "it's very nice to be back here, no messin' about" before introducing Over the Hills and Far Away. Jones leads Plant and Bonzo in a fantastic impromptu rendition of Georgia on My Mind while Page changes a broken string. Since I've Been Loving You is dramatic and powerful. The instrumental section during No Quarter features an excellent funky jam led by Page.
Following The Rain Song, Plant announces "John Paul Jones was the Henry Mancini orchestra" adding "whatever happened to Henry Mancini?" He introduces Dazed and Confused by saying "during these five years, there's been all sorts of different colors, musically, that we've come across and put onto plastic... and this is one of the very first." Page's fingers get a bit sticky during the somewhat erratic guitar solo/workout section. The theramin freakout during Whole Lotta Love is preceded by a great jam on a heavy riff. The band drops the Boogie Chillen' section tonight, jumping directly into the coda as Plant repeatedly exclaims "ain't nothin' but a hound dog!" The band closes the show with a wildly cacophonous Communication Breakdown.
The tape is a matrix of an excellent soundboard recording and a distant, noisy audience recording. Unfortunately, varying tape speeds result in the two going slightly out of synch occasionally. The effect isn't very noticeable for the most part, sometimes even enhancing the listening experience by providing a sort of false echo that gives the soundboard recording more of a full, atmospheric quality. The effect is most noticeable during No Quarter and Stairway to Heaven, in which the separation becomes wide enough to make the tape a bit difficult to listen to.
Labels: BD, CB, CD, DAC, Georgia on My Mind, HB, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 156: 5/25/1973 Denver, CO
5/25/1973 Denver, CO Going Down
Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, Communication Breakdown
The tape begins with Plant announcing "John Bonham, Moby Dick!" before Bonzo's intro march to Heartbreaker. Page shreds through the a cappella solo. Bonzo lays down a funky rhythm during the theramin freakout in Whole Lotta Love. The Boogie Chillen' section features an excellent guitar solo from Page. The band returns to the stage to close the show with a quick and dirty Communication Breakdown. As the band exits, Plant tells the crowd "thank you very much, and without oxygen, we gotta go to bed, goodnight!"
The tape is another great soundboard recording. An excellent companion piece to the tape from Fort Worth six nights earlier.
Labels: CB, HB, WLL
Day 156: 5/19/1973 Fort Worth, TX
5/19/1973 Fort Worth, TX (1st gen reel>dat>cdr)
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven
The tape begins with a brief soundcheck before the high-energy one-two punch of Rock and Roll and Celebration Day. Page blazes through an extended guitar solo during the latter. Plant scolds the crowd for not responding to his calls during Black Dog. Bonzo and Jones lay down a heavy groove as Page shreds through an erratically excellent guitar solo during Over the Hills and Far Away.
Plant sings "gimme some more monitors, if you will, yeah" during the initial verses of Since I've Been Loving You. He unleashes a spine-chilling squeal at the end of Page's uneven guitar solo. No Quarter is hauntingly epic. An excellent performance. Plant mentions "a funny feelin' in me pipe" while introducing The Song Remains the Same. Page's fingers fly across the fretboard during the guitar solos. The Rain Song is fantastic. Bonzo pounds on his drums with incredible intensity during the heavy section. Unfortunately, there is a slight cut in the tape near the end of the song.
Plant dedicates Dazed and Confused to "an old friend of mine... the butter queen!" Bonzo hammers wildly at his tympani during the intro. The frantic lead-in to the bow solo features one of the best renditions of San Francisco thus far. Hauntingly mournful one moment, devastatingly heavy the next. Page is absolutely on fire during the epic guitar solo/workout section. The return to the main riff is explosive. Page solos wildly over Bonzo and Jones's hypnotic, pulsating rhythm during the outro. A truly amazing performance, one of the best thus far. Unfortunately, the recording ends following a great Stairway to Heaven as Plant tells the crowd "I'm beginnin' to feel the presence of fourteen thousand people." An excellent performance. Must hear.
The tape is another wonderful soundboard recording. Very clear with a thunderous bottom end.
Labels: *Must Hear*, BD, CD, DAC, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS
Day 155: 5/18/1973 Dallas, TX
5/18/1973 Dallas, TX Bertha Remaster
The show starts off a bit sluggish with a slow, plodding Rock and Roll. Plant calls out "gimme some monitors, Rusty" during the second verse of Celebration Day. Page's fingers get stuck in the strings during the guitar solo. Following Black Dog, Plant apologizes for the show's late start, explaining "John Paul Jones has got two fractured ribs and he's still managing to stand" adding "that's not really funny at all... we thought he got the clap." He tells the crowd "I can feel it gettin' better" after a mellow Since I've Been Loving You.
There is a slight cut in the tape during the final verse of The Rain Song. As the song ends, Plant announces "John Paul Jones played the orchestra" joking "that wasn't Woody Herman folks, it was John Paul Jones." Dazed and Confused is a somewhat lackluster affair. The song gets off to a lazy start during the initial verses. Page's fingers get stuck in the strings during the guitar solo/workout section, which comes off as a bit hurried and uninspired. The recording ends abruptly as Plant is talking to the crowd about "improvement" following Stairway to Heaven.
The tape is an excellent soundboard recording.
Labels: BD, CD, DAC, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS
Day 154: 5/16/1973 Houston, TX
5/16/1973 Houston, TX (master transfer)
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven*, Moby Dick*, Heartbreaker*, Whole Lotta Love*, Communication Breakdown*
*- Going Down
The tape begins just as Rock and Roll crashes into motion. Celebration Day is played at a frantic pace with Plant rushing to squeeze all the lyrics in. Page shreds through an angry guitar solo as Bonzo hammers at his drums with relentless intensity during Black Dog. Since I've Been Loving You is incredibly powerful and aggressive. Unfortunately, the tape is cut during Page's blistering guitar solo. No Quarter is introduced as a song "about man's passage through life... and the traumas." Jones's piano solo is punctuated by a barrage of thunderous cannon fire courtesy of Bonzo.
The lead-in to the bow solo during Dazed and Confused is a cacophonous wall of sound with Page's frenzied soloing slicing through the dissonant roar like a razor blade. The taper's equipment is on the brink of being totally destroyed by the brutal sonic assault of the guitar solo/workout section. An utterly devastating performance. As Moby Dick ends, Plant introduces "Mick Hinton, the greatest road manager that ever hit the west." Page's fingers get a bit sticky during the solos in Heartbreaker. Whole Lotta Love features a rare rendition of Don Nix's Going Down prior to the Boogie Chillen' section. The band closes the show with a quick and dirty Communication Breakdown.
The audience tape is quite noisy and distorted. The soundboard tape is very clear, although Page is a bit buried in the mix at times.
Day 153: 5/14/1973 New Orleans, LA
5/14/1973 New Orleans, LA The Witch Queen
The band is full of power and energy as Rock and Roll comes thundering out of the gate. As Black Dog ends, Plant announces "I tell you one thing, we gotta get these lights down... it's pretty pointless, us bringin' our own lights, if we got these things goin' on" adding "Mr. Cole, can you take your dress off and get these lights turned down please?" Someone near the taper shouts "turn off the fuckin' lights!" as Plant attempts to get the crowd to sit down following Over the Hills and Far Away.
Plant starts the second verse of Misty Mountain Hop early before backtracking to catch up with the band. Page is absolutely on fire during a fantastic Since I've Been Loving You. Plant forgets a line during the first verse of No Quarter, mumbling along in an attempt to cover his mistake. The instrumental section is excellent, despite Page's fingers getting a bit sticky during the guitar solo. There is a slight cut in the tape near the end of The Rain Song. Plant introduces Dazed and Confused as "an oldie, but goodie." The band plays a bit of Crossroads prior to another excellent San Francisco interlude during the lead-in to the bow solo. Page shreds through the guitar solo. The workout section is beyond description. A truly ming-blowing performance, one of the best thus far.
Plant announces "I think Jimmy's just bought Bourbon Street" before Stairway to Heaven. Bonzo is introduced as "the drag queen of New Orleans" before Moby Dick. Page misses his cue and comes in a few bars late at the beginning of the song. His fingers get stuck in the strings a bit during the a cappella solo in Heartbreaker. The end of the guitar solo section merges seamlessly with the beginning of Whole Lotta Love. Page blazes through the guitar solo during the Boogie Chillen' section. Plant repeatedly shouts "ain't nothin' but a hound dog!" before unleashing a series of blood-curdling screams during the coda. The band closes the show with an excellent high-energy Communication Breakdown.
The tape is primarily an excellent, three-dimensional audience recording with a few small gaps filled with a rather dry soundboard recording. There is a bit of hiss during the quieter passages.
Day 152: 5/13/1973 Mobile, AL
5/13/1973 Mobile, AL Bertha Remaster
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Moby Dick
The tape begins with a brief soundcheck before Rock and Roll crashes into motion. Page blazes through an excellent guitar solo during Over the Hills and Far Away. Plant greets the crowd with a mispronounced "alaikum salaam" before introducing Misty Mountain Hop. Since I've Been Loving You is dramatic and powerful. As the song ends, Plant tells the crowd "that was somethin' off the third album which we always will play as long as we're in existence." No Quarter is absolutely fantastic. Before The Song Remains the Same, Plant comments "it seems so early really to do a concert, y'know... we only got outta bed about two-thirty... I just finished me bacon and egg and here we are!" The Rain Song is beautiful.
The guitar solo/workout section during Dazed and Confused is flawlessly epic. Page solos wildly during the outro. An amazing performance. Plant shouts the final verse of Stairway to Heaven. As the song ends, he announces "we've been together now over five years and we've come to America a total of ten times... and the English tax people are quite pleased about this, cause they're rippin' us off terrible... we decided to live somewhere between America and England... and it's pretty wet, but we're gonna have to do it." Before Moby Dick, Bonzo is introduced as "one of our favorite members of the group, a rather fat, chubby, happy fellow... full of shit and speed... I'm not talkin' about the drag queen from New Orleans, I'm talkin' about John Henry Bonham!" Unfortunately, the tape is cut just as the song ends, leaving us without the rest of this excellent performance. Must hear.
The tape is a stunning soundboard recording.
Labels: *Must Hear*, BD, CD, DAC, MD, MMH, NQ, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS
Day 151: 5/5/1973 Tampa, FL
5/5/1973 Tampa, FL Pigeon Blood
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Moby Dick, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, The Ocean, Communication Breakdown
The first recording of the band's record-breaking 1973 North American tour begins with an announcer saying simply "ladies and gentlemen, what more can I say... Led Zeppelin." As the band performs a brief soundcheck, Plant announces "it seems between us we've done somethin' nobody's done before... and that's fantastic" referring to tonight's show breaking the attendance record previously held by The Beatles for their concert at Shea Stadium in 1965.
The show gets off to a bit of a sluggish start with Rock and Roll. Page's fingers get stuck in the strings during the guitar solo. The finale leads directly into the first appearance of Celebration Day since 6/9/1972. Page's guitar solo is underscored by some excellent funky fretwork from Jones. The familiar Out on the Tiles intro to Black Dog has been dropped in favor of the riff from Bring it on Home. Plant demands "louder!" during his call and response with the crowd. The non-stop pace doesn't let up as the finale immediately gives way to Page's intro to Over the Hills and Far Away. Plant's voice is quite rough, having lost the momentum gained a month earlier in Paris. Page gets ahead of the band at the end of the guitar solo, creating a funky new arrangement. As the song ends, Plant asks the crowd "did anybody ever make the Orlando gig that we did last time?" adding "so we're in the same country, yeah?"
The crowd becomes restless during a laid-back Since I've Been Loving You, with a few people near the taper repeatedly shouting at those in front of them to sit down. Plant pleads with the crowd to ease up on the barriers before introducing the first appearance of No Quarter. One particularly agitated gentleman near the taper shouts quite angrily "sit your asses down goddammit!" during the first verse. As the song ends, Plant introduces "the mighty John Paul Jones on synthesized piano!"
Before Dazed and Confused, Plant warns "we want this to be a really joyous occasion, I gotta tell you this because three people have been taken to hospital and if you keep pushin' on that barrier, there's gonna be stacks and stacks of people goin'... so for goodness sake, we are animals, but we can move back a little bit." Page shreds through the first guitar solo. The workout section is a bit disjointed. The outro starts out promising with Page soloing wildly over Bonzo's syncopated rhythms, but everything falls apart when the band can't decide how to end the song. Plant tells the crowd "I've joined the Temperance Society where I no longer drink beer... I just drink lemons and honeys" before Stairway to Heaven.
Prior to the first appearance of Moby Dick since 10/9/1972, Plant announces "and now for something entirely different... for the tenth time in United States of America, ladies and gentlemen... for the tenth time in five years, we bring you our percussionist... John Henry Bonham, Moby Dick!" As the drum solo ends, the band skips the return of the main riff, jumping directly into Heartbreaker. Page blazes through the solos. The band skips the final verse, heading straight into Whole Lotta Love at the end of the guitar solo. The Everybody Needs Somebody to Love section has been dropped entirely from the new stripped-down arrangement. Plant once again makes mention of the record-breaking crowd during his boogie rap, saying "fifty-seven thousand people is four thousand more than the people that were at The Beatles' Shea Stadium, gotta boogie!" The medley has been stripped of its classics, leaving only the Boogie Chillen' jam.
The Ocean is preceded by the first appearance of Bonzo's signature count-in. Plant sings the verses out of order, causing a bit of confused hesitation. The band returns to close the show with Communication Breakdown. As they exit the stage, Plant leaves the crowd with a simple "goodnight."
The tape is a combination of two sources, both very clear and well-balanced. The first source is a bit noisy in the high end at times.
Thirty-three seconds of color footage shot from very close to the stage by a local news team, including brief clips of Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, and Black Dog, can be seen here.
Day 150: 4/2/1973 Paris, France
4/2/1973 Paris, France Vive Le Zeppelin
Rock and Roll, Over the Hills and Far Away, Black Dog, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, Dancing Days, Bron-Y-Aur Stomp, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Whole Lotta Love
The tape begins with Rock and Roll already in progress. Plant is in good form, belting out each line of Black Dog with power and bravado. This is the best he's sounded all year. Misty Mountain Hop is introduced as "a song about the English police and a bad case of hashish." Page is on fire during an incredibly powerful Since I've Been Loving You. As the song ends, Plant complains "I can't hear me'self, I don't know whether anybody else can."
The Song Remains the Same is utterly devastating, balanced perfectly by the delicate beauty of The Rain Song. Unfortunately, the latter is cut during the final verse. Page solos wildly during the frantic lead-in to the bow solo in Dazed and Confused. The instrumental machinery is unstoppable during the guitar solo/workout section. Bonzo and Jones are locked into each other as Page's fingers fly across the fretboard in a furious cascade of notes. Bonzo hammers at his drums with unbelievable intensity during the finale. Someone in the crowd can be heard mimicking Plant's Immigrant Song Valhalla cry before Stairway to Heaven. There are a few slight speed fluctuations during the initial verses.
Page hints at Knees Up Mother Brown before Whole Lotta Love, which is preceded by an erratic, angry intro. The theramin freakout is followed by a frenzied stop-start jam before the explosive Everybody Needs Somebody to Love section. Plant's boogie rap is interrupted by a blistering rendition of Don Nix's Going Down, its first appearance since 6/11/1972. Page blazes through the guitar solo during Boogie Chillen'. Unfortunately, the recording ends just as the band finishes an excellent rendition of Elvis Presley's (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care. An amazing finale to the phenomenal 1973 European tour. Must Hear.
The tape is clear and well-balanced, if a bit overloaded at times, with a great sense of atmosphere.
Labels: *Must Hear*, BD, BYAS, DAC, DD, MMH, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
4/1/1973 Paris, France (2nd gen)
The tape begins just as Rock and Roll crashes into motion. There is a slight cut during Page's intro to Over the Hills and Far Away. The tape is cut between songs. Page blazes through the guitar solo during Black Dog. As the song ends, Plant asks the crowd to stop throwing bottles. There is a brief dropout during the intro to Since I've Been Loving You. Plant's voice is surprisingly strong, having finally adjusted ti his new range. He unleashes a spine-chilling squeal near the end of the song. An incredibly powerful performance.
Plant introduces The Song Remains the Same as "a track from Houses of the Holy... of which one famous English journalist said we'd lost our way" adding "this is the way we lose our way." Page's fingers fly across the fretboard during the guitar solos. The lead-in to the bow solo during Dazed and Confused features a heavy start-stop battle prior to the San Francisco interlude. Page shreds through the guitar solo/workout section. The medley during Whole Lotta Love includes Boogie Chillen', Elvis Presley favorites (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care and Let's Have a Party, I Can't Quit You Baby, and The Lemon Song. There is a dropout just before the excellent blues improvisation. The recording ends with the song as the crowd goes wild.
The tape is noisy, hissy, and plagued by tape issues, but the strong performances shines through.
Labels: BD, BYAS, DAC, DD, MMH, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 148: 3/27/1973 Nancy, France
3/27/1973 Nancy, France Heavy Machinery
Rock and Roll, Over the Hills and Far Away, Black Dog, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Whole Lotta Love
The tape begins during Page's guitar solo in Rock and Roll. Plant apologizes to the crowd for the show's late start before Black Dog, saying "it's not our fault... the promoter... un grand cochon." Someone near the taper mimics and sings along during a powerful Since I've Been Loving You. There is a brief cut in the tape just before the end of the song. Dancing Days and Bron-Y-Aur Stomp have been dropped from the setlist tonight. Plant flubs the lyrics a bit during the initial verses of The Song Remains the Same. Bonzo's stop-start rhythm gets a bit disjointed during the guitar solo. There are a few slight cuts near the end of The Rain Song.
Plant introduces Dazed and Confused as "a song that comes from a long time ago when Led Zeppelin was born." The end of Page's bow solo is interrupted by a loud squeal of feedback. There is a cut in the tape during the funky breakdown in the middle of the somewhat disjointed guitar solo/workout section. Page's intro to Stairway to Heaven is cut, leaving us at the beginning of the first verse. Another cut during the guitar solo leaves us at the very end of the song. Whole Lotta Love begins during the chorus prior to the theramin freakout. The raucous medley includes Boogie Chillen', Elvis Presley staples (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care and Let's Have a Party, I Can't Quit You Baby, which features another excellent blues improvisation, and The Lemon Song.
The tape is a bit distant and muffled, slowly deteriorating over time.
Labels: BD, DAC, MMH, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 148: 3/26/1973 Lyon, France
3/26/1973 Lyon, France (unknown gen)
Dazed and Confused, Whole Lotta Love, Heartbreaker
The tape begins as Plant is introducing Dazed and Confused. The song is cut during Page's bow solo. The taper can be heard announcing the name of the venue and date before we join the Whole Lotta Love medley, with I Can't Quit You Baby already in progress. Page is on fire during the blues improvisation. As the song ends, Plant announces "bon soir!" to which the crowd responds with roaring cheers. The recording ends with a blistering performance of Heartbreaker.
The tape is noisy, distorted, and hissy. For completists only.
Labels: DAC, HB, WLL
Day 147: 3/24/1973 Offenburg, Germany
3/24/1973 Offenburg, Germany (2nd gen>dat>cdr)
Rock and Roll, Over the Hills and Far Away, Black Dog, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, Bron-Y-Aur Stomp, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Whole Lotta Love, Heartbreaker
The tape begins just as Rock and Roll crashes into motion. There is a brief tape disturbance during Over the Hills and Far Away. Plant introduces Misty Mountain Hop as "a song about what happens when a policeman walks up to you and catches you with the wrong thing in your hand" adding "this is a felony." Page is on fire during an incredibly powerful Since I've Been Loving You.
The Song Remains the Same is excellent, Page's fingers fly across the fretboard at lightning speed. Plant's voice is strong during The Rain Song, the heavy section is fantastic. Page solos wildly during the lead-in to the bow solo in Dazed and Confused. The San Francisco interlude is eerily beautiful. Bonzo and Jones play a bit of Machine Gun as Page begins the bow solo. The unstoppable instrumental machinery is in full swing during the guitar solo/workout section. The band skips the Mars, the Bringer of War section, heading into the transition back to the main riff early.
Page delivers a flawless solo during Stairway to Heaven. Plant introduces Whole Lotta Love as "a song that, everywhere around the world, seems to inspire a bit of good times." The theramin freakout is preceded by a frantic funky interlude with Plant encouraging the crowd to "do the James Brown!" The Everybody Needs Somebody to Love section ends in a cacophonous explosion, much like it did in Essen two nights earlier. The riotous medley includes Boogie Chillen', Elvis Presley favorites (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care and Let's Have a Party, I Can't Quit You Baby, and The Lemon Song. The blues improvisation is once again nothing short of amazing. The band returns to the stage amidst chants of "one more time!" to close the show with Heartbreaker. Page shreds through the a cappella solo. As the band exits the stage, Plant leaves the crowd with a simple "thank you, goodnight." An outstanding finale to the absolutely mind-blowing string of German concerts. Must hear.
The tape is very clear and well-balanced with a few slight disturbances throughout.
Labels: *Must Hear*, BD, BYAS, DAC, HB, MMH, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 146: 3/22/1973 Essen, Germany
3/22/1973 Essen, Germany Gracias!
Rock and Roll, Over the Hills and Far Away, Black Dog, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, Dancing Days, Bron-Y-Aur Stomp, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Whole Lotta Love, Heartbreaker
Following Over the Hills and Far Away, Plant announces "we must ask you to cool everything for about three minutes cause James's guitar is a bit fucked." He jokes with the crowd during the break, telling them "we're very happy to be back again... for one year, Zeppelin doesn't work too hard, but this year we work hard all the time... because we have no money." Since I've Been Loving You finds the band at its most efficient. Their playing is wonderfully restrained, yet intensely powerful. A fantastic performance. The Song Remains the Same is quite fragmentary. The Rain Song is beautiful. Bonzo is like an out of control locomotive during the frantic lead-in to the bow solo in Dazed and Confused. The guitar solo/workout section begins with a barrage of machine gun snare blasts. Bonzo thrashes wildly at anything within reach during the funky breakdown prior to the call and response section. The Mars, the Bringer of War section features an devastatingly heavy stop-start rhythm. Yet another amazing performance.
The band plays a tongue-in-cheek Big Spender interlude prior to Whole Lotta Love. The theramin freakout is followed by a frantic rhumba. Plant gets ahead of the band during the Everybody Needs Somebody to Love section, which includes a bit of Turn on Your Love Light before ending in a high-speed cacophonous explosion. The medley includes Boogie Chillen', Elvis Presley's (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care and Let's Have a Party, I Can't Quit You Baby, and The Lemon Song. Following a long pause, the band plays a bit of Move It before closing the show with Heartbreaker. As the band leaves the stage, Plant says "thank you very much Essen, you've been very nice... see you again, three years!"
The tape is a combination of two sources. The audience recording is fairly clear, if a bit muffled at times. The soundboard recording, which includes most of Dazed and Confused and Whole Lotta Love, is excellent.
Labels: BD, BYAS, DAC, DD, HB, MMH, OTHAFA, RAR, SIBLY, STH, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 145: 3/21/1973 Hamburg, Germany
3/21/1973 Hamburg, Germany Legendary Night in Hamburg
Black Dog, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, Dancing Days, Bron-Y-Aur Stomp, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Whole Lotta Love, The Ocean
The tape begins just before Black Dog. Plant pauses during the call and response with the crowd when no one responds. A barrage of shouted requests for How Many More Times comes from the crowd as Plant attempts to introduce Bron-Y-Aur Stomp. Page plays a bit of Layla before The Song Remains the Same. He's absolutely on fire during the guitar solos, playing with lightning-fast precision. There is a cut in the tape near the end of The Rain Song.
Page solos wildly as Bonzo thrashes angrily at anything within reach and Plant repeatedly shouts "got a cold sweat!" during the lead-in to the bow solo in Dazed and Confused. Plant unleashes a few Tarzan-like wails at the end of the bow solo. Page absolutely shreds through the first guitar solo. Bonzo is like an unstoppable blitzkrieg, hammering away with unbelievable force. The instrumental machinery is in full swing during the amazing workout section. Each line of the final verse is punctuated by a machine gun snare blast from Bonzo. The outro features an excellent stop-start rhythm as Page's fingers race up and down the fretboard. A devastatingly heavy performance. One of the best thus far.
Plant introduces Stairway to Heaven as "a beautiful song." Unfortunately, the tape is cut during Page's guitar solo. The theramin freakout during Whole Lotta Love is bookended by a frenzied funky jam, the latter part of which includes someone playing bongos or congas. The explosive Everybody Needs Somebody to Love section is preceded by an erratic drum solo interlude from Bonzo. Plant sings a brief reference to D'yer Mak'er during the breakdown. The riotous medley includes Boogie Chillen', Elvis Presley favorites (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care and Let's Have a Party, which again includes the final fanfare repeated ad nauseam before I Can't Quit You Baby, featuring yet another incredible blues improvisation, and The Lemon Song. The band closes the show with The Ocean.
The tape is a combination of two sources. The audience recording, which runs through the beginning of Dazed and Confused, is distant and a bit muffled. The soundboard recording is excellent, if a bit hissy during the quiet passages, and runs through the end of Whole Lotta Love when the audience recording returns for The Ocean. The soundboard tape alone is worth the price of admission.
Labels: BD, BYAS, DAC, DD, MMH, SIBLY, STH, TO, TRS, TSRTS, WLL
Day 144: 3/19/1973 Berlin, Germany
3/19/1973 Berlin, Germany Happy Times
Plant's voice continues to cause him trouble, forcing him to adopt a raspy tone as he tries to salvage the melody during Over the Hills and Far Away. Since I've Been Loving You is dramatic and powerful. Plant's injured moans add a mournful tone to the song. The Song Remains the Same features a flawless guitar solo from Page. Plant's vocals are drenched in echo during The Rain Song. Page plays a bit of Stuck in the Middle With You as Plant jokingly tells the crowd "sorry, but Whole Lotta Love was recorded by Jethro Tull" prior to Dazed and Confused. Page is absolutely on fire during the guitar solo/workout section. The return to the main riff is utterly devastating. A truly epic performance. There is a cut in the tape just as the song ends.
Plant introduces Stairway to Heaven as "a song that was written in the hope that one or two people would enjoy it... perhaps there's two people here tonight." He sings a line from Please Please Me before introducing Whole Lotta Love as "a song that really invokes the finest physical feelings in a person without violence, and it's usually called sex." The explosive Everybody Needs Somebody to Love section is preceded by an excellent funky jam. The medley includes Boogie Chillen', a raucous rendition of Elvis Presley's (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care, and Let's Have a Party, during which Plant's microphone cuts out briefly. The band repeats the final fanfare a number of times before finishing the medley with I Can't Quit You Baby, which features another amazing blues improvisation, and The Lemon Song. As the band leaves the stage, Plant announces "Elvis Presley has now left the building, goodnight!"
The tape is a bit distant and noisy in the high end until a source change early in Whole Lotta Love to an excellent soundboard recording.
Month Six: June 2008
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Day 166: 7/12/1973 Detroit, MI
7/12/1973 Detroit, MI (master>vhs>dat>cdr)
Rock and Roll, Celebration Day, Black Dog, Over the Hills and Far Away, Misty Mountain Hop, Since I've Been Loving You, No Quarter, The Song Remains the Same, The Rain Song, Dazed and Confused, Stairway to Heaven, Moby Dick, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, Communication Breakdown, The Ocean
The tape begins during the final minute of Rock and Roll. Plant's voice starts out a bit rough, taking a few songs to warm up. Following a request that the crowd stop throwing firecrackers, Plant dedicates Misty Mountain Hop to "the loss of brain cells." Since I've Been Loving You is elegantly restrained. The instrumental section during No Quarter is fantastic. Unfortunately, there are a few brief dropouts near the end of Page's guitar solo. The taper can be heard fiddling with his equipment during the first verse of The Rain Song.
Page solos wildly during the lead-in to the bow solo in Dazed and Confused. The band is on fire during the frantic guitar solo/workout section. There is a cut in the tape during Page's call and response with Plant. Page's fingers dance across the fretboard during the guitar solo in Stairway to Heaven. Plant introduces Moby Dick as "a number that receives great popularity and ovations almost everywhere cause it's sheer... intense... beauty." Unfortunately, the majority of the drum solo is missing from the tape, leaving us with only the intro/outro and a few fragments in between. As Bonzo is taking his final solo break at the end of the song, the taper can be heard saying "this is boring" before commenting to one of his friends "look, the guitarist and bass player look bored to death."
Plant can be heard whistling along as Page hints at The 59th Street Bridge Song at the end of the a cappella solo during Heartbreaker. Page absolutely shreds through the fast guitar solo. Bonzo and Jones hold down a frantic stop-start rhythm as Page's theramin squeals in ecstasy during Whole Lotta Love. Plant's boogie rap gives way to another excellent rendition of Don Nix's Going Down. Bonzo thrashes wildly at his drums as Page blazes through the guitar solo during the Boogie Chillen' section. As the band returns to the stage, Bonzo announces "as you know, I've never sung a note... but on this track, I'm allowed to shout!" before counting in to the show-closing The Ocean. The obnoxious taper can be heard providing off-key backing vocals throughout the song.
The tape is fairly clear, if a bit muffled and noisy in the high end, with Page slightly buried in the mix at times.
dragonspirit said...
Dazed and Confused is a highlight of this show for me. Creative guitar work by Jimmy on this track and on some others.
By the way, I think it's JPJ who makes that comment before the Ocean, not Bonzo.
No, it's Bonzo...
Day 172: 7/21/1973 Providence, RI
Day 171: 7/20/1973 Boston, MA
Day 170: 7/18/1973 Vancouver, British Columbia
Day 168: 7/15/1973 Buffalo, NY
Day 165: 7/10/1973 Milwaukee, WI
Month Seven: July 2008
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The number of inter-provincial travel orders increased 413% year on year in summer, and the average ticket price exceeded 1,000 yuan
With schools and colleges closing, summer travel in 2021 is already heating up. On July 16, Shen Jiani, a senior researcher at the Strategic Research Center of Ctrip Research Institute, told the 21st Century Business Herald that this year's summer tour orders have increased by more than 10 times compared with the same period in 2020, and the number of summer travel orders across provinces has increased by 413 percent year-on-year.
At the beginning of July, the flight manager released the "2021 Summer Transport Forecast Data Report", which is expected to total 967,745 planned flights of civil aviation in 2021, an increase of 2.88% compared with 2019 and nearly 38.07% compared with 2020.
To cope with the unusually strong passenger flow, China National Railway Group (CRC) said it expects 750 million trips to be made on China's railways during the 62 days of summer travel this year, basically the same as in 2019, and nearly 14 million trips will be made on peak days. Major airlines have also increased capacity, with China Eastern airlines saying it plans to carry out 180,000 flights in July and August, with more than 5,000 of its larger aircraft. Hna plans to fly nearly 2,000 routes during the summer travel period, carrying out about 140,000 flights, carrying more than 18 million passengers, with the year-on-year growth of about 40%, exceeding the level of the same period in 2019 before the epidemic.
As the quantity goes up, so does the price. As of July 15, according to qunar, the number of domestic flights has exceeded that of the same period in 2019, with the average ticket price exceeding 1,000 yuan. Hotel bookings have exceeded the same period in 2019 by 30%, among which the proportion of high-star hotels increased by nearly 10%.
An explosion of multiple factors
The 21st Century Business Report learned from ctrip, Qunar, Tongchengtou.com, Hornet's Nest and other OTA platforms that people are willing to travel this summer, and the number of trips is expected to hit a record high.
According to ctrip statistics, this year's summer tour group and independent travel orders increased more than 10 times compared with the same period in 2020, and summer travel orders across provinces increased 413% year on year.
There are some special factors for the high numbers. Travel during the summer, there are numerous customers is the primary and middle school students and their families, China last summer in most parts of the middle and primary schools have travel restrictions, and effectively control the epidemic at home this year, the domestic middle and primary school gradually adjusted to the student summer travel restrictions, as a result, this summer, primary school students in the group (aged 8 to 18) account for more than 20% of the back, More than 300% over the same period last year.
Search and page views are the most direct reflection of what people want. Tongcheng released the "2021 Summer Vacation Resident Travel and Travel Trend Forecast Report", which showed that the search and page views of flights in July and August on tongcheng travel platform in the first two weeks of June increased by 120.2% compared with the same period in 2020 and 13.4% compared with the same period in 2019. Search page views for train tickets departing in July increased by 150% compared with normal days.
The 21st Century Business Herald also learned from rucheng, a special membership-based resort booking platform, that the number of summer bookings this year increased by 47% compared with the same period in 2019.
Due to its membership booking platform feature of "advance booking is free", the average booking rate of this summer has exceeded 90% (96.69% in July and 85.17% in August). In order to welcome the summer season, as early as May and June, Cheng began to increase the number of summer home stay, a total of 121 new hotels.
It's worth noting that there have been some changes in tourist habits compared to 2019. According to data released by Qunar, parents are less anxious to book tickets for summer vacations in 2021. In summer 2019, nearly 40% of parents booked tickets more than a month in advance. Now, less than 30% of parents book tickets more than a month in advance, while those who book tickets one to two weeks in advance have increased by nearly 10% and those who book tickets four to seven days in advance by nearly 5%. So as kids get out of school and their summer homework is done, expect travel searches to grow as parents start planning trips.
In addition, according to the survey data provided by Tongcheng, 64% of the respondents clearly said that they have travel plans this summer, and 87.4% of them plan to travel across provinces and cities.
Cheng Chaogong, chief researcher of Tongcheng Research Institute, believes that the high willingness to travel in the medium and long term indicates that residents have high confidence in tourism consumption this summer, which will be the biggest support for the recovery of the summer tourism market this year. In the summer vacation of 2020, due to the impact of the epidemic, people's confidence in long-term travel was insufficient. As the epidemic prevention and control situation is stable and improving, the confidence of long-term travel consumption has been on the track of recovery since the National Day Golden Week in 2020.
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Address: 6-12 / F, Zhuozhan Times Square, 1255 Chongqing Road, near Zhuozhan shopping center
Opened in 2003, Days Hotel Zhuozhan Changchun.
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in: 1990 Premieres, 1990 Endings, NBC Shows
Kid 'n Play
Kid 'n Play is a 1990 animated cartoon series based on the real life hip-hop duo, Kid 'n Play. It ran for one season on NBC from September 8 to December 8, 1990. On the show, Kid 'n Play were portrayed as teenagers, but their recording careers remained the same as in real life, as did their character traits. Production was by Marvel Productions and Saban Entertainment.
The real Kid 'n Play appeared in live-action wraparounds of the cartoons, but voice actors took over for the animated versions of the duo. The show stressed positive role models, teaching children how to get along with each other and stay out of trouble. Akin to the House Party films, Play was the less responsible member of the duo, cooking up get rich quick schemes, while Kid, the more responsible member, would usually be made to clean up messes. Oftentimes the issue would be resolved by the characters' girlfriends, or sometimes by an elderly jazz musician who wore a blue beret and was aptly named "Old Blue". The lessons ranged from serious to lighter fare. One of the "less serious" episodes dealt with Kid's father under the impression hip hop is bad and Kid not having the means to put it in a positive light. Old Blue offers to help by sending Kid on a trip back in time to the era of jazz and 1920s speakeasies to help better understand its roots.
Marvel Comics published a tie-in comic book which ran for nine issues in 1992.
The series was created by John Semper Jr. and Cynthia Friedlob who also served as the show-runners and head-writers. They would later go on to write Kid 'N Play's third live-action feature, Class Act, for Warner Bros. Semper would later produce and be the head-writer for "Spider-Man: The Animated Series," for Marvel Films Animation.
Christopher Reid as Himself (live-action segments)
Christopher Martin as Himself (live-action segments)
Jack Angel
Tommy Davidson as Jazzy, Acorn
Chris Hooks as Christopher Reid
J. D. Hall as Pitbull, Mr. Reid
Dorian Harewood as Old Blue
Martin Lawrence as Wiz, Hurbie
Dawnn Lewis as Lela
Brian Stokes Mitchell as Christopher Martin
Rain Pryor as B.B.
Alaina Reed
Terri Semper
Cree Summer as Marika, Downtown
Charlie Adler
Susan Blu
Tom McHugh
Rob Paulsen
Les Tremayne
Patric Zimmerman
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Ralph Garfield Ridenour
George Ridenour
Parent ID
Ypsilanti Gleanings, Winter 2010
Volume/Issue
Rights Held By
Ypsilanti Historical Society
(Much of the information in this article about my “Uncle Ralph” was obtained from members of the Ralph Ridenour family.)
Ralph Garfield Ridenour was born to his parents, William and Emma (Veniman) Ridenour, on March 9, 1921, at 868 Railroad Street in Ypsilanti. The family would grow to five boys and one girl. Ralph attended and graduated from the Ypsilanti Public Schools where he was an athlete and played on the high school football team.
His further education was with the Sales Analysis Institute in Chicago, Illinois, the Primary Mechanics School at the Air Force Base in Amarillo, Texas, the Boeing Airplane and Engine Specialist Training Program in Seattle, Washington and the Army Counter-Intelligence School in Baltimore, Maryland.
Ralph’s military experience was with the United States Army where he served for twenty-two years. He was stationed in Seattle, Washington and Savannah, Georga and for a time in both Italy and Germany. His primary assignment was a mechanic for B-29 aircraft. A letter found in his archives shows he was a Special Agent in the Counter Intelligence Corps, Home Detachment and Zone 5 – APO 512, U. S. Army. The letter dated June 12, 1946 commends him as follows: “…He has performed the tasks assigned to him in an excellent manner, displaying initiative and leadership in the organization of his work…Special Agent Ridenour’s assignment in the detachment has been in the investigative section…He has been of value to this office through his knowledge of photography, from photographing to the final development of good pictures.” This era of his life provided valuable education for future endeavors.
Ralph married to Miss Ila Pepper on August 17, 1941, in the West Side Methodist Church in Ann Arbor. The reception was held at the farm home of Mr. and Mrs. Pepper. Ila had graduated from Ann Arbor High School and at the time was working as a licensed Cosmetologist. Ralph at the time was employed by the French Home Equipment Company. Ralph and Ila had three daughters, Ellen, Rianda and Pamela and several grandchildren.
Daughter Ellen had the following to say about the reception at the farm. “I don’t know how many acres but there was a gigantic front lawn and a side yard with a driveway, a barn where grandpa dried tobacco leaves in the loft, a chicken coop, a spring house, and then there were the fields, woods and a stream in the back. The spring house was small and when the water got piped into the house it went away…Mom and I lived there quite a while when dad was away in the service…”
Ralph’s work in the areas of 3D holograms and lasers began with the Conductron Corporation of Ann Arbor where he served as an Assistant Research Engineer. Ralph described his duties as: “…I organized a mass production facility for 3-dimensional holograms. This included the selection, ordering and installation of equipment and the design and general supervision of construction of the necessary dark rooms, along with building the hologram viewing devices for which three ideas have been submitted to the Conductron Corporation for possible patent rights.” In September of 1968 Ralph was the Project Manager for Holographic Viewing Systems including the design and construction of prototypes. He worked closely with the Marketing and Sales Department to improve the advertising and display of company products.
Ralph spent 18 years affiliated with the University of Michigan where he perfected his skills as a photographer and researcher. The first eight years with the U of M he was assigned to the Photography Section of Willow Run Laboratories and then eight years with the Moving Target Indication Radar Laboratory. He described this experience as follows: “During this time a great number of field trips were made and I was responsible for all photography, recording and processing. Further, I was given the responsibility for writing, directing, photographing and editing a classified training film. It was eighteen minutes in length and was well received. During this time a great deal of time was spent researching different films and developers. Two years were spent working in the Optical Section of the Radar Optics Laboratory. The primary concern was lasers and holography. We were charged with photographing hundreds of set-ups in the labs, studio work, micro-photography, laser photography, holography and various other special photographic problems.
Later, Ralph worked at Argus Incorporated in Ann Arbor. He supervised twenty employees involved in the grinding and polishing of camera lenses. Ralph in his spare time enjoyed photography. A quiet man, he lived with Ila and his three daughters on a quiet, tree lined street in Ann Arbor. He was a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, the West Side Methodist Church and served as President of the Bach School Parent Teacher Organization. His photography appeared in technical journals and newspapers. He was hired by Life Magazine to do laboratory work in conjunction with their special 1966 photographic issue as well as future editions.
Finally, after almost 35 years he retired from what was then known as ERIM. He engaged in an active retirement of travel and working with his daughter and son-in-law in a flower shop. At his retirement, Ralph remembered his work at Willow Run as follows: “When I first arrived at Willow Run, they were testing rocket engines for NASA. We had a remote motion picture camera set up, and in addition, I had to take still shots. The only problem was that when an engine wasn’t working right it usually caught fire and so did everything else. The test facility was rebuilt more often that I can remember.”
A grandson of Ralph’s remembers the following: “Grandpa told me that during his senior year he performed a solo in a concert given by his high school choir at Greenfield Village. Henry Ford Sr. was in the audience and when Grandpa sang, he told the person next to him, who was head of the Village, to hire Grandpa as a tour guide because of his strong voice. That was in 1939 and a job was a good thing. After graduation, he went directly to work acting as a guide in the Lincoln Courthouse in the Village. After a couple of weeks, though, he was moved to the outdoor silkworm demonstration. Apparently the other guides, even those inside the buildings next door to the Courthouse, were complaining because he was too loud. The silkworm machine makes some noise and being outdoors his voice was perfect for it.”
Finally, Ralph’s daughter Ellen related: “What Ralph Ridenour did was to set up the cameras that were used and develop the pictures. He developed the moon pictures and the Landsat pictures from the satellites that went around the world taking pictures of land and water masses.”
Later in life Ralph was diagnosed with an eye condition that had the potential of destroying his eyesight. However, he was able, in his retirement, to take over 5,000 photographs from all over the world. Ralph died October 13, 1994. Although little is known outside his work, home and church, he had a major impact on the development of 3-D, holograms and lasers. Ralph was another “Ypsi” boy who accomplished a great deal during his lifetime and never forgot his roots.
(George Ridenour is an historian and researcher, a regular contributor to the Gleanings, and a volunteer in the YHS Archives.)
Photo Captions:
Photo 1: Ralph Ridenour’s work in photography involved the development of 3-D, holograms and lasers.
Photo 2: The William Ridenour family: (front row – L to R) William, Goldie, Ralph and Emma (back row – L to R) Dale, Glen, Lloyd and Howard.
Photo 3: Ralph developed the moon pictures and the Landsat pictures from satallites.
Photo 4: Ralph (second from right in second row) played football on the Ypsilanti High School team.
Ypsilanti Gleanings
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Capitol Riot Anniversary Prompts Agencies to Root Out Extremists
Earlier pro-Jan. 6 rally plans called to kidnap lawmakers
Complex threats challenge agencies, DHS official says
December 15, 2021 5:04 PM By Ellen M. Gilmer
U.S. intelligence officials are evaluating the likelihood of a resurgence of violence on the anniversary of the Jan. 6 attack on the Capitol and say they’re in a stronger position to root out any threats that arise.
Federal agencies are in closer contact with their state and local counterparts, and officials at all levels are more focused on public platforms used to plan violent extremism, John Cohen, counterterrorism coordinator at the Department of Homeland Security, said during a virtual discussion Wednesday.
“From the standpoint of what we will see on Jan. 6, 2022, we’re still evaluating that, but what has changed since last Jan. 6 is significant,” he said during the discussion hosted by the National Counterterrorism Innovation, Technology, and Education Center and George Washington University’s Program on Extremism.
Victor J. Blue/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Demonstrators walk through the U.S. Capitol in Washington Jan. 6, 2021 after breaching barricades to protest lawmakers’ debating Joe Biden’s November 2020 presidential victory in the Electoral College.
Intelligence agencies now look more seriously at public information on social media, have built closer relationships with state and local partners, and have aimed to publicize potential threats and responses, said Cohen, who’s also acting head of DHS’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis.
He pointed to the federal response to a September demonstration in support of Jan. 6 defendants. DHS initially adopted a hands-off approach, sizing up the planned event as a peaceful gathering. The agency mobilized after seeing threats to kidnap members of Congress, attack houses of worship deemed liberal by demonstrators, and incite violence with counter-protesters.
“Once we saw those calls for violence, that’s when we began looking at that information more closely,” he said. DHS and the FBI shared the information with state and local officials, the U.S. Park Police, and others, and issued a heightened security designation for the event—which hadn’t occurred for Jan. 6.
