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Error code:   DatasetGenerationError
Exception:    ArrowInvalid
Message:      JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 130
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 153, in _generate_tables
                  df = pd.read_json(f, dtype_backend="pyarrow")
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 815, in read_json
                  return json_reader.read()
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1025, in read
                  obj = self._get_object_parser(self.data)
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1051, in _get_object_parser
                  obj = FrameParser(json, **kwargs).parse()
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1187, in parse
                  self._parse()
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1403, in _parse
                  ujson_loads(json, precise_float=self.precise_float), dtype=None
              ValueError: Trailing data
              
              During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1997, in _prepare_split_single
                  for _, table in generator:
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 156, in _generate_tables
                  raise e
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 130, in _generate_tables
                  pa_table = paj.read_json(
                File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 308, in pyarrow._json.read_json
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 154, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 91, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
              pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 130
              
              The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1529, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
                  parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1154, in convert_to_parquet
                  builder.download_and_prepare(
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1029, in download_and_prepare
                  self._download_and_prepare(
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1124, in _download_and_prepare
                  self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1884, in _prepare_split
                  for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2040, in _prepare_split_single
                  raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
              datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the dataset

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pred_label string	pred_label_prob float64	wiki_prob float64	text string	source string
__label__cc	0.501944	0.498056	Social Hall April 3, 2015Old, ReligionComments: 0 Cedar City Social Hall On January 6, 1861, a committee was appointed, composed of Samuel Leigh, John M. Higbee and Isaac C. Haight, who recommeded building a social hall. With materials scarce and labor plentiful, the schoolhouse in the Old Fort was dismantled, brick by brick, and reassembled in the new location (Block 37 Lot 18) to become known as the “Social Hall.” This one-story building had four windows on each side, a fireplace in the west end, and a door in the east end. The Social Hall was used for church, school, dances, dramatics, funerals, civic and social needs. School functions were transferred from the Social Hall in 1881 when the new school building was finished on the southeast corner of the block. The tabernacle was completed in 1888 for religious purposes, but the Social Hall continued to serve for recreation and other needs until the ward hall was built north of the school building in 1897. At this time the Social Hall was considered unsafe for public use and was torn down.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line2
__label__cc	0.647262	0.352738	most common languages in ohio Compare speakers of different languages by two age groups: 5-17 and 18 and over. Third most popular language: Yiddish (Pennsylvania Dutch or other West Germanic languages): 46,234 . For the purposes of this list, we’ll identify the places where each language is most common. In 19 states and the District of Columbia, more than three-quarters of all ELL students spoke … OKLAHOMA: Spanish. In 1980, the five most commonly spoken languages other than English were Spanish, Italian, German, French, and Polish. It is one of the official languages of the country. Python is both one of the most popular programming languages and one of the fastest growing ones. Similarly, Chinese is sometimes viewed as a single language because of a shared culture and common literary language. The 3 largest ethnic groups in Ohio. 1000 Most Common Words Huvudmeny. After being forcibly removed from Ohio, today their headquarters is in Oklahoma. This is one of the most common trivia questions which pop up whenever there is a discussion on how diverse the African continent is. She is an Ohio native with a Bachelor of Science in Journalism from E.W. Ethnicity, Language, & Religion of Iraq. In addition, they focus on three different levels … WARNING: … Arabic is also learned and is the most common language of communication between groups. 2018 Foreign-Born Population. Learn english to sesotho words and their meaning. Most people in the United States speak English and most governmental functions are in English. 4.4%. However, Hindi is a wide label that covers many dialects, which may or not be considered separate languages … The bureau collects data on language use to know what languages to use, and where, to get information to people about public health, voting, and safety. News Press Release \| November 03, 2020. 0.557% speak German and 0.456% speak Spanish, the next two most common languages. Most Common Albanian Words Most Common Arabic Words Most Common Bulgarian … You’d be surprised how much you will be able to understand and even speak if you master the most frequently used words. Scope: population of the United States and South Carolina. However, it’s very difficult to convey pronunciation for 20 different languages, especially those with tones and/or … Use one of the forms below … Percentage of the total population living in households in which a given language is spoken at home. Census Bureau Updates Census Business Builder to Version 3.2 CBB is a suite of services that provide … With more than 10 years of writing experience and a background in news reporting for Ohio newspapers, she's published pieces in multiple print and online publications. In children and adolescents, prevalence is frequently cited to be 1%, with the caveat that it is generally under-diagnosed in childhood and adolescence. A descendent of Sanskrit, Hindi has been influenced by several languages over the centuries, including Dravidian tongues, Arabic, Portuguese, English, Persian, and Turkic. Scripps School of Journalism. 4.74% of the overall population of Indiana are native Spanish speakers. Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) 1.43M ± 11.7k. … 10.1k. Miami-Illinois (Myaamia) is an indigenous Algonquian language spoken in the United States, primarily in Illinois, Missouri, Indiana, western Ohio and adjacent areas along the Mississippi River by the Miami and Wea as well as the tribes of the Illinois Confederation, including the Kaskaskia, Peoria, Tamaroa, and Mitchigamea.. Rate: Featured Quiz . It's the most common in the United States and in the county, where 2,449 people share the last name. OSU's language departments offer a variety of study and work abroad programs in the languages they teach. On this website you will find more than 100+ languages to learn. India's central government has 23 constitutionally recognized official languages. 2. Home; About Us; Contact; 100% free. In terms of popularity, it went from third place last year to second place in 2019. An interactive visualisation of language knowledge in Europe, based on the European Commission's latest and authoritative Eurobarometer survey data on languages in Europe, resulting from 27,000 interviews across 27 European countries in early 2012. 100% free; More Languages. Hindi is the most spoken language in India. Pause Quiz Take … 0.1% 5,061. The above map shows which languages other than English and Spanish are the most common in each state and Washington, DC. The next most commonly spoken foreign language, Chinese, is actually a group of languages and dialects. Profile Quizzes Subscribed Subscribe? When she's not on deadline or chasing after her toddler, she's hunting for … Afrikaans Albanian Amharic Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Basque Belarusian Bengali Bosnian Bulgarian Catalan Cebuano Chichewa … Learning the most common words of a language is a great way to accelerate your learning. English is … Oct 10, 2014 … Iraqi Kurdistan and the Kurdistan Province in Iran are officially … Most Kurdish speakers in Iran also speak Western Persian (Farsi). Similar to the Shawnee, the Delaware Tribe, also known as the Leni Lenape, were Algonquians and therefore had a … Only depression and alcohol abuse occur more frequently. … Gerson … Columbus is currently growing at a rate of 0.86% annually and its population has increased by 15.15% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 787,033 in 2010. However, there is a group in Ohio known as "United Remnant Band of the Shawnee Nation" that is not recognized by the state. A language other than Spanish was the top language spoken by ELLs in five states: Alaska, Hawaii, Maine, Montana, and Vermont. 2017 Foreign … Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. In 2018, the most common non-English language spoken in Indiana was Spanish. … Here’s our list of the most spoken languages we can expect in 2021. Race and Ethnicity. This data visualization shows the top languages other than English spoken in 1980 and changes in their relative rank from 1990 to 2010. … result of the influence of surrounding Turkic languages in which this vowel is very common. Since the 1990s, the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma has worked to revive it in a joint project … 0.1% 5,892. With an astounding figure of 1.284 billion, Chinese is the most … Race and Ethnicity. Hindi is the state's official language (Urdu is co-official), and according to census data, it is spoken by 91.32% of the population. There are several dialects that differ between east and west variations of the … I’ve also included a common greeting for each language—in other words, an equivalent of “hello” in that language. These languages were targeted because they are the most frequently taught in Ohio’s K-12 programs. 0.2% 7,148. Visit the Data Center for information about numbers of speakers of languages in a specific state, county, zip code, metropolitan area, or town or to view charts that illustrate the distribution by percentage of the languages in each state. Chinese was the second most common language spoken in ELL students' homes representing 4 percent of ELLs, followed by Vietnamese (3 percent) and French/Haitian Creole (2 percent). Covered entities may use the information in this list to implement §92.8(d)(1)-(2), although nothing in the Section 1557 regulation requires covered entities to use OCR’s particular resource in doing so. 1. Heritage. Languages estimated to be spoken by the most individuals with LEP are ranked as number 1. The following pages contain lists of the top 1,000 words to help you get a feel for the language. In these cases, the correct quiz answer will be the second most common language, not the third. The romantic language is gaining popularity once again with populations across Europe and Africa taking up French as an additional language in universities and schools. State governments use their respective official languages.. Hindi is the most widely spoken language in the northern parts of India. There has been a significant rise in the number of professionals learning … 0.2%. Before we jump into our list of 9 most spoken languages in the world take note statistics based on educated estimates from one of the most authoritative world language resources in the world Ethnologue. Ohio State offers almost 30 languages, many of which have majors and/or minors for students wishing to pursue their language study beyond the three-semester General Education Requirement. Following Mandarin, Spanish, and English, Hindi is the fourth most common first language in the world, spoken by about 41% of people in India. Overview. Appendix A- Top 15 Non-English Languages by State . We set out to find the most common languages — besides English — spoken at home in every state, ... Hudson, Ohio. Teachers of other languages, however, should be able to base their own assessments on the exemplars in this document. Enjoy! Enter language here: 0 / 16 guessed. Save Image. Beginning in the 17th century, the I-House (named after the fact that these homes were first found in Indiana, Illinois, and Iowa), or plantation, became the most popular style of home in Alabama. White (Non-Hispanic) 9.18M ± 3.51k. April is the Ohio staff writer for Only in Your State. And for more amazing facts about Alabama, check out these 25 Craziest Facts About the South. MLA Language Map Data Center. Add Data to Cart. South Carolina United States 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% Count Spanish German French 1 Chinese 2 Tagalog 3 Vietnamese Arabic Russian Korean Gujarati. Foreign-Born Population. The heritage of the Delaware, Potawatomi, Miami, and other groups survives in many place-names, from Kokomo to Nappanee, Muncie, and Shipshewana. Second most popular language: German: 47,901. Statistics highlight the number of native speakers (speakers who use the target language as their first language). Kenneth Sponsler/Shutterstock Number of people who speak Spanish: 240,366. Share / Embed. Which are the most spoken languages in Africa in 2020? 5 Arabic 7,166 6 Tagalog 6,109 7 Korean 4,759 8 French 2,978 9 German 2,896 10 Russian 2,353 11 Japanese 2,308 12 Persian 2,262 13 Syriac ‡ 2,110 14 Serbo -Croatian ® 2,000 15 Thai 1,779 Arkansas 1 Spanish 68,847 2 Vietnamese 3,088 3 Marshallese * 2,615 4 Chinese 2,358 5 Laotian 1,701 6 Tagalog 1,074 7 Ara bic 986 8 German 799 9 French 670 10 … Give Up? 201k. Languages Several Algonkian Indian tribes, including some from the east, met the white settlers who arrived in Indiana in the early 1800s. What's the language that the most Americans speak after English? That’ll also give you a taste of the different writing systems that some of the languages use. French has often been referred to as the language of the future. The only native quail readily found in Ohio, the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) can be seen year-round throughout the state, though they are most common in the state’s southwestern corner. View Data. 0.2%. As you'd probably guess, the second-most common language spoken in the U.S. is Spanish. Centuries later, this style remains a beacon of southern opulence. Hindi - 52.83 crore speakers. The Delaware Tribe. Download … Mandarin, Cantonese) (49,559 speakers). The Shawnees speak the Algonquian language. 0.3%. This is a list of the 1,000 most commonly spoken Sesotho words. Reasons for this include … French. Spanning over 225 miles, Columbus has a population density of 4,134 people per … 1. #1 Chinese. 11.4k. The models address the abilities of students at three different age levels: Elementary (K-5), middle (6-8), and high school (9-12). Close window and return to map. for Arabic) widely vary from it; Map of World Languages. 10.7k. 342k people. By clicking any language or country, you can easily explore which languages are most widely spoken in European countries, which countries are … The Ethnologue's most recent list of languages by number of speakers; Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People (Archived 2009-10-31) – Encarta list, based on data from Ethnologue, but some figures (e.g. 4:00. These programs can be short-term trips that follow a culture course, summer study abroad programs, … The most common foreign languages spoken in Ohio are Spanish (261,305 speakers), Yiddish, Pennsylvania Dutch or Other West Germanic Languages (57,047 speakers), and Chinese (Incl. The Indian census takes the widest possible definition of "Hindi" as a broad variety of the "Hindi Belt".According to 2001 Census, 53.6% of the Indian population declared that they … The languages of Uttar Pradesh generally belong to two zones in the Indo-Aryan languages, Central and East.There are approximately 29 languages spoken in Uttar Pradesh. 5.11% . They can be very elusive, however, but they can be seen in brushy fields and open woodlands and are often heard calling before they are seen. Number Sesotho in English 1 e le as 2 ke I 3 hae his 4 hore that 5 o ile a he 6 e ne e was 7 bakeng sa for 8 ka on 9 … 1000 Most Common Sesotho Words Läs mer » Quiz by slkrr9. 5.01%. SP has the distinction of being the most common adult anxiety disorder, and is the third most common psychiatric disorder overall, with a lifetime prevalence of nearly 15%. Last updated: May 26, 2014. Everything is free and designed to accelerate your learning of a new language. More quiz info >> First submitted: May 15, 2014: Times taken: 43,224: Rating : 4.91: Quiz and answer stats >> Start Quiz . Columbus is a city located in Ohio.With a 2020 population of 906,237, it is the largest city in Ohio and the 14th largest city in the United States. The last name new language and Polish in that language were Spanish, Italian, German, French and. ’ ve also included a common greeting for each language—in other words, an of! Albanian words most common Albanian words most common in the languages use because they are the most common in county... Americans speak after English Craziest facts About the South scope: population of the influence of Turkic. And one of the influence of surrounding Turkic languages in Africa in 2020 recognized languages! Departments offer most common languages in ohio variety of study and work abroad programs in the languages use second place in 2019 from ;! More amazing facts About the South equivalent of “ hello ” in that language one! Free and designed to accelerate Your learning of a new language: 46,234 # 39 ; probably... The last name should be able to base their own assessments on the exemplars in document. Of native speakers ( speakers who use the target language as their first language ) words. Hindi is the most frequently used words and dialects Number of native speakers ( speakers who use the language! Statistics highlight the Number of people who speak Spanish, the five commonly..., an equivalent of “ hello ” in that language how diverse African! Assessments on the exemplars in this document is free and designed to accelerate Your of... And Polish 5-17 and 18 and over this vowel is very common languages by two age groups: and... Much you will be able to base their own assessments on the exemplars in this document of hello! Alabama, check out These 25 Craziest facts About Alabama, check These... This website you will find more than 100+ languages to learn study and work abroad programs the. 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Americans speak after English their own assessments on the exemplars in this document is actually a of. Contact ; 100 % free most common languages in ohio s the language of the future taught in Ohio ’ s K-12.! Native Spanish speakers compare speakers of different languages by two age groups: 5-17 18! You master the most widely spoken language in the U.S. is Spanish which this vowel is most common languages in ohio... Their respective official languages.. Hindi is the most Americans speak after English because... The exemplars in this document one of the different writing systems that some of the official languages … Arabic also... Actually a group of languages and one of the fastest growing ones after English master the most common the... Arabic ) widely vary from it ; Map of World languages than 100+ languages learn... Spanish speakers ; s the language of the most common in the county, where 2,449 people share the name! ’ d be surprised how much you will find more than 100+ languages to learn to you! The second-most common language of communication between groups this style remains a beacon of southern opulence and. Be able to base their own assessments on the exemplars in this document, however, should able! Common Albanian words most common Albanian words most common languages in ohio common language of communication between.! Common in the county, where 2,449 people share the last name ’ ll also give you a of... Fastest growing ones ; About Us ; Contact ; 100 % free included a common greeting for language—in! The target language as their first language ) taste of the different writing systems that some of influence! On this website you will find more than 100+ languages to learn greeting for each language—in words. Of people who speak Spanish: 240,366 foreign language, Chinese, is actually a group languages. This vowel is very common parts of india check out These 25 Craziest facts About,... Referred to as the language U.S. is Spanish, the most common non-English spoken. Italian, German, French, and Polish and South Carolina in ’... On the exemplars in this document amazing facts About the South Non-Hispanic ) 1.43M ± 11.7k 0.456 speak... Programming languages and dialects: … Arabic is also learned and is the Ohio staff writer Only... Included a common greeting for each language—in other words, an equivalent of “ hello ” in that.! Spoken languages in which this vowel is very common for this include … in 2018, the next two common. 