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HC at Dickinson
5 Stories that Prove Living in a Small Dorm Brings You Together
By Emily Fishel and Julia Mercado • Dickinson Contributors October 6, 2016 at 12:00pm
To be honest when housing assignments first came out in August, we had some reservations. We saw that we'd been assigned to one of the smallest dorms on campus and would be living on an all girls’ floor. We thought that not living in a bigger, co-ed dorm like Adams would rob us of the true college experience. However, as the weeks passed, we have grown to embrace the good, the bad, the weird and the really weird things that happen in Cooper and couldn’t be happier to live on our floor.
Elvis Parsley
As First Years, we were informed that we are only allowed to have fish in our dorms as pets, but one day one of us brought home a creature that didn’t exactly fit into that rule. A beautiful green and black-striped caterpillar crawled its way out of the parsley patch by Britton Plaza and into our hearts. Emily found one of our floormates poking around the patch and had hoped to ignore it; however, the girl returned with a red bowl containing parsley and a sweet creature crawling on it. She asked us what to name the caterpillar and we coined him “Elvis Parsley.” Adorable Elvis only stayed with us for a couple of days until we realized that taking care of an animal (even a caterpillar) was hard for us to do, so we returned him to his natural habitat. As a floor, we didn’t feel that it was right to just throw him back into the patch, he had to be given a proper going away ceremony. We each bid Elvis farewell as “Pomp and Circumstance” played in the background. We are now proud to say that Elvis Parsley is the only Class of 2016 graduate of the Dickinson College Parsley Patch (his reach school) with a degree in Eating!
Baby Mice
Domesticating wild animals has become a recurring theme around Cooper. Last weekend, several of us went home, leaving our floor nearly empty. The few remaining residents were bored and lonely. Naturally, their solution to this was to procure mice and raise them in a UPS box in our dorm. Meanwhile, the rest of us were off-campus, either visiting family and friends or recovering from the Dickinson Plague (also known as the Dickinflu). We were all alarmed by a slew of messages that suddenly appeared in our GroupMe on Saturday afternoon. The conversation started with a panicked: “GUYS APPARENTLY [THE MICE] NEED TO BE FED ASAP OR THEY WILL DIE! HOW DO WE GET PEDIALYTE?” This was followed by various arguments whether or not we needed baby formula and if putting mice under a desk lamp was a smart decision.
Hours later, we received some heartbreaking news: the floor’s two baby mice, Joan of Arc and John Lennon, had passed away. The residents who were not there to witness the life and death of John Lennon and Joan of Arc assumed that the mice were buried upon this discovery… we were wrong. For some reason, the girls who took in the pet mice felt that the best thing to do was to hide them in the common room cabinets, where we were storing our RA’s birthday cake for the next day.
It was a Sunday night, over 24 hours after their death, when the residents were finally able to gather the strength to say goodbye to their beloved, now disintegrated mice. While the burial was supposed be for family members (our floor) only, onlookers approached us to see why we were digging a hole with a trowel in our bathrobes at 11:30pm on a weekday. It wasn’t long before a text was sent to the RAs: “This floor [we’ve been keeping an eye on] might be too squad... I just saw them burying a dead thing behind their [building].”
Many RAs like to put decorations on students’ doors; however, we take initiative over here in the Quads. While we loved the jellyfish our RA greeted us with at the beginning of the year, our communal love for Disney princesses inspired some of our floor mates to come up with a Disney princess that represented each girl’s personality. As seen below, Emily’s Disney princess is Belle, because of her love of reading and writing, and Julia’s princess is Megara, because of her sassy and fun personality. All of us had come in after a long day of classes and loved the surprise.
Condom Party
Our first encounter with our RA, Cheyenne (who is the best), was absolutely memorable! She welcomed us with a smile, told us about the Dickinson code of conduct and encouraged us to take the condoms in the bathroom if we ever needed them. We didn’t realize she would be so direct with that information about (safe) sex. The box containing the condoms advertises, “Take what you need, be safe and have and fun!”
Recently it was Cheyenne’s 21st birthday (woot woot!) and we needed to throw a party for her. We baked a cake, decorated with Cheyenne in mind and all that was left to get were the birthday balloons. We decided that there was no better way to celebrate her birthday than with condom balloons! One of us brought a balloon pump from home and we thought we were all set, unfortunately the condoms wouldn’t fill up with air. Our solution was to use water instead and it worked!
When Cheyenne came home we surprised her with condom balloons hung on the window shades in our common room. A condom party was definitely the best way to celebrate our beloved RA’s birthday!
Movie Mondays
We promise that we’re really not that crazy! Despite all of the strange things that happen on our floor, we are able to help each other adjust to college life. Within the first week of being here, we already started to establish a routine on Mondays. Often because it was the start of the week, we all liked to pick a movie and gather together in the common room downstairs to watch. It has become a nice way to begin a week full of work and classes.
At first it was a casual thing, then we actually started to vote on and announce which movies we would watch that night. It has actually come to the point where we have official voting and announcements to celebrate Movie Monday! Making it a ritual to watch these movies as a floor has really helped us to form a community. When we’re stressed out from classes and work we can always count on the rest of the girls on the floor to cheer us up!
Every freshman has fears about dorm life. It’s easy to fall into a trap of staying in your room and binge watching Grey’s Anatomy or FaceTiming a friend at another college. While we all do those totally normal things occasionally, we’ve come to realize that all of these memories and moments with our floor mates make putting yourself out there so worth it. The fun experiences we have shared so far make it easy to lean on each other during our difficult transition to college. Whether it’s a midnight impromptu rap session or a Disney movie marathon, it’s only more proof that our floor is, as the RAs said, just too “too squad.”
All images courtesy of the authors
dorm life
Emily Fishel (U Del ‘20)
Emily is a junior Secondary English Education major at the University of Delaware who loves writing. Prior to UD, she wrote for Her Campus at Dickinson College and has been hooked ever since! On campus, Emily is a sister of Delta Gamma, a member of SET (Secondary Educators of Tomorrow), and currently serves as HC UDel's PR & Marketing Director. Her number one passion is teaching English, but she would also love to continue writing for online publications after graduation.
Julia Mercado (Dickinson ‘20)
Julia Mercado is an English Major at Dickinson College who just loves to write. From Queens, New York, Julia's writing background has been with Girls Write Now, a female writing and mentoring program for high school students. She has appeared in the 2014, 2015 and 2016 GWN anthologies and read at each Chapters event for those years. With Her Campus, she hopes to reach out to other college women like her!
Freshman Advice from a Senior
The Only Dorm Grocery List You’ll Ever Need
Presented by Her Campus x Brita
Food Review: Go Greek Serves us a Taste of Greece in L.A.
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Visvim | Quality Designs Made To Last
Visvim is a label heavy on ideals. Its founder, Hiroki Nakamura, bluntly refuses to make any compromise to the quality of his garments to entertain expansion or increase commercial viability. Heavily inspired by vintage clothing, Nakamura and, with the launch of Visvim’s first women’s clothing collection, his wife Kelsi, produce handmade clothing of the highest quality, utilising traditional techniques to construct lasting garments with a distinctly raw beauty.
Nakamura designs with a complete disregard to trends, instead creating only product that he would wear. A rustic feel flows throughout his collections, somehow combining sophistication with a hobo-esque charm. He has gone to extreme lengths to create garments worthy of the vintage and traditional clothing styles from which he takes his inspiration, deconstructing denim and hand-rubbing natural dye into fabrics.
A snapshot of Visvim’s FW14-15 Lookbook.
However obsessed he may be with vintage clothing and, as he puts it, it’s “strength”, Nakamura has also embraced modern technologies, an example being his combination of American-
Indian style leather moccasin uppers with modern running shoe outsoles. It appears there is an acknowledgement that, while modern clothing is generally not made with the strength of old, there is a place for modern technology in increasing comfort and ensuring longevity.
Visvim’s American-Indian style moccasin featuring modern running shoe outsoles. Photo credit: End.
The cost of a Visvim garment is definitely nothing to sneeze at – a T-shirt will set you back at least US$150, shoes upwards of US$600 and jackets regularly breaking the US$1,000 mark. But this is all part of the ideal of making clothing, as Nakamura describes it, “with strength”. His reasoning? Well as he put it in a recent interview with GQ, “maybe instead of buying five jackets, you can buy one that will last longer.” If the product lasts as long as he claims, then you can’t fault his logic. Though the initial financial hit is rather hefty, the piece is made to last – an oddity in an increasingly consumer driven world – which also brings an increased nostalgic value. It is not an exploitation of reputation, an attempt at driving up prices on the back of popularity, but simply the costs associated with using traditional methods to produce clothing in the modern world.
Founder of Visvim, Hiroki Nakamura.
Visvim, while not particularly accessible, is a brand that can be appreciated from afar as a fashion pillar of virtue. It is, perhaps not in terms of its aesthetic but definitely in terms of its quality and idealism, unrivalled in the modern fashion world. As has been said by many, there is a point where Nakamura’s work, goes beyond fashion and must be considered art.
Visvim Stockists that ship to Australia.
End, UK.
Someday Store, AU.
Norse Store, DK.
Dover Street Market, UK.
Concepts, US.
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HIV TESTING AND ACUTE INFECTION
Purpose of This Guideline
HIV Screening and Diagnosis
Steps in the HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithm
FDA-Approved 4th-Generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combination Assays
HIV-2 RNA Tests for Diagnostic Use
Alternative HIV Tests
Characteristics of FDA-Approved Rapid HIV Tests
Alternative HIV Tests: Oral and Urine Specimens
All Recommendations
Q/A: HIV Testing
Contents Purpose of This GuidelineHIV Screening and DiagnosisSteps in the HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithm -- FDA-Approved 4th-Generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combination AssaysHIV-2 RNA Tests for Diagnostic UseAlternative HIV Tests -- Characteristics of FDA-Approved Rapid HIV Tests -- Alternative HIV Tests: Oral and Urine SpecimensAll RecommendationsQ/A: HIV Testing
Download Pocket Guideline
View/Print Guideline PDF
Medical Care Criteria Committee, October 2018
A NEW HIV DIAGNOSIS IS A CALL TO ACTION
In support of the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) AIDS Institute’s (AI) January 2018 call to action for patients newly diagnosed with HIV, this committee stresses the following:
Immediate linkage to care is essential for any person diagnosed with HIV.
For the person with HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) dramatically reduces HIV-related morbidity and mortality.
Viral suppression helps to prevent HIV transmission to sex partners of people with HIV and prevents perinatal transmission of HIV.
The urgency of ART initiation is even greater if the newly diagnosed patient is pregnant, has acute HIV infection, is ≥50 years of age, or has advanced disease. For these patients, every effort should be made to initiate ART immediately, and ideally, on the same day as diagnosis.
All clinical care settings should be prepared, either on-site or with a confirmed referral, to support patients in initiating ART as rapidly as possible after diagnosis.
An important clinical and public health intervention: Performing a screening test for HIV on all individuals over the age of 13 is an important clinical intervention and an important public health intervention as the gateway to care for both people who are living with and are at risk of exposure to HIV. When results are positive, the law specifies that the healthcare provider who ordered testing is responsible for providing or arranging for an appointment for rapid follow-up HIV care. The current gold standard of care for a newly diagnosed person is to initiate HIV antiretroviral treatment (ART) on the same day. If a patient is not able to start treatment on the day of diagnosis, every effort should be made to initiate ART as soon as possible, and no patient who is ready for ART should have to wait longer than 30 days. HIV testing, therefore, is the first step in linking a person to care for immediate offering of treatment. When results are negative, HIV testing affords a critical opportunity to assess whether the person is a candidate for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), in which case automatic referral is indicated, or whether routine prevention education is the only intervention needed (see the NYSDOH AI guideline PrEP to Prevent HIV Acquisition). Whether positive or negative, the HIV test should be seen not as an isolated activity but rather as the point of entry to the continuum of care and prevention.
KEY POINT
In New York State (NYS) the terms “clinical/symptomatic HIV illness or AIDS,” “AIDS or HIV-related illness,” and other similar terms shall mean laboratory-confirmed HIV diagnosis (source: NYSDOH June 2016 Policy Statement: Defining Program Eligibility by HIV Status).
HIV testing requirements in New York State: With the dual goals of routinizing HIV testing and ensuring that clinical practice keeps pace with the changing demographics of the epidemic, NYS updated its public health law in 2010 to require that HIV testing be offered to all individuals aged 13 years and older who receive care in hospital or primary care settings. Since then, key provisions were passed in 2010, 2014, 2015, and 2016, and a comprehensive updated version of HIV Testing, Reporting and Confidentiality in New York State regulations was finalized and published in the State Register on May 17, 2017. Among other changes, the requirement for written or oral patient informed consent before ordering an HIV-related test was removed. Accessible and routine testing for individuals over the age of 13 is intended to expand the number of people who know their HIV status and to facilitate entry into the continuum of care or prevention once HIV testing is completed.
Accurate diagnosis or exclusion of HIV: This guideline provides an overview of the screening and diagnostic methods that are critical to accurate diagnosis or exclusion of HIV, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Association for Public Health Laboratories (APHL) testing algorithm for the diagnosis of HIV infection (see Steps in the HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithm). This guideline supports the Ending the Epidemic initiative, which seeks to end the AIDS epidemic in NYS by the end of 2020, by integrating current evidence-based clinical recommendations into the HIV testing-related Blueprint Recommendations (BP) of ETE: BP1) make routine HIV testing truly routine, BP2) expand targeted testing, and BP3) address acute HIV infection.
Widespread use of scientific advances such as 4th-generation diagnostic screening is a means of reducing the number of New Yorkers unaware of their HIV status, including those who are at increased risk for transmitting HIV during acute infection. The algorithm’s specific sequence of tests for detecting HIV antigens (Ags), antibodies (Abs), and nucleic acids is a significant departure from the previous HIV testing recommendations that were based on Ab screening followed by Western blot confirmation. The updated algorithm is based on extensive evidence that a specific combination of laboratory tests provides maximal sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for HIV detection.
Related NYSDOH Resources
HIV Testing: Fact Sheet and FAQs
Occupational HIV Exposure: Fact Sheet and FAQs
HIV Laws & Regulations: Reporting and Partner Services
What Health Care Providers Need to Know about Partner Services
NYC DOH Health Advisory: Missed Opportunity to Detect Acute HIV Infection
NYC Health Contact Notification Assistance Program
NYS Expanded Testing Website
Wadsworth Pediatric HIV Testing
CEI: HIV Testing Clinical Cards
CDC Resources
CDC: Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Types of HIV Tests
CDC: Clinical Laboratory Improvements Act (CLIA) Certificate of Waiver Fact Sheet
Clinicians should use a 4th-generation (HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination) immunoassay to screen patients for HIV infection. (A2)
Clinicians must perform diagnostic HIV laboratory tests in full compliance with New York State HIV/AIDS Laws and Regulations. Additional information regarding testing procedures and regulations is available from the Wadsworth Center (518-474-2163). Report confirmed cases of HIV according to New York State Law (see NYSDOH Provider Reporting and Partner Services).
Clinicians should offer assistance with notifying partners or should refer patients to other sources for partner notification assistance (see Partner Services in New York State or the Contact Notification Assistance Program in New York City).
When immediate results are necessary, such as in the labor/delivery, newborn, or post-exposure settings, or when the person receiving testing is unlikely to return for a follow-up visit, clinicians should use a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved screening test that produces results within 60 minutes. (A2)
Clinicians should not wait for serologic confirmation of HIV to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) when pregnant individuals are diagnosed with acute HIV infection by HIV RNA testing. Initiation of ART is strongly recommended for pregnant individuals. (A2)
Because all screening tests are subject to false-positive results, clinicians should consider all reactive screening test results preliminary; reactive specimens require further testing with appropriate tests to determine the final result. (A1)
For all individuals who test negative and have recent or ongoing high-risk behavior, clinicians should discuss goal-oriented, harm-reduction strategies such as PrEP and the emergency availability of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Clinicians should refer these patients as appropriate for counseling services and should offer repeat testing every 3 months, or sooner if acute HIV infection is suspected, for as long as high-risk behavior continues. (A3)
See the NYSDOH AI guidelines PEP for HIV Prevention and PrEP to Prevent HIV Acquisition.
Clinicians should not delay initiation of ART pending results of repeat testing (see the NYSDOH AI guideline When to Initiate ART).
NOTE: Recommendations for management when acute HIV is suspected are available in the NYSDOH AI guideline Diagnosis and Management of Acute HIV.
Patients presenting for testing for possible exposure to HIV should be assessed for PEP (see the NYSDOH AI guidelines on PEP for HIV Prevention). Expert advice may be obtained from the Clinical Education Initiative CEI PEP Line at 866-637-2342.
Figure 1: Evolution of HIV Diagnostic Screening Tests. Click to Enlarge
HIV screening and diagnostic tests are designed to detect specific markers of infection. These markers may be virologic, such as viral proteins or nucleic acids, or immunologic, such as Abs produced in response to HIV infection. When conducting testing for HIV infection, it is important to begin with an initial test that is highly sensitive and capable of detecting the broad range of HIV variants. HIV testing should begin with an immunoassay that has been approved by the FDA as an initial test to detect HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. Advances in immunoassay technology have led to a progressive improvement in assay sensitivity and/or specificity (see Figure 1). The advantages and disadvantages of the various FDA-approved HIV immunoassays used for HIV screening have been organized into an easy-to-use reference table, which is available from the CDC along with other resources on HIV laboratory testing.
All immunoassays designed for initial screening may produce false-positive results for a variety of reasons (see Table 1: Reasons for False-Positive, False-Negative, and Indeterminate HIV Screening Test Results, below) and all reactive results from an HIV screening test, regardless of the method, should be interpreted as preliminary. Further testing is required to verify the reactive screening result and confirm the presence or absence of HIV infection.
In addition to improving sensitivity and specificity, several manufacturers have developed HIV screening tests for use with random access instrument systems. These systems eliminate or reduce the need for laboratories to batch samples and are capable of producing an HIV screening test result very quickly, within an hour in many cases. Immunoassays that are used for initial HIV screening can be divided into two main categories: 1) enzyme or chemiluminescent immunoassays (EIAs, CIAs) that rely on specific instrumentation; and 2) rapid screening tests, which use simple, single-use devices that produce a result in 30 minutes or less. All of the EIA and CIA tests must be conducted by licensed technologists in a clinical laboratory. Several of the FDA-approved rapid screening tests were designed for point-of-care (POC) use and have received a CLIA waiver, which allows them to be performed in non-laboratory settings.
It is essential to order HIV diagnostic testing from clinical laboratories that follow the CDC/APHL Recommended Laboratory HIV Testing Algorithm for Serum and Plasma Specimens.
Consult the specimen collection and handling instructions provided by the laboratory to ensure that the specimen will be suitable for all tests in the algorithm.
When possible, blood should be collected by venipuncture and submitted to a clinical laboratory for HIV diagnostic testing.
Many labs will reflex additional screening steps (such as a differential HIV Ab assay and HIV RNA) on the original sample without supplemental orders from the clinicians. Other labs may require additional samples and/or clinician orders to complete the algorithm. Clinicians are advised to become familiar with the internal testing algorithm and results-reporting policies of their laboratories.
Diagnostic HIV laboratory tests and interpretation algorithms evolve, and individual laboratories may have differing internal protocols for reporting tests with preliminary results.
Indeterminate, inconclusive, nondiagnostic, and pending confirmation are among the terms used when preliminary results cannot be classified definitively.
A reactive result on the initial screening test with inconclusive supplemental serologic testing may represent either a false or a true positive. In the setting of acute HIV infection, a nonreactive supplemental Ab test may be a false-negative, and further testing with an HIV RNA assay is indicated.
The clinician should contact the laboratory to determine the significance of the nondefinitive results and the supplemental testing that is indicated.
Determining the significance of the nondefinitive results is of particular importance when testing pregnant individuals, newborn children, and patients with suspected acute HIV infection or HIV-2.
Table 1: Reasons for False-Positive, False-Negative, and Indeterminate HIV Screening Test Results (see the CDC’s False-Positive HIV Test Results for more information)
Reasons for False-Positive Results Reasons for False-Negative Results
Increased sensitivity of assays, leading to reduced specificity.
Technical errors, including:
Specimen mix-up or mislabeling, in which the laboratory inadvertently switches two samples, one being positive and the other negative.
Contamination, in which material from a positive sample is introduced into a negative sample as a result of mishandling, poor laboratory technique, or instrument malfunction.
Misinterpretation of visually-read rapid test, which may result from operator error if the correct procedures for performing or reading the test are not followed.
Presence of HIV Abs in recipients of HIV-1 trial vaccines.
Other rare possibilities:
Hypergammaglobulinemia/Abs reactive to cellular components.
Influenza vaccination may cause cross-reactivity with HIV Ab assays. The time course for such cross-reactivity remains uncertain.
Test is performed during any of the following periods:
Eclipse period before detection of Ag or HIV RNA is possible.
Acute infection (before seroconversion), with screening performed using a less sensitive method that detects Abs only.
Early stage of seroconversion, with screening performed using a less sensitive method that does not detect early (IgM) Abs.
Technical errors, including, for instance:
Specimen mishandling, in which a positive sample is exposed to conditions that cause degradation of test analytes (e.g., p24 Ag).
Delayed Ab synthesis in infants and those receiving PEP or PrEP or who have concurrent acute hepatitis C infection.
Diminished immune response in individuals receiving intensive or long-term immunosuppressive therapy.
Congenital or drug-induced hypogammaglobulinemia or agammaglobulinemia.
Insufficient host Ab response (i.e., advanced HIV disease).
Unavailability of Abs due to the formation of Ag-Ab complexes.
TERMINOLOGY IN NYS FOR HIV SCREENING TESTS
Point-of-Care (POC) HIV Screening Tests: HIV tests performed at or near the patient care or nonclinical settings. These tests often provide results within 60 minutes. Although POC HIV screening tests are not part of the CDC/APHL diagnostic testing algorithm, the designation “point-of-care testing” is beginning to blur with new developments in testing technology and electronic reporting that allow more complex laboratory tests to produce rapid results that are available quickly in the patient care setting.
Rapid HIV Screening Tests: HIV screening tests that provide results within 60 minutes. Rapid screening tests may be performed at either the POC or the laboratory. Rapid screening tests are not part of the CDC/APHL diagnostic testing algorithm.
Instrument-Based HIV Screening Tests: HIV immunoassays performed in laboratories using serum or plasma samples from patients. These screening tests are more complex than rapid screening tests, require instrumentation for performing the test or for reading the results, and are performed in a clinical laboratory. Some instrument-based tests provide results within 60 minutes.
Clinicians should begin diagnostic HIV testing of adults and children aged 2 years and older with an FDA-approved 4th-generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab immunoassay. (A1)
The CDC/APHL HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithm (Figure 2) is recommended for laboratories conducting primary diagnostic testing and confirmation of a reactive rapid screening test from serum or plasma. (A1)
The NYSDOH strongly recommends that all New York State birth facilities use the pediatric HIV testing services at the Wadsworth Center.
For information about this service, which is free of charge for New York State clinicians providing care for HIV-exposed infants, contact the Wadsworth Center at 518-474-2163.
Facilities that choose to use laboratories other than the Wadsworth Center should verify that the testing is performed with an HIV nucleic acid test (NAT) that has been validated and approved for diagnosing HIV infection, including non-B subtypes of HIV-1.
Clinicians should use an HIV NAT to detect HIV RNA or DNA and establish the diagnosis of infection in infants born to individuals with HIV-1. (A1)
See the NYSDOH AI guideline Diagnosis of HIV in Exposed Infants.
The HIV-1 Western blot and HIV-1 indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) are no longer recommended for confirming a reactive screening test and are not part of the recommended testing algorithm.
Figure 2: CDC Recommended Laboratory HIV Testing Algorithm for Serum or Plasma Specimens (reprinted from CDC Stacks). Click to Enlarge
The majority of new HIV infections detected continue to be identified by confirming the presence of Abs to HIV-1 and HIV-2. When the recommended algorithm is used, laboratory reporting may include the reporting of the screening test result, and if reactive, additional confirmatory results. However, a single confirmatory test for establishing a laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection is no longer in use. Rather, laboratory evidence of HIV infection is determined by interpreting the full set of results from a specific sequence of initial and supplemental tests to reach a final conclusion. The supplemental tests used in the recommended HIV testing algorithm for laboratories confirm reactivity and include an HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation test that detects and discriminates between HIV-1 and HIV-2 Abs with high specificity. If the supplemental Ab test is negative or indeterminate, an HIV-1 RNA test can verify the presence of an acute HIV-1 infection. In 2014, the CDC issued a revised three-step HIV testing algorithm, which is intended for HIV diagnostic testing performed on serum and plasma specimens (see Figure 2).
CDC/APHL HIV testing recommendations for laboratories: According to the CDC/APHL recommendations in Figure 2, above, laboratories should conduct initial testing for HIV with an FDA-approved Ag/Ab combination immunoassay that detects HIV-1 and HIV-2 Abs and HIV-1 p24 Ag to screen for established infection with HIV-1 or HIV-2 and for acute HIV-1 infection.
The CDC/APHL recommends that specimens with a reactive Ag/Ab combination immunoassay result (or repeatedly reactive, if repeat testing is recommended by the manufacturer or required by regulatory authorities) should be tested with an FDA-approved supplemental immunoassay that differentiates HIV-1 Abs from HIV-2 Abs. If the initial Ag/Ab combination immunoassay is reactive and the HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation immunoassay is positive for HIV-1 Abs, HIV-2 Abs, or HIV Abs, this should be interpreted as positive for HIV.
For specimens that are reactive on the initial Ag/Ab combination immunoassay and nonreactive or indeterminate on the HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation immunoassay, testing with an FDA-approved HIV-1 NAT is indicated. According to the CDC/APHL:
A reactive HIV-1 NAT result and nonreactive HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation immunoassay result indicates laboratory evidence for acute HIV-1 infection.
A reactive HIV-1 NAT result and indeterminate HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation immunoassay result indicates the presence of HIV-1 infection confirmed by HIV-1.
A negative HIV-1 NAT result and nonreactive or indeterminate HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation immunoassay result indicates a false-positive result on the initial immunoassay.
The CDC/APHL recommends that laboratories use this same testing algorithm, beginning with an Ag/Ab combination immunoassay, with serum or plasma specimens submitted for confirmation of a reactive rapid screening test. An exception may be made when serum or plasma is screened with the Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo rapid test. If reactive, the specimen may be tested directly with the supplemental HIV Ab-differentiation test.
Step 1: HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combination Immunoassay
HIV diagnostic testing of adults and children aged 2 years and older [1] should ideally begin with an FDA-approved HIV Ag/Ab combination test, also known as a 4th-generation immunoassay (see Table 2: FDA-Approved 4th-Generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combination Immunoassays for Step 1 of Recommended Laboratory Algorithm). Clinicians should request HIV diagnostic testing from a laboratory that offers a 4th-generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassay as an initial screening test. If this initial immunoassay is reactive, the laboratory should progress directly to the supplemental testing sequence of the recommended HIV diagnostic testing algorithm and follow the recommended testing steps through completion to conclusively confirm or exclude laboratory evidence of HIV infection.
Establishing the exact window period for a particular diagnostic test is challenging because the precise time of exposure is rarely known. The period after exposure but before virus can be detected is known as the “eclipse period,” and its length can vary depending on characteristics of the infecting virus and the individual infected [Fiebig et al. 2003]. In a study that applied modeling methods to estimate the time from exposure with subsequent infection to HIV RNA detection, the median length of the eclipse period was reported as 11.5 days [Delaney et al. 2017]. The Ag/Ab combination immunoassays will detect HIV-1 and HIV-2 Abs and HIV-1 p24 Ag, which is present during the acute stage before Ab seroconversion (antibody production) has begun.
Fourth-generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassays: HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassays, also referred to as 4th-generation immunoassays, are capable of detecting HIV-1 p24 Ag, which is the viral capsid protein first circulating or circulating early during acute HIV-1 infection, as well as IgM and IgG Abs to HIV-1 and HIV-2. Although 4th-generation immunoassays cannot detect HIV infection during the eclipse phase, when neither Ag nor RNA is detectable, the ability to identify both HIV-1 p24 Ag and HIV-1/2 Abs in a single screening test enables detection of HIV early in the acute phase, during the seroconversion period, and throughout established infection, including in HIV controllers. Consequently, 4th-generation Ag/Ab combination immunoassays have a distinct advantage over all of the earlier generation screening assays which only detect Abs. For this reason, it is recommended that a 4th-generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassay be used as the initial screening test for all adults and children age 2 years and older.
If the Ag/Ab test is nonreactive, then the interpretation is that the test is negative. As is the case for all of the HIV screening tests, false-positive results can occur. Therefore, supplemental testing is performed when a specimen is reactive on the Step 1 HIV Ag/Ab immunoassay. The recommended next step (see Step 2, below) is to perform an HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation assay.
As of February 2018, seven FDA-approved 4th-generation HIV Ag/Ab combo immunoassays are available. Four of the seven use technology that has been validated in combination with the recommended supplemental tests; all are approved for use in step 1 of the recommended laboratory algorithm (see Table 2: FDA-Approved 4th-Generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combination Immunoassays for Step 1 of Recommended Laboratory Algorithm). Six of the HIV Ag/Ab combo immunoassays employ either enzyme immunoassay or chemiluminescent immunoassay technology and require the use of specific instrumentation to perform the test and/or read the results. The Alere Determine HIV Ag/Ab rapid screening test is an FDA-approved 4th-generation HIV Ag/Ab combo rapid screening test. In this update, the CDC states that instrument-based HIV Ag/Ab screening tests are preferred for use in step 1 of the laboratory algorithm due to their superior sensitivity for detecting HIV during acute infection, but Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo immunoassay may be used with serum or plasma (not finger stick whole blood) in this step. See the Rapid Screening Tests section of this guideline for more information on recommended procedures for confirming a reactive rapid screening test.
As seroconversion proceeds and Abs to HIV are produced, p24 is bound in an Ag-Ab complex and becomes more difficult to detect by standard laboratory assays. Serologic assays that detect p24 Ag only are not recommended for any diagnostic purpose and are not available at most clinical laboratories. If an Ag/Ab combination assay is reactive, then the laboratory should continue with the recommended diagnostic testing algorithm as described. If the Ag/Ab assay is nonreactive but there is reason to suspect a very early acute infection, HIV-1 RNA testing should be performed as soon as possible to confirm or exclude acute HIV-1 infection.
Third-generation HIV-1/2 Ab screening assays: Although 4th-generation Ag/Ab combination immunoassays are recommended for laboratories performing HIV testing, some laboratories may still use 3rd-generation and other less sensitive assays for HIV screening. Third-generation immunoassays use a “sandwich” technology that allows IgM and IgG Abs to be detected. IgM Abs are produced 2 to 3 weeks earlier than IgG, and therefore 3rd-generation immunoassays can detect infection weeks before 1st- and 2nd-generation immunoassays, which are limited to IgG detection. If a 4th-generation Ag/Ab assay is not available, a 3rd-generation immunoassay offers the next best sensitivity for early detection; however, early acute HIV-1 infections may not be detected by a 3rd-generation screening test. The CDC/APHL states that laboratories note this limitation on the test report when reporting a nonreactive 3rd-generation screening test result [CDC 2014]. Importantly, 3rd-generation immunoassays may detect infection weeks before the Western blot becomes positive, and Western blot confirmation is not recommended following a reactive 3rd-generation screening test. Several studies have shown that the HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation test and HIV-1 RNA test performed according to the recommended laboratory algorithm are better than the Western blot for confirming a reactive 3rd-generation screening test result [Delaney et al. 2011; Styer et al. 2011; Wesolowski et al. 2011; Nasrullah et al. 2013].
Step 2: HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab-Differentiation Immunoassay
If the initial screening result is reactive, the laboratory should test the specimen using an HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation immunoassay that has been FDA-approved for use as a supplemental antibody test. If the HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation test is positive for HIV-1 Abs or HIV-2 Abs, clinicians should proceed with medical evaluation for confirmed HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection. If the specimen is positive for HIV Abs but cannot be differentiated as HIV-1 or HIV-2, clinicians should proceed with medical evaluation for HIV infection and contact the Wadsworth Center at 518-474-2163 for assistance with obtaining HIV-1 and HIV-2 RNA testing.
Geenius HIV 1/2 Supplemental Assay: On October 24, 2014, the Geenius HIV 1/2 Supplemental Assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories) received FDA approval for the confirmation and differentiation of individual Abs to HIV-1 and HIV-2. The Geenius HIV-1/2 Supplemental Assay is the only FDA-approved test currently available for use in step 2 of the CDC/APHL recommended diagnostic algorithm.
The Geenius HIV 1/2 Supplemental Assay is a single-use immunochromatographic assay intended for the confirmation and differentiation of individual Abs to HIV-1 and HIV-2 in specimens that were found to be reactive by diagnostic screening procedures. The test is approved for use with whole blood, serum, or plasma specimens. Geenius uses four HIV-1 Ags derived from the core (p24), polymerase (p31), and envelope (gp41, gp160) proteins and two HIV-2 envelope Ags (gp36 and gp140). The assay produces results within 30 minutes, and results must be read with the Geenius Reader system, which uses validated software to interpret the test results. The Geenius Reader is also able to transmit results electronically to the laboratory’s information system, eliminating subjective result interpretation and error-prone manual data transcription.
If the final assay Interpretation of the Geenius test is “HIV-1 Positive,” “HIV-2 Positive,” or “HIV Positive,” then antibodies are considered confirmed (see the package insert for additional information on the results reported in the Final Assay Interpretation). Geenius may also produce a Final Assay Interpretation that is indeterminate for either HIV-1, HIV-2, or untypable HIV.
If Geenius is nonreactive or indeterminate for any HIV type (HIV-1, HIV-2, or untypable HIV), the next step should be to test the specimens for HIV-1 RNA, even if the result is HIV-2 indeterminate. Acute HIV-1 infections are much more common than HIV-2 infections and nonspecific reactivity could cause an HIV-2 indeterminate result to occur in some cases. If HIV-1 RNA is not detected and the Geenius result was HIV-2 indeterminate or HIV indeterminate, then an HIV-2 NAT may be warranted. Contact the Wadsworth Center Bloodborne Viruses Laboratory at 518-474-2163 for assistance with inconclusive HIV test results and, if needed, further testing to resolve HIV-2 infection status.
If the Geenius interpretation is nonreactive or indeterminate for any HIV type (HIV-1, HIV-2, or untypable HIV), test the specimens for HIV-1 RNA, even if the result is HIV-2 indeterminate.
Acute HIV-1 infections are much more common than HIV-2 infections.
Nonspecific reactivity could cause an HIV-2 indeterminate result to occur in some cases.
If HIV-1 RNA is not detected and the Geenius interpretation was HIV-2 indeterminate or HIV indeterminate, an HIV-2 NAT may be warranted.
To aid in HIV diagnosis, see Step 3: HIV-1 NATs for Diagnosis of Acute and Early HIV-1 Infection, below, and HIV-2 RNA Tests for Diagnostic Use in this guideline.
Step 3: HIV-1 NATs for Diagnosis of Acute and Early HIV-1 Infection
If the HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation immunoassay is nonreactive or indeterminate, an HIV-1 RNA test should be performed immediately to confirm or exclude evidence of HIV-1 infection. Most laboratories reflex directly to an HIV-1 RNA test without requiring an additional test order or collection of a new specimen, either by performing the test in-house or by referring the specimen to another laboratory. To reflex directly to an HIV-1 RNA test, the laboratory must use a test kit that has been approved to aid in the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection either by the FDA or the NYSDOH. If HIV-1 RNA is detected, acute HIV-1 infection is present, and clinicians should proceed with clinical evaluation. If no HIV-1 RNA is detected, the initial immunoassay result is presumed to be a false-positive.
If the laboratory is unable or does not automatically reflex directly to the RNA test, clinicians should order an HIV-1 RNA test as soon as possible. However, if the person being tested is receiving antiretroviral agents for PEP, PrEP, or rapid ART start, a false-negative result may occur for the HIV-1 RNA test. This result should be interpreted in the context of the overall clinical situation, and re-testing should be performed accordingly (see Table 2: FDA-Approved 4th-Generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combination Immunoassays for Step 1 of Recommended Laboratory Algorithm).
APTIMA HIV-1 RNA Qualitative Assay: Currently the only NAT kit that is approved by the FDA for diagnostic use is the APTIMA HIV-1 RNA Qualitative Assay (Hologic Gen-Probe Inc). The APTIMA test is a NAAT that detects a specific region of the HIV-1 viral RNA genome by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), a nucleic acid amplification method similar in principle to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). TMA differs from PCR in that the amplification occurs on a linear rather than logarithmic scale and the amplification product is composed of single-stranded RNA rather than double-stranded DNA. TMA is FDA-approved for use with serum or plasma specimens and produces a qualitative result (i.e., “Detected” or “Not Detected”).
Data from analytical sensitivity studies presented in the package insert indicate that the APTIMA HIV-1 RNA assay achieved >98.5% detection for specimens containing 30 copies/mL of HIV-1 RNA and 100% detection for specimens containing 100 copies/mL. This detection level was also verified for HIV-1 specimen panels consisting of subtypes A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. The APTIMA HIV-1 RNA assay is performed by the NYSDOH and New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYC DOHMH) public health laboratories and at several commercial laboratories. Many laboratories are unable to support use of the APTIMA assay because of the expense and the low volume of specimens that require qualitative RNA testing. Many laboratories are already performing HIV-1 quantitative testing for viral load monitoring, and maintaining an additional qualitative test for diagnostic purposes may be impractical and not economically feasible.
The NYSDOH strongly recommends that all New York State birth facilities use the pediatric HIV testing services at the Wadsworth Center. The Wadsworth Center uses the APTIMA HIV-1 RNA Qualitative Assay, which has been demonstrated to identify HIV infection earlier in non-breastfed infants than methods based on PCR amplification of proviral DNA (see the NYSDOH AI guideline Diagnosis of HIV in Exposed Infants).
Quantitative HIV-1 RNA tests: Quantitative HIV-1 RNA tests are widely available and have been approved by the FDA only for monitoring prognosis of HIV-1 infection and response to ART. Although regulatory restrictions may prevent laboratories from reflexing to a quantitative HIV-1 RNA test as part of the diagnostic testing algorithm, the NYSDOH recommends that clinicians order quantitative HIV-1 RNA for the presumptive diagnosis of acute HIV infection. With a quantitative HIV-1 RNA test, an HIV viral load ≥ 5,000 copies/mL is used to diagnosis acute HIV infection (see the NYSDOH AI guideline Diagnosis and Management of Acute HIV). The performance qualities of the HIV-1 viral load tests are discussed further in the NYSDOH AI guideline Virologic and Immunologic Monitoring.
For further guidance in identification and management of acute HIV infection, see the NYSDOH AI guideline Diagnosis and Management of Acute HIV.
See the NYSDOH Dear Colleague Letter (September 2018) for information related to prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Issues addressed in the letter are: 1) intrapartum antiretroviral therapy/prophylaxis, 2) neonatal antiretroviral prophylaxis and 3) HIV testing of infants and children less than 24 months of age.
CDC. Laboratory testing for the diagnosis of HIV infection: updated recommendations. 2014 Jun 27. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/23447 [accessed 2018 Oct 1]
Delaney KP, Hanson DL, Masciotra S, et al. Time Until Emergence of HIV Test Reactivity Following Infection With HIV-1: Implications for Interpreting Test Results and Retesting After Exposure. Clin Infect Dis 2017;64(1):53-59. [PMID: 27737954]
Delaney KP, Heffelfinger JD, Wesolowski LG, et al. Performance of an alternative laboratory-based algorithm for HIV diagnosis in a high-risk population. J Clin Virol 2011;52 Suppl 1:S5-10. [PMID: 22019251]
Fiebig EW, Wright DJ, Rawal BD, et al. Dynamics of HIV viremia and antibody seroconversion in plasma donors: implications for diagnosis and staging of primary HIV infection. AIDS 2003;17(13):1871-1879. [PMID: 12960819]
Nasrullah M, Wesolowski LG, Meyer WA, 3rd, et al. Performance of a fourth-generation HIV screening assay and an alternative HIV diagnostic testing algorithm. AIDS 2013;27(5):731-737. [PMID: 23135170]
Styer LM, Sullivan TJ, Parker MM. Evaluation of an alternative supplemental testing strategy for HIV diagnosis by retrospective analysis of clinical HIV testing data. J Clin Virol 2011;52 Suppl 1:S35-40. [PMID: 22018662]
Wesolowski LG, Delaney KP, Hart C, et al. Performance of an alternative laboratory-based algorithm for diagnosis of HIV infection utilizing a third-generation immunoassay, a rapid HIV-1/HIV-2 differentiation test and a DNA or RNA-based nucleic acid amplification test in persons with established HIV-1 infection and blood donors. J Clin Virol 2011;52 Suppl 1:S45-49. [PMID: 21995934]
Table 2: FDA-Approved 4th-Generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combination Immunoassays for Step 1 of Recommended Laboratory Algorithm
Test Method and Specimens
Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay (Abbott Laboratories)
FDA-approved 2010
CMIA
Serum, plasma
Does not differentiate detection of Ag and Ab
ADVIA Centaur HIV Ag/Ab Combo (CHIV) Assay (Siemens)
Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo (Abbott)
Lateral-flow rapid screening test
Whole blood, serum, plasma*
Separately detects HIV-1 p24 Ag and HIV-1/2 Ab
BioPlex 2200 HIV Ag-Ab Assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories)
Multiplex flow immunoassay
Separately detects HIV-1 Ag, HIV-1 Ab, and HIV-2 Ab
GS HIV Ag/Ab Combo EIA (Bio-Rad Laboratories)
Elecsys HIV combi PT (Roche Diagnostics)
ECLIA
VITROS Immunodiagnostic Products HIV Combo (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics)
Immunometric assay
CMIA, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay; ECLIA, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay; EIA, enzyme immunoassay.
*The Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo rapid screening test may be used for step 1 in the laboratory algorithm with serum and plasma only (see Figure 2: Recommended HIV Testing Algorithm for Serum or Plasma Specimens).
Individuals who screen reactive with an HIV-1/2 or HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab immunoassay and are positive for HIV-2 Abs on an FDA-approved supplemental HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation assay are considered positive for HIV-2 Abs; clinicians should perform a clinical evaluation for HIV-2 infection. (A1)
Clinicians caring for patients with HIV-2 infection should contact the Wadsworth Center’s Bloodborne Viruses Laboratory at (518) 474-2163 for guidance on HIV-2 viral load monitoring.
HIV-2 is distantly related to HIV-1, the virus responsible for the vast majority of HIV infections throughout the world. HIV-2 infection is predominantly found in West Africa, including Guinea-Bissau, The Gambia, Senegal, Cape Verde, Cote d’Ivoire, Mali, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria. Although the prevalence of HIV-2 in the United States is very low, cases are concentrated in regions where West African immigrants have settled, particularly in the Northeast [Campbell-Yesufu and Gandhi 2011]. Although HIV-1 and HIV-2 have similar routes of transmission and can cause immunodeficiency, HIV-2 is generally associated with lower viral loads, lower transmission rates, and slower disease progression than HIV-1 (see the NYSDOH AI guideline HIV-2 Infection).
HIV-2 Abs are readily detected by HIV-1/2 screening tests, but many HIV-2 infections have been misclassified HIV-1 by Western blot testing because HIV-2 Abs display a significant amount of cross-reactivity with proteins on the HIV-1 Western blot. By following the CDC/APHL recommended HIV testing algorithm, HIV-2 infections should be accurately identified using an HIV-1/2 Ab-differentiation test. In some cases, an HIV-2-specific NAT may be needed to definitively confirm or exclude HIV-2 infection. In particular, HIV-2 RNA testing is needed to detect or exclude infection in infants born to individuals with HIV-2. Such testing may also be needed to resolve cases where both HIV-1 and HIV-2 Abs are detected but not differentiated on the Ab-differentiation test.
No FDA-approved HIV-2 NATs (DNA or RNA) are available. The Wadsworth Center, New York State’s public health laboratory, has validated a laboratory-developed real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) test for both qualitative and quantitative detection of HIV-2 RNA in plasma samples. The Wadsworth Center’s HIV-2 RNA test has been reviewed and approved for clinical use by the NYSDOH Clinical Laboratory Evaluation Program. For more information on submitting a specimen to the Wadsworth Center for HIV-2 RNA testing, please contact the Bloodborne Viruses Laboratory at 518-474-2163.
Campbell-Yesufu OT, Gandhi RT. Update on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2 infection. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52(6):780-787. [PMID: 21367732]
Home-Based Tests
Clinicians should educate patients about the limitations of in-home testing and emphasize that both nonreactive and reactive results of any in-home HIV testing should be repeated by a laboratory.
Point-of-Care (POC) Tests
Several HIV screening tests have received a CLIA waiver, which allows the test to be performed in non-laboratory, POC settings. A waived test has been determined by the FDA to be simple and has easy-to-follow instructions that allow those with limited training to perform the test correctly (see the CLIA Certificate of Waiver for more information). CLIA-waived tests use easily collected fingerstick blood or oral fluid samples and have simple procedures that can be reliably performed with minimal training. For more information about HIV testing of oral samples, see Alternative HIV Tests: Oral and Urine Specimens. Screening tests performed under an FDA-approved CLIA waiver provide a suitable option for initial HIV testing when it is not possible or practical to collect blood by venipuncture to submit to a clinical laboratory for the initial test.
All of the FDA-approved HIV POC tests may also be used with plasma or serum specimens; however, the CLIA waiver does not apply to these specimen types. The additional steps and instrumentation that are needed to process blood to plasma and serum add complexity to the test procedure, and therefore these tests are classified as of moderate complexity for serum and plasma specimens. See Table 3: Characteristics of FDA-Approved Rapid HIV Tests for more information about FDA-approved rapid screening tests, including POC tests.
Rapid Screening Tests
HIV rapid screening tests are single-use test devices that produce results within 60 minutes but usually within 30 minutes. Table 3: Characteristics of FDA-Approved Rapid HIV Tests lists the characteristics of each of the eight current FDA-approved rapid tests. Result interpretation is simple and typically performed visually without the need for any instrumentation. A reactive result is indicated by the appearance of a line or circle in the appropriate area. All of the devices include a built-in procedural control that is required to produce the expected appearance in order for the test result to be valid. Although many rapid screening tests have been designed for POC use, many clinical laboratories also use rapid screening tests for HIV screening, especially in situations where a result is needed very quickly or when the laboratory’s overall testing volume is low. Depending on the device and its specific approval, laboratories may perform rapid screening tests using serum, plasma, or whole blood specimens collected by venipuncture.
Each of the rapid screening tests is restricted to the body fluid(s) that it was designed to analyze (see Table 3: Characteristics of FDA-Approved Rapid HIV Tests). For more information about HIV testing of oral specimens, see Alternative HIV Tests: Oral and Urine Specimens. Currently, HIV rapid screening tests may be used only as initial screening tests; they may not be used as the first step of the CDC/APHL diagnostic testing algorithm.
As with other HIV screening tests, rapid screening tests employ various technologies, and some devices are more sensitive for early detection than others. The Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo test is distinguished by its ability to detect both HIV-1 p24 Ag and HIV-1 and HIV-2 Abs. Studies conducted by the CDC showed that Alere Determine is capable of detecting HIV infection 1 to 2 weeks earlier than all other FDA-approved rapid screening tests but is less sensitive than the instrument-based 4th-generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination tests [Masciotra et al. 2013].
Aside from the Alere Determine test, all other FDA-approved rapid screening tests only detect Abs to HIV and so are less sensitive for identification of the earliest phase of acute HIV infection. These rapid screening tests detect HIV Abs 6 to 12 days later than 3rd-generation EIAs [Masciotra et al. 2011; Masciotra et al. 2013]. When a rapid screening test is performed, a reactive result should be given to the patient as soon as it is available and a blood specimen should be collected for diagnostic testing and confirmation of HIV infection. As with all HIV screening tests, rapid screening tests may produce false-positive results, particularly in populations that are not at high risk for HIV, and supplemental testing must be performed to confirm a reactive screening result.
Patients who receive a reactive HIV rapid screening test result should be informed that the test result is not a diagnosis of HIV infection and requires confirmation.
Recommended procedure for confirming a reactive rapid screening test: Clinicians should submit a blood specimen to a clinical laboratory for rapid screening test confirmation. If a rapid screening test was performed on oral fluid or fingerstick whole blood, a blood specimen should be collected by venipuncture and handled according to the laboratory’s instructions. The CDC/APHL advises laboratories to use the recommended HIV diagnostic testing algorithm (see Figure 2: Recommended HIV Testing Algorithm for Serum or Plasma Specimens) to confirm all reactive rapid screening test results. This includes the Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Combo rapid test when conducted on whole blood. The laboratory should begin testing the confirmatory specimen with one of the HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassays that is approved for step 1 of the HIV diagnostic algorithm. If the specimen is not reactive on the HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassay, the rapid screening test result is interpreted as a false-positive and no further testing is needed. If the HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassay is reactive, testing of the specimen should continue according to the algorithm as described in Figure 2: Recommended HIV Testing Algorithm for Serum or Plasma Specimens.
Supplemental Testing Other than the Recommended Procedure
Although the Western blot was considered the standard for confirmation of HIV infection in the past, it is no longer recommended except in a few special situations (see below). The Western blot is very specific, and false-positive results are rare; however, it has several important disadvantages. The HIV-1 Western blot is less sensitive than the newer generations of HIV screening immunoassays and will produce false-negative or indeterminate results on specimens collected before or during seroconversion [Owen et al. 2008; Masciotra et al. 2011; Styer et al. 2011]. The HIV-1 Western blot also produces indeterminate results for a variety of other reasons and misclassifies the majority of HIV-2 infections [Torian et al. 2010; Nasrullah et al. 2011; Lasry et al. 2014]. Notably, the Western blot has been completely eliminated from the recommended testing algorithm for laboratories performing HIV diagnostic testing on standard serum or plasma specimens (see Figure 2: Recommended HIV Testing Algorithm for Serum or Plasma Specimens). The indirect IFA is another supplemental test designed to confirm the presence of HIV-1 Abs. The IFA is not routinely performed for HIV diagnostic testing and is not recommended as a supplemental test for confirming the presence of HIV Abs.
In certain situations, it may not be possible or practical to collect a tube of blood following a reactive rapid screening test, and supplemental testing of alternative specimen types may be necessary. FDA-approved HIV-1 Western blot kits are available for use with dried blood spot, oral fluid, and urine specimens, but only a limited number of laboratories offer testing on these specimen types. The limitations of the HIV-1 Western blot described for serum and plasma specimens also apply to testing performed on other specimen types. If an HIV-1 Western blot is performed on oral fluid, urine, or a dried blood spot and the result is negative or indeterminate, a serum or plasma specimen should be collected as soon as possible and testing should be repeated following the recommended testing algorithm. The NYSDOH Wadsworth Center offers confirmatory testing of dried blood spots for community-based HIV screening sites that are unable to collect blood for confirmation. Contact the Wadsworth Center Bloodborne Viruses Laboratory for assistance at 518-474-2163.
Currently, only two in-home HIV tests are in use: the Home Access HIV-1 Test System and the OraQuick In-Home HIV Test. The Home Access HIV-1 Test System was approved in 1996 by the FDA for sale in the United States. The individual collects blood from a fingerstick and transfers the blood onto filter paper. The sample is then mailed to a facility for analysis using tests that have been approved by the FDA to detect Abs to HIV-1. Pre- and post-test counseling in the case of a negative result consist of a recorded message. For a reactive result, a trained HIV counselor will conduct post-test counseling over the telephone. If requested, a counselor is also available in cases of a negative result. Results are available in either 3 or 7 days. The OraQuick In-Home HIV Test was FDA-approved in 2012 to be sold over-the-counter for consumer use in individuals 17 years of age and older for use with oral fluid. For this test, the consumer uses an oral swab to swipe along the gums to collect a sample. The consumer then inserts the swab into a test tube provided in the kit and waits 20 minutes to see the result. OraSure provides 24/7 support in English and Spanish by telephone for technical questions, interpretation of results, counseling, and referrals for follow-up support and care. For more information about HIV testing of oral specimens, see Alternative HIV Tests: Oral and Urine Specimens.
When discussing the use of in-home HIV tests with patients, the care provider should emphasize that though in-home tests have been shown to be generally accurate [Figueroa et al. 2018], both nonreactive and reactive results of any in-home HIV testing should be repeated by a laboratory. An additional limitation of in-home testing is that specimen handling and storage of testing kits are not performed by trained professionals, which may introduce error into the process. Many non-FDA-approved kits with questionable reliability are marketed illegally over the Internet and in newspaper and magazine advertisements. In the clinical arena, standard serological repeat testing, preferably a 4th-generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassay, is required for both nonreactive and reactive results of any in-home HIV test.
Figueroa C, Johnson C, Ford N, et al. Reliability of HIV rapid diagnostic tests for self-testing compared with testing by health-care workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet HIV 2018;5(6):e277-e290. [PMID: 29703707]
Lasry A, Sansom SL, Wolitski RJ, et al. HIV sexual transmission risk among serodiscordant couples: assessing the effects of combining prevention strategies. AIDS 2014;28(10):1521-1529. [PMID: 24804859]
Masciotra S, Luo W, Youngpairoj AS, et al. Performance of the Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo Rapid Test with specimens from HIV-1 seroconverters from the US and HIV-2 infected individuals from Ivory Coast. J Clin Virol 2013;58 Suppl 1:e54-58. [PMID: 23911678]
Masciotra S, McDougal JS, Feldman J, et al. Evaluation of an alternative HIV diagnostic algorithm using specimens from seroconversion panels and persons with established HIV infections. J Clin Virol 2011;52 Suppl 1:S17-22. [PMID: 21981983]
Nasrullah M, Ethridge SF, Delaney KP, et al. Comparison of alternative interpretive criteria for the HIV-1 Western blot and results of the Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Test for classifying HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections. J Clin Virol 2011;52 Suppl 1:S23-27. [PMID: 21993309]
Owen SM, Yang C, Spira T, et al. Alternative algorithms for human immunodeficiency virus infection diagnosis using tests that are licensed in the United States. J Clin Microbiol 2008;46(5):1588-1595. [PMID: 18322061]
Torian LV, Eavey JJ, Punsalang AP, et al. HIV type 2 in New York City, 2000-2008. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51(11):1334-1342. [PMID: 21039219]
Table 3: Characteristics of FDA-Approved Rapid HIV Tests
Test (manufacturer) Sensitivity (95%) [a] Specificity (95%)
ChemBio SURE CHECK HIV 1/2 Assay (Chembio Diagnostic Systems)
Detection: HIV-1/2 Abs
Use: POC, lab
Specimens: Whole blood, serum, plasma
CLIA category [c]: Waived; whole blood [b] only
Whole blood [b]: 99.7%
Serum: 99.7%
Plasma: 99.7%
Chembio DPP HIV 1/2 Assay (Chembio Diagnostic Systems)
Specimens: Oral fluid, whole blood, plasma, serum
CLIA category [c]: Waived; oral fluid and whole blood [b]
Oral fluid: 98.9%
Fingerstick whole blood: 99.8%
Venous whole blood: 99.9%
Fingerstick whole blood: 100%
ChemBio HIV 1/2 STAT-PAK Assay (Chembio Diagnostic Systems)
Detection: HIV-1 p24 Ag, HIV-1/2 Abs
CLIA category [c]: Waived; fingerstick whole blood only
Venipuncture whole blood: 99.7%
INSTI HIV-1/HIV-2 Antibody Test (bioLytical Laboratories)
Specimens: Whole blood, plasma
CLIA category [c]: Waived; finger stick whole blood only
Finger stick whole blood: 98.9%
Finger stick whole blood: 99.0% (low-risk individuals) and 99.9% (high-risk individuals)
Venipuncture whole blood: 100%
Plasma: 100%
OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid Antibody Test HIV-1/2 (OraSure Technologies)
Specimens: Oral fluid, whole blood, plasma
Whole blood: 99.6%
Whole blood: 100%
Reveal G4 Rapid HIV-1 Antibody Test (MedMira)
Detection: HIV-1 Abs
CLIA category [c]: No waiver; moderate complexity
Uni-Gold Recombigen HIV-1/2 (Trinity Biotech)
Specimens: Whole blood, serum
Whole blood [b]: 100%
Serum: 100%
CLIA, Clinical Laboratory Improvements Act; POC, point-of-care.
Data shown are for HIV-1 only. For HIV-2 data, see package inserts.
Finger stick and venipuncture.
Information regarding CLIA waivers of HIV tests is available from the Wadsworth Center.
A limited number of FDA-approved assays may be performed on body fluids other than blood, in particular oral fluid and urine, to detect HIV infection. Oral fluid, in the context of these tests, is not saliva but oral mucosal transudate (OMT) obtained by swabbing the gums. Oral fluid and urine specimens are collected by noninvasive methods, which offers an advantage in settings where phlebotomy is not available. The absence of needles, blood, and infectious waste also reduces the risk of occupational exposure to infectious agents. However, distinct limitations exist to using oral fluid and urine specimens for HIV diagnostic testing. The primary disadvantage of using oral fluid and urine specimens for HIV screening is reduced sensitivity and specificity of the test methods [FDA 2009a, 2009b]. The only FDA-approved HIV screening tests for use with oral fluid and urine specimens are 2nd-generation immunoassays.
One EIA test and one rapid screening test have been approved by the FDA for use on oral fluid specimens. Though Abs are detectable in OMT, they are present at concentrations 800- to 1,000-fold lower than those found in serum or plasma. The Avioq HIV-1 Microelisa System may be performed on OMT specimens collected using the OraSure Oral Fluid Collection Device, and reactive results must be confirmed.
The OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV-1/2 Test is the only rapid screening test that has been FDA-approved for use with oral fluid (see Table 3: Characteristics of FDA-Approved Rapid HIV Tests). The test detects both HIV-1 and HIV-2 Abs but cannot distinguish between them. This test is CLIA-waived and may be used with oral fluid specimens in POC and nonclinical testing sites. As with all screening tests, a reactive result requires further testing to confirm the result. As mentioned above, very few laboratories offer Western blot testing for oral fluid specimens. If the testing site does not have access to a laboratory that performs the OraSure HIV-1 Western Blot on oral fluid specimens, they must collect a blood specimen for supplemental testing. In some cases, dried blood spot specimen may be used for Western blot confirmation; however, this option is not routinely available in commercial laboratories.
Abs to HIV-1 may be detected in urine, and one screening test and one Western blot are FDA-approved for use with urine specimens. Although urine specimens are commonly used for HIV testing in particular situations, such as testing conducted by insurance companies, HIV tests for urine specimens do not offer adequate sensitivity or specificity for general diagnostic use and should be avoided. In the clinical arena, both nonreactive and reactive results of urine HIV testing should be repeated with standard serological testing, preferably a 4th-generation HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combination immunoassay.
FDA. Avioq HIV-1 Microelisa System. 2009a Aug. https://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/BloodBloodProducts/ApprovedProducts/PremarketApprovalsPMAs/UCM185273.pdf [accessed 2018 Oct 1]
FDA. OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test. 2009b Feb. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/approved-blood-products/oraquick-advance-rapid-hiv-12-antibody-test [accessed 2018 Oct 1]
ALL RECOMMENDATIONS: HIV TESTING
Updated March 2019 by Aisha Khan, DO, and Christine Kerr, MD
Who Should be Tested for HIV?
What does the NYSDOH AIDS Institute guideline recommend for HIV screening in the general population? Healthcare providers should offer HIV testing to all individuals aged >13 years as part of routine healthcare.
What does NYS public health law require with regard to HIV testing? New York State public health law requires that all individuals aged >13 years receiving care in a primary care setting, an emergency room, or a hospital are offered an HIV test at least once and mandates that care providers offer an HIV test to any person, regardless of age, if there is evidence of activity that puts an individual at risk of HIV acquisition.
Who should be offered ongoing testing for HIV? Healthcare providers should offer an HIV test at least annually to all individuals whose behavior increases their risk for exposure to HIV (such behavior includes condomless anal sex, sex with multiple or anonymous partners, needle-sharing, or sex with partners who share needles). Since many people choose not to disclose risk behaviors, care providers should consider adopting a low threshold for recommending HIV testing.
Also, any individual who has been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection (STI) should be offered HIV testing.
How often should HIV screening be performed in individuals who engage in high-risk behavior? Healthcare providers should screen patients who engage in high-risk behavior every 3 months and should provide or refer these individuals for ongoing medical care, risk-reduction counseling and services, and HIV prevention, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Access to care and prevention are important to maintain the health of individuals at risk and to prevent transmission by those who acquire HIV.
How often should HIV screening be performed in individuals who would not fall into a high-risk behavior category? According to data from the CDC [Dailey, et al. 2017], 1 in 2 individuals with HIV have had the virus at least 3 years before diagnosis. Many of these individuals did not acknowledge themselves to be at high risk. The U.S. Preventative Health Task Force notes that for individuals not engaged in the high-risk behavior outlined above, but are still at increased risk, a somewhat longer interval (for example, 3 to 5 years) may be adopted [U.S. Preventive Services Task Force 2016]. A change in sexual partner or marital status merits repeat HIV screening. Routine rescreening may not be necessary for individuals who have not been at increased risk since they were found to be HIV-negative. Women screened during a previous pregnancy should be rescreened in subsequent pregnancies.
Is written consent required before an HIV test is ordered? As of May 17, 2017, neither written nor oral consent is needed before ordering an HIV test; however, patients must be informed that an HIV test will be performed and they may opt out.
Recommended HIV Test
What is the best test to use for HIV screening? The optimal test for screening is a 4th-generation HIV 1/2 antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) immunoassay, which is a laboratory-based test that uses serum or plasma.
Can a rapid point-of-care test be used for HIV screening? Yes, although it will detect antibodies later in the course of HIV infection and may miss early infection in many cases. There are also newer point-of-care tests that detect antigen and, therefore, earlier infection. It is worth clarifying with your facility which rapid test is used.
Which HIV test should be performed in an individual who has been diagnosed with an STI? The optimal HIV test is always a 4th-generation HIV Ag/Ab blood test.
Should a 4th-generation Ag/Ab HIV test be used to screen for HIV in individuals who are taking PrEP? Yes, that is the optimal test. A rapid point-of-care test can be performed at the same time so patients have an immediate answer, but the rapid test should not replace the 4th-generation Ag/Ab test. If exposure is recent (within past 10 days) or patient has signs or symptoms of acute HIV, an HIV RNA test should be ordered.
HIV Testing Follow-Up
What follow-up is recommended if the 4th-generation HIV Ag/Ab test is reactive but the confirmatory HIV-1/2 differentiation assay is indeterminate or negative? An HIV-1 viral load test will differentiate acute HIV infection from a false positive screening result.
What follow-up is recommended if an individual has a reactive point-of-care rapid test (such as OraQuick)? As follow-up, the healthcare provider should:
Perform a 4th-generation HIV Ag/Ab test and counsel the patient that the result of the rapid test is preliminary pending the result of the confirmatory HIV test and follow-up differentiation assay.
Discuss the patient’s option of starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) while awaiting confirmatory test results.
Screen for suicidality and domestic violence and make sure the patient is safe.
Make sure a return appointment is scheduled so test results can be delivered in person.
What follow-up is recommended when a patient’s 4th-generation HIV Ag/Ab test is reactive? In this scenario, the healthcare provider should:
Have the patient’s specimens tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. Order HIV 1/ 2 Ag/Ab assay with reflex. Always include “with reflex” so if indicated, additional recommended tests are conducted on the same specimen.
If the results are negative or indeterminate, then perform an HIV-1 RNA test.
Interpret the final result based on a combination of test results. The NYSDOH Testing Toolkit provides more information about HIV diagnostic tests and the CDC’s Recommended Laboratory HIV Testing Algorithm for Serum or Plasma Specimens. The NYSDOH AIDS Institute guideline HIV Testing may be consulted as well.
Discuss ART initiation at the time of a positive result with the first rapid test. Initiation of ART during acute infection may have a number of beneficial clinical outcomes.
When a diagnosis of acute HIV infection is made, discuss the importance of notifying all recent contacts and refer patients to partner notification services, as mandated by New York State Law. The Department of Health can provide assistance if necessary.
What follow-up is recommended if an individual’s HIV test is negative but they remain at high risk of acquiring HIV? In this scenario, the healthcare provider should discuss and/or recommend PrEP and ensure that the patient has access to PrEP services. The healthcare provider should also provide risk-reduction counseling (e.g., safer sex practices, needle exchange, post-exposure prophylaxis [PEP]) and advise retesting for HIV every 3 months for as long as the individual is at risk.
Detection of HIV
How soon after infection can HIV be detected with existing HIV tests? The length of time depends on which HIV test is used. The “window period” is the time between acquiring HIV infection and the time when a specific diagnostic test can detect HIV. For example, as early as approximately 10 days after infection, a 4th-generation Ag/Ab test may be positive for HIV, reliably up to 28 days afterwards (window period). It takes approximately 7 days after infection for HIV viral load to be detectable on an HIV RNA test. For an HIV antibody test with reflex to Western blot, there is a window period of up to 3 months (updated May 28, 2019).
Can a person who has HIV transmit the virus to another person during the window period? Yes.
Acute HIV Infection
What is acute HIV infection and when should it be considered? Acute HIV infection is the very early initial stage of HIV infection when the virus is multiplying rapidly and the body has not yet developed antibodies to fight it. Clinicians should consider acute HIV infection if a patient presents with a clinical syndrome consistent with acute HIV.
What are the symptoms of acute HIV infection? Symptoms of acute HIV infection are similar to those of influenza and may include fever, fatigue, malaise, joint pains, headache, loss of appetite, rash, night sweats, myalgia, nausea, diarrhea, and pharyngitis.
Which laboratory tests should be ordered for an individual who is suspected to have acute HIV? The healthcare provider should order an HIV-1 RNA test (viral load) and a 4th-generation HIV Ag/Ab HIV test.
If HIV RNA is not detected, then no further testing is needed.
Detection of ≥5,000 copies/mL of HIV RNA indicates a preliminary diagnosis of HIV infection.
Detection of HIV RNA with <5,000 copies/mL requires repeat HIV RNA testing.
If a diagnosis of HIV infection is made on the basis of HIV RNA testing alone, then the clinician should collect a new specimen 3 weeks after the first and repeat HIV diagnostic testing.
When acute infection is suspected, an HIV RNA assay should always be requested in conjunction with an HIV screening test.
Is a person with acute HIV able to transmit the virus to others? Yes. A person’s HIV viral load rises quickly during the acute phase, which makes the virus highly transmissible.
When treating a pregnant individual who has acute HIV, should the healthcare provider consult with a specialist? If acute HIV infection is suspected in a pregnant individual, the care provider should first order HIV RNA testing and a 4th-generation (recommended) or 3rd-generation (alternative) HIV test. If the HIV RNA test is positive or the HIV test is reactive, then, as soon as possible, the care provider should consult with or refer the patient to a clinician who is experienced in diagnosing and evaluating acute HIV infection.
Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
PrEP and PEP
Should all patients who are tested for HIV be offered PrEP? PrEP should be offered to all individuals whose behavior may expose them to HIV. PrEP should be prescribed as part of a comprehensive prevention strategy that includes risk-reduction counseling about safer sex practices, condom use, and safer injection practices, as well as referral to syringe exchange programs and drug treatment services when appropriate.
See the NYSDOH AIDS Institute guideline PrEP to Prevent HIV Acquisition for more information and recommendations.
What is the recommended response to an individual who reports a possible exposure to HIV? Exposure to HIV is a medical emergency that requires prompt response.
A person who reports a potential exposure to HIV should be given a first dose of antiretroviral medications for PEP immediately (ideally within 2 hours of the exposure). The effectiveness of PEP diminishes over time, and PEP is not effective if initiated more than 72 hours after a potential exposure.
Once the first dose of PEP has been administered, then the evaluation of the exposure and recommended testing of the exposed individual and the source (if available) can be performed.
Refer to the NYSDOH AI guidelines on PEP for more information, including recommendations for PEP regimens and follow-up HIV testing. Guidelines are available for PEP following occupational and non-occupational exposure to HIV and following sexual assault.
Should an individual who has been exposed to HIV be tested more than once? The NYSDOH AI guideline recommends serial HIV testing, with the first test at baseline (at the time the person presents for PEP) and then at 4 and 12 weeks after the exposure.
Where can I learn more about PEP (including the antiretroviral medications used for PEP) and PrEP? See the NYSDOH AI guidelines PEP for HIV Prevention and PrEP to Prevent HIV Acquisition.
How to Find an Expert in HIV Care
How do I locate a healthcare provider with experience in treating patients with HIV, for consultation or referral? The NYSDOH Clinical Education Initiative (CEI) provides access to HIV specialists through their toll-free CEI Line: 1-866-637-2342.
NYS DOH AI Provider Directory
NYS DOH AI Designated AIDS Centers
Related NYSDOH AI Clinical Guidelines:
Diagnosis and Management of Acute HIV
When to Initiate ART
Selecting an Initial ART Regimen
Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission
PEP for HIV Prevention
PrEP to Prevent HIV Acquisition
STI Care
NYSDOH: HIV Testing, Reporting and Confidentiality in New York State 2017-18 Update: Fact Sheet and Frequently Asked Questions
NYSDOH: 2018 Guidelines for use of the HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithm for Laboratories
Dailey AF, Hoots BE, Hall HI, et al. Vital Signs: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing and Diagnosis Delays – United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017;66(47):1300-1306. [PMID: 29190267]
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Final Recommendation Statement Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: Screening. 2016 Dec. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-screening#consider [accessed 2019 Mar 19]
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Collected Poems 1943-2004
by Richard Wilbur
With a distinguished career spanning more than sixty years, Richard Wilbur stands as one of America's preeminent men of letters. Collected Poems 1943-2004 is the comprehensive collection of Wilbur's astonishing, timeless work. It will serve as the most referenced trove of this beloved poet's best verses for many years to come.
In Trackless Woods
In trackless woods, it puzzled me to find
Four great rock maples seemingly aligned,
As if they had been set out in a row
Before some house a century ago,
To edge the property and lend some shade.
I looked to see if ancient wheels had made
Old ruts to which the trees ran parallel,
But there were none, so far as I could tell-
There'd been no roadway. Nor could I find the square
Depression of a cellar anywhere,
And so I tramped on further, to survey
Amazing patterns in a hornbeam spray
Or spirals in a pine cone, under trees
Not subject to our stiff geometries.
Richard Wilbur
RICHARD WILBUR, one of America’s most beloved poets, has served as poet laureate of the United States. He has received the National Book Award, two Pulitzer Prizes, the National Arts Club medal of honor for literature, and a number of translation prizes, including two Bollingen Prizes and two awards from PEN.
PRAISE FOR COLLECTED POEMS 1943-2004
"Collected Poems 1943-2004 is the indispensable Wilbur. The emergence of a poet like Wilbur as a hero to a new generation of critics is cause for hope: that readers, not gatekeepers, might rediscover poems written in the spirit of generosity and care, and disciplined by the idea of an uncaptive audience."--The New York Times Book Review
"The work in these five hundred or so pages has been one of the saving graces of poetry in our time, as beautiful and moving as it is artful and accomplished. This collected edition will see a reader through quiet evenings and noisy Metro commutes, indeed through one's whole life."--The Washington Post Book World
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Hospitality Social Media Marketing News - April 29, 2019 Issue
Were getting closer to our peak busy season in the hospitality industry, so now isnt the time to be slacking on the latest and best in social media. Were here to help with that, so check out these new social media marketing updates and how they can impact hotels and resorts.
Hospitality Social Media Marketing News - April 29, 2019
Facebook Announces Improved Ads & Business Manager
Facebook just announced that this year they’ll be releasing a new and improved ad manager and business manager, which are getting newer, cleaner interfaces. There will be simpler navigation, and it will be much simpler for agencies to sync up Pages with their clients and work on their campaigns.
What This Means for Hotels & Resorts
We likely won’t have most of these updates until the late second half of this year, but they’re still good news. The Ads Manager has come a long way in the past few years in terms of simplification, especially once it was merged with Power Editor. Many of our clients still struggle to navigate the Business Manager, however, so making it easier for them to allow the agency of their choice to manage their campaigns will be a huge advantage.
Twitter Media Studio Released End Date Feature
Twitter announced in a Tweet that marketers are now able to set an end date for promotions created through the Twitter Media Studio. This is a new feature, and it’s a welcome one.
Previously, when accounts created sponsorships or promotions through the Media Studio (and not the conventional ads manager), they had to manually shut off the promotions. This tiny update will make it possible to schedule campaigns fully and not worry about one running away from you.
Twitter Adds Subtitles to Native Videos
Twitter users now have the option to upload SRT subtitles to their native videos, which will be played even when users have the video’s sound off. The subtitles will be viewable on desktop, iOS, and Android devices.
We know that 85% of users watch video with the sound off on Facebook, and that statistic is likely similar for Twitter, too. Since Twitter videos autoplay, native subtitles will add valuable context to the video to engage users up front, as well as making it more accessible for our guests that may have hearing disabilities.
You can learn how to create an SRT file here.
LinkedIn Rolling Out “Reactions”
LinkedIn has started rolling out “reactions” similar to Facebook’s, with options including Like, Celebrate, Love, Insightful, and Curious. They’re designed to help users interact with each other quickly and more meaningfully, going beyond a simple “like” button.
These reactions are similar in concept to Facebook’s, which allow our followers and connections to give us more insight into how they’re feeling. This could potentially increase engagement on LinkedIn, and it can give you more specific feedback about how your guests and peers are responding to what you post.
LinkedIn Rolls Out Document Feature to Wider Audience
All member and company pages around the world can upload documents to the professional networking site, including PDFs. These documents can be shared to your feed and within group posts, and you can decide if you want it to be accessible to specific groups of people like your followers, or if anyone on LinkedIn can see it.
This feature is currently only available on desktop, though they’ve said that it will be coming to mobile “soon.”
This feature is a great opportunity for hotels and resorts to share more resources with peers in the industry, along with guests. If you want to upload a brochure showcasing what you offer in your resort through your Company Page, your followers might find value in it and decide to book a reservation soon.
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You can be confident your commercial interests are in safe hands with our team if ever a dispute situation arises. We are known for our deep technical knowledge, our practical experience and our thorough approach in resolving a great range of property dispute cases during the past two decades.
Leading dispute resolution team
We are recognised as leaders in the field of property dispute resolution because we have deeper technical knowledge and broader experience than anyone else. We are the only technical consultancy with a world-renowned in-house QC, Nicholas Dowding. In 2018 we advised on more than 100 dispute resolution cases, including Franses v Cavendish at the Supreme Court.
Supporting you in every kind of property dispute
Clients seek our expertise in resolving many different types of property dispute, including landlord and tenant issues (such as dilapidations, service charges and contested lease renewals), light or boundary disputes, party walls, development monitoring and negligence cases. We provide expert witness for all kinds of litigation matters, and have close links with legal specialists covering the broader field.
Our team has advised on some of the biggest property cases including:
S Franses Limited v The Cavendish Hotel (London) Ltd [2018] UKSC 62 (5 December 2018)
PGF II SA & Anor v Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance Plc & Anor [2010] EWHC 1981 (TCC) (29 July 2010)
Twinmar Holdings Ltd v Klarius UK Ltd & Anor [2013] EWHC 944 (TCC) (19 April 2013)
Sunlife Europe Properties Ltd v Tiger Aspect Holdings Ltd & Anor [2013] EWHC 463 (TCC) (07 March 2013)
Tiger Aspect Holdings Ltd & Anor v Sunlife Europe Properties Ltd [2013] EWCA Civ 1656 (17 December 2013)
Christopher Sullivan
christopher.sullivan@hollisglobal.com
Nicholas Dowding QC
nicholas.dowding@hollisglobal.com
Expert witness and litigation support
Independent expert determination
Is this the end of Ground F? Dispute resolution specialist, Christopher Sullivan, discusses the outcomes of the recent Supreme Court case, Franses v Cavendish Dispute resolution specialist, Christopher Sullivan, discusses the outcomes of the recent Supreme Court case, …
The Electronic Communications Code
Lease clarity needed post-Franses
Nick Dowding QC on life at Malcolm Hollis
Beyond Repair?
Nicholas Dowding QC to join Malcolm Hollis
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Home Daily Current Affairs Current Affairs Today 8th February 2018 | Current Affairs News
Current Affairs Today 8th February 2018 | Current Affairs News
Current Affairs Today 8th February 2018
Dear Readers, Daily Current Affairs News Updates about the National and International events were listed here. Read Current Affairs Today here and stay updated with current news. Candidates those who are preparing for IBPS/SBI/PO/Clerk exam and all other competitive exams can use this and try Current Affairs Quiz to test your knowledge level.
Current Affairs Today: NATIONAL
India successfully test-fires nuclear capable Prithvi-II:
India successfully test-fired its indigenously developed nuclear capable Prithvi-II missile as part of a user trial by the Army from a test range in Odisha.
The trial of the surface-to-surface missile, which has a strike range of 350 km, was carried out from a mobile launcher from launch complex-3 of the Integrated Test Range at Chandipur.
The perfect test launch came after successful trial of Agni-5 on January 18 and Agni-1 missile conducted from Abdul Kalam Island off Odisha coast.
Prithvi-II is capable of carrying 500-1,000 kilogram of warheads and is thrusted by liquid propulsion twin engines.
The state-of-the-art missile uses advanced inertial guidance system with manoeuvring trajectory to hit its target.
Cabinet approves implementation of PMRF scheme:
Union Cabinet has approved implementation of Prime Minister’s Research Fellows (PMRF) scheme at a total cost of 1,650 crore rupees for a period of seven years beginning 2018-19.
The scheme was announced in the Union Budget for 2018-19. Under this scheme, the best students who have completed or are in the final year of B. Tech or Integrated M.Tech or M.Sc. in Science and Technology streams from IISc or IITs or NITs or IISERs or IIITs will be offered direct admission in PhD programme in the IITs or IISc.
Such students, who fulfil the eligibility criteria, and are shortlisted through a selection process, as laid down in the PMRF Guidelines, will be offered a fellowship of 70 thousand rupees per month for the first two years, 75 thousand rupees per month for the 3rd year and 80 thousand rupees per month in the 4th and 5th years.
Apart from this, a research grant of 2 lakh rupees will be provided to each of the Fellows for a period of 5 years to cover their foreign travel expenses for presenting research papers in international conferences and seminars.