DHS publicized those actions in part to deter attendance, and the rally ended up being “low profile,” Cohen said.
U.S. Issues Heightened Security Designation for Pro-Jan. 6 Rally
Playing Catch-Up
The overall threat environment in the U.S. has become more volatile and complicated even since June, when the Biden administration released a multi-agency strategy to combat domestic extremism, Cohen said.
Domestic terrorism, foreign threats, cyber attacks, and disinformation campaigns are increasingly “commingling,” he said, which can create challenges for intelligence and law enforcement officials accustomed to categorizing threats neatly and using outdated playbooks to respond.
Cohen cited the 2021 mass shooting at a FedEx Corp. facility in Indianapolis after the shooter was flagged as high risk. “That is not the exception,” he said, adding that law enforcement and intelligence officials need to move to a “new paradigm” that allows them to better assess risk and prevent violence.
“My concern is that there are some in the federal government who are still playing catch-up,” he said. That’s because modern threats don’t always fit the traditional terrorism mold, so “it sometimes is a little bit of a challenge to get folks to understand how this fits into the current threat environment,” he said.
Cohen stressed, however, that he’s optimistic U.S. officials will be able to build a more protective system.
“We will get this right, and we are steadily making improvement across the country in our ability to address this threat,” he said. “But it is complicated.”
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22 January 2019 News Releases, Academic, Librarian
University of Lille Chooses Ex Libris Alma and Primo Solutions
Ex Libris, a ProQuest company, is pleased to announce the University of Lille has selected the cloud-based Alma library services platform and Primo discovery and delivery solution.
PARIS, FRANCE, January 22, 2019 – Ex Libris®, a ProQuest company, is pleased to announce that the University of Lille has selected the cloud-based Ex Libris Alma® library services platform and Primo® discovery and delivery solution. The decision to move from SirsiDynix Horizon™, Ex Libris Aleph®, and EBSCO Discovery Service™ was prompted by the merger of three universities (Lille 1, 2, and 3), creating the world’s largest French-speaking university.
Lille determined that modernizing their library management and discovery systems would facilitate collaboration and help the library manage its extensive print collection and large, fast-growing collection of electronic resources.
Julien Roche, director of the Lille libraries and learning centers, explained, “The University of Lille aims to deliver high-level services to support its learning, teaching, and research community. This means that the library network requires a robust, full-featured SaaS solution for the challenges we will face during the coming years. Alma and Primo will address these needs by providing a unified library services platform on which we can manage and make our print materials and e-resources accessible in a global, integrated manner.”
The Lille library network plans to take advantage of the openness of the Alma platform and Primo solution and put the large collection of APIs to use for developing and delivering innovative and personal services to its user community.
Ofer Mosseri, corporate vice president and general manager of Ex Libris EMEA, said, “The merger of three separate library systems is a major undertaking, and I am pleased that the University of Lille recognizes the expertise of Ex Libris, proven through hundreds of similar projects worldwide, and especially in France. We look forward to working closely with the university on this and future projects.”
About the University of Lille
The University of Lille is a multidisciplinary, research-intensive university whose researchers collaborate with many partners throughout Europe and the world. With 67,000 students (including 7,300 international students), 6,300 staff members, 66 research units, and diplomas in all fields of study, the University of Lille is a major player in the region in training, research, innovation, and its commitment to social issues.
For more information about the University of Lille, see its website and check it out on Facebook and Twitter.
About Ex Libris
Ex Libris, a ProQuest company, is a leading global provider of cloud-based solutions that enable institutions and their individual users to create, manage, and share knowledge. In close collaboration with its customers and the broader community, Ex Libris develops creative solutions that increase library productivity, maximize the impact of research activities, enhance teaching and learning, and drive student mobile engagement. Ex Libris serves over 7,500 customers in 90 countries. For more information about Ex Libris, see our website, and join us on Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, and Twitter.
About ProQuest (https://www.proquest.com)
ProQuest is committed to supporting the important work happening in the world’s research and learning communities. The company curates content that matters to the advancement of knowledge, assembling an archive of billions of vetted, indexed documents. It simplifies workflows so that people and institutions use time effectively. And because ProQuest connects information communities, complex networks of systems and processes work together efficiently. With ProQuest, finding answers and deriving insights is straightforward and leads to extraordinary outcomes.
ProQuest and its companies and affiliates – Ex Libris, Alexander Street, Bowker – stand for better research, better learning, better insights. ProQuest enables people to change their world.
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Dana Canedy Named Senior Vice President and Publisher of Simon & Schuster
July 6, 2020 Corporate Communications Corporate News, Simon & Schuster 0
NEW YORK, July 6—Dana Canedy has been named Senior Vice President and Publisher of the Simon & Schuster trade imprint, effective July 27. Ms. Canedy’s appointment was announced today by Jonathan Karp, President and CEO of Simon & Schuster, Inc., whom she succeeds in the position and to whom she will report.
Ms. Canedy has since 2017 been the Administrator of the Pulitzer Prizes, based at Columbia University, responsible for overseeing all aspects of the prestigious awards program in journalism, letters, and the arts.
Prior to joining the Pulitzers, Ms. Canedy spent 20 years at the New York Times, writing extensively on a broad range of topics including business and finance, race and class, terrorism, politics, law enforcement, and crime. She was a lead writer and editor on the Times series “How Race Is Lived in America,” which won the 2001 Pulitzer Prize for national reporting.
“The Simon & Schuster imprint has long been defined by books that explain and capture the spirit of the times, through works of journalism, history, memoir, lifestyle, fiction, or anything else that our editors want to champion, reflecting and shaping the cultural conversation of the moment,” said Jonathan Karp. “I am confident that as our new publisher, Dana can deepen our strengths while expanding our field of vision, combining broad editorial expertise with hands-on management skill and the proven ability to effect strategic change.”
Dana Canedy said: “I look forward to leading the storied Simon & Schuster flagship imprint, a publishing powerhouse that has long produced some of the most important and impactful books in our culture. We have an incredible legacy on which to build, and it is an honor for me to join this talented group of editors and publishing professionals as it continues to tell the stories that demand to be told, through the voices of so many of the best authors of our time.”
During her tenure at the Times, Ms. Canedy was also part of the senior management team, leading in areas including talent acquisition, management training, and staff development across media platforms. She also served as special advisor to the Times’ CEO and Executive Editor on strategic planning, change management, and diversity and inclusion practices.
Prior to joining the New York Times, Ms. Canedy was a reporter for the Cleveland Plain Dealer and the Palm Beach Post.
Ms. Canedy is also the author of the 2008 New York Times–bestselling memoir, A JOURNAL FOR JORDAN, about life with her war-hero partner and the journal he left behind for their infant son before he was killed in combat in Iraq, which was published in 10 countries. A screen adaptation of the book is set to begin production this fall, starring Michael B. Jordan and directed by Denzel Washington.
A founding board member of the Digital Diversity Network, Ms. Canedy also serves on the board of Project Morry, a nonprofit youth development organization that supports at-risk students. Ms. Canedy, 55, is a graduate of the University of Kentucky. She lives in New York City with her son.
Founded in 1924, the Simon & Schuster trade imprint is one of the most venerated brand names in the world of publishing, and is widely known as a powerhouse publisher of general fiction and nonfiction for readers of all tastes. Among the well-known and influential authors who call Simon & Schuster home are distinguished prize-winning historians and biographers Taylor Branch, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Walter Isaacson and David McCullough; journalists Susan Orlean and Bob Woodward; bestselling novelists Nelson DeMille, James Lee Burke, Megan Miranda, and Larry McMurtry (a winner of the Pulitzer Prize); and financial and management expert Ray Dalio. Recent bestselling titles include FREDERICK DOUGLASS: Prophet of Freedom by David Blight (winner of the Pulitzer Prize); MIDNIGHT IN CHERNOBYL by Adam Higginbotham (winner of the Andrew Carnegie Medal), SALT, FAT, ACID, HEAT by Samin Nosrat, THE BOOK OF GUTSY WOMEN by Hillary Rodham Clinton and Chelsea Clinton; and forthcoming works by Alex Trebek, Jerry Seinfeld, Halsey, Robert Putnam, and Gucci Mane.
Simon & Schuster, a ViacomCBS Company, is a global leader in general interest publishing, dedicated to providing the best in fiction and nonfiction for readers of all ages, and in all printed, digital and audio formats. Its distinguished roster of authors includes many of the world’s most popular and widely recognized writers, and winners of the most prestigious literary honors and awards. It is home to numerous well-known imprints and divisions such as Simon & Schuster, Scribner, Atria Books, Gallery Books, Adams Media, Simon & Schuster Children’s Publishing and Simon & Schuster Audio and international companies in Australia, Canada, India and the United Kingdom, and proudly brings the works of its authors to readers in more than 200 countries and territories. For more information visit our website at www.simonandschuster.com
Adam Rothberg
Senior Vice President, Corporate Communications
adam.rothberg@simonandschuster.com
07/06/20 ***END***
Dana Canedy, Imprint, New York Times, Publisher, Pulitzer, simon & schuster
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FeaturesHappeningsSee Do
Studio View (Chop Suey), ca. 1930s, watercolor on paper
Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth 3200 Darnell St., 817-738-9215, themodern.org
The winter shows at Fort Worth’s major museums are all worth taking the time to soak in a little culture during the holidays. New to the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth is the vibrant Milton Avery exhibition. With 70 pieces in the comprehensive show, you’ll see why he was highly regarded for his deft touch with color, especially in his landscapes and portraits. He was befriended by Mark Rothko while living in New York City in the 1930s, and Avery’s use of color and simple shapes influenced his fellow artist. Through Jan. 30
How the West was filmed
Dec. 19 will be a “gather around the TV” night, especially for those living in Fort Worth, Granbury and Weatherford, as Taylor Sheridan’s 1883 makes its debut on Paramount+. (If you don’t subscribe, we advise you not to wait until 10 minutes before the show to do so. Technical difficulties do happen.) A teaser trailer made an appearance during the season four premiere of Yellowstone, Sheridan’s hit contemporary Western set in Montana. Much of 1883, a prequel starring Sam Elliott, Tim McGraw and Faith Hill, was shot in the area, including the Fort Worth’s Stockyards, which were closed to the public during filming. Sheridan has deep Texas roots as he went to high school in Fort Worth and now has a ranch in Parker County.
Photo courtesy of Carla Curry
The escaramuza are the female rodeo queens of Mexico. Check them out Jan. 30 at an all-day competition. Photo courtesy FWSSR
Back in the saddle with the Fort Worth Stock Show & Rodeo
This “legendary” event, Jan. 14-Feb. 5, returns with a full lineup of livestock shows, rodeos, concerts and, of course, the auction finale. Events actually kick off Jan. 10 with the Chisholm Challenge Horse Show, where physically and mentally challenged equestrians from local therapeutic programs get to show off their equestrian skills and win prizes. It’s inspiring for participants and the audience. The All Western Parade (Jan. 15) always draws a crowd to downtown. There are numerous special events, too, such as fiddle showdowns, Sip & Shop wine tastings, a presentation of Zorro by Fort Worth Opera and much more. Wander through the barns and check out the livestock, everything from horses to rabbits. Rodeo events are held nightly. Schedule and tickets fwssr.com
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What type of DR was Martin Luther King?
What kind of leader was Dr Martin Luther King Jr?
Was Martin Luther King an Alpha?
Why is MLK called Doctor?
What did Dr Martin Luther King Jr believe in?
How did Martin Luther King show leadership?
When did Martin Luther King Jr pledge Alpha Phi Alpha?
What fraternity was Martin Luther King?
What fraternity was Michael Jordan in?
How many degrees did Martin Luther King have?
Did Martin Luther King go to college?
Is it Dr Martin Luther King?
What lesson did Martin Luther King teach others?
What did Martin Luther King do for America?
How did Martin Luther King fight for civil rights?
Martin Luther King Jr. earned a doctorate in systematic theology from Boston University in 1955. He’d previously earned a Bachelor of Arts from Morehouse College and a Bachelor of Divinity from Crozer Theological Seminary.
Martin Luther King, Jr., was a Baptist minister and social rights activist in the United States in the 1950s and ’60s. He was a leader of the American civil rights movement. He organized a number of peaceful protests as head of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, including the March on Washington in 1963.
King became a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity in 1952. He crossed through the Sigma Chapter (Boston Metro chapter) of the Alpha Phi Alpha, as a young graduate student at Boston University where he was working on his Doctorate of Philosophy.
IT IS INTERESTING: Who started the Baptist religion?
King earned a doctorate in systematic theology in 1955 from Boston University. He had a legitimate doctorate from an accredited institution. According to the internet he got a doctorate in systematic theology from Boston University in 1955. That makes him a doctor, worthy to be called doctor.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. believed in the use of peaceful demonstrations, acting with love and calm. Born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, King became 20th century America’s most compelling and effective civil rights leader.
He believed in nonviolent protests and made sure others followed him in this quest. His greatest leadership quality was integrity, which he showed when he gave his life for what he was fighting for. He also showed integrity by taking responsibility for his actions.
Martin Luther King, Jr., who was initiated into Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, on June 22, 1952, exemplified those ideals.
Little is shared publicly about Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr’s contributions to his beloved fraternity, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Incorporated (the first African-American intercollegiate Greek-lettered fraternity).
IT IS INTERESTING: Which Sunday after Pentecost is it today?
That cover showed the symbol on MJ’s left chest. The piece is an omega horseshoe, which symbolizes his commitment to the black fraternity Omega Psi Phi. He joined the fraternity during his time with the University of North Carolina.
The Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.
Relatives Christine King Farris (sister) Alfred Daniel Williams King (brother) Alveda King (niece)
Education Morehouse College (BA) Crozer Theological Seminary (BDiv) Boston University (PhD)
Occupation Baptist minister activist
Мартин Лютер Кинг/Университеты
Martin Luther King, Jr. was a social activist and Baptist minister who played a key role in the American civil rights movement from the mid-1950s until his assassination in 1968.
He showed us our lives must be lived intentionally and without regret, that words mean something and we must speak up in the face of injustice. He taught us that it is one thing to say you have an idea and quite another to act on it. And the man’s courage still inspires millions of people today.
Martin Luther King, Jr. was an activist and pastor who promoted and organized non-violent protests. He played a pivotal role in advancing civil rights in America and has won a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to fight racial inequality in a non-violent matter.
King was elected president. Inspired by the ideals of nonviolence espoused by Mahatma Gandhi, he promoted civil disobedience as the best method to fight for civil rights. The SCLC led sit-ins and marches for various local causes, all with the aim to end segregation and disenfranchisement of black voters.
IT IS INTERESTING: What are the Catholic Gospels?
You asked: What does Apostle mean in the Bible?
You asked: What makes a belief distinctive for a religious tradition?
Does baptism wash away sin Catholic?
You asked: What did Martin Luther King do in 1967?
Your question: Which is the powerful religion in the world?
Is the Catholic religion growing?
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Ariana Cameron
Ariana Cameron (°1990, Newburyport, United States) creates mixed media artworks and drawings. By applying abstraction, Cameron tries to grasp language. Transformed into art, language becomes an ornament. At that moment, lots of ambiguities and indistinctnesses, which are inherent to the phenomenon, come to the surface.
Her mixed media artworks focus on the inability of communication which is used to visualise reality, the attempt of dialogue, the dissonance between form and content and the dysfunctions of language. In short, the lack of clear references are key elements in the work. By investigating language on a meta-level, she focuses on the idea of ‘public space’ and more specifically on spaces where anyone can do anything at any given moment: the non-private space, the non-privately owned space, space that is economically uninteresting.
Her works doesn’t reference recognisable form. The results are deconstructed to the extent that meaning is shifted and possible interpretation becomes multifaceted. In a search for new methods to ‘read the city’, she creates intense personal moments masterfully created by means of rules and omissions, acceptance and refusal, luring the viewer round and round in circles.
Her works are often about contact with architecture and basic living elements. Energy (heat, light, water), space and landscape are examined in less obvious ways and sometimes developed in absurd ways. Ariana Cameron currently lives and works in Brooklyn.
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10/2021 October 2021
September 26, 2021 @ 9:00 pm - 11:30 pm Recurring
Every Sunday Night! Hosted By Joey Devine
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Monday Night Karaoke
September 27, 2021 @ 9:30 pm - 12:00 am Recurring
Every Monday Night! Hosted by Kyle of Right Track Entertainment
10:00 pm - 11:59 pm Recurring
September 27, 2021 @ 10:00 pm - 11:59 pm Recurring
Nina Diaz
October 2, 2021 @ 8:30 pm - 11:59 pm
$10 Advance | $15 Day of Show Meet and greet for the first 50 ticket buyers! Get your tickets here: Eventbrite.com Patreon Linktree Spotify Bandcamp
October 3, 2021 @ 9:00 pm - 11:30 pm Recurring
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October 11, 2021 @ 9:30 pm - 12:00 am Recurring
October 11, 2021 @ 10:00 pm - 11:59 pm Recurring
Royal Dukes Band October Showcase
8 PM - 9 PM | No Cover
Charles Ellsworth & The Space Force Deserters
October 14, 2021 @ 9:00 pm - 11:59 pm
Charles Ellsworth & The Space Force Deserters with Yosh & Yimmy. Free Show!
Chach’s Birthday Bash with Matheus Chach, White Rabbit, and DJ PRSPKT
It's October and it's Chachs Bday! Come out and celebrate! And wear a Halloween costume!
November 1, 2021 @ 9:30 pm - 12:00 am Recurring
November 1, 2021 @ 10:00 pm - 11:59 pm Recurring
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Malayalam website banned from US due to content breach
A Malaysian website has been banned from the US due a security breach.
Malaysia’s National Cyber Security Agency said in a statement that it was banning the video-sharing website Awasana, which allows users to share videos of themselves with a wide audience.
The ban comes after the Awasanasa.com site was shut down by US authorities in December.
Awaasana was also shut down last year by a Malaysian court for violating the countrys cyber laws.
The site’s owner was also banned from using the Awaasana name in the US, according to the US-based advocacy group TechFreedom.
“While the Awasias.com domain name was previously registered in the United States, the domain name has since been registered in a number of other jurisdictions around the world,” TechFreedom said in its statement.
“As a result, the Awasinas.org domain name is currently under a suspension of use, pending the outcome of an investigation.”
Malaysian authorities have accused Awasans of being involved in a series of scams and fake news, with some videos posted by the Awanas.net site showing people being deceived.
In a video uploaded last month, a man who claimed to be a security expert described Awasan as the largest provider of online fraud prevention services.
“You can’t get rid of it,” the man said.
“You can only destroy it.”
Awasana is not the only Malaysian website being blocked by US officials.
On Tuesday, US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) told Reuters that it had blocked Awasasan from using its US domain name because it was not registered in Malaysia.
It said the Awasuan.com service was “an extension of a larger, non-Malaysias-based web hosting service that operates out of the US.”
The Awasaman.com website was shuttered in December by US immigration officials.
In March, a US court sentenced Awasaman to five years in prison for running an illegal business in the country.
The case was brought by a man named Samra Hamzah.
Awasamans lawyer said in court documents that he was unaware that Awasams domain name had been registered by another company in the Philippines.
“The Awasiasc.com name is a wholly-owned and controlled trademark of Awasamaan, Inc. and the Awascan.org name is owned and controlled by a different company,” the court documents said.
“In other words, the trademark and domain name cannot be used for purposes of resale.”
Tagged: ass sitting videos, banned video sites, malayalam video site, top video sites
How to be the best gay male in America
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Home Airlines United Express ERJ-145 Slides Off The Runway, Injuries Reported
United Express ERJ-145 Slides Off The Runway, Injuries Reported
Airways
MIAMI — A CommutAir Embraer ERJ-145, operating on behalf of United Express on flight UA4933, has suffered a runway excursion at Presque Isle Airport in Maine.
One of the plane’s main landing gears was heavily damaged, wedging between the fuselage and the left engine.
Initial reports indicate one pilot as well as three passengers sustained minor injuries and are being attended to by emergency personnel.
Photo: Crown of Maine
The airline issued an official statement, explaining that the incident occurred during landing.
“The aircraft, a 50 seat Embraer 145, with 28 passengers and three crew members on board, landed and slid to the right of the runway,” said the airline.
As evidenced on the photos taken by the Crown of Maine, the airplane’s landing gear was heavily damaged. The nose landing gear is seen wedged between the airplane’s fuselage and engine.
According to weather reports, at the time of landing, Presque had 1/2-mile visibility and heavy snow.
Data from flight tracking website, Flightradar24, suggests that the aircraft’s crew performed the first attempt to land in Presque, aborting the approach and going around. The incident took place during the crew’s second attempt at landing.
The 14-year-old aircraft, originally delivered to ExpressJet Airlines in 2004, is configured to carry 50 passengers.
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Akron Beacon Journal turns 175
April 15, 2014 by H. Craig Erskine III
The Akron Beacon Journal’s current location at Exchange and South High streets
In 1839, Simon Perkins Jr., his wife Grace and the first three Perkins children were living in their then two year old stone mansion high atop Mutton Hill in Akron. It would be five more years before John Brown moved his family into the small, wood frame house across the street from the Perkins home. Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry was 20 years away.
In 1839, Ferdinand Schumacher, AKA The Oatmeal King, was 17 years old and still living in Hanover, Germany.
In 1839, Glendale Cemetery opened and Charles Goodyear vulcanized rubber for the first time. And on Monday, April 15, 1839, the Summit Beacon, a forerunner of today’s Akron Beacon Journal, went to press. It was a four page edition and published weekly.
Founded by 24-year-old Hiram Bowen [its owner until 1844] the Summit Beacon squared off against competitors with names like: Ancient Middlebury the Pioneer (1825); the Akron Post (1836); the Akron Journal (1836); the American Balance (1837); and the American Buzzard (1837). And the newcomer faced a bleak economy too. By 1839 the whole country was bogged down in the Panic of 1837 – a depression at least as severe as that of the 1930s and just as long lasting. Only a few years before, Akron had been a boomtown, spurred to enormous profit from business with the heavy traffic on the Ohio Canal.
Samuel A. Lane in his 1893 Fifty Years and Over of Akron and Summit County wrote: “So disastrous was the collapse in Akron that only two or three out of the score or more of mercantile establishments of the town maintained their financial integrity.”
Cash had virtually disappeared. Banks had failed, their paper money now worthless. Struggling survivors gave discounts up to 90 percent in trade. In most of Akron, money was rarely seen and commerce had been reduced mostly to barter.
But the scrappy little upstart had something to fight for – Akron merchants wanted their own newspaper to stimulate trade, and the Whig party politicians wanted a vehicle to campaign for the creation of a new county with Akron as the seat. Akron was in Portage County at the time. But Bowen was confident of success and chose the name Summit Beacon anyway. Bowen succeeded and Summit County was created in 1840 and Akron became the county seat in 1842.
But a series of fires and name changes would soon follow. On the night of June 9, 1848, a devastating fire – the first of three to hit the paper – destroyed a row of buildings on Howard Street near Market containing the Beacon and its rival the American Democrat. Not long after the fire, former editor of the Ohio State Journal in Columbus, John Teesdale, bought the paper. British born Teesdale put up a new building on the site and gave the paper more local news, becoming the largest weekly in Ohio by 1849.
In March 1850 the Beacon moved into a new brick building on Howard Street. The paper moved once again in December 1855 across Howard to a new stone-front building. But fire struck again in 1857, and the paper moved to the east side of Howard Street. Along with the move came a new name, the Summit County Beacon.
The first reporter in the history of the weekly was added to the Beacon staff in January 1869 in anticipation of going to a daily publication schedule. After his arrival, the paper moved across Howard Street again into a three-story, 20-by-60-foot brick building. On Dec. 6, 1869 the paper became a daily with a new name – the Akron Daily Beacon.
A fire struck in 1872 and a new building was constructed on the Howard Street site. By 1889, circulation had grown to 3,500 and the paper was in a new five-story home at the northeast corner of Main and Mill streets designated as the “Beacon Block.”
The Daily and Sunday Republican, a rival paper started by political opponents, was forced to merge with the Beacon due to bad times. From that emerged the Akron Printing and Publishing Co. With the financial panic of 1893, a rival paper, the Akron Evening Journal, was founded. Finally, on June 7, 1897, came the merger that produced the first Akron Beacon Journal. A change in ownership came in 1903 that would shape the character of the paper from that day forward.
The Knight Dynasty
Charles Landon Knight was born on a farm near Milledgeville, Ga. C.L.’s father, William, traced his ancestry in America to St. John Knight, a soldier under Oliver Cromwell in England who came to Massachusetts Bay in 1662. The family sent C.L. north for higher education. He graduated from Columbia College in New York City with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1889 and two years later received a law degree from the same school. Next, he studied politics and social institutions in Europe for two years before eventually setting up as a lawyer in Bluefield, W. Va.
He married Clara Irene, daughter of civil war veteran Col. James K. Scheifly of Shenandoah, Pa., on Nov. 21, 1893. Their eldest son, John Shively, was born in Bluefield on Oct. 26, 1894. His brother, James Landon, was born in Akron on July 22, 1909.
In 1903, C.L. Knight and Maj. T.J. Kirkpatrick bought the paper. C.L. was a master of editorial writing, and biographers have called him “The last of the great personal journalists.” C.L. bought out Kirkpatrick in 1907 and assumed the title of editor and publisher in 1909.
When C.L. appeared on the scene in Akron, the Beacon Journal had a circulation of 7,000 and two rivals – the Akron Times (1867) and the Akron Press (1898), a Scripps-Howard newspaper known locally as a “Liberal” or pro-New Deal paper. They merged into the Times-Press in 1925. In response, the Beacon Journal built a modern plant at the southeast corner of East Market and Summit streets, and occupied it in 1927.
C.L. died in 1933 and the torch was passed to his eldest son, J.S. Knight who was well-seasoned as a newspaperman and ready to carry on the operations of the Beacon Journal. In 1937, Knight bought the first of what was to become Knight Newspapers, Inc. when he acquired the Miami Herald. Under Knight’s leadership, in 1938, the Beacon Journal Publishing Co. bought out the Times-Press, acquiring in the process a building on the old music hall site at Exchange and S. High streets.
Starting with the Beacon Journal, Knight was to develop a group of important newspapers. In 1974 they merged with the Ridder Group to become Knight-Ridder. It claimed the largest total circulation in the nation. Knight’s empire grew to 32 papers and several TV stations with more than $3 billion in annual sales. The McClatchy Company bought Knight-Ridder in June 2006 and on August 2, 2006 sold the Beacon Journal to Black Press, its current owner.
The Akron Beacon Journal was home to some power hitters in the realm of women’s journalism.
Helen Stocking Waterhouse, 1892-1965, was the “most controversial newspaperwoman in Akron history,” wrote Managing Editor Murray Powers. Waterhouse could be abrasive and inaccurate but she also had great sources, enormous energy and enthusiasm and an eye for a story, he observed. Over her almost 40 years with the Beacon Journal, she wrote many front page stories.
Waterhouse started her journalism career as a freelance writer for the Beacon Journal in the mid-1920s. Freelance writers were paid by the column inch. By 1928, Waterhouse was selling so many stories to the Beacon, she was making more than many staff reporters. John S. Knight hired Waterhouse full-time as a way to save money.
An aviation enthusiast, she was friends with most of the early pilots in the nation – Amelia Earhart, Wiley Post and Col. Charles Lindbergh. It was her connection with Lindbergh that explained why the Beacon sent Waterhouse to cover the trial of Bruno Richard Hauptmann, accused of kidnapping and killing the aviator’s son. In 1935, she was competing with the likes of reporting legends Walter Winchel, Lowell Thomas and Dorothy Kilgallen. Waterhouse also covered the Hindenburg disaster in Lakehurst, N.Y., in 1937.
After the war, she concentrated on international reporting from France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Greece and Yugoslavia. But it was the stories that she wrote about Akron and its residents that made her a favorite with Beacon readers. She was the “queen bee” of the Soap Box Derby.
Waterhouse was a member of the National Aviation Writers Association and the Overseas Press Club. She founded the Ohio Press Women’s Association. She won many awards during her long career. In 1940, 1941 and 1943, she won TWA’s award for the best newspaper work in aviation. She won 15 awards from the National Press Women’s organization. That group named her Press Woman of Achievement in 1957 and 1958 and Woman of the Year in 1963.
Frances Burke Murphey, 1922-1998, a Beacon Journal reporter for 55 years, brought home many honors and awards over her long career but her greatest contributions to the city were the stories she left behind. While other reporters and editors were covering the “big” stories, Murphey liked to tell the “little” ones, the ones about ordinary men and women building the city.
Her mother was a reporter for the Akron Times-Press. When Murphey was in junior high, she tagged along with her mother when she covered political meetings. Murphey graduated from Hudson High School. She planned on a journalism career when she enrolled at Kent State University. When she graduated, she got a job at the Beacon Journal as a reporter. (Even as a student, she had worked for the Beacon as a stringer covering Kent, Brimfield and Brady Lake.)
There weren’t very many female reporters at the Beacon Journal at the time. Ruth McKenney, an early reporter, had already moved on, so Murphey needed to develop her own style. She was best known for her attire – bib overall and boots. Murphey was also known for her dogged determination in getting a story. Murphey is credited with single-handedly forcing both the University of Akron and the Akron-Summit County Public Library to open their board meetings to the public.
Murphey won many awards during her career. In 1996 she won Knight-Ridder Newspaper’s John S. Knight Excellence Award for Community Service. In 1993, she won a special recognition award from the Associated Press Society of Ohio. Over her career, Murphey held many jobs at the Beacon – school editor, spelling bee editor, State Desk reporter-photographer and, of course, columnist and travel writer.
Mark J. Price has been with the Akron Beacon Journal for 17 years as a copy editor after serving as copy editor on his hometown paper for about ten years. He began writing his This Place, This Time local history column one year after arriving at the Beacon. Price sees the need for copy editors in the future as things change in the digital age. “Well, I know there’s a need for it the way things are in today’s world – you want everything faster. I know that sometimes things get out there a little too fast. So you need copy editors to make sure that things are right. You want to get things out there right.”
In speaking of the past Price said, “One thing I can say about 175 years ago, we were a weekly newspaper and you had more time to look at things, I think. Probably a much smaller staff than we have now. There is so much, so many words that flash past our eyes now; we have to be pretty nimble at editing and getting things out online in a timely fashion.”
As to the format of the earliest editions, Price had this to say, “There were probably no headlines back then, it was mostly advertising and talking about goods and services, and then maybe some little lines here and there of news. If you go back, it’s interesting how many newspapers this town used to have. Newspapers back then were very dense and required a lot of reading. You couldn’t usually scan [over] things like people are used to scanning headlines and things now, you had to read the newspaper back then to get the news out of it.”
Price explained how that created a challenge when doing research, to go back and find a story, “You really have to read everything. You can’t find the headlines as easily as you can today,” he said
“When you think about all the newspapers that used to be in this town – some obscure ones, some famous ones. We had the Times, the Press, and then the Times-Press, and other ones like the Argus and the Akron Free Democrat Standard – lots of ones that nobody knows about anymore. But luckily, a lot of them are on microfilm. If you think about all the newspapers that existed – and there must have been dozens at one time or another – and now we are the last one standing, out of 175 years of newspapers,” Price added.
David Giffels, a former local news columnist who was at the Beacon from 1994 to 2008 is now a professor of English at the University of Akron. He explained what journalism graduates could expect to face in today’s digital landscape and how to prepare themselves. “They won’t be working for a ‘paper’ newspaper much longer. So they should be preparing themselves to write for multi-media, learning digital skills and all of the important story-telling techniques and the ethics of old journalism, but finding a new way to do it,” Giffels said. “They [ABJ] just made some big changes to try to adapt, too, in terms of how they are presenting their page,” Giffels added.
Columnist Bob Dyer started at the Akron Beacon Journal in 1984 as a copy editor and did several other jobs. His Dyer Streets column began in 2001 and ran through 2010. Dyer is now a general interest columnist covering “any topic under the sun.” When asked for his thoughts about the future of news reporting, he had this to say: “It’s going to be tough. That’s a great question.” Dyer has yet to see a business model that supports an enormous newsroom. “When I first got here there were 185 people in the newsroom and now we are down to about 60, I think. Obviously, it’s going to be in some form. I can see it going, somewhere down the road, I don’t know if it’s two years or five, that everything’s on-line. That wouldn’t shock me.”
While his opinion reflects that of others in the industry, he’s an old-fashioned kind of guy. “I think it’s easier to read longer things on paper than it is on-line,” he said.
Editor Bruce Winges began his career at the Beacon June 1982 and became editor in May 2007 and was enthusiastic about the challenges print media faces in today’s digital world. “Actually, it opens up a lot of opportunities for us, because it gives us other places to tell our stories where the audiences are. We have the largest news in Summit Co. and we can tell the story of Akron better than anybody else and now we can get it to more people and that’s where our audience growth is – in the digital sphere.”
As to his vision of the future for the paper, Winges said, “I think we’ll be around for another hundred and seventy five years. How’s that?”
Happy birthday, Akron Beacon Journal. Here’s to 175 more.
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Filed Under: Arts and Culture, Places Tagged With: akron, akron beacon journal, akronist
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Ahead of pivotal AGM, Toshiba board chairman vows to be ‘agent of positive change’
Toshiba Corp (6502.T) Board Chairman Osamu Nagayama pledged to be “an agent of positive change, not a protector of the status quo,” as he sought support from shareholders ahead of a crucial vote on director nominees next week that is seen as difficult to call.
Nagayama has come under intense pressure to resign after an explosive independent investigation this month found that Toshiba colluded with the Japanese government to block foreign shareholders from having influence on the board.
“As the chairperson my priority is to provide Toshiba with the governance and leadership that you deserve,” he said in an open letter to shareholders on Friday.
Shareholder advisory groups Institutional Shareholder Services Inc and Glass Lewis have both recommended against his reappointment as has Toshiba’s No. 2 shareholder, Singapore-based 3D Investment Partners.
While Nagayama joined Toshiba in mid-2020 after the alleged pressuring of foreign shareholders took place, they argue that he should take responsibility for the board initially having resisted a shareholder’s call for an independent probe.
At an extraordinary general meeting in March, Toshiba shareholders successfully voted for the probe into the allegations that the company sought to unduly influence some investors ahead of last year’s annual general meeting. Gaining 58% of the votes, it was a landmark win for corporate governance in Japan.
But it is by no means clear that Toshiba’s large activist shareholder base will win the day again next week.
Toshiba’s shareholder base has changed somewhat since the conglomerate was reinstated in the Tokyo Stock Exchange’s TOPIX index in late February, bringing in index-linked funds. While many of those passive funds were not eligible to vote at the time of the March EGM, they now are.
That has made it difficult to assess whether activist or traditional shareholders will have the upper hand at the June 25 AGM.
In the letter, Nagayama reiterated plans to begin a thorough search for additional independent directors and accelerate the selection process for a new CEO.
Current CEO Satoshi Tsunakawa retook the helm in April after the company’s previous leader left amid controversy over a $20 billion buyout bid from private equity firm CVC Capital Partners but has said he does not plan to stay on for too long.
Nagayama in Friday’s letter also repeated promises to launch a strategic review committee immediately after the AGM and begin a new inquiry into the allegations.
He also said the board has hired Makinson Cowell, an independent global investor study firm owned by Lazard (LAZ.N), to expand the scope of its survey of shareholder opinions while the company makes important strategic decisions.
Prior to joining Toshiba, Nagayama had a well-respected career as CEO of Chugai Pharmaceutical (4519.T) from 1992 to 2018. Chugai became part of the Roche Holding AG (ROG.S) group in 2002.
He was also a member of the board at Sony Group Corp (6758.T) for nine years until 2019, coinciding with the electronic giant’s emergence from a turbulent earnings period to a sharp recovery.
A Sony spokesperson said in an emailed statement: “Nagayama, especially when he served as board chairman for six years since 2013, contributed to building up a governance system that improved corporate value through healthy checks and balances.”
Microsoft would like to see Steam and Epic Games Store on the Windows 11 Microsoft Store
Men’s skin cancer rates increase by 50% over decade
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Arts • Entertainment • Local • News
Houston’s Project Row Houses to receive $100K from prize awarded to Solange Knowles
In the spirit of giving back and passing it on, Houston’s historic Project Row Houses will benefit in a major way from an award received by Solange Knowles.
HOUSTON – In the spirit of giving back and passing it on, Houston’s historic Project Row Houses will benefit in a major way from an award received by Solange Knowles.
Knowles, the GRAMMY Award-winning singer/songwriter and visual artist, will be the first-ever recipient of the Lena Horne Prize for Artists Creating Social Impact, the first major entertainment award to be named after a woman of color, honoring excellence at the intersection of arts and activism. Knowles will be honored at a special event, which will be held at The Town Hall in New York City on Friday, February 28, 2020 during which she will receive $100,000. The money will then be directed to Project Row Houses, a Houston-based nonprofit organization dedicated to empowering people and enriching communities through engagement, art and direct action. The organization, founded in 1993, is a catalyst for transforming community through the celebration of art and African-American history and culture.
“I am beyond humbled to be the first recipient of the Lena Horne Prize,” said Knowles in a statement. “I will never forget being a young girl and the impact of hearing the great Lena Horne so radiantly and powerfully singing the words “believe in yourself” from that remarkable moment in The Wiz. I have carried it with me closely my entire life. At the age of 12, I played this very role at the Ensemble Theatre in Houston, Texas and it was then I learned about Lena’s dedicated activism and fearless integrity as a woman and groundbreaking artist. I am honored to be receiving an award that bears her name and continue her legacy of using the arts to inspire reflection and evoke change.”
The Lena Horne Prize Advisory Board, which consists of an esteemed list of artists, entertainers, philanthropists and community leaders including Harry Belafonte; Billy Porter; Judy Collins; Deesha Dyer; Roxane Gay; Dolores Huerta and more, selected Knowles for using her platform to promote social change.
“We are thrilled for Solange as the inaugural recipient of the Lena Horne Prize and are grateful for her continuous support of Project Row Houses and the Historic Third Ward community,” said Project Row Houses Executive Director Eureka Gilkey. “For more than 26 years, Project Row Houses has proven that the intersection between art, activism and neighborhood development can be a sustainable vehicle for community transformation. This generous gift will continue to support Project Row Houses as a thought leader in socially-engaged art, and our community enrichment and neighborhood development activities.”
Knowles has used her platform to advocate for representation and justice while providing constructive and empowering messages. With the release of her critically acclaimed albums, A Seat at the Table (2016) and When I Get Home (2019), Solange has navigated through themes of self-reflection and origin, empowerment, grief and healing that have resonated with millions of voices. This coupled with her performance art work has led to a defining career of music, visual art, and activism. Solange performed for President Obama at the White House as well as at the Kennedy Center and the legendary Sydney Opera House in Australia. Solange has conducted performance art shows across the globe including The Getty Museum, Los Angeles (2019), the Guggenheim Museum in NYC (2017), the Chinati Foundation in Marfa, Texas (2017), and the Elbphilharmonie Hamburg, in Germany (2019). She has exhibited video art installations at London’s Tate Modern and premiered the interdisciplinary video and dance performance piece, Metatronia, which featured Metatron’s Cube, 2018; a sculpture conceptualized and created by Solange, at the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles.
Earlier this year, Solange released her album and interdisciplinary art film entitled When I Get Home. The album asked the question how much of ourselves do we bring with us versus leave behind in our evolution. Solange returned to Third Ward Houston to answer this. Written, performed, and executive produced by Solange, the release resulted in her third top 10 debut on the Billboard 200, hit #1 on iTunes, and kicked off a global tour. Solange premiered an extended director’s cut of her film at museums and contemporary institutions including The Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) Los Angeles, The Brooklyn Museum, New York and V&A London.
Solange’s work in music and the arts has led to her being named Harvard University’s Artist of the Year in 2018. She was honored by The New School as a pioneering figure in fashion and the arts at the 70th Annual Parsons Benefit. She has also been the recipient of Glamour’s Woman of the Year Award and Billboard’s Impact Award.
TagsArts award culture
Third Ward residents drop lawsuit against popular Turkey Leg Hut
Laurie Vignaud named CEO and President of historic Unity National Bank of Houston
Black History • National • News • NNPA
IN MEMORIAM: Maxine McNair, last living parent of 1963 Birmingham bombing victims, dies at 93
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1973 LIBERATION CALENDAR AFRICA
MIDDLE CADRES: Heart of the Revolution
by Liberation Support Movement
with Selma Waldman, Augusta Conchiglia, Uliano Lucas, Angola Comité
Richmond, Canada
Liberation Support Movement
Type: Calendar
Coverage in Africa: Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Cape Verde, Guinea
Coverage outside Africa: United States, Canada
All proceeds from the sale of this calendar go toward material and propagandistic support for genuine anti-imperialist liberation struggles. The calendar includes SUMMARY OF LIBERATION SUPPORT MOVEMENT'S PRINCIPLES OF ANTI-IMPERIALIST WORK. The calendar includes photos and drawings by Selma Waldman. Each month has a theme: • Sons and Daughters of the People • Confronting the oppressors of the people • Within the Context of the Peoples struggle • "We Wish to Become the True Militants of Our Party" • Liberating the Intelligence of the People • We are Building a Nation that is Solid, Conscious of Itself • Harvest Begins Despite Bombings and Terrorism • Our Struggle Grows by Day • "The Portuguese Provided Absolutely Nothing for Our People in the way of Medical Services" • Armed Militants, not Militarist: Building the Revolution as the Fight • Communications and Logistics: transport, supplies and distribution • In Solidarity With Every Just Struggle. The calendar mentions the African National Congress (ANC), the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), the African Party for the Independence of Guiné and Cape Verde (PAIGC), the South West African People's Organization (SWAPO), Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU), Organization of the Peoples of Africa, Asia and Latin America (OSPAAAL), Samora Machel, International Women’s Day, the Portuguese secret police (PIDE - now called DGS), the People's Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARP), Patrice Lumumba, imperialist wars, Como Island, Angola Youth Day, International Day of Solidarity, International Labor Day, the Pearce Commission, Africa Freedom Day, the Smith regime, the African National Council, the Mueda Massacre, South Africa Freedom Day, a National Day of Protest, the Congress of the People, the Liberation Committee of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), Holden Roberto, GRAE (Revolutionary Government of Angola in Exile), Chief Albert Lutuli, the Nobel Peace Prize, the massacre of striking dock workers of Pidjiguiti, armed struggle, South Africa Women's Day, Candido Mondlane, Dr. Americo Boavida, the Medical Assistance Services (SAM), the Conference of Nationalist Organizations from the Portuguese Colonies (CONCP), President Sékou Touré, a Portuguese mercenary force, Amilcar Cabral, and Umkonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation).
Used by permission of former members of Liberation Support Movement.
Collection: Selma Waldman collection on the Seattle Coalition Against Apartheid (SCCA), Michigan State University Libraries Special Collections
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Haaland-Dias battle will be key in Man City v Dortmund, says Wright-Phillips
By Sports Desk April 05, 2021
Manchester City and Borussia Dortmund's keenly anticipated Champions League quarter-final could hinge on the battle between Erling Haaland and Ruben Dias.
That is the view of former City favourite Shaun Wright-Phillips, who anticipates an intriguing contest due to the attacking firepower boasted by both sides.
Norway youngster Haaland has rattled home a remarkable 33 goals in 32 appearances across all competitions this season, averaging a goal every 82.8 minutes thanks to a shot conversion rate of 31.4 per cent.
The 20-year-old has also supplied seven assists, although he will be faced with one of Europe's most formidable centre-backs in Dias.
If speculation proves accurate, Haaland might replace the Portugal defender as City's record signing at the end of the campaign but Dias' impact has been undeniably transformative since his arrival from Benfica last September.
City have won 31 of the 39 games in which Dias has played, losing only two and conceding 18 goals – an average of 0.5 per game.
"It's going to be hard, it's going to be a great battle for me between [Haaland] and Dias," Wright-Phillips, who played alongside Haaland's father Alf-Inge during his time at City, told Stats Perform.
"Dias doesn't like to lose, let alone concede goals – he hates that as well so it will be a good competition.
"And it stands out to be a good game, with the firepower and the way Dortmund play, and the way City play.
"So it’s going to be a good footballing match and I am looking forward and am very excited to see it myself."