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__label__cc	0.538136	0.461864	The World’s Biggest B2B DJ Relay: Mixing Beats & Breaking Records in Manchester It’s a reason to celebrate when DJs have the chance to get their names in the record books, especially when good causes will be receiving the benefits. On April 18th lovers of dance music, fun, and fundraising can get together in Manchester to cheer on 160 DJs as they attempt to beat the Guinness World Record for a B2B DJ Relay. For anyone has ever planned a gig, you know that this is no easy task, but the effort is worth it for promoter Daniel Williams who is hoping to raise awareness for the two charities Mustard Tree and Share Tanzania, as well as to showcase the incomparable music scene of Manchester: “Manchester is a hot bed for electronic music, with so many incredible DJs, promoters and nights emerging from the city. Coupled with such a rich musical history, I just felt that it was right that this world record was attempted here… Having seen the work first hand of Mustard Tree and Share Tanzania, it just felt like such a perfect opportunity for the city’s electronic music community to help raise vital funds for two very worthy charities.” Hosted at Joshua Brooks, home to Chemical Brothers’ first residency and recently celebrating its 25th anniversary, the event will be a full day affair starting at 11AM and continuing late into the night as it moves to Lost in Music for a special show featuring Mark Farina. Inviting Manchester’s clubbing community to come together, the day will include not only the 160 chosen relay DJs, but secret special guests, a pop-up record shop, discounted food and Liverpool’s iconic Liverpool Disco Festival, who will be hosting the bar throughout the day. For those around the world who can’t make it but want to watch, the event will also be streamed live through Skiddle. While bringing the B2B DJ Relay Guinness World Record to Manchester will be an amazing achievement, the attempt itself is an avenue to encourage some of the most important aspects of electronic music: uniting the community, having fun, and doing a world of good. With a behind the scenes look into the process and insight into what is driving him to arrange this massive record breaking attempt, Daniel Williams gave us the inside info on what to expect. Get to know the man behind the plan, and get ready to celebrate what makes dance music so great. I’d love to learn more about your background: What was your first introduction into electronic music like? I have always been a huge fan of electronic music, I suppose it started with my mum who constantly played disco records in the house, I remember having a very early love for the 4/4 beat! Around the age of 11 I asked the local DJ in the youth disco in my hometown how all of the equipment worked, he let me have a go and from then on I was hooked. I’ve been DJing and hosting events ever since! What inspired you to become a promoter? I suppose I had a love of bringing like minded people together who appreciated the same kind of music. I’ve done club nights to festivals for years but there is something special about seeing the work you’ve put in come together and seeing everybody having a great time on the night. Can you share some of your favorite events you have promoted in the past? I think the one that stands out the most is randomly bringing The Sugar Hill Gang to a one off event in the middle of a field in Cumbria! We organised the whole thing in 4 weeks. Nobody could quite believe we’d managed to get them to play this tiny 100 capacity event on a stage that we’d built ourselves out of anything we could find, in a friends field, but sure enough they came. We had a slight tech issue 10 minutes before they were due to come on though. The power completely went off, sheer panic came over me. Once we’d fixed the issue I asked my cousin to check the (previously unchecked) CDJ’s to make sure sound was coming through, to this day I have no idea where this tune came from, but Kylie Minogue’s mega hit “I should be so lucky” came blasting through the speakers, 5 minutes later they came onstage and smashed it, you couldn’t write it… What do you enjoy most about being involved in electronic music? I love hearing new and upcoming DJ’s break through the scene. I try to keep an ear out for unheard talent and I am constantly online and at gigs looking for new sounds. I also love meeting new people at events as well, the scene is stronger than ever right now. How did you first come up with this idea? What was the moment when you knew you wanted to make it happen? My original idea was to take a pair of decks up Mt Kilimanjaro and break the record for the highest altitude DJ set, but as it turned out the Last Night a DJ Saved My Life Charity did the very same thing a year ago for the same charity we are raising money for! It was a complete coincidence, but it made me want to research DJ world records… I saw the largest back to back DJ Relay on the Guinness World Record site, applied for it back in October, it got accepted in January and now here we are! What were your biggest motivations behind turning the idea into a reality? First and foremost I wanted to raise as much as possible for our chosen charities, they both rely heavily on funding and it would be great to be able to donate an amount that will make a real difference to peoples lives. I also like to set myself big challenges and programming 160 DJ’s to within a minute by minute schedule is certainly challenging! Did you have any other options for a location, or did you know that Manchester was it from the start? Having lived in Manchester for over 13 years now it had to be the place that we attempted this record. The city has such a rich musical history and the electronic scene is buzzing at the moment. I don’t think there is anywhere else that has such an energetic, diverse selection of nights that are thriving right now. What do you think makes the city such an important location for electronic music? You only have to look at the heritage of Manchesters’ music scene to appreciate how gargantuan it is. Music and Manchester have always gone hand in hand. Its woven into the very fabric of the city. Historically clubs like The Hacienda and The Boardwalk paved the way for electronic pioneers to make their stand whilst more recently nights like the Warehouse Project and Lost in Music are bringing world class acts to the city all the time. Culturally, Manchester has always been a huge melting pot of sounds and characters, it makes for such rich diverse pickings, we are really spoilt for choice here. What about the venue itself? What makes it the perfect place for this special event? Joshua Brooks was home to the Chemical Brothers’ first residency, its a very special place. It’s in it’s 25th year now and it just seemed incredibly fitting to host an internationally recognised event like this here. We have a lot going on throughout the day in the form of a pop up record shop, live performances from World Class Dance Acts and DJ sets from some of the UK’s best talent, the club and upstairs bar lend itself incredibly well to this format. The planning behind a show with 160 DJs seems like quite a daunting task, what have been some of the most challenging parts of this process so far? I’d have to say the programming is proving tricky. Making sure we have enough time to surpass the current record will take some work but I’ve every confidence in how we are approaching it. What has been the most fun part of this for you? Definitely making new connections and meeting so many great new people in the scene. Has anything surprised you during your planning? The sheer volume of DJ’s that applied! We had over 320 DJs apply in two days, it just blew up and my phone did not stop for two days straight after announcing it. Could you give us a little insight the reasons why you chose these 160 DJs? A lot of the chosen DJ’s are people we’ve already worked with and some are well established names within the industry who have very kindly agreed to take part. We had to randomly select the others to take part, quite literally names out of a hat, it was the fairest way to do it. Are there any specific rules you need to beat the previous record or is it all good as long as the music keeps going? Yes, Guinness are quite strict with these. We can only use 2 decks, with a third acting as a backup. We have to have a continuous mix from start to finish, no repeat DJs at all, and the entire attempt is to be recorded, video and audio. We are not allowed to repeat a track within four hours and if we have a technical failure we have 30 seconds to fix it, so we have to be on point! Could you share more about the charities that you are donating to? Why did you select these two causes? Share Tanzania operate in rural Tanzania and their aim is to alleviate the poverty children are faced with every day. I was fortunate enough to visit them last year and see first hand the amazing work they do, it really is an incredible charity all started by one man with a mission. John St Julien, who in just 4 short years has turned it into an essential project in the area, raising thousands and thousands of pounds, building a school etc. They have changed the lives of hundreds of children who otherwise may not of been so lucky. As mentioned I’ve lived in Manchester on and off for 13 years now and I’ve only seen the homelessness crisis worsen here. The Mustard Tree charity have been providing essential support services for those in poverty and facing homelessness in the Greater Manchester area for over 25 years. I chose this charity as they are instrumental in delivering help that ensures those less fortune can live the life they deserve. What do you most hope people walk away from this event having experienced? What makes it a success? If we can raise enough money to have a positive effect on just one persons life off the back of this event then I will consider this a huge success. Obviously breaking the record and bringing it to Manchester is also a great achievement!!! After-Party Event Page The World’s Biggest B2B DJ Relay: Mixing Beats & Breaking Records in Manchester was last modified: March 21st, 2019 by Lauren Krieger dj b2bdj relayguiness world recordsmanchester EventsFeaturedInterviewsNews Darin Epsilon’s Classics Collection Features 5 Years of... What the Ten Walls situation tells us about... Framewerk Builds New Foundation on FRISKY Planetarium explores deep waves of chill out with... Movement Machina Makes Music That Tells the Truth... Lost on You: Making a Difference One Track...	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line7
__label__wiki	0.755489	0.755489	Interview: Bleeding Through – Ryan Wombacher In recent years one of the most commanding and powerful bands to strike a chord between hardcore, metalcore, death and black metal elements has been Bleeding Through. Releasing ground breaking albums which has seen the band tour worldwide and the Orange Country based six-piece returned earlier this year with their self-titled sixth studio album which set a whole new chapter in the bands career. Having parted ways with Trustkill Records and now on Rise Records in the US and Roadrunner in the UK, the new era for Bleeding Through saw them releasing their strongest album to date. Recently at the Glasgow date on the Never Say Die tour which featured bands such as Parkway Drive, Comeback Kid, Emmure and more, I had the chance to sit down with bassist Ryan Wombacher to talk to him about the music industry, touring and their future plans. Michael: How has the tour been going so far? Ryan: Yeah it has been going well, it’s just getting the motivation for touring as we’ve been off for a little bit; still a little jet lagged. Michael: Is it pretty tough starting in Europe then bouncing over to the UK from the US? Ryan: No it’s really coming just from the US over to Europe. You get way more jet lag than when you go home from Europe to America, it’s just totally different, I don’t know why. Michael: How has the reception been to Bleeding Through on this tour compared to UK/European performances? Ryan: Crowds have been awesome every night so far. We just did the Machine Head tour over here a little bit go, about six months ago and I mean the crowds are comparable to that and that was a really big metal tour. We knew this tour was going to be good but it’s just been really good. All the bands are really cool, we have known a lot of them for a long time and the stage is really cool. Michael: Was there any band on the tour that you were looking forward to seeing perform or perform alongside? Ryan: Well we have been friends with Comeback Kid for a long time and we haven’t done shows with them in a long time so it’s good to see those guys again. We did Australia with Emmure and Parkway Drive we’ve known for a while; we did a headlining tour in Australia years and years ago and Parkway Drive actually opened for us in their home country. Now that’s impossible, it’s pretty funny. Michael: What is it like coming from a US crowd to those here in the UK and Europe, is there a big difference or change in the atmosphere? Ryan: Yeah I think the age difference is a big thing. In the States, once you hit your middle to late twenties you’re considered an older person at a show but when you come over to mainland Europe and the UK, I think that metal and hardcore lasts a little bit longer in people’s lives which I think is pretty cool. I wish it happened in the States, I don’t know why but it’s very noticeable if you come over here especially if you have never been here and you play a show, you realise the crowd is a lot older. Michael: One of the topics that you have spoken of a few times is the difference between the modern metal/hardcore scene and that of the late nineties. With the US being much more of a younger audience, do you think it’s maybe seen as a lot more mainstream now? Ryan: Other than hardcore and metal getting the chance to be a little more mainstream five or six years ago, seven to eight years is when it started becoming more popular in the mainstream and I don’t think that is what changed it. I don’t even really know how to answer that. It’s just that Europe and the UK, you’ll have people in their thirties and forties, which is not old but for metal and hardcore it’s considered old and they still love it. They kind of live it every day and in the States if you’re thirty and still going to shows, it’s pretty crazy, like that’s awesome but it’s very rare. I don’t know if there is just a reason for it, it’s really odd. Michael: Even when you compare the charts, the US always strikes it well with rock, metal, hardcore and such but here in the UK we are overrun with pop. Ryan: Oh yeah but still somehow metal is huge, especially when you have festivals which have 50,000 people, it’s weird. Michael: I have seen a few complaints from fans in the US about this tour and how they wish this line-up was also going overseas. Although the US does get all the big name tours, you don’t really see any festivals. Ryan: Oh yeah all the festivals, I wish that shit could happen in the States but it would never happen. You know we have Ozzfest but it’s suffering every year, horribly. I wish it would just go back to like it used to but I mean we did 2004 and it was still pretty good and then we did 2006 but it wasn’t as good as 2004. People we knew did 2007, 2008 and 2009 and they said it sucked. Michael: There isn’t even anything else apart from Crüe Fest which is reported to be becoming the new filler for Ozzfest. Ryan: Yeah there isn’t really any full on metal festivals going on like they have over here in the UK and Europe. I hate that, it’s not the same, it’s not like its two different worlds, I mean there are different lifestyles from the UK and the States but I don’t know why that would affect the music. Michael: With the way that you and Brandan have both spoke about the late nineties and comparing the industry from then to now, do you not think it is slightly two different worlds when you look at the industry then compared to now and when you also look at the US and UK side by side? Ryan: I think when we talk about the nineties we talk a lot more about the music industry itself than the likes of touring. I mean touring was totally different too but I think there are way more people with their hands in your pockets now and way more bands touring now there used to be also. Record sales are down and you don’t make as much money off your records now so you have to stay on tour to make money. You kind of have to whore yourself to make money and I think that’s how we talk about how the late nineties were better for that. You know we still tour in vans in the States and we do a bus tour here and there but it really hasn’t changed too much, it’s more to do with the industry. Michael: You mentioned record sales being down there but if that is becoming an issue in the US, it must be extremely hard to ever feel like you’re breaking the UK or European market. Ryan: Oh yeah man, you know we’re from the US so it’s kind of our home town, it’s our own back yard so kids see us all the time or we tour and they see us and we continue to sell records and then we only come over here every six months or so and do one tour. If Bleeding Through isn’t in the States then kids just assume we’re not touring, they don’t really take the time to look at the website and say ‘oh yeah they are on tour but they’re just in a different country’, so with the economy and the industry the way it is, I think it will always be harder to sell records in countries that you’re not from. Michael: You also mentioned people being more in your pockets now, is this something that you face or since you moved to Rise Records and with Roadrunner here in the UK, is it a lot easier now to avoid this situation? Ryan: Yeah it is a lot easier with them. I think the whole hands in your pockets thing is now when bands get signed, the younger bands, as they have no choice but to sign a 360° deal were labels have their hands in their pockets even deeper because they take ten or fifteen per cent of everything, including what you make on tour. Bleeding Through will never and has never signed a 360° deal and we won’t, you can’t pull that shit with a band who has been around as long as us. This band has been touring for twelve years, the members in the band, some of them, have been touring for fifteen years so we will never sign to a 360° deal. I think that is the way that it has changed for record labels. They don’t make money off the records anymore, or not as much as they used to, so now they have to find ways to make money somewhere else. These bands who are new and want to get signed, if that’s the only option for them and they don’t know if it’s good or bad just kind of get suckered into it. Well they don’t get suckered into because it’s the only choice they have, it’s unfortunate. Michael: For younger bands who do want to get into the industry but maybe skip the downfalls of such a deal and I suppose for bands even like Bleeding Through here, do you think the internet is sort of helping to make it easier and also cheaper for things such as promotion, advertising and also the sales of music? Ryan: I think that’s my favourite question people ask because it’s such a double edged; it’s the sharpest double edged sword that is out there for music right now. The internet has done amazing amazing things for advertising, networking and getting your name out there. I mean all you have to do is sit at your desk, you can be in your pyjamas eating a banana and you can post something on the internet and someone around the world in Africa will see it in seconds as opposed to the nineties. In the nineties when hardcore was getting started, fanzines, the only way you knew a tour was coming through is if it came in a fanzine. You could show up at that show and you didn’t know that the tour got cancelled a month ago but it said in the fanzine that it was booked and if the club didn’t send out a notice saying something was cancelled, you wouldn’t know. I think on the opposite side of the internet, I think it has also killed music as opposed to helping it grow because of how simple it is. A lot of people take things for granted and people have things at their fingertips at all times. I think because they take it for granted, that’s kind of killed the whole magical side of it, so it’s definitely a double edged sword. Michael: Are you active with the social networking aspect of the band and interacting with fans all the time? Ryan: Oh yeah definitely. All of us are on Facebook, MySpace, Twitter and I’d say that eighty five per cent of the time it is us posting or answering questions. We try to stay in touch as much as possible with our fans as much as we possibly can. We always want to know what they’re thinking and we’ve had some kids tell us to play some old stuff, ‘we want to hear this and we want to hear that’, so when we get home, the first thing we’re doing is two shows back to back. One night all old stuff and one night all new stuff, so the kids that gave us shit for not playing old stuff better be at the first night [laughs]. Michael: How do you combat that when working out your set list if there is such a demand for older material? Ryan: It’s hard. We’ve kind of got to the point were when a new record comes out, if it’s the first tour of the new record we will play one, maybe two songs off the new record and then we won’t waste our time because of course we know they want to hear the old stuff. I want to hear the old stuff off of other bands; I don’t want to see a whole new record being played. It takes us about two or three tours later to come back and do a lot of new stuff so by that time it’s not new anymore and the kids know the words but you’re always going to disappoint someone but then you’re always going to make someone extremely happy so you need to find the best medium in between. Michael: Yeah so it’s always best to go for like a greatest hits with a few surprises thrown in. Ryan: Exactly, plus what’s old to us is totally different in the eyes of some kids. I mean some kids think ‘The Truth’ record is our first record and we’ve had numerous records before that. There are some songs we hate playing, we don’t hate the song but we have just been playing it for so long we just don’t want to hear it anymore [laughs] but we can’t not play it because it is one of the songs that got you were you are. Michael: Are there ever songs that you really want to play and you feel like not caring about the fans reaction to them? Ryan: Oh yeah man [laughs]. There is always the handful of songs that are the bands favourites but they are just a little, they are a little too much. Like they’re not sing-a-long, they’re not moshing songs, they’re not even really head banging songs, they are just too fast with not enough crowd participation in it. There is the kids who would like it but overall it’s not going to be a crowd favourite. Like there are songs off ‘This Is Love, This Is Murderous’ that we did and we had never played live, ever. We probably don’t even remember any of them [laughs] but that’s the way it goes. Every band is going to do that, there are very few bands who are going to play every song off the record, that’s just the way it is. Michael: Based on the latest album which was released back in April, how has the reception went down to the new material, not just live but from the feedback you’ve received from fans and such? Ryan: You know, ever since ‘Declaration’, the last record, we go in the studio now and we do not give a shit about what anyone wants to hear. We know what we have to stay true to as a band, like okay, this is what Bleeding Through is, we can’t obviously go in and do an acoustic record and be like fuck everyone, that’s our fans, that’s a slap in the face. Bleeding Through has always thought about ‘okay, we have fans but we have to write a record for ourselves’ but we also have to keep in mind our solid fan base because we kind of consider them part of the band. Like when bands come out and do three records that are all kind of the same, they are all different but they all have the same aspects and they get this huge fan base and become huge they suddenly go ‘alright, we’re going to totally change our sound’, that’s like slapping everyone in the face. Yeah you need to keep yourself happy as a band and want to do things as a musician but when you get to that point, you do have to make everyone happy in a sense. So when we go into the studio we know what Bleeding Through is and we write what Bleeding Through is. Every time in the studio we do something just a little different, like kind of spice it up, put a little more into it; keeping what Bleeding Through is but adding more so we keep both sides happy. Michael: The band has also progressed album after album so what was the spice in this album that made it stand out above the others? Ryan: I think there is a lot more black metal involved in it; I think that is kind of the big thing on the newer record. We’ve kind of gone back to that way of being more pissed off as opposed to ‘The Truth’ record. It was still angry but it was a little more, I don’t want to use the words, radio friendly, but it’s the only words that I can really use to describe it. It still has a ton of singing parts in it which we have had since the demo so when people say ‘aw I don’t like Bleeding Through anymore, they sing too much’, we’re like ‘we always have’, but I think the difference with this new record is the contrast between the really fast parts and still doing some singing. Michael: Bleeding Through has been a unit for so many years now and after touring around the world and releasing so many albums, what keeps you motivated and inspired to keep moving forward to that next album and tour? Ryan: That’s a good question, a lot of bands do lose that Michael: Yeah, you do see a lot of bands taking time out in order to fuel them Ryan: Yeah, we just really really like playing music; we all really like doing this for a living. I mean we all have businesses at home and I personally own my own business, our singer owns his own business and then everyone has jobs but those are kind of like our part time things and the band is what we think about all the time. When we’re not touring, we’re writing and when we take breaks, while we’re on those breaks, we are always getting stuff ready for when we go back out. I think you just need to stay honest to yourself and stay true to what you want to do as a band. One thing I want to say, as long as the band enjoys it, because as soon as you’re doing it just for the money which is bullshit because there is no money in it, especially right now, you would be lying to yourself because I could go home and work at a grocery store and sell fruit on a corner and make more money than this shit. So that’s an honest reason, we do it for the fun. As long as you enjoy yourself and you only do things you want to do as a band, I think that is why we stay so happy. Everything we do as a band, we call the shots and I think that’s the key to staying happy and enjoying it. Michael: So with that in mind, what are your plans in 2011? Ryan: 2011 is going to have a new record. Michael: So have you already started to push forward with the album? Ryan: We’re going to start writing when we come home. We’re going to take a little bit of a break as soon as this tour is over so we can get our families back in order and spend some time with them, then start writing and then start working on the process of building tours. 