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The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: ArrowInvalid
Message: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 63
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 153, in _generate_tables
df = pd.read_json(f, dtype_backend="pyarrow")
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 815, in read_json
return json_reader.read()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1025, in read
obj = self._get_object_parser(self.data)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1051, in _get_object_parser
obj = FrameParser(json, **kwargs).parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1187, in parse
self._parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1403, in _parse
ujson_loads(json, precise_float=self.precise_float), dtype=None
ValueError: Trailing data
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1997, in _prepare_split_single
for _, table in generator:
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 156, in _generate_tables
raise e
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 130, in _generate_tables
pa_table = paj.read_json(
File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 308, in pyarrow._json.read_json
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 154, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 91, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 63
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1529, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1154, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1029, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1124, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1884, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2040, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
pred_label
string | pred_label_prob
float64 | wiki_prob
float64 | text
string | source
string |
|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__cc
| 0.525341
| 0.474659
|
You are here: Home / News / New Rural Task Force
New Rural Task Force
November 3, 2014 by Bethersden Parish Council
A new Rural Task Force dedicated to preventing and detecting crime in our rural communities has been officially launched by Kent Police.
The new unit was introduced by the Chief Constable Alan Pughsley, Police and Crime Commissioner Ann Barnes and Michael Bax, Chairman of the Crime Rural Action Group at the Kent Rural Crime Conference on Wednesday 29 October.
It brings together officers from the Gypsy Liaison Team and the award-winning Rural Liaison Team into one coordinated unit.
The launch forms part of Kent Police’s new Rural Crime Strategy which was unveiled at the conference to community members.
Targeting those who cause harm to rural communities
The Rural Task Force will be focused on directly targeting those who cause harm to rural communities and listening to people who live there and will consist of officers, specially-trained to deal with wildlife crime such as hare coursing and poaching. As well as investigating rural crime, the team will also carry out pre-planned activities such as the recent Operation Nonagon alongside partner agencies including Kent Fire and Rescue Service and Kent County Council.
Op Nonagon was held on 17 September and was a targeted operation involving more than 90 officers. As a result, two men were arrested during warrants in Dover and Boughton-under-Blean near Faversham for theft offences, another man was arrested for failing to stop and driving a stolen vehicle in Thanet, a stolen caravan in Hartlip was returned to its rightful owner and a number of driving offences were detected at stop checks in High Halden.
The strong relationship between Kent Police and the rural communities it serves gained national recognition on 9 October when the Rural Liaison Team received the Country Crime Fighters award at a ceremony organised by insurance company NFU Mutual.
Dedicated unit
Kent Police Chief Constable Alan Pughsley said: ‘By forming the Rural Task Force we are making the best use of our resources in a dedicated unit so we can effectively tackle rural crime and antisocial behaviour.
‘The new task force will work alongside members of the rural community, partner agencies, the National Farmers’ Union, the Country Land and Business Association and other stakeholders as well as build on the great achievements by the Rural Liaison Team and the Gypsy Liaison Team.
‘I’m pleased to be launching the new Rural Task Force alongside the Commissioner and we look forward to seeing its many successes.’
Kent Police and Crime Commissioner Ann Barnes said: ‘Like many people in Kent I live in a rural community – and – like many people in Kent I know that the countryside can be both idyllic and also quite isolating and daunting.
‘That’s why it’s vital that every community in Kent gets the best possible policing service that we can afford and why I am delighted that we are launching the Kent Rural Task Force. The officers have already made great inroads into working with the rural community and we are seeing excellent results that they are able to achieve as a team.
‘I am also pleased that so many representatives of our rural community are attending our rural conference on Wednesday (29 October). When budgets are being cut all around, it is very important that we work together with our partners to make sure we are not duplicating what is being done and we are achieving the best possible results from the service we are giving.’
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cc/2022-05/en_middle_0051.json.gz/line2
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| 0.415596
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Popular vote of May 21, 2017
Federal law proposed September 30, 2016 on Energy (Enegergy Act, EnG)
Popular vote of February 12, 2017
Federal decree proposed September 30, 2016 on the establishment of a fund for national roads and urban transport
Federal law proposed June 17, 2016 on fiscal measures to strengthen the competitiveness of Swiss business location (Corporate Tax Reform Act)
Federal decree proposed September 30, 2016 on simplified naturalization of foreigners of third generation
Popular vote of September 25, 2016
Popular initiative proposed September 6, 2012 "For a sustainable economy based on an efficient management of resources (green economy)"
Federal decree proposed September 25, 2015 on intelligence (NDG)
Popular initiative proposed December 17, 2013 "AHVplus: for a strong AHV"
Popular vote of June 5, 2016
Popular initiative proposed April 10, 2013 "For an unconditional basic income"
Popular initiative proposed May 30, 2013 "In favor of public service"
Popular initiative proposed March 10, 2014 "For fair market financing"
Change proposed December 12, 2014 of the federal law on medically assisted procreation (Reproductive Medicine Act, FMedG)
Change proposed September 25, 2015 of the Asylum Act (Asylum Act)
Popular initiative proposed March 24, 2014 "No speculation on foodstuffs"
Popular initiative proposed November 11, 2012 "For couple and family - against the marriage penalty"
Popular initiative proposed December 28, 2012 "For the effective expulsion of criminal foreigners (Enforcement Initiative)"
Change proposed September 26, 2014 of the federal law on road transit in the Alpine region (STVG) (reconstruction of the Gotthard road tunnel)
Popular vote of June 14, 2015
Federal decree proposed December 12, 2014 on the amendment of the constitutional provision on reproductive medicine and human gene technology
Popular initiative proposed January 20, 2012 on student grants (Student Grant Initiative)
Popular initiative proposed February 15, 2013 "Tax million-franc inheritances to fund our pensions" (Inheritance Tax Reform)
Amendment of September 26, 2014 to the Federal Act on Radio and Television
Popular vote of March 8, 2015
Popular initiative "Support families! Tax-free child and education allowances"
Popular initiative "Energy tax not VAT"
Popular vote of November 30, 2014
Popular initiative "End tax breaks for millionaires (abolition of lump-sum taxation)"
Popular initiative "Stop over-population – Save our natural resources" (ECOPOP)
"Safeguard our Swiss gold (Gold Initiative)"
Popular initiative proposed September 21, 2011 « Stop to the discriminatory VAT for catering! »
Popular initiative proposed May 23, 2012 « For a public health insurance »
Federal act proposed September 27, 2013 on the Gripen fighter aircraft acquisition funds (Gripen Fund Act)
Popular initiative proposed January 23, 2012 « for the protection of fair wages »
Popular initiative proposed April 20, 2012 « Pedophiles should not be allowed to work with children »
Federal decree proposed September 19, 2013 on primary medical care
Popular vote of February 9, 2014
Popular initiative proposed February 14, 2012 « Against mass immigration »
Popular initiative proposed April 07, 2011 « Abortion funding is a private matter - Mitigating health insurance by deleting the costs of abortion from the compulsory basic insurance »
Federal decree proposed June 20, 2013 on the financing and the development of railway infrastructure (direct counter project to the popular initiative « for public transport »)
Amendment proposed March 22, 2013 of the federal act on the fee for the use of national roads (National Road Charges Act)
Popular initiative proposed July 2, 2011 « Initiative for the families: tax deductions for parents who keep their children themselves »
Popular initiative proposed March 21, 2011 «1:12 - For fair wages »
Change proposed December 14, 2012 of the federal law on the work in industry, crafts and trade (Labour Act)
Federal law proposed September 28, 2012 on the fight against communicable human diseases (Epidemics Act)
Popular initiative proposed January 01, 2012 « Yes to the abolition of compulsory military service »
Change proposed September 28, 2012 of the Asylum Act (Urgent amendments to the Asylum Act)
Popular initiative proposed July 07, 2011 « Election of the Federal Council by the people »
Change proposed June 15, 2012 of the federal law on spatial planning (Spatial Planning Act)
Popular initiative proposed February 26, 2008 « Against unfair compensation »
Federal decree proposed June 15, 2012 on family policies
Change proposed March 16, 2012 of the law on epizootic diseases
Federal decree on the promotion of youth musical education (counter-proposal to the popular initiative « youth + music »)
Popular initiative proposed January 23, 2009 « Safe living in old age »
Popular initiative proposed May 18, 2010 « Protection against passive smoking »
Change proposed September 30, 2011 of the federal law on health insurance (Managed Care)
Popular initiative proposed August 18, 2009 « For the strengthening of people’s rights in foreign policy (inter nation agreements: the people speak!)
Popular initiative proposed January 23, 2009 « Own for walls thanks to housing savings »
Popular vote of March 11, 2012
Federal law proposed March 18, 2011 on the book price regulation
Federal decree proposed September 29, 2011 regarding the regulation of gambling in favor of public interest (counter-proposal to the popular initiative « For gambling in favor of the common good »)
Popular initiative proposed June 26, 2009 « 6 weeks of vacation for all »
Popular initiative proposed September 29, 2009 « For preferential tax treatment of housing savings for the purchase of a home for personal use or the financing of energy-saving or environment-friendly constructions (initiative on housing savings) »
Popular initiative proposed December 18, 2007 « To end with invasive constructions of second homes »
Popular initiative proposed February 23, 2009 « For protection against gun violence »
Popular initiative proposed February 15, 2008 « for the deportation of foreign criminals (Deportation Initiative) »
Federal Decree from June 10, 2010 concerning the deportation and expulsion of foreign criminals under the Federal Constitution (counter-proposal to the popular initiative « for the deportation of foreign criminals [Deportation Initiative] »)
Popular initiative proposed May 6, 2008 « For fair taxes. Stop the abuse of tax competition (Initiative for fair taxes) »
Change proposed March 19, 2010 of the Federal Law on Unemployment Insurance and compensation in case of insolvency
Change proposed December 12, 2008 of the federal law on occupational retirement, survivors and disability (minimum conversion rate)
Popular initiative proposed July 26, 2007 « Against animal abuse and better leal protection of these (Initiative for the establishment of an animal welfare attorney)
Federal decree proposed September 25, 2009 relating to a constitutional article on research about research on humans
Popular initiative proposed July 08, 2008 « Against the construction of minarets »
Popular initiative proposed September 21, 2007 « For a ban on military equipment exports »
Federal decree proposed October 03, 2008 on the establishment of special funding for tasks in the field of air traffic
Federal decree proposed December 19, 2008 on the abolition of the general popular initiative
Federal decree proposed June 13, 2008 relating to the additional funding of disability insurance by a temporary increase in the VAT rate, as amended by the federal decree from June 12, 2009 changing this decree
Federal decree proposed June 13, 2008 regarding the approval and implementation of the exchange of notes between Switzerland and European Community concerning the resumption of Regulation (EC) 2252/2004 relating to the biometric passports and travel documents (Development of Schengen acquis)
Constitutional article from October 03, 2008 « For the consideration of complementary medicine »
Federal decree proposed June 13, 2008 approving the renewal of the agreement between Switzerland and the European Community and its Member States on the free movement of persons as well as the approval and implementation of the protocol to extend the agreement on free movement to Bulgaria and Romania
Popular Initiative from January 13, 2006 « for a reasonable policy on hemp effectively protecting youth »
Popular initiative proposed May 11, 2006 « Right of appeal of organizations: Enough obstructionism - More growth for Switzerland! »
Popular initiative proposed March 28, 2006 « For a flexible retirement age »
Popular initiative proposed March 1, 2006 « for the imprescriptibility of pornography offenses against children »
Change proposed 20.03.2008 of the Federal Law on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
Constitutional article from December 12, 2007 « Quality and economic efficiency in health insurance »
Popular initiative proposed August 11, 2004 « Popular sovereignty without government propaganda »
Popular initiative proposed November 18, 2005 « For democratic naturalizations »
Federal law proposed March 23, 2007 on improving the tax environment for entrepreneurial activities and investments (corporate tax reform act II)
Popular initiative proposed November 03, 2005 « Against the fighter jets noise in tourist areas »
Change proposed October 06, 2006 of the federal law on disability insurance
Popular initiative proposed December 09, 2004 « For a single and social health insurance »
Federal law proposed March 24, 2006 on family allowances (law on family allowances)
Federal law proposed March 24, 2006 on cooperation with Eastern Europe countries
Change proposed December 16, 2005 of the law on asylum (asylum act)
Federal law proposed December 16, 2005 on foreigners
Popular initiative proposed October 09, 2002 « National Back profits for AVS »
Federal decree proposed December 16, 2005 on the reorganization of constitutional articles about education
Federal law on the work in industry, crafts and trade (Labour law)
Federal decree on the popular initiative « For GMO-free agriculture »
Federal decree on the approval and implementation of the protocol on the extension of the agreement between Swiss Confederation, on the one hand, and the European Community and its Member States, on the other hand, on the free movement of persons to new members of the European Community and on the approval of the revision of accompanying measures concerning free movement of persons
Federal law proposed June 18, 2004 on registered same-sex couples partnership (Partnership act)
Federal decree proposed December 17, 2004 on the approval and implementation of bilateral agreements of association with the Schengen Space and the Dublin Space
Federal law proposed December 19, 2003 on embryonic stem cells research (Stem cell research act)
Federal decree proposed March 19, 2004 on a new financial system
Federal decree proposed October 03, 2003 on the reform of financial equalization and division of tasks between the Confederation and the cantons
Change proposed October 03, 2003 of the federal law on the income loss allowances for people serving in the military, civil service or civil protection (Allowances act for income loss)
Popular initiative proposed April 26, 2002 « Postal services for all »
Federal decree proposed October 03, 2003 on the acquisition of nationality by third-generation foreigners
Federal decree proposed October 03, 2003 on the regular naturalization and the facilitated naturalization of second-generation young foreigners
Federal law proposed June 20, 2003 on the amendment of regulations in the field of mariage and family taxation, housing taxation and stamp duties
Federal decree proposed October 03, 2004 on the financing of AVS/AI by increasing the VAT
Change proposed October, 2003 of the federal law on old-age and survivors' insurance (11th AVS revision)
Popular initiative proposed May 03, 2000 « Lifetime internment for sex offenders or violent offenders considered very dangerous and not untreatable
Change proposed December 13, 2002 of Swiss code of obligations (Leasing)
Counter-proposal to the Federal assembly from October 03, 2003 on the popular initiative « Avanti - for safe and efficient highways »
Popular initiative « For a sufficient vocational education (Initiative for apprendiceship)
Popular initiative « Moratorium Plus - For the extension of the moratorium on nuclear power plant construction and the limitation of nuclear risk (Moratorium Plus) »
Popular initiative « Without nuclear power - For an energy turnaround and gradual decommissioning of nuclear power plants (Electricity without atoms) »
Popular initiative « Equal rights for disabled people »
Popular initiative « Affordable health (health initiative) »
Popular initiative « For a car-free Suday per season - a trial for four years (Sundays initiative) »
Popular initiative « For fair rents »
Federal law on the protection of population and civil protection
Federal law on the army and the military administration (Law on the army), Change
Federal law on the adjustment of cantonal contributions to the costs of health services provided in the township hospital under the federal law on health insurance
Federal decree on the revision of popular rights
Change in the federal law on compulsory unemployment insurance and insolvency allowances (Unemployment insurance act)
Popular initiative « Against abuses of asylum right »
Law on electricity market
« Gold for the AVS, the cantons and the Foundation » (counter-proposal to the popular initiative « For the payment to the AVS fund of the Swiss National Bank excess gold reserves [Gold initiative] »)
Popular initiative « For the payment to the AVS fund of the Swiss National Bank excess gold reserves (Gold initiative) »
Popular initiative « For mother and child - for the protection of the unborn child and for the help of his mother in distress »
Change of the Swiss Penal Code (Abortion)
Popular initiative « For shorter working hours »
Federal popular initiative 'for the accession of Switzerland to the United Nations (UN)'
Popular vote of December 2, 2001
Popular initiative 'for a tax on capital gains'
Popular initiative 'Solidarity creates security: in favor of a voluntary civil peace service (CPS)'
People's Initiative for a credible security policy and a Switzerland without an Army '
People's Initiative 'to secure pensions - tax energy and not work!'
Federal decree about a debt brake
Federal Decree of December 15, 2000 repealing the constitutional provision making the erection of dioceses subject to the Confederation's approval
Change of the Federal law on the army and the military administration (LAMA) (training cooperation)
Change of the Federal law on the army and the military administration (LAMA) (weaponry)
Federal popular initiative 'for safety within towns with a maximum speed of 30 km/h with exceptions (Streets for all)'
Federal popular initiative 'for lower drug prices'
Federal popular initiative 'Yes to Europe!'