Another intriguing battle that fans will be denied is a face off between England youngsters Phil Foden and Jadon Sancho in each team's creative departments.
Foden and Sancho were team-mates in City's youth team before the latter moved to Dortmund in 2017, where he has scarcely looked back.
Remaining with his boyhood club, Foden had to bide his time among a talent-stacked squad but has established himself as a key man for both Pep Guardiola and England boss Gareth Southgate this season.
However, a thigh injury means Sancho will miss out on a return to the Etihad Stadium on Tuesday and faces a race to be fit for next week's return at Signal Iduna Park.
"It would be great to see them both on the field. But they’re very different players," Wright-Phillips said.
"Although [Foden] does go and dribble past people, he’s got a very good eye in seeing passes, linking up play and he presses harder.
"I think Sancho is a very, very good player as well but he's more of a dribbler, committing players, taking them on, putting the ball into the box and also scoring goals."
Along with Liverpool, who take on 13-time winners Real Madrid this week, Chelsea – another of Wright-Phillips' former clubs – complete a trio of Premier League sides in the last eight.
Thomas Tuchel's men saw off Atletico Madrid in impressive fashion in the previous round, although they must bounce back from a shock 5-2 weekend loss to relegation-threatened West Brom before taking on Porto.
"As we know it’s one of the toughest competitions," Wright-Phillips added. "And on the few times City have been on a run in it, they have not had the rub of the green.
"And Chelsea had been playing well with their defensive record, also. I would be happy if it was an all-England final, so I'll be supporting all English teams in Europe."
Shaun Wright-Phillips
« Barcelona star Ansu Fati undergoes 'regenerative biological treatment' of knee injury Is this Man City's best defence and does it suit Ruben Dias? »
Real Madrid president Florentino Perez predicted Luka Modric could win the Ballon d'Or for a second time after his masterclass in the Supercopa de Espana final.
Croatian playmaker Modric scooped France Football's prestigious prize for world player of the year after his dazzling performances at the 2018 World Cup.
He will turn 37 before the Qatar World Cup in November, but Modric's goal and overall display in the 2-0 win over Athletic Bilbao on Sunday showed he remains a force.
Thibaut Courtois saved a late penalty from Raul Garcia as Madrid made sure of a first trophy since Carlo Ancelotti returned to the club for a second spell as coach.
Asked about Courtois and Modric, Perez said after the game: "Without wanting to brag, they are the two best in their position. The best goalkeeper and Modric in enviable form, worthy of winning the Ballon d'Or again."
Modric's passing accuracy this season is an outstanding 90.41 per cent, and even in the opposition half it is 89.03 per cent, which are impressive numbers given he plays a lot of high-tariff balls.
He has created eight big chances for others this season already and has five assists, while the shot he sent arcing past Unai Simon in the 38th minute at the King Fahd Stadium gave Modric a first goal of the season. He took away the most valuable player award from Sunday's game.
Perez is still probably getting excited too soon, given the Ballon d'Or is an end-of-year prize, but Modric was excellent, and midfield colleague Toni Kroos had a 95 per cent accuracy rate from his game-high 100 passes, helping ensure Madrid had the game tied up before withstanding a late flurry of attacks from Athletic.
Former Barcelona captain Lionel Messi took the Ballon d'Or for a record seventh time last year, with even Robert Lewandowski's Bayern Munich goalscoring feats not enough to knock the Argentine great off his accustomed top spot in the vote.
Madrid should win more silverware this season. They lead LaLiga, have a Copa del Rey last-16 clash with Elche on Thursday, and remain in the Champions League, albeit with a tough tie against Paris Saint-Germain coming up next in that competition.
Perez enthused about the prospects for this Ancelotti stint, saying of Madrid's early success: "It means a lot."
Quoted in Marca, Perez said: "We always want to win everything, they taught us that since we were little. This year it was 60 years since I became a member, and that's how we were educated. I work along the lines that Santiago Bernabeu set for us, and I am happy because we have won the first title."
Courtois did not particularly guess right for Garcia's penalty, as much as guess late, meaning his outstretched leg could reach the ball down the middle as the rest of his body lurched to the right.
"I was hesitating between going to the right or staying in the middle," the Belgian goalkeeper told #Vamos, "and that's why I kept my foot there and I was able to stop it. If not, we would have had a heart-stopping final few minutes."
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WORKWELL CEO ANNOUNCES RETIREMENT
LOUISVILLE, KY: After almost two decades of service to Workwell Industries, the nonprofit organization’s President and CEO, Phil Berry, is retiring May 31.
“For nearly 20 years, Phil has served our community with great passion and dedication to help others overcome barriers to employment,” said Thomas Wobbe, Workwell Board Chairman. “Through his selfless hard work, Phil has improved the lives of countless individuals, and for that, all of us at Workwell are extremely grateful.”
During Berry’s career at Workwell, he guided the organization through numerous changes, including a rebranding in 2016 to develop the Workwell name and brand of today. A champion for Workwell’s mission, he was dedicated to providing meaningful work and job training for those facing barriers to employment. Under his leadership, Workwell improved Foreign Trade Zone status, increased capital, and expanded warehousing capabilities, all of which provided greater service for client partners and even more specialized job training opportunities for employees.
Berry has been working closely with the board of directors to develop a leadership transition plan to ensure the continued success, mission, growth, and quality service of Workwell Industries. Kenya Freeman, is currently Interim President at Workwell, and after a search in the coming months, the Board of Directors will name the new President and CEO of Workwell. Phil Berry will stay on as President Emeritus with a position on the Board to support the transition.
“Under Phil’s leadership, Workwell Industries pulled through some of its most challenging days,” said Freeman. “The community has benefited from his hard work and efforts, and he has led Workwell to a prosperous future for its employees.”
Contact: Jared Hallal
hallal@workwellindustries.org
www.workwellindustries.com/
Workwell Industries is a nonprofit organization committed to creating jobs for people with disabilities or others who may experience barriers to employment. It has been granted an on-site Foreign Trade Zone by the Riverport Authority. Workwell Industries provides packaging, parts assembly, inspection, rework, fulfillment services, deliveries and more.
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Song Ji Hyo says Gary is the most important thing from Running Man to her
The members of SBS variety show Running Man voted for the member whom they think was late the most on the show, and it seems like they are all pointing to the only female cast Song Ji Hyo!
On January 17th, five out of the seven fixed cast members made an appearance at a fanmeeting in Taiwan. Namely Ji Suk Jin, Yoo Jae Suk, Kim Jong Kook, Song Ji Hyo, and Lee Kwang Soo, the five of them were present at a question and answer session with the local media before meeting their fans.
In particular, one of the questions asked was “Who is the person who shows up late most frequently?” Although the five of them did not directly point out a person, the four men answered the question in an interesting way, showing another example of the great entertainers they are. They stood up from their seats and sat down near Song Ji Hyo, giving a hint that it is her.
They jokingly added, “We really have no choice. We really cannot point out anyone,” and “Keep this a secret. This is a secret,” gaining much laughter on set.
At the same time, Song Ji Hyo was asked about what she gained from filming Running Man. To that, she replied, “Gary, who is currently in Guangzhou,” showing her affection for her “Monday Couple” partner once again. It had become a hot topic recently when a photo of the two showing close skinship was circulated online.
Meanwhile, Gary was not able to attend the Taiwan fanmeeting with his fellow members that day as he was in Guangzhou, China for his solo fan meeting. Prior to that, he had also attended the 2014 Youku Night on January 16th in Beijing, receiving the Entertainment Spirit Award in behalf of the Running Man team.
Source: TVReport
GOT7 Celebrates 8 Years As A Group With An Instagram Live
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Updated on Mar 22, 2018
Rate This8.4
86% Rotten Tomatoes
Genre Comedy, Romance
Screenplay Colin Higgins
Writer Colin Higgins
8/10 IMDb
Director Hal Ashby
Music director Yusuf Islam
Release date December 20, 1971 (1971-12-20)
Cast Ruth Gordon (Maude), Bud Cort (Harold Parker Chasen), Cyril Cusack (Glaucus), Charles Tyner (Uncle Victor), Ellen Geer (Sunshine Doré), Eric Christmas (Priest)
Similar movies Wilbur Wants to Kill Himself, The Last Emperor, Heat, Magnolia, 8½, The Hours
Tagline They were meant to be. But exactly what they were meant to be is not quite clear.
Harold and maude 8 8 movie clip maude s 80th birthday 1971 hd
Harold and Maude is a 1971 American romantic black comedy drama directed by Hal Ashby and released by Paramount Pictures. It incorporates elements of dark humor and existentialist drama, with a plot that revolves around the exploits of a young man named Harold (Bud Cort) intrigued with death. Harold drifts away from the life that his detached mother (Vivian Pickles) prescribes for him, and slowly develops a strong friendship, and eventually a romantic relationship, with a 79-year-old woman named Maude (Ruth Gordon) who teaches Harold about living life to its fullest and that life is the most precious gift of all.
Harold and maude 1 8 movie clip harold meets maude 1971 hd
1972 soundtrack
Unproduced sequel and prequel
The film was based on a screenplay written by Colin Higgins and published as a novel in 1971. Filming locations in the San Francisco Bay Area included both Holy Cross Cemetery and Golden Gate National Cemetery, and the ruins of the Sutro Baths.
Critically and commercially unsuccessful when originally released, the film developed a cult following and in 1983 began making a profit. The film is ranked number 45 on the American Film Institute's list of 100 Funniest Movies of all Time and was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 1997, for being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant". The Criterion Collection special edition Blu-ray and DVD were released June 12, 2012.
Harold Chasen (Bud Cort) is a young man obsessed with death. He stages elaborate fake suicides, attends funerals and drives a hearse, all to the chagrin of his socialite mother (Vivian Pickles). She sets him up appointments with a psychiatrist, but the doctor is befuddled by his case and fails to get Harold to talk about his real emotions.
At another stranger's funeral service, Harold meets Maude (Ruth Gordon), a 79-year-old woman who shares Harold's hobby of attending funerals. He is entranced by her quirky outlook on life, which is bright and excessively carefree in contrast with his morbidity. The pair form a bond and Maude shows Harold the pleasures of art and music (including how to play banjo), and teaches him how to "[make] the most of his time on earth". Meanwhile, Harold's mother is determined, against Harold's wishes, to find him a wife. One by one, Harold frightens and horrifies each of his appointed dates, by appearing to commit gruesome acts such as self-immolation, self-mutilation and seppuku. She tries enlisting him in the military instead, but he deters his recruiting officer uncle by staging a scene in which Maude poses as a pacifist protester and Harold seemingly murders her out of militaristic fanaticism.
When Harold and Maude are talking at her home he tells her, without prompting, the motive for his fake suicides: When he was at boarding school, he accidentally caused an explosion in his chemistry lab, leading police to assume his death. Harold returned home just in time to witness his mother react to the news of his death with a ludicrously dramatized faint. As he reaches this part of the story, Harold bursts into tears and says, "I decided then I enjoyed being dead."
As they become closer, their friendship soon blossoms into a romance and Harold announces that he will marry Maude, resulting in disgusted outbursts from his family, psychiatrist, and priest. Maude's 80th birthday arrives and Harold throws a surprise party for her. As the couple dance, Maude tells Harold that she "couldn't imagine a lovelier farewell". Confused, he questions Maude as to her meaning and she reveals that she has taken an overdose of sleeping pills and will be dead by morning. She restates her firm belief that eighty is the proper age to die.
Harold rushes Maude to the hospital, where she is treated unsuccessfully and dies. In the final sequence, Harold's car is seen going off a seaside cliff but after the crash, the final shot reveals Harold standing calmly atop the cliff, holding his banjo. After gazing down at the wreckage, he dances away, picking out on his banjo Cat Stevens' "If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out".
Ruth Gordon as Dame Marjorie "Maude" Chardin, a 79-year-old free spirit who wears her hair in braids. Maude believes in living each day to its fullest, and "trying something new every day". Her view of life is so joyful that, true to the film's motif, it crosses a blurred, shifting line into a carefree attitude toward death as well. We know little of her past, but learn that as a young woman she lived in pre-war Vienna, was once married and has a Nazi concentration camp tattoo on one arm.
Bud Cort as Harold Parker Chasen, an 18-year-old man who is obsessed with death. He drives a hearse, attends funerals of strangers and stages elaborate fake suicides. Through meeting and falling in love with Maude, he discovers joy in living for the first time.
Vivian Pickles as Mrs. Chasen, Harold’s opulently wealthy mother, is controlling, snooty and seemingly incapable of affection. Hoping to force him into respectability, Mrs. Chasen replaces Harold's beloved hearse with a Jaguar (which he then converts to a miniature hearse) and sets up several blind dates, or more accurately, "bride interviews" with young women.
Cyril Cusack as Glaucus, the sculptor who makes an ice statue of Maude and lends them his tools to transport a tree.
Charles Tyner as General Victor Ball, Harold's uncle who lost an arm in the war and now pulls a hidden cord to make his wire prosthetic "salute". At Mrs. Chasen's request, he attempts to prepare Harold to join the armed forces. The effort is thwarted by a planned stunt in which Harold appears to kill Maude.
Eric Christmas as the Priest
George Wood as Harold's Psychiatrist
Ellen Geer as Sunshine Doré, an actress, Harold’s third blind date. She mimics his suicide, giving a histrionic rendition of Juliet's death scene.
Judy Engles as Candy Gulf, Harold's first blind date, whom he scares off by apparently setting himself on fire.
Shari Summers as Edith Phern, Harold's second blind date, whom he dissuades by pretending to cut off his hand.
Tom Skerritt (credited as "M. Borman") as the Motorcycle Officer who stops Maude and Harold.
Director Hal Ashby appears in an uncredited cameo, watching a model train at an amusement park. The amusement park is Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk (California USA) / Penny Arcade.
UCLA student Colin Higgins wrote Harold and Maude as his master’s thesis. While working as producer Edward Lewis' pool boy, Higgins showed the script to Lewis's wife, Mildred. Mildred was so impressed that she got Edward to give it to Stanley Jaffe at Paramount. Higgins sold the script with the understanding that he would direct the film but he was told he wasn't ready, after tests he shot proved unsatisfactory to the studio heads. Ashby would only commit to directing the film after getting Higgins' blessing and then, so Higgins could watch and learn from him on the set, Ashby made Higgins a co-producer. Higgins says he originally thought of the story as a play. It then became a 20-minute thesis while at film school. After the film came out, the script was turned into a novel then a play, which ran for several years in Paris.
Ashby felt that Maude should ideally be European and his list of possible actresses included dames Peggy Ashcroft, Edith Evans, Gladys Cooper and Celia Johnson as well as Lotte Lenya, Luise Rainer, Pola Negri, Minta Durfee and Agatha Christie. Ruth Gordon indicated that in addition she heard that Edwige Feuillere, Elisabeth Bergner, Mildred Natwick, Mildred Dunnock and Dorothy Stickney had been considered.
For Harold, in addition to Bud Cort, Ashby considered all promising unknowns, Richard Dreyfuss, Bob Balaban and John Savage. Also on his list were John Rubinstein, for whom Higgins had written the part and then up-and-coming British pop star Elton John, whom Ashby had seen live and hoped would also do the music.
Anne Brebner, the casting director, was almost cast as Harold's mother, when Vivian Pickles was briefly unable to do the role.
Harold and Maude received mixed reviews, with several critics being offended by the film's dark humor. Roger Ebert, in a review dated January 1, 1972, gave the film 1 and a half out of 4 stars. He wrote, "And so what we get, finally, is a movie of attitudes. Harold is death, Maude life, and they manage to make the two seem so similar that life's hardly worth the extra bother. The visual style makes everyone look fresh from the Wax Museum, and all the movie lacks is a lot of day-old gardenias and lilies and roses in the lobby, filling the place with a cloying sweet smell. Nothing more to report today. Harold doesn't even make pallbearer." Vincent Canby also panned the film, stating that the actors "are so aggressive, so creepy and off-putting, that Harold and Maude are obviously made for each other, a point the movie itself refuses to recognize with a twist ending that betrays, I think, its life-affirming pretensions."
The reputation of the film has increased greatly; Rotten Tomatoes, which labeled the film as "Certified Fresh", gave it a score of 86% based on 42 reviews, with an average score of 7.6/10. A consensus on the site read, "Hal Ashby's comedy is too dark and twisted for some, and occasionally oversteps its bounds, but there's no denying the film's warm humor and big heart." In 2005, the Writers Guild of America ranked the screenplay #86 on its list of 101 Greatest Screenplays ever written. Sight & Sound magazine conducts a poll every ten years of the world's finest film directors, to find out the Ten Greatest Films of All Time. This poll has been going since 1992 and has become the most recognised poll of its kind in the world. In 2012, Niki Caro, Wanuri Kahiu and Cyrus Frisch voted for "Harold and Maude". Frisch commented: "An encouragement to think beyond the obvious!" In 2017, Chicago Tribune critic Mark Caro wrote a belated appreciation, "I’m sorry, Harold and Maude, for denying you for so long. You’re my favorite movie once again."
On June 12, 2012, The Criterion Collection released Harold and Maude for Region 1 on DVD and Blu-ray, both of which includes a collection of audio excerpts of director Hal Ashby from January 11, 1972 and of screenwriter Colin Higgins from January 10, 1979, a new video interview with Yusuf/Cat Stevens, a new audio commentary by Ashby biographer Nick Dawson and producer Charles B. Mulvehill, and a booklet which includes a new film essay by film and television critic Matt Zoller Seitz. Exclusive to the Blu-ray edition are a new digital restoration of the film with uncompressed monaural soundtrack and an optional remastered uncompressed stereo soundtrack. Other exclusives are a New York Times profile of actress Ruth Gordon from 1971, an interview from 1997 with actor Bud Cort and cinematographer John Alonzo, and an interview from 2001 with executive producer Mildred Lewis.
Harold and Maude is #45 on the American Film Institute’s list of 100 Years... 100 Laughs, the list of the top 100 films in American comedy. The list was released in 2000. Two years later, AFI released the list AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions honoring the most romantic films for the past 100 years, Harold and Maude ranked #69. In September 2008, Empire listed Harold and Maude as #65 in Empire's 500 Greatest Movies of All Time. Entertainment Weekly ranked the film #4 on their list of “The Top 50 Cult Films.”
In June 2008, AFI revealed its "Ten Top Ten"—the best ten films in ten "classic" American film genres—after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community. Harold and Maude was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the romantic comedy genre.
The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:
2000: AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – #45
2002: AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – #69
2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:
"If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out" – Nominated
2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:
Maude: "L-I-V-E! Live! Otherwise, you got nothing to talk about in the locker room." – Nominated
2006: AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – #89
2007: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – Nominated
2008: AFI's 10 Top 10:
#9 Romantic Comedy Film
At the 29th Golden Globe Awards, Bud Cort and Ruth Gordon received a nomination for Best Actor and Best Actress in a Musical or Comedy film, respectively.
The music in Harold and Maude was composed and performed by Cat Stevens. He had been suggested by Elton John to do the music after John had dropped out of the project. Stevens composed two original songs for the film, "Don't Be Shy" and "If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out" and performed instrumental and alternate versions of the songs "On the Road to Find Out", "I Wish, I Wish", "Miles from Nowhere", "Tea for the Tillerman", "I Think I See the Light", "Where Do the Children Play?" and "Trouble" which were either on the album Mona Bone Jakon or Tea for the Tillerman. Those albums had been released before the film. "Don't Be Shy" and "If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out" were not released on an album, until his 1984 compilation Footsteps in the Dark: Greatest Hits, Vol. 2.
There is some additional non-Cat Stevens music in the film. "Greensleeves" is played on the harp during dinner. During the scene where Harold is floating face-down in the swimming pool, the opening bars of Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1 are heard. A marching band is also heard playing a march titled "The Klaxon" by Henry Fillmore outside the church following a funeral.
The first soundtrack was released in Japan in 1972 on vinyl and cassette, (A&M Records GP-216). It omitted the two original songs and all instrumental and alternate versions of songs and was generally composed of re-released material that was in the film, along with five songs that were not in the film.
"Morning Has Broken" (not in the film)
"Wild World" (not in the film)
"I Think I See the Light"
"I Wish, I Wish"
"Trouble"
"Father and Son" (not in the film)
"Miles from Nowhere"
"Lilywhite" (not in the film)
"Where Do the Children Play?"
"On the Road to Find Out"
"Lady D'Arbanville" (not in the film)
"Tea for the Tillerman"
The second soundtrack was released in December 2007, by Vinyl Films Records, as a vinyl-only limited-edition release of 2,500 copies. It contained a 30-page oral history of the making of the film, the most extensive series of interviews yet conducted on Harold and Maude.
"Don't Be Shy"
"If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out"
"If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out (banjo version)"—previously unreleased
"Don't Be Shy (alternate version)"—previously unreleased
"If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out (instrumental version)"—previously unreleased
Bonus 7" single
"Don't Be Shy (demo version)"—previously unreleased
"If You Want to Sing Out, Sing Out (alternative version)"—previously unreleased
Colin Higgins later adapted the story into a stage play. The original Broadway production, starring Janet Gaynor as Maude and Keith McDermott as Harold, closed after four performances in February 1980.
A French adaptation for television, translated and written by Jean-Claude Carrière, appeared in 1978. It was also adapted for the stage by the Compagnie Viola Léger in Moncton, New Brunswick, starring Roy Dupuis.
Higgins expressed interest in 1978 about both a sequel and prequel to Harold and Maude. The sequel, Harold's Story, would have Cort portray Harold's life after Maude. Higgins also imagined a prequel showing Maude's life before Harold, Grover and Maude had Maude learning how to steal cars from Grover Muldoon, the character portrayed by Richard Pryor in Higgins' 1976 film Silver Streak. Higgins wanted Gordon and Pryor to reprise their roles.
Harold and Maude Wikipedia
Harold and Maude IMDbHarold and Maude Rotten TomatoesHarold and Maude themoviedb.org
Similar Topics8½
The Last Emperor
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Just advertising The sound is staggering from the first bars: polyphonic, melodic, then forcing stress, anxiety, suddenly sad and romantic, rock Gradsky so pristine and pure, which inadvertently forget about the absence on the stage of traditional rock 'n' roll or acoustic instruments... Read more - Songs on the music and arrangement. So, it all started with the «Skomorokhov» in 1966, where you played with Gradsky, Buynova and Shakhnazarov. What began themselves «Skomorokhs»? and the music!
Without the quotes
Magazine "THE WORLD OF STARS" № 1, 1992
Lately I can not help feeling as if someone's going to muddy the trail. When does a conversation with a famous person, you can be sure - there have already visited your colleague. And they left their mark. It is worth great effort to overcome prejudice and to make the interlocutor to perceive you as a specific individual, not as an abstract of the journalist, from which we can expect any kind of trick. Sometimes it is not possible. And then you get a set of polished phrases, which is as far from the real thoughts of man, as the furniture - from the green groves.
Miles pardon, pardon, please,
I have a loaf of twenty-eight,
say it is edible,
little rococo.
A. Gradsky - Monologue loaf for 28 cents of flour.
Alexander B. Gradsky agreed to meet me, the benefit of the relevant recommendations of the foresight, I made ??sure. However, to be interviewed refused. Do not talk to me, and from that the result was embodied in the form of direct questions and answers. And it forbade quoting remarks - I myself can not write everything I want, but the direct speech on his behalf should not be. There are no quotes! Otherwise - promised to sue.
But it scared me to no avail. I'm accepted his conditions, and that is enough. Quotes will not be.
БОЛЬШОЙ В МАЛОМ
Our country is very high, against the background of its vast expanses of domestic rock music seems to be quite small. And not just because of its relatively short life, ineradicable infantilism and retardation professional, but also because there are very few truly significant events are really great personalities.
The Soviet figure of Alexander Gradsky rock is particularly large. And the more noticeable, it is worth it alone, regardless of currents and fields. He had a singular whole area - they started, they will end. By the way, he is remarkably calm and indifferent even speaks of himself post mortem (after death) - as always, however, the artist, who had much to do. One only has released records either fourteen, or fifteen - he does not remember exactly. Each of them - it is serious work with your concept and perfect for its time form. Even earlier, such as suite "Russian Song". Gradsky did it when he was thirty. According to him, he was then balabolom - developed, well-read, but still slackers. Now it seems strange that he was capable of that.
Speaking of Gradsky place in the national popular music, you can put it nicely, likening its granite boulder overlooking the bulk of small pebbles. And you can tell a simple and austere, he creatively alone. According to his chosen path no longer followed. Highway of Russian rock paved Andrei Makarevich with his "Time Machine" - on it went, "Aquarium," "Nautilus Pompilius" and many others of our group, whose work has always been defining the "what" rather than "how" and the words were presented more important than the music.
Gradsky left alone, not because the way he saw another unattractive, but because it was inaccessible to most. Perhaps it was the only one among rock musicians who have received such a thorough academic training. Violin music school, singing in Gnessin Institute, the composition at the conservatory - a number of education would be enough of an entire group to look down on their fellow dropouts, so is it worth Gradsky reproach, that he is sometimes too strict in the estimates? Giraffe great, he knows better.
He is particularly demanding for those who like him, devoted to the mysteries of the profession. The plate is "Juno" and "Perhaps", he turned off the fifth minute, because he heard a baritone singing by notes. Rybnikov a good composer, but why let the drive on which a false lead singer?
WHITE CROW IN BLACK
The creative solitude Gradsky has a relative and I would say, purely local in nature. This does not, he broke away from the pack. When it is apparent propensity for black robes called Gradsky black sheep well, does not work. This flock flew the wrong way. Russian rock music has gone a different way than the world, the main trend is the consistent professionalization. Gradsky chose to go with the music world. However, he does not pretend that it was his way is the only true, however, is not inclined to turn a blind eye to the failures of his artistic opponents. He's aware of how our rockers tumbled down the shaft to the West, as they have done with the records and how miserably they failed. Just all of these records were very poorly made, it was very boring for the Western ear music.
He has a very just released in Japan CD. Talking about his success or failure is still too early, however, one in either case is undeniable - he's done professionally. Salt of this work - in unusual interpretations, sometimes brought to comic effect. However, the humor is accessible only to people knowledgeable, familiar with both classical and popular works, and pop music. That's why is called "Metamorphosis." Masterpieces of Verdi, Puccini and Donizetti coexist here with monster hits Lennon, Sting, Brel, Andrew-Lloyd Webber, Simon and Garfunkel, are the best, in my opinion, the composition of the Gradsky. Plus, a Japanese song in the original language - a tribute to hospitable hosts. Such a strange work, different voices (the tenor, the baritone), sung, arranged in different ways and, most surprisingly, does not leave the impression vinaigrette. The secret of its internal consistency is quite simple - as a man well educated, are not closed on the narrow style, Gradskij holds the fundamental truth: the music is one, its laws are binding on all fields.
FOOL law is not written
For all his conscious cosmopolitanism, Gradsky never forgot where he was born. He is convinced that on the basis of someone else's creation of new music is impossible. All the same fate - not our idea. If you want to develop it, be sure to find something that connects to the music with your national art, to find common points. If they are, the genre can grow here.
Ambiguous attitude to his massive penetration of our poor western music market products. Indeed, regular screening programs have "Superchennel," "MTV", the radio transmission of "Europe +" and other commercial stations can not go without our diversity is not accustomed to the brain. Alexander B. sees this as both good and evil.
Too bad that the flow of quality music alien is able to plunge the local musicians in the gloom and pessimism, saying that no matter how hard you try, so we still can not - that no, this is not, in short - too tight shoes. Still, people need to learn - and the audience too. And then we have a very bad trend. Some of our group, improved in professionalism, while losing fans. Amateurism was a feature of our society, from politics and ending with the bakery industry. The worst thing in the domestic manners - this is when an amateur beats his fists into his chest, arguing that the lack of basic skills, crafts and is the most hempen, true and natural. And in this case is the response from the audience, too, by the way, consisting of non-professionals in various fields. The worse a man is, so it is closer to it today he told us Laba, tomorrow - we have it. It is hoped that the rapid flow of quality imported music promoet all gyrus, and it becomes clear who is worth. Alexander B. suggested this idea in a very expressive and strong expressions. If I had the opportunity to use the quotes, they would certainly have quoted - too neatly and juicy it was said. And so - I can not. Politesse does not allow.
POOR do not understand
Talk to Gradsky nice and easy. People taciturn and unsociable among rock musicians are not uncommon. Interview with similar extraction process of the board of rusty nails. From Gradsky pull is not necessary - the very pops up. Unless, of course, talk to the interests of his subjects. Music in all its guises - is the hottest of them.
Speak to Gradsky music - it is not only pleasant but also useful: if you do not get hung up on an emotional form of expression, one can always learn new information for themselves. For example, I always felt a strange combination of our rich classical tradition, a strong academic school and the squalor of popular music. According to Alexander B., no paradox here. Just not all of us imagine the real situation in the academic music.
The traditions of classical learning, and she was laid to Bolshevism. And gradually lost. To confirm his words Gradsky offers to pay attention to the sound of the orchestra sound tracks of old movies. How to seamlessly play music! And what we hear now? Heaven and earth. For thirty, thirty-five years, the orchestra lost culture of the game - except for those rare events, such as, say, orchestras Svetlanov, Temirkanov and Pletnev. In the bulk of symphony orchestras, this decline can be seen with the naked eye. Why did this happen? Because the singer gets his own show much more than a musician who works in the orchestra. After graduating from the conservatory are all good musicians were soloists in, no one wanted to get two hundred rubles a month and plow from morning to night as Bobby - in orchestras were the only ones who had nowhere else to go. They began to leave the Jewish musicians, representing a great artistic value, and the bands - fall apart. Classical music - not for the poor.
Talking with Gradsky, quietly rejoiced: time-after all it is reached. Here, for example, Paul Dementiev, pet Kobzon. It seems just another song sung here by Alexandra Pahmutova. Lo and behold - even in Israel.
A person can live where he pleases, - the Gradsky. Now lives in Malta, a project tomorrow in Tokyo, the day after returning to Moscow. The question is, where his house. Maybe he can afford to buy an apartment in America, or mansion, and when the feel that this is his house, was then able to say that he lives in America. In the meantime, his home here.
The big man Alexander Gradsky live in a very small apartment. For a family with two children, two rooms are not so much. But they still live piano and a lot of books. Beautiful old furniture gives it a comfort, but does not do more spacious. Many of you have the same apartment, and someone, maybe even better. The area, however, a good - quiet tidy street between Lenin Avenue and Avenue of Vernadsky, live here mostly mediocre intellectuals, university professors are successful rock musicians. A more exact address and gentlemen racketeers and gangsters even take out for yourself.
In a small apartment seem particularly remarkable large red lampshades. These can not be bought - they were made to order from drawings by Alexander Borisovich. Once these were hung almost in every home. Similar, but not quite. Shades Gradsky - other, they both have the memory of those from my childhood. It was such a little man saw them. And then he grew up. But the shades were still great - they grew up with him.
BIG IN THE BIG
Cars, too, he prefers large. He loves to travel freely, to not want to jump out of the car quickly. On the "Lada" he always rode very fast, because she wanted to get there as quickly as possible and get out of relief. Now he drives a "Chevrolet." Very slowly, with dignity, like a white man. Is it comfortable in our environment have a car? Mend, really uncomfortable to ride and very comfortable. And soon it will be "Lincoln", "Town Car" - even healthier than the "Chevrolet" and, more importantly, the new - already bought, but here is not forwarded. And then the "Mercedes" all have.
Manners of the party, where the "Mercedes" is all he is well acquainted. I do not think they really like him, otherwise he probably would have tried to stay longer at the Bolshoi Theatre. And he sang only two performances, and does not regret that more did not happen.
Stargazer Party at "The Golden Cockerel," he suggested Evgeny Svetlanov. Maestro, apparently did not consider it significant that in the Big unlikely to be happy stranger - though with the academic school, but still a stranger, and with a fatal past. The news of this engagement was perceived as a sensation, and some people - as a scandal. Rumors, though Gradsky failed. At the same time came the cries of delight. Bolshoi Theater after all actually great: it employs a lot of different people - here and operatic tenor, and ballet dancers, and coaches, and cloakroom ... Everyone - his view on what is happening in the theater. Come see what's what, whose opinions about the artist carried the fame Party Stargazer - choreographer, actor Mimamsa or the driver stage?
Gradsky called to sing for the third time, but then he was ill and refused. Other suggestions are not followed. Why not? The answer is simple, like a cow mooing. While the play was not staged, full-time soloists showed no desire to be engaged in it - no one knew what dish comes out of this "Golden Cockerel". It is no coincidence it was the most vocally challenging party - Astrologer and the Queen of Shemakha - invited artists from the outside and sang Dodon intern. When it became clear that the show has turned his name in Japan, just as there were willing to learn, rehearse and play any number of submissions to the harsh conditions of capitalist exploitation, away from the socialist ideal.
Be on the site Gradsky anyone else, would probably have joined the fight for a place under the rising sun. Alexander B. did not. He says he once was.
But he is by nature a fighter. Do not just watch how he came into confrontation with the audience and took the upper hand. For some reason no luck on the teams concerts - every time he appears before the audience, willing to listen to someone else and does not hide his displeasure. But they usually parted friends. There was, however, a case where he did not break to pieces rejection of the public - all suggested that the thought of her and left. This was at the festival "Interchance-89", when in the second part was to speak Grebenshchikov, and fans of BG would not listen to anyone else. I think they would be able to Gradsky overcome, but did not. I'm tired.
Once the victory over the rebellious audience gave him pleasure. Now he is just too lazy to spend the gunpowder. Why this war? He has practically ceased to participate in the national teams programs. Agrees, in extreme cases where it is difficult to deny. It prefers recitals, which comes to the audience, understanding it perfectly. A tradeoff in detail the forces are not enough.
I am very easy to understand him when he says that he was tired. I'm tired not of himself in the music and the music in itself. Bytovuha devoured. Ceased to enjoy life as such. Is that only in New York. And in Moscow - a solid fight.
And this struggle is devoid of purpose. In his youth he sought to assert itself and its direction in music. And I am convinced that it has achieved. What more could you want? You can, of course, engage in professional improvement, he did not claim that has reached the limits of excellence. He just wants his achievements were highly appreciated, to be creative growth was marked by the recognition of the public. Or at least was reflected in the press, has been subjected to critical analysis, finally. Nothing. Well, the charts do not write it - it does not matter, Okudzhava not there either. It's a shame that the major work of its composer - music for productions of "Mowgli" and " Rasputin ", set by the Kiev Children's Theatre and the Ensemble Ballet on Ice "All-Star , "- hard not noticed by reviewers. Representation with successfully in the country and abroad, the public is crying from happiness, and the press portrays the famous sculpture: see nothing, hear nothing, nothing will not tell anyone. Bobrin puts "Rasputin", all interested to discuss how they figuryayut skaters, and nobody talks about what he had done Gradsky.
NOT AS A Daly - Turgenev
Do not believe the artist, who says if he does not care how he is treated - it does not happen. To afford this, you have to be Salvador Dali, to live in an old castle with a hundred-meter swimming pool.
If Gradsky was a lock, if he could make dinner for three hundred persons, and send children to teaching at Harvard, if he saw around palm trees, olive trees, but the Mediterranean beaches, and not the native industrial garbage, if not the dug the motor and did not change the wheels on the streets of Moscow, cursing, all in the shit, and would receive a daily basis gleaming limousine to the entrance, that's when he sneezed in the opinion of the crowd. But he lives here. And along with all standing in line for the sausage. Well, he has the means to go on the market. But there is no urine to see how jumping on a television screen next windbag - he becomes the first, he is the most popular, his records instantly swept from the shelves. At the banquet, he sits next to Gradsky ingratiating and looks him in the mouth, because everyone understands and knows his true worth. He did not sing, does not own an instrument, can not move as it should - no matter what it is not capable. But the audience is dragged from him, and not from Gradsky.
And then Alexander B. says to himself: "So, old man! Let's go to Tokyo!" And goes to Tokyo. Or in New York. And maybe, just leave. And here will come as Turgenev - shoot rabbits. If it is allowed, and if all the rabbits would not have eaten at that time. Together with the wolves.
Its audience is there for him - he knows. But it is not active, sits at home, listening to the plate - the plate again in the stores not lie, so - someone buys them. And the live audience in short supply, it is even said that and chandeliers hang. But his need for people for some reason he does not feel. And it is for the performer - the most terrible.
Maybe he lacks sensible administrator? Could be. But he would not want anyone else to create his audience that he loves. But in America without it, it seems, can not do? Yes, but there it occurs without the intervention of the Gradsky. They hear him sing, and the machine starts to work as if by itself. They all jerk - the country was. However, the illusions about America, he does not feed. Understands that the great success he had there would not be - not the age. But that will be evaluated as a good musician - is convinced.
Here everything is different. Do not just get, but you can not pay. He has long taught at the Gnessin Institute, but to collect their course at least two or three people, he was not allowed. And to educate people that take away someone else, the occupation is not very productive. Those guys who have already sent to him, he will bring to the issue, but hardly take up new ones. Even this outlet - the most like-minded people to grow up - for it is closed.
Unrealizable wishes it did not happen. He wants only what can be realized. I would like to, for example, to create its own theater. Not the same as that Alla, who looks like more on the Philharmonic, and the present - his home, with light, with a sound technique, in general - with all that is needed for the production of performances, preparation of television programs. From typesetting troupe - a performance of the season - on Broadway system. But for this project needs a lot of money. There is a kind uncle who wants to invest their money in the theater Gradsky - means the theater will be. A deal with cheap amateur under the guise of catchy, Alexander B. does not want.
Our country is still very comfortable for the talkers and slackers, for those who agree to have nothing, just to do nothing. For those who loves and knows how to work this hard. But it is not easy, and break away from the place where you were born and raised, it is difficult to begin life again, albeit in a great distance, but still in exile. We are too fixated on the country and can not understand that we live not in Russia, and on Earth. That's a Gradsky, as he admitted, is his own pain, with which it is very difficult to leave. Still, he hopes his children will live better. Better - there.
OTHER Gradskij
Family in his life means much more than it might seem. Olga, his wife, resumed his studies at the Economic Faculty of Moscow State University, which she was forced to temporarily leave because of the children. Two of them - a boy of ten years, Dan and charming five-year Masha. This is for them, he gathered his magnificent library to be free to gain the mind-the mind, not running around with friends and acquaintances in search of a good book, as it had a young Gradsky.
The attention he pays to the family, said inadequate - not enough time. And this is very bad, because the children are deprived of their proper participation, had copied his dad to borrow his good and bad sides. Sharpness, incontinence, for example. The very qualities that are so treacherously newspapermen, publishing his careless remarks about colleagues, and making him grouch and rowdy reputation. He's really saying what he thinks, but that he does not need the glory.
He does not want his son to go in the footsteps of his father, who received a classical education, not too engaged with serious music. And now Daniel plays the violin properly, can grow out of it a real musician. Well, no, no way. He's still geography, biology, enjoys, loves astronomy books to read, draw well. In general, small, not without ability.
Gradsky his children he loves. As he himself said, he had them kind of animal love. Especially when there was a girl. To the guy he was still quite a critical attitude, he could have his shpynyat, punish, and the rigor with Masha does not work. Even the comments to make, and it is impossible. She begins to sob, and Alexander B. immediately unstuck.
You see what it actually is. You thought perhaps that he is, what it shows on TV. And it is quite different.
Above all, he is not like most of those involved in our popular music. When you write about them, so tempted to put the word "singer", "musician" in quotation marks. About Gradskaya can confidently say - composer, lyricist and singer. Without the quotes.
Dmitry Lovkovsky
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Beach Town Sunrise
“Bitch” by ACORN
Photo By: Brittany Berggren
Photo By: Samantha Klose
Alexandria Corn
Alexandria Corn is a 24-year-old Country Pop singer/songwriter. Born and raised in Upstate New York, Corn always had a passion for performing which determined her move to Los Angeles after auditioning for the hit TV show American Idol. Corn made it all the way through the televised round before ending her journey at 17 years old. Shortly after, Corn traveled to Nashville to attend the CMA awards. There she met writer/publisher Jillian Farrar, where they wrote Corns first single “Say It Again” together. “Say It Again” was held on the top 40 Country charts on The Iceman Show (CMA affiliated) for 4 weeks, and was featured on VEVO Country.
More recently, Corn started working with Curt Chambers (Grammy nominated Producer and Songwriter), and together they created Corns latest single “Beach Town Sunrise.” Her song caught the attention of many festival bookers all around the US. The summer of 2017, Corn opened for Jake Owen in Huntington Beach (Coastal Country Jam), Chris Janson in New York (Big Frog 104 Frog Fest), Stagecoach VIP Party with Boots on Stage (featured in iHeart.com, Style And Society, Bazaar) and has shared the stage at Country Fest in Wisconsin with Blake Shelton, Thomas Rhett, Dan and Shay, Cam, Lucie Silvas and more. She has also opened up California’s Country festival “Shipkicker” for Lee Brice, Jerrod Neimann, The Swon Brothers and Honey County. More recently, she opened for Toby Keith, Frankie Ballard and Granger Smith at Country Jam in Huntington Beach, CA.
Corn has performed at venues all around Northern/ Southern California and Nashville. She has performed at many “Boots On Stage” events and was recently entered into the Nash Next 2017 Country Competition, taking place as a finalist for the Ventura County with KHAY fm.
Corn is up for three nominations for The California Country Music Awards that take place December 16th (Entertainer of the Year, Female Vocalist of the Year, and Best Song of the Year.)
alexandriacornmusic.com
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← Good News Friday – Shabbat Chanukah edition
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Antisemitism in America – Monsey stabbing attack is the worst in the latest wave
Posted on 1 January 2020 by anneinpt
The subject of antisemitism in America is something I never thought would become “a thing” and I certainly never imagined it would become a series to write about.
Scene of the Monsey stabbing attack
On Saturday night a domestic terrorist, for want of a better term, invaded a Chanukah party taking place at the home of Rabbi Rottenberg, a Hassidic Rabbi in Monsey and began stabbing and slashing the participants, injuring 5 people. One of them is in a critical condition.
Updated names for prayers.#MonseyStabbing pic.twitter.com/zngkE8NagT
— Chaskel Bennett (@ChaskelBennett) December 29, 2019
But the Monsey attack didn’t come out of the blue. It is not even the culmination of the recent antisemitic attacks taking place around America. Barely 2 weeks ago we witnessed the deadly attack on the kosher supermarket in New Jersey, and of course there have been 2 murderous attacks on synagogues, one in Pittsburgh and one in Poway, in the last year and a half.
Here is a short, rather horrifying video showing just a few of the latest attacks on Orthodox Jews in the New York area:
This is not Europe in the thirties, it is in the US on the eve of 2020, and its not just there its worldwide.
The new anti-Semitism is fueled by the growing hatred towards Israel, from the BDS organizations and all the disseminators of lies against us. pic.twitter.com/pfUY3zrW0q
— יוסף חדאד – Yoseph Haddad (@YosephHaddad) December 30, 2019
In my post about the Jersey attack I quoted Eli Steinberg, an Orthodox writer, who wrote about the deafening silence surrounding these attacks on Orthodox Jews. The crux of his argument is still valid:
What happens when the victims are people who publicly align themselves with the President? What happens when the people committing the acts of anti-Semitism against them aren’t white nationalists, but minorities — like the former Black Hebrew Israelite who committed the Jersey City murders?
Then we ignore it.
When people can only recognize anti-Semitism when it comes from the other side of the aisle, it isn’t ant-Semitism which bothers them; it is their political enemies. It isn’t Jew hatred that is at stake but politics, and winning.
Since the attack in Monsey, gallons of ink have been spilled in all the media, not just Jewish media but in the mainstream media too – finally! – about the rising levels of antisemitism and the physical danger facing Orthodox Jews in particular, (mainly because of their visibility).
Nita Lowey and David Harris in The New York Times talk about the right response to the antisemitic Monsey attack:
First, we need to recognize the problem for what it is: an epidemic. We are no longer talking about isolated, occasional actions — bad enough as those are — but a regular phenomenon. Like an epidemic, it must be treated comprehensively, addressing root causes.
Second, we must acknowledge that there are multiple ideological sources feeding this paroxysm of hate; it is not a result of a single political outlook. Some critics wish to exploit the issue to undermine their political opponents. That is no way to deal with anti-Semitism. There is no one-size-fits-all profile for the perpetrators of these attacks.