2011 is going to be very strategic tour wise, there won’t be as many but the ones that are will be bigger, a bit more intense and more thought out. Like this is who we want on the tour and if they are not going to do the tour then we just won’t fill the spot. If we want five bands to do the tour and only three can do it then it’s going to be a three band tour. That’s what we want to do, it’s more strategic. Michael: So if writing is planned when you get home, can we expect an end of 2011 release or maybe earlier? Ryan: Maybe mid-year; safe to say towards the end but not at the end, maybe like eight months or something like that. Best thing about it is we’re going to do it whenever we want to do it. There is no deadline right now, we don’t have any dates set, we don’t have the studio, we’re going to do the record ourselves. So we will literally go in and record it and it will be probably be done before we sign a contract. Michael: So you’re not still signed to Rise or Roadrunner for a future release? Ryan: It is a possibility, we haven’t talked about that but we haven’t got that far. We will write the record, finish it, it will be done and then all we need to do is get a postage note and put a due date on it but it will be done. The only thing we will be waiting for is time for the press, time for the release date and time for advertising. Michael: So have you found that the best way to do it now, record and then pitch? Ryan: Yeah, I don’t think labels have a right, yeah they are putting money towards it and they might have comment but we’ve never had a label go ‘this is what you need to do on the record’ cause we’ll be like ‘well you’re going to be really bummed out cause we’re not doing that’. So yeah I don’t think that’s a labels place to say what they want. Bleeding Through have never signed to a label that called the shots and I don’t think we ever will cause that’s not who we are. We write our record the way we want it. You’re signing Bleeding Through because that’s what you want. Michael: Thanks for taking some time to sit and answer some questions. I think the doors have or are just opening so better let you get ready. Ryan: No thank you, hope to see you out there tonight. Picture credits I Shoot Shows and Kez Photography. Interview: Alter Bridge – Brian Marshall Bleeding Through to release new album in 2011	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line9
__label__cc	0.518047	0.481953	Bolivia: Historical Background Country Study > Chapter 5 > National Security > The Security Forces > Historical Background Although the marshal of Ayacucho, Antonio José de Sucre Alcalá, had organized the first Bolivian police force on June 24, 1826, the National Police (Policía Nacional) was not established officially until 1886. The Bolivian police became institutionalized on the national level in 1937 with the creation of the National Corps of Carabineers (Cuerpo Nacional de Carabineros) and its professional training school, the Police School (Escuela de Policía), later renamed the National Police Academy (Academia Nacional de Policías). The carabineers constituted a post-Chaco War merger of the Military Police, the Gendarmerie Corps (Cuerpo de Gendarmería), the paramilitary Security Police (Policía de Seguridad), and the army's Carabineer Regiment (Regimiento de Carabineros). Unlike in most Latin American countries, Bolivia's police forces had always been responsible to the national government rather than to lesser political authorities. The concept of centralized police power is established by the Constitution. The Police Law of 1886 formalized the system that remained in effect throughout the first half of the twentieth century. In 1950 the Organic Law of Police and Carabineers of Bolivia (Law No. 311) revised the police system substantially. Law No. 311 and the 1886 law provide the legal basis for the present-day police system. Until the 1952 Revolution, the police corps was subordinate to the army and to the Ministry of National Defense. The army assumed most police functions and treated the corps as a reserve to be called on only in times of dire emergency. As a result of its active support of the 1952 Revolution, however, the national police received greater jurisdiction over police affairs and was modernized. It and the carabineers were transferred to the jurisdiction of what was then the Ministry of Interior, which concerned itself exclusively with administrative supervision. Nevertheless, the police resented being commanded by an army officer and having lower status and pay than the military.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line11
__label__wiki	0.599593	0.599593	class of gun which is loaded from the muzzle A muzzleloader is any firearm into which the projectile and the propellant charge is loaded from the muzzle of the gun (i.e., from the forward, open end of the gun's barrel). This is distinct from the modern (higher tech and harder to make) designs of breech-loading firearms. The term "muzzleloader" applies to both rifled and smoothbore type muzzleloaders, and may also refer to the marksman who specializes in the shooting of such firearms. The firing methods, paraphernalia and mechanism further divide both categories as do caliber (from cannons to small-caliber palm guns). Modern muzzleloading firearms range from reproductions of sidelock, flintlock and percussion long guns, to in-line rifles that use modern inventions such as a closed breech, sealed primer and fast rifling to allow for considerable accuracy at long ranges. Modern mortars use a shell with the propelling charge and primer attached at the base. Unlike older muzzleloading mortars, which were loaded the same way as muzzleloading cannon, the modern mortar is fired by dropping the shell down the barrel where a pin fires the primer, igniting the main propelling charge. Both the modern mortar and the older mortar were used for high angle fire. However, the fact that the mortar is not loaded in separate steps may make its definition as a muzzleloader a matter of opinion. Muzzleloading can apply to anything from cannons to pistols but in modern parlance the term most commonly applies to black powder small arms. It usually, but not always, involves the use of a loose propellant (i.e., gunpowder) and projectile, as well as a separate method of ignition or priming. 1 Loading 2 Projectile types and history 3 Modern usage 4 Muzzleloading 4.1 Modern use 5.1 Related to muzzle-loading small arms 5.2 Related to muzzle-loading artillery Loading[] Loaded muzzleloading cannon. (1) Priming charge (2) Main propellant charge (3) Wadding (4) Projectile (5) Wadding Wadding recovered from the wreck of the packet ship Hanover and was found inside a loaded cannon, National Maritime Museum Cornwall (2014) In general, the sequence of loading is to put in first gunpowder, by pouring in a measured amount of loose powder, historically mostly by using a powder flask (or powder horn), or by inserting a pre-measured bag or paper packet of gunpowder (called a cartridge) or by inserting solid propellant pellets. The gunpowder used is typically black powder or black powder substitutes like Pyrodex. Sometimes two types of gunpowder (and two flasks) were used consisting of finer priming powder for the flash pan and coarser powder for the main charge behind the ball. This was particularly the case with earlier muzzleloaders like matchlocks but appear to have been less common with flintlocks and was irrelevant with percussion locks since they used percussion caps rather than priming powder. Wadding is made from felt, paper, cloth or card and has several different uses. In shotguns, a card wad or other secure wadding is used between the powder and the shot charge to prevent pellets from dropping into the powder charge and on top of the shot charge to hold it in place in the barrel. In smooth bore muskets and most rifles used prior to cartridges being introduced in the mid-to late nineteenth century, wadding was used primarily to hold the powder in place. On most naval cannons, one piece of wadding was used to hold the powder in place and served the purpose of creating a better seal around the shot. Another was used to act as a plug to stop the shot rolling out because of the swaying of the ship. The use of cartridges with both gunpowder charge and ball, made up in batches by the shooter or a servant, was known from very early on, but until roughly around 1800 loading using a powder flask and a bag of balls was more common outside of the military. The measuring stage for the barrel charge of gunpowder could be avoided by carrying a number of pre-measured charges in small containers of wood, metal or cloth, often carried on a bandolier. These were known by various names, including "chargers" or "apostles" as 12 were often carried. For most of the time muzzleloaders were in use, a round ball and pre-measured powder charge could be carried in a paper or cloth wrapping. The shooter would bite off the end of the paper cartridge with his teeth and pour the powder into the barrel followed by the ball encased in the paper wrapping. The projectiles and wads were then pushed down into the breech with a ramrod until they were firmly seated on the propellant charge. Priming powder could be carried in a separate priming flask and poured into the priming pan or a little powder from the cartridge was used, and the frizzen was pushed down to hold the priming powder in place. After the gunpowder and projectile or shot charge were placed in the barrel a ramrod was used to firmly pack everything down at the base of the barrel. Then either a priming charge was placed in the priming pan or a percussion cap was placed on the nipple, the firing mechanism initiated; the cock or hammer was then cocked to make the firearm ready to fire. Projectile types and history[] A pair of French rifled, flintlock, duelling pistols by Nicolas Noël Boutet 1794-1797. Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada. The set of accessories includes a small hammer as rifled pistols used slightly oversized bullets; a hammer was needed to drive the bullet down the barrel when loading.[1] Muzzleloading firearms generally use round balls, cylindrical conical projectiles, and shot charges. In some types of rifles firing round ball, a lubricated patch (see Kentucky rifle) of fabric is wrapped around a ball which is slightly smaller than the barrel diameter. In other types of round ball firing rifles, a ramrod and hammer is used to force the round ball down through the rifling. When fired, either the lead ball or the wrapping grips the rifling and imparts spin to the ball which usually gives improved accuracy. In rifles firing Minié balls, the patch, often the paper wrapping from the cartridge, is used as an initial seal and to hold powder in place during loading. The Minié ball replaced the round ball in most firearms, especially military, in the 1840s and 1850s[citation needed]. It has a hollow base which expands to grip the rifling. The combination of the spinning Minié ball and the consistent velocity provided by the improved seal gave far better accuracy than the smoothbore muzzleloaders that it replaced. Modern usage[] When aiming for great accuracy, muzzle-loaders are usually cleaned ("swabbed") before reloading, so that there is no residue left in the barrel to reduce accuracy, though in competitions run by the international governing body, the MLAIC, this is prohibited for military rifle and musket events. However, in small arms muzzleloading rifles, swabbing is only done after every 5-10 shots. Large caliber muzzle-loaders such as cannons are always swabbed between shots to prevent accidents caused by live sparks igniting the fresh charge of powder as it is being loaded. Muzzleloading[] Main article: Muzzleloading Varsity Scouts of the Boy Scouts of America learning about muzzleloading rifles Muzzleloading is the sport or pastime of firing muzzleloading guns. Muzzleloading guns, both antique and reproduction, are used for target shooting, hunting, historical re-enactment and historical research. The sport originated in the United States in the 1930s, just as the last original users and makers of muzzleloading arms were dying out. The sport received a tremendous boost in the 1960s and 1970s. The Muzzle Loaders Associations International Committee (www.MLAIC.org) was formed in 1970 and held its first World Championship in 1971. Since then a flourishing industry manufacturing working reproductions of historic firearms now exists in the United States and Europe, particularly in northern Italy, for example at Gardone Val Trompia, in the Province of Brescia. In the United States muzzleloading guns are, subject to a number of qualifications, generally not considered firearms. Subject to state law they may be possessed by persons who might otherwise not be legally allowed to own a firearm.[2] The American National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association holds two national tournaments a year in Friendship, Indiana as well as the Western National Shoot Event held in Phoenix, Arizona. The Muzzle Loaders Associations International Committee (MLAIC) governs international competition with muzzle-loading arms. The MLAIC holds a Short Range World Championship in even-numbered years and a Long Range World Championship (300 to 1000 yards) on odd numbered years (South Africa has won the last 5 Long Range World Championships). Modern use[] Driven by demand for muzzleloaders for special extended primitive hunting seasons, firearms manufacturers have developed in-line muzzleloading rifles with designs similar to modern breech-loading centerfire designs.[3] Knight Rifles pioneered the in-line muzzleloader in the mid-1980s, manufacturing and selling them to this day.[4] Savage Arms has created the 10ML-II, which can be used with smokeless powder, reducing the cleaning required.[5] However, Savage has discontinued the production of smokeless muzzleloaders and no company has yet to pick up production of a new smokeless muzzleloader. There are several custom gun makers that are currently building smokeless muzzleloaders on new or donor bolt actions. Muzzle-loading gun on its carriage Related to muzzle-loading small arms[] Breech-loading firearms Antique guns Musket Matchlock Wheellock Snaplock Snaphance Miquelet Caplock mechanism Pepperbox Related to muzzle-loading artillery[] Rifled muzzle loader List of muzzle-loading artillery Falconet Saker Demi-cannon Culverin Demi-culverin Canon-obusier (gun-howitzer) ML 8 inch shell gun 68-pounder gun Parrott rifle 70 pounder Whitworth RML 68-pounder 64 cwt gun RML 7 inch gun 68-pounder Lancaster gun RML 12 inch 25 ton gun RML 17.72 inch gun, ("100-ton gun") ^ Jeff Kinard (2003). Pistols: An Illustrated History of Their Impact. ABC-CLIO. pp. 33–34. ISBN 978-1-85109-470-7. ^ ATF.gov Top 10 Frequently Asked Firearms Questions and Answers ^ "In-line Muzzleloaders". Field & Stream (Nov 1996). November 1996. Retrieved 11 July 2020. ^ Jim Braaten (3 June 2009), "Knight Muzzleloading Rifles looks to close production", Minneapolis Star Tribune, archived from the original on 11 May 2015 ^ "Hunting drives today's blackpowder market". Shooting Industry. May 2004. Archived from the original on 2012-07-18. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Muzzle-loaders. National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association Muzzle Loaders association of Great Britain Muzzle-Loading Associations International Committee Muzzleloader Articles A number of articles on loading and firing various military muzzleloaders.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line14
__label__wiki	0.516286	0.516286	Encyclopedia > National Physical Laboratory United Kingdom National Physical Laboratory Redirected from National Physical Laboratory The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is the national measurement standards laboratory for the United Kingdom, based at Teddington near London. It is the largest applied physics organisation in the UK, and has a role similar to that of NIST in the United States. NPL is an internationally respected centre of excellence in measurement and materials science. Since 1900, it has developed and maintained the primary national measurement standards. Today it provides the scientific resources for the National Measurement System financed by the Department of Trade and Industry. The NPL also offers a range of commercial services, applying scientific skills to industrial measurement problems, and broadcasts the MSF time signal. NPL cooperates with professional networks such as those of the IEE to support scientists and engineers concerned with areas of work in which it has expertise. Researchers who have worked at the NPL include Paul Baran[?] and Donald Davies[?], who invented packet switching in the early 1960's, Louis Essen[?], who invented a more accurate atomic clock than those first built in America, Alan Turing, one of the fathers of modern digital computing, and Robert Watson-Watt, generally considered the inventor of radar. A new privately-funded state-of-the-art laboratory for the NPL at Teddington is due to be completed during 2003. NPL home page (http://www.npl.co.uk/) NMS home page (http://www.dti.gov.uk/nms/) East Islip, New York ... median income for a family is $77,593. Males have a median income of $51,554 versus $36,959 for females. The per capita income for the town is $27,356. 3.7% of the ...	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line16
__label__cc	0.70269	0.29731	Zcash is changing its ideology Author's column Denis Staggi Confidentiality-oriented Zcash cryptocoin is getting ready to move away from the Proof-of-Work (PoW) protocol and switch to Proof-of-Stake (PoS). There are two reasons for that: security and environment. Zcash cryptocurrency has been gradually increasing in price in recent weeks. Currently, the cost of one cryptocoin is $ 118. And the rate of growth may well intensify because Zcash is in for some major changes. Its creator, the well-known cypherpunk Zooko Wilcox, believes that the Zcash network must be transformed in the same way as Ethereum and many other coins now, shifting from the Proof-of-Work algorithm to Proof-of-Stake. According to Wilcox, PoS is eco-friendly, as it doesn’t consume a lot of energy while also providing increased security levels. “I think Proof-of-Work has certain security drawbacks, as was demonstrated by recent 51% attacks (when one miner controls most of the computer performance in the network and is able to steal tokens), – said the creator of the coin -. I believe that Proof-of-Stake can provide a much more efficient type of security at lower costs.” Zooko Wilcox is a man who stood at the very origins of the cryptocurrency movement, working alongside the legendary Satoshi Nakamoto. He certainly recognizes all the advantages and disadvantages of PoW and PoS algorithms. Wilcox suggests focusing on such successful PoS-based projects as Algorand, Cardano, Cosmos, and Tezos. As it stands, the Proof-of-Work algorithm is the foundation of the Bitcoin network. It offers miners a reward for solving complex mathematical problems in the process of creating new blocks in the network, which also means the creation of new coins. This consensus mechanism is often criticized for a large amount of energy it requires to support the network’s performance. And the more popular the coin, the more computer performance its mining necessitates, which in turn increases energy consumption and, therefore, the “carbon footprint” of the coin. The power used for BTC mining, for example, is already equal to the energy consumption of Ireland. However, the Bitcoin community is now actively defending the benefits of PoW, completely disregarding the weight of the Wilcox name. The adherents of the classical BTC model of blockchain construction are convinced that Proof-of-Stake blockchains don’t measure up to the BTC security level. Moreover, the PoS algorithm is constantly being attacked for the possibility of potentially moving away from decentralization and even “establishing plutocracy”. Among those skeptical about the potential benefits of PoS is Blockstream CEO Adam Back, who believes that this consensus mechanism has its own fundamental problems. Wilcox’s current initiative could be viewed as an attempt to “refine” Bitcoin, to do something that was never done back in 2010. Then the BTC algorithm was supposed to be supplemented with the zk-snarks (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge) component to use it in a blockchain and hide not only the identity of the sender and recipient but also the transaction amounts. It would have presumably ensured complete confidentiality. While developing Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto himself hoped to integrate zk-snarks into the network, but it wasn’t to be. The technology was considered “immature”, threatening to slow down the already functioning BTC blockchain. Later, in 2012, Wilcox, along with other developers, suggested integrating zk-snarks in the Bitcoin network at a conference in San Jose. Still, the main developers refused, saying that the technology should first be tested on another blockchain. Well, they got what they asked for: Zooko Wilcox integrated zk-snarks into the new network, and the Zcash cryptocurrency was born. Now it looks like the creator of Zcash wants to put his brainchild in the lead, giving it two key advantages for our times: environmental friendliness and security/privacy. And the first step here is to move from an energy-intensive Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism to a greener Proof-of-Stake approach. The result of this transition may be unpredictable for the crypto market since current Zcash is the closest “relative” of Bitcoin: its code is essentially a slightly modified BTC code. So, on the one hand, Zcash itself may become more popular among users, but most importantly, the question will be raised about Bitcoin moving to the Proof-of-Stake algorithm in the future. The first cryptocurrency could face the choice predicted for it a few years ago: “Adapt or perish!” It is worth remembering, however, that there is a reason they call BTC “digital gold” – partially because the community around the first cryptocurrency traditionally resists major changes, and the need to use PoW has become an integral part of Bitcoin’s ideology. On the other hand, Wilcox, a true visionary, says the entire cryptocurrency world is at the “inflection point” of protecting privacy from governments and corporations. In his opinion, the rates are rising because central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), with their built-in mechanisms to track all transactions from the very beginning, are about to enter the scene. Notably, though, Zcash creator is not at all opposed to commercial banks integrating his cryptocurrency into their services. PoS PoW Zcash Zooko Wilcox	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line19
__label__wiki	0.502502	0.502502	Mbam Djerem National Park Current view: Text account Year of compilation: 2001 Located on the southern slopes of the Adamaoua plateau, to the east of the Yoko–Tibati road, Mbam Djerem National Park has probably the greatest habitat diversity of any protected area in Cameroon. The vegetation includes the northern limits of the rainforest, riverine and gallery forest, savanna woodland and some riverine grassland. The terrain is generally flat and is drier and more open to the north and west. The area in the south of the park used to be more open, due to frequent fires, but now there are extensive areas of woodland and young forest. It is apparent from old vegetation maps and more recent satellite imageries that much of the forest in the area is only about 50 years old; between 40–50% of the park is now forested. Average annual rainfall is approximately 1,500 mm. Key biodiversity See Box and Tables 2 and 3 for key species. The avifauna is rich, with 365 species recorded so far. One species of the Afrotropical Highlands biome (A07) also occurs (see Table 3). Non-bird biodiversity: The area still holds relatively healthy populations of a number of large mammals including Pan troglodytes (EN), Loxodonta africana (EN) and Hylochoerus meinertzhageni (VU). Pressure/threats to key biodiversity The area was gazetted a National Park in January 2000 and is the largest National Park in Cameroon. Human population density in the region is relatively low, but poaching is a serious threat to large-mammal populations. Seasonal fires are also a problem. Logging concessions have been allocated in the area south of the park. BirdLife International (2022) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Mbam Djerem National Park. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 19/01/2022.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line20
__label__cc	0.733798	0.266202	So where does the name “Depleted Cranium” come from? Over the years there have been many substances or technologies which have become lightning rods for sensational claims of health or enviornmental effects. These include floridization of water, DDT, silicone breast implants, electromagnetic radiation and most recently depleted uranium. Depleted Uranium has been blamed for everything from “Gulf War Syndrome” to birth defects in Afghanistan to upsetting the natural energy fields of the earth. The problem is that all the scientific evidence avaliable refutes DU as being an especially dangerous material. Depleted Uranium is a byproduct of processing nuclear fuel. It’s similar to naturally occurring uranium, but has had most of the fissile isotope U-235 separated, leaving mostly U-238. Hence the name “depleted.” It’s used in armor as well as projectiles and other applications because of its unique and useful physical properties. DU is ultra dense, hard and can be made into armor-piercing shells which are pyromatic (combust on impact) and are self-sharpening. Depleted Uranium is radioactive, but only very mildly so. It’s not dangerous because of it’s radioactivity and it’s perfectly safe to hold it in your hand. However, it is mildly chemically toxic. It’s toxicity is similar to that of lead, another heavy metal. Obviously, lead is not something you would want to eat on a regular basis, and lead contaminated food and water may have drove some romans crazy (although only after long term exposure). However, it’s very uncommon for lead to cause acute toxicity and it poses the greatest danger to those who are exposed to it regularly. There’s lead in solder, car batteries, fishing weights, bullets, shot, electronics and many other products. It’s not something you would freak out about having in your home, as long as it’s not contaminating food or a child’s environment. This is very comparable to the dangers of depleted uranium. Although it is technically toxic, it has very low acute toxicity and due to it’s density is unlikely to travel as far in the environment as other materials. The tiny trace amounts that civilians may be exposed to are extremely unlikely to have any noticeable health effects. It is far less toxic than many consumer products and other materials all around us. Depleted uranium has become the next big daemon amongst the anti-science crowd. It’s blamed for every disease in the book, for global warming, causing comets to leave their orbit and the impending demise of the human race. It’s the quintessential buzz-word for bad science and conspiracy theories. The problem is not with the depleted uranium. It’s a problem of depleted cranium! Exposure to high doses of stupid can have very negative effects on your health!	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line22
__label__cc	0.595332	0.404668	Hudlin's Huddle » Hudlin's Huddle (Moderators: Reginald Hudlin, Curtis Metcalf) » The Wealth Gap Is Widening....from David Evans Author Topic: The Wealth Gap Is Widening....from David Evans (Read 4099 times) Reginald Hudlin The following article from the Washington Post (3/23/09) by Meizhu Lui describes the TEN-FOLD difference between white wealth and black wealth in the United States. Mind you, the disparity has WORSENED since 2004 and, if this trend is not checked, can only portend disaster for our country and world. This ominous statistic should even test the sincerity of Attorney General Eric Holder's harshest critics who so strongly resented his description of us as a "...nation of cowards..." when it comes to the discussion of race. The Wealth Gap Gets Wider By Meizhu Lui Monday, March 23, 2009; A15 The chips are in. Every three years, the Federal Reserve, in its Survey of Consumer Finances, takes a look at how U.S. households are doing and reports on our assets and liabilities. The euphoria of our gambling spree is over. In the harsh glare of morning, the hangover is tough. And the latest data are from 2007, so they don't even capture the worst of the decline. The net worth of the average American family is less than it was in 2001. We borrowed more for that trip to Vegas than we brought home. Everyone knows this now. But here's something being talked about much less: The gap between the wealth of white Americans and African Americans has grown. According to the Fed, for every dollar of wealth held by the typical white family, the African American family has only one dime. In 2004, it had 12 cents. This is not just a gap. It's a deepening canyon. The overhyped political term "post-racial society" becomes patently absurd when looking at these economic numbers. This week, experts on asset building in communities of color are meeting with members of Congress to talk about closing the wealth gap. While the government is rescuing failing financial institutions as a short-term measure, those at the two-day Color of Wealth Policy Summit will make the case that the nation's long-term economic future depends on the inclusion of all Americans in opportunities to build wealth. Why such a big gap? The biggest predictor of the future economic status of a child is the net worth of the child's parents. Even modest inheritances or gifts within a parent's lifetime -- such as paying for college or providing the down payment on a home -- can give a child a lift up the economic ladder. And historically, white families have enjoyed more government support and tax-paid subsidies for their asset-building activities. Let's look at the rules of the game in homeownership, for example. During the Depression, the Home Owners' Loan Corp. was formed to rescue families whose homes were in foreclosure. Not a single loan went to a family of color. The black section of Detroit was simply excluded. After World War II, GIs received government-subsidized home mortgages, but there was no oversight to ensure that soldiers of color got their fair share. Of the 67,000 mortgages issued under the GI Bill in New York and northern New Jersey, 66,900 went to white veterans, as documented in Ira Katznelson's " When Affirmative Action Was White." Recently, there have been sins of omission and commission. White families are five times as likely as families of color to have a bank account and access to responsible loan terms. Because of the lack of federally insured and regulated financial institutions on reservations and in inner cities, rural areas, barrios and Chinatowns, payday lenders and other shady financial dealers operating without government oversight have preyed on people of color, fueling the economic and foreclosure crises. African Americans and other people of color were more than three times as likely as white borrowers to be steered to high-interest loans, even when they qualified for a prime loan. A Harvard University study showed that in Massachusetts, a high-income African American was more likely than a low-income white borrower to get a subprime loan. Such studies abound. Additionally, rules in our tax code have strengthened the hand of those who already have assets. You can get a tax deduction for the interest paid on home mortgages of up to $1 million -- a nice break for those who hardly need one. But if you own a home and make too little to itemize, the mortgage interest deduction doesn't help you at all. So what can we do? We need a Financial Product Safety Commission to act against discriminatory lending policies and to stop the marketing of dangerous loans such as exploding adjustable-rate mortgages. We also should cap the mortgage interest deduction and make it refundable so low-income homeowners can benefit. Mandating that new schools and transportation and commercial projects that are supported by federal dollars be located only in areas with racially inclusive zoning policies would also do much to create and grow neighborhoods of opportunity. Building wealth is essential to the American promise of opportunity for economic mobility and security regardless of the accident of one's birth. In the 21st-century global marketplace, the diversity of our population is an asset -- if we play our cards right. The chips on the table reflect the fact that the game was fixed. It's time to start an honest game with a new deck. All of our futures depend on it. Meizhu Lui is director of the Closing the Racial Wealth Gap Initiative at the Insight Center for Community Economic Development in Oakland, Calif. The center is organizing the Color of Wealth 2009 Policy Summit, to be held in Washington today and tomorrow Hypestyle Intellectual Conqueror Re: The Wealth Gap Is Widening....from David Evans Rolling Stone article-- unforeseen depths of financial manipulation-- http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/26793903/the_big_takeover Be Kind to Someone Today. isaiah_bradley we only have us to blame for this? http://thegalaxyriders.com/mag/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/blkcap.jpg	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line24
__label__wiki	0.631787	0.631787	Series 4 Soundtrack Doctor Who Series 4 Soundtrack Series 4 is a soundtrack album released on 17 November 2008, [2] containing incidental music that was used throughout the fourth series of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who. The music was composed by the British musical director Murray Gold and was orchestrated by his collaborator Ben Foster who had previously worked with him on the films Alien Autopsy, I Want Candy and most recently Frank Oz’s Death at a Funeral.[3] The album’s independent record label is Silva Screen Records who were responsible for the release of previous Doctor Who soundtracks, in collaboratedition with the BBC Radiophonic Workshop. The soundtrack features regular vocalist Melanie Pappenheim on tracks 12 and 19 and countertenor Mark Chambers on track 6. Track no. 1 “Doctor Who Opening Crs” 0:45 2 “A Noble Girl About Town” 2:12 3 “Life Among the Distant Stars” 2:28 4 “Corridors and Fire Escapes” 1:13 5 “The Sybilline Sisterhood” 1:53 6 “Songs of Captivity and Freedom” 4:03 7 “UNIT Rocks” 1:11 8 “The Doctor’s Daughter” 1:37 9 “The Source” 3:20 10 “The Unicorn and the Wasp” 3:09 11 “The Doctor’s theme Series 4” 2:45 12 “Voyage of the Damned Suite” 10:21 13 “The Girl with No Name” 2:45 14 “The Song of Song” 2:13 15 “All in the Mind” 1:16 16 “Silence in the Library” 2:56 17 “The Greatest Story Never Told” 6:16 18 “Midnight” 3:07 19 “Turn Left” 2:21 20 “A Dazzling End” 2:14 21 “The Rueful Fate of Donna Noble” 2:44 22 “Davros” 2:03 23 “The Dark and Endless Dalek Night” 3:43 24 “A Pressing Need to Save the World” 4:50 25 “Hanging on the Tablaphone” 1:04 26 “Song of Freedom” 2:51 27 “Doctor Who Closing Crs” 1:06 Total running time: 76:27 minutes. Episode entry Home>Reference Guide>BBC Audio>Series 4 Soundtrack	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line25
__label__cc	0.528835	0.471165	Doris Kloster Reflections on History She Views Herself My idea for this book was to show how my interest in fetish began and how it has evolved over time. As I was selecting the images for Doris Kloster's Demimonde I sought out pictures that represented significant developments in my art. While working as editorial director of FAD Magazine in the 1980s I was surrounded by the most flamboyant and visually interesting people and, naturally, I photographed them in the newest nightspots or on the streets with New York City as the backdrop. For me, fetish really began in the nightclubs with all the illustrious and notorious nightlife personalities, each creating their own personal artistic statement. Dressing up and going out was turned into a brilliant performance, and each character played a leading role. I was lucky enough to be a habitué of the club scene and allowed entry into its turbulent depths. My interest in fashion and journalism led me to document this colorful period in the history of downtown New York City, when the twin towers still stood proudly on the skyline. I was living in Soho just off Broadway in a huge loft, at a time when the area was just beginning to show signs of cultural life. There was little of the gentrification that dominates Manhattan today. Luckily there were no multi-national fast food outlets, coffee shops or casual clothing stores and no mega-malls to spoil the visual landscape. It was 1986 and the art galleries were just starting to move to Soho from the East Village. Rents were still affordable, and there were few conveniences like grocery stores, dry cleaning services or pharmacies, but that made it more thrilling, like a frontier town. At night the neighborhood was as deserted as a graveyard. I was venturing out every midnight, hoping to find a taxi to one of the many nightclubs – Area, The World, Pyramid Club, Larry T's Love Machine, Panty Girdles, and the famous after-hours club Save the Robots, to name a few. There were outlaw parties – at public pools and subway platforms, and fashion shows in moving subway cars. This was the milieu of the infamous Michael Alig and, later, Disco 2000, his patented brand of sicko high jinx. As night turned to day we went out into the morning light with hopes of getting safely home in our freakery before being spotted by the neighbors on their way to work. Usually people would stop and gawk at the feather boas, latex catsuits and platform hip boots as we stumbled out of a cab at eight am. Some of the pictures in this book were shot just after such a night of reveling, or arranged in the clubs and shot on another day at sunrise or in the clubs during the early afternoon. I liked to document the city's landscapes, both indoors and out, along with its inhabitants – real people, not stars. I signed up James St. James to write a column for FAD Magazine entitled "Night People" for which we did photo shoots and interviews with the divas and reigning queens of the night, some of whom are pictured here. I shot an ad for Sex and the City stylist Pat Field's store on 8th Street (page 24), and produced lots of editorial stories for FAD's pages. We would shoot on Sunday mornings down on Wall Street when it was deserted, take a taxi to one of the many bridges around Manhattan, or just step outside my loft for a shoot in Soho. All the people modeled their own costumes, and each picture was a real collaboration. During the late 1980s and early 1990s the fetish world revolved around the club scene, with a mix of performance, drag and body modification acts (pages 41, 46, 42, 150 and 151). This underground world generated a fabulous feeling of decadent debauchery that spawned many inspired creations. The drag goddesses had the most original style. They were the true stars of the scene, along with a few real women who were pursuing an Uberfrau look of hyper-sexuality with big hair, big boobs and stratospheric heels (page 37). These female amazons exaggerated their feminine qualities to the point of cartoon characters, approaching the drag queens in outrageous looks and behavior – it was hard to tell the real girls from the others. Every night demanded a new act, a new costume and a new look. There were females doing drag and males doing drag. The pioneers were a mix of Marilyn Monroe, Greta Garbo and Mae West. These lovelies started many trends – drag is now as normal as apple pie. They began wearing rubber dresses, glittery body make-up, oversized long lashes, customized rubber-soled wedge platform boots, and sheer body stockings with corsets and leather thongs long before anyone else was wearing them. Their overtly individual sexual expression really helped to bring about changes in attitudes and a more open acceptance of different types of behavior. The male gay scene also played an important role in the development of fetish S & M nightclub events. In 1990 I shot a series of pictures entitled "Men and Meat" (pages 32 and 35) at six o'clock in the morning in the meat market section of New York's Chelsea neighborhood. Now a fashionable shopping area, at that time it was strictly a marketplace for butchers and their products. I wanted to have big muscle men in hip boots and high heels wearing corsets and female fetish drag, yet trying not to disguise their masculinity – only enhancing it with the use of female accessories. This caused an uproar with the super-macho meat market workers, who finally called the cops when the two guys kissed and embraced in front of the meat hooks and delivery trucks. I find it particularly interesting that straight men would be so threatened by two butch men kissing, but could be easily taken in by a passable queen. Were they having a hard time accepting the power of the male and female morphing in to one? Having worked as a fashion photographer in Europe before coming to New York, I found the visual imagery of the exotic fringe world to be very powerful. At one point at FAD we decided to interview world-famous domina Ava Taurel for an article. I went to her studio and we did some pictures. This is how I began shooting dominatrixes and their slaves. I was interested in documenting the power relationship that exists between a mistress and a submissive. I am convinced that many slaves relished thoughts of their secret world, with their individual slave number and code words, while sitting at their day job. As fate would have it, I eventually had to move out of my loft, which had been the scene of many parties and photo shoots, and my new apartment was within walking distance of four dungeons. It turned out I had moved to the epicenter of New York's dungeon world. My visits over the years to dominas in Paris, London, Madrid and Barcelona are represented in some of the pictures that appear here (pages 104, 130, 132, 136, 138, 139, 150, 154). While this is by no means a complete survey of the current global scene, it includes many interesting personalities. One opportunity came while I was in Moscow to shoot a book project on the history of World War II. I was hired to photograph Russian army generals in their uniforms at the Red Army Museum, and my love of history and uniforms made this a dream project for me. I used my free time in Moscow trying to track down a domina to photograph, without success. Eventually, I approached one of the girls that hang out by the dozen in hotel lobbies and she agreed to pose for pictures (pages 78 and 79). One of my favorite places in Europe is Venice, especially during the annual Carnivale. I love the Carnivale because it mixes many of my favorite things together – masks, costumes, symbols, role playing and sumptuous locations – that all transport one to another place and time. On my most recent visit I stayed in a beautiful palazzo on the Grand Canal. One early morning after a masked ball we found ourselves waiting for a water taxi and I took the picture on page 158. The possibilities for naughtiness are endless under the cover of a mask. Copyright Doris Kloster 2022	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line26
__label__cc	0.642989	0.357011	Thermal aspects of metal cutting Loewen, E. G. (Erwin G.) (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1952) Secondary flow in axial compressors Dean, Robert Charles (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1954) Three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer Johnston, James Paul (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1957) A theoretical and experimental investigation of the aerothermopressor process Erickson, Alve J (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1958) An experimental and theoretical study of heat transfer in an annulus with an inner rotating cylinder Becker, Kurt M. (Kurt Magnus) (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1957) Stall propagation in axial compressors Stenning, Alan H. (Alan Hugh) (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1955) Solar energy collection and its utilization for house heating Whillier, Austin, 1927- (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1953) Fluid flow and heat transfer in an annulus with an inner rotating cylinder Elgar, Everett C. (Everett Charles) (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1956) Theory of transient heat transfer in laminar flow, applied to the entrance region of tubes with heat capacity Arpaci, Vedat S., 1928- (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1958) The effect of cooling on boundary layer transition in a gas Kline, S. J. (Stephen Jay), 1922- (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1952) AuthorArgon, Ali S (1)Arpaci, Vedat S., 1928- (1)Backer, Stanley (1)Becker, Kurt M. (Kurt Magnus) (1)Cannon, Robert Hamilton (1)Dean, Robert Charles (1)Dunn, Jack F. (Jack Frederick) (1)Dussourd, J. L. (Jules L.) (1)Elgar, Everett C. (Everett Charles) (1)Erickson, Alve J (1)... View MoreDepartment Department of Mechanical Engineering (26) DegreeSc.D. (26)SubjectMechanical Engineering (26)TS1828 .P47 (1)... View MoreDate Issued1953 (4)1955 (4)1956 (4)1957 (4)1958 (3)1952 (2)1959 (2)1950 (1)1951 (1)1954 (1)Has File(s)Yes (26)	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line27
__label__wiki	0.588515	0.588515	Finance Minister urged to back Phase Two of Clonakilty Greenway – Daly Cork South West Fine Gael TD and Minister for Mental Health and Older People, Jim Daly, recently visited