A maximum of 3000 Fellows will be selected in a three year period beginning 2018-19.
National Informatics Centre (NIC) to organize three-day National Meet on Grassroot Informatics- VIVID 2018:
National Informatics Centre (NIC) is organizing a three-day National Meet on Grassroot Informatics- VIVID 2018 in New Delhi.
The event will be inaugurated by Electronics and Information Technology Ravi Shankar Prasad at India Habitat Centre. The theme for VIVID 2018 is – Cyber Security and Innovation.
The Meet is aimed at showcasing the various initiatives of NIC in creating and enhancing the security of Digital Infrastructure in the country.
VIVID would be an extensive platform for knowledge sharing which would empower 240 NIC district officials from across the country to interact and leverage on each other’s experience and best practices.
Current Affairs Today: INTERNATIONAL
Bermuda becomes 1st country to abolish same-sex marriage:
Bermuda has become the world’s first country to abolish same-sex marriages, almost a year after it had allowed the same in May 2017.
The country has now replaced the legislation with that of domestic partnerships, giving same-sex couples equivalent rights to those of heterosexual couples.
It is intended to meet the demands of both supporters and opponents of same-sex marriages.
Bermuda Capital Hamilton
Bermuda Currency Bermudian Dollar
Bermuda Premier Edward David Burt
Sushma Swaraj meets Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz in Riyadh:
External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj met Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz in Riyadh.
King Salman inaugurated the prestigious National Heritage and Culture Festival ‘Janadriyah’ in the presence of Mrs Swaraj, at which India is the guest of honour country.
It was for the first time that India was accorded the status of ‘Guest of Honour’ at the festival which exhibits Saudi Arabia’s rich tapestry of culture and heritage.
The India Pavilion mounted on the occasion is based on the theme ‘Saudi ka Dost Bharat’, showcasing the core values and traditions of India.
Saudi Arabia Capital Riyadh
Saudi Arabia Currency Saudi Riyal
Saudi Arabia King Ali Salman Ahmed Salman
Current Affairs Today: STATE
Delhi government schools to have ‘Happiness Curriculum’:
The Delhi government has decided to introduce a ‘happiness curriculum’ in government schools for students from nursery to class 8.
The government has commissioned a team of experts, including school teachers, to design the curriculum, which will be purely activity-based with no formal examinations on it.
The children’s progress will be assessed periodically using a ‘happiness index’.
Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal
Delhi Lieutenant Governor Anil Baijal
Current Affairs Today: BANKING and ECONOMY
Reserve Bank of India keeps repo rate unchanged at 6% for third time in a row:
The Monetary Policy Committee chaired by RBI Governor Urijit Patel announced its repo rate decision on 7 February 2018.
The Reserve Bank of India in its sixth bi-monthly policy kept the repo rate unchanged under the liquidity adjustment facility (LAF) at 6%.
Consequently, the reverse repo rate under the LAF remains at 5.75%, and the marginal standing facility (MSF) rate and the Bank Rate at 6.25%.
The MPC (Monetary Policy Committee) of the Reserve Bank of India in its December review had kept the benchmark interest rate unchanged on concerns of a possible price rise.
Repo Rate 6%
Reverse Repo Rate 5.75%
Marginal Standing Facility Rate 6.25%
Bank Rate 6.25%
Cash Reserve Ratio 4%
Statutory Liquidity Ratio 19.5%
Reserve Bank of India projects inflation for Financial Year 2019 at around 4.5%:
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) projected a higher inflation of 5.1-5.6 per cent in the first half of fiscal 2019 before moderating to 4.5-4.6 per cent in the second half with upside risks.
Unveiling the bi-monthly monetary policy, the central bank also lowered economic growth projection to 6.6 per cent for 2017-18, from 6.7 per cent.
However, the RBI expects a stronger growth of 7.2 per cent in FY19 (7.3-7.4 per cent in first half and 7.1-7.2 per cent in second half) with balanced risks.
RBI Headquarters Mumbai
RBI Governor Urjit Patel
RBI Deputy Governors BP Kanungo,
S S Mundra,
N S Vishwanathan and
Viral Acharya
Forbes releases its first-ever cryptocurrency rich list:
Business magazine Forbes has released its first-ever Crypto Rich List, comprising 20 wealthiest people in the cryptocurrency space.
The list was topped by Ripple Co-founder Chris Larsen, who is estimated to have a crypto net worth of $7.5-8 billion.
He is followed by Ethereum Co-founder Joseph Lubin ($1-5 billion) and Founder of cryptocurrency exchange Binance Changpeng Zhao ($1.1-2 billion).
Reserve Bank of India to link base rate with MCLR:
The Reserve Bank of India has said that t will link the base rate with the MCLR from 1st of April this year to ensure expeditious transmission of its policy rate to borrowers.
Introduced the Marginal Cost of Funds based Lending Rates (MCLR) system with effect from 1st April 2016, the Central bank observed that a large proportion of bank loans continue to be linked to Base Rate.
Former RBI governor Raghuram Rajan had introduced the MCLR to calculate the benchmark lending rate in another attempt to make banks pass on policy rate cut benefits to borrowers quickly and in a more transparent manner.
HDFC Bank hikes MCLR-based lending rate by 10 basis points:
HDFC Bank has hiked its marginal cost of funds based lending rate (MCLR) by 10 basis points across the six month, one-, two and three-year buckets, in yet another sign that bank lending rates are on the way up.
HDFC Bank follows its private sector peers Axis, Kotak Mahindra, IndusInd and Yes Bank which had all hiked their MCLR rates by 5 to 10 basis points effective from January.
HDFC Bank’s six-month rate is now 8 per cent, one-year at 8.20 per cent, two- year at 8.20 per cent and three-year at 8.50 per cent after the hike, effective from February 7.
HDFC Bank Headquarters Mumbai
HDFC Bank Tagline Aditya Puri
HDFC Bank MD and CEO We understand your world
Reserve Bank of India to set up ombudsman to further regulate NBFCs:
The Reserve Bank of India wants to further tighten the regulations around the Non Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) by setting up an ombudsman for these entities.
The ombudsman scheme, which will be operationalised by end of this month, will be addressing the customer grievances in the NBFC segment.
Till now, for consumer complaints, the RBI had made it mandatory for all the NBFCs to have a grievance redressal officer, whose name and address has to be put up in the offices of the NBFCs.
However, with an ombudsman in place, the customers can directly file a complaint, as per the RBI guidelines announced during the monetary policy.
The scheme will cover all deposit-taking NBFCs and those with customer interface having asset size of one million and above initially.
Yes Bank raises $600 million from London Stock Exchange:
Yes Bank has raised $600 million through its first US dollar denominated bond offering and listed the bonds on London Stock Exchange’s International Securities Market (ISM).
This private lender will use the proceeds to fund the bank’s IFSC Banking Unit (IBU) in GIFT City and expand IBU’s growing business opportunities.
Yes Bank is the first lender based out of GIFT City to launch a Medium Term Note (MTN) programme.
Yes Bank’s bond issuance comes on the heels of Export-Import Bank of India’s $1 billion bond on London Stock Exchange’s international securities market.
Yes Bank Headquarters Mumbai
Yes Bank Tagline Experience our Expertise
Yes Bank MD and CEO Rana Kapoor
Karnataka Bank hikes deposit rates:
Karnataka Bank Ltd has increased the interest rate on domestic term deposits on two slabs with effect from January 30.
The interest rate on domestic term deposits for a period of one year to 449 days and for 451 days to two years has been increased to 7.10 per cent from 6.90 per cent (for deposits up to ₹10 crore).
A new slab of 450 days has been introduced with a rate of interest of 7.25 per cent (for deposits up to ₹10 crore).
Karnataka Bank Headquarters Mangalore
Karnataka Bank Tagline Your Family Bank, Across India
Karnataka Bank MD and CEO Mahabaleshwara MS
Digital transactions rise to record 1.11 billion in January:
The volume of digital transactions reached a new peak of 1.11 billion in January after crossing the 1 billion mark in December 2017, according to provisional RBI data.
Transactions worth about ₹131.95 trillion were carried out during the month via digital means.
The overall value of these transactions was also the second highest in a month in the past year.
Current Affairs Today: COMMITTEE
Defence Ministry constitutes a 13-member advisory committee to expedite capital acquisition for Armed Forces modernisation:
Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has constituted a 13-member advisory committee to monitor and expedite capital acquisition projects for the modernisation of the armed forces.
The committee will undertake an independent review and check the status of ongoing critical projects worth more than 500 crore rupees. The panel will suggest measures to improve the capital acquisition process.
The committee, headed by Vinay Sheel Oberoi, will have to present an initial status report on identified projects to the Defence Minister by March 31.
Current Affairs Today: RANKING
India ranks 44 out of 50 nations in global IP index:
India has “increased substantially” its score in the latest international Intellectual Property (IP) index released by the US Chambers of Commerce, ranking 44th out of 50 countries.
India’s overall score has increased substantially from 25 per cent (8.75 out of 35) in the 5th edition of the Index to 30 per cent (12.03 out of 40) in the 6th edition, according to the annual report prepared by the Global Innovation Policy Center (GIPC) of the US Chambers of Commerce.
India now ranks 44 out of 50 countries. Last year, India ranked 43rd out of 45 countries in the index, with an overall score if 8.4 points.
The US tops the list with 37.98 points, followed by United Kingdom (37.97) and Sweden (37.03).
The annual report notes that India in July 2017 issued ‘Guidelines on the Examination of Computer-Related Inventions’ which significantly improved the patentability environment for technological innovations
Current Affairs Today: SPORTS
Mandhana 1st Indian woman to hit ODI tons in 3 away nations:
Opener Smriti Mandhana slammed a 129-ball 135 against South Africa at Kimberley to become the first Indian woman cricketer to smash ODI hundreds in three away countries.
Mandhana had earlier slammed a ton each in Australia and England.
The century was also the first by an Indian woman against South Africa in South Africa.
Jhulan Goswami becomes first woman cricketer to take 200 wickets in ODIs:
Indian women’s cricket team pacer Jhulan Goswami has become the first woman in the world to take 200 wickets in ODI cricket.
Goswami achieved the feat playing in her 166th ODI against South Africa.
Goswami had become the leading wicket-taker in women’s ODIs in May last year, overtaking former Australian pacer Cathryn Fitzpatrick’s record of 180 wickets.
MS Dhoni first India wicketkeeper to reach 400 dismissals in ODIs:
India wicketkeeper and former captain MS Dhoni achieved another milestone when he stumped out South Africa stand-in skipper Aiden Markram off Kuldeep Yadav as the right-hand batsman became Dhoni’s 400th victim in ODI cricket.
Dhoni became the first Indian to effect 400 dismissals in ODIs. He took 315 matches to get to the mark and is behind Kumar Sangakkara, Adam Gilchrist and Mark Boucher to be at number four spot in international list.
Sri Lanka’s Sangakkara who tops this list had 482 dismissals from 404 matches while Gilchrist (Australia) and Boucher (South Africa) were involved in 472 and 424 dismissals respectively.
Interestingly, Dhoni has 105 stumpings to his name so far, most by any glovesman in ODI cricket.
JioTV to broadcast Winter Olympics:
Popular TV App JioTV announced that it has been awarded India digital rights of the upcoming Winter Olympic Games by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
JioTV will work with the IOC to provide comprehensive coverage of the Games in India, thus enabling millions to access live and catch-up content on their mobile devices, on the move.
The Olympic Winter Games are scheduled from February 9 to 25 at PyeongChang County, South Korea.
Featuring 102 events in 15 sports, including skiing, skating, luge, ski jumping, ice hockey and snowboarding, the Games will see participation from more than 90 countries, including India.
Luger Shiva Keshavan and cross country skier Jagdish Singh will represent India.
In addition to working with JioTV, the IOC’s multi- platform media destination, the Olympic Channel, will also stream live coverage of the Games in India.
IPL’s highest wicket-taker Malinga named Mumbai Indian’s bowling mentor:
Mumbai Indians have appointed IPL history’s leading wicket-taker and their former player Lasith Malinga as the bowling mentor ahead of the 2018 season.
Malinga represented Mumbai Indians as a player in 110 matches and took 154 wickets.
Malinga will join Mumbai Indians’ support staff, which is headed by Mahela Jayawardene and also includes Shane Bond and Robin Singh.
Current Affairs February 2018
Current Affairs January 2018
current affairs news
current affairs today
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Yemen: Home for the blind bombed as Saudi-led airstrikes intensify against Houthi forces
By James Lillywhite
January 5, 2016 16:52 GMT
Home for the blind bombed as Saudi-led airstrikes intensify against Houthi forces IBTimes UK
A home for the blind and the Chamber of Commerce in Sanaa are among the sites that have been destroyed by the latest round of Saudi Arabia-led airstrikes in Yemen. The conflict between Iranian-backed Houthi fighters and the Saudi-led coalition has re-intensified after a short ceasefire ended on 2 January.
Airstrikes on Tuesday 5 January damaged a number of military and civilian sites, although no casualties were reported.
Abdullah Ahmed Banyan, a patient at the Noor Centre for the Blind, said: "People with disabilities are being struck in their residence. Around 1.30am, two missiles hit the live-in quarters of a home for the blind. Can you imagine they are striking the blind? What is this criminality? Why? Is it the blind that are fighting the war?"
A ceasefire was announced on 15 December 2015 between the forces. However, it was broken by both sides and formally ended less than a month later amid rising tensions between Saudi Arabia and Iran.
Since the Saudi-led coalition entered the Yemen conflict in March 2015 around 6,000 people have been killed in the fighting.
"The chamber of commerce was targeted last night by an air strike. For what reason? This kind of air strike is not justified and we hope that all sides refrain from targeting commercial and civilian sites and civilians," said Abdel Hakim Naser, head of legal at the Chamber of Commerce.
A party hall for weddings in Sanaa was also destroyed in the bombings. Saudi forces first entered the conflict against Houthi fighters in an attempt to quell what it saw as Iran's growing influence in the region.
In recent days the tension between the countries has escalated after Saudi Arabia executed a dissident Shi'ite cleric convicted of "terrorism". This sparked widespread protests throughout Iran. Since then, Saudi Arabia has severed ties with Tehran.
The Yemen conflict has also worsened hunger in the region, with a recent report suggesting much of the Middle Eastern country is "one step away" from famine.
Iran vs Saudi Arabia: The Middle East cold war explained IBTimes UK
More about the Yemen war
Saudi Arabia says row with Iran will not harm the peace process in Syria and Yemen
Curfew imposed on Aden after 17 killed in fighting
Saudi Arabia and allies responsible for \'disproportionate amount\' of civilian deaths
Yemen\'s civil war rages on as peace talks end in Switzerland
Scores of Houthi rebels and government troops killed in fresh fighting near Saudi border
Related topics : Saudi Arabia Iran
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Promoting Good Governance.
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Will Buhari take six months again to name his cabinet?
Featured NewsiNews
By YEKEEN Akinwale On Jun 24, 2019
President Muhammadu Buhari. Esther Addy/Flickr
MORE than any of his elected predecessors, President Muhammadu Buhari is taking more time to name his cabinet for his second term despite high expectations from Nigerians.
It is getting to 30 days that he was sworn-in for another term of four years, yet the president has not submitted the list of his proposed ministers to the National Assembly, heightening speculations that he may again take a long time as he did in 2015.
This is despite assurance by his Special Adviser on Media and Publicity, Femi Adesina that the president would not delay in appointing ministers for the second term.
“The circumstances are no longer the same. So, there would be no delay. When you land in the mud of poor and delayed handover notes as happened in 2015, with a vandalised economy and a polity with different types of challenges, the delay would be understandable. But now, we have the good fortune of transition from government to government headed by the same President and Vice President, things can then be done more expeditiously,” Adesina was quoted as saying.
There are no clear signals from the presidency as to when the cabinet will be ready despite rumour that the president may send his list to the National Assembly in July as the new lawmakers are due for resumption on July 2 from their recess after the inauguration of the 9th Assembly.
The president has always attracted criticisms for his snail-speed approach to governance. The president also did not shuffle his cabinet once for the four-year period in his first term. He was reported to have said that “he was not in a hurry to do anything.”
His late formation of the cabinet was partly blamed for the country’s recession in August 2016.
Former presidents Olusegun Obasanjo, late Umaru Musa Yar’Adua and Goodluck Jonathan took less time to form their cabinets.
President Buhari after taking the oath of office in 2015 did not name his cabinet until November 11 —six months after his inauguration.
His spokesperson, Garba Shehu said then that the delay was to allow the president assemble credible ministers to lead his government. But many critics thought the delay was bad for business.
He was also defended by the former Minister of Power, Works and Housing, Babatunde Fashola, who argued that forming a cabinet was not an easy task.
“I think I must have taken about three months before I constituted my team. And it is a very painstaking process, first because of our constitution”, Fashola said.
How long did it take Obasanjo, Yar’Adua, Jonathan to form cabinet?
Former President Olusegun Obasanjo
In 1999, former president Obasanjo sworn-in his ministers on 1st July – 47 of them. That was just 32 days after he took the oath of office. The ministerial nominees’ list was sent to the Senate shortly after May 29.
When he was inaugurated for his second term in 2003, he forwarded the list of his proposed ministers to the National Assembly in June.
Late Musa Yar’Adua formed his cabinet of 39 ministers on July 27, 2007 — exactly 58 days into the duration of his government. The late president who later took ill also named another cabinet on December 17, 2008, comprising 37 ministers before his eventual demise on May 5, 2010.
Goodluck Jonathan who first took over as acting president following the sickness of Yar’Adua also dissolved the cabinet on March 16, 2010, and named another one on April 16 same year after a pronouncement by a Federal Court and confirmation by the Senate as the acting president.
On July 11, 2011, Jonathan also unveiled his new cabinet having won an election as the substantive president of Nigeria. It was exactly 42 days after his swearing-in.
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Author:Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
SHERLOCK HOLMES: THE COMPLETE NOVELS AND STORIES, VOLUME II
By: Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
Publisher: Bantam Classics: 1986
Sherlock HolmesThe Complete Novels and StoriesVolume IISince his first appe arance in Beeton's Christmas Annual in 1887, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherl ock Holmes has been one of the most beloved fictional characters ever creat ed. Now, in two paperback volumes, Bantam presents all fifty-six short stor ies and four novels featuring Conan Doyle's classic hero--a truly complete collection of Sherlock Holmes's adventures in crime!Volume II begins with T he Hound of the Baskervilles, a haunting novel of murder on eerie Grimpen M oor, which has rightly earned its reputation as the finest murder mys... View more info
TALES OF ADVENTURES AND MEDICAL LIFE
Publisher: Alma Classics: 2015
Tales of Adventure and Medical Life, one of the collections Arthur Conan Do yle published at the end of his career, anthologizes some of his best short fiction outside of the Sherlock Holmes canon. As well as various tales of escapades in Egypt, London and the far-flung regions of northern Scotland, he included stories which deal with a subject that, as a physician himself, he had a unique perspective on: the medical profession. London surgeons and country doctors, male and female, are described as they deal with business and sentimental issues and encounter incredible situations - both comic... View more info
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Tech Specs & Features
GDB Pager
SEND A MESSAGE TO ANYONE, ANYWHERE AT ANY TIME. INDOORS OR OUTSIDE, FROM POLE TO POLE – WE HAVE IT COVERED.
Whilst satellite based paging has been achieved in the past, the reception limitations, software deficiencies and hardware capabilities have severely constrained the feasible range of applications.
The GDB Pager is a revolution in wireless communication technology. Together with the Iridium Burst® satellite service, the GDB Pager offers the first truly global roaming capability in a small, hand-held, personal message receiver. Whilst it offers the best in paging features, the GDB Pager does not operate like a typical pager. Most pagers receive messages transmitted from towers on the ground. The GDB Pager receives messages transmitted directly from the global network of Iridium satellites. With most satellite-based communication, such as satellite TV or the Global Positioning System (GPS), a satellite dish or hand-held unit must be positioned outside of buildings to receive information. However, with the GDB Pager, you can now receive messages inside buildings.
From tsunami warnings to weather and traffic alerts, over-the-air updates and other machine-to-machine (M2M) applications, the GDB Pager presents an unrivalled opportunity for businesses, government agencies, military and other entities to broadcast and receive data.
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Sophisticated web-based and smartphone tools enable you to create and dispatch messages to any geographical area. Click here to find out more about the GDB Portal.
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Extend the reach of Iridium Burst indoors with GDB Boost. The external antenna provides you with the same level of coverage you would have if you were outside!
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Technical Specifications & Features
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATION
Dimensions: 115 mm x 72 mm x 31 mm
Weight: ~220g
Enclosure: Polycarbonate with rubber cover. Rugged Design to withstand rough treatment and use in rough conditions.
Waterproof IP67.
Connector: USB Micro
Input Voltage: 5.0VDC
Peak Input Current: 1.0A @ 5.0VDC
Battery Type: Lithium Ion
Battery Capacity: 2600 mAh
Charging Voltage: USB 1.0, USB 2.0 or 4–5VDC
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS (ELECTRONICS)
Operating Temperature: –40°F to +185°F (–40°C to +85°C)
Operating Humidity: ≤ 75% RH
Storage Temperature: –40°F to +185°F (–40°C to +85°C)
Storage Humidity: ≤ 93% RH
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS (BATTERY)
Operating Temperature: –4°F to +140°F (–20°C to +60°C)
Storage Temperature: –4°F to +140°F (–20°C to +60°C)
Charge Temperature: 32°F to +113°F (0°C to +45°C)
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS (OLED DISPLAY)
Operating Temperature: –40°F to +185°F (–40C to +85°C)
Operating Humidity Range: ≤ 90% RH
Storage Temperature Range: –40°F to +185°F (–40°C to +85°C)
Storage Humidity Range: ≤ 95% RH
Cell: LIC 18650-22 L
Rated Capacity: 2550mAh min., 2600mAh typical
Nominal Voltage: 3.7V
Watt-Hour Rating: 9.6Wh
Protection Circuit Module (PCM): Yes
UL recognised component: Yes (1642)
Battery Directive compliant: Yes
RoHS-Compliant: Yes
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Iridium Burst®
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The newsletter of the ISBA’s Diversity Leadership Council
PDF version (for best printing)
, vol.
Brush up on your jury selection skills! The newest title in the ISBA's Practice Ready Series, Picking a Civil Jury: A Guide for Illinois Trial Lawyers, is specifically designed to be a must-have resource for new and more-experienced attorneys alike! Go to http://www.isba.org/store/books/pickingaciviljury for details.
A message from Editor Sandra Blake.
Standing Committee on Racial & Ethnic Minorities and the Law
Committee Chair Cory White provides an update on the Committee's activities.
Standing Committee on Women and the Law
An update from Committee Chair Letitia Spunar-Sheats.
Standing Committee on Disability Law
An update on the Committee's recent activities from Chair Phil Milsk.
Making airports nursing friendly: Senate Bill 0344 —“Lactation Accommodation in Airports Act”
If passed by the Illinois House and signed by the Governor, the Act will require Illinois airports that conduct commercial operations of more than 1,000,000 enplanements a year to update airport facilities on or before January 1, 2017, to provide a clean and private place for nursing mothers to express breast milk.
The ACLU’s Illinois Judicial Bypass Coordination Project
The ACLU’s Judicial Bypass Coordination Project provides minors with information about the state’s parental notice law for those seeking abortions and assistance in obtaining what is called a “judicial bypass.”
Tenth Annual 2015 Midwest LGBTQ Law Conference
A recap of this year's conference.
Race and the Law Symposium
A summary of this program, which took place in March.
The inadvertent advocacy of a transgender litigant
The author shares her experience as a party in the Illinois court system.
Remembering Selma: The unfinished journey
Fifty years after the Selma Freedom March, Loyola University Chicago’s Baum lecture featured Adrienne Y. Bailey, PhD., a senior consultant with Panasonic Foundation and one of the students who participated in that life-changing event.
Meet the Diversity Fellows
Please welcome KiKi Mosley, Hellin Jang and Inez Toledo, who were selected from the Fellows nominees.
Holt v. Hobbs: The compelling interest standard and religious dress and grooming exemptions
In a political climate where the delicate interests of religion and government continue to collide both domestically and internationally, the Holt decision renews the promise of the First Amendment by demonstrating that all Americans, even prison inmates, are entitled to the right to freely exercise religious beliefs and by reminding our courts to review challenges to this essential American freedom with a particularly careful eye.
Immigration reform and diversifying your workforce
Recent executive actions enacted by the President and the Department of Homeland Security are estimated to collectively provide work authorization to 4 million undocumented individuals across the U.S., and impact hundreds of thousands of individuals in the state of Illinois alone.
Defining personhood under the Illinois Gender Violence Act: A summary of the Illinois Gender Violence Act and whether its applicability extends to entities, corporations and municipalities
To date, no Illinois court has ruled that liability under the Act is limited to natural persons. As a result, courts are tasked to consider the statutory language of the Act and whether it may be inclusive of corporate defendants.
Affirmative action, then and now
A history of affirmative action in the U.S.
Pioneers and prosecutor honored at the Hispanic Lawyers Association of Illinois Gala 2015
On May 14, 2015, the Hispanic Lawyers Association of Illinois held its 2015 Spring Gala at Prairie Production in Chicago’s West Loop neighborhood.
Whistling Dixie not the smartest trial strategy, nor racially sensitive, nor consistent with due process and equal protection
Prosecutors say the darnedest things in closing arguments, and sometimes those things amount to reversible error.
Sonni Choi Williams: 2015 ISBA Diversity Leadership Award recipient
At the ISBA Awards Luncheon on June 19, 2015, Sonni Choi Williams, Deputy Corporation Counsel for the City of Peoria, will be awarded the 2015 ISBA Diversity Leadership Award.
Disclaimer: This newsletter is for subscribers’ personal use only; redistribution is prohibited. Copyright Illinois State Bar Association. Statements or expressions of opinion appearing herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Association or Editors, and likewise the publication of any advertisement is not to be construed as an endorsement of the product or service offered unless it is specifically stated in the ad that there is such approval or endorsement.
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Holly Bobo case: What to know about new motions
New motions, including a continuance and a change of venue, have been filed leading up to the trial of Zach Adams.
Holly Bobo case: What to know about new motions New motions, including a continuance and a change of venue, have been filed leading up to the trial of Zach Adams. Check out this story on jacksonsun.com: http://www.jacksonsun.com/story/news/crime/2017/07/14/holly-bobo-trial-new-motions-case/468640001/
Maranda Faris, USA TODAY NETWORK – Tennessee Published 8:23 p.m. CT July 13, 2017
Bobo family friend Tammy Ramey discusses the impact the case has had on the community after a motions hearing before Judge C. Creed McGinley at the Decatur County Courthouse in Decaturville, Tenn., on Wednesday, Dec. 14, 2016. C.B. SCHMELTER/The Jackson Sun
Justice For Holly signs hang at Corinth Baptist Church on Wednesday in Decatur County.(Photo: MEGAN SMITH/The Jackson Sun)Buy Photo
SAVANNAH, Tenn. — In the weeks before Zachary Adams was set to go to trial in the 2011 slaying of Holly Bobo, attorneys said a gun was found, which they believe was used to kill the 20-year-old Decatur County native.
Attorneys have requested a change of venue, claiming Adams could not get a fair trial in Hardin County, just over the river from where the case began.
Jason Autry received immunity, and court documents say prosecutors plan to use him as a witness to testify against Adams in September.
Here are five things to know about the case, the new motions and what to expect when attorneys return to court on Aug. 9.
'A critical piece of evidence'
Court documents filed by defense attorneys for Zachary Adams say the gun that was found is an Arminius model HW5 .32-caliber revolver.
Records show prosecutors notified Adams' attorneys on May 26 that the gun had been recovered. A motion has been filed by the defense to have the gun excluded from evidence and request that no witnesses be allowed to mention the gun.
Zachary Adams gets out of the police car as he is lead into the Decatur County Courthouse for a motions hearing in Decaturville, Tenn., on Wednesday, March 1, 2017. (Photo: C.B. SCHMELTER/The Jackson Sun)
When the motion was filed on July 3, attorneys said they had received two reports from the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation. Neither of those reports indicate any relevance to the Adams trial, where the gun was found or who found the gun, according to attorneys.
Court documents say prosecutors have referred to the revolver as "a critical piece of evidence."
Jennifer Thompson, Zachary Adams' attorney, is seen before the start of a motions hearing before Judge C. Creed McGinley at the Decatur County Courthouse in Decaturville, Tenn., on March 1, 2017. (Photo: C.B. Schmelter / The Jackson Sun)
The gun was the basis of a request by attorney Jennifer Thompson during a hearing June 23 to have the trial reset. Judge C. Creed McGinley denied that request, telling Thompson he intended to have the trial remain a priority and to continue as scheduled.
During jury selection on July 6, McGinley granted the request to have the trial continued to September in order to give Adams' attorneys more time as a result of the gun's discovery.
Jason Autry is escorted out of the Decatur County Courthouse after appearing before Judge C. Creed McGinley for a motions hearing in Decaturville, Tenn., on Dec. 14, 2016. (Photo: C.B. Schmelter / The Jackson Sun)
Autry's immunity and testimony
Jason Autry, a co-defendant in Bobo's death, was offered immunity along with five others. Autry was offered federal immunity, according to court documents, and has the possibility of receiving reduced charges.
Those reduced charges would be based on his honest testimony during Adams' scheduled trial and his willingness to cooperate with prosecutors.
Autry is currently facing similar charges of rape, kidnapping and murder, along with Zachary Adams and Adams' brother, John Dylan Adams.
Dylan Adams is escorted out of the Decatur County Courthouse after appearing before Judge C. Creed McGinley for a motions hearing in Decaturville, Tenn., on Wednesday, Dec. 14, 2016. (Photo: C.B. SCHMELTER/The Jackson Sun)
In a response filed by prosecutors on July 5, they say Autry is expected to testify against Zachary Adams about statements he made about the abduction, rape and death of Holly Bobo. Court documents also say it's possible that John Dylan Adams could be called as a witness, but the state has not made a decision.
Immunity agreements
Autry is one of four people who have received immunity agreements for their testimony with the state. Those four are:
Jason Autry, who will receive federal immunity and the possibility of reduced charges
Victor Dinsmore, who will receive both state and federal immunity
Michael Alexander, who will receive state immunity
Jason Kilzer
Kilzer's immunity notice does not show if he will receive state or federal immunity, or both. His notice does say that the immunity agreement notice for Autry was turned over to the defense, and that after Adams' trial and Autry's testimony, prosecutors would discuss the possibility of reduced charges.
Some of the items from Holly Bobo's bedroom, including a teddy bear, nursing cap and book, were on the altar during a memorial service on Sunday. The service was held at Bobo's home church, Corinth Baptist, four years after she was abducted from her home. (Photo: Maranda Faris/The Jackson Sun)
Autry's attorneys told McGinley in March that he would not need a trial date, though at the time of that hearing attorneys did not confirm why the trial date would not be necessary.
Change of venue
In another motion filed June 3, defense attorneys for Zachary Adams have requested a second change of venue.
Attorneys said that "as a result of massive publicity," Adams could not receive a fair trial in Hardin County and "many potential jurors in Hardin County sincerely believe that Zachary Adams is guilty of the alleged offense."
The motion says more than one-third of the current prospective jurors had received or seen information about the case, and more than one-third had gotten information on the case from social media or on the internet.
Levi Alexander stands on top of an SUV to take a photo of all of the cars that came to participate in the "Ride for Holly Bobo". KENNETH CUMMINGS/The Jackson Sun (Photo: KENNETH CUMMINGS/The Jackson Sun)
The motion also says more than half of the prospective jurors had had discussions about the case with family or friends, and some had had conversations with relatives of both Bobo and the defendants.
"Almost all of the qualified jurors, 91.7 percent, heard or discussed the case. Nearly three-quarters of the panel, 73.1 percent, of those who have heard about the case heard from multiple sources," the motion says.
The motion also says that information has come from more places than local media outlets.
Justice For Holly signs hang at Corinth Baptist Church on Wednesday in Decatur County. Bobo’s remains were found Sunday and identified as hers late Monday evening. (Photo: MEGAN SMITH/The Jackson Sun)
"If ever a case existed where there is a 'reasonable likelihood' that prejudice will prevent a fair trial, this is the case," the motion says.
Adams' trial is scheduled to begin Sept. 11, with motions set to be heard Aug. 9 in Savannah.
Reach Maranda at (731) 425-9657 or at mfaris2@jacksonsun.com. Follow her on Twitter: @MarandaFaris
Read or Share this story: http://www.jacksonsun.com/story/news/crime/2017/07/14/holly-bobo-trial-new-motions-case/468640001/
Beech Lake drowning victim identified as Pinson man
Hardin County bail bondsman convicted of illegal possession of pipe bomb
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What quote from Romeo and Juliet Act 3, Scene 5 illustrates Shakespeare's use of comic relief?
A) Lady Capulet: Marry, my child, early next Thursday morn/The gallant, young, and noble gentleman,/The County Paris, at Saint Peter's Church,/Shall happily make thee there a joyful bride.
B) Capulet: Hang thee, young baggage! Disobedient wretch!/I tell thee what: get thee to church o' Thursday,/ Or never after look me in the face./Speak not
C) Juliet: Is there no pity sitting in the clouds/That sees into the bottom of my grief?---/O sweet my mother, cast me not away!/Delay this marriage for a month, a week.
D) Nurse: I think it best you married with the county./ O, he's a lovely gentleman!/ Romeo's a dishclout to him: an eagle, madam,/Hath not so green, so quick, so fair an eye/As Paris hath.
my best answer is D is that correct
asked by Cassandra
You do NOT have to post the same question over and over again.
posted by Reed
asked by Steve on March 29, 2015
Act 1 Scene 1 .. Romeo & Juliet I don't know the answer to two of my questions for Romeo and Juliet the first one . . . Although Rome and Juliet is a tragedy, much of the play is quite comic. Outline briefly the comic elements in
asked by Becca on February 13, 2007
In romeo and Juliet , which of the following illustrates Shakespeare’s use of comic relief? A . a servant explains to capulet that cooks lick their own figures B. Capulet believes that Juliet is dead when she is really only
asked by HELLO WORLD<> on March 25, 2015
In romeo and Juliet , which of the following illustrates Shakespeare’s use of comic relief? a. a servant explains to Capulet that cooks lick their own fingers*** b. Capulet believes that Juliet is dead when she is really only
asked by Kaai97 on April 15, 2016
In Romeo and Juliet, which of the following illustrates Shakespeare's use of comic relief? A) A servant explains to Capulet that cooks should lick their own fingers. B) Capulet believes that Juliet is dead when she is really only
asked by Gina on April 3, 2016
Please help me with these question about Romeo and Juliet!!! They really are confusing me!! 1. In act 4 scene 1 of Romeo and Juliet, Paris tells Friar Laurence, "Immoderately she weeps for Tybalt's death, / and therefore have I
asked by Becca on April 7, 2016
. Read the following line from Romeo’s monologue in Act II, Scene 2 of Romeo and Juliet, where Shakespeare employs personification: Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon, Who is already sick and pale with grief, That thou
asked by Jana on March 13, 2015
PLEASE HELP!!! Please check my answers!! I'm not sure about a few of them, but i marked the answers that I think are correct. 1. In Act IV of Romeo and Juliet, what is Friar Lawrence’s advice to Juliet concerning her parents’
asked by Becca on March 17, 2016
What quote from Romeo and Juliet Act 3, Scene 5 illustrates Shakespeare's use of comic relief? A) Lady Capulet: Marry, my child, early next Thursday morn/The gallant, young, and noble gentleman,/The County Paris, at Saint Peter's
asked by Cassandra on May 23, 2017
8. What can readers infer from the following quote from Act V, Scene 3 of Romeo and Juliet? Romeo: O, be gone! By heaven, I love thee better than myself; For I come hither arm’d against myself: Stay not, be gone;--live, and
asked by Kendra on March 13, 2015
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Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
Journal of Atherosclerosis and ...
Volume 17 (2010) Issue 11
Effects of Statins on Serum Inflammatory Markers: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Sung Sug (Sarah) Yoon, Charles F Dillon, Margaret Carroll, Kachi Illoh, Yechiam Ostchega
Sung Sug (Sarah) Yoon
Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Charles F Dillon
Kachi Illoh
Division of Neurology Products, Food and Drug Administration.
Yechiam Ostchega
Keywords: Statins, Inflammation, White blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), Ferritin
2010 Volume 17 Issue 11 Pages 1176-1182
DOI https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.5652
View "Advance Publication" version (August 25, 2010).
Published: 2010 received: April 13, 2010 Released: November 27, 2010 accepted: June 15, 2010 [Advance Publication] Released: August 25, 2010 corrected: -
Aim: To evaluate the effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) treatment on serum inflammatory markers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2004).
Methods and Results: A total of 9,128 individuals aged 40 and older participated in the NHANES. The inflammatory markers studied were white blood cell counts (WBC), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin. Other covariables were: age, gender, race/ethnicity, body mass index, prescription or nonprescription medication use within the previous 30 days (statins, anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics). Four analytic groups for drug use were defined: Statin users; AI/Antibiotic users (use of either anti-inflammatory or antibiotic drugs); Combination group (use of both Statins and anti-inflammatory or antibiotic drugs), and a Non-use group (taking none of the listed drugs). The mean CRP level was significantly lower in the Statin use group than the Non-use group (0.3 mg/dL, 95%CI: 0.3-0.3 and 0.4 mg/dL, 95%CI: 0.4-0.5). In multivariable regression modeling, the Statin use group had significantly lower predicted mean WBC (Beta Coeff: -0.2, p < 0.05) and CRP (Beta Coeff: -0.1, p < 0.01) values than the Non-use group.
Conclusions: Treatment with statins was significantly associated with decreased WBC and CRP levels in this large population-based sample.
この記事はクリエイティブ・コモンズ [表示 - 非営利 - 継承 4.0 国際]ライセンスの下に提供されています。
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.ja
The Journal of Japan Atherosclerosis Society
Edited and published by : Japan Atherosclerosis Society
Produced and listed by : Japan Atherosclerosis Society
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Applying to Juniata
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During the 2017-18 academic year, Juniata awarded more than $36 million in scholarships and grants. We also have an exceptionally low default rate of 1.6%, compared to the national average of 11.5%. This means that 98% of our students achieve outcomes that make their debt manageable. In short, we strive to ensure that we help families maximize the use of resources available to them.
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Average financial aid package for first-year students was $37,751.
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Justia Lawyer Directory South Carolina Newberry Attorneys
Newberry, South Carolina Lawyers
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William Randall Phipps
Newberry, SC Attorney with 36 years experience
(803) 405-0009 1201 Boyce Street, Suite 1
Newberry, SC 29108
University of South Carolina School of Law
Overview: I has been practicing law for over 33 years and my statewide practice is limited exclusively to family law and divorce cases. I has an AV rating from Martindale-Hubbell. I served on the Family Law Section Counsel of the South Carolina Bar from 1995 through 2008 and was its President in 2000-2001. I have additionally been a speaker on various family law issues at 25 Continuing Legal Education seminars over the last 22 years and was a member of the Board of Editors for 3 different South Carolina family law publications. Education: I...
Robert Lake
Newberry, SC Lawyer with 70 years experience
Charles Verner
Newberry, SC Attorney
(803) 276-0812 1219 Boyce St
Robert Campbell Lake
Henry Baker Summer
1508 Lindsay St
James Hale
2005 College St
James Parr
Claimed Lawyer ProfileResponsive Law
Leonard Odom
Chapin, SC Lawyer with 19 years experience
(803) 575-8216 407 Lexington Avenue
Chapin, SC 29036
University of Miami School of Law and University of South Carolina School of Law
Lyn has worked extensively in the area of state and local taxation in both the public and private sectors. As Counsel for Revenue Litigation with the South Carolina Department of Revenue, Lyn represented the Department in corporate and individual income tax, sales and use tax, and constitutional nexus matters. Lyn drafted final agency determinations, represented the Department in contested case hearings before the South Carolina Administrative Law Court, and handled related appeals before South Carolina’s Circuit Courts, Court of Appeals and Supreme Court.
Lyn also practiced in the private sector with a large, national law firm where he handled...
Mary Butler Workman
Prosperity, SC Attorney with 28 years experience
(803) 364-4075 1249 Connelly Rd
Mary Workman Esq
Robert Hinson
Chapin, SC Attorney with 30 years experience
326 Lake Estate Dr
William Mitchell Spearman
Clinton, SC Attorney with 12 years experience
Clinton, SC 29325
Eric Hutto
Christian Giresi Spradley
Saluda, SC Lawyer with 22 years experience
Saluda, SC 29138
Claude Robin Chandler
590 Boinest Rd
Rudolph Barnes
Little Mountain, SC Attorney with 52 years experience
156 Barnes Trail
Little Mountain, SC 29075
Jayne Lisbeth Leland
(951) 955-4100 537 Links Pointe Ct
California Southern LS
Chapin, SC Attorney
(803) 799-4747 326 Lake Estate Dr
Robert Anthony Russo
1797 Holly Point Rd
Divorce, Estate Planning, Family and Personal Injury
Jerry Darrell Beckham
243 Harbor View Dr
Thomas M. Cooley School of Law
Rhett Eleazer
912 Lake Spur Ln
Kathy Rushton
108 W Butler Ave
Divorce, Estate Planning, Family and Real Estate
Bobby Long
333 Hanging Oak Rd
538 Water Oak Trail
Detroit College of Law
Chapin, SC Lawyer
(214) 712-4684 538 Water Oak Trail
Walton McLeod
308 Pomaria St
Sally Caroline Copeland
Clinton, SC Lawyer with 36 years experience
(864) 833-2292 309 Jacobs Hwy
Steve Griffith
188 Hayes Rd
Steve Griffith Jr
Prosperity, SC Attorney
Christopher Brough
Spartanburg, SC Lawyer with 15 years experience
(888) 427-6844 275 E. Henry Street
Free ConsultationCriminal, DUI, Divorce and Family
Attorney Christopher D. Brough founded The Brough Law Firm in 2005. Prior to founding The Brough Law Firm, he had spent two years working for the Spartanburg County Public Defender's Office. Mr. Brough was admitted to practice in the State of South Carolina in 2003 and is also admitted to practice in the United States District Court of South Carolina and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
Mr. Brough graduated from Syracuse University College of Law in 2003. During his time at Syracuse, Mr. Brough served as the managing editor for the...
Eric Christopher Hale
Columbia, SC Attorney with 15 years experience
(803) 250-5252 1300 Pickens Street
Business, Collections, Criminal and DUI
University of South Carolina School of Law and Florida Coastal School of Law
General legal practitioner. I have represented businesses and citizens throughout the State of SC in: business law matters, civil litigation, criminal defense, personal injury, appeals. I am SC certified Civil Mediator and presently serve as the Town Attorney for the Town of Irmo.
Freddy Woods
Columbia , SC Lawyer with 23 years experience
(803) 233-1828 3501 N Main Street, #200
Columbia , SC 29203
Free ConsultationCannabis Law, Criminal, DUI and Personal Injury
Howard University School of Law
I am the Senior Partner at the The Woods Law Firm. I have been practicing for over 24 years. Our law firm's areas of practice are Criminal Defense, DUI Defense, Military Criminal Defense (Worldwide Representation) and Personal Injury Law. Our logo is "Justice On Your Side" and our stated mission is to defend the defenseless and help you get your life back. We represent the people against the powerful. Call, Click or Text us today at 864-810-0384 or call us at 864-298-8111 and see how we fight to win for you and your family!
Andrew Littlejohn Johnson
Columbia, SC Lawyer with 5 years experience
(803) 790-2800 5205 Forest Drive
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice, Personal Injury, Products Liability and Workers' Comp
Born and raised in Greenwood, South Carolina, I grew up in a small community with people who took care of each other. After moving to Columbia, I worked for a boutique law firm where I later clerked during law school. I earned my Juris Doctor from the University of South Carolina School of Law a semester early, and later became a staff attorney at the South Carolina Court of Appeals.
My experience at the court gave me the opportunity to learn different facets of law and work alongside some of the brightest minds in our field. As my...
Dayne C. Phillips
Lexington, SC Lawyer with 8 years experience
(803) 272-4504 137 W Butler St Suite 3
Free ConsultationAppeals, Criminal, DUI and Domestic Violence
ATTORNEY DAYNE PHILLIPS has dedicated his life to defending those who are wrongfully accused or who have made an unfortunate mistake and need help. He is a trained and experienced South Carolina criminal defense attorney and appellate litigator. He has successfully defended citizens in felony jury trials and has successfully argued before the South Carolina Supreme Court and Court of Appeals.
Dayne is the 2018 President of the South CarolinHa Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers and is a former circuit representative on that organization's Board of Directors. He is also a graduate of the National Criminal Defense...
Lisa M Hostetler
Lexington, SC Lawyer with 11 years experience
Elder, Estate Planning, Probate and Real Estate
Long term care and Medicaid planning. Special needs trusts. Guardianship and Conservatorship actions. Probate litigation. Estate administration. Estate planning. Real estate closings. Title searches.
Mark D. Chappell
(803) 929-3600 2801 Devine Street, Suite 300
Personal Injury, Products Liability and Workers' Comp
Mark Chappell is a founding partner of Chappell, Smith & Arden. He concentrates his practice in personal injury, truck and auto accidents, catastrophic injury and product liability cases. Since he was admitted to the South Carolina Bar in 1985, Mark has handled thousands of cases, winning millions of dollars for injured clients. One of Mark’s cases created a new South Carolina law protecting young ATV riders. Mark served as Chair of the Plaintiff’s Steering Committee representing 71 race fans injured in the bridge collapse at the Charlotte Motor Speedway and was the plaintiff’s liaison in the Graniteville train derailment class...
Samuel Bass
Spartanburg, SC Attorney with 10 years experience
(864) 583-2223 409 S Pine St.
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury and Workers' Comp
Sam earned his Juris Doctor from University of South Carolina School of Law in 2008, after an impressive undergraduate and post graduate experience. Upon graduating from Washington & Lee University with a Bachelor of Arts degree, Sam combined his love for travel and service by teaching English to preschoolers in Taiwan. After completion of law school Sam was awarded a full scholarship by the Ministry of Education to study Chinese at National Taiwan University. It is this kind of well-rounded experience, patience, and superb communication skills that make Sam a worthy attorney of the people.
Sam has tried a diverse...
Sheally Venus Poe
Fountain Inn, SC Lawyer with 17 years experience
(864) 963-0310 105 N Main Street
Free ConsultationPersonal Injury, Social Security Disability and Workers' Comp
Venus Poe is a personal injury attorney in Greenville SC with over a decade of experience helping folks in Upstate SC in the areas of auto accidents, truck accidents, motorcycle accidents, social security disability, workers compensation, and car accidents. Venus is dedicated to helping families fight for the compensation they deserve by bringing her big firm experience and small town values to every single case she takes on. If you've been injured at work, need help with social security, or even been in an accident that is causing the bills to pile up, then give her a call....
Bradley Lewis Lanford
(803) 790-2800 5205 Forest Dr
Growing up in the small town of Boiling Springs, South Carolina, home of Gamecock greats Phil Petty and Dylan Thompson, I attended Winthrop University and then received my Juris Doctor from the University of South Carolina School of Law. After graduation, I worked as a staff attorney at the South Carolina Supreme Court, while also moonlighting as a legal writing instructor at the law school.
After leaving the Supreme Court, I worked at an insurance defense firm representing insurance companies, individuals, and corporations in personal injury, bad faith, product liability, and commercial litigation, trying numerous cases to verdict. After...
Kenneth E. Berger
Columbia, SC Attorney
(803) 790-2800 5205 Forest Dr.
I am a Columbia, SC personal injury and workers' comp attorney. Since my first day in practice, I have been protecting the rights of those harmed by unsafe drivers, caregivers, and products.
Among the cases I accept are those arising from car accidents, wrongful death, traumatic brain injuries, and on-the-job injuries.
Lawyers in Nearby Cities
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Newberry County
Laurens County
Saluda County
Use Justia to research and compare Newberry attorneys so that you can make an informed decision when you hire your counsel.
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Justia Lawyer Directory White Collar Crime Illinois Madison County Attorneys
Madison County, Illinois White Collar Crime Lawyers
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Find Madison County, Illinois White Collar Crime Lawyers by City
Cottage Hills
Holiday Shores
Robert J Fedor Jr
Cook County, IL White Collar Crime Attorney with 29 years experience
(800) 579-0997 542 S. Dearborn Street
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime, Bankruptcy, Business and Tax
With over 25 years of experience in representing businesses and individuals before all types of Internal Revenue Service proceedings, whether it be administrative or before the United States Bankruptcy Court, the United States Tax Court, one of the United States District Courts or a U.S. Court of Appeals, Robert J. Fedor leads this 8 member firm with his expertise in tax and tax-related matters. Mr. Fedor's experience has provided him with a vast understanding of tax related issues, spanning from tax litigation, IRS collections, criminal tax defense, as well as other tax controversy and bankruptcy related matters. Mr. Fedor...
Dupage County, IL White Collar Crime Attorney with 15 years experience
(630) 765-7365 310 South County Farm Road, Suite F,
White Collar Crime, Criminal, DUI and Domestic Violence
Prior to opening the firm of the Law Office of Michael P. O'Donnell & Associates in 2014, Mike worked at the DuPage County State's Attorney's Office for over 11 years, handling all types of felony, misdemeanor and traffic cases. Prior to becoming a prosecutor, Mike served as a clerk at the State's Attorney office conducting motion writing and legal research. As an Assistant State's Attorney, he has prosecuted thousands of cases including traffic, domestic violence, financial crimes, narcotics, and violent crimes. Mike served in the Traffic, Misdemeanor, Juvenile and Felony Division. He has conducted hundreds of trials and hearings...
Alfredo Acosta
Cook County, IL White Collar Crime Attorney
(708) 788-9900 6825 West Stanley Ave
White Collar Crime, Criminal, DUI and Immigration
Mr. Acosta graduated from Loyola University Chicago with a B.S. in Anthropology in 1996. He immediately went on to graduate from John Marshall Law School where he obtained his J.D.. Prior to, and 6 months after graduating from law school, Mr. Acosta worked for the Cook County State’s Attorneys Office in Chicago, Illinois where he gained valuable experience on how the Criminal Justice System works, including the procedural aspects of the criminal justice system. Mr. Acosta also prosecuted dozens of drug cases as well as gun cases and many other types of felony offenses. After working for the...
Patrick Crimmins
Kane County, IL White Collar Crime Attorney with 32 years experience
(630) 262-0475 825 West State Street, Suite 210
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime, Criminal, Personal Injury and Workers' Comp
Andrea Elizabeth Gambino
(312) 322-0014 53 W Jackson Blvd, Suite 1332
White Collar Crime, Appeals, Criminal and DUI
Christopher Syregelas
(312) 733-0400 19 N. Green St.
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime, Criminal, DUI and Juvenile
Neil J. Adams
Will County, IL White Collar Crime Lawyer
(815) 714-8800 1861 Black Road
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime, Criminal, DUI and Domestic Violence
Any Chicago-area resident who is suspected of a serious crime should have an experienced and aggressive criminal defense attorney working for them. A criminal conviction can carry life-changing consequences, including enormous fines, hours of community service, a permanent blot on your record, and even years in prison. Because of the seriousness of a conviction, you will want a lawyer who is very familiar with criminal law and is dedicated to an aggressive and clever defense for clients. Neil Adams, a criminal defense attorney in Joliet, IL, is just such an attorney. He has been practicing law in Illinois for 20...
Dennis M. Zitzer
(312) 899-9020 150 S Wacker Dr
White Collar Crime, Criminal and DUI
The John Marshall Law School
White Collar Crime Lawyers in Nearby Cities
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performance (47) Apply performance filter
theatre (36) Apply theatre filter
dance (33) Apply dance filter
music (24) Apply music filter
talk (22) Apply talk filter
film (9) Apply film filter
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Fumiyo Ikeda / Tim Etchells
Fumiyo Ikeda has danced with Rosas since 1983. During the course of her career she has also chosen her own direction. She recently created the confrontational Nine Finger with Benjamin Verdonck and Alain Platel. Now she is joining forces with Tim Etchells, who is famous for his work for Forced Entertainment.
Marianne Van Kerkhoven
The Ongoing Moment. Reflections on Image and Society
Marianne Van Kerkhoven is one of the leading and most influential dramaturges and critics/essayists in Flanders and beyond. Her aesthetic and political views have inspired generations of directors and choreographers. Together with Sarma, the Kaaitheater and the Kunstenfestivaldesarts have invited her to give a talk on the last day of the festival, to be held on the stage of the Kaaitheater.
Un spectateur
performance talk
Mon 11.05 - Tue 12.05.09
Jérôme Bel is a choreographer and dancer, but has for a long time also been a spectator. In Un spectateur he emerges as a superb storyteller and guides us through the visual experiences that taught him the performing arts ‘basics’ and which most influenced him as a spectator.
Abattoir Fermé
Snuff (Index 1)
Over the last few years, the Mechelen collective Abattoir Fermé has built up a strong repertoire that swings between dream, hallucination and nightmare. Snuff (Index 1) is the company’s first production for the large stage. It premieres at the Kaaitheater.
Staten-Generaal van Brussel / Etats généraux de Bruxelles
From January to March 2009, 16 evenings of discussion are being organised in order to reflect, together with as many Brussels people and Brussels-lovers as possible, on the challenges facing the Brussels region. On 25 April the main ideas that have emerged from these debates will be put to political figures at the Kaaitheater. This grand finale will be an encounter between city-dwellers, the organisers and experts of the Citizens Forum, journalists and politicians.
Pieter T’Jonck
And all the men and women merely playing. They have their entrances and their exits
Thu 16.04.09
In 2009, Sarma, the Brussels centre for criticism, research, dramaturgy and creation, will be compiling a collection of writings by the theatre and dance critic Pieter T’Jonck. An initial selection will be published online in April and on that occasion Sarma will be organising a lecture demonstration in which T’Jonck both explains and stages his thoughts on theatricality.
Merlin Spie
Le Silence des Danses
Merlin Spie is a visual artist: she does sculptures and drawings, and also installations and performances of which she herself forms a part. Her latest project, Le silence des danses, comprises three performances in three different places in the Kaaistudios.
Retool Earth #4 – Poverty
The fourth academic study of the 21th century by the RITS delves into poverty: artists, academics, journalists, students and other wild creatures set the ball rolling in the direction of the public.
Revolution, repression and religion in Iran. 1979-2009.
Mon 02.03.09
In 2003 the Iranian jurist Shirin Ebadi won the Nobel Peace Prize for her struggle for the rights of women and children in Iran. She has been invited by MO* and several cultural partners to give a talk at the Kaaitheater.
Pierre Rigal
Press is based on childlike fantasies about monsters: how in the darkness and shadows objects or body parts can assume monstrous shapes, become unrecognisable and frighten us. The French choreographer and dancer Pierre Rigal finds himself in a sort of box: a small, empty space which changes mechanically and to which the body has to adapt. The result is an absurd performance that is both frightening and amusing.
CREW_Eric Joris
In his work with CREW, Eric Joris seeks a mixture of theatre and technology. EUX is based on the idea of the ‘doppelgänger’. Through the use of technological protheses, the visitor’s body is duplicated in a mirror image that appears to be more real than the ‘true image’. The project offers an ‘immersive’ experience for one person at a time. An ‘immersive’ experience.
Taxi Val Mentek
Closing concert / performance
The Swiss duo comprising Dominik Scherrer and Christoph Hefti works in the fields of music, film and fashion (Christoph is a member of Dries Van Noten’s creative team). They together make up the art-pop combo Taxi Val Mentek. They perform a frivolous electro-vaudeville concert, halfway between cabaret and video art.
Stef Lernous / Abattoir Fermé & Daan Janssens / LOD
theatre music performance
Stef Lernous, director with Abattoir Fermé, and the young composer Daan Janssens have been working with two young singers and two musicians on a study project based on the work of H.P. Lovecraft. The atmosphere is one of chaos, gloom, madness and ancient gods. Lovecraft is one of the ‘grandparents’ of modern science fiction and horror. His writing presented the prospect of a horrible world for mankind.
Adrienne Altenhaus & Anat Ben-David
Tearing off a piece
The American feminist and writer Valerie Solanas (1936-1988) is best known for having shot Andy Warhol in 1968 (he survived). One might consider her SCUM Manifesto as a radical-feminist rant, but she herself described it as ‘a literary device’. ‘It’s all fresh and juicy, sexy and funny,’ say the choreographer and theatre-maker Adrienne Altenhaus and the musician and performance artist Anat Ben-David (of Chicks on Speed). They are having a ball with it, and if you want a piece, come and tear off a piece!
Simona Denicolai, Ivo Provoost & Claire Guezengar / Danai Anesiadou
Le champ moderne du Sploing / One measures a circle, beginning anywhere
The artistic duo of Ivo Provoost and Simona Denicolai attacks the petrified codes of daily life with gentle subversion, the excitement of activism, mature scepticism and fun. Danai Anesiadou presents her performance One measures a circle, beginning anywhere, a mixture of theatre, autobiography, black magic and avant-garde film.
Claudio Sinatti & Black Fanfare/Demetrio Castellucci
RHOMBOIDE - a live media performance
On the exact day of the centenary of publication of the Futurist Manifesto in Le Figaro, the director and multimedia artist Claudio Sinatti and the composer Black Fanfare/Demetrio Castellucci are presenting a project based on the poetics of Futurism to create something entirely new. The live-media performance will use present-day idioms and media to look at the hundred-year-old aesthetics of Futurism.
Sara De Roo, Sascha Bru, Jeroen Olyslaegers, Danny De Vos & Dirk van Bastelaere
Futuristisch manifest revisited
On 20th February 1909, the first Futurist Manifesto, by Marinetti, appeared on the front page of Le Figaro. It was the start of a long series of 20th-century avant-gardes. Exactly one hundred years later, the demands and expectations of the time are being reviewed and commemorated. After a reading of the manifesto performed by Sara De Roo and clarification by the Marinetti expert Sascha Bru (Ghent University), the writer Jeroen Olyslaeghers, artist Danny De Vos and poet Dirk van Bastelaere will respond to several key concepts in this hundred-year-old document.
Diggin' the Future
What is our current attitude towards the future and what effect does this have on contemporary performance and media art? Diggin’ the Future debates and presents such artistic practices as internet activism, network art, retro-futurism, digital performances, immersive technologies and virtual worlds such as Second Life. China experts will talk about ‘instant future’, a term for a cultural context where present and future coincide.
From Word to Action To Architecture
The New York artist Vito Acconci is considered a pioneer of performance art. Starting out from the video work exhibited at Argos, Vito Acconci is giving a talk on his work, from poetry through video and performance art to architecture and design. It seems that the step from one medium to the next is not such a big one – the focus is always on language and body in relation to space.
Frederik Leen, Jan Lauwers, Jan Ritsema, Eric Sleichim & Maarten Seghers / Ohno cooperation
MANIFESTEN!
music talk miscellaneous
An event that focuses on the notion of the manifesto. With Frederik Leen (Museum of Modern Art in Brussels, on the avant-garde at the end of the sixties), Jan Lauwers (Needcompany, on turning points in the development of theatre), Jan Ritsema (director; on Jérôme Bel’s work), Eric Sleichim (BL!NDMAN, on contemporary music) and Maarten Seghers & OHNO COOPERATION's installation So Man. You can also watch videos by Lawrence Weiner (US), Adrian Paci (ALB) and Deimantas Narkevicius (LIT), and there’s music too!
Kris Verdonck
Actor #1
Sun 15.02.09
‘Is it possible to have a robot that is able to say or act lines from Beckett?’ This question is the basis for Actor # 1 by the artist and theatre-maker Kris Verdonck. You will have the chance to look at his research process. Writing by Beckett will be ‘brought to life’ by means of interactive media (Felix Luque) and a voice. We shall hear ‘live’ reactions to this from the geneticist Jean Jacques Cassiman, the neurosurgeon Dirk de Ridder and the philosopher and mathematician Jean Paul Van Bendegem.
Halory Goerger & Antoine Defoort
&&&&& & &&&
&&&&& & &&&& is about science and fiction and the link between them, about the future that is already in our lives today, about the possibility of finding intergalactic phenomena in a cardboard box, and about migrating to more agreeable planets, etc. It is both a performance and an exhibition, serious and crazy. You are free to wander around on stage and to enter the performance at any moment.
End (rerun)
Melting glaciers, burning forests, cities under water, screens and cameras spying on us, weapons of mass destruction... End starts out from the images the media project onto our retinas. The performance artist Kris Verdonck shows the possible final stages of a human society in ten scenes that are linked by a monologue by a speaking character (Johan Leysen).
Prosthetic Head, Walking Head and Extra Ear: Fractal, Circulating and Chimeric Flesh
Stelarc is an Australian performance artist. The basic principle of his ideas is that the body is an obsolete, outdated machine. He regards the protheses, robots or interventions he designs as an extension of the bodily machine’s capacity. In his lecture-demonstration, he examines three of his works of art.
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Knowledge-Based Systems Group
Prof. Gerhard Lakemeyer, Ph.D.
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Theses/Jobs
DFG Research Unit on Hybrid Reasoning
Submitted by tim on 1. March 2012 - 15:31
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) established the Research Unit Hybrid Reasoning for Intelligent Systems on February 9, 2012 (press release). Prof. Gerhard Lakemeyer, Ph.D., is the coordinator and speaker of the new research unit (members of the research unit).
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR&R) and, in particular, reasoning about actions, their effects and the environment in which actions take place, is fundamental for intelligent behaviour and has been a central concern in Artificial Intelligence from the beginning. To date, most KR&R approaches have focused on qualitative representations, which contrasts with requirements from many application domains where quantitative information needs to be processed as well. Examples of such quantitative aspects are time, probabilistic uncertainty, multi-criteria optimization, or resources like mass.
The aim of this research unit is to integrate both qualitative and quantitative forms of reasoning, resulting in hybrid reasoning formalisms. The work will build on the results from the previous DFG-funded project cluster "Logic-Based Knowledge Representation", where some of the most successful qualitative KR&R formalisms were combined with a focus on reasoning about actions. To increase the practical impact and relevance of the proposed research, experts from two carefully selected application areas, Robotics and Bioinformatics, will be part of the consortium, and both foundational and application-driven projects will be carried out. In the long run, the research unit will take a big step towards widening the use of KR&R technology as part of large, complex intelligent systems.
For more information please visit the website of the Research Unit Hybrid Reasoning.
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Hiwi Job: Implementing AI methods for the Cluster of Excellence "Internet of Production"
Lab Course: High-Level Agent Programming for Logistics Robots
KBSG Staff
Publications (via BibBase.org)
Proseminar Artificial Intelligence SS 2019
Master's Thesis: Learning to Play by Watching and Knowing
Seminar "Selected Topics in Agent Behaviour Modelling" SS 2019
Lecture - Introduction to Artificial Intelligence WS 2018/2019
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JGI Worldwide
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Jane Goodall Institute Belgium > About us > Our people > Our team
Lise Grobbelaar
Director – lise@janegoodall.be
Lise was born in South Africa and is a lawyer by training. Her passions in life are animals and nature and for this reason she joined the Jane Goodall Institute Belgium team in 2015. Since January 2018 she is the Executive Director. Lise loves: animals, Madiba, intelligent and broad minded thinking, reading a good book, people who make her smile, being warm, travelling, anything new and challenging. She doesn’t like injustice, suffering, rudeness, selfishness, laziness, people who disrespect the planet and all it’s living things and being silent when having a voice.
Ronald Eelbode
Webmaster – ict@janegoodall.be
Ronald is a Flemish chemist and webmaster/webdeveloper. Since 2015 he has been maintaining and developing websites and occasionally translating for JGI Belgium. He likes the combination of science and spirituality in Jane’s book Reason for Hope.
Stephanie Peeters
Team leader membership and adoptions – membership@janegoodall.be
Stefanie first got acquainted with JGI Belgium at their annual tree planting event: Forest in One Day. Shortly after, she became one of the membership coordinators and since January 2018 she is the Team Leader for Memberships & Adoptions. Stefanie highly values respect, honesty and open-mindedness. She also loves nature, spirituality, old traditions, history, reading, listening to music, travelling and learning new things.
Kathleen Leemans
Dutch membership coordinator – membership.nl@janegoodall.be
Kathleen joined JGI Belgium being inspired by the stories of dr. Jane Goodall, yet she stayed for finding a heap of similar motivation and ideas in the other members of the team. She practices her feel for nature by identifying and being aware of all kinds of creatures that pass her by. She is intrigued by moths’ beauty and diversity, while big apes teach her on our own place in nature. Currently, she is finishing her biology degree. She likes sustainability and being creative.
Célia Kitenge
French membership coordinator – membership.fr@janegoodall.be
Célia is a Belgian with Congolese background who left the Congo when she was 5 years old. She has just completed a Master’s degree in International Communication. Her passions include Jesus, the protection of humans, nature and animals worldwide. She has extensively travelled through Western Europe and India. She loves playing tennis, dancing salsa, going to theatre, playing chess, creative writing, reading books and visiting animal sanctuaries. She loves being part of the JGI team because they value nature, people and animals.
Africa Barrios Trullos
English membership coordinator – membership.en@janegoodall.be
Africa was born in Spain and came to Brussels to study a Master in Conservation and Ecology. She has grown up watching David Attenborough ’s documentaries and amazed by the trajectory of Diane Fossey. Her passions are travel, nature, discovering different cultures, and the need to make a positive difference for our planet. Looking for an opportunity to be part of the positive change, Africa joined our team in September 2017 and is now an integral part of the membership team. She likes equality, animal rights, honesty and wants to fight against injustice. Her dream is to work for animal rights and conservation.
Diane De Houck
Diane has been a volunteer at JGI Belgium since 2012. She has been managing communication and the Institute’s social networks since 2015. Diane holds a master’s degree in French as a foreign language in the educational and corporate fields, communication and IT. She is interested in several topics such as ecology, paleontology, educational technologies, literature and Chinese language and culture.
She decided to join the team after reading a book by Jane Goodall and especially the quote « Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference. ». Diane particularly admires the work of Stephen Jay Gould, David Attenborough and Jane Goodall naturally.
Sophie De Spiegeleir – newsletter@janegoodall.be
Sophie is a born and bred Belgian. After completing two Masters in Social & Cultural Anthropology and in Victimology & Criminal Justice, she is now working on a PhD project on cybervictimisation. Although her passion lies in human beings and the understanding of their social interactions, animals and particularly Big Apes have fascinated Sophie since childhood (you should see her collection of cuddly animals!). Travelling the world, meeting new people, tasting different food is also her favourite pastime. More importantly, Sophie’s biggest dream is to make this world a better place, which is one of the reasons she joined the Jane Goodall Institute Belgium in December 2017. She is now responsible for the JGI Belgium Newsletters.
Sören Decraene
Søren is a veterinarian from Belgium with a lifelong passion for nature and wildlife. Having read some of Jane Goodall’s books he decided in 2017 to join the Jane Goodall Institute Belgium as a volunteer, doing some photography and helping out when and where he can. He loves the positive energy and mindset from the organisation and the other volunteers and the effect Jane has on people. His passion in life is the outdoors: trailrunning, mountaineering, skiing and hiking in the woods spotting and photographing wildlife. In addition to that he likes reading a good book on nature or adventure or just sitting outside (preferably in the mountains) letting his mind wander off or listening to beautifull music. He owns a cattledog named Bindi who joins him on his adventures. He dislikes people that don’t respect each other and nature, for example by throwing rubbish on trails or mistreating animals or wildlife. He is inspired by Ueli Steck (Alpinist and adventurer who died in 2017), David Attenborough (BBC-documentary-maker), and of course Jane Goodall!
Ivan Dunsmore
Ivan’s interest for photography started when he was travelling in India many years ago and broke his mother’s camera by accidentally dropping it on a stone floor. Instead of buying her a new camera he bought a new one for himself and did not stop taking pictures for the rest of the trip. After finishing his studies in Social Sciences in 2017 he discovered JGI where he is happily giving his contribution to spreading respect for all living creatures.
Madeleine Merche
Born in Congo, she loves nature and admires those who are working at protecting it and defending animals and their rights. She has a strong dislike for people mistreating animals especially those who kill them for their skins and the ivory trade. She loves reading and she is interested in arts.
Alfred Eliba
Alfred is an ecologist and biologist in wildlife conservation. He worked for six years community conservation on grauer’s gorilla protection in the East of the DRC. From 2007 to 2012 he was Coordinator of the Usala Gorillas Reserve around the Maïko national park supported by the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund international, he also volunteered for the Kumu Foundation supported by the Conservation International/CARPE-USAID program in central Africa on preserving forest against climate change. He joined JGI-Belgium as volunteer in 2015 in order to share his field work experience, to improve his knowledge and to contribute to the JGI. He wishes to make a difference to save our earth. He obtained a master degree in tropical wildlife management at the Liège University.
Jessica Amendolara
Jessica works as a legal policy advisor for the Flemish Government. She has been a volunteer for JGI Belgium since September 2017. In 2014 she volunteered at the Limbe Wildlife Centre in Cameroon. She describes herself as a long life learner since she’s constantly taking courses, especially in biodiversity matters. Besides that she loves salsa dancing. Jessica is a busy bee but also enjoys lazy moments on the couch, watching a good series, together with her husband and two cats Nora and Winnie.
Katleen De Buyser
Katleen saw her first daylight in Bruges. And as a great ape and animal lover herself she loves to spend hours in nature as a passionate photographer. The Jane Goodall Institute Belgium is like a natural extension to this innate nature-love.
It’s so nice to fire up awareness and to help address lots of possibilities of what we can do to conserve and contribute to our wildlife and our-all habitat: Earth.
Let’s keep this flame of care and support towards other human and non-human beings, inextinguishable!
Eniko Deak
Eni was born in Hungary. After her experience as a volunteer in an animal sanctuary in South Africa, she decided to join the Jane Goodall Institute Belgium team in 2017. She loves all animals and also cares about the environment therefore JGI was a perfect match. She is a sport junkie, aspiring triathlete and future yoga teacher. If she is not training or helping the cause, she likes to read a book, experiment with delicious vegan recipes, go to really loud music festivals and of course, travel the world.
Tania Parys
Tania is a passionate and freedom loving person. Her daughters, Emma and Margot, have absolute priority. She loves travelling and loves going to less popular places where other people wouldn’t go. She has a constant hunger to learn and likes to challenge her creativity. She doesn’t like mainstream and is always considering other options. She likes to teach and to connect. She teaches biology at school and also teaches kids how to swim, gives aqua-gym lessons for pregnant women and woman who have had hart problems. These are her two big passions. If she disagrees, she will tell you and she still has to learn to be more of a diplomat. She loves people who inspire her…as Jane does.
Sandy Paquay
Sandy is a passionate morality teacher. There’s nothing she loves more then to empower young individuals to stand up against injustice and inequality. She got involved in JGI in 2014 being inspired by all the Roots and Shoots projects of her school. She became a JGI volunteer after a wonderful Music for Chimps experience in 2017. Good to know: Sandy doesn’t eat meat feeling too connected to animals who can’t speak up for themselves; she likes being around inspiring people and that’s also why she loves to travel. She believes, just like Jane, that we can all make a difference and have an impact. “ Be the change you want to see in the world” is her motto.
Margaux De Pauw
Margaux is an archaeologist, but without Louis Leakey around to sent her to a rainforest, she got sidetracked and ended up in the art world. She got her love for nature from her parents, who made sure to put Jane Goodall’s “In the Shadow of Man” on her bedside table. A chance encounter with Jane in a gallery rekindled the flame, and she joined the Jane Goodall Institute Belgium as soon as possible. Hobbies include drawing extinct animals, eating broccoli soup, and playing the harmonica really badly (or so say her dogs).
Christos Maniatis
Christos was born in Athens but grew up in in the heart of Africa, in Burundi.
Robotics engineer by training, his passion for animals and nature is immeasurable.
As he grew up hearing stories from Jane, she became a real inspiration to him.
Beside his love for nature, he loves sport, wildlife photography and hate injustice.
He joined the Jane Goodall Institute in 2017 as a volunteer. If one sentence should describe him it would be: ‘I am not African because I was born in Africa but because Africa was born in me.’ by Kwame Nkrumah.
Louise Delhaye
Louise was born in Saudi Arabia where she spent her first years of life before moving to Vienna and, a few years later, to Congo. She then arrived in Belgium, her mind full of memories and pictures of other cultures and countries. But amongst them, there were also images of plastic bags spread all over astonishing landscape, of people living in misery and of animals being mistreated. More than ever determined to make a difference, she is now doing a master in marine and lacustrine science and management. That’s when she fell on a title of the National Geographic “Be like Jane” that she decided to join the JGI.
Nektaria Moskofidis
Nektaria has Greek roots and works as a legal advisor specialising in environmental and animal welfare law. She is a passionate runner and reads books by the dozen. From when she was a little girl she had a passion for helping the environment and animals. She believes that animals are not objects for us to use and that there is no excuse for animal abuse. She wants to be a spokesperson for the environment and animals who don’t have a voice of their own. She believes that our prime purpose in life is to help others and to make a contribution in this world, or to put it in the words of Ghandi: be the change you want to see in the world.
Laureline Maurer
Laureline is studying editing in a cinema school in Brussel. Fascinated by animals behaviour, especially monkeys behaviour, and determined to take action in the protection of the environment, she decides to help the Jane Goodall Institute by making pictures and short films about some actions of the JGI volunteers.
Jens Warrie
Jens got to know Jane during high school when he wrote a project about chimpanzee behaviour and became a fan ever since. He is currently employed as “MOS-begeleider”, a sustainability coach for all the schools in Brussels. He loves to combine aiding the cause of his idol and his personal expertise in environmental education in the Roots & Shoots-project and JGI Belgium in general.
Lysiane Pons
Lysiane comes from a small town in southern France, close to the Spanish border. She quickly moved to Paris to get her master degree in Cultural Mediation to then go live in Greece where she worked for several associations and to Belgium to work for a science and policy think-tank/media agency. She loves animals, to help people, art, design and all geeky things. Since January 2018 she helps the Jane Goodall Institute with funky new designs and looks forward to do more.
Vasiliki Boukouvala
Vasiliki is a marketer and she worked in universities and educational institutions, both in Greece and in Belgium. She wanted to participate more actively in any kind of effort to protect our natural environment and this is how she joined the Jane Goodall Institute. In her free time she is dancing, biking or reading literature. She loves traveling, inspirational quotes, happy faces and popcorn. She dreams of a world without war, injustice and laziness.
Photo credits (except Alfred, Sandy and Louise): Ivan Dunsmore/JGIB
Jane Goodall Institute Belgium asbl/vzw
To empower people of all ages to make a difference for all living things
Adoptions Donations Membership
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Policy search
Policy Corporate Governance Social Media Policy
This Policy outlines James Cook University’s expectations of Staff, Students and Affiliates with respect to the publication or posting of content, opinion and other contributions on Social Media, particularly where there is an identifiable connection with the University (regardless of whether the posting is on a JCU Social Media site or on an external site). The principles and expectations in this Policy provide JCU with an effective way to manage, monitor and maintain the use of Social Media for its Staff, Students and Affiliates, supporting them to make a meaningful and high-quality contribution to public debate on issues at a local, national and international level.
The expectations articulated in this Policy do not detract from the University’s commitment to intellectual or academic freedom as outlined in the University’s Enterprise Agreement (as amended or replaced from time to time). This Policy also supports and refers to other JCU policies and procedures which explain the conduct expected of members of the University community at all times when they are engaged in University-related activities.
This policy applies to all University Staff, Affiliates and Students who:
create content and social media sites on behalf of JCU or one of its controlled entities;
post content on social media platforms that are managed, owned or controlled by JCU or one of its controlled entities;
act, or purport to act, as an authorised representative of the University via any Social Media platform;
use Social Media in a Personal Capacity and identify their connection with the University; or
where the use of Social Media may adversely impact or affect the University or members of the University community (including Staff, Students and Affiliates).
This Policy does not apply to the use of Social Media where there is no identifiable connection with the University, its Staff, Students or Affiliates.
In social media networks, the lines between public and private, personal and professional can be blurred so Staff, Students and Affiliates must be aware that what is intended to be said in a personal capacity may be linked or associated with the University.
This Policy does not apply to:
the use of Social Media by a member of the JCU University Community where there is no identifiable connection with the University, its Staff, Students or Affiliates; or
communications which are made in a private and personal capacity, unrelated to University business, University affiliations or University activities, and, which do not use JCU’s ICT and network infrastructure.
There may be unrelated profiles, pages or accounts that have no clear connection with the University but may include comments about the University. The University is not able to directly influence these accounts, apart from conversations with site authors and platform owners. Examples include online communities that informally discuss higher education issues or university study experiences.
Except as otherwise specified in this Policy, the meaning of terms used in this Policy are as per the Policy Glossary. This Policy uses the following defined terms:
An Affiliate is a person (other than a Staff member or Student) who is affiliated with JCU by letter of appointment or invitation to work, or research or study at the University for a particular activity and for a prescribed timeframe and who is bound to comply with the University’s policies during that period.
Official Capacity
Use of Social Media as an official or authorised representative of the University in the conduct of teaching, research and engagement or other professional activity.
Official Social Media site
Means any Social Media account or platform that uses the University’s logo and/or name, and represents the University.
Personal Capacity
Use of Social Media in a capacity other than an Official Capacity.
Are websites, online platforms, and online applications that are designed to allow information to be created, shared, discussed and disseminated. Social Media include the sites, tools, channels and platforms used to publish user-generated content (which can be the form of information or opinions) and promote social connections and conversations. Social Media may include but is not limited to:
Social networking sites (eg: Facebook, LinkedIn, MySpace)
Video and photo sharing website (eg: YouTube, Flickr)
Blogs, including corporate blogs, personal blogs or blogs hosted by media publications
Micro-blogging sites (eg: Twitter)
Forums and discussion boards (eg: Google groups, Whirlpool)
Wikis and online collaboration tools (eg: Wikipedia)
Vod and podcasting
Email and instant messaging
Virtual communities (eg: Second Life)
Apps or applications (eg: SnapChat, WhatsApp, WeChat)
Any other websites that allow individual users or organisations to post comments to the web.