One of the people getting a lot of blame for allowing this latest antisemitism to occur is New York Mayor Bill De Blasio whose liberalism ignores left-wing or black antisemitism as he puts the blame only on the right-wing:
Mayor Bill de Blasio said Tuesday that anti-Semitism is a “right-wing movement” — while rejecting a claim that the left plays any role in discriminating against Jews.
“I think the ideological movement that is anti-Semitic is the right-wing movement,” de Blasio said at a Brooklyn press conference Tuesday about the increase of hate crimes in New York City. Hate crimes against all minority groups are up 64% compared to this time last year. Anti-Semitic incidents have spiked by 90%.
De Blasio said he did not agree with a claim by a reporter that there is also rising anti-Semitism “on the left in the BDS movement and around the world.” The Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement is a largely left-wing campaign to ban Israeli products.
“I don’t agree with the mayor,” said Chaim Deutsch, a Brooklyn Democrat.
“I have not seen any white supremacists coming in here committing these hate crimes,” he said.
Indeed, NYPD Chief Dermot Shea said at the same press conference that perpetrators of hate crimes “run the gamut” from teens, to people with mental illness, to first- time offenders, and career criminals.
In this vein, Karol Markowicz in the New York Post explains how liberals are helping antisemitism to flourish:
Mayor Bill de Blasio released his usual by-the-numbers statement. “Hate doesn’t have a home in our city,” he tweeted. But hate does have a home here, and it has found it while Hizzoner has mostly looked away.
The mayor added: “In light of recent anti-Semitic attacks, the NYPD will increase their presence in Borough Park, Crown Heights and Williamsburg.” But the recent attacks have spread to Midtown Manhattan and Gravesend, Brooklyn. The problem has gotten worse while inaction paralyzed the mayor.
I first wrote about the uptick in May. The reason the city’s liberal political class was ignoring it, I argued, is that the criminals don’t fit their picture of Evil Bigots. They aren’t, for the most part, MAGA hat-wearing white guys with tiki torches. In fact, many of the attackers are people of color, as investigative reporting by Tablet’s Armin Rosen and others has shown.
Imagine if they were white nationalists. How much faster would the mayor and other city leaders have taken action?
Will he face the facts now? Or will Jews need to actually die, not just be pummeled, for our leaders to grasp the threat?
“Anti-Semitism is an attack on the values of our city — and we will confront it head-on,” de Blasio tweeted after this latest round of violence against Jews in the city. He has to stop beating around the bush. These attacks aren’t an attack on “our values.” They’re attacks on visibly Jewish people.
Even Sunday, after the Monsey stabbings, he blamed Trump and “Washington” for creating “an atmosphere of hate.”
De Blasio needs to stop trying to find a “them” to be the opposite of his “us.” His juvenile obsession with having the right adversaries allows anti-Semitism to flourish.
Although it is politically incorrect to say this out loud, many if not most of these individual attackers (as opposed to the men who shot up the two synagogues) are black. What is causing the black community to turn on the Jews so viciously?
One very important reason is the far-left campaign of delegitimization of Israel, one of whose projects is the “Deadly Exchange” protest. This project protests the training of US police officers by Israeli police, claiming that this has encouraged the US police to kill black civilians. Of course nothing could be further from the truth, but as the proverbial saying goes, a lie is halfway round the world till the truth gets out of bed.
Prof. William Jacobson at Legal Insurrection has written a thorough analysis of this “Deadly Exchange” campaign, and its equally deadly results. It is a long read but very worthwhile and necessary in order to understand what is going on. Here are a few excerpts:
While this seems to come out of nowhere, in fact there has been a highly organized and aggressive campaign to stoke and exploit pre-existing racial tensions against Jews as part of anti-Israel activist tactics. The effort goes back decades to Louis Farrakhan, who serves as an inspiration for “intersectional” activists like Tamika Mallory, Carmen Perez, and Linda Sarsour, formerly of the Women’s March.
But more than anything in recent years, anti-Zionist groups, including anti-Zionist purportedly Jewish groups, have sought to turn Blacks against Jews for the purpose of demonizing Israel by blaming Israel and American Jewish groups for domestic police violence and other policing problems.
Leading the way has been the anti-Zionist non-Jewish group calling itself “Jewish Voice for Peace” (JVP), which launched the “Deadly Exchange” campaign in 2017 falsely tying anti-terrorism training of U.S. police chiefs during short visits to Israel with police violence in the U.S. That “Deadly Exchange” campaign now has spread more broadly to the anti-Israel community, where various groups led by JVP seek to disrupt and terminate U.S.-Israel police exchanges.
As detailed below, the recent deadly shooting of Jews in Jersey City was by a Black supremacist group which espoused conspiracy theories eerily similar to the Deadly Exchange propaganda. While not all of the recent attacks can be tied to such conspiracy theories, what cannot be denied is that JVP and the other anti-Zionist groups promoting Deadly Exchange are playing a deadly game by promoting false claims of American and Israeli Jewish responsibility for police shootings.
The claims that Jews are responsible for the spilling of minority blood in U.S. cities is reminiscent of ancient blood libels which incited pogroms against Jews. The anti-Zionist activists’ hoped-for uprising against Israel and Jews may be playing out in ways they didn’t intend, but that doesn’t justify the continuation of the Deadly Exchange incitement.
In one of our analyses of the program, Professor Miriam Elman explained the premise behind and methodology of Deadly Exchange:
Launched several years ago by JVP, “Deadly Exchange” falsely blames Israel and its American-Jewish supporters for fueling police brutality and discriminatory policing practices against minority communities in America, and militarizing the approach to crime and public protests.
At its root, the campaign traffics in tropes and canards about Jewish power in order to accuse Israel and US-based Jewish organizations, like the Anti-Defamation League (ADL), for conspiring to harm and oppress American black and brown people.
Since its launch, the Deadly Exchange campaign has been taken up by a variety of anti-Israel groups (including the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), the anti-Zionist blog Mondoweiss, and American Muslims for Palestine). Such groups undoubtedly hope to use the campaign’s purported concern for the welfare of Black- and Hispanic-American communities as a way to sever those communities’ previously robust relationship with American Jews.
Afraid of the power of traditional Black and Hispanic Christian identification with Israel, Deadly Exchange advocates seek to use the campaign to recruit minority populations to the anti-Israel movement instead.
With the support and collaboration of such anti-Israel organizations, JVP’s Deadly Exchange campaign has directly engendered public expressions of naked anti-Semitism.
Jewish Voice for Peace and its anti-Zionist allies may have thought they hit on a useful tactic in blaming Jews for policing in minority communities as a way to turn minority public opinion against Israel. But it’s a dangerous and potentially deadly game. It is a modern blood libel with the potential to incite antisemitism at a minimum, and violence in those who buy-into the conspiracy theories and have other axes to grind.
In this time when violence against Jews is spiking in the communities targeted by the Deadly Exchange campaign, it is time for people of conscience to speak out against the Deadly Exchange incitement.
Seth Franzman in the Jerusalem Post points out the “inconvenient antisemitism” that is being perpetrated in America – the fact that the perpetrators are not your usual white supremacists, but very often “people of colour”:
How did we get here? The motivation behind the Jersey City attack is clear from social media posts one of the perpetrators made, according to a research by the ADL. This included claims that Jews are “Khazars,” and that “Brooklyn is full of Nazis-Ashkenazis,” and that the “police are in their [the Jews] hand now.” The worldview matches with the larger milieu in which Jews are portrayed as not merely “white Jews” but in fact as controlling the slave trade and police violence. In this new antisemitism Jews are reframed as both being “fake,” as in not really Jews from the Middle East, and also being “white” and running white supremacism. This replaces German Nazis with Jewish Nazis; it replaces white supremacists with a hidden hand of Jews controlling both the American far-right and also the police. Instead of pushing back against this there are attempts to excuse it or just remain quiet about it and hope this antisemitism goes away.
Despite the way this this antisemitism has combined traditional antisemitism with a twist, turning Jews into “whites” as opposed to hating them for being wandering Middle Easterners, there is very little recognition that it is dangerous. This is despite hundreds of violent attacks over the years, primarily targeting Orthodox Jews. Now, this has resulted in murder. But many voices want to downplay it and explain it away. For instance, The New Yorker asked whether an “influx of Hasidic residents in the Greenville [Jersey City] neighborhood spur two assailants to embark on a shooting spree that left six people dead.” Jews, simply for moving somewhere, may cause a shooting spree, in this explanation. Jews are the only US minority group who, when they move somewhere, are accused of being an “influx.” Others have argued that we can’t even label the recent attacks “right wing” or “left wing” because it’s totally different to “white nationalists whose beliefs are based on antisemitism.”
A review of the discussion about the New York City attacks reveals an America that has trouble adjusting to and describing antisemitism when it comes from unexpected perpetrators. This is partly because the general view of racism in the US is that racism is not just about racism but about power. That is why in the US people look for racism in “white privilege” and the way racist views can be perpetuated even through code words and social settings and institutions. Confronted with the idea that minority groups are also racist, such as Hispanics using the n-word, there is a struggle to come to grips with how to define and confront. With the Jewish community there has been an agenda to argue over its relative “whiteness” and insofar as Jews are then removed from the intersectional agenda of minority groups fighting white privilege, Jews become either a separate category or part of the oppressive majority. This is odd but it is part of a wider agenda to assert that Zionism is racism and Jews are somehow linked to far-right groups through Israel and Israel is a modern apartheid colonialist structure. These ideas didn’t inform the Jersey City killings, but they are part of the milieu that informs those who might excuse the attacks.
In a similar vein Debbie Hall writing at Israellycool talks about “The Elephant in the Room” of black antisemitism – and is justifiably upset:
We are told that as non-black people that we don’t have a right to police black people or the leaders they choose. We are told as non-black people that Farrakhan has done amazing things for the black community and because of that, it’s perfectly okay that he is considered a leader in the black community, despite his violent, antisemitic rhetoric. As a non-black person and as a Jew, I’m here to tell you unequivocally that it is NOT okay that Louis Farrakhan is an accepted leader in the black community and I will tell you why. If you want to have the right to claim that racists against black people should be shunned, taken to task, and rejected by society (a stance that I agree with 100%), then you have to be prepared to do the same for the bigots among you. Otherwise, your appeals to anyone else to reject racist leaders are hypocritical, you will have lost all credibility, and you are no longer justified in making that demand of others.
Right now, white supremacists are laughing at both of us. They hate us both and black people are doing their dirty work. They are celebrating these attacks on Jews by people of color. The black people committing violence against Jews have put themselves in a subservient role to white supremacists by attacking their enemy for them and going to prison for them. While we should be uniting and fighting white supremacists together, you are in fact, making them stronger and in the end, they’ll be coming after you once the Jews are out of the way.
Antisemitism is rising all over the world – in Europe, in Britain (although maybe it will improve now with the election of Boris Johnson and the defeat of Jeremy Corbyn) and now in America. In all these places the hatred emanates from both the right and the left. In all these places it seems harder for society to acknowledge the hatred from the left. After all, the left are the righteous ones, the ones with their heart in the right place, the ones who fight for social justice.
But in America this right-left divide is complicated by the issue of race. It is something that the entire society has to face up to in order to defeat this evil phenomenon, before it consumes them all.
This entry was posted in Antisemitism, Incitement, International relations, Terrorism and tagged anti-Zionism, antisemitism in America, BDS, black antisemitism, Deadly Exchange, incitement, Monsey, New York, stabbing, US Jewish community. Bookmark the permalink.
12 Responses to Antisemitism in America – Monsey stabbing attack is the worst in the latest wave
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seriouslyseekinganswers says:
I would agree. I see the hate as coming from all sides.
Thank you for your comment and for stopping by my blog. I like your blog too!
Of course left wing Jewish groups like Jewish voice for peace,or JStreet,also help to fan the flames.This infuriates me,as they are doing a deadly disservice to their own vrethren.Where are groups like Black lives matter?but in a Jewish mode?
Another dangerous occurence,is that bail for these perpetrators who don’t actually kill,” just threaten or punch people in the face” are released without having to post bail,until their trial.
There is absolutely no deterrence for anyone wanting to bash up a Jew.Can you imagine if a Jew were to punch a coloured person in the face?What brouhaha would ensue?
I think the 1930’s has arrived in the States.Just terrifying
You are absolutely right in all that you say. The “Jewish” “peace” groups are neither Jewish nor for peace. They are not even pro-Palestinian really. They are anti-Israel and anti-Jewish, never mind what their name is. It’s the same thing as the Jewish Voice for Labour in the UK, which is also not actually Jewish. So these groups harm those whom they purport to protect – that’s nothing new, it’s only new in this latest edition.
You are quite right about the bail issue. I was going to mention it in my blog and forgot. That is a sign of liberalism gone mad – so open minded their brains fell out.
David in PT says:
Time for American Jews to go on to the offensive and attack pre-emptively black supremacists?
I wouldn’t advise pre-emptive attacks though it’s a tempting thought. It doesn’t go down well in Israel let alone in the US. But certainly a Jewish defence force – JDL anyone? The Jewish community does have a Shomrim group but I don’t know if it’s strong enough or big enough.
Shirlee Finn says:
I do wish the US and the UK would learn from us in Australia. Other communities in the Diaspora come here to see what we do and how we do it, and all are impressed. One of the most impressed was Naftali Bennett. Despite the differences of different groups on how we practice our religion, we co-exist and collaborate very well.
We have our CSG – Community Security Group ( I can only speak for Sydney) which along with our Board of Deputies, are highly organised. They train parents to be on guard at school start and end.
I know in the UK the BoD is national. Here every state has an organisation like the BoD. We have an excellent national organisation the ECAJ – Executive Council of Australian Jewry who are very active and marvellous at lobbying nationally. http://www.ecaj.org.au/
We have support from the police, the media and most politicians, that’s how we beat the BDS. That’s now non-existence in this country apart from a tiny group of loony leftists in South Australia. All very much ‘past’ it and nothing to worry about. Only about 80 Jews left there now. Youngsters have left for areas with more Jews and most parents have followed.
The BoD lobbied the State Government who have increased out security funding considerably in light of the events in the UK and the US.
The UK will be no better without Corbyn, The seeds have been sown. From the Midlands north, antisemitism has always been rife. Given the issues in that part of the world with Pakistani Muslims and antisemitism plus their hatred of Israel, it will only fester and grow.
I agree that the Labour party is now so infected with antisemitism that even if Corbyn goes nothing much will change – unless that is the entire leadership is changed. Can’t see it happening but you never know.
But for the moment Jews are still physically safer in Britain than they are in America. It’s a very scary situation.
It’s not only the Labour Party.
Judenhass grows worse the farther north one goes. My husband, from the Midlands was repeatedly attacked for being a Jew growing up.
One of his sisters lives in Yorkshire. The first time back in England visiting. She made a huge point of telling us not to mention we were Jewish or to mention Israel. My goodness, that’s what I was warned of when I visited the Shomron with and Arab from Ramallah. (Friend of Kay’s Anne)
Her children didn’t know they were Jewish and her sons were not circumcised.
I certainly never experienced it growing up in the shetl of the East End of London.
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P&RA
200 - Personnel-General
Numerical Index
Classification Guide
Section: 200-13
Supersedes: 7/21/1971
Next Review Date: TBD
Issuance Date: 11/14/1984
Issuing Office: Conflict of Interest
PPM 200-13 Policy [pdf format]
PPM 200-13 Exhibit A [pdf format]
PPM 200-13 Supplement I [pdf format]
REFERENCES AND RELATED POLICIES
"Compendium of Specialized University Policies, Guidelines and Regulations Related to Conflict of Interest," Revised April 1984, see Supplement I
Consult this compendium in addition to this policy should the question of a possible conflict of interest arise.
Guidelines for Disclosure and Review of Principal Investigator's Financial Interest in Private Sponsors of Research and Independent Substantive Review, Revised April 1984.
UCSD Policy and Procedure Manual (PPM)
523-9 Employee-Vendor Policy
To establish procedures for the review of Principal Investigator's Statements of Economic Interests, Exhibit A, and identification of designated University officials who are required to file Statements of Economic Interests. This policy also incorporates the Employee-Vendor policy as established in August, l982.
After consulting these policies, guidelines and regulations, if questions have not been answered, consult the Conflict of Interest Coordinator, Ext. 6465.
The University's overall policy on conflict of interest is that none of its faculty, staff, managers or officials shall engage in any activities which place them in a conflict of interest between their official activities and any other interest or obligation. The University's Conflict of Interest Code, developed in response to the Political Reform Act of 1974, requires that all University employees and officers disqualify themselves from participating in a University decision when a financial conflict of interest is present.
Designated Officials
University employees and officers who are in positions which make decisions or participate in the making of decisions which may foreseeably have a material effect on their financial interest are Designated Officials. These positions are identified by the Fair Political Practices Commission.
The University of California's "Policy on Disclosure of Financial Interest in Private Sponsors of Research" implements regulations of the California Fair Political Practices Commission. The Policy requires that a Principal Investigator disclose whether he or she has a financial interest in a private sponsor of a research project funded in whole or part through a contract, grant, or gift of $250 or more from a non-governmental entity. The required disclosure is made using a Principal Investigator's Statement of Economic Interests, Form 730-U, Exhibit A, when a gift has been given and/or a proposal has been submitted to a non-governmental entity.
Accordingly, gifts or contracts/grants awarded to the University are reviewed according to pre-determined principles and to other established policies guiding the conduct of sponsored research. An Independent Review Committee comprised of faculty with varied fields of expertise will apply these principles in their considerations to assure the Principal Investigator, the University community, and the public of the proper conduct of the review process. The following principles apply:
Traditional conflict of interest situations should continue to be avoided.
Research is appropriate to the University.
The teaching and research environment is open.
Freedom to publish and to disseminate research results is preserved.
Licensing agreements require thorough review.
University facilities and resources are used appropriately.
A conflict of interest occurs when an employee has a financial interest in a University decision. There is a financial interest if an employee can reasonably foresee that the decision will have a material effect on:
Any business for profit or any real property, located in California, which has a direct or indirect worth over $1,000.
Any source of income (other than loans made in the regular course of business by a commercial lender) totaling $250 or more in value received or promised within 12 months before the decision is made.
Any business entity in which an employee is a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, or holds any management position.
Disqualification Requirements
If an employee determines that a financial conflict of interest does exist; in order to disqualify him/herself from making or participating in the making of a University decision, an employee must:
Notify the Conflict of Interest Coordinator, the department head, and the immediate supervisor in writing, briefly stating the reasons for disqualification.
The disqualification statement will be placed in the employee's personnel file and the supervisor will assign the matter to another employee.
The disqualified employee must refrain from participating in any way in the decision or use employee status to influence any other person with respect to this matter.
Designated officials shall file required Statements of Economic Interests within time limits prescribed by law.
Designated Officials must:
File a financial disclosure statement within 30 days of assuming office;
Disqualify themselves from participating in decisions in which they have a personal financial interest;
File an annual statement provided by the Office of the President; and
File a financial disclosure statement within 30 days of leaving office.
Staff and Academic Personnel Offices must:
Notify the Conflict of Interest Coordinator of changes in personnel in designated positions;
Include information on the Conflict of Interest Code in job announcements for designated positions.
Provide the ``Political Reform Act Disqualification Requirements'' pamphlet to all new career employees as well as to each career employee every other year; and
Review all new classifications with the Conflict of Interest Coordinator to determine if the classifications are eligible for submittal to the Fair Political Practices Commission as designated positions.
Conflict of Interest Coordinator must:
Personnel Offices of designated positions on an annual basis.
Notify and provide forms to designated officials to file on assuming or leaving office.
Annually update Designated Officials list to submit to the Office of the President.
Submit to the Office of the President new classifications (position descriptions) deemed appropriate to be presented to the Fair Political Practices Commission for consideration as designated positions.
Principal Investigators must disclose any financial interest in private sponsors of research. The term ``financial interest'' means:
A direct or indirect investment in the sponsor worth more than $1,000 (also known as ``Equity (Ownership) Interest''), or if a Principal Investigator's spouse or dependent child has a financial interest in the sponsor; or spouse, or dependent children own directly, indirectly or beneficially a 10 percent interest or greater in any business entity.
A position as director, officer, partner, trustee, employee of or any other position of management in the sponsor, or
Income from the sponsor (including consulting income) of $250 or more in value, or $50 if the income was a gift, received by or promised to the Principal Investigator within 12 months prior to the time an award is made.
Statement of Economic Interests, Exhibit A
Principal Investigator (PI)
Completes a Principal Investigator's Statement of Economic Interests, Form 730-U, Exhibit A, obtained from the Office of Contract and Grant Administration or Development in the following situations:
Before final acceptance of a contract or grant proposal ($250 or more) from a non-governmental entity; or
Before final acceptance of a gift from a non-governmental entity which is earmarked by the donor for a specific research project or a specific Principal Investigator; or
Before final acceptance of renewed contract or grant funding from a non-governmental entity; or
A contract or grant has expired; or
Gift funds have been completely expended.
Forwards completed Principal Investigator's Statement of Economic Interests to Office of Contract and Grant Administration along with contract or grant proposal, or to Development Office along with Gift/Private Grant Acceptance Report.
Principal Investigator's Statement of Economic Interest is not required if the donor is on the Exceptions List of Non-Governmental Sponsors of Research issued by the Vice President-Academic Affairs. The exceptions list is on file at the Office of Contracts and Grants and the Gifts and Endowments Office.
Office of Contract and Grant Administration or Development
Sends Statement of Economic Interests to Principal Investigator before a contract, grant or gift is accepted.
Reviews returned Statement of Economic Interests for completeness.
Then forwards Statement of Economic Interests to Conflict of Interest Office with a copy of the proposal if a positive statement is received.
When grant/contract project is completed, requests Statement of Economic Interests from Principal Investigator.
Conflict of Interest Office
Reviews Statement of Economic Interests for completeness.
If answers to questions in section C and D are ``No'' (recorded as a ``negative statement''), maintains the official public record of the Statement of Economic Interests.
If answers to any questions in section C and D are ``Yes'' (recorded as a ``positive statement''), requests additional information from the Principal Investigator through a supplemental questionnaire or other inquiries. If a positive statement, any monies received under a contract, grant or gift may not be expended until the Independent Review Committee and the Chancellor have formally reviewed and approved such acceptance. Such monies received prior to the above approval shall be retained by the Accounting Office in a Cash Received Undistributed or Interest Bearing account.
Refers positive Statement to the Independent Review Committee on Conflict of Interest.
Advises the Office of Contract Administration and/or the Development Office of the outcome of the review.
Supplies updates of exception list to Gifts & Endowments and Contracts and Grants Offices.
Independent Review Committee on Conflict of Interest
Reviews the Statement of Economic Interests and accompanying documents, guided by the following practices and applying them as appropriate:
Assures adherence to relevant University policies, guidelines, and regulations.
Considers to the extent possible, the nature and extent of the financial interests in the relationship of the Principal Investigator to the sponsoring entity.
Gives special consideration to conditions of research agreements and the relationship between the Principal Investigator and the sponsor.
Obtains additional information from the Principal Investigator when necessary.
Incorporates into the review the principles as determined by policy which are:
In the conventional sense, conflict of interest refers to situations in which employees may have the opportunity to influence the University's business decisions in ways that could lead to personal gain or give advantage to firms in which employees have an interest. Principal Investigators, like all University employees, are expected to continue to separate their University and private interest in accordance with existing University policies and State law.
Research is appropriate to the University
The research must be appropriate to the mission of the University, i.e., promising significant contributions to scholarship and knowledge and, when possible, providing appropriate opportunities for students. The suitability of the research should be judged according to the standards of the discipline and should be guided by the principles and policies of Regulation 4, Special Services to Individuals and Organizations.
The teaching and research environment is open
The teaching and research environment should continue to promote the free exchange of ideas, information, and materials among students and faculty in all of their forums-classrooms, laboratories, meetings, and anywhere in the University. Selection of students for participation in the research project should not be inappropriately influenced by the interest of the sponsoring firm.
Freedom to publish and to disseminate research results is preserved
Consistent with current University policies, there should be no limits placed on the freedom to publish, except for short periods of delay that permit a sponsor to comment or to permit filing of patent applications in coordination with University of California patent policies.
Licensing agreements require thorough review
If the principal investigator has a financial interest in the sponsoring firm, justification for granting of an exclusive license to the sponsoring firm will require careful review to ensure that the best interests of the public and the University are served. This review should be coordinated with the Office of Contracts and Grant Administration for consideration in the negotiation of patent rights. If necessary, the Office of Contracts and Grants will contact the Patent Administrator for assistance.
University facilities and resources are used appropriately
As is currently the policy, University resources-supplies, equipment, and facilities, as well as staff time-must not be used for the benefit of the firm without proper compensation
Employee-Vendor Policy (see PPM 523-9)
It is University policy to separate an employee's University and private interests and to safeguard the University and its employees against charges of favoritism in the purchase of goods and services. No purchase of goods or services shall be made from any employee or near relative thereof unless there has been a specific determination that such goods or services are not available from either commercial sources or the University's own facilities.
An employee must submit a report to his/her department when making a proposal, or learning that one has been made, and when any of the following circumstances exists:
The employee acting alone proposes for a consideration to rent or sell goods or to provide services to the University.
The employee owns or controls more than 10% interest in any business which proposes for a consideration to rent or sell goods or to provide services to the University.
A near relative of the employee, acting alone or under the direct or indirect suggestion of the employee, proposes for a consideration to rent or sell goods or to provide services to the University.
A near relative of the employee owns or controls more than 10% interest in any business which proposes for a consideration to rent or sell goods or provide services to the University.
If the requesting department determines that the described goods and services are available from commercial sources or campus facilities, but due to unusual or extenuating circumstances desires an exception to the Employee-Vendor Policy, the department then submits a request for exception to the Purchasing Division.
Purchasing Division then reviews the departmental request and recommends to the Material Manager that an exception be granted where such request provides sufficient justification.
The request for exception is then approved or disapproved by the Material Manager.
Supplement I
COMPENDIUM OF SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY POLICIES
GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Standing order of the Regents 103.1 (b), Special Provisions Concerning Officers, Faculty Members, and Employees of the University-Service Obligations
University Regulation No. 3, Privileges and Duties of Members of the Faculty
University Regulation No. 4, Special Services to Individuals and Organizations
University Regulation No. 5, Academic Freedom
University Policy on Faculty Conduct and Administration of Discipline, including The Faculty Code of Conduct
Policy on Outside Professional Activities of Faculty Members
Policy on Additional Compensation for Services as Faculty Consultant, Academic Personnel Manual
Statement on Conflict of Interest
Instructions to Review and Appraisal Committees, Academic Personnel Manual
Policies Regarding Patents
Policies on Appointment of Near Relatives
Policy on Acceptance or Offering of Gifts and Gratuities by University Employees
Policies Applying to Campus Activities, Organizations, and Students (use of university facilities
Conflict of Interest Code (financial)
Policy Regarding Employee-Vendor Relationships
Materiel Management, Business and Finance Bulletin BUS-43
Independent Consultants, Business and Finance Bulletin BUS-43
Internal Audit Code of Ethics 6
University of California Police Rules and Regulations
Policy on Disclosure of Financial Interest in Private Sponsors of Research
Standing Order of The Regents of the University of California 103.1(b), Special Provisions Concerning Officers, Faculty Members, and Employees of the University-Service Obligations (January 22, 1971).
No portion of time due the University shall be devoted to private purposes and no outside employment shall interfere with performance of university duties.
University Regulation No. 3, Privileges and Duties of Members of the Faculty. Section 3a (February 15, 1935).
Faculty are assumed to devote full ``working'' time to the university. Service includes classroom teaching, conference with students, studying and writing, research, committee work, administration, and public service, with time devoted to each varying with, and dependent upon, involvement with each type of activity.
University Regulation No. 4, Special Services to Individuals and Organizations (June 23, 1958) and Principles Underlying Regulation No. 4 (June 23, 1958).
Faculty may render professional or scholarly services for compensation and may engage in the practice of their professions to maintain professional competency if such service does not interfere with university commitments and if it gives experience and knowledge of value to his teaching or research; is suitable research through which he may make worthy contributions to knowledge; or is appropriate public service. When consultants or outside services are such as to interfere with recognized university duties, they may be undertaken only on the basis of a leave of absence. University laboratories, bureaus, and facilities are not to be used for work of a purely commercial character except when it can be shown conclusively that satisfactory facilities for such services do not exist elsewhere.
University Regulation No. 5, Academic Freedom (June 15, 1944).
The function of the university is to train students in process whereby truth is to be made known. Its obligation is to see that conditions under which questions are examined are those which give play to intellect. To convert or make convert is alien and hostile to this dispassionate duty. When considering political, social, or sectarian movements, they are to be dissected and examined-not taught-and the conclusion left to the logic of the facts.
University Policy on Faculty Conduct and Administration of Discipline (June, 1974), including The Faculty Code of Conduct (May, 1974)
The policy includes in its statement on ethical principles that the professor ``determines the amount and character of the work he does outside his institution with due regard to his paramount responsibilities with it---'' The policy also lists as one type of unacceptable conduct the ``unauthorized use of university resources or facilities on a significant scale for personal, commercial, political, or religious purposes'' and contains sanctions where abuse is demonstrated.
Policy on Outside Professional Activities of Faculty Members (April 13, 1979).
Amplifies previously issued policies on expected duties of a faculty member and clarifies expectations of performance of compensated or uncompensated outside professional activities which relate to a faculty member's academic specialty. Requires annual reports on such activities to departmental chairpersons.
Policy on Additional Compensation for Services as Faculty Consultant, Academic Personnel Manual Section 664 (October 1, 1981).
If not regularly engaged on the project concerned, a member of the faculty may, on occasion, receive additional compensation for consultant services on projects conducted under the auspices of the university
Statement on Conflict of Interest (issued by the President, October 5, 1967 and October 12, 1967).
The statement recognizes the potential conflict of interest from sponsored research, consulting contracts, and staff involvement in the management of private companies and illustrates for guidance the kinds of situations which may give rise to conflicts of interest (excerpted from a 1964 joint statement of the American Council on Education and the American Association of University Professors).
Instructions to Review and Appraisal Committees, Academic Personnel Manual Section 210 (June 21, 1977).
The instructions state the ``Superior intellectual attainment, as evidenced both in teaching and in research or other creative achievement, is an indispensable qualification for appointment or promotion to tenure positions.'' Creative work includes recognized artistic production in architectural or engineering design; professional competence; demonstrated distinction in the profession; and public service, service to the community, state, and nation.
University Policy Regarding Patents (April 1, 1980).
In order to equitably administer intellectual property, the discoveries and inventions of members of the faculties, employees, and others associated with the university are subject to the patent policy. The use of university facilities or services, particular assignments of duties, possible claims of a cooperating agency where research is supported from extramural funds, and other situations may give rise to a complex of interrelated equities or rights. Specific requirements of the policy are set forth, including No. 4, which states: ``An agreement to assign inventions and patents to The Regents, except those resulting from permissible consulting activities without use of university facilities, shall be mandatory for all employees---'' By letters of March 13, 1980, January 14, 1976, and July 14, 1976, and their attachments, President Saxon extended patent policy regulations to non-compensated researchers, certain visiting scholars and consultants, and graduate students.
Policies on Appointment of Near Relatives, Academic Personnel Manual Section 520, revised 1971, and Staff Personnel Policy 211.26 (January 1, 1980).
Appointment of near relatives in the same department is permitted, subject to reasonable safeguards against conflict of interest.
Policy on Acceptance or Offering of Gifts and Gratuities by University Employees (February 6, 1980).
No officer or employee should accept any gift or gratuity from any source which is offered or appears to be offered because of the university position held by the officer or employee. This document also prohibits offers of a gift or gratuity by university officers or employees and defines gifts and gratuities.
Policies Applying to Campus Activities, Organizations, and Students (January 3, 1979).
Included in this document is the policy that university facilities may be used only for university-related purposes or in furtherance of such purposes.
Conflict of Interest Code (financial), approved by the Fair Political Practices Commission, January 26, 1978, with requirement of April 1, 1980, as the date for initial filing.
The Code requires public filing of financial disclosure statements by designated officials and disqualification from governmental decision-making of any employee who has a financial interest. Programmatic teaching and research decisions under the Code.
Policy Regarding Employee-Vendor Relationships (August 19, 1982).
Goods or services shall not be purchased from a university officer, employee, or near relative unless there is a specific determination that the goods or services are not available otherwise.
Materiel Management, Business and Finance Bulletin BUS-43 (October 22, 1979).
Part 2: Responsibility and Authority, Section X (p. 15a), Personal Purchases.
University credit, purchasing power, and facilities shall not be used to purchase goods or services for individuals or non-university activities. Organizations and activities closely allied to or officially associated with the university (such as a faculty club or an ASUC), with the approval of the chancellor, may be permitted to purchase materials that are not subject to federal tax through the campus Materiel Management Office.
Part 9: Employee-Vendor Relationships (pp. 35-37).
Determination-No purchase, lease of goods, or contract for service shall be made from any employee or near relative unless there has been a specific determination by the Materiel Manager or designee that goods or service are not available either from commercial sources or from the university's own facilities.
Inspection-The responsible administrative officer or representative whenever necessary to ensure an understanding of facts presented shall inspect the business premises and records of an employee-vendor or near relative-vendor from whom the university is considering acquiring goods or services.
Exceptions-Each responsible administrative officer is delegated authority, within constraints imposed by the Political Reform Act, for approving exceptions to policy when there are unusual or extenuating circumstances. This delegation may be redelegated to specific designees, but this authority may not be further redelegated.
Introduction (pg. 1) and Appendix B, Principles and Standards or Purchasing Practice Advocated by National Association of Purchasing Management, and Code of Ethics of National Association of Educational Buyers.
The university is committed to maintaining high standards of preformance based upon fair, ethical and professional business practices. It, therefore, expects each Materiel Manager and anyone else authorized to make purchases to abide by the purchasing codes of conduct attached in Appendix B.
Independent Consultants, Business and Finance Bulletin BUS-43 (July 8, 1981).
Proposals from independent consultants shall include the name and university position of any officer, faculty member, or other employee of the university who holds a position of director, officer, partner, trustee, manager, or employee in the consultant organizations. Selection of the independent consultant shall be made on the basis of qualifications, resources, experience, needs of the university, and cost to the university. In the selection process, any officer or employee participating in the decision must keep in mind the disqualification requirements for financial conflict of interest of the State of California Political Reform Act of 1974. The university policy regarding employee-vendor relationships applies to services as an independent consultant. if an employee-vendor relationship exists, the reporting requirements of Business and Finance Bulletin BUS-43 shall be followed. (NOTE: These provisions apply also to independent contractors.)
Ethical Professional Conduct: Internal Audit Code of Ethics
The university subscribes to the Code of Certified Internal Auditors, which subscribes to avoidance of any conflict of interest or manifestation of bribery.
University of California Police Rules and Regulations (March 1, 1974).
The regulations include the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics as an introduction and a section on Code of Conduct for University Police employees. Specifically, employees shall conduct their private and professional lives in such a manner as to avoid bringing discredit upon the department or upon themselves and, for example, shall not solicit or accept gratuities, use one's position to obtain privileges, or permit endorsement for advertising purposes based upon the employee's university position.
Policy on Disclosure of Financial Interest in Private Sponsors of Research (April 8, 1982).
University Policy on Disclosure of Financial Interest in Private Sponsors of Research issued by President Saxon on April 9, 1982, and State regulations mandated by the Fair Political Practices Commission under the Political Reform Act (2 Cal. Admin. Code Section 18705) require that a principal investigator must disclose whether or not he has a direct or indirect financial interest in the sponsor of research which is funded in whole or in part: 1) through a contract or grant of $250 or more with a non-governmental entity; or 2) by a gift from a non-governmental entity which is earmarked by the donor for a specific research project or a specific principal investigator, provided the amount of the gift, or the aggregate over a 12 month period, from the same donor is $250 or more.
When an interest by a principal investigator in the sponsor is disclosed, a campus committee must review whether or not the contract, grant or gift can be accepted.
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Brexit implications for employment law
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Last reviewed 2 July 2021
Opeyemi Ogundeji, researcher and employment law writer at Croner-I, explores key things employers should note on the implications of Brexit on employment law.
Coronavirus news has dominated the headlines for the past year, but the Government’s plans are still underway. On 23 June 2016, the UK voted to leave the European Union (EU). Originally scheduled for 29 March 2019, the date the UK was to officially leave the EU was delayed to 31 January 2020, and on this date, the UK left the EU.
Although a withdrawal agreement was successfully negotiated and passed by both the UK and EU Parliaments, a transition period remained until the end of December 2020 giving both bodies ample time to work out future trade agreements.
The main impact of Brexit in employment law terms will be seen in the recruitment process as immigration laws change. Employers are already under an obligation to take steps to ensure that workers have a right to work in the UK and this process is altered because of Brexit. “Free movement of persons” which permitted all EU citizens, as well as those from Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway (EEA countries), and Switzerland to live and work in the UK ended on 31 December 2020.
Between 1 February 2020 and 31 December 2020, EU/EEA/Swiss citizens were still able to come to the UK to work without having to obtain permission before their arrival. Since 1 January 2021, the transition period and free movement ended. This means that EU/EEA/Swiss citizens arriving in the UK need to gain permission to work here, as is currently the case with non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens.
In March 2019, the UK introduced an EU Settlement Scheme to register EU nationals already residing in the UK before it departed from the EU. Likewise, before a localised coronavirus incident turned into the pandemic as we know it, further immigration measures were taken in the form of amendments to the already established points-based immigration system.
EU nationals living in the UK by 31 December 2021 can continue to do so despite Brexit. The Government's EU Settlement Scheme was introduced to allow existing EU nationals residing in the UK to apply for settled status post-Brexit. To make use of this scheme, employees must have been in the UK by no later than 31 December 2020, with the subsequent deadline for applications being 30 June 2021.
This means that employers are able to retain any EU nationals who are already part of their workforce (by 31 December 2020) if they apply for settled status by 30 June 2021.
Employers must not exert any unnecessary pressure on individuals or expose them to any form of detriment if they choose not to apply for settled status.
It appears that 30 June 2021 is a soft deadline for applications; the Government has confirmed that late applications can be made.
Employees who have made an application by 30 June 2021 but have not yet received an outcome maintain the right to work pending the final decision. They must provide a Certificate of Application to their employer who must then follow that up with the Home Office Employer Checking Service.
Employers who identify that an employee whose right to work is subject to the EU Settlement Scheme has not applied by the deadline are able to follow a six-step procedure to give them further opportunity to apply.
Applicants will be asked to declare any criminal convictions that appear in their criminal records, either in the UK or overseas. Individuals will also be checked against the UK’s criminal database. If they have been to prison, they will usually need to have five years’ continuous residence from the date of their release.
Individuals will not be asked to disclose spent convictions, cautions, or alternatives to prosecution such as speeding fines.
Points-based immigration system
As of 1 January 2021, EU citizens (who do not have settled/pre-settled status) and non-EU citizens are treated the same under a “points-based system”’. Under this new system, non-UK citizens who seek to work in the UK, following the end of EU free movement on 31 December 2020, will need to meet certain criteria before they can be allowed to do so.
Points up to a total of 70 are to be awarded to those seeking work in the UK as follows:
having a job offer from an approved sponsor
seeking to undertake a job of an appropriate skill level
English speaking abilities
salary level from £23,040
job offer within a shortage occupation
academic qualifications achieved at PhD level.
These new rules are likely to have an impact upon employers who have come to rely on so-called low-skilled labour from the EU. In particular, there is expected to be a knock-on effect in the hospitality and catering industries, alongside agricultural operations that make use of seasonal workers from overseas. Although the Government does appear to want to provide a degree of flexibility to tackle these potential issues — by making some requirements “tradeable”— employers should not believe that their sector will automatically meet the requirements of having a skills shortage just because they are struggling to source workers.
Parting note
These immigration changes represent a clear goal to reduce the number of low-skilled migrants coming to the UK and, if this is something an employer’s business relies on, they should consider steps they can take to limit the potential impact. Employers can:
encourage eligible EU nationals already working for the business to apply for “settled status” under the EU Settlement Scheme before any extended deadline
provide assistance, if possible, to those who wish to apply
explore possibly increasing the skills levels of current staff members, something that may encourage their retention and progression into roles that may be difficult to fill in future.
Additionally, the implications of Brexit are likely to be wide-reaching and it is currently unclear how other areas of employment law will be affected as a result. To this end, it is important that employers keep up to date with all immigration and employment law developments as Brexit progresses, and make sure staff are given all the information they require.
Recruitment and Migrant Workers
International Recruitment in the NHS
UK REACH
This page covers
EU exit watch — New year, new Brexit negotiator
Full customs controls introduced from 1 January 2022
EU exit watch — Limited progress as another year ends
EU exit watch — Brexit impacts trade more than Covid
EU exit watch — Supply chain problems
International recruitment in adult social care
Brexit and settled status — right to work checks
Employment of EU citizens post-Brexit
Post-Brexit immigration policy
EU-UK Trade Cooperation Agreement and imports from Japan
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Azurity Pharmaceuticals Completes Acquisition of Arbor Pharmaceuticals
WOBURN, MA & ATLANTA, GA (September 20, 2021) – Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Azurity”) is pleased to announce the closing of its acquisition of Arbor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Arbor”), as previously announced on August 24, 2021. The acquisition creates a leading company offering innovative, high-value products to meet the unique needs of patients with underserved conditions.
With this acquisition, Arbor is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Azurity. The two companies will begin to integrate their operations over the coming months and will operate as Azurity post-integration.
About Azurity Pharmaceuticals:
Azurity Pharmaceuticals is a privately-held, specialty pharmaceutical company focusing on the needs of patients requiring customized, user-friendly drug formulations and dosage forms. Azurity’s patient centric products span the cardiovascular, neurology, gastro-intestinal and institutional markets. Azurity’s products have benefited millions of patients for which conventional oral dosage forms are not ideal and whose needs are not served by other commercially available therapies. For more information, visit www.azurity.com.
About Arbor Pharmaceuticals:
Arbor Pharmaceuticals, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, is a specialty pharmaceutical company marketing FDA-approved prescription products in the neuroscience, cardiovascular, and institutional markets. In addition to an extensive pipeline, the company actively pursues growth through acquisition and licensing of late-stage development products. For more information, visit www.arborpharma.com.
For Azurity Pharmaceuticals
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Owaisi hits back at Khadse, says he is hypnotised by Sanatan teachings
September 30, 2015 by zahed
Hyderabad: All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM) president Asaduddin Owaisi on Tuesday lampooned Maharashtra Revenue Minister Eknath Khadse for his comments on banning his party, saying the latter was hypnotised by Sanatan Sanstha teachings.
“Eknath Khadse seems to have been hypnotised by the teachings of Sanatan Sanstha. Eknathji perhaps chooses to forget that Sanatan Sanstha doesn’t believe in the Indian Constituion. The AIMIM on other hand, does believe in it,” claimed Owaisi.
“They (Sanatan Sansthan) doesn’t believe in the electoral system of our country, they believe in the caste (Varna) system, but the AIMIM believes in the Constitution and is devoted to fight for the rights of minorities and backwards,” he added.
Owais also said that Khadse is compelled to shield people from the Sanatan Sansthan because he himself belongs to it.
“By giving these kinds of remarks the cabinet minister is hinting that the accused is not guilty, and you will see that after 90 days, he would get the bail,” he added.
Khadse had earlier compared the AIMIM to the Sanatan Sanstha, and said if organisations could be banned without evidence, then the AIMIM would have to be banned as well.
Categories Hyderabad, Top Stories Tags Owaisi, sanathan Post navigation
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Matt Leinart Just Might Be An NFL Al Gore
By Jess Root Aug 29, 2010, 11:26am MST
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One of our own here at SB Nation Arizona has said that we should keep politics out of sports, but there are times when the politics of sports mirror the politics of the world.
Take Matt Leinart, for example. His plight is quite similar to a politician we all once knew--the 2000 version of Al Gore.
Gore was second fiddle to a very popular and successful (in many Americans' eyes) president in Bill Clinton, who had served two presidential terms. Leinart backed up Kurt Warner, probably the Cardinals' most popular and definitely the most successful quarterback in the history of the franchise. Warner had led the Cardinals to two division titles and a conference title.