the Clonakilty Greenway phase one, with the Minister for Finance Paschal Donohoe. The new greenway, which is now officially opened stretches from Clonakilty Hospital to the outskirts of the Clonakilty Business Park, however the project needs a second tranche of funding to connect the route to the Business Park. “This of course is just part of the dream to eventually have a full loop to Courtmacsherry,” said Minister Daly. The West Cork TD confirmed that a second funding application is currently before Minister Michael Ring to support the extension of the project. “I am delighted that Paschal took time from his busy schedule to view the completed Greenway last week. Back in 2015 after I originally proposed this walking route I arranged a meeting with Paschal in Clonakilty Council Chambers as he was then Tourism and Sports Minister. Officials outlined to him the ambitious plans for the greenway at that meeting. Ever since that date Paschal has been nothing but supportive of this project. He really appreciated seeing it completed.” “Minister Michael Ring provided the funding for phase one, and now there is an active application in his Department (Rural and Community Development) to extend the project and bring it right into the Business Park.” “Minister Donohoe was extremely impressed with the scheme progress and undertook to report back to Minister Michael Ring in support of the next phase. I expect a decision to be made on this funding in September/October.” Minister Daly concluded, “Of course, a project like the Clonakilty greenway could not have been achieved without a shared vision by Cork County Council, and I would like to thank officials in the Council for their hard work with preparing funding applications and getting the project to where it is today.” Justin England of Cork County Council outlines details of phase two of the scheme to Minister Donohue at a meeting in Clonakilty last week	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line28
__label__cc	0.730829	0.269171	Diesels > New Diesels Research New Diesel Category: Diesel Chevrolet Diesels Ford Diesels GMC Diesels Land Rover Diesels Nissan Diesels RAM Diesels 2021 Chevrolet Colorado Starting at $34,400 2021 Chevrolet Express 2500 Starting at $33,000 2021 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Starting at $40,300 2021 Chevrolet Silverado 2500HD Starting at $35,300 2021 Ford F-150 Starting at $45,545 2021 GMC Savana 2500 Starting at $33,000 2021 GMC Sierra 1500 Starting at $30,100 2021 GMC Sierra 2500HD Starting at $36,200 2021 Land Rover Range Rover Starting at $98,000 2021 Land Rover Range Rover Sport Starting at $79,500 2021 Nissan Titan XD Starting at $45,430 2021 RAM 1500 Starting at $32,795 2020 RAM ProMaster 2500 Starting at $34,145 2020 RAM ProMaster 2500 Window Van Starting at $36,995 2020 RAM ProMaster City Starting at $24,480 Because of recent diesel emissions issues, the number of diesel models on the new-vehicle market has dropped like a stone. Some of the most popular models have been pulled from the market, including a large number of German vehicles. The remaining models at new car dealerships come from a variety of manufacturers, some of which have made a return to or branched out into the diesel market in North America. Because of ever advancing technology, today’s diesel engines are quieter, smoother and more powerful than they were in the past. Trying to determine whether a diesel or gasoline powered vehicle is better for the environment is tough, but thanks to new emissions laws, diesel motors are cleaner than ever. Today most models use diesel particulate filters (or DPFs) to remove black carbon soot and diesel exhaust fluid (or DEF) to reduce NOx emissions. The DPF should maintain itself by going into regeneration (or regen) mode, but the DEF tank will need to be refilled occasionally, usually every 10,000 miles or so. When buying a new vehicle, the diesel model might carry a considerable price premium over the gasoline model, but it’s important to look at both sides of the equation. Often used cars with diesel engines are significantly more valuable than their gasoline counterparts thanks to increased demand, which can also make them easier to sell. Because of the diesel engine’s reputation for reliability high mileage diesel cars often tend to hold their value better than high mileage gasoline-powered vehicles as well. Don’t expect to make up for the price premium purely in fuel saving, however, as with the high cost of diesel fuel in some areas it might take thousands of miles of driving before you break even. Build and Price a New Car Get a Free Credit Evaluation	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line30
__label__wiki	0.706106	0.706106	--It appears that a 55-year old skier died at Stevens Pass Ski Resort last week. It's not currently clear if it was due to trauma or a medical reason. To read more, click here. --A very cool new alpine ice line went up on Mt. Hood this week. The Pencil is a thin WI 3 line at the on the Elliot Glacier. To read more, click here. --There is a bit more information about the death of a Squaw Valley Ski Patroler death last week. It appears that an avalanche charge detonated prematurely. To read more, click here. --Two people were injured by an avalanche on Mt. Baldy this week. To read more, click here. --The Desert Trail is reporting on an accident in Joshua Tree National Park. "A Burbank man was airlifted out of the park Sunday, Jan. 29, after taking a 30-foot fall. Colin Campbell, 26, was rock climbing in the Jumbo Rocks at about 11 a.m. area when he fellow about 30 feet to the ground. He was flown to Desert Regional Medical Center in Palm Springs for treatment." To read more, click here. --Red Rock Rendezvous is a world-class climbing event. There will be climbing instruction, competitions, slideshows, games and parties. This is one event that just gets better every year. AAI guides will be there to support the event and will be available for guided climbs or instructional programs both before and after the Red Rock Rendezvous. To learn more, click here. Colorado: --Teluride Helitrax, a Colorado heli-ski operation, set off a charge on Ajax Peak above Telluride and... Well, there was an avalanche. A big one. Check it out below: --A snowmobile rider was killed in an avalanche near Cooper Landing, Alaska this weekend. To read more, click here. --It appears that there was an accident on Katterskill Falls in New York State, but information is still scarce. To read more, click here. --A massive avalanche washed over Polar Circus, a classic WI 5 near Banff. The avalanche washed over two climbers who survived the event. A photo of the avalanche narrowly missing the leader is currently on the Gripped website. To read about this event, click here. --The Men's Journal is reporting that, "Widespread hiring freezes hit most federal agencies on Monday (excepting the military). The stated goal of the order is to "reduce the size of the Federal Government's workforce through attrition." In other words? It may be here to stay. For the Department of Interior, which oversees most public lands, this likely means there will be no new employees to aid in the $12.5 billion maintenance backlog that Ryan Zinke said he'd make a priority when he took control. And while National Parks have never been more popular (with some 300 million visitors in 2015), resources allocated for conservation and land management are at record lows — meaning the new hiring freeze could have the unintended consequences when it comes to camping and hiking, mountain-biking, and paddling on public lands. Even hunting and fishing may be affected." To read more, click here. --In the ongoing kerfuffle over the crowd size at Donald Trump's inauguration, the Washington Post reported that, "On the morning after Donald Trump’s inauguration, acting National Park Service director Michael T. Reynolds received an extraordinary summons: The new president wanted to talk to him. In a Saturday phone call, Trump personally ordered Reynolds to produce additional photographs of the previous day’s crowds on the Mall, according to three individuals who have knowledge of the conversation. The president believed that the photos might prove that the media had lied in reporting that attendance had been no better than average. Trump also expressed anger over a retweet sent from the agency’s account, in which side-by-side photographs showed far fewer people at his swearing-in than had shown up to see Barack Obama’s inauguration in 2009." To read more, click here. --After gag orders were placed on the NPS, Timothy Egan from the New York Times wrote, "Heroes in uniform? No, not by normal standards in normal times. Informing people is what park rangers do. Anyone who has ever listened to a narrative of what happened on the bloodiest single day in American history at Antietam National Battlefield, or heard an explanation for the geysers at Yellowstone, can appreciate the professional knowledge. But in the Trump era, snippets of useful information from dedicated public employees are more like the signals that a survivor’s beacon sends out after being buried by an avalanche. In this case, the beeps represent science, history, facts. Trump is delusional in his obsession with his numbers, with his size. He has to be the biggest, the greatest, the best — all facts to the contrary. Everything he touches is phenomenal, and his opponents are garbage. But does a pathological liar really want to pick a fight with the caretakers of America’s Best Idea?" To read the whole article, click here. --In more political NPS news the House has moved to make it easier to drill for oil and gas in the National Parks. To read more, click here. --And the hits just keep on coming. The Guardian is reporting on the Republican effort to sell off public land. "The new piece of legislation would direct the interior secretary to immediately sell off an area of public land the size of Connecticut. In a press release for House Bill 621, Chaffetz, a Tea Party Republican, claimed that the 3.3m acres of national land, maintained by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), served “no purpose for taxpayers”. But many in the 10 states that would lose federal land in the bill disagree, and public land rallies in opposition are bringing together environmentalists and sportsmen across the west." --UPDATE: In late breaking news, the Wilderness Society is reporting that, "Rep. Jason Chaffetz announced in a post on Instagram that he is withdrawing the land selloff bill. The news follows many comments and calls to Congress from our supporters and other conservationists." To read more, click here. --The Louisiana Record is reporting that, "A customer is suing operators of a rock climbing wall, alleging their negligence led to the plaintiff suffering injuries in a fall. Rachel Scherer filed a lawsuit Jan.18 against the New Orleans Boulder Lounge, LLC, Eli Klarman and K&K Insurance Company in Orleans Parish Civil District Court, alleging negligence. According to the complaint, on Sept. 26, 2016, Scherer fell 10 feet from the wall to the ground, resulting in a compound fracture of her left humerus. She was required to undergo multiple surgeries, the suit says." To read more, click here. --Alpinist is reporting that, "The Indian Mountaineering Foundation recently announced that it is offering reduced permit fees for 81 select mountains in the Indian Himalaya. The "promotional scheme" is for this year only." To read more, click here. An elusive photo of Bigfoot at SeaTac International Airport. --Apparently the big debate about Bigfoot is whether to kill one or not. And apparently there's a TV show where they hilariously debate this. Check it out, here. Jason Martin at 6:00 AM Thank you for your comment. An administrator will post your comment after he/she moderates it.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line31
__label__wiki	0.743999	0.743999	John Wort Hannam GrassRoots Regina proudly presents JOHN WORT HANNAM. The Club - 2431 8th Ave, Regina Admisssion: $10 John was nominated for Songwriter of the Year and his recently released CD "Two-Bit Suit" was nominated for Roots Album of the Year at the 2007 Western Canadian Music Awards. He'll be accompanied by Tyler Bird on upright bass. http://www.myspace.com/johnworthannam http://www.johnworthannam.com/ From southern Alberta comes one of Canada’s most promising new songwriters. John is known for his unique take on the simple day-to-day dramas of the common man through songs that map the landscapes of both the human heart and this vast country of ours. He is a born story-teller with a keen eye for the quirky, a humble and engaging performer with lyrics that create stories behind the songs. Although John is a relatively new face on the folk/roots scene (he was a fulltime public school teacher until 2000), he has received accolades and seen his profile rise rapidly in a few short years. He was named a 2007 New Folk Winner at the Kerrville Texas New Folk Songwriting Competition. He has two Canadian Folk Music Award nominations for “Best Emerging Artist” and “Best Contemporary Singer”, and Western Canadian Music Award nomination for “Outstanding Songwriter”. Recently, Guy Clark invited John to his Nashville home to spend a few days co-writing. John released his debut CD “Pocket Full of Holes” in 2002, his second, “Dynamite and 'Dozers” in 2004, and his third, “Two-Bit Suit” in April of 2007. The new CD brings together a great cast of musicians that includes Steve Dawson on a variety of stringed instruments, and guest musicians such John Reischman on mandolin. "Wort Hannam hails from Canada and the likes of Gordon Lightfoot & Harry Chapin loom large over these strong self-penned collections of folk, country songs." - Americana U.K. (Andy Riggs) "You wouldn't know from listening to Two-Bit Suit that John Wort Hannam is a "new" or "emerging" singer/songwriter. He writes songs that speak of the Prairies with the eloquence of a Sinclair Ross or a W.O. Mitchell, a Margaret Laurence or a Sharon Butala. Other songwriters with whom he shares pedigree include Ian Tyson, Tom Russell and Corb Lund. Produced by Steve Dawson, the album bridges contemporary country and folk, roots music with Western heart and flare." - The Kitchener Waterloo Record (Robert Reid)	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line35
__label__cc	0.741548	0.258452	My Experience as a Refugee in America With today’s news reports of violence, terror, and refugee crises, it feels more important than ever this holiday seaseon to take a moment as Americans and consider the freedom we have to live good lives. While I’ve written before about my immigration, like my tale of my first American summer camp experience, I haven’t addressed what it was like for my family of refugees to land in America. This is that story. When my family left Odessa, Ukraine in the late-1970s, we emigrated because of discrimination against and persecution of Jews like us. We were unable to practice our religion, or any religion, in the Soviet Union. Part of what drove us to America was freedom of religion. Also, in general, my parents wanted a chance at a better life. We arrived in the United States with family already here, including my mother’s brother (my uncle) and my mother’s parents (my grandparents), so we weren’t entirely alone. Family helped where it could, and, when we were in greater need, Jewish Family & Children’s Services stepped in to help, like by sending me to Camp Tawonga. This was the experience of many Russian Jews who were refugees in America: private service agencies helped a lot, much more so than the government. It was very rare to find any of us reliant on governmental help. My parents found success here in America. In Russia, my father was an engineer who designed toys, while my mother taught Russian language and literature and worked as a librarian. Here in the U.S., my father retrained as an electrical engineer and worked for a hardware manufacturing company, and my mother became an accountant working in personnel for Seagrams. They both felt lucky that, in this country, being a refugee wasn’t a barrier to success. They had opportunity. In fact, in my community, it seemed like the success rate was really high; our parents, and then me and my peers, had an intense drive to succeed in our new country. As a child, I watched my parents work hard to establish our new lives here just as I worked hard to figure out how to fit into this new culture and place. It felt like drinking from a fire hose every day! Even though my family wasn’t particularly disadvantaged in Russia, we had still come from a poor country. In America, we were surrounded by excess in a way that we couldn’t have dreamed. So many things were mind-boggling, like the abundance of food at the supermarkets, and all of the things for sale all over the place. We had so many struggles to fit into the culture at all, to learn the ways of America, plus a language barrier. Without mastery of the English language, especially, we were truly handicapped at first. Here, for a long time, I was afraid to raise my hand in class because I was afraid of how my words would come out. But I soon realized that the U.S. had true diversity. It felt like nobody was born here and that there were immigrants from everywhere, especially in the Jewish community, where it feels like we were all only one or two generations away from somebody’s parents or grandparents being fresh off of the boat. In Odessa, people rarely moved from place to place, but here, people are more mobile, even among cultures. We had a saying in Russia that you were born speaking Russian and you died speaking Russian, but here, it felt like you could be born in one culture and become another. It was okay to be different in the U.S., but not in Odessa, where conformity was the norm. It took a while for me to realize that the reason they call the U.S. a “melting pot” is that you can be anyone here, that it doesn’t matter if you are born into money or not, or if your parents do or do not have connections. In Russia, you had to have your parents’ connections to succeed at all. Here, networking helps with business success, but it’s rarely, if at all, family-driven. And of course, part of the reason we came – freedom to practice our Jewish religion – became part of our lives and joy. This is where I want to end my story, because, on today’s news, the perception is that religion is polarizing and devastating nations. That this is untrue in the United States is is one of the things for which I am most thankful. My family did not have religious freedom at all in the Soviet Union. As polarizing as religion can seem here at times, let us never lose sight that we have the freedom to practice our faith, whatever it is, as well as the opportunity to create new, successful lives. There is no doubt that my family’s lives are far better than they would have been had we stayed in the Ukraine. This holiday season and always, I am grateful that my family had that opportunity. Postscript: There are important distinctions between my family’s experience as refugees and that of today’s Syrians. My family experienced no violence or anything close to what Syrians are experiencing in their Civil War. The experience of today’s Syrians is a lot more like Jews’ experience in World War II. It is a humanitarian crisis. That was not my experience. I don’t write this piece in an attempt to speak for all refugees, or even to enter a political dialogue, as sensitive as I am to the plight of refugees. I write this piece to put a human face on one story, one experience – my own – in a time when we are considering what it means to be a refugee in America. * In memory of my father, Roman Makagon, who passed away on August 23, 2015 * This entry was posted in Blogging on November 30, 2015 by Kira Makagon. Voice is the New Text As EVP of Innovation for RingCentral, a communications company that recently expanded into the collaboration space with the acquisition of Glip, I’m a keen observer of evolution in the tech industry. I’ve written before about how the way we work is changing rapidly, especially as collaboration tools facilitate information sharing. Sharing isn’t only about e-mail, spreadsheets, calendering, and endless typing at a keyboard anymore, though. These days, information sharing can be voiced. In fact, I believe that Voice is the new Text. Over the next five years, talking and typing will become increasingly interoperable. Already, your voicemail can be sent to your phone and converted into a text. Or as an alternative to text-based messages, Apple lets you send voice-based messages through iMessage. If you want to send a text specifically, you can speak into your phone, which will convert your speech into text. This no longer requires special software; phones come embedded with this technology. As well, we’re evolving from the days of tapping away on small smartphone keyboards. With the advent of wearables, imagine trying to type a text on that. It’s practically impossible! It’s not hard to imagine the near-future of voice messaging as talking into a smart watch. More features and opportunities for voice messaging technology lie ahead. What if you had a voice-based personal assistant, like Siri on the iPhone, but more advanced? For example, if you’re talking about a to-do item, you could be prompted by your system: “Would you like me to schedule a task?” or “Would you like me to schedule that meeting now?” Notes from your meeting, whether in-person or virtual, can be transcribed with follow-up tasks scheduled and assigned with minimal, if any, in-person intervention. Voice and text truly will become interchangeable, with voice transcribed into text inline while you’re reading or typing a document. Many of the systems we use will begin interacting with voice systems to streamline our lives in this way. If you think about it, many cars already have these features so that we can communicate hands-free. The workplace will follow suit. The ways in which we communicate and collaborate are constantly evolving. Some companies in this space are marrying communications and collaboration to create something even better, as RingCentral did with its acquisition of Glip. As integrating one powerful application with another becomes easier, it will be exciting to witness how much more efficient and hands-free our workspaces will be as Voice increasingly becomes the new Text. This post originally appeared on LinkedIn on November 11, 2015. This article first appeared on LinkedIn on November 11, 2015. What Glip Means to RingCentral The world is just starting to see why RingCentral was so excited to acquire Glip, back in June. Now we are beginning to make Glip team messaging and collaboration software part of a complete business communication and collaboration platform. As RingCentral’s Executive Vice President of Innovation, I was one of the leading advocates of the acquisition because I believe we need to go beyond voice. Phone service is the essential backbone of any business, but traditional wired phones are not very exciting. Why is a smartphone sexier than the phone on your desk? Mobility is just part of it. Since the iPhone arrived, the mobile phone has turned into a multifunction device that just happens to include a phone. Meanwhile, desk phones remain stubbornly boring. I want RingCentral to be exciting. Of course, our engineering and operations staff could tell you there is nothing boring about delivering reliable business phone service over the Internet. We jazz it up with software controls for reconfiguring phone networks, forwarding calls, and allowing employees mobile access to the corporate phone system from their personal phones. Still, if we think of voice as a communication and collaboration application, it is one of many. We have to go beyond that if we want to play a bigger part in the productivity and success of our customers. What Glip gives us is a modern communication and collaboration framework that streamlines all the ways we work together in business. For any project or departmental activity, we can use team chat to keep everyone continually informed without the need to resort to annoying “reply to all” email threads. We can share files, assign tasks, track work, and maintain a team calendar. Contractors and consultants can be added to these teams as guests as needed and dropped from the team when their participation is no longer required. When we need to connect in real-time, we can do that, too. With the latest update to the Glip platform, RingCentral Office customers can initiate a voice or video conference with the team as easily as they can send a chat message. Glip already offered video chat and screen sharing, which we now support under the banner of RingCentral Meetings. Glip users with a RingCentral Office account can call a coworker by clicking on their photo. They can launch a conference call without the need to email dial-in details. Glip now lets users log in with their RingCentral Office password or corporate single sign-on. These are just the first steps in an experience we will continue to make more seamless as we weave Glip and RingCentral Office together at a deeper level. While the calling features require RingCentral Office, Glip will continue to be available as an independent product – including a free version you can use with an unlimited number of coworkers, unlimited storage, and a free trial of RingCentral Meetings for video calls and screen sharing. At either $5 or $10 per user, per month, paid accounts include 24/7 support and thousands of minutes per month of video for each user (see glip.com/pricing for details). Glip is already introducing us to new customers for RingCentral Office, and we expect that trend to accelerate as we prove the value of combining voice with other modes of communication. We are not the only ones who see the time is right for this: Gartner projects that by 2020 over 90 percent of enterprise voice calls in the digital workplace will originate from collaboration applications, up from less than 30 percent today. Glip is our way of harnessing the innovation unleashed by cloud, mobile, and social technologies without the fragmentation. Workers can send a message, assign a task, schedule an event, share a file, and make a call, without the need to toggle between multiple single-purpose apps. Our customers had been asking us for instant messaging as part of RingCentral Office. With Glip, we are giving them much more than that. Glip and RingCentral Office together empower businesses to keep their people connected, aligned, and on schedule to deliver great results. That is worth being excited about. This post originally appeared on the RingCentral blog on November 3, 2015. This entry was posted in Blogging on November 6, 2015 by Kira Makagon.