The University:
encourages and supports the ideal of the ‘engaged academic’, ‘engaged Student’ or ‘engaged Affiliate’ who, via Social Media and public commentary, are participating in the sharing of information, opinions and ideas that showcase the University’s research and scholarly expertise and the delivery of learning and support services, or otherwise contribute to public discourse;
expects that the same high standards of communication, behaviour and conduct are observed and complied with online as those standards that are expected personally in the workplace and/or in the study environment;
recognises the power of Social Media to communicate beyond traditional audiences and provide flexible teaching and learning opportunities;
sees the potential to enable Staff, Students and Affiliates to engage utilising a platform of equity; and
understands Social Media provides succinct communication options across multiple platforms.
Staff, Students and Affiliates must be mindful of the speed and reach of content posted on social media. Comments posted online are available immediately to a wide audience.
The following expectations apply to Staff, Student and Affiliates’ use of official or personal Social Media where there is an identifiable connection with the University:
Staff are to identify themselves using their relevant University appointment when engaging on Social Media in their Official Capacity.
All Official JCU Social Media sites are to comply with the University’s policies and procedures on Use of Corporate Identifiers and other branding requirements. Official University Social Media accounts, channels or networks are to be developed in consultation with JCU Marketing where relevant
Any accounts, pages or platforms existing without prior authorisation as required will be subject to review when discovered and may be amended or removed. Unofficial JCU related Social Media presences (e.g. student clubs and student administered study groups) not managed or approved by the University must not use the JCU logo, purport to represent the University, breach the social media platform terms of service, or breach the relevant Code of Conduct, or ICT Acceptable Use Policy.
Staff will communicate in a professional manner and otherwise comply with the Code of Conduct when they are using Social Media in their Official Capacity or are otherwise associating themselves with the University.
Individual Staff are only to offer advice, support or comment on topics that fall within their area of responsibility and/or academic or professional expertise, and to not misrepresent their expertise.
Staff, Students and Affiliates are to act in good faith and to uphold the good reputation of the University when initiating or responding to Social Media.
Staff, Students and Affiliates will not disclose confidential information or information that may bring the University into disrepute, on Social Media.
Staff, Students and Affiliates are to respect the privacy of others and at all times to comply with the University’s Information Privacy Policy, related legislation and subordinate legislation.
Staff, Students and Affiliates are to respect copyright and not post, or seek to post, content that includes material that is not their original work or that in any way infringes copyright or the intellectual property of another person (including the University) without proper attribution and/or acknowledgment of that work. This may include photographs, videos or slide presentations.
At all times while engaged in Social Media, Staff, Students and Affiliates will act in accordance with the University’s Staff and Student Codes of Conduct (as appropriate), the Bullying, Discrimination, Harassment and Sexual Misconduct Policy and Procedures, and other applicable policies, procedures and charters of the University.
Staff, Students and Affiliates’ Social Media use in connection with JCU must not breach privacy, copyright, human rights and anti-discrimination laws, or any other laws. Interactions on JCU’s Social Medial are not to include content that is illegal, harassing, hateful, or racist including but not limited to:
profanity;
spurious or derogatory comments;
sexually explicit language, videos or images;
copyrighted material (without lawful excuse or permission);
defamatory content; or
another person’s personal information (including phone numbers and email addresses).
Staff, Students and Affiliates may also have a duty of care to maintain the standards of their professional discipline when using online Social Media, for example, when undertaking clinical or professional practice/placements. Any inappropriate use of Social Media may have reporting or registrations ramifications under a discipline-specific code of ethics or professional conduct requirements (such as Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency,or the Queensland College of Teachers). Where applicable, Official JCU Sites will meet Accessibility Standards and guidelines.
The University monitors its Official Social Media sites and may determine, in its absolute discretion, to remove (without notice) any content including comments, photos, videos or other content that is considered inappropriate. Guidance for moderators can be found in the JCU Social Media Guidelines.
The University will examine postings on external Social Media sites of which it becomes aware, that threaten or incite harm to its Staff, Students and Affiliates, or facilities, or any postings that threaten the University’s reputation, particularly when the posting is false or misleading. The University will take action to the extent possible where it considers a posting breaches this or any other Policy.
Reporting and Complaints regarding the use of Social Media
Any person can report content they believe is inappropriate to the site Administrator or, where relevant, the Moderator of the specific Social Media website, online platform or online application on which the content appears.
Any person can also report serious cyber-bullying or stalking behaviour to the Australian Cybercrime Online Reporting Network (ACORN).
Any reporting or complaint regarding the moderation of a JCU Official Social Media site needs to be addressed at first instance with the site’s moderator.
Any complaint regarding use of Social Media will be managed through the processes identified in the Staff or Student Code of Conduct; the Bullying, Discrimination, Harassment and Sexual Misconduct Policy; or the Copyright Policy or Information Privacy Policy – whichever is most relevant to the nature of the report or complaint.
Related policy instruments
Bullying, Discrimination, Harassment and Sexual Misconduct Policy
Information Communication Technology Acceptable Use Policy
Copyright Policy and Procedure
Information Privacy Policy
Statement on Use of Corporate Identifiers Policy
Divisional Professional Experience Placement Procedures where relevant
Related documents and legislation
JCU Social Media Guidelines
Commonwealth Laws
Age Discrimination Act 2004
Disability Discrimination Act 1992
Racial Discrimination Act 1975
Sex Discrimination Act 1984
Copyright Act 1968
Telecommunications Act 1997
Queensland State Laws
Information Privacy Act 2009
Anti-Discrimination Act 1991
Criminal Law Amendment Act 1993
Disability Services Act 2006
Industrial Relations Act 2016
Work Health and Safety Act 2011
Workers Compensation and Rehabilitation Act 2003
NOTE: Printed copies of this policy are uncontrolled, and currency can only be assured at the time of printing.
Approval Details
Policy Sponsor
Approval Authority
Date for next Major Review (in accordance with the Policy Handbook)
Approval date
Implementation date
18-1 18-10-2018 18-10-2018 Amendment to policy given Student Code of Conduct establishment and revised Bullying, Discrimination, Harassment and Sexual Misconduct Policies, refined to make clear its scope, intent, and expectations for the use of Social Media in the context of those policies. Chief of Staff
Policy Established
Contact person: Chief of Staff
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First tickets issued under Colorado Springs' newly-expanded RV street parking ban
Photo: Winnebago Industries
By Jakob Rodgers |
Posted: Sat 8:50 AM, Jun 15, 2019 |
Updated: Sat 8:56 AM, Jun 15, 2019
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (The Gazette) - Colorado Springs police issued their first tickets recently under an ordinance that expanded a street parking ban for recreational vehicles to the entire city.
Officers have issued at least eight tickets since enforcement of the ordinance began June 1, said Lt. Jim Sokolik, a Colorado Springs police spokesman.
At least half of those tickets were issued to repeat offenders, and most were issued along Sawatch and Sierra Madre streets in the CityGate area, the future home of a new Switchbacks soccer stadium as part of the City for Champions initiative.
About a dozen owners living in their RVs had congregated there in recent months, taking advantage of the area’s free parking. Local RV parks have been full lately and most allow only newer RVs, those built after 2000.
Most of the RVs parked in violation of the new ordinance are much older, and many of their owners could not afford the monthly fee charged by parks.
Opponents of the ordinance feared it could exacerbate homelessness in the city because the affected RV owners were low income and did not have a house or apartment.
Already, parking RVs in residential areas of the city was illegal for longer than “the expeditious loading and unloading of passengers or property.” The new ordinance extended that ban to commercial and industrial areas.
City Council passed the expanded ban 8-1 in March amid concerns that RVs were clogging some downtown streets, and that some people were littering on roadways and dumping waste down storm drains.
The fine for a first offense is $25; the second, $100; and the third, $125. Four tickets requires a court appearance. Enforcement of the ordinance was delayed for two months to allow RV owners time to prepare.
But as the ordinance took effect June 1, many RV owners were left with two choices: flee town or risk tickets and the impounding of their homes.
Several of the remaining RV owners were elderly and disabled — some facing heart disease, lung disease, severe mental illness and cancer.
Since June 1, police have responded to 71 calls regarding illegally parked RVs. In most cases, officers gave RV owners a verbal warning or warning stickers were tagged to the vehicle, Sokolik said.
Two of the tickets were for a second infraction and two others were for a third.
The ticket count only included calls during which officers specifically responded to an illegally parked RV — meaning more could have been issued over the last two weeks.
“Our idea is to get people into a better living situation and assist them in not breaking the law,” said Lt. Mike Lux, who oversees the Police Department’s Homeless Outreach Team. He was not aware of RVs being impounded.
Even so, outreach workers with the nonprofit Ecumenical Social Ministries said several RV owners are still scrambling to avoid tickets, said Ann Lantz, the nonprofit’s executive director.
“That’s what the ordinance was set up to do,” Lantz said. “These are the people who can least afford these tickets. We would certainly be willing to talk with them and to see if there’s anything we can do to help them. But this is the reality we have now.”
At least one person has stepped forward to provide land east of town in unincorporated El Paso County for some RVs, said Leigh Allen, an outreach worker for the nonprofit. But several RV owners still remain in the city — finding new places to park every day, sometimes in business parking lots, to avoid a ticket.
“They’re moving around — that’s their only option right now,” Allen said.
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LHD Lawyers has specialists who will investigate your entitlements for Superannuation and Insurance claims including total and permanent disability, travel impairment, income protection and death benefits.
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LHD Lawyers provide clients with a range of general law services required throughout a person’s lifetime, from offering insurance and contract dispute advice through to Will preparation and Powers of Attorney, and everything in between.
LHD Lawyers can provide experienced legal advice and representation on a number of areas concerning when you, or a loved one departs. Our contesting a will cases work on a No Win No Fee basis - which means you only have to pay legal fees if we win your case.
What is medical negligence?
When you visit a medical professional, you are trusting that practitioner to provide you with the best care possible. Sadly, this is not always the case as the healthcare system is not always perfect. In fact, statistics show that from 2011-2017, the NSW government paid out $931 million - over 3800 claims. That said, the medical field is incredibly technical and proving negligence is not always easy.
Medical negligence (or malpractice) occurs when the patient has suffered an injury as a result of negligent treatment from the healthcare practitioner. Although this is most commonly doctors, other healthcare professionals include:
Allied health professionals (such as physiotherapists).
Of course, not all instances of a “bad outcome” from a medical procedure are not always negligent. It is important to recognise that errors can sometimes occur and that doctors do not always act perfectly. Where negligence does occur is when the healthcare professional has not taken “reasonable care” when advising or treating the patient.
What is “reasonable care”?
Medical mistakes or errors in judgement do not automatically mean the practitioner was negligent. The standard of reasonable care is based on the understanding that the medical practitioner has taken steps to avoid any acts or omissions that are likely to harm the patient. Because the definition of reasonable care is open to interpretation, medical negligence cases are often assessed on a case-by-case basis.
How do you prove medical negligence?
As stated previously, proving medical negligence is no easy task. In order to be successful in a claim, you will need to prove that:
The healthcare provider owed you a duty of care
The healthcare provider acted in a manner that was negligent and breached the duty of care
Your injury was directly caused by this negligent behaviour
Proving that a breach of duty of care occurred in the first place as difficult as the burden is on you (the patient) to show this has happened. Furthermore, the Peer Professional Opinion defence means that professionals can defend their claim if their conduct has been endorsed by a body (not necessarily a majority) of their peers.
Even after you have proven negligence, you must still show causation. That is, that the injuries you have suffered have been solely and directly caused by the doctor’s action or inaction. Again, this is not as easy as it seems. Healthcare practitioners, hospitals and insurers will often state that your injury is a result of an underlying illness or medical condition - that is, a pre-existing condition. Therefore, it can be tricky to prove that you would have had a better outcome if the doctor had acted differently. Furthermore, you then need to prove that you have suffered at least 15% permanent impairment, and this needs to be done within three years of you noticing the issue.
When it comes to medical negligence, it’s important to get the advice of a lawyer who is familiar with this highly technical area. Get in touch with our team of expert legal practitioners today to find out whether you have an eligible claim.
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John-Henry Westen / LifeSiteNews.com
Matthew Cullinan Hoffman Follow Matthew
NewsAbortion, Catholic ChurchMon Feb 5, 2018 - 1:36 pm EST
Pope Francis chooses priest to guide Lent retreat who holds Jesus didn’t ‘establish rules’
abortion, catholic, feminism, homosexuality, josé tolentino calaça de mendonça, lent, pope francis, teresa forcades
ROME, February 5, 2018 (LifeSiteNews.com) – Pope Francis has selected a Portuguese “priest-poet” to preach at his 2018 Lenten retreat who is an open promoter of the “critical theology” of a Spanish nun who defends the legalization of abortion and government recognition of homosexual “marriage” and adoptions.
Father José Tolentino Calaça de Mendonça, vice rector of the Catholic University of Lisbon, wrote the introduction to the Portuguese translation of “Feminist Theology in History,” by Teresa Forcades, whom the BBC calls “Europe’s most radical nun.”
In the introduction to Forcades’ work, Tolentino de Mendonça tells the reader that Jesus didn’t leave any rules or laws to mankind, an idea that he approvingly applies to Forcades’ “critical theology.”
“Teresa Forcades i Vila reminds of that which is essential: that Jesus of Nazareth did not codify, nor did he establish rules,” writes Tolentino de Mendonça. “Jesus lived. That is, he constructed an ethos of relation, somatized the poetry of his message in the visibility of his flesh, expressed his own body as a premise.”
When the Portuguese translation of the book was published in 2013 with Tolentino de Mendonça’s introduction, Forcades had well-established herself as an advocate for legalized abortion and the creation of homosexual “marriage.” In the same year she issued a video tribute to the Venezuelan dictator Hugo Chavez, who was then dying of cancer.
Tolentino de Mendonça compares Forcades to Hildegard of Bingham, and says her theology is expressed in “a form that is symbolic, open, and sensitive about addressing the real” as opposed to the Church’s traditional way of speaking in clear, non-metaphorical terms, which he calls “the triumphal univocal grammars that we know.”
“It’s necessary that the doctrinal narrative understands itself to be more of a reading than a writing, more like a voyage than a place, because the memory that transports is not reducible to a legal code, a vision, something automatic,” the priest writes.
Such theology is given to us by Forcades, says Tolentino de Mendonça: “It is precisely here that the frightening [provoking] work of Teresa Forcades i Vila, Feminist Theology in History, which the reader has in his hands, comes to our aid.”
In a 2016 interview with the Lisbon radio station Renascença, Tolentino de Mendonça blasted Catholics and particularly cardinals who have raised their voices in criticism of Pope Francis, dismissing their views as “traditionalism,” which he contrasted with authentic “tradition.”
“Today, we see Pope Francis being contradicted by a more conservative wing of the Church and by some important names, even cardinals, which in a certain way are willing to place traditionalism above the tradition,” he said.
Regarding Pope Francis “welcoming” attitude towards those who are stubbornly living in gravely sinful situations of homosexuality and adultery, Tolentino de Mendonça told the interviewer, “No one can be excluded from the love and mercy of Christ. And that experience of mercy has to be taken to everyone, whether they be Christians who are remarried, wounded by disastrous matrimonial experiences, whether it be the reality of new families, whether it be homosexual persons, who in the Church must find a space to be heard, a place of welcome and mercy.”
Tolentino de Mendonca will preach and give spiritual guidance to Pope Francis and high curial officials during their retreat from February 18 to February 23 of this year.
Pope Francis chooses priest to guide Lent retreat who holds Jesus… Pope Francis chooses priest to guide Lent retreat who holds Jesus didn’t ‘establish rules’ News By Matthew Cullinan Hoffman
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Pope Francis greets the pilgrims during his weekly general audience in St Peter's square at the Vatican on January 15, 2014. Giulio Napolitano / Shutterstock.com
John-Henry Westen Follow John-Henry
NewsCatholic Church, Contraception, Family, Homosexuality, MarriageFri Jan 16, 2015 - 11:53 am EST
Pope Francis praises Humanae Vitae, warns of attacks on family
catholic, contraception, humanae vitae, pope francis, same-sex 'marriage'
In Manila today Pope Francis met with families in the overflowing “Mall of Asia Arena.” In the largely Catholic nation, which last year saw a law go into effect pushing contraception, the pope defended Catholic teaching against birth control.
The Holy Father said that despite the “challenge of the growth of populations” Pope Paul VI nevertheless had the “strength to defend openness to life,” referring to the 1968 encyclical Humanae Vitae that confirmed Church teaching against the practice.
Francis noted that Paul VI knew of the difficulties in families and thus “in his encyclical, he expressed compassion for particular cases.” John Paul Meenan, a professor of moral theology at Our Lady Seat of Wisdom Academy told LifeSiteNews that the 1968 encyclical did speak of particular difficult cases and suggested the use of natural family planning.
Humanae Vitae says that where there are “well-grounded reasons for spacing births, arising from the physical or psychological condition of husband or wife, or from external circumstances, the Church teaches that married people may then take advantage of the natural cycles immanent in the reproductive system and engage in marital intercourse only during those times that are infertile, thus controlling birth in a way which does not in the least offend the moral principles…”
The encyclical speaks of compassion, saying that the Church knows the weaknesses of the faithful: “She has compassion on the multitude, she welcomes sinners.” It adds, however, that “she cannot do otherwise than teach the law.”
The family is threatened, Pope Francis said, “by growing efforts on the part of some to redefine the very institution of marriage, by relativism, by the culture of the ephemeral, by a lack of openness to life.”
“Every threat to the family is a threat to society itself,” he added. And quoting Saint Pope John Paul II he noted that the “future passes through the family,” exhorting the crowd to protect their families.
“Our world needs good and strong families to overcome these threats!” Family, he said, is the “country’s greatest treasure.”
He called on families to “be sanctuaries of respect for life, proclaiming the sacredness of every human life from conception to natural death.”
Pope Francis praises Humanae Vitae, warns of attacks on family Pope Francis praises Humanae Vitae, warns of attacks on family News By John-Henry Westen
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Tucker Carlson: big business is now at war against your family Tucker Carlson: big business is now at war against your family Blogs By Jonathon Van Maren
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Book Tour: Rise of the Queen by Aoife Marie Sheridan
Today I'm happy to welcome Aoife Marie Sheridan back to the blog with her new book, The Rise of the Queen. First, I was able to do an interview with Aoife, so you can get to know a little more about her, including what books she loves and what she's most passionate about lately!
1. How did you get started in writing?
I had read somewhere a statement that had me putting pen to paper. Being an avid reader I could never get enough, so when I read this statement “If there is a book you always wanted to read but couldn’t find it, then write it” and so I did. I started in 2012 writing my first book titled Eden Forest and since then I haven’t stopped. In total I have released five books and have two more written, and loads started.
2. Who is your favorite character?
At the present moment Abigail Thornton from The Demon Series. She’s a teenage alcoholic who hunts demons and has a horrible background, so she’s intense and tough to write which I enjoy.
3. Who is your favorite author?
I have several Maria V. Snyder, Kelly Armstrong, Charlaine Harris, Julie Kagawa, Dan Brown, Suzanne Collins, really I could go on all day. Just so many.
4. Where do you usually write?
In my study, it was one of the first rooms we did up when we built our home. It was something I had dreamed of and feel very lucky to have such a beautiful space to write in.
5. Do you listen to music while writing? If so what?
I do have different play lists for different stories, but I will only play at an emotional scene, or a kickass scene basically wherever the emotion is high. But normally I wouldn't play music.
7. What books have most influenced your life?
Poison Study, by Maria V. Snyder. It’s what got me hooked on fantasy books.
9. What are you passionate about these days?
My baby girl firstly :) [Kyra sez: Congratulations!] Writing, reading, photography and also love watching Paranormal, Dusk Till Dawn, The Walking Dead, The Big Bang Theory and Games of Throne.
The Rise of the Queen:
FROM AWARD WINNING AUTHOR AOIFE MARIE SHERIDAN
The final Instalment of the Saskia Trilogy.
Sarajane struggles with her separation from Tristan as she moves towards the heart of Saskia to defeat Lucian. But her journey isn’t easy. She encounters The Forsaken, zombies and fights to recover her true form. But with Marcus beside her and the help of Willow she makes her journey to her final destination but nothing is as it seems.
Verona and Mirium try to understand why their visions are gone, what Prudentia is up to? and find Sarajane. All the while Tristan and Verona are at war with each other, and politics makes each decision difficult with Morrick.
Loved ones will be lost, decisions will be final, and all betrayals will rise to the surface.
Step into Saskia for the last time.
Available at Amazon
Aoife Marie Sheridan has loved reading from a very young age, starting off with Mills and Boon books given to by her grandmother. Her love for romances grew, by the age of 14 she had read hundreds of them.
Aoife has a passion for writing poetry or in her eyes her journal entries. It was something she did throughout her teens and into her twenties. Aoife won first place for two of her poems and had them published at a young age of just nineteen.
Aoife's first book Eden Forest (Part one of the Saskia Trilogy) took first place with Writers Got Talent 2013. Aoife continues to write tales of fantasy and romance.
To find out more about Aoife Marie Sheridan you can visit her at:
Amazon | Facebook | Website | email | Blog | Goodreads | Twitter | Google Plus | Linkedin | Pinterest
Subscribe to Aoife Marie Sheridan's Mailing List
Aoife link
'Thanks for having me on your blog. :)
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This is Bernie Sanders' plan to lead Democrats out of the wilderness
By Evan Halper
In a conversation with reporters on Nov. 17, Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders laid out his vision for where his progressive wing wants to take the Democratic Party. Here's Sanders' plan.
With the Democratic Party lost in the postelection wilderness, Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders is aggressively reasserting himself, offering his vision for the path out as he takes on a leadership role in his caucus as the chair of outreach.
In a wide-ranging conversation Thursday with reporters, Sanders — who plans to continue to serve as an independent, not a Democrat — offered a preview for where his progressive wing wants to take the Democratic Party. He also had some choice words about President-elect Donald Trump, particularly when the conversation turned to his threat to prosecute Hillary Clinton.
"It would be almost beyond comprehension," Sanders said at an event hosted by the Christian Science Monitor. "This is the United States of America. We do not prosecute our political opponents and try to throw them in jail. It would completely divide this country. It would be an outrage."
The Sanders plan for a Democratic comeback, though, doesn't involve battling every Trump initiative. His colleagues, he said, would be better served by picking their fights selectively. Trump co-opted the Democratic agenda with a populist pitch. Here's where Sanders wants Democrats to go now:
Work with Trump on trade
Although Sanders finds many of Trump's campaign promises deeply disturbing, he warned that Democrats would be foolish to resist an argument at the core of Trump's economic agenda: that international trade deals should be renegotiated.
As other lawmakers bristle at Trump's vows to tear apart the North American Free Trade Agreement and smack tariffs on American companies that move their factories abroad, Sanders wants to hold Trump to those promises. Doing so, he said, will send a clear signal to the displaced Rust Belt workers who voted for Trump that the Democratic Party can deliver for them.
"It is high time corporate America understands they cannot get the benefits of being American corporations while at the same time turning their backs on the American working class," Sanders said.
Though he doubts that Trump will crack down on companies as promised, Sanders argued that Democrats should work with him "to tell corporate America you cannot keep running all over the world … searching for cheap labor while you destroy the working class of this country."
Don’t sugarcoat the Obama years
Democrats talk often about how much the economy has improved under President Obama, and Sanders said it's a fair point considering what a mess the president inherited. But the Vermonter said that pressing that case overlooks the reality that the middle class is shrinking rapidly. Displaced workers who once earned a good living in now-shuttered factories and mines are only going to be repelled by the argument that everything was bad before and it is good now.
"Democrats too often have ignored that over a 40-year period … the middle class of this country has been shrinking," Sanders said. "Real wages for American workers have gone down. Inequality has gone up. Those are real issues, and the Democratic Party has got to address them."
Keep racial justice front and center
Hundreds of callers have flooded Sanders' office phone lines, urging him to keep pressuring for the dismissal of Stephen Bannon, the right-wing media executive and white-nationalist favorite recently named Trump's chief White House strategist. It's a reflection, Sanders said, of how far outside the mainstream of American opinion Trump is when he delivers his rants on Mexican immigrants, Muslims and the state of African American communities.
"I will not compromise with racism. And I will not compromise with sexism. And I will not compromise with homophobia. And I will not compromise with Islamophobia," Sanders said. "There are areas I would have hoped that in 2016 we would have put behind us."
To that effect, Sanders, the newly minted chairman of outreach for the Senate Democratic leadership, said Democrats need to redouble their efforts to forge ties with the minority groups that have traditionally supported them but are not coming out to vote in the numbers Democrats need to win. "We've got to build on the current base," he said.
Hit climate change hard
Democrats regularly call climate change an existential crisis, yet they hardly discussed it in the general election. Sanders suggested that is a mistake. Now the White House will be inhabited by a president who has labeled climate change a hoax and who wants to dismantle the Environmental Protection Agency.
"We have got to focus much more attention on this," Sanders said. "The future of this planet is at stake. We have got to bring together people to demand Mr. Trump listen to the scientists."
It is not just the planet at stake, but also politics. Other Republicans who have interpreted their election wins as a mandate from voters to roll back environmental protections have hit serious turbulence. And the posture toward climate change in the states, as well as around the world, has changed substantially since Republicans last held the White House. Entire economies have been reoriented around renewable energy, and countries like China and India are embracing calls for emissions reductions they once spurned.
Trump will be walking into a political hornet's nest if he pursues his plans to scrap every federal climate change program, and Sanders said Democrats should start putting more focus there now.
Ornery is good
One thing that is not part of the Sanders plan is a charm offensive. Grumpiness remains the Sanders charm, and the Vermonter was as ornery as ever while sparring with the media Thursday.
More than once he answered a question by referring reporters to the final chapter in his book, titled "Corporate Media and the Threat to Our Democracy." A reporter's question about who the Democrats should nominate in 2020 drove Sanders nuts. "We haven't inaugurated this president and we are talking about 2020," he scolded. "Because it is easy to write about. What about talking about climate change and if the planet survives? ... Those are the issues the American people need to be talking about. I don't mean to be rude, but the American people are tired of that. They really are. People are turning off their TVs. They are tired of all that stuff."
Twitter: @evanhalper
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State appeals court sides with Huntington Beach in ruling against affordable-housing lawsuit
By Bradley Zint
Huntington Beach City Attorney Michael Gates called the city’s victory in state appeals court over the Kennedy Commission's affordable-housing complaint a “huge win.” (File Photo)
A state appeals court has ruled in favor of Huntington Beach in a lawsuit filed against the city by an affordable-housing advocacy group.
The Irvine-based Kennedy Commission had argued in its case, filed in 2015, that an amendment to a development plan for the Beach Boulevard-Edinger Avenue corridor made earlier that year violated state housing law.
The amendment — which came after residents’ complaints of over-development — reduced the number of permitted housing units in the Beach-Edinger area from 4,500 to 2,100. The Kennedy Commission argued the reduction would make Huntington Beach unable to meet its low-income housing requirements.
City Attorney Michael Gates argued that the amendment was valid because Huntington is a charter city, which exempts it from some state zoning laws. Being a charter city — one run by a charter adopted by city voters — gives it more local control, he contended.
A panel of the California 4th District Court of Appeal agreed.
The city also noted how in 2015 it retained an independent housing expert to identify other affordable-housing sites, all of which were outside the Beach and Edinger Corridors Specific Plan area.
In May, the Court of Appeal panel issued a tentative ruling favoring the city. It effectively overturned a Los Angeles County Superior Court judge’s opinion favoring the Kennedy Commission.
On Tuesday, the appellate panel filed its final decision.
“We are gratified that the Court of Appeal has agreed with the city and affirmed our legal arguments in defense of the city on this important case regarding local control,” Gates said in a statement. “This is a huge win for Huntington Beach and the city attorney’s office.
“Many said we would never prevail. We did. We were right all along, and now the city of Huntington Beach can exercise the local control that outsiders, like the Kennedy Commission, claimed we couldn’t.”
Gates called the case an example for all charter cities not to “give up local control by giving in to special interests outside your city simply because of another lawsuit or threat of a lawsuit.”
Cesar Covarrubias, executive director of the Kennedy Commission, did not immediately respond to a request for comment Thursday.
The commission could appeal to the California Supreme Court, according to Gates.
The Court of Appeal ruling also still allows the commission to argue some of its original claims in Los Angeles County Superior Court, which handled the original complaint.
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M23 and Gatwick Spur closure details as motorway set for six-day works
There will be a series of night-time closures leading to a 38-hour shutting down of the westbound Gatwick Spur
Tom Smurthwaite
A smart motorway in operation (Image: Highways England)
There is set to be significant disruption on the M23 over the next week.
Over a six-day period, a series of closures will be put in place for smart motorway works.
Contractor Kier will carry out the main body of work in a 38-hour period from 10pm on Friday, May 17, to midday on Sunday, May 19.
'Gary Gatwick', 33, finally finds birth family after being abandoned as 10-day-old baby
However, before this work starts there will be a series of night-time closures in the preceding days, reports Surrey Live.
Highways England (HE) says Kier crews will be installing a "super span gantry" at Junction 8 of the M23 adjacent to the M25 between 10pm on Monday, May 13, and 4am on Tuesday, May 14.
"We will have closures at this location on all carriageways on the M23 north and southbound and the entry and exit slips from the M25," HE says.
Traffic on the M23 (Image: David Berman Surrey Mirror)
"The diversion route will be via junction 6 M25, A22, A264 and rejoin at Junction 10 M23."
There will be further nighttime closures from 10pm on Tuesday, May 14, to 4am on Wednesday, May 15, and 10pm on Wednesday to 4am on Thursday, May 16. HE says there will be a full closure in place from junction 8 to 10 southbound, with the diversion route via M25 Junction 6, A22, A264, and rejoin at junction 10 M23.
On Thursday from 9pm there will be a full closure from junction 10 to junction 8 northbound plus the Gatwick Spur entry slip, running until 4am on Friday, May 17.
The diversion route will be via junction 10 of the M23, A264, A22, rejoin at junction 6 M25. Diversion for Gatwick will be Junction 10 M23, A2011, A23, Airport Way and into Gatwick Airport.
The main body of work will run from Friday night to Sunday at midday, when Kier will be concentrating on Junction 9 of the M23, the Gatwick spur and roundabout.
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'There will be a fully signed diversion route in place'
Highways England says: "The southbound exit slip and northbound exit slip will be closed for traffic. There will be no access into Gatwick Airport from Junction 9.
"The M23 main carriageway in both directions will be open for traffic. There will be a fully signed diversion route in place."
Gatwick Airport has released a statement about the weekend works and provided additional diversion details. A spokesman confirms that the westbound M23 spur from Junction 9 to 9a will be closed and "congestion is likely".
"Passengers arriving at the airport by road during this time are advised to allow additional time for their journey or to consider using alternative forms of transport such as rail," the spokesman said.
"The M23 spur road (eastbound J9a-9) out of the airport towards the M23 will remain open throughout the weekend. The main M23 carriageway will also remain open throughout.”
Diversion routes
Diversion routes are:
Southbound traffic (from M25) will be diverted to J10 and via Crawley to reach Gatwick (via A2011 Crawley Avenue, A23 London Road, and Airport Way).
Northbound traffic (from Brighton) will be diverted off the M23 at J10 and via the same Crawley route to reach the airport.
Northbound vehicles which miss the initial diversion at J10 will follow a secondary diversion to M25 J6 (Godstone) and return to J10 via the southbound carriageway.
The closures are the latest stage of the £164 million M23 Smart motorway works taking place between Junction 8 M25 and Junction 10 Copthorne. Advance works started in July last year and the scheme is due to finish in spring 2020.
Key aspects of the project include converting the hard shoulder on the main M23 into a permanent fourth lane and increasing the westbound Gatwick spur to three lanes.
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People stunned after boy, 9, spots this hidden image on a bar of Toblerone
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Former Taoiseach's son Philip Reynolds' horse upsets odds at Cheltenham
Longford businessman and the son of former Taoiseach Albert Reynolds is celebrating this week after his horse, Mall Dini, landed a huge win at Cheltenham.
Mr Reynolds’ 14/1 shot scooped the Pertemps Hurdle on the third day of the festival who outbattled the Philip Hobbs trained Arpege D’Alene by three quarters of a length.
It was an emotional Reynolds who afterwards attributed the win to his late father.
“He got me into racing at a very young age,” he said.
“He used to bring us to Galway when it was a three day meeting and that was our summer holidays so that was where it started.”
Mr Reynolds was similarly wholesome in his praise for relatively unknown Galway based trainer Patrick Kelly.
“It’s incredible, I’ve dreamt about this for so long.
“Pat Kelly trains five horses in a tiny village, this is what racing is all about,” he added.
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You Are Here: Main Section - Books - Other LRTA Books - Hongkong Tramways
Joseph Tse Yiu-hon and John Prentice updating the original work by the late Peter Atkinson and Alan Williams. 2017
The detailed history of this iconic system published in 1970 is included in this book, but substantially updated to cover the further 40-plus years of change and development on the island.
For many tramway enthusiasts, Hong Kong holds a special fascination due to the extremely British nature of its tramcars, four-wheel double-deckers with a distinctly pre-war feel, though modernisation has brought air-conditioning and a more streamlined look.
A4 softback; 216 pages, 500+ colour and black & white pictures; several maps, diagrams and scale drawings.
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A Chat With Eric Fuller, One Of The Masterminds Behind The Life In Color Project
Kartik Kumaraguruparan
What do you get when you have a killer line up of DJs, more than a few buckets of neon paint and a room full of ravers ready to get down? You've got Life in Color, the “world’s largest paint party.”
Formerly known as Dayglow, Life in Color is landing in Los Angeles on November 17th at the Shrine Auditorium. Line up for the night is Felix Cartal, Manufactured Superstars, Savoy and David Solano… so be ready to rage your EDM culture face off, put your hands in the air and get drenched in a rainbow of paint and be one with the crowd. If that sounds like a plan, you can pick up tickets for the LA show here. Not in LA, get all the show dates here.
Before we let you all go on your merry way, we got the chance to throw out a few questions to Mr. Eric Fuller, one of the masterminds behind the Life in Color events. Fuller clearly has a plethora of passion and dedication to this project.
Has there been one night that standout more than others?
My most memorable night was in New York City at Webster Hall. We had completely sold out the show and the line was around the building. The Fire Marshall shut down the party because it was a safety hazard in the street. There was a lot of positive and negatives, obviously the negative being we had to end the show. But it was a real tipping point for our company, it gave us the confidence to go into these markets and expect not just a great show, but a sold out show.
Salvador Dali had his mustache. Snoop has his marijuana. Liberace had many, many diamonds. What have you got?
We have Neon Paint and we make that shit cool to dance with…haha.
Is success physical or internal?
Success is definitely subjective—I think for our company it means putting on great events for our fans, giving them that one night to look forward to where they can just be happy. A lot of people come to our party with certain expectations or even some times egos. After two hours when that paint blasts I think they forget it all, the every day life stress, it all gets lost in the experience.
What is your biggest challenge with putting together a show like this?
Initially it was convincing venues to allow us to blast Neon Glow paint everywhere. That took some time and it honestly seemed easier then what we face today. Today’s challenges are much more complex. Balancing budgets, considering fan safety, venue needs, are our operations hitting on all cylinders, and, of course the most important, are fans walking away with the most incredible experience? Our spectrum of focus has broadened, before it seemed like there were just a few and today it seems like there is so much more that we have to focus on.
What do your parents think of what you are doing?
Parents are all very proud. At first they didn’t understand, I don’t think anyone did really. We went against the grain and made our own path. This party grew from city to city in Florida; it started in clubs and look at it today. We’ve sold hundreds of thousands of tickets all across the world. We took a risk and we made it happen and everyone is really happy about that. I know my parents are really proud.
If you could have a superpower, what would it be and why?
I would 100% be a Superman or Batman. I would rid the world of all the guns, bombs and other weapons that could be catastrophic to mankind. I would force the world to work out its differences through that thing above our shoulders called our brain. I feel like people forget that’s what it’s there for!
How important is it for you to experiment in your field and take on the risk of failure?
It’s extremely important. This industry has grown quite competitive in what feels like over night. People are constantly looking to evolve their events with the best talent, production and over all experience. You hear that phrase being thrown around a lot lately, “it’s all about the experience.” That definitely means taking risks on ideas that may or may not have the response you want from your fans. At the end of the day you’ll never now until you go.
Life In ColorEric FullerFeaturesHeadlinesToursEDM CultureQandA
Event Recap: Life In Color at The Shrine Auditorium, Downtown Los Angeles
By Kartik Kumaraguruparan
Where Color Came From (Life In Color Interview with Patryk Tracz)
By Magnetic
Cops Shut Down The Kappa Sigma Party—But Not Before My Interview With Project 46
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Chrissy Tiegen Gets Real About IVF, Motherhood and Anxiety
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Chrissy Teigen Gets Refreshingly Honest About Her Weight
“I don’t have to be swimsuit model”
When it comes to keeping it real, nobody does candour quite like Chrissy Teigen. From getting hit in the face with an umbrella on New Year’s Eve to her struggle with postpartum depression - she’s never been one to shy away from telling it like it is.
The model and mum-of-two has opened about her recent weight gain following the birth of her son, Miles, in May. In an interview with Good Housekeeping, she joked, “my baby was, like, four pounds and I gained, like, [27 kilograms], and that seems off!”
Chrissy continued, "I think, in a way, we’ve forgotten what a regular body looks like. There are people out there who are struggling, and I’m struggling, and it’s okay to come to terms with realizing it’s going to be a bit of a journey.
"I’m not blind: I see my body, I see the difference in shape, I see that I gained weight. But I also see with those same eyes that I have a beautiful baby boy, and an amazing little girl, and I am very happy. This is a new thing that I can change within my mind, that I don’t have to be swimsuit model anymore. I get to be a mummy, cook, and meet incredible people, and I’m happy to be going through this transition."
Regardless of her shape, we think Chrissy always looks gorgeous. Proving that she doesn't need us to come to her defence when one Twitter user criticised her body - she had the perfect response.
christine teigen on Twitter
You tell 'em, girl.
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RoxboroughThomas A. Edison
The Thomas A. Edison (Philadelphia, PA) JV baseball team won Monday's home conference game against Roxborough (Philadelphia, PA) by a score of 15-0.
Game Details: W and Front Street
Roxborough
Final score provided by K. Heleniak.
Pennsylvania High School Baseball - Thomas A. Edison wallops Roxborough
April 8, 2019: Philadelphia, PA 19140
Spectators at Monday's league battle between the Thomas A. Edison Owls (Philadelphia, PA) and the visiting Roxborough Indians (Philadelphia, PA), saw Thomas A. Edison's baseball squad knock off Roxborough by a count of 15-0.
Coming up next, the Owls play the Horace Furness (Philadelphia, PA) in a battle, on Wednesday, April 10. Thomas A. Edison will attempt to move on its 2-0 season record. The enter the battle with a 0-1 record after their 17-0 league loss to First Philadelphia Prep (Philadelphia, PA).
The Indians now possess a 1-2 record. They take the field next when they host Audenried for a battle on Wednesday, April 10. Roxborough will play a squad coming off a 1-0 league loss to First Philadelphia Prep (Philadelphia, PA). The record now stands at 0-1.
Roxborough (18-19)
Conference %
2-7 1-7 2-4 0-3 .222 .125 41 113
Thomas A. Edison (18-19)
4-1 3-1 4-0 0-1 .800 .750 49 17
Roxborough - - - - - - - 4.6 - -
Thomas A. Edison 8.5 1.5 0 - - - - 9.8 - -
Roxborough 2-6 Thomas A. Edison 3-1
3/25/19 Boys' Latin Charter Roxborough (W) 1-0 (F) 3/27/19 Boys' Latin Charter Thomas A. Edison (W) 4-1
4/1/19 Boys' Latin Charter Roxborough (L) 17-7
4/10/19 Audenried Roxborough (W) 12-11 4/30/19 Thomas A. Edison Audenried
5/1/19 Audenried Roxborough (L) 16-10
4/16/19 Roxborough Horace Furness (L) 15-0 4/10/19 Horace Furness Thomas A. Edison (W) 20-0
4/25/19 First Philadelphia Prep Roxborough (L) 15-0 4/16/19 Thomas A. Edison First Philadelphia Prep (L) 15-0
5/2/19 First Philadelphia Prep Roxborough (L) 12-9
4/30/19 Roxborough Freire Charter (L) 12-2 4/25/19 Freire Charter Thomas A. Edison (W) 10-1
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With around 160,000 employers now reporting through single touch payroll, covering close to 9 million taxpayers, the ATO has now recommended that taxpayers wait until their employers have finalised their income statements before filing their tax returns.
STP will mean that employers are exempt from providing end-of-year payment summaries, with income statements replacing them and being made accessible through a taxpayer’s myGov account or their tax agent.
Employers will have until 31 July 2019 to make a finalisation declaration for the 2018–19 financial year, with that date to change to 14 July each year subsequently.
“Most employers have until 31 July 2019 to finalise their employees’ income statements so, we strongly encourage taxpayers to wait a few weeks before lodging their tax return,” said ATO assistant commissioner Karen Foat.
“If you lodge your tax return before your income statement is tax ready, your employer might make changes, and you may need to lodge an amendment. In some cases, additional tax and interest may be payable.”
Taxpayers who have linked their myGov accounts to ATO online services will receive a message when their income statement is tax ready; for agents this information will be available in pre-fill reports.
“We know from previous years that the early birds who lodge in the first weeks of July are far more likely to make mistakes or submit incomplete data. That’s why we suggest waiting and letting the ATO do most of the work pre-filling your tax return,” Ms Foat said.
While clients can still lodge early this year, several industry experts have also previously warned against doing so, noting the STP changes as well as the government’s proposed tax cuts.
Treasury Laws Amendment (Tax Relief So Working Australians Keep More of Their Money) Bill has been tabled for introduction into the Senate this week, and if it passes, will see the end-of-year rebate for low and middle-income earners double from $530 to $1,080.
The ATO has previously said they will automatically amend assessments to add additional credits should the bill be passed after they process taxpayers’ 2018–19 tax returns.
“Our advice is that unless you have certainty and completeness around the information used to finalise your return, we are encouraging all taxpayers to rethink lodging returns early this year especially in light of the above changes,” said the Institute of Public Accountants general manager of technical policy, Tony Greco.
“Consistent with prior years, third-party data such as dividends, interest, share disposals etc is progressively uploaded onto the ATO systems during the month, so it normally takes some time for the pre-fill information to be finalised.
“The ATO has the right to auto-amend a return, which it has been doing for discrepancies, but interest and penalties can be applied by the ATO.”
Source: https://www.accountantsdaily.com.au/tax-compliance/13223-wait-a-few-weeks-ato-advises-clients-to-hold-off-returns?utm_source=Accountants%20Daily&utm_campaign=01_07_19&utm_medium=email&utm_content=1
Dereen Wallace, Partner
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I Miss Tibet
History 2017In the media
Miss Tibet wins pageant held in exile community
Contestants compete in the 2017 Miss Tibet beauty pageant at the Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts in Dharamshala, India, on 4 June 2017. VOA/Lhakpa Kyizom
By Bryan Lynn
ON THE WEB, 9 June 2017
A 21-year-old flight attendant has won the 2017 Miss Tibet pageant in India.
Tenzin Paldon competed against eight women. Pageant officials announced the winner on June 4.
“My feet aren’t touching the ground at the moment,” Paldon told VOA’s Tibetan service after the win. “I hope to inspire people to be a good role model for younger Tibetans.”
Despite the pageant’s name, neither Paldon, nor any of the other women, live in Tibet. Tibet is a partly self-ruled Himalayan area of China.
The competition was held in the northern Indian hill town of Dharamshala, where the Tibetan government-in-exile is based. It is also home of the Dalai Lama, Tibet’s Buddhist spiritual leader.
The Dalai Lama fled Tibet in 1959 after a revolt against Chinese rule. China accuses him of trying to separate Tibet from China. The Dalai Lama has repeatedly said he seeks greater self-rule for Tibet, not full independence.
All the pageant competitors belong to the Tibetan diaspora and most of them live in India. Tenzin Paldon is from Kollegal, a Tibetan agricultural settlement in southern India. She currently works for the Indian-based air carrier Spice Jet Airlines.
The pageant was held in several parts over three days. Judges rated the women on their looks as they appeared in swimsuits, gowns and traditional Tibetan clothes. The competitors also had to demonstrate a skill, such as singing or dancing, and answer questions on a mix of issues.
The winner received a money prize and free travel award. She is expected to make event appearances and represent Tibet in international pageants. In the past, some winners withdrew from international competitions after Chinese officials demanded that they compete as Miss Tibet-China.
Paldon gave a statement to the Tibet Post she said was meant for the Chinese government. “I wanted to say China, look at us, we are staying in another country, but we are intelligent and we are representing our country in this way,” the statement said.
She also expressed her desire for females in Tibet to be able to show the “harmony” and “peace” that exists among people there. “If the Chinese government would give us a chance to showcase our peaceful state, we would proudly do so.”
The pageant’s website said the competition is a way for Tibetan women to show the many different skills and interests they possess. It is also meant to help publicize efforts by groups attempting to improve conditions for Tibet’s people.
The pageant did not escape criticism.
Some conservative Buddhists in the Tibetan community disapproved of the women wearing swimsuits. Critics also said the competition should center on inner beauty rather than body image.
The New York-based Tibetan Feminist Collective criticized the pageant for the way it chooses winners. A statement on the group’s Facebook page said there should never be a single view of what is considered beautiful.
“Holding up skinny women with fair skin and straight noses on a pedestal holds us back as a society, although it is not limited to our particular group,” the statement said. The group added that since the physical features of Tibetans differ greatly, they should be “celebrated and embraced.”
Copyright © 2017 VOA Published in VOANews.com
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The Marlins hope they’re getting closer to the player who hit .277 with five homers and 50 RBI in 2011 and .298 with six homers and 52 RBI in 2010.
But his number of games has diminished since 2009, from 153 to 132 to 122 to 90.
Polanco has won three Gold Gloves, at second base in 2007 and 2009 and at third base in 2011, when he committed eight errors and became only the second player to win the award at more than one position, joining Daren Erstad. He had only two errors in 80 games at third base last season.
Polanco, who resides in Miami during the offseason and attended Miami-Dade Community College, was voted a starter in the All-Star Game in 2007 and 2011, won the 2007 American League Silver Slugger award for second basemen and was the 2006 ALCS MVP.
Overall, Polanco has hit .299 with 103 homers and 700 RBI in 15 seasons, with St. Louis, Detroit and Philadelphia. He passed the 2000 hit threshold last May.
The Phillies declined his $5.5 million option in October, opting to pay him a $1 million buyout instead.
Among third basemen, Greg Dobbs and journeyman Kevin Kouzmanoff also will be in camp for the Marlins, who prefer to use Dobbs as a fill-in player and pinch hitter.
Polanco’s signing firms up the Marlins lineup, unless they make any more trades.
Miami likely will go with Logan Morrison at first base, Donovan Solano at second, Adeiny Hechavarria at shortstop, Polanco at third, Juan Pierre in left field, Justin Ruggiano in center, Giancarlo Stanton in right and Rob Brantly catching.
Ricky Nolasco presumably will be the Opening Day starting pitcher unless he’s traded, with Jacob Turner, Henderson Alvarez, Nate Eovaldi and perhaps Wade LeBlanc or Brad Hand or Alex Sanabia filling out the rotation.
Marlins prospects
Right-handed pitcher Jose Fernandez topped Baseball America’s annual list of the top 10 Marlins prospects. Fernandez is followed by outfielder Christian Yelich; left-handed pitcher Andrew Heaney; outfielder Jake Marisnick; outfielder Marcell Ozuna; left-hander pitcher Justin Nicolino; Hechavarria; right-handed pitcher Jose Urena; catcher J.T. Realmuto; and left-hander Adam Conley.
Marisnick, Nicolino and Hechavarria were acquired last month in the trade that sent Josh Johnson, Mark Buehrle and Jose Reyes to Toronto.
Marlins Blog | Fish Bytes
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Update: Second screening added for ‘Ice Guardians’ in Kirkcaldy
Ice Guardians - poster for new film on ice hockey enforcers
A second screening of Ice Guardians has been confirmed for Kirkcaldy after its Scottish premiere sold out within 24 hours.
Ice hockey fans packed out the Adam Smith Theatre’s showing on Wednesday, November 23.
Now the theatre has confirmed a second date on Thursday, November 24 – and tickets are on sale now.
Plans are in hand to also stage a Q&A, hosted by the Fife Free Press, that night too – more details will be announced next week.
The huge demand for tickets to see Brett Harvey’s acclaimed feature lengthy documentary on the NHL’s enforcers has delighted theatre bosses.
The Adam Smith secured the documentary’s Scottish premiere after responding to interest on social media.
A number of ice hockey die-hards took to Twitter to try to secure a screening in the Kingdom, and that snowballed as OnFife, the Fife Free Press and Fife Flyers teamed up to make it happen.
The premiere sold out within 24 hours.
And today, the theatre confirmed a second showing the following night.
Screenings of Ice Guardians have already sold out in Nottingham and Cardiff.
Still Game: Vote for your favourite ever episode
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Therapy Dog Helps Troops Deal with Postwar Stress
Associated Press | By Lolita C. Baldor
FORT BRAGG, N.C. — After three deployments to Iraq and three to Afghanistan, Staff Sgt. Dennis Swols is agitated, prone to bouts of anger and unable to really talk about his time on the battlefield.
But as Swols sits in a small office in the Robinson Health Clinic at Fort Bragg, his hand drops to the furry head beside him and his mood brightens. Settled at his feet, Lexy, a 5-year-old German shepherd, gives Swols a few moments of distraction.
It's her job. And, according to Swols, she's good at it.
"I have a hard time talking to people about my deployments and everything," says Swols, who is with the 82nd Airborne's 4th Brigade Combat Team. After taking part in the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 and the march into Baghdad in 2003, he's been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress. "But having her here, I just pet Lexy. Or I'm just sitting here and we won't talk about deployments, we'll just (talk) about the dog. ... My day is better every time I come in."
For 82nd Airborne psychiatrist Maj. Christine Rumayor, Lexy is a partner, a conversation starter and a living, breathing medical tool that can calm a patient and make a therapy appointment a little more enjoyable.
A slowly evolving form of treatment, animal therapy is used in only a few other Army installations, including Walter Reed National Military Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. A small number of dogs like Lexy are being used almost as co-therapists. Others routinely work as service animals and are often used for animal-assisted therapy, including in visits to patients in the hospitals.
Lexy's move into therapy was unexpected. Rumayor decided to put her new puppy through the training when she realized Lexy was less of a guard dog and more of a calm cuddler. So, Lexy went through about 2½ years of training before she was able to pin on her rank — she's a lieutenant colonel — and become certified as Fort Bragg's only therapy dog.
As the Army struggles to address the broad swath of stress disorders and mental health problems brought on by more than a decade of war, one of the biggest hurdles is getting soldiers to put aside the bravado and seek treatment. Lexy, it turns out, is particularly good at that.
Van Woodruff, who was a sergeant first class, went to his scheduled appointment just a few days before he was set to get his medical retirement and move out of the Army after 13 years in the service.
"It's hard for me to come to these appointments. I can't really sit in the waiting room," said Woodruff, who suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder. "I don't look forward to this whole process of being here. ... The whole process of being here is something that's agitative to my diagnosis."
But on a sunny Wednesday morning, the Alabama native is sitting in Rumayer's office. "This is the only one I look forward to going to because of Lexy. I love dogs."
Rumayor, who wrote the Fort Bragg policy that allows her to use Lexy in her practice, said there was resistance at first.
"You don't want everybody to think they can just bring their dog to work," she said.
Rumayor also has seen what an asset the dog can be in getting soldiers to seek out therapy and consistently attend their appointments.
Walking around the base, she uses Lexy as a lightning rod to attract soldiers, then draws them into conversation. On any given day, she and Lexy will wander over to the motor pool or anywhere troops might gather, to see who might be interested in having a chat.
"Stigma is one of the huge things the military is trying super hard to overcome — behavioral health stigma being the biggest one, I think. And Lexy is probably the biggest asset I have in overcoming that stigma," Rumayor said. "There's nothing better than coming to an appointment where you get to have a warm fuzzy thing that you get to pet all the time. People don't want to come in the door. When they see her coming in, it makes them want to come in the door."
And often the soldiers reward her.
On her vest, Lexy sports an Army Ranger tab and a spray of other badges and patches that she got from patients. The special forces tab came from a soldier who had been injured in a roadside bomb blast, and Lexy and Rumayor visited him in the hospital.
Navy Capt. Robert Koffman, the senior consultant for behavioral health at the National Intrepid Center of Excellence in Bethesda, has a therapy dog of his own, named Ron. And he's seen the broad impact the dogs can have.
Ron, a 3-year-old golden retriever/labrador mix, holds the rank of a one-star general and his designated military occupation is a "psych tech." He's even trained to bring tissues to distressed patients and put his head on a person's lap if he or she is stressed.
Lt. Col. Matthew St. Laurent, who is the occupational therapy chief at Walter Reed, said the use of dogs to aid therapy has been endorsed by U.S. Army Medical Command and appears to be getting more support across the military. Both he and Koffman said additional research is needed to determine how and when it is best to use the animals.
"It's tough for anybody to go to their mental health provider," said St. Laurent, who also runs the Therapeutic Service Dog Training Program. "But they need to see mental health providers and if you're introduced to the mental health community by a fluffy, loving canine, you'd be more inclined to come to the clinic and pet the dog. And one thing leads to another, and you're in the clinic."
© Copyright 2019 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Lou Dobbs and Sean Hannity advised Trump on shutdown strategy. His Oval Office speech reflected it.
Trump’s address ripped language from their Fox shows
Blog ››› January 9, 2019 12:25 PM EST ››› JOHN KERR
Melissa Joskow / Media Matters
Shortly after Donald Trump addressed the nation from the Oval Office, The Daily Beast reported that the president has sought advice on the government shutdown from Fox hosts Sean Hannity and Lou Dobbs. The pair reportedly told Trump to “push forward for the wall funding and break the Democrats’ will.”
Trump’s address, just short of 10 minutes, ripped language from both of their shows.
During his speech, Trump also said, “They don’t build walls because they hate the people on the outside, but because they love the people on the inside.” The line has been floating around conservative media since at least April and a variation of it was used by Sen. Marco Rubio (R-FL) during the 2016 election. After Trump's speech, right-wing pundits Tomi Lahren and Jack Posobiec scrambled to take credit for it.
Hannity and Dobbs have long served as close advisers to Trump, and their shows have been rank propaganda for his administration. Bill Shine, the former Fox News co-president and current top Trump adviser, used to be Hannity’s producer and is his close friend.
Welcome to the Fox News shutdown.
Donald Trump, Sean Hannity, Lou Dobbs
Lou Dobbs Tonight, Hannity
John Kerr ›››
John Kerr is the executive producer of multimedia at Media Matters. He has a bachelor's degree from the University of North Carolina at Asheville, and a small but growing collection of taxidermy.
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About Northern Thailand
Covering an area of roughly 93,691 sq km, Northern Thailand is a mountainous area covered with thick forests, river valleys and upland areas. Doi Inthanon, at 2,565 metres, is Thailand's highest mountain. There are 17 provinces and the most northerly ones share a border with either Myanmar or Laos. Two of the rivers unite in the southern part of the area to form the Chao Phraya River. The northernmost and westernmost point is at the Myanmar border in Chiang Rai and again at the Myanmar border at Mae Hong Son.
A budding tourist destination
Although Chiang Mai is a popular tourist destination for visitors to the North, the rest of the area remains relatively quietmore...
Although Chiang Mai is a popular tourist destination for visitors to the North, the rest of the area remains relatively quiet in comparison. As a result, it is serene not having received an influx of visitors nor of development. A plethora of attractions and activities, particularly for the more adventurous, are there to explore.
Two main airports
There are two main airports in the north of Thailand, Chiang Mai International Airport and Mae Fah Luang Chiang Raimore...
There are two main airports in the north of Thailand, Chiang Mai International Airport and Mae Fah Luang Chiang Rai International Airport. Chiang Rai Airport handles flights between Chiang Mai and the two Bangkok airports. It has international flight facilities and handles one international route to and from Kunming, China and also some immigration processing from Thai Airways flights that have international connections to/from Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok. There are domestic flights operating from several small airports between Chiang Mai and/or Bangkok.
Exhibitions & conventions
Although the Northern region lacks a centre dedicated to conventions and exhibitions (exclusive of Chiang Mai)more...
Although the Northern region lacks a centre dedicated to conventions and exhibitions (exclusive of Chiang Mai), there are premier hotels, which can meet the requirements for space and capacity and facilities for small-scale events in some of the larger cities such as Lampang, Mae Hong Son and Chiang Rai.
Ongoing infrastructure development
The State Railway of Thailand provides a link from Chiang Mai to Bangkok with many available stops along the waymore...
The State Railway of Thailand provides a link from Chiang Mai to Bangkok with many available stops along the way. High-speed rail lines that will reduce the time taken to travel are in the planning stages. Major highways link major cities to smaller more remote capitals. Public hospitals can be found in small communities, but visitors are advised to go Chiang Mai or Bangkok for serious health issues. Chiang Rai has several shopping malls.
Professionalism amidst an ambient, cultural and historical setting
Certain parts of Northern Thailand have been seeing a rapid growthmore...
Certain parts of Northern Thailand have been seeing a rapid growth in the number of business tourists in recent years, with MICE venues keeping pace with this surge offering more and more international standard facilities and accommodation appropriate for events. The pristine environment of the area enriched with an incredible historical and cultural heritage, Thailand's terrific food enriched with local specialities and the warm service of Thai hosts, all combine to encourage business travellers to explore the opportunities to conduct business events, especially incentive events, in Northern Thailand.
Location: Approximate distances from Bangkok to Lampang, 600.5 km; to Petchabun in the lower northern partmore...
Location: Approximate distances from Bangkok to Lampang, 600.5 km; to Petchabun in the lower northern part, 346 km; Mae Hong Son town in the western part 924 km.
Weather: Two seasons in a year: the green/rainy season (May to November) and the dry season (December to February). The hottest months are April and May (26C to 33C) and the wettest are September and October. Best weather is December to March when temperatures are about 23C to 32C and mostly dry.
Business Hours: Monday to Friday 9.00am-5.00pm. Saturday 9.00am-12 noon.
Banking hours: Monday to Friday 9.30am-3.30pm. Saturday 9.30am-12 noon. Bank branches in major shopping centres open 7 days per week and close later in the evening.
Shopping hours: Major shopping centres open around 10-11.00am and close late at around 10.00pm.
Electricity: 220 Volts AC at 50 cycles. Several different plugs and sockets are in use, but two pin flat (US type) or round (European type) are fairly universal.
Ethnic composition: Thai, Chinese, Burmese, hill tribe groups: Akha, Lahu, Karen, Hmong, Lisu
Attractions: The wide geographical and cultural expanse of Northern Thailand offers a wide variety of things to see and do, one-of-a-kind sites and activities that are worthwhile experiencing as a break from as a part of a business. The traditional life of hill tribe peoples in the rural highlands in Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinces, the heritage of the Lanna kingdom, the horse and buggy character of Lampang and the ancient Sukhothai Kingdom, the first capital of Siam and a UNESCO World Heritage Site are just a few of the stunning attractions this region has to offer.
Getting around Northern Thailand: There are regular flights connecting Chiang Mai and Bangkok to smaller provincial airports in the area. Cars may be hired in cities and drivers can be hired so the long – and the stunning scenery – to remote places can be enjoyed.
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© 2019 Meet in Thailand - Another web portfolio by IMAGE asia
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About Meltingpot Speakers Program Info Gallery
Lecture in language
Saša Uhlová (CZE)
journalist and reporter
„We nor the Western elites have long been concerned about the Iron Curtain salary phenomenon. Yet it is a threat to the future of the European Union.“
A journalist and a reporter of A2larm, an online newspaper, and the author of the book Heroes of Capitalist Labor on working conditions in low-paid and blue-collar professions, for example in a hospital or poultry farm. She has also worked for Deník Referendum or the monthly magazine Romano vodi.
The Romani studies graduate from Charles University was previously engaged in anthropological field research in socially excluded localities, she worked as a teacher at a Romani school More…
The Romani studies graduate from Charles University was previously engaged in anthropological field research in socially excluded localities, she worked as a teacher at a Romani school for four years. Then she focused on journalism, writing for the online newspaper Deník Referendum for 7 years and the monthly magazine Romano Vodi for a shorter time. She received the Honorable Mention in the 2015 Journalist Award.
Photo: Nikola Ramešová
info@meltingpotforum.com
Sokola Tůmy 743/16
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A look at the young singer's time in the spotlight.
Justin Bieber performs onstage during Power 96.1's Jingle Ball 2012 at the Philips Arena on Dec. 12, 2012 in Atlanta.
Photo: Ben Rose, Getty Images For Jingle Ball 2012
Justin Bieber performs onstage during Power 96.1's Jingle...photo-4002963.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber accompanies Los Angeles Clippers guard Chris Paul's son, Chris, during an NBA basketball game between the Los Angeles Clippers and the Boston Celtics in Los Angeles on Dec. 27, 2012.
Photo: Jae C. Hong, Associated Press
Singer Justin Bieber accompanies Los Angeles Clippers guard Chris...photo-4003160.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber attends Power 96.1's Jingle Ball 2012 at the Philips Arena on December 12, 2012 in Atlanta.
Photo: Butch Dill, Getty Images For Jingle Ball 2012
Justin Bieber attends Power 96.1's Jingle Ball 2012 at the...photo-4002961.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber performs onstage during Power 96.1's Jingle Ball 2012 at the Philips Arena on Dec. 12, 2012, in Atlanta.
Photo: Chris McKay, Getty Images For Jingle Ball 2012
Justin Bieber performs at the Madison Square Garden on Nov. 28, 2012, in New York, N.Y.
Photo: Theo Wargo, Getty Images
Justin Bieber performs at the Madison Square Garden on Nov. 28,...photo-4002960.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber performs onstage during the 40th American Music Awards held at Nokia Theatre L.A. Live on Nov. 18, 2012 in Los Angeles, California.
Photo: Kevin Winter, Getty Images
Singer Justin Bieber performs onstage during the 40th American...photo-3759555.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber, right, kisses his mother, Pattie Mallette, as they arrive at the 40th Anniversary American Music Awards on Sunday, Nov. 18, 2012, in Los Angeles.
Photo: Jordan Strauss, Associated Press
Justin Bieber, right, kisses his mother, Pattie Mallette, as they...photo-4002964.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber performs at the Barclays Center on Nov. 12, 2012, in the Brooklyn borough of New York, New York.
Photo: Stephen Lovekin, Getty Images
Singer Justin Bieber performs at the Barclays Center on Nov. 12,...photo-4002959.54860 - |ucfirst
Singers Justin Bieber, Rihanna and Bruno Mars celebrate during the finale of the 2012 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show on Nov. 7, 2012 in New York.
Photo: Evan Agostini, Associated Press
Singers Justin Bieber, Rihanna and Bruno Mars celebrate during the...photo-4002965.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber performs during the 2012 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show on Nov. 7, 2012 in New York.
Singer Justin Bieber performs during the 2012 Victoria's...photo-4002966.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber arrives to The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show on Nov. 7, 2012 in New York.
Justin Bieber arrives to The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show...photo-4002970.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber performs during his "Believe" tour at The Staples Center on Oct. 2, 2012 in Los Angeles, California.
Singer Justin Bieber performs during his "Believe" tour...photo-4002968.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber arrives at the Teen Choice Awards on July 22, 2012, in Universal City, Calif.
Justin Bieber arrives at the Teen Choice Awards on July 22, 2012,...photo-4002969.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber performs onstage during the 2012 Teen Choice Awards at Gibson Amphitheatre on July 22, 2012 in Universal City, California.
Singer Justin Bieber performs onstage during the 2012 Teen Choice...photo-4003030.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber arrives at the 2012 Billboard Awards at the MGM Grand on May 20, 2012, in Las Vegas, NV.
Photo: John Shearer, Associated Press
Justin Bieber arrives at the 2012 Billboard Awards at the MGM...photo-4003034.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber carries Floyd Mayweather Jr.'s title belts into the ring before a WBA super welterweight title fight against Miguel Cotto, on May 5, 2012, in Las Vegas.
Photo: Eric Jamison, AP
Justin Bieber carries Floyd Mayweather Jr.'s title belts into...photo-4003031.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber gets slimed after accepting the award for favorite male singer onstage at Nickelodeon's 25th Annual Kids' Choice Awards on March 31, 2012 in Los Angeles.
Justin Bieber gets slimed after accepting the award for favorite...photo-4003046.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber poses as he arrives at NRJ Music Awards 2012 at Palais des Festivals on Jan. 28, 2012, in Cannes, France.
Photo: Pascal Le Segretain, Getty Images
Justin Bieber poses as he arrives at NRJ Music Awards 2012 at...photo-4003035.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber performs in Times Square during New Year's Eve celebrations on Dec. 31, 2011, in New York.
Justin Bieber performs in Times Square during New Year's Eve...photo-4003052.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber walks off the court during second-half NBA basketball game action between the Toronto Raptors and the Indiana Pacers in Toronto on Dec. 28, 2011.
Photo: Frank Gunn, Associated Press
Justin Bieber walks off the court during second-half NBA...photo-4003055.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber waves to fans in front of Whitney Elementary School in Las Vegas on Dec. 16, 2011. Bieber staged a private show at the low-income school. The concert was filmed for an episode of "The Ellen Degeneres Show" and came two months after Bieber promised the school's 650 students a $100,000 donation.
Justin Bieber waves to fans in front of Whitney Elementary School in Las Vegas on Dec. 16, 2011. Bieber staged a private show at the low-income school. The concert was filmed for an episode of "The Ellen
Photo: Jeff Scheid, ASSOCIATED PRESS
Justin Bieber waves to fans in front of Whitney Elementary School...photo-1945671.54860 - |ucfirst
Selena Gomez and Justin Bieber arrive at the 39th Annual American Music Awards on Nov. 20, 2011 in Los Angeles.
Selena Gomez and Justin Bieber arrive at the 39th Annual American...photo-4003042.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber arrives at the 39th Annual American Music Awards on Nov. 20, 2011 in Los Angeles.
Justin Bieber arrives at the 39th Annual American Music Awards on...photo-4003043.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber poses on the red carpet as he arrives at the MTV European Music Awards 2011, in Belfast, Northern Ireland on Nov. 6, 2011.
Photo: Joel Ryan, Associated Press
Singer Justin Bieber poses on the red carpet as he arrives at the...photo-4003048.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber attends the Fashion Night Out Dolce & Gabbana event at the Dolce & Gabbana store in New York on Sept. 8, 2011.
Photo: Donald Traill, Associated Press
Justin Bieber attends the Fashion Night Out Dolce &...photo-4003058.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber accepts the Do Something music artist award at the Do Something Awards on Aug. 14, 2011, in Los Angeles.
Photo: Matt Sayles, Associated Press
Justin Bieber accepts the Do Something music artist award at the...photo-4003049.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber had five nominations for the Teen Choice 2012 awards.
Photo: KRISTIAN DOWLING, FOX
Justin Bieber had five nominations for the Teen Choice 2012 awards. photo-4003033.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber arrives at the Teen Choice Awards on Aug. 7, 2011, in Universal City, Calif.
Photo: Dan Steinberg, Associated Press
Justin Bieber arrives at the Teen Choice Awards on Aug. 7, 2011,...photo-4003059.54860 - |ucfirst
Danica Patrick and Justin Bieber present the award for Best Team at the ESPY Awards on July 13, 2011, in Los Angeles.
Photo: Matt Sayles, AP
Danica Patrick and Justin Bieber present the award for Best Team...photo-4003039.54860 - |ucfirst
Justin Bieber arrives at the Vanity Fair Oscar Party at the Sunset Tower in Los Angeles, Calif., on Feb. 27, 2011.
Photo: Carlo Allegri, AP
Justin Bieber arrives at the Vanity Fair Oscar Party at the Sunset...photo-4003037.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber tapes an episode of BET's 106 & Park show to promote his new movie "Never Say Never" in New York, on Feb. 3, 2011.
Photo: Peter Kramer, AP
Singer Justin Bieber tapes an episode of BET's 106 &...photo-4003068.54860 - |ucfirst
In this film publicity image released by Paramount Pictures, Justin Bieber is shown in a scene from, "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never."
In this film publicity image released by Paramount Pictures, Justin...photo-4003036.54860 - |ucfirst
Teen singer Justin Bieber performs at the AT&T Center in San Antonio on Nov. 5, 2010.
Photo: BILLY CALZADA, SAN ANTONIO EXPRESS-NEWS
Teen singer Justin Bieber performs at the AT&T Center in...photo-4003066.54860 - |ucfirst
Canadian singer Justin Bieber performs in Vancouver, British Columbia, on Oct. 19, 2010.
Photo: DARRYL DYCK, AP
Canadian singer Justin Bieber performs in Vancouver, British...photo-4003065.54860 - |ucfirst
Canadian singer Justin Bieber performs in Vancouver, Canada on Oct. 19, 2010.
Canadian singer Justin Bieber performs in Vancouver, Canada on...photo-4003063.54860 - |ucfirst
Canadian singer Justin Bieber smiles at fans during a promotional event in Tokyo on Oct. 13, 2010.
Photo: Shuji Kajiyama, AP
Canadian singer Justin Bieber smiles at fans during a promotional...photo-4003062.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber appears on the NBC "Today" television program in New York on June 4, 2010.
Photo: Richard Drew, AP
Singer Justin Bieber appears on the NBC "Today"...photo-4003061.54860 - |ucfirst
Singer Justin Bieber in West Hollywood, Calif., on May 6, 2010.
Photo: Chris Pizzello, AP
Singer Justin Bieber in West Hollywood, Calif., on May 6, 2010. photo-4003060.54860 - |ucfirst
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2014 BMW 2 Series Coupe continues the tradition of the legendary 2002tii
BMW 2 Series Coupe is headed to Motor City
BY Nick Kurczewski
The BMW 2 Series is scheduled to go on sale early next year.
(BMW)
The 2014 BMW 2 Series Coupe aims to build upon the dynamic prowess of the outgoing 1 Series, while offering larger and more user-friendly packaging.
It doesn’t hurt that the 2 Series Coupe is also more attractive thanks to these bigger dimensions.
While it was a riot to drive, you could never accuse the stubby-looking 1 Series of being a beauty queen.
Longer and wider than the outgoing 1 Series Coupe, the new 2 Series is even better looking and more user-friendly than its predecessor.
Compared to the previous 1 Series Coupe, the 2 Series is now 2.8 inches longer, 1.3 inches wider, and rides on a wheelbase which has also been stretched more than one inch.
Those aren’t massive changes but, in terms of boosting interior space and cargo room (two serious weak points of the 1 Series), the new 2 Series offers rear occupants 0.8 inches of extra legroom, along with 0.7 cubic feet of additional trunk space.
BMW's turbocharged inline-6 is hard to resist. But is it really worth $11,000 more than the base 228i?
Standard in the 228i Coupe is BMW’s punchy 240-hp turbocharged 2.0-liter 4-cylinder. This entry-level model carries a reasonable sticker price of $33,025.
Next is the performance-tuned M235i Coupe, which comes powered by a 322-hp turbocharged 3.0-liter inline-6. That extra dose of horsepower doesn’t come cheap. The M235i starts at $44,025 – making it $11-grand more than the regular 228i.
The cabin of the 2 Series Coupe is luxurious and business-like.
Transmission choices for both models include either a 6-speed manual, or 8-speed automatic transmission. To save fuel, both gearboxes are fitted with stop/start systems – the automatic also includes a coasting function, to claw back extra MPGs during relaxed highway cruises.
These rear-wheel-drive sport coupes are fitted with a double-pivot spring strut front suspension and five link rear suspension. Variable sport steering, M Sport brakes and Adaptive M suspension with electronically controlled dampers are standard on the M235i, and optional on the 228i.
BMW says sales of the 228i and M235i are scheduled to start in the first quarter of 2014.
sedans-coupes-compact cars
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The New York State Senate
former new york state senator
Marisol Alcantara
find your senator
Advanced Legislation Search
Aphiel Fernandez
2018 Veterans' Hall of Fame
Aphiel Fernandez's Bio
Aphiel Fernandez was born and raised in Washington Heights to Dominican parents. After graduating from high school, he went on to work as a cabinet maker at JD Custom Carpentry on Jerome Avenue in the Bronx. As a carpenter, Mr. Fernandez began his apprenticeship training with the carpenters union in April 2008.
As graduating as a journeyman from his apprenticeship program, and with an overwhelming desire to serve his country, Mr. Fernandez went on to join the United States Marine Corps. During his time as a Marine, Mr. Fernandez’s official military occupational specialty was electrical engineer.
Mr. Fernandez completed his military service as a Lance Corporal in November 2015. Since his time in the Corps, he has established his own construction remodeling company, which he operates in New York City.
Go to Newsroom
Honoree Profile
Veterans' Hall of Fame
2018 Women of Distinction
Wendy Genao
Women of Distinction Honoree
go to nysenate.gov
Contact the Senate
Home Rule Form
Policies & Waivers
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Namibian diamonds push De Beers’ profits
Published in National
Namdeb Holdings diamonds helped push De Beers’ profits after they were sold at an average price of US$539 per carat in 2017, the highest in the world’s leading diamond company’s production, financial results released on Thursday showed.
The original sin
Published in Opinions & Analysis
Last week, a lot happened: the National Executive Committee (NEC) of the ANC resolved on Tuesday morning (13/02/2018) to recall President Jacob Zuma as a “deployee” of the ANC, in other words, the ANC NEC essentially asked President Zuma to resign as State President.
The tussle of rocking an afro
Natural hair is beautiful; it’s healthy, versatile, and gets noticed. Many may find it modern, lovely or even fascinating, but nobody knows the struggle that goes with rocking an afro other than those of us who do it. I tell you now, it is not easy.
God bless the discarded babies
How many unborn or newly born children must be thrown away before this country, begins to change laws, redirect resources for counselling and sex education, and upgrade children’s homes around the country?
Taxi fare battles rage again
Published in Editorial
Last week, Werner Januarie, the head of the Namibia Transport and Taxi Union (NTTU) called for a 20 percent increase in fares for minibuses and regular taxis.
Bank Windhoek hosts cryptocurrency session
Published in Business
Bank Windhoek recently hosted an information session on Bitcoin and its supporting blockchain technology, which was attended by 400 people.
MRoN pageant documentary filming in the home stretch
Published in Lifestyle
MRoN
Finalists in the Miss Republic of Namibia (MRoN) contest to be held on 3 March in Windhoek, prepared cultural documentaries as a part of a judging category that is one quarter of the total scores during the competition.
NWR slashes rates by 75 pct
Namibia Wildlife Resorts (NWR)
28th independence anniversary
Namibia Wildlife Resorts (NWR) has announced that it will be running its 75 percent discount during March, as Namibia celebrates its 28th independence anniversary.
OTA responds to allegations of enslavement of the San and Nama people by the Ovaherero
Ovaherero Traditional Authority (OTA)
The Ovaherero Traditional Authority (OTA) rejects with contempt the sms messages in a local daily, making unfounded allegations that the Ovaherero enslaved the San and Nama people in the past.
‘Geingob has gone too far’
Published in Latest News
President Hage Geingob
Petrina Haingura
The decision by President Hage Geingob to recall former Health and Social Services Deputy Minister, Petrina Haingura, from Parliament is a step too far which implies that the president is no longer interested in party unity and reconciliation,
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University of NottinghamNewsPress releases2015DecemberTurner Prize win for Nottingham architecture tutor
Turner Prize win for Nottingham architecture tutor
Clinical trial explores new ways to help chronic pain sufferers
Crowdsourcing call for 'brown fat' study to tackle diabetes and obesity
Expert evidence helps settle centuries-old territorial dispute
New clues to halting nerve degeneration
Research reveals how bacterial predators kill other bugs without killing themselves
Stem cell transplantation does not provide significant improvement for Crohn's disease, study finds
Superbug colony behaviours revealed in time-lapse video
Expertise for the media
BSA Media Fellowship Scheme
10 Dec 2015 11:15:00.000
An architecture tutor from The University of Nottingham is part of the design collective, Assemble, which has just won the Turner Prize 2015, Britain’s top contemporary art award.
Joseph Halligan, a part-time undergraduate studio tutor in the Department of Architecture and Built Environment, is also a member of the London-based art and architecture group, Assemble.
Assemble are the first non-artists to scoop the £25,000 prize for their renovation of derelict houses that were due for demolition in Liverpool.
The 18-strong collective, many of whom studied architecture at university, have developed imaginative designs for the interiors of 10 run-down terraced houses on Cairns Road, Toxteth.
The winning project aimed to support local residents in their work to rebuild their neighbourhood with a grassroots approach and a social conscience, using art to engage residents in ways to improve homes and lives.
They have created mantelpieces using rubble from the streets; ceramic door handles fired in barbeques fuelled by old sawdust; hand-decorated tiles and terracotta lamps.
For the Turner Prize exhibition show, Assemble created a pop-up showroom and shop at the Tramway arts venue in Glasgow, selling such handmade products from demolition waste.
These artisan wares are made by local residents, trained and employed by Assemble in a social enterprise, which aims rebuild one of Liverpool’s most neglected neighbourhoods. Their handmade products for the hom now sell online too.
Halligan, who has worked at the University for more than a year, is part of a large body of part-time staff in the Department, bringing with them a broad range of architectural and design approaches and backgrounds.
Teaching architecture, says Halligan, is a wonderful way of exploring ideas.
"The students at Nottingham are intelligent and the dialogues we have are stimulating and that is the reason I teach here."
Commenting on the Turner Prize win, Halligan added: "It’s been fantastic for the project we are working on in Liverpool 8 with the Granby Four Streets Community Land Trust. The nomination alone has allowed us to start something, Granby Workshop, which would never have been possible previously. The fact we’ve won is just brilliant."
Dr Robin Wilson, Head of the Department of Architecture and Built Environment, said: “We are delighted with Assemble’s Turner Prize success and very happy for Joe. Their approach underlines the diverse contribution architecture has to play in shaping culture and society.
“We are very lucky to have Joe amongst our talented team of designers, supporting and inspiring the next generation of architects.”
Assemble were announced winners of the 31st Turner Prize, from a shortlist of four, at a ceremony broadcast live on Channel 4, in Glasgow, Scotland.
They were presented with their coveted accolade by Sonic Youth co-founder and artist, Kim Gordon.
The Turner Prize, set up in 1984, is presented annually to a British Artist under the age of 50 for an outstanding exhibition or other presentations of their work in the previous 12 months.