Clinton and Warner both retired; Warner by choice, Clinton because of the Constitution. Both Gore and Leinart were poised to take the reigns as leaders of their situation. For Gore, the electoral process was supposed to be easy, almost a formality. For Leinart, after sitting in the shadow and tutelage of a possible Hall of Famer, he was supposed to take over and show everyone why he was so highly touted coming out of USC, where he lost a total of two games in his career.
Unfortunately for both, there were some unfortunate turns of events. In Gore's case, an awkward but hard-working guy named George came on to the scene and gained momentum. Gore stayed the course, working hard, but never doing anything flashy. People said he was boring. He was set on not screwing things up. After all, it was his election to lose.
In Leinart's case, he became boring. He had been the party animal and was called "Hollywood" by many. He worked hard to stay out of that scene and lost his edge. Along the way to what should have been his becoming the starter, Derek Anderson comes along. Much like Gore, Leinart became boring, but as a quarterback. He became a guy who didn't take big risks, just trying to hold the fort until the regular season when he would take over as starting quarterback. Anderson was a big risk, big reward guy who could kill you as quickly as he could get you going.
On election night, Gore was prematurely named the winner of the election. Early in the offseason and even into the preseason, Leinart was named the starter. That was also premature. The voting tides turned in Florida much like the quarterback situation did for Leinart before Saturday's preseason game against the Chicago Bears.
Bush was named the winner in the 2000 election and Anderson was placed in the starting role against the Bears. Neither Gore nor Leinart were willing to concede. Gore battled in court for every vote he could in the state of Florida, believing wholeheartedly that he was truly the presidential winner. Leinart fought back in his performance against Chicago and stated that he hadn't lost the job.
Both had to leave the decision to someone else. Gore waited for the court's decision, while Leinart waited on Ken Whisenhunt's choice.
History tells us that the presidential decision dragged on. The quarterback situation for the Arizona Cardinals currently is doing the same.
Gore lost in the end, disappeared from politics, got fat, and grew a beard. Political parties are not kind to losing candidates who were expected to win. He later came back and made a name for himself on screen (his documentary "An Inconvenient Truth") and then for winning the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize.
Unfortunately for Leinart, if this continues as it did in 200 for Al Gore, we know how this is going to end. Anderson will be the starter and Matt will soon disappear from the NFL. No other team will want to touch him. After all, he couldn't beat out a guy who couldn't beat out Brady Quinn, who might not beat out Tim Tebow, who many don't think will be any good as a quarterback.
If that happens, Leinart may very well grow a beard and get fat, but there is a silver lining, just as there was with Gore. He will find success and fame on screen--as a TV personality for ESPN breaking down college football with other NFL quarterback flame-outs like Jesse Palmer, Brock Huard, and Andre Ware.
Of course, there is the other thing to consider. Gore lost, George W. Bush became president, then terrorists blew things up in our country, we started a war, the real estate market crashed, the economy took a dive, and unemployment skyrocketed. If Anderson wins the job, what would that mean would happen here?
On second thought, maybe it would be better after all if Leinart becomes the starter.
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Armifera is a progressive thrash metal band based out of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The aggressive energy in their music reflects the influences of late 80’s Bay Area thrash blended with progressive melodies reminiscent of the new wave of British heavy metal.
Named after a Latin word meaning “warlike, to bear arms or armor”, the band’s writing reflects their views of modern day politics and the importance of freedom. The song for their first official video “Iron Entities” tells the true story of a WW2 tank battle between Allied and Nazi forces. The title track of their debut album 'Eradication' is a straight up in your face anthem on the brutality of war and total devastation.
They spent their first year establishing themselves around Alberta as high-octane performers, playing with the aggressive intensity Thrash is famous for. In between starting mosh pits (sometimes on stage), the band spent some time in 2011 filming scenes for a feature in an independent horror film titled 'Heavy Metal Horror'. Later that year, Richard would move to Ontario and the band would recruit guitar player Jordan Tuttle to fill the void. With the final addition of Patrick Kennedy on bass, Armifera began recording their first album, later released in May of 2013 on the HPGD Productions label.
Since the release of Eradication, the band has been playing the indie circuits including favorite summer festivals such as Loud as Hell, Farmageddon Open Air and Alberta's Own.
The Hidden Order:
The Hidden Order otherwise known as The Brotherhood of the Watchers is a group formed in the middle ages of various members of other secret societies. Their aim was to observe and record the secret motivations and manipulations going on behind the scenes of what we know as history. Seekers of truth, the Brotherhood fight to expose the real story. They fight against the passive acceptance of what makes it through main stream media and in to the "official" history books, encouraging people to question what they're fed and to seek deeper answers.
Armifera Uses:
Eradication 6:37
Woven Mist 5:34
Iron Entities 4:08
System of Secrecy 5:44
Blunt Force Trauma 7:16
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Addison Trail Provides Resouces for Students to Obtain Scholarships
Covid-19, News / By Mahid Qaiser
As the school year rolls on many AT seniors are thinking about their future, especially how they are going to pay for it.
By now most seniors have already applied for colleges and are now preparing to set off on their own. One of the biggest considerations that seniors have to prepare for is the cost of college. This is because of the exorbitant cost of tuition in the United states. According to the average cost of college in the United States is $35,720 per student, per year. According to the Department of Education, the average cost college has tripled in 20 years, with an annual growth rate of 6.8% meaning that it has become harder and harder for students to pay for college. As a result of this many students have been relying on scholarships to pay for college but this may be difficult as a result of Covid-19.
Despite remote learning, much of the scholarships process is the same process as usual. This is because applying to scholarships is always done online and not in person. Addison Trail has been using a scholarship google classroom for the past year which has been especially useful during remote learning. “We implemented the use of the Google Classroom March 24th of last year and the use continues this year,” says guidance counselor Sofia Daly who helped create the scholarship google classroom when the lockdown first started last year. “The only change is our process of requesting official transcripts. Last year the students had to email/contact our counseling chair, and this year we have a google form,” she continues.
As a result of covid many seniors have also felt that it has become easier to apply and receive scholarships as well.
“Scholarships have been much easier to be granted to students as many students’ financial situations have dramatically changed, providing them the ability to be granted more money by most colleges,” says senior Luis Aguirre. “Furthermore, since colleges are no longer looking at standardized testing it has become easier to apply to colleges and universities overall,” finishes Aguirre.
The real struggle has been getting the information about scholarships out for students. With so many scholarships out there it can be confusing for students to decide which ones are right for them. This is why Addison Trail is holding scholarships workshops every Thursday from 2-3 PM on zoom, where students can learn more about which scholarships are available and how to obtain them. The workshop can be accessed through this link: https://dupage88-net.zoom.us/j/4312357610
It’s clear that although this has been a tough year for students scholarship opportunities are still widely available. Through the google classroom (which can be joined through with the code q35iozt) and the scholarship workshops, Addison Trail has been providing opportunities for students to get the money and resources they need to be successful in college.
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The Search for Identity in the novels of Virginia Woolf | Ana Todor Blog Journey | Virginia Woolf
17 May The Search for Identity in the novels of Virginia Woolf
Posted at 17:26h in Literary Analysis by Ana Todor 0 Comments
The First World War was one crucial event that changed the face of literature forever. A generation of writers became paralyzed by the extreme destruction that war brought about, showing a face of human nature that was never before seen. Gertrude Stein liked to refer to this generation as „the lost generation” because for the first time the vision upon the world was fully shattered and writers could not find anything else to envision but the absurdity of human destiny in the cataclysmic context. The changing times demanded different, new modes of expression. Modern writers, like James Joyce made use of stream of consciousness techniques to crystallize the inner monologue of characters. But these were not simple stylistical devices. Their main role was to convey the irregularities of thought, but this further led to underlining the irregularities of human experience. For the first time, existence is hopeless, idenitity is void and writers themselves sought to discover a new sense of identity, as if the human spirit had once again lost its innocence and had been cast away from the Garden of Eden. Among all the writers, Virginia Woolf is probably the best one to describe this modern interbelic search of identity.
“In the vast catastrophe of the European war,” wrote Woolf, “our emotions had to be broken up for us, and put at an angle from us, before we could allow ourselves to feel them in poetry or fiction” (The Common Reader). A literary genius, her identity crisis was doubled by her battle with mental illness. Virginia Woolf experienced her first bout of mental illness after her mother’s death, and she suffered from mania and severe depression for the rest of her life.She lost weeks of precious work time due to her bouts with mania or with depression, and it is said that she was plagued, during these times of madness, by voices in her head.
Mrs. Dalloway, published in 1925, is one of the best novels to express the identity confusion in post-war England. The novel is centered on the subjective experiences and memories of characters over a single day in post–World War I London. It is divided into parts, rather than chapters to underline the fine thread of interwoven thoughts. Woolf focuses here on commonplace tasks, such as shopping, throwing a party, and eating dinner, her intention being to show that no act is too small to trigger feelings and memories in the characters (and further down the line, in the reader). The writer chooses to underline this loss of sense of identity even through the technique of the novel. Although it has a main protagonist, Clarissa Dalloway, several other characters and over one hundred minor ones appear to orbit her and surpress her inner thoughts with little pause for transition. All their thoughts spin out confusingly like spider webs, suffocating all sense of existence with impressions that saturate the mind. It’s almost as if the reader is listening to a multiple broadcast of voices, out of which he only manages to discern one at a given time. What is most important is that sometimes the threads of thought cross and characters succeed in communicating. But, more often, these threads do not cross, leaving the protagonists isolated and alone in their search for identity. Woolf herself terms this vortex of thoughts as the “cotton wool” of life in her autobiographical collection of essays Moments of Being (1941).
It is in this confusion of thoughts and feelings that the heroine of the novel, Clarissa Dalloway, struggles to balance her internal life with the external world. At the surface, her world is glittering with fine fashion, parties, and high society, but as she moves through that world she is in a continuous search for deeper meanings. There is a constant tension between the private world and the public one in Mrs. Dalloway. For example, Clarissa has a tendency toward introspection, which makes her always desire a silent space for her emotion. At the same time though, she is always concerned with appearances and keeps herself tightly composed, seldom sharing her feelings with anyone.
She likes to draw people away from her true nature with a constant stream of trivial chatter which may make her shallow for those who don’t know her well. There is a second tension of a different nature that shatters Clarissa apart and that is the conflict between the present and past memories. Clarissa cannot shake away the omnipresence of death, even when she makes life-affirming actions, such as buying flowers. She constantly has doubts about her relationship with Richard and sometimes believes she could have been happy with Peter. And she cannot forgive herself for giving away passion in order to benefit from the comodity of an upper-class life. The protagonist’s search for identity is so dire, that she even gets to the point of doubting her sexual nature.
The image of her kissing the best childhood friend Sally Seton haunts her all throughout the book as one of the most pleasurable moments of her existence. This image is not only of a Sapphic but also of a feminist nature, as the two girls are shown as kissing eachother while Clarissa’s father (the symbol of patriarchy) and other young men discuss on very serious subjects:
Sally stopped; picked a flower; kissed her on the lips. The whole world might have turned upside down! The others disappeared; there she was alone with Sally. And she felt that she had been given a present, wrapped up, and told just to keep it, not to look at it – a diamond, something infinitely precious, wrapped up, which, as they walked (up and down, up and down), she uncovered, or the radiance burnt through, the revelation, the religious feeling!
Although every character in Mrs. Dalloway is of interest, one character in particular has been constructed as the exact mirror of the main character. This character is Septimus, a veteran of World War I who was injured in trench warfare and now suffers from shell shock. Before the war, Septimus was quite a successful young poet and lover of Shakespeare, but when the war broke out, he enlisted immediately for romantic patriotic reasons. He became numb to the horrors of war and its aftermath. Now Septimus sees nothing of worth in the England he fought for, and he has lost the desire to preserve either his society or himself. Suicidal, he believes his lack of feeling is a crime. Clearly Septimus’s experiences in the war have permanently scarred him, and he has serious mental problems. However, his psychiatrist does not listen to what Septimus says and plans to separate Septimus from his wife and send him to a mental institution in the country. At this point, he commits suicide.
But we could say Septimus is Clarissa’s substitute. Actually, Woolf originally planned to have Clarissa die at the end of Mrs. Dalloway, but she decided instead to create a double for her. Septimus would die in Clarissa’s place, while Clarissa continued to endure. There are some differences between the two, apart the obvious physical and social ones. Clarissa can still cling to social meanings, while Septimus sees them as meaningless. While Clarissa is able at any point to gather her thoughts and greet the world as a sharp diamond (Woolf uses this metaphor to convey the rough power the character has to make people come together), Septimus has lost the ability to focus or distinguish reality from his own visions. Septimus’s inner world overflows into the public sphere, whereas Clarissa’s interior remains contained. Septimus cannot continue his search for identity, while Clarissa remains determined in her search. At the same time though, the two are very much alike. Each enjoys being at home in the domestic sphere, and quotes Shakespeare. Both have an instinctive horror of those who crave power. And both Clarissa and Septimus see the importance of nature. In fact, at the end of the novel, in a very direct link, Clarissa “felt somehow very like him—the young man who had killed himself.” She realizes that Septimus’s death is, like her party, an attempt to communicate in a world that has stopped listening. This moment is an epiphany, when Clarissa realizes that Septimus is in some way a part of herself.
And this is how we get to the means in which characters can escape from their identity crisis and find temporary healing. In Virginia’s fiction, characters occasionally perceive life’s pattern through a sudden shock, or what Woolf called a “moment of being” – a feeling of extreme pleasure often accompanies epiphanies, which grants intensified knowledge about one’s state of being in the world. Suddenly, the person can discern reality and his or her place in it, clearly. Virginia Woolf’s “moments of being” occur when one receives an emotional blow similar to a physical “shock” that disrupts the ordinary flow of perception and manages, as Wordsworth phrases it to “see into the life of things”: a moment in which we know that we are. That is why her novels attempt to uncover fragmented emotions, such as desperation or love, in order to find, through “moments of being,” a way to endure.
The search of identity theme is also central in To the Lighthouse. Although all the characters engage themselves in the same quest for meaningful experience, the three main characters have vastly different approaches. Mr. Ramsay’s search is intellectual; he hopes to understand the world and his place in it by working at philosophy and reading books. Mrs. Ramsay conducts her search through intuition rather than intellect; she relies on social traditions such as marriage and dinner parties to structure her experience. Lily, on the other hand, tries to create meaning in her life through her painting; she seeks to unify disparate elements in a harmonious whole.
Just like the characters in Mrs. Dalloway, these ones experience varying degrees of success in their quest for meaning, but none arrives at a revelation that fulfills the search. As an old man, Mr. Ramsay continues to be as tortured by the specter of his own mortality as he is in youth. Lily, too, manages to wrest a moment from life and lend to it meaning and order. Her painting is a small testament to that struggle. But, as she reflects while pondering the meaning of her life, there are no “great revelations” but only “little daily miracles” that one, if lucky, can fish out of the dark. Mrs. Ramsay, as she resembles Mrs. Dalloway most closely, is the only one which achieves “moments of being” in which life seems filled with meaning, but, as her dinner party makes clear, they are terribly short-lived. Virginia Woolf insists on the fleetingness of these intense feelings, and on a concomitant desire to preserve some essential truth about these moments through textuality.
What is more fascinating is that Woolf believes the material of memory and the material of writing are generated from the same thread. Writing occurs as a response to being, while being itself is experienced most fiercely in the fleetingness of epiphanic time. Writing the past constitutes both the possibility for healing and the source of what she calls the “real.” The “real” exists both “behind appearances,” as though it were a secret, hidden from everyday view, empirically inaccessible in all but the most intense moments, and it is simultaneously what Woolf fashions for herself with language. In this formulation, transcribing or translating experience into words is the means through which a trace of the “real” becomes actualized and “whole,” as Virgnia Woolf articulates a theory of experience where the written word not only marks but makes reality. The word thus repeats what has been indistinctly perceived, and it is precisely this repetition that brings existence, proper, to prior experience. Language in this way is necessary to the very condition of being and knowing. For Woolf, a “real” exists, always, somewhere, as though it were associated with place, but for the most part we are unable to access or perceive it, unless it is through memory: certain moments from the past “can still be more real than the present”.
This is why, only one month after the First World War armistice, Virginia Woolf was disappointed with the fact that “The war is already almost forgotten.” The devastation of the war, although only a few weeks old, had ceased to properly signify. The war would not be “already almost forgotten” if the population felt connected to the war, not as history, but as memory – as an event intimately bound up with their own desires, aspirations, and subjectivities. This is a point Virginia Woolf repeats in Mrs. Dalloway, when Richard Dalloway moves through the London cityscape with a rare gift for Clarissa, “grasping his red and white roses together”: “Really it was a miracle thinking of the war, and thousands of poor chaps, with all their lives before them, shovelled together, already half forgotten.” Fighting against cultural amnesia Virginia Woolf was already diagnosing a failure to incorporate the Great War into existing structures of cultural cognition. And with it, the source of this loss of identity went suddenly down the drain, leaving people to forever feel in the dark for a deeper meaning.
featured identity literary criticism narrative voice
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Andrew Bushnell
Key Lesson Is That A Bold Agenda Is Possible
This piece originally appeared in the Australian Financial Review on 6 December 2016. It was co-authored with John Roskam.
The New Zealand prime minister is rightly being showered with praise from over this side of the Tasman. Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull said Key’s resignation was “a great loss to New Zealand and a great loss to the world”. Tony Abbott congratulated Key for a “fine innings”.
Key’s shock resignation yesterday comes with his three-term government, first elected in 2008, in a strong position to retain government at next year’s election.
Our political class should not only ponder Key’s electoral success but the bold policy agenda that made it possible. The lesson of Key’s stint in office is that it is possible to stand on principle and build widespread popular support for economic reform.
In Australia too many people have written off policy reform as too hard. Or alternatively they’ve argued that what policy reform there is must inevitably involve higher taxes, more regulation and bigger government. The John Key experience shows that argument is not true.
A measure of Key’s boldness can be judged by the size of his cuts to unsustainable government spending. By 2018 government spending as a share of the economy will have fallen to 32 per cent – in 2010 it was 40 per cent. New Zealand’s budget is now in surplus.
When Key came to power, his country was reeling from the effects of the global financial crisis. New Zealand was in recession, inflation was spiking and unemployment had more than doubled over the preceding two years.
In response, Key’s government took action to remove structural impediments to economic growth. Personal income taxes were cut and with the top marginal rate falling from 39 per cent to 33 per cent. Significantly there is no income tax-free threshold in New Zealand. This is important because it ensures as many as people as possible have a stake in the government because they know they are paying for it.
Key didn’t shy away from away from hard decisions. He increased the GST from 12.5 per cent to 15 per cent, and they pushed on with the partial privatisation of state-owned enterprises, including the iconic Air New Zealand. He also changed workplace relations law to give small business greater flexibility in hiring.
Beacon of clarity
And on the world stage, Key was a strong voice for free trade. He publicly defended the Trans-Pacific Partnership and signed New Zealand up to the deal this year. Fittingly, the finalised proposal was signed by potential members in Auckland.
Apart from one or two missteps (including the poorly-received referendum on changing the national flag), Key was consistently able to connect to Kiwi voters and bring them along with him as he pursued complex, but vitally important, policy. New Zealanders knew who John Key was, and they knew the policies that his government would pursues.
New Zealand voters responded positively to this clarity of vision.
The challenge for Australians is for us to match Key’s purposefulness. In this country we tend to be satisfied too often with fiddling at the margins. Admittedly John Key didn’t have a recalcitrant senate to deal with, but even so he had his own country’s bizarre electoral processes to manage.
The Coalition did succeed in getting rid of the carbon and mining taxes, but as yet has failed to build a case for reducing government and liberating the economy from the burdens of over-regulation.
In Australia federal government spending remains at post-GFC levels, about 24 per cent of GDP, and failed to cut the Commonwealth bureaucracy..
For business, the policy environment remains unhelpful, even punitive. Corporate tax remains high, even as competitor countries cut theirs. And notwithstanding some worthwhile industrial relations reforms achieved in recent weeks the Coalition is yet to undo Labor’s re-regulation of the labour market
The politics of tax reform still bedevils the Coalition. Earlier this year, an increase of the GST was floated and then shot down within a couple of weeks, after the first sign of opposition, while a proposal to give the states income taxation power lasted no more than a day.
And Abbott’s government started full of ideas about reforming health and welfare spending but was quickly scared off. The best it could do was reduce the rate of growth of entitlement spending from recklessly unsustainable to unsustainable but less conspicuously so.
And so our two sister countries provide a study in contrasts. Over the past decade, one has pursued a series of hard reforms, and its economy has thrived and its leader is leaving to sustained applause. One has shied away rom decision, has weak growth and growing political unrest, and has cycled through five different changes in leadership.
It is time to remember one of the old maxims of government: good policy is good politics. John Key proved it, and his example could not be clearer for any Australian leader who cares to follow it.
auspol
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Don't label heroin users as 'junkies'
"People should stop calling heroin users "junkies" or "addicts", an influential think tank on drugs has said. The UK Drug Policy Commission said such names stigmatised users and made it more difficult to get off drugs.
Its report suggested that the policing of drugs on the streets and methadone programmes forcing users to go to chemists were "publicly humiliating".
Instead, the study said that British society needed to show more compassion towards drug users. Authors of the six-month report said the terms "junkie" and "addict" were distrustful and judgmental and led to feelings of low self-worth among drug users.
"The crux of this problem, I'm afraid, is the persistent view that drug addiction is the problem of the addict," he said. [It isn't??]
Drug addicts have for some time been referred to simply as "users" in professional circles -- but even that vague term has already acquired a tone of contempt.
By JR on Wednesday, August 25, 2010
Eugene August 26, 2010 at 2:29 PM
How is giving them a false sence of self worth going to help them change. If they feel good about being "junkies", why would they ever stop?
Self esteem has to be real and earned otherwise it is counter productive. As a attorney I represented a lot of criminals, all of them had high self esteem, which is why they stole your car. They deserved it more than you. Often they would become violent when they came up against some one who was clearly better than them. The answered with violence because they didn't know how to deal with it in any other manner. False slef esteem had robbed them of the ability to improve themselves or how to deal with others. So they end up in prison or dead from an overdose, but at least they weren't publicly humiliated.
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Alex Murdaugh’s alleged victims sound off at hearing: ‘He stole every dime I had’
January 11, 2022 by Deshmukh Junaid
A South Carolina judge said Monday that she would decide at a later date whether to reduce a $7 million bond for Alex Murdaugh, the disgraced attorney accused of stealing $6.2 million from several former clients, including a highway patrolman, a quadriplegic man, and the sons of his late housekeeper.
Dick Harpootlian, one of Murdaugh’s attorneys, argued that his client is not a flight risk and is no longer a danger to anyone because the “tools that he allegedly used to steal money from these folks are no longer available to him.”
One of Murdaugh’s alleged victims, South Carolina Highway Patrolman Thomas Moore, said that Murdaugh was “always very nice” to him after he suffered a devastating neck injury while in the line of duty, but claims the attorney conned him out of $125,000 in settlement funds.
“Here’s the problem. He treated me that nice and he stole every dime I had from the injury that occurred,” Moore told the judge on Monday.
Alex Murdaugh awaits the beginning of his bond hearing in the Richland Judicial Center in Columbia, S.C., Tuesday, Oct. 19, 2021.
(AP Photo/Lewis M. Levine, Pool)
Murdaugh’s legal troubles began in June after his youngest son and wife were found shot to death on the family’s Colleton County estate.
Months later over Labor Day weekend, Murdaugh allegedly hired a former client to shoot him so that his oldest son, Buster Murdaugh, could collect on a $10 million life insurance policy.
ALEX MURDAUGH: SC BANK CEO FIRED OVER EX-LAWYER’S ALLEGED SCHEMES TO DEFRAUD DEAF QUADRIPLEGIC, OTHERS
After the botched suicide attempt, Murdaugh spent weeks at rehab centers in Georgia and Florida for an opioid addiction, then was arrested in October on charges that he stole $3.4 million from the sons of his late housekeeper, Gloria Satterfield, who died after tripping and falling in the Murdaugh home in 2018.
Eric Bland, who is representing Satterfield’s sons, said Monday that his clients want to ensure that Murdaugh “doesn’t try to take his life like he did, evidently in early September.”
“I think he holds the answers to how all this happened, and who was involved,” Bland told the judge.
State police say Murdaugh was arrested Thursday, Oct. 14, 2021 at a drug rehab facility in Orlando, Fla., where his attorneys say he has spent the past six weeks since claiming he was shot in the head. (Orange County, Fla. via AP)
Justin Bramberg, an attorney for several of Murdaugh’s alleged victims, said that he takes issue with the idea that Murdaugh wouldn’t flee if he was let out on bond.
“This idea that Alex Murdaugh has never attempted to flee – that’s a skewed view of reality here. Suicide is the ultimate attempt to flee,” Bramberg told the judge.
“The money that was misappropriated and stolen from them wasn’t just fun money, it wasn’t just ‘I’m going to go to Las Vegas and gamble’ money. This was money that was supposed to be used to compensate them for injuries, so that they could afford medical care.”
Alex Murdaugh walks into his bond hearing Thursday, Sept. 16, 2021, in Varnville, S.C. (AP Photo/Mic Smith)
Defense attorneys argued that the $7 million bond effectively amounts to no bond at all because Murdaugh is broke.
“Mr. Murdaugh does not have $7 million or anything close to that amount,” his defense attorneys wrote in a filing last week. “Mr. Murdaugh is a man who cannot pay his phone bill.”
The deaths of Murdaugh’s son and wife remain unsolved and the disgraced attorney claims he had nothing to do with their murders.
Judge Lee said she would take the arguments “under advisement” and issue a written ruling at a later date.
Source link Alex Murdaugh’s alleged victims sound off at hearing: ‘He stole every dime I had’
NYC’s Bronx fire tragedy: Archbishop visits scene of horror, officials share ways public can help victims
Longtime CNN producer John Griffin slapped with $15M civil suit amid federal child trafficking case
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Identifying True Worship
Identifying True Worship, Part 6: 1914 – Empirical Evidence
by Meleti Vivlon | Mar 8, 2018 | 1914, Identifying True Worship Series, Videos | 5 comments
A second look at 1914, this time examining the evidence the Organization claims is there to support the belief that Jesus began ruling in the heavens in 1914.
Hello, my name is Eric Wilson.
This is the second video in our subset of 1914 videos. In the first one, we looked at the chronology of it, and now we’re looking at the empirical proof. In other words, it’s all well and good to say that Jesus was installed as king in the heavens invisibly in 1914, sitting on throne of David, ruling in the Messianic Kingdom, but we have no proof of that unless, of course, we find proof directly in the Bible; but that’s what we’re going to look at in the next video. Right now, we want to see if there is evidence in the world, in the events that surrounded that year, that would lead us to believe that something invisible in the heavens happened.
Now the organization says that there is such proof. For example, in the June 1st 2003 Watchtower, on page 15, paragraph 12, we read:
Bible chronology and world events coincide in pinpointing the year 1914 as a time when that war in heaven took place. Since then, world conditions have steadily worsened. Revelation 12:12 explains why saying: “On this account be glad you heavens and you who reside in them! Woe for the earth and for the sea, because the devil has come down, having great anger, knowing that he has a short period of time.”
Okay, so that indicates the 1914 was the year because of the events that happened, but exactly when did this happen? Exactly when was Jesus enthroned? Can we know that? I mean how much precision is there in understanding the date? Well, according to the July 15th 2014 Watchtower pages 30 and 31, paragraph 10 we read:
“Modern day anointed Christians pointed in advance to October 1914 as a significant date. They based this on Daniel’s prophecy about a large tree that was cut down and would go again after seven times. Jesus referred to this same period as “the appointed times of the nations” in his prophecy about his future presence and “the conclusion of the system of things.” Ever since that marked year of 1914, the sign of Christ’s presence as Earth’s new king has become clear for all to see.”
So that definitely ties it down to the month of October.
Now, the June 1st 2001 Watchtower, page 5, under the title “Whose Standards Can You Trust” says,
“Woe for the earth came when World War 1 broke out in 1914 and brought to an end an era of standards very different from those of today. “The Great War of 1914 to 1918 lies like a band of scorched earth dividing that time from ours,” observes historian Barbara Tuchman.
Okay, so we know that it occurred in October, and we know that World War 1 is a result of the woes, so let’s just go again through the chronology: Revelation 12 talks about the enthronement of Jesus Christ. So, we say Jesus Christ was enthroned as a Messianic King in October of 1914 based on the belief that in 607 BCE—October of that year—the Jews were exiled. So it’s exactly, to the month, 2,520 years to get to October, 1914—possibly the fifth or sixth by some of the calculations you’ll find in the publications, early October. Okay, what was the first thing Jesus did? Well, according to us, the first thing he did was to wage war with Satan and his demons, and he won that war of course and Satan and the demons were thrown down to the earth. Having great anger then, knowing that he has a short time, he brought woe to the earth.
So the woe to the earth would have started in October at the earliest, because prior to that, Satan was still in the heavens, wasn’t angry because he hadn’t been thrown down.
Okay. And it mentions that the great difference that happened between the pre-1914 world and the post-1914 world as stipulated by historian Barbara Tuchman as we’ve just seen in the latest, or the last of the quotes. I happen to have read Barbour Tuckman’s book, the one they’re quoting from. It’s an excellent book. Let me just show you the cover.
Do you notice anything strange about it? The title is: “The guns of August”. Not October… August! Why? Because that’s when the war started.
Ferdinand, the Archduke who was assassinated, whose assassination triggered the First World War was killed in July of that year—July 28th. Now because of the odd circumstances, the kind of haphazard and bungled way the assassins attempted to kill him, it was only by sheer luck—and very bad luck, I guess for the Duke—that they stumble upon him after a failed attempt and still managed to assassinate him. And in publications of the organization, we have gone through that, leading to the conclusion that obviously it was Satan who orchestrated the thing. At least that was the inclination that one was led to.
Okay, except that it resulted in a war that occurred, that started, two months before Satan was on Earth, two months before Satan was angry, two months before the woes.
It actually is worse than that. Yes, the world before 1914 was different from the world after. There were monarchies all over the place, and a lot of them ceased to exist after 1914, after the war; but to think that it was a peaceful time compared with a different time now is to overlook the fact that to kill 15 million people—as some reports say happened in the First World War— you need hundreds of millions, if not billions of bullets. It takes time to manufacture that many bullets, that many guns—millions and billions of guns, artillery shells, artillery pieces.
There was an arms race going on for ten years prior to 1914. The nations of Europe were arming for war. Germany had a million-man army. Germany’s a country you could fit into the state of California and leave room left over for Belgium. This tiny country was fielding a million-man army, during the time of peace. Why? Because they were planning for war. So, it had nothing to do with Satan’s anger at being thrown down in 1914. This had been going on for years. They were all set up for it. It was just a happenstance that the 1914 calculation happened to fall when the greatest war of all time—to that date—happened.
So, can we conclude that there is empirical evidence? Well, not from that. But is there something else perhaps that would lead us to believe that Jesus was enthroned in 1914?
Well, according to our theology, he was enthroned, looked around, and found all the religions on earth, and picked of all the religions, our religion—the religion that became Jehovah’s Witnesses, and appointed over them a faithful and discreet slave. That was the first time the faithful and discreet slave had come into existence according to a video produced by Watchtower Bible and Tract Society in which Brother Splane explains this new understanding: There was no 1,900 years slave. There was no slave from 33 CE onward until 1919. So that is part of the evidence that should be there if we’re going to find support for the idea that Jesus was acting as king and selecting his faithful and discreet slave. The March, 2016 study article, study Watchtower, on page 29, paragraph 2, in “Questions from Readers” answers the question with this misunderstanding.
“All the evidence indicates that this captivity [that’s the Babylonish captivity] ended in 1919 when anointed Christians were gathered into the restored congregation. Consider: God’s people were tested and refined during the years following the establishment of God’s kingdom in the heavens in 1914.”
(They go to Malachi 3:1-4 about that, which is an antitypical application of a prophecy that was fulfilled in the first century.) Okay, so from 1914 to 1919 Jehovah’s people were tested and refined and then in 1919 the Watchtower continues:
“…Jesus appointed the faithful and discreet slave over God’s cleansed people to give them spiritual food at the proper time.”
So, all the evidence points to 1919 as the appointment date—that’s what it says—and it says also that they were cleansed for five years from 1914 to 1919, and then the cleansing was complete by 1919 when he made the appointment. Okay, so what evidence is there for this?
Well, we might think Jehovah’s Witnesses were then appointed, or among Jehovah’s Witnesses there was appointed, a faithful and discreet slave. That was the Governing Body in 1919. But there were no Jehovah’s Witnesses in 1919. That name was only given in 1931. What there was in 1919 was a federation, or an association, of independent Bible study groups around the world, who read the Watchtower and used it as their principal teaching aid. The Watchtower Bible and Tract Society was a legal corporation that printed articles, that produced printed material. It wasn’t the headquarters of a worldwide organization. Instead, these international Bible student groups pretty much governed themselves. Here are some of the names of those groups. There was the International Bible Students Association, the Pastoral Bible Institute, the Berean Bible Institute, the Stand Fast Bible Students Association—interesting story with them—Dawn Bible Students Association, Independent Bible Students, New Covenant Believers, Christian Discipling Ministries International, Bible Students Association.
Now I mentioned the Stand Fast Bible Students Association. They stand out because they separated from Rutherford in 1918. Why? Because Rutherford was trying to appease the government which was seeking to bring charges against him for what they considered treasonous literature in the Finished Mystery which he published in 1917. He was trying to appease them so he published in the Watchtower, 1918, page 6257 and 6268, words in which he explained that it was okay to buy war bonds, or what they called Liberty Bonds in those days; it was a matter of conscience. It wasn’t a violation of neutrality. Here’s the excerpt one—one of the excerpts—from that passage:
“A Christian to whom may have been presented the perverted viewpoint that the Red Cross work is only the aiding of that killing referring to the war which is against his conscience cannot help the Red Cross; he then gains the broader viewpoint that the Red Cross is the embodiment of helping the helpless, and he finds himself able and willing to help the Red Cross according to ability and opportunity. A Christian unwilling to kill may have been conscientiously unable to buy government bonds; later he considers that what great blessings he has received under his government and realizes that the nation is in trouble and facing dangers to its Liberty and he feels himself conscientiously able to lend some money to the country just as he would lend to a friend in distress.”
So the Stand Fasters stood fast in their neutrality, and they separated from Rutherford. Now, you might say, “Well, that’s then. This is now.” But the point is, this is what Jesus was looking at, supposedly, when he was trying to decide who was faithful, and who was discreet or wise.
So the issue of neutrality was an issue which was compromised by many of the Bible students. Indeed, the Man’s Salvation book, in chapter 11, page 188, paragraph 13, says that,
“During World War 1 of 1914-1918 CE, some of the remnant of spiritual Israel accepted non-combatant service in the fighting armies, and thus they came under bloodguilt because of their sharing and community responsibility for the blood spilled in war.”
Okay, what else would Jesus have found in 1914 to 1919? Well, he would have found that there was no Governing Body. Now, when Russell died his will called for an executive committee of seven and an editorial committee of five. He named names as to who he wanted on those committees, and he added auxiliaries or replacements, in case some of those should precede him in death. Rutherford’s name wasn’t on the initial list, nor was it high up on the replacement list. However, Rutherford was a lawyer and a man with ambitions, and so he seized control by getting himself declared president, and then when some of the brothers realized that he was acting in an authoritarian way, they wanted to have him removed as president. They wanted to go back to the governing body arrangement that Russell had in mind. To defend himself against these ones, in 1917, Rutherford published “Harvest Siftings”, and in it he said, among many other things:
“For more than thirty years the president of the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society managed its affairs exclusively [he’s referring to Russell] and the Board of Directors, so-called, had little to do. This is not said in criticism, but for the reason that the work of the society peculiarly requires the direction of one mind.”
That’s what he wanted. He wanted to be the one mind. And over time he managed to do that. He managed to dissolve the Executive Committee of seven members, and then eventually the editorial committee, which was keeping him from publishing the things he wanted to publish. Just to show the attitude of the man—again not being critical, just saying this is what Jesus was seeing in 1914 to 1919. So, in The Messenger of 1927, July 19th, we have this picture of Rutherford. He considered himself the Generalissimo of the Bible students. What is a Generalissimo. Well, Mussolini was called the Generalissimo. It means the supreme military commander, the general of generals, if you will. In the United States this would be the commander-in-chief. This was the attitude that he had toward himself which was achieved by the late 20s, once he’d established better control over the organization. Can you picture Paul or Peter or any of the Apostles declaring themselves the Generalissimo of the Christians? What else was Jesus looking down on? Well, how about this cover of the Finished Mystery which Rutherford published. Notice, the cover has a symbol on it. It doesn’t take much to find on the internet that this is the pagan symbol, the Egyptian symbol, of the Sun god Horus. Why was that on a publication? Very good question. If you open up the publication, you’ll find that the idea, the teaching, of Pyramidology—that the pyramids were used by God as part of his revelation. In fact, Russell used to call it “the stone witness”—the Pyramid of Giza was the stone witness, and measurements of the hallways and the chambers in that pyramid were used to try to calculate different events based on what the Bible was speaking about.
So Pyramidology, Egyptology, false symbols on the books. What else?
Well, then they also celebrated Christmas in those days, but perhaps one of the more egregious things was the “Millions Now Living Will Never Die” campaign which began in 1918 and carried on until 1925. In that, Witnesses would preach that millions now living would never die, because the end was coming in 1925. Rutherford predicted that the ancient worthies—men like Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, David, Daniel—would be resurrected first. In fact, the society, with dedicated funds, purchased a 10-bedroom mansion in San Diego called Beth Sarim; and this was supposed to be used to house these ancient worthies when they were resurrected. It ended up being the winter home for Rutherford, where he did a lot of his writing. Of course, nothing happened in 1925, except a great deal of disillusionment. The report we have from 1925 from the memorial of that year shows over 90,000 partakers, but the next report which doesn’t appear until 1928—one of the publication’s shows that the number had dropped from 90,000 to just over 17,000. That’s a huge drop. Why would that be? Disillusionment! Because there was a false teaching and it didn’t come true.
So, let’s go over it again: Jesus was looking down, and what does he find? He finds a group that’s separated from Brother Rutherford because they would not compromise their neutrality but he overlooks that group and instead goes to Rutherford who was preaching that the end would come in just a few more years, and who was seizing control for himself and had an attitude that eventually resulted him declaring himself the supreme military commander—the Generalissimo of the Bible Students—presumably in the sense of spiritual warfare; and a group that was celebrating Christmas, that was believing in pyramidology, and putting pagan symbols on its publications.
Now either Jesus is a terrible judge of character or that didn’t happen. He didn’t appoint them. If we want to believe that he appointed them despite all those facts, then we have to ask ourselves on what do we base it? The only thing we could still base it on is something clear in the Bible that indicates that despite everything to the contrary, that’s what he did. And that’s what we’re going to look at in the next video. Is there clear incontrovertible biblical evidence for 1914? This is the most important thing because it’s true that we don’t see any empirical evidence, but we don’t always need empirical evidence. There is no empirical evidence that Armageddon is coming, that the kingdom of God will reign and establish a new world order and bring salvation to mankind. We base that on faith, and our faith is placed in the promises of a God that has never let us down, never disappointed us, never broken a promise. So, if our Father Jehovah tells us this is going to happen, we don’t really need evidence. We believe because he tells us so. The question is: “Has he told us so? Has he told us that 1914 was when his son was enthroned as the Messianic King?” That’s what we’re going to look at in the next video.
Thank you again and see you soon.
← 2018, March 5 – March 11, Our Christian Life and MinistryA Letter of Disassociation →
Identifying True Worship, Part 4: Examining Matthew 24:34 Exegetically
The Role of Women in the Christian Congregation (Part 4): Can Women Pray and Teach?
Great Signs and Wonders – When?
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Who's in the Video
Astro Teller
Hertz Fellow Astro Teller is now the Captain of Moonshots (aka CEO) at X, formerly Google X, where he oversees X's moonshot factory for building magical, audacious ideas that through[…]
How a Former Google Lab Plans to Disrupt the Ownership Economy
The 'Project Wing' drone system is going to change life as we know it—and inadvertently fix all your storage problems. rn
Description Transcript
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If the future, your buffalo chicken wings will fly to you. Drone delivery is going to bring so much more than food, however; these aeronautical robots will, in time, herald the end of private ownership in favor of a sharing economy. And thus, Astro Teller explains why your next home will need a drone landing pad.
Astro Teller is a Hertz Foundation Fellow and recipient of the prestigious Hertz Foundation Grant for graduate study in the applications of the physical, biological and engineering sciences. With the support of the Fannie and John Hertz Foundation, he pursued a PhD in artificial intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University.
The Hertz Foundation mission is to provide unique financial and fellowship support to the nation’s most remarkable PhD students in the hard sciences. Hertz Fellowships are among the most prestigious in the world, and the foundation has invested over $200 million in Hertz Fellows since 1963 (present value) and supported over 1,100 brilliant and creative young scientists, who have gone on to become Nobel laureates, high-ranking military personnel, astronauts, inventors, Silicon Valley leaders, and tenured university professors. For more information, visit hertzfoundation.org.
Astro Teller: The unmanned aerial vehicle project at X, which we call Wing, has as its aspiration to remove the bulk of the remaining friction from how we move physical things around in the physical world, particularly the so-called last mile problem. If you look at the history of how physical things have been moved around in the physical world, every time a chunk of the remaining friction was removed from that process, boats, planes, trains, the automobile, the Pony Express, the mail system, every one of these things as we got more organized and removed cost and complexity from how physical things got moved around in the world the world became so different that it was impossible before hand to even predict how different and how much better it would be on the other side of that introduction. We take for granted the remaining friction as though it's natural and will continue forever.
If you could have anything that would fit in a bread box brought to you within one or two minutes, you still have to pay for the thing that's in the breadbox but it could be brought to you nearly for free, then our world would be radically different. Those batteries that are sitting in a drawer in your house or apartment right now discharging, you have those batteries, you're wasting the planet because you think you might need a few of those batteries before they fully discharge on some Christmas morning or something. But if you believed you could have any shaped battery you want just in the moment you need it you wouldn't bother holding all those batteries. You probably have a hammer in your house or apartment. Why do you have that hammer? You almost never use it. And we all have to have a hammer for the occasional moment when we want the hammer. But we could probably share one hammer around 10,000 of us. Think how much richer the world would be if we could have that. How are we going to make it so that you could have the hammer just appear within a moment or two when you want it? You say I want to hammer, you get a cup of coffee at the most and the hammer is there.
And our proposal for how to do that is that you can make small vehicles that fly through the air quietly and very safely and bring to you whatever you want. Our prediction is that at first society will adopt these for the use of delivering food. Food is something that almost everybody uses and that they use on a very regular basis. There's already a very robust food delivery market and people express an interest in having a lot more delivered to them, with respect to food. So that is likely to be the early adoption of this technology. But the long run promise of being able to move things around inside of cities and suburban areas in particular without having to create more traffic congestion, without of the carbon footprint that comes from large trucks moving packages around, without the sound and safety problems produced by large trucks moving around our city, all of those problems can be solved by flying what you want what you need right now to you through the air.
We're public about the fact that we did more than a thousand flights last year in Wing and I would like to see at least 100 times that many this year and 100 times as many the year after that and I don't think that that's at all out of the question. There are regulatory conversations to be had and demonstrations of safety to be proven as we step through this process in the United States and in other countries. And it's important that we push hard on the technology but also work thoughtfully and responsibly with the regulators to demonstrate the safety and to build their confidence in what we're doing as we take each incremental step.
How Media Polarization Warped the Climate Change Debate
Bill Nye, The Science Guy
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Scholars Pay Tribute to Bernstein in New Festschrift
Faculty, Homepage, Most Recent News, Press Release, YU Spotlight December 5, 2017December 6, 2017 Michael Bettencourt
Volume Published in Dr. Moshe Bernstein’s Honor Explores Jewish Scriptural Interpretation
At the annual meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature in November in Boston, MA, Dr. Moshe Bernstein ’62YUHS, ’66YC, ’69R, ’69BR , The David A. and Fannie M. Denenberg Chair in Biblical Studies, was presented with a Festschrift titled HĀ-‘ÎSH MŌSHE: Studies in Scriptural Interpretation in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature in Honor of Moshe J. Bernstein (Brill). The book, featuring 19 essays related to his work in biblical interpretation in antiquity (a bibliography of which runs eight single-spaced pages), was edited by Binyamin Goldstein (currently a PhD student at Bernard Revel Graduate School of Jewish Studies), Michael Segal ’93YC, Father Takeji Otsuki Professor of Bible at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem; and Dr. George Brooke, Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis Emeritus at the University of Manchester.