Law on Confederation personnel (LPers)
Popular initiative 'for lower hospital costs'
Popular initiative 'Save in the military and the general defense - for more peace and future-oriented jobs (Initiative for a redistribution of spending)'
People's Initiative 'for a flexible retirement age starting from 62, both for women and men'
Popular initiative 'for a relaxation of the pension system - against raising the retirement age of women'
Popular initiative "for more rights to the people thanks to the referendum with a counter-proposal (Constructive referendum)"
Popular initiative "for a regulation of immigration"
Constitutional article on an incentive fee on energy in favor of the environment (counter-proposal to the initiative 'Energy and Environment', which has been removed)
Constitutional article on a fee for the promotion of renewable energies (counter-proposal to the popular initiative 'for the introduction of a solar penny [Solar Initiative]')
Popular initiative 'for the introduction of a solar penny (Solar Initiative)'
Federal Decree on the approval of sectoral agreements between, on one hand, the Swiss Confederation and, on the other hand, the European Community and, where appropriate, its member States or the European Atomic Energy Community
Federal popular initiative 'aimed at halving the motorized traffic in order to maintain and improve habitats (initiative to reduce traffic)'
Federal popular initiative "for the protection of humans against artificial reproduction techniques (Initiative for procreation respecting human dignity)'
Federal popular initiative "for a fair representation of women in the federal authorities (Initiative of March 3)'
Federal popular initiative 'for faster direct democracy (Processing time of popular initiatives presented as fully drafted project)'
Federal decree on the reform of justice
Federal law on maternity insurance
Federal Law on Disability Insurance
Federal Decree on the medical prescription of heroin
Federal decree on emergency measures in the field of asylum and foreigners
Law on Asylum
Popular vote of April 18, 1999
Federal decree on an update of the Federal Constitution
Federal Law on Spatial Planning, change of March 20, 1998
Federal popular initiative 'Home Ownership for All'
Federal Decree concerning a constitutional provision on transplantation medicine
Federal decree on the change of the conditions for eligibility to the Federal Council
Federal Law on the labor in industry, commerce and trade (Labor law)
Popular initiative 'for a Sensible Drug Policy'
Federal decree on a new cereal product of limited duration
Federal Decree on the implementation and financing of infrastructure projects for public transport
Popular initiative 'for the 10th revision of the "AHV" pension system without raising the retirement age'
Popular initiative 'for inexpensive food and ecological farms'
Federal law regarding a fee on the traffic of heavy vehicle related to services (Law related to a fee on the traffic of heavy vehicles)
Popular initiative 'S.o.S - Switzerland without a nosy police'
Popular initiative 'for the protection of life and environment against genetic engineering (Initiative for genetic protection)'
Federal decree establishing measures to balance the budget
Popular initiative 'Youth Without Drugs'
Federal Decree of December 13, 1996 on the financing of unemployment insurance
Federal decree on the abolition of the tax on powders
Popular initiative 'for a ban on the export of war material'
Federal popular initiative 'EU accession negotiations: the people decide!'
Federal Law on the labor in industry, crafts and commerce (Labor law), change of March 22, 1996
Federal Decree on the popular initiative 'against illegal immigration'
Act of October 6, 1995 on the organization of government and administration
Counter-proposal of the Federal Assembly of December 21, 1995 on the popular initiative 'Farmers and consumers - for farming in harmony with nature'
Federal decree on the abolition of federal contributions to parking near the train stations of March 24, 1995
Federal decree on the abolition of the obligation to repurchase distillation devices and management of spirits
Federal decree abolishing the cantonal responsibility for the acquisition of personal equipment for the military
Federal decree on the transfer of the Bernese municipality Vellerat to the canton of Jura
Federal decree on the revision of the constitutional article on languages (art. 116)
Federal law on the acquisition of real estate by persons abroad. Change proposed October 7, 1994
Popular initiative "for the extension of the pension and invalidity insurances"
Federal Law on old-age and survivors' insurance (10th AHV revision), change from October 7, 1994
Federal decree establishing a spending brake from October 7, 1994
Federal Law on Agriculture. Change of October 8, 1993
1988 decree on the dairy industry, change of March 18, 1994
Federal Decree on the popular initiative 'for an environmentally sound and efficient peasant agriculture' (counter-proposal)
Federal law on coercive measures regarding foreigners' rights from March 18, 1994
Popular initiative 'for a healthy health insurance'
Federal act on health insurance of March 18, 1994
Swiss Penal Code. Military Penal Code. Change of June 18, 1993
Federal decree suppressing the reduction in the price of domestic wheat funded by tariffs of 18 March 1994
Federal Act on the Swiss troops in charge of peacekeeping operations of June 18, 1993
Federal Decree on the revision of the citizenship rights in the Federal Constitution (Facilitated naturalization for young foreigners)
Federal decree on the introduction into the federal constitution of an article for the promotion of culture of June 18, 1993
Air Navigation Act. Change of June 18, 1993
Popular Initiative 'to protect the Alpine regions against transit traffic'
Federal law regarding the introduction of a fee on the traffic of heavy vehicles, related either to services or to the consumption, of June 18, 1993
Federal decree on the continuation of the fee on heavy vehicles traffic from June 18, 1993
Federal decree on the continuation of the national road tax
Popular initiative 'for the prevention of tobacco-related problems'
Popular initiative 'for the prevention of alcohol-related problems'
Federal Decree on special consumption taxes of June 18, 1993
Federal Decree on measures for the conservation of social security of June 18, 1993
Federal Decree on the contribution to improving federal finances of June 18, 1993
Federal Decree on Financial Regulations of June 18, 1993
Federal Decree on measures concerning the unemployment insurance
Federal Decree on temporary measures against the rising price of health insurance
Federal popular initiative 'for a non-working national holiday (August 1st) initiative'
Federal Decree on the affiliation of Bernese district of Laufen to the canton of Basel-Landschaft
Federal decree against the abusive use of weapons of March 19, 1993
Popular initiative "for a Switzerland without new fighter jets"
Popular initiative "40 parade grounds, enough! - The military must also comply with the legislation on the protection of the environment"
Popular initiative 'for the abolition of animal testing'
Federal decree removing the ban on gambling of October 9, 1992
Federal law regarding the increase of import duties on fuels of October 9, 1992
Federal decree on the European Economic Area (EEA) of October 9, 1992
Federal law on rural land rights of October 4, 1991
Federal law on stamp duties. Change of October 4, 1991
Federal law on the contributions towards the infrastructure costs of groups and deputies (Law on infrastructure costs) of October 4, 1991
Federal law on allowances due to members of the legislative councils and contributions to groups (Law on parliamentary allowances). Change of October 4, 1991
Federal law on the procedure of the Federal Assembly, and on the form, publication and entry into force of legislative acts (Law on the relationship between boards). Change of October 4, 1991
Federal decree on the construction of the Swiss railway line through the Alps (decree on alpine transit) of October 4, 1991
Swiss penal code. Military penal code (Offenses against sexual integrity): Change of June 21, 1991
Federal decree for the introduction of a civilian service for conscientious objectors of December 13, 1991
Federal decree on the popular initiative "against the misuse of reproductive techniques and genetic manipulation to the human species" (counter-proposal)
Popular initiative "to safeguard our waters"
Federal law on the protection of waters (Water Protection Act) of January 24, 1991
Federal law on the participation of Switzerland in the Bretton Woods institutions of October 4, 1991
Federal decree on the membership of Switzerland to the Bretton Woods institutions of October 4, 1991
Popular initiative "for a strict and progressive reduction of animal testing (Let's strictly limit animal testing!)"
Popular initiative "for a financially bearable health insurance (Initiative of health insurances)"
Military penal code (MPC). Change of October 5, 1990
Federal decree on the new system of federal finances of December 14, 1990
Popular initiative "to promote public transport"
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1990 lowering to 18 the age required to exercise the right to vote and to be elected
Federal law on road traffic, change of October 6, 1989
Federal decree proposed October 6, 1989 on a constitutional article on energy
Popular initiative "Stop building nuclear power plants (moratorium)"
Popular initiative "for a phase out of nuclear energy"
Popular vote of April 1, 1990
Federal law proposed judiciary organization, change of June 23, 1989
Federal decree proposed June 23, 1989 on viticulture
Popular initiative "against the construction of a highway between Biel and Solothurn / Zuchwil"
Popular initiative "for a highway-free district of Knonau"
Popular initiative "for a region without highway between Murten and Yverdon"
Popular initiative "Stop concreting - for the stabilization of the road network"
Popular initiative "pro speed 130/100"
Popular initiative "for a Switzerland without an army and a comprehensive peace policy"
Popular initiative "for the protection of farms and against animal factories (Initiative for small farmers)"
Popular initiative "for limiting immigration"
Popular initiative "to reduce working hours"
Popular initiative "town and country against land speculation"
Popular initiative "aimed at reducing to 62 years for men and 60 years for women the age of entitlement to the federal old-age, survivors' and invalidity pension"
Federal decree proposed March 20, 1987 concerning the amendment of the federal constitution for a coordinated transport policy
Popular initiative "for the protection of the marshes - Rothenthurm initiative"
Federal law on health insurance, change of March 20, 1987
Federal decree proposed December 19, 1986 on the Rail 2000 project
Federal decree proposed December 19, 1986 on the voting procedure for popular initiatives accompanied by a counter-proposal
Popular initiative "requesting the right of referendum on military spending"
Federal law on the residence and establishment of foreigners, change of June 20, 1986
Asylum law, change of June 20, 1986
Popular initiative "for a fair taxation of heavyweight trucks traffic (levy on heavyweight trucks)"
Federal decree proposed March 21, 1986 on the popular initiative "for the protection of tenants" (counter-proposal)
Federal decree on the domestic sugar economy, change of June 21, 1985
Popular initiative "to guarantee vocational training and retraining"
Federal decree proposed December 20, 1985 on the popular initiative "in favor of culture" (counter-proposal)
Federal decree proposed December 20, 1985 on the popular initiative "in favor of culture"
Federal decree proposed December 14, 1984 on the accession of Switzerland to the United Nations
Popular initiative "for the abolition of vivisection"
Swiss civil code (General effects of marriage, marriage settlement and successions), change of October 5, 1984
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1984 establishing a guarantee against the risks of innovation for small and medium businesses
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1984 on the popular initiative "calling for the harmonization of the beginning of the school year in all cantons" (counter-proposal)
Federal decree proposed December 14, 1984 on the abolition of aid to producers growing wheat for their own needs
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1984 laying down the new distribution of net revenues from the taxation of distilled spirits
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1985 removing the cantons' share of the net revenue from stamp duties
Popular initiative "for the right to life"
Popular initiative "for an extension of the duration of paid vacation" (Initiative on vacation)
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1984 on training grants
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1984 removing the obligation of the federal government to allocate grants in the field of public health
Federal decree proposed October 5, 1984 removing subventions for primary education
Federal decree proposed June 22, 1984 on the popular initiative "on the compensation of victims of criminal violence" (counter-proposal)
Federal decree proposed June 23, 1984 concerning an article on radio and television
Popular initiative "for an effective protection of motherhood"
Popular initiative "for a safe, economical and environmentally sound energy supply"
Popular initiative "for a future without new nuclear plants"
Popular initiative "against giving away the national soil"
Popular initiative "against the abuse of bank secrecy and the power of banks"
Popular initiative "for an authentic civil service based on evidence by act"
Federal decree proposed June 24, 1983 on a fee for the use of national roads
Federal decree proposed June 24, 1983 concerning the collection of a fee on the traffic of heavyweight trucks
Federal decree proposed June 24, 1983 to facilitate some naturalizations
Federal decree proposed June 24, 1983 on the revision of nationality law in the federal constitution
Federal decree proposed October 10, 1982 concerning the constitutional article on energy
Federal decree proposed October 10, 1982 on a new regulation of customs duties on fuel
Federal decree proposed March 19, 1982 on the popular initiative "designed to prevent abuses in pricing" (counter-proposal)
Federal decree proposed March 19, 1982 on the popular initiative "designed to prevent abuses in pricing"
Law on foreigners of June 19, 1981
Swiss penal code, change of October 9, 1981 (Acts of criminal violence)
Federal decree proposed June 19, 1981 on the extension of the financial system and the improvement of federal finances
Federal decree proposed October 10, 1980 on the popular initiative "for the protection of consumer rights" (counter-proposal)
Federal decree proposed October 10, 1980 on the popular initiative "for equal rights between men and women" (counter-proposal)
Popular vote of October 20, 1974
Popular vote of July 2, 1967
Popular vote of November 4, 1962
Popular vote of January 26, 1958
Popular vote of October 5, 1952
Popular vote of December 11, 1949
Popular initiative against the abuse of economic power
Federal decree proposed January 10, 1957 extending for a limited time the validity of the transitional arrangements for the supply of the country in bread grain
Federal decree proposed September 20, 1957 introducing in the constitution an article 24quinquies on atomic energy and the protection against radiations
Federal decree proposed December 21, 1956 introducing in the constitution an article 36bis on radio and television
Federal decree proposed December 21, 1956 inserting in the federal constitution an article 22bis on civil protection
Federal decree proposed June 27, 1956 on the initiative concerning the vote on expenditures by the Federal Assembly (counter-proposal)
Federal decree proposed June 27, 1956 concerning the revision of the wheat regimen
Federal decree proposed September 30, 1955 establishing measures to promote the economy of the canton of Grisons, through aid to the public limited company for the mashing of wood in Domat/Ems
Popular initiative for an extension of people's rights when the Confederation grants concessions for the use of water power
Federal decree proposed December 22, 1955 on temporarily maintaining a control on reduced prices (extending the constitutional addendum of September 26, 1952)
Federal decree proposed December 22, 1954 on the initiative for the protection of tenants and consumers (counter-proposal)
Federal decree proposed December 22, 1954 on the initiative for the protection of tenants and consumers
Popular initiative for the protection of sites from the fall of the Rhine to Rheinau
Federal decree proposed June 25, 1954 on the financial regimen from 1955 to 1958
Federal decree proposed December 23, 1953 regarding special assistance to Swiss foreign victims of war
Federal decree proposed December 23, 1953 establishing the system of certificates of competency in the trades of cobbler, hairdresser, saddler and wheelwright
Federal decree proposed September 30, 953 introducing into the constitution an article 24quater on the protection of waters against pollution
Federal decree proposed September 25, 1953 establishing new constitutional provisions on the financial regimen of the Confederation
Federal law proposed June 20, 1952 concerning the revision of the federal law on the postal service
Federal decree proposed September 26, 1952 concerning the supply of the country in bread grain
Federal decree proposed September 26, 1952 on the temporary maintenance of a control on reduced prices
Federal decree proposed March 28, 1952 concerning the construction of bomb shelters in existing buildings
Federal law proposed February 1, 1952 amending the provisions related to the taxation of tobacco of the federal law on old-age and survivors' insurance
Federal decree proposed March 28, 1952 on the covererage of expenditures for armaments
Popular initiative to finance armaments and to safeguard the social conquests
Popular initiative on sales taxes
Federal law on the improvement of agriculture and the maintenance of the rural population (law on agriculture)
Federal decree extending the one restricting the opening and expansion of hotels
Popular initiative on the participation of public enterprises to the expenses for national defense
Federal decree on the initiative on the revision of art. 39 of the constitution (initiative for the free money) (counter-proposal)
Federal decree on the initiative on the revision of art. 39 of the constitution (initiative for the free money)
Federal decree on the public transportation of persons and things in motor vehicles
Federal decree on the financial regimen from 1951 to 1954
Federal decree amending article 72 of the constitution (election of the National Council)
Popular initiative for the protection of land and labor through measures against speculation
Federal decree establishing new constitutional provisions on the financial regimen of the Confederation
Federal decree extending and amending the one regarding measures to encourage the construction of dwelling houses
Federal law amending the law of June 30, 1927 on the status of civil servants
Popular initiative for a return to direct democracy
Federal law complementing that of June 13, 1928 on the fight against tuberculosis
Federal decree revising article 39 of the constitution on the Swiss national bank
Federal decree regulating the sugar regimen
Federal law on old-age and survivors' insurance
Federal decree revising the articles of the federal constitution relating to the economy
Federal decree on the initiative concerning the 'economic reform and labor rights'
Federal decree on the initiative on the 'right to work'
Federal decree on the initiative regulating the transport of goods (counter-proposal)
Federal decree on the initiative for the family (counter-proposal)
Federal law on federal railways
Federal law on unfair competition
Popular initiative for the reorganization of the national council
Popular initiative to increase the number of members of the federal council and have it elected by the people
Popular initiative for the revision of articles 31, 32bis and 32quater of the federal constitution
Federal law amending articles 103 and 104 of the law of April 12, 1907 on the military organization. (Obligation of the preparatory military training.)
Federal law amending the status of civil servants and the insurance conditions of the federal staff
Federal decree supplementing the federal constitution for the granting and partial coverage of credits for the building of national defense and the fight against unemployment
Federal decree on the initiative to restrict the use of the emergency clause (counter-proposal)
Popular initiative to extend the constitutional jurisdiction (revision of article 113 of the constitution)
Federal decree concerning the transitional regime of federal finances
Swiss penal code
Federal decree on the popular initiative against the private armament industry (counter-proposal)
Federal decree on the popular initiative against the private armament industry
Popular initiative to amend the optional referendum (revision of article 89, paragraph 2, of the constitution)
Federal decree revising articles 107 and 116 of the federal constitution (recognition of romansh as a national language)
Popular initiative on the partial revision of article 56 of the federal constitution (prohibition of Masonic societies and similar organizations)
Popular initiative for the total revision of the constitution
Popular initiative to combat the economic crisis and its effects
Federal law regulating the transport of goods and animals on the road with motor vehicles. (Law on sharing traffic.)