Previous winners include Damien Hirst, Grayson Perry and Antony Gormley.
Our academics can now be interviewed for broadcast via our Media Hub, which offers a Globelynx fixed camera and ISDN line facilities at University Park campus. For further information please contact a member of the Communications team on +44 (0)115 951 5798, email mediahub@nottingham.ac.uk or see the Globelynx website for how to register for this service.
For up to the minute media alerts, follow us on Twitter
Notes to editors: The University of Nottingham has 43,000 students and is ‘the nearest Britain has to a truly global university, with a “distinct” approach to internationalisation, which rests on those full-scale campuses in China and Malaysia, as well as a large presence in its home city.’ (Times Good University Guide 2016). It is also one of the most popular universities in the UK among graduate employers and the winner of ‘Research Project of the Year’ at the Times Higher Education Awards 2014. It is ranked in the world’s top 75 by the QS World University Rankings 2015/16, and 8th in the UK by research power according to the Research Excellence Framework 2014. It has been voted the world’s greenest campus for three years running, according to Greenmetrics Ranking of World Universities.
Impact: The Nottingham Campaign, its biggest-ever fundraising campaign, is delivering the University’s vision to change lives, tackle global issues and shape the future. More news…
Story credits
More information is available from Joseph Halligan on joseph@assemblestudio.co.uk or Dr Robin Wilson, Head of Architecture and Built Environment at The University of Nottingham on 0115 95 13149 robin.wilson@nottingham.ac.uk
Emma Lowry - Media Relations Manager
Email: emma.lowry@nottingham.ac.uk Phone: +44 (0)115 846 7156 Location: University Park
No additional resources for this article
Media Relations - External Relations
C Floor, Pope Building (Room C4)
Nottingham, NG7 2RD
telephone: +44 (0) 115 951 5798
email: pressoffice@nottingham.ac.uk
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Within-host evolution of Helicobacter pylori shaped by niche-specific adaptation, intragastric migrations and selective sweeps
Florent Ailloud1,2,3,4,
Xavier Didelot5,6,
Sabrina Woltemate2,
Gudrun Pfaffinger1,
Jörg Overmann ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-3909-72014,7,
Ruth Christiane Bader1,8,
Christian Schulz9,10,
Peter Malfertheiner9,10 &
Sebastian Suerbaum1,2,3,4,8
The human pathogen Helicobacter pylori displays extensive genetic diversity. While H. pylori is known to evolve during infection, population dynamics inside the gastric environment have not been extensively investigated. Here we obtained gastric biopsies from multiple stomach regions of 16 H. pylori-infected adults, and analyze the genomes of 10 H. pylori isolates from each biopsy. Phylogenetic analyses suggest location-specific evolution and bacterial migration between gastric regions. Migration is significantly more frequent between the corpus and the fundus than with the antrum, suggesting that physiological differences between antral and oxyntic mucosa contribute to spatial partitioning of H. pylori populations. Associations between H. pylori gene polymorphisms and stomach niches suggest that chemotaxis, regulatory functions and outer membrane proteins contribute to specific adaptation to the antral and oxyntic mucosa. Moreover, we show that antibiotics can induce severe population bottlenecks and likely play a role in shaping the population structure of H. pylori.
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that infects more than half of the human population worldwide. It is usually acquired during childhood and able to establish lifelong chronic infection. Infected patients are asymptomatic in most cases but clinical complications can range from gastric or duodenal ulcers to gastric atrophy and, ultimately, gastric cancer or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma1. The likelihood of clinical sequelae has been linked to specific virulence factors of H. pylori, most importantly the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) and the VacA cytotoxin2,3,4. At present, recommended treatment strategies usually comprise two antibiotics, a proton-pump inhibitor, and, in some regimens, bismuth salts5. These treatment protocols achieve eradication rates ~ 90%6. Nonetheless, increasing antibiotic resistance has been reported in H. pylori7, similar to other multi-drug-resistant bacteria8.
H. pylori is characterized by an exceptionally high genetic diversity and variability9,10. The underlying mechanisms include relatively inefficient DNA repair mechanisms as well as natural competence for transformation and the ability to integrate small fragments of homologous DNA into the chromosome9,11,12. The species is divided into large phylogeographic populations with distinct geographical distributions, allowing the use of H. pylori genotypes to retrace historical human migration events13,14.
The rates and patterns of genetic change of the H. pylori genome during chronic infection have been the subject of several studies, based on increasing amounts of sequencing data11,15. In recent years, whole-genome sequence comparisons have been used extensively to study the in vivo evolution of H. pylori during the early stages of infection in challenged human volunteers16,17,18, in the course of long-term colonization in chronically infected individuals16 and after intra-familial transmission19,20,21,22. Genes encoding outer membrane proteins (OMPs) appear to evolve faster than genes of other functional categories, suggesting adaptation to individual hosts16. Overall, these studies consistently determined a mutation rate of the order of 10−5 mutations per site per year.
The extent of the genetic diversity of the H. pylori population within a single infected stomach at a given time is much less characterized, at least compared with other bacterial pathogens10. The only known natural reservoir of H. pylori is the human stomach (including areas of gastric metaplasia in the duodenum). It is divided into three main anatomical regions: the pyloric antrum, connected to the duodenum; the corpus in the center and the fundus in the upper curvature, next to the cardia. The analysis of single isolates from separate gastric regions revealed that strains from the same host can be genetically differentiated16,19,23,24,25. Stomach regions contain different human cell types providing distinct environmental conditions for H. pylori subpopulations, and these could lead to specific niche adaptation. For example, the differences in pH between antrum and corpus were shown to select for variant BabA adhesins with different kinetics of pH-dependent binding affinities26. Differential antibiotic resistance profiles have also been observed in related strains isolated in the antrum and in the corpus27, suggesting that H. pylori populations can be structured by the stomach anatomy.
The time since the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) between isolates from the same stomach has been calculated from genomic data using pairs of strains isolated from antrum and corpus. Surprisingly, TMRCA values appeared to be independent of the host’s age and were only a few years on average19. Mutation rates calculated in acute and chronic phases of the infection are comparable15,16,18, thus the TMRCA of a H. pylori population was expected to increase linearly beginning at the infection during childhood. Population bottlenecks and strain turnovers are possible explanations for the low average TMRCA, which could be induced by selective pressures from the host immune system as well as common antibiotic consumption.
The aim of this study was to characterize H. pylori population diversity and dynamics within the stomach using bacterial genomics. Multiple single colonies of H. pylori were isolated from several gastric regions in naturally infected adults and analyzed by whole-genome sequencing. Our analyses reconstruct the pathways of migration of bacterial subpopulations between parts of the stomach, and identify several candidate genes with high frequencies of within-host variation and/or genetic signals of association to specific regions of the stomach, suggesting these loci participate in local adaptation to gastric niches.
Extensive within-host diversity in H. pylori populations
In order to quantify the genome-wide diversity of H. pylori within the human stomach, gastric biopsies were obtained from 16 H. pylori-infected individuals (mean age, 49.9 years, nine women, seven men, Table 1). Twelve of the 16 patients displayed chronic gastritis in histology, whereas four had atrophic gastritis, including one patient with intestinal metaplasia. Five patients had a known history of one or multiple attempted eradication therapies. Gastric biopsies were taken from the antrum, corpus, and fundus regions for 10 of these patients. For the six remaining patients, only antrum and corpus were sampled. H. pylori was cultured from the biopsies, and from each biopsy, 10–15 single colonies were picked, propagated, and the genome sequences of these clones determined with an Illumina MiSeq instrument. As this short-read sequencing approach resulted in draft sequences consisting of 39 contigs on average, we selected 1–3 isolates from every patient, and additionally sequenced their genomes with Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) technology, which yields longer reads and permits to assemble a closed complete-genome sequence. The total data set consisted of genomes from 440 H. pylori isolates, including 414 draft sequences plus 26 closed sequences (Supplementary Data 1).
Table 1 Overview of H. pylori populations and their major characteristics
Full size table
All isolates from the 16 patients could be assigned to the phylogeographic population hpEurope. The average within-host pairwise nucleotide identity ranged from 98.5 to 99.8%, and isolates from a given patient clustered tightly together in a global phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1a), suggesting we did not sample any mixed infection with unrelated H. pylori strains. The amount of genetic diversity observed within the group of H. pylori isolates from one individual patient was highly variable between patients (Fig. 1b). More than 18,000 unique SNPs were identified within the most diverse population (clones isolated from patient 476), whereas only 73 SNPs were found in the least diverse population (from patient 173).
Genetic diversity within H. pylori populations from 16 human individuals. a Global phylogeny including 440 H. pylori isolates from 16 human individuals. Isolates from the same patient are clustering together tightly indicating that no mixed infection was sampled. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. b Every circle represents the H. pylori population from one individual patient. Each population consists of 20–30 clones (see text for details). Circles are ordered by decreasing genetic within-host diversity from outer to inner circle. From the outer to inner ring: patient 476, 479, 25, 19, 169, 24, 21, 13, 5, 381, 23, 26, 20, 478, 173, 280. Genetic coordinates were synchronized across all populations by mapping onto the reference strain 26695. Spontaneous mutation and recombination events are represented by red and blue lines, respectively. Regions present in 26695 but not fully covered in a population are indicated by black lines (the 23S region indicated here corresponds to the second copy, which is not always properly assembled in draft genomes, resulting in uncovered regions)
Out of 16 patients, cagPAI-positive and babA-positive strains were isolated from 10 and 12 patients, respectively. All cagPAI-positive patients were babA-positive as well. All BabA sequences had residues in position 198 associated with generalist binding preference28, except in patient 23 that had a glutamine typically found in specialist strains. In patient 476, related cagPAI-positive and -negative isolates were identified. Both cagPAI+ and cagPAI− isolates were distributed in several clades with no association with gastric regions. CagA was still present in all isolates, and a second copy with two additional EPIYA-C motifs was found in one of the several cagPAI-positive clades of this patient (Table 1). The microdiversification of the cagPAI in this patient suggests a complex history of gene gain and loss driven by fluctuating selective pressures within different niches of the stomach and likely made possible by secondary infections.
Variations of gene content and sequences are not the only ways H. pylori can evolve within its host. We identified large genomic rearrangements between the three closed genomes of patient 381 generated by SMRT sequencing (Supplementary Fig. 1a). Recombination between chemotaxis genes tlpA and tlpC induced the inversion of a small 9 kb fragment, whereas recombination between the 23S rRNA gene copies resulted in the inversion of a much larger 953 kb region. Finally, two inversions of 81 kb and 643 kb were owing to an exchange between copies of the miniIS605, a non-autonomous transposable element found in most H. pylori isolates that contains the non-coding RNA HPnc058029,30. In the two reference genomes of patient 25, an inversion of ~ 590 kb owing to recombination between HP0488-HP1116 paralogs was also observed (Supplementary Fig. 1b). No rearrangements were observed in the other five patients where multiple closed genomes were available.
Bacterial migration between gastric regions
Most previous studies about H. pylori within-host diversity are restricted to the antrum and corpus regions. Here, fundus biopsies were also obtained for 10 of the 16 patients. In order to observe how the genetic diversity of each H. pylori population is distributed across the gastric regions, we computed recombination-corrected phylogenetic trees from whole-genome alignments. A visual inspection of these trees revealed that a structure with multiple clusters was clearly apparent in most patients. The degree to which these clusters correlated with the location from which the bacteria had been sampled was variable, and isolates with different origins were frequently found within the same cluster (Fig. 2).
Clustering structure of the H. pylori population varies between individual patients. Representative phylogenetic trees of within-host H. pylori populations displaying different degrees of clustering. Trees were generated as described in the methods (source data are provided as a Source Data file). The time since the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA), expressed in years, is represented by the X axis. Pie charts correspond to the posterior probability distribution of ancestral characters (i.e., likelihood that ancestral lineages originated from antrum: blue, corpus: orange or fundus: green). a Phylogenetic tree of patient 381 isolates showing a well-defined cluster structure. b Phylogenetic tree of patient 24 isolates showing a poorly defined cluster structure
This observation can be interpreted in terms of migration of H. pylori between the antrum, corpus, and fundus regions. We used ancestral state reconstruction methods to reconstruct the intra-stomach migration routes of individual H. pylori isolates, as they last shared a common ancestor within a patient. By comparing three migration models of increasing complexity (see Methods) we found evidence for differences of the migration rates between parts of the stomach. There was no evidence for asymmetry in the rates between any two parts. The data fit well to the symmetric model, in which three parameters are estimated between antrum and fundus, between antrum and corpus, and finally between corpus and fundus. Migration events between corpus and fundus were significantly (based on 95% confidence intervals of the maximum likelihood estimates) more frequent than between antrum and corpus (Fig. 3a). The migration rate between antrum and fundus was negligible. Following these observations, we tested one additional meristic model where migration from antrum to fundus cannot happen directly but only in two steps via the corpus, and this model had a slightly better goodness of fit (AICc = 546.51) than the symmetric model (AICc = 548.55). Finally, we tested an alternative approach, stochastic character mapping (see Methods), to simulate the migration along the population trees and obtain the number of transitions between each region. Following the same trend as the ancestral reconstruction method, this approach showed that the majority of the migration events happened between corpus and fundus, whereas migration between antrum and fundus represent the minority (Fig. 3b). Overall, these results suggest that H. pylori gastric subpopulations are typically segregated in the antrum mucosa but are migrating more freely between regions lined by oxyntic mucosa, which includes both corpus and fundus.
H. pylori preferentially migrates between the corpus and fundus regions of the stomach. a Estimation of symmetric migration rates by marginal state reconstruction based on a global structure constructed by concatenating individual time-scaled trees (A: antrum, C: corpus, F: fundus; *: p < 0.05). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals of the maximum likelihood estimates. b Schematic representation of the migration events distribution predicted by stochastic character mapping in relation to the stomach anatomy (blue: antrum, orange: corpus, green: fundus). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Panel 3b is a derivative of “Stomach 4” by Servier Medical Art, used under CC BY 3.0 [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/]
We next focused on variation between patients, and to do so, repeated the ancestral state reconstruction analysis separately for each patient’s H. pylori population. In five patients (19, 20, 21, 23, 381), the meristic model was the best fit, with more frequent exchange between corpus and fundus than between antrum and corpus, similar to results obtained on the overall data set. The isolates of patient 26 also fit the meristic model but displayed more exchanges between antrum and corpus. However, this population was hardly differentiated according to the topology of its phylogenetic tree with no clearly identifiable clusters, suggesting that this result may be artefactual. In the four remaining patients (5, 13, 24, 25) the equal rates (ER) model had the best fit, suggesting that migration is less influenced by gastric regions for these strains. However, these results are likely explained by the low total number of migration events in most of these patients, so that there is a lack of statistical power to determine the inequality of the rates of migrations between regions. Overall, frequencies of migration did not correlate with genetic diversity, indicating that the variation we observed between populations is not explained by the difference between their time of divergence and that this phenomenon is also influenced by host genetics and environment.
Despite the extensive mixing between fundus and corpus, the fundus isolates added a significant amount of diversity to our data set, therefore subsequent analyses in this study were only carried out on the subset of 10 patients including fundus isolates in order to reduce bias and to obtain a homogeneous sampling.
Frequent within-host variation in specific functional groups
Within-host diversification is the net result of both random genetic drift and recurrent selection. The low levels of variability in some populations combined with the high levels of recombination in others make it challenging to quantify the contribution of each evolutionary mechanism reliably. We cross-compared genes that contained non-synonymous SNPs (NS-SNPs) between isolates from each patient, with the aim to determine whether specific loci were frequently and independently targeted by positive selection. We observed a high frequency of within-host variation in 40 genes (referred to later as host-variable genes) containing NS-SNPs in more than half of the patients, which was significantly higher (based on 95% confidence intervals of simulated random sampling, 10,000 replications) than expected if polymorphisms were randomly distributed in the genome (Table 2, Supplementary Fig. 2). OMPs were over-represented, making up 28% of the 40 host-variable genes. In particular, two OMPs from the Hop family, HopB (AlpA) and HopL, were variable in all the patients. The cellular processes as well as the transport and binding protein functional categories were also over-represented at 18% and 15%, respectively (Supplementary Data 2). Genes coding for the VacA cytotoxin as well as two of the toxin-like paralogs VlpC and ImaA were variable in 70–90% of the patients. Although most of the host-variable genes displayed only two or three allelic forms per patient, four to five variants were observed for hopL, hopZ, tlpB, rpoB, and HP1322. Finally, recurrent identical mutations were frequently observed, with 70% of the 40 host-variable loci containing polymorphisms found in multiple patients, which could be evidence of parallel adaptation.
Table 2 High-frequency host-variable genes within 10 H. pylori populations
Niche-specific evolution and adaptation
H. pylori is able to colonize the entire stomach despite the differing environmental conditions existing between gastric niches. The selective pressures caused by these differences might explain why specific genes evolve frequently within one host. The restricted migration of antrum isolates could also be a consequence of region-specific adaptation. Similarly, the frequent exchanges between corpus and fundus could reflect the similarities between these two regions. Consequently, we sought to determine whether polymorphisms were associated with the antrum, compared with the oxyntic mucosa (i.e., corpus and fundus), or vice-versa, using a Fisher’s exact test. Furthermore, we hypothesized that recently migrated isolates are likely to retain the genetic background representative of their original gastric region temporarily, which could introduce noise in the association test. To account for this, we used our ancestral state reconstruction analysis to infer recent migration events. When possible, we re-assigned the location of each isolate using the location of the corresponding ancestral node with a maximum divergence time of 6 months.
We identified 1071 polymorphisms that had significant associations with gastric regions (false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p value < 0.01). After discarding synonymous and recombined polymorphisms, 309 non-synonymous mutations remained within a total of 232 genes (referred to later as niche-specific mutations and genotypes, respectively). Although we observed 32 niche-specific genotypes per patient on average, no significant results were obtained in patients 25 and 26. Isolates from these two patients appear shuffled together with barely any region-specific clusters, suggesting there might be limited adaptation and free migration in these patients. In addition, only one genotype with significant niche association was found in patient 24 despite clearly apparent region-specific clusters. No recent migration events were corrected by ancestral reconstruction because of the deep branches of the star-like phylogeny in this patient. In particular, one isolate sampled in the corpus was located on a long branch within a cluster containing 70% of the antrum isolates indicating a likely origin from the corpus. By increasing the maximum divergence time for re-assignment from 6 months to 1 year for patient 24, we identified nine additional genotypes with association to gastric regions (Supplementary Data 3). The gene that contained the most mutations associated with gastric regions encodes the fused beta and beta’ subunits of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase RpoB. Niche-specific mutations were found in rpoB in five patients (5, 13, 19, 20, 21), but none were located at the same position. They were specifically centered around the beta–beta’ interface region and differed from mutations described previously to be involved in rifabutin resistance or Western/East-Asian geographical association31,32. Globally, adaptation to gastric regions appeared to follow a specific path in each patient, as only 17% of the niche-specific genotypes were found recurrently in multiple patients. Niche-specific genotypes were not necessarily overlapping with the high-frequency host-variable genes identified previously. About 20% of the host-variable OMPs did not display any sign of adaptation. Despite being polymorphic in 10 patients, hopB and hopL contained niche-specific genotypes in only two and one patients, respectively. The absence of association to gastric regions in host-variable loci could result from antigenic variation or indicate adaptation to a different gastric niche. For example, three out of the six members of the Sel1-like repeat (SLR) cysteine-rich protein family were host-variable in seven to eight patients but only had niche-specific genotypes in one to two: hcpD (HP0160), hcpE (HP0235), and hcpX (HP1117) (Table 2, Supplementary Data 3). All mutations were located within SLR repeats, which are numerous in these proteins. Proteins of this family are known for being highly immunogenic33,34 thus mutations could contribute to reducing inflammation. Despite belonging to the same family these genes are located far apart on the chromosome, supporting the hypothesis that these loci may have been under selection by common environmental conditions.
Because H. pylori populations are inherently structured by gastric regions, it cannot be excluded that niche-specific mutations emerged purely from genetic drift. To pinpoint niche-specific genotypes, which were more likely to be involved in adaptation, we performed functional enrichment analyses and tested for natural selection using a McDonald–Kreitman test35. Genes belonging to the OMPs, chemotaxis and motility, toxin production, and regulatory functions functional categories, were significantly over-represented (Chi-square, p < 0.05) (Fig. 4). In total, 66% of these genes showed a significant (Fisher’s exact test, FDR adjusted p value < 0.05) departure from neutrality, with a neutrality index (NI) > 1 (when it could be calculated). Here, NI > 1 indicates an excess of within-host non-synonymous polymorphisms. Considering that niche-specific mutations are fixed within local subpopulations, an excess of within-host non-synonymous substitutions can be interpreted as a sign of local adaptation. Unlike what we observed in high-frequency host-variable genes, niche-specific mutations were always unique to a patient, except in the hofC OMP. HofC displayed a significant departure from neutrality and an isoleucine to valine mutation in position 206 was observed in four patients (13, 19, 20, 21). In two of these (13 and 20), this mutation was found associated to gastric regions with the valine residue found predominantly in the antrum isolates of both patients.
Evidence of natural selection in niche-specific genotypes from enriched functional categories. For each H. pylori population, black and gray squares represent polymorphic genes with and without association to gastric regions, respectively; white squares indicate genes without non-synonymous mutations. Locus tags from H. pylori strain 26695 are given as reference. MK indicates the Fisher’s exact FDR adjusted p value from a McDonald–Kreitman test (bolded values indicate significance at p < 0.05). N.I.: Neutrality Index
Several genes related to the regulation of motility through chemotaxis contained niche-specific mutations with evidence of natural selection. The cheAY2 gene (HP0392) codes for a bifunctional protein containing both parts of two-component regulatory system: CheA (histidine kinase sensor) and CheY (response regulator)36. All niche-specific residues were located in the CheA region of the protein. Three out of the four methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins: TlpA (HP0099), TlpB (HP0103), TlpD (HP0399) were host-variable in eight to nine patients, but only TlpB and TlpD had niche-specific mutations in two and one patients, respectively. Around 70% of the mutations were clustered close to the doubleCache signaling domain in TlpA but none were associated with gastric regions. Mutations were more homogeneously distributed along the sequence in TlpB and TlpD, but the niche-specific mutations were located in or close to the methyl-accepting domain.
Mosaic sequences owing to inter-strain recombination
H. pylori can quickly exchange substantial parts of its genome when exposed to DNA from another H. pylori strain owing to its natural competence11,16. Nonetheless, it colonizes a very isolated niche and no natural reservoir outside of the human stomach is known, thus the only opportunity for inter-population recombination is during mixed infections. Such sudden increase of genetic diversity might reshape the evolutionary dynamics of a population; thus we applied ClonalFrameML37 to analyze the effect of recombination in each patient. Recombined fragments were observed in the H. pylori populations from all patients, but large differences were observed in the relative contributions of recombination and mutation to the overall diversity, as well as the number of events and average and total recombined length. For 11 out of 16 patients, manual curation revealed that a majority of the recombination events were located in duplicated genes or paralogous families. Sequences identical to the recombined segments could be frequently found in the other copies of the gene within the same isolate, suggesting these are the products of intragenomic recombination. The most frequently involved genes were babABC and sabAB, the cag pathogenicity island gene cagY and the OMP gene hopQ.
Only related isolates were found at the time of the endoscopies, suggesting transient mixed infections can quickly increase the genetic diversity of the main population. The r/m ratio of the five patients (19, 25, 169, 476, 479) with clear evidence of past mixed infections ranged from 3 to 16. Imports were 465 ± 185 bp long on average and replaced 2–26% of the genome at the population level. Overall, an average 80% of the predicted imports introduced at least one NS-SNP and thus had the potential to modify protein functions. Further manual curation revealed that many imports overlapped the same region in multiple isolates from the same patient but had different sizes. We observed three patterns of overlapping imports (Supplementary Fig. 3). The first pattern suggests that some imports may not originate directly from a mixed infection (primary import) but rather from previously transformed isolates within the same population (secondary import). This model is further supported by the phylogenetic distribution of these imports, because primary and secondary imports were found in polyphyletic clusters indicating they likely originated from multiple events. Although the dating of internal nodes is not fully accurate owing to the limited number of isolates, nodes containing primary imports typically preceded nodes containing the secondary imports. The second pattern we observed suggest that primary imports can be partially reversed by recombination with a wild-type isolate from the same population (reversed import). Reversed imports could be easily identified when the primary imports are still intact in other isolates with a direct common ancestor. The third pattern was observed less frequently and corresponds to multiple independent primary imports targeting the same region. These imports are overlapping but do not share any border. They are located in polyphyletic clusters and have slightly different polymorphisms, suggesting they originated from distinct lineages of the mixed infection.
Effect of antibiotics on H. pylori population diversity
Although H. pylori infection usually begins during childhood, previous studies performed with paired isolates from antrum and corpus showed that the within-host TMRCA of H. pylori is typically low (~1–5 years). To determine the TMRCA values in our data set, we used ClonalFrameML37 to generate phylogenetic trees adjusted for recombination. Trees were then scaled to time using a fixed mutation rate of 1.38 × 10−5 per site per year19. The average TMRCA of the H. pylori populations from the 16 patients was 2.5 years (0.34–7.17). No correlation with patient age was observed. For example, a TMRCA of 4 months was calculated for a 44-year old woman (patient 173), whereas a TMRCA of 7 years was estimated for a 34-year old man (patient 476). Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain low TMRCA, including strong genetic drift or diversity bottlenecks induced by immunity or antibiotics. As five patients reported at least one attempted eradication therapy prior to the gastroscopy, we explored the role of antibiotics in shaping the population structure of H. pylori within a stomach.
Clarithromycin (CLR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and metronidazole (MTZ) are antibiotics used for the eradication of H. pylori as well as for treatment of other pathogenic bacteria. The emergence of resistant phenotypes has been associated with specific genotypes: two specific positions of the 23S rRNA gene are responsible for high or intermediate levels of resistance to CLR; mutations in the gene encoding the DNA gyrase subunit A (gyrA) can confer resistance to CIP, whereas resistance to MTZ have been associated with either mutations or gene inactivation of the nitroreductase gene rdxA38. We searched for resistance-associated polymorphisms in the complete data set to characterize the spread of resistance within the populations in response to either H. pylori eradication therapy or unrelated antibiotic intake targeted toward other infections. The resistant genotypes we observed were systematically confirmed phenotypically in a subset of isolates. There was no phenotypical evidence for resistance against either beta-lactam antibiotics or rifabutin. This analysis revealed that the H. pylori populations from the five patients who had previously been prescribed eradication therapy (patient 20, 173, 280, 381, 478), as well as two additional patients who were not known to have undergone eradication treatment (23, 169), contained isolates that were resistant to at least one of the tested antibiotics (Table 1). The mean TMRCA of resistant populations was 1.6 ± 1 years, whereas the mean TMRCA for fully susceptible populations was 3.9 ± 1.7 years (p < 0.05, Welch’s t test).
Resistance-associated alleles were often not fixed, with 20–60% of the population still carrying susceptibility-associated alleles depending on the antibiotic class. Allele fixation in some cases was limited to specific gastric regions. For example, isolates from the corpus, but not the antrum, were resistant to CIP in patient 173. Antrum isolates represented the only MTZ susceptible cluster in patient 23 and, on the opposite, the only resistant one in patient 20. Although the whole population in patient 280 was resistant to CIP, the isolates had a different genotype in the antrum (D91G) compared to the corpus (D91N). To further investigate the low TMRCAs of H. pylori populations, we obtained a new set of antrum, corpus, and fundus biopsies from patient 476, 2 years after the initial endoscopy. As before, 10 single colonies were cultured from each biopsy and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq instrument. This patient did not decide to undergo any kind of H. pylori eradication regimen, leading us to believe that the H. pylori population evolved unhindered between the examinations. Nonetheless, the population recovered from the second set of biopsies appeared to have lost >98% of its genetic diversity (apparent bottleneck) and gone through a fast clonal expansion, all within the span of 2 years (Fig. 5). Both cagPAI-positive and -negative isolates were found at the first time point, however the population from the second time point was entirely cagPAI-negative. Moreover, we found no evidence for inter-population recombination anymore at the second time point. We calculated a TMRCA < 1 year, compared to the 7 years TMRCA of the original population. Although we did not observe resistance to CLR, CIP, or MTZ at the first time point, the population from the second time point was homogeneously resistant to CLR. This result suggests that the population was exposed to antibiotics unrelated to H. pylori eradication treatment between the endoscopies.
Major population bottleneck in a H. pylori population. Two sets of gastric biopsies were obtained two years apart in a 34 years old treatment-naive patient with chronic gastritis (patient 476). A time-scaled tree was created using the isolates obtained at both time points (blue: antrum, orange: corpus, green: fundus). The population observed at the first time point had an estimated TMRCA of 7 years. The directly related population observed at the second time point had a TMRCA < 1 year and displayed a phylogenetic structure suggesting a fast clonal expansion subsequent to a bottleneck. Source data are provided as a Source Data file
Although the existence of multiple H. pylori strains with distinguishable but related genotypes within one stomach has been reported before, the within-host diversity of H. pylori has not been determined in a systematic and quantitative way. Here, we used a combination of sequencing technologies to characterize the host-associated population diversity of H. pylori in 16 naturally infected individuals. The extent of genetic diversity observed in each H. pylori population from one stomach was highly variable. No ongoing mixed infection was detected, but strong evidence of recombination with one or multiple unrelated H. pylori strains during a past mixed infection was found in five patients. Through natural transformation, the co-existence with another population appears to have quickly increased the overall genetic diversity in these populations. Nonetheless, the isolates were not all impacted in the same way by inter-population recombination, which is in agreement with a previous study based on paired isolates from the gastric antrum and corpus regions, which showed that even in South Africa, a high prevalence country, the contribution of recombination to diversity varied widely between different individuals19. Individual lineages affected by recombination with a secondary infection were clearly identified and imported segments were sometimes laterally transferred to other lineages or, conversely, reverted back to wild-type by another recombination event with isolates from the original population. This phenomenon suggests that the large amount of diversity imported from a secondary infection is subsequently filtered by selection. In agreement with our previous observations19, the TMRCAs of all populations in our data set were low and did not correlate with patients’ age despite the fact that H. pylori infections typically are acquired during childhood39. Five patients had undergone one or multiple H. pylori-specific eradication therapies in the years preceding the gastroscopy. Independently of the outcome, antibiotic regimens have the potential to result in an apparent reduction of the genetic diversity of the population in the stomach. Successful eradication can be followed by re-infection with a new population since H. pylori does not induce protective immunity40,41,42,43. In our case, the H. pylori isolates in all five treated patients were resistant to one or several antibiotics commonly used for eradication therapies, suggesting that the treatment failed and only induced a population bottleneck, followed by recrudescence of the infection. Such temporary reductions of the H. pylori population have been termed “elimination” (in contrast to eradication) and are a likely cause of the low observed TMRCAs. However, antibiotic resistance was also observed in patients with no known history of eradication treatment, suggesting that antibiotic treatments for unrelated infections was selecting antibiotic-resistant H. pylori7. It is known from early treatment studies that monotherapies have the potential to severely reduce H. pylori colonization44. Within-host populations were not always homogeneously resistant to antibiotics, confirming previous reports of heteroresistance in H. pylori45. Although the complete fixation of resistance genotypes can be explained by intrinsic resistances or hard selective sweeps, partially fixed alleles or independent adaptation are evidence for acquired resistance and soft selective sweeps, suggesting a relatively high fitness cost of resistance. The sweeping of alleles through the population appeared to be modulated by the stomach environment, and some genotypes were restricted to specific gastric regions. In these patients, heteroresistance suggests that antibiotics exerted a weak selective pressure causing a slow spread of adaptive alleles within the stomach. Such an effect may be explained, for example, by the relative instability of clarithromycin, and macrolide antibiotics in general, at the low pH found in the stomach, compared with other antibiotics46. Nonetheless, patients with no history of eradication and no signs of resistance still displayed low TMRCA, implying that other events can decrease within-host diversity. These could, for example, include antibiotic treatments for any other disease, changes in gastric physiology brought about by medication, stress, or concurrent infections, and selective pressure exerted by immune responses and oxidative stress. Antibiotic-resistant populations had significantly lower TMRCAs than susceptible populations, indicating that antibiotics have a stronger impact on population diversity than possible other uncharacterized selective events. A large reduction of genetic diversity was observed in the sequential population of patient 476, cultured from biopsies taken two years after the initial endoscopy. The patient was not treated specifically for H. pylori between the two endoscopies, and did not remember any treatment with antibiotics, yet the whole H. pylori population had become resistant to macrolides, indicating that an unrelated antibiotic regimen could have induced a population bottleneck. Through the degeneration of mutation repair systems and natural transformation, evolution has favored the accumulation of diversity in H. pylori, which is likely contributing to rapid adaptation to changing environmental conditions. In our case, the large amount of pre-existing genetic variation in this patient did not seem to have contributed to the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance since the complete fixation of the adaptive 23S rRNA allele suggests that macrolides produced a hard selective sweep and a major reduction of diversity. Consequently, exposure to antibiotics, whether targeted toward eradication of H. pylori or not, represents an important event in the within-host evolution of these bacteria. Antibiotics are likely to have massively influenced the evolutionary dynamics of the species as a whole in recent decades as antibiotics became widely available globally and are almost ubiquitously used in almost all human populations.
The phylogenetic structure of within-host populations revealed that H. pylori isolates migrate between gastric regions. Migration happened frequently between the corpus and the fundus regions, thus ancestral lineages originating from the antrum were often easily identified, whereas corpus and fundus lineages were harder to distinguish from each other. H. pylori is a highly motile bacterium, and motility is essential for colonization;47,48 thus its ability to move between gastric regions is not surprising. However, in contrast to its vertical motility and orientation between layers of the gastric mucus, horizontal long-distance migrations of H. pylori between gastric regions have not been assessed before. The data acquired in the present study hence are a leap forward in our understanding of the development of the H. pylori population in the whole stomach. H. pylori intra-stomach localization is likely to be influenced by adhesins and the availability of cell surface receptors in different regions of the stomach, and by chemotaxis, in particular, the four Tlp chemotaxis receptor proteins, which sense and react to environmental conditions such as acidity, energy levels, lactate, urea, and other stimuli49,50,51,52,53. Although corpus and fundus are anatomically distinct areas, both regions are lined by oxyntic mucosa and may thus represent similar ecological niches for H. pylori. Notably, parietal cells, which are responsible for acid production, are found in all gastric glands of the oxyntic mucosa but are only partially present in the antral mucosa54. The pH and bicarbonate gradients between the lumen and the mucus are required for spatial orientation of the bacterium and motility toward the epithelium55,56. A recent study demonstrated that the strength of the adherence mediated by the BabA OMP is pH-dependent, which could be a way for H. pylori to detect when cells have detached from the epithelial layer to be shed toward the more acidic lumen26. Gastric units also display distinct macroscopic organization between the two types of mucosa. Pits are deeper, glands are more branched, and the proliferative zone (isthmus) is located lower within the gland in the antrum57. We propose that the differences between the antral and oxyntic mucosa are limiting H. pylori’s ability to migrate between these regions. The variation of migration rates observed between populations is likely owing to the host environment, including disease progression. For example, patterns of gastritis are mostly dependent of the host geographical origin rather than virulence factors and lineages of H. pylori58.
The isolation between the antral and oxyntic mucosa subpopulations appeared to drive independent adaptation within each niche. The independent emergence of antibiotic resistance in distinct regions observed in some patients is a clear example of such isolation and suggests that even under a global and common selective pressure, such as antibiotics, the lower frequency of migration between antral and oxyntic mucosa is hindering the selective sweep of adaptive alleles. We detected association with the antral and oxyntic mucosa in 241 genes, mainly related to chemotaxis, motility, and OMP families. With the exception of BabA and HomB, most confirmed or suspected adhesins (HopBC, HopH, HopZ, and SabA) displayed niche-specific mutations in one or more patients59,60. This suggests that modulating adherence to the gastric epithelium could be beneficial to improve the long-term colonization of different ecological niches. The observation that genes involved in chemotaxis and motility displayed patterns of niche-specific evolution is consistent with the important role of proper orientation and directed swimming of the bacteria for adaptation to the different types of mucosa and gastric glands. In particular, TlpB and TlpD are membrane-bound and cytoplasmic chemoreceptors, respectively, that mediate attraction to urea, repulsion from acidic pH and reactive oxygen species, and its energy taxis49,50,52,53,61,62.
Only a minority of genes showed a signal of niche-specific adaptation in multiple patients, indicating there might be different ways to adapt to the same niche or alternatively that environmental variations between patients could be limiting the chance of convergent evolution. Moreover, different mutations were observed in different patients, the only niche-specific mutation existing identically in multiple patients was observed in the HofC protein, which is part of the second largest group of paralogous OMPs60. The role of this family is not well characterized; it is known that HofC is regulated by a fur box63 and is able to bind lactoferrin64. Interestingly, HofC is required for colonization in mice65 and was the only gene acquiring mutations during mouse adaptation in both the SS1 and SS2000 strains66. Lactoferrin is found in the gastric mucus of both antrum and corpus67,68. The gastric levels of lactoferrin are correlated with IL-8, ammonia, and inflammation levels, thus are supposed to be increased during gastritis69. Iron requires gastric acid for solubilization and free iron becomes less available toward the glands when bound by lactoferrin70, thus the potentially different environments and oxyntic mucosa might drive the adaptation of HofC toward a more efficient binding of lactoferrin.
Here we showed that the within-host population structure of H. pylori is influenced by the physical separation of the antral and oxyntic mucosa. Consequently, it cannot be entirely dismissed that niche-specific genotypes emerged from genetic drift. Yet, functional categories relevant to host adaptation were over-represented amongst these genes and niche-specific mutations were largely non-neutral suggesting they are involved in local adaptation. Niche-specific genotypes represented only a minority of the overall diversity observed in each patient. We identified 40 high-frequency host-variable genes, which were polymorphic in > 50% of the patients. Despite belonging to similar functional categories as the niche-specific genotypes, such as the OMPs and cellular processes (regulation), these host-variable genes were not so frequently displaying polymorphisms associated to gastric regions. Unlike the niche-specific genotypes, identical mutations in host-variable genes were observed in different patients. The high in vivo mutation rate of these genes may be required for antigenic variation or adaptation to uncharacterized ecological niches. For example, H. pylori colonizes preferentially gastric lesions through chemotaxis71. Damaged gastric tissues possess different characteristics than healthy ones, and the wound-healing process is slowed down by H. pylori72,73. The diversity of these host-variable genes means they are frequently contributing to the standing genetic variation of H. pylori and are targeted during selection events. For example, the plasticity of OMPs has been described many times in longitudinal isolates as well as in geographically distinct strains. The high within-host variability of some OMPs, such as HopB and HopL, suggests that variants could be selected from the donor inoculum diversity during person-to-person transmission or emerge from in situ adaptation.
Gastric biopsies and isolation of H. pylori
Gastric biopsies were obtained from 16 patients in the Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases at the Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Germany between 2012 and 2016 (Table 1). The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received the approval from the ethics committee at the Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany (protocol number 80/11) as well as written informed consent from all subjects. The histological assessment was performed according to the OLGA/OLGIM staging system. H. pylori single colonies were isolated on blood agar plates74 by spreading the samples directly onto the media without pre-processing.
DNA extraction, genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation
Genomic DNA was extracted using Genomic-tip 100/G columns (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). All isolates were sequenced with >30-fold coverage on an Illumina MiSeq instrument using Nextera XT libraries, 50 samples dual-indexes multiplexing and 2 × 300 cycles v3 reagent cartridges. Paired-end reads were assembled de novo using SPAdes 3.9.075 with default parameters. In addition, selected isolates were resequenced on a PacBio RSII or Sequel instrument in order to generate completely closed reference sequences. Genomes were annotated using Prokka 1.776 with the H. pylori species database and ncRNAs were identified using Infernal77 and Rfam 11.078. Annotations of OMPs were manually curated using the 26695 and J99 reference strains as well as multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic comparisons. For each patient, reference genomes and raw read data were submitted to NCBI under BioProject PRJNA490474. GFF Annotations files were deposited on FigShare doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.7188239.
Antibiotic resistance testing
Antibiotic resistance for selected isolates was tested for MTZ, CLR, and CIP using Etest strips (Liofilchem, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy). EUCAST clinical breakpoints values were used to determine susceptibility (The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 8.1, 2018. http://www.eucast.org).
For each patient, a whole-genome reference-based multiple alignment was created using BWA-MEM 0.7.1279. Closed genomes from respective patients were used for each alignment as references. Overlapping contigs were stitched together and regions with incomplete coverage were replaced by Ns. The resulting multiple alignments were used as input for the analysis described below. Initial phylogenetic trees were generated using RAxML 8.2.980 with the GTR GAMMA model, 100 bootstrap replicates and the rooting algorithm option. Recombination events were predicted using ClonalFrameML 1.037 with default parameters, and the phylogenetic trees were corrected accordingly. Based on these recombination-corrected phylogenies, the TMRCA was calculated using a synonymous mutation rate of 1.38 × 10−5 per site per year as determined previously19. For Fig. 1a, a global tree was created with all the isolates using only SNPs obtained from alignments to the reference strain 26695 and FastTree 2.1.581. Figure 1b was generated with the RCircos R package82.
Migration rates between gastric regions were computed by marginal state reconstruction using the ace function from the ape 4.1 R package83, which implements maximum likelihood ancestral state reconstruction84. Ultrametric time-scaled trees were generated as described85 and used as input; they had to be slightly adjusted to meet the ace function requirements: multichotomies were resolved as dichotomies with the multi2di function and branches with a length of 0 were change to an insignificant length of 10−6 times the total tree length. Models with equal rates (one parameter), symmetric rates (three parameters), and all rates different (six parameters) were tested consecutively by order of complexity. The more complex models were only selected if they provided a significantly higher likelihood (likelihood-ratio test, p < 0.05). A meristic model, in which migration between antrum and fundus is required to happen in two steps via the corpus, was also assessed using the fitDiscrete function from the geiger 2.0.6R package86. In order to estimate migration rates based on the within-host trees of all individuals simultaneously, a global tree was constructed by concatenating individual time-scaled trees using long (50 years) separating branches. The number of migration events was estimated by stochastic character mapping using the make.simmap function from the phytools 0.6 R package87, which is based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach88. Character evolution was simulated for 1000 iterations using a symmetric model and 1000 simulations for each ultrametric time-scaled tree. The distribution of each type of migration event was then averaged over all trees.
Genotypes associated with gastric regions were identified using a Fisher’s exact test with p values corrected for multiple testing using the FDR approach89. To account for the high migration rate between corpus and fundus, isolates from these stomach parts were grouped together. We also accounted for recent migration events in the association analysis as follows. Using the ancestral reconstruction results, the location of each isolate was re-assigned to the location of the corresponding ancestral node with a maximum divergence time of 6 months for all patients (except patient 24 for which the maximum divergence was 1 year). Genotypes with an adjusted p value < 0.01 were considered significantly associated. Enriched functional categories for genes displaying niche-associated genotypes were detected using a Chi-Square test (p < 0.05) and presented in Fig. 4. For these genes, departure from neutrality was tested subsequently using a McDonald–Kreitman test35. In brief, the four counts (Pn, Ps, Dn, Ds) of between-host (D) vs within-host (P), and non-synonymous (n) vs synonymous (s) substitutions were computed and tested for neutrality using a Fisher’s exact test (FDR corrected p values < 0.05). The NI was calculated as follows NI = (Pn/Ps)/(Dn/Ds).
Further information on research design is available in the Nature Research Reporting Summary linked to this article.
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the article and Supplementary Information files. Moreover, reference genomes and raw sequencing reads that support the findings of this study have been deposited in the NCBI database with the accession code PRJNA490474. GFF annotation files are available in the FigShare repository with the identifier https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7188239. The source data underlying Figs. 1a, 2a–b, and 3a–b, and Supplementary Fig. 2a are provided as a Source Data file.
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We thank Christine Josenhans for valuable discussions while the project was progressing as well as critical reading and commenting of the manuscript. We thank Cathrin Spröer and Boyke Bunk for performing SMRT sequencing and genome assemblies as well as Birgit Brenneke, Friederike Kops, Simone Severitt, and Nicole Heyer for their excellent technical assistance. Funding was provided from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grants SFB900/A1 and SFB900/Z1 to S.S.).
Department of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
Florent Ailloud
, Gudrun Pfaffinger
, Ruth Christiane Bader
& Sebastian Suerbaum
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, MHH Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
, Sabrina Woltemate
DZIF German Center for Infection Research, Munich Site, Munich, Germany
DZIF German Center for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
, Jörg Overmann
School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
Xavier Didelot
Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
Jörg Overmann
National Reference Center for Helicobacter pylori, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, 80336, Munich, Germany
Ruth Christiane Bader
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
Christian Schulz
& Peter Malfertheiner
Department of Medicine 2, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
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F.A. and S.S. designed the experiments. F.A., S.W., G.P., and R.C.B performed the experiments. C.S. and P.M. carried out the clinical part of the study and provided gastric biopsies. J.O. provided PacBio sequencing. F.A., X.D., and S.S. analyzed the data. F.A., X.D., and S.S. wrote the paper. All authors provided critical comments on the manuscript and approved the final version.
Correspondence to Sebastian Suerbaum.
Supplementary Data 1
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Real estate in Southern California
LA's Housing Crisis Prices Out Would-Be Homeowners
This Is What $615,000 Will Buy You Across the Country
In LA, You Can Spend $800,000 on This Tear-Down
Los Angeles is Worst City in America for Renters: Forbes
Here's Where You Can Rent a Luxury Apartment for $976/Month
//www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/Rent-Control-Laws-Debated-in-California-481151251.html
High rents in Los Angeles cause people to question rent control laws in California.
California Department of Housing
Saturday, Apr 28, 2018 at 05:05 PM PDT
Rent Control Laws Debated in California
//www.nbclosangeles.com/news/california/Report-Soaring-CA-Housing-Prices-May-Lead-to-Exodus--445810373.html
California is quickly becoming an expensive place to live in and more than half of the state’s voters have considered moving, according to a new statewide poll.
Rent Crisis
Thursday, Sep 21, 2017 at 05:18 PM PDT
Report: Soaring CA Housing Prices May be Leading to Exodus
//www.nbclosangeles.com/investigations/I-Team-Housing-Burden-Los-Angeles-Rent-Cost-of-Living-Outrageous-486878441.html
Housing costs are climbing across Southern California, but low-income families are the ones being hit the hardest. If you pay more than 30 percent of your income on housing, you're considered "burdened."
Thursday, Jun 28, 2018 at 03:42 PM PDT
The Outrageous Burden of Housing Costs in SoCal
//www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/Los-Angeles-County-Rent-Apartments-Housing-Cost-492959341.html
Over protests from landlords and real estate brokers, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors voted 4-1 Tuesday in favor of an ordinance to temporarily limit rent increases to 3 percent in unincorporated...
Tuesday, Sep 11, 2018 at 07:01 PM PDT
LA County to Impose Rent Cap in Unincorporated Areas
//www.nbclosangeles.com/investigations/Southern-California-Long-Beach-Los-Angeles-Riverside-Housing-Market-Prices-Home-Sale-494409831.html
The median cost of a home in Los Angeles county hit $615,000 over the summer, an increase of 8 percent over the same time last year. What will that buy you in Southern California? The NBC4 I-Team looked around...
Thursday, Sep 27, 2018 at 10:39 AM PDT
By Jonathan Lloyd, Lolita Lopez, Josh Underwood-Davis
Here's What $615K Will Buy in SoCal's Housing Market
The median cost of a home in Los Angeles county hit $615,000 over the summer, an...View gallery
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Late at Night on NBC
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South Florida Workers Provide Food for Hungry Children
The DHL workers filled about 1,300 packs with two breakfasts, two snacks, two lunches and two dinners that they will distribute to the children in South Florida schools.
By Julia Bagg
Published Apr 9, 2013 at 1:42 PM | Updated at 3:12 PM EDT on Apr 9, 2013
//www.nbcmiami.com/multimedia/South-Florida-Workers-Provide-Food-for-Hungry-Children_Miami.html
More than 70 top workers from Canada to South America gathered in West Park to help Feeding South Florida provide food to hungry children in the area. NBC 6's Julia Bagg reports. (Published Tuesday, April 9, 2013)
Employees from South Florida-based DHL stepped out of their usual roles to make a special delivery Tuesday.
More than 70 top workers from Canada to South America gathered in West Park to help Feeding South Florida provide food to hungry children in the area.
Halle Berry, Michael Kors Launch Watch Hunger Stop
South Florida Whole Foods Opening More Than 300 Jobs
Whole Foods is opening more than 300 positions at its 12 South Florida locations. NBC 6's David Jeannot spoke with Whole Foods Co-founder and CEO John Mackey and local supplier Teena Borek about the company's impact on the South Florida economy.
(Published Saturday, April 6, 2013)
"That's the perfect combination," said Frank Jimenez, a customer service manager in Santo Domingo, who had never been to Florida before. "It's a wonderful experience."
Employees crowded into impromptu assembly lines at Feeding South Florida.
Local Chefs Volunteer to Feed the Needy
Jimenez helped packed boxes full of non-perishables, cereals, and treats for more than one thousand hungry kids. For him, it's a labor of love.
"I have to put my heart in each box definitely," he said.
HR specialist Rubi Maymo works at DHL's Plantation office, and said she's glad to be giving back to her own community.
11 Starving Horses Found in Southwest Miami-Dade: SPCA
"They're gonna be so happy," said Maymo, a mother of three. "I can just picture their face light up."
DHL's regional CEO Stephen Fenwick donned gloves with his employees to help sort boxes and cans. The Australian native moved to South Florida two years ago. For him, the packing means "just the joy of being part of the community."
The packs include six meals and snacks, and will be slipped into backpacks of hungry students at schools across South Florida later this week.
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Blue Angels Air Shows Canceled
Men Charged in Scuffle With Miami Police Officers at Fatal Shooting Scene
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N Engl J Med. 1997 May 1;336(18):1276-82.
Coronary risk factors and plaque morphology in men with coronary disease who died suddenly.
Burke AP1, Farb A, Malcom GT, Liang YH, Smialek J, Virmani R.
Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
Cigarette smoking and abnormal serum cholesterol concentrations are risk factors for acute coronary syndromes, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We studied whether cigarette smoking and abnormal cholesterol values may precipitate acute coronary thrombosis and sudden death resulting from either rupture of vulnerable coronary plaques or erosion of plaques.
We examined the hearts of 113 men with coronary disease who had died suddenly and also analyzed their coronary risk factors. We found an acute coronary thrombus in each of 59 men, and severe narrowing of the coronary artery by an atherosclerotic plaque without acute thrombosis (stable plaque) in 54. Cases of acute thrombosis were divided into two groups: 41 resulting from rupture of a vulnerable plaque (a thin fibrous cap overlying a lipid-rich core), and 18 resulting from the erosion of a fibrous plaque rich in smooth-muscle cells and proteoglycans. Vulnerable plaques that had not ruptured were counted in each heart.
Cigarette smoking was a risk factor in 44 (75 percent) of the men with acute thrombosis, as compared with 22 (41 percent) of the men with stable plaques (P<0.001). The mean (+/-SD) ratio of serum total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was markedly elevated in the men who died of acute thrombosis with plaque rupture (mean, 8.5+/-4.0) but only mildly elevated in the men without acute thrombosis (5.5+/-2.4; P<0.001) and in the men with thrombi overlying eroded plaques (5.0+/-1.8; P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed an association between an elevated ratio of serum total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol and the presence of vulnerable plaques (P<0.001).
Among men with coronary disease who die suddenly, abnormal serum cholesterol concentrations - particularly elevated ratios of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol - predispose patients to rupture of vulnerable plaques, whereas cigarette smoking predisposes patients to acute thrombosis.
The composition of coronary-artery plaques. [N Engl J Med. 1997]
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Acute Disease
Cholesterol/blood*
Cholesterol, HDL/blood
Coronary Artery Disease/blood
Coronary Artery Disease/complications*
Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
Coronary Thrombosis/etiology*
Coronary Thrombosis/pathology
Coronary Vessels/pathology*
Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology
Death, Sudden, Cardiac/pathology
Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis
Hypertension/complications
Rupture, Spontaneous
Smoking/adverse effects*
Cholesterol, HDL
Glycated Hemoglobin A
Atypon
Coronary Artery Disease - MedlinePlus Health Information
Cholesterol Levels: What You Need to Know - MedlinePlus Health Information
Cholesterol - MedlinePlus Health Information
CHOLESTEROL - Hazardous Substances Data Bank
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By Pulasthi Ariyasinghe Neowin @LoneWolfSL · Nov 6, 2018 13:16 EST with 1 comment
It's a new week and a couple of new additions have been made to the Xbox One Backward Compatibility program. Today, Microsoft announced that two Tom Clancy Ubisoft games originally for the Xbox 360 were being added, them being the arcade flying title H.A.W.X and the unique voice command controlled strategy game EndWar.
These two join the four Ghost Recon and Splinter Cell Tom Clancy titles that are already backward compatible on the Xbox One. Here are the details and store pages of the two new arrivals:
Tom Clancy's EndWar - $19.99
Experience World War III in your living room with Tom Clancy's EndWar™, a revolutionary new war game built to maximize next-generation gaming consoles and completely controllable by voice.
Tom Clancy's H.A.W.X - not available for purchase
Tom Clancy’s H.A.W.X puts you in command of the most powerful jet fighters on Earth. In 2014, as a former elite USAF pilot, you join a powerful Private Military Company. Your missions will take you all around the world over photo-realistic, well-known locations, using real satellite data.
Last Tuesday, the backward compatibility list increased by four games, with Microsoft adding three titles from the Castlevania franchise as well as the original Just Cause. Also announced that day were the November Games with Gold, with its first wave of games, Battlefield 1 and Assassin's Creed, now available to claim for Xbox Live Gold members.
Tom clancys end war
Tom clancys hawx
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Vine's successor Byte is coming in 2019
By Timi Cantisano Neowin @timicantisano · Nov 8, 2018 18:54 EST with 4 comments
In an age where things are hot one day and not the next, there are tons of ruins in the digital graveyard, with Vine being one that was laid to rest some years ago. Around this time last year, Vine co-founder, Dom Hofmann tweeted that he was working on a successor to the service, that was eventually abandoned, due to some complications. But now, it looks like a successor is once again underway, getting a bit more real, with the service donning the moniker, Byte.
Hofmann took to Twitter to show off the service's new logo and also stated that it would be launching in the spring of 2019. Like Vine, it will be a looping video app and it will be interesting to see whether the idea can survive in a market where titans like Instagram, Snapchat, and others are vying for the eyes of any and all.
our new looping video app is called byte. launching spring 2019 pic.twitter.com/C3FMvkcIwc
— dom hofmann (@dhof) November 8, 2018
Vine was an interesting platform during its time, but after a couple of years, it started losing its momentum. Hopefully, this time, Hofmann has a plan in place to make sure that people keep on using Byte and that it can keep growing its audience after its initial hype dies down.
Source: Dom Hofmann (Twitter)
Dom hofmann
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Children in temporary housing 'at risk of ill-health'
Thousands of children who live in temporary housing in Scotland are at risk of ill-health, campaigners have warned.
According to Shelter Scotland, there will be approximately 5,800 children staying in B&Bs or temporary flats this Christmas.
Sixty children are made homeless each day north of the border, placing them at risk of illness as a result of damp accommodation.
The homelessness charity has launched a new 'No Room At The Inn' campaign to highlight the plight of these children at Christmastime.
Charity director Graeme Brown described the fact that children are becoming ill because their families are forced to accept temporary accommodation as a 'scandal'.
'It is a badge of shame for our nation that children who spend time in temporary accommodation fall behind at school, are more likely to contract respiratory conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and are less likely to go into further and higher education,' he claimed.
A spokesman for the Scottish government told the Press Association that 'good progress' was being made on the issue and that less than one per cent of children in temporary accommodation stay in B&Bs.
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Terrill, Leftwich Surrender To Authorities, Make Court Appearance
Sunday, January 2nd 2011, 7:26 PM CST
Monday, January 3rd 2011, 6:19 PM CST
Adrianna Iwasinski, News 9
OKLAHOMA CITY -- A member of the Oklahoma House and a former member of the state Senate who face felony bribery charges have made their initial court appearance after turning themselves in to the Oklahoma County jail Monday morning.
Oklahoma County Special Judge Russell Hall entered not guilty pleas on Monday afternoon for Rep. Randy Terrill of Moore and former Sen. Debbe Leftwich of Oklahoma City. Hall set their next court appearance for March 17.
Leftwich and Terrill were booked in, fingerprinted and had mug shots taken. County sheriff's spokesman Mark Myers said Leftwich was booked at 10 a.m. and Terrill followed at 10:15 a.m.
Terrill made a long statement to reporters after is initial appearance in court.
"Welcome to the circus," said Terrill, as he went on to profess his innocence. "What we have here is actually a good old fashioned political persecution, not a criminal prosecution. By a overzealous, hyper partisan democrat district attorney who has charged a nonexistent crime."
Terrill said he is not being targeted for anything he has done but because of who he is and what he believes.
"While I like and respect Senator Leftwich a lot, in fact I consider her to be a very competent and capable individual, I never offered or gave her anything to withdraw as a candidate in last year's election," said Terrill. "I am 100 percent innocent of the charges which are absolutely, totally and completely without any factual or legal merit."
Terrill went on to say that he has confidence and faith in the system that he will be fully exonerated and ultimately vindicated.
Terrill's attorney had nothing to say to reporters.
Former Senator Debbe Leftwich refrained from making any comments. Her attorney Robert McCampbell did make a statement to reporters about his client being innocent of the charges against her and brought up many examples of good things she did for the people of Oklahoma while she was a lawmaker.
"She's had an outstanding career in the Oklahoma Senate she served for six years and has been a tireless advocate for Oklahoma a tireless advocate particularly for disadvantaged Oklahomans," McCampbell said.
On the charges, McCampbell said he and his client are fully confident that she is going to be found 100 percent innocent.
"Senator Leftwich has not done anything wrong and we welcome this opportunity to go to court and use the legal process to get this before a judge and get this decided," McCampbell said.
The Oklahoma County District Attorney charged both of them with bribery and accepting a bribe in an alleged plan to create a position for Leftwich at the state Medical Examiner's office.
Both Terrill and Leftwich have publicly denied any wrong-doing. Their attorneys said they're looking forward to their day in court.
If convicted, Terrill and Leftwich could each face up to two years in prison and a $1,000 fine.
Leftwich and Terrill are free on a $2,000 bond.
Rep. Randy Terrill, Former Sen. Debbe Leftwich Charged With Bribery
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How to curtail currency fees when paying for stuff abroad
Posted: 2:45 PM, Jun 18, 2019
By: Alice Holbrook
You spent months saving for your trip abroad and you’ve budgeted to stretch your money once you’re there. You compared prices on hotels and Airbnbs. You weighed out a rail pass. You found the combo ticket that covers all the best museums.
Getting the best deal matters — including when you’re choosing whether to pay with cards or cash.
NerdWallet checked in with some experienced travelers and a consumer advocate for tips on using your cards wisely while abroad. Here’s how they keep currency fees under control.
Use a fee-free card
When you swipe a debit or credit card in another country, you’re typically charged a fee to change your currency, often around 3% of the purchase price or the amount you withdraw. But a growing number of cards don’t charge these fees . If you don’t already have one of each type, consider signing up before your trip.
“I always make sure I travel with a credit card that has no foreign exchange fees. That’s a given. It’s always in my wallet,” says Jackie Sills-Dellegrazie, who blogs about her travels at The Globetrotting Teacher.
With debit cards, you may be facing three types of fees: the currency exchange fee, a fee from your bank for using an ATM abroad and a fee from the foreign bank’s ATM as well. But some debit cards nix foreign transaction fees and won’t charge you to withdraw money from a foreign ATM. And some, like Lisa Marquardt’s, reimburse the ATM fees other banks might charge you.
“I was in Kosovo last year, [and] I used a machine which charged seven euros. Sure enough, they refunded it back,” says Marquardt, who writes about her own trips at The Hot Flash Packer.
If you’re an infrequent traveler, know that some no-foreign-transaction-fee credit cards have pricey annual fees, according to Joseph Ridout, a spokesperson for advocacy nonprofit group Consumer Action. Look at your trip budget and “balance any fees with the potential savings,” he says.
You might not need to get a special card to save. If you hold a premium account at your bank, some of these perks might come with the credit or debit card you already have.
Pay with a credit card, if possible
Even if your credit card doesn’t waive foreign transaction fees, swiping it is still typically a better deal than converting cash.
“Credit cards ordinarily have the best currency conversion rate by far,” Ridout says.
It’s tough to find merchants who’ll accept Discover outside the U.S., Ridout says, but other cards are more widely accepted. Foreign merchants tend to prefer Visa and Mastercard, and many also accept American Express.
And while you should always have some cash, you might need less than you think. “Most countries in the world now, credit cards work pretty well. We probably use credit cards on 80% of our travels,” says AJ Ratani, who co-wrote “How to Travel With Kids (Without Losing Your Mind)” with his wife, Natasha Sandhir.
Have a choice? Pay in local currency
When you’re buying something with a card, the merchant might ask if you want to pay in U.S. dollars or local currency. U.S. dollars might seem like the obvious choice, but think again, says Ridout.
“Do it in local currency,” he says. “Dollars will be more costly. [It’s] a sneaky way banks and merchants make a little more off you.”
Skip the airport currency exchange
Credit cards might be the best way to pay for hotels and meals, but you will probably need cash for tips and bargaining at the market. So where do you get it?
“I definitely would not recommend converting currency at [an airport currency exchange],” Sills-Dellegrazie says. “Just don’t do it.”
Ratani estimates that the currency exchange providers that line the arrivals area charge as much as a 15% premium to convert your money — making debit card ATM fees look like a steal. Instead, he suggests hitting an ATM at the airport before heading to your hotel.
To keep from paying multiple ATM fees, avoid low-limit ATMs, advises Marquardt, who has seen some as low as $100 per withdrawal. “Go to ATMs where you can take out more money and do just one transaction,” she says.
Try paying in cash dollars
All of this assumes that you need to exchange your currency — but Ratani says that’s not always true. Cash dollars can sometimes work abroad. In some countries, they’re at par with local currency. Just have the exchange rate firmly in mind before using them to pay.
“Offer people to pay in dollars first. You’d be surprised how many people want dollars and will give you the current exchange rate or even better,” he says.
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Alice Holbrook is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: alice.holbrook@nerdwallet.com.
The article How to Curtail Currency Fees When Paying for Stuff Abroad originally appeared on NerdWallet.
2019 NerdWallet, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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New Statesman Podcast
Chancellor has an opportunity to recover the government’s position as champions of the “John Lewis economy”
Autumn Statement wishlist.
By Carole Leslie
Employee ownership offers an escape route for so many challenges facing the government The businesses tend to perform better, particularly in recessionary times. Wealth created is shared amongst employees, not channeled into the pockets of tax avoiding executives and we now find that employees tend to be happier and healthier thus easing the burden on our health and benefits systems. What’s not to like?
Indeed, this Government has been vocally supportive of employee ownership yet the only concrete proposal has been the widely derided “rights for shares” scheme. With only two measures, the Chancellor has an opportunity to recover the government’s position as champions of the “John Lewis economy”. These measures look at business succession and access to finance.
We need more business owners considering selling to employees as an exit route. The Nuttall report identified the lack of knowledge from professional advisers such as lawyers and accountants as an obstacle to wider adoption. By introducing a tax incentive to business owners who sell to their employees, such as exists in the US, would instantly create sufficient noise to ensure that employee buy-outs are on the table alongside trade sales, IPO and MBOs when it comes to discussing exit options for owners. In this way, we would see more of our SME and family firms remaining in their communities providing sustainable employment and skills for future generations.
Even the most successful employee owned businesses report problems with access to finance. Mainstream investors want to see a planned exit date preferably at a significant premium to the value of their investment. The employee-owned business, with its desire to maintain the jobs and investment in the local area for the long term, can find this incompatible with their plans. Similarly, one of the trends we are seeing on bank funding is that even where it is available, banks are looking to get loans paid off in full in 5 years, whereas in the past they may have offered a 10 year period. Now we are seeing some banks taking an interest in supporting employee owned models, but it’s still too local to make the step-change required. We need a lender that considers long term sustainability over short term return and the Business Bank could be that vehicle.
The government has been telling us all year how much they support employee ownership. It’s good for business, for the economy and for individuals. Make it happen, Mr Osborne.
Carole Leslie is an Employee Ownership Specialist
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By Jean-Christophe Coutures
Every industry has a responsibility to this planet and its people.
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Spring, the season of opportunistic muddle
As the climate changes, we will mourn the clarity of the idealised spring, whose business in nature is to promote renewal after a period of rest.
By Richard Mabey
PRIVATE COLLECTION/ BRIDGEMAN IMAGES
I shall be sad if this proves to be one of the last Easters whose date isn’t fixed in stone by parliamentary enactment. Its traditional date is decided by a wonderful mash-up between theological and natural cycles, being the first Sunday following the first “ecclesiastical” full moon after the spring equinox. Its wanderings between late March and late April may infuriate tidy-minded planners but it seems to me a pretty good metaphor for the way the boundaries of the seasons are blurring.
I am writing this in a March snowstorm. There is nothing unusual about this, except that it follows a so-called winter in which not just daffodils but a second flush of wild roses were in bloom in December. On a heath here in Norfolk, I found a burnet rose bush bearing two generations of hips, a wonder that would have awed our ancestors as much as the Glastonbury thorn (a hawthorn sport), which flowers on Old Christmas Day (now 5 January) as well as in spring. When 11 days in September were “eliminated” in the bureaucratic calendar revisions of 1752, there were huge and angry gatherings around England’s scatter of Glastonbury thorns, to see if they would flower at “natural” or parliamentary Christmas.
What followed our recent spring-in-winter has been a procession of chaotic, seasonally illegible alternations, with peacock butterflies tempted out of hibernation on sunlit January afternoons to visit Mediterranean euphorbias in full flower, and gales of autumnal ferocity that wrenched trees out of waterlogged ground. Now we have jumped back a month to mid-February and the “Beware: frogs” posters on the lanes through our common went up the day before the temperatures dropped to 5°C.
We view these collapses of the natural order with foreboding and assume that we will have to “pay for it”. Bees will be mummified in crocus sarcophagi, caught out by frost. Precocious blooming will sap plants’ energy and uncouple them from the flight cycles of their pollinators. And we will mourn the clarity of the idealised spring, whose business in nature is to promote renewal after a period of rest – a process that also seems to symbolise some psychic or biological rhythm in ourselves.
These past months – and it may be a permanent change – we have been landed with the climate-change version of Eliot’s “April is the cruellest month”, with the pleasant riot of premature flowers only serving to remind us that behind them is the jet stream we see so graphically on the weather forecast maps. But winter and spring have never been as clear-cut as it suits us to remember. Spring is an opportunistic muddle, enacted by each species in its own time and space.
The great floral symbol of Easter is the primrose, the prima rosa, the first flower. In less ecologically correct times, children picked bunches for their mothers and did no harm to populations by this kindly harvest of blooms whose pastel yellow seems the quintessence of the new season.
Yet even in an unexceptional year a few primroses are always in bloom by late November. Wordsworth loved them for their adherence to place more than to moment. His poem “The Primrose of the Rock” commemorates a single clump that hung on in a roadside crevice and became a symbol of those Wordsworthian virtues of independence and fortitude. His sister, Dorothy, annotated her copy of the poem: “Written in March 1829 on seeing a primrose-tuft of flowers flourishing in a chink of rock in which that primrose-tuft had been seen by us to flourish for 29 seasons.”
Our first primroses of spring begin in the damp microclimate of the roadside ditches, a rime edging the bottom of the sloping banks and nurtured by the seepage of moisture and nutrients. This year, after incessant rainstorms, some have been swallowed up by the rising ditchwater; you have the eerie experience of seeing them flowering underwater, pallid Ophelias that seem to be none the worse once they have dried out.
Because of the primrose’s long flowering period, stretching till the end of May, it is in bloom at the same time as other members of the primula family, giving it opportunities to cross-breed and make botanical identity one of the other mutable features of the season. About a mile from our house, there is what is called a “hybrid swarm”. Common primroses grow in a roadside ditch, cowslips on the verge and flatter top of the bank. On the other side of the lane is the edge of an isolated cottage garden full of polyanthus. Over the years, they have promiscuously interbred and backcrossed. Last year, I counted 18 distinct varieties: primroses with pure white and “rhubarb and custard” flowers; primroses growing as umbels on long stalks; hybrids between all these and normal cowslips and the terracotta-petalled variety known as “Devon red”; and here and there the bronze and ochre hues of polyanthus edging their way into the gene pool.
In the 16th and 17th centuries, there was a belief among the clergy and literati that winter was a punishment of the Fall and that Eden previously basked in a “perpetual spring”. In Paradise Lost, Milton praises its constant “vernal delight”, in which “Blossoms and fruits at once of golden hue/Appear’d”. We might find this unvarying abundance tedious, despite our distaste for the new English spring, which looks as if it is settling into a mishmash of warmth, wet and
wind that stretches from December to May.
Climate change will disrupt the character and cast of early spring but it won’t stop the season in its tracks. Spring is protean and, be it confined to ditch bottoms or cracks in rocks or single snatched hot afternoons, its essential business of regeneration will happen, whether we notice it or not.
Richard Mabey’s “The Cabaret of Plants” is published by Profile Books
› “My name is Sidra”: how virtual reality could combat compassion fatigue
This article appears in the 17 March 2016 issue of the New Statesman, Spring double issue
I decided to venture outside of my usual garden centres and buy a few lesser-known varieties of rosemary. After all, how hard could it be
Why woods are as important to history as any king, battle or law
The strange world of expensive beauty treatments for your lawn
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Domestic Violence Arrest by NYPD
Attorney for Domestic Violence in Manhattan
Each year officers with the New York Police Department (NYPD) responds to more than 250,000 domestic incidents. Officers that respond to these calls face unpredictable situations. Officers are trained to make an arrest even when they have serious doubts about the veracity of the complaining witness.
The alleged victims of domestic violence are referred to one of more than 350 domestic violence prevention officers, investigators and supervisors in precincts throughout New York City.
The NYPD has a domestic violence unit in every precinct in New York City. Officers in this unit are specially trained to handle domestic violence cases. Alleged victims can call the local precinct to speak with the domestic violence officer.
After an incident, Domestic Violence officers visit the homes of victims as well as provide referrals to court, counseling services and shelter alternatives. The Domestic Violence officers help the alleged victims creat safety plans and obtain orders of protection.
In New York County (Manhattan), there were a total of 4,843 victims of domestic violence reported in 2015 with 2,583 women and 676 men and 1,575 other family members. City-wide the number of domestic violence victims were 33,808 with 18,422 women, 4002 men and 11,373 other family members.
If you were arrested for any type of domestic violence offense by the NYPD then contact an experienced criminal defense attorney at Greco Neyland, PC. We represent clients throughout Manhattan and the surrounding areas in New York City.
We represent clients in a wide range of domestic violences cases including domestic assault or obstruction of breathing or strangulation. We also represent clients charged with child endangerment. Call us to find out what you need to do immediately to protect your rights and protect your family. We can put our experience to work for you.
Call (212) 951-1300 to speak with an experienced criminal defense attorney about your domestic violence case in Manhattan or throughout New York City.
NYPD on Domestic Violence Crime Prevention – Visit the website of the City of New York to learn more about preventing crimes involving domestic violence through enforcement efforts and public outreach. Each local precinct and service area has a domestic violence office. The Domestic Violence Unit of the NYPD investigates incidents of domestic violences, helps to ensure the safety of victims, and helps educate the public during awareness outreach projects.
Family Justice Centers in Manhattan – Victims and their families can access resources relatd to NYPD, the court and social service at the Family Justice Centers. To get to the Family Justice Center in Manhatan by subway take the 456 to Brooklyn Bridge-City Hall, the NYCS JNYCS Z to Chambers Street, the NYCS NNYCS RNYCS Q to Canal Street, the NYCS 1NYCS 23 to Chambers Street or the NYCS AC to Chambers Street.
NYC Family Justice Center Manhattan
80 Centre St.
NYPD’s U Certification Office – For non-citizens wanting to stay in the United States, special protections apply if that person also claims to be a victim of domestic violence after applying for a U Visa Certification Request. The NYPD U Certification Office handles all certification requests regardless of the qualifying crime.
One Police Plaza – Room 1312-O
2015 New York State Domestic Violence Legislative Summaries – Find bills signed into law by the Governor of New York related to temporary orders of protection in domestic violence cases, orders of protection in sexual assault, victim right notice, campus sexual assault and interpersonal violence, and trafficking victim protection and justice act.
NYPD UCR Domestic Violence Report by NYC County – Visit the website of the Division of Criminal Justice Services to find data from 2015. The data is published in the NYPD’s Uniform Crime Reports. Most law enforcement agencies in the State of New York use UCR crime categories of “aggravated assault” and “simple assault“, NYC data instead shows the categories of “felonious assault” and “assault third degree & related offenses”. The data is derived from top charge of the reported complaint and the relationship / intimate partner information collected by the NYPD crime reporting system. The source of the data is the NYPD Cognos datawarehouse (as of 3/2016).
This article was last updated on Thursday, June 9, 2016.
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Farm Business and Productivity
Biosecurity, Health and Welfare
The NFF has three Liaison Officers on secondment from Australian Government departments to provide services direct to the agriculture sector in the areas of environmental law, biosecurity, and immigration and labour.
Department of the Environment Department of Agriculture Department of Immigration and Border Protection
If your enquiry is for the National Farmers' Federation Liaison, please contact the Department of the Environment's Community Information Unit on 1800 803 772 or the EPBC Compliance Hotline on 02 6274 1372 or at
The former Environment Liaison Officer provided the following fact sheets as information for farmers on the EPBC Act (what it covers, what it means for farmers and how to seek an approval).
Please note, this is archived material, and we encourage those who would like further information, to visit the Department of the Environment's website here.
Preview Farming & National Environment Law: EPBC Act Fact Sheet (PDF 738.3 kb)
Preview Rumours, myths and misconceptions - farming and national environmental law (PDF 1.7 Mb)
Preview Overview: The EPBC Act 1999 (PDF 821.8 kb)
Preview Fact Sheet: What is a referral? (PDF 1.6 Mb)
Preview Fact sheet: Is your farm business exempt? (PDF 223.3 kb)
Preview Fact Sheet: Protection of threatened species and ecological communities (PDF 2.8 Mb)
Preview Fact Sheet: The EPBC Act and the Australian Constitution (PDF 192.3 kb)
If your enquiry is for the National Farmers' Federation Liaison, please contact the Department of Agriculture's switchboard on 02 6274 1111.
For more, visit the Department of Agriculture's website.
Department of Immigration and Border Protection
If your enquiry is for the National Farmers' Federation Liaison, please contact the Department of Immigration and Border Protection on 02 6264 1111.
A range of publication and statistics are available on the department's website and are regularly updated. The department is continually expanding the data available and this information can be located here.
The Service Centre is available on phone number 131 881 to assist with pre-lodgement application enquiries where the information is not readily available on the website. Enquiries can also be made via the relevant contact form located here .
For more, visit the Employers section of the Department's website.
< Policy & Issues
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Woolies digs deep for drought relief
PUTTING 'retail therapy' into new context, the National Farmers' Federation (NFF) is urging Australians to get behind Woolworths' National Drought Action Day on Tuesday 23 January 2007, as the retail giant pledges to donate all of the day's profits to drought relief and research.
Expected to raise over $3 million through sales at all Woolworths and Safeway supermarkets, the gesture by one of Australia's largest retailers has been warmly welcomed by the NFF.
"People can now help farmers just by buying their groceries at Woolies for a day," NFF CEO Ben Fargher said. "If you're going to do the household grocery shopping anyway, what better than being able to lend a hand to Australia's drought-stricken farmers in the process."
"This gesture is very much appreciated by Australian farmers – not just because of the money likely to be raised on Tuesday, but because it demonstrates the rest of the country recognises the contribution agriculture makes to the country.
"It is tangible recognition from Woolworths – one of the country's biggest grocery retailers – that their suppliers, Australia's farmers, are feeling the pinch. It also affords ordinary Australians the opportunity to do their bit in the normal course of doing their shopping.
"The funding to be delivered to the Country Women's Association Emergency Drought Relief Program and research into sustainable farming practices can make a valuable contribution to helping farm families get through the drought, while also assisting in generating greater research into things like climate change.
"The Woolworths' National Drought Action Day is a shining example of corporate Australia getting behind farming communities in the grip of the worst drought on record. Like the rain that fell over much of the NT, SA and Victoria this weekend, this initiative is giving renewed hope to Australian farmers."
Media Enquiries: Brett Heffernan
Human capital is more than just bums in lecture theatres »
« Horticulture Code has 100% support of grower groups
< Media Releases
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In This Article Revelation
Revelation in the Bible
Revelation at Sinai in Biblical Texts
Revelation at Sinai: Between Biblical and Post-biblical Thinkers
Prophetic Revelation
Revelation and the Authority of the Law
Revelation in Second Temple Judaism
Post-biblical Prophecy?
Revelation in Contemporary Ultra-Orthodoxy
Revelation in Classical Rabbinic Literature
Tradition as Revelation in Rabbinic Judaism
Revelation in Medieval Jewish Mysticism and Philosophy
Medieval Jewish Biblical Commentators
Revelation in Modern Jewish Thought
Franz Rosenzweig
Abraham Joshua Heschel
Other Thinkers
Nature as a Form of Revelation in the Bible and Post-biblical Judaism
Apocalypticism and Messianism
Hermann Cohen
American Hebrew Literature
An-Sky (Shloyme Zanvil Rappaport)
David Bergelson
Benjamin Sommer
LAST REVIEWED: 30 June 2015
LAST MODIFIED: 15 January 2015
Revelation refers to an act in which God conveys a message, teaching, or truth to humanity or to a group of human beings. A person who receives a revelation that he or she is to proclaim to a larger community is known as a prophet, and thus the topics of revelation and prophecy are intertwined, especially in religions that are based on revelation, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. (Revelation may be distinguished from mystical experience in Judaism, in which a human being experiences divine presence without receiving some specific message or teaching to bring to other people.) The notion of revelation is central to the Jewish religion because the authority of the Bible and rabbinic tradition and hence of Jewish law goes back to revelations God vouchsafed to various prophets. That authority especially goes back to the central act of revelation in Jewish tradition, the giving of the Torah through Moses at Mount Sinai. According to the narratives regarding the Sinaitic revelation in the Torah and in rabbinic texts, the revelation at Sinai first and foremost conveyed laws to the nation Israel. Later prophetic revelations through the classical prophets of the Bible typically conveyed messages of several types. Some encouraged the Israelites to obey the law in both its ritual and its moral dimensions; in particular, prophets often warned the Israelites regarding their failures to observe the law. They also conveyed messages of comfort after catastrophes overtook the nation. Written records of these revelations were grouped together and became a significant component of the writings that evolved into the Bible. Most Jews came to believe that prophetic revelation came to an end during the beginning of the Second Temple period (approximately in the 5th century BCE), whereupon the interpretation by sages of the revealed texts found in the Bible took the place of revelation. Religious authority, therefore, shifted from prophets to sages, from new revelations to canonical texts. Some Jews believed, however, that the act of interpreting biblical texts could itself be guided by a sort of secondary revelation. Beliefs of this sort were prominent, for example, in the Judaism of the Dead Sea Scrolls sect, but they are sometimes found (and are also sometimes rejected) in various forms of rabbinic Judaism in Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the contemporary world.