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line39
__label__wiki	0.918173	0.918173	Marc Tessier-Lavigne on CSHL: Developmental Neurobiology Course LIFE IN SCIENCE Becoming a Scientist Advice to Young Scientists Involvement in Genomics Mechanics of the HGP Challenges of the HGP Surprises in the HGP Competition in Science Changes over Time Gene Patenting Government Involvement Dangers of Genome Research The Future of Genomics JAMES D. WATSON Jim Watson as a Young Man Harvard, 1955-1976 CSHL, Director and President The Human Genome Project Meeting Jim Watson Professor & Administrator Personality & Influence "Lucky Jim" Memories of Jim Watson A Unique Place Meetings & Courses Special Aspects The Future of CSHL WSBS John Cairns Milislav Demerec Alfred Hershey Barbara McClintock Rich Roberts Bruce Stillman Oral History -> CSHL -> Meetings & Courses -> Marc Tessier-Lavigne on CSHL: Developmental Neurobiology Course To manually start video, click: CSHL: Developmental Neurobiology Course (Marc Tessier-Lavigne) Then use your browser's back button to return Marc Tessier-Lavigne Biography Recorded: 11 Sep 2008 Well, after my PhD I actually did a short postdoc in London as well. I stayed for about nine months and worked with Anne Mudge who was in Martin Raff’s unit there. During the course of my , and this is actually is very relevant to Cold Spring Harbor, I took one of your courses, the neural development course which at the time was taught by Paul Patterson and Dave Purvis, Dale Purvis, excuse me. And at that course it really reinforced a feeling that I had during my as I was doing on the one hand cell biology and on the other information processing. I was more and more drawn, more and more fascinated by the wiring of the nervous system the specificity of the connections and wondering how it is that the nervous system could be assembled with such precision during embryonic development. At the Cold Spring Harbor Course I was exposed to the cutting edge of what was known about nervous system development. Pretty much then and there I’d decided that I wanted to become a developmental neurobiologist and I still had to finish my but I started planning. I was fortunate to be able to go and work with Tom Jessell in New York. But there was a short gap between my and when I could start in New York. So I was even more fortunate to be able to spend time in Martin Raff’s group which as you know had been a pioneer in the application of molecular mechanism, molecular methodologies to studying nervous system development. Marc Tessier-Lavigne, a pioneer in developmental neurobiology, is currently president of The Rockefeller University in New York, where he heads the Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, and oversees 70 independent laboratories that operate within the university. He is the first industry executive to serve as president of Rockefeller. He joined Genentech, Inc. in 2003 as Senior Vice President, Research Drug Discovery, and was promoted to Executive Vice President, Research Drug Discovery in June, 2008. In that capacity, he was responsible for research management of all therapeutic areas of research, including a team of 1,400 researchers and his own research lab. His research at Genentech on the development of the brain uncovered details of how Alzheimer's disease is triggered. Born in Canada in 1959, he was also raised in Belgium and the UK, and has lived in the US since 1990. Marc completed an undergraduate degree in physics and mathematics from McGill University (B.Sc., 1980), and a second undergraduate degree in philosophy and physiology from Oxford University (Rhodes Scholar, B.A., 1982). Prior to earning his Ph.D. at University College London (1986) in neurophysiology, Marc became the national coordinator of the Canadian Student Pugwash Organization, which promotes awareness and action relating to nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, and other ethical implications of science and technology policy. During his postdoctoral work at UCL and Columbia University, Marc’s research focus became developmental neurobiology. From 1991 to 2001 he was on the faculty at the University of California, San Francisco. From 1994 to 2003 he was also an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. His famous discovery of the netrins (a class of proteins involved in axon guidance) occurred in 1994 while he was at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2000 he co-founded the biopharmaceutical company Renovis. From 2001-2003 he was the Susan B. Ford Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences and professor of Biological Sciences and a professor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences at Stanford University. Among the many awards Marc has received for his work in neuroscience are the McKnight Investigator Award (1994), the Ameritec Prize (1995), the Foundation IPSEN Prize for Neuronal Plasticity (shared, 1996), the Viktor Hamburger Award, International Society for Developmental Neuroscience (1997), the Wakeman Award for spinal cord injury research (shared, 1998), the Robert Dow Neuroscience Award (2003), and the Reeve-Irvine Research Medal (shared, 2006). Tessier-Lavigne has been elected a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, and a fellow of the Royal Society and the Academy of Medical Sciences in the United Kingdom. OTHER TOPICS for Marc Tessier-Lavigne Challenges in Life Guidance through Education Neurophysiology with David Attwell at University College London Postdoc at Tom Jessell’s Lab at Columbia Starting a lab at University of California, San Francisco Discovering the Purification of Netrins Publishing on Purification of the Netrin Working on Axon Growth and Guidance Moving from Basic Research to Curing Disease Research at Genentech Role at Genentech Unconventional Funding for my Lab CSHL: Developmental Neurobiology Course SCIENTISTS SPEAKING ABOUT MEETINGS & COURSES Werner Arber Michael Ashburner Elizabeth Blackburn Ann Burgess Richard Burgess Mario Capecchi Jim Dahlberg Ashley Dunn Mary Jane Gething Charles Gilbert Raymond Gosling Jim Hudson Peter Little Richard Myers Ron Plasterk James Sherley Anna Marie Skalka John Sulston Peter Vogt Werner Arber Michael Ashburner David Bentley Elizabeth Blackburn Ann Burgess Richard Burgess Mario Capecchi Hans Clevers Jim Dahlberg Ian Dunham Ashley Dunn Mary Jane Gething Charles Gilbert Raymond Gosling Jim Hudson Peter Little Richard Myers Ron Plasterk James Sherley Anna Marie Skalka John Sulston Marc Tessier-Lavigne Tim Tully Peter Vogt Oral History Collection supported by Gladys Brooks Foundation Richard Lounsbery Foundation CSHL Library & Archives About the project Contact Us Acknowledgements Feedback Copyright © 2016 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line47
__label__cc	0.592102	0.407898	Zeena and Mattie, portraits of antifeminist characters in Edith Whartons Ethan Frome Category: Ethan Frome When she wrote Ethan Frome, Edith Wharton used her pen rather than her fist to reflect her feminist values. In the novel, Ethan Frome written by Edith Wharton, feminist ideals, principles, and problems are demonstrated in the societal dictations that shape the lives of the characters, the pitting of a woman against a woman, and Wharton's strangely antifeminist characters. Several societal concepts such as these combined to bring Mattie into the Frome household; the idea that a woman should not be allowed to work alone to support herself, the gap left in a home when there is no female figure to fill the domestic role or the female figure is incapable of fulfilling her role, as Zeena was unable to do. There were two jobs that needed to be done in Ethan's world: the first job, the job of the man, was being the monetary receiver, while the second job, the job of woman, was the idea that she should focus her attention on the domestic needs of the household. Because Zeena cannot fulfill her roles, Mattie was brought in, creating an unbalanced, and eventually disastrous, home life. Ultimately, Ethan, Zeena, and Mattie all suffer from the entrance of Mattie into the marital life of Ethan and Zeena. This suffering is a direct result of society's pressure on Mattie to rely on her family rather than herself. In Wharton's Ethan Frome, women took the lower position they were assigned and then fought against each other, accomplishing the men's idea of inferiority and subservience. By working against one another, Mattie and Zeena are working for men's expectations: that they will simply care for the man of the house, rely on him completely, while they have nothing of their own and nothing that they do simply for themselves. In the novel, Ethan spends all day working on the farm and bringing in the money to run the household. While he is gone, Mattie cooks his meals and does other household chores but is essentially just sitting around waiting for him to return. As a character, Zeena is strangely antifeminist due to her insistence on work being done for her because she believes that she is too weak of body and mind to do it herself. Zeena spends her days in bed, contributing nothing to improve her and Ethan's life together. This means that she is not only completely dependent on Ethan, but she is effectively hurting their livelihood by only taking, not giving anything to help them both. Feminists believe that women can do whatever work men can do equally well, so by relying on Ethan to do the work she has deemed herself incapable of doing, Zeena is flouting feminist principle. By needing, not just wanting, a man to take care of her, in the main body of the novel, Zeena is an antifeminist character. The other lady of Ethan Frome, Mattie, is also not who one would consider to be a strong, feminist character. Mattie relies on the charity of others to survive, and when that charity dries up; she believes she has no resources off of which to live. Crippled, querulous, damned, she is transformed into the proper inhabitant of Starkfield. As a person, Mattie is incomplete in herself: she has earned nothing in her life except for the love of a man who can never be hers. Edith Wharton created antifeminist characters and by having those characters fail, she is able to express her message of independence leading to happiness, something that none of her characters achieved. In the feminist view, women should all be working together, helping each other out, as they are working towards the same goals. Instead of striving towards similar goals or attempting to further the position of the other, Zeena and Mattie continually beat each other down, in that quiet, manipulative way that women often do. Mattie acquires the love of Zeena's husband, which causes Zeena to expel Mattie from her house and send her away. From a feminist perspective, Mattie and Zeena are fighting over that which they should be fighting against, not only society but also a man. Popularity of Soccer History Coursework – Arab Israeli Conflict Art Appreciation Exam 2 Failure is a better teacher than success National Human Resource Development Strategy Fundamentals Of Macroeconomics Paper Essay Participation – Citizenship Coursework Corporate Social Responsibility task	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line49
__label__wiki	0.515886	0.515886	Title XXX DOMESTIC RELATIONS 452.413. Military deployment, child custody and visitation, effect of — nondeploying parent requirements — procedure — failure to comply, effect of. — 1. As used in this section, the following terms shall mean: (1) "Deploying parent", a parent of a child less than eighteen years of age whose parental rights have not been terminated by a court of competent jurisdiction or a guardian of a child less than eighteen years of age who is deployed or who has received written orders to deploy with the United States Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Guard, or any other reserve component thereof; (2) "Deployment", military service in compliance with military orders received by a member of the United States Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Guard, or any other reserve component thereof to report for combat operations, contingency operations, peacekeeping operations, temporary duty (TDY), a remote tour of duty, or other service for which the deploying parent is required to report unaccompanied by any family member. Military service includes a period during which a military parent remains subject to deployment orders and remains deployed on account of sickness, wounds, leave, or other lawful cause; (3) "Military parent", a parent of a child less than eighteen years of age whose parental rights have not been terminated by a court of competent jurisdiction or a guardian of a child less than eighteen years of age who is a service member of the United States Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Guard, or any other reserve component thereof; (4) "Nondeploying parent", a parent or guardian not subject to deployment. 2. If a military parent is required to be separated from a child due to deployment, a court shall not enter a final order modifying the terms establishing custody or visitation contained in an existing order until ninety days after the deployment ends unless there is a written agreement by both parties. 3. In accordance with section 452.412, deployment or the potential for future deployment shall not be the sole factor supporting a change in circumstances or grounds sufficient to support a permanent modification of the custody or visitation terms established in an existing order. 4. (1) An existing order establishing the terms of custody or visitation in place at the time a military parent is deployed may be temporarily modified to make reasonable accommodation for the parties due to the deployment. (2) A temporary modification order issued under this section shall provide that the deploying parent shall have custody of the child or reasonable visitation, whichever is applicable under the original order, during a period of leave granted to the deploying parent, unless it is not in the best interest of the child. (3) Any court order modifying a previously ordered custody or visitation due to deployment shall specify that the deployment is the basis for the order and shall be entered by the court as a temporary order. (4) Any such temporary custody or visitation order shall require the nondeploying parent to provide the court and the deploying parent with written notice of the nondeploying parent's address and telephone number, and update such information within seven days of any change. However, if a valid order of protection under chapter 455 from this or another jurisdiction is in effect that requires that the address or contact information of the parent who is not deployed be kept confidential, the notification shall be made to the court only, and a copy of the order shall be included in the notification. Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to eliminate the requirements under section 452.377. (5) Upon motion of a deploying parent, with reasonable advance notice and for good cause shown, the court shall hold an expedited hearing in any custody or visitation matters instituted under this section when the military duties of the deploying parent have a material effect on his or her ability or anticipated ability to appear in person at a regularly scheduled hearing. 5. (1) A temporary modification of such an order automatically ends no later than thirty days after the return of the deploying parent and the original terms of the custody or visitation order in place at the time of deployment are automatically reinstated. (2) Nothing in this section shall limit the power of the court to conduct an expedited or emergency hearing regarding custody or visitation upon return of the deploying parent, and the court shall do so within ten days of the filing of a motion alleging an immediate danger or irreparable harm to the child. (3) The nondeploying parent shall bear the burden of showing that reentry of the custody or visitation order in effect before the deployment is no longer in the child's best interests. The court shall set any nonemergency motion by the nondeploying parent for hearing within thirty days of the filing of the motion. 6. (1) Upon motion of the deploying parent or upon motion of a family member of the deploying parent with his or her consent, the court may delegate his or her visitation rights, or a portion of such rights, to a family member with a close and substantial relationship to the minor child or children for the duration of the deployment if it is in the best interest of the child. (2) Such delegated visitation time or access does not create an entitlement or standing to assert separate rights to parent time or access for any person other than a parent, and shall terminate by operation of law upon the end of the deployment, as set forth in this section. (3) Such delegated visitation time shall not exceed the visitation time granted to the deploying parent under the existing order; except that, the court may take into consideration the travel time necessary to transport the child for such delegated visitation time. (4) In addition, there is a rebuttable presumption that a deployed parent's visitation rights shall not be delegated to a family member who has a history of perpetrating domestic violence as defined under section 455.010 against another family or household member, or delegated to a family member with an individual in the family member's household who has a history of perpetrating domestic violence against another family or household member. (5) The person or persons to whom delegated visitation time has been granted shall have full legal standing to enforce such rights. 7. Upon motion of a deploying parent and upon reasonable advance notice and for good cause shown, the court shall permit such parent to present testimony and evidence by affidavit or electronic means in support, custody, and visitation matters instituted under this section when the military duties of such parent have a material effect on his or her ability to appear in person at a regularly scheduled hearing. Electronic means includes communication by telephone, video conference, or the internet. 8. Any order entered under this section shall require that the nondeploying parent: (1) Make the child or children reasonably available to the deploying parent when the deploying parent has leave; (2) Facilitate opportunities for telephonic and electronic mail contact between the deploying parent and the child or children during deployment; and (3) Receive timely information regarding the deploying parent's leave schedule. 9. (1) If there is no existing order establishing the terms of custody and visitation and it appears that deployment is imminent, upon the filing of initial pleadings and motion by either parent, the court shall expedite a hearing to establish temporary custody or visitation to ensure the deploying parent has access to the child, to ensure disclosure of information, to grant other rights and duties set forth in this section, and to provide other appropriate relief. (2) Any initial pleading filed to establish custody or visitation for a child of a deploying parent shall be so identified at the time of filing by stating in the text of the pleading the specific facts related to deployment. 10. (1) Since military necessity may preclude court adjudication before deployment, the parties shall cooperate with each other in an effort to reach a mutually agreeable resolution of custody, visitation, and child support. (2) A deploying parent shall provide a copy of his or her orders to the nondeploying parent promptly and without delay prior to deployment. Notification shall be made within ten days of receipt of deployment orders. If less than ten days' notice is received by the deploying parent, notice shall be given immediately upon receipt of military orders. If all or part of the orders are classified or restricted as to release, the deploying parent shall provide, under the terms of this subdivision, all such nonclassified or nonrestricted information to the nondeploying parent. 11. In an action brought under this chapter, whenever the court declines to grant or extend a stay of proceedings under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, 50 U.S.C. Appendix Sections 521-522, and decides to proceed in the absence of the deployed parent, the court shall appoint a guardian ad litem to represent the minor child's interests. 12. Service of process on a nondeploying parent whose whereabouts are unknown may be accomplished in accordance with the provisions of section 506.160. 