Federal law amending the law of April 12, 1907 on the military organization (Reorganisation of education)
Federal law on the protection of public order
Federal law temporarily reducing the wages and salaries of people employed by the Confederation
Federal law on the taxation of tobacco
Federal decree concerning the revision of articles 76, 96, paragraphs 1 and 3, and 105, paragraph 2, of the constitution (term of office of the national council, the federal council and the federal chancellor)
Federal decree concerning the revision of article 72 of the constitution (national council election)
Federal decree on the initiative for the revision of article 12 of the federal constitution (prohibition of decorations) (counter-proposal)
Federal decree concerning the revision of Articles 31 and 32bis of the federal constitution (alcohols regimen)
Popular initiative on the right of cantons and municipalities to prohibit distilled beverages
Popular initiative concerning the legislation on road transport
Federal law amending the article 14 of the Federal law of October 10, 1902 on the Swiss customs tariff
Federal decree on the popular initiative inserting an article 23bis in the Federal Constitution (wheat supply) (counter-proposal)
Federal decree on the popular initiative inserting an article 23bis in the Federal Constitution (wheat supply)
Popular initiative to amend Article 35 of the Constitution (popular initiative in favor of maintaining Kursaals and encouragement of tourism in Switzerland)
Federal decree concerning the revision of Article 44 of the Constitution (naturalization)
Federal law on the automobile and bicycle traffic
Federal decree on the revision of Article 30 of the Constitution (international alpine routes)
Federal decree proposed April 21, 1926 concerning the addition to the Federal Constitution of an article 23bis on the country's supply of grain
Federal decree on the insurance for old age, survivors' and disability insurance
Federal decree on residence and establishment of foreigners
Popular initiative for the insertion in the federal constitution of a 34quater article (creation of a fund for disability, old-age and survivors' insurance)
Federal law amending art. 41 of the law on factories of June 18, 1914/June 27, 1919
Federal decree concerning the revision of Articles 31 and 32bis (alcohols regime) of the Federal Constitution
Popular initiative to guarantee people's rights in customs matters (Article 29 of the Federal Constitution)
Federal decree ratifying the Convention between Switzerland and France regulating commercial and neighborhood relationships between the old zones of Upper Savoy and the Gex and neighboring Swiss cantons, signed in Paris on August 7, 1921
Popular initiative on "the arrest of Swiss citizens who threaten the internal security of the country'
Popular initiative regarding the a single tax on capital (Article 42a of the Constitution)
Federal act to modify the federal penal code of 4 February 1853 regarding the crimes against the constitutional order and internal security, and introducing the reprieve of execution of sentence
Popular initiative 'concerning the eligibility of federal officials to the National Council'
Popular initiative on 'eviction for breach the country's security, part II'
Popular initiative on 'naturalization, Part I'
Federal decree on the inclusion in the federal constitution of an article 37ter (Aviation)
Federal decree on the inclusion in the federal constitution of an article 37bis (automobile and bicycle traffic)
Popular initiative 'Suppression of military justice'
Popular initiative for the submission of international treaties to referendum
Federal law regarding working hours in the operation of railways and other transport and communications enterprises
Federal decree concerning the accession of Switzerland to the League of Nations
Federal decree on the popular initiative for the amendment of Article 35 of the Federal Constitution (prohibition of gambling houses) (counter-proposal)
Federal decree on the popular initiative for the amendment of Article 35 of the Federal Constitution (prohibition of gambling houses)
Federal law regulating working conditions
Federal decree on the adoption of transient provisions for the application of Article 73 of the Federal Constitution
Federal decree on the adoption of a constitutional article on the perception of a new extraordinary war tax
Federal decree on the inclusion of a section 24ter in the federal constitution (navigation)
Popular initiative for proportional representation in elections at the National Council
Popular initiative for inclusion in the Federal Constitution of an article 41bis and the amendment of Article 42, letter f, of this Constitution (introduction of direct federal taxes)
Federal decree on the introduction of an article 41bis and a new paragraph to article 42 under letter g (stamp duty)
Federal decree concerning adoption of an article of the Federal Constitution to levy a one-time war tax
Federal decree on the revision of Article 103 of the Federal Constitution and the addition of a section 114bis to the federal constitution
Federal decree amending Articles 69 and 31, paragraph 2, letter d, of the Federal Constitution (fight against diseases affecting humans and animals)
Federal law on insurance for sickness and accidents
Popular initiative to apply the proportional representation for elections to the National Council
Federal decree on federal legislation on the use of hydraulic power, and the transmission and distribution of electrical energy (counter-proposal: introduction in the federal constitution of an Article 24bis)
Popular initiative concerning the prohibition of absinthe
Federal decree supplementing the Federal Constitution regarding the right to legislate on arts and crafts
Military organization of the Swiss Confederation
Federal act on the trade of foods and various everyday objects
Federal decree concerning the revision of Article 64 of the Federal Constitution (extension of the protection of inventions)
Federal decree amending Article 32a of the Federal Constitution
Popular initiative for the revision of Article 72 of the Federal Constitution (election of the National Council based the population of Swiss citizens)
Federal law complementing the Federal Penal Code from February 4, 1853
Federal law on Customs Tariff
Federal decree concerning support for the public primary school by the Confederation
Popular initiative for the election of the Federal Council by the people
Popular initiative for the introduction of proportional representation in elections at the National Council
Federal law on insurance against illness and accidents, and on military insurance
Federal decree on the inclusion of an article 64bis in the Federal Constitution
Federal decree on the revision of Article 64 of the Federal Constitution
Federal law on the acquisition and operation of railways on behalf of the Confederation, and the organization of the administration of Federal Railways
Federal Ordinance on federal legislation on the food trade, and the trade of household items and everyday objects that may endanger the health or life
Federal decree revising Article 24 of the Federal Constitution
Federal law creating a Bank of the Swiss Confederation
Federal act on disciplinary sentences in the Swiss Army
Federal law on Accounting of railways
Federal law on liability in the cattle trade
Federal decree on the revision of the articles of the Federal Constitution relating to the military organization
Decree of the Federal Council on the referendum on the Federal decree of March 26, 1895 (additional provisions for the introduction of a monopoly in matches, in order to supplement the federal constitution of May 29, 1874)
Federal act on the representation of Switzerland abroad
Popular initiative to distribute between the cantons, some of the customs revenue
Popular initiative 'to ensure the right to work'
Federal decree on the referendum on the Federal decree of 20 December 1893 related to the addition to the federal constitution of a new section giving the Confederation the right to legislate on business
Popular initiative for a ban on the slaughter of animals without prior stunning
Federal decree concerning the purchase of the Swiss Central Railway
Federal act on the Swiss Customs Tariff
Federal decree concerning the revision of the Federal Constitution
Federal law for officials and federal employees who became unable to perform their duties
Federal decree on an article for inclusion in the federal constitution of May 29, 1874, to assign to the Confederation the right to legislate in the field of insurance in case of accident and sickness
Federal act on Debt Enforcement and Bankruptcy
Federal decree concerning a supplement to Article 64 of the Federal Constitution of May 29, 1874
Federal act related to spirits
Federal decree bringing partial modification to the Federal Constitution (hostel and alcohol)
Federal decree allocating a grant of 10,000 francs to the Swiss legation in Washington for its secretariat
Federal law concerning the addition of an article to the Federal Penal Law from February 4, 1853
Federal decree on patent fees for commercial travelers
Federal law regarding the organization of the Federal Department of Justice and Police
Federal decree on the enforcement of Article 27 of the Federal Constitution (primary education)
Federal law on measures against epidemics resulting in a general danger
Federal decree on the introduction of an addition to the Federal Constitution (protection of inventions)
Federal decree on the proposed revision of the Federal Constitution, raised by popular initiative dated August 3, 1880
Federal law regarding the revision of Art. 65 of the Federal Constitution (death penalty)
Federal law granting subsidies to railways in the Alps
Federal law on political rights of established and resident Swiss, and the loss of political rights of Swiss citizens
Federal law on the exemption tax of military service
Federal law concerning work in factories
Federal law on the issuance and rembursement of banknotes
Federal law on the voting rights of Swiss citizens
Federal law regarding marital status, related recordkeeping and marriage
Popular vote of May 3, 1942
Total revision
Prohibition of lottery and games of chance
Equality of citizens in view of the establishment and legislation
Prohibition of certain types of sentences
Freedom of conscience and religion
Voting rights for established Swiss, on municipal matters
Complete revision of September 12, 1848
Popular vote of September 8, 1935
Popular vote of August 10, 1919
Popular vote of July 11, 1897
Federal popular initiative 'for faster direct democracy (Processing time of popular initiatives presented as fully drafted project)'. March 12, 2000
Rejected (30.00%)
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Penn St.-Hazleton
Penn State Hazleton Admissions
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Lions split homestand with Schuylkill
Penn State Schuylkill
Penn State Hazleton
Penn State Schuylkill 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 5 1
Penn State Hazleton 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 7 0
Penn State Schuylkill (0-0) 4 0 0 2 8 14 13 1
Penn State Hazleton (0-0) 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 9
Rafael Santos fields a ground ball at second base.
2B: Blayne Moyer; Dalton Hughes; Steele Fekette
3B: none
HR: none
2B: Nick Vital; Joan Vasquez
2B: Garrett Lehman; Nick Kreiser
Posted: Apr 13, 2019
Drifton, Pa. - After falling in game one of the series, Hazleton bounce back to split the final two games against rival Penn State Schuylkill. Sophomore Colin Stauffer (Hazleton, Pa.) tossed a gem in the first of two Hazleton home games, paving the way for a 2-1 walk-off win in the bottom of the seventh frame. After two days off, play resumed in Drifton on Tuesday night to finish out the three game set, but Schuylkill ran away with the rubber match 14-0 in five innings to win the series over Hazleton
Game One: Penn State Hazleton 2, Penn State Schuylkill 1
Colin Stuaffer cruised through the first six innings despite allowing the lead-off man aboard in the second and third frames. On both occasions, the sophomore and the defense navigated their way out of potential trouble, particularly in the third frame. Stauffer gave up two doubles in that inning but a successful pick off at second base kept Schuylkill off the board.
Schuylkill's Jacob Leininger scattered three Hazleton hits through the first four innings of play until the Lions broke the 0-0 tie in the fifth inning. Back to back knocks led to the go ahead score with freshman Joan Vasquez (Hazleton, Pa.) coming around to score the game's first run on a single to right field by freshman Jacob Taschler (Palmerton, Pa.).
Although Stauffer needed just six outs to close out the win, Schuylkill had other intentions. A walk and a stolen base put a runner in scoring position with two outs and a clutch base hit by Schuylkill's Dylan Stephen drove in the tying run. Schuylkill's next hitter would reach safely leaving runners at the corners and a chance to take the lead, but Stauffer induced an inning-ending pop out to limit the damage to one run.
Forced to take their seventh at bat, freshman Nick Vital (Mountain Top, Pa.) led off the Hazleton half of the inning with a double to the gap in right field. Sophomore Josh Malkemes (Mountain Top, Pa.) replaced Vital at second, adding speed to the bases and Hazleton worked to try to manufacture the game winning score. The Lions would send four more batters to the plate without sending in the walk-off score but with two out and the bases loaded, all that would change. With no room for error, Schuylkill was forced to pitch to freshman Wyatt Kindler (Mountain Top, Pa.) and the rookie center fielder made the most of his opportunity. Kindler drove a shot down the left field line, delivering the walk-off single passed the diving Schuylklill outfielder and scoring Malkemes with ease to end the game in emphatic fashion.
Kindler's walk-off hit was the freshman's second knock in four trips to the plate, matching the best effort of the day for Hazleton who collected seven combined hits on the day. Likewise, Joan Vasquez picked up two hits in the win, adding a walk and a run scored to round out Hazleton's top performers at the dish. Stauffer earned the complete game win, allowing just one earned run on five hits while striking out six Schuylkill hitters.
Game Two: Penn State Hazleton 0, Penn State Schuylkill 14 - Final/5 Innings
Two days removed from the Nittany Lions walk off win, Schuylkill paid the Nittany Lions another visit, though this one would turn out much different for the home squad. Both squads battled cold and rainy conditions but Schuylkill handled the weather to blow out Hazleton with ease. The Lions allowed 13 hits to the visitors, adding nine errors that contributed to the mercy rule loss.
An indicator of what was to come, Schuylkill led off the game with the first hitter reaching safely via a Hazleton error. The Lions committed two errors in the frame and Schuylkill added three hits to take a 4-0 before taking the field. Hazleton settled in over the next two innings of play but never got the sticks going. Schuylkill added two more runs in the top of the fourth before Hazleton collected their first hit on offense in the bottom of the fourth inning. Despite their difficulties the game was still within reach but all that would change in the fifth inning.
Everything unraveled for the Nittany Lion defense in the fifth inning. The Lions committed five errors in the frame, failing to record an out until the 12th batter of the inning. Schuylkill contributed five hits to the eight run inning although the Hazleton defensive struggles paved the way for the snowman on the scoreboard. Schuylkill made quick work of the Lions in the bottom of the fifth to end the game via the mercy rule.
Wyatt Kindler and freshman Rafael Santos picked up Hazleton's only hits in the ball game, both finishing 1-for-2 at the plate. Sophomore Brett Kosciolek (Tamaqua, Pa.) got tagged with the loss, allowing five earned runs on ten hits.
Next up: With five games left in the regular season, the Lions need some wins to keep place in the playoff hunt. Hazleton will take on Penn State Wilkes-Barre in a double-header on Wednesday afternoon beginning at 2:30 p.m. at Hilldale park in Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
76 University Drive. Hazleton, PA 18202
Sat, 04/25 | Baseball at Penn State Scranton (Cancelled)
Fri, 04/24 | Baseball vs. Penn State Scranton (Cancelled)
Tue, 04/21 | Baseball at Clarks Summit (Cancelled)
Sat, 04/18 | Baseball vs. Penn State York (Cancelled)
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11 items matching your search terms.
Submitted Comments on the Telangana State Open Data Policy 2016
by Sumandro Chattapadhyay — published Sep 01, 2016 — last modified Sep 01, 2016 05:49 AM — filed under: Open Data, Open Government Data, Featured, Policies, Openness, Homepage
Last month, the Information Technology, Electronics & Communications Department of the Government of Telangana released the first public draft of the Telangana State Open Data Policy 2016, and sought comments from various stakeholders in the state and outside. The draft policy not only aims to facilitate and provide a framework for proactive disclosure of data created by the state government agencies, but also identify the need for integrating such a mandate within the information systems operated by these agencies as well. CIS is grateful to be invited to submit its detailed comments on the same. The submission was drafted by Anubha Sinha and Sumandro Chattapadhyay.
Located in Openness
Smart City Policies and Standards: Overview of Projects, Data Policies, and Standards across Five International Smart Cities
by Kiran A. B., Elonnai Hickok and Vanya Rakesh — published Jun 08, 2016 — last modified Jun 11, 2016 01:29 PM — filed under: Big Data, Internet Governance, Featured, Smart Cities, Policies, Homepage
This blog post aims to review five Smart Cities across the globe, namely Singapore, Dubai, New York City, London and Seoul, the Data Policies and Standards adopted. Also, the research seeks to point the similarities, differences and best practices in the development of smart cities across jurisdictions.
International Open Data Charter: Comments by CIS
by Sumandro Chattapadhyay — published Sep 08, 2015 — filed under: Open Data, Open Government Data, Featured, Policies, Openness, International Open Data Charter
The second meeting of Stewards of the International Open Data Charter is in progress in Santiago, Chile, where the revisions made to the Charter based on the comments received during the public consultation period that ended on July 31, 2015, are being re-discussed and finalised by the Stewards. Here we are sharing the comments submitted by us on the first public draft of the Charter published during the International Open Data Conference in Ottawa, Canada, in May 2015. The comments include those submitted by Sumandro and Sharath Chandra Ram.
Workshop on Open Data for Human Development
by Sumandro Chattapadhyay — published Jun 02, 2015 — last modified Jun 02, 2015 03:34 PM — filed under: Open Data, Featured, Workshop, Policies
Sumandro Chattapadhyay and Sunil Abraham will take part in the workshop being organised for government officials from Bhutan, Maldives, Meghalaya, Sikkim, and Tripura, by the International Centre for Human Development (IC4HD) of UNDP India, during June 3-6, 2015. The workshop will be held at the National Institute of Advanced Studies Campus in Bengaluru. Sunil will be one of the panelists in the opening discussion on 'data and transparency in governance,' and Sumandro will provide input for and lead the sessions on developing the draft implementation plan for the Sikkim Open Data Acquisition and Accessibility Policy. Sumandro worked with the IC4HD team to design the objectives and the agenda of the workshop.