Revelation is a crucial topic for all periods of Jewish studies: biblical, ancient, rabbinic, medieval, and modern. Many studies focus on one period (see the sections below), while others cover several periods at once because they provide overviews or because they discuss how texts and thinkers in a post-biblical era viewed revelation in the biblical period or in biblical texts that narrate revelation. Solomon 2012 provides a comprehensive survey informed by deep Jewish learning and by sensitivity to modern questions and approaches. Ward 1994 discusses various ways to define revelation and examines ideas of revelation in religions throughout the world; on pages 111–134 the author relates Jewish views of revelation to wider discussions in religious studies and theology. Cohen and Mendes-Flohr 1987 provides several essays that discuss concepts related to revelation not only in biblical texts, but also as viewed in later forms of Judaism. Scholem 1971 discusses the ways rabbinic and kabbalistic texts relate revelation to the oral and written traditions that mediate God’s messages to later generations. Gillman 1990 both presents a modern theology of revelation and lays out ways other modern thinkers have conceptualized the ways God communicates with Israel. Throughout Jewish history a productive tension has existed between direct revelation from God and revelation mediated through the process of textual interpretation, which itself can become a type of revelatory experience or divinition for the scholar and the student. This productive tension is discussed in Scholem 1971 and Fishbane 1989. An additional question that reappears throughout Jewish culture in all periods, discussed in Fackenheim 1972, is the extent to which God does or does not speak through historical events—an issue that has become more acute in the 20th century, with its two overwhelming events of catastrophe and rebirth in the Holocaust and the creation of the State of Israel.
Cohen, Arthur, and Paul R. Mendes-Flohr, eds. Contemporary Jewish Religious Thought: Original Essays on Critical Concepts, Movements, and Beliefs. New York: Free Press, 1987.
E-mail Citation »
Contains several short and readable essays relevant to the topic—not only “Revelation” by Shalom Rosenberg (pp. 815–826), but also “Authority” by Stephen Wald (pp. 29–34), “Commandments” by Yeshayahu Leibowitz (pp. 67–80), “Covenant” by Arnold Eisen (pp. 107–112), “Natural Law” by Jeffrey Macy (pp. 663–672), “Prophecy” by Peter Zaas (pp. 731–734), “Silence” by André Neher (pp. 873–880), and “Torah” by James Kugel (pp. 995–1016).
Fackenheim, Emil. God’s Presence in History: Jewish Affirmations and Philosophical Reflection. New York: HarperCollins, 1972.
Argues that events in history have been interpreted in Judaism as demanding interpretation; 20th-century experience of near-death in the Holocaust and rebirth in the establishment of the State of Israel entail a commanding message of Jewish survival that might be seen as akin to a revelation.
Fishbane, Michael. The Garments of Torah: Essays in Biblical Hermeneutics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989.
Explores the relationship between revelation and interpretation in biblical and rabbinic texts and the bearing of that relationship for modern Jewish understandings of sacred text.
Gillman, Neil. Sacred Fragments: Recovering Theology for the Modern Jew. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1990.
The first chapter, “Revelation: What Really Happened?” (pp. 1–39), provides an excellent overview of the importance of revelation for Jewish thought. It lays out the philosophical and exegetical challenges that the biblical texts concerning revelation at Sinai present.
Scholem, Gershom. “Revelation and Tradition as Religious Categories in Judaism.” In The Messianic Idea in Judaism. By Gershom Scholem, 282–303. New York: Schocken, 1971.
Emphasizes the crucial role of tradition throughout Jewish history as a central aspect of revelation that applies and expands the divine communication in new historical circumstances. Explores the ways tradition in Judaism mediates, stimulates, preserves, and renews revelation.
Solomon, Norman. Torah from Heaven: The Reconstruction of Faith. Oxford: Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2012.
A comprehensive treatment of Jewish ideas about revelation of the Torah from ancient to modern times, discussing both attacks on traditional views and defenses thereof, with an explicit preference for modern, middle-way understandings of the origin of the Bible and of the law.
Ward, Keith. Religion and Revelation: A Theology of Revelation in the World’s Religions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
An excellent treatment of revelation in light of both modern Christian theology and the study of comparative religion. In addition to its instructive treatment of Jewish traditions (pp. 111–133), it contains useful discussions of how to define the term revelation (pp. 15–36, 87–93) and models for understanding revelation (pp. 326–329).
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Home Institutions & Structures ODIHR Elections Elections in 2009
ODIHR
Elections in 2009
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What is the human dimension?
Human rights and fundamental freedoms
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Presidential Election, 27 December 2009 and 10 January 2010, Croatia
Following an official invitation, and in line with the recommendations of a needs assessment mission, ODIHR deployed a limited election observation mission on 8 December for the presidential election on 27 December.
Parliamentary Elections, 27 December 2009, Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan invited ODIHR to observe the 27 December parliamentary elections. Subsequently, ODIHR conducted a needs assessment mission that recommended the deployment of an election assessment mission composed of a core team of analysts but without long- or short-term observers.
Presidential Election, 22 November and 6 December 2009, Romania
Following an invitation to observe the presidential election, and in line with the recommendations of a needs assessment mission, ODIHR deployed a limited election observation mission for the 22 November presidential election in Romania.
Parliamentary Elections, 4 October 2009, Greece
In response to an invitation from the Permanent Mission of Greece to the OSCE, ODIHR deployed an election assessment mission for the parliamentary elections on 4 October.
Parliamentary Elections, 27 September 2009, Portugal
In response to an invitation from the Permanent Mission of Portugal to the OSCE, and based on the recommendation of a needs assessment mission carried out from 24 to 26 June, ODIHR deployed an election assessment mission for the 27 September parliamentary elections.
ODIHR Elections Activities
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meeting at the National Christian Outreach Centre
PCF Leadership Team
PWAMM
Mervyn & Jane Milne
As the founders and senior pastors over the work, much of their drive, vision and determination is seen throughout the numerous activities of the fellowship. Jane oversees the programme of all the Children’s Church groups while Mervyn is principal leader and preacher in most of the meetings at PCF.
Alan & Maureen Prett
Senior Citizens' Pastor
Alan and Maureen joined the team in 2017 – in preference to retirement! Alan is Pastor with oversight of the ministry to Seniors and Maureen has a wide ranging remit from carrots to commerce and anything in between. On days off they enjoy theatre, music, hill walking and a long, carefully judged lunch!’
Phil & Becs Edwards
Phil Edwards has been in the role of acting Youth Pastor of Perth Christian Fellowship since 2009. He and his wife Becs both lead the PCF Youth Group. Phil was officially ordained as Youth Pastor on October 23rd 2016.
Eldership Team
Formerly a farmer, John came to PCF in 1990 and was inducted as an elder in 1999. John teaches one of the Children’s Church groups, and often leads the meetings when Pastor Mervyn is away. He organises the Sunday services at a number of nursing homes and sheltered housing complexes in Perth.
Barry Brannen
Barry moved to Perth in 1989, when working in Financial Services. He & his wife ran the youth work for 15 years, before a reorganisation in 2007. He directs the drama group & is substitute drummer for the praise team. He also preaches and leads services occasionally.
Douglas & Ruth Holden
Douglas and Ruth have been involved in PCF since the early days. (Ruth & Jane are cousins). Dougie is one of the teachers for Children’s Church, and an enthusiastic choir member.
David & Kirsty Kettles
David & Kirsty became elders in November 2015. They have both been working with PWAMM full time for a number of years now. David formerly worked with explosives, doing fireworks shows, and Kirsty was a professional swimmer, winning gold and silver medals, as well as swimming in the Beijing Olympics.
David & Jackie Cargin
David and Jackie have been part of PCF since 1987, they are an integral part of the team.
Peter Edwards
As of November 1st 2016, Pastor Peter Edwards has been missing. Extensive police searches have not, as yet, brought his whereabouts to light. Please keep his family in prayer as they continue to look to the Lord as their source of comfort in this very difficult time.
Originally from New York, Peter is a domiciled Scot. His quiet authority, discerning ways, and heart for God’s people have been much appreciated by the PCF congregation.
National Christian Outreach Centre, Riggs Road, Perth, Scotland, PH1 1PR
Copyright © 2019 Perth Christian Fellowship.
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Home » Master & Apprentice (Star Wars) (Hardcover)
Master & Apprentice (Star Wars) (Hardcover)
By Claudia Gray
(SCIFI)
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • An unexpected offer threatens the bond between Qui-Gon Jinn and Obi-Wan Kenobi as the two Jedi navigate a dangerous new planet and an uncertain future in the first canon Star Wars novel to take place before the events of Star Wars: The Phantom Menace.
A Jedi must be a fearless warrior, a guardian of justice, and a scholar in the ways of the Force. But perhaps a Jedi’s most essential duty is to pass on what they have learned. Master Yoda trained Dooku; Dooku trained Qui-Gon Jinn; and now Qui-Gon has a Padawan of his own. But while Qui-Gon has faced all manner of threats and danger as a Jedi, nothing has ever scared him like the thought of failing his apprentice.
Obi-Wan Kenobi has deep respect for his Master, but struggles to understand him. Why must Qui-Gon so often disregard the laws that bind the Jedi? Why is Qui-Gon drawn to ancient Jedi prophecies instead of more practical concerns? And why wasn’t Obi-Wan told that Qui-Gon is considering an invitation to join the Jedi Council—knowing it would mean the end of their partnership? The simple answer scares him: Obi-Wan has failed his Master.
When Jedi Rael Averross, another former student of Dooku, requests their assistance with a political dispute, Jinn and Kenobi travel to the royal court of Pijal for what may be their final mission together. What should be a simple assignment quickly becomes clouded by deceit, and by visions of violent disaster that take hold in Qui-Gon’s mind. As Qui-Gon’s faith in prophecy grows, Obi-Wan’s faith in him is tested—just as a threat surfaces that will demand that Master and apprentice come together as never before, or be divided forever.
Claudia Gray is the author of Star Wars: Bloodline; Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan; and Star Wars: Lost Stars. Her other books include Defy the Stars and the Evernight, Spellcaster, and Firebrand series. She has worked as a lawyer, a journalist, a disc jockey, and a particularly ineffective waitress. Her lifelong interests include old houses, classic movies, vintage style, and history. She lives in New Orleans.
“Gray's other Star Wars novels—Lost Stars, Bloodline and Leia: Princess of Alderaan—are among the best you can read, but Master & Apprentice stands out as her strongest.”—CNET
“Thankfully, the novel absolutely delivers on the goods and the wait has been worth it.”—Cinelinx
“Master & Apprentice proves—again—that Claudia Gray ‘gets’ Star Wars.”—Dork Side of the Force
“Gray has not only written her finest novel to date in my opinion, but certainly one of the finest canon novels as well, maybe the finest.”—TheForce.Net
Publisher: Del Rey
Series: Star Wars
Fiction / Science Fiction / Action & Adventure
Fiction / Media Tie-In
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P&Z urges denial of Glenwood Ridge project
Local | June 9, 2014
John Stroud
jstroud@postindependent.com
GLENWOOD SPRINGS — The Glenwood planning and zoning commission followed city staff’s lead Tuesday night in recommending denial of the proposed 506-acre annexation and 413-home Glenwood Ridge development proposal.
The proposal to annex and develop part of the former Bershenyi and Martino ranches, located about 1.5 miles south of the current city limits on either side of Four Mile Road, is now scheduled to go before the Glenwood Springs City Council for a public hearing starting July 17.
The decision came following a series of meetings before P&Z that began earlier this spring to hear the plan by landowner Elk Meadows Properties to annex the land and build a mix of 225 single-family and 188 multi-family dwelling units over the next 20 years.
The proposed development would cover about 13 percent of the larger 506-acre site, and would include a 16.7-acre ball field complex to be operated and maintained by the city.
An additional 1,140 acres of the upper ranch property that is not part of the annexation is proposed to be dedicated to the city or Colorado Parks and Wildlife for open space or a primitive mountain recreation park.
According to Gretchen Ricehill, senior planner for the city, P&Z voted to recommend denial of both the annexation petition and the proposed development plan, as well as a city comprehensive plan amendment that would be required for the annexation and development to proceed.
P&Z Commissioner Michael Blair dissented in the vote, saying the applicant should be given time to amend the proposal to address city staff and P&Z concerns.
The decision follows a Glenwood Springs city staff recommendation for denial of the project, which cited the increased costs to the city to provide services such as extra police and fire protection, as well as to upgrade the city street system in the south part of town to meet the traffic demands of the new neighborhood.
Staff also expressed concerns about the developer’s request to be exempt from the city’s affordable housing regulations through build-out of the project, and about the lack of a transit system and trails to connect the remote neighborhood with the main part of town.
The developer, represented by Gary Menzel and by local land-use attorney Larry Green, countered that the city had underestimated the amount of revenues the new development project would bring into the town to offset costs.
Also, by building modest-sized homes on smaller lots, Glenwood Ridge would provide more affordable houses without a need for deed-restricted housing, the developers have argued.
Property values up, especially in west Garfield
Home values in western Garfield County are way up, according to tax assessors. That will contribute to a higher tax bill next year.
Personal Finance column: Motivation can change on a dime
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University of Maryland Incident Prompts Unusual Crisis Response
The University of Maryland (UMD) called a press conference for 2pm August 14. It was delayed several minutes, causing grumbling in the press corps. The delay heightened speculation that little useful news would be announced. Such speculation was 100% wrong; what happened ended up being a notable case of crisis management.
The presser was called to address events surrounding the death of Jordan McNair, 19, a football player who passed out during a summer practice May 29. He died June 13 in a Baltimore hospital. A cause of death has not been confirmed. UMD remained close-lipped about the incident and the story was nearly forgotten. All that changed August 10.
Late that Friday afternoon, Heather Dinich, Adam Rittenberg and Tom VanHaaren posted an in-depth article about the school's football program on espn.com. In the article, current and former UMD players allege a “toxic football culture.” The article describes "a coaching environment based on fear and intimidation," with examples of "extreme verbal abuse," humiliation, embarrassment and belittling. An alleged incident of a player being belittled after passing out during a drill seems particularly damaging in light of McNair's death.
Durkin and Court Hit
The brunt of allegations about UMD's toxic football culture are mounted against head coach D.J. Durkin, who came to UMD late in 2015, and strength coach Rick Court, an early Durkin hire.
ESPN requested interviews with Durkin and Court August 10 before posting the article. UMD refused, but it issued an opaque statement: "The University of Maryland has placed members of our athletics staff on administrative leave pending the outcome of the external review."
Later it was learned Court was dismissed and Durkin put on leave.
Earlier on August 10, before the above personnel statement was issued, UMD spoke again, using standard corporate-speak and not mentioning McNair's tragic death. "The alleged behaviors raised in the ESPN story are troubling and not consistent with our approach to the coaching and development of our student athletes," the statement read. "Such allegations do not reflect the culture of our program. We are committed to swiftly examining and addressing any such reports when they are brought to our attention."
Lesson for Those who Think the Press no Longer Matters
Still think the media is becoming irrelevant? Several recent crises have come to light almost solely through the work of the press. The first is the abuse scandal surrounding USA Gymnastics and the U.S. Olympic Committee, as a report in the Indianapolis Star helped start the downfall of Dr. Larry Nasser. The second is the scandal at CBS, where allegations of sexual harassment in a New Yorker story against longtime chair/CEO Les Moonves are still being investigated. While the unfortunate death of Jordan McNair created a story, the espn.com article positioned it for national coverage.
Back to the news conference, where most media were stunned to hear UMD president Wallace Loh quickly admit that the school was morally and legally responsible for mistakes leading to McNair's death. "The university accepts legal and moral responsibility for the mistakes that our training staff made on that fateful workout day," Loh said.
Discussing preliminary results from an internal investigation, athletic director Damon Evans told the press conference trainers failed to follow an emergency response plan, take McNair's temperature and apply cold-water immersion treatments after the player showed signs of exhaustion.
Crisis 101 says brands in PR crises should announce plans to insure such incidents do not recur. Accordingly Evans said changes have already been made in all sports at UMD. Loh added," I made this commitment to the parents [of McNair] this morning that no Maryland student athlete will ever be in a situation where his or her life and safety and life will be at risk."
A Different Crisis
While crisis relations pros almost always urge brands and organizations to own their mistakes and apologize, this rarely happens. Why did it this time?
"Sometimes...the facts and culpabilities of the case are irrefutable and there is nothing lost by doing the right thing: issuing fast apologies, firing or investigating staff involved and taking preventative actions. This appears to be what happened at UMD," says Scott Sobel, SVP for crisis and litigation communications at kglobal.
Andy Gilman, president/CEO, CommCore Consulting Group, agrees. UMD "did the right thing...since the facts were clear and not in dispute." He adds, "In other crises, rapid response can be inhibited because you are still in fact-finding mode."
Regarding the clarity of Loh's admission of guilt, Gilman says, "Often crisis statements are couched because the legal team is still determining risk." That was not the case here, he says.
Seth Arenstein is editor of PR News. Follow him: @skarenstein
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Marvell Automotive Gigabit Ethernet Technology Receives Compliance Approval from Premier Japanese Automotive Industry Body
88Q2112 1000BASE-T1 automotive Ethernet PHY surpasses stringent operational performance benchmarks set by JASPAR
Jul 24, 2018, 08:30 ET
SANTA CLARA, Calif., July 24, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Marvell Technology Group Ltd. (NASDAQ:MRVL) today confirmed that its 88Q2112 solution, the first IEEE® 802.3bp 1000BASE-T1 compliant automotive PHY to deliver 1 Gigabit/s data rates, has completed the conformance tests outlined by Japan Automotive Software Platform and Architecture (JASPAR) and passed 100%.
Marvell surpasses stringent performance benchmarks set by JASPAR
Japan Automotive Software Platform and Architecture
JASPAR was established in 2004 to facilitate the adoption of new automotive related technologies throughout Japan. The organization helps improve development efficiency and ensures reliability through standardization and sharing of sophisticated electronic automotive software and networks. It does this by providing common specification guidelines that can be referenced by the country's automobile OEMs and their tier 1 partners. Among its membership are globally recognized auto manufacturers such as Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mazda, Suzuki, DENSO and Bosch.
JASPAR's Next Generation High-Speed Networking Group had previously evaluated both the IEEE 802.3 based 100BASE-T1 and 100BASE-TX connectivity solutions that are offered by Marvell, and the group's evaluation has now been extended to cover the company's latest 1000BASE-T1 automotive technology. The 88Q2112 based development boards utilized for the evaluation were designed and assembled by engineers from DENSO and tested by multiple tier 1 and tier 2 auto manufacturers coordinating with the JASPAR organization.
A comprehensive series of tests were conducted including, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emissions and immunity tests, bulk current injection (BCI) testing for RF immunity and extreme temperature testing with gigabit compatible harnesses. In addition, electrostatic discharge (ESD), transient noise, ground differential stress, clock skew, signal line short-to-power and short-to-ground testing were also performed. The Marvell 88Q2112 solution passed all tests by a considerable margin.
"88Q2112 is the first automotive Gigabit Ethernet solution in the market and we are excited to have successfully exceeded JASPAR's conformance testing. This represents a major milestone for our automotive connectivity technology," said Tim Lau, senior director of Automotive Product Marketing at Marvell. "We look forward to a continued partnership with JASPAR to ensure closer collaboration in testing market changing solutions from Marvell."
"Clearly, future in-vehicle network infrastructure will need to rely on high speed Ethernet technology, as car manufacturers expect greater functionality and more advanced safety-critical features to be incorporated," said Hideki Goto, chairman of JASPAR's Next Generation High-Speed Network Working Group and group manager at Toyota. "Marvell is making a real contribution towards this ongoing progression, thereby helping to accelerate the migration away from older and slower networking protocols."
"The core objective of JASPAR is to create an environment in which those serving the Japanese automotive sector can work together to further drive automotive innovation. Numerous JASPAR members have been involved in this test project and we are very pleased with the results that have been achieved," said Takashi Matsumoto, a member of Next Generation High-Speed Network Working Group at Nissan. "With the testing now complete, JASPAR plans to release a new standard that specifies circuit configuration and information on signal line impedance, AC coupling and termination resistance, CMC, ESD and crystals, later this year. This will be used as a reference for implementing 1000BASE-T1 technology to the Japanese OEMs and tier 1s."
For further information on the Marvell 88Q2112 PHY, please visit:
https://www.marvell.com/automotive/ethernet/88q2112/
About Marvell
Marvell first revolutionized the digital storage industry by moving information at speeds never thought possible. Today, that same breakthrough innovation remains at the heart of the company's storage, processing, networking, security and connectivity solutions. With leading intellectual property and deep system-level knowledge, Marvell's semiconductor solutions continue to transform the enterprise, cloud, automotive, industrial and consumer markets. To learn more, visit: https://www.marvell.com
About JASPAR
Focused on the Japanese automotive market, JASPAR was established in order to pursue increasing development efficiency and ensuring reliability, by standardization and common use of electronic control system software and in-vehicle networks as they become more advanced and complex. Engineer staff from various car manufacturers, research institutes, academic establishments, software developers, electrical equipment suppliers and semiconductor vendors all participate in its activities. To learn more visit: www.jaspar.jp/en/about_us
Marvell, the M logo and Alaska are registered trademarks of Marvell and/or its affiliates.
Marvell Media Relations
Hanna Kang
Senior Manager, Public Relations
hhkang@marvell.com
Kristin Hehir
kristinh@marvell.com
SOURCE Marvell Technology Group Ltd.
http://www.marvell.com
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Public now owns 14% of Petron
After the sale of shares owned by the employee's pension fund, Petron now meets the minimum public float required of listed firms
MANILA, Philippines - After Petron Corp's empoloyee retirement unit sold its shares in the country's biggest oil refiner and retailer, public investors now own 14.68% of Petron from previous 7.5%.
In a statement to the Philippine Stock Exchange on Wednesday, February 8, Petron's general counsel Angelo Cruz said the Petron Corporation Employees’ Retirement Plan’s (PCERP) has sold 695.3 million common shares.
"We wish to advise the Exchange that our public ownership level is now at 14.68%," the statement said.
This allows Petron to meet the 10% minimum required public float and be spared from sanctions that include suspension and delisting.
On January 18, 2012, Petron disclosed that the pension fund's board of trustees approved the sale of the common shares at P11, then a deep discount vis-a-vis the oil firm's P13.30 share price.
Petron is controlled by diversifying conglomerate San Miguel Corp. after it acquired direct and indirect stakes starting in December 2008. Previously, public investors owned about 20% of Petron while the Philippine government and Saudi Aramco owned 40% each. - Rappler.com
Filed under:listed firms•petron
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Features of high power led lamp bead
Low power consumption: LEDs with a luminous efficacy of 75 lm/w are reduced by 80% compared with incandescent lamps of the same brightness;
2, long life: product life of up to 50,000 hours, 24 hours continuous lighting available for 7 years
3, nanosecond response speed, easy to control the dynamics of brightness and color: color dynamics and digital control
4, the design space is large: can achieve the organic integration with the building, to achieve the effect of only seeing the light.
5, environmental protection: no harmful metal mercury, no infrared and ultraviolet radiation.
6, color: different wavelengths produce different colored light, bright saturation, no filter, can be used to control the red, green and blue three primary colors to form a variety of different colors, can achieve full color gradient and other color-changing effects.
7.High efficiency and energy saving Under the same brightness condition, the LED energy-saving lamp consumes only 1 kWh (1W) for one thousand hours, the ordinary incandescent lamp consumes 1 kWh for 17 hours, and the ordinary energy-saving lamp consumes 1 kWh for one hour;
8.Long life The service life can reach more than 50,000 hours, the service life of ordinary energy-saving lamps is 6,000 hours, and the service life of ordinary incandescent lamps is one thousand hours;
9.Light health The light does not contain ultraviolet and infrared rays, no radiation, and ordinary energy-saving lamps and incandescent light lines contain ultraviolet and infrared rays;
10.Green environmental protection does not contain harmful elements such as mercury and lead, which is beneficial for recycling and utilization, and does not cause electromagnetic interference. Common lamps contain harmful elements such as mercury and lead, and electronic ballasts in energy-saving lamps generate electromagnetic interference. ;
11.Protection of vision DC drive, no stroboscopic, ordinary lights are AC drive, it will inevitably produce strobe;High light efficiency, low heat generation, 90% of electrical energy is converted into visible light, 80% of ordinary incandescent light is converted into heat, and only 20% of electrical energy is converted into visible light;
High safety factor The required voltage and current are small, the heat is less, there is no safety hazard, and it can be used in dangerous places such as mines.
For more details, contact at email: info@razorlux.com
What is an LED Driver?
How to Choose Shoe Box Lighting for Your Parking Area?
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Contract bargaining goes forward
By Shomial Ahmad
Talks with CUNY ahead
PSC is back at the bargaining table with CUNY management. After two months of union pressure, CUNY management came to the table to begin negotiations. Sessions were held on March 14 and 16, another is scheduled for May 15, and the parties met in several bargaining subcommittees during April.
Joanne Schultz, an adjunct assistant professor of performing and creative arts at the College of Staten Island, attended a PSC contract rally on May 1.
“We are making progress,” said PSC president and chief negotiator Barbara Bowen. “At the first session the union argued forcefully for our full bargaining agenda, stressing the need for a timely contract and higher salaries, including equity increases to lower-paid full-time employees and an increase in adjunct pay to $7,000 per course.” Since those sessions, she continued, “The two sides have focused in detailed discussions in subcommittees on issues such as faculty rights in online teaching and new protections sought by the union in response to the anticipated decision in the Supreme Court Janus case.”
NO CUNY OFFER YET
At the sessions in mid-March, labor and management teams agreed upon ground rules, which include the union’s right to invite rank-and-file members to observe bargaining sessions. As of press time, CUNY management had not presented their list of demands. The PSC, though, has presented a comprehensive bargaining agenda, which was approved by the union’s Delegate Assembly in October.
In addition to demands for across-the-board raises of 5 percent per year, equity increases for lower-paid titles and $7,000 per three-credit course for adjunct instructors, the PSC is seeking provisions that strengthen job security, protect the union’s relationship with its membership, add new contractual protections for those engaged in online education and consolidate structural changes for HEOs and others achieved in the last contract.
The bargaining agenda was developed through rank-and-file working groups and in response to results from a membership survey completed by nearly 9,000 PSC members and other input from union members. Under New York state law the current contract, the 2010–2017 agreement, will remain in effect until a new agreement is reached. CUNY salaries are funded through the state and city budgets, and the union continues to press elected leaders to increase funding for CUNY so that it can meet the needs and aspirations of its students.
While no city unions have recently settled new contracts, collective bargaining is happening at the state level. The United University Professions is currently in contract talks with SUNY. In the fall of 2016, the second-largest state union, the Public Employees Federation, settled a three-year contract with annual raises of 2 percent.
MEMBER POWER
The PSC began negotiations by citing its growing strength. Since the signing of the last contract, union membership has grown – the union has a 94 percent membership rate among full-time faculty and staff. It’s this membership power – demonstrated by sustained member support, thousands of emails and messages to CUNY management, scores of members testifying and rallying, two mass civil disobediences, labor and community coalitions and 92 percent of voting members supporting strike authorization – that made the raises and the benefits achieved in the last contract possible, union officials said.
“It is important for the bargaining team to call upon the membership to engage in action in order to put pressure on CUNY,” said Lorraine Cohen, a bargaining team member and PSC vice president for community colleges. “[We need] to demonstrate our power and our desire for a fair and timely settlement.”
On May 1, PSC members at the College of Staten Island demonstrated on campus, insisting that CUNY answer the union’s demands – especially for $7K – but also joining student activists in calling for more state investment in CUNY and making CUNY tuition-free.
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Top member of Trump's Cabinet resigns over Epstein case
6:32 am on 13 July 2019
US Labour Secretary Alex Acosta is resigning amid criticism of his brokering of a plea deal for financier Jeffrey Epstein in a child sex case.
Alex Acosta tells media of his resignation at the White House in Washington as President Donald Trump looks on. Photo: AFP
Mr Acosta, a former Florida prosecutor, made the announcement from the White House lawn today with President Donald Trump stood by his side.
Democrats had called for him to quit over his handling of the Epstein case.
Mr Acosta defended the secretly negotiated plea deal in a news conference only two days ago.
Mr Acosta was the US Attorney in Miami in 2008 when he oversaw a non-prosecution deal against Epstein which allowed Epstein to serve 13 months in jail - with much of that time spent on work release at his Palm Beach office. Epstein's conduct has come into sharper focus since he was arrested and charged on Monday with sex trafficking underage girls.
Mr Trump told reporters that he and Mr Acosta spoke on the phone earlier and that it was Mr Acosta's decision to step down.
"This was him, not me," Mr Trump said, adding that Mr Acosta was "a tremendous talent" who "went to Harvard" University. Earlier this week, Mr Trump told reporters that he felt badly for his labour secretary, but added that he did not know him personally before hiring him.
Mr Acosta told reporters: "I do not think it is right and fair... to have Epstein as the focus rather than the incredible economy that we have today".
But he added: "It would be selfish for me to stay in this position and continue talking about a case that's 12 years old."
Patrick Pizzella, the current labour deputy secretary, will become acting secretary when Mr Acosta officially steps down in one week, Mr Trump said.
Financier has famous friends
Jeffrey Epstein Photo: AFP / Palm Beach County Sheriff's Department / Handout
The 66-year-old wealthy financier was charged with running a sex ring of underage girls after being arrested in New Jersey on Monday. He has long been surrounded by the rich and powerful, including President Trump, former president Bill Clinton and Prince Andrew.
In a 2002 magazine profile, he said: "I invest in people, be it politics or science. It's what I do."
On Friday, Mr Trump reiterated "I'm not a fan of Jeffrey Epstein" after earlier saying they had a falling out "12 or 15 years ago". "I threw him out of a club. I didn't want anything to do with him," Mr Trump said about this former friend, as Mr Acosta stood at his side.
"It shows you one thing. I have good taste," he added.
How did Acosta defend the deal?
"I wanted to help them," Mr Acosta said of the 36 victims identified in the case against Epstein, during the hour-long press conference at the labour department on Wednesday.
"That is why we intervened," he said. "And that's what the prosecutors of my office did - they insisted that he go to jail and put the world on notice that he was and is a sexual predator."
Mr Acosta did not apologise for his handling of the case, saying only that the deal - which closed the FBI investigation into whether there were more victims or perpetrators - was a guarantee of jail time. He said that seeking a life sentence in a jury trial would have amounted to a "roll of the dice".
"We now have 12 years of knowledge and hindsight and we live in a very different world. Today's world treats victims very, very differently," he said.
Epstein's punishment 'deal of a lifetime'
The details of the agreement overseen by Mr Acosta were first revealed in a Miami Herald investigation earlier this year, with the newspaper saying that Epstein had been given "the deal of a lifetime".
It allowed Epstein to avoid federal charges, and instead serve 13 months in jail after pleading guilty to state charges including solicitation of prostitution (including one charge involving a minor under the age of 18).
Mr Acosta had been under pressure from Democrats to quit. A federal judge ruled that the deal violated the Crime Victims' Rights Act because Mr Acosta did not notify Epstein's victims of the arrangement.
The deal is also being scrutinised by the Department of Justice.
- BBC
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Grizzlies Score Four Unanswered, Beat Lumberjacks
November 24, 2018 mwinthrop 1 Comment
ROCHESTER, Minn. – For the second time in a week, the Rochester Grizzlies completed a comeback against the Granite City Lumberjacks. This time, the Grizzlies did after trailing 3-0 after one and ultimately coming out on top 4-3 on home ice.
The Grizzlies (14-5-0-0) were trailing 2-0 more than halfway through the first period in last Saturday’s game against the Lumberjacks.
Ryan Pogue opened the scoring for Granite City at the 7:38 mark of the first period, beating goalie Nick Bucklin on the five-hole. Vladislav Sorokin took an undisciplined cross checking penalty, on which Granite City would capitalize. Grant Troumbly scored his 16th of the season on the power play with 3:30 remaining in the first. Pogue would score his second of the game at the 17:17 mark of the first.
“I actually thought our first period was really good. One pretty selfish penalty there, they scored on it, always do on those. I honestly thought we played really well in the first period. They capitalized on a couple chances,” said Head Coach Casey Mignone.
Seth Bacon would cut the lead to 3-1 with an unassisted goal just 3:09 into the second.
“I saw no one was guarding me up top because they were all trapped down low, so I found a hole and somehow the puck found me,” said Bacon.
Sorokin would make it a 3-2 game at 8:48 of the second, as he followed up a shot and stuffed it home. Joey Fodstad and Peyton Hart had the assists. Newcomer Nic Leisen, playing in his first game with the Grizzlies, would tie it on the power play for the Grizzlies. Jack Flattum was in the box serving a boarding major. Leisen redirected Bacon’s shot from the point.
“Coach told me from the start to stay in front because the guys up on top at the point are going to rip it. He just said stay in front and that’s definitely what I like to do. I’m a big guy so I just park myself in front and tip pucks and see if I can get those second efforts,” said Leisen.
Sorokin scored a fantastic goal on a toe drag around a defender at the 1:31 mark of the third to give the Grizzlies a 4-3 lead. They never looked back.
Rochester would face an onslaught of Granite City shots towards the end of the period, but Bucklin and the defense stood strong. Bacon blocked a shot with about five seconds left in the period to help seal the victory for the Grizzlies.
Rochester is on the road next week against North Iowa Friday and Saturday. North Iowa is sitting tied atop the West Division with 30 points, same as Granite City. Rochester is now just two points back at 28.
The Grizzlies are back home Dec. 7 for Mayo Clinic Night and Teddy Bear Toss night.
Previous PostPenalties Cost Grizzlies in Loss to AlexandriaNext PostGrizzlies Split Weekend Series With Bulls
One thought on “Grizzlies Score Four Unanswered, Beat Lumberjacks”
Steve Volpicelli says:
Nice post game article, well wrtten
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Consultation response
Parliamentary briefing
Academic medicine and research
RCP response to House of Lords Science and Technology Committee inquiry on future of UK life sciences
The NHS must ensure that patient care remains at the heart of the Brexit negotiations to ensure that UK patients can continue to access the latest treatments.
Consultation response: Long-term sustainability of the NHS
The RCP has responded to the House of Lords select committee inquiry on the long-term sustainability of the NHS.
Consultation response: Review of data security, consent and opt-outs
This consultation seeks views on the proposed data security standards and the consent/opt-outs model as set out in the review by the national data guardian.
Parliamentary briefing: Westminster Hall debate on the use of digital records in the NHS
This briefing, produced before the Westminster Hall debate on 28 April 2016, explains why the RCP believes that digital patient records will benefit the NHS.
Parliamentary briefing: Access to Medical Treatments (Innovation) Bill
The RCP prepared this briefing prior to the second reading in the House of Commons of the Access to Medical Treatments (Innovation) Bill.
Consultation response: the big data dilemma
The RCP's consultation response to the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee 2015 inquiry looking at the opportunities and risks of 'big data'.
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Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria Announces Major Partnership With Regis Aged Care
Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria and Regis Aged Care have formed a major partnership to promote the importance of nature for the wellbeing of senior Australians. The partnership will include nature focused activities for Regis residents both on-site at Regis facilities and at Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria’s two gardens in Melbourne and Cranbourne. In addition the partnership will develop a new Seniors Engagement Program open to all older Australians. Designed specifically for the older community, this program will provide unique experiences encompassing health, wellbeing and nature tailored to meet the needs of an older demographic.
The partnership was developed with consideration for Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria’s and Regis Aged Care’s desire to enhance health and wellbeing of seniors through immersion in nature.
“Regis’ significant investment has allowed Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria to develop unique and much needed experiences for the aged community of Melbourne,” says Tim Entwisle, Director & Chief Executive Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. “This segment represents a significant proportion of visitors to the Gardens and we are so thrilled to be able to develop programmes which offer rich, outdoor experiences at any age.”
As part of Regis’ 12 month investment, its residents will partake in the programs first and receive creative and engaging incursion and excursion experiences that connect the power of nature to health and wellbeing.
The Incursion Experiences will be designed by Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria’s Programming and Learning experts with the abilities of aged care residents in mind. They will initially be delivered at 16 of Regis’ 18 facilities across Melbourne.
The Excursion Experiences will be designed for home care, retirement village clients and aged care residents and will be delivered on site across Cranbourne and Melbourne Gardens. Adjustable to all levels of mobility, this program will encompass health, wellbeing, sensory workshops, indigenous activity and garden experiences.
The publicly accessible Seniors Engagement Program will mainly target older Australian clubs, so they can easily engage with Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. It will be measured for community and societal benefit before being rolled out for the enjoyment of the general public from April 2019.
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Explore North Louisiana
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Real Estate > Ouachita Parish School District
Ouachita Parish School District Serving Ouachita Parish, LA - Real Estate, Homes For Sale, School & Area Information
Find real estate listings for Ouachita Parish School District. Learn about the Ouachita Parish School District, including current homes for sale, school information, and area reviews, from a local RE/MAX real estate agent. RE/MAX Louisiana real estate agents can help you find homes for sale, condos, commercial property, and more.
Ouachita Parish School District Community Snapshot
Sterlington Elementary School serves Pre-K through 5th grade
RE/MAX Premier Realty
Drew Elementary School
Calhoun Middle School places public emphasis on keeping the community clean with this sign
Highland Elementary School is located in West Monroe and hosts close to 300 students
Drew Elementary School - student pickup area
West Monroe High School is fully accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
Richwood High School is part of the Ouachita Parish School Board
Sterlington High School - home of the Sterlington Panthers Football Team
West Monroe High School's Rebel Stadium
The West Monroe High School Rebel Stadium
Ouachita Parish School District Area Insight
Ouachita Parish School District
West Monroe High School
West Monroe High School, a local football giant, is more than just the glitz that can be found in those football Friday night lights. This diverse student body strives for academic excellence in a variety of subjects. WMHS is home to STEM, a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math program designed to allow students a chance to go beyond the traditional classroom setting by letting them create, develop, and research just about anything the mind can imagine. Pupils can be found participating in ROTC, studying leveled arts, a choice of three different languages, music, theatre, and banking. There's a health care facility, expansive weight room, and in house bank. This campus is certainly a jewel in Ouachita Parish. Music is provided by West Monroe band.
Sterlington Elementary School
Inspired by their mission statement of "to provide a safe environment in which all children can learn," the Sterlington Elementary School is an adventure of primary colors and shapes that helps students, guests and faculty interact and navigate with the building. The 76,000-square-foot building was designed for each hallway to designate a specific shape and color -- yellow circles, orange squares and green triangles. Located conveniently off of US 165 Highway, the school has a nine out of ten rating by the Great Schools Rating System and serves students prekindergarten through fifth grade.
Good Hope Middle School has an excellent band program. The staff works hard to boost self-esteem and consistently show increased math scores among band students. Every sixth grader is introduced to an instrument that works for their individual shape and design. By seventh grade, parents are amazed at how much the students have learned.
Ouachita Parish School Board
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Sell Xbox One
Home > Platforms > 2012-2018 > XBox One > War
Xbox One Battle and War Games
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From the makers of the best-selling PC phenomenon, PLAYERUNKNOWN'S BATTLEGROUNDS drops players into a competitive survival battle where you'll engage in a heart-racing fight to be the last player left alive. Loot supplies, find weapons and gear-up to take on the competition. More...
We Happy Few is the tale of a plucky bunch of moderately terrible people trying to escape from a lifetime of cheerful denial in the city of Wellington Wells. In this alternative 1960s England, conformity is key. You'll have to fight or blend in with the drug-addled inhabitants. More...
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Watch | Women's Soccer Videos
Watch | This is Santa Clara Women's Soccer
Camps / ID Clinics
Women's Soccer Hosts Eighth Annual SCU adidas Classic
Complete Release in PDF Format
Download Free Acrobat Reader
College Sports Television, the first 24-hour college sports television network, will televise all four games of the 2003 Santa Clara adidas Classic, presented by Marriott, this weekend at Buck Shaw Stadium. The Classic opens with 11th-ranked Stanford (3-2) vs. second-ranked Notre Dame (6-0) at 5 p.m. (Pacific Time) on Friday, while 12th-ranked Santa Clara (2-1-3) hosts Georgia (0-0-0) in the nightcap at 7:30 p.m. On Sunday, Georgia plays the Cardinal in the first game at 11 a.m., while Santa Clara hosts the Fighting Irish at 1:30 p.m.
More on CSTV
CSTV recently announced plans broadcast between 10-15 matches during the season each Monday as part of its Soccer Game of the Week. The package will feature many of the top men's and women's teams. In addition to Games of the Week for soccer, volleyball, football and hockey, College Sports Television will air additional games throughout the week, as well as selected special presentations of field hockey, men's water polo and cross-country.
The network will televise live regular season and championship events across a broad spectrum of men's and women's college sports, including football, basketball, baseball, soccer, ice hockey and lacrosse. Dedicated to offering the widest variety of college athletics, College Sports Television will provide the most in-depth sports coverage of 1,200 universities and colleges involving 360,000 student-athletes across all of the major conferences at every level of college sports.
Live on the Internet
Santa Clara's entire home schedule returns to the Internet, as a live audio broadcast is available for a third season on www.SantaClaraBroncos.com. Additionally, Buck Shaw contests can be followed online with a live statistical tracker, also located on SCU's official athletic website. By logging on, fans can receive real-time updated statistics direct from the official scoring computer, allowing users to listen to the audio broadcast and keep up with the statistics simultaneously. Ram Fletcher and SCU men's soccer alumni Mark Wojciechowski return as the voices of the Broncos.
Zepeda a "Player to Watch" for M.A.C. Hermann Trophy
Veronica Zepeda has been named to the "watch list" of players considered among the top candidates for the 2003 Missouri Athletic Club's Hermann Trophy, awarded to the top players in NCAA Division I soccer. The Riverside, Calif., native is a preseason All-America candidate, and opened the season against third-ranked UCLA with a goal.
The M.A.C.'s Hermann Trophy is college soccer's version of the Heisman Trophy. Past recipients include former Broncos Mandy Clemens and Aly Wagner. Clemens won both the Hermann Trophy and MAC Player of the Year awards in 1999, while Wagner became the honoree to have the distinction of receiving the newly-unified award.
Santa Clara is currently aiming for its 10th overall appearance in the College Cup. The Broncos' 20-match schedule features 12 programs that advanced to last year's NCAA Championship, including four of the top eight seeds. The Broncos will host eight of those matches at Buck Shaw Stadium.
In the Rankings
Santa Clara opened the 2003 season ranked in the top five in all four polls. Soccer America and Soccer Times currently list the Broncos 10th, while Soccer Buzz tabs SCU 12th. The NSCAA/adidas poll dropped the team to 18th. The Broncos have a total of nine ranked teams on the schedule and will bring six of the top 25 to Buck Shaw Stadium.
Overtime Experience
Three of Santa Clara six matches have gone the distance, double overtime. All three were against ranked opponents: third-ranked UCLA, No. 23 California, and seventh-ranked Penn State.
A Look Ahead: Home Contests vs. USC and Cal Poly
The Broncos will remain at home through next weekend, hosting USC and Cal Poly. Santa Clara is undefeated against Cal Poly, with a 10-0-2 advantage in the all-time series. The Broncos have only faced the Women of Troy on three occasions and hold a slim 2-1 edge in the series. USC's victory came last season, a 1-0 win in Los Angeles.
Osborne Climbing Career Charts
Junior Leslie Osborne is steadily climbing both the Santa Clara and West Coast Conference recordbooks. The midfielder from Menomonee Falls, Wis., currently ranks ninth on the SCU career assists list with 30, and is tied for 11th on the league all-time listing with former Portland player Erin Misaki. Add in 25 career goals and Osborne has 80 points in her two-plus seasons, tied for ninth on the Broncos' career points list.
Season/Match Tickets on Sale
Season and individual match tickets for Santa Clara University's nationally-recognized soccer teams are on sale through the Department of Athletics' official website www.SantaClaraBroncos.com, and the athletic ticket office at 408-554-4660, between the hours of 9 a.m. - 4 p.m. Monday through Friday.
In conjunction with its exclusive Internet partner, Official College Sports Network, the athletic department has developed an online ticket application that provides fans with the ability to purchase season tickets, family plans, individual matches or an all-sports pass via the official athletic website. A men's and women's soccer season ticket package that includes the 17 home matches is available for the adult price of $65 each, while a family plan provides a family of five admission to each game for the low price of $100. Youth (12 and under) and senior (over 65-years-old) season tickets are also available for $30. Single games are priced at $7 for adults, $5 for youths and seniors and $2 for non-Ruff Riders SCU students as well as members of Bronco Kidz. Single match team passes are also available for $35.
Four Former Broncos, U.S. Begin World Cup this Weekend
Four former Santa Clara standouts will represent the United States this weekend at the FIFA Women's World Cup 2003. Earlier this month, U.S. Women's National Team head coach April Heinrichs named Kylie Bivens, Brandi Chastain, Danielle Slaton and Aly Wagner as four of the 20 players who will play in their home country on women's soccer's grandest stage.
"Having coached all four players, I know how hard they worked prior to attending Santa Clara, while they were here, and since they've left the University," Bronco head coach Jerry Smith said. "There's no doubt that all four deserve to be on the World Cup roster and I couldn't be any more proud or happier for them. I'm also very honored that the Santa Clara women's soccer program could play a role in the development of the players they've become."
There's a Santa Clara University twist in the smash-hit soccer movie Bend It Like Beckham. Starring Parminder Nagra and Keira Knightly (Star Wars: Episode 1--The Phantom Menace), this critically-acclaimed film tells the story of 18-year old Jess' dream to play soccer professionally like her hero, Manchester United star, David Beckham. Bend It Like Beckham may inspire you to chase your own dreams! Check out www.foxsearchlight.com/bendit for more details and look for Bend it Like Beckham coming to a theatre near you.
June 15, 2004 Amid WUSA Revival Talk, Women Travel New Avenues
May 27, 2004 Soccer Buzz Rates SCU's Recruiting Class 15th
May 21, 2004 Women's Soccer Announces 2004 Schedule
May 21, 2004 Women's Soccer Closes Spring Season
April 26, 2004 Women's Soccer Wins Berkeley Tournament
April 21, 2004 Women's Soccer to Compete at Berkeley Tournament
April 15, 2004 Women's Soccer to Host Auction Casino Night
April 14, 2004 Women's Soccer Cancels Saturday Scrimmage
April 5, 2004 Women's Soccer Scrimmages California Storm
March 27, 2004 Queries & Anecdotes: Kylie Bivens
March 17, 2004 Women's Soccer Announces Spring Schedule
March 3, 2004 Women's Soccer Alumni Update
March 3, 2004 Wagner Leads U.S. To Olympic Qualification
February 11, 2004 Women's Soccer Season Recap
February 11, 2004 Women's Soccer Signs Three to NLIs
February 9, 2004 Women's Soccer Celebrates Season at Annual Banquet
February 4, 2004 Two Broncos Named Soccer Buzz All-Americans
February 3, 2004 Soccer Buzz Honors Broncos on West Region Teams
February 3, 2004 U.S. Women Defeat Canada 2-0 to Win Four Nations Tournament
January 30, 2004 Osborne Earns First Career U.S. Appearance
January 28, 2004 Oborne Enjoying Time with U.S. National Team
January 22, 2004 Chastain Returns to Storm
January 9, 2004 Osborne Adds to All-America Honors
January 7, 2004 U.S. Women's Soccer National Team Roster Includes Current Bronco
December 30, 2003 Osborne Named CSTV All-American Midfielder
December 18, 2003 Ryder Named to U-19 National Team Roster
December 11, 2003 Seven Broncos Named to WCC All-Academic Teams
November 28, 2003 Women's Soccer Ends Season with Loss to North Carolina
November 28, 2003 Post-Match Quotes
November 23, 2003 Women's Soccer Upsets Portland in NCAA Third Round
November 23, 2003 Postgame Quotes
November 20, 2003 Ryder, Zealear Named SB Freshman of the Year Finalists
November 19, 2003 No. 3 Women's Soccer Faces Portland in NCAA Third Round
November 19, 2003 NCAA Women's Soccer vs. Arizona State
November 18, 2003 NCAA Women's Soccer First Round
November 16, 2003 NCAA Second Round Post Match Quotes
November 16, 2003 Women's Soccer Tops ASU in NCAA Second Round
November 14, 2003 NCAA First Round Postmatch Quotes
November 14, 2003 Queries and Anecdotes
November 14, 2003 Dalmy's Return Sparks Women's Soccer to NCAA Win
November 12, 2003 Osborne Named WCC Women's Soccer Player of the Year
November 12, 2003 NCAA Women's Soccer First & Second Rounds on Tap at Buck Shaw
November 10, 2003 Women's Soccer to Face Stanford in NCAA First Round
November 8, 2003 Women's Soccer Wins Third Straight WCC Crown
November 6, 2003 Kakadelas Earns Academic Honors
November 4, 2003 Osborne Leads by Example
November 4, 2003 No. 4 Women's Soccer Aiming for Third Straight WCC Title
November 3, 2003 Women's Soccer Defeats Portland
November 3, 2003 Candau Named WCC Player of the Week
November 2, 2003 Candau Leads Women's Soccer to Victory
October 28, 2003 Broncos Close Home Season with 2002 NCAA Title Rematch
October 26, 2003 Women's Soccer Battles Saint Mary's to a Draw
October 24, 2003 Women's Soccer Earns 10th Win of Season
October 24, 2003 One-on-One with Bree Horvath
October 23, 2003 The Magic Enjoys Bronco Kidz Clinic, Women's Soccer Match
October 22, 2003 Women's Soccer vs. Pepperdine
October 21, 2003 Santa Clara vs. Loyola Marymount
October 21, 2003 Women's Soccer Plays Bay Area Opponents in Continuing League Action
October 20, 2003 Osborne Named WCC Player of the Week
October 19, 2003 Osborne's Hat Trick Lifts Women's Soccer to Victory
October 17, 2003 Women's Soccer Tops LMU 4-1
October 16, 2003 Bronco Freshmen Add Spark to Program
October 16, 2003 Up Close & Personal with Chardonnay Poole
October 14, 2003 No. 14 Women's Soccer Returns Home in Continuing WCC Action
October 12, 2003 Women's Soccer Opens WCC Season with `W'
October 10, 2003 Women's Soccer Ties CS Fullerton 2-2
October 8, 2003 Esquivel Earns Women's Soccer Honors
October 7, 2003 Women's Soccer Closes out Non-Conference Play at CS Fullerton
October 5, 2003 Women's Soccer Tops TCU 1-0
October 3, 2003 Freshmen Lead Women's Soccer to Victory
October 1, 2003 Women's Soccer to Participate in Stanford Classic This Weekend
October 1, 2003 Women's Soccer vs. Cal Poly
September 28, 2003 Women's Soccer Shuts Out Cal Poly 2-0
September 26, 2003 Women's Soccer Falls to USC 3-0
September 24, 2003 No. 11 Women's Soccer Hosts USC, Cal Poly This Week
September 22, 2003 Women's Soccer vs. Notre Dame
September 21, 2003 First Timers Looking to Make an Impact at Women's World Cup
September 21, 2003 Women's Soccer Falls 2-1 to No. 2 Notre Dame
September 20, 2003 Wagner's Ready for her Close Up
September 19, 2003 Women's Soccer Tops Georgia 5-1
September 17, 2003 Women's Soccer Hosts Eighth Annual SCU adidas Classic
September 15, 2003 Slaton & Wagner: Growing Up Together
September 15, 2003 Bivens Ready for Prime Time
September 15, 2003 WUSA Suspends Operations
September 14, 2003 Women's Soccer Nets Third Tie of the Season
September 12, 2003 Women's Soccer Suffers First Loss of Season
September 9, 2003 Women's Soccer to Participate in Virginia Classic
September 7, 2003 Women's Soccer Battles Cal to Double Overtime Tie
September 7, 2003 USNT Downs Mexico 5-0 in Last Match before Women's World Cup
September 6, 2003 Former Broncos Part of US Soccer Youth Movement
September 4, 2003 Zepeda Leads Women's Soccer to Victory
September 4, 2003 Wagner To Join Former Teammates in Boston
September 3, 2003 No. 3 Women's Soccer Hosts Pacific on Thursday
September 3, 2003 SCU Soccer vs. SJSU
September 2, 2003 Five Players Score as U.S. Women Roll Past Costa Rica, 5-0
September 2, 2003 Zepeda Named a M.A.C. Hermann Trophy Finalist
September 2, 2003 Women's Soccer vs. San Jose State
September 1, 2003 Women's Soccer vs. UCLA
August 31, 2003 Relive women's soccer match vs. UCLA
August 31, 2003 Women's Soccer Tops Spartans 9-1
August 29, 2003 Women's Soccer Ties No. 3 UCLA 1-1
August 28, 2003 Soccer Fest 2003
August 27, 2003 Women's Soccer Opens 2003 Season on Friday
August 27, 2003 Women's Soccer Ranked Third by Soccer Times
August 26, 2003 Women's Soccer Ranked Fourth by Soccer America
August 26, 2003 Four Broncos Named to World Cup Roster
August 25, 2003 Women's Soccer Journal from San Diego
August 25, 2003 Women's Soccer Spends Week at Olympic Training Center.
August 21, 2003 Women's Soccer Ranked No. 1 by NSCAA/adidas
August 21, 2003 Women's Soccer Earns Second No. 1 Preseason Mark
August 20, 2003 Five Former Broncos Named to the National Team Training Camp Roster
August 15, 2003 Women's Soccer Squad To Appear at SCU SoccerFest 2003
August 13, 2003 WCC Women's Soccer Recruits Ranked Third by Soccer Buzz
August 12, 2003 Women's Soccer Players Get OK to Feel Like a Pro
August 12, 2003 Nine Former Broncos in WUSA Playoffs
August 11, 2003 Women's Soccer Reports to Campus
August 6, 2003 Soccer Broadcast Schedule Announced
August 5, 2003 Women's Soccer 2003 Season Outlook
August 5, 2003 Wagner Honored by San Jose Sports Hall of Fame
August 1, 2003 Women's Soccer Shares Top Spot in WCC Preseason Poll
July 16, 2003 Former Women's Soccer Player Appointed New Director of Alumni Relations
July 14, 2003 Three Represent SCU at U.S. Women's Soccer National Team Match
July 7, 2003 Slaton's Cycle in Motion
July 2, 2003 Wagner's First Year Has Been Educational
July 1, 2003 Osborne Receives First US National Team Call-Up
June 30, 2003 Chastain Is Reflection of Best Soccer Parents
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Real bullet hits actor during Old West gunfight…
Real bullet hits actor during Old West gunfight reenactment
By Associated Press and Astrid Galvan |
PUBLISHED: October 19, 2015 at 12:00 am | UPDATED: September 13, 2018 at 12:00 am
TOMBSTONE, Ariz. (AP) An actor staging a historical gunfight in the Old West town of Tombstone was shot with a live round during a show that was supposed to use blanks, leading officials to put the popular reenactments on hold.
The shooting happened Sunday as performers from the Tombstone Vigilantes group were portraying a gunfight in the 19th century mining town made famous by Wyatt Earp, Doc Holliday and the O.K. Corral.
A performer”s gun fired live rounds, hitting a fellow member of the acting group, the Tombstone Marshal”s Office said. Ken Curtis fell to the ground and was flown to a Tucson hospital, where he underwent surgery to remove the bullet.
A bystander also was hurt, suffering a small cut to her neck from a ricochet or shrapnel. She did not require any medical treatment.
Mayor Dusty Escapule said someone inspects weapons used in the gunfight skits to ensure the performers use blanks. But he said the actor who fired the live rounds showed up late, and his gun was not examined.
“I was dumbfounded,” Escapule said of learning about the shooting. “I was just appalled the Vigilantes would allow one of the actors to not have their weapons checked.”
Escapule said the town near the U.S.-Mexico border is drawing up an ordinance to provide more regulations for the mock battles. The new rules will mandate inspections to ensure blanks are used and require background checks of every actor involved.
All Tombstone gunfights are on hold as the investigation unfolds, Escapule said.
Tombstone Marshal Bob Randall believes the shooting was an accident and says he”ll forward the case to prosecutors with a recommendation for an aggravated assault charge. He said the Tombstone Vigilantes are normally “very good at what they do, and they check their weapons religiously.”
When asked how or why the gun wasn”t checked for bullets, he said: “That”s the question of the day. Anybody that”s been around firearms knows the first thing you do is check your weapon.”
Curtis was listed in good condition Monday at Banner-University Medical Center in Tucson, hospital spokeswoman Elyse Palm said. She declined to give further details about his injuries. Curtis said he couldn”t discuss the shooting when reached at the hospital.
The Tombstone Marshal”s Office said authorities inspected the weapon and found one live round and five casings that indicated the gun was filled with live rounds prior to the skit. The mayor said the weapon was a .45-caliber pistol.
“Tombstone takes pride in the safety and security of its townspeople and tourists alike, and the citizens of Tombstone can be assured that stringent safety protocol will be enforced prior to allowing any further gunfight skits,” Randall said in a statement.
Tombstone, about three hours southeast of Phoenix, was a bustling mining town in the 1800s. It now has about 1,500 residents, and it mostly caters to visitors who come to see gunfight reenactments and historical sites.
The Tombstone Vigilantes formed in 1946 and are dedicated to preserving and passing along Tombstone”s history to tourists.
The group also performs mock hangings. The shooting occurred during Tombstone”s Helldorado Days celebration, which includes gunfights, a parade, music and line dancing.
The shooting left locals and tourists in shock. Teresa Benjamin, who dresses in late 1800s prairie outfits and promotes a local business near Allen Street, said she was worried about how it would affect tourism.
“This is our livelihood. This is tragedy,” Benjamin said.
But the incident piqued the interest of some tourists. Mitch Treese and his wife stopped in Tombstone on their way to nearby Bisbee largely out of curiosity.
“We wanted to see if it was really true. They got us on the hook.”
The shooting was reminiscent of a 2011 incident in Hill City, South Dakota, where a man fired a loaded gun during a western-themed reenactment and wounded three tourists. The man, a convicted felon, was sentenced to more than seven years in prison after authorities say he tried to cover up the fact that he used lived rounds in the shooting.
Astrid Galvan
The Ahwahnee will be back; Yosemite settles lawsuit over hotel names
Silicon Valley Beer Week 2019: More than 120 tap takeovers, tastings, tours
Generations of Japanese Americans celebrate San Jose’s Obon Festival
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You are here: Home ∼ Action aplenty at U13 Craven Week
Action aplenty at U13 Craven Week
Leopards and Border in action
Published on June 26, 2019 | Leave a response
The Sharks, Pumas, Western Province and Golden Lions showed great intent on day two of the U13 Craven Week in White River on Tuesday.
The Sharks and WP produced the most dazzling efforts, with the KwaZulu-Natal side getting nine tries in a seamless win against EP Elephants, while the Cape side scored some sensational tries in their seven-try victory over Forever Resorts Limpopo Blue Bulls.
The Gauteng side and the hosts also played constructive rugby, which nudged them to their second victories in as many days.
The Itec Griquas and Leopards also remain undefeated with two of their four fixtures completed.
The Leopards overcame Border 20-15 thanks to a strong first-half effort and some good game management. The North West team were 20-5 up at the break, scoring two tries and, more importantly, kicking two penalty goals which proved the difference.
Border came back strongly in the second half, scoring the only two tries of the match, but thanks to the Leopards’ first-half lead, they raised their arms when the final whistle sounded.
Zimbabwe set the tone for the day’s play with a strong 29-5 win over Border Country Districts. They were 12-5 up at the break.
The visitors from up north scored five tries to one in a good reflection of their dominance. Centre Ethan Chaponda, in particular, had a strong performance, getting a hat-trick of tries and generally dictating play.
Thepa Trading Griffons had the better of the first half during their match against Namibia, and their 14-3 lead at the break was well deserved. The Namibians pushed back hard in the second half and a superb try by centre Waldre Kotze, which he also converted, had them back in the match, trailing by four.
A great run by Griffons winger Sandile Manyana, who scored in the first half as well, extended the lead again and when lock Rylen Kirsten crashed over following an angled run, it was all over, with the Northern Free State side prevailing 26-10.
The home team, Phakisa Pumas, continued their strong run in White River. They beat Thepa Trading Griffons 22-0 on Monday and built on this by outplaying the Free State Cheetahs 15-5.
This was a much closer affair, with both teams creating numerous opportunities. The home side did well with a pressing defence and that resulted in the Bloemfontein team making a number of handling errors that prevented them from scoring.
Leading 10-5 at the break, the home side scored a crucial second-half try that gave them the edge. As hard as they tried, the Free Staters could not break their defences again.
One of the tightest matches were played between Griquas and Valke. The team from the Northern Cape prevailed 10-0, thanks to two tries in the first half. Flank Stiaan van Loggerenberg was again a standout for this team, scoring one of the tries that helped them over the line and generally made a nuisance of himself at the breakdowns, often preventing the Gauteng team from getting quick ball.
The SWD Eagles won a fast-paced match against Blue Bulls, scoring three tries to two for a 21-12 win. The first try from SWD could easily rank as the best of the tournament so far. Left wing Rowan Mafutu scored a gem when he outpaced a number of defenders in a 50m-plus run to the line.
The Blue Bulls got one back before the break, but two more tries by SWD after the restart gave them the momentum needed to make it to the line. The final play ended near the SWD line, but the hard work was done and the Southern Cape side could celebrate a well-deserved win.
The Sharks totally outplayed the EP Elephants, winning 55-0 to register the biggest win of the day. The KZN side were meticulous in their finishing and did very few things wrong. They held a 17-0 lead at the break and accumulated points steadily in the second half.
The EP team had their moment, but battled to physically check their opponents, who often made numerous metres with defenders hanging on. Ramatuku Sikhakhane, in particular, was hard to stop and it was no surprise that the wing scored three of the team’s nine tries.
The Golden Lions showed some enterprise in their 36-12 win over Boland. The match was won up front, where the Gauteng team had the upper hand, but they also used their backs to good effect. Adding to this, they were not scared to kick for territory when needed.
This resulted in Boland being strangled, and they could not get going until the final couple of minutes when impressive fullback Viaan Mentoor scored two good tries.
Western Province were 19-0 up against Limpopo Blue Bulls after a blistering start. Their speedy backs scored three tries, one from a counter-attack and two more from well-worked moves to leave the Limpopo side reeling. Credit to the northern team who rallied well but battled to score any points in the opening stanza.
The Capetonians started the second half strong again with two quick tries, while they conceded their first try after almost 50 minutes of play. Two more tries sealed a convincing 41-5 win, giving some in White River the feeling that they are the side to beat at this year’s tournament.
U13 SA Rugby Craven Week day two results:
Zimbabwe 29-5 Border Country Districts
Leopards 20-15 Border
Griffons 26-10 Namibia
Pumas 15-5 Free State Cheetahs
Griquas 10-0 Valke
SWD 21-12 Blue Bulls
Sharks 55-0 EP Elephants
Golden Lions 36-12 Boland
Western Province 41-5 Limpopo Blue Bulls
The U16 SA Rugby Grant Khomo Week resumes on Wednesday with 10 matches being played. This round will feature highly anticipated clashes between DHL Western Province and Free State Cheetahs, and the Sharks and SWD.
The players had a combined 17,090 minutes of action on the field on Monday and scored 80 tries in the 10 matches played.
The matches will be live-streamed here as well as on the SA Rugby Youth Weeks Facebook page.
Posted in Craven Week, News, Schools rugby, Top headlines, Tournaments Tagged Craven Week
Post by SA Rugby magazine
Province power through Bulls
Craven Week Hero of the Day (Day 4)
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SPOTIFY STUDIOS
New York, NY - USA
With over 100 million users worldwide, Spotify is a household name in just about every country in the world. Their NYC offices are home to the world-class Spotify Studios, which has produced hundreds of recordings over the last several years for the Spotify Singles series, with artists ranging from John Legend to Sting, Miley Cyrus to Maggie Rogers, Ed Sheeran to Tony Bennett - the list goes on, with over 1.5 billion streams to date.
In 2018, Spotify Studios’ mic locker was upgraded with a large assortment of mics from sE Electronics, including the entire sE / Rupert Neve Signature Series.
William Garrett at Spotify Studios.
In these videos, Lead Senior Audio Engineer William Garrett sits down with us to discuss his recording philosophies, and how sE microphones are utilized to achieve the studio's musical pursuits.
We're working with really talented people here, who know what they're doing...so to be able to put a great microphone in front of them...it's incredible. These microphones play a huge role to me in making that translation."
- INDIVIDUAL PRODUCT VIDEOS -
http://spotify.com
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New England Federal Credit Union (Essex)
Lake Champlain Chocolates (Church Street)
Development Sorry, Gondola Lovers. South Burlington Wants to Build a Pedestrian Bridge Over I-89
Posted By Molly Walsh on Fri, Jul 5, 2019 at 12:43 PM
Note: We've updated the map accompanying this story to reflect the current proposed location of the pedestrian bridge.
South Burlington is seeking federal funds to build a pedestrian bridge across Interstate 89 near busy exit 14 in order to ease commuting hazards. The plan nudged out a Vermont-y option of installing gondolas to ferry people over the busy highway interchange at Route 2, also known as Williston Road.
The $14 million bridge would be erected over the highway from the backside of University Mall to land near the parking lot at Staples Plaza. Ramps on both ends would bring the span close to the busy commuting corridor along Route 2, which connects Burlington and South Burlington.
The new bridge would be near the existing Route 2 bridge that ferries vehicles over the interstate. People walking or cycling across that span must cross heavy traffic where cars exit and enter the interstate, creating a hazard.
The city council voted to move forward with the grant application last month after a series of public meetings and consideration of various options.
“Gondolas are being used in a lot of places other than just ski areas," explained South Burlington city manager Kevin Dorn, "and it’s a way to span a long distance without having to have all the support structure necessary." Although the idea "had a really cool Vermont feel to it," paying for operators made it impractical, Dorn said.
The city also explored building the pedestrian bridge over the existing one, but that posed traffic and repair complications.
Both sides of the bridge would be on land located in South Burlington.
The city would use $3.4 million in Vermont tax increment financing money to pay its estimated 25 percent share of the cost. The remaining $10.6 million would come from a U.S. Department of Transportation grant.
The city applied for a similar federal grant last year but didn't get it. This time, the project has been fleshed out more carefully and the city has a better shot, Dorn said. The answer should come by November. If it's a yes, it would take several years to design and build the crossing to federal standards.
Correction, July 8, 2019: An earlier version of this map showed a bridge location from an earlier proposal, crossing I-89 further to the south.
Tags: Cycling, South Burlington, Burlington, pedestrian bridge, Web Only, Image
Molly Walsh
molly@sevendaysvt.com
@mokawa
Molly Walsh is a Seven Days staff writer.
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tv FBN AM FOX Business March 19, 2019 5:00am-6:00am EDT
kirstjen nielsen says the border system is at a meltdown. thanks for being with us. good night from new cheryl: here are your market movers at 5:00 a.m. boeing doing damage control, the ceo finally breaking his silence after more than a week since the deadly ethiopian airlines crash, promising software changes. the fed in focus, as it kicks off its two-day meeting today, patience expected to be the name of the game when it comes to interest rate hikes but what will it reveal about shedding that balance sheet? more delivery problems for tesla as the company tries to cut costs and is once again asking employees to volunteer to deliver on its promises. and whether it's a smile or a frown, what you feel will soon determine what you see at the box office. the new way movie studios are trying to get you in front of
the big screen. it is tuesday, march 19th. "fbn: a.m." starts right now. lauren: good morning. here is how your money is moving at 5:00 a.m. the dow looking at five days of potential gains. the s&p 500 and nasdaq adding a fifth of 1% in the premarket as the fed kicks off its march meeting today. in great britain, theresa may has two days to get the green light for her deal if she wants to ask e.u. leaders for more time. and a mixed bag for stocks in asia, the one green arrow in hong kong, up a fifth of 1%. the kospi is down almost 2%. cheryl: they're waiting on that deal wean the u.s. and china. welcome to "fbn: a.m.." good morning, i'm cheryl casone. lauren: great to see you. thank you for joining us.
i'm lauren simonetti. cheryl: we begin with boeing's ceo breaking his silence, a week after a second deadly crash. the ceo defending his company's safety record. the ceo expressing sorrow for the hundreds of victims in two air disasters involving the 737 max jets while also saying boeing is cooperating in the investigations and taking acti action. >> as the facts from the accident become available and we understand the necessary next steps, we're taking action to fully reassure airlines and their passengers of the safety of the 737 max. we regret the ongoing challenges the grounding has caused for our customers and the flying public. lauren: his appearance comes as regulators and lawmakers krut lt nicing -- lawmakers scrutinizing boeing's design. >> they're barking up the wrong
airplane. >> reporter: the justice department and the transportation department inspector general launched criminal probes into the development of the boeing 737 max 8. the journal reporting that the day after the ethiopian crash, a grand jury subpoena was sent to at least one person involved. neither the doj nor dot would confirm nor deny the reports. a spokesman told fox news investigation cans be based on whistleblower reports or congressional referrals. >> heads will roll if they're not confident in their data and the safety of this plane. >> i think it makes sense to ground the aircraft until we have better information. >> reporter: that while ethiopia's transport ministry released preliminary results showing clear similarity to the lion air crash. if found the anti-stalling software, designed to counter act the tendency to pitch up at full power, had been activated, just as in the lion p air crash. the lion airplane also had other problems. >> the angle of attack
indicator, which is a little tube that's on the outside of the airplane, near the fuselage, it measures the angle, apparently was defective. >> reporter: the first officer had only 200 hours in the max 8. >> that is unimaginable in the united states. we're just learning to fly at that level here. >> reporter: add to that the panic inducing pitching of the plane and the warning alarms, the crew may have been too overwhelmed to hit the cutoff switch. canada announced on monday it will do its own certification of boeing's software change to the max 8 rather than rely on the faa. cheryl, lauren. lauren: doug, thank you. shares of boeing loss almost 2% yesterday. they're down a quarter of 1%, 371, 37 each. we'll have more on the crisis facing the plane maker a bit later in the broadcast. cheryl: now to this next story.
there is now new information today regarding those racy text messages between amazon's jeff bezos and his girlfriend. the wall street journal is reporting the national enquirer paid the brother of lauren sanchez $200,000 for those private messages that it published back in january. michael sanchez reportedly provided the intimate communications to the enquirer's publisher. the ceo of the company is david pecker, a long-time ally of president trump. america media has been in the spotlight since it admitted to making a hush payment on behalf of the president. lauren: hollywood hit by another sex scandal. warner brothers chair and ceo stepping down after sexual misconduct allegations. warner media launched an investigation following a report that detailed text messages between him and a british actress. the messages suggested that the
relationship was based on promises she would appear in movies. cheryl: the securities and exchange commission rejecting rn musk's claim that they are trying to silence him. they say he should be held in contempt for vi violating an or. there were tweets from musk last year about being able to take the company public when the funding was not actually secured. as tesla is trying to cut costs, an internal e-mail reportedly shows that the company is asking employees to volunteer to help deliver more cars by the end of the first quarter, 15 days from now. lauren: i remember seeing the video of the cars in the lot. they couldn't get them where they needed to g maybe the employees could help. u.s. chip makers don't want to be part of any trade deal with china, according to the wall street journal. they report because executives
fear greater purchases from china will increase the industry's dependence on beijing. u.s. companies may need to open up more factories in china to hit their quotas. that could mean china gets sway over their companies. washington has pressed beijing to buy more than a trillion dollars in u.s. goods and service as part of any trade deal. cheryl: thanks, but no thanks from the industry. interesting story. the federal reserve's two-day policy meeting is kicking off today. the central bank is expected to signal no rate hikes in the coming months. it is also expected to specify as they give us a date when they plan to end their massive operation to reduce their balance sheet. jerome powell will hold the news conference a after the meeting, that's going to be tomorrow afternoon. lauren: the march meeting caused march madness for the markets. brexit is certainly causing madness. it's getting more complicated, if that was possible. as the speaker of parliament says he will not hold a third vote on prime minister theresa may's deal until she drastically
changes it. the speaker citing a 400-year-old rule that says the government cannot resubmit the same proposition that's already been rejected. lawmakers voted to delay brexit by at least three months which ththeeuropean union will have to agree to. cheryl: students nationwide may soon be able to breathe a sigh of relief as the trump administration is asking for a complete overhaul of education funding. lauren: fox business reporter edward lawrence has more on that. >> reporter: the white house hoping to tweak a little bit the education or help students out with their student loans. the white house saying that this plan will specifically target helping students pay back those loans, get debt-free. here's a couple bullet points from the plan. one big one is they want to take
the five programs they have now to help with students and bring that down to one payment program so students can pay student debt that would be no more than 12-point a 5% of a student -- 12.5% of a student's income. it would extend loan forgiveness after 180 months of repayment. at the moment the program is only eligible for students who work with the government or nonprofit. it excludes graduate education. a white house official says they would like to have the changes done in higher education this year, that means through the house a and the senate. the house may be a tougher challenge. the senate probably will. lauren: edward lawrence, thank you very much. u.s. student loan debt grew to nearly $1.5 trillion last year and because students have all this debt, sometimes they put off purchases of a home, for instance. we've got more problems if you can imagine for twitter. congressman devin new necessary slapping the company with a
$250 million lawsuit, accusing it or anti-conservative bias and shadow banning him from the platform. cheryl: todd pyro is going to break it all down. nenunes is really angry. >> reporter: not happy about this, cheryl and lauren. good morning to you. defamation, conspiracy, negligence, some of the allegations in the complaint filed in virginia state court. he claimed twitter's goal was to derail his work as he looked into hillary clinton's presidential campaign and russian involvement in the 2016 election. nunes alleges that twitter was guilty of knowingly hosting and monetizing content that is abusive, hateful and defamatory, providing a voice and financial incentive to the defamer, thereby facilitating defamation on its platform, including implications that nunes colluded with prostitutes, that he does cocaine ancocaine and that he in a weinery that allegedly used
underage hookers. they saall in an effort to infle election results. >> how is it that every day there's conservative that's are being banned. so look, they don't want to call it shadow banning. that's fine. the fact of the matter is, people could not see my tweets. it's constantly left wing stuff, constantly fake news stuff. if twitter wants to be in the public square, they should come clean, give us all your algorithms. >> reporter: fox news reached out to twitter which responded we are not commenting at this time. but twitter did suspend the account at devin ne nunes' mom,t his actual mom. nunes said he's not stopping there, that twitter is just the start of his court challenges.
cheryl: good for him for speaking up. because so many of us have beene vilified on twitter. >> reporter: it will be interesting to see what happens, if this is the start of a trend. cheryl: it could be. lauren: it's a busy tuesday morning so far. let's get to some of the other headlines making news. brazil's president making a trip to the white house today to meet with president trump. the two expected to talk trade, nuclear power and the desire by both sides to see venezuelan president nicolas maduro out of office. supporters of opposition leader juan guaido have seized three diplomatic buildings in the u.s. they include two military installations in washington and the venezuelan consolate in new york. the trump administration reportedly at odds over what to do regarding venezuelan immigrants here in the us. one proposal would have the u.s.
grant special status to more than 70,000 venezuelans living in the united states. fox con is looking to complete its factory in wisconsin by the end of next year. the new facility will focus on producing smaller l.c.d. screens used for medicare, education and entertainment purposes. the company said they will begin the next phase of construction on the factory this summer. finally, this. keurig, the coffee people, teaming up with budweiser on a home cocktail maker. the drink works machine uses liquid filled pods to create dozens of drinks. it will cost about $300 for the machine. each pod, about $4. cheryl, you can brew your own cocktails at your. cheryl: boeing doing damage control, the ceo breaking his
silence after more than a week. but is it too little too late? millennials, they're stressed out. why they say they have it so much harder than anyone else. you're watching "fbn: a.m.." i can't believe it. that we just hit the motherlode of soft-serve ice cream? i got cones, anybody wants one! oh, yeah! get ya some! no, i can't believe how easy it was to save hundreds of dollars on my car insurance with geico. ed! ed! we struck sprinkles! [cheers] believe it. geico could save you fifteen percent or more on car insurance.