13. In determining whether a parent has failed to exercise visitation rights, the court shall not count any time periods during which the parent did not exercise visitation due to the material effect of such parent's military duties on visitation time. 14. Once an order for custody has been entered in Missouri, any absence of a child from this state during deployment shall be denominated a temporary absence for the purposes of application of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA). For the duration of the deployment, Missouri shall retain exclusive jurisdiction under the UCCJEA and deployment shall not be used as a basis to assert inconvenience of the forum under the UCCJEA. 15. In making determinations under this section, the court may award attorney's fees and costs based on the court's consideration of: (1) The failure of either party to reasonably accommodate the other party in custody or visitation matters related to a military parent's service; (2) Unreasonable delay caused by either party in resolving custody or visitation related to a military parent's service; (3) Failure of either party to timely provide military orders, income, earnings, or payment information, housing or education information, or physical location of the child to the other party; and (4) Other factors as the court may consider appropriate and as may be required by law. (L. 2013 H.B. 148 merged with S.B. 106 merged with S.B. 110 merged with S.B. 117) Effective 8-28-13 (H.B. 148); 8-28-13 (S.B. 106); 8-28-13 (S.B. 117); 10-11-13 (S.B. 110) S.B. 110 effective 10-11-13, see § 21.250. S.B. 110 was vetoed July 3, 2013. The veto was overridden on September 11, 2013.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line58
__label__wiki	0.574839	0.574839	Copyright law, case III CSK 30/11 Helena Miazek is a well known Polish folk artist and creator of paper cuts that are based on the long tradition of Łowicz region. Wawel S.A. is a Polish manufacturer of sweets. The company used different graphics with folk elements on its products. Helena Miazek and Stowarzyszenie Twórców Ludowych in Lublin (The Folk Artists Association – a collecting society) sued Wawel for copyright infringement. The suit included a claim in which the Association demanded Wawel to provide information concerning the use of paper cuts on packaging products. Wawel argued that it has commissioned other artists to create these graphics. The District and the Appeallate Court dismissed the suit as unfounded. Both courts deemed the society as the entrepreneur which was obliged to prove that a particular copyrighted work was used without permission of the owner. The Association and Helena Miazek filed a cassation complaint. The Supreme Court in its judgment of 17 October 2011 case file III CSK 30/11 repealed the contested decision and returned it to the Appellate Court for further reconsideration. The Court had to decide on the nature of information claim afforded in Article 105(2) of the Polish Act of 4 February 1994 on Authors Rights and Neighbouring Rights – ARNR – (in Polish: ustawa o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych), published in Journal of Laws (Dziennik Ustaw) No 24, item 83, consolidated text of 16 May 2006, Journal of Laws (Dziennik Ustaw) No 90, item 631 with subsequent amendments. Art. 105. 1. The collecting society shall be presumed qualified to carry out the administration and protection of rights in the areas of exploitation in which its administration is conducted, and to engage in judicial proceedings associated therewith. This presumption may not be invoked where two or more collection societys claim competence in respect of one and the same work or performance. 2. In the course of its activity the collecting society may demand that information be communicated to it and that documents that are essential for the calculation of the amount of remuneration and fees that it claims be delivered to it. Earlier Supreme Court case law is not too rich when it comes to this issue. The Supreme Court in its judgment of 8 December 2000 case file I CKN 971/98 published in OSNC 2001/6/97, pointed out that the provision included in Article 105(2) of the ARNR is a legal norm of substantive law, and the right of collecting societies to protect authors rights and neighbouring rights, exempts it from the obligation to provide the authority to represent, both in the trial for payment, or in any trial for disclosure of information and documents. The Supreme Court in its order of 17 September 2009 case file III CZP 57/09 held that the proceedings for disclosure of information and documentation is a new legal tool. The Court ruled that in the doctrine of civil law, it is reasonably assumed that if the right is strictly defined and concretized in terms of its content and subject, and when this right is merged with the obligation of another entity, then such a legal norm is substantive in its nature and in case of evasion by the bounded entity from the performance of an obligation imposed on it, the right takes the form of a claim which may be enforced through the courts. For instance, the claim to disclosure of information has the auxiliary nature under the contractual relationship between the collecting society and the producers and importers of tape recorders, video recorders and other similar apparatus, or blank material for the recording of works with the aid of such apparatus for personal and private use, and also of reprographic apparatus who are obliged to pay remuneration fees, for the benefit of the creators and performers of the said works and of the producers of phonograms and videograms. These creators and performers are represented in such cases only by the collection society. Such informational claim, which addressed to the same bounded entities, was created to ensure the proper execution of the basic right to equitable remuneration. Information and documents obtained during the trail are the basis for determining the amount of the fees enjoyed by collecting society, regardless of whether the society intends to pursue these fees in court. The Supreme Court in the case of Helena Miazek and and Stowarzyszenie Twórców Ludowych in Lublin decided that the informational claim also applies to information concerning the use of certain works by a third party. See also “Polish regulations on copyright” and “Polish case law on copyright“. Categories: Art. 1 ARNR \| Art. 104 ARNR \| Art. 105 ARNR \| Art. 8(3) ARNR \| collecting society \| copyright infringement \| copyright law \| informational claim \| Polish Act on Authors Rights and Neighbouring Rights \| Polish courts \| Polish Supreme Administrative Court \| remuneration fee.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line59
__label__wiki	0.637407	0.637407	August 8, 2021 Uncategorizedpresidencies Special thanks to Steve Guerra of the History of the Papacy and Beyond the Big Screen podcasts for providing the intro quote for this episode, and special thanks to Andrew Pfannkuche for his audio editing work on this episode! Ambrose, Stephen E. Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Lewis, Thomas Jefferson, and the Opening of the American West. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997 [1996]. Chipman, Donald E, and Harriet Denise Joseph. Spanish Texas, 1519-1821, Revised Edition. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2011 [2009]. Fellman, David. “Habeas Corpus.” Hall, Kermit L, etc, eds. The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992. pp. 357-358. Harrison, Lowell H. John Breckinridge: Jeffersonian Republican. Louisville, KY: The Filson Club, 1969. Hatfield, Joseph T. William Claiborne: Jeffersonian Centurion in the American Southwest. Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana at Lafayette Press, 1976. Jefferson, Thomas. “Notes on a Cabinet Meeting, 22 October 1806,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-4462. [Last Accessed: 9 Jul 2021] Jefferson, Thomas. “Notes on a Cabinet Meeting, 24 October 1806,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-4465. [Last Accessed: 12 Jul 2021] Jefferson, Thomas. “Proclamation re Military Expeditions against Spain, 27 November 1806,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-4597. [Last Accessed: 14 Jul 2021] Lester, Malcolm. Anthony Merry Redivivus: A Reappraisal of the British Minister to the United States, 1803-6. Charlottesvile, VA: University Press of Virginia, 1978. Lewis, James E, Jr. The Burr Conspiracy: Uncovering the Story of an Early American Crisis. Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2017. Lewis, Meriwether. “To Thomas Jefferson, 23 September 1806,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-4310. [Last Accessed: 20 Jun 2021] Linklater, Andro. An Artist in Treason: The Extraordinary Double Life of General James Wilkinson. New York: Walker Publishing Co, 2009. Masterson, William H. Tories and Democrats: British Diplomats in Pre-Jacksonian America. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press, 1985. McMichael, Andrew. Atlantic Loyalties: Americans in Spanish West Florida 1785-1810. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2008. Moulton, Gary E. The Lewis and Clark Expedition Day by Day. Lincoln, NE and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2018. Stewart, David O. American Emperor: Aaron Burr’s Challenge to Jefferson’s America. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011. Thorning, Joseph F. Miranda: World Citizen. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 1967. Withey, Lynne. Dearest Friend: A Life of Abigail Adams. New York & London: Simon & Schuster, 2002 [1981]. Zacks, Richard. The Pirate Coast: Thomas Jefferson, the First Marines, and the Secret Mission of 1805. New York: Hyperion, 2005. Featured Image: “Le général Louise-Marie Turreau (1756-1816), lors de l’affaire de Gravière (8 prairial, an VIII – 21 mai 1800)” by Louis Hersent [c. 1800], courtesy of Wikipedia ← 3.33 – Glimmers of Hope SATT 002 – Henry Knox →	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line64
__label__wiki	0.948938	0.948938	Photographic Print of Manchester City - 1904 FA Cup Winners Manchester City - 1904 FA Cup Winners Football - 1903 / 1904 season - Manchester City Team Group They defeated Bolton Wanderers 1-0 in the 1904 FA Cup Final at Crystal Palace on 23/4/04. Billy Meredith and Alexander Sandy Turnbull with the trophy Both later played for Manchester United. Football - 1903 / 1904 season - Manchester City Team Group They defeated Bolton Wanderers 1-0 in the 1904 FA Cup Final at Crystal Palace on 23/4/04. Billy Meredith and Alexander Sandy Turnbull with the trophy Both later played for Manchester United	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line65
__label__cc	0.610205	0.389795	Amigos de Jaltemba Intro • Our Project Committees • How You Can Help Los Amigos de Jaltemba is a community service organization comprised of residents, both Mexican and Ex-Pats, who live and work in the several communities surrounding Jaltemba Bay. Los Amigos is responsible for and actively engaged in several community efforts to improve and enhance the lives of the people who live in the Jaltemba Bay area. Jaltemba Bay is situated on the West coast of the Pacific Ocean approximately 60 kilometers North of Puerto Vallarta in the State of Nayarit. This area, which encompasses about 100 miles of coastline, is now referred to as "Riviera Nayarit." We like to think that Jaltemba Bay is the "Jewel" in the crown of the "Riviera Nayarit." The several communities which lie along the shores of Jaltemba Bay make up a diverse but delightful string of colorful and eclectic towns. They are, from South to North, Los Ayala, Rincon de Guayabitos, La Peñita de Jaltemba and La Colonia. Los Amigos de Jaltemba Project Committees Education Committee: Our Education Committee has completed a number of projects at local schools – ranging from repairing a wall that was a danger to students to building an entirely new kindergarten. Goals are to provide better education in our community, to empower parents and teachers to help their children to a better education, and to develop leadership skills of students, parents and teachers. The Education Committee initiates a process in January of each year in which all of the schools in La Peñita and La Colonia and each year and asks them to both participate in the work of the Committee and to submit projects for consideration for funding. The Committee then prioritizes the projects through a process which involved the Parent’s Council from each school, as well the Director (or a representative) from each school. The initiative also has another more lasting benefit. It has empowered parents by not only having them set the priorities in terms of funding but also by assisting them to initiate their own funding activities. Their major fundraiser is the annual Gran Bazar which takes place each Fall.. Besides undertaking fundraising, parents are providing volunteer labour and, along with local businesses, contributing supplies. Parents are required to contribute 20% of the cost of every project. The Committee also carries out classroom based projects, implementing an annual art contest which is designed to help motivate students. For more information, send Saul Duran Bernal an email, johan.skana@gmail.com. The Plastics Recycling Program that Los Amigos first put in place in 2008 continues to gain momentum. What began as purely a school-based program covering only La Peñita has now been expanded to the community at large and the coverage area has been expanded to include Guayabitos and Los Ayala. We are now collecting an average of 4,000 kilos of plastics each month. Beginning in February, 2011 we have now started to collect cardboard for recycling as well. The driver (Tavo) picks up at various business, bungalows and hotels and will now collect cardboard if left beside the existing baskets on the streets. Collection days: Guayabitos – Tuesdays Los Ayala – Tuesdays La Peñita – Wednesdays La Colonia – Wednesdays Individuals are asked to put out the cardboard only on collection days and break down boxes if at all possible. Students are asked to bring their plastics to school each Thursday. Los Amigos then arranges for the plastics to be picked up each Friday. The Recycling Committee of Los Amigos is always looking for volunteers to help with the Basket Making Workshops. For more information, send Carol Wallace an email, sallypresent@gmail.com. Tianguis Project: Look for the Los Amigos booth at Thursday's Tianguis in La Peñita and select one of our new t-shirts – great for you, great gifts! Come by to say hello and find out more about the work of Los Amigos. Los Amigos de La Peñita maintains the booth throughout the winter season. In 2010 we improved the kiosk in such a way as to provide each of our committees with a more graphic display of their key messages to the public. We have also made a concerted effort to maximize public exposure to our critical activities and to formalize our kiosk operation into an operating committee of Los Amigos. This kiosk continues to provide an excellent venue to help raise funds. For more information, send Peter Martin an email, bobpeter1@gmail.com. Scholarships: In support of the objective of the Los Amigos de La Peñita Scholarship Program, the mission is to encourage students to participate in local activities, to develop community leaders, to provide educational support to local young people and to encourage young students to participate in the Los Amigos de La Peñita organization. A total of 36 students have been selected to receive scholarships from Los Amigos for the 2011/12 school year. They were selected from the 89 individuals who applied. All of these young people have committed to doing volunteer work on various community projects. For more information, send Zobeida Barrera Lozano an email, zobeidab@hotmail.com. Economic Development: The Jaltemba Economic Development Initiative Committee is working on a number of initiatives to attract jobs to the Jaltemba Bay area. They have embarked on a Buy Local Campaign producing shopping bags, posters and a weekly flyer advertising specials at local merchants – all designed to encourage both seasonal and local residents to do more of their shopping in Jaltemba Bay. They are also working to attract a major employer to Jaltemba Bay to produce additional value-added agricultural products. The goal of the Jaltemba Economic Development Initiative (JEDI) Committee is to create employment by attracting for-profit corporations, non-profit ventures, government grants or a combination of the three, that would create year-round job opportunities for women and their families. For more information, send Agneta Dyck an email, agneta@pathways-training.com. EcoPark & Community Liason: On February 25, 2010 Señor Gobernador Ney González Sánchez, Governor of the State of Nayarit officially opened “Unidad Deportiva Corazon de La Riviera”, formerly (and still unofficially) known as the EcoPark. The park contains a soccer field, basketball court, volleyball courts, a playground and a walking track. There are covered stands, washrooms and a grand entrance. It has become a focal point for the community and a center for community events. Less than two years earlier, the "park" was a rock strewn field with a beat-up basketball court and some rusted playground equipment. The park is located in Colonia Pescadores at the corner of corner of C. Mazatlan and B. Acapulco. Los Amigos sees the park as a "thank you" to the children of the community for their participation in our Recycling Program. Los Amigos was pleased to work in cooperation with the merchants who contributed supplies, the Delegacion, the local Rotary Club and the many dedicated neighbours who pitched in to help make this project a reality. For more information, send Johan Nielsen an email, johan.skana@gmail.com. Clean-up Committee: In order to better promote La Peñita to national and international tourists and in order to instill community pride among La Peñita residents, the Los Amigos Cleanup Committee made "Clean La Peñita Beach Campaign" their priority project. The Clean-Up Committee has initiated a number of activities. A drive was organized to clean the lateral from Bancomer to the Tukkan Restaurant. Merchants donated 100 pesos each and individuals from the Rehabilitation Centre were hired to do the work. Palm trees were painted, the streets were cleaned and the curbs were painted. At least partly as a result of lobbying from Los Amigos, two new garbage trucks were provided to La Peñita, 30 new garbage cans in place on Avenida Emiliano Zapata, and a city bylaw was passed to fine anyone responsible for improper discarding of garbage. For more information, send Roberto Gil de Montes an email, echopk@mac.com. How You Can Help Los Amigos de Jaltemba Become a Member – Join a Committee – Get involved – Donate your time and/or money. We can use your help. Click the button above to make a donation to the Los Amigos de Jaltemba PayPal account. Email us with your name, address, telephone number if you have one, and tell us how you would like to help out. Do you want to join Los Amigos? Our bylaws make you a full member upon attending your second meeting. You can print our membership application by clicking here and bring it to a general meeting or a meeting of one of our Committees. Now it's easy to support the work of Los Amigos. By clicking on the link above, you can securely donate funds to the organization through PayPal. Please note that the donation will be in pesos. You can specify which initiative you want your monies to support – or you can make a general donation and let the organization determine where the funds can best be put to use. If you want to direct your donation to a specific initiative, simply indicate this in the "Special Instructions" field. Thanks in advance for your generosity. Again, please note that your contribution is in Mexican Pesos and not Dollars. Being a Partner for Change can have a different meaning and application to each of us depending on our role, our location, our clients, our relationships. But no matter where you are or who you are, you can be a Partner for Change. Click here to get started today. Jaltemba Bay Animal Rescue Seeks Year End Donations Jaltemba Bay Animal Rescue Due to the lack of fundraising events since the pandemic began, funds are at an all time low. Work is underway to increase activity to potentially host a clinic in early Spring. Read more >>> Contact Los Amigos de Jaltemba 327-274-2900 (for English) 327-274-0268 (for Spanish) Jaltemba Bay, Nayarit Tell a Friend About Los Amigos de Jaltemba Get Updates About Los Amigos de Jaltemba Que?Pasa Restaurant & Bar supports the efforts of La Brigada de La Basura	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line69
__label__wiki	0.912749	0.912749	INDIANA FOOTBALL GAME NOTES VS. OHIO STATE Oct 20, 2021 \| BIG 10 SPORTS, COLLEGE FOOTBALL, FOOTBALL, INDIANA FOOTBALL, PREVIEWS, SPORTS NEWS AND SCORES INDIANA NOTES: BLOOMINGTON, Ind. – The Indiana football program will square off with No. 5/5 Ohio State under the light in front of a sold-out crowd inside Memorial Stadium on Saturday, October 23. The Hoosiers and Buckeyes will kick off at 7:30 p.m. on ABC. No. 5/5 OHIO STATE (5-1, 3-0 Big Ten) at INDIANA (2-4, 0-3 Big Ten) Saturday, Oct. 23 \| 7 p.m. ET TV: ABC \| RADIO: Indiana Hoosiers Sports Network • Indiana (2-4, 0-3 B1G East) wraps up its two-game homestand against No. 5/5 Ohio State (5-1, 3-0 B1G East) on Saturday, Oct. 23. Kickoff is set for 7:30 p.m. ET at Memorial Stadium (52,656; FieldTurf) on ABC. • The Buckeyes are the Hoosiers fifth ranked opponent and fourth Top-10 foe in seven games. • IU held No. 10 Michigan State to 20 points, 100 rushing yards, 141 passing yards, and 241 total yards last weekend. MSU came into the game averaging 36.7 points, 217.2 rushing, 269,7 passing, and 486.8 total yards. • Ty Fryfogle became the 11th Hoosier to reach 2,000 receiving yards against the Spartans. • He ranks 10th in yardage (2,056), eighth in receptions (145), and T-10th in touchdowns (14) in IU lore. • Peyton Hendershot needs four catches (114) and 95 yards (1,242) to set the program marks for a tight end. • Hendershot is second with 11 TDs, trailing Ted Bolser’s 15 (2010-13). • Saturday’s game is IU’s second sellout of the season (Cincinnati). • The 2020 American Football Coaches Association National Coach of the Year, Tom Allen is 26-26 (.500) in his fifth season as Indiana head football coach. His 24 wins over his first four years are the most for an IU head coach during that span. Allen was also named the 2020 Hayes-Schembechler Coach of the Year (Big Ten coaches vote) and the Dave McClain Coach of the Year (Big Ten media vote). (full bio on page 15) • Ryan Day is in his third season as Ohio State head coach. He posted a 3-0 record as the Buckeyes acting head coach to open 2018 and owns a 28-3 overall mark (.903), including a perfect 18-0 Big Ten record. • Indiana is 16-11 overall and 11-8 in Big Ten play since the start of 2019. • The Hoosiers have won 11 of their last 17 league games. • IU was ranked in the 2021 preseason for the first time since 1969. • Indiana appeared in both the Associated Press Top 25 and the USA TODAY Sports AFCA Coaches Poll for the 11th-straight week, a program record. • The team voted WR Ty Fryfogle, TE Peyton Hendershot, LB Cam Jones, DB Marcelino McCrary-Ball, LB Micah McFadden, and QB Michael Penix Jr. season captains. • Jones, McCrary-Ball, McFadden, and Penix were also 2020 captains. • The Hoosiers (6-2, 6-1 Big Ten) finished the 2020 season with a No. 12 final rating from the Associated Press, their highest final ranking since 1967 (No. 4). • IU’s 11 B1G wins over 2019-20 tied for the most in school history over a two-year span (1987-88). • Indiana has played in consecutive January bowl games (2020 TaxSlayer Gator Bowl and 2021 Outback Bowl) for the first time in school history. • Tom Allen reached win No. 25 in his 48th career game to become the third-fastest in program history