Located in Openness / Blog
Reading the Fine Script: Service Providers, Terms and Conditions and Consumer Rights
by Jyoti Panday — published Jul 02, 2014 — last modified Jul 04, 2014 06:31 AM — filed under: Social Media, Consumer Rights, Google, internet and society, Privacy, Transparency and Accountability, Intermediary Liability, Accountability, Facebook, Data Protection, Policies, Safety
This year, an increasing number of incidents, related to consumer rights and service providers, have come to light. This blog illustrates the facts of the cases, and discusses the main issues at stake, namely, the role and responsibilities of providers of platforms for user-created content with regard to consumer rights.
An Evidence based Intermediary Liability Policy Framework: Workshop at IGF
by Jyoti Panday — published Jun 30, 2014 — last modified Jul 04, 2014 06:41 AM — filed under: human rights, Digital Governance, internet governance, Freedom of Speech and Expression, Internet Governance Forum, Human Rights Online, Intermediary Liability, Policies, Multi-stakeholder
CIS is organising a workshop at the Internet Governance Forum 2014. The workshop will be an opportunity to present and discuss ongoing research on the changing definition of intermediaries and their responsibilities across jurisdictions and technologies and contribute to a comprehensible framework for liability that is consistent with the capacity of the intermediary and with international human-rights standards.
Travel Insurance Policy
by Prasad Krishna — published Jul 01, 2013 — last modified Oct 13, 2018 12:29 PM — filed under: Policies
Located in About Us / Policies
by Prasad Krishna — published Jul 01, 2013 — filed under: Policies, Internet Governance
by Prasad Krishna — published Jul 01, 2013 — filed under: Policies, Internet Governance, Privacy
Non-Discrimination and Equal Opportunities Policy
by Prasad Krishna — published Jul 01, 2013 — last modified Jul 29, 2020 06:59 AM — filed under: Policies, Internet Governance
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In constructing her first cabinet, Nicola Sturgeon has shown a commitment to sending ‘a strong, positive message to girls and young women’
Andrews, Emily (2014) In constructing her first cabinet, Nicola Sturgeon has shown a commitment to sending ‘a strong, positive message to girls and young women’. Democratic Audit Blog (29 Nov 2014). Website.
Nicola Sturgeon recently announced her new Cabinet. Following her selection as Scotland’s first female First Minister, she told the Scottish Parliament that she hoped her presence in the top job would send ‘a strong, positive message to girls and young women – indeed, to all women – across our land’. But, asks Emily Andrews, is the composition of her Cabinet, and her Party, sending the same message? And is the SNP winning the race to become the most representative party in Scotland?
http://www.democraticaudit.com/
© 2014 Democratic Audit UK.
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Appendix A: Core Curriculum and Optional Course Information
Appendix B: Degrees
Appendix C: Minors
Appendix D: Texas Common Course Numbering System
DMAT 0300 Beginning Algebra
A study of real numbers, equations, linear inequalities, graphing linear equations, polynomials, and Euclidean geometry. Students completing course successfully will earn University credit but not credit toward graduation.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of DMAT 0010 or test placement
DMAT 0301 Intermediate Algebra
A study of real numbers, linear equations, graphs of polynomials, polynomial equations, rational expressions and equations, radical expressions and equations, and functions. Students completing course successfully will earn University credit but not credit toward graduation.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of DMAT 0300 or test placement.
DMAT 0314 Accelerated Inter Algebra
This course is paired with MATH 1314 and is designed to review mathematics skills, including number concepts, computation, elementary algebra, geometry and mathematical reasoning. It provides the necessary academic support for advanced developmental students concurrently enrolled in MATH 1314. Students completing the course successfully will earn University credit but not credit toward graduation.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of DMAT 0300, test placement, or recommendation of TSI academic advisor.
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Download 2021-2022 PDF
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‘Evil’ Star Katja Herbers Promises a ‘Hell of a Lot of Fun’ Silent Episode
Afraid of the dark? When the satirical and spooky series returns for the second half of Season 2, demonic possession investigators Ben and Kristen, and priest-in-training David (Aasif Mandvi, Katja Herbers and Mike Colter, above), travel to a silent monastery that has no electricity.
Equipped with just lanterns (and unable to speak), the trio must determine whether a miracle involving a dead monk occurred. Herbers calls the Evil episode “a hell of a lot of fun.”
But the home front is just hell: Kristen’s husband Andy (Patrick Brammall) returns, but “he won’t really recognize the woman he left behind,” Herbers says, adding that the guilt she feels about getting away with the murder of Orson LeRoux causes her to “unravel.”
And her mom, Sheryl (Christine Lahti), won’t be much of a comfort now that she’s going down a dark path into the occult. Hints Herbers, “I don’t think Kristen is aware…just how terrible her mom is and what kind of danger she puts [her family] in.”
Evil, Sundays, Paramount+
This is an excerpt from TV Guide Magazine’s 2021 Fall Preview issue. For more inside scoop on the new fall TV season, pick up the issue, on newsstands Thursday, August 26.
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Spartan Sauna
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Classification of homosexuality as a 'disease'
Until the World Health Organisation (WHO) removed homosexuality from its International Classification of Disease as late as 1992, it was officially considered to be an illness or disease. This legitimised the attempts of doctors and psychiatrists and...
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In August 1954 the Conservative Home Secretary, Sir David Maxwell-Fyfe, appointed a committee under Sir John Wolfenden "to consider the law and practice relating to homosexual offences and the treatment of persons convicted of such offences by the co...
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Psychiatric Treatment for homosexuality 1980
Alan recalls getting psychiatric treatment for his homosexual urges in the early 80s as a way of avoiding a fine for cottaging. "So I went to a psychiatrist at All Saints (now part of Winson Green Prison), a Mr Imlah an elderly Scot. He sa...
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Symmetries and the 24-cell
by Greg Egan
If you link to this page, please use this URL: https://www.gregegan.net/SCIENCE/24-cell/24-cell.html
Symmetries and the 24-cell | Average Shadows | Ball Bearings in a Hypersphere | Born Rigid Motion | Catacaustics | Resonant Modes of a Conical Cavity | The Doppler Shift Triangle Law | Conic Section Orbits | Dihedral Angles | The Ellipse and the Atom | The Finite Fall | General Relativity in 2+1 dimensions | Howell’s Moving Orbits | Klein's Quartic Curve | Paparazzo vs Bodyguards | Light Mill applet | Littlewood applet | LRL made easy | There Are No Corkscrew Orbits | Ordered Sums | Optimised Origami | Weak-field GR near a planar mass | Polar Orbits Around Binary Stars | The Rindler Horizon | Rotating Elastic Rings, Disks and Hoops | Constant Weight Rollercoasters | Steffen’s Polyhedron | Superpermutations | Symmetric Waves | Symplectic applet | The Tell-Tale Board | Exact values of regular 10j symbols
Science Notes
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The 24-cell is a 4-dimensional regular polytope that has:
24 vertices
96 edges
96 triangular faces
24 octahedral cells.
In the image above, the 16 red vertices are the vertices of a hypercube, while the other 8 vertices (the 2 black and 6 yellow) are those of a cross-polytope. Exactly how this particular colouring was selected will be discussed below.
There are many ways to construct a 24-cell, but here we will focus on an approach in which features of this polytope, in four dimensions, correspond to symmetries of a very simple object in three dimensions.
The 24-cell from symmetries in three dimensions
As well as being a vector space, 4-dimensional Euclidean space can be treated as an algebraic system known as the quaternions, which allows the vectors to be multiplied and divided by each other as well as added, subtracted, and multiplied by ordinary numbers By convention, the vector (1,0,0,0) is usually chosen as the identity quaternion, 1, where multiplying by 1 leaves any other vector unchanged, while the other basis vectors are known as i = (0,1,0,0), j = (0,0,1,0) and k = (0,0,0,1). Multiplication is defined so that:
i2 = j2 = k2 = –1
i j = k
j k = i
k i = j
j i = –k
k j = –i
i k = –j
Vectors that are real multiples of 1 are called real, and vectors that lie in the 3-dimensional subspace spanned by {i, j, k} are called imaginary, by analogy with complex numbers, though now we have three independent square roots of minus one. If we divide a quaternion into real and imaginary parts, the multiplication rule can be written as:
(a 1 + v) (b 1 + w) = (a b – v · w) 1 + a w + b v + v × w
Here a, b are real numbers, v and w are purely imaginary quaternions, and we have made use of the ordinary dot product and cross product between 3-dimensional vectors.
The length of a product of quaternions turns out to be simply the product of their lengths:
|a b| = |a| |b|
Suppose we have a quaternion r of length 1; this is called a unit quaternion. Consider the function R:
R(q) = r q r–1
This function preserves the length of q, and if applied to two vectors it preserves the angle between them. What’s more, if R is applied to any purely imaginary quaternion, the result remains purely imaginary. We can also check that R does not swap left- and right-handed objects. So R gives us a rotation of a 3-dimensional space: the space of imaginary quaternions.
This lets us treat any unit quaternion as a 3-dimensional rotation. But it is easy to see from the definition of R that r and –r will yield exactly the same rotation. So every 3-dimensional rotation corresponds to a pair of unit quaternions. Specifically, if u is a purely imaginary unit quaternion, we can obtain a rotation by an angle θ around u by setting:
r = ±[(sin θ/2) 1 + (cos θ/2) u]
We can use this correspondence to construct all the vertices of a 24-cell as the quaternions corresponding to the rotational symmetries of a simple 3-dimensional object: a regular tetrahedron. And at the same time, we can describe the centres of the octahedral cells of the 24-cell in terms of the symmetries of an associated cube.
Start with a regular tetrahedron, such as the red one in the image below. Then construct a second tetrahedron (blue) whose vertices are the opposite of the red ones; that is, if the origin of our coordinates is the centre of the red tetrahedron, and its vertices are the vectors v1, v2, v3, v4, then the vertices of the blue tetrahedron are –v1, –v2, –v3, –v4.
The eight vertices we obtain this way are the vertices of a cube, whose edges are shown in white.
Now, every cube has 24 rotational symmetries, and each of these symmetries will either swap the red and blue tetrahedra, or leave them in place:
The identity symmetry (doing nothing) will obviously leave the tetrahedra in place.
The 8 symmetries that rotate by ±120° around each of the 4 diagonals of the cube will leave the tetrahedra in place.
The 3 symmetries that rotate by 180° around each of the 3 axes of the cube (the lines perpendicular to pairs of faces) will leave the tetrahedra in place.
The 6 symmetries that rotate by ±90° around each of the 3 axes of the cube will swap the tetrahedra.
The 6 symmetries that rotate by 180° around each of the 6 lines joining the midpoints of opposite edges of the cube will swap the tetrahedra.
So, of the 24 symmetries of the cube, 12 leave the tetrahedra in place (which means they are also symmetries of the tetrahedra themselves), while the other 12 swap the tetrahedra.
In the image below, we show two 24-cells: the first is the same as the image at the top of the page, with black, red and yellow vertices corresponding to symmetries that leave the tetrahedra in place. The second has blue and cyan vertices, corresponding to symmetries that swap the tetrahedra. Note that there are twice as many vertices of each colour as there are symmetries, because every quaternion and its opposite correspond to the same symmetry.
The 24-cell is a self-dual polytope: the centres of its cells form the vertices of another polytope of exactly the same shape. And it turns out that if we rescaled the vectors pointing to the centres of the 24 octahedral cells of the first 24-cell by a factor of √2, they would coincide precisely with the 24 vertices of the second 24-cell (and vice versa).
The set of 24 quaternions comprising the vertices of the first 24-cell constructed this way is known as the binary tetrahedral group, while the set of 48 quaternions comprising the vertices of both 24-cells is known as the binary octahedral group. The ordinary tetrahedral group and octahedral group are just the groups of 3-dimensional rotational symmetries of a tetrahedron and a cube respectively (a cube and an octahedron have the same symmetry group); these “binary” variants, with two elements for every element of the original, are the subgroups of the unit quaternions that correspond to those rotations.
Symmetries of the 24-cell
We have seen how the vertices, and the centres of the octahedral cells, of a 24-cell correspond to the rotational symmetries of a 3-dimensional cube. But what can we say about the symmetries of the 24-cell itself?
While unit quaternions can be used to describe 3-dimensional rotations, it turns out that we can describe 4-dimensional rotations with a very similar method, but we need to use pairs of unit quaternions instead. If we define the function R as:
R(q) = r q s–1
for some choice of unit quaternions r and s, then R will again preserve lengths and angles, but it will no longer be guaranteed to map the 3-dimensional space of imaginary quaternions into itself. We can actually obtain all 4-dimensional rotations this way, and just as we obtained the same 3-dimensional rotation from r and –r, we will obtain the same 4-dimensional rotation from (r, s) and (–r, –s).
If we choose (r, s) to be a pair of vertices of the first 24-cell we constructed in the previous section, there are 24×24/2 = 288 possible choices, and it turns out that all the rotations obtained this way are symmetries of the 24-cell itself.
But a 24-cell actually has 576 rotational symmetries ... and we can obtain the other 288 rotations by choosing (r, s) to be a pair of vertices from the second 24-cell, whose vertices are rescaled versions of the centres of the octahedral cells of the first 24-cell.
What if we choose r from the first 24-cell and s from the second one, or vice versa? The rotation we obtain then swaps the two 24-cells, mapping every vertex of the first to a vertex of the second, and every vertex of the second to a vertex of the first.
That these 24-cells yield symmetries of themselves this way is not really suprising, given that their vertices are derived from the symmetry groups of a tetrahedron and a cube, and as a consequence they are closed under quaternion multiplication (to be precise, the first 24-cell is closed under multiplication, and the 48 vertices of the two 24-cells combined is also closed, but the second 24-cell by itself is not closed, as it comes from only some of the cube’s symmetries, not all of them).
Science Notes / Symmetries and the 24-cell / created Thursday, 23 December 2021
Copyright © Greg Egan, 2021. All rights reserved.
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IndianGround.Com » Non-Resident Indian (NRI) » Buying Immovable Property in India
Buying Immovable Property in India
Reserve bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India, and was established on April 1, 1935. Its working guidelines have been set in accordance with the provisions laid by the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
RBI is fast embracing internationally accepted best practices in banking to provide breakthrough facilities to ensure keeping undesirable elements from the dynamic financial system at bay. In 2006, the RBI has lifted the 10 year lock-in as a step towards further liberalization of the capital account. This move comes in the wake of NRI growing interests being directed towards making speculative investments in the stock market and booming Indian real estate market.
NRIs and persons of Indians origin (PIOs) have been granted the permission to make repatriation of sale proceeds of immovable properties bought in India through inward remittances. However, the amount should not be more than the foreign exchange in to hold the property. The facility is made available to those NRIs and PIOs who have already paid the amount to get acquisition of immovable properties in India.
All you wanted to know about RBI guidelines for Immovable Property in India
Q1.: Do non-resident Indian citizens require permission of Reserve Bank to acquire residential/commercial properly in India?
Q2.: Do foreign citizens of Indian origin require permission of Reserve Bank to purchase immovable property in India for their residential use?
Q3.: In what manner the purchase consideration for the residential immovable property should be paid by foreign citizens of Indian origin under the general permission?
Q4.: What are the formalities required to be completed by foreign citizens of Indian origin for purchasing residential immovable property in India under the general permission?
Q5.: Can such property be sold without the permission of Reserve Bank?
Q6.: Can sale proceeds of such property if and when sold be remitted out of India?
Q7.: Are any conditions required to be fulfilled if repatriation of sale proceeds is desired?
Q8.: What is the procedure for seeking such repatriation?
Q9.: Can foreign citizens of Indian origin acquire or dispose of residential property by way of gift?
Q10.: Can foreign citizens of Indian origin acquire commercial properties in India?
Q11.: Can they dispose of such properties?
Q12.: Can sale proceeds of such property be remitted out of India?
Q13.: Can the properties (residential/commercial) be given on rent if not required for immediate use?
Q14.: Can NRIs obtain loans for acquisition of a house/flat for residential purpose from financial institutions providing housing finance?
Q15.: Can authorized dealer grant loans to NRIs for acquisition of a flat/house for residential purposes?
Q16.: Can Indian companies grant loans to their NRI staff?
Q17.: What are the options available for obtaining guarantors while applying for a HDFC/LIC loan?
Q18.: While purchasing real estate most developers demand a Power of Attorney in their favor, is there a way to avoid it?
Ans.: Regulations regarding acquisition and transfer of immovable property in India by a person resident outside India has been notified vide RBI Notification No. FEMA 21/2000-RB dated May 3, 2000 as amended vide Notification No. FEMA 64/2002-RB dated June 29, 2002 and Notification No. FEMA 65/2002-RB dated June 29, 2002 and relevant directions issued in the form of A.P. (DIR Series) Circulars.
These are available on RBI website: www.fema.rbi.org.in
Ans.: General Permission is available to purchase only a residential/commercial property in India to a person resident outside India who is a citizen of India (NRI) and who is a Person of Indian Origin (PIO).
Ans.: For the purpose of acquisition and transfer of immovable property in India, a PIO means an individual (not being a citizen of Pakistan or Bangladesh or Sri Lanka or Afghanistan or China or Iran or Nepal or Bhutan), who (i) at any time, held Indian passport; or (ii) who or either of whose father or grandfather was a citizen of India by virtue of the Constitution of India or the Citizenship Act, 1955 (57 of 1955).