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greatness comes in many forms. lease the glc 300 for just $479 a month at the mercedes-benz spring event. going on now. mercedes-benz. the best or nothing. cheryl: investigators have completed an initial review of data from the boeing plane crash that killed 157 people. reuters reporting the team returned to ethiopia with information overnight after they examined the black box in france. boeing's ceos has expressed the company's commitment to safety as concerns are growing over the 737 max 8. for more on the crisis facing boeing, let's bring in aviation analyst jay ratcliffe. we're hearing some new things. what was jaw-dropping was the wall street journal report on sunday that there are clear similarities between the ethiopian crash and the lion air crash. what did that tell you and is this something you had seen long
ago? >> we did. in fact, we had some of this preliminary data just a day after the crash. it was external data, it was satellite data that suggested that the moments after the ethiopian airlines flight took off, there were vertical speed issues that were similar to what took place with the lion air crash. that's one of the things that told me if we're headed down the path of having similarities we need to quickly ground the aircraft. i was embarrassed the fact that the united states was the last country on the planet to do so. normally, the united states is leading the way from a safety standpoint. cheryl: there's a lot of criticism being thrown at the faa, did they work too closely with boeing, did they not fully vet the new production line of the 737 max 8. these are now questions being asked. lawmakers are gearing up for committee hearings.
do you think the faa is in some way responsible here? >> well, i think there's questions certainly that beg to be answered. one of them being why weren't the pilots required to go through differences training with regards to some of the upgrades that were taking place, especially on the system that basically takes control of the aircraft, away from the pilots, at least initially and the idea that the pilots are not required to go through simulator training but are given an ipad training program for a few minutes to kind of aquaint them with the differences of the aircraft was a bit curious. it's possible the faa did allow boeing too much latitude. if so, that will be addressed and as the department of justice and the d.o.t. begin their investigations, looking into what happened, we'll have more answers than we do now. the bottom line, this is going to take time. even though the boeing ceo is trying to calm investors and future airline orders, it's something that unfortunately
will take some time. my fear is that we went- cheryl: go ahead. >> i'm afraid we went from a reluctance to ground to a haste to restore. this is something that will take time before we have all the answers we need. this is not a few week type of i thing. it's several months. i think anything less than that certainly could work against us in the long term. cheryl: you say haste to restore but at the same time there's 370 of these max 8 jets that are not in service right now but are within airlines' control and there's another 4600 of these jets on order from boeing p. what kind of timeframe do you think this is going to mean? i think we have to collect data from the two crashes to make sure it's not a boeing issue. it may turn out not to be the case. if it is, it's something we have to identify, address, get fixed and get approved by the faa as we move forward. that's going to take time where we might be looking at two or three months, at least, before we get these things back in the air. cheryl: especially when you've
got so many -- including the inspector general looking at the relationship between boeing and the faa. even canada is raising doubts about the faa. jay ratcliffe, thank you for being on with us this morning. >> my pleasure. lauren: let's take a look at how futures are trading this tuesday morning. up arrows across the board but we do have day one of the fed's two-day meeting kicking off today, dow up 70. still ahead, a state of emergency has been declared in three states as deadly and historic flooding sweeps the midwest. the latest on the rescue efforts when we return, right here on "fbn: a.m.." keep it here.
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lauren: vice president mike pence is heading to nebraska today as historic flooding sweeps the midwest. at least three people have died and hundreds have been forced from their homes. cheryl: fox senior meteorologist janice dean has the latest. the midwest has been devastated. janice: this will be heading throughout the springtime as the snow melts and we have at least two feet of snow on the ground across the areas that are flooding. more rain moving through these vulnerable flood zones. we have flash flood warnings in effect along the missouri river, in towards the mississippi river and this is moving downstream. this is going to be an issue throughout the springtime for all of these river gauges along the vulnerable areas. historic flooding continues for parts of missouri, as well as as iowa, nebraska and wisconsin. there's more rain in the forecast throughout the next week or so, we'll be watching the potential for more rain. this is a big story, ladies and
we'll keep an eye on it and bring you the latest. lauren: janice, thank you. cheryl: let's take a look at futures this tuesday morning. looks like at this point we're starting off the day in the green, the dow pointing higher in the premarket by 72, s&p up 7 and-a-half, nasdaq up 17. still ahead, president trump continues his criticism of general motors but is it enough to convince gm to change its plans? and do you post photos on facebook of your latest attempt at an extreme sport? what about he photos of drinks with your coworkers? how posts like these could be costing you a pretty penny. you're watching "fbn: a.m.." ♪ what a fool believes. ♪ the wise man has the power. ♪ to reason away. of your investments.
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cheryl: let's get you caught up on global market action. u.s. investors going to keep a close and ear on the fed's two-day meeting which yet underway today. futures right now, dow up 79 in the premarket, nasdaq up 19 and a quarter. theresa may has two days to get the green light for the brexit deal if she wants to ask the e.u. leaders for more time. ftse is slightly higher as the cac 40 and dax are slightly higher as yet. asian markets muted overnight, no real news coming out of the u.s.-china trade negotiations. investors will be watching for what the fed has to say. lauren: let's get into that right now. the fed kicks off its two-day meeting today. a bit of choppy trading yesterday ahead of all of this. investors looking a ahead to any update or clues from the central bank on the state of the economy and the direction of rates. joseph minerek is the senior
director for the conference board. he joins us now. good morning. what do you expect the fed to say about the economy and the consumer? >> well, the fed isn't going to do anything but i think they're going to sweat a lot for being inactive. they're going to say that since they last issued their decision, that the economic data have been a little bit on the soft side, that they believe that it is appropriate to maintain the current low level of interest rates, but they're not going to be comfortable doing it. lauren: do you think it's going to be one and done for the fed or can you see them putting tightening back on the table for this year? >> it's a long year. they're going to say that they are data dependent, surprise, and in fact they are. they're going to be looking at where we're going on growth. they're going to be looking at wage increases. and they are going to have a concern as the year goes on that
they're having -- they're sitting there with very low interest rates. if something goes wrong, they don't have much space on the downside, which is why they are so uncomfortable. lauren: do you expect them to announce when they're going to cut back on the balance sheet? >> at this time, i would say no, that's a long-term development. they'll say that they are discussing it. they're making a lot of progress. they're learning a lot. but i would be surprised if they came up with any definitive statement right. lauren: goldman sachs says they expect the fed to stop shrinking their portfolio of bonds, et cetera, by the end of the third or the fourth quarter. we'll seem what do you make of the theory that these low rates aren't really doing much to juice the economy when you look at the housing market and you're getting into the spring buying season, low rates not juicing auto sales either. >> in fact, the economy is
cruising along at a rate that is in terms of growth, it's a little bit faster than stable. but it is certainly not exhilarating. the tax cut is wearing off in terms of its impetus on the economy. there are people and areas, technology is moving the economy in some areas, in some sectors, but not in others. and as a result, things like housing, things like auto sales, which did a little bit better as the economy grew out of the financial crisis are beginning to be a little soft. lauren: joseph, thank you very much. >> thank you. cheryl: we are getting some breaking news. ford motor is going to be adding jobs to its plant in kentucky. they're going to be boosting production of the ford expedition and the lincoln navigator this summer. that's going to create 550 jobs at the kentucky truck plant. this move from ford, again, this
is just being released, is coming as president trump continues to keep up pressure on gm to reopen a key plant in ohio. the president renewed criticism of gm over the weekend and it kept on going yesterday. he said the a automaker is moving too slowly. gm says it's not going to be pressured to open the plant. could politics play in any business decision. let's bring in jeff bellstein. we're getting the news ford frod about the expedition, we're getting news that cadillac is going to be coming out with a new ct-5 sedan but the chevy cruz in lordstown, ohio, they can't seem to sell the car. is that just a car problem and not a general motors versus president trump problem? >> that's exactly right. we're looking at a situation where in this country people just are not buying sedans the way they did a generation ago, even five years ago, with oil
prices being what they are, the preference is for suvs and frankly the larger the better. that's where the industry's going. so we're seeing this sort of rationalization which general motors announced last fall closing five factories and ford and the other automakers are all p kind of in the same boat on this. focusing on suvs and away from he sedans. cheryl: that's certainly true. people want bigger and better, they want electric, maybe go to texas, all you can see is big trucks all over the road. at the same time, the president did make an interesting point yesterday in his twitter attacks against gm or on sunday, excuse me. he said, look, why don't we set up negotiations sooner rather than later with the uaw, that union fight. the president jumping into that, if you will and here's the tweet just to show everybody. that he said basically get things going, they've got to start their talks in september, october. why wait. does the president have a point about that part of this story? >> i don't think so.
i think in this case as gm and the uaw have said, this is their negotiation. they're not going to be sort of compelled by an outside force, whether it's the white house or the other side of the aisle to move any faster on this. and they're waiting i think also to see what the economy's going to do and where the auto market is pointing them towards as far as do they relocate some other production line into that lordstown plant that will hopefully sell better or do they close it down and -- which they've obviously announced already and then shift other portions of that workforce elsewhere within the gm network of plants in that area and then lay off and furlough the rest. cheryl: it's not like you can take a plant somewhere and change it over and -- and they make suvs instead of sedans, it doesn't work that way because of the structure of the plant itself. i want to ask you, the auto
industry in general, the threat of auto tariffs, what does that mean to you? does that worry you for the u.s. auto industry? >> we've seen some evidence from gm and the other automakers, it raises the cost of steel and some other components that they rely on. so far, they've sort of made that work, basically through the layoffs and the closing of these plants that we've seen that is at least according to gm one response to this tariff fight that's been going on. but they've been able to make it work and i don't see it as being a huge impact. they're making it and they're adjusting to that process, this extra challenge they've had. cheryl: and also dealing with steel price as well which has been another big story. so much to cover for that very important american industry. thank you, jeff. >> thank you. lauren: we're watching the price of l oil rising to a four-month high driven by supply cuts. let's bring in phil flynn from the price futures group to discuss all this.
the supply cuts seem to be working. they're going to extend them, phil and, hence, the price of oil near the highs of the year. >> and why not, right? if you're opec, you like higher prices, things are going good, you know, keep the cuts going. i'm not going to say there wasn't some debate. russia say doesn't need quite ha price as saudi arabia. there was discussions that maybe the russians were bawking a bit about a production cut. if it were just the opec cuts, it might not matter. but i think the impact of the venezuelan sanctioned oil is going to take toll on u.s. refiners. lauren: where do you see gas prices come spring? we're hearing three bucks. what do you think? >> buckle up. i think three bucks is in our future. you have a perfect combination going on right now. gasoline demand in the united states is through the roof right
now. you have a spat of refinery outages all over the country. you have this terrible chemical fire in techsal cit texas city. all of that is coming in. the lack ovens way lain oil, it's -- of venezuelan oil, it's heavy oil. they don't have enough of it, that means higher prices. lauren: phil flynn, short and sweet. we appreciate you. cheryl: i appreciate the buckle up comment. lauren: i don't, actually. higher gas prices. cheryl: we've got a lot coming up next. homeland secretary kirstjen nielsen sending a warning to republicans who rebuked the president's emergency declaration. the even bigger threat she says the country is now facing. and before you pick up that bottle of soda or some sugary sports drink, you want to hear our next report. that is all coming up on "fbn: a.m.." ♪ she wore a raspberry beret.
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cheryl: homeland security secretary kirstjen nielsen is raising the alarm on the countless dangers the u.s. faces around the globe. >> although the overall security of the homeland is strong, the threats we face are graver than any time since september 11th,
2001. cheryl lauren: griff jenkins live in washington with more on the state of our homeland. >> reporter: good morning, lauren and cheryl. welcome to the dangers of the digital age, emerging online threats from china, iran and russia are a top priority of the agency created to combat terrorism. >> we now find ourselves defending against emerging threats on new battlegrounds, not only are we still facing the insidious threat from global jihadist but we are under siege from trans national criminals, faceless cyber thugs and hackers. >> reporter: she says the networks are targeted around the clock but while cyber security and counter terrorism are a core focus of her mission, she is stressing the urgency of border security. >> i can uncategorically tell you there is absolutely a disaster and emergency at the southern border and it's becoming more and more heart-wrenching every day.
we are in system meltdown. >> reporter: as the border battle continues, the pentagon releases a lengthy list of military construction projects that could be cut to help pay for a wall ranging from water treatment plant improvements to air field security and hangar maintenance, generating nearly $13 billion in potential funding. democrat senator jack reed says what the president is doing, is a, quote, slap in the face to our military. he writes the president is planning to take funds from needed projects and di the verto -- divert them to his van phi vy wall. lauren: griff jenkins, thank you. cheryl: all right. here are some other headlines making news this morning. massachusetts senator elizabeth warren calling housing a basic human right at a town hall address on cnn last night. she outlined her plan to help
americans find homes. >> i believe what we should do is we should make a big investment in housing and by the way, if we do that, independent analysis from moody's says that we would lower rents across this country by about 10%. that's across the board. and we create an opportunity for more people to become buyers. cheryl: the senator also insisting that claiming her native american heritage had nothing to do with how her career turned out. apple planning a new streaming service next week and netflix isn't going to be a t part of it. netflix's ceo says netflix wants to have people watch their content on their own service. a new study may have soda drinkers feeling flat. a new study says there's a link of drinking sugary drinks and a higher risk of early death, especially in women.
maybe moderation is if key. disney is working to bring movie posters to life, using facial recognition software. poster will read your emotions and change the art work accordingly. if you're happy, dumbo's happy, for instance. lauren: i would want the opposite to happen, so it can change your mood. if you're depressed, i want to see a happy movie. cheryl: i go to the movies because i want to escape or maybe -- just escape. lauren: we don't like this idea. cheryl: not a fan. lauren: for the first time in 13 years, the yukon women's basketball team is not the number one seed in the ncaa tournament. who beat them to that top spot? we'll have that next. plus, why video game fortnite caused a blowout in an mlb locker room. keep it here.
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lauren: so it's official, march madness is here. the tournament begins tonight. cheryl: okay. jared max, it's almost time for tip-off. jared: one in five adults plays in the march madness brackets. everybody gets involved. tonight, probably a freebie, it's the play-ins between prairie view and dickinson. the women's ncaa bracket came out monday. the number one seed, baylor. this is not a misprint. the university of connect cut missing for the first time in 13 years, not a number one seed. yukon seeded second. duke is number one again in the
a.p. poll and the betting choice in vegas at caesars palace, duke two to one odds to win it all, the heaviest favorite since kentucky four years ago. the next clos closest is virgin. according to a survey, estimated 47 million americans will play about 149 million ncaa brackets and spend $8.5 billion doing so. you can print brackets at ncaa.org where you will find a message that reads they ncaa opposes all forms of legal and illegal sports way jeering. some people bet on ufc. some bet data white will run the show for years to come. you'd be right. there is a seven year contract extension and espn announces a seven year deal, exclusive provider of pay-per-view usc events. they will stream 12 events annually, $60 on top of regular cost for espn plus.
ever get frustrated when somebody should be working or appearing to be interested but is playing video games instead. last baseball season, phillies were in a losing streak and carlos santana says he smashed a television in the philly's clubhouse because he walked in during a game and some of the teammates were playing fortnite while the baseball game was going on. he took a bat to it. no word if he got in trouble. management may have liked the attitude, it's all about respect the game. lauren: you can catch jared's sports reports on fox news headlines 24/7, sirius xm channel 115. cheryl: how your facebook post could be costing you money, why you may want to share your latest accomplishments at the gym over a round of shots at the bar. and you better like that facebook gym photo, otherwise you're going to stress out millennials why they say their lives are more difficult than ever. keep it here on "fbn: a.m."
lauren: you've got to like my post. ♪ crawling back to you. ♪
so, the whole world is talking about ai. big, bold promises like... it'll find life on mars! but here's the thing. you don't live on mars. (beep) you build wind turbines. supply car parts to thousands of cities. . . they see us as profits. we're paying the highest prescription drug prices in the world so they can make billions? americans shouldn't have to choose between buying medication and buying food for our families. it's time for someone to look out for us.
congress, stop the greed. cut drug prices now. rather than worry about how to pay for long-term care. brighthouse smartcare℠ is a hybrid life insurance and long-term care product. it protects your family while providing long-term care coverage, should you need it. so you can explore all the amazing things ahead. talk to your advisor about brighthouse smartcare. brighthouse financial. build for what's ahead℠
lauren: once again, be careful what you post, todd piro joins us with that. >> be careful because todd is here. it's all about saving up money, guidance for how life insurers may use algorithms to comb through social. the focus is post healthy
behaviors like exercise. is it happening today, they haven't done to scale yet, at this point. it's still all about urine in the blood in determining what the premium is going to be, they haven't figured out how they not like to isolate for your activities. lauren: she's a marathon runner. >> she would get more money. cheryl: wants you to be healthy, they will do anything they can -- lauren: what if it's nothing? >> we are still few years away. lauren: how do millennials handle situations, todd? >> one-third of millennials believe their life is stressful than average american. 20, 22, 37, small problems are
adding to big stress, 40% of you stressed about having a dead phone battery, nearly 20% of you said getting zero likes on social media is causing you argument than significant other, biggest resource for your threat, you can control battery, loss of credit card or phone, plug in your phone, don't lose your card or your wallet. cheryl: social media one is ridiculous. >> they all are ridiculous. be adults and step up. not, you guys. cheryl: great to have you. come back tomorrow. >> okay. lauren: mornings with maria starts now. maria: hey there, ladies, wow a story that was, good morning, everyone, thanks for joining us, happy tuesday, it is tuesday march 19th, top stories before 6:00 a.m. on the east coast.
jobs in america one automaker makes cuts another is adding, ford motor will create jobs in kentucky, breaking news, president trump taking aim at general motors again. relentless commitment to safety. message from boeing ceo this morning as the company faces growing concern of 737 max 8 jet on the second deadly crash involving the plane. taking action against twitter, congressman devin nunes filed 250 million-dollar lawsuit against twitter alleging it failed to take down defamatory tweets about him. social media and your insurance premium, how what you post can affect what you pay, mornings with maria begins right now from los angeles this morning. ♪
♪ maria: markets this morning are looking out. futures indicating gains at the start of trade, take a look, futures indicating dow industrials will be up 80 points at start of trading, this would be the market up 4 days in a row while s&p and nasdaq are up 2 straight days, s&p up 7 and nasdaq up 21 this morning. pretty good tone at start of trading if things hold on. american auto worker getting good news, ford motor announcing in past hour that it would add 550 new jobs at kentucky factory. general motors on the other hand, weathering criticism from president trump over the company's losing down of ohio plant. joining me foxnews.com automotive editor and financial partner chief
FBN AM
FOX Business March 19, 2019 5:00am-6:00am EDT
A roundup of the international markets and overseas news; and a look at futures trading.
Lauren 35, Boeing 17, U.s. 11, Cheryl 11, Us 10, Faa 7, Trump 6, China 6, Gm 5, United States 5, Kentucky 5, S&p 4, White House 4, Mercedes-benz 3, America 3, Ncaa 3, Netflix 3, Washington 3, Theresa 3, Maria 3
Uploaded by TV Archive on March 19, 2019
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Find a Doctor/Anesthesiology/MD/Baltimore
Dr. Mark DiMino, MD
Anesthesiology, Pain MedicineAnesthesiology | Pain Medicine
8 Insurance Plans
University of Maryland Medical Center110 S Paca St Ste 6200Baltimore, MD 21201
Dr. DiMino's Background
Dr. DiMino, MD is a practicing Anesthesiologist in Baltimore, MD. Dr. DiMino graduated from Saba University School of Medicine in 1998 and has been in practice for 19 years. He completed a residency at University of Maryland Medical System. Dr. DiMino also specializes in Pain Medicine. Dr. DiMino accepts multiple insurance plans including Aetna, Medicare, and Cigna. Dr. DiMino also practices at Univ. of Maryland Anesthesiology Associates P.A. in Gwynn Oak, MD.
Dr. DiMino, MD is a practicing Anesthesiologist in Baltimore, MD. Dr. DiMino graduated from Saba University School of Medicine in 1998 and has been in practice for 19 years. He completed a residency...Dr. DiMino, MD is a practicing Anesthesiologist in Baltimore, MD. Dr. DiMino graduated from Saba University School of Medicine in 1998 and has been in practice for 19 years. He completed a residency at University of Maryland Medical System. Dr. DiMino also specializes in Pain Medicine. Dr. DiMino accepts multiple insurance plans including Aetna, Medicare, and Cigna. Dr. DiMino also practices at Univ. of Maryland Anesthesiology Associates P.A. in Gwynn Oak, MD. More...Less
University of Maryland Medical System
Saba University School of Medicine
Learn More About Anesthesiology
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110 S Paca St Ste 6200Baltimore, MD 21201
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Dr. Jean-Pierre Ouanes
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Sheppard Air Force Base
Search sheppard.af.mil: Search
Sheppard Cares
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Welcome to the official site of Sheppard Air Force Base, Texas. This site is provided as a public service through the cooperative efforts of Sheppard AFB (82nd Training Wing Public Affairs) and the Air Education and Training Command Public Affairs offices.
363rd TRS student earns ACE Award
Col. Joshua DeMotts
F-16 crew chiefs
AETC Mission
Air Education and Training Command - "Recruit, train and educate Airmen to deliver airpower for America."
Air Education and Training Command, with headquarters at Joint Base San Antonio-Randolph, Texas, was established and activated in January 1942, making it the second oldest major command in the Air Force and its' training mission makes it the first command to touch the lives of nearly every Air Force member. AETC was formed in 1942 as the Army Air Corps Flying Training Command with headquarters in Washington, D.C. During World War II the command provided technical and flying training at more than 600 installations, factories and institutions of higher learning. Over the years, more than 25 million students have graduated from AETC training and education programs.
AETC includes Air Force Recruiting Service, a numbered air force and the Air University. The command operates 12 major installations and supports tenant units on numerous bases across the globe. There are also 16 active duty and seven Reserve wings.
AETC's mission is to "Recruit, train and educate Airmen to deliver airpower for America."
AETC's vision is "Forging innovative Airmen to power the world's greatest Air Force."
Air Force Mission
The mission of the United States Air Force is to fly, fight and win...in air, space and cyberspace.
To achieve that mission, the Air Force has a vision:
The United States Air Force will be a trusted and reliable joint partner with our sister services known for integrity in all of our activities, including supporting the joint mission first and foremost. We will provide compelling air, space, and cyber capabilities for use by the combatant commanders. We will excel as stewards of all Air Force resources in service to the American people, while providing precise and reliable Global Vigilance, Reach and Power for the nation.
The Air Force has three core competencies: Developing Airmen, Technology-to-Warfighting and Integrating Operations. These core competencies make our six distinctive capabilities possible:
Air and Space Superiority : With it, joint forces can dominate enemy operations in all dimensions -- land, sea, air and space.
Global Attack: Because of technological advances, the Air Force can attack anywhere, anytime -- and do so quickly and with greater precision than ever before.
Rapid Global Mobility: Being able to respond quickly and decisively anywhere we're needed is key to maintaining rapid global mobility.
Precision Engagement: The essence lies in the ability to apply selective force against specific targets because the nature and variety of future contingencies demand both precise and reliable use of military power with minimal risk and collateral damage.
Information Superiority: The ability of joint force commanders to keep pace with information and incorporate it into a campaign plan is crucial.
Agile Combat Support: Deployment and sustainment are keys to successful operations and cannot be separated. Agile combat support applies to all forces, from those permanently based to contingency buildups to expeditionary forces.
The Air Force bases these core competencies and distinctive capabilities on a shared commitment to three core values -- integrity first, service before self, and excellence in all we do.
The Department of the Air Force is headquartered in the Pentagon, Washington D.C. The service is organized in nine major commands throughout the world which provide combat aircraft, airlift, refueling, reconnaissance and other support to the Unified Combatant Commands.
The Air Force also has more than three dozen field operating agencies and direct reporting units which directly support the mission by providing unique services.
Together with Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard forces, the United States Air Force is the best in the world.
Acting Secretary of the Air Force - Matthew P. Donnovan
Chief of Staff of the Air Force - Gen. David L. Goldfein
Vice Chief of Staff - Gen. Stephen W. Wilson
Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force - Chief Master Sgt. Kaleth O. Wright
Mission: Train, Develop, and Inspire Warriors
Vision: Combat Capability Starts Here
Motto: Sustineo Alas (We Sustain the Wings)
Mission: To produce the world's finest NATO pilots with the skills and attitude to succeed in fighter aviation.
Vision: To Be the World's Premier Combat Pilot Training Program.
14 NATO nations participants:
• ABU or OCP uniform
• Physical Training Gear for Organized PT (Mandatory)
• Appropriate Civilian Attire (For Class Social and Community Events)
• Service Dress and Service uniforms not required for training
Note: In accordance with the AFI 36-2903, 10.4.6. When performing special duties or attending professional military education, wear primary AFSC occupational badge.
AF Sites
Strategic APR
SAPR
Official United States Air Force Website
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We are proud to announce full details of the Special Edition and Collector.s Edition of Grand Theft Auto V . which will be available for worldwide pre-order starting today from participating retailers.
As an additional bonus, those who pre-order any edition of Grand Theft Auto V (including the Special Edition, Collector.s Edition or the standard retail edition) between now and September 17th will get access to pilot the Atomic Blimp in-game vehicle.
High above the streets of Los Santos floats the Atomic Blimp, hawking Los Santos. finest tire company (whose products are available in any LS Customs garage). Pre-order now to gain the ability to pilot the most iconic and leisurely aircraft in the Los Santos skies.
The Grand Theft Auto V Special Edition. Click here for more detail.
The Grand Theft Auto V Special Edition includes:
This special SteelBook features double-sided, never-before-seen artwork of Michael, Trevor and Franklin. Custom color and metallic treatments bring out the detail of the artwork created exclusively for this SteelBook.
Single player Stunt Plane Trials let you take on additional aerial challenges spread throughout Los Santos and Blaine County.
Michael, Franklin and Trevor each have a unique special ability. With this boost, the special ability bar will generate 25% faster.
This exclusive, additional 21.5. x 26.75. map displays a blueprint view of Los Santos and Blaine County. Cryptic markings indicate locations for fast cash and other points of interest for the up-and-coming entrepreneur.
Michael, Franklin and Trevor get bonus outfits in their wardrobes, character specific tattoos at tattoo parlors, and special deals from shopkeepers across Los Santos and Blaine County.
When visiting Ammunation stores in single player, merchants will have special weapons in their inventory available for free: the Pistol .50, Bullpup Shotgun and melee Hammer.
The Grand Theft Auto V Collector.s Edition. Click here for more detail.
The Grand Theft Auto V Collector.s Edition includes all the contents of
Grand Theft Auto V Special Edition as described above plus:
Inspired by the heists in Grand Theft Auto V, this custom 10.75. x 8.5. money bag features a pop-up style lock and laser cut logo key to secure important items. The reverse side features a pressed Rockstar Games logo on the security mount with a framed ID window.
Get classic Grand Theft Auto characters to use within the Grand Theft Auto Online Character Creation System.
This exclusive New Era 9FIFTY. cap features an embroidered Los Santos logo on the front, a stitched, black Rockstar Games logo on the wearer.s left side, a Grand Theft Auto .V. logo applique on the opposite side, and snapback closure for an adjustable fit.
Players will instantly receive a garage to store custom vehicles. In single player, the garage will be stocked with the 1930.s style Hotknife hotrod and the CarbonRS sports bike. In Grand Theft Auto Online, players will get the high-end Khamelion electric car.
The Grand Theft Auto V Collector.s Edition comes packaged in a premium outer box featuring a foil embossed Grand Theft Auto V logo on the top, finished with a matte, scuff-resistant film lamination, housing all of the contents.
The Grand Theft Auto V Collector.s Edition and Grand Theft Auto V Special Edition are the perfect way for fans to celebrate the return of GTA, with special digital content and exclusive Grand Theft Auto V physical items. Grand Theft Auto V Collector.s Edition will retail for $149.99, while the Grand Theft Auto V Special Edition will retail for $79.99. All versions are now available for pre-order until September 17, 2013 while supplies last.
Look for online pre-order links to be updated at www.rockstargames.com/V/preorder starting later today.
Follow us: Rockstar Newswire Facebook Twitter YouTube Instagram
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RS Games Clothing Partner Announced
Feb 14, 2018 | News, Race
Rooster® Announced as RS Games Clothing Partner
It is less than six months until the massive RS Games 2018 get underway with RS sailors from around the world coming to Weymouth to race and party. The team from Rooster® will be central to the action, both as the official event clothing partner and on the water.
Steve Cockerill, Managing Director and founder of Rooster says: “Rooster and RS have long been brands with shared beliefs and so we are super excited to announce our partnership for the 2018 RS Games. RS Sailing have a proven track record of equipping sailors with boats they love to sail, which fits perfectly with the Rooster ethos of making top quality kit an affordable option for every sailor, whatever the weather. We look forward to working together for the benefit of our great sport and its fanatical following!”
Steve will be at the heart of the RS Games in a variety of ways, including racing to defend his RS Aero 7 World Champion title, clinched after a nail biting final race in Carnac last year.
The RS Games will be one of the largest festivals of dinghy racing anywhere in the world in 2018. Courses will be set both in Portland Harbour and Weymouth Bay and on shore the sailing centre will be geared up to make a fantastic apres sail atmosphere for the lively RS crowd. Beer tents, food stands, a main stage with music and videos of the action will create the RS sailors zone and keep everyone together, fed and watered before and after racing.
If you sail an RS, your mates will be there having a good time, hoping you can join them!
Enter online here
Enter now and recieve a free event T-shirt.
Make a note to pay online before the end of May and you’ll also save £50 on the fee.
You’ll also find the full event schedule and accommodation details on the site.
Rooster® are leading suppliers of own-brand technical watersports clothing and specialist chandlery items. The Rooster® layering system is designed to provide a range of flexible options to suit any condition on the water. For hints, tips, videos and more visit www.roostersailing.com
We’re proud that RS Sailing designs have built some of the most vibrant class communities, been chosen by leading organisations globally and that from our humble beginnings we’ve become the world’s largest small-sailboat manufacturer. For more information visit www.RSsailing.com
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Short Term Apartments Rentals
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Home » Blog » Uncategorized » Getting Around Using Public Transport in Sydney
Getting Around Using Public Transport in Sydney
Posted on December 10, 2018 by sbm
The NSW government’s Transport Info site makes it possible to plan your trip, regardless of if it involves changing modes of trains and buses. Make use of the site to calculate the simplest way to get from A to B when travelling to or all over City of Sydney. In addition it provides fare and timetable information.
Sydney Trains
Train stations in central Sydney include Central, Museum, St James, Town Hall, Wynyard, Circular Quay, Martin Place and Kings Cross. These are typically very easy to travel between or to hook up with services visiting the northern, southern and western suburbs. Trains to your eastern suburbs, including Bondi Junction, en approach to the famous Bondi Beach leave from Martin Place Station.
Services run from 4am to around midnight on most train lines. Information kiosks can be seen at Central and Circular Quay stations. All stations from the network have twenty-four hour ticket vending machines.
NSW TrainLink
Sydney’s vast metropolitan train network not just links the wider region with all the city, moreover it travels to nearby major cities and attractions like Newcastle as well as the Hunter Valley region to the north, Wollongong into the south while the Blue Mountains into the west.
NSW TrainLink also operates rail services to and from regional centres and holiday destinations such as Port Macquarie, the Snowy Mountains, Dubbo, Tamworth and Broken Hill. Central Station is the main terminal for country services. Trains to Canberra, Brisbane and Melbourne also leave from Central.
Airport Link
The airport line operates from all City Circle stations to your domestic (T2 and T3) and international terminals (T1) every 10 minutes or more. The trip will take between 10 and 20 minutes, based on for which you get on and where you stand going. The line runs from about 5am until midnight, seven days a week. Station access fees are payable by using either Domestic or International stations.
Sydney Buses
Sydney Buses travel through the town and beyond almost around the clock. Almost all of the bus routes in the City of Sydney are prepaid only to reduce delays, so you’ll need to buy a ticket if your wanting to get on board. There are ticket outlets all over the city and you can usually find one near bus stops.
The main bus stops when you look at the city centre are in Circular Quay, Wynyard and Central Stations, additionally the Queen Victoria Building (QVB) for which you will also find visitor information kiosks.
Transdev operates the light rail network connecting (zone 1) Central Station, Capitol Square, Paddy’s Market, Exhibition Centre, Convention, (zone 2) Pyrmont Bay, The Star, John Street Square, Sydney Fish Market, Wentworth Park, Glebe, Jubilee Park, Rozelle Bay and Lilyfield. Central to Lilyfield travel time is around 25 minutes.
Services operate daily every 15 minutes from Central to Lilyfield between 6am and 11pm Monday to Thursday and between 6am to midnight Friday and Saturday. There is a twenty-four hour service from Central towards the Star operating every 15 minutes from 6am to midnight then every 30 minutes until 6am.
The town of Sydney welcomed the NSW Government’s announcement that really work will soon begin on a $1.6 billion light rail line along George Street, connecting Randwick with Circular Quay.
Free city shuttle bus
A free city centre shuttle bus (route 555) operates every 10 minutes on a circuit from Central Station to Circular Quay, along George and Elizabeth streets. If you’re doing work in the town, it’s the perfect option to go to meetings across town or to run an errand.
Visitors will find it handy when travelling between Sydney’s attractions. The service operates from 9.30am to 3.30pm on weekdays, with a late finish at 9pm on Thursday evenings, and from 9.30am to 6pm on weekends.
Sightseeing bus tour
The international ‘hop on, hop off’ bus tour departs from Alfred Street on Circular Quay. Bondi tour departs from Eddy Avenue (near Central Station). Call 02 9567 8400.
Harbour City Ferries
Ferry services across Sydney’s world-renowned harbour leave through the terminal at Circular Quay and go to a myriad of harbourside destinations including Taronga Zoo and suburbs such as Balmain, Kirribilli, Neutral Bay, Mosman and Rose Bay.
Services also go to the northern reaches for the harbour at Manly and west along the Parramatta River. Information kiosks are located at Circular Quay and Manly.
Taxis in Sydney can be hailed through the kerb regarding the street or engaged at one of several designated taxi ranks throughout the city centre. Taxis could be booked directly with one of numerous private taxi companies operating across the city.
Renting A Car And What You Need To Know
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Bill Gates steps down as Microsoft chairman
by Tina Costanza
4 Feb 201492 Views
Bill Gates, now on Microsoft's board as founder and technology adviser
Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates has stepped down from his role as chairman of the company’s board of directors to take up a new role on the board as founder and technology adviser.
Gates’ new role include devoting more time to the company, Microsoft said, and supporting new CEO Satya Nadella in "shaping technology and product direction".
John Thompson, lead independent director for the board of directors, will replace Gates as chairman of the board. Thompson will remain an independent director on the board, as well.
Besides Gates and Nadella, Microsoft’s board now consists of:
Former CEO Steve Ballmer (whom Nadella has replaced)
Dina Dublon, former CFO of JPMorgan Chase
Maria M Klawe, president of Harvey Mudd College
Stephen J Luczo, chairman and CEO of Seagate Technology PLC
David F Marquardt, general partner at August Capital
Charles H Noski, former vice-chairman of Bank of America Corp
Dr Helmut Panke, former chairman of the board of management at BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
John W Thompson, CEO of Virtual Instruments.
Seven of the 10 board members are independent of Microsoft, which is consistent with the requirement in the company’s governance guidelines that a substantial majority be independent.
Related: Bill Gates, Microsoft, Steve Ballmer, Satya Nadella, leadership, Bank of America Merrill Lynch
Tina Costanza has held senior editorial positions at daily newspapers in Ottawa and Toronto
Microsoft’s Ann Johnson: ‘Identity is the new perimeter’
14 Jun 20191.13k Views
Excellence in research for innovation and analytics
Building a better working world
What first steps must businesses take towards a low-carbon future?
What is Google’s Stadia and is it the end of the console as we know it?
20 Mar 20191.4k Views
Change is good (sometimes)
3 days ago193 Views
‘I have multiple examples where gut instincts saved lives’
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Home Year 2014 The Other Woman (2014)
The Other Woman (2014)
“Game of Thrones fans… I’m sorry. Here, have some wine and flowers.”
Twitter Plot Summary: Three women discover the man they’re seeing has been cheating on them, so they seek revenge.
Five Point Summary:
1. Well that was awkward.
2. Nicky Minaj can’t open her jaw, apparently.
3. Kate Upton, clearly not cast because of her acting abilities.
4. Revenge plans kick in.
5. An amusing joke! And then the film ends.
It seems that writing films specifically for a female audience is an incredibly difficult process. With the exception of Bridesmaids a couple of years ago, it’s difficult to name any other films in recent years that have successfully nailed the formula and provided believable women in an entertaining setting. Despite its marketing campaign trying to prove otherwise, The Other Woman is a resounding failure, trying to portray women as strong and independent but instead making them out to be insecure and willing to forgive male indiscretions because they apparently can’t do better for themselves. They do of course realise that they can do better through a series of somewhat unbelievable plot contrivances, but it’s a long time in arriving.
It’s a story that stretches credulity in the first place, with Leslie Mann’s Kate discovering that her husband has been having an affair with Cameron Diaz’s Carly, and then both of them soon realise he’s also hooked up with Kate Upton’s Amber and, it turns out, many more women besides. Joining forces, the three of them hatch a plan to get revenge on Mark (Game of Thrones’ Nicholas Coster-Waldau) for his lying, cheating and stealing. The friendship between Kate and Carly does develop well despite the unusual circumstances which it begins under, and both Mann and Diaz are strong performers who invest in making this screen friendship work. This is perhaps the only positive point to draw, so let’s explore the negatives shall we?
The revenge aspect of the narrative – which you would expect to play the biggest role – doesn’t kick in until over an hour in, and before it has time to become something genuinely funny, we’re lumbered once again with female indecisiveness and yet more unnecessarily shrill conversations that lead to a cliche and all too convenient finale.
She realised far too late that her jaw had been wired shut.
Kate Upton has almost zero acting ability, so we should be grateful that the script gives her very little to do beyond smile and look good in a bikini. Similarly a brief cameo from Nicky Minaj as Carly’s receptionist is ruined by her jaw apparently being wired shut – she talks as if she’s a ventriloquist’s dummy who has been magically brought to life and given a film role.
What The Other Woman needs, beyond a page one rewrite, is its running time trimmed to a more manageable 90-100 minutes (comedies running beyond their natural limit is all Judd Apatow’s fault), a tighter focus and development of the female relationships, and more emphasis on seeking revenge for Mark’s infidelity. Surely they could have come up with some more entertaining methods of getting their own back beyond the three or four ideas we get to see?
A couple of half decent jokes aside, namely the trio discretely feeding Mark laxatives and oestrogen, and him constantly walking into clear glass walls thinking there’s nothing there, come far too late to save it from being a trainwreck, and a greater effort on introducing actual jokes in the first two acts would have gone a long way towards saving the production. In one scene Kate’s dog decides to relieve himself on the apartment floor. As far as critical commentary goes, his analysis of The Other Woman is spot on.
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Drive Hard (2014) movie review
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A New Era in Nursing
Transforming Care at the Bedside
With so much care being delivered in hospital medical-surgical units, and with an estimated 35 percent to 40 percent of unexpected hospital deaths occurring on such units, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) agreed to work together to create, test, and implement changes to dramatically improve care on medical-surgical units, and improve staff satisfaction as well.
In 2003, through an initiative called Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB), RWJF and IHI created a framework for built around improvements in four main categories:
Safe and Reliable Care
Vitality and Teamwork
Value-Added Care Processes
Over the course of several years, participating hospitals tested, refined, and implemented change ideas within each of the four categories, many with very promising early results. Examples include the following:
Use of Rapid Response Teams to “rescue” patients before a crisis occurs
Specific communication models that support consistent and clear communication among caregivers
Professional support programs such as preceptorships and educational opportunities
Liberalized diet plans and meal schedules for patients
Redesigned workspace that enhances efficiency and reduces waste
Many changes could not be strictly categorized, but produced positive change in one or more categories. IHI believed that by working in all four categories simultaneously, care teams could more effectively transform results.
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Health Care Quality and Value
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Home > News > Other News
NSTF eNews: Anticipating and preparing for extreme weather events, NSTF-South32 Awards, plus more...
Posted by Lynette Pieterse on Friday, 31 May 2019 17:01
No longer "safe as houses"
Message from the NSTF Executive Director, Ms Jansie Niehaus.
About a month after Cyclone Idai made landfall in Mozambique in March, the south coast of KwaZulu-Natal experienced disastrous storms. There was loss of life, displacement of many people and much damage to property. We need to think urgently of adaptation to global warming. We should be working hard at anticipating extreme weather events and preventing the devastation that they cause. Good urban planning can play a very important role in achieving this. Read more.
NSTF News
2018/2019 NSTF-South32 Awards
Announcing the finalists: The finalists for the 2018/2019 NSTF-South32 Awards will be announced in May. Enquiries can be directed to Ms Fulufhelo Gelebe at enquiries@nstf.org.za.
21st NSTF-South32 Awards gala dinner: The winners of the prestigious 2018/2019 NSTF-South32 Awards will be announced at the 21st Awards gala dinner. Book your tables and seats for this event, which will take place on Thursday, 27 June. The theme of the dinner, which will be held in Gauteng, will be ‘Periodic Table of Chemical Elements’. Seating is limited. Contact Ms Kgaugelo Teffo at enquiries@nstf.org.za for information and bookings.
Discussion Forum on sustainable development and the chemical elements
An NSTF Discussion Forum on chemical elements from the perspective of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals will be held in Midrand, Gauteng on 16 May 2019. The event is hosted by the NSTF in partnership with the Department of Science and Technology and Dow Southern Africa.
The UN proclaimed 2019 the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (IYPT2019). The UN recognises the importance of raising global awareness around chemistry. This includes chemistry’s role in solving global challenges within the energy, agriculture, health and other critical sectors.
Read the concept document and programme for background information.
Discussion Forum on chemical elements for South Africa’s future: Read all about it
There is a lot of controversy around mining. Mined rare earth elements (REE) are essential for existing and new technologies. Their uses include batteries, glass, fuel cells, hybrid and electric vehicles, wind turbines, and air conditioning.
Read more about the issues around REEs and the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), the potential future of mining for the 4IR, the impact of 4IR on mining technologies and more by visiting the website of the March 2019 NSTF Discussion Forum on Chemical Elements for South Africa’s Future (#IYPT_za).
A media release on mining and the 4IR, the presentations and videos from the event are available on the NSTF’s Discussion Forum website.
Special newspaper supplement on the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements
Business Report, an NSTF Awards media partner since 2010, will be producing a special supplement on NSTF Discussion Forums focusing on the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (mentioned above).
This supplement will be the first partnership with Business Report specifically on NSTF Discussion Forums. The NSTF annually provides four to six high-level platforms through Discussion Forums. These Forums facilitate constructive, neutral and inclusive interaction and discussion with government and stakeholders on key priority areas of concern to the science, engineering, technology (SET) and innovation community in South Africa. The focus of these discussions are on the latest government policies and research in order to generate feedback and make recommendations to policy makers and role-players.
This NSTF supplement will increase awareness of the issues raised on the events on chemical elements mentioned above and lobby the outcomes to the broader public. This presents a unique opportunity for stakeholders to advertise in South Africa’s largest daily financial publication, carried in The Star, Pretoria News, Cape Times and The Mercury. Contact Ms Wilna Eksteen at enquiries@nstf.org.za for more information.
Change of internal telephone numbers
Some of the internal telephone numbers at the NSTF Secretariat have changed. The switchboard number, (012) 841-3987 stays unchanged. The contact numbers are:
Ms Jansie Niehaus (Executive Director): +27 (0)12 841-3987/2717
Ms Wilna Eksteen (Office Manager): +27 (0)12 841-3987/4995
Mr Matome Mphela (HR and Finance) and Ms Kgaugelo Teffo (Committees Secretary)
+27 (0)12 841-2717
Ms Fulufhelo Gelebe (Outreach, Media and Communications) and Ms Mosima Mabitsela (NRF Intern) +27 (0)12 841-4591
Mr Wiseman Tseisa (Outreach and Data Management) +27 (0)12 841-3349
Ms Koketso Mokolo (SAASTA Volunteer)
New NSTF members
The NSTF welcomes the following organisations that joined us in April:
· Capricorn Educational Resource Centre (Civil Societies Sector)
· Econocom Foods (Business Sector - SMMEs)
· GreenMatter (Civil Societies Sector)
· SA Latex (Pty) Ltd (Business Sector - SMMEs)
· South African Bureau of Standards (Science Councils and Statutory Bodies Sector)
· Tiziri Advanced Manufacturing Technologies - TiziriTech (Business Sector - SMMEs)
Become a member of the NSTF to support the mission of the NSTF, a non-profit company that provides a consultative forum for influencing the formulation and delivery of SET and innovation public policy in South Africa.
Mzansi Bright Sparks
Mphoentle Piliso is studying medicine at the University of Cape Town. Despite growing up without parents and being diagnosed and hospitalised with asthma in her matric year, she was one of South Africa’s top matric learners of 2017. She is one of the 2018 first-year students who were recognised in the 2017/2018 NSTF Brilliants Programme for her outstanding marks in physical science and mathematics in the National Senior Certificate examinations.
“You are not here in this world to be average, you are here to be your best and to be awesome.”
This service is sponsored by the Fuchs Foundation.
Bursary Directory
The following bursaries in science, engineering and technology (SET) are currently available in the NSTF Bursary Directory:
· Shoprite Bursaries (Closes 30 June)
· IDC Bursary Programme (Closes 31 July)
· Allan Gray Fellowship (Closes 02 August)
· SAPPI Bursary Programme (Closes 30 September)
· PSG Bursary Programme (closes 30 November)
· GAST Bursary Programme (Open all year)
· FMCSA Ford Bursary (Open all year)
· Power Group Bursaries (Open all year)
Featured SET policy: Building safer communities (Chapter 12, NDP)
In a series of articles, the NSTF is unpacking the National Development Plan (NDP) 2030, which aims to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality by 2030. This section focuses on building safer communities. Read more.
Click here for the complete document of all the previous NSTF summaries (Chapters 1-12).
SET-related policies currently open for public comment
Policies open for comment allow the science, engineering and technology (SET) community to keep track of the changing regulation environment.
· International Trade Administration Act: International Trade Administration Commission: Sunset review of anti-dumping duties on disodium carbonate: Comments invited (Comment by 27 May 2019)
· Standards Act: Standards matters: Comments invited (Comment by 28 May 2019)
· Pharmacy Act: Good pharmacy education standards: Comments invited (Comment by 31 May 2019)
· Electronic Communications Act: Draft: Consumer advisory panel amendment regulations: Comments invited (Comment by 7 June 2019)
· Tourism Amendment Bill: Tourism Amendment Bill: Comments invited (Comment by 11 June 2019)
· Tourism Amendment Bill: Draft (Comment by 15 June 2019)
· Medical Schemes Act: Regulations: Amendment: Comments invited (Comment by 28 June 2019)
· National Health Act: Office of health standards compliance: Enforcement policy: Comments invited (Comment by 12 June 2019)
· National Forests Act: Intention to declare State Forests Properties as Forest Nature Reserves under section 8(1) of the Act: Comments invited (Comment by 12 July 2019)
· Animal Diseases Act: African horse sickness: Comments invited (Comment by 25 July 2019)
· Accounting Standards Board: Exposure Draft of the proposed Directive on the Application of Standards of GRAP by Public Entities that Apply IFRS Standards. Comments invited (Comment by 31 July 2019)
SET-related policy news
· Standard Bank withdraws funding of new coal IPP projects in SA (ee.co.za)
· Finance model for energy projects in Africa needs to change (bizcommunity.com)
· Why South Africa needs an independent water regulator (mg.co.za)
· Are foreigners stealing your jobs and healthcare? (bhekisisa.org)
4th Industrial Revolution and technology
· Government puts spectrum framework on ice (itweb.co.za)
· Internet of Things helps feed the masses (ngopulse.org)
· Occupational Health and Safety Trade Exhibition: Johannesburg, 14-16 May 2019
· Securex South Africa: Johannesburg, 14-16 May 2019
· Seminar on Innovation for Inclusive Development (IID): Protection of intellectual property for grassroots innovation: Pretoria, 21 May 2019
· Road to registration for mentors, supervisors and HR practitioners: SAICE Midrand, 21 May 2019
· 2nd International Annual Congress on Controversies on Cannabis-based Medicines: Barcelona, Spain, 23-24 May 2019
· Mental Health Symposium: Pretoria, 30 May 2019
· Road to Registration for Mature Engineers, Technologists and Technicians: SAICE Durban 4 June 2019
· Getting acquainted with water resource management: Cape Town, 11-12 June 2019
· 1st International Conference on Agroecology Transforming Agriculture and Food Systems in Africa: Nairobi, Kenya, 18-21 June 2019
· Small Business Indaba: Johannesburg, 26 June 2019
· Manufacturing Indaba: The role of manufacturing in Africa, Johannesburg, 25-26 June 2019
· Launch of Manufacturing Indaba’s Black Industrialist Forum: Johannesburg, 25-26 June 2019. Email: info@manufacturingindaba.co.za.
· ESSA & ZSSA Combined Biennial Congress: CSIR ICC, Pretoria, 3-7 July 2017
· SA GeoTech 2019: Unlocking economic value with geotechnologies: Ekurhuleni, 22-23 July 2019
· Species on the Move 2019 International Conference Series: Kruger National Park, South Africa, 22-26 July 2019
· 8th ExtruAfrica: Potchefstroom, 30 July - 2 August
· International Palaeohistology Meeting 2019: Cape Town, 31 July – 4 August 2019
· Getting acquainted with water resource management: SAICE Midrand, 22-23 August 2019
· Road to registration for mentors, supervisors and HR practitioners: SAICE Johannesburg, 27 August 2019
· ICT Infrastructure Conference and Expo: Ekurhuleni, 28-29 August 2019
· SAAFoST Congress 2019: Johannesburg, 1-4 September 2019
· Road to registration for mentors, supervisors and HR practitioners: SAICE Cape Town, 3 September 2019
· 13th International Conference on Paleoceanography: Sydney, Australia, 2-6 September 2019
· XVII International Triple Helix Conference: Cape Town, 9-11 September 2019
· 12th Annual SA Innovation Summit: Cape Town, 11-13 September 2019
· The International Society for Ecological Modelling Global Conference 2019: Salzburg, Austria, 1-5 October 2019
· EduTECH Africa 2019: Johannesburg, 9-10 October 2019
· International Conference on Financial Services: The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Financial Services: Durban, 9-10 October
· World Pulses Day: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has established 10 February as World Pulses Day to recognise the importance of pulses as a global food. You can prepare to celebrate this day in 2020 and find many inspiring ideas by visiting the website of World Pulses Day 2019.
· Africa Energy Indaba: From Transformation to Transition: Cape Town, 3-4 March 2020
Members of NSTF in the proSET (Professional Societies) sector are featured in every newsletter. This month the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers and the South African Academy for Science and Arts are profiled. Both the organisations were established in 1909.
· Formed in 1909, the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SAIEE) has grown to the extent that there are approximately 6000 members on its membership roll. Members are professionally engaged in the full range of engineering activities, including academic research, manufacturing, electronics, telecommunications, measurement and control, mining, and power infrastructural services. They make meaningful contributions of the quality of life to the community and to the steady advancement of technology. Learn more about the mission, objectives and work of the Institute by visiting their website.
· The South African Academy for Science and Arts (Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns) was founded in 1909. The organisation’s mission and general objectives are the advancement of science, technology and the arts, as well as the promotion of Afrikaans usage and the maintenance of good linguistic standards. It also aims to deliver a service to the community. This multidisciplinary organisation serves the interests of all South Africans and strives to uphold excellence, fairness and exemplary scientific, moral and democratic values. Read more about this organisation on their website.
· SAICE announces online CPD platform
The South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE) announced its new CPD platform with the launch of Read the Journal papers for CPD. Read more.
A guide to government funding for SMEs
The South African government offers a number of funding instruments for small businesses. SME South Africa has compiled a handy guide to this government funding, ranging from grants to incentives, with each offering some form of financial support for entrepreneurs.
Read more about the full or cost sharing grants, incentives and equity funding in this guide.
Universities and higher education
· First accredited Automated Weather Station unveiled at TUT campus (iol.co.za)
· How to approach the revolution in scholarly publishing (theconversation.com)
· Rhodes students’ idea puts them in line for $1m international prize (engineeringnews.co.za)
· UWC-based initiative exploring how to clean up SA’s filthy cities (infrastructurenews.co.za)
Science Councils and Statutory Organisations
· Landmark ASSAf Study on Research Publishing Launched (assaf.org.za)
· Diseases deal massive blow to productivity in Africa (scidev.net)
· How we are developing immunotherapies relevant to Africa (theconversation.com)
· First population dataset to track South Africans' health and wellbeing (dst.gov.za)
· UN report warns of disastrous consequences of antibiotic resistance (groundup.org.za)
Astronomy and space science
· SA reaches for the stars - but at what cost to mining? (bizcommunity.com)
· Vibrant young South African community poised to use MeerKAT telescope (www.ska.ac.za)
· SKA Consortium completes design of Science Data Processor (www.ska.ac.za)
Environment, climate change and energy
· Online tool to simplify environmental sensitivity screening (ee.co.za)
· Scientists see fingerprint of warming climate on droughts going back to 1900 (phys.org)
· Global food systems are failing humanity and speeding up climate change: New report from 130 national academies issues wake-up call to leaders on eve of COP24 (assaf.org.za)
· Africa’s only nuclear plant to get a major revamp (techcentral.co.za)
· Re-imagining waste-to-energy for micro-generation (bizcommunity.com)
· The critical role of buildings in the green energy transition (ee.co.za)
· Absence of load-shedding signals positive outlook for business – index (polity.org)
· Kathu plant adds to South Africa’s CSP capacity (ee.co.za)
· Hybrid energy storage systems boost hybrid renewable energy systems performance (ee.co.za)
· Renewables assisted SA to avoid stage 5 and 6 load shedding (csir.co.za)
· Concrete contribution to solar energy (infrastructurenews.co.za)
· Assessing the effectiveness of private finance blending in ensuring that small-scale farmers are not left behind (polity.org.za)
· Eskom attributes load-shedding-free period to improved plant performance (engineeringnews.co.za)
· Cost to repair infrastructure after KZN floods estimated at R 658 million (infrastructurenews.co.za)
Technology and the 4th Industrial Revolution
· South African anti-poaching technology to go global (techcentral.co.za)
· Implementing artificial intelligence in industrial manufacturing (ee.co.za)
· Tech won't kill the contact centre, it'll make it more powerful (bizcommunity.com)
· SA, World Economic Forum sign accord to establish 4IR affiliate centre (dst.gov.za)
· 2019 #FameLabSA Winners: Congratulations to Keneilwe Moropa from the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and the Tshwane University of Technology for winning FameLab SA 2019. Close on her heels were runners-up Charmaine Tshangana – from UNISA’s Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit and Matia Makuma, a food scientist from Stellenbosch University. Read more about FameLabSA.
· The Department of Science and Technology (DST) calls for nominations for the 2019 South African Women in Science Awards (SAWiSA). Closing date for nominations: Friday, 31 May 2019.
· Entries for the Winetech Pitching Den will be accepted until 9 June 2019. Finalists will go through to the Winetech Pitching Den which will take place on 12 September at the 2019 SA Innovation Summit in Cape Town.
· Imvelisi Environmental Entrepreneurship Ideation Initiative: Call for application of entrepreneurs younger than 35 who have matriculated, are living in South Africa, can communicate comfortably in English, and have a business idea/concept that speaks to natural resource management, climate change, food security, water security, biodiversity conservation and social innovation. They should also be available to attend a five-day ideation bootcamp in Gauteng from 1-5 July 2019. Deadline for applications: 20 May 2019.
· ANDZA Entrepreneur Competition: SA’s top start-ups to compete for R10m in investment funding & acceleration. Entries close on 19 July 2019.
· Nka’Thuto, a member of the NSTF, offers graduates in STEM fields the opportunity to engage with young minds in the STEM fields by being part of the Science Innovation Expo as a volunteer judge. Read more.
· The Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET), and therefore respective universities, recently advertised for the fifth annual intakes into the new Generation of Academics Programme (nGAP). The programme is aimed at transforming both the composition and the size of teaching and research staff at the universities. Priority is given to young black and women doctoral graduates, and postgraduate students (SA citizens) who are then supported for a period of six years under the programme with guaranteed tenure at the end of the six-year period. Direct enquiries to Ms Mandisa Cakwe at: cakwe.m@dhet.gov.za
South African to lead world metrology body (ee.co.za)
Eskom’s COO joins international research institute (ee.co.za)
SA hails nation's maths teacher William Smith after national order honour (news24.com)
Bernard Fanaroff elected as Fellow of the Royal Society (royalsociety.org)
Minister Kubayi-Ngubane congratulates scientists on national orders (dst.gov.za)
The South African Astronomical Observatory Celebrates the life of an Astronomy Giant, Professor Michael William Feast (saao.ac.za)
The NSTF invites all our members, as well as all SET and innovation role players, to send us information on meetings, conferences and activities of interest to the broader S&T community. Please send us your news by the 20th of the month, for distribution at the beginning of the following month, to enquiries@nstf.co.za
If you have any comments or suggestions on how we can improve this newsletter, please e-mail the NSTF Secretariat at enquiries@nstf.co.za
About the NSTF
The National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF), established in 1995, is a broadly-representative stakeholder body for all SET and innovation organisations in South Africa, which seeks to influence policy formulation and delivery.
The NSTF-South32 Awards are unique in SA, recognising the outstanding contributions of individuals and groups to SET and innovation.
The science bursaries page provides information on bursaries and bursary providers for science, engineering and related studies.
The NSTF has taken all practical measures to ensure that the material contained in this newsletter is correct. The NSTF reserves the right to make changes as it deems necessary.
Registration details submitted to the NSTF will be treated confidentially and will only be used by NSTF to communicate with its members and subscribers.
www.nstf.org.za
E-mail: enquiries@nstf.co.za
Tel: 27 12 841 3987
Non Profit Company Registration Number: 2007/029165/08
NPO Registration Number: 92042
Donor tax exemption for all donations to the NSTF
Last updated Friday, 31 May 2019 15:01
Finalists announced: 2018/2019 NSTF-South32 Awards #NSTFawards2019
Finalists announced:
Recognising excellence and outstanding contributions to science, engineering and technology and innovation in South Africa #NSTFawards2019
The National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) is pleased to announce the group of finalists contending for the prestigious NSTF-South32 Awards. This is the 21st year of the annual NSTF-South32 Awards.
The NSTF-South32 Awards: The NSTF Awards were established in 1998 as a collaborative effort to recognise outstanding contributions to science, engineering and technology (SET) and innovation by SET-related professionals and organisations in South Africa. This includes experienced scientists, engineers, innovators, science communicators, engineering capacity builders, and organisational managers/leaders, as well as data and research managers.
Our partner: South32 is a mining company that de-merged from BHP Billiton in 2016. It took over the co-branding sponsorship agreement for the annual NSTF Awards.
The ‘Science Oscars’: The NSTF-South32 Awards are referred to as the ‘Science Oscars’ of South Africa. They are the largest, most comprehensive, and most sought-after national awards of their kind in the country. They were also the first science awards in South Africa.
NSTF-South32 Awards’ theme: The theme for the 2018/2019 NSTF-South32 Awards is the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements. This is in recognition of the 2019 International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (IYPT2019) as declared by the United Nations (UN). The 21st annual Awards Gala Dinner will celebrate this theme on 27 June 2019.
There are a few changes to categories and criteria this year.
Special Annual Theme Award: The NSTF is making a special theme award this year for a contribution to SET and innovation for Materials for inclusive economic development. This is in recognition of the UN celebration of the IYPT2019. The theme provides a focus on research in materials science and the development of materials to support relevant aspects of economic development in South Africa.
Communication award: This award for outreach and awareness of SET and innovation within the last 5 years also considered nominations for professional science communicators working in the field.
New partners: The NSTF welcomes two new category partners this year. The Lewis Foundation is the sponsor for the Green Economy Award. The National Intellectual Property Management Office (NIPMO) is the sponsor for the Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMME) award under the Innovation Awards. The NIPMO sponsorship includes prize money for the Innovation Award: SMME winner.
A transformed country where SET and innovation contribute to a high quality of life for all who live in South Africa, where the profile of SET professionals is representative of the nation’s diverse population and where the education system is effective, particularly in terms of performance in SET subjects and the promotion of innovation.
Realising the vision: The NSTF-South32 Awards is the NSTF’s flagship event and one among other strategic activities through which the NSTF realises this vision. Partnerships for specific awards (such as that with Eskom, Lewis Foundation, NIPMO and the Water Research Commission) recognise contributions that have the potential to make a positive impact on South Africa, and on the world.
It is an extraordinary honour to be an Award finalist; also given the quality of the nominations received, the fierce competition that nominees face, and continued growing interest from the community every year.
Join the NSTF membership and pioneering partners/sponsors in applauding the 2018/2019 NSTF-South32 Awards finalists. These comprise individuals, teams and organisations, as applicable, who have made an outstanding contribution to SET and innovation in South Africa under the categories below:
Listed alphabetically according to surname of nominee or name of team/organisation under each category
Lifetime Award
(by an individual up to 15 years or more)
Prof Jill Adler – Department (Dept) of Science and Technology (DST)/National Research Foundation (NRF) South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) Chair: Mathematics Education, School of Education, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits)
Prof John Bolton – Professor Emeritus and Senior Research Scholar, Dept of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town (UCT)
Prof Robin Crewe – Senior Research Fellow: Centre for the Advancement of Scholarship, University of Pretoria (UP) and also in the Management category
Prof Wilhelm Bouwer du Preez – Director: Centre for Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Research Centre; Associate Professor: Central University of Technology, Free State and also in the Special Annual Theme category
Prof Mary (Mairam) Gulumian – (2018-present) Head: Toxicology Research Projects, National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH); (1980-2017) Head: Toxicology section, NIOH; Professor: Haematology and Molecular Medicine, Wits
Prof Bavesh Davandra Kana – Professor: Research and Teaching; Co- Director: DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research; Research Associate: Centre for AIDS Prevention Research in South Africa, Wits and also in the Corporate Innovation category
Prof Alison Lewis – Dean: Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, UCT and also in the Engineering Research Capacity Development and Special Annual Theme categories
Prof Valerie Mizrahi – Director: Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine; Professor: Dept of Pathology; Director: South African Medical Research Council / National Health Laboratory Service / UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit; Co-Director: DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, UCT
Prof Kenneth Ozoemena – Professor: Materials for Energy and Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, Wits and also in the Special Annual Theme category
Prof Beric Skews – Director: Flow Research Unit, School of Mechanical, Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering, Wits
Prof Xiaohua Xia – Professor: Dept of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, UP
TW Kambule-NSTF Awards: Researcher
through research and its outputs
(by and individual from 6 years up to 15 years of research work from the commencement of the research career, predominantly in South Africa)
Prof Novel Njweipi Chegou – Associate Professor: Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department (Dept) of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University
Prof Serena Coetzee – Professor: Head of Geography Dept, Geo-informatics and Meteorology; Director: Centre for Geo-Information Science, University of Pretoria (UP)
Dr Thomas Ebenhan – Research Fellow: Nuclear Medicine; Acting Manager: NuMeRI, Pre-clinical Imaging Facility, UP
Prof Andre Ganswindt – Professor and Director: Mammal Research Institute, Dept of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, UP
Prof Vishnu Jejjala – Dept of Science and Technology (DST)/National Research Foundation (NRF) South African Research Chair Initiative (SARChI) Chair: Theoretical Particle Cosmology; Professor: Physics, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits)
Prof Tandi Matsha – DST/NRF SARChI Chair: Cardiometabolic Health, Dept of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology and also in the Data for Research category
Prof Mervin Meyer – Professor: Biotechnology; Director: DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre – Biolabels Research Node, Dept of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape (UWC) and also in the Management category
Prof Ntobeko Ayanda Ntusi – Professor: Medicine; Chair and Head: Dept of Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT) and Groote Schuur Hospital; Principal Investigator: Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, UCT; Editor-in-Chief: South African Heart Journal; Principal Investigator: Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa
Prof Marla Trindade – Professor: Dept of Biotechnology; Director: Institute for Microbial Biotechnology and Metagenomics; DST/NRF SARChI Chair: Microbial Genomics, UWC
Prof Lindiwe Innocentia Zungu – Executive Dean: Graduate Studies, University of South Africa and also in the Special Annual Theme category
TW Kambule-NSTF Awards: Emerging Researcher
(by an individual up to 6 years of research work from the commencement of the research career, predominantly in South Africa)
Prize sponsor: proSET (Professionals in SET), a sector of the NSTF representing professional bodies and learned societies
Dr Mahabubur Rahman Chowdhury – Senior Lecturer: Department (Dept) of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT)
Dr Jennifer Fitchett – Senior Lecturer: Physical Geography, School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand
Prof Elvis Fosso-Kankeu – Associate Professor: School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University and also in the NSTF-Water Research
Commission (WRC), and Engineering Research Capacity Development categories
Dr Wynand J Goosen – Post-doctoral Research Fellow: Dept of Science and Technology /National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Dept of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University
Dr Mardé Helbig – Senior lecturer: Computer Science Dept, University of Pretoria(UP)
Dr Vhahangwele Masindi – Research Scientist: Magalies Water; Principal Researcher; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research ; Research Fellow: University of South Africa; Part-time Lecturer: University of Venda and also in the Corporate Innovation, and NSTF-WRC categories
Prof Eshchar Mizrachi – Associate Professor: Dept of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, and Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, UP
Dr Bohani Mtileni – Senior Lecturer: Dept of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology
Dr Hlumani Ndlovu – Lecturer: Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Dept of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town
Prof Izak van Zyl – Associate Professor: Transdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Informatics and Design, CPUT
Management Award
through management and related SET and innovation activities
(by an individual over the last 5 to 10 years)
Prof Robin Crewe – Senior Research Fellow: Centre for the Advancement of Scholarship, University of Pretoria and also in the Lifetime category
Prof Mervin Meyer – Professor: Biotechnology; Director: Department (Dept) of Science and Technology (DST)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre – Biolabels Research Node, Dept of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape and also in the Researcher category
Prof Mammo Muchie – Research Professor: DST/National Research Foundation South African Research Chairs Initiative Chair (Tier1): Innovation Studies, Tshwane University of Technology
Dr Happy Marumo Sithole – Director: Centre for High Performance Computing, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research and also in the Data for Research category
Engineering Research Capacity Development Award
Sponsored by Eskom since 2003
Prof Elvis Fosso-Kankeu – Associate Professor: School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University and also in the NSTF-Water Research Commission, and Emerging Researcher categories
Prof Alison Lewis – Dean: Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Cape Town (UCT) and also in the Lifetime and Special Annual Theme categories
Prof Eric Wilhelmus Josephus van Steen – Department (Dept) of Science and Technology (DST)/National Research Foundation (NRF) South African Research Chair Initiative Chair: Reaction Engineering, UCT
Dr Abimbola Olukemi Windapo – Associate Professor: Dept of Construction Economics and Management, UCT and also in the Special Annual Theme category
NSTF-Lewis Foundation Green Economy Award
through research and innovation in South Africa towards achieving biodiversity conservation, environmental sustainability and a greener economy
(by an individual or an organisation over the last 5 to 10 years)
Sponsored by The Lewis Foundation since 2019
Prof Elizelle Juaneé Cilliers – Professor and Chairperson: Urban and Regional Planning, North-West University and also in the Communication category
Process, Energy & Environmental Technology Station (UJ-PEETS) – Technology Station Manager: Ms Nicoleen Janse van Rensburg, University of Johannesburg
Dr Dyllon Garth Randall – Senior Lecturer: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town (UCT) and also in the Communication category
Prof Martine Visser – Director: Environmental Policy Research Unit; Professor: Economics, School of Economics; Research Chair: African Climate Development Initiative, UCT and also in the NSTF-Water Research Commission category.
NSTF-Water Research Commission (WRC) Award
towards achieving sustainable water management, knowledge generation and solutions
Sponsored by the WRC since 2017
Prof Elvis Fosso-Kankeu – Associate Professor: School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University and also in the Emerging Researcher, and the Engineering Research Capacity Development categories
Dr Vhahangwele Masindi – Research Scientist: Magalies Water; Principal Researcher: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; Research Fellow: University of South Africa; Part-time Lecturer: University of Venda and also in the Corporate Innovation, and Emerging Researcher categories
Prof Martine Visser – Director: Environmental Policy Research Unit; Professor: Economics, School of Economics; Research Chair: African Climate Development Initiative, UCT and also in the NSTF-Lewis Foundation Green Economy category
Data for Research Award
for advancing the availability, management and use of data for research
(by an individual or an organisation)
Mr Abraham Jacobus Herbst – Director: Department of Science and Technology (DST)/South African Medical Research Council South African Population Research Infrastructure Network (SAPRIN); Chief Information Officer and Faculty Member: Africa Health Research Institute
Prof Tandi Matsha – DST/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative Chair: Cardiometabolic Health, Cape Peninsula University of Technology and also in the Researcher category
Dr Happy Marumo Sithole – Director: Centre for High Performance Computing, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research and also in the Management category
Stellenbosch CT facility Team – Team leader: Prof Anton du Plessis, Stellenbosch University
Innovation Awards: Corporate Organisation
for innovations and their research and/or development
(by a team or an individual over the last 5 to 10 years)
Prize sponsor: SA Innovation Summit
Africa Space Innovation Centre (ASIC) – Director: Prof Robert van Zyl, Cape Peninsula University of Technology
Centre for Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Unit, Central University of Technology, Free State – Director and Team Leader: Mr Gerrie Booysen
Forensic DNA Laboratory (FDL) team – Professor and Team Leader: Prof Maria Eugenia D’Amato; Professor: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape.
Prof Bavesh Davandra Kana – Personal Professor; Co-Director: Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits); Research Associate: Centre for AIDS Prevention Research in South Africa; Research Fellow: Stellenbosch University (SU) and also in the Lifetime category
Marian Island Marine Mammal Programme – Team Leader: Prof Nico de Bruyn, Associate Professor, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria
Dr Vhahangwele Masindi – Research Scientist: Magalies Water; Principal Researcher: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Research Fellow: University of South Africa; Part-time Lecturer: University of Venda and also in the Emerging Researcher, and NSTF-Water Research Commission categories
Prof Alexander Quandt – Acting Chair: Materials for Energy Research Group; Focus Area Co-ordinator: Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, Wits and also in the Special Annual Theme category
Solar Thermal Energy Research Group (STERG) – Team Leader: Prof Sybrand Johannes van der Spuy, Associate Professor and Solar Thermal Spoke grant holder, SU
South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO) Science Processing Team – Manager: Mr Khutso Ngoasheng
The Smart Spectrum Sharing Team – Team Leader and Chief Research Scientist: Dr Fisseha Mekuria, CSIR
Innovation Awards: Small, Medium and Micro Enterprise (SMME)
Sponsored by the National Intellectual Property Management Office including a prize, as well as an additional prize sponsor: SA Innovation Summit
Joint nomination between Bio Catalysis Team, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) – Team Leader: Dr Lucia Steenkamp, Principal Researcher: Biosciences, CSIR; Biodx (Pty) Ltd; Clive Teubes Africa (Pty) Ltd; and Puris Natural Aromatics Chemicals Division, Puris (Pty) Ltd
Hydrox Holdings (Pty) Ltd Team – Team Leader: Mr Cornelis Johannes de Jager, Chief Executive Officer
Pennine Energy Innovations (Pty) Ltd – Directors and Co-Founders: Dr Dudley Jackson and Mr Richard Mutshekwane
Communication Award
for outreach and creating awareness
(by a team or individual over the last 5 years)
Prof Michael Noel (Mike) Bruton – Founder and Director: Mike Bruton Imagineering; Retired Research Scientist and Science Administrator; Active Science Communicator
Prof Elizelle Juaneé Cilliers – Professor and Chairperson: Urban and Regional Planning, North-West University and also in the NSTF-Lewis Foundation Green Economy category
Ms Mologadi Makwela – Communications Officer: Department (Dept) of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence: Food Security, University of the Western Cape
Dr Dyllon Garth Randall – Senior Lecturer: Dept of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town and also in NSTF-Lewis Foundation Green Economy category
Dr Tanja Reinhardt – Coordinator: Science and Technology Education Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal
Wits Communications Services – Head: Shirona Patel, University of the Witwatersrand
Non-Governmental Organisation Award
including technology transfer, and education and training activities
(over the last 5 to 10 years)
Eskom Expo for Young Scientists – Executive Director: Mr Parthy Chetty
Outlook Foundation – Chief Executive Officer: Mr Segomotso Edison Kelefetswe
Special Annual Theme Award: Materials for inclusive economic development
in recognition of the United Nations ‘International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements’
(awarded according to criteria in any of the other categories but which meet this objective)
Prof Wilhelm Bouwer du Preez – Director: Centre for Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Research Centre; Associate Professor: Central University of Technology, Free State and also in the Lifetime category
Prof Emmanuel Iheanyichukwu Iwuoha – Department (Dept) of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative Chair (Tier 1): Nano Electrochemistry and Sensor Technology; Senior Professor: Chemistry; Director: Sensor Laboratories, University of the Western Cape
Dr Maya Jacob John – Principal Researcher: Polymers and Composites Competence Area, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Port Elizabeth
Prof Alison Lewis – Dean: Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Cape Town (UCT) and also in the Engineering Research Capacity Development and Lifetime categories
Prof Kenneth Ozoemena – Professor: Materials for Energy and Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) and also in the Lifetime category
Prof Alexander Quandt – Acting Chair: Materials for Energy Research Group; Focus Area Co-ordinator: Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, Wits and also in the Corporate Innovation category
Dr Abimbola Olukemi Windapo – Associate Professor: Dept of Construction Economics and Management, UCT and also in the Engineering Research Capacity Development category
Prof Lindiwe Innocentia Zungu – Executive Dean: Graduate Studies, University of South Africa and also in the Researcher category
Adjudication: The accreditation and selection process for the NSTF-South32 Awards are made by an adjudication panel of independent judges. They represent six different sectors of the NSTF membership. This adjudication panel, in conjunction with the Award partners, review the nominations to select the finalists and winners each year. A panel of experts, appointed by the NSTF Executive Committee, also assists the panel by reviewing and validating the final selections.
Youth programmes: One of the features that make these awards unique is that youth outreach is an integral part of the awards. Two NSTF Youth outreach programmes are run annually in conjunction with the NSTF Awards.
The NSTF Brilliants Programme identifies and celebrates the top achievers (90% or more) in physical science and mathematics studying in science, engineering and medicine from the previous year’s matric examinations. It exposes these young people to the SET community. Eighteen students (a man and a woman from each province) are recognised as potential future leaders and innovators.
Success is not about where you are, but who you have elevated in the process. The NSTF Share ‘n Dare Programme is an output of the NSTF-South32 Awards that profiles award winners as youth role models. Award winners share their experience in the SET field at science centres, schools and universities across the country. They encourage the youth to take up careers in SET. Thousands of South Africans are also reached through community and campus radio station awareness talks.
The announcement of the winners will take place at the prestigious NSTF Awards gala dinner on 27 June 2019 in Gauteng.
The patron of the NSTF Awards, the Minister of Science and Technology, presides over the presentation of awards. The current Minister, Ms Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane confirmed her attendance to participate in the proceedings this year (dependent on the President’s appointment of his Cabinet). The event is a glamorous affair attended by the cream of the crop of the SET community. It is the largest event of its kind and is open to the public. Almost 700 guests attended the event last year. The SET community is invited to book tables for their organisations to celebrate the achievements of the finalists. Contact Ms Kgaugelo Teffo at enquiries@nstf.co.za or call +27 (0)12 841 2717 or 012 841 3987.
There are two media partners of the NSTF Awards to ensure national public recognition of the winners, as well as to facilitate the communication of science to the broader public. They are:
· Business Report, carried by The Star, Pretoria News, Cape Times, and The Mercury newspapers
· Mail & Guardian
Both these newspapers carry supplements about the winners the day after the Awards gala dinner (Friday, 28 June 2019). Unique advertising opportunities are available for your brand. Contact Ms Wilna Eksteen at enquiries@nstf.co.za or call +27 (0)12 841-3987/4995.
Social Media: Join the conversation on social media and tag us in your posts:
Awards hashtag: #NSTFawards2019
Facebook: @NSTFSA
Twitter: @NSTF_SA
LinkedIn: National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF)
YouTube: National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF)
Organisations are invited to join hands with the NSTF to widen the reach and impact of the NSTF-South32 Awards and youth programmes. Partnerships are available on new and existing award categories and the youth outreach programmes. Contact Ms Wilna Eksteen at enquiries@nstf.co.za or call +27 (0)12 841-3987/4995.
Media Release: Systems thinking, sustainable development and chemical elements #IYPT2019 #science4SDGs
Systems thinking, sustainable development and chemical elements
Sustainable development and the chemical elements:
Chemical elements from the perspective of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals
#IYPT2019 #science4SDGs
This National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) Discussion Forum addressed sustainable development by providing a detailed perspective on selected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Furthermore, the aim was to include as many elements in the Periodic Table as possible – in celebration of the United Nations (UN) International Year. As experts shared their knowledge and views about some of the critical and complex global problems of our time, important issues emerged.
There were two organising frameworks – the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements and the 17 SDGs. However, the real discussion emerged from linkages between these, and relating them to contexts where critical problems need to be solved.
Prof John Bradley proposed one-world chemistry and systems thinking as a way of tackling complex problems (and for teaching children and students). He was presenting at the NSTF Discussion Forum with the theme of ‘Sustainable development and the chemical elements: Chemical elements from the perspective of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals’. Prof Bradley is an Honorary Professor: University of the Witwatersrand and presented on ‘From Chemistry's Big Bang to One-World Chemistry – a story for chemical education’. This NSTF Discussion Forum was held on 16 May 2019, in partnership with the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and Dow Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd.
The NSTF provides neutral collaborative platforms where issues and sectors meet
· One of the National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) functions is to hold discussion forums, bringing the private and public sector together to address important issues and engage with government policy.
· Feedback from these discussion forums is given to stakeholders.
· Recommendations are put forward to government as part of the SET community’s lobbying efforts.
The UN proclaimed 2019 the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements. The UN recognises the importance of raising global awareness around chemistry. This includes chemistry’s role in solving global challenges such as the SDGs.
Chemistry with context
Prof John Bradley says that: “Chemistry cannot be separated from the context in which it is conducted and its practice must be considered in relation to its impacts on many interconnected systems.” This includes a focus on sustainability.
One-world chemistry looks at embedding in chemistry education a growing awareness of the ways that chemistry interconnects with other disciplines and its application in context.
Prof Bradley notes that teaching and practice need to be informed by systems thinking, including embracing multi-disciplinary and cross-disciplinary approaches. He says that sustainable development is neglected in the school system. This is somewhat alarming considering that sustainability links to human survival.
From agriculture, medicines, and plastics to electrical power and ICTs, chemistry has contributed to development across the globe. However, all this has come with consequences. Prof Bradley points to recent examples, such as the nine million people killed by pollution per year. This statistic comes from the UN Environment Programme’s ‘Global Environmental Report 2019’.
The report further notes: “Modern society is living in the most chemical-intensive era in human history: the pace of production of new chemicals largely surpasses the capacity to fully assess their potential adverse impacts on human health and ecosystems.”
The NSTF Discussion Forum and systems thinking
Systems thinking considers that the “component parts of a system will act differently when isolated from the system’s environment or other parts of the system” ('Systems thinking', learning for sustainability). It’s a holistic approach that expands the way we think about things. It explores inter-relationships, connections, influences, and multiple perspectives.