At the presentation ceremony, Segal spoke movingly about Bernstein’s influence as a teacher. “His interest in his students is not limited to their university education both in and out of the classroom,” he noted, “but he also has a devotion to them years after they were formally enrolled in his courses. This has been a source of inspiration to me and all those who were his beneficiaries as we now have our own students.” He went on to say that “a Festschrift is a labor of love, and this volume is a token of our affection for you.”
Brooke concurred with Segal’s assessment, and said “that this volume not only honors Moshe as a lover of texts but also that he engages with texts the way he engages with people, in a thorough and empathetic way that brings out their richness and depth.”
Contributors to the volume, many of whom are Bernstein’s professional colleagues and former students, represent the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Austria and Israel, demonstrating the impact of his work on the international scholarly community. YU is well represented among the contributors: Dr. Joseph Angel, associate professor of Jewish history; Dr. Richard Hidary ’98YC, associate professor of Jewish history; Dr. Yaakov Elman, The Herbert S. and Naomi Denenberg Chair in Talmudic Studies; Lawrence Schiffman, former vice provost of undergraduate education at Yeshiva University and professor of Jewish studies; and two alumni, Abraham Berkovitz ’12YC and Shlomo Zuckier ’13YC, ’13BR, ’14R.
According to Dr. Aaron Koller ’01YC, ’09BR, ’10BR, chair of the Robert M. Beren Department of Jewish Studies and associate professor of Bible, the volume showcases two of the central elements of Bernstein’s career. “On the one hand,” Koller explained, “he is a scholar of international renown recognized as an authority in his fields. On the other hand, he devotes a remarkable amount of time and effort to his students at YU, bringing his erudition and energy to every class and showing students the wonders of scholarship on Jewish texts. HĀ-‘ÎSH MŌSHE truly puts YU Jewish studies on the global stage of scholarship.”
Bernstein was both delighted and humbled by the presentation, a point he made in reference to the book’s title. “The phrase ‘Hā-‘Îsh Mōshe,’ translated as ‘this man Moses,’ occurs only twice in the Torah,” he explained. “In Numbers 12:3, Moses is referred to as ‘humble,’ while in Exodus 11:3, he is called ‘great’ in the land of Egypt. Now, I don’t know about the ‘great,’” he laughed, “though I am proud of the scholarship that I have done, but I certainly do feel gratified by this honor given to my work and teaching.”
Bernstein is already hard at work on several projects during his current sabbatical, which include co-editing two collections of Dead Sea Scrolls texts as well as several other research efforts. But while he directs his energy toward deepening and refining the interpretations he draws from his lifelong examination of these ancient manuscripts, his heart is never far from YU. “I bleed Yeshiva blue,” he said, “and Yeshiva University is my home.”
Dead Sea Scrolls, Festschrift, Moshe Bernstein, Publication
Yeshiva University Celebrates 93rd Hanukkah Dinner
SCDS Presents “Our Town”
Michael Bettencourt
Home » Scholars Pay Tribute to Bernstein in New Festschrift
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You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> European Court of Human Rights >> A. AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM - 3455/05 [2009] ECHR 313 (19 February 2009)
URL: http://www.bailii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/2009/313.html
Cite as: [2009] ECHR 313
See: A. AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM - 3455/05 [2009] ECHR 301 (19 February 2009)
Press release issued by the Registrar
GRAND CHAMBER JUDGMENT
A. AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM
The European Court of Human Rights has today delivered at a public hearing its Grand Chamber judgment1 in the case of A. and Others v. the United Kingdom (application no. 3455/05).
The case concerned the applicants’ complaints that they were detained in high security conditions under a statutory scheme which permitted the indefinite detention of non-nationals certified by the Secretary of State as suspected of involvement in terrorism.
The Court held unanimously that there had been:
no violation of Article 3 (prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment) taken alone or in conjunction with Article 13 (right to an effective remedy) of the European Convention on Human Rights in respect of all the applicants, except the Moroccan applicant whose complaints under these articles were declared inadmissible;
a violation of Article 5 § 1 (right to liberty and security) of the Convention in respect of all the applicants, except the Moroccan and French applicants who had elected to leave the United Kingdom, since it could not be said that the applicants were detained with a view to deportation and since, as the House of Lords had found, the derogating measures which permitted their indefinite detention on suspicion of terrorism discriminated unjustifiably between nationals and non-nationals;
a violation of Article 5 § 4 (right to have lawfulness of detention decided by a court) in respect of two of the Algerian applicants, the stateless and Tunisian applicants, because they had not been able effectively to challenge the allegations against them; and,
a violation of Article 5 § 5 in respect of all the applicants, except the Moroccan and French applicants, on account of the lack of an enforceable right to compensation for the above violations.
The Court made awards under Article 41 (just satisfaction) which were substantially lower than those which it had made in past cases of unlawful detention, in view of the fact that the detention scheme was devised in the face of a public emergency and as an attempt to reconcile the need to protect the United Kingdom public against terrorism with the obligation not to send the applicants back to countries where they faced a real risk of ill-treatment. The Court therefore awarded, to the six Algerian applicants 3,400 euros (EUR), EUR 3,900, EUR 3,800, EUR 3,400, EUR 2,500 and EUR 1,700, respectively; to the stateless and Tunisian applicants EUR 3,900, each; and to the Jordanian applicant, EUR 2,800. The applicants were jointly awarded EUR 60,000 for legal costs. (The judgment is available in English and French.)
1. Principal facts
The applicants are 11 individuals, six are of Algerian nationality; four are, respectively, of French, Jordanian, Moroccan and Tunisian nationality; and, one, born in a Palestinian refugee camp in Jordan, is stateless.
Following the al’Qaeda attacks of 11 September 2001 on the United States of America, the British Government considered that the United Kingdom was a particular target for terrorist attacks, such as to give rise to a “public emergency threatening the life of the nation” within the meaning of Article 15 of the European Convention on Human Rights (derogation in time of emergency). The Government believed that the threat came principally from a number of foreign nationals present in the United Kingdom, who were providing a support network for extremist Islamist terrorist operations linked to al’Qaeda. These individuals could not be deported because there was a risk that each would be ill-treated in his country of origin in breach of Article 3 of the Convention. The Government considered that it was necessary to create an extended power permitting the detention of foreign nationals, where the Secretary of State reasonably believed that the person’s presence in the United Kingdom was a risk to national security and reasonably suspected that the person was an “international terrorist”. Since the Government considered that this detention scheme might not be consistent with Article 5(1) of the Convention (right to liberty), on 11 November 2001 they issued a notice of derogation under Article 15 of the Convention to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. The notice set out the provisions of Part 4 of the Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (“the 2001 Act”), including the power to detain foreign nationals certified as “suspected international terrorists” who could not “for the time being” be removed from the United Kingdom.
Part 4 of the 2001 Act came into force on 4 December 2001 and was repealed in March 2005. During the lifetime of the legislation 16 individuals, including the 11 applicants, were certified and detained. Six of the applicants were detained on 19 December 2001; the others were detained on various dates up until October 2003. They were initially detained at Belmarsh Prison in London. The Moroccan and French applicants were released as they elected to leave the United Kingdom in December 2001 and March 2002, respectively. Three of the applicants, following a deterioration in their mental health (including a suicide attempt), were transferred to Broadmoor Secure Mental Hospital. Another applicant was released on bail in April 2004, under conditions equal to house arrest, because of serious concerns over his mental health.
The decision to certify each applicant under the 2001 Act was subject to review every six months before the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC); each applicant appealed against the Secretary of State’s decision to certify him. In determining whether the Secretary of State had had reasonable grounds for suspecting that each applicant was an “international terrorist” whose presence in the United Kingdom gave rise to a risk to national security, SIAC used a procedure which enabled it to consider both evidence which could be made public (“open material”) and sensitive evidence which could not be disclosed for reasons of national security (“closed material”). The detainee and his legal representatives were given the open material and could comment on it in writing and at a hearing. The closed material was not disclosed to the detainee or his lawyers but to a “special advocate”, appointed on behalf of each detainee by the Solicitor General. In addition to the open hearings, SIAC held closed hearings to examine the secret evidence, where the special advocate could make submissions on behalf of the detainee as regards procedural matters, such as the need for further disclosure, and as to the substance and reliability of the closed material. However, once the special advocate had seen the closed material he could not have any contact with the detainee or his lawyers, except with the leave of the court. On 30 July 2002 SIAC upheld the Secretary of State’s decision to certify each of the applicants. However, it also found that, since the detention regime applied only to foreign nationals, it was discriminatory and in breach of the Convention.
The applicants also brought proceedings in which they challenged the fundamental legality of the November 2001 derogation. These proceedings were eventually determined by the House of Lords on 16 December 2004. It held that there was an emergency threatening the life of the nation but that the detention scheme did not rationally address the threat to security and was therefore disproportionate. The House of Lords found, in particular, that there was evidence that United Kingdom nationals were also involved in terrorist networks linked to al’Qaeda and that the detention scheme under Part 4 of the 2001 Act discriminated unjustifiably against foreign nationals. The House of Lords therefore made a declaration of incompatibility under the Human Rights Act and quashed the derogation order.
Part 4 of the 2001 Act remained in force, however, until it was repealed by Parliament in March 2005. As soon as the applicants still in detention were released, they were made subject to control orders under the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005. Control orders impose various restrictions on those reasonably suspected of involvement in terrorism, regardless of nationality.
In August 2005, following negotiations commenced towards the end of 2003 to seek from the Algerian and Jordanian Governments assurances that the applicants would not be ill-treated if returned, the Government served Notices of Intention to Deport on the six Algerian applicants and Jordanian applicant. These applicants were taken into immigration custody pending removal to Algeria and Jordan. In April 2008 the Court of Appeal ruled that the Jordanian applicant could not lawfully be extradited to Jordan, because it was likely that evidence obtained by torture could be used against him there at trial. The case was decided by the House of Lords on 18 February 2009.
2. Procedure and composition of the Court
The application was lodged with the European Court of Human Rights on 21 January 2005. The Chamber to which the case was assigned decided to relinquish jurisdiction to the Grand Chamber2 on 11 September 2007. The Grand Chamber held a public hearing in the case on 21 May 2008.
The President granted leave to two London-based non-governmental organisations, Liberty and Justice, to intervene in the proceedings as third parties.
Judgment was given by the Grand Chamber of 17 judges, composed as follows:
Jean-Paul Costa (France), President,
Christos Rozakis (Greece),
Nicolas Bratza (the United Kingdom),
Françoise Tulkens (Belgium),
Josep Casadevall (Andorra),
Giovanni Bonello (Malta),
Ireneu Cabral Barreto (Portugal)
Elisabeth Steiner (Austria),
Lech Garlicki (Poland),
Khanlar Hajiyev (Azerbaijan),
Ljiljana Mijović (Bosnia and Herzegovina),
Egbert Myjer (the Netherlands),
David Thór Björgvinsson (Iceland),
George Nicolaou (Cyprus),
Ledi Bianku (Albania),
Nona Tsotsoria (Georgia),
Mihai Poalelungi (Moldova), judges,
and also Michael O’Boyle, Deputy Registrar.
3. Summary of the judgment3
The applicants complained before the Court that their indefinite detention in high security conditions amounted to inhuman or degrading treatment. They also alleged that the detention scheme was unlawful and discriminatory and that the derogation was disproportionate. Furthermore, although their detention was declared to be in breach of domestic law, they were unable to bring any proceedings in the United Kingdom to claim compensation or bring about their release. Lastly, the applicants complained that during their appeals against certification before SIAC they had only limited knowledge of the case against them and a limited possibility to challenge it. The applicants relied on Articles 3 (prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment), 5 (right to liberty and security), 6 (right to a fair trial), 13 (right to an effective remedy) and 14 (prohibition of discrimination).
Decision of the Court
Article 3 taken alone or in conjunction with Article 13
The Court, while acutely conscious of the difficulties faced by States in protecting their populations from terrorist violence, stressed that Article 3 enshrines one of the most fundamental values of democratic societies. Even in the most difficult of circumstances, such as the fight against terrorism, and irrespective of the conduct of the person concerned, the European Convention prohibits in absolute terms torture and inhuman or degrading treatment and punishment.
The uncertainty and fear of indefinite detention had to have caused the remaining ten applicants anxiety and distress, as it would virtually any detainee in their position. Furthermore, it was probable that the stress had been sufficiently serious and enduring to affect the mental health of certain of the applicants.
It could not, however, be said that the applicants had been without any prospect or hope of release. In particular, they had been able to bring proceedings to challenge the legality of the detention scheme under the 2001 Act and had been successful before SIAC, on 30 July 2002, and the House of Lords on 16 December 2004. In addition, each applicant had been able to bring an individual challenge to the decision to certify him and SIAC had been required by statute to review the continuing case for detention every six months. The Court did not, therefore, consider that the applicants’ situation had been comparable to an irreducible life sentence, which would have given rise to an issue under Article 3.
Each detained applicant had also had at his disposal the remedies available to all prisoners under administrative and civil law to challenge conditions of detention, including any alleged inadequacy of medical treatment. The applicants had not attempted to make use of those remedies and had not therefore complied with the requirement under Article 35 of the Convention to exhaust domestic remedies. It followed that the Court could not take the conditions of detention into account in forming an assessment of the applicants’ claims.
In those circumstances, the Court found that the applicants’ detention had not reached the high threshold of inhuman and degrading treatment for which a violation of Article 3 could be found.
As concerned the applicants’ complaint that they had not had effective domestic remedies for their Article 3 complaints, the Court recalled in particular that Article 13 did not guarantee a remedy allowing a challenge to primary legislation before a national authority on the ground of being contrary to the Convention.
In conclusion, therefore, the Court found that there had been no violation of Article 3, taken alone or in conjunction with Article 13.
It declared the Moroccan applicant’s complaints under Articles 3 and 13 inadmissible because he had been detained for only a few days.
Articles 5 § 1 and 15
Whether the applicants had been lawfully detained in accordance with Article 5 § 1 (f)
The Court recalled that Article 5 enshrined a fundamental human right, namely the protection of the individual against arbitrary interference by the State with his or her right to liberty, and that that guarantee applied to “everyone”, regardless of nationality.
Subparagraph (f) of Article 5 § 1 permits the State to control the liberty of aliens in an immigration context and the Government contended that the applicants had been lawfully detained as persons “against whom action is being taken with a view to deportation or extradition”.
The Court found no violation in respect of the Moroccan and French applicants, who had been detained for only short periods before electing to leave the United Kingdom.
However, concerning the remaining nine applicants, the Court did not consider that the United Kingdom Government’s policy of keeping the possibility of deporting the applicants “under active review” had been sufficiently certain or determinative to amount to “action ... being taken with a view to deportation”. One of the principal assumptions underlying the derogation notice, the 2001 Act and the decision to detain the applicants had been that they could not be removed or deported “for the time being”. There was no evidence that, during the period of those nine applicants’ detention, there had been any realistic prospect of their being expelled without them being put at real risk of ill-treatment. Indeed, the first applicant is stateless and the Government had not produced any evidence to suggest that there had been another state willing to accept him. Nor had the Government apparently entered into negotiations with Algeria or Jordan, with a view to seeking assurances that the applicants who were nationals of those States would not be ill-treated if returned, until the end of 2003. No such assurance was received until August 2005. Their detention had not, therefore, fallen within the exception to the right to liberty set out in paragraph 5 § 1(f). That conclusion had also been, expressly or impliedly, reached by a majority of the members of the House of Lords.
It was, instead, clear from the terms of the derogation notice and Part 4 of the 2001 Act that the applicants had been certified and detained because they had been suspected of being “international terrorists”. Internment and preventive detention without charge are incompatible with the fundamental right to liberty under Article 5 § 1, in the absence of a valid derogation under Article 15. The Court therefore considered whether the United Kingdom’s derogation had been valid.
Whether the United Kingdom had validly derogated from its obligations under Article 5 § 1
In the unusual circumstances of the case, where the House of Lords had examined the issues relating to the State’s derogation and concluded that there had been a public emergency threatening the life of the nation but that the measures taken in response had not been strictly required by the exigencies of the situation, the Court considered that it would be justified in reaching a contrary conclusion only if it found that the House of Lords’ decision was manifestly unreasonable.
Whether there had been a “public emergency threatening the life of the nation”
Before the domestic courts, the Secretary of State had provided evidence to show the existence of a threat of serious terrorist attacks planned against the United Kingdom. Additional closed evidence had been provided before SIAC. All the national judges had accepted that danger to have been credible. Although no al’Qaeda attack had taken place within the territory of the United Kingdom at the time when the derogation had been made, the Court did not consider that the national authorities could be criticised for having feared such an attack to be imminent. A State could not be expected to wait for disaster to strike before taking measures to deal with it. Moreover, the danger of a terrorist attack had, tragically, been shown by the bombings and attempted bombings in London in July 2005 to have been very real.
While it was striking that the United Kingdom had been the only Convention State to have lodged a derogation in response to the danger from al’Qaeda, the Court accepted that it had been for each Government, as the guardian of their own people’s safety, to make its own assessment on the basis of the facts known to it. Weight had, therefore, to be attached to the judgment of the United Kingdom’s Government and Parliament, as well as the views of the national courts, who had been better placed to assess the evidence relating to the existence of an emergency.
Accordingly, the Court, like the majority of the House of Lords, held that there had been a public emergency threatening the life of the nation.
Whether the derogating measures had been strictly required by the exigencies of the situation
The question whether the measures were strictly required was ultimately a judicial decision, particularly in a case such as the present where the applicants had been deprived of their fundamental right to liberty over a long period of time. Having regard to the careful way in which the House of Lords had approached the issues, it could not be said that inadequate weight had been given to the views of the Government or Parliament on this question.
The Court considered that the House of Lords had been correct in holding that the extended powers of detention were not to be seen as immigration measures, where a distinction between nationals and non-nationals would be legitimate, but instead as concerned with national security. Part 4 of the 2001 Act had been designed to avert a real and imminent threat of terrorist attack which, on the evidence, had been posed by both nationals and non-nationals. The choice by the Government and Parliament of an immigration measure to address what had essentially been a security issue had resulted in a failure adequately to address the problem, while imposing a disproportionate and discriminatory burden of indefinite detention on one group of suspected terrorists. As the House of Lords had found, there was no significant difference in the potential adverse impact of detention without charge on a national or on a non-national who in practice could not leave the country because of fear of torture abroad.
The Government had argued before the Court that it had been legitimate to confine the detention scheme to non-nationals, to take into account the sensitivities of the British Muslim population in order to reduce the chances of recruitment among them by extremists. However, the Government had not provided the Court with any evidence to suggest that British Muslims had been significantly more likely to react negatively to the detention without charge of national rather than foreign Muslims reasonably suspected of links to al’Qaeda. The system of control orders, put in place by the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005, did not discriminate between national and non-national suspects.
Similarly, as concerned the argument that the State could better respond to the terrorist threat if it were able to detain its most serious source, namely non-nationals, the Court had not been provided with any evidence which could persuade it to overturn the conclusion of the House of Lords that the difference in treatment had been unjustified. Indeed, the national courts, including SIAC, which saw both the open and the closed material, had not been convinced that the threat from non-nationals had been significantly more serious than that from nationals.
In conclusion, therefore, the Court, like the House of Lords, found that the derogating measures had been disproportionate in that they had discriminated unjustifiably between nationals and non-nationals. It followed that there had been a violation of Article 5 § 1 in respect of all but the Moroccan and French applicants.
Since the Moroccan and French applicants were already at liberty, having elected to leave the United Kingdom, by the time the various proceedings to determine the lawfulness of the detention under the 2001 Act had commenced, the Court declared those two applicants’ complaints under Article 5 § 4 inadmissible.
The remaining applicants complained that the procedure before SIAC was unfair because the evidence against them was not fully disclosed.
Where a person is detained on the basis of an allegedly reasonable suspicion of unlawful behaviour, the guarantee of procedural fairness under Article 5 § 4 requires him to be given an opportunity effectively to challenge the allegations. This generally requires disclosure of the evidence against him. However, in cases where there is a strong public interest in keeping some of the relevant evidence secret, for example to protect vulnerable witnesses or intelligence sources, it is possible to place restrictions on the right to disclosure, as long as the detainee still has the possibility effectively to challenge the allegations against him.
The Court’s starting point in the present case was that, as the national courts found and it accepted, during the period of the applicants’ detention the activities and aims of the al’Qaeda network had given rise to a “public emergency threatening the life of the nation”. During the relevant time, therefore, there was considered to be an urgent need to protect the population of the United Kingdom from terrorist attack and a strong public interest in obtaining information about al’Qaeda and its associates and in maintaining the secrecy of the sources of such information.
Balanced against these important public interests, however, was the applicants’ rights under Article 5 § 4 to procedural fairness in their appeals to SIAC. It was, therefore, essential that as much information about the allegations and evidence against each applicant was disclosed as was possible without compromising national security or the safety of others. Where full disclosure was not possible, the difficulties this caused had to be counterbalanced in such a way that each applicant still had the possibility effectively to challenge the case against him.
The Court considered that SIAC, which was a fully independent court and which could examine all the relevant evidence, both closed and open, was best placed to ensure that no material was unnecessarily withheld from the detainee. The special advocate provided an important, additional safeguard through questioning the State’s witnesses on the need for secrecy and through making submissions to the judge regarding the case for additional disclosure. On the material before it, the Court had no basis to find that excessive and unjustified secrecy had been employed in respect of any of the applicants’ appeals or that there had not been compelling reasons for the lack of disclosure in each case.
Even where all or most of the underlying evidence had remained undisclosed, if the allegations contained in the open material had been sufficiently specific, it should have been possible for the applicant to provide his representatives and the special advocate with information with which to refute them, without his having to know the detail or sources of the evidence which formed the basis of the allegations. Where, however, the open material consisted purely of general assertions and SIAC’s decision to uphold the certification and maintain the detention had been based solely or to a decisive degree on closed material, the procedural requirements of Article 5 § 4 would not be satisfied.
The Court noted that the open material against four of the Algerian applicants and the Jordanian applicant had included detailed allegations about, for example, the purchase of specific telecommunications equipment, possession of specific documents linked to named terrorist suspects and meetings with named terrorist suspects with specific dates and places. Those allegations had been sufficiently detailed to permit the applicants effectively to challenge them. Accordingly, there had been no violation of Article 5 § 4 in respect of those five applicants.
The principal allegations against the stateless applicant and one of the two remaining Algerian applicants had been that they had been involved in fund-raising for terrorist groups linked to al’Qaeda. These allegations were supported by open evidence, such as evidence of large sums of money moving through a bank account or of money raised through fraud. However, in each case the evidence which had allegedly provided the link between the money raised and terrorism had not been disclosed to either applicant. Those applicants had not therefore been in a position effectively to challenge the allegations against them, in violation of Article 5 § 4.
The open allegations in respect of the Tunisian and remaining Algerian applicant had been of a general nature, principally that they had been members of named extremist Islamist groups linked to al’Qaeda. SIAC observed in its judgments dismissing each of these applicants’ appeals that the open evidence had been insubstantial and that the evidence on which it relied against them had largely to be found in the closed material. Again, therefore, the Court found that those applicants had not been in a position to effectively challenge the allegations against them, in violation of Article 5 § 4.
The Court noted that the above violations could not give rise to an enforceable claim for compensation by the applicants before the national courts. It followed that there had been a violation of Article 5 § 5 in respect of all but the Moroccan and French applicants.
Other complaints
Given the above findings, the Court held that it was not necessary to examine the applicants’ complaints under Article 5 § 1 taken in conjunction with either Articles 13 or 14 or under Article 5 § 4 concerning the applicants’ complaints that the House of Lords had been unable to make a binding order for their release. In addition, having already examined the issues relating to the use of special advocates, closed hearings and lack of full disclosure in the proceedings before SIAC, it also held that it was not necessary to examine the applicants’ complaints under Article 6.
The Court’s judgments are accessible on its Internet site (http://www.echr.coe.int).
Stefano Piedimonte (telephone : 00 33 (0)3 90 21 42 04)
Tracey Turner-Tretz (telephone : 00 33 (0)3 88 41 35 30)
Paramy Chanthalangsy (telephone : 00 33 (0)3 88 41 28 30)
Kristina Pencheva-Malinowski (telephone : 00 33 (0)3 88 41 35 70)
Céline Menu-Lange (telephone : 00 33 (0)3 90 21 58 77)
The European Court of Human Rights was set up in Strasbourg by the Council of Europe Member States in 1959 to deal with alleged violations of the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.
1 Grand Chamber judgments are final (Article 44 of the Convention).
2 Where a case pending before a Chamber raises a serious question affecting the interpretation of the Convention or the protocols thereto, or where the resolution of a question before the Chamber might have a result inconsistent with a judgment previously delivered by the Court, the Chamber may, at any time before it has rendered its judgment, relinquish jurisdiction in favour of the Grand Chamber, unless one of the parties to the case objects.
3 This summary by the Registry does not bind the Court.
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Why do our noses have two nostrils?
Adam R.S.
John P. Rafferty
When it comes to eyes and ears, pair make sense. Paired give us stereo vision, which allows us to see objects in depth; paired ears give us stereo hearing, which allows us to detect the direction of where a sound is coming from. Paired nostrils, however, are a little less obvious. While there is no such thing as stereo olfaction (smelling), our two nostrils are not just there for show.
The nose is the focus of our sense of smell, but it's also where we draw in much of our oxygen. Our nostrils have evolved to perform both roles, although each one prefers one role over the other at different times. At any given time, one nostril may pull in more air than the other, whereas the other nostril pulls in less air, which allows it to better sense scents in the environment. Even in breathing mode, the high-flow nostril can still detect scents, but the scent is spread throughout its sensory receptors quickly. If it's a kind of scent that can be absorbed into the nostril's mucus quickly, receptors in the high-flow nostril will pick it up; if the scent is not absorbed quickly, the receptors may miss it. In contrast, the low-flow nostril is better at absorbing (and detecting) more subtle scents, and it has the time to do so. Studies have shown that each nostril can switch between breathing dominance and smelling dominance several times per day, which helps when one might be congested cause by the common cold.
https://www.britannica.com/science/smellhttps://www.britannica.com/science/olfactory-receptorhttps://gizmodo.com/why-we-evolved-two-nostrils-hint-its-all-about-domina-5880616https://news.stanford.edu/pr/99/991103smell.htmlhttps://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/jul/19/ask-grown-up-why-people-have-two-nostrilshttps://www.cbsnews.com/news/watch-why-do-humans-have-two-nostrils/https://www.columbiatribune.com/news/20180828/two-eyes-two-ears-two-nostrils---but-why
More Health & Medicine Questions
Why are some foods healthy, and others are not?
What was the worst pandemic/epidemic that ever happened in the history of the world?
have the mRNA vaccines received full FDA approval?
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Posted on February 7, 2017 February 7, 2017 by Richard Wagner
Catholic church doesn’t understand toll of child sexual abuse, says US priest
Father Thomas Doyle tells royal commission the church does not want to understand just how profound the impact of abuse is on survivors
Father Thomas Doyle
By Christopher Knaus
One of the first American priests to have broken ranks on child abuse said the Catholic church still fails to comprehend the depth of spiritual damage done to victims.
Father Thomas Doyle, then a canonical lawyer at the Vatican’s Washington embassy, was tasked with investigating child abuse cases in the US in the mid-1980s, preparing a 40-page report for the nuncio, or papal ambassador, which he said was handed to the pope.
Doyle’s warnings about the abuse went unheeded and he said he was pushed out of his position with the embassy in 1986.
He has spent the time since helping survivors, speaking to thousands of individuals abused by Catholic clergy.
Doyle, giving evidence to the child abuse royal commission in Sydney on Tuesday, spoke of a life-changing moment in his early years of examining abuse claims, when he met a 10-year-old survivor face to face.
“When I looked into his face, I still see it, it was empty,” Doyle said. “And that moment changed my life. The parents were simple, good, decent people who could not comprehend why they were being treated the way they were by the church.
“They couldn’t understand why this man had been shifted from one place to another, to another. I had no answers.”
Doyle is one of many experts called this week to give insights into the church and the causes of the crisis to Australia’s royal commission into institutional response to child sexual abuse.
The royal commission is in its final three weeks of examining the Catholic church and, on Monday, heard damning statistics showing that 7% of priests abused children between 1950 and 2010.
In one Catholic order, St John of God Brothers, 40% of clergy were alleged perpetrators, while one in five Marist and Christian brothers were the subject of allegations.
Doyle said the church’s approach to the issue still failed to comprehend the damage done to survivors and those around them.
“One of the massive holes in the Roman Catholic church’s approach to this issue, still today, is a failure to completely comprehend the depth of the spiritual damage that is done to the victims, to their families, especially their parents, to their friends and to the community itself,” Doyle said.
Doyle said the church did not want to understand just how profound the impact of abuse was on survivors.
“Because if we learnt how bad this really is, it’s not going to make us look good in the long run,” he said. “We’d rather look the other way.”
The institutional structure of the church, as the official entity for Catholics to achieve salvation, had become sacrosanct, Doyle said.
He said the protection of the “institutional church” had become “of all-encompassing importance” to the Catholic hierarchy.
Doyle said that had contributed to efforts to cover up crimes and silence victims.
“The protection of this entity is of all-encompassing importance and that means the bishops themselves must be protected at all costs, and must be protected from embarrassment, from being lowered in the esteem of the community,” Doyle said. “Because if these things happen, the church will be seriously tainted.”
Doyle also spoke of a US priest, who had been accused of abusing five daughters from the same family. Doyle said the priest was to be sent to Holland, because there was no extradition treaty in place. That was designed to allow him to avoid court, Doyle said.
The privileged status of priests in the community, he said, put them “on a pedestal” and in positions of power and trust. He said that could be used to control and scare victims. In the eyes of children, the priest represented god.
“Many victims that I have talked to are completely confused through all of this because they’re taught that anything sexual is a mortal sin,” he said.
The training of clergy, particularly in celibacy, prevented them from maturing emotionally, sexually and psychologically, he said.
He likened priests to a highly educated groups of 14-year-olds. The few priests who stood with survivors and victims were sidelined, silenced, or punished by the church, he said.
“Because they have gone public with an issue that the system would still prefer to keep unknown and buried in secrecy,” he said.
He praised the work of the commission, saying it would have a profound impact, including on the Vatican.
“What you are doing is unique in the world, it is historic, it is going to make a mammoth difference in the long run,” he said. “You’ve taken something on that is mind-boggling.”
The prime minister Malcolm Turnbull described the abuse uncovered in the royal commission as a “national shame” in parliament on Tuesday. He said it could never be allowed to happen again, in any context.
“This is not just a history lesson, this is not just a sad tale from times past, this is a reminder to all of us today, in every part of the nation, to protect the vulnerable in our care, the children in our care, in whatever context,” Turnbull said.
The royal commission continues on Tuesday.
CategoriesAbuse of Power, Church & State, Clergy Sex Abuse, Priests In Trouble TagsAvoiding Corporate Responsibility, Catholic Church, Catholic Hierarchy, Catholic Priests, Clergy Abuse Survivors, Priest Abusers
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Why Is it Important to Continuously Update a Strategic Plan?
By: Leigh Richards
Goodluz/iStock/Getty Images
External Threat Examples
Companies that are able to embrace change by recognizing the opportunities it presents, and incorporating those opportunities into their strategic planning efforts, can find business success. It's important to be constantly reviewing the internal and external factors that impact a business, and modifying strategic plans to accommodate those factors. Change can impact strategic plans from a variety of perspectives.
Changing Consumer Demands
Changes in consumer demand can impact a company's strategies significantly. Consider the impact of streaming video on companies like Blockbuster, or the advent of mobile phones on AT&T. Companies must continually update their strategic plans to recognize and accommodate these types of changes. By evaluating internal sales data, as well as industry statistics and consumer buying trends, companies can be alert to early warning signs of shifts in demand that may impact their strategic planning efforts.
New Competitive Forces
Few companies are alone in their fields for any length of time. Once one organization discovers the next great thing, others are certain to follow. Even entrenched companies with strong brand equity can be subject to the impact of competitive forces. Because the competitive environment is constantly changing, companies must adapt to these changes by modifying their strategic plans to reflect shifts in their own strategies — to introduce new products, modify existing products, or change marketing strategies.
External Economic Factors
As many companies have discovered during downturns and recoveries, economic factors can have a significant impact on consumer buying trends. A rapid rise in layoffs and a tight hiring climate mean less disposable income, which can negatively impact industries like travel and entertainment — but may have a positive effect on other industries, as consumers stay closer to home and increase their purchases of home-based products and improvement items. Economic factors can represent both threats and opportunities to organizations. Companies must be continually alert to these external impacts, and adjust their strategic plans accordingly.
Changing Workforce
The demographics of an organization's workforce change continually, and are impacted by voluntary and involuntary terminations, retirements and the need for new skills to address new legal, regulatory and technological requirements. A company's strategic plan will be impacted, and will need to be updated to address these changes — whether it be through new hiring practices, additional internal training, or restructuring activities. Technology may also impact the number and types of employees needed to perform certain activities, and may lead to reductions in force or redistribution of staff.
Fast Company: Strategic Planning is Dead
Entrepreneur: Strategic Planning for the Real World
Erica Olsen, "Strategic Planning for Dummies," 2006
Robert W. Bradford and Brian Tarcy, "Simplified Strategic Planning," 2000
Leigh Richards has been a writer since 1980. Her work has been published in "Entrepreneur," "Complete Woman" and "Toastmaster," among many other trade and professional publications. She has a Bachelor of Arts in psychology from the University of Wisconsin and a Master of Arts in organizational management from the University of Phoenix.
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Trump abruptly escorted out of White House press briefing, returns to say there was a ‘shooting’ outside
August 11, 2020 sheka1 News Leave a comment
President Trump on Monday was abruptly escorted away from the White House briefing room just a few minutes after taking the podium for a press briefing, but quickly returned to tell reporters, “There was a shooting outside of the White House.”
Describing what he knew about the situation, the president said it “seems” an armed person was shot by Secret Service and had been taken to the hospital.
The Secret Service provided details of the shooting in a tweet late Monday. A 51-year-old male allegedly approached a Uniformed Division officer who was standing at his post on the corner of 17th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue near the White House. The man told the agent he had a weapon and, while he approached, took off in a sprint and “in a drawing motion, withdrew an object from his clothing,” the statement read.
“The suspect then crouched into a shooter’s stance as if about to fire a weapon,” the statement read. At that point, the agent fired his weapon and struck the subject in the torso.
That intersection is right outside the White House grounds.
The Secret Service said in a tweet that a male subject and a USSS officer were both transported to a local hospital. “At no time during this incident was the White House complex breached or were any protectees in danger,” the agency said, adding the investigation is ongoing.
A law enforcement source told Fox News it appears the wounds to the suspect in the officer-involved shooting are not fatal.
There was a brief, joint press conference late Monday night with the Secret Service and the Washington, D.C., Metropolitan Police Department that stressed that the investigation was in its early stages. City police will play a supporting role.
On Monday afternoon, several minutes after initially taking the podium, someone – who appeared to be a Secret Service agent – told the president shots had been fired outside before Trump stopped and walked out of the room.
“Excuse me?” the president said to the agent before exiting.
Fox News’ John Roberts reported hearing the sound of gunshots outside the White House as the briefing began.
After returning to the podium, Trump said a shooting took place outside the premises of the White House near the fence. He said more information would be released later.
The president said he was not taken to the White House bunker, but was rather ushered to the Oval Office.
When a reporter asked the president, “Are you rattled by this at all, Mr. President?” Trump replied, “Do I seem rattled?”
The president then moved on to discussing other issues, including the stock market and the coronavirus crisis.
Multiple sources told Fox News there is no believed threat to the Capitol after the White House incident.
After the president’s remarks, the White House was still on lockdown, with press told to stay in the briefing room. By 7:30 p.m., the lockdown had been lifted.
Several White House officials and aides, including Ivanka Trump, expressed their appreciation to the Secret Service after the incident.
TRUMP ABRUPTLY ESCORTED OUT OF WHITE HOUSE PRESS BRIEFING
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Category Archives: science
"Those talking heads…are full of shit." Political bias and irrationality.
July 13, 2010 scienceJanet
Political Dissonance
Joe Keohane has a fascinating summary of our political biases in the Boston Globe Ideas section this weekend. It’s probably not surprising that voters aren’t rational agents, but it’s always a little depressing to realize just how irrational we are. (And it’s worth pointing out that this irrationality applies to both sides of the political spectrum.) We cling to mistaken beliefs and ignore salient facts. We cherry-pick our information and vote for people based on an inexplicable stew of superficial hunches, stubborn ideologies and cultural trends. From the perspective of the human brain, it’s a miracle that democracy works at all. Here’s Keohane:
A striking recent example was a study done in the year 2000, led by James Kuklinski of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He led an influential experiment in which more than 1,000 Illinois residents were asked questions about welfare — the percentage of the federal budget spent on welfare, the number of people enrolled in the program, the percentage of enrollees who are black, and the average payout. More than half indicated that they were confident that their answers were correct — but in fact only 3 percent of the people got more than half of the questions right. Perhaps more disturbingly, the ones who were the most confident they were right were by and large the ones who knew the least about the topic. (Most of these participants expressed views that suggested a strong antiwelfare bias.)
Studies by other researchers have observed similar phenomena when addressing education, health care reform, immigration, affirmative action, gun control, and other issues that tend to attract strong partisan opinion. Kuklinski calls this sort of response the “I know I’m right” syndrome, and considers it a “potentially formidable problem” in a democratic system. “It implies not only that most people will resist correcting their factual beliefs,” he wrote, “but also that the very people who most need to correct them will be least likely to do so.”
In How We Decide, I discuss the mental mechanisms behind these flaws, which are ultimately rooted in cognitive dissonance:
Partisan voters are convinced that they’re rational⎯only the other side is irrational⎯but we’re actually rationalizers. The Princeton political scientist Larry Bartels analyzed survey data from the 1990’s to prove this point. During the first term of Bill Clinton’s presidency, the budget deficit declined by more than 90 percent. However, when Republican voters were asked in 1996 what happened to the deficit under Clinton, more than 55 percent said that it had increased. What’s interesting about this data is that so-called “high-information” voters⎯these are the Republicans who read the newspaper, watch cable news and can identify their representatives in Congress⎯weren’t better informed than “low-information” voters. According to Bartels, the reason knowing more about politics doesn’t erase partisan bias is that voters tend to only assimilate those facts that confirm what they already believe. If a piece of information doesn’t follow Republican talking points⎯and Clinton’s deficit reduction didn’t fit the “tax and spend liberal” stereotype⎯then the information is conveniently ignored. “Voters think that they’re thinking,” Bartels says, “but what they’re really doing is inventing facts or ignoring facts so that they can rationalize decisions they’ve already made.” Once we identify with a political party, the world is edited so that it fits with our ideology.
At such moments, rationality actually becomes a liability, since it allows us to justify practically any belief. We use the our fancy brain as an information filter, a way to block-out disagreeable points of view. Consider this experiment, which was done in the late 1960’s, by the cognitive psychologists Timothy Brock and Joe Balloun. They played a group of people a tape-recorded message attacking Christianity. Half of the subjects were regular churchgoers while the other half were committed atheists. To make the experiment more interesting, Brock and Balloun added an annoying amount of static⎯a crackle of white noise⎯to the recording. However, they allowed listeners to reduce the static by pressing a button, so that the message suddenly became easier to understand. Their results were utterly predicable and rather depressing: the non-believers always tried to remove the static, while the religious subjects actually preferred the message that was harder to hear. Later experiments by Brock and Balloun demonstrated a similar effect with smokers listening to a speech on the link between smoking and cancer. We silence the cognitive dissonance through self-imposed ignorance.
There is no cure for this ideological irrationality – it’s simply the way we’re built. Nevertheless, I think a few simple fixes could dramatically improve our political culture. We should begin by minimizing our exposure to political pundits. The problem with pundits is best illustrated by the classic work of Philip Tetlock, a psychologist at UC-Berkeley. (I’ve written about this before on this blog.) Starting in the early 1980s, Tetlock picked two hundred and eighty-four people who made their living “commenting or offering advice on political and economic trends” and began asking them to make predictions about future events. He had a long list of questions. Would George Bush be re-elected? Would there be a peaceful end to apartheid in South Africa? Would Quebec secede from Canada? Would the dot-com bubble burst? In each case, the pundits were asked to rate the probability of several possible outcomes. Tetlock then interrogated the pundits about their thought process, so that he could better understand how they made up their minds. By the end of the study, Tetlock had quantified 82,361 different predictions.
After Tetlock tallied up the data, the predictive failures of the pundits became obvious. Although they were paid for their keen insights into world affairs, they tended to perform worse than random chance. Most of Tetlock’s questions had three possible answers; the pundits, on average, selected the right answer less than 33 percent of the time. In other words, a dart-throwing chimp would have beaten the vast majority of professionals.
So those talking heads on television are full of shit. Probably not surprising. What’s much more troubling, however, is that they’ve become our model of political discourse. We now associate political interest with partisan blowhards on cable TV, these pundits and consultants and former politicians who trade facile talking points. Instead of engaging with contrary facts, the discourse has become one big study in cognitive dissonance. And this is why the predictions of pundits are so consistently inaccurate. Unless we engage with those uncomfortable data points, those stats which suggest that George W. Bush wasn’t all bad, or that Obama isn’t such a leftist radical, then our beliefs will never improve. (It doesn’t help, of course, that our news sources are increasingly segregated along ideological lines.) So here’s my theorem: The value of a political pundit is directly correlated with his or her willingness to admit past error. And when was the last time you heard Karl Rove admit that he was wrong?
via scienceblogs.com
Once again, Jonah Lehrer nails it.
Your Brain on Exercise – NYTimes.com
July 7, 2010 health and fitness, scienceJanet
Fascinating piece on the impact of exercise on brain function. Definitely makes me feel like walking the dog!
http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/07/07/your-brain-on-exercise/
Paging James Sherwood (Ottawa, 1997)
March 18, 2010 news, scienceJanet
via ottawacitizen.com
The Ottawa Citizen is looking to help a ROM paleontologist locate the finder of this rare fossil of “an ancient armoured worm that predates dinosaurs.”
Jesus wept….
January 19, 2010 science, spiritualityJanet
…and it wasn’t about climate change.
Unbelievable tripe in the National Post today. I’m embarrassed to say that I attended the United Church for a few years.
Mardi Tindal, the newly elected moderator of the United Church of Canada, returned from last month’s climate change summit in Copenhagen with a deep malaise. Not a true clinical depression, but an anxious despair that reduced her to weeping.
“The difference between depression and what I was experiencing is that I wasn’t suppressing or finding myself in a place of isolation,” she said in an interview about her “lament,” and how it helped her to see “the truth about the condition of my own soul.”
She was so disappointed by the meeting’s failure to reach a binding deal that she broke down in the car one day as her husband drove toward their home church in Brantford, Ont.
“I simply wept. My tears were quiet, but I spoke through them, and I was being listened to. My husband said, ‘There is great power in what you have just said, and it is a powerful message that makes clear why you are weeping.’”
“And I said, ‘Doug, I’m weeping for the millions of lives that have been lost as a result of what did and did not happen in Copenhagen,” Ms. Tindal said. “My experience was that I had a place to go with my tears and my lament…. It’s an expression of pain for the world’s suffering.”
Don’t bother reading the rest.
Book Review: Experimental Man
January 12, 2010 health and fitness, reading, scienceJanet
David Duncan is a journalist and Director of the Center for Life Science Policy at UC Berkeley. He’s written a fascinating book called Experimental Man: What One Man’s Body Reveals about His Future, Your Health and Our Toxic World about his foray into the world of the body, specifically the new technologies that allow us to test and assess our risks for disease and disorder. Using himself as a subject, he submits to batteries of tests that examine his genes (for markers of disease), his blood (for toxins as well as naturally occuring molecules like cholesterol), his brain (for structural and functional attributes), and some other miscellaneous items (for example, he is one of the 25% of people who cannot taste bitterness).