Ans.: NRI/PIO who has purchased residential/commercial property under general permission is not required to file any documents with the RBI.
Ans.: Yes. Reserve Bank has granted general permission for sale of such property. However, where the property is purchased by another foreign citizen of Indian origin, funds towards the purchase consideration should either be remitted to India or paid out of balances in NRE/FCNR accounts.
Ans.: In respect of residential properties purchased on or after 26th May, 1993, Reserve Bank considers applications for repatriation of sale proceeds up to the consideration amount remitted in foreign exchange for the acquisition of the property for two such properties. The balance amount of sale proceeds if any or sale proceeds in respect of properties purchased prior to 26th May, 1993, will have to be credited to the ordinary non-resident rupee account of the owner of the property.
Ans.: Applications for repatriation of sale proceeds are considered provided the sale takes place after three years from the date of final purchase deed or from the date of payment of final installment of consideration amount, whichever is later.
Ans.: Applications for necessary permission for remittance of sale proceeds should be made in form IPI 8 to the Central Office of Reserve Bank at Mumbai within 90 days of the sale of the property.
Ans.: Yes. Reserve Bank has granted general permission to foreign citizens of Indian origin to acquire or dispose of properties up to two houses by way of gift from or to a relative who may be an Indian citizen or a person of Indian origin whether resident in India or not, provided gift tax has been paid.
Ans.: Yes. Under the general permission granted by Reserve Bank properties other than agricultural land/farm house/plantation property can be acquired by foreign citizens of Indian origin provided the purchase consideration is met either out of inward remittances in foreign exchange through normal banking channels or out of funds from the purchasers' NRE/FCNR accounts maintained with banks in India and a declaration is submitted to the Central Office of Reserve Bank in form IPI 7 within a period of 90 days from the date of purchase of the property/final payment of purchase consideration.
Ans.: Yes.
Ans.: Yes. Repatriation of original investment in respect of properties purchased by foreign citizens of Indian origin on or after 26th May 1993 will be allowed to be remitted up to the consideration amount originally remitted from abroad provided the property is sold after a period of three years from the date of the final purchase deed or from the date of payment of final installment of consideration amount, whichever is later. Applications for the purpose are required to be made to the Central Office of Reserve Bank within 90 days of the sale of property in form IPI 8.
Ans.: Yes. Reserve Bank has granted general permission for letting out of any immovable property in India. The rental income or proceeds of any investment of such income has to be credited to NRO account.
Ans.: Reserve Bank has granted general permission to certain financial institutions providing housing finance e.g. HDFC,LIC Housing Finance Ltd. etc to grant housing loans to NRIs for acquisition of houses/flats for self-occupation subject to certain conditions.
Ans.: Authorized dealers have been granted permission to grant loans up to non-resident Indian nationals for acquisition of house/flat for self-occupation on their return to India subject to certain conditions. Repayment of the loan should be made within a period not exceeding 15 years out of inward remittance through banking channels or out of funds held in the investments' NRE/FCNR accounts.
Ans.: Reserve Bank permits Indian firms/companies to grant housing loans to their employees deputed abroad and holding Indian passport subject to certain conditions.
Ans.: One will need a guarantor for a loan mainly for collateral security. The guarantor will have to demonstrate appropriate net worth to cover for the loan. Usually one can have a guarantor in any city where the loan issuer has a branch. Talk to loan issuers they will work something out for NRIs and foreign banks.
Ans.: One can choose not to grant the Power of Attorney (POA) to the developers. However this will mandate the mailing of all documents to your foreign residence and associated time delays. A good compromise is to grant the POA to the builder only for specific necessary items.
More Faqs on RBI guidelines for NRIs »
Non-Resident Indian (NRI)
- NRI Investment in India
- Investment Options in India
- Return to India
- NRI Remittance
- NRI Repatriation
- NRI Services
- NRI Housing and Finance
- NRI Banking
- FDI in India
- Rental Trends in India
- FDI in Real Estate
- Retail Sector in India
- Rental Laws in India
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All press-releases
Press-releases 24 Nov 2011
T-FLEX CAD 12 Released
Moscow, Russia, November 24, 2011 - Top Systems, the leading developer of advanced parametric design software, has announced the release of version 12 of its T-FLEX CAD® system.
Significant improvements in both 3D modeling and 2D drafting in the latest version accelerate the design process with various productivity enhancements, optimized technology of parametric assemblies that is helpful for quick design modifications, as well as more convenient operations with complex and large assembly models. The new version offers improved tools for simulation and efficient team collaboration.
T-FLEX CAD 12 with its new architectural solutions provides serious improvements of stability, quality, and performance of the application. It includes hundreds of enhancements to the quality of the application and has improved performance achieving gains up to 10 times and more at some time and resource consuming operations.
The new graphics engine is based on modern architecture and leverages the capabilities of modern graphics cards. Operations with data were optimized, thus significantly reducing the amount of used memory, providing convenient work with much larger models on the same hardware.
“Users will immediately feel the impact of the new modeling and graphics architecture that makes the overall productivity much faster”, commented Sergey Kozlov, Chief Technology Officer of Top Systems. “The enhancements in T-FLEX CAD 12 further expand its unmatched ability to make extremely difficult tasks possible for the end users”, he added.
New object-oriented mechanism of 3D manipulators helps to control elements of the models providing functionality for rapid changes in the projects. The new 3D sections significantly simplify assembly modeling allowing users to continue operations with objects within the clipped areas.
The all-new command for modeling pipelines meets the challenges of cabling and piping design.
Many modeling operations, including blending, extrusion, sweeping, deformation, local geometry modifications have new additional features and options based on the use of the latest version of Parasolid kernel.
Tools for parametric assemblies got further development. In T-FLEX CAD 12 it is possible to change parameters of parts at any level from the upper assembly. This eliminates the need to pass parameters through all levels of assembly for parametric control. Adaptive “smart” fragments allow users to seamlessly incorporate design intent into their assemblies. Execution of arbitrary macro when inserting a part was implemented. Macro can be programmed for a specific algorithm to insert custom entities improving intuitiveness and adding a variety of additional functionality.
The new mechanism for part alignment with specific bindings to floor, walls, ceiling, and horizontal surfaces by mechanism of connectors is very helpful for interior designs. The possibility of modifying external variables in the model by means of manipulators adds flexibility for parameters control. Inserting and editing of parts was noticeably accelerated.
Mechanism for creating BOM tables and placing was greatly enhanced receiving an automatic option. Functionality for creating 2D documentation was expanded. Tools for creating leader notes and GD&T symbols got new functionality, improved interface, and support for 3D. Section views now have additional features. Database access functions were completely redesigned. New mechanism of grouping elements significantly accelerated selection of elements in a variety of operations.
New features were added to T-FLEX CAM and T-FLEX Analysis - fully integrated into T-FLEX CAD applications that offer completely parametric functionally for CNC machining and finite-element simulation.
For a full detailed list of new features, click here.
About T-FLEX CAD
T-FLEX CAD from Top Systems is a powerful 3D modeling and 2D drafting software that enables engineering teams to develop products more quickly, at higher quality standards, providing unique parametric mechanisms combined with production-proven Parasolid® based solid modeling. T-FLEX is written for 32-bit and 64-bit Microsoft ® Windows XP, Vista, and 7 operating systems, and is distributed in various languages to customers around the world.
About Top Systems
Founded in 1992, Top Systems (Moscow, Russia) develops and markets comprehensive, easy-to-use MCAD/CAM/CAE/PDM solutions at affordable prices. For more information about the company and its products, including free trials, see www.tflex.com, www.topsystems.ru or contact a reseller. To find international resellers, visit http://www.tflex.com/links/index.htm.
Top Systems Introduces T-FLEX CAD 11
Permanent link :: http://isicad.net/press_releases.php?press_num=14854
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Encrypting Katrina: Traumatic Inscription and the Architecture of Amnesia
Lindsay Tuggle
THE KATRINA MEMORIAL: ENCLOSING THE DEAD IN THE EYE OF THE STORM
On August 29, 2008, the remaining unidentified and unclaimed victims of Hurricane Katrina were interred in mausoleums at the dedication of the New Orleans Katrina Memorial. In his commemorative address, Mayor C. Ray Nagin described the interment as signifying the enclosure of “the final bodies from Katrina, the last unknown victims. [It] represents the pain and suffering.”1 As a vehicle for the containment of these “final bodies,” the Katrina Memorial inhabits politically and historically haunted ground. The monument ironically occupies a pre-existing burial site for the anonymous dead, while appropriating the form of the hurricane as its architectural structure. Dislocating the historic Charity Hospital Cemetery, it houses the unknown and abandoned casualties of a disaster that is as much governmental as environmental. These bodies, ignored by governments and bystanders alike, were simultaneously consumed by media spectators of the disaster’s aftermath—trauma by proxy. Figuring the site as an incorporative attempt to contain the trauma of Katrina, conceptual designer Jeffrey Rouse explains that the memorial “incorporates both the curves of the Hurricane and the meditative quality of a labyrinth.”2 The memorial evolved from a committee initiated by New Orleans coroner Frank Minyard, which included Rouse, a psychiatrist with the coroner’s office who had the initial “vision” for the design. Rouse envisaged a “curving, concentric form that draws visitors toward its center, like a labyrinth for meditative walks.”3 Minyard established a charity to solicit funding for the memorial, which raised over one million dollars toward construction and maintenance costs.4 The plans were entrusted to Matthews International, a corporate “memorialization” company that has constructed thematic monuments for an oddly diverse range of entities, including the Atlanta Olympics, 9/11 firefighters, and Elvis Presley. Under the direction of Corporate Vice President Dave DeCarlo, a design team headed by Chris Kroll developed the architectural rendering of Rouse’s hurricane-labyrinth (see Figure 1).5 Despite its meditative intentions, the structure implicitly memorializes entrapment, recalling the failed evacuation that followed the storm’s landfall. The memorial’s spiral pathways draw visitors inward, toward the metaphorical “eye” of the storm, symbolized by a marble plaque adjacent to the mausoleums.6
Figure 1. Artist’s rendering of Katrina Memorial. © Matthews International. Reproduced with permission
The labyrinthine design concretizes the aftermath of Katrina, invoking the inaccessibility of relief that resulted in hundreds of post-hurricane deaths.7 While numerous casualties drowned, many more died from exposure during the immediate aftermath, and over the following months from the physical stress of evacuation.8 The figuration of memorial as maze participates in the architectural containment of the dead. Their enclosure within the labyrinth’s eye recalls post-Katrina containment strategies employed by federal and local law enforcement officials, aimed at preventing survivors from “unlawfully” evacuating New Orleans.9 On September 1, 2005, Police Chief Arthur Lawson ordered his deputies to barricade the Crescent City Connection, a three-mile bridge that spans the Mississippi River between New Orleans and the neighboring town of Gretna in Jefferson Parish. The bridge represented one of the few remaining outlets for escaping the devastation of New Orleans. As hundreds of survivors (including children, the elderly, and the disabled) attempted to cross the bridge, they were met by armed police who fired warning shots over their heads. The blockade prompted accusations of racial prejudice; the small town of Gretna is largely white, while the demographic of survivors fleeing New Orleans was predominantly African American.10 The legacy of sequestration surrounding New Orleans long predates Hurricane Katrina. In 1987, officials erected a barrier to prohibit New Orleans residents from entering Jefferson Parish. The concrete blockades were known as “The Berlin Wall” by New Orleans locals. The barricades created traffic gridlock and prevented ambulances and fire trucks from accessing homes and hospitals efficiently. Three months prior to their construction, the Jefferson Parish Sheriff’s Office mandated deputies to interrogate black drivers in white neighborhoods without probable cause. The barricades were eventually bulldozed by New Orleans Mayor Sidney Barthelymy, who declared, “Jefferson Parish cannot lock my people in.”11
One of the most violent examples of post-Katrina “law enforcement” is the Danziger Bridge shooting, which claimed the lives of James Brissette and Ronald Madison; four others were wounded.12 On September 4, 2005, New Orleans police opened fire on a group of unarmed African American civilians attempting to cross the Danziger bridge in search of supplies. The officers claimed to be responding to a shooting reported in the area. Federal prosecutors initially focused on the police conspiracy to cover up the events surrounding the shooting. The investigation deepened in April 2010, when former New Orleans Police Officer Michael Hunter told a federal judge that he witnessed fellow officers shoot unarmed civilians without provocation. His testimony alleged that Sergeant Kenneth Bowen, one of seven officers charged in the case, shot civilians with a military assault rifle and continued firing after the victims were wounded and immobile. He also claimed to have witnessed Officer Robert Faulcon shoot Ronald Madison, who was mentally handicapped, in the back as Madison fled the scene. Most gruesome of all Hunter’s testimony was his allegation that Bowen “kicked and stomped” Ronald Madison as he lay dying on the Danziger Bridge. According to court documents, Hunter told federal prosecutors that a supervisor ordered police officers to bury the evidence, “because we don’t want this to look like a massacre.13
Figure 2. The Katrina Memorial. April 2010. Photograph by the author.
The Katrina Memorial enacts a similar (albeit posthumous) containment function. The location of the mausoleums within the center of the labyrinth ensures that, while visitors may be able to find their way out again, Katrina’s ghosts will not. The memorial houses the casualties not only of a disaster but also of a diaspora. The inscription on the marble tablet marking the center of the labyrinthine hurricane attests to the diasporic traumas of the bodies it contains: “Most of the deceased were identified and buried by loved ones in private ceremonies throughout the nation. Here lie the remaining. The unclaimed and unidentified victims of the storm from the New Orleans area. Some have been forgotten. Some remain unknown.” As further evidence of the failure of recovery efforts, many families of the Katrina diaspora lacked the means to return to, and bury, their dead. The seemingly permanent uprooting of many Katrina survivors has made the reclamation of remains practically impossible. Julia Powers, the FEMA Forensic Anthropologist assigned to assist Minyard, explained: “some families have chosen not to claim the bodies; some we cannot find families for.”14 The implication that families scattered by the chaotic (and belated) evacuation “choose” not to claim their dead perpetuates the flawed logic that pervaded many aspects of Katrina recovery, which presumes that residents chose to stay and that they now choose not to return.
By virtue of its geographic isolation and relative inaccessibility, the memorial seeks to repress the unfound bodies that resist its enclosure. Situated at the far end of Canal Street, bordered by the Jewish and Firemen’s Cemeteries, the Katrina Memorial is estranged from typical New Orleans tourist destinations in the French Quarter and Garden District. The site is similarly distanced from the devastated lower wards and the spectacle of their ravaged homes. Embedding the “forgotten” and “unknown” remains of Katrina decedents within the eye of an architecturally inscribed hurricane serves to effectively quarantine them. The space for mourning these unknown casualties is consigned to a specified, bordered location on the outskirts of town. The memorial itself seems to have already been forgotten. My visit, at noon on a Tuesday in April, found the grounds chained and padlocked, prohibiting entry. The site was entirely silent, devoid of visitors or even pedestrian street traffic. Cloistered behind imposing wrought-iron gates, the only remaining relics of Charity Hospital Cemetery, the memorial enacts the containment of the dead and the exclusion of the living (Figure 3).
Figure 3. The Katrina Memorial. April 2010. Photograph by the author. The gates are all that remain of this section of the original Charity Hospital Cemetery.
Within the context of contemporary American culture, many large-scale memorialization projects invite collective repression and historical revision through a process Marita Sturken has termed “architectural reenactment,” which reconstructs aspects of trauma within structural design.15 The Katrina Memorial utilizes strategies of reenactment to produce a form of cultural amnesia. It inscribes the hurricane into the cultural landscape, evoking a form of repetition that does not seek to remember those lost, but to repress their memory through immersion in the scale of the event, rather than the loss itself. This nostalgia for the event (evident through the recreation of formal aspects of the trauma within the memorial structure) is a pathological response that constitutes, in Jacques Derrida’s words, “the madness of an amnesiac fidelity, of a forgetful hypermnesia.”16 The Katrina Memorial functions as a site of amnesiac projection that attempts to infinitely and permanently duplicate the event so that the psyche does not have to. This architectural repetition compulsion seeks to obliterate the specificity of loss, by virtue of its obsession with scale and with quantifying and containing the dead. Their bodies are embedded within memorials that perform hyper-national functions of historical reclamation and revision.
Hurricane Katrina catalyzed a nationally-televised disaster centered on generational, racial inequity. The spectacle of Katrina broadcast, all too briefly, the faces of those who remain fundamentally forgotten and invisible in our political and cultural landscape. In the wake of their exposure, dominant cultural mechanisms of erasure and amnesia, including memorialization strategies of containment and enclosure, were invoked to return these citizens to their designated peripheral spaces. And yet, as Freud insists, the repressed have infinite and fantastic methods of resurrection.17 Their legacy remains inscribed in search and rescue graffiti scrawled not only on abandoned houses. These strange, hieroglyphic markings are preserved as memorials on many homes otherwise restored to their original grandeur. They stand as statements of silent resilience, insisting that Katrina’s ghosts remain defiantly in the face of the nation that left them behind.
Figure 4. This search and rescue code is preserved on a Garden District home. Photograph by the author.