It will take an extremely comprehensive systems thinking approach to tackle the SDGs which address the intractable problems of our times. This needs international and national leadership. At the NSTF Discussion Forum, the different presentations linked to various levels of systems, with topics touching on some of the areas.
Systems thinking moves beyond events, into patterns and trends, system structure and drivers, and then predominant social paradigms (mental models and world views). This is known as ‘The Iceberg Model of Systems Thinking’ by Michael Goodman.
Responding to the water challenge
South Africa has a clear water challenge. As noted by Prof Edward Nxumalo, South Africa is the 30th driest country in the world. It’s also had the worst drought in 23 years. At the same time, agriculture, mining and chemicals industries are producing emerging types of pollutants.
Prof Nxumalo is an Associate Professor: University of South Africa (Unisa). He presented on ‘The Interlink between the Periodic Table and Water Treatment: A Nano Perspective’. South Africa needs to recognise that current water treatment processes are not designed to deal with emerging contaminants, such as ibuprofen and paracetamol.
Part of his research deals with using membrane science for drinking, sea water, and wastewater purification. He and his team have also developed a solar-driven filtration system which is currently at testing phase.
He noted that there are a number of potential nanotechnology applications for water treatment. These include: membranes and membrane processes, photocatalysis, and disinfection and microbial control. Emerging contaminants can be tackled with these advanced techniques.
Responding to the fertiliser and food challenge
The way agriculture has been practised has contributed extensively to soils lacking in vital nutrients. This affects the nature and size (yield) of crops. Consequently, fertilisers are essential.
Mr Harry Dube presented on ‘Important minerals in agriculture: essential and contaminants’. He is from the Directorate: Agriculture Inputs Control; Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF). He notes that there are five main plant nutrients – with three that are absolutely critical for humankind's survival: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K).
Mr Dube says that without the industrial production of nitrogen, agricultural production would not have been possible at its current scale. However, we need to relook at the use of nitrogen fertilisers. Most soils in South Africa are acidic (and thus less productive) because of the overuse of these type of fertilisers.
Phosphorus is the most deficient in soils in terms of plant nutrition, says Mr Dube. Increased phosphorus means increased crop yields. This nutrient is not a renewable resource – it is mined. While South Africa has 10% of the world’s reserves, it exports most of it. Mr Dube notes that phosphorus, a finite resource, needs to be managed carefully. (Excessive phosphorus has negative effects including poisoning soils and leaching into water, reducing the quality of the water.)
Potassium is a fairly common mineral nutrient in soils. About 2.3% of earth crust is potassium but it’s not evenly distributed, says Mr Dube. South Africa has none.
Potassium is also a finite resource. Mr Dube says that it’s not if but when potassium and phosphorus will be depleted. To continue food production in a sustainable way, we need to relook at how we use fertilisers and consider organic fertilisers and using conservation agriculture.
A body of chemical reactions
Ms Nathalie Mat, from Nathalie Mat Dietitians, presented on ‘Mineral elements for health’. She looked minerals (calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium) and trace minerals (iodine, iron, and zinc).
She noted that the body is made of different systems, all the way down to cells and atoms. In fact, we could see ourselves as a body of chemical reactions.
Patterns and trends
When Prof Paul Nex presented on ’Critical Raw Materials, “Hype Cycles” and the 4th Industrial Revolution’, he explored context, as well as patterns and trends. He is an Associate Professor: University of the Witwatersrand.
He noted that what is considered ‘critical’ in critical raw metals (CRM) is different for different countries and different contexts and at different times: “Any definition depends on the country you are in, the technology / industry you are interested in, your perceived risk of future supply, and perceived demand. ALL of these are subject to change.”
Certain commodities are seen as critical for the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), but global demand for these go through ‘Hype Cycles’. Demand peaks quickly, then drops steeply, and perhaps stabilises at a level in between (or disappears). The prices for such raw materials follow demand. When prices stabilise somewhat, it may no longer be profitable to mine and extract them.
In terms of CRM for South Africa, Prof Nex says that it depends on what South Africa envisages for itself in next 10, 50 and 100 years. Furthermore, we can’t place a value on our raw metals if we don’t know what we have. There isn’t a great deal of information on Africa’s and South Africa’s resources and reserves. This can only happen with further exploration.
CRMs need to be contextualised to see the larger picture. Part of this is their relation to climate change and green technologies. Consider that, according to Prof Nex, electronic vehicles use four times as much copper (Cu) as our current engines. This means ‘green’ needs mining. Furthermore, Prof Nex says that renewable energy requires more raw materials, not less, at least in the short and medium term.
It’s about understanding the larger system for decision making. We need the materials for 4IR and this means mining. At the same time, we need to develop a carbon free or low-carbon economy to reduce the impact on climate change. A lot that is associated with a low-carbon economy (for example, electronic vehicles, renewable energy sources, and fuel-cell energy) are not ‘clean’ solutions. There needs to be a balance and not an ‘either/or’ scenario, says Prof Nex.
What is the DST and the rest of government doing?
DAFF’s Chief Directorate: Chemicals Management is coordinating – across government – the chemicals management work the country needs to achieve the SDGs by 2030. Government is using the SDGs as a framework to look at chemical management from various perspectives. For example, SDG 5 looks at gender equality. This translates to the target of women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities in chemicals management.
This was part of the presentation by Dr Mahlori Mashimbye called ‘Harnessing the South African Chemical Sector for contribution to Sustainable Development Goals’. He is the Director: Chemical and Related Industries, DST.
DST planning includes supporting the National System of Innovation by:
· Generating data for monitoring, planning, and tracking for informed decisions
· Promoting the generation of knowledge and analysis for policy, planning, and delivery
· Assisting in developing and localising technological solutions
· Promoting the demonstration, testing, and diffusion of technological solutions
The DST and the National Research Foundation (NRF) are looking at funding further research, research chairs, and research infrastructure, where needed. They have also launched specific initiatives and are aiming to drive global and national partnerships.
Dr Mashimbye says that there are, primarily, two approaches for the chemical sector regarding the SDGs: remediation (ie regulating including banning and restricting use) and R&D and industrial development of alternatives (ie new environmentally-friendly chemical products).
Speakers can be contacted through the spokesperson, Ms Jansie Niehaus. Video clips with the full presentations can be found on the NSTF website.
There have been previous NSTF Discussion Forums on related topics:
· Chemical elements for South Africa’s Future, 18-19 March 2019
· The Water-Energy-Food Nexus, 23-24 October 2018 – initiated by the representatives of the NSTF Science Councils and Statutory Bodies sector
· Sustainable Energy for All in South Africa, 16-17 April 2018
· How can research and innovation in publicly funded institutions support the sustainable development goals?, 4-5 September 2017 – initiated by the representatives of Science Councils and Statutory Bodies sector of the NSTF
The NSTF Awards are unique in SA, recognising the outstanding contributions of individuals and groups to SET and innovation.
The science bursaries page http://www.nstf.org.za/bursary/ provides information on bursaries and bursary providers for science, engineering and related studies.
E-mail: enquiries@nstf.org.za
Media Release: Mining the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Posted by Lynette Pieterse on Friday, 5 April 2019 17:22
Mining the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Chemical elements for South Africa’s future – Rare elements for new technologies
#elements4tech #IYPT_za #4IRsciZA #IYPT2019
There is a lot of controversy around mining. At the same time, people use products and materials from mines just to live… from housing to technology. This tension ramps up further when we face the near future. As we look to reduce carbon output and environmental impact, we focus on green energy sources and the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). The latter needs minerals from the earth to operate. It seems we have much to investigate.
This is the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements 2019 (#IYPT2019) as declared by the United Nations.
The National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) held an NSTF Discussion Forum on ‘Chemical elements for South Africa’s future’ (#elements4tech #IYPT_za) from 18-19 March 2019. The first day focused on ‘Rare elements for new technologies’. The event was held in partnership with the South African National Convention Bureau (SANCB), SA Tourism.
What are rare earth elements?
Rare earth elements (REE) are elements on the periodic table that range from the atomic numbers 57 to 71.
The REE are the 15 lanthanide series elements, plus yttrium. Scandium is found in most REE deposits and is sometimes classified as a REE. (Source: Geology.com)
REE are called ‘rare’ not because of scarcity. Dr Leon Kruger, Manager of the Hydrometallurgy Division: Mintek, explains that REE are found spread across the globe but in relatively low concentrations. Further to that, REEs are very difficult to separate from each other when processing. (Dr Kruger presented on ‘REE processing – A South African perspective’.)
The REE are also all metals, and are often referred to as ‘rare earth metals’.
REE and the Fourth Industrial Revolution
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) moves beyond the digital sphere. It’s defined in the Department of Science and Technology’s White Paper on Science, Technology and Innovation as technological developments that blur the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres.
Our current technologies are already the basis for 4IR technologies. 4IR is not a break from the past but an evolution – and mined elements are critical to both existing and new technologies.
Take the cell phone. There are about 40 elements in phones that are mined, says Mr Sietse van der Woude, Senior Executive: Modernisation and Safety, Minerals Council South Africa. “When you look at the periodic table, it’s easier to say what’s not relevant to 4IR because so many are relevant.” Mr van der Woude spoke on ‘Challenges in Mining for the Fourth Industrial Revolution’.
Mr van der Woude says that for green energy technology, even more elements are needed. As the demand for green technologies rises, so will the demand for rare metals. Other examples for REE uses include: batteries, glass, fuel cells, hybrid and electric vehicles, wind turbines, and air conditioning. Is 4IR even possible without mining?
South Africa’s mineral resources
Beyond REE, South Africa’s mineral resources for 4IR rank within top 10 in the world (except for iron ore), notes Mr van der Woude.
Dr Annelize Botes, Principal Researcher: Materials Science and Manufacturing, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), explains that titanium is considered a ‘rare’ metal because it’s a difficult metal to produce. She presented in her own capacity on ‘Rare Metals in New Technologies’. Titanium is used in many industries including aerospace, automotive, and medical. The CSIR hosts the Titanium Centre of Competence.
Dr Botes notes that rare metals are understood as part of something – such as a cell phone. They also form part of a larger ecosystem: “Materials (including metals) are the pillar upon which most manufacturing is built…” She advocates more work with design engineers who predominantly use steel when so many other materials are available.
REE are used in batteries and Dr Mesfin Kebede focused on lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Dr Kebede is a Principal Researcher: Energy Centre, CSIR. He spoke on ‘The Transition Metals (Manganese, Titanium, etc) for Energy Storage Application’. There is a high availability of these minerals in South Africa. LIBs are used in the automotive industry (consider electric vehicles) and for renewable battery storage, among other things.
Potential futures of mining for 4IR
Mr van der Woude notes that mining’s future lies in new deposits of ‘exotics’ (such as REE where the global demand is expected to rise) and finding new uses for general mining materials. Other areas include:
· The circular economy with the 3Rs: recover, recycle and reuse
· Subsea mining
· Mining of asteroids
It is also of use to look at the report commissioned by the German Mineral Resources Agency at the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Berlin. Dr Botes says that with Germany depending on metal imports, they examined key and emerging technologies (across industries) and the potential demand for associated raw materials. This assists with estimating long-term price and supply risks. Dr Botes says this can be used as a guideline for South Africa. (See slide 25.)
Impact of 4IR on the mining industry
Accelerated digitalisation heralds exciting changes in mining. Mr van der Woude sees a move to where a great number of activities are driven from inside an office. According to Deloitte, future mining technologies include:
· Digital capturing of information
· Autonomous equipment such as driverless trucks
· Internet of Things (IoT) wearables for capturing real-time data
· Drones (which help with surveying in all types of temperatures)
· Diverse mobile workforce with integrated remote operations
· A digital mine nerve centre with controlled, safe and healthy conditions and data-driven insights for improved planning control and decision support
Dr Botes says there are also new manufacturing technologies. These include: additive manufacturing, collaborative robots (robots designed to work alongside humans), and smart manufacturing (to improve productivity and efficiency).
New frontiers – a centralised refinery for South Africa?
Dr Kruger says that, currently, China possesses 40% of global REE reserves and produces over 80% of the global REE. China’s dominance has an overriding impact on prices, for example, just by changing export quotas.
Because of this, Dr Kruger says that the world is looking for alternative sources of supply. Currently there are two non-Chinese world-class REE refineries: Lynas and Molycorp. Dr Kruger believes there is a gap for South Africa. The real value of REEs lies in physically separating these elements from each other. REEs are found in mixed deposits and not individually and concentrated like gold ore. The REE deposits typically include radioactive elements.
He proposes a centralised refinery where South Africa takes deposits from other countries for processing. (South Africa does not have enough deposits to sustain the refinery and to make it globally competitive.) He says that South Africa has the ability to transport, dispose and store radioactive waste. Not every country can do this. Further to this, South Africa has the expertise as Mintek has been conducting commercial work and R&D on every REE project on the globe (except China).
Governance around mining
Mr Sahlulele Luzipo, then-Chair of the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee (PPC) on Mineral Resources, presented on ‘Benefits to the economy vs harm to communities and environment? Stimulating beneficiation?’. The PPC role is to lead public oversight of the Minister of Mineral Resources and the Department. This looks at whether laws are being implemented and budget spent responsibly.
Mining is seen as the cornerstone of the economy of South Africa, contributing R400-billion. South Africa needs to make the most of its mineral resources – for the benefit of all South Africans.
There is also a need to look at the harm around mining regarding communities and the environment. Mr Luzipo says that South Africa needs a clear proactive strategy and risk qualifications on mine closures. We should not be dealing with disasters as they happen.
One of the issues is that mines often change hands at different phases and this leads to a lack of responsibility. Furthermore, there should be increased legislation or enforcement around management and process (as has been done with diamonds).
The above links to illegal mining and its lack of safety and impact on ground stability. Illegal mining and the ‘zamazamas’ (illegal miners) have grown in criminality, as well as supporting industries such as food trucks. This is just one of the issues showing the need for collaboration between government entities. For example, beyond the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR), the Department of Water and Sanitation and police should be involved.
Mining is an extraction industry. This means it’s impossible to bring back to the soil exactly what was taken out. However, says Mr Luzipo, we need to see what can work with the soil. Mines range from very neglected to those running effectively – with ongoing rehabilitation and a mining area returned to productive agriculture.
He says, in his experience, Social and Labour Plans are not implemented. This results in appalling conditions where communities are left in poverty and there has been no environmental rehabilitation. According to the South African Human Rights Commission, neither the environmental nor the community/public benefit aspects of the laws that apply to mines are being effectively enforced by government.
Mr Luzipo says that the system around mining rights and permits could be redesigned – where businesses with the best motivations around community beneficiaries and socio-economic development plans are given the rights.
South Africa also needs to consider the limits to parliamentary oversight. There is limited manpower and capacity, as well as limited time assigned to meetings. Furthermore, the parliament budget is determined by the institutions that are monitored ie the DMR.
Media Release: Finding a path through the maze – the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Posted by Lynette Pieterse on Monday, 25 February 2019 17:50
Finding a path through the maze – the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Implications of the 4th Industrial Revolution for SET, industry, society and education #4IRsciZA
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) feels like the ghost in the machine. We have a sense about it. We know it’s coming or may already be here. It seems to be all around us. However, there isn’t a common understanding of what 4IR actually means.
The National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) held an NSTF Discussion Forum on ‘Implications of the 4th Industrial Revolution for SET, industry, society and education’. The event was held in Cape Town from 11-13 September 2018. It ran alongside the Innovation Summit. The aim was to unpack some of the issues around 4IR, with reference to science, engineering, technology (SET) and innovation.
So what is 4IR?
There are many names and definitions for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). 4IR is the naming convention used for this article as it’s a widely-communicated definition from the World Economic Forum (WEF).
WEF positions the First Industrial Revolution to be that of mechanisation and steam and water power. The Second Industrial Revolution looks at mass production, division of labour, assembly lines, and electricity. The third is seen as electronics, ICT, and automated production.
One of the National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) functions is to hold discussion forums, bringing the private and public sector together to address important issues and engage with government policy.
Feedback from these discussion forums is given to stakeholders.
Recommendations are put forward to government as part of the SET community’s lobbying efforts.
Source: World Economic Forum
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is about the emergence of cyber-physical systems, network and artificial intelligence (AI). Cyber-physical systems involve new ways of embedding technology within larger societies, communities, and even in the human body.
Presenting at the NSTF Discussion Forum, Garth Williams says the dominant narrative is the convergence of technologies and convergence of the physical, digital and biological space. Williams is a Research Specialist: Intelligence at the Technology Innovation Agency (TIA), who previously worked at the Department of Science and Technology (DST). He presented in his own capacity.
There is debate around whether what is happening is, actually, the Fourth Industrial Revolution. There are numerous frameworks available, ranging from this being an extension of the Third Industrial Revolution to Society 5.0. However, we need a name relevant to South Africa.
Is it the name or the aim?
Williams says focusing on what a country wants to achieve is more important than emphasising the name. Across the world, aims and objectives range from improving competitiveness and developing 4.0 technologies to enhancing digital start-ups and ecosystems.
Let’s consider South Africa’s objectives. Williams says this is an emergent process with various research and policies, such as the National development Plan (NDP), outlining the challenges. An overarching NDP aim is to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality while advancing the economy and increasing South Africa’s competitiveness.
Williams’ message is ‘Don’t use technology just for technology’s sake’. It needs to be part of a larger context.
Looking at the 4IR technologies
There are numerous technologies associated with 4IR, and they come with a lot of jargon. Following are some of the technologies:
Autonomous robots and vehicles
The Internet of Things (IoT)
Cyber security, fraud detection, and authentication
Additive manufacturing (3D printing)
Big Data and advanced analytics
Augmented reality, virtual reality, and wearables
Edge and cloud computing
Smart mobile devices
Blockchain technologies (which is part of how bitcoin works)
Advanced human-machine interfaces
High bandwidth networks
Smart and internet-worked sensors
Impact on economic development
Williams notes that sustainable economic growth relies on productivity growth which is driven by technological change. Furthermore, “key breakthroughs… have underpinned surges in society and the economy”.
For South Africa to catch up and become truly competitive, there are various factors that need to be considered:
We need to take the opportunities available in 4IR that are appropriate for South Africa. Williams specifically notes focusing on indigenous challenges and opportunities. Part of this is using 4IR technologies to create industries for processing raw materials (as opposed to sending raw materials out and buying the manufactured products back). Dr Fisseha Mekuria, Chief Research Scientist from the Council for Scientific and Industrial (CSIR) Meraka ICT Institute, says that connectivity (to the internet) is critical for making the most of opportunities. However, it needs to be affordable to ensure social inclusion for all South Africans.
South Africa needs to do its own R&D on technologies and also manage (assimilate and adapt) inbound technologies. An example of this is some of the work done in scientific computing at the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Africa. NSTF Discussion Forum presenter, Mr Simon Ratcliffe, is the Technical Lead for Scientific Computing at the SKA. He explains that at various times they had to build their own hardware from scratch or re-engineer. Data storage was developed and manufactured locally, showing how SKA can seed other industries. The homegrown solutions meant not having to use expensive overseas resources nor paying for expensive software licences. Mr Ratcliffe says that the democratisation of tools (ie the access to open source tools) was a key enabling factor.
Part of 4IR is building people’s capabilities and skills around technology. Dr Tshiamo Motshegwa notes that we need to think about skills that make us relevant in the future. (He is from the Computer Science faculty, University of Botswana. He also represents the Southern African Development Community – SADC – Cyber Infrastructure Expert Working Group.) The 4IR technologies noted above are a guide to some of the future skills needed.
Digital transformation and disruptive technologies
Dr Motshegwa explained that digital transformation is about the outcomes achieved when entities, such as businesses, fully leverage the changes and opportunities that digital technologies bring.
Digital disruption refers to the changes that occur when new digital technologies and business models impact an entity’s value proposition (offering), market position, and competitiveness. Examples include Uber shaking up the taxi industry and Airbnb changing the hotel industry. Other industries and sectors that have been significantly changed by 4IR technologies are: bookstores, print advertising, music, and photography.
These definitions of digital transformation and disruption are based on those from the Learning Experience, Cisco Networking Academy. Note that other definitions and meanings also exist.
Reacting to 4IR
There is a lot of anxiety around 4IR. One example is ‘technology singularity’. This represents the time when machines and AI are so advanced, they surpass humans as the smartest and most capable beings on Earth. For many people, there is a more immediate concern – all signs point to 4IR technologies driving job losses as ‘machines’ take over jobs. Current thinking envisages rote and routine jobs as being the most vulnerable.
There will most probably be job losses, especially in the low-skilled sectors, says Prof Babu Paul. He is the Director, Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Johannesburg. Further to that job creation will probably not match job losses, plus the nature of current jobs will evolve. This means education becomes critical, as does reskilling and upskilling. A national dialogue is needed.
Williams says we have a choice, collectively and individually. It isn’t an ‘either/or’ ie being led by technology versus society defining the way. He sees society and technology as co-evolving, where technology is embedded in society. South Africans need to shape their own future, including taking measures to prevent widening inequality and deepening poverty.
South Africa and 4IR
South Africa has plans around 4IR. Williams says these include a government-wide 4IR Country Strategy and Action Plan. It will be led by the Department of Telecommunications and Postal Services (DTPS) and supported by DST and the Department of Trade and Industry (the dti). The group will report to The Presidency. It is looking at various thematic areas:
Digital society, ICT policy, and regulatory and legislative reforms
Innovation, research, and development
Economic policy and inclusive growth
Industrial restructuring and trade
Labour market restructuring
Education and skills development
Transforming government and service delivery
Science, technology and innovation initiatives will be led by the DST, informing the national strategy and aligned with DST strategies, policies and plans. The department will be supported by TIA, Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), National Advisory Council on Innovation (NACI), and CSIR.
Ms Nontombi Marule-Director: Innovation and Technology Policy, the dti, notes the regulatory implications for 4IR need to be managed. This is not a simple matter due to the fast-changing pace of technology advances, technology disruption, and the extensive impact on systems. She says that a paradigm shift is needed, such as policy and regulation that is futuristic and agile.
Dr Mekuria advocates strongly for technology test beds as part of evidence-based research to inform decision making. Test beds are “crucial platforms to perform a controlled testing of relevant 4IR use cases before introduction commercially”.
Implications of 4IR for industry
NSTF Discussion Forum presenter, Dr Nimrod Zalk from the dti, says that there have been no cases of successful catch-up by developing countries with advanced economies without industrialisation. Furthermore, successful industrialisation has to have an industrial policy. Countries best placed to benefit from 4IR are those with an established industrial base.
Dr Zalk sees 4IR, specifically technological change, as “often more evolution than revolution”. Various 4IR technologies aren’t that new (for example, robotics and additive manufacturing). It has just taken a long time for the technology to spread. He suggests integrating 4IR considerations into organisational, sector, and industrial strategies rather than ‘dropping everything’ for the 4IR.
In terms of industry opportunities around 4IR, Dr Zalk provides the automotive-mining nexus as an example. With the global shift to electric vehicles, there is a reduced need for fossil fuels. However, this shift means an increased demand for platinum group metals (PGM) minerals. He says that South Africa needs to be in at the start with developing new sources of demand for PGMs.
Collaboration and partnerships – including a regional perspective
For South Africa, Williams notes that the overriding aim is to tackle big societal problems such as high youth unemployment and water scarcity. This is a multi-disciplinary endeavour and that means partnerships. The issues also straddle the mandates of various government departments. This means more collaboration between traditionally-siloed government departments.
We need collaboration and integration at all levels so we can all benefit. This is the message from SADC’s Dr Motshegwa. To move forward with regional 4IR strategies, we need alignment with the various regional and national policies. We need to invest in supporting infrastructure and human capital development and skills for regional collaboration.
The importance of Big Data
The general definition of Big Data describes large volumes of structured and unstructured data that can be mined for information. How we use this data (analysis and interpretation) can reveal patterns and trends, and more. Dr Motshegwa says we need to share data, and that includes data from government departments.
Dr Motshegwa notes the emerging policy consensus of FAIR data – findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. He explains that FAIR data is extremely important within the SET and innovation environment. Considering that research data is publicly funded it should automatically be a public asset. Open research data also provides the evidence, allowing for reproducibility and self-correction while reducing replication.
Open data practices have transformed certain areas of research, such as genomics and astronomy. Furthermore, research data often have considerable potential for reuse and reinterpretation. All this fosters innovation and accelerates scientific discovery.
How does the smart city fit into all of this?
According to Prof Babu Paul, the Smart City uses smart technology and Big Data, for example, to improve quality and performance in services (energy, transportation and utilities). This can reduce resource consumption, waste, and overall costs. Prof Paul is the Director, Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Johannesburg.
Components of a smart city include: smart manufacturing, smart government, WiFi, digital citizens, open data, smart agriculture, smart buildings, smart energy grids, smart waste management and other utilities, and smart transport.
Examples of potential smart city job titles of the future are: urban informatics analyst, energy efficiency engineer, autonomous transport technician, virtual reality technician, and cybersecurity officer.
Finding clarity
There was much discussion around the presentations. Following are some of the points raised:
There needs to be a common understanding, definition, and standards for 4IR – specific to the South African context. Information needs to be clear and practical and cover the entire ecosystem. There should also be clear communication about the limitations, potential harm, and ethics with the various 4IR issues.
The process of coordination and collaboration for 4IR needs to be made clear to all. Individuals and entities should be able to ‘plug into’ the larger coordinated structure. The SET community need specific goals and actions around 4IR. These should include real-life examples rather than conceptual terminology.
Speakers can be contacted through the spokesperson, Ms Jansie Niehaus.
Video clips with the full presentations can be found on the NSTF website.
Last updated Monday, 25 February 2019 15:50
SAIMechE Elects First Female President
Posted by Lynette Pieterse on Friday, 19 October 2018 10:57
The South African Institution for Mechanical Engineers (SAIMechE) recently voted in their new National Council members for the 2018-2020 session at their AGM on 8 August 2018, electing Prof Debby Blaine as their new President. Debby is an Associate-Professor at Stellenbosch University, in the Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering.
See the attachment for more information.
PressReleaseSeptember2018.docx 93.4K 19 Oct 18 08:52
Last updated Friday, 19 October 2018 08:57
Winners of the 2017/2018 NSTF-South32 Awards
The NSTF-South32 Awards were held at a prestigious Gala Dinner in Gauteng on Thursday, 28 June 2018. This is the 20th anniversary celebration of the flagship project of the National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF). To celebrate the event, tributes were made to the 204 NSTF Awards recipients (since 1998) and a special anniversary award to Dr Xolani Humphrey Mkhwanazi.
Outstanding contributions to science, engineering and technology (SET) and innovation were awarded and celebrated in the following broad areas under 13 categories:
Management and related activities
Capacity development in engineering research
Environmental sustainability and biodiversity conservation
Water research and innovation
Data management and stewardship
Technology transfer, as well as education and training
Sustainable energy for all (special annual theme award in recognition of the International Decade of Sustainable Energy for All (#SEforAll) declared by the United Nations)
SA needs to develop new products, technologies and services: As previously stated by the previous Minister of Science and Technology, Mrs Naledi Pandor, South Africa’s science mission is to create wealth thus creating jobs and eradicating poverty. Its success depends on our ability as a nation to develop new products, technologies and services.
About the NSTF and the awards: The NSTF is the most representative multi-stakeholder non-profit forum in South Africa promoting SET and innovation. The NSTF-South32 Awards showcase the research and development capacity of our nation. The excellence of the winners supports to South Africa’s advancement and the social upliftment of our people.
Why are these awards different? The national NSTF-South32 Awards are the largest SET and innovation awards in South Africa. They are known as the ‘Science Oscars’ and were the first science awards in the country. The focus is on spreading information about SET to the public, which includes the year-long engagement programme with students and learners called ‘Share ‘n Dare’. The NSTF Brilliants Programme recognises the outstanding matric performers in mathematics and physical science, exposing them to the SET network and future opportunities.
Award winners: The awards were presented by the Honourable Minister of Science and Technology, Ms Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane, who is the event’s patron. She celebrated along with almost 700 guests and over 50 different organisations from the broader community. It is an honour to be nominated, it is an outstanding achievement to reach the finals and an exceptional milestone and celebration of excellence to win one of these awards.
Ms Jansie Niehaus
NSTF Executive Director and Spokesperson
The NSTF and its sponsors congratulate the 2017/2018 NSTF-South32 Award winners.
Ukhozi Award
an essential contribution to the NSTF and the NSTF Awards (in celebration of the 20th anniversary of the NSTF Awards)
Dr Xolani Humphrey Mkhwanazi
Director and Chairman: Phathela Investments (Pty) Ltd; Vice-Chairman: Public Investment Corporation; Chancellor: Vaal University of Technology; Chairman: Central Energy Fund; and Non-Executive Director: South32, Gibela, and Murray & Roberts
(by an individual over 15 years or more)
Prof Kevin Wall
Independent Consultant; and Extraordinary Professor: Department (Dept) of Construction Economics, University of Pretoria (UP)
TW Kambule-NSTF Award: Researcher
through research and its outputs (by an individual up to 15 years as a researcher predominantly in South Africa)
Prof Etheresia (Resia) Pretorius
Head: Dept of Physiological Sciences; Director: Applied Morphology Research Centre, Dept of Physiology, Stellenbosch University (SU)
TW Kambule-NSTF Award: Emerging researcher
through research and its outputs (by an individual up to 6 years in research predominantly in South Africa)
Mrs Wendy Collinson
Project Executant: Wildlife and Roads Project, Endangered Wildlife Trust
Dr Musa Manzi
Senior Researcher and Director: Seismic Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits)
through management and related SET and innovation activities (by an individual over the last 5-10 years)
Prof Stephen Tollman
Research Professor and Head: Division of Health and Population, Faculty of Health Sciences; Director: South African Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, Wits; Principal Scientist: International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations and their Health, Ghana
(by an individual over the last 5 to 10 years) Sponsored by Eskom since 2003
Prof Mmantsae Diale
Associate Professor: Dept of Physics, UP
Prof Ian Jandrell
Personal Professor: School of Electrical and Information Engineering; Executive Dean: Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment; Joint leader: High Voltage and the Lightning/Electromagnetic Compatibility Research Group, Wits
NSTF-GreenMatter Award
towards achieving biodiversity conservation, environmental sustainability and a greener economy (by an individual or an organisation over the last 5 to 10 years)
Sponsored by GreenMatter since 2015
Prof Malik Maaza
Senior Scientist: National Research Foundation Nanosciences LABS, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa; Chair: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Africa (UNESCO)
towards achieving sustainable water management, knowledge generation and solutions with demonstrated leadership and impact (by an individual or an organisation over the last 5 to 10 years)
Prof Leslie Petrik
Professor: Dept of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape
for advancing the availability, management and use of data for research (by an individual or an organisation)
South African Social Attitudes Survey (SASAS)
Coordinator: Mr Benjamin Roberts, Human Sciences Research Council
Innovation Award: Corporate Organisation
for innovations and their research and/or development (by a team or an individual over the last 5 to 10 years)
Sponsored by the Department of Trade and Industry
Prof Keolebogile Motaung
Founder: Global Health Biotech (Pty) Ltd; and Assistant Dean: Postgraduate Studies, Research, Innovation and Engagement, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology
Innovation Award: Small, Medium and Micro Enterprise (SMME)
SUN Magnetics (Pty) Ltd
Director: Prof Coenraad Fourie; and Professor: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, SU
for outreach and creating awareness (by a team or individual over the last 5 years)
University of Pretoria Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control (UP ISMC)
Director: Prof Christiaan (Tiaan) de Jager; and Dean: Faculty of Health Sciences
Professor: Environmental Health, School of Health Systems and Public Health, UP
Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) Award
including technology transfer, and education and training activities (over the last 5 to 10 years)
The Platinum Incubator
Chief Executive Officer: Ms Sibongile Purity Shongwe
Special Annual Theme Award: Sustainable Energy for All
(in recognition of the United Nations ‘International Decade of Sustainable Energy for All’)
Prof Harald Winkler
Director: Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town
Partners and sponsors:
South32 (co-branding sponsor)
Business Report and Mail & Guardian (media sponsor)
Eskom, GreenMatter, Water Research Commission, Department of Trade and Industry (category sponsor)
South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) and South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO) – (supporting the Brilliants tour)
Department of Science and Technology (platinum sponsor)
The Carl & Emily Fuchs Foundation (youth outreach sponsor)
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (gold sponsor)
proSET, a sector of the NSTF representing professional bodies (prize sponsor)
Media Release: SA’s path to sustainable energy for all #SEforAll
Posted by Lynette Pieterse on Friday, 4 May 2018 12:46
SA’s path to sustainable energy for all
‘Sustainable energy for all’ can seem like a fanciful bumper sticker. Is it even possible? How does one begin to address it?
Climate change consequences have forced decision making and driven society to take on global goals to ensure the survival of earth’s inhabitants. And the goals are intertwined with one impacting on the other.
‘Affordable and clean energy’ is number 7 of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It’s the UN’s ‘International Decade of Sustainable Energy for All’ currently. There is also ‘Sustainable Energy for All’ (SEforALL), a global non-profit organisation launched by former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.
Need for ongoing national discussion forum
The topic and the goal are immense – whether one considers it on a global or national level. It’s transdisciplinary and cuts across industries.
There is also an emphasis on developing partnerships to tackle the challenge. At the same time, science, engineering and technology (SET) are positioned as key to finding solutions.
Consequently, the National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) held a Discussion Forum on ‘Sustainable Energy for All in South Africa’. It ran from 16-17 April 2018 in Gauteng.
NDP’s low-carbon economy
As part of the National Development Plan’s (NDP) aims to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality by 2030, a low carbon future is positioned as the only realistic option. While the NDP presents an integrated energy sector with adequate investment in infrastructure, it recognises that trade-offs must come into play.
The integrated and diversified energy sector must support economic growth through job creation, export, and R&D for competitive advantage. The focus is on environmental sustainability and climate change mitigation but this is balanced with supply security, safety, affordability, and access. These remain relevant in today’s context. While historically policies have focused on minerals and energy, renewable energy is now an integral part of SA’s energy mix.
Policy context
South Africa is a signatory to the Paris (COP21) Agreement 2016 – which aims to reduce global warming through each country’s actions – explains Dr Rebecca Maserumule, Chief Director: Hydrogen and Energy at the National Department of Science and Technology (DST). In her presentation, she notes that South Africa’s guiding frameworks include:
· The NDP with its focus on investments in energy infrastructure, affordable tariffs for needy households, and diversifying energy resources and supply options.
· The National Climate Change Response Strategy for long-term mitigation scenarios.
· The Industrial Policy Action Plan (IPAP) with its focus on re-industrialisation, support for local beneficiation, and local manufacturing.
· The National Energy Act and universal access to modern forms of energy services, energy security through guaranteed supply, optimal use of economically-viable energy resources, and addressing constraints on the renewable industry. This includes the Integrated Energy Plan (IEP) and the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP). The latter aims for 42% of electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030.
Research focus areas include clean coal technologies, nuclear energy, renewable energy (eg solar, biofuels, and wind), energy efficiency and energy demand management, and hydrogen and fuel cells research. In most cases, says Dr Maserumule, the research has been in place for over a decade through partnerships with key research institutions.
Systems around sustainable energy
One of the ways to understand sustainable energy is to look at its impacts in various areas. Prof Sanette Marx, DST/National Research Foundation Research (NRF) Chair in Biofuels at North West University, considers three areas: environmental impact, economic impact, and social impact. We can consider something sustainable when it’s equitable, viable, and socially and environmentally acceptable.
Broader definition of energy poverty
Prof Roula Inglesi-Lotz, Associate Professor from the University of Pretoria, questions whether energy poverty is only lack of access? Energy poverty impacts not only on lighting – consider heating, cooking, and communications. Access to the latter has a knock-on effect because it affects knowledge transfer such as with internet access.
She presents the following definition: “…the absence of sufficient choice in accessing adequate, affordable, reliable, high-quality, safe and environmentally benign energy services to support economic and human development” (Reddy, 2000). She notes that the definition acknowledges the absence of choice and the role of affordable and adequate technology.
Renewable energy in waste
SA continues to innovate in the renewable energy space. Take the work done by IDEAS – the Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability – at UNISA.
Using a transdisciplinary approach, the research focuses on environmentally-responsible chemical conversion technologies, with particular emphasis on sustainable and flexible small-scale solutions and using surplus and underused resources (such as municipal waste and sewerage). This is waste as a resource, not a health hazard.
Clean energy in organic waste
Consider a rural family who cooks on a two-plate stove for 2 hours a day (at simmer) and heats up 40 litres/day water to 50⁰C. One cow, with the family’s human waste, could supply this energy.
Prof Diane Hildebrandt, Director of IDEAS, explains that they have developed small-scale anaerobic biodigesters. These are basically large double-walled bags where you feed in organic waste and slurry comes out on the other end. The slurry overflow has no smell and can be used as a fertiliser. The biodigesters produce biogas while removing pathogens from waste (with consequent reduced health risks). IDEAS is developing a business case to show employment benefits, as well as cost reduction for immediate users and the municipality.
Developing clean coal technologies
Coal is not environmentally acceptable as such, but we can make it so through clean coal technologies, says Prof Sanette Marx. One of her research areas is hydrothermal liquefaction – a method to produce biochar for creating cleaner coal. The first patent and pilot plant occurred in 2016/17.
Prof Rosemary Falcon, currently a Director of the Fossil Fuel Foundation, was the SARChI (South African Research) Chair in Clean Coal Technology at Wits University until she retired last year. She and Dr Samson Bada are part of the DST-NRF SARChI Clean Coal Technology Research group. Part of this is the High Efficiency and Low Emissions (HELE) Programme. It looks at options for environmentally-responsible use of coal.
· SA is the 7th largest producer of coal in the world and the 7th largest exporter.
· Coal accounts for the highest foreign exchange earnings in SA since 2011.
· It’s the largest mining income earner, beating gold, platinum and diamonds.
· There are over 255 000 direct employees in coal-related industries. It also supports most major towns in Mpumalanga, Limpopo and some in KZN.
(DST-NRF SARChI Clean Coal Technology Research group)
What about shale gas?
Over the past few years, there has been a lot of debate around drilling for shale gas and its environmental impact. Research from the DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Integrated Mineral and Energy Resource Analysis (CIMERA), University of Johannesburg, looks at ‘Questioning the existence of an economic producible shale gas resource in the southern Main Karoo Basin based on results of the CIMERA-Karin drilling project’.
One of the aims was to establish the maturity and shale gas potential by direct measurements of gas content. Prof Nicolas Beukes explains that nothing like this had been done before. Everything previously had been speculation including shale gas estimates.
After the CIMERA-KARIN Drilling Project with the first true gas measurements, very little to no gas was detected. The conclusion is that shale gas potential looks to be much lower than initially estimated. There are some provisos, such as the project not specifically targeting ‘sweet spots’.
Prof Beukes explains that we need to do the science first. We need to answer the question of whether South Africa actually has an economically viable shale gas resource. This will avoid unnecessary environmental concerns and legal battles.
Models for SA’s energy mix?
The CSIR Energy Centre has been developing models for SA’s energy mix. Currently, energy is coal dominated with end use being 25% transport, 25% electricity and 50% heating and cooling.
CSIR’s Mr Jarrad Wright explains that globally there have been significant cost reductions in renewable energy. Solar PV technology and wind technology, for example, have now become cost competitive. Focusing on electricity, Wright showed that – whether there is a high or low demand forecast for South Africa – there is a gap. This needs to be filled in the least-cost manner and with a reliable and flexible energy supply.
Three scenarios were presented:
· The Draft IRP 2016 Base Case sees the energy mix as ⅓ coal, ⅓ nuclear, and ⅓ renewable energy.
· The Draft IRP 2016 Carbon Budget Case sees nuclear energy take a 40% share by 2050.
· The Least Cost Case is largely based on wind and solar PV complemented by flexibility (including existing coal, new gas, hydro and concentrated solar power). This case deploys considerable solar PV and wind – and flexibility – with no new investments in coal or nuclear capacity. The scenario includes a managed system of energy supply.
Speakers that addressed the forum can be contacted through the spokesperson, Ms Jansie Niehaus.
Video clips with the full presentations and discussion can be found on the NSTF web site.
Media Release: Evidence for climate change #Evidence4ClimateChange
Posted by Lynette Pieterse on Thursday, 30 November 2017 13:44
Show me the evidence for climate change
Communicating science in a post-truth world
Living in the age of ‘post-truth’ means emotional appeals are more influential than objective facts. Post-truth discourse has become so normalised that Oxford Dictionaries declared ‘post-truth’ to be 2016’s international word of the year.
No doubt it’s positive to embrace different viewpoints. This allows us to engage is an inclusive manner and build common understanding. However, it creates a complex tension when communicating about science. Especially when the terminology of science, engineering, and technology (SET) is not necessarily understood by the public.
How does one show evidence-based facts in a post-truth, fake news, multiple perspective world? If the public is to learn from scientists, the SET community needs to speak more plainly and clearly.
This comes to the fore with climate change. Making the science clear is an ongoing process and those involved continue to learn and drive the messages around climate change. The SET community can learn from the outcomes.
· One of the National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) functions is to hold discussion forums, bringing the private and public sector together to make connections.
· Feedback from these discussion forums is given to stakeholders, including government.
Prof Robert Scholes explained how the current evidence is positioned in his presentation on ‘Show us the evidence for climate change’ at the NSTF Discussion Forum on 17 November 2017 in Gauteng.
Present agreed-upon facts – understanding climate
There is consensus among scientists around general climate dynamics. The climate is a complex system with feedbacks, non-linearity, and inertia.
It has behaviours and variations internal to the system, occurring across different periods of time from days to eons. There are also external forces that are natural in origin (such as small predictable variations in the earth’s elliptical orbit around the sun).
About Prof Robert Scholes
Prof Scholes is one of the top 1% of environmental scientists globally and recognised as a leading researcher within environmental science, systems ecology, savannah ecology, and global change. He is also one of South Africa’s few National Research Foundation A-rated scientists. In 2015, Prof Scholes received an NSTF-South32 award for his contribution to science over a lifetime.
Collecting and processing climate data
The ‘rigorous’ records of climate go back to the beginning of the 20th century. This represents tens of thousands of weather stations’ data for land, with equivalent data for oceans (from ship logs).
Analysis of this vast data set needs to account for various potential biases, such as uneven spatial representation and changes in instruments. In plain speak, there were cases of lots of data from some areas and less data from other areas. This could create misrepresentation in the outcomes unless robust well-tested methods are used to fill the gaps. Scholes explains that analysis has not been about “taking an average” of all the data over time.
Analysis of the data – presenting ‘warming planet’ outcome
The data analysis showed that warming has been observed nearly everywhere over the 20th century. Rainfall trends are weaker and less consistent because rainfall is inherently a more local phenomenon. (See the Synthesis Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – IPCC.)
Managing criticism – showing data is robust
The interpretation of the data set came in for a lot of criticism by sceptics in the SET community and vested interest groups, particularly in the USA. Most of the debate was around the processes applied to make the raw data comparable. Had these processes been manipulated to gain a specific result?
The critics took the same data and then used different scientific methodologies. Their results were qualitatively the same as the original outcomes, with little varying detail: the world has warmed, virtually everywhere, at an accelerating rate over the period of record. In other words, the conclusions are robust, independent of method. (For further info, see the Hockey Stick Controversy.)
Acknowledging uncertainties vs providing facts
Good scientists are careful people. They check and recheck their results, and then let other people check their results. Scientists are obligated to follow rules of evidence, including acknowledging uncertainties. This is often confusing for the layperson as it means a lot of the information comes with ‘ifs and buts’.
The IPCC has focused on how to communicate uncertainty in a clear way, using words which are reserved for that purpose only. Scholes says that the IPCC guidelines note that phrases such as ‘with high certainty’ have an exact defined meaning, and accompany all high-level statements.
The public, unused to the concept of scientific uncertainty, can interpret this as the scientists being less confident than they actually are. Or less sure than lay people who never qualify their statements with confidence terms. Scientists must learn how to deal with this while communicating clearly and accurately. Is it the SET community’s responsibility to explain the scientific process of acknowledging uncertainty? Or does the public need to make more effort to understand the concept?
Detection, attribution, and impact – differentiating natural from human causes
Consider that we have a time series of climate observations. The first stage is change detection – is something unusual happening? Has there been a statistically significant change in the system?
The next stage is attribution – do we have reasonable statistical confidence that we know why this change has occurred (80-100% certainty)? Is it accounted for by natural variation, or is there a human-attributable effect as well? Attribution is a more challenging and complex problem because there are usually many causes to any observed effect.
Scientists have been able to exclude known causes of climate variation (such as solar and orbital variation, and volcanoes). There is also positive correlation between climate trends with suggested human-induced causes, specifically greenhouse gas concentrations, a necessary but not sufficient condition for establishing the cause.
More than 30 groups worldwide have run global climate simulations, providing a reconstruction of what has been observed and an explanation of what has happened. Scholes says they were able to apportion cause to various sources, including anthropogenic (caused by humans) versus natural, and the natural variation only accounts for a small fraction of the total. While there is debate around details, the human influence on climate has been proven.
The focus is now on the impact of climate change and what can be done about it. Climate change-related impacts have been detected worldwide in almost every area, from biodiversity and food security to water resources. Attribution specifically to human-caused climate change is work in progress in many cases.
A common question is around whether an extreme weather event (like a tornado or tropical storm) can be attributed to climate change. Because climate is the statistical average of weather, Scholes says it’s hard to say any singular event is due to climate change. It needs a sequence of such events to be confidently classed as change. Since extreme events are – by definition – rare, this needs a long record – hundreds of years – to say with high confidence. Currently we don’t have long enough records to make this claim.
Is a source trustworthy?
How can the public assess the validity of claims when they receive conflicting information? Scholes sees scientists as brokers in this process. He says it’s about showing people how to separate the legitimate from the misguided, mischievous, and malicious.
Following are Scholes’ guiding questions:
· Does the source of information have qualifications and a track record in the specific field they are commenting on? Several denialists have apparently high credentials or have positions of note but, if you look at their area of research, it isn’t within the debate domain.
· Do they offer verifiable evidence, or just assertions? Do they publish in peer-reviewed journals? You need to find out if the data is in the public domain and in peer-reviewed journals. Self-references, websites, newspaper articles, and untraceable references are not considered verifiable evidence.
· Do they repeat long-disproven claims and conspiracy theories? Climate denialists tend to stick to their message regardless of the strength of evidence refuting it.
Scholes explained that there is now a move to use ‘deep transdisciplinary’ approaches in order to turn climate concern into action. This sees scientists working with people who have a different epistemology (theory of knowledge or world view). Examples include representatives from various faiths and people involved in indigenous knowledge systems.
The idea is that if you want to affect behavioural change, you need to work within the conceptual framework used by the target community. It also recognises that human decisions rest not only on evidence, but also on beliefs and feelings.
Taking time and effort to sift through information?
Global warming exists and it’s largely caused by human activities. While these fundamentals have been agreed upon, there is still strong debate among scientists around the details of climate change.
There is also lots of ongoing research but this isn’t getting through – across the range of stakeholders including business, civil society, and the public. With the advent of fake news and post-truth, among other things, there is a clear need for people to apply analytical rigour when assessing information. This takes effort and education… so will it actually happen?
An option is to look to reputable entities that already do this sifting work. The IPCC is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change. It was established by the United Nations Environment Programme and the World Meteorological Organization in 1988. It provides a clear scientific view on the current state of knowledge in climate change and its potential environmental and socio-economic impacts, as evaluated by thousands of specialist scientists drawn from all over the world, and subject to careful and transparent review processes. You can’t ask for much more.
Video clips with the full presentations and discussion can be found on the NSTF web site (www.nstf.org.za). Please send information and comments to enquiries@nstf.co.za.
NSTF Media Release: Investigating SET's role in the SDGs
Posted by Lynette Pieterse on Tuesday, 3 October 2017 16:33
Investigating SET’s role in the SDGs
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focus on ending poverty, protecting the planet, and ensuring prosperity for all by 2030. Research and innovation have a role to play, but where, when and how?
First the United Nations organised the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Then came the SDGs, endorsed by South Africa in 2014.
The SDGs can be grouped into five categories, showing alignment with the National Development Plan (NDP) and the African Union’s Agenda 2063
· People (social development)
· Prosperity (economic development)
· Planet (environmental sustainability)
· Peace (peaceful and inclusive societies)
· Partnerships (means of implementation)
The National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) brought stakeholders together for a ‘Research and innovation to support the SDGs’ Discussion Forum. This was held from 4-5 September 2017 in Gauteng. South Africa will be reporting on SDG progress in 2019 and it’s imperative that the science, engineering and technology (SET) community understands its role.
One of the National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) functions is to hold discussion forums, bringing the private and public sector together to make connections.
Feedback from these discussion forums is given to stakeholders, including government.
This event was conceptualised and planned by the NSTF committee of Science Councils and Statutory Bodies representatives
SA baseline measurements: Compared to the MDGs, the SDGs have more goals (from 8 to 17), more indicators/measurements (from 60 to 230), and more targets (from 20 to 169). In his presentation, Statistician-General Pali Lehohla noted that the South African SDG baseline report will be available on Statistics South Africa website on 9 October 2017.
Coordinating role of the Department of Science and Technology (DST): The DST’s Dr Isayvani Naicker says that the DST has a role to play across all the SDGs, particularly around enabling partnerships. This falls in line with the DST mission to develop, coordinate and manage a National System of Innovation. Coordination becomes crucial – What are people doing? Where is the duplication? How can resources be mobilised into the most-needed areas?
SET is seen as enablers for the SDGs: The Presidency is charged with collating and reporting. To reach that point, there is a need for monitoring and evaluation across government departments, business, civil society etc. SET is recognised as an enabler in the successful implementation of the SDGs, and will also help in monitoring and evaluation.
Framework around the science agenda
Of particular note is the presentation by Water Research Commission’s CEO Dhesigen Naidoo.
The WRC has taken core SDGs and reconceptualised them into a framework around the science agenda with the aim of creating an inter-related knowledge agenda.
Another key point is that not all projects will necessarily fit into the SDGs, nor should the goals be regarded as the ultimate aim – if we want SA to thrive, the SDGs must be exceeded.
Mr Lorenzo Raynard from SKA SA explained that it’s important to evaluate projects against the SDGs but it’s not about ticking boxes. There should be meaningful alignment.
A Global Innovation Exchange (GIE) has been created. This is a platform for innovators, funders and experts to connect and share relevant information. This includes connecting with complementary initiatives both online and off. It’s about linking global resources, ease of access, reduced duplication and rapidly deploying the most successful innovations.
Aligned with this, is the South African Sustainable Development Knowledge Hub. It’s in the process of being developed and aims to connect development actors with research and innovations around the SDGs and other African development goals.
Moving from the MDGs to the SDGs: According to the UNDP’s Lindiwe Dhlamini in ‘Integrating agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into regional and national development plans and strategies’, there are 3 fundamental differences between the MDGs and the SDGs:
· The SDGs “include all three dimensions of sustainable development – social, economic and environmental”.
· “The SDGs are complex and integrated, with the integrated approach implying the need to manage trade-offs and maximise synergies across targets.”
· “The SDGs should benefit all – eradicating poverty and reducing inequalities. The promotion and use of disaggregated data cannot be emphasised enough.”
There is a need “to go beyond silos and take an integrated approach to development interventions”. Dhlamini notes that the MDG question focused on which goals lagged and the gaps. The SDGs question is: “What are the actions that will take us forward more quickly across a broader range of interlinked goals?”
The importance of partnerships for the goals (SDG 17): The CSIR’s Dr Lorren Haywood explained that SDG 17 is critical for achieving the other SDGs. However, it is often ranked as the lowest priority. She is part of a team conducting research around collaboration. The ultimate aim is to devise a trans-disciplinary evidence-based approach for establishing and implementing partnership relationships.
The CSIR’s research to date shows five key clusters of actors needed to achieve the SDGs – United Nations (governance and support from an international perspective), government (enabling and monitoring environment), business (implementation), research and development (knowledge, technologies and innovation), and civil society (advocacy and awareness).
Currently there is a lack of partnerships and cooperation between clusters. This is specifically within government (ie between national, provincial and local levels), and between government, the private sector and civil society.
Communication, coordination, collaboration and funding are imperative. It’s clear that there needs to be a lot more communication around the SDGs, aligned funding mechanisms, and coordinating activities (from explanations on monitoring and evaluation to reporting frameworks). There also needs to be a great deal more collaboration around common goals. A centralised facilitation agency was proposed.
The research institutions play a crucial role in achieving the SDGs and NDP. The state’s budget allocation to such institutions should not continually be cut, but rather increased.
Video clips with the full presentations and discussion can be found on the NSTF web site. The NSTF will be reporting back on the SET community’s engagement with the SDGs. Please send information to enquiries@nstf.org.za
Spokesperson: Ms Jansie Niehaus (Executive Director: NSTF)
Speakers that addressed the forum can be contacted through the spokesperson.
Tel: +27 (0)12 841-3987/2632/4995
Fax: +27 (0)12 841-3025
Web site: www.nstf.org.za
Last updated Tuesday, 3 October 2017 14:33
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Does truth really matter to Oscar?
"ZD30" has been under tremendous scrutiny this awards season. But few are quibbling with "Lincoln" and "Argo"
Check out this article! https://www.salon.com/2013/01/18/does_fact_really_matter_to_oscar/
January 18, 2013 10:08PM (UTC)
Oscar voting hasn't even started yet, but "Zero Dark Thirty" has already been through about 15 cycles of backlash. Most recently, director Kathryn Bigelow — surprisingly not nominated for an Oscar this year — defended her work in the pages of the Los Angeles Times.
"On a practical and political level, it does seem illogical to me to make a case against torture by ignoring or denying the role it played in U.S. counter-terrorism policy and practices," Bigelow writes, in response to critiques that the movie overemphasizes the role of torture, that the creators of this work of "reported film" have been spun by the CIA. The disclaimer attached to the film, “Based on Firsthand Accounts of Actual Events," hasn't mollified critics.
Even Ben Affleck, director of best picture competitor "Argo," got in the game, critiquing "Zero Dark Thirty" implicitly by saying that movies are not journalism "unless they say they’re journalism."
Play nice, Ben! We're in the midst of an awards season in which best picture nominees feature runaway slaves rampaging through plantations to effectively end slavery, in which a quasi-allegory of life in South Louisiana features mythical beasts rampaging the landscape.
And yet those films, "Django Unchained" and "Beasts of the Southern Wild," deal with characters who are unambiguously good or unambiguously evil, and with situations that are riffs on the facts that make no pretense to accuracy. Where the trouble comes is with characters with the whiff of ambiguity or -- that dread term -- politics. Though "Argo" and "Lincoln" both take some liberties with the facts, they're about freeing hostages from Iran and about ending slavery, in both cases through heroism. The factual quibbles are about the historiography, not the history -- the outcome was the same, but the importance of the film's heroes is different.
The debate over "Zero Dark Thirty," and whether it valorizes individuals committing evil acts, has more in common with past Oscar debates; Universal Pictures accused other studios of spreading rumors about the accuracy of "A Beautiful Mind" in the 2002 Oscar race. That film's subject, mathematician John Nash, was portrayed on-screen as a heroic genius struggling with mental illness, and left out Nash's supposed bisexuality and anti-Semitic views. "The timing of these latest missives and their orchestration has to be calculated," said Stacey Snider at the time. The same thing happened to best picture front-runner "The King's Speech," the subject of anonymous tips to reporters about King George VI's anti-Semitism.
So far this year, the attacks on "Zero Dark Thirty" seem to come from concerned critics acting independently; the front-runner, "Lincoln," has been dinged for things like Bill Clinton's appearance at the Golden Globes praising the film. ("People realized that [director Steven] Spielberg wants Oscar glory really badly this time, and will cash in any I.O.U.'s," said one Oscar blog before Deadline reported the president's appearance was brokered by Spielberg.) The genius of a film like "Lincoln," in terms of the Oscars, is that it's hard to make a compelling argument about its facts disqualifying it from gold. No one would argue that Lincoln didn't free the slaves -- it's a boringly nuanced debate about degree.
But if you start reading more about the film's failure to address Lincoln gay rumors and the like, you'll know that publicists in Hollywood are scared.
MORE FROM Daniel D'Addario • FOLLOW dpd_
2013 Awards Season 2013 Oscars Anti-semitism Entertainment News Film Lincoln Movies Spielberg Steven Spielberg Zd30 Zero Dark Thirty
Going inside "The Place of No Words"
Synagogue shooting suspect had manifesto
Another shooting and more hypocrisy
Fox News and the synagogue shooter
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Sanofi Announces Q2 2016 Results
Paris, July 29, 2016
Q2 2016 Change Change (CER) H1 2016 Change Change (CER)
IFRS net sales reported €8,143m -5.1% -0.9% €15,926m -4.2% -0.8%
IFRS net income reported €1,158m -11.1% €2,245m -3.4%
IFRS EPS reported €0.90 -10.0% €1.74 -2.2%
Aggregate Company sales(1) €8,868m -4.3% -0.2% €17,411m -3.2% +0.2%
Business net income(2) €1,680m -8.7% -3.3% €3,402m -4.6% 0.0%
Business EPS(2) €1.31 -7.1% -2.1% €2.64 -3.3% +1.5%
Following the announcement of exclusive negotiations with Boehringer Ingelheim and as per the IFRS 5 presentation requirement for discontinued operations, net income for Sanofi's Animal Health business (Merial) will be reported on a separate line ("Net income from the held for exchange Animal Health Business") in the Consolidated Income Statement for Q2 2016 and for H1 2016, and the prior year. Until the closing of the transaction, Sanofi will continue to manage and report the performance of the Animal Health business, which will remain an operating segment consistent with IFRS 8 and be included in the key performance indicators of the Company.
Second quarter financial results and 2016 guidance confirmed
Aggregate Company sales(1) decreased 0.2%(3) (down 4.3% at 2016 exchange rates) to €8,868 million. Excluding Venezuela, Aggregate Company sales grew 1.9%
IFRS EPS reported was down 10.0% to €0.90
Business EPS(2) was down 2.1% at CER to €1.31 and down 7.1% on a reported basis
Sanofi continues to expect 2016 Business EPS(2) to be broadly stable(4) at CER, barring unforeseen major adverse events
Performance of Global Business Units (GBU) led by Sanofi Genzyme
Strong double-digit growth of Sanofi Genzyme (+20.1%) across multiple sclerosis and rare disease franchises
Sanofi Pasteur sales increased +6.3%, despite anticipated supply constraints of Pentacel® in the U.S.
General Medicines & Emerging Markets(5) sales declined 5.6%, or down 1.9% excluding Venezuela.
Diabetes and Cardiovascular sales were down 3.5%. Global diabetes franchise sales declined 3.2%
Animal Health sales were up 9.1% to €725 million, driven by the success of the NexGard® family of products
Aggregate sales in Emerging Markets grew 6.7% excluding Venezuela
Major launches update
Toujeo® generated worldwide sales of €141 million
Praluent® launch advancing globally with approval in Japan and market share improvement in the U.S.
Dengvaxia® uptake delayed by recent political changes and economic volatility in Latin America
Key R&D milestones achieved
Positive CHRONOS data for dupilumab in atopic dermatitis
Adlyxin(TM) (lixisenatide) approved in the U.S.
FDA Advisory Committee recommended approval of LixiLan
Sanofi Chief Executive Officer, Olivier Brandicourt, commented:
"Our second quarter financial performance was in-line with expectations and reflected anticipated headwinds. Sanofi Genzyme grew 20% and Sanofi Pasteur performed well despite a delay in Dengvaxia® uptake. Recent highlights included the signing of the CHC asset swap, the approval of Praluent® in several countries and positive Phase III CHRONOS data for dupilumab. Following our first half performance, we confirm our broadly stable 2016 Business EPS guidance at CER."
(1) Including Merial (see Appendix 10 for definition of Aggregate Company sales) which is reported on a single line in the consolidated income statements in accordance with IFRS 5 (Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations). Additionally, Sanofi comments include Merial for every income statement line using the term "Aggregate"; (2) In order to facilitate an understanding of operational performance, Sanofi comments on the business net income statement. Business net income is a non-GAAP financial measure (see Appendix 10 for definitions). The consolidated income statement for Q2 2016 and H1 2016 is provided in Appendix 4 and a reconciliation of business net income to IFRS net income reported is set forth in Appendix 3; (3) Percentage changes in net sales and Aggregate sales are expressed at constant exchange rates (CER) unless otherwise indicated (see Appendix 10); (4) 2015 Business EPS was €5.64;(5) See page 8
Investor Relations: (+) 33 1 53 77 45 45 - E-mail: IR@sanofi.com - Media Relations: (+) 33 1 53 77 46 46 - E-mail: MR@sanofi.com
Web site: www.sanofi.com Mobile app: SANOFI IR available on the App Store and Google Play
2016 second-quarter and first-half Aggregate Sanofi sales
Unless otherwise indicated, all percentage changes in sales in this press release are stated at CER(7).
In the second quarter of 2016, Aggregate Company sales were €8,868 million, down 4.3% at 2016 exchange rates. Exchange rate movements had a negative effect of 4.1 percentage points with the adverse evolution of the U.S. dollar as well as several emerging market currencies more than offsetting the positive effects from the Japanese Yen. At CER, Aggregate Company sales decreased 0.2%. First-half Aggregate Company sales reached €17,411 million, down 3.2% at 2016 exchange rates. Exchange rate movements had an unfavorable effect of 3.4 percentage points.
This performance included a negative currency impact related to the change of exchange rate applied for the translation of Venezuela operations, resulting from the evolution of the exchange system in February 2016 as well as from the persistent inability to exchange Venezuelan bolivars for U.S. dollars at the privileged official rate(8). In addition, in the second quarter of 2015, Sanofi benefited from a significant increase in product demand in Venezuela, due to buying patterns associated with local market conditions. As a consequence, sales in Venezuela were €6 million in the second quarter of 2016 compared to €199 million in the second quarter of 2015. Excluding Venezuela, Aggregate Company sales increased 1.9% and 2.5% in the second quarter and in the first half of 2016, respectively.
Global Business Units
The table below presents sales by Global Business Units (GBU) and reflects the organization of the Sanofi which became effective as of January 1, 2016. In this organizational structure, all Pharmaceutical sales in Emerging Markets are now included in the General Medicines and Emerging Markets GBU. This new reporting structure simplifies Sanofi, deepens specialization and allows clear focus on growth drivers.
Net Sales by GBU
(€ million) Q2 2016 Change
(CER) H1 2016 Change
(CER)
Sanofi Genzyme (Specialty Care)(a) 1,245 +20.1% 2,414 +20.3%
Diabetes & Cardiovascular(a) 1,603 -3.5% 3,102 -4.6%
General Medicines & Emerging Markets(b) 4,498 -5.6%(c) 8,988 -4.9%(d)
Sanofi Pasteur (Vaccines) 797 +6.3%(e) 1,422 +7.1%(f)
Merial (Animal Health) 725 +9.1% 1,485 +13.2%
Total Aggregate Company sales 8,868 -0.2%(g) 17,411 +0.2%(h)
(a) Does not include Emerging Markets sales- see definition page 8; (b) Includes Emerging Markets sales for Diabetes & Cardiovascular and Specialty Care; (c) Excluding Venezuela:-1.9%; (d) Excluding Venezuela: -1.1%; (e) Excluding Venezuela:+7.0%; (f) Excluding Venezuela: +7.8%; (g) Excluding Venezuela:+1.9%; (h) Excluding Venezuela: +2.5%.
Global Franchises
The table below presents sales by global franchises. The performance by franchise provides a bridge to our previous reporting methodology and allows straightforward peer comparisons. Appendix 1 provides a reconciliation of sales by GBU and by franchise.
Net sales by Franchise
(CER) Developed
Markets Change
(CER) Emerging
Specialty Care 1,493 +19.5%(a) 1,245 +20.1% 248 +16.8%(b)
Diabetes & Cardiovascular 1,962 -2.0%(c) 1,603 -3.5% 359 +4.7%(d)
Established Products 2,617 -9.7%(e) 1,676 -10.9% 941 -7.7%(f)
Consumer Healthcare (CHC) 800 -4.3%(g) 511 +2.1% 289 -13.0%(h)
Generics 474 -1.9%(i) 271 -5.5% 203 +2.6%(j)
Vaccines 797 +6.3%(k) 463 +3.8% 334 +9.8%(l)
Animal Health 725 +9.1% 565 +7.3% 160 +15.6%
Total Aggregate net sales 8,868 -0.2%(m) 6,334 0.0% 2,534 -0.5%(n)
(a) Excluding Venezuela : +20.3%; (b) Excluding Venezuela : +21.1%; (c) Excluding Venezuela : -0.9%; (d) Excluding Venezuela : +11.4%; (e) Excluding Venezuela :
-6.6%; (f) Excluding Venezuela: +1.5%; (g) Excluding Venezuela: +0.6%; (h) Excluding Venezuela:-1.8%; (i) Excluding Venezuela: +0.4%; (j) Excluding Venezuela: +8.2%; (k) Excluding Venezuela: +7.0%; (l) Excluding Venezuela: +11.5%; (m) Excluding Venezuela: +1.9%; (n) Excluding Venezuela: +6.7%.
(7) See Appendix 10 for definitions of financial indicators. (8) In Q2 2016, the exchange rate used was the DICOM rate (628VEF per USD) versus the privileged official CENCOEX rate of 6.3VEF per USD in Q2 2015.
The table below presents sales for global franchise for the first half of 2016.
(€ million) H1 2016 Change
Established Products 5,208 -9.0%(e) 3,343 -11.2% 1,865 -5.1%(f)
Consumer Healthcare (CHC) 1,705 -3.6%(g) 1,105 +1.8% 600 -11.4%(h)
Generics 933 +0.6%(i) 553 0.0% 380 +1.4%(j)
Vaccines 1,422 +7.1%(k) 810 -1.7% 612 +20.7%(l)
Animal Health 1,485 +13.2% 1,177 +10.1% 308 +25.2%
Total Aggregate net sales 17,411 +0.2%(m) 12,504 -0.4% 4,907 +1.7%(n)
-5.7%; (f) Excluding Venezuela : +4.9%; (g) Excluding Venezuela: +1.5%; (h) Excluding Venezuela: +1.0%; (i) Excluding Venezuela: +3.3%; (j) Excluding Venezuela: +7.7%; (k) Excluding Venezuela: +7.8%; (l) Excluding Venezuela: +22.7%; (m) Excluding Venezuela: +2.5%; (n) Excluding Venezuela: +9.7%.
Second-quarter sales for Pharmaceuticals were down 1.7% to €7,346 million impacted by a decrease in Diabetes, CHC and Established Rx Products sales that was partially offset by the Multiple Sclerosis and Rare Disease franchises. Excluding Venezuela, second-quarter sales for Pharmaceuticals were up 0.8%. First-half sales for Pharmaceuticals decreased 1.5% to €14,504 million. Excluding Venezuela, first-half sales for Pharmaceuticals increased 1.0%.
Rare Diseases franchise
Net sales (€ million) Q2 2016 Change
Cerezyme® 199 +8.0%(a) 381 +5.9%(b)
Myozyme® / Lumizyme® 182 +13.9% 348 +11.2%
Fabrazyme® 167 +17.8% 316 +12.2%
Aldurazyme® 50 +6.0% 98 +5.1%
Cerdelga® 26 +62.5% 49 +88.5%
Total Rare Diseases 707 +14.2%(c) 1,353 +11.4%(d)
(a) Excluding Venezuela: +9.2%; (b) Excluding Venezuela: +7.9%; (c) Excluding Venezuela: +15.5%; (d) Excluding Venezuela: +12.7%;
In the second quarter, Gaucher (Cerezyme® and Cerdelga®) sales increased 12.1% to €225 million, sustained by Cerezyme® in Emerging Markets (up 27.3% to €70 million) and the increasing contribution of Cerdelga® (€26 million versus €16 million in the second quarter of 2015). In the U.S., second-quarter sales of the Gaucher franchise increased 4.7% to €65 million reflecting declining Cerezyme® sales (€45 million, down 4.1%) which were more than offset by increasing Cerdelga® sales (€20 million, up 33.3%). In Europe, where Cerdelga® is now available in Germany, France, Denmark, and Nordic countries, sales of the Gaucher franchise were €76 million, up 5.5%. In the first-half, Gaucher sales were up 11.1% to €430 million. First half sales of Cerezyme® and Cerdelga® increased 5.9% (to €381 million) and 88.5% to €49 million, respectively.
Sales of Fabrazyme® were up 17.8% to €167 million in the second quarter driven by the U.S. (up 14.5% to €85 million), Europe (up 14.3% to €40 million), Japan and Emerging Markets (up 23.5% to €16 million). First-half sales of Fabrazyme® increased 12.2% to €316 million.
Second-quarter sales of Myozyme®/Lumizyme® increased 13.9% to €182 million, driven by the U.S. (up 15.7% to €58 million) and Europe (up 11.7% to €84 million). In Emerging Markets, sales were up 7.1% to €26 million. First-half sales of Myozyme®/Lumizyme® increased 11.2% to €348 million.
Multiple Sclerosis franchise
Aubagio® 315 +58.3% 594 +61.0%
Lemtrada® 108 +100.0% 196 +113.8%
Total Multiple Sclerosis 423 +67.3% 790 +71.6%
In the second quarter, sales of Aubagio® increased 58.3% to €315 million driven by the U.S. (up 55.6% to €216 million) and Europe (up 68.8% to €80 million). First-half sales of Aubagio® increased 61.0% to €594 million.
Second-quarter sales of Lemtrada® were €108 million (versus €56 million in the second quarter of 2015), including €56 million in the U.S. (up 96.6%), and €40 million in Europe (versus €21 million in the second quarter of 2015), mainly in the UK and Germany. First-half sales of Lemtrada® were €196 million (versus €94 million in the first half of 2015).
Oncology franchise
Jevtana® 88 +8.5% 178 +12.6%
Thymoglobulin® 69 +4.3% 134 +10.5%
Taxotere® 46 -21.0% 92 -16.5%
Eloxatin® 44 -15.8% 86 -17.1%
Mozobil® 37 +11.4% 72 +7.2%
Zaltrap® 17 -15.0% 34 -15.0%
Total Oncology 363 -3.6% 721 -1.2%
Second-quarter Oncology sales were €363 million, down 3.6% due to lower sales of Taxotere® and Eloxatin®. First-half sales of Oncology were €721 million, down 1.2%.
Sales of Jevtana® (cabazitaxel) increased 8.5% to €88 million in the second quarter led by the U.S. (up 12.1% to €37 million) and Japan. First-half sales of Jevtana® were up 12.6% to €178 million.
Second-quarter Thymoglobulin® sales increased 4.3% to €69 million supported by the U.S. performance (up 7.9% to €39 million). First-half sales of Thymoglobulin® increased 10.5% to €134 million.
Second-quarter sales of Eloxatin® were down 15.8% to €44 million reflecting generic competition in Canada more than offsetting the performance in China. Over the same period, sales of Taxotere® (docetaxel) decreased 21.0% (to €46 million), impacted by generic competition especially in Japan more than offsetting the performance in China. First-half sales of Taxotere® and Eloxatin® were down 16.5% (€92 million) and down 17.1% (€86 million), respectively.
Diabetes franchise
Lantus® 1,465 -11.2% 2,860 -11.1%
Toujeo® 141 ns 244 ns
Total glargine 1,606 -3.5% 3,104 -4.3%
Amaryl® 93 -9.2% 181 -7.3%
Apidra® 93 +3.2% 178 0.0%
Insuman® 34 +8.8% 66 +4.5%
BGM (Blood Glucose Monitoring) 17 +6.3% 34 +6.3%
Lyxumia® 8 -10.0% 17 0.0%
Total Diabetes 1,857 -3.2%(a) 3,591 -3.8%(b)
(a) Excluding Venezuela: -2.0%; (b) Excluding Venezuela:-2.8%
In the second quarter, Diabetes franchise sales were down 3.2% to €1,857 million, reflecting lower sales of Lantus® in the U.S. Second-quarter U.S. Diabetes sales were down 7.1% to €1,033 million. Outside the U.S., sales were €824 million, an increase of 2.0% driven by Emerging Markets (up 5.0% to €358 million; excluding Venezuela up 11.7%). Sales in Europe were €338 million, an increase of 0.9% reflecting the performance of Toujeo® which offset lower sales of Lantus®. First-half sales for the Diabetes franchise were €3,591 million down 3.8%.
Second-quarter sales of Sanofi's glargine (Lantus® and Toujeo®) were €1,606 million, down 3.5%. In the U.S., Sanofi's glargine sales of €1,002 million were down 6.7%. In Europe, sales of Sanofi's glargine increased 1.2% to €255 million despite the launch of a biosimilar glargine in several European markets. First-half sales of Sanofi's glargine were €3,104 million down 4.3%.
Over the quarter, sales of Lantus® were €1,465 million down 11.2%. In the U.S., as anticipated, sales of Lantus® decreased 15.7% to €896 million mainly reflecting lower average net price and patients switching to Toujeo®. In Europe, second-quarter Lantus® sales were €228 million, down 9.1% while in Emerging Markets, sales were €250 million, up 5.3% (up 9.8% excluding Venezuela), driven by China. First-half sales of Lantus® were €2,860 million, down 11.1%.
Second-quarter sales of Toujeo® were €141 million of which €106 million were recorded in the U.S. and €27 million were from Europe. The global roll-out of this product continues and Sanofi expects Toujeo® to be available in over 40 countries by the end of 2016. First-half sales of Toujeo® were €244 million.
Sales of Amaryl® were €93 million (down 9.2%, up 2.1% excluding Venezuela) in the second-quarter of which €74 million were generated in Emerging Markets (down 6.9%). Excluding Venezuela, sales of Amaryl in Emerging Markets increased 8.0%. First-half sales of Amaryl® were €181 million, down 7.3%.
Second-quarter sales of Apidra® were up 3.2% to €93 million, reflecting lower sales in the U.S. (down 11.8% to €30 million), which were more than offset by the performance in Emerging Markets (up 27.8% to €20 million). First-half sales of Apidra® were stable at €178 million.
Cardiovascular franchise
Praluent® (alirocumab, collaboration with Regeneron) was launched in the U.S. in 2015 and in a number of European markets in 2015 and 2016. Second-quarter sales of Praluent® were €21 million of which €18 million were in the U.S. and €3 million in Europe, where the product has recently become commercially available in a few countries (including the UK, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, and Nordic countries). First-half sales of Praluent® were €33 million reflecting current payer restrictions limiting uptake.
Second-quarter sales and first-half sales of Multaq® were €84 million (down 1.1%) and €170 million (up 0.6%), respectively.
Established Rx Products
Plavix® 392 -25.7% 780 -22.2%
Lovenox® 414 +0.5% 818 -1.7%
Renvela®/Renagel® 208 -7.4% 442 -2.4%
Aprovel®/Avapro® 175 -16.1%(a) 344 -14.6%(b)
Synvisc® /Synvisc-One® 109 -3.4% 197 0.0%
Myslee®/Ambien®/Stilnox® 78 +5.4% 148 0.0%
Allegra® 39 -2.7% 114 -7.7%
Other 1,202 -7.4%(c) 2,365 -7.7%(d)
Total Established Rx Products 2,617 -9.7%(e) 5,208 -9.0%(f)
(a) Excluding Venezuela: -1.1%; (b) Excluding Venezuela: -1.9%; (c) Excluding Venezuela: -4.5%; (d) Excluding Venezuela: -4.1%; (e) Excluding Venezuela: -6.6%; (f) Excluding Venezuela: -5.7%;
Second-quarter sales of Established Rx Products were €2,617 million, down 9.7%, reflecting lower sales in Venezuela and generic competition to Plavix® in Japan. Excluding Venezuela, sales of Established Rx Products were down 6.6%. In Emerging Markets, sales of Established Rx Products were €941 million, down 7.7% and up 1.5% excluding Venezuela. In Europe and the U.S., sales of Established Rx Products were down 3.0% (to €942 million) and 8.3% (to €374 million), respectively. First-half sales of Established Rx Products decreased 9.0% to €5,208 million and down 5.7% excluding Venezuela.
Second-quarter sales of Lovenox® increased 0.5% to €414 million and 1.6% excluding Venezuela. In Emerging Markets, sales of Lovenox® were up 2.4% to €113 million, and up 6.6% excluding Venezuela. In Europe, sales of the product were down 0.8% to €262 million. In July, two biosimilars containing enoxaparin sodium received positive opinion from the CHMP (European Medicines Agency's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use). First-half sales of Lovenox® were €818 million down 1.7% and down 0.7% excluding Venezuela.
In the second quarter, Plavix® sales declined 25.7% to €392 million due to generic competition in Japan that started in June 2015 (sales in Japan were down 59.1% to €93 million), which was partially offset by the growth in China (up 10.4% to €177 million). First-half sales of Plavix® decreased 22.2% to €780 million.
Second-quarter sales of Renvela®/Renagel® decreased 7.4% to €208 million. In the U.S., sales of the product were €170 million (down 0.6%). Generics of the product are currently marketed in a number of European countries, which resulted in Europe sales of Renvela®/Renagel® down 32.3% to €21 million. Sanofi expects generic competition in the U.S. in 2016. First-half sales of Renvela®/Renagel® were down 2.4% to €442 million.
Sales of Aprovel®/Avapro® were down 16.1% to €175 million in the second quarter. Excluding Venezuela, sales of Aprovel®/Avapro® were down 1.1%. First-half sales of Aprovel®/Avapro® decreased 14.6% to €344 million and 1.9% excluding Venezuela.
In the second quarter and the first half of 2015, sales of Auvi-Q® and Allerject® were €35 million and €52 million, respectively. Sanofi no longer commercializes this product in the U.S. where no sales were recorded in 2016.