With intriguing section titles like “Idyllic childhood in Kansas, except for the toxic waste dump” (which explores his high levels of PBDEs) and “Greed, gambling, and why my brain loves Dodgeball, the movie” (which examines his MRI and fMRI brain scans, the latter while performing some gambling tasks), the book is very readable and a great introduction to the technologies that may fundamentally alter the way medicine is practiced.
With their full consent, Duncan also includes family members in some of the genetic testing, looking for shared traits, and in particular, some information about his brother’s congenital bone disorder (osteogenesis imperfecta).
There is a website that interacts with the book (and can also stand alone) called The Experimental Man Project as well as a blog that provide updates to the book, which was published in 2009. I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in these sorts of technologies and how, for better or for worse, they will affect our quality (and quantity) of life in the future.
David Duncan is a journalist and Director of the Center for Life Science Policy at UC Berkeley. He’s written a fascinating book called Experimental Man: What One Man’s Body Reveals about His Future, Your Health and Our Toxic World
about his foray into the world of the body, specifically the new technologies that allow us to test and assess our risks for disease and disorder. Using himself as a subject, he submits to batteries of tests that examine his genes (for markers of disease), his blood (for toxins as well as naturally occuring molecules like cholesterol), his brain (for structural and functional attributes), and some other miscellaneous items (for example, he is one of the 25% of people who cannot taste bitterness).
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West Virginia federal court named after longtime judge – Nach Welt
WHEELING, WVA (AP) – A federal court in Wheeling, West Virginia, is renamed after a longtime judge.
Republican Congressman David McKinley said President Joe Biden signed a bill McKinley tabled to name the court after retired U.S. District Judge Frederick P. Stamp Jr.
“Known for his humility, dedication to service beyond himself, Judge Stamp is a well-respected lawyer who represents the best of West Virginia,” McKinley said in a statement. “It is an exceptionally proud day for the Wheeling community and our state to see the federal court in which he served for many years, named in his honor as the Frederick P. Stamp, Jr. Federal Building and United States Courthouse . “
Stamp is a lifelong resident of Wheeling. He was appointed to the US District Court for the Northern District of the state by President George HW Bush in 1990. Stamp moved to senior status in 2006.
James Webb Telescope: Launch for space telescope delayed again
PS Store January sale now live, here are the best PS5 and PS4 deals
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MARIANO ‘CHICHO’ FRUMBOLI
David Tango Dancers October 26, 2020 November 29, 2021 argentine tango dancer, MARIANO 'CHICHO' FRUMBOLI
Interview done in Buenos Aires, March 2008
ATDRC: What were the influences in your life, artistic or personal, that helped you in the development of your style of dancing?
CHICHO FRUMBOLI: My father had an artistic side that was significant. He was a fine arts professor, he studied the guitar, and I believe that this had a lot to do with my own artistic development, and creativity. I also remember that when I was a child my father often listened to Piazzolla, and that was my first contact with the tango; with the music more than anything. That’s why before I became a dancer, I was a musician. At the age of 13 I had my first drum set. Ten years later I began to study theatre with the great teacher and actress, Cristina Banegas.
I began my study of tango dancing like most people do by learning the basics and the structures of the dance. But all of this was so technical that it started to feel quite limited to me. I was a milonguero, I came from studying with Tete and Maria, which was a style that took into great consideration the physical connection with the person you found yourself dancing with in the moment. I needed to express with my body something more and it was at this time that I found my first tango teacher, Victoria Vieira, before Tete, and she took me to meet Gustavo Naveira who had developed a structure to the dance that I had never seen before. Gustavo and Fabian Salas had a practice group where they researched these new forms and they invited me to participate. This was all completely new for me, I had to re-learn the dance within that new form by listening and watching. In one month-and-a-half I learned what I hadn’t learned in two years. That’s why for me Gustavo Naveira has been the greatest influence in my dancing, and in my early development. Gustavo and Fabian often traveled abroad to teach, while I stayed behind with all of this information, practicing, and waiting for them to return in order to know where to go with all of this new information that was changing my dance. For me, my work with the dance became a very solitary practice. This coincided with my first trip to Europe, where I went to Paris, and I gave workshops in several other cities. I went with the idea of staying one month but ended up staying for 5. During those 5 months, I began to dance occasionally with Lucia Mazer, though I was still dancing with Victoria. When I returned to Buenos Aires, I stayed for 3 months and then returned to Europe because in that moment it was difficult for me to be accepted with this new style of tango that I was dancing, which was not very well received in the world of the traditional tango. When I arrived in Paris, they welcomed me with open arms. They wanted to learn that freedom within the dance, and not fall into the same basic structure that everyone was already familiar with in the tango. It was in that moment where I began working more seriously with Lucia Mazer, and we worked for 4 years together in Paris. Those were the most creative years of my career. I began working with Eugenia Parilla after this period, and we worked together both in Buenos Aires and Paris. She arrived right at the moment where I had processed a huge amount of information that I had not been able to give form to yet, and it was together with Eugenia that I had the most artistic moments of my career. In that moment there appeared a different dynamic of the tango that has to do with using the partner in order to facilitate movements. Up until that point, historically there was always a scenario where there was a lead and the woman followed, but today the connection is works differently. There is much more working with the body of the partner and the woman appears much more as a protagonist in the couple than before. We found a new way of showing ourselves, standing out both singularly and together as a couple in this new dynamic, creating new movements, because even the sacada didn’t exist 7 years ago.
ATDRC.: What is the order of priority when you think about the woman’s role?
CHICHO: I don’t think that woman is going to occupy more or less space, if not that the couple takes on more strength and power when it is a couple, with an equality between the two, and today that is really a division of 50/50. This has to do with the way the man is marking in the moment, if she cannot feel comfortable dancing, then I cannot dance. If I am only thinking in my own figure, in my step, in my elegance, and I forget completely in my partner and then surely there will be an accident, or a kick or some kind of total disconnection. If I want to take the movement to create a sacada, I have to communicate to my partner in the gentlest way that we are going to do that particular movement. To do it gently I have to be subtle in my marking, I can’t mark only with my hands, I have to do a completely corporal marking, or I propose something and she responds but she does it with another proposal and I then follow her. The strongest thing I achieved with Lucia was this kind of connection and balance.
ATDRC: Do you think your way of dancing has changed the tango? And if it did, in what way?
CHICHO: I think that yes in some way my form of dancing has changed the tango, I know this mostly from comments that people make to mean also because of the process I have lived over these past 13 years I have been dancing. I know that there are people who follow the method which I teach because I see them in the milongas, I see movements that were created by me.
ATDRC: Do you believe that Tango Nuevo really exists?
CHICHO: Tango Nuevo does exist, but it has so for a very long time, it’s not from 5 or 10 years back, Copes was dancing a new tango, Miguel Angel Zotto had a new tango, so we can say that there have been periods. Every once and a while there is someone who appears and proposes something new and that is the new tango of the moment. To think that ‘Tango Nuevo’ is something that occurred only 10 years ago is a commercial exploitation that we owe to the festival organizers, I don’t think I am doing ‘Tango Nuevo’, I feel that I am dancing tango. Because today there is a new generation that learned to dance 2,3 or 5 years ago, who only know how to do the new styles, the ganchos, the colgadas, but who are not in contact with everything that came before, and I go to the milongas and I see people that know how to move but that don’t know how to dance, people don’t breathe tango like they did before.
ATDRC: How does the woman influence in this contemporary style of the tango?
CHICHO: Like I said before, today the woman has a lot more participation. Before the man gave orders with the hand in the back of the woman, or it was all choreographed and the woman had an idea that she had to do everything on her own. Today it is another playing field, on another level, she has a much greater freedom within what happens inside of the embrace.
ATDRC: When you dance with a woman does she dance with her own style or is it something that you develop together?
CHICHO: I don’t care with what style she dances, what interests me is that in the moment when we are dancing together, that we are having fun together in the moment, I need to feel good next to that person.
ATDRC: But the individual style of the woman, does it change when they dance with you?
CHICHO: Actually, her style changes and mine as well, more than anything because of a need to adapt to one another. For example, when I danced with Lucia I did things in one way, and when I began to dance with Eugenia she proposed a different way of dancing, and so my body had to adapt itself. Because it can also be said that the professional dancers dance in one particular way and that the woman who comes to dance with them has to change her style and completely adapt herself to the way he dances, because he is incapable of changing, and that for me is a great error. Because if they were capable of adapting their dance to a new partner, the tango would go through a much faster evolution. For me the style is something you search for with your partner, and not something that you find separately.
ATDRC: What differences do you find in between the more traditional tango and the tango that is being danced today?
CHICHO: I believe the greatest difference is exactly that, the space that each one occupies, and to be really dancing as a couple and not as separate entities. And so, the difference is between dancing a violently marked tango or to be able to dance without barely touching one another. Because in regards to style they can’t be compared, they are time periods completely different.
ATDRC: In regards to the music, has it changed or does it have new influences?
CHICHO: I haven’t heard anything new yet which reflects what a real tango can make you feel. The dance of today has adapted itself to that kind of music referred to as electronic tango, and it doesn’t fall into the same category as a Pugliese or a Troilo. The tango was hidden for almost 30 years and that is the emptiness which is present today in the tango. There are people who are 60 or 70 years of age, and now there are those who are 30 years old, which is saying that there is a 20-year gap within the tango, because there aren’t really that many people in their 40’s and 50’s in the milongas. I believe that same thing occurred in the music, there was Piazzola and then there was a jump to Gotan Project, directly to Narcotango, and there hasn’t been a musical process that has accompanied the dance through its evolution. The music hasn’t evolved, it jumped and skipped a very important part of the creativity that is happening in the dance, which continues to grow and evolve creatively.
ATDRC: If you had to do a self-critique of your form of dancing, what would you say are your strengths and weaknesses
CHICHO: I believe that my best qualities have to do with my musicality, and obviously my creativity within that realm. I began as a musician and I continue to be one. The music is what moves me on all levels, I need to feel it in order to be able to dance, and I believe that is visible in my dancing. And I believe my weakness has to do with my inhibition, I still don’t feel that I have exploited and showed everything I have to show, almost as if I haven’t been able to give myself completely as I would like to.
ATDRC: There are people who belong to a more traditional style of tango, who think that what you do isn’t tango. What do you think in regards to those kinds of comments?
CHICHO: I can’t talk to someone who thinks that way, because I believe that they haven’t understood anything, and they haven’t understood what the tango is. I am more interested in what it is that really touches people, and the recognition that I have received, I am not interested in sharing that with other professionals
ATDRC: How do you see your career unfolding in the future?
CHICHO: I think that everything I do from now on until my last days on this earth will have to do with something artistic, today that is the tango, tomorrow that can be something else that allows me to express myself artistically.
ATDRC: To start wrapping this up, what do you think about the direction the tango is beginning to take, socially and artistically?
CHICHO: I think it is a very critical moment, there are many new young people who are beginning to dance today and if we as teachers can’t transmit what was taught to us as the essence of tango when we began, the tango will be lost, because the essence will be lost, and therefore losing its foundations. The most important element is to keep the tanguero essence alive, the style doesn’t matter, but that the people are really dancing the tango. Today the road is confusing, it’s in this space where or it either takes a turn towards modern dance or it continues being tango. Today people are dancing tango, but they are not living the tanguero essence, they don’t love the tango.
ATDRC: Do you think the large and increasing interest that foreigners have in the tango is affecting the dance?
CHICHO: My idea, and that of Gustavo Naveira and Fabian Salas as well, was always that the tango needed to be popular in the world. Obviously, it is born from one country and has its origins, but it needs to be universal. It cannot belong only to Buenos Aires. There is no way to prevent this expansion from happening, as every day more and more people are dancing tango in every part of the world.
Click here for other interviews and documentaries.
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Three other passengers injured, man fled scene
Driver Charged in Crash that Killed 13-Year-Old Bristow Boy
Prince William Police arrested and charged driver in April University Boulevard crash
Prince William Police vehicle
Prince William Police
Posted Wednesday, June 23, 2021 12:19 pm
On June 21, investigators with the Prince William County Police Crash Investigation Unit obtained charges against the driver of the 2002 Honda Civic involved in the fatal collision that occurred in the area of the Prince William Parkway and University Boulevard in Manassas on April 4.
The crash killed a 13-year-old male juvenile and injured three other occupants in the Honda, including a 35-year-old woman, a 16-year-old male juvenile, and a 9-year-old boy.
The 34-year-old male driver of the other vehicle involved, a 2003 Ford F-250, was also treated for minor injuries.
According to 1st Sgt. Jonathan Perok, the investigation revealed that the accused struck a separate vehicle, a 2017 Volkswagen Jetta, in the area of Sudley Road and Portsmouth Road in Manassas before fleeing the scene.
The other driver involved in that collision, identified as a 37-year-old woman, followed the accused to the area of the Prince William Parkway were the fatal crash occurred. No injuries and minor damage were reported in the initial crash.
Following the investigation, the accused, identified as Edward Yojan Aguirre Benitez , was charged.
Charged on June 21: [No Photo Available]
Police charged Edward Yojan Aguirre Benitez, 34, of 12560 Erroll Lane in Bristow with reckless driving, hit & run, and no operator’s license.
His court date has been set for Sept. 20, 2021. He has been released on a summons.
Identified:
The deceased occupant in the 2002 Honda Civic was identified as a 13-year-old male juvenile of Bristow
Fatal Crash Investigation [Previously Released] – On April 4 at 5:11 p.m., investigators with the Crash Investigation Unit responded to the area of the Prince William Parkway and University Boulevard in Manassas (20110) to investigate a crash.
The investigation revealed that the driver of 2002 Honda Civic was traveling westbound on University Boulevard and attempted to make a left onto the Prince William Parkway against a red traffic signal.
The vehicle entered the intersection and collided with a 2003 Ford F-250 that was traveling southbound on the Prince William Pkwy proceeding through the intersection.
The collision impacted the rear passenger compartment of the Civic. Two adults were seated in the front of the Civic while three juveniles were seated in the backseat. One of the occupants, identified as 13-year-old male juvenile, was pinned inside the vehicle, and extracted by an off-duty police officer and a responding officer.
The officers performed CPR on the juvenile prior to Fire & Rescue personnel arriving at the location. All five occupants of the Civic were transported to area hospitals where the 13-year-old died as a result of his injuries from the crash.
The deceased and another occupant in the Civic, identified as a 16-year-old male juvenile, were not wearing a seatbelt at the time of the collision. As a result of the force from the collision, the 16-year-old was ejected from the vehicle and sustained serious, life-threatening injuries.
The third juvenile occupant, a 9-year-old boy, also sustained serious injuries. The two adult occupants in the Civic and the driver of the driver of the F-250 were treated at an area hospital for minor injuries.
Due to a 2017 law change, the identity of the deceased juvenile is not being released. Speed does appear to be a contributing factor in the collision. Additional information about the crash will be released when it becomes available. The investigation continues.
5036 Davis Ford Road, Woodbridge, VA 22192
pwcva.gov/police | Facebook | Twitter | YouTube | Instagram | NextDoor | LinkedIn
accident, fatal, death, 13-year-old, boy, teen, Bristow, investigation, arrest, reckless driving, hit & run, Virginia, Manassas, University Boulevard, Prince William Parkway, crash, car accident, Prince William Police, injuries, Honda Civic, charges, no license, seat belt, fatal crash, April 4, 2021
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Virginia State Police Respond to Multiple Snow-Related Crashes Sunday
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VIDEO: Kurds Attempt to Stand in the Way of U.S. Troops Leaving City
by Team BonginoPosted: October 21, 2019
Secretary of Defense Mark Esper confirmed that President Trump ordered the withdrawal of troops from Syrian Kurdistan, or Rojava, to move to Iraq. According to Breitbart:
Congress has not passed an authorization for the president to send troops to protect Syrian Kurdish populations – only Congress can declare war- though it did pass a resolution condemning President Trump for not violating the law and keeping troops in Rojava against Congress’s wishes.
Below, footage published today by the Kurdish Hawar News Agency reportedly shows “infuriated civilians in Qamishli throwing tomatoes and attempting to stand in the way of a U.S. armored convoy leaving the city.” The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) – a formerly U.S> a.liked, mostly Kurdish military says they have “documented evidence it says proves the Erodgan’s troops and th allied Free Syrian Army (FSA) are using chemical weapons against Kurdish children” reported Breitbart.
The FSA is mostly an Arab militia that formed to fight Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad during the Syrian civil war. President Barack Obama initially attempted to “support the FSA against Assad in the early days of the civil war.” President Trump has lamented that since the United States’ intervention, we have simply become a police agency, not holding other countries responsible to handle their own issues, as they just let the United States spend time, money, resources, troops, and American deaths to secure their region, hundreds of thousand of miles from the U.S. Trump has noted his priority is to shift our troops to help our own borders here at home.
Ep. 1092 Liberals Have Given Up On America
Trump on FISA Report: 'You Will See Things That You Don't Believe'
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Best Autobiography Books That Will Hook You
Author BLGMReading 5 minViews 572Published by March 18, 2018
While there are many courses and tutorials online, learning from a book is still one of the best ways to greatly improve your skills. Below I have selected top Autobiography books.
Cash: The Autobiography (2003)
The Autobiography of Gucci Mane (2018)
The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As Told to Alex Haley (1987)
Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela (1995)
Assata: An Autobiography (2001)
Autobiography of a Yogi: The Original 1946 Edition plus Bonus Material (2005)
Mindhunter: Inside the FBI’s Elite Serial Crime Unit (2017)
Jesus: My Autobiography (2015)
Miles (2011)
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin (2019)
He was the “Man in Black,” a country music legend, and the quintessential American troubadour. He was an icon of rugged individualism who had been to hell and back, telling the tale as never before. In his unforgettable autobiography, Johnny Cash tells the truth about the highs and lows, the struggles and hard-won triumphs, and the people who shaped him.
Author(s): Johnny Cash
For the first time Gucci Mane tells his extraordinary story in his own words. It is “as wild, unpredictable, and fascinating as the man himself” (Complex). The platinum-selling recording artist began writing his remarkable autobiography in a federal maximum security prison. Released in 2016, he emerged radically transformed. He was sober, smiling, focused, and positive—a far cry from the Gucci Mane of years past.
Author(s): Gucci Mane, Neil Martinez-Belkin
In the searing pages of this classic autobiography, originally published in 1964, Malcolm X, the Muslim leader, firebrand, and anti-integrationist, tells the extraordinary story of his life and the growth of the Black Muslim movement. His fascinating perspective on the lies and limitations of the American Dream, and the inherent racism in a society that denies its nonwhite citizens the opportunity to dream, gives extraordinary insight into the most urgent issues of our own time.
Author(s): Malcolm X, Alex Haley, et al.
Nelson Mandela is one of the great moral and political leaders of our time: an international hero whose lifelong dedication to the fight against racial oppression in South Africa won him the Nobel Peace Prize and the presidency of his country.
Author(s): Nelson Mandela
On May 2, 1973, Black Panther Assata Shakur (aka JoAnne Chesimard) lay in a hospital, close to death, handcuffed to her bed, while local, state, and federal police attempted to question her about the shootout on the New Jersey Turnpike that had claimed the life of a white state trooper. Long a target of J.
Author(s): Assata Shakur, Angela Davis
One of the Top 100 Spiritual Books of the Twentieth Century. This is a new edition, featuring previously unavailable material, of a true spiritual classic. Autobiography of a Yogi is one of the best-selling Eastern philosophy titles of all-time, with millions of copies published.
Author(s): Paramhansa Yogananda
Discover the classic, behind-the-scenes chronicle of John E.
Author(s): John E. Douglas, Mark Olshaker
"I have come at this time, in this place, and through this being to speak my truth, to speak the story of my life — the true story of my life." The purpose of this book is to clarify, to tell the truth, and to share my energies with you so that you can begin the transformation of your mind and, therefore, the transformation of your heart and your world.
Author(s): Tina Louise Spalding
Universally acclaimed as a musical genius, Miles Davis was one of the most important and influential musicians in the world. Here, Miles speaks out about his extraordinary life.Miles: The Autobiography, like Miles himself, holds nothing back. He speaks frankly and openly about his drug problem and how he overcame it. He condemns the racism he encountered in the music business and in American society generally. And he discusses the women in his life.
Author(s): Miles Davis
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is the traditional name for the unfinished record of his own life written by Benjamin Franklin from 1771 to 1790; however, Franklin himself appears to have called the work his Memoirs. Although it had a tortuous publication history after Franklin’s death, this work has become one of the most famous and influential examples of an autobiography ever written.
Author(s): Benjamin Franklin
Stephen Fry The Fry Chronicles An Autobiography Part 02 Audiobook
We highly recommend you to buy all paper or e-books in a legal way, for example, on Amazon. But sometimes it might be a need to dig deeper beyond the shiny book cover. Before making a purchase, you can visit resources like Library Genesis and download some autobiography books mentioned below at your own risk. Once again, we do not host any illegal or copyrighted files, but simply give our visitors a choice and hope they will make a wise decision.
Autobiography of a Yogi ( Complete edition with over 80 Archival photos, 2016 Revised and Updated )
ID: 2368070, Publisher: Yogoda Satsanga Society of India, Year: 7 Apr 2016, Size: 6 Mb, Format: epub
The Life of Shabkar: Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin
Author(s): Shabkar Tsogdruk Rangdrol, Matthieu Ricard, Dalai Lama
ID: 2421383, Publisher: Shambhala Publications, Year: 6 Feb 2001, Size: 2 Mb, Format: epub
Alistair Cook: The Autobiography
Author(s): Sir Alastair Cook
ID: 2421365, Publisher: Penguin UK, Year: 5 Sept 2019, Size: 5 Mb, Format: epub
Please note that this booklist is not definite. Some books are truly chart-busters according to The Wall Street Journal, others are composed by unknown writers. On top of that, you can always find additional tutorials and courses on Coursera, Udemy or edX, for example. Are there any other relevant resources you could recommend? Drop a comment if you have any feedback on the list.
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1 RezensionRezension schreiben
A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels, Arranged ..., Band 12
von Robert Kerr
termined to steer a north-west course, till I got the true trade-wind, and then to stand to the westward till I should fall in with Solomon's Islands, if any such there were, or make some new discovery.
On the 10th we saw several dolphins and bonnettas about the ship, and the next day some straggling birds, which were brown on the back and the upper part of their wings, and white on the rest of the body, with a short beak, and a short pointed tail. The variation was now decreased to 4° 43' E. our latitude was 24° 30' S. our longitude 97° 45' W.
On the 14th we saw several grampuses, and inore of the birds which have just been described, so that, imagining we might be near some land, we kept a good look-out, but saw nothing. In latitude 23° 2 s. longitude 101° 23' W. the variation, by azimuth, was 3° 20' E.
On the morning of the 16th we saw two very remarkable birds; they flew very high, were as large as geese, and all qver as white as snow, except their legs, which were black: I now began to imagine that I had passed some land, or islands, which lay to the southward of us, for the last night we observed, that, although we had generally a great swell from that quarter, the water became quite smooth for a few hours, after which the swell returned.
On the 22d, being in latitude 20° 52' S. longitude 115° 38' W. with a faint breeze at E.S.E. we had so great a swell from the southward, that we were in perpetual danger of our masts rolling over the ship's side, so that I was obliged to haul more to the northward, as well to ease the ship, as in hopes of getting the true trade-wind, which we had not yet; and now, to my great concern, some of my began to complain of the scurvyo. This day, for the first time, we caught two bonnettas ; we also saw several tropie birds about the ship, and observed that they were largers than any we had seen before ; their whole plumage was white, and they had two long feathers in the tail. The variation now had changed its direction, and was 19' W.
On the 26th we saw two large birds about the ship, which were all black, except the neck and the beak, which were white; they had long wings, and long feathers in their tails, yet we observed that they flew heavily, and therefore ima gined that they were of a species which did not usually fly far from the shore. I had Hattered myself, that, before we had run six degrees to the northward of Masafuero, we
best men
should have found a seltled trade-wind to the S.E. but the winds still continued to the north, though we had a mountainous swell from the S.W. Our latitude was pow 16° 55' S. longitude 127° 55' W. and here the needle, at this time, had no variation.
On the 28th we saw two fine large birds about the ship, one of which was brown and white, and the other black and white; they wanted much to settle upon the yards, but the working of the ship frighted them.
On the 31st the wind shifted from N. by W. to N.W. by W. and the number of birds that were now about the ship was very great; from these circumstances, and our having lost the great south-west swell, I imagined some land to be near, and we looked out for it with great diligence, for our people began now to fall down with the scurvy very fast.
We saw no land, however, till one o'clock in the morning of Friday the 7th of June, when we were in latitude 14° 5' S. longitude 144° 58' W. and observed the variation to be 4° 30' E. After making the land, I hauled upon a wind under an easy sail till the morning, and then a low small island bore from us W.S.W. at the distance of about two leagues. In a very short time we saw another island to windward of us, bearing E.S.E. distant between three and four leagues : This appeared to be much larger than that which we first discovered, and we must have passed very near it in the night.
I stood for the small island, which, as we drew near it, had a most beautiful appearance; it was surrounded by a beach of the finest white sand, and within, it was covered with tall trees, which extended their shade to a great distance, and formed the most delightful groves that can be imagined, without underwood. We judged this island to be about five miles in circumference, and from each end of it we saw a spit running out into the sea, upon which the surge broke with great fury; there was also a great surf all round it. We soon perceived that it was inhabited, for many or the natives appeared upon the beach, with spears in their hands that were at least sixteen feet long. They presently made several large fires, which we supposed to be a signal; for we immediately perceived several fires upon the larger island that was to windward of us, by which we knew that also to be inhabited. I sent the boat with an officer to look for an anchoring-place, who, to our great regret and disap
pointment, pointment, returned with an account that he had been all round the island, and that no bottom could be found within less than a cable's length of the shore, which was surrounded close to the beach with a steep coral rock. The scurvy by this time had made dreadful havock among us, many of my best men being now confined to their hammocks; the poor wretches who
were able to crawl upon the deck, stood gazing at this little paradise, which Nature had forbidden them to enter, with sensations which cannot easily be conceived; they saw cocoa-nuts in great abundance, the milk of which is, perhaps, the most powerful antiscorbutic in the world: They had reason to suppose that there were limes, bananas, and other fruits which are generally found between the tropics; and, to increase their mortification, they saw the shells of many turtle scattered about the shore. When I knew the soundings, I could not forbear standing close round the island with the ship, though I also knew it was impossible to procure any of the refreshments which it produced. The natives ran along the shore abreast of the ship, shouting and dancing ; they also frequently brandished their long spears, and then threw themselves backward, and lay a few minutes motionless, as if they had been dead: This we understood as a menace that they would kill us, if we ventured to go on shore. As we were sailing along the coast, we took notice that in one place the natives had fixed upright in the sand two spears, to the top of which they had fastened several things that fluttered in the air, and that some of them were every moment kneeling down before them, as we supposed invoking the assistance of some invisible being to defend them against us. While I was thus circumnavigating the island with the ship, I sent the boats out again to sound, and when they came near the shore, the Indians set up one of the most hideous yells I had ever heard, pointing at the same time to their spears, and poising in their hands large stones which they took up from the beach. Our men on the contrary made all the signs of amity and good-will that they could devise, and at the same time threw them bread and many other things, none of which they vouchsafed so much as to touch, but with great expedition hauled five or six large canoes, which we saw lying upon the beach, up into the wood. When this was done, they waded into the water, and seemed to watch for an opportunity of laying hold of the boat, that they might drag her on shore : The people on board her, apprehending that this was their design, and that if they got them on shore they would certainly put them to death, were very impatient to be before-hand with them, and would fain have fired upon them ; but the officer on board, having no permission from me to commit any hostilities, restrained thein. I should indeed have thought myself at liberty to have obtained by force the refreshments, for want of which our people were dying, if it had been possible to have come to an anchor, supposing we could not have inade these poor savages our friends; but nothing could justify the taking away their lives for a mere imaginary or intentional injury, without procuring the least advantage to ourselves. They were of a deep copper colour, exceedingly stout and welllimbed, and remarkably nimble and active, for I never saw men run so fast in my life. This island lies in latitude 14. 5' S., longitude 145° 4' W. from the meridian of London. As the boats reported a second time that there was no anchoring ground about this island, I determined to work up to the other, which was accordingly done all the rest of the day and the following night.
heard,
VOL. XII.
5" Other objections stood also in our way; for the Indians had surrounded the shore with staves and javelins 16 feet long, with a piece of bone at the end in the form of a harpoon, in their hands, hallooing and shouting in the most hideous manner, at the same time making signs with their hands for us to be gone; always taking care, as the boat sailed along the shore, to move in the same direction and accompany it; and though the men saw some turtle at a distance, they could get at none, as those Indians still kept opposite to them.' -" They altogether amounted to about 50 in number, including women and children; and to the south-west we could perceive their huts, under the shade of the most lovely grove we ever saw,
At six o'clock in the morning of the 8th, we brought-to on the west side of it, at the distance of about three quarters of a mile from the shore; but we had no soundings with one hundred and forty fathom of line. We now perceived several other low islands, or rather peninsulas, most of them being joined one to the other by a neck of land, very narrow, and almost level with the surface of the water, which breaks high over it. In approaching these islands the cocoa-nut trees are first discovered, as they are higher than any part of the surface. I sent a boat with an officer from each ship to sound the lee-side of these islands for an an: choring-place; and as soon as they left the ship, I saw the
Indians run down to the beach in great numbers, armed with long spears and clubs ; they kept abreast of the boats as they went sounding along the shore, and used many threatening gestures to prevent their landing; I therefore fired a nine-pound shot from the ship over their heads, upon which they ran into the woods with great precipitation. At ten o'clock the boats returned, but could get no soundings close in with the surf, which broke very high upon the shore. The middle of this cluster of islands lies in latitude 14° 10' S., longitude 144° 52' W.; the variation of the compass was here 4° 30' E.
At half an hour after ten, we bore away and made sail to the westward, finding it impossible to procure at these islands any refreshment for our sick, whose situation was becoming more deplorable every hour, and I therefore called them the Islands of Disappointment.
SECTION IX.
The Disrovery of King George's Islands, with a Description of them, and an Account of several Incidents that happened there.
At half an hour after five o'clock in the afternoon of the 9th, we saw land again, bearing W. S. W. at the distance of six or seven leagues ; and at seven we brougbt-to for the night. In the morning, being within three miles of the shore, we discovered it to be a long low island, with a white beach, of a pleasant appearance, full of cocoa-nut and other trees, and surrounded with a rock of red coral. We stood
6“ They were in much greater number than at the other island, and followed us in the same manner, several hundreds of them running along the coast in great disorder.”_" They had many canoes, which, on our approaching the shore, they dragged into the woods, and at the same time the women came with great stones in their hands to assist the men in preventing our landing.”_" We had now 30 sick on board, to whom the land air, the fruit and vegetables, that appeared so beautiful and attractive, would doubtless have afforded immediate relief.” It seems very probable, from the conduct of these islanders, and of the others mentioned in the next section, that some former visitants had used them so ill, as to unite them in determined opposition to the entrance of all strangers. Would it be unfair to imagine, from a circumstance afterwards narrated, that these yisitants were Dutch? All the seafaring nations of Europe, alas ! are too deeply implicated in the animosities and miseries of the South Sea inhabitants.-E.
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Lapas attēli
Immigration and Nationality Laws and Regulations, as of March 1, 1944
Autori: United States, United States. Immigration and Naturalization Service
TIME OF TAKING EFFECT Sec. 31. (a) Sections 2, 8, 13, 14, 15, and 16, and subdivision (f) of section 1ì, shall take effect on July 1, 1924, except that immigration visas and permits may be issued prior to that date, which shall not be valid for admission to the United States before July 1, 1924. In the case of quota immigrants of any nationality, the number of immigration visas to be issued prior to July 1, 1924, shall not be in excess of 10 per centum of the quota for such nationality, and the number of immigration visas so issued shall be deducted from the number which may be issued during the month of July, 1924. In the case of immigration visas issued before July 1, 1924, the fourmonth period referred to in subdivision (c) of section 2 shall begin to run on July 1, 1924, instead of at the time of the issuance of the immigration visa.
(b) The remainder of this Act shall take effect upon its enactment.
(c) If any alien arrives in the United States before July 1, 1924, his right to admission shall be determined without regard to the provisions of this Act, except section 23. (43 Stat. 169; 8 U. S. C. A. 201, annotation 1.)
SAVING CLAUSE IN EVENT OF UNCONSTITUTIONALITY
Seo. 32. If any provision of this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, is held invalid, the remainder of the Act, and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby. (43 Stat. 169; 8 U. S. C. 226.)
Approved, May 26, 1924.
Immigration and Related Acts
Other than the Acts of February 5, 1917, and May 26, 1924
NO TAX OR CHARGE BY STATE ON IMMIGRANTS
Act approved May 81, 1870
Sec. 16. No tax or charge shall be imposed or enforced by any State upon any person immigrating thereto from a foreign country, which is not equally imposed and enforced upon every person immigrating to such State from any other foreign country.(R. S. $ 2164.)
AUTHORIZING PAYMENT TO INFORMER IN CASES OF VIOLATION
OF CONTRACT LABOR LAW
Act approved February 26, 1885, as amended SECTION 1.
That the act approved February twentysixth, eighteen hundred and eighty-five, entitled "An act to prohibit the importation and migration of foreigners and aliens under contract or agreement to perform labor in the United States, its Territories, and the District of Columbia,” be, and the same is hereby amended so as to authorize the Attorney General to pay to an informer who furnishes original information that the law has been violated such a share of the penalties recovered as he may deem reasonable and just, not exceeding fifty per centum, where it appears that the recovery was had in consequence of the information thus furnished. (23 Stat. 332; 25 Stat. 567; 8 U. S. C. 140.)
AUTHORIZING THE PRESIDENT TO SUSPEND IMMIGRATION FROM COUNTRIES IN WHICH CHOLERA OR OTHER INFECTIOUS OR CONTAGIOUS DISEASES EXIST
Sec. 7. That whenever it shall be shown to the satisfaction of the President that by reason of the existence of cholera or other infectious or contagious diseases in a foreign country there is serious danger of the introduction of the same into the United States, and that notwithstanding the quarantine defense this danger is so increased by the introduction of persons or property from such country that a suspension of the right to introduce the same is demanded in the interest of the public health, the President shall have power to prohibit, in whole or in part, the introduction of persons and property from such countries or places as he shall designate and for such period of time as he may deem necessary. (27 Stat. 452; 42 U.S. C. 111.)
1 For other provisions covering head tax, see also sec. 2, Act of February 8, 1917 (89 Stat. 875; 8 U. S. C. 1:32), p. 2, and Public Resolution 44, p. 79.
? Act of October 19, 1888 (25 Stat. 567 : 8 U. S. C. 140). Prior thereto, prorision for paying Informer was not in the Act of February 26, 1885 (23 Stat. 332). See also sec. 5, Act of February 5, 1917 (39 Stat. 879; 8 U.S. C. 139), p. 8, and the Act of June 28. 1940 (54 Stat. 578), p. 107, for other provisions covering rewards to informers.
REQUIRING STEAMSHIP OR TRANSPORTATION COMPANIES TO POST COPIES OF IMMIGRATION LAWS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Act approved March 8, 1893
Sec. 8. That all steamship, or transportation companies, and other owners of vessels, regularly engaged in transporting alien immigrants to the United States, shall twice a year file a certificate with the Attorney General that they have furnished to be kept conspicuously exposed to view in the office of each of their agents in foreign countries authorized to sell emigrant tickets, a copy of the law of March third, eighteen hundred and ninety-one, and of all subsequent laws of this country relative to immigration, printed in large letters, in the language of the country where the copy of the law is to be exposed to view, and that they have instructed their agents to call the attention thereto of persons contemplating emigration before selling tickets to them; and in case of the failure for sixty days of any such company or any such owners to file such a certificate, or in case they file a false certificate, they shall pay a fine of not exceeding five hundred dollars, to be recovered in the proper United States court, and said fine shall also be a lien upon any vessel of said company or owners found within the United States. (27 Stat. 570-571; 8 U.S. C. 172.)
CONTRACT LABOR LAWS APPLICABLE TO TERRITORY OF HAWAII
Act approved April 30, 1900
Sec. 10. That the Act approved February twenty-sixth, eighteen hundred and eighty-five, "to prohibit the importation and migration of foreigners and aliens under contract or agreement to perform labor in the United States, its Territories, and the District of Columbia," and the Acts amendatory thereof and supplemental thereto, be, and the same are hereby, extended to and made applicable to the Territory of Hawaii.(31 Stat. 143; 48 U. S. C. 504.)
REGULATING ADMISSION OF ALIENS UNDER CONTRACT IF ENGAGED IN INSTALLING OR CONDUCTING EXHIBITS
Sec. 3. That nothing in the provisions of this Act or any other Act shall be construed to prevent, hinder, or restrict any foreign
• See 8 C. F. R. 178, for interpretation of this act.
• For provisions probibiting importation of contract laborers generally see sec. 5, Act of Feb, 5, 1917, p. 8. For provisions relating to rewards to informers, see sec. 6. Act of Feb. 5, 1917, p.8, and Act of June 26, 1940, p. 107.
exhibitor, representative, or citizen of any foreign nation, or the holder, who is a citizen of any foreign nation, of any concession or privilege from any fair or exposition authorized by Act of Congress from bringing into the United States, under contract, such mechanics, artisans, agents, or other employees, natives of their respective foreign countries, as they or any of them may deem necessary for the purpose of making preparation for installing or conducting their exhibits or of preparing for installing or conducting any business authorized or permitted under or by virtue of or pertaining to any concession or privilege which may have been or may be granted by any said fair or exposition in connection with such exposition, under such rules and regulations as the Attorney General may prescribe, both as to the admission and return of such person or persons. (32 Stat. 177; 8 U. S. C. 136 (h).)
AUTHORIZING REFUND OF HEAD TAX
Act approved February 3, 1905 •
Provided, That the Commissioner General of Immigration, with the approval of the Secretary of Labor, shall have power to refund head tax heretofore and hereafter collected under section one of the Immigration Act approved March third, nineteen hundred and three, upon presentation of evidence showing conclusively that such collection was erroneously made. (33 Stat. 684; 8 U. S. C. 134.)
AUTHORIZING PAYMENT IN ADVANCE FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR
* That the annual subscriptions for publications for use in the Immigration and Naturalization Service at large may be paid in advance. (33 Stat. 1182.)
DEPORTATION OF CERTAIN ALIENS CONVICTED OF VIOLATION OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IMPORT AND EXPORT ACT
Act approved February 9, 1909, as amended Be it enacted by the Senate and llouse of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That sections 1 and 2 of the Act entitled “An Act to prohibit the importation and the use of opium for other than medicinal purposes," approved February 9, 1909, as amended, are amended to read as follows:
"That when used in this Act
“(a) The term 'narcotic drug' means opium, coca leaves, cocaine, or any salt, derivative, or preparation of opium, coca leaves, or cocaine;
* See eighth proviso, sec. 3, Immigration Act of 1917, p. 7. • For provision authorizing collection of head tax see sec. 2, Act of Feb. 5, 1917, p. 2.
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The Road to Delano
Title: THE ROAD TO DELANO
Author: John DeSimone
Publisher: Rare Bird Books
Jack Duncan is a high school senior whose dream is to play baseball in college and beyond―as far away from Delano as possible. He longs to escape the political turmoil surrounding the labor struggles of the striking fieldworkers that infests his small ag town. Ever since his father, a grape grower, died under suspicious circumstances ten years earlier, he’s had to be the sole emotional support of his mother, who has kept secrets from him about his father’s involvement in the ongoing labor strife.
With their property on the verge of a tax sale, Jack drives an old combine into town to sell it so he and his mother don’t become homeless. On the road, an old friend of his father’s shows up and hands him the police report indicating Jack’s father was murdered. Jack is compelled to dig deep to discover the entire truth, which throws him into the heart of the corruption endemic in the Central Valley. Everything he has dreamed of is at stake if he can’t control his impulse for revenge.
While Jack’s girlfriend, the intelligent and articulate Ella, warns him not to so anything to jeopardize their plans of moving to L.A., after graduation, Jack turns to his best friend, Adrian, a star player on the team, to help to save his mother’s land. When Jack’s efforts to rescue a stolen piece of farm equipment leaves Adrian―the son of a boycotting fieldworker who works closely with Cesar Chavez―in a catastrophic situation, Jack must bail his friend out of his dilemma before it ruins his future prospects. Jack uses his wits, his acumen at card playing, and his boldness to raise the money to spring his friend, who has been transformed by his jail experience.
The Road to Delano is the path Jack, Ella, and Adrian must take to find their strength, their duty, their destiny.
cLICK BELOw TO ORDER YOUR COPY!
Amazon → https://amzn.to/2Rdrc0G
Barnes & Noble → https://bit.ly/381fQT9
Book Depository → https://bit.ly/2Ld0z82
IndieBound → https://www.indiebound.org/book/9781644280317
John DeSimone is a published writer, novelist, and teacher. He’s been an adjunct professor and holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Spalding University. His recent co-authored books include Broken Circle: A Memoir of Escaping Afghanistan (Little A Publishers), and Courage to Say No by Dr. Raana Mahmood, about her struggles against sexual exploitation as a female physician in Karachi. His published novel Leonardo’s Chair published in 2005.
In 2012, he won a prestigious Norman Mailer Fellowship to complete his most recent historical novel, Road to Delano. His novels Leonardo’s Chair and No Ordinary Man have received critical recognition.
He works with select clients to write stories of inspiration and determination and with those who have a vital message to bring to the marketplace of ideas in well-written books.
website & Social Links
Website → https://www.johndesimone.com/
Twitter → https://twitter.com/JRDeSimone
Facebook → https://www.facebook.com/bookwriter718/
The Road to Delano was a great read that was filled with fast paced adventures, wit, mystery, and drama. I could not help, but love Jack's determination to uncover the truth and his willingness to help those close to him!
Title: The Courier
Author: Gordon J. Campbell
An expatriate businessman, Gregg Westwood, leaves the Officers’ Club at an American Air Base in Japan unaware about the impression he’s made on two intelligence agents. They sized him up as someone with potential for strategic deployment, and more importantly, he’s under the radar.
Gregg’s exploits start with what he thinks is a one-off assignment as a courier, and the straightforward task spirals out of control. He’s forced to rise to the occasion and use every resource available to survive. Even his family is jeopardized which forces him to return to Japan to settle scores.
The Courier is one man’s struggle to fight for survival in a world that he’s not been trained for and where violence and retribution are the names of the game.
Praise:
“The Bottom Line: One of the year’s best thrillers.”
–BestThrillers.com
“With such fine attention to detail in creating some amazing scenes, I give The Courier 4 out of 4 stars. Campbell creates an amazing and well-edited adventure that could even someday work on the big screen. Readers that enjoy action adventures or thrillers will likely enjoy this one as well.”
–Official review by Kendra M Parker, OnlineBookClub.org
“The Courier is an exciting ride from start to finish. I couldn’t put it down and wanted more when it finished.”
–Gyle Graham, entrepreneur and longtime Tokyo expatriate
“The Courier would transform well from a thriller novel to an action movie.”
–Michael Harrison, marketing expert and martial artist
Amazon → https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07W89JND1?
Gordon Campbell is a Winnipeg born Canadian who’s spent most of his life in Japan. He’s worked as an English teacher, a market entry consultant with a focus on the medical and sporting goods industries, and as a sales director for a corporation with multiple product lines.
He’s presently working on the second novel of a series initiated with The Courier, and its protagonist, Gregg Westwood.
Gordon leans on his experiences built around decades working and traveling in Asia. He’s trained at several karate dojos, run full marathons, and skied black diamond hills in the Japanese Alps.
He played American football at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver and started in the Canadian championship game known as the Vanier Cup. Gordon is a member of Psi Upsilon Fraternity, Sinim Masonic Lodge, and the Tokyo Valley of the AASR.
When he’s not writing, working, attending one of his daughter’s vocal concerts, pumping iron, or at a lodge meeting, you’ll find him dining with his wife Mako at their favorite local bistro.
Website → https://www.gordonjcampbell.com/
Facebook → https://www.facebook.com/gordonjcampbellauthor/
Twitter → https://twitter.com/GcampbellGordon
I really enjoyed reading The Courier as it had the feel of a fast pace espionage book, yet instead of a spy for the main character it was businessman Gregg Westwood. Gregg Westwood was quickly drawn into a role very different from his own, yet he managed to roll with the punches. I ended up really liking him as a main character!