In contrast to this localized aesthetic of preservation as a celebration of survival, the Katrina Memorial engages in an architectural whitewashing of the generational history of poverty in New Orleans. Simon Stow argues that the Bush administration’s response to Hurricane Katrina, particularly the President’s flawed public invocation of the “second line” tradition in jazz funerals, recalls Greek conceptions of democratic forgetting and ritualized mourning practices as devices for containing elements of civil unrest and “problematic remembering.”18 Chief among these amnesiac devices was “whitewashing,” the recovering, for the purposes of revision, the surface of an official tablet bearing condemnations or grievances deemed threatening to the polis. According to Stow, whitewashing constituted “a process that captured the way in which, for the Greeks, to erase meant to destroy by additional covering.”19 The Katrina Memorial juxtaposes whitewashing techniques of revision with psychoanalytic strategies of traumatic “flooding” to induce a collective dissociative experience in visitors—an experience that, in its fixation on the horrific grandeur of trauma, forgets to remember.
The Katrina Memorial operates on the geographic periphery of the disaster tourism narrative prevalent in post-Katrina New Orleans. Katrina tourism targets disaster consumers similar to those Sturken terms “tourists of history”: passive subjects who locate their historical/political status via their relationship to “consumerism, media images, souvenirs, popular culture, and museum and architectural reenactments . . . a form of tourism that has as its goal a cathartic ‘experience’ of history.”20 As Anna Hartnell has demonstrated, the aftermath of Katrina shifted New Orleans tourist destinations to include the damaged lower wards, but the underlying mechanism of amnesiac appropriation is an acceleration of “pre-Katrina trends”: “Like the commodification of black New Orleans that arguably formed the centerpiece of the city’s tourist industry before the storm, Katrina tourism can be read as a process of forgetting.”21 As participants in this narrative of historical consumption, “disaster tourists” board the “Katrina bus,” a vehicle for voyeuristic exploration of the storm-ravaged lower wards. Upon the tour’s conclusion, visitors are returned to the relatively pristine French Quarter, unscathed by disturbing interactions with survivors of the storm and its aftermath who are, in most cases, eerily absent.22 The Katrina Memorial functions as an integral yet inaccessible extension of this disaster tourism narrative: beyond a visual survey of the hurricane’s aftermath, the memorial is shaped as the virtual experience of disaster. Its problematic remains are effectively contained within a burial ground historically assigned to the unknown dead on the city’s outer fringes.
The Katrina Memorial offers a compelling example of the architecture of traumatic inscription as a failure of incorporative mourning, recalling Freud’s assertion that melancholia “behaves like an open wound” that seeks to fill itself entirely with absence.23 For Freud, melancholic incorporation constituted a failure to mourn. Rather than productively “working through” loss, the subject absorbs the loss itself, creating an intrinsic homage to trauma that lives within the survivor. Melancholia then incorporates the lost object, establishing a permanent attachment to loss within the subject. Derrida speaks more favorably of this melancholic refusal when he theorizes the ethical impossibility and infinity of mourning. For Derrida, in order to remain faithful to the alterity of the absent other, interiorization must remain both impossible and incomplete. This “unbearable paradox of fidelity” results from “another organization of space and of visibility, of the gazing and the gazed upon.”24 In Derrida’s understanding, the necessary failure of interiorization is related not to the limits of a specific enclosure, but rather to the drastic revision of “space and visibility”: “a geometry of gazes” that reduces the dead to a series of “images.”25 In keeping with Freud’s theory of rapaciously consumptive melancholia, Maria Torok and Nicholas Abraham’s conception of “incorporation” also constitutes a failure to mourn successfully. For Abraham and Torok, “internalization,” the primary supportive mechanism behind mourning processes, is broken into two subsets: “introjection,” the process of symbolically absorbing the other in normative or “successful” mourning, and “incorporation,” the fantastic wound of melancholia in which the totality of the loss remains unrealizable and the other is encrypted within the psyche.26 The Katrina Memorial enacts a form of failed incorporation, establishing a site of perpetual detachment in which the other is permanently encrypted without, that is, outside of, the subject. The “foreign body” is not “lodged within the subject,” but enclosed forever in its foreignness, entirely other but also entirely inaccessible.27 Rather than a dismissal of the full significance of the loss, failed incorporation in this instance takes the form of hyper-memorialization—a bizarre fixation on the event itself, rather than the lost object. As Lawrence Johnson explains, “incorporation produces the gap in the psyche which Abraham and Torok have called the crypt, a place where the lost object is to be kept alive within the ego.”28 Between Nicolas Abraham and Jacques Derrida,” PMC 10.3 (2000), 2.] I propose that failed incorporation, in this instance, produces a place outside the subject where the lost object is kept dead, and externalized.
This external encryption is heightened by the memorial’s problematic interment of Katrina decedents in the place of an existing cemetery, necessitating the disruption (and at times removal) of the bodies already housed there. The site is located on land donated by Louisiana State University, which originally housed the Charity Hospital Cemetery, a repository for the remains of centuries of New Orleans’ poorest citizens in unmarked graves. During topsoil removal and land clearing, human bone fragments were unearthed, cataloged, and relocated by onsite archaeologists.29 The placement of the Katrina Memorial, which commemorates those who died as a result of large-scale governmental failure and neglect, on the site of a charity cemetery enacts an uncanny symmetry. The displacement of the Charity Hospital dead to create space for the memorial strangely mirrors the Katrina diaspora, and continues to categorize the dead into those who are worthy or unworthy of memorialization. The site enacts an architectural whitewashing, erasing the buried history of racial injustice in New Orleans to memorialize a so-called natural disaster. The Katrina Memorial inscribes the image of a hurricane on top of centuries of unmarked graves, paving over the anonymous burial ground of poverty with a monument to disaster.
Traces of unburied anxiety resonate at sites of traumatic rupture, which exceed the absorptive capacity of the mind and the earth. At the Katrina Memorial, the absent presence of the unknown dead is contained within an architecture of (en)closure. The memorial attempts to localize the process of mourning. Its gates and fences impose finite boundaries upon the traumas endured by the bodies encrypted within the structure. Through its insistence on exteriority and finality, this architecture of (en)closure constitutes a failure of incorporative mourning. According to Abraham and Torok, instances of failed mourning generate linguistic barriers to representation known as crypts, in which the ego incorporates object-loss. The cryptophoric subject is rendered mute in relation to this loss: to speak of it would destroy the illusion of integration. For the crypt-bearer, to utter any word that alludes to the loss would be a catastrophic acknowledgement that the object is not alive within, but dead, without. Conversely, the Katrina Memorial, as a monument of failed incorporation, permanently inscribes the traumatic event into the cultural landscape, keeping the dead externalized. Yet this process of encryption is neither final nor failsafe. As Johnson argues, the telling silences that orbit crypts eventually betray their existence through “cryptonymic secretions”:
The crypt operates . . . like a blind spot within the ego, filtering away any words, phrases, representations, or actions that might give away the secret locked in the crypt. . . . [T]he term ‘secretion’ refers both to the process of concealment and to the separation and excretion of internal matter. The crypt continually gives itself away by being conspicuous in failing to provide any evidence of its existence. It secretes itself in an enclave that refuses to admit to an exterior realm, yet its blockages produce a language that manifests on the surface, thereby revealing to the outside world the gaps that inhere within.30
The memorial seeks to externally encrypt the unknown casualties of Katrina; it insists on the finality of their containment. The architectural inscription of the hurricane and enclosure of the site behind spiked metal fencing attests to the structural desire to barricade the hurricane and its casualties. The Charity Hospital gates allude to the encrypted secrets of the unclaimed and unknown bodies contained within, and the legacy of their abandonment.
The engraving of a symbolic representation of the traumatic event upon the landscape invites correlations with conceptions of “flooding” in trauma theory and psychotherapeutic practice. Rouse, the memorial’s conceptual designer, is a practicing psychiatrist—it is therefore possible that elements of psychoanalytic theory may have influenced the structural design. As a symptom of post-traumatic stress, flooding is reminiscent of the seepage associated with Johnson’s understanding of “cryptonymic secretions.”31 When a traumatic event has not been effectively processed by the psyche, remnants of the trauma may unexpectedly “leak” or “flood” from spaces of (unsuccessful) psychological containment. “Emotional flooding of trauma survivors involves expressive leakage of minimally processed affective experience. Because trauma-related feelings are intense, they tend to leak out in ways that survivors experience as unintended, unpredictable, or incomprehensible.”32 Conversely, the term “flooding” has also been used in the treatment of phobias and anxiety. Direct therapeutic exposure, also known as flooding, is defined as “repeated or extended exposure, either in reality or in fantasy, to objectively harmless, but feared, stimuli for the purpose of reducing negative affect.”33 Flooding strategies have at times been negatively associated with more extreme forms of implosive therapy, which engages frightening psychodynamic cues in an effort to enhance anxiety arousal, intended to foster “rapid extinction” of the phobia. Research has indicated that such “implosive” triggers are not only “ineffective” but also, in many instances, “contra-therapeutic” and re-traumatizing.34 The wounding effects of triggering traumatic memories recall Freudian notions of the cyclical return of repression, which manifests in the tendency of many traumatized individuals to seek “compulsive re-exposure . . . to situations reminiscent of the trauma.”35 While Freud suggested that the goal of repetition is to “gain mastery” over the trauma, clinical experience shows that repetition often causes further suffering.36 The reclamation of the formal structure of the traumatic event for the purposes of memorialization sits firmly within the realms of a repetition compulsion. While visitors wander toward the eye of the hurricane, and the tombs it parallels, the structure recalls the entrapment of the storm’s aftermath. This architectural flooding strategy is aimed not at alleviating suffering in survivors, but at cultivating historical forgetting in disaster tourists and virtual witnesses by virtue of an inscription of the event so traumatically provocative that it forgets to remember anything other than itself.
Within the framework of post-traumatic aftermath, as Cathy Caruth explains, “to be traumatized is precisely to be possessed by an image or an event.”37 In the space of hyper-memorialization, the act of mourning is eclipsed by the spectacle of the event. This possessive preference for the event en masse subverts bereavement processes by virtue of its incessant fascination with the reenactment of trauma. Through architectural preservation and cultivation of traumatic repetition, the Katrina Memorial ensures that participants remain situated not in an ongoing grief process, but in an infinitely replicated traumatic event. In this instance, memorial culture remains fixed within the repetition compulsion; the memorial is designed to produce and invite new reverberations as visitors arrive and depart. Speaking of post-traumatic hallucinations or flashes, Caruth argues against defining traumatic aftermath purely through links with the event:
The pathology cannot be defined either by the event itself . . . nor can it be defined in terms of a distortion of the event, achieving its haunting power as a result of distorting personal significances attached to it. The pathology consists, rather, solely in the structure of its experience or reception: the event is not assimilated or experienced fully at the time, but only belatedly, in its repeated possession of the one who experiences it.38
In terms of an evocative pathological response, the memorial figuration of trauma hinges on a “distortion of the event” rather than the “personal significances” attached to it. Through inscription and narration, the memorial speaks with a singular voice, drowning out the potential distortions of “personal significances”—the ghosts of lost objects. These ghosts are silenced not only from a societal refusal to fully acknowledge the significance of their deaths, but also from an insistence on the absolute significance of the event, rather than the individuals directly affected by it. In its fixation on external (en)closure, the Katrina Memorial denies the hospitality of incorporative mourning. The use of the term (en)closure in this context has connotations not only with containing the dead, but also with the memorialists’ search for “closure,” for a finite end to the process of mourning. In post-traumatic contexts, the externalization operating within the architecture of failed mourning prevalent at the Katrina Memorial can be conceived as a collective dissociative experience. According to Bessel van der Kolk et al., in post-traumatic conditions, “the memory of trauma is not integrated and accepted as a part of one’s personal past; instead, it comes to exist independently of previous schemata (i.e., it is dissociated).”39 Dissociation functions as a psychological form of externalization—operating around a refusal or incapacity to integrate a significant trauma. The Katrina Memorial, in its insistence that the traumatic event exists independently of all that preceded or followed it, attempts to create and contain a collective dissociative experience.
Above all, the Katrina Memorial attempts to localize and categorize the identity of the unknown and, if this is not possible, to encase it, symbolically or literally, within the finality of a tomb. In Derrida’s words, “what the crypt commemorates, as the incorporated object’s ‘monument’ or ‘tomb,’ is not the object itself, but its exclusion.”40 In this instance, the excluded objects are the absent bodies—those who remain undiscovered, abandoned, or ignored. As Henry A. Giroux writes, “cadavers have a way of insinuating themselves on consciousness, demanding answers to questions that aren’t often asked.”41 In New Orleans, it is also the knowledge of unburied bodies—those that drifted away or came to rest on street corners and sidewalks—and the detached observation of them from the beginning as live bodies, including the visibility of their abandonment and subsequent deaths, that must be encrypted. The labyrinth is the chosen form because it enables the closure tourists to wander as if they had endured the traumatic event. They are allowed to participate in absentia of the dead, to enact some virtual mourning, perhaps even virtual rescue and recovery, complete with the deluded finality that the bodies are safely contained within literal or symbolic tombs. The function of the site as crypt is to encase, enclose, and contain absent bodies. The memorial operates within the delusion that the unknown dead have been interred, that there is a finality to the process of mourning them.
“FAILING WELL”: DIASPORIC MOURNING IN JANA NAPOLI’S FLOODWALL
The infinite multiplicity of trauma as a global phenomenon necessitates a discourse on the hospitality of mourning strangers—persons often defined according to categories of distance and difference. The ethical imperative behind this dialogue cannot be ignored. As long as certain casualties are privileged over expendable others, the necessity of disaster (be it preemptive war or the escalation in so-called natural disasters) can be collectively rationalized as unavoidable. In order to begin the work of mourning the unknown it is necessary to move beyond a figuration of mourning as bordered by the known (personalized, localized), towards an understanding of the blank face of grief: a god-shaped hole capable of absorbing anyone. It is not until we are able to approach the work of mourning those who are faceless, forgotten, or unnamable, that we can collectively cease to categorize the dead as tragic or expendable, legitimate or illegitimate, familiar or other. This cessation of ownership is an integral approach toward the threshold at which we can contemplate mourning on a global scale, as an ecological act, existing beyond the individual, beyond even the human.
The Katrina Memorial’s enclosure of the unknown dead within a structural recreation of the traumatic event that claimed their lives recalls Judith Butler’s discussion of the appropriation of particular forms of mourning for political and national purposes. This requisition is in stark contrast to the denial and denigration of other forms of mourning, those that exist outside the parameters of preferred functional bereavements that are utilized in the “working through” of nationalist agendas:
Certain forms of grief become nationally recognized and amplified, whereas other losses become unthinkable and ungrievable. . . . A national melancholia, understood as a disavowed mourning, follows upon the erasure from public representation of the names, images, and narratives of those the U.S. has killed. On the other hand, the U.S.’s own losses are consecrated in public obituaries that constitute so many acts of nation-building.42
The Katrina Memorial contains bodies that interrupt dominant cultural narratives of patriotism and privilege—casualties that testify, rather, to systemic governmental failure and neglect. Beyond this discussion of the categorization of deaths in terms of grievability is the question of how the public segregation of those deemed ungrievable constitutes a failure in the hospitality of mourning. The structure displaces the anonymous Charity Hospital dead who originally inhabited the site, even as it seeks to permanently entomb the “forgotten” and “unknown” remains of Hurricane Katrina.
In the context of hospitable mourning, Derrida offers an understanding of haunting as visitation: the ghost as guest, the haunted as host. “The spectre appears to present itself during a visitation . . . . It (re)pays us a visit, since it returns to see us and . . . translates well the recurrence or returning, the frequency of a visitation.”43
Despite the reciprocity implicit in this representation of haunting, it is not entirely hospitable, because it is not entirely without imposition. The visit is, by nature, an imposition on the host, no matter how willing, for, as Derrida explains, haunting inevitably invokes anxiety:
If such a conjuration seems welcoming and hospitable, since it calls forth the dead . . . it is never free of anxiety. This anxiety in the face of the ghost is properly revolutionary. If death weighs on the living brain of the living . . . it must then have some spectral density. To weigh is also to charge, tax, impose, indebt, accuse, assign, enjoin. And the more life there is, the graver the specter of the other becomes, the heavier its imposition. And the more the living have to answer for it. To answer for the dead, to respond to the dead.44
Perhaps, then, the relative success or failure of mourning depends on how one responds to the weight of this “spectral density,” how one responds to the dead, and the anxiety their visit produces. In the Derridian sense, there can be no truly successful mourning, since mourning never really ends. This question of anxiety speaks to the paradox of mourning: to engage in normative, functional bereavement that moves beyond attachment to the lost object constitutes a failure of hospitality toward the dead, it necessitates their expulsion. Mourning, for Derrida, is an impossible command; the “law of mourning” demands that “in order to succeed, it would have to fail, to failwell.”45 The incorporation of the other, which Freud originally conceptualized as a failure of mourning, is itself an act of hospitality, a preparation for spectral visitation. Nevertheless, Derrida insists that the ghost, while existing within us, is simultaneously entirely removed from us, “an interiorization of what can never be interiorized.”46 The failure of normative mourning (as “working through” loss) then becomes an act of refusal, rejecting the productivity of grief, refusing to complete the “work” of mourning. The Katrina Memorial constitutes a failure not only of incorporative but also of hospitable mourning: the enclosed structure quarantines the dead and excludes the living.