Allegra® 97 -11.2% 237 -5.0%
Doliprane® 77 +11.4% 154 0.0%
Enterogermina® 43 +27.8% 85 -3.2%
Essentiale® 32 -22.2% 71 -17.9%
Nasacort® 23 -25.0% 68 -6.8%
Lactacyd® 22 -42.9% 41 -32.4%
Maalox® 21 -15.4% 45 -11.1%
No Spa® 19 0.0% 40 +2.3%
Magne B6® 16 -19.0% 36 -4.9%
Dorflex® 15 -15.0% 34 -2.3%
Other CHC Products 435 +0.9% 894 0.0%
Total Consumer Healthcare 800 -4.3%(a) 1,705 -3.6%(b)
(a) Excluding Venezuela: +0.6%; (b) Excluding Venezuela: +1.5%;
Second-quarter Consumer Healthcare (CHC) sales were €800 million, down 4.3%. Excluding Venezuela and the divestiture of smaller products, CHC sales were up 2.7% driven by the strong performance in Australia, Mexico and Argentina, which was partially offset by Russia. Second-quarter sales of CHC in the U.S. were down 0.8% to €229 million reflecting a mild allergy season impacting sales of Allegra® (down 18.3% to €56 million). In Emerging Markets, sales were down 13.0% to €289 million (down 1.8% excluding Venezuela) impacted by lower sales in Russia. In the Rest of the World, second-quarter sales grew 18.0% to €69 million sustained by the allergy franchise and the vitamins business in Australia. Over the quarter, in Europe, sales increased 0.9% to €213 million (impacted by divestitures of small products), buoyed by a strong Doliprane® performance due to a successful DTC campaign. First-half sales of CHC reached €1,705 million, down 3.6% and up 3.4% excluding Venezuela and the divestiture of several small products.
On June 27, 2016, Sanofi and Boehringer Ingelheim announced the signing of contracts to secure the strategic transaction initiated in December 2015 which consists of an exchange of Sanofi's animal health business and Boehringer Ingelheim's consumer healthcare business. This step marks a major milestone before closing of the transaction which is expected by year-end 2016 and remains subject to approval by all regulatory authorities in different territories.
Second-quarter sales of Generics were down 1.9% to €474 million. Excluding Venezuela, sales were up 0.4% driven by Emerging Markets (up 8.2%) offsetting lower sales of the Plavix authorized generic in Japan. First-half sales of Generics increased 0.6% to €933 million (up 3.3% excluding Venezuela).
Polio/Pertussis/Hib Vaccines
(incl. Pentacel®, Pentaxim® and Imovax®) 339 +28.6% 627 +17.1%
Meningitis/Pneumonia Vaccines
(incl. Menactra®) 139 -1.4% 261 +10.3%
Adult Booster Vaccines (incl. Adacel ®) 104 -9.3% 184 -12.2%
(incl. Vaxigrip® and Fluzone®) 96 -10.5% 116 -8.1%
Travel and Other Endemic Vaccines 101 +7.2% 184 +6.1%
Dengvaxia® 1 - 20
Other Vaccines 17 -36.7% 30 -34.7%
Total Vaccines (consolidated sales) 797 +6.3%*(a) 1,422 +7.1%*(b)
*Comparability based on the new presentation of VaxServe sales (see below)
VaxServe sales
VaxServe is a U.S. entity of the Vaccines segment. VaxServe activities include products distribution in the U.S. in channels that are not the primary focus of Sanofi Pasteur. VaxServe complements its Sanofi Pasteur products offering by distributing vaccines and other products from third party manufacturers. All VaxServe sales were reported on the line Net sales in the past.
In order to provide more relevant published information, VaxServe sales of non-Sanofi products are reported on the line Other revenues in the income statement from January 1, 2016. Accordingly, prior period comparative net sales have been reclassified to the line Other revenues.
The 2015 quarterly and full-year 2015 business P&L as well as sales of GBUs and franchises by geographic region reflecting this reclassification are available on the Investors section of Sanofi's website.
In the second quarter of 2015 and in full-year 2015, sales of VaxServe(9) of non-Sanofi products were €110 million and €482 million, respectively.
In the second quarter, consolidated vaccines sales were up 6.3% to €797 million driven by the Polio/Pertussis/Hib Vaccines franchise in Emerging Markets and Travel and other endemics vaccines. In the U.S., sales of vaccines decreased 2.3% to €331 million due to increased competitive pressure on Adacel® and lower sales of Menactra® reflecting favorable CDC order phasing in the U.S during the first quarter of 2016. In Emerging Markets sales of vaccines increased 9.8% driven by Pentaxim® and Hexaxim® growth. First-half sales of Sanofi Pasteur were up 7.1% to €1,422 million.
Second quarter sales of Polio/Pertussis/Hib Vaccines were up 28.6% to €339 million. In Emerging Markets, sales of the franchise increased 43.6% to €178 million driven by the growth of Pentaxim® and Hexaxim® in the Middle-East, Africa, Turkey and Mexico. This performance more than offset lower sales of Pentaxim® and Polio vaccines in China due to local market disruption. In the U.S., sales of Polio/Pertussis/Hib Vaccines were down 1.1% to €88 million reflecting a slight decrease in sales of IPV vaccines. Pentacel® sales in the U.S. were €56 million, up 1.8%. As previously communicated, Sanofi Pasteur is experiencing Pentacel® manufacturing delays and is not meeting all current demand. Supply improvements are expected in the second half of 2016. First-half sales of Polio/Pertussis/Hib vaccines increased 17.1% to €627 million.
Dengvaxia®, the world's first dengue vaccine is now approved in five countries (Mexico, the Philippines, Brazil, El Salvador and Costa Rica). Dengvaxia® was launched in the Philippines in the first quarter and in El Salvador in July. Additionally, a public vaccination program in Paraná State in Brazil was announced in late July and is expected to cover half a million people. Despite these developments, the overall uptake of Dengvaxia® is delayed by recent political changes and economic volatility in Latin America. With only a limited number of public immunization programs confirmed to date in endemic countries and the majority of regulatory approvals still pending in Asia, Dengvaxia® is unlikely to meet Sanofi's prior sales expectations for 2016. Dengvaxia® sales in the second quarter were limited to private market sales in the Philippines. First-half sales of Dengvaxia® were €20 million corresponding to the sales of the first dose of the first public dengue immunization program in the Philippines in the first quarter of 2016.
Sales of Influenza Vaccines were €96 million, a decrease of 10.5% reflecting lower sales in Brazil due to increased supply of the Butantan Institute.
(9) Sales of VaxServe in Q2 2016 and first-half 2016 are provided in the Financial Results
Menactra® sales were €126 million, a decrease of 3.0% due to favorable CDC order phasing in the U.S in the first quarter of 2016. First-half sales of Menactra® increased 10.0% to €237 million.
Second-quarter Adult Booster Vaccines sales were down 9.3% to €104 million reflecting increased Adacel® competitive pressure in the U.S. First-half sales of Adult Booster vaccines decreased 12.2% to €184 million.
Second-quarter sales of Travel and Other Endemic Vaccines increased 7.2% to €101 million driven by increased sales of rabies and typhoid vaccines. First-half sales of Travel and Other Endemic Vaccines were up 6.1% to €184 million.
Sales of Sanofi Pasteur MSD (not consolidated), the joint venture with Merck & Co. in Europe, increased 9.0% (on a reported basis) to €175 million and 13.4% (on a reported basis) to €340 million in the second quarter and first half of 2016, respectively. In March, Sanofi Pasteur and Merck announced their intent to end their joint vaccines operations in Europe, Sanofi Pasteur MSD, to pursue their own distinct growth strategies in Europe. Sanofi Pasteur and Merck expect the project to be completed by the end of 2016, subject to local labor laws and regulations and regulatory approvals.
Animal Health(10)
Companion Animal 493 +8.6% 1,022 +14.2%
Production Animal 232 +10.1% 463 +11.1%
Total Animal Health 725 +9.1% 1,485 +13.2%
of which Vaccines 205 +4.9% 417 +11.3%
of which fipronil products 169 -10.3% 350 -7.5%
of which avermectin products 142 +12.2% 312 +10.4%
In the second quarter, Animal Health sales were up 9.1% to €725 million driven by the success of NexGard® family of products, Merial's next generation flea and tick products for dogs, in the U.S., Europe and Japan.
Second-quarter sales of the Companion Animals segment increased 8.6% to €493 million boosted by the success of NexGard® and NexGard® Spectra which more than offset the decline in the Frontline® family of products. HeartGard® also contributed to growth in the Companion Animals segment.
Sales of the Production Animals segment increased 10.1% to €232 million in the second quarter reflecting strong performance of the Avian business in Emerging Markets as well as Ruminant business in the U.S. and Europe.
Aggregate Company sales by geographic region
Aggregate Sanofi sales (€ million) Q2 2016 Change
United States 3,118 +1.3% 6,084 +1.4%
Emerging Markets(a) 2,534 -0.5% 4,907 +1.7%
of which Latin America 698 -15.1% 1,269 -15.0%
of which Asia 804 +5.3% 1,637 +10.2%
of which Africa, Middle East and South Asia(b) 736 +10.3% 1,404 +11.0%
of which Eurasia(c) 270 +4.3% 529 +6.9%
Europe(d) 2,360 +3.3% 4,732 +2.5%
Rest of the world(e) 856 -12.3% 1,688 -12.8%
of which Japan 446 -24.4% 893 -24.9%
Total Aggregate Sanofi sales 8,868 -0.2% 17,411 +0.2%
World excluding U.S., Canada, Western & Eastern Europe (except Eurasia), Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand and Puerto Rico
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka
Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus, Armenia and Turkey
Western Europe + Eastern Europe except Eurasia
Japan, South Korea, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Puerto Rico
In the second quarter, sales in the U.S. increased 1.3% to €3,118 million. The strong performance of the multiple sclerosis franchise (up 62.6%), rare disease franchise (up 12.3%) and Animal Health (up 4.6%) more than offset lower sales of the diabetes franchise (down 7.1%), Vaccines (down 2.3%) and the Auvi-Q® impact.
(10) Merial is reported on a single line in the consolidated income statements in accordance with IFRS 5 (Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations). Sanofi will continue to manage and report the performance of Merial, which will remain an operating segment consistent with IFRS 8.
First-half sales in the U.S. increased 1.4% to €6,084 million.
Aggregate sales in Emerging Markets were down 0.5% to €2,534 million in the second quarter. Excluding Venezuela, Aggregate sales in Emerging Markets grew 6.7% driven by Diabetes (up 11.7%), Rare Diseases (up 28.2%), Vaccines (up 11.5%) and Animal Health (up 15.6%). In the Asia region, Aggregate sales were up 5.3% to €804 million in the second quarter. Over the quarter, sales in China increased 2.6% to €512 million; the strong performance of Pharmaceuticals (up 11.7%) was partially offset by lower vaccines sales (-84.9%). In Latin America, second-quarter Aggregate sales were down 15.1% to €698 million and up 5.7% excluding Venezuela driven by sales in Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. Aggregate sales in Brazil were down 3.3% to €280 million impacted by lower sales of Flu vaccines and Renagel®. Aggregate sales in the Eurasia region increased 4.3% to €270 million driven by Turkey. Sales in Russia were down 12.6% to €110 million associated with the CHC business. In Africa, the Middle-East and South Asia, Aggregate sales were up 10.3% to €736 million sustained by the strong performance in Africa (up 16.6%). In the Emerging Markets, first-half sales increased 1.7% to €4,907 million. Excluding Venezuela, Aggregate first-half sales in Emerging Markets grew 9.7%.
Aggregate sales in Europe were up 3.3% to €2,360 million in the second quarter. The performance of Multiple Sclerosis (up 78.3%), Rare Diseases (up 10.7%) and Vaccines (up 34.9%) franchises was partially offset by lower sales of Established Rx products (down 3.0%) mainly impacted by generic competition to Renagel®. In Europe, first-half sales increased 2.5% to €4,732 million.
Aggregate second-quarter sales in Japan decreased 24.4% to €446 million, impacted by generic competition to Plavix® (down 59.1%). In Japan, first-half sales decreased 24.9% to €893 million.
R&D update
Consult Appendix 8 for full overview of Sanofi's R&D pipeline
Regulatory update
Regulatory updates since the publication of the first quarter results on April 29, 2016 include the following:
In July, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in Japan granted marketing authorization for Praluent® (alirocumab) for the treatment of uncontrolled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in certain adult patients with hypercholesterolemia at high cardiovascular risk. The 300mg once-monthly dosing of Praluent® was also filed in U.S. and EU.
In July, the file for the Marketing Authorization Application for sarilumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis was accepted for review by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
In May, the Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee (EMDAC) of the FDA recommended the approval(11) of the New Drug Application (NDA) for Adlyxin® (lixisenatide) and for the fixed-ratio combination of basal insulin glargine 100 Units/mL and GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes. The fixed-ratio combination of basal insulin glargine and GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide is undergoing FDA review, with decisions anticipated in August 2016. Adlyxin® (lixisenatide) was approved in the U.S. at the end of July.
At the end of July 2016, the R&D pipeline contained 44 pharmaceutical new molecular entities (excluding Life Cycle Management) and vaccine candidates in clinical development of which 14 are in Phase III or have been submitted to the regulatory authorities for approval.
Portfolio update
Phase III:
In June, the results of the pivotal Phase III LixiLan-O and LixiLan-L clinical trials with the investigational titratable fixed-ratio combination of basal insulin glargine 100 Units/mL and lixisenatide in adults with type 2 diabetes were presented at the American Diabetes Association scientific Sessions. Both studies met their primary endpoints, demonstrating statistically superior reduction of HbA1c with the titratable fixed-ratio combination versus comparators (lixisenatide and insulin glargine 100 Units/mL, respectively).
(11) The members of the Advisory Committee voted 12-2 for an approval of LixiLan
In June, Sanofi and Regeneron announced that a one-year Phase III study, known as LIBERTY AD CHRONOS, evaluating investigational dupilumab met its primary and key secondary endpoints. In the study, dupilumab with topical corticosteroids (TCS) was compared to TCS alone in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis adult patients. Patients enrolled in the study were inadequately controlled by TCS with or without topical calcineurin inhibitor. Dupilumab with TCS significantly improved measures of overall disease severity at 16 and 52 weeks, when compared to placebo with TCS.
Based on the results of the FIRSTANA Phase III study comparing Jevtana® (cabazitaxel) versus Taxotere® (docetaxel) in chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer, the decision was made not to submit a first line indication for Jevtana® as the results did not provide the level of benefit that is needed for claiming new indication. Jevtana® currently has a second line indication and FIRSTANA was conducted as part of the post marketing commitment with the FDA.
Phase II:
SAR439684, a PD-1 inhibitor (alliance with Regeneron), entered Phase II in advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
Phase I:
It has been decided not to pursue the development of SAR438544, a stable glucagon analog, in diabetes.
2016 second-quarter and first-half Aggregate financial results(12)
Business Net Income(12)
In the second quarter of 2016, Sanofi generated Aggregate sales of €8,868 million, a decrease of 4.3% (down 0.2% at CER). First-half Aggregate sales were €17,411 million, down 3.2% on a reported basis (up 0.2% at CER).
Aggregate other revenues decreased 10.4% to €173 million and include VaxServe sales of non-Sanofi products (down 19.1% to €89 million) following the change in presentation as of January 1, 2016(13). At CER, Aggregate other revenues were down 8.3%. First-half Aggregate other revenues decreased 12.1% to €328 million of which €172 million were generated by VaxServe (down 18.1%)
Aggregate gross profit was €6,276 million, down 3.8% and up 0.2% at CER in the second quarter. The Aggregate gross margin ratio improved by 0.4 percentage points to 70.8% versus the second quarter of 2015. The positive impact from the multiple sclerosis franchise, pharmaceuticals in China and industrial productivity largely offset the negative impact of U.S. Diabetes, and Plavix® generic competition in Japan. Sanofi expects its 2016 Aggregate gross margin ratio to be above 69% and below 70% at CER. In the first half of 2016, the Aggregate gross margin ratio improved by 0.3 percentage points to 70.5% versus the first half of 2015.
Second-quarter Aggregate Research and Development expenses were €1,325 million, an increase of 2.7%. At CER, Aggregate R&D expenses were up 4.6% reflecting in particular the new immuno-oncology alliance with Regeneron. In the first half of 2016, the ratio of Aggregate R&D to Aggregate sales was 1.2 percentage points higher at 15.0% compared to the same period of 2015.
Aggregate selling general and administrative expenses (SG&A) increased 0.1% to €2,650 million in the second quarter. At CER, Aggregate SG&A was up 3.9% mainly reflecting the U.S. launch expenses of Praluent®, and pre-launch costs for sarilumab and dupilumab. The ratio of Aggregate SG&A to Aggregate sales increased 1.3 percentage points to 29.9% compared with the second quarter of 2015. In the first half of 2016, the ratio of Aggregate selling and general expenses to Aggregate sales was 0.8 percentage points higher to 29.1% compared with the first half of 2015.
Second-quarter Aggregate other current operating income net of expenses was -€23 million versus -€20 million for the same period of 2015. In the second quarter of 2015, this line included a foreign exchange loss of €34 million booked in connection with Sanofi's Venezuelan operations. First-half Aggregate other current operating income net of expenses was €56 million versus -€87 million in the first half of 2015.
The Aggregate share of profits from associates was stable at €30 million in the second quarter. The Aggregate share of profits from associates included Sanofi's share in Regeneron profit as well as Sanofi's share of profit in Sanofi Pasteur MSD (the Vaccines joint venture with Merck & Co. in Europe). In the first half, the share of profits from associates was €53 million versus €61 million for the same period of 2015.
Aggregate non-controlling interests were -€23 million in the second quarter versus -€29 million in the second quarter of 2015. First-half non-controlling interests were -€50 million versus -€62 million for the same period of 2015.
Aggregate business operating income was €2,285 million, down 11.0%. At CER, Aggregate business operating income decreased 5.8%. The ratio of Aggregate business operating income to Aggregate net sales decreased 1.9 percentage points to 25.8% versus the same period of 2015. First-half Aggregate business operating income was €4,669 million, down 5.9% (or down 1.6% at CER). In the first half of 2016, the ratio of Aggregate business operating income to Aggregate sales decreased 0.8 percentage points to 26.8%.
Net Aggregate financial expenses were €76 million in the second quarter versus €112 million in the second quarter of 2015. In the second quarter of 2016, this line included a limited capital gain on a minor asset sale. First-half net financial expenses were €194 million versus €209 million in the first half of 2015.
Second-quarter and first-half 2016 effective tax rate (including Animal Health) were 24.0% compared with 25.0% in the same periods of 2015.
Second-quarter business net income(12) decreased 8.7% to €1,680 million (down 3.3% at CER). The ratio of business net income to Aggregate sales was 18.9%, a decrease of 1.0 percentage points compared with the second quarter of 2015. First-half business net income decreased 4.6% to €3,402 million, (stable at CER). The ratio of business net income to net sales decreased 0.3 percentage points to 19.5% compared to the first half of 2015.
(12) See Appendix 4 for 2016 second-quarter and 2016 first-half Consolidated income statement; see Appendix 10 for definitions of financial indicators, and Appendix 3 for reconciliation of business net income to IFRS net income reported
(13) See page 7, chapter on Vaccines
In the second quarter of 2016, business earnings per share(12) (EPS) was €1.31, a decrease of 7.1% on a reported basis and 2.1% at CER. The average number of shares outstanding was 1,286.8 million in the second quarter of 2016 versus 1,305.9 million in the second quarter of 2015. In the first half of 2016, business earnings per share(12) was €2.64, down 3.3% on a reported basis and up 1.5% at CER. The average number of shares outstanding was 1,287.6 million in the first half versus 1,307.2 million in the first half of 2015.
2016 guidance
Sanofi continues to expect 2016 Business EPS to be broadly stable at CER, barring unforeseen major adverse events. In addition, the currency impact on 2016 full-year business EPS is estimated to be around -4%, applying June 2016 average rates to the two remaining quarters of 2016.
From business net income to IFRS net income reported (see Appendix 3)
In the first half of 2016, the main reconciling items between business net income and IFRS net income reported were:
A €877 million amortization charge related to fair value remeasurement on intangible assets of acquired companies (primarily Aventis: €276 million and Genzyme: €431 million) and to acquired intangible assets (licenses/products: €68 million). A €433 million amortization charge on intangible assets related to fair value remeasurement of acquired companies (primarily Aventis: €136 million and, Genzyme: €213 million), and to acquired intangible assets (licenses/products: €34 million) was booked in the second quarter. These items have no cash impact on the Company.
An impairment of intangible assets of €52 million recorded in the second quarter linked to small products. This item has no cash impact on the Company.
A charge of €67 million (of which €38 million in the second quarter) reflecting an increase of Bayer contingent considerations linked to Lemtrada® (charge of €41 million, of which €12 million on the second quarter) and CVR fair value adjustment.
Restructuring costs of €627 million (including €127 million in the second quarter mainly related to transformation in Europe and North America).
A €548 million tax effect arising from the items listed above, comprising €307 million of deferred taxes generated by amortization charged against intangible assets, €210 million associated with restructuring costs, €16 million associated with impairment of intangible assets and €15 million associated with fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration liabilities The second quarter tax effect was €210 million, including €151 million of deferred taxes generated by amortization charged against intangible assets, €39 million associated with restructuring costs and a charge of €16 million associated with impairment of intangible asset (see Appendix 3).
In "Share of profits/losses from associates and joint-ventures", an income of €54 million net of tax (which included a charge of €16 million related to second quarter of 2016), mainly relating to the share of fair-value re-measurement on asset and liabilities of associates and the share of amortization of intangible assets of acquired associates and joint-ventures. This item has no cash impact on the Company.
A tax of €113 million on dividends paid to shareholders of Sanofi.
In Animal Health items, a net expense of €13 million (which included an income of €58 million related to the second quarter of 2016), mainly relating to a change in deferred tax charge resulting from taxable temporary differences relating to investments in subsidiaries since it is likely that these differences will reverse.
In the first half of 2016, net cash generated by operating activities decreased by 17.6% to €2,541 million after capital expenditures of €700 million and an increase in working capital of €753 million. This net Cash Flow has contributed to finance a share repurchase (€1,403 million), dividend paid by Sanofi (€3,759 million), acquisitions and partnerships net of disposals (€663 million) and restructuring costs and similar items (€347 million). As a consequence, net debt increased from €7,254 million at December 31, 2015 to €11,001 million at the end of June 2016 (amount net of €6,076 million cash and cash equivalents).
Appendix 1: 2016 second-quarter and 2016 first-half net sales and Aggregate Company sales by GBU, by franchise, by geographic region and product
Appendix 2:
2016 second-quarter and 2016 first-half Business income statement
Reconciliation of Business net income to IFRS net income reported
Appendix 6: 2016 second-quarter and 2016 first-half Consolidated income statement
Change in net debt
Simplified consolidated balance sheet
Appendix 9: 2016 currency sensitivity
R&D pipeline
Expected R&D milestones
Appendix 10:
Definitions of non-GAAP financial indicators
Appendix 1: 2016 second-quarter net sales and Aggregate Company sales by GBU, by franchise by geographic region and product
(€
million) Total
GBUs %
CER %
ported Eu-
rope %
CER United
States %
CER Rest
World %
CER Emer-
kets %
CER Total
Fran-
chises %
Aubagio 306 57.6% 54.5% 80 68.8% 216 55.6% 10 25.0% 9 83.3% 315 58.3% 54.4%
Lemtrada 103 100.0% 94.3% 40 100.0% 56 96.6% 7 133.3% 5 100.0% 108 100.0% 92.9%
Total MS 409 66.5% 62.9% 120 78.3% 272 62.6% 17 54.5% 14 88.9% 423 67.3% 62.7%
Cerezyme 129 -1.5% -3.0% 71 0.0% 45 -4.1% 13 0.0% 70 27.3% 199 8.0% 0.0%
Cerdelga 26 62.5% 62.5% 5 400.0% 20 33.3% 1 - 0 - 26 62.5% 62.5%
Myozyme 156 15.3% 13.9% 84 11.7% 58 15.7% 14 44.4% 26 7.1% 182 13.9% 10.3%
Fabrazyme 151 17.1% 17.1% 40 14.3% 85 14.5% 26 33.3% 16 23.5% 167 17.8% 14.4%
Aldurazyme 36 8.8% 5.9% 19 0.0% 11 0.0% 6 100.0% 14 0.0% 50 6.0% 0.0%
Disease 570 12.5% 11.1% 236 10.7% 249 12.3% 85 18.3% 137 20.9% 707 14.2% 9.3%
Taxotere 12 -47.8% -47.8% 1 0.0% 1 0.0% 10 -55.0% 34 -5.1% 46 -21.0% -25.8%
Jevtana 83 10.8% 12.2% 36 -2.8% 37 12.1% 10 100.0% 5 -12.5% 88 8.5% 7.3%
Eloxatine 7 -66.7% -70.8% 1 0.0% 0 -100.0% 6 -68.2% 37 21.2% 44 -15.8% -22.8%
Thymo-
globulin 56 9.4% 5.7% 11 0.0% 39 7.9% 6 50.0% 13 -12.5% 69 4.3% 0.0%
Mozobil 35 9.1% 6.1% 11 10.0% 23 14.3% 1 -50.0% 2 50.0% 37 11.4% 5.7%
Zaltrap 16 -20.0% -20.0% 12 -7.7% 3 -50.0% 1 0.0% 1 - 17 -15.0% -15.0%
Oncology 266 -6.6% -8.0% 85 -3.4% 142 2.8% 39 -33.3% 97 5.0% 363 -3.6% -6.9%
Genzyme
(Specialty
Care) 1,245 20.1% 18.2% 441 19.9% 663 25.8% 141 -0.7% 248 16.8% 1,493 19.5% 15.1%
Lantus 1,215 -14.2% -15.8% 228 -9.1% 896 -15.7% 91 -10.6% 250 5.3% 1,465 -11.2% -14.3%
Apidra 73 -2.7% -2.7% 32 3.2% 30 -11.8% 11 10.0% 20 27.8% 93 3.2% 0.0%
Amaryl 19 -18.2% -13.6% 8 33.3% 0 - 11 -37.5% 74 -6.9% 93 -9.2% -14.7%
Insuman 23 -4.0% -8.0% 22 -12.0% 0 -100.0% 1 -300.0% 11 44.4% 34 8.8% 0.0%
Toujeo 140 992.3% 976.9% 27 2600.0% 106 881.8% 7 600.0% 1 - 141 1000.0% 984.6%
Diabetes 1,499 -5.1% -6.7% 338 0.9% 1,033 -7.1% 128 -3.7% 358 5.0% 1,857 -3.2% -6.6%
Multaq 83 0.0% -2.4% 12 20.0% 70 -4.1% 1 100.0% 1 -50.0% 84 -1.1% -3.4%
Praluent 21 - - 3 - 18 - 0 - 0 - 21 - -
Cardio-
vascular 104 25.9% 22.4% 15 50.0% 88 20.3% 1 200.0% 1 -50.0% 105 24.1% 20.7%
& Cardio-
vascular 1,603 -3.5% -5.2% 353 2.3% 1,121 -5.4% 129 -2.2% 359 4.7% 1,962 -2.0% -5.4%
Plavix 392 -25.7% -28.1% 43 -10.4% 0 - 107 -55.2% 242 -4.4% 392 -25.7% -28.1%
Lovenox 414 0.5% -4.4% 262 -0.8% 14 -11.8% 25 12.5% 113 2.4% 414 0.5% -4.4%
Renagel /
Renvela 208 -7.4% -10.0% 21 -32.3% 170 -0.6% 7 28.6% 10 -42.1% 208 -7.4% -10.0%
Aprovel 175 -16.1% -21.9% 33 -12.8% 2 -60.0% 35 2.7% 105 -20.3% 175 -16.1% -21.9%
Allegra 39 -2.7% 5.4% 3 0.0% 0 - 36 -3.0% 0 - 39 -2.7% 5.4%
Myslee /
Ambien /
Stilnox 78 5.4% 5.4% 11 0.0% 24 47.1% 30 -15.6% 13 7.1% 78 5.4% 5.4%
Synvisc /
One 109 -3.4% -6.0% 9 0.0% 84 -3.3% 5 0.0% 11 -7.7% 109 -3.4% -6.0%
Depakine 104 2.8% -3.7% 41 0.0% 0 - 3 0.0% 60 4.8% 104 2.8% -3.7%
Tritace 63 -7.1% -10.0% 39 -4.8% 0 - 2 0.0% 22 -11.1% 63 -7.1% -10.0%
Lasix 43 -6.4% -8.5% 19 -5.0% 0 -100.0% 10 -9.1% 14 0.0% 43 -6.4% -8.5%
Targocid 38 -4.8% -9.5% 19 -14.3% 0 - 1 50.0% 18 0.0% 38 -4.8% -9.5%
Orudis 24 -37.2% -44.2% 5 25.0% 0 - 0 -66.7% 19 -41.7% 24 -37.2% -44.2%
Cordarone 32 3.0% -3.0% 7 14.3% 0 - 8 -12.5% 17 5.6% 32 3.0% -3.0%
Xatral 27 26.1% 17.4% 10 0.0% 0 - 1 0.0% 16 50.0% 27 26.1% 17.4%
Other Rx
Drugs 871 -8.6% -12.2% 420 -0.7% 80 -28.4% 90 -15.8% 281 -9.5% 871 -8.6% -12.2%
Products 2,617 -9.7% -13.3% 942 -3.0% 374 -8.3% 360 -29.0% 941 -7.7% 2,617 -9.7% -13.3%
Healthcare 800 -4.3% -10.1% 213 0.9% 229 -0.8% 69 18.0% 289 -13.0% 800 -4.3% -10.1%
Generics 474 -1.9% -8.8% 206 -0.5% 45 -10.0% 20 -34.5% 203 2.6% 474 -1.9% -8.8%
Care 248 16.8% 1.6% 0 - 0 - 0 - 248 16.8%
Diabetes &
vascular 359 4.7% -6.5% 0 - 0 - 0 - 359 4.7%
Medicines &
Markets 4,498 -5.6% -11.0% 1,361 -2.0% 648 -5.9% 449 -24.3% 2,040 -3.0% 3,891 -7.7% -12.1%
Pharma-
ceuticals 7,346 -1.7% -5.8% 2,155 2.5% 2,432 1.3% 719 -16.9% 2,040 -3.0% 7,346 -1.7% -5.8%
Polio /
/ Hib 339 28.6% 24.2% 35 45.8% 88 -1.1% 38 37.0% 178 43.6% 339 28.6% 24.2%
Vaccines 104 -9.3% -11.9% 12 20.0% 76 -10.5% 6 16.7% 10 -31.3% 104 -9.3% -11.9%
Meningitis/
Pneumonia 139 -1.4% -4.1% 3 - 105 -5.3% 5 100.0% 26 -3.3% 139 -1.4% -4.1%
Vaccines 96 -10.5% -15.8% 0 -100.0% 0 - 15 36.4% 81 -14.7% 96 -10.5% -15.8%
Endemics
Vaccines 101 7.2% 4.1% 8 14.3% 45 48.4% 12 -31.3% 36 -9.3% 101 7.2% 4.1%
Dengue 1 - - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 1 - -
Vaccines 797 6.3% 2.6% 57 34.9% 331 -2.3% 75 15.4% 334 9.8% 797 6.3% 2.6%
Company 8,143 -0.9% -5.1% 2,212 3.2% 2,763 0.9% 794 -14.6% 2,374 -1.4% 8,143 -0.9% -5.1%
Health 725 9.1% 4.9% 148 4.9% 355 4.6% 62 33.3% 160 15.6% 725 9.1% 4.9%
Sales 8,868 -0.2% -4.3% 2,360 3.3% 3,118 1.3% 856 -12.3% 2,534 -0.5% 8,868 -0.2% -4.3%
Including Animal Health business (See Appendix 8 for the definition of Aggregate Company sales) which is reported on a single line in the consolidated income statements in accordance with IFRS 5 (Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations); (2) See definition page 7
Appendix 1: 2016 first-half net sales and Aggregate Company sales by GBU, by franchise by geographic region and product
CER Uni-
Sta-
tes %
chi-
ses %
Aubagio 578 60.3% 59.2% 154 84.5% 404 52.8% 20 57.1% 16 81.8% 594 61.0% 58.8%
Lemtrada 188 112.2% 108.9% 75 92.5% 102 126.7% 11 140.0% 8 150.0% 196 113.8% 108.5%
MS 766 70.6% 69.1% 229 87.1% 506 63.5% 31 78.9% 24 100.0% 790 71.6% 68.8%
Cerezyme 255 -2.7% -3.4% 142 1.4% 89 -9.1% 24 0.0% 126 24.2% 381 5.9% -1.8%
Myozyme 302 12.6% 11.9% 163 10.0% 113 14.1% 26 23.8% 46 3.9% 348 11.2% 8.4%
Fabra-
zyme 289 13.8% 14.2% 77 14.7% 164 11.6% 48 21.1% 27 0.0% 316 12.2% 10.1%
Aldura-
zyme 71 5.9% 4.4% 38 2.6% 21 5.0% 12 20.0% 27 3.3% 98 5.1% 0.0%
Disease 1,108 10.5% 10.2% 464 10.9% 486 9.7% 158 12.3% 245 14.9% 1,353 11.4% 7.4%
Taxotere 28 -39.1% -39.1% 2 -25.0% 2 -33.3% 24 -41.0% 64 -1.4% 92 -16.5% -20.0%
Jevtana 167 13.8% 15.2% 71 -5.3% 75 25.0% 21 90.0% 11 0.0% 178 12.6% 11.9%
Eloxatine 20 -54.3% -56.5% 2 0.0% 0 -100.0% 18 -54.8% 66 9.2% 86 -17.1% -22.5%
globulin 107 9.1% 8.1% 20 0.0% 76 10.0% 11 22.2% 27 16.0% 134 10.5% 8.1%
Mozobil 68 9.5% 7.9% 21 5.0% 44 12.8% 3 0.0% 4 -16.7% 72 7.2% 4.3%
Zaltrap 32 -17.9% -17.9% 24 -7.7% 7 -41.7% 1 0.0% 2 100.0% 34 -15.0% -15.0%
Oncology 540 -3.0% -3.2% 166 -5.1% 285 7.9% 89 -25.0% 181 4.2% 721 -1.2% -3.5%
Gen-
zyme
Care) 2,414 20.3% 19.7% 859 20.1% 1,277 25.6% 278 1.1% 450 13.3% 2,864 19.0% 15.7%
Lantus 2,382 -14.2% -14.6% 464 -6.4% 1,739 -16.7% 179 -6.6% 478 5.8% 2,860 -11.1% -13.1%
Apidra 138 -7.4% -7.4% 63 3.3% 55 -20.3% 20 5.3% 40 31.4% 178 0.0% -3.3%
Amaryl 36 -18.6% -16.3% 16 23.1% 1 0.0% 19 -37.9% 145 -4.3% 181 -7.3% -12.1%
Insuman 44 -8.2% -10.2% 43 -10.4% 1 0.0% 0 - 22 38.9% 66 4.5% -1.5%
Toujeo 243 1120.0% 1115.0% 46 4500.0% 184 927.8% 13 1200.0% 1 - 244 1125.0% 1120.0%
Multaq 167 0.6% 0.0% 23 9.5% 143 -0.7% 1 0.0% 3 0.0% 170 0.6% 0.0%
vascular 200 21.0% 19.8% 29 38.1% 170 18.1% 1 50.0% 3 0.0% 203 20.6% 19.4%
Plavix 780 -22.2% -24.1% 85 -10.5% 1 - 211 -53.9% 483 3.2% 780 -22.2% -24.1%
Lovenox 818 -1.7% -6.1% 524 -0.4% 29 -32.6% 47 6.3% 218 -0.8% 818 -1.7% -6.1%
Renvela 442 -2.4% -3.3% 43 -35.8% 364 7.4% 15 21.4% 20 -40.5% 442 -2.4% -3.3%
Aprovel 344 -14.6% -19.1% 66 -13.0% 6 -25.0% 61 -12.2% 211 -15.4% 344 -14.6% -19.1%
Allegra 114 -7.7% -2.6% 5 -14.3% 0 - 109 -7.3% 0 - 114 -7.7% -2.6%
/ Stilnox 148 0.0% -0.7% 22 -4.3% 39 14.3% 60 -11.1% 27 10.7% 148 0.0% -0.7%
One 197 0.0% -2.0% 17 0.0% 151 -1.9% 7 0.0% 22 13.6% 197 0.0% -2.0%
Depakine 206 2.8% -2.8% 81 -1.2% 0 - 7 14.3% 118 4.9% 206 2.8% -2.8%
Tritace 125 -11.0% -13.8% 79 -4.8% 0 - 2 -50.0% 44 -18.6% 125 -11.0% -13.8%
Lasix 77 -11.2% -13.5% 38 -2.6% 0 -100.0% 12 -42.1% 27 3.4% 77 -11.2% -13.5%
Targocid 75 -3.7% -8.5% 39 -7.1% 0 - 3 0.0% 33 0.0% 75 -3.7% -8.5%
Orudis 50 -38.7% -46.2% 9 0.0% 0 - 2 0.0% 39 -44.4% 50 -38.7% -46.2%
Cordarone 63 -1.5% -6.0% 14 0.0% 0 - 15 -12.5% 34 2.8% 63 -1.5% -6.0%
Drugs 1,715 -8.0% -11.3% 834 -3.1% 154 -26.8% 171 -14.9% 556 -6.5% 1,715 -8.0% -11.3%
Estab-
lished
Products 5,208 -9.0% -12.0% 1,875 -4.3% 744 -5.8% 724 -29.2% 1,865 -5.1% 5,208 -9.0% -12.0%
Health-
care 1,705 -3.6% -8.8% 455 -3.6% 513 3.6% 137 15.3% 600 -11.4% 1,705 -3.6% -8.8%
Generics 933 0.6% -6.5% 413 1.0% 94 3.3% 46 -13.7% 380 1.4% 933 0.6% -6.5%
Care 450 13.3% -2.0% 450 13.3%
vascular 692 5.6% -4.8% 692 5.6%
Markets 8,988 -4.9% -9.9% 2,743 -3.4% 1,351 -1.8% 907 -23.8% 3,987 -2.0% 7,846 -6.8% -10.7%
ceuti-
cals 14,504 -1.5% -4.9% 4,307 1.7% 4,781 1.4% 1,429 -16.5% 3,987 -2.0% 14,504 -1.5% -4.9%
/ Hib 627 17.1% 13.0% 58 56.8% 148 -28.5% 63 19.2% 358 47.5% 627 17.1% 13.0%
Vaccines 184 -12.2% -13.6% 26 44.4% 127 -19.5% 13 18.2% 18 -20.0% 184 -12.2% -13.6%
Pneumonia 261 10.3% 7.9% 3 200.0% 204 10.2% 8 100.0% 46 0.0% 261 10.3% 7.9%
Vaccines 116 -8.1% -14.7% 1 0.0% 3 -250.0% 20 40.0% 92 -18.0% 116 -8.1% -14.7%
Vaccines 184 6.1% 2.8% 16 -11.1% 69 38.0% 23 -19.4% 76 0.0% 184 6.1% 2.8%
Dengue 20 - - 0 - 0 - 0 - 20 - 20 - -
Vaccines 1,422 7.1% 3.5% 105 39.5% 575 -9.2% 130 12.7% 612 20.7% 1,422 7.1% 3.5%
Company 15,926 -0.8% -4.2% 4,412 2.3% 5,356 0.1% 1,559 -14.6% 4,599 0.5% 15,926 -0.8% -4.2%
Health 1,485 13.2% 10.1% 320 4.2% 728 11.8% 129 16.8% 308 25.2% 1,485 13.2% 10.1%
Aggre-
Sales 17,411 0.2% -3.2% 4,732 2.5% 6,084 1.4% 1,688 -12.8% 4,907 1.7% 17,411 0.2% -3.2%
Appendix 2: 2016 Second-quarter and first-half Business net income statement
2016 Pharma-
ceuticals Vaccines Others Total
Company Animal
(1) Total:
million Q2
2015 % Q2
2015 %
sales 7,
346 7,800 (5.8
%) 797 777 2.6
% - - 8,143 8,577 725 691 4.9
% 8,868 9,268 (4.3
%)
reve-
(3) 68 67 1.5
% 97 118 (17.8
%) - - 165 185 8 8 173 193 (10.4
sales (2,
046) (2,252) (9.1
%) (477) (450) (6.0
%) - - (2,523) (2,702) (242) (236) 2.5
% (2,765) (2,938) (5.9
As %
of net
sales (27.
9%) (28.9%) (59.8%) (57.9%) - - (31.0%) (31.5%) (33.4%) (34.2%) (31.2%) (31.7%)
profit 5,
%) 417 445 (6.3
%) - - 5,785 6,060 491 463 6.0
sales 73.
1% 72.0% 52.3% 57.3% - - 71.0% 70.7% 67.7% 67.0% 70.8% 70.4%
velop-
penses (1,
138) (1,104) 3.1
% (141) (142) (0.7
%) - - (1,279) (1,246) (46) (44) 4.5
% (1,325) (1,290) 2.7
As % of
5%) (14.2%) (17.7%) (18.3%) - - (15.7%) (14.5%) (6.3%) (6.4%) (14.9%) (13.9%)
) (2,216) (0.0
/ex-
penses 3 (11) (1) 1 (25) (15) (23) (25) - 5 (23) (20)
profit/
loss of
asso-
ciates*
ven-
tures 28 29 2 1 - - 30 30 - - 30 30
attri-
butable
to non-
interests (23) (29) - - - - (23) (29) - - (23) (29)
Busi-
opera-
come 2,
023 2,284 (11.4
%) 95 117 (18.8
%) (25) (15) 2,093 2,386 192 180 6.7
% 2,285 2,566 (11.0
5% 29.3% 11.9% 15.1
% 25.7% 27.8% 26.5% 26.0% 25.8% 27.7%
Finan-
penses
(4) (76) (112)
pense(4) (529) (614)
Tax rate** 24.0% 25.0%
come 1,680 1,840 (8.7
net sales 18.9% 19.9%
share***
(in
euros) 1.31 1.41 (7.1
* Net of tax.
** Determined on the basis of Business income before tax, associates and non-controlling interests.
*** Based on an average number of shares outstanding of 1,286.8 million in the second quarter of 2016 and 1,305.9 million in the second quarter of 2015.
Pursuant to IFRS 5 presentation requirement as "discontinued operations", Animal Health business net result is reported on the single income statement line Net income from the held-for-exchange Animal Health business for 2016 and prior years. Until the closing of the transaction, Animal Health remains an operating segment of the Company.
Including Animal Health Business which is reported on a single line in the consolidated income statements in accordance with IFRS 5 (Non-current held for sale and discontinued operations). Additionally, Sanofi comments include Animal Health Business for every income statement line using "aggregate" wording.
As per a change in accounting presentation, VaxServe sales of non-Group products are reported in Other revenues from 2016 onwards. Prior period Net sales and Other revenues have been represented accordingly.
Aggregate amount including Animal Health business.
Health(1) Total:
basis(2)
million H1
2016 H1
2015 % H1
2016 H1 2015 H1
sales 14,
504 15,255 (4.9
%) 1,422 1,374 3.5
% - - 15,926 16,629 1,485 1,349 10.1
% 17,411 17,978 (3.2
(3) 122 129 (5.4
%) 188 224 (16.1
%) - - 310 353 18 20 (10.0
%) (827) (826) 0.1
% - - (4,970) (5,268) (488) (456) 7.0
profit 10,
% - - 11,266 11,714 1,015 913 11.2
sale 72.
% (268) (262) 2.3
% - - (2,514) (2,405) (89) (84) 6.0
As % o
penses 110 (39) (1) 2 (39) (55) 70 (92) (14) 5 56 (87)
of profit/
tures 44 61 9 - - - 53 61 - - 53 61
trolling interests (50) (62) - - - - (50) (62) - - (50) (62)
% (39) (55) 4,216 4,562 453 402 12.7
1% 29.2% 12.3% 12.2% 26.5% 27.4% 30.5% 29.8% 26.8% 27.6%
(4) (194) (209)
(4) (1,073) (1,189)
rate** 24.0% 25.0%
sales 19.5% 19.8%
*** Based on an average number of shares outstanding of 1,287.6 million in the first semester of 2016 and 1,307.2 million in the first semester of 2015.
Appendix 3: Reconciliation of Business net income to Net income attributable to equity holders of Sanofi
€ million Q2 2016(1) Q2 2015(1) Change
Business net income 1,680 1,840 (8.7%)
Amortization of intangible assets(2) (433) (489)
Impairment of intangible assets (52) (1)
Fair value remeasurement of contingent
consideration liabilities (38) 70
Restructuring costs and similar items (127) (27)
Other gains and losses, and litigation - -
Tax effect of items listed above: 210 161
Amortization of intangible assets 151 169
Impairment of intangible assets 16 -
Fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration liabilities 4 (21)
Restructuring costs and similar items 39 13
Other tax items (113) (111)
Share of items listed above attributable to non-controlling interests 8 2
Restructuring costs of associates and joint ventures, and expenses arising from the impact of acquisitions on associates and joint ventures (16) (65)
Animal Health items(3) 58 (78)
Other Sanofi Pasteur MSD items(4) (19) -
Net income attributable to equity holders of Sanofi 1,158 1,302 (11.1%)
IFRS earnings per share(5) (in euros) 0.90 1.00
(1) Animal Health reported separately in accordance with IFRS 5 (Non-Current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations).
(2) Of which related to amortization expense generated by the remeasurement of intangible assets as part of business combinations: €399 million in the second quarter of 2016 and €460 million in the second quarter of 2015.
(3) Includes the following items: Impact of the discontinuation of depreciation and impairment of Property, Plant & Equipment starting at IFRS 5 application (Non-current held for sale and discontinued operations), impact of the amortization and impairment of intangible assets until IFRS 5 application, costs incurred as a result of the divestment as well as tax effect of these items, and outside basis deferred tax impact.
(4) Includes the following items: Impact of the discontinuation of the equity accounting of the Sanofi Pasteur MSD business net income since the announcement by Sanofi and Merck of their intent to end their joint vaccins operations in Europe, as well as outside basis deferred tax impact.
(5) Based on an average number of shares outstanding of 1,286.8 million in the second quarter of 2016 and 1,305.9 million in the second quarter of 2015.
€ million H1 2016(1) H1 2015(1) Change
Impairment of intangible assets (52) (28)
Restructuring costs and similar items (627) (380)
Impairment of intangible assets 16 10
Fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration liabilities 15 (14)
Restructuring costs and similar items 210 134
Restructuring costs of associates and joint ventures, and expenses arising from the impact of acquisitions on associates and joint ventures 54 (127)
Animal Health items(3) (13) (154)
Net income attributable to equity holders of Sanofi 2,245 2,325 (3.4%)
(2) Of which related to amortization expense generated by the remeasurement of intangible assets as part of business combinations: €809 million in the first semester of 2016 and €931 million in the first semester of 2015.
(3) Includes the following items: Impact of the discontinuation of depreciation and impairment of Property, Plant & Equipment starting at IFRS 5 application (Non-current held for sale and discontinued operations), impact of the amortization and impairment of intangible assets until IFRS 5 application, and costs incurred as a result of the divestment as well as tax effect of these items.
(5) Based on an average number of shares outstanding of 1,287.6 million in the first semester of 2016 and 1,307.2 million in the first semester of 2015.
Appendix 4: Consolidated income statements
€ million Q2 2016(1) Q2 2015(1)(2) H1 2016(1) H1 2015(1)(2)
Net sales 8,143 8,577 15,926 16,629
Other revenues 165 185 310 353
Cost of sales (2,523) (2,702) (4,970) (5,268)
Gross profit 5,785 6,060 11,266 11,714
Research and development expenses (1,279) (1,246) (2,514) (2,405)
Selling and general expenses (2,397) (2,404) (4,609) (4,654)
Other operating income 48 40 265 74
Other operating expenses (71) (65) (195) (166)
Amortization of intangible assets (433) (489) (877) (988)
Impairment of intangible assets (52) (1) (52) (28)
Fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration liabilities (38) 70 (67) 71
Restructuring costs and similar items (127) (27) (627) (380)
Operating income 1,436 1,938 2,590 3,238
Financial expenses (112) (131) (241) (262)
Financial income 38 21 50 57
Income before tax and associates and joint ventures 1,362 1,828 2,399 3,033
Income tax expense (380) (508) (497) (692)
Share of profit/loss of associates and joint ventures 5 (35) 98 (66)
Net income excluding the held for exchange Animal Health business 987 1,285 2,000 2,275
Net income from the held for exchange Animal Health Business 186 44 286 109
Net income 1,173 1,329 2,286 2,384
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 15 27 41 59
Net income attributable to equity holders of Sanofi 1,158 1,302 2,245 2,325
Average number of shares outstanding (million) 1,286.8 1,305.9 1,287.6 1,307.2
Earnings per share (in euros) excluding the held for exchange Animal Health Business 0.76 0.96 1.52 1.70
IFRS earnings per share (in euros) 0.90 1.00 1.74 1.78
Including Animal Health Business which is reported on a single line in the consolidated income statements in accordance with
IFRS 5 (Non-current held for sale and discontinued operations).
Appendix 5: Change in net debt
€ million H1 2016 H1 2015
Business net income 3,402 3,566
Depreciation amortization and impairment of property, plant and equipment and software 638 628
Net gains and losses on disposals of non-current assets, net of tax (27) (44)
Other non-cash items (19) (218)
Operating cash flow before changes in working capital(1) 3,994 3,932
Changes in working capital(1) (753) (181)
Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment and software (700) (667)
Free cash flow(1) 2,541 3,084
Acquisitions of intangibles, excluding software (556) (280)
Acquisitions of investments, including assumed debt(1) (369) (169)
Restructuring costs and similar items paid (347) (345)
Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment, intangibles, and other non-current assets, net of tax 262 86
Issuance of Sanofi shares 17 462
Dividends paid to shareholders of Sanofi (3,759) (3,694)
Acquisition of treasury shares (1,403) (1,243)
Disposals of treasury shares, net of tax - 1
Transactions with non-controlling interests including dividends (9) (16)
Foreign exchange impact 107 (391)
Other items (231) (50)
Change in net debt (3,747) (2,555)
(1) Excluding restructuring costs and similar items
Appendix 6: Simplified consolidated balance sheet
€ million 06/30/16 12/31/15 LIABILITIES
€ million 06/30/16 12/31/15
Equity attributable to equity-holders of Sanofi 54,190 58,049
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests 157 161
Total equity 54,347 58,210
Property, plant and equipment 9,819 9,943 Long-term debt 14,850 13,118
Intangible assets (including goodwill) 50,514 51,583 Non-current liabilities related to business combinations and to non-controlling interests 1,027 1,121
Non-current financial assets, investments in associates, and deferred tax assets 10,435 10,115 Provisions and other non-current liabilities 9,895 9,169
Deferred tax liabilities 2,774 2,895
Non-current assets 70,768 71,641 Non-current liabilities 28,546 26,303
Accounts payable and other current liabilities 12,607 13,259
Inventories, accounts receivable and other current assets 16,259 15,780 Current liabilities related to business combinations and to non-controlling interests 210 130
Cash and cash equivalents 6,076 9,148 Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt 2,427 3,436
Current assets 22,335 24,928 Current liabilities 15,244 16,825
Assets held for sale or exchange 6,010 5,752 Liabilities related to assets held for sale or exchange 976 983
Total ASSETS 99,113 102,321 Total LIABILITIES & EQUITY 99,113 102,321
2016 Business EPS currency sensitivity
Currency Variation Business EPS Sensitivity
U.S. Dollar -0.05 USD/EUR +EUR 0.13
Japanese Yen +5 JPY/EUR -EUR 0.02
Chinese Yuan +0.2 CNY/EUR -EUR 0.02
Brazilian Real +0.4 BRL/EUR -EUR 0.01
Russian Ruble +10 RUB/EUR -EUR 0.04
Currency exposure on Q2 2016 and 2015 sales
Currency Q2 2016 2015*
US $ 36.1% 36.3%
Euro € 24.5% 23.1%
Chinese Yuan 5.8% 5.7%
Japanese Yen 4.9% 5.4%
Brazilian Real 2.7% 2.8%
British Pound 1.9% 2.1%
Australian $ 1.6% 1.4%
Canadian $ 1.4% 1.5%
Russian Ruble 1.2% 1.6%
Mexican Peso 1.3% 1.8%
Others 18.6% 18.3%
*Excluding VaxServe
Currency average rates
Q2 2015 Q2 2016 Change
€/$ 1.10 1.13 +2.2%
€/Yen 134.14 121.98 -9.1%
€/Yuan 6.85 7.38 +7.7%
€/Real 3.39 3.96 +16.8%
€/Ruble 58.12 74.35 +27.9%
Appendix 8: R&D Pipeline
N : New Molecular Entity
LixiLan
Fixed-Ratio insulin glargine+lixisenatide
Type 2 diabetes, U.S., EU
Dengvaxia®(1)
Mild-to-severe
dengue fever vaccine
sarilumab
Anti-IL6R mAb
Rheumatoid arthritis, U.S, EU
PR5i
DTP-HepB-Polio-Hib
Pediatric hexavalent vaccine, U.S.
VaxiGrip® QIV IM
Quadrivalent inactivated
influenza vaccine (3 years+)
SAR342434
insulin lispro
Type 1+2 diabetes
Toxoid vaccine
sotagliflozin
Oral SGLT-1&2 inhibitor
Type 1 diabetes VaxiGrip® QIV IM
influenza vaccine (6-35 months)
Anti-IL4R alpha mAb
Atopic dermatitis, Asthma
Pediatric pentavalent vaccine
DTP-Polio-Hib
patisiran (ALN-TTR02)
siRNA inhibitor targeting TTR
Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy
Men Quad TT
2nd generation meningococcal
ACYW conjugate vaccine
revusiran (ALN-TTRsc)
Familial amyloidotic cardiomyopathy
Approved in Brazil, Mexico, the Philippines El Salvador and Costa Rica
Nasal polyposis; Eosinophilic oesophagitis
isatuximab
Anti-CD38 naked mAb
Rabies VRVg
Purified vero rabies vaccine
IL4/IL13 Bi-specific mAb
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
PD-1 inhibitor
Advanced CSCC (Skin cancer)
Recombinant subunit vaccine
LPA1 receptor antagonist
olipudase alfa
rhASM Deficiency
Niemann-Pick type B
Fluzone® QIV HD
influenza vaccine - High dose
Type 2 diabetes N
Oral GCS inhibitor
Fabry Disease
efpeglenatide
Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist
ABCA4 gene therapy
Uveitis N
ferroquine / OZ439
GLD52 (anti-CD52 mAb)
Relapsing multiple sclerosis
Maytansin-loaded anti-CA6 mAb
Anti-protofibrillar AB mAb
TRKA antagonist
Maytansin-loaded anti-CEACAM5 mAb
Myosin inhibitor
GLP-1R/GCGR dual agonist
Maytansin-loaded anti-LAMP1 mAb
rho kinase
GLP-1R/GIPR dual agonist
neo GAA
EP2 receptor agonist
Elevated intraocular pressure
SAR440067 (LAPS Insulin 115)
Long acting insulin analog
Type 1 & 2 diabetes N
Anti-miR21 RNA
Alport syndrome Streptococcus pneumonia
Meningitis & pneumonia vaccine
fitusiran (ALN-AT3)
siRNA targeting Anti-Thrombin
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2
HSV-2 vaccine
UshStat®
Myosin 7A gene therapy
Usher syndrome 1B
Appendix 9: Expected R&D milestones
Product Event Timing
Dengvaxia® Expected regulatory decision in endemic countries Throughout 2016
dupilumab Expected U.S. regulatory filing in Atopic Dermatitis Q3 2016
insulin lispro Expected SORELLA 2 Phase III top line results in Diabetes Q3 2016
NeoGAA (GZ402666) Expected start of Phase III trial in Pompe Disease Q3 2016
LixiLan Expected U.S. regulatory decision in Type 2 Diabetes Q3 2016
sarilumab Expected U.S. regulatory decision in Rheumatoid Arthritis Q4 2016
Praluent® Expected results of ODYSSEY OUTCOMES 2nd interim analysis(1) Q4 2016
VaxiGrip® QIV IM (3 years+) Expected EU regulatory decision Q4 2016
sotagliflozin Expected start of Phase III trial in Type 2 Diabetes Q4 2016
efpeglenatide Expected start of Phase III trial in Type 2 Diabetes Q4 2016
isatuximab (anti-CD38) Expected start of Phase III trial in Multiple Myeloma Q4 2016
dupilumab Expected start of Phase III trial in Nasal Polyposis Q1 2017
fitusiran Expected start of Phase III trial in Hemophilia Q1 2017
dupilumab Expected U.S. regulatory decision in Atopic Dermatitis H1 2017
Second interim analysis for futility and overwhelming efficacy when 75% of the targeted number of primary events have occurred
Appendix 10: Definitions of non-GAAP financial indicators
"Company" corresponds to Sanofi and its subsidiaries
Sanofi comments include Animal Health Business for every income statement line using "Aggregate" wording;
Aggregate Company sales at constant exchange rates (CER)
When we refer to changes in our Aggregate net sales "at constant exchange rates" (CER), this means that we exclude the effect of changes in exchange rates.
We eliminate the effect of exchange rates by recalculating Aggregate net sales for the relevant period at the exchange rates used for the previous period.
Reconciliation of net sales to Aggregate Company sales at constant exchange rates for the second quarter and the first half of 2016
€ million Q2 2016 H1 2016
Net sales 8,143 15,926
Animal Health net sales 725 1,485
Aggregate Company sales 8,868 17,411
Effect of exchange rates +382 +610
Aggregate Company sales at constant exchange rates 9,250 18,021
Business net income
Sanofi publishes a key non-GAAP indicator.
Business net income is defined as net income attributable to equity holders of Sanofi excluding:
amortization of intangible assets.
impairment of intangible assets.
fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration liabilities related to business combinations.
other impacts associated with acquisitions (including impacts of acquisitions on associates).
restructuring costs(1) and similar items.
other gains and losses (including gains and losses on disposals of non-current assets(1)).
costs or provisions associated with litigation(1).
tax effects related to the items listed above as well as effects of major tax disputes.
tax (3%) on dividends paid to Sanofi shareholders.
Animal Health items out of business net income(2).
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests related to the items listed above.
Other items relating to the Sanofi Pasteur MSD joint venture(3).
Reported in the line items Restructuring costs and Gains and losses on disposals, and litigation, which are defined in Note B.20. to our consolidated financial statements.
Impact of discontinuation of depreciation and impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment starting at IFRS 5 application (non-current assets held for sales and discontinued operations), amortization and impairment of intangible assets until IFRS 5 application and costs incurred as a result of the divestment as well as tax effect of these items.
Elimination of the Group's share of the business net income of Sanofi Pasteur MSD from the date when Sanofi and Merck announced their intention to end their joint venture, plus an income tax charge arising from the taxable temporary differences relating to the investment in the joint venture
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Football (Moderators: Tallman, Flex, FF, E-man, asylumseeker) »
Thread for the T&T Men's U-17 Qualifier (Aug 2010).
Author Topic: Thread for the T&T Men's U-17 Qualifier (Aug 2010). (Read 16573 times)
A Trini 4 Real.
Trinidad & Tobago vs. St. Kitts/Nevis, Marvin Lee Stadium - August, 18th, 2010. (11:00).
Trinidad & Tobago vs. Cuba, Marvin Lee Stadium - August, 20th, 2010. (17:00).
Trinidad & Tobago vs. Bermuda, Marvin Lee Stadium - August, 22nd, 2010. (17:00).
NOTE - Any Warrior Nation members going to the games we kindly asked if you can get the T&T players names (correct spelling), positions played and shirt numbers for us. Thank you.
Winners of Group E & F automatically qualify to the CONCACAF Finals in 2011. Group F fixtures of the CFU U-17 Qualifying event have not yet been released.
« Last Edit: August 22, 2010, 07:30:45 PM by Tallman »
The real measure of a man's character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.
ZANDOLIE
Re: Thread for the T&T Men's U-17 Qualifier (Aug 2010).
Youth football is the only semi-bright spot in the game in this country, both the boys and girls teams making the senior sides look like mooks
Sacred cows make the best hamburger
Quote from: Flex on August 15, 2010, 06:30:06 AM
11 and 5 dem chirren have curfew oh what.
Trini _2022
You have not heard anything on this team yet and these games start in 3 days
http://www.youtube.com/v/sh8SeGmzai4
Quote from: Trini _2014 on August 15, 2010, 02:02:27 PM
D TRAINING HARD but is d best keep secret like d Colnel 12 herbs and spicies.
Tallman
SKN U-17 football team off to Trinidad for FIFA Qualifiers second leg
sknvibes.com
THE St. Kitts and Nevis Under-17 football team winged out of the Federation yesterday (Aug. 16) for the second leg of the FIFA World Cup Championship Qualifiers in Trinidad.
According to head coach Al Edwards, it is the third FIFA World Cup Championship at this level and the first time his team has made it this far.
Edwards said the team has a good chance as any in qualifying for the next round.
Tomorrow (Aug. 18) they will be playing against Trinidad and Tobago at 11:00 a.m. This will be followed by a match against Bermuda on Friday, August 20 at 3:00 p.m. and another against Cuba on Sunday, August 22, also at 3:00 p.m.
Edwards said that since the team returned from the first leg in Antigua in which they were successful, the players have been undergoing some extensive training.
He said the young footballers were a part of a training day camp which began around 9:00 a.m. and ended at 8:00 p.m. at Warner Park and Basseterre High School grounds.
He also said that motivational speakers were brought in to speak to the young men and get them mentally prepared to match with their physical training.
Edwards said the team was also involved in a community outreach programme at the Children’s Home where they interacted with the children.
The team had left for the first round in Antigua on Monday, July 19 where they won two matches and drew one.
In the first match, the team drew 2-2 with Antigua and was told that they had to beat the other teams by a large margin in order to qualify.
The young ball weavers went on to play St. Maarten and Anguilla and they convincingly won both matches 7-1 and 12-nil respectively.
At a welcoming ceremony held in the VIP room at the RLB Airport, several officials, including Permanent Secretary within the Ministry of Sports Lloyd Lazar and President of the St. Kitts-Nevis Football Association Anthony Johnson, congratulated the team on its success.
Recently, the footballers were treated to a luncheon at the Football House by students of the Youth Empowerment through Skills (YES) Programme.
The team is scheduled to return to the Federation on Monday, August 23.
The Conquering Lion of Judah shall break every chain.
Sando prince
Best of luck to the youths
LIKE Soca Warriors on FB
https://www.facebook.com/socawarriors.net/?fref=ts
Anyone have the player list ?
Quote from: Flex link=topic=50621.msg684238#msg684238 date=1281875406
[i
Winners of Group E & F automatically qualify to the CONCACAF Finals in 2011. Group F fixtures of the CFU U-17 Qualifying event have not yet been released.[/i]
This is because Jamaica is bidding to host the final round again ...like they did in 2007
Quote from: Trini _2014 on August 18, 2010, 08:30:05 AM
D press give we 2 names I guess we have 2 figure out d other 9 that strtin. Assumin d 2 strt.
Quote from: weary1969 on August 18, 2010, 08:46:39 AM
If you going to the game weary, we will depend on you to give us the teams and updates.
You guys chase away YoursTruly.
Quote from: Sando on August 18, 2010, 09:34:12 AM
Goin 2 d game u eh hear I have govt wuk and Manning was meh man so I skatin on thin ice. D scoore at 32 min in d 1st half TNT leadin 1-0 so far all d play iz TNT. My peeps will update me later so once I know all yuh go know.
hmmm 1-0 that's nice
D St. Kitts goalie was ejected 4 a bad tackle and iz now 7-0 wit 4 min 2 go. In fact it should have been 15-0 but yuh know we luv 2 throw way. whoever number 9 iz he have 4 goals.
Fri all yuh go get a next lil update. I get Patos permission so I will b at d game on sun.
no player listing no match report yet .... i wonder wha Fuentes up to
thanks weary...keep going U 17s
Quote from: Big Magician on August 18, 2010, 03:36:57 PM
Dumplingdinho
anybody know if muckette played?
T&T beat St. Kitts Nevis 8-0
Kiel Pierre 8'
Garvin Samaroo 50'
Shackiel Henry 61', 66', 73', 84, 90'
Tarik Nicholls
Nicholas Marcano
Dario Holmes
Damani Richards
Neil Benjamin
8. Duane Muckette (Tevonne Morris 66')
9. Shackiel Henry
Jomal Williams
11. Garvin Samaroo (Dwight Quintero 80')
Kiel Pierre (Glenn Sutton 65')
Quesi Weston
46' Damani Richards
53' Duane Muckette
Quote from: Nightmare on August 18, 2010, 06:04:22 PM
Yes, he started, and got substituted in the 66th minute.
« Last Edit: August 20, 2010, 05:20:31 AM by Tallman »
U-17S whip St Kitts in CFU opener.
ttffonline.com.
The opening Stage II matches of the CFU Men’s U-17 Qualifiers began with Cuba and Trinidad & Tobago’s completing convincing victories over Bermuda and St. Kitts & Nevis respectively at the Marvin Lee Stadium, Macoya on Wednesday morning.
Cuba kicked-off Stage II with a 3-1 victory over Bermuda while hosts T&T toppled St Kitts/Nevis 8-0 in the second game of the double header.
Cuba dominated the first half with Daniel Saez opening their score sheet in the 18th minute while Cuban striker, Dairon Perez, scored a double in the 33rd and 44th minutes to wrap up the first-half. In the second half, the Bermuda team missed quite a few opportunities at goal, however, they did manage to capitalize on one, through Zeiko Lewis.
In the second match, T&T totally outplayed the St. Kitts and Nevis outfit The first half was fairly even play with the locals scoring only once, early on, in the 8th minute through Kiel Pierre. St. Kitts & Nevis goalkeeper Micheal Perez was sent off in the 37th minute for dissent against the referee and his team did well to finish the first 45 minutes without giving up any further goals.
The home team maximized on its one player advantage . T&T’s Shackiel Henry proved to be too much for the St. Kitts & Nevis defence as he scored five of the eight in the 61st, 66th, 73rd, 84th and 91st minutes. Garvin Samaroo was the other scorer in the 50th minute and Glen Sutton got the other item in the 77th.
Matches will continue on Friday 20th and Sunday 22nd August at the Marvin Lee Stadium, Macoya, Trinidad at 3pm and 5pm. Tickets cost TT20.00 for adults and TT10.00 for kids under 10 years old. The Group winner and runner-up automatically qualify to the CONCACAF U-17 Finals to be held in February 2011. (CFU. Aug 18,2010)
MATCH DAY 1 of 3
09:00 Cuba 3-1 Bermuda
Goal Scorers: CUB – (11) Daniel Luis Saez 18”, (9) Dairon Perez 33”, 44”; BER – (10) Zeiko Lewis 70”
11:00 Trinidad & Tobago 8-0 St. Kitts & Nevis
Goal Scorers: TRI – (17) Kiel Pierre 8”; (11) Garvin Samaroo 50”; (9) Shackiel Henry 61”, 66”, 73”, 84”, 91; (16) Glen Sutton 77”
MATCH DAY 2 of 3 - August 20th, 2010
15:00 Bermuda vs St. Kitts & Nevis & 17:00 Trinidad & Tobago vs Cuba
MATCH DAY 3 of 3 - August 22nd, 2010
15:00 St. Kitts & Nevis vs Cuba & 17:00 Trinidad & Tobago vs Bermuda
Warrior Nation Member At Large
Quote from: Tallman on August 18, 2010, 07:20:01 PM
Duane Muckette (Tevonne Morris 66')
Shackiel Henry
Garvin Samaroo (Dwight Quintero 80')
what happen to the two foreign based ?? dem eh good enough to start ah wha
But this not soundin good "The first half was fairly even play with the locals scoring only once"
Cuba will be the acid test. Good luck youths
nice to see glenn sutton on de squad, another good player.
Match Report from person present
Ferrieira did not dress yesterday as he's carrying a little bit of a groin strain and he's more or less day to day decision, so we'll see if he's fit enough for Friday's game.
Team played very well and it was a nice confidence boost which will hopefully take them comfortably through the tournament. Cuba is a big team and has a fair bit of speed, which will provide a stronger challenge. However the Cuban defense is a bit soft and they are not a strong passing team.
Bermuda is also a fast team, but their conditioning is very poor and they rely mostly on #10 and #8...Like Cuba they do not keep possession for a long time and lack patience.
Trinidad on their showing in training and the game should dominate. Coach Cooper is back so we'll see if there are different tactics. The weakest part of the T&T game is the goal, the defense is strong (right back is the weaker side), midfield is strong and the best players in the centre with 5 players competing for 2 positions. At this time Murkette (#8 solid passer) and Jomal (#10 talented but overplays like yesterday) are the main picks. Up front they forwards had a good game, but they can be streaky and may be tough for them against a good defense, as #9 (Henry) is more of a reactive forward and Samaroo plays with his head down.
Police face and dog heart.
Why, yuh know him well, who he does play for, what school and club ?
Give we an update
Faster than a speeding pittbull
Stronger than a shot of ba-bash
Capable of storming any fete
100% Barataria
aka Nachilus
Who makin de turn tomorrow for de Cuba game?
Education is our passport for the future for the future belongs to those who prepare for it today
We need Touches.....
Thanks though Weary....
so what about noreiga ...was he on the bench ?? up to now we have not gotten the full team along with the player clubs !!!!
« Last Edit: August 19, 2010, 09:50:02 AM by Trini _2014 »
This is not the official list, but it's what I have been able to research. It's subject to correction.
Kevin Dodds (Joe Public, San Juan North Secondary)
Defenders:
Dario Holmes (Scarborough Secondary)
Nicholas Marcano (Joe Public, North Eastern College)
Tarik Nicholls (Joe Public, Queen's Royal College)
Rondel Phillip (W-Connection)
Damani Richards (Joe Public) - vice captain
Midfielders:
Neil Benjamin (W-Connection, Naparima College)
Shackiel Henry (W-Connection, St. Benedicts College)
Tevonne Morris (W-Connection, Presentation College Chaguanas)
Duane Muckette (1st FC Santa Rosa, Queen's Royal College) - captain
Adan Noel (W-Connection, Vessigny Secondary)
Kiel Pierre (Ma Pau)
Xavier Rajpaul (St. Ann’s Rangers, Fatima College)
Garvin Samaroo (San Juan Jabloteh, St Anthony's College)
Jomal Williams (Caledonia AIA)
Forwards:
Dwight Quintero (Joe Public)
Glenn Sutton (W-Connection, Vessigny Secondary)
Duane Muckette (captain)
Damani Richards (vice captain)
Quote from: Sam on August 19, 2010, 07:32:04 AM
saw a lot of under 16 games in south last year and he played for Pres (also played a few chmapionship games as well), also henry played for benedicts...they were two of the better young players in south...from tallman list it looks like sutton might be playing for vessigny this year...saw neil benjamin play once and he looked real good but one game dont make a player....however, i real hesitant to rate up men since they playing mediocre competition but these fellahs look good.
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Your email address has been verified. Enjoy your free articles.
U.S. under-15 boys national team roster
by Soccer America , Mar 23, 2013
[HOME DEPOT CENTER CAMP] U.S. under-15 boys national team head coach Tony Lepore called up 32 players (1998 age group) for an eight-day training camp that begins Saturday at U.S. Soccer’s National Training Center at the Home Depot Center. The group includes Joe Gallardo Jr., who was previously a member of Nomads SC before moving to Monterrey in Mexico, and Joshua Perez, who recently trained at AC Milan.
U.S. U-15 Roster:
GOALKEEPERS (3): Abraham Romero (LA Galaxy; Altadena, Calif.), Kevin Silva (PDA; Bethlehem, Pa.), Andrew Verdi (FC DELCO; Ivyland, Pa.)
DEFENDERS (10): Hugo Arellano (Chivas USA; Norwalk, Calif.), Daniel Barbir (PDA; Macungie, Pa.), George Braima (Crew Soccer Academy; Columbus, Ohio), Pierre Da Silva (New York SC; Port Chester, N.Y.), Mason Deeds (New York Red Bulls; Topton, Pa.), Tanner Dieterich (Brentwood Boys Premier; Nashville, Tenn.), Luka Prpa (North Shore United; Wind Lake, Wis.), Alexis Velela (Carmel Valley Manchester; San Diego, Calif.), Brian Zelaya (De Anza Force Academy; San Mateo, Calif.), Gary Zhao (Cincinnati United SC; Mason, Ohio)
MIDFIELDERS (11): Eric Calvillo (Real So Cal; Palmdale, Calif.), Luca De La Torre (San Diego Surf; San Diego Calif.), Alexis Dionicio (Sacramento United, Sacramento, Calif.), Kyle Gurrieri (NJSA 04; Totowa, N.J.), Weston McKennie (FC Dallas; Little Elm, Texas), Matthew Olasunde (New York Red Bulls; Trenton, N.J.), Logan Panchot (SL Scott Gallagher; St. Louis, Mo.), Andrew Perez (Downtown SC Premier; Gardena, Calif.), Emmanuel Perez (FC Florida; Boynton Beach, Fla.), Christian Pulisic (PA Classics; Hershey, Pa.), Alejandro Zendejas (FC Dallas; Allen, Texas)
FORWARDS (8): Joe Gallardo Jr. (Monterrey; San Diego, Calif.), Lagos Kunga (DDYSC 98 Wolves Elite; Atlanta, Ga.), David Loera (Orlando City; Orlando, Fla.), Elijah Rice (Chicago Magic PSG; Highland Park, Ill.), Raheem Taylor-Parkes (Montverde Academy; Wesley Chapel, Fla.), Joshua Perez (Chivas USA; La Habra, Calif.), Sean Teixeira (New York Red Bulls; Trumbull, Conn.), Haji Wright (LA Galaxy; Los Angeles, Calif.)
1 comment about "U.S. under-15 boys national team roster".
R2 Dad, March 25, 2013 at 12:19 a.m.
I see two kids from NorCal, but would like to add a couple more for consideration. I centered a match yesterday featuring some really good talent that should get a chance to show what they've got. Lepore should check out these kids on Viking Hook: Simmons (9), Driver (18), Almendares (31), plus a couple others. It's hard to tell what the kids will be like when they come out the other side of 17, so I'd think it would be wise to track as many promising players as possible.
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The Rolling Stones - Through The Past, Darkly (Big Hits Vol.2)
RSD 2019 exclusive release.
Reissue of the long out of print UK edition of the Rolling Stones’ second ‘best of’ LP, reissued for RSD exclusive and the 50th anniversary. Originally released in 1969, it included four top-10 singles and two number ones! Includes original 12-track album on heavyweight orange-coloured vinyl. Features unique octagonal artwork in a stunning gatefold sleeve!·Stereo edition cut by Sean Magee at Abbey Road Studios, London. Includes Jumpin’ Jack Flash, Street Fighting Man, Honky Tonk Women, She’s A Rainbow (recently used in the Dior TV advert) & many other classic hits.
Through The Past, Darkly (Big Hits Vol.2)
LP (8-sided Pic Disc)
The Rolling Stones - Let It Bleed
Rolling Stones - Some Girls [VINYL]
The Rolling Stones - Some Girls
The Rolling Stones - Sympathy For The Devil [DVD]
The Rolling Stones - Exile On Main Street
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Reports of Fox Trading Galactus to Marvel May Be Premature, But Daredevil Could Still Go Back to Marvel
Posted on Monday, August 6th, 2012 by Russ Fischer
Briefly: What’s really going on with Marvel and Fox? It was wild to hear earlier today that Marvel Studios and Fox are looking to do a little horse trading, with Marvel giving Fox more time to make a new Daredevil movie before the rights go back to Marvel this October. The deal would be that Marvel gets a couple characters Fox holds the rights to: Galactus and the Silver Surfer. But now we’re into the re-spin mode, with Fox saying there’s no chance of giving up Galactus. After all, he’s a key part of the Fantastic Four character stable. With Fox just about to make a new FF movie, it seemed weird that the studio would give away such a huge character in the first place.
And so Deadline reports talk from “studio insiders” that say Fox is actually looking at letting Daredevil go back to Marvel. Sure, the studio has a reportedly great script in hand with a ’70s thriller / classic Frank Miller vibe and Joe Carnahan (The Grey) in talks to direct. Looking at the recent Fox lineup, however, the success the studio has had with films like X-Men: First Class and Rise of the Planet of the Apes point to the studio being a lot more interested in Fantastic Four than Daredevil. A ’70s thriller vigilante hero movie isn’t the sort of thing Fox seems interested in now.
What Fox reportedly is interested in is either co-financing Daredevil with Marvel and Disney, or just letting the character go. This one is developing, and we’ll have more soon. Don’t get to set on any one outcome until we know there’s a real deal in place.
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/Tweeted, 20th Century Fox, Comic Book/Superhero, Marvel Studios, Daredevil, The-Fantastic-Four
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Movies Quiz / Almost Useless Movie Trivia V
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Can you name the movie by the line of trivia from IMDb?
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Fox first wanted to open the film on Memorial Day and change the name to 'Doomsday' to avoid the fierce competition on July 4th.
The current exchange rate for 20,000,000 Rupees (the grand prize on 'Who Wants to be a Millionaire') is $411,600 USD.
There are about 88 dialogue-free minutes in the movie.
It took five hours for Doug Jones to get into The Pale Man costume. Once he was in it, he had to look out the nose holes to see where he was going.
The actors stayed in a room for hours on end rehearsing lines without being taped to give them a taste of what it would be like to be cooped up in a room with the same people.
This was the first animated Disney movie to have an interracial romance.
Anne Hathaway suffered from hypothermia while filming in Iceland due to the fact that her astronaut suit was open while filming scenes in the icy water.
Holly Golightly wears the same dresses all the way through the movie, simply changing the accessories to give each outfit a different look.
The prison guards wear uniforms to give the movie a better feel, even though uniforms weren't in use at the time in which the movie is set.
Over the course of filming the many fight scenes, Russell Crowe broke bones in his foot and his hip, and injured both bicep tendons.
Gregory Peck's 9 minute summation speech was nailed in one take.
Anthony Edwards is the only actor who didn't vomit while in the fighter jets.
The scenes where Chris Penn's character had to learn how to dance were added to the script because Penn really could not dance.
The photos on the main character's mirror are actual photos of Sylvester Stallone as a young boy.
The sequence where Darryl slips and falls over on the builder's supplies as he is leaving for work was unscripted, as actor Christopher McDonald genuinely lost his footing.
Sandra Bullock took a pay cut to make the film and agreed to a percentage of the film's profits, which turned out to be considerable.
Judd Apatow was originally planning on using real footage of a woman giving birth. However, he was unable to because he needed a worker's permit for the yet-to-be-born child.
When Lloyd holds up the radio, it is actually playing a song by the group Fishbone. 'In Your Eyes' by Peter Gabriel was added post-production.
The scene in which Kat reads her poem was the first and only take. Kat's tears towards the end of the poem were not planned.
Kathryn Stockett's book on which this film is based was rejected 60 times before it was eventually published.
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