DECONSTRUCTING ANXIETY The Journey from Fear to Fulfillment by Todd E. Pressman, PhD
Book Title: DECONSTRUCTING ANXIETY The Journey from Fear to Fulfillment by Todd E. Pressman, PhD
Category: Adult Non-Fiction (18+) (336 pages)
Genre: Self-Help/How To
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Tour dates: Jan 13 to Feb 7, 2020
In Deconstructing Anxiety, Pressman provides a new and comprehensive understanding of fear's subtlest mechanisms. In this model, anxiety is understood as the wellspring at the source of all problems. Tapping into this source therefore holds the clues not only for how to escape fear, but how to release the very causes of suffering, paving the way to a profound sense of peace and satisfaction in life.
With strategically developed exercises, this book offers a unique, integrative approach to healing and growth, based on an understanding of how the psyche organizes itself around anxiety. It provides insights into the architecture of anxiety, introducing the dynamics of the “core fear” (one's fundamental interpretation of danger in the world) and “chief defense” (the primary strategy for protecting oneself from threat). The anxious personality is then built upon this foundation, creating a “three dimensional, multi-sensory hologram” within which one can feel trapped and helpless.
Replete with processes that bring the theoretical background into technicolor, Deconstructing Anxiety provides a clear roadmap to resolving this human dilemma, paving the way to an ultimate and transcendent freedom. Therapists and laypeople alike will find this book essential in helping design a life of meaning, purpose and enduring fulfillment.
Amazon ~ Add to Goodreads
TODD E. PRESSMAN, Ph.D., is a psychologist dedicated to helping people design lives of fulfillment. He is the founder and director of Logos Wellness Center and Pressman and Associates Life Counseling Center. An international speaker and seminar leader, he has presented at the Omega Institute, the New York Open Center, and numerous professional conferences, including the prestigious Council Grove Conference, sponsored by the Menninger Foundation. He has written dozens of articles, educational programs, and two highly acclaimed books, Radical Joy: Awakening Your Potential for True Fulfillment and The Bicycle Repair Shop: A True Story of Recovery from Multiple Personality Disorder. He earned his doctorate in psychology from the Saybrook Institute and an undergraduate degree from the University of Pennsylvania, has studied under renowned leaders in the Consciousness movement and Gestalt therapy, and has traveled around the world to study the great Wisdom traditions, from Zen Buddhism to fire-walking ceremonies, providing a cross-cultural perspective of the extraordinary capacities of the mind and spirit. He makes his home in Philadelphia.
Connect with the author:
Website ~ Twitter ~ Facebook ~ Instagram
Twas the Night
Title: ‘TWAS THE NIGHT
Author: Marin
Publisher: Fontreal
‘TWAS THE NIGHT is a wordless book that “tells” a heartwarming and inspirational Christmas story. The illustrations gift each reader, young and young at heart, the opportunity to reimagine the Season’s wonder, and the freedom “to script” (if they choose to) their own lines to go with the images. Keep dreaming big!
https://fontreal.com/landing-2/
My name is Marin and I was a child a very long time ago. My father passed away when I was one year old. My mother remarried and I was raised by my loving (but strict!) grandparents. After losing their son, they were terrified by the thought of losing their grandson. For this reason, they didn’t let me play on the street, swim in the nearby pond or explore the forest with the rest of the kids. This was also the reason I learned to read and write long before I went to school. My grandparents surrounded me with books. Books became my imaginary parents and my fictional friends. Apart from my genetic building blocks, books also came to be the main component in my development as a creative, compassionate and competitive individual.
I studied nuclear physics, art, and literature, but I enjoyed art the most. As a young artist, I was eager to succeed, winning prizes from various countries. I later became a partner in an advertising agency and switched my attention to serving clients. My last award was somewhere in the early nineties – The Best in the West by Corel Draw Corporation.
Oh, a few more boring things about me: I do not drive, I do not drink carbonated beverages, I have never consumed food from McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC or any other fast food restaurant, I do not have a mobile phone, I have never used legal or illegal drugs (except Gravol when I fly), and I have never visited my GP (much to the disapproval of my wife).
I read. I read every day. I am what I am today because of books. This publishing house is my little “thank you” to all of them.
Website → http://www.fontreal.com
Twitter → http://www.twitter.com/fontralbooks
Facebook → http://www.facebook.com/fontreal/
Twas the Night was a great Christmas book. These days so many Christmas books are just re-writes of the same stories, but this one was not a re-write. Instead it was a unique book that is perfect for any person of any age to get into the Christmas spirit!
Tetrastatum
Title: TETRASTATUM
Author: Dr. Richard & Tim Smith
Publisher: Epigraph Publishing
Genre: Time Travel Thriller
In their debut novel TETRASTATUM, authors Dr. Richard and Tim Smith combine heady concepts about the universe with a thrilling science fiction story about the search for a new kind of time travel. The result is a stunning mixture of dense cosmology and old-fashioned storytelling that will appeal to a wide readership, from science professionals to lay fans of science fiction.
“Dr. Richard” and “Tim Smith” are the pseudonyms of Dr. Richard Connor and Marcus Rodriguez, respectively.
“TETRASTATUM (‘the fourth state’) is the culmination of my 30 years working in the field of photonics,” Dr. Richard says. “I am an avid reader of sci-fi, and I wanted to create a new type of work that is both educational and entertaining in the genre. TETRASTATUM gives the reader a unique understanding of the existing laws of physics and extends them to provoke further thought from novice readers as well as advanced experts in the field.”
Kirkus Reviews notes that “authors Dr. Richard and Smith … tell their cerebral story with a heady mix of dense theory and absurdist humor.”
The Independent Review of Books declares: “TETRASTATUM is like nothing you have ever read before. This is an impressive work of science fiction …”
The San Francisco Book Review adds that, “These recurring themes of characterization and distortion feed into the concern that is being voiced over the current state of our political climate…The layering of these themes is ultimately what gives TETRASTATUM a relevance that will keep readers turning pages and asking questions.”
“The book ultimately explains how human perceptions alter the future and puts forth a model based on quantum physics to explain ‘reality’,” Dr. Richard continues. He calls science fiction “the perfect genre to explore socio-political ideas within the context of futuristic technologies and scientific theories.”
Dr. Richard and Smith are currently working with Norith Soth on adapting TETRASTATUM into a screenplay. Mr. Soth has penned work for Justin Lin (“Fast and Furious”), Stephen Chin (“War Dogs”), and Norman Reedus (“The Walking Dead”).
order your copy below
Amazon → https://tinyurl.com/y6tlmpbj
Dr. Richard has been involved in the field of Photonics for over 30 years. He received his BA in physics (honors) from the University of California Fullerton. He was in a full scholarship PhD program in physics at the University of California Irvine and a PhD program in philosophy at Claremont Graduate School. Dr. Richard completed his two dissertations (involving human interpretations of laser and electro-optical images) while under top secret clearance. He also has an advanced placement teaching credential, an advanced certification (from the University of Wisconsin) in laser and optical design; and other advanced certifications in fiber optics, computer programming, technology business development, financial products, dance, anatomy and physiology.
WEBSITE → https://www.tetrastatum.com
TWITTER → https://twitter.com/DrRichard_ISTAR
FACEBOOK → https://www.facebook.com/istarsfx
TETRASTATUM was a bit of a heavy read with how it was not just fiction, but also real science concepts. However the aspects of reality and science fiction did play well together and I finished this book in about a week.
Failure to ProtectFailure to Protect
Title: Failure To Protect
Author: Pamela Samuels Young
Publisher: Goldman House Publishing
Genre: Mystery/Legal Thriller
When the classroom is no longer a safe space for her child, the outraged mother of a bullied nine-year-old is determined to seek justice for her daughter. An ambitious school principal, however, is far more concerned about protecting her career than getting to the truth. She flat out denies any knowledge of the bullying and prefers to sweep everything under the rug. But just how low will she go?
When the mother’s two hard-charging female attorneys enter the picture, they face more than an uphill battle. As the case enters the courtroom, the women fight hard to expose the truth. But will a massive coverup hinder their quest for justice?
Amazon → https://amzn.to/2PXwixo
Award-winning author and attorney Pamela Samuels Young writes mysteries that matter. Dubbed “John Grisham with a sister’s twist” by one reviewer, Pamela’s fast-paced novels often tackle important social issues.
Her most recent legal thriller, Failure to Protect, takes on the bullying epidemic and its devastating aftermath. Pamela won the prestigious NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Fiction for her thriller Anybody’s Daughter, which provides a realistic look inside the world of child sex trafficking. Her courtroom drama Abuse of Discretion centers around a troubling teen sexting case. #Anybody’s Daughter and #Abuse of Discretion are young adult editions of the two books. A young adult version of Failure to Protect goes on sale in December 2019.
Pamela also writes dangerously sassy romantic suspense under the pen name Sassy Sinclair. Her first foray into the romance genre, Unlawful Desires (2017), was awarded Best Erotic Romance by Romance Slam Jam. Her second book, Unlawful Seduction (2018), was honored as a finalist in Romance Writers of America/Passionate Ink’s Passionate Plume contest in the Best Contemporary Erotica category.
The prolific writer is a frequent speaker on the topics of sex trafficking, bullying, online safety, fiction writing, self-empowerment, and pursuing your passion. To invite Pamela to your book club meeting or to read excerpts of her books, visit www.pamelasamuelsyoung.com and www.sassysinclair.com .
Website: www.pamelasamuelsyoung.com
Twitter: www.twitter.com/authorpsy
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AuthorPamelaSamuelsYoung/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/authorpsy/
Failure to Protect was quite the book it really honed in on the bullying that plagues many children and their families. This book focused on getting justice, discovering the truth, and doing what is right. The three aspects made this book quite the read and one I am very glad I took the time to read and enjoy as it was well worth it!
Stellar Fusion
Title: STELLAR FUSION
Author: E.L. Strife
Genre: Scifi/Fantasy
This isn’t the first invasion. This time, they’re taking everything… and everyone.
Earth, still patching itself together from the 300 Years War, is severely unprepared and outnumbered when the invasion hits. Their only hope is a small team of soldiers on a suicide mission to infiltrate the mothership and relay critical defense information home.
The last survivor of the first encounter can’t explain why she knows what she does. Sergeant Nakio Atana is the Universal Protectors’ elite assassin and holds within a spark of unimaginable power. But a daring escape from an enemy ship knocked the first fifteen years of her life into darkness, leaving her with only inexplicable apathy and technical knowledge beyond Earth’s evolution.
What she is can change their future.
Sergeant Bennett must guard her with his life.
Together, Atana and Bennett lead the team in hopes her knowledge, and his crew’s skills, will render them a soft spot in the alien armor. What they find when they reach the mothership is entirely unexpected. The truth they uncover will challenge the code they live by and their concepts of the power within.
“Stellar Fusion is the work of a new aspiring writer with a penchant for exploring possibilities of future life for humankind. Good versus evil, loyalty, truth, integrity, and the power of strength, love, and hope are all masterfully interwoven into this inaugural novel by E.L. Strife. With the age-old theme of making the world a better place, Strife casts her characters in the spotlight as they embrace survival on the planet. Stellar Fusion offers readers an opportunity to look to the future and reflect on what is most important to ensure the happiness, success, and survival of the human race.”
-Amazon Customer
“Great book. Would recommend it to anyone who enjoys fast-paced sci-fi action with moments that slow to profoundly grab your heart and draw you into the characters’ lives. Looking forward to reading book 2 when it’s released.”
Amazon → https://amzn.to/2PfzdPQ
Adopted by two educators, Strife developed a deep love for learning new things. In 2012, she graduated from Oregon State University with two Bachelor’s Degrees in Public Health and Human Sciences: Interior Design and Exercise Sport Science. Her past wears fatigues, suits, and fitness gear, sprinkled with mascara and lace.
“I like to question everything, figure out how things work, and do tasks myself. Experiencing new things is fun but also helps with writing raw and genuine stories. And I’m always trying to push my comfort zones.”
Strife likes the rumble of her project car’s 350-ci V8. She enjoys the rush of snowboarding and riding ATVs on the dunes. But nothing brings her more solace than camping in the mountains where the stars are their brightest.
Strife enjoys connecting with readers and welcomes all feedback and questions.
Website → www.elstrife.com
Twitter → http://twitter.com/ElysiaLStrife
Facebook → http://www.facebook.comauthorelstrife
Stellar Fusion was simply an amazing read! I was always left guessing what was going to happen next and if Atana and Bennett would succeed or fail. This was a great read and I hope the author writes more like it in the future!
DECONSTRUCTING ANXIETY The Journey from Fear to Fu...
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Violence: Six Sideways Reflections
Slavoj Zizek (Author)
Philosopher, cultural critic, and agent provocateur Slavoj Zizek constructs a fascinating new framework to look at the forces of violence in our world.
Using history, philosophy, books, movies, Lacanian psychiatry, and jokes, Slavoj Zizek examines the ways we perceive and misperceive violence. Drawing from his unique cultural vision, Zizek brings new light to the Paris riots of 2005; he questions the permissiveness of violence in philanthropy; in daring terms, he reflects on the powerful image and determination of contemporary terrorists.
Violence, Zizek states, takes three forms--subjective (crime, terror), objective (racism, hate-speech, discrimination), and systemic (the catastrophic effects of economic and political systems)--and often one form of violence blunts our ability to see the others, raising complicated questions.
Does the advent of capitalism and, indeed, civilization cause more violence than it prevents? Is there violence in the simple idea of the neighbour? And could the appropriate form of action against violence today simply be to contemplate, to think?
Beginning with these and other equally contemplative questions, Zizek discusses the inherent violence of globalization, capitalism, fundamentalism, and language, in a work that will confirm his standing as one of our most erudite and incendiary modern thinkers.
Picador USA
4.7 X 0.67 X 6.8 inches | 0.46 pounds
Violence in Society
Slavoj Zizek is a senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, and has been a visiting professor at Columbia University, Princeton, and The New School. He is the author of more than thirty books and is the subject of the documentary, Zizek. His own critically acclaimed documentary, The Pervert's Guide to Cinema, was the subject of a film retrospective in 2007 at the Museum of Modern Art.
"In this provocative and brilliantly argued work, philosopher Zizek takes readers on an intellectual and artistic tour--drawing upon Picasso's Guernica, Alfred Hitchcock and M. Night Shyamalan's films, Michel Houellebecq's novels, jokes, Lacanian psychology and a Kantian analysis of Hurricane Katrina--to demonstrate how societies understand, obscure and deny the sources of violence. His is not an examination of offenses but an argument that violence can perhaps be best defined by the bystanders and not by its perpetrators or victims." - Publishers Weekly
Nonfiction Books on Why We Need to Defund the Police VIEW LIST (9 BOOKS)
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OpinionCase details
Moody v. Southern Pacific Company
Zaragosa v. Craven
" The "legal right" here, to recover community property, depends in both cases on negligence of the defendant…
Franklin v. Franklin
1913, p. 217), the wife was a proper party plaintiff with her husband in a suit for her own personal injuries…
20 Citing Cases
Full title:HARRY H. MOODY et al., Appellants, v. SOUTHERN PACIFIC COMPANY (a…
Court:Supreme Court of California,In Bank
Date published: Jun 3, 1914
167 Cal. 786 (Cal. 1914)
141 P. 388
Supreme Court of California,In Bank
L.A. No. 3255.
June 3, 1914.
APPEAL from a judgment of dismissal of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County. J.P. Wood, Judge.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the court.
Crouch Crouch, for Appellants.
J.W. McKinley, W.R. Millar, and A.W. Ashburn, Jr., for Respondents.
SHAW, J.
This cause was transferred to the district court of appeal and therein, upon an opinion by Mr. Justice James, the judgment was reversed. Thereupon this court vacated that decision and transferred the cause to the supreme court. Upon further consideration we are satisfied with the reasoning and conclusion of the learned justice of the district court and adopt his opinion as the opinion of this court. It is as follows:
"This action was brought to recover damages for personal injuries alleged to have been suffered by the plaintiff Claire Moody through the negligence of defendant corporation in the management of a train upon which the said plaintiff was a passenger. The negligent acts were alleged to have been committed on the 22d day of May, 1907, and the complaint in the action was filed on January 2, 1912. Defendant interposed a demurrer to plaintiffs' complaint, setting up, first, the general ground that sufficient facts were not stated to constitute a cause of action, and the further ground that the alleged cause of action was barred by the provisions of sections 337, 338, 339, and 340 of the Code of Civil Procedure. This demurrer was sustained by the court, and no amended complaint being filed within the time allowed, judgment of dismissal was entered, from which judgment this appeal is taken.
"Harry H. Moody, the coplaintiff of Claire Moody, was the husband of the latter, and the preliminary portion of the complaint contained the following allegation: `That during all the times herein mentioned plaintiffs, Harry H. Moody and Claire Moody, were, and still are, husband and wife; and during all times mentioned, and ever since said times, plaintiffs have lived together.' the complaint sufficiently stated a cause of action, as is admitted by counsel for respondents, the respondents' sole contention being that the judgment of the court was correct because the statute of limitations had interposed to bar a right of recovery. Appellants answer this contention with the argument that the husband was a necessary party to this action and that such being the case, plaintiff Claire Moody, as a married woman, was entitled to the benefit of the provisions of subdivision 4 of section 352 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The section referred to, in that part which is material to a consideration of this question, reads as follows: "If a person entitled to bring an action, mentioned in chapter three of this title, be, at the time the cause of action accrued, . . .: 4. A married woman, and her husband be a necessary party with her in commencing such action: — the time of such disability is not a part of the time limited for the commencement of the action.'
"Under the common law, where upon marriage the legal rights of a woman were suspended, the statute of limitations for her protection was also suspended and not allowed to run against any cause of action which might have been enforced by her except for the disability of marriage. In more modern times the wife having been freed from many of the common-law disabilities arising from her marriage, the legislatures have to a corresponding extent provided that the statute of limitations may be made to run against her. (Wood on Limitations, sec. 240.) In this state, in so far as a married woman is entitled to bring an action without joining her husband, all limitations as to the time of commencement of such action may be urged against her suit. Where, however, the husband is a necessary party with her she is deemed to be under disability as to the commencement of the action and the limitation of time cannot be urged. It has been settled by our supreme court that in an action brought for damages by reason of personal injuries caused to the wife, the husband is a necessary party, as is also the wife. (McKune v. Santa Clara V.M. L. Co., 110 Cal. 480, [42 P. 980], and cases therein cited.) In the decision in that case it is pointed out that, while the husband may have a separate action which he is entitled to maintain in his own name for damages which are caused to him by reason of his wife's injuries, such as the loss of her service and medical and other expenses incurred, for those damages which are purely personal to the wife, such as her pain and suffering, etc., the wife is a necessary party. These two causes of action, it is also held, cannot be joined, and must be made the subject of separate suits. Counsel for respondents cite the cases of Martin v. Southern Pacific Co., 130 Cal. 285, [ 62 P. 515], and Basler v. Sacramento Gas Electric Co., 158 Cal. 514, [Ann. Cas. 1912A, 642, 111 P. 530], and contend that the conclusions expressed in these decisions on the point here urged, are at variance with the holding in the McKune case. A close examination of the decisions cited will show that they contain no statement of the law contrary to the expressions occurring in the McKune case.
"The order sustaining the demurrer to plaintiffs' complaint, under the statute and authorities cited, seems to have been improperly made."
The rehearing was granted chiefly for the purpose of again considering the previous decisions of this court upon the subject.
In this state all property acquired by a husband or wife during marriage, and while they are living together, is community property, except that which is acquired by gift, devise, or descent. At common law, property acquired by either spouse during marriage, otherwise than by gift, devise, or descent to the wife, was the separate property of the husband. A right of action for damages caused by personal injuries to the wife during marriage is property. By the common-law rule it was the separate property of the husband. According to the rule in this state it is community property. The husband has the like absolute power to dispose of the community property, other than household goods and clothing, that he has of his own separate property, except that he cannot make a gift thereof without the consent of the wife. (Civ Code, sec. 172) In general, the husband is the only party entitled to sue in respect to community property and the wife is neither a necessary nor a proper party to such suit. So far as we are advised, the sole exception to this rule is the case of an action for damages for injury and suffering of the wife caused by a personal injury to her. In such cases it has become the settled rule in this state that the wife is a necessary party. We speak here only of causes of action for the pain and suffering endured by the wife. A different cause of action arises for the recovery of consequential damages to the husband for the loss of her services or for expenses for her treatment for the injury, and for that cause the husband is the sole party plaintiff. (McKune v. Santa Clara etc. Co., 110 Cal. 480, 487, [42 P. 980]; Schouler on Husband and Wife, sec. 142.)
Although at common law the cause of action for the wife's suffering was the separate property of the husband, it was settled that the wife was a necessary party to the suit, the reasoning being that, as the authorities express it, she was the "meritorious cause of action," and that in case of his death pending the suit the cause of action would survive to her. (10 Ency. of Plead. Prac., 205; Schouler on Husband and Wife, sec. 142.) It did not descend to her, as does the community property in this state; it remained to her as the survivor and she could continue the prosecution of the action in her own name after his death. (Id.) The early decisions in this state declared that the wife was a necessary party to the action. (Sheldon v. Steamship "Uncle Sam," 18 Cal. 526, [79 Am. Dec. 193]; Matthew v. Central Pacific R.R., 63 Cal. 450; Tell v. Gibson, 66 Cal. 247, [5 P. 223].) These decisions were based on the decisions at common law, but did not mention the fact that the right of action in this state was community property. In McFadden v. Santa Ana etc. Co., 87 Cal. 464, [11 L.R.A. 252, 25 P. 681], the question arose whether in such an action the contributory negligence of the husband would bar a recovery in such an action. It was for the first time held that the right of action was community property, enuring directly to the benefit of the husband, and that, as he could not be allowed to benefit from his own wrong, his contributory negligence would defeat the action. Ever since this decision the courts have held it to be community property, but, following the common-law rule, they have also uniformly declared that the wife is a necessary party to an action for its recovery. (Neale v. Depot Ry. Co., 94 Cal. 429, [29 P. 959]; McKune v. Santa Clara etc. Co., 110 Cal. 480, [42 P. 980]; Paine v. San Bernardino etc. Co., 143 Cal. 658, [ 77 P. 659]; Gomez v. Scanlan, 155 Cal. 530, [ 102 P. 12]; Gomez v. Scanlan, 2 Cal.App. 579, [ 84 P. 50]; Justis v. Atchison etc. Co., 12 Cal.App. 642, [ 108 P. 328].) In Lamb v. Harbaugh, 105 Cal. 691, [39 P. 56], and Williams v. Casebeer, 126 Cal. 82, [82 P. 376], the court decided that the wife could not sue alone for such injuries.
We are now asked to overrule these decisions. The argument is that the right of action is community property, of which the husband has sole control and power of disposition, that even the title thereto is vested in him so that upon his death the title goes to the wife by descent and not by survivorship (Civ. Code, sec. 1402), that there is no ground for any distinction between this right and other community property and that, consequently, an action upon it should be governed by the code rule that "every action must be prosecuted in the name of the real party in interest" (Code Civ. Proc., sec. 367); whereupon it would follow that the husband is the only proper party plaintiff in such an action. The reasoning is forceful, but the rule has been followed so long and so often that it should be considered settled. The proposition that, although the right of action is community property, yet the wife is a necessary party in this particular class of cases, is no more illogical than the rule at common law that the wife must join though the right was the separate property of the husband. The reasons for the decisions under the common law are applicable to the case where the right is community property, as fully and completely as to the case where it is the husband's separate property. The remedy for any hardships or anomalies resulting from this long settled rule rests with the legislature. It may be remarked that it has acted in the matter by the amendment of 1913 [Stats. 1913, p. 217] to section 370 of the Code of Civil Procedure, whereby the wife may sue alone in such actions. This amendment was enacted after this action was begun and it does not affect this case.
The judgment is reversed.
Sloss, J., Angellotti, J., Lorigan, J., Henshaw, J., and Melvin J., concurred.
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Authorised form of name Pettigrew; James Bell (1834 - 1908)
Surname Pettigrew
Forenames James Bell
Roxhill, Lanarkshire, Scotland (26 May 1834)
His residence, the Swallowgate, St Andrews, Fife (30 January 1908)
Edinburgh. MD (1861)
Assistant, Hunterian Museum, Royal College of Surgeons of England (1862-1867); Curator, Museum of Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh (1869); Pathologist, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh; Chandos Professor of Medicine and Anatomy, University of St Andrews (1875)
Croonian 1860
Relationships Son of Robert Pettigrew; related to Thomas Joseph Pettigrew (FRS 1827)
Bulloch's Roll; DNB
Henry Holland has signed the election certificate twice
AP/54/9 On the distribution of the Fibres in the Muscular Tunices of the Stomach 1867
IM/Maull/003542 Pettigrew, James Bell 1894
NLB/18/436 Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison, to Professor J Bell Pettigrew, Fellow of the Royal Society, The University, St Andrews, N.B. 9 March 1899
NLB/21/415 Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison, to Professor James Bell Pettigrew, Fellow of the Royal Society 15 November 1900
NLB/21/553 Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison, to Professor James Bell Pettigew, Fellow of the Royal Society 8 December 1900
NLB/37/148 Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison to Harrison & Sons 31 January 1908
NLB/37/283 Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison to Sir James Crichton Browne FRS 25 February 1908
NLB/37/414 Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison to Sir James Crichton Browne, Fellow of the Royal Society 16 March 1908
NLB/37/521 Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison to Professor [William Carmichael] McIntosh, Fellow of the Royal Society 2 April 1908
RR/5/182 Referee's report by William Scovell Savory, on a paper 'On the arrangement of the muscular fibres in the ventricles of the vertebrate heart, with physiological remarks' by James Bell Pettigrew 27 June 1863
RR/5/183 Second referee's report by Allen Thomson, on a paper 'On the arrangement of the muscular fibres in the ventricles of the vertebrate heart, with physiological remarks' by James Bell Pettigrew 10 May 1864
RR/6/227 Referee's report by William Scovell Savory, on a paper 'On the distribution of the fibres in the muscular tunics of the stomach in man and other mammalia' by James Bell Pettigrew 30 August 1867
RR/6/228 Letter from James Bell Pettigrew, to George Gabriel Stokes, regarding a paper 'On the distribution of the fibres in the muscular tunics of the stomach in man and other mammalia' by James Bell Pettigrew 19 June 1868
RR/6/223 Letter from John Marshall, to George Gabriel Stokes, regarding a paper 'On the muscular arrangements of the bladder and prostate, and the manner in which the ureters and urethra are closed' by James Bell Pettigrew 7 September 1866
RR/6/226 Referee's report by John Marshall, on a paper 'On the muscular arrangements of the bladder and prostate, and the manner in which the ureters and urethra are closed' by James Bell Pettigrew 20 August 1866
RR/7/195 Letter from Allen Thomson, on a paper 'On the distribution of the fibres in the muscular tunics of the stomach in man and other mammalia' by James Bell Pettigrew 19 June 1872
RR/6/221 Letter from William Sharpey, to George Gabriel Stokes, regarding a paper 'On the muscular arrangements of the bladder and prostate, and the manner in which the ureters and urethra are closed' by James Bell Pettigrew 21 August 1866
RR/7/197 Referee's report by William Scovell Savory, on a paper 'On the distribution of the fibres in the muscular tunics of the stomach in man and other mammalia' by James Bell Pettigrew 25 June 1872
RR/7/196 Referee's report by Allen Thomson, on a paper 'On the distribution of the fibres in the muscular tunics of the stomach in man and other mammalia' by James Bell Pettigrew [19 June] 1872
RR/5/180 Referee's report by James Paget, on a paper 'On the arrangement of the muscular fibres in the ventricles of the vertebrate heart, with physiological remarks' by James Bell Pettigrew 26 June 1860
RR/5/181 Referee's report by Allen Thomson, on a paper 'On the arrangement of the muscular fibres in the ventricles of the vertebrate heart, with physiological remarks' by James Bell Pettigrew 1860
EC/1868/17 Pettigrew, James Bell: certificate of election to the Royal Society
IM/003545 Pettigrew, James Bell nd
NLB/37/301 Copy letter from Archibald Geikie to Professor [William Carmicheal] McIntosh 27 February 1908
RR/6/225 Referee's report by Allen Thomson, on a paper 'On the distribution of the fibres in the muscular tunics of the stomach in man and other mammalia' by James Bell Pettigrew 7 August 1867
RR/6/220 Referee's report by Richard Quain, on a paper 'On the muscular arrangements of the bladder and prostate, and the manner in which the ureters and urethra are closed' by James Bell Pettigrew 31 July 1866
RR/6/224 Letter from James Bell Pettigrew, to George Gabriel Stokes, regarding a paper 'On the muscular arrangements of the bladder and prostate, and the manner in which the ureters and urethra are closed' by James Bell Pettigrew 19 September 1866
RR/6/222 Letter from George Gabriel Stokes, to Edward Sabine, regarding a paper 'On the muscular arrangements of the bladder and prostate, and the manner in which the ureters and urethra are closed' by James Bell Pettigrew 22 August 1866
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News Pubs
Award-Winning Hertfordshire Pub Reopens After £200,000 Refurbishment
November 5, 2021 News, Pubs
The Crooked Billet, a CAMRA Silver Award-winning community pub has received an investment of over £200,000 by leading community pub group, Admiral Taverns. The pub, located on the outskirts of Ware in Hertfordshire, is run by licensee, Beverley Gefaell and will reopen on Friday 5th November following a transformational refurbishment.
The newly renovated pub will see a full interior and exterior redecoration of the pub. Alongside the two indoor fireplaces, the pub will feature brand-new lighting, flooring and soft-furnishings to refresh and modernise the area. The outside of the pub will also receive a full redecoration to include new lighting and signage.
Beverley has lived in the surrounding area for over 20 years and has built strong relationships with the residents of Ware, having worked at the Crooked Billet for three years prior to taking over the pub in 2019. She recently led the pub to winning a Silver Award in CAMRA’s (Campaign for Real Ale) South Hertfordshire branch of its Pub of the Year Competition. Beverley’s experience and success in the hospitality industry, combined with her passion and knowledge of the local community, makes her the perfect licensee for The Crooked Billet.
Licensee, Beverley Gefaell, commented: “Pubs are about more than just beer, they’re the backbone of a community. A local business should look to give back to those in the local area and I want to try and bring the people of Ware together. I want everyone to feel welcome in The Crooked Billet, and for it to be a place where people can relax, unwind and enjoy themselves!”
Beverley’s vision for The Crooked Billet is to create a social hub that is accessible to all, so she has put forward two fantastic initiatives. Every Monday from 2pm-4pm Beverley hosts the ‘Nitter Natter’ group for all the local ladies to come down and have a gossip, and on Wednesday from 10:30-12pm she hosts the ‘Local Social’. This is a time for the older generations of Ware to come down and enjoy a chat, a brew and a piece of cake.
Mick Sheridan, Admiral Taverns Business Development Manager, said: “Beverley’s genuine passion for the pub industry is contagious! The locals adore her, and it’s quite clear that she really cares for them and what they want. Not only does she do a fantastic offering in The Crooked Billet, but she has fostered such a brilliant atmosphere too. I’m so pleased to have her on-board and I look forward to seeing her continue to take the pub forward.”
Throughout the pandemic, Admiral has taken a highly proactive and supportive approach towards its licensees, offering significant rent aid as well as specific reopening support, beer credits, online
← Most Furloughed Staff Returning to Work
The Showering Family Announce the Acquisition of Ancestral Home, Kilver Court →
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Home/Magazine Archive/December 2000 (Vol. 43, No. 12)/Reputation Systems/Full Text
Reputation Systems
By Paul Resnick, Ko Kuwabara, Richard Zeckhauser, Eric Friedman
Communications of the ACM, December 2000, Vol. 43 No. 12, Pages 45-48
The Internet offers vast new opportunities to interact with total strangers. These interactions can be fun, informative, even profitable. But they also involve risk. Is the advice of a self-proclaimed expert at expertcentral.com reliable? Will an unknown dot-com site or eBay seller ship items promptly with appropriate packaging? Will the product be the same one described online?
Prior to the Internet, such questions were answered, in part, through personal and corporate reputations. Vendors provided references, Better Business Bureaus tallied complaints, and past personal experience and person-to-person gossip told you on whom you could rely and on whom you could not. Participants' standing in their communities, including their roles in church and civic organizations, served as a valuable hostage.
Internet services operate on a vastly larger scale than Main Street and permit virtually anonymous interactions. Nevertheless, reputations still play a major role. Systems are emerging that respect anonymity and operate on the Internet's scale. A reputation system collects, distributes, and aggregates feedback about participants' past behavior. Though few producers or consumers of the ratings know one another, these systems help people decide whom to trust, encourage trustworthy behavior, and deter participation by those who are unskilled or dishonest.
For example, consider eBay, the largest person-to-person online auction site, with more than four million auctions active at a time: it provides limited insurance, and buyers and sellers both accept significant risks. There are problematic transactions to be sure. Nevertheless, the overall rate of successful transactions remains astonishingly high for a market as "ripe with the possibility of large-scale fraud and deceit" as eBay [5].
The high rate of successful transactions is attributerd by eBay to its reputation system, called the Feedback Forum. After a transaction is complete, the buyer and seller have the opportunity to rate each other (1, 0, or 1) and leave comments (such as "good transaction," "nice person to do business with," "would highly recommend"). Participants have running totals of feedback points attached (visibly) to their screen names, which might be pseudonyms. Yahoo! Auction, Amazon, and other auction sites feature reputation systems like eBay's, with variations, including a rating scale of 15, several measures (such as friendliness, prompt response, quality product), and averaging instead of total feedback score.
Auction sites enable trash to be shuttled across the country and in the process transmuted into treasures.
Reputation systems have also spread beyond auction sites. For example, Bizrate.com rates registered retailers by asking consumers to complete a survey form after each purchase. So-called "expert sites" (www.expertcentral.com and www.askme.com) provide Q&A forums in which self-proclaimed experts provide answers for questions posted by other users in exchange for reputation points and comments. Product review sites (such as www.epinions.com) offer rating services for product reviewers (the better the review, the more points the reviewer receives). iExchange.com tallies and displays reputations for stock market analysts based on the performance of their picks.
Why are these explicit reputation systems so important for fostering trust among strangers? To answer, it helps to first examine how trust builds naturally in long-term relationships. First, when people interact with one another over time, the history of past interactions informs them about their abilities and dispositions. Second, the expectation of reciprocity or retaliation in future interactions creates an incentive for good behavior. (Political scientist Robert Axelrod calls this the "shadow of the future" [2].) An expectation that people will consider one another's pasts in future interactions constrains behavior in the present.
Among strangers, trust is understandably much more difficult to build. Strangers lack known past histories or the prospect of future interaction, and they are not subject to a network of informed individuals who would punish bad and reward good behavior. In some sense, a stranger's good name is not at stake. Given these factors, the temptation to "hit and run" outweighs the incentive to cooperate, since the future casts no shadow.
Reputation systems seek to establish the shadow of the future to each transaction by creating an expectation that other people will look back on it. The connections among such people may be significantly weaker than in transactions on a town's Main Street, but their numbers are vast in comparison. At eBay, for example, a stream of buyers interacts with the same seller. They may never buy an item from the seller again, but by sharing their opinions about the seller via the Feedback Forum, they construct a meaningful history of the seller. Future buyers, lacking personal histories with particular sellers, may still base their buying decisions on a sufficiently extensive public history. If buyers do behave this way, the sellers' reputations will affect their future sales. Hence, they seek to accumulate as many positive points and comments as possible and avoid negative feedback. Through the mediation of a reputation systemassuming buyers provide and rely on feedbackisolated interactions take on attributes of long-term relationships. In terms of building trust, a boost in the quantity of information compensates for a significant reduction in its quality.
For people trying to sell off, say, their old LP-record collections, reputation systems might seem like a nuisance. But consider such an effort in a market with no such system, and hence no obvious distinction between sellers in terms of, say, quality of goods and shipping service. Buyers would be reluctant to pay full prices given their uncertainty about the sellers' quality (such as whether they reveal scratches in the records at the time of sale). However, high-quality sellers would be reluctant to accept discounted prices. Over time, high-quality sellers would desert the market. Eventually, only the lowest-quality sellers would remain, a dynamic economist George Akerlof memorialized as the "market for lemons" [1].
Reputation systems can reverse this flow and "unsqueeze" a bitter lemon. With clear reputation markers, low-quality sellers get lower prices, leaving a healthier market with a variety of prices and quality of service. For example, sellers with stellar reputations may enjoy a premium on their services; some users may be willing to pay for the security and comfort of high-quality services. Such premiums are observed in auctions in auctions of coins and computer chips on eBay [3, 6, 7]. The benefits of informative reputation systems return to buyers and to sellers, enabling the old LPs to spin out the door.
Ratings are not the only way to convey reputations. When agreeing to be rated is optional (such as when registering as a retailer at bizrate.com), doing so is likely an indication of higher-quality services, even before ratings are available. Other ways to indicate quality are to use one's real name, rather than a pseudonym, and to indicate on a Web site that one also has a physical store with its attendant overhead costs.
To operate effectively, reputation systems require at least three properties:
Long-lived entities that inspire an expectation of future interaction;
Capture and distribution of feedback about current interactions (such information must be visible in the future); and
Use of feedback to guide trust decisions.
In the offline world, capturing and distributing feedback is costly. Businesses often collect feedback from consumers but tend not to publicize the complaints. A few independent services, such as Zagat's for restaurants and Consumer Reports magazine for appliance repair histories, systematically capture and disseminate feedback. For the most part, however, reputations travel haphazardly through word of mouth, rumor, or the mass media.
The Internet can vastly accelerate and add structure to the process of capturing and distributing information. To post feedback, users need only fill out an online form; a mere mouse click is often enough. Where interactions are mediated electronically, objective information about performance may be captured automatically (such as delay from question to response at an expertise site). The same technology facilitating market-style interaction among strangers also facilitates the sharing of reputations that maintain trust.
Despite this promise, significant challenges remain in the operating phases of such systems: eliciting, distributing, and aggregating feedback.
Eliciting feedback encounters three related problems. The first is that people may not bother to provide feedback at all. For example, when a trade is completed at eBay, there is little incentive to spend another few minutes filling out a form. That many people do so is a testament to their community spirit, or perhaps their gratitude or desire to exact revenge. People could be paid for providing feedback, but more refined schemes, such as paying on the basis of concurrence with future evaluations by others, would be required to assure that their evaluations are thorough.
Second, it is especially difficult to elicit negative feedback. For example, at eBay, it is common practice to negotiate first before resorting to negative feedback. Therefore, only really bad performance is reported. Even then, fear of retaliatory negative feedback or simply a desire to avoid further unpleasant interactions may keep a dissatisfied buyer quiet. In the end, because information about patterns of moderate discontent may remain invisible, buyers cannot shun the sellers who foster such discontent.
Third is the difficulty of ensuring honest reports. One party could blackmail another, threatening to post negative feedback unrelated to actual performance. At the other extreme, in order to accumulate positive feedback, a group of sellers might collaborate and rate one another positively, artificially inflating their individual reputations.
Distributing feedback, the second phase, poses its own challenges. One is name changes. At many sites, people choose pseudonyms when registering. If they register again, they might choose another pseudonym, effectively erasing prior feedback. Reputations can still have effects, since newcomers want to accrue positive feedback, and those with established reputations want to avoid negative feedback. Game-theory analysis demonstrates that there are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of reputation systems when participants are allowed to start over with new names [4]. In particular, newcomers (those with no feedback) should always be distrusted until they have somehow paid their dues, either through an entry fee or by accepting more risk or worse prices while developing their reputations. Another alternative is to prevent name changeseither by using real names or preventing people from acquiring multiple pseudonyms, a technique called "once-in-a-lifetime pseudonyms" [4].
A second difficulty in distributing feedback stems from the lack of portability from system to system. Amazon.com initially allowed users to import their ratings from eBay. But when eBay protested vigorously, claiming its user ratings were proprietary, Amazon discontinued its rating-import service. Limited distribution of feedback limits its effectiveness; the future casts a shadow on only a single online arena, not on many. Efforts are under way to construct a more universal framework. For example, virtualfeedback.com provides a rating service for users across different systems, but it has yet to gain wide public acceptance.
Finally, there is also potential difficulty in aggregating and displaying feedback, so it is useful in influencing future decisions about whom to trust. Net feedback (positives minus negatives) is displayed at eBay; other sites, including Amazon.com, display an average. These simple numerical ratings fail to convey important subtleties of online interactions; for example, Did the feedback come from low-value transactions? What were the reputations of the people providing the feedback?
As a solution to the ubiquitous problem of trust in new short-term relationships on the Internet, reputation systems have immediate appeal; the participants themselves create a safe community. Unfortunately, these systems face complex challenges, many of which yield no easy solutions. Efforts are under way to address these problems; for example, the Reputations Research Network (see databases.si.umich.edu/reputations) represents a first step toward recognizing reputation systems as a subject of study and as a vital asset for the safety of online interaction environments.
Internet-based reputation systems, like traditional markets, aggregate vast amounts of information, which then significantly influences choices made by businesses, as well as by individuals. The parallel may end there. The theoretical underpinnings of the effective operation of markets are well understood, and the aggregation to a brief set of statistics, namely a single price for each item, proceeds automatically.
Today's reputation systems, by contrast, shouldn't work in theory. Individuals shouldn't be expected to make the effort to provide evaluations; negative evaluations should be avoided completely; and vendors should be expected to develop sophisticated ways to manipulate and trick the system. Even if all reporting were complete and honest, users would find it virtually impossible to utilize the torrents of information they receive on other participants, given the lack of satisfactory summary statistics.
Despite their theoretical and practical difficulties, it is reassuring that reputation systems appear to perform reasonably well. Systems that rely on the participation of large numbers of individuals accumulate trust simply by operating effectively over time. Already, Internet-based reputation systems perform commercial alchemy. On auction sites, for example, they enable trash to be shuttled across the country and in the process transmuted into treasures.
We conclude with an allusion to democracy, another theoretically flawed and practically challenged system that nonetheless appears to perform miracles. Were Winston Churchill, the World War II-era British prime minister, to comment on reputation systems and building trust as he did on democracy and government, he might say: "Reputation systems are the worst way of building trust on the Internet, except for all those other ways that have been tried from time-to-time."
1. Akerlof, G. The market for 'lemons': Quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. Quart. J. Econom. 84 (1970), 488500.
2. Axelrod, R. The Evolution of Cooperation. Basic Books, New York, 1984.
3. Bajari, P. and Hortacsu, A. Winner's curse, reserve prices, and endogenous entry: Empirical insights from eBay auctions; see www.stanford.edu/ ~bajari/wp/auction/ebay.pdf.
4. Friedman, E. and Resnick, P. The social cost of cheap pseudonyms; see www.si.umich.edu/~presnick/papers/identifiers/index.html.
5. Kollock, P. The production of trust in online markets. In Advances in Group Processes, vol. 16, E. Lawler, M. Macy, S. Thyne, and H. Walker, Eds. JAI Press, Greenwich, CT, 1999; see also www.sscnet.ucla.edu/soc/f aculty/kollock/papers/online_trust.htm.
6. Lucking-Reiley, D., Bryan, D., Prasad, N., and Reeves, D. Pennies from eBay: The determinants of price in online auctions; see www.vanderbilt.edu/econ/reiley/papers/PenniesFromEBay.pdf.
7. Houser, D. and Wooders, J. Reputation in auctions: Theory and evidence from eBay; see bpa.arizona.edu/~jwooders/ebay.pdf.
Paul Resnick (presnick@umich.edu) is an associate professor at the University of Michigan School of Information in Ann Arbor.
Richard Zeckhauser (richard_zeckhauser@harvard.edu) is the Frank P. Ramsey Professor of Political Economy at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government.
Eric Friedman (friedman@economics.rutgers.edu) is an assistant professor in the Department of Economics at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ.
Ko Kuwabara (kokopuff@umich.edu) is a Ph.D. student at the University of Michigan School of Information in Ann Arbor.
This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant IIS-9977999.
©2000 ACM 0002-0782/00/1200 $5.00
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The Digital Library is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2000 ACM, Inc.
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