In contrast to the architectural enclosure of the Katrina Memorial, Jana Napoli has created a transient site of mourning that inhabits the territory of memorialization while preserving a sense of reverence for the unknown. Floodwall, Napoli’s site-specific sculptural installation, is composed of 710 household drawers salvaged from street-side debris following Hurricane Katrina. Wandering the vacant streets of her drowned city, Napoli instinctively began collecting and cataloging discarded drawers: “I wanted to take this intimate and homely detritus out of this sodden world.”47 In collaboration with artist Rondell Crier and oral historian Tatiana Clay, Napoli has constructed an interactive digital archive that seeks to identify the drawers’ original owners and share their stories, which form an integral part of every exhibit.48 Floodwall has been constructed in three varying incarnations: the vertical or “wall configuration,” which stands as a “monument of immeasurable loss,” the horizontal or “tombstone” configuration, which functions as a “memorial and sentinel of the past,” and the “enclosed or room” configuration, which “envelops the spectator in . . . the unutterable loneliness of deep mourning.”49 Napoli’s installations hinge on their reconstructive portability. Her drawers allude to losses that cannot be internalized–absences we nevertheless carry with us, which surround and contain us in some fundamental way. By virtue of their vacancy, Napoli’s drawers invite empathetic projection, memorializing the absent bodies of the unknown by situating the “tomb” in miniature: the empty drawer. The “room configuration” speaks to the “envelop[ing]” hospitality of an interior while remaining essentially external. It seeks to enclose the living, rather than the dead, in the impenetrable silence of mourning.
Napoli has exhibited widely across the United States and Europe. In January 2007, Floodwall occupied the Liberty Street Bridge of the World Financial Center. Against a backdrop view of the raw excavation of Ground Zero, the drawers stood, in Napoli’s words, “like empty luggage without their passengers and flowing like a levee broken in places.”50
Figure 5. Floodwall, Liberty Street Bridge Exhibit. © Jana Napoli. Reproduced with permission
In contrast to the Katrina Memorial, Floodwall figures the empty drawer/vacant tomb not as public crypt but as symbol and signifier of the otherness of the dead, who remain nameless and tombless, and thus, in Derrida’s words, “all the more sublime.”51 Napoli’s work involves an acknowledgment of the “blank spaces” that exist in the face of mourning.52 Standing upright, empty of their contents, the drawers act as uncanny reminders of New Orleans’s cemeteries:
The light glints off the veneer fronts and you think of a graveyard of marble slabs with only a few words to explain the wonder of flesh. Something says, look on, Visitor, for once we were full of life like you.
Then you notice the space between the drawers. This is a useless wall you think. It cannot hold anything back. . . . Ghosts pass through the gaps in the drawers and coldly pass through bystanders. Ghosts looking for the city of New Orleans and for the treasures these drawers once contained.53
The startling emptiness of Floodwall’s drawers conjures, in Derrida’s words, an “intrinsic exteriority” that invites projection, remaining estranged from the spectator while evoking an innate sense of familiarity.54 Napoli’s empty drawers enact a phantom limb tangibility that is felt most acutely in its absence, a literal embodiment of Derrida’s “vacant centre.”55 Floodwall attempts the dissolution of an egocentric perspective in mourning. The installation preserves the otherness of haunting by obliterating, at least temporarily, the need for interiorization through the provision of an external site for the mourning of the anonymous dead. Floodwall invites Katrina’s ghosts to inhabit the “blank spaces” of their absence via the startling hollowness of the drawers. This reciprocal habitation allows the viewer to imagine one’s own belongings in the drawer, one’s own body in the tomb.
Figure 6. Floodwall, Liberty Street Bridge Exhibit. © Jana Napoli. Reproduced with permission.
Floodwall acts as an exterior but empty tomb, infinitely hospitable in its patient vacancy. This crypt is contained neither within the body nor the psyche (at least not entirely). The unknown dead are reverentially invited to occupy an external artifact. The distinction between the “success” of this (paradoxical) external site of incorporative mourning and the failed encryption of the Katrina Memorial hinges on its conceptions of transience and reverence: a quiet insistence on the portability of ghosts. A series of hollow tombs are repetitively constructed and deconstructed. In contrast, the enclosure and localization of the Katrina Memorial insists that the space of mourning is designated and confined. Floodwall refigures exteriorization as a form of mourning that “fails well” in its refusal to enclose the other, establishing instead portable altars that enact the hospitality of incorporation, providing a perpetual home for diasporic ghosts.
Fig. 1: Artist’s rendering of Katrina Memorial, © Matthews International, reproduced with permission.
Fig. 2: The Katrina Memorial. April 2010, photograph by the author.
Fig. 3: The Katrina Memorial. April 2010, photograph by the author. The gates are all that remain of this section of the original Charity Hospital Cemetery.
Fig. 4: Search and rescue code preserved on a Garden District home, photograph by the author.
Figs. 5-6: Floodwall, Liberty Street Bridge Exhibit, © Jana Napoli, reproduced with permission.
Laura Maggi, “Katrina Dead Interred at New Memorial,” New Orleans Metro Real Time News (August 29, 2008). Accessed September 2008. ↩
New Orleans Katrina Memorial. Accessed July 2009, emphasis mine. ↩
Doug MacCash, “New Orleans Katrina Memorial is Almost Perfect,” The Times Picayune (September 14, 2007). Accessed September 2008. ↩
New Orleans Katrina Memorial Proposal. Accessed September 2007. ↩
New Orleans Katrina Memorial Proposal. ↩
No demographic data on the memorial’s visitors currently exists. Likewise, no scholarly research has yet examined the memorial, either from an architectural or psychoanalytic approach. I am currently seeking research funding that would enable me to interview residents and Katrina survivors regarding the memorial’s design and location at Charity Hospital Cemetery on Canal Street. ↩
According to Frank Minyard, coroner of Orleans Parish, who performed autopsies on approximately one thousand Katrina fatalities, the “number one killer with Katrina was not drowning, it was not accidental falls, it was the exacerbation . . . of a heart condition, or a liver condition, or a brain condition . . . . Any kind of a disease that a person had was made worse” by the traumatic stress of the storm’s aftermath. Federal Emergency Management Agency Interview with Minyard. Accessed February 2010. ↩
“Sign of Katrina Fatigue? Memorial Delayed,” The Associated Press (July 13, 2008). Accessed August 2008. ↩
See Michael P. Bibler’s “Always the Tragic Jezebel: New Orleans, Katrina, and the Layered Discourse of a Doomed Southern City,” Southern Cultures 14.2, 6-27. See also Billy Southern, Down in New Orleans: Reflections on a Drowned City (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007), 128-132. ↩
John Burnett, “Evacuees Were Turned Away at Gretna,” NPR. Accessed October 2010. ↩
Southern, 63. ↩
Laura Maggi and Brendan McCarthy, “Danziger Bridge shooting plea, second in case, provides new cover up details,” The Times Picayune (March 11, 2010). Accessed April 2010. ↩
Laura Maggi and Brendan McCarthy, “Judge in Danziger case sickened by ‘raw brutality of the shooting and craven lawlessness of the cover-up,’” The Times Picayune Online (April 7, 2010). Accessed May 2010. ↩
“Sign of Katrina Fatigue? Memorial Delayed.” ↩
Marita Sturken, Tourists of History: Memory, Kitsch and Consumerism from Oklahoma City to Ground Zero (Durham: Duke UP, 2007), 9. Sturken’s use of this term is in relation to the Ground Zero Memorial, “Reflecting Absence.” ↩
Derrida, Of Hospitality, 66. ↩
Sigmund Freud, “Psychoanalytic Notes on an Autobiographical Account of a Case of Paranoia” (1911), trans A. Strachey and J. Strachey, in The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, vol. 12, ed. J. Strachey, (London: Hogarth, 1958), 67-68. ↩
Simon Stow, “Do You Know What it Means to Miss New Orleans? George Bush, the Jazz Funeral, and the Politics of Memory,” Theory and Event 12.2 (2009), 6. ↩
Stow, 16. ↩
Sturken, 9. ↩
Anna Hartnell, “Katrina Tourism and a Tale of Two Cities: Visualizing Race and Class in New Orleans,” American Quarterly 61.3 (2009), 724. ↩
Hartnell, 723-725. ↩
See Sigmund Freud, “Mourning and Melancholia,” On Metapsychology, ed. Angela Richards (New York: Penguin, 1991), 262. ↩
Jacques Derrida, The Work of Mourning, ed. Pascale-Anne Brault and Michael Naas (Chicago: U of Chicago Press, 2001), 159. ↩
Derrida, The Work of Mourning, 159. ↩
See Nicholas Abraham and Maria Torok, “Mourning or Melancholia: Introjection versus Incorporation” in The Shell and the Kernel: Renewals of Psychoanalysis, ed. and trans. Nicholas T. Rand (Chicago: UP of Chicago, 1994), 125-139. ↩
Abraham and Torok, 174. ↩
Johnson, Lawrence, “Tracing Calculation [Calque Calcul ↩
“Sign of Katrina Fatigue? Memorial Delayed.” While there has been no academic analysis of the memorial construction to date, the dislocation of the Charity Hospital graves has been significantly under-reported in press coverage of the memorial. ↩
“Cryptonymic Secretions: On the Kindness of Strangers,” Mourning and its Hospitalities / after . . . Unpublished forthcoming collection, cited with author’s permission. ↩
Lawrence Johnson, “Cryptonymic Secretions: On the Kindness of Strangers,” Mourning and its Hospitalities / after . . . Unpublished forthcoming collection, cited with author’s permission. ↩
Eileen Kennedy-Moore and Jeanne C. Watson, Expressing Emotion: Myths, Realities, and Therapeutic Strategies (New York Guilford Press, 1999), 241. ↩
Patrick A. Boudewyns and Robert H. Shipley, Flooding and Implosive Therapy: Direct Therapeutic Exposure in Clinical Practice (New York: Plenum Press, 1983), 3. ↩
Larry Michelson, “Flooding,” Dictionary of Behavior Therapy Techniques, eds. Alan S. Bellack and Michel Hersen (New York: Pergamon Press, 1985), 130. ↩
Bessel A. van der Kolk, Alexander C. McFarlane, and Lars Weisaeth.Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society(New York: Guilford Press, 1996), 493. ↩
van der Kolk et al., 493. ↩
Cathy Caruth, Trauma: Explorations in Memory (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995), 4. ↩
Caruth, 4. ↩
Jacques Derrida, “Fors: The Anglish Words of Nicholas Abraham and Maria Torok,” trans. Barbara Johnson, in The Wolf Man’s Magic Word: A Cryptonymy, by Nicholas Abraham and Maria Torok, trans. Nicholas Rand (Minneapolis: UP of Minnesota, 1986), xvii. ↩
Henry A Giroux. “Reading Hurricane Katrina: Race, Class, and the Biopolitics of Disposability,” College Literature 33.3 (2006), 174. ↩
Judith Butler, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence (New York: Verso, 2004), xv. ↩
Jacques Derrida, Spectres of Marx: The State of Debt, the Work of Mourning, and the New International, trans. Peggy Kamuf (New York: Routledge, 1994), 101. ↩
Derrida, Spectres, 109. ↩
Jacques Derrida, Mémoires for Paul de Man, trans. Cecile Lindsay, Jonathan Culler, Eduardo Cadava, and Peggy Kamuf (New York: Columbia UP, 1989), 144. ↩
Pascale-Anne Brault. “To Reckon with the Dead: Jacques Derrida’s Politics of Mourning,” Editor’s Introduction, The Work of Mourning, by Jacques Derrida (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2001), 11. ↩
Jana Napoli, “Artist’s Statement.” Accessed February 2010. ↩
As each drawer was collected, Napoli recorded the address where it was retrieved. As Floodwall began to take shape, not only as a travelling sculptural installation, but also as cultural phenomenon reflective of the reconstructive capacity the city of New Orleans, Napoli enlisted the help of artist Rondell Crier and oral historian Tatiana Clay, who searched for surviving owners, friends, or relatives who could share stories associated with these cultural artifacts. Their stories form a component of Floodwall installations and will eventually be incorporated into the website. For a sample of this digital archive, see: here. Accessed February 2010. ↩
Jana Napoli, “Artist’s Statement.” ↩
Derrida, Mémoires, 26. ↩
Interview with Jana Napoli, September 2008. ↩
Terry Lee Park, “From New Orleans to Ground Zero,” Floodwall Exhibition Catalog (Whirlwind Creative: 2007), 3. ↩
Jacques Derrida, On Touching – Jean-Luc Nancy, trans. Christine Irizarry (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2005), 16. ↩
Jacques Derrida, On Touching, 16. ↩
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BBC Sport football
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Page last updated at 08:02 GMT, Tuesday, 3 August 2010 09:02 UK
Nottingham Forest chairman Doughty backs Billy Davies
Doughty took over as Forest chairman in 2002
Nottingham Forest chairman Nigel Doughty insists manager Billy Davies has his full support.
There has been constant speculation about a fall-out between the Reds' board and Davies over the club's transfer policy.
But Doughty told BBC Radio Nottingham: "We have a fantastic manager here, and one of the reasons he is fantastic is that he is demanding of everybody.
"You wouldn't want to back a manager who was accepting of his lot."
Last week, Davies suggested that reports of a bust-up with the board were wide of the mark.
"I have not complained, had a grievance or a discussion with any of the board or transfer acquisition committee," Davies said.
"There are many things written about the manager - he's been disciplined, he's resigning or he's fallen out with the board. It doesn't exist."
Doughty added: "I think you have to take it with a little bit of a pinch of salt at times and there is a game to be played."
Despite finishing third in the table last season, Forest are yet to make a new signing this summer.
"It would be easy for me to bring in a number of people who would not improve our squad," said Doughty.
"We have one or two targets of top-class Championship level and one or two targets of up-and-coming stars from the Premiership stable."
Forest made nine signings last summer, but also failed to add to their squad in January - much to Davies' frustration.
But Doughty believes that is partly down to Davies' desire to be the best and insists Forest are backing their boss.
606: DEBATE
Can Forest challenge for promotion again this season?
"I've been very privileged in my career to work with a lot of talented people. When you work with talented people, they always want more," explained the Forest chairman.
"Billy and I giggle, 'Do we need 90 more players to get promoted Billy? Four more strikers?' We giggle about it ourselves and we respect each other.
"We're backing Billy and the reason we are investing is because we've got probably the best manager in the game at this level and in my view someone who'll go on to much greater things.
"He's very talented, I think he deserves our support and we'll try to give it to him."
BBC NOTTINGHAM - LATEST SPORTS NEWS
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USA vs The World: Decisions That Made the Difference by Various - CrossFit Journal
USA vs The World: Decisions That Made the Difference
In Athletes, Competition, CrossFit, CrossFit Games, HD Videos
On Saturday, Oct. 26, Team World entered the CrossFit Invitational in Berlin as the underdog, but the group pulled off an upset that surprised everyone—except its members.
“We want to win, otherwise we wouldn’t have come this far, right?” asked Team World member Kara Webb.
This video presents highlights of the 75-minute competition, including interviews, sounds from the coaches’ microphones, and special behind-the-scenes footage.
As Team World coach Mads Jacobsen quietly remained on the sidelines, Team USA coach Matt Chan yelled motivation and rarely stayed in one spot.
“I want you guys to get out here and fucking destroy this workout. Don’t feel sorry for yourselves. Think about this as, ‘We are gonna crush this motherfucker,’” Chan told the female Team USA members while they were shaking off the effects of Event 1 and preparing for Event 2. “I’d head butt y’all right now but I think it would be inappropriate.”
Team USA fell behind after Event 1 and lost Event 2 but came back to win Event 3 and two-thirds of the points available in Event 4. Before the critical final event, Team USA led by just two points.
“You got one big one left, seven points. This is win or lose, this is win or lose. This is it. This is the one,” a fired-up Chan told Team USA. ”You’re here because you’re the best, because you can recover the most from the most shit. … Let’s go out there and fucking win.”
But it was Team World that was victorious in the last event, making the final score 24 to 19 in favor of the athletes from Europe, Australia and Canada.
“We came in definitely as the underdogs,” said Games champion Sam Briggs. “I think I can genuinely say that everybody gave it their everything.”
To watch the entire competition, visit Games.CrossFit.com.
Video by Heber Cannon.
11min 24sec
HD file size: 205 MB
SD mov file size: 81 MB
Please note: For smoother viewing of HD videos, please download the entire file to your hard drive before watching it (right-click and choose Save Link As...).
Additional audio: CrossFit Radio Episode 302 by Justin Judkins, published Sept. 28, 2013.
Download as 720p HD MP4.