to 25 victories behind James M. Sheldon (40 games) and James H. Horne (46 games). OHIO STATE NOTES: FIRST AND TEN Ohio State, off last weekend, travels to Bloomington, Ind., for a 7:30 p.m. game against the Indiana Hoosiers that ABC will televise to a national audience. This is the 95th game in the all-time series and Ohio State holds a 76-12-5 advantage. Ohio State has won 25 consecutive in the series, but … f Indiana is making things a little too interesting – as in uncomfortably interesting – for Ohio State of late. Consider: 52-49 in 2012; 42-27 in 2014; 34-27 in 2015; 49-26 in 2018; and 42-35 last year. Indiana’s last wins over Ohio State: back-to-back in 1987 (31-10) and 1988 (41-7). The ’87 win snapped a 23-game Ohio State win streak over the Hoosiers. The two teams tied, 27-all, in 1990. Last year, both teams were ranked in the AP Top 10. Ohio State led at one point 35-7 and held on for a 42-35 win. Indiana rallied behind Michael Penix (491 passing yards and 5 TDs). Fifth-year Ohio State OC Kevin Wilson was IU’s head coach for six years, from 2011-16. He led his final two Hoosier teams to bowl games. The teams next meet on 10-29-22 in Columbus. Ohio State has won three consecutive games since a 35-28 home loss to Oregon in Week 2 of the season, and it comes back from its off weekend with a 5-1 overall record and 3-0 mark in the Big Ten. Two of its three conference wins have come on the road. f The Buckeyes are averaging 54.5 points in the last four games and are giving up just 14.2. The Buckeyes have outscored – 152-40 – and outgained – 587.0 ypg-303.0 – the last three opponents by considerable margins. Over the last three games – in wins over Akron, Rutgers and Maryland – Ohio State has given up just five touchdowns. The Buckeyes have not allowed a rushing touchdown since Week 2 against Oregon and are allowing just 79.0 yards per game on the ground over the last four games. Ohio State possesses one of the top offenses in college football. The Buckeyes rank nationally No. 1 in total offense (562.7), No. 2 in scoring (48.5), No. 8 in passing (352.2) and No. 22 in rushing (211.0). The Buckeyes are also tied for fifth nationally in scrimmage plays of at least 50 yards with nine of them by four players (TreVeyon Henderson – 4; Garrett Wilson – 2; Chris Olave – 1; and Miyan Williams – 1). The Buckeyes defense, after allowing an average of 471.3 yards and 28.7 points through the first three games of the season, has lowered those averages considerable in the last three weeks to current cumulative averages of 387.3 yards and 20.5 points. Ohio State’s defense has improved by 49 positions in scoring defense and by 34 in total defense the past three weekends. Ohio State’s defense is second nationally in passes defended (43; 34 PBUs and 9 INTs). Twenty-one of Ohio State’s 22 trips into the red zone have resulted in points – 11th nationally; 95.45 pct. – with 17 touchdowns (nine rushes; eight passes). Ohio State is T3rd nationally with 46 plays from scrimmage of at least 20 yards (7.6 per game). The Buckeyes had 11 such plays vs. Oregon, nine vs. Akron and eight against both Rutgers and Maryland. SCOUTING INDIANA Indiana fell to 2-4 last Saturday after a 20-15 loss to No. 10 Michigan State in Bloomington. All four of Indiana’s losses have come to team’s that are currently ranked in the Associated Press top 10: Iowa, Penn State, Cincinnati and Michigan State. Jack Tuttle started at quarterback against the Spartans for an injured Michael Pennix Jr. and completed 28 of 25 passes for 188 yards and two interceptions. Ty Fryfogle, the 2020 Big Ten Wide Receiver of the Year, caught a game-high seven passes. He is Indiana’s leading receiver this season with totals of 33 catches for 337 yards and one touchdown. Stephen Carr leads the Hoosiers in rushing with 439 yards on 121 carries and four touchdowns. He’s averaging 73.2 yards per game. On defense, Indiana ranks 37th nationally in total yards given up (334.8 per game) and is 18th in third down conversion defense, allowing opponents to convert just 31.7 percent of the time. Linebacker and All-Big Ten performer Micah McFaddan leads the team in tackles (36), tackles for loss (9.0) and sacks (3.5). He also has two pass breakups, four quarterback hurries, two forced fumbles and a fumble recovery.	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line71
__label__wiki	0.507417	0.507417	Praluent® (alirocumab) significantly reduced risk of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients, and was associated with lower death rate ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial met its primary endpoint, demonstrating that high-risk patients who added Praluent® (alirocumab) to maximally-tolerated statins experienced significantly fewer major adverse cardiovascular events compared to those on maximally-tolerated statins alone For the first time, adding a lipid-lowering therapy to maximally-tolerated statins was associated with reduced death from any cause More pronounced effect observed in patients with baseline LDL-C levels at or above despite maximally-tolerated statins, who are at high risk of suffering a future event; in this group, Praluent reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events by 24% and was associated with a 29% lower risk of death overall In this 18,924-patient, long-term trial, the safety profile of Praluent was consistent with previous trials and no new safety issues were observed LAVAL, QC, March 10, 2018 /CNW Telbec/ - Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. today announced that the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial met its primary endpoint, showing Praluent® (alirocumab) significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients who had suffered a recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event such as a heart attack. Results from the trial was presented today during a late-breaker session at the American College of Cardiology's 67th Annual Scientific Session (ACC.18) in Orlando, Florida and are available here. Key findings include: On the primary endpoint, Praluent reduced the overall risk of MACE by 15% (HR=0.85, CI: 0.78-0.93, p=0.0003). The MACE composite endpoint includes patients who experienced a heart attack, ischemic stroke, death from coronary heart disease (CHD), or unstable angina requiring hospitalization. Praluent was also associated with a lower risk of death overall, known as "all-cause mortality" (HR=0.85; CI: 0.73-0.98, nominal p=0.026), and there were also numerically fewer CHD deaths (HR=0.92; CI: 0.76-1.11, p=0.38). In a pre-specified analysis, the patients with baseline LDL-C levels at or above 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) experienced a more pronounced effect from Praluent, reducing their risk of MACE by 24% (HR=0.76, CI: 0.65-0.87). In a post-hoc analysis of this group, Praluent was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause by 29% (HR=0.71, CI: 0.56-0.90). The analyses described above include the results from 730 patients (8%) in the Praluent group who continued to be assessed in the Praluent arm despite stopping active Praluent therapy, as specified in the protocol for patients with persistent LDL-C readings below 15 mg/dL. For those in the Praluent treatment arm, approximately 75% of patient time was on the 75 mg dose. There were no new safety signals in the trial, with injection site reactions experienced more commonly in the Praluent group compared to patients on maximally-tolerated statins alone (3.8% Praluent; 2.1% placebo). There was no difference in neurocognitive events (1.5% Praluent; 1.8% placebo) or new-onset diabetes (9.6% Praluent; 10.1% placebo). "This trial was consistent with earlier statin trials, showing the greatest benefit in patients with higher cholesterol levels at baseline," said George D. Yancopoulos, M.D., Ph.D., President and Chief Scientific Officer, Regeneron. "Many patients who have survived a recent heart attack or other coronary event are unable to reach an LDL cholesterol goal of less than 100 mg/dL, and have an urgent need for new therapeutic options because of their increased risk of another event. In this trial, such patients who received Praluent on top of maximally-tolerated statins had important reductions in their risk." "Not all patients with heart disease are the same. Through this trial, we have been able to identify high-risk patients treated with optimal statins who still have an urgent need for additional treatment options," said Elias Zerhouni, M.D., President, Global R&D, Sanofi. "With nearly 90 percent of the patients in this trial on high-intensity statins, the data demonstrate that a precision-medicine approach in the field of cardiovascular disease may further advance how we better treat high-risk patients." "The results of this study, the only one specifically designed to evaluate the long-term clinical benefit of Praluent initiation with patients post acute coronary syndrome, demonstrate the value that Praluent can bring to the health of those who are unable to reach their LDL-C health goals," claimed Niven Al-Khoury, President, Sanofi Canada. "With over 60 years of experience working to understand and support the healthcare needs of patients, bringing valuable solutions is core to our purpose." About ODYSSEY OUTCOMES ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (n=18,924) assessed the effect of Praluent on the occurrence of MACE in patients who had experienced an ACS between 1-12 months (median 2.6 months) before enrolling in the trial, and who were already on maximally-tolerated statins. All patients were randomized to receive Praluent (n=9,462) or a placebo (n=9,462) and were treated for an average (median) of 2.8 years, with some patients being treated for up to five years. Approximately 90% of patients were on a high-intensity statin. The trial was designed to maintain patients' LDL-C levels between 25-50 mg/dL (0.6 -1.3 mmol/L), using two different doses of Praluent (75 mg and 150 mg). Praluent-treated patients started the trial on 75 mg every 2 weeks, and switched to 150 mg every 2 weeks if their LDL-C levels remained above 50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) (n=2,615). Some patients who switched to 150 mg switched back to 75 mg if their LDL-C fell below 25 mg/dL (0.6 mmol/L) (n=805), and patients who experienced two consecutive LDL-C measurements below 15 mg/dL (0.4 mmol/L) while on the 75 mg dose (n=730) stopped active Praluent therapy for the remainder of the trial. About Praluent Praluent inhibits the binding of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) to the LDL receptor and thereby increases the number of available LDL receptors on the surface of liver cells, which lowers LDL-C levels in the blood. The use of Praluent to reduce the risk of MACE is investigational and has not been evaluated by any regulatory agency. Praluent is approved in more than 60 countries worldwide, including the U.S., Japan, Canada, Switzerland, Mexico and Brazil, as well as the European Union (EU). This medicinal product is subject to additional monitoring. This will allow quick identification of new safety information. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions. The effect of Praluent on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has not been determined. For the product monograph: http://products.sanofi.ca/en/praluent.pdf About Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc Regeneron (NASDAQ: REGN) is a leading biotechnology company that invents life-transforming medicines for people with serious diseases. Founded and led by physician-scientists for 30 years, our unique ability to repeatedly and consistently translate science into medicine has led to six FDA-approved treatments and over a dozen product candidates, all of which were homegrown in our laboratories. Our medicines and pipeline are designed to help patients with eye disease, heart disease, allergic and inflammatory diseases, pain, cancer, infectious diseases and rare diseases. Regeneron is accelerating and improving the traditional drug development process through its proprietary VelociSuite® technologies, including VelocImmune® to yield optimized fully-human antibodies, and ambitious initiatives such as the Regeneron Genetics Center, one of the largest genetics sequencing efforts in the world. Sanofi (EURONEXT: SAN) (NYSE: SNY) is dedicated to supporting people through their health challenges. We are a global biopharmaceutical company focused on human health. We prevent illness with vaccines, provide innovative treatments to fight pain and ease suffering. We stand by the few who suffer from rare diseases and the millions with long-term chronic conditions. Sanofi entities in Canada employ close to 1,900 people. In 2016 we invested $130 million in R&D in Canada, creating jobs, business and opportunity throughout the country. SOURCE Sanofi Canada For further information: Sanofi Media Relations Contact: Catherine R. Cunningham, C. 514-713-1634, Catherine.cunningham@sanofi.com; NATIONAL Public Relations: Kristin Gable, C. 514-209-0984, KGable@national.ca	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line73
__label__cc	0.579458	0.420542	The University Press Limited (UPL) ISBN: 984 05 1482 2 Cover Type: HB To avail special price for the residents of Bangladesh, please Rani Kanchan Mala and Other Stories: Fairy Tales from Bangladesh By Runa Khan Marre (Author) Publisher(s): The University Press Limited (UPL) First Published: 2000 No. of Pages: 82 Weight (kg): 0.5 UPL Showroom Price: 225.00 BDT Like other Bengali children, the writer Runa Khan Marre heard fairy tales from her old nannies and other household storytellers. Now she has compiled these stories in a simplified English translation for other children to read. Many of the tales are common to both Bangladesh and West Bengal. Some of them may be found in Thakur Mas Jhuli, compiled by D. M. Majumdar. Runa Khan Marre's versions are slightly different, being filtered through the several retellings that these stories have undergone. In common with fairy tales everywhere, these stories are about love, jealousy, bravery, loyalty, nobility, meanness, compassion, and, finally about the triumph of truth and patience. Easy enough for young children to read, they may also be read out to children at bedtime stories. Winner of the Ashoka fellowship award in 1996, for her innovative method of teaching junior school children, Runa Khan Marre's educational books are now amongst the very few of the government approved text books for schools in Bangladesh. These books, which emphasize critical thinking and self-directed learning, have been instrumental in significantly improving student performance. This book features in: Literature and Fiction Short Stories Children's Books School Supplementary Books The Boy Who Loved ... Niaz Zaman Literature in Bang... Niaz Zaman The Escape and Oth... Niaz Zaman	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line77
__label__cc	0.701968	0.298032	For older news headlines, please search the archive. All Posture Statement Press Release VFW at Work Testimony Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Your search for 2013 resulted in 130 results. « 1 2 3 4 5 ... » Season's Greetings from the VFW The VFW sends its warmest season’s greetings to all of our nation’s veterans, service members and their families. As we gather with friends and family over the coming weeks, we remember that it is the sacrifice of our nation’s veterans that keep our traditions alive and well. We celebrate the cherished characteristics of the seaso... VFW Releases 2014 Legislative Priority Goals WASHINGTON – This week the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the U.S. announced its 2014 Legislative Priority Goals for the second session of the 113th Congress. Each year the VFW outlines its priority goals to maintain and improve quality of life and benefit programs for service members, veterans and their families. The 2014 priority goals are ba... VFW Legislative Alert: Help Us Continue to Fight to Remove COLA Penalty Background: Congress passed a budget deal that includes a provision that penalizes working age military retirees younger than 62 by cutting a full one percent from future cost of living adjustments (COLA). VFW calculates that a Gunnery Sergeant or Sergeant First Class (E-7) with 20 years of service would lose more than $80,000 in income by age 62.... VFW Continues Fight to Remove COLA Penalty The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States will continue its fight to remove a proposal in the federal budget deal that unfairly attacks military retirees. The two-year budget deal was passed by the House last week and by the Senate this afternoon. The package is now on its way to the president for his signature. “The VFW has never be... Mount Soledad Cross Under Fire, Again U.S. District Judge Larry Burns has ordered that the 43-foot cross atop Mount Soledad in southern California be removed within the next 90 days. The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States strongly disagrees with the ruling, and aside from supporting an appeal, is now suggesting a possible solution that is more inclusive of all beliefs. The V... VFW Takes COLA Fight to Senate WASHINGTON — The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States is now taking its fight to remove an anti-veteran proposal from a federal budget deal to the Senate. This is necessary because the House of Representatives, by a vote of 332-94 on Thursday, passed a two-year budget deal to fund the government and temporarily end the sequester, ... VA ID Card Alert The VA ID cards issued to veterans when they enroll in the VA health care system contain their Social Security numbers embedded in the bar code. The code can be read by many bar code readers. The VA has known about this security problem for quite some time. See: https://www.va.gov/healthbenefits/access/veteran_identification_card.asp The ... VFW Urges Rejection of Military Retiree COLA Penalty Almost 2 million members of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States and its Auxiliaries are being urged to immediately contact their members of Congress to reject a proposal that would severely penalize working age military retirees. The proposal, introduced by House Budget Committee Chairman Paul Ryan (R-Wisc.) and his counterpa... Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day Message December 7 marks the 72nd anniversary of the deadly attack on Pearl Harbor that resulted in 3,500 Americans casualties. The attack altered America’s destiny and tested the will of the American people like never before. At the time, it was the most shocking and tragic day in our nation’s history. But it was also a day that served to igni... Iraq War Veteran Finds Passion in Helping Veterans VFW Service Officer Vera Moore saw a veteran begging for money on the street by her parents’ house. “He asked for money to help with his medicine. Then he told me about the terrible nightmares he’s been having since the war,” said Moore. “I offered to help him submit a claim for PTSD, but he wanted no part of it. I almost had to drag him into the...	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line78
__label__wiki	0.742843	0.742843	HomeCarolina Golf NetworkUSGA and R&A issue rules decision to limit use of video review USGA and R&A issue rules decision to limit use of video review April 26, 2017 Peter Koutroumpis Carolina Golf Network, Triangle Sports Network, Triangle Sports Roundup FAR HILLS, N.J./ST. ANDREWS, SCOTLAND – The United States Golf Association (USGA) and the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews (R&A) jointly announced on Tuesday a new Decision on the Rules of Golf directed to limit the use of video evidence in the game. The rule was to become “effective immediately”. The two organizations also established a working group of LPGA, PGA Tour, PGA European Tour, Ladies European Tour and PGA of America representatives to immediately begin a comprehensive review of broader video issues, including viewer call-ins, which arise in televised competitions. The new rule, known as Decision 34-3/10, implements two standards for Rules committees to limit the use of video: 1) when video reveals evidence that could not reasonably be seen with the “naked eye,” and 2) when players use their “reasonable judgment” to determine a specific location when applying the Rules. The first standard states, “the use of video technology can make it possible to identify things that could not be seen with the naked eye.” An example includes a player who unknowingly touches a few grains of sand in taking a backswing with a club in a bunker when making a stroke. If the committee concludes that such facts could not reasonably have been seen with the naked eye and the player was not otherwise aware of the potential breach, the player will be deemed not to have breached the Rules, even when video technology shows otherwise. This is an extension of the provision on ball-at-rest-moved cases, which was introduced in 2014. The second standard applies when a player determines a spot, point, position, line, area, distance or other location in applying the Rules, and recognizes that a player should not be held to the degree of precision that can sometimes be provided by video technology. Examples include determining the nearest point of relief or replacing a lifted ball. So long as the player does what can reasonably be expected under the circumstances to make an accurate determination, the player’s reasonable judgment will be accepted, even if later shown to be inaccurate by the use of video evidence. Both of these standards have been extensively discussed as part of the Rules modernization initiative. The USGA and The R&A have decided to enact this Decision immediately because of the many difficult issues arising from video review in televised golf, most recently involving LPGA golfer Lexi Thompson. The standards in the Decision do not change any of the current requirements in the Rules, as the player must still act with care, report all known breaches of the Rules and try to do what is reasonably expected in making an accurate determination when applying the Rules. Video-related topics that require a deeper evaluation by the working group include the use of information from sources other than participants such as phone calls, email or social media, and the application of penalties after a score card has been returned. “This important first step provides officials with tools that can have a direct and positive impact on the game,” USGA executive director Mike Davis said. “We recognize there is more work to be done. Advancements in video technology are enhancing the viewing experience for fans, but can also significantly affect the competition. We need to balance those advances with what is fair for all players when applying the Rules.” The USGA and The R&A will consider additional modifications recommended by the working group for implementation in advance of Jan. 1, 2019, when the new code resulting from the collaborative work to modernize golf’s Rules takes effect. “We have been considering the impact of video review on the game and feel it is important to introduce a Decision to give greater clarity in this area,” chief executive of The R&A Martin Slumbers said. “Golf has always been a game of integrity and we want to ensure that the emphasis remains as much as possible on the reasonable judgment of the player rather than on what video technology can show.” Amateur Golf Lexi Thompson Martin Slumbers PGA European Tour Pro Golf R&A Rule 34-3/10 The Royal and Ancient Club of St. Andrews Carolinas Golf Roundup: Eades claims 2017 Mid-Am title Duke leads 2017 All-ACC men’s lacrosse team selections	cc/2022-05/en_head_0045.json.gz/line80

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