Download as SD Quicktime. (iPhone/iPod compatible)
This Is Annie Thorisdottir
Growing Up Strong
As a child, Annie Thorisdottir took ballet. It didn’t stick for long, though. Like her cousins, she wanted to try gymnastics. She made it to Iceland’s national team but quit… Continue Reading
With three older brothers, Lauren Fisher quickly learned how to play with the boys.
“She would just never back down,” says Fisher’s mom, Linda.
At 12 years old, Fisher started training… Continue Reading
A First Timer
The Fate of Marcus Hendren
At this year’s CrossFit Games, Alessandra Pichelli never finished an event outside the top 20.
“I want to prove to myself that my body’s capable of great things,” she said… Continue Reading
Throughout the hotly contested men’s competition at the Central East Regional, spectators kept asking the same question: If both Rich Froning Jr. and Graham Holmberg qualify for the… Continue Reading
2 Comments on “USA vs The World: Decisions That Made the Difference”
An outstanding performance by Team World, so proud of each and every one of you. Never be intimidated by the opposition. However good they were yesterday, they are only as good as they are today - just like you. Go Team WOrld!
That´s right, but in fact it would have been much harder for team world if team USA wouldn`t have had a real weak Point... I think we know who is meant.
But it was a great show and gave a good view on this sport, so finally they all won anyway ;)
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David Beckham Launches MLS Team In Miami
Your Blog » David Beckham Launches MLS Team In Miami
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Beckham announces that he would retire from football at the end of the season. His final match is a 3-1 property win more than Brest, exactly where he captains the team and receives a standing ovation from fans when subbed off soon after 80 minutes. They decided to compete in a video competitors, and went straight for our source the crowd pleaser: the episode in the hit Fox show Glee where the football team does a dance to Beyoncé's 'Put A Ring On It'.Get your bet paid out as a winner if the team you back goes 2 objectives ahead. The Bears started two-1, but have lost five straight and are nevertheless looking for their first league win. The defense has allowed nearly 440 yards and far more than 30 points per game. The team has struggled offensively, with 3 different quarterbacks seeing action this season.It is fine to accept compliments and praise, specifically if you can acknowledge the roles other individuals played in your accomplishment or achievement. For instance, if you are a star athlete, you most likely nevertheless have a fantastic group behind you. When you win the massive game, accept praise for your good performance, but bear in mind to extend that praise to your teammates, also. That type of behavior shows true self-confidence, not cockiness.As we mentioned above Messi, Ronaldo and Neymar are the most pricey players on the game - but choosing all 3 sets you back practically half your general budget of £50m. Know that odds at the track tell you quantity of profit you will make per dollar spent. Odds of 3-5 indicate that your profit will be three-fifths of a dollar. In other words, for every $5 you bet you can win $three in profit.Get your bet paid out as a winner if the team you back goes two goals ahead. As a black football player who was born and raised in St. Petersburg, Russia, Bryan Idowu knows all about racism in Russia. You have to be always organized. Show your group that you are a leader on and off the field. For instance, if you are playing soccer, make a program and tell your team what they need to do to win. We offer the ideal ideas to aid you win at sport betting our source tips and predictions are made by specialist punters and can bring substantial gains. Sports betting can be a way to win. For most people, betting is only one way to loosen up, a distraction, but there are men and women like you who see sports betting as an effective way to invest and gain profit. With the ideas that we supply day-to-day your earnings will enhance considerably.A new group in Los Angeles — LAFC — will make their MLS bow subsequent season even though last month, Nashville became the 24th franchise. Cincinnati, Sacramento and Detroit are all in the hunt to join Miami and turn into the 26th of an ever-expanding League.Do not worry about stripping the ball. Good tackles take place due to the fact of appropriate form and hit-placement. Despite the fact that the NFL highlight reels are filled with spectacular-seeking flying tackles and hits that jostle the ball loose, focusing on creating that happen every single time will make you miss tackles, pure and basic. Stay focused on obtaining the ball player on the ground, not stripping the ball.English football form guides are offered on every league. Championship type guides , League A single form guides and League Two type guides are broadly offered to assist you assess a side's possibilities of winning. The group which has handle of the ball will have their offence (attacking players) on the pitch. The attacking players will attempt to move the ball forward and score touchdowns.If you have any questions concerning where and how to use our source, you can speak to us at our source website. A number of failed attempts to find a suitable website for a soccer specific 25,000-capacity stadium held back plans whilst regional politicians, wary of the backlash from Miami residents following the controversy of developing the unpopular Marlins Park baseball arena — which will eventually price the taxpayer in excess of $two billion — dragged their feet.Becoming in a position to go from defense to swiftly mount an attack is a fantastic asset for your team to have. Of course, getting fast players tends to make this less difficult, but it is possible even without that if the timing and high quality of pass is good, and players are making the appropriate decisions, specifically when two-on-1.More than Beneath betting has grow to be extremely well-known in recent years. More than Under implies in sports betting whether a group or player will score more than or below a offered quantity of objectives or points. Even so, there are numerous other issues that also impact the performance of a group and its players. This betting tip is important simply because there are so many variables.Competition with Rugby League, Rugby Union and Soccer for players and spectators is continual, specially at the grassroots levels with underage and regional competitions. Geographically, Aussie Guidelines dominates the southern regions of Australia, and is developing into the northern centres where the rugby codes have traditionally held sway.
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Last modified 213 days ago (June 17, 2021)
Return to Peabody Gazette-Bulletin
Inmate sets off jail sprinker
Sheriff may seek charges, restitution
By MINDY KEPFIELD
Authorities are considering criminal damages after an inmate at the county jail threw a cup and hit fire sprinkler, setting it off.
Marion firefighters responded to a report of smoke coming from a cell, but there was no fire.
Marion sheriff Rob Craft said the trouble started in the jail’s general pod.
An inmate, whom he declined to name because charges are being considered, was “being unruly” when the cup was thrown and hit the sprinkler.
Inmates were moved to another area of the jail as the fire department tried to get the water shut off.
“It was up pretty high, and there was a lot of water flowing out of that sprinkler system,” Marion fire chief Chris Killough said, adding that he did not know how much water. “A little goes a long way.”
Firefighters considered shutting off the water to the building but were able to fix the problem.
“Everything was back and up and running after about an hour,” Killough said.
Craft said the water probably ran for 10 minutes. Only one sprinkler, not all the sprinklers at the jail, was damaged.
The building’s floors are concrete, so there was not much property damage, but the sprinkler head must be replaced.
“They are not cheap,” Craft said. “That is not easily done. It is a tall ceiling, so someone will need a tall ladder to work on that.”
The time firefighters, police, and county jail employees spent dealing with the watery mess will be hard to reimburse.
Possible restitution is being investigated but Craft said he was a realist.
“Just because you go after restitution doesn’t mean you will get anything,” he said.
Last modified June 17, 2021
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[Paleopsych] Jihad and the petri dish--Osama's reproductive strategy
Eshel Ben-Jacob eshel at tamar.tau.ac.il
Fri Jul 23 23:34:30 UTC 2004
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I agree with what you have wrote. I am convinced that if western society will continue
along the current approach it will stop to exist. What will happen then is not clear. You did not talk about China. It might become the next power and not the Islam.
Eshel
Eshel Ben Jacob E-mail: eshel at tamar.tau.ac.il
Professor of Physics Home Page: http://star.tau.ac.il/~eshel/
School of Physics and Astronomy
The Maguy-Glass Chair in Physics of Complex Systems
Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
President of the Israel Physical Society Visit the IPS on-line magazine
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Tel #’s Country (972) City (3) Home: (972-3) 644-8265
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From: HowlBloom at aol.com
To: paleopsych at paleopsych.org
Sent: Monday, July 19, 2004 12:15 AM
Subject: [Paleopsych] Jihad and the petri dish--Osama's reproductive strategy
Bear with me if I posted this before, but it's something I wrote up for paleopsych that I think was sent while our listserv was down. Howard
Has anyone noticed that the current World War between militant Islam and the Western Way of Life is actually something so basic even a bacterium could understand it? It's a battle of reproductive strategies. Specifically it's a battle of what population biologists call r and k strategies.
One definition of the r strategy is this. You're up against the threat of a swift and hungry predator. You mate with as many females as you can, keep them pregnant constantly, use them as serial baby incubators, and put very few resources into each child. Why? So you can have as many kids as possible. The gamble goes like this. The more kids I shove out there, the more are likely to survive.
The opposite strategy is k. One version of the k strategy (the let's-konserve strategy) is this. Have very few kids but put a huge investment into each one. This only works when you can be pretty sure each kid will survive.
Predators--like wild dogs and large cats--lions, tigers, cheetahs--top of the food-chain dominators--tend to use the k strategy. They don't have to face death at the hands of bigger enemies, but do have to teach their young an awful lot to turn them into good hunters. If an adolescent cheetah hasn't learned her hunting skills well enough to bring down one big kill out of every four she tries, she is dead.
Prey--like the mice, voles, and other rodents that even big cats and wild dogs hunt down as quick snacks--go for the r strategy. Breed like rabbits and hope that 4 out of every 12 pups survive. Cheetahs often have just two cubs at a time.
Right now we Westerners dominate the worldwide food chain. We've opted for k. But Osama bin Laden has declared openly that he's going for the r strategy. He's said that his form of Islam honors women. It keeps them off the street, out of public sight, out of careers that might distract their attention, and keeps them pregnant so they can have between seven and seventeen children each. Men in Osama's privileged position can also have four wives at a time. And they can add to that advantage by wife-trading. They can divorce one wife and bring in another, running through as many wives as Osama's dad did. Bin Laden senior, with his 54 children, had eleven wives.
We in the Western World, on the other hand, are having fewer kids than would be needed to replace our current population. What are we doing with those kids? We're investing in them hugely. These days we're doing far more than educating the hell out of them. We're also accessorizing them with ability-extenders--the equivalent of mega-arms, macro-legs, super-eyes, and tele-ears. We are giving them appendages it would have taken evolution 200 million years to develop...cell phones, digital cameras and videocams built into those phones, laptops, Google, instant access to the fastest-growing library in world history--the World Wide Web-- cars, cheap airline tickets, ubiquitous video displays, and the imagination-extenders of X-Boxes, Sony Play Stations, and Nintendo sets. We're turning our kids into digipedes--creatures with newly-invented cyber-senses and digi-limbs.
That's precisely why Osama says we will fall as victim's of our own blindness, obesity, and decay. "We love death more than you love life," he says. To paraphrase his communiqués to the Ummah of Islam, "We can afford to sacrifice as many as 250 million of our believers even if you strike us with your nuclear weapons. The blood of our martyrs will only strengthen the 1.75 million of us who remain."
You and I are very different, says Osama. You, he says, are cowards. You quiver when one of your soldiers is killed and his body is dragged through the streets of Somalia. You cringe when the warriors of holiness cut off a single head. You speak of exit strategies, Osama sneers, when a mere thousand of your soldiers have died in Iraq. Osama says he can whip us right left and center. Again, to paraphrase his speeches, "Our religion tells us to put ourselves into the battle and to kill and take the chance of being killed. We know that your corruption will do away with the brief wisp of putrescence you call a civilization. But our God has ordered that your destruction shall not be left to your rot. It shall not be left to your lack of manners and of decency. Our God has ordered that your sinews and bones be severed by the swords of our sons, by the fire and flame of our students-turned-to knights, and by the hellstorms delivered to you by our teenage heroes."
Osama inspires with the poetry of the r strategy, the poetry of a rodent reproductive passion. In his own words: "By Allah, it is either victory or martyrdom and only those whose life span has come to an end will be killed, so his family will miss him, only for his soul to be, as our Messenger (peace and mercy be upon him) said, to be in the bellies of green birds that roam freely in heaven as they please, then head towards lanterns suspended with the throne of the Most Compassionate. There is no comparison between the two vicinities, the vicinity of his family and the vicinity of his lord. So dear youth of Islam everywhere, especially those of the neighborhood, where the duty upon you is conclusive, dear Muslim youths in the Arabic peninsula, and in Egypt and greater Syria, dear youths of Rabia’a [an Iraqi poetess born in 717 ad] and Mudhr, dear grandsons of Salahuddine, dear knights of Mohammed the Conqueror, dear Fedayeen of Umm Al-Fida and Aleppo, and the lions of Muan and Al-Zarqa, and the brave of Azad, the heroes of Assir, Hashed, Madhaj and Bakil, let your supplies be continuous so that you may rescue the land of the two rivers."
Osama's betting on lots of kids. We're betting on few. Osama's betting on small investments in each body he sends into battle. Osama's betting that as one Egyptian contemporary of bin Laden's said way back in the early 1980s when al Qaeda was just beginning: "Islam is a tree that feeds on blood and grows on severed limbs."
Osama is betting on the strategy of homicidal plague bacteria-- Yersinia pestis --bacteria that bet on flagrant, fast reproduction--bacteria that put their chips on the r strategy. We are betting on the strategy of elephants--the k strategy. This is far more than what Osama says it is when he uses Samuel Huntington's words and declares that: "this struggle is a religious and a doctrinal one and that the clash is in fact a clash of civilizations." It is more than what Osama calls, "a rare opportunity…and a priceless one…to sharpen the faculties of the Ummah and to break its shackles, in order to storm forward towards the battlefields of Jihad." And it is more than Osama's "decisive war", the war he says has opened "a crossroads" in history.
It is a war between two ancient reproductive strategies in a new environment, a global, cyber-niche.. But primitive as it is, it is also a war between two different views of darkness and of light. I choose to believe that the light is that of the Western religion of human rights, women's rights, gay rights, democracy, free speech, secularism, and science. Osama believes the light lies in the purity of a seventh century vision that muzzles minds and tears the tongues from the mouths of blasphemers.
In the end this is a fight to see:
v whether humanity can continue its technological, philosophical, and artistic-mindleaps and soul-expansions
v or whether our race cowers beneath clouds of nuclear soot and the veils of burqas and trudges back to what it experienced from 550 ad to 1100 AD--a Mad-Max dark ages.
It is a war to see which reproductive strategy can grab the new cyber-global niche--this new wireless planet. It is a war to see which strategy can mobilize speed, conviction, whacko-cleverness, extremely long-term thinking, and implacable, adamantine persistence.
Does either of our presidential candidates, Bush or Kerry, have a clear vision of just how desperate and critical this war of two colonies of organisms in the petri dish of our planet is? Does either have the persuasive and poetic capacity to turn a nation of couch potatoes and self-hating critics into a nation of secular humanist saviors...saviors of the fast-track experiment in the reinvention of mass mind, of personal passion, and of human powers that we call our civilization?
Howard Bloom
Author of The Lucifer Principle: A Scientific Expedition Into the Forces of History and Global Brain: The Evolution of Mass Mind From The Big Bang to the 21st Century
Visiting Scholar-Graduate Psychology Department, New York University; Faculty Member, The Graduate Institute
www.howardbloom.net
www.bigbangtango.net
Founder: International Paleopsychology Project; founding board member: Epic of Evolution Society; founding board member, The Darwin Project; founder: The Big Bang Tango Media Lab; member: New York Academy of Sciences, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Psychological Society, Academy of Political Science, Human Behavior and Evolution Society, International Society for Human Ethology; advisory board member: Youthactivism.org; executive editor -- New Paradigm book series.
For information on The International Paleopsychology Project, see: www.paleopsych.org
for two chapters from
The Lucifer Principle: A Scientific Expedition Into the Forces of History, see www.howardbloom.net/lucifer
For information on Global Brain: The Evolution of Mass Mind from the Big Bang to the 21st Century, see www.howardbloom.net
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Trump's Abortion Policy Isn't About Morality - It's Coercion - Rolling Stone (2)
The World's First Feminist? (0)
‘Politically Correct’ NY Times Hides Horror of Female Genital Mutilation
By Birth Control Works
Crime • 5/29/17 9:40:06 am • Views: 2,083
But it has spread to Europe and other parts of the world too. The European Commission estimates that hundreds of thousands of women living in Europe have been subjected to FGM and thousands more are at risk.
The Center for Disease Control published a report in 2016 estimating that 513,000 women and girls in the United States were at risk of or may have been subjected to FGM in 2012. This represents approximately a threefold increase from its prior estimate of 168,000, which was based on 1990 data. The increase is attributed to a sharp rise in immigration from countries where FGM is practiced.
The estimate probably is too low. It does not include countries where FGM is practiced but for which there is no FGM information. It does not include FGM data regarding undocumented immigrants either. No one knows how many undocumented immigrants came from countries where FGM is practiced.
More: ‘Politically correct’ NY Times hides horror of female genital mutilation
Europe European Commission Female Genital Mutilation Female Genital Mutilation In The Feminism Gender Midwifery NY Times Politically Correct Prevalence Of Female Genital Mut Girl United States Violence Women's Health Women's Rights Misogyny Misogynoir Waronwomen Religion Fundamentalism
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The Nationalist's Delusion Sorry Grumpy Cat, Study Finds Dogs Are Brainier Than Cats - Neuroscience News Republican Apostate Congressman Tells Black Anti-Abortion Rights Activist 'You're Ignorant' How Many American Women Die From Causes Related To... -- ProPublica
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3 March, 2013, 11:48 pm
Litigating Against Abusive Mortgagees. Your Columnist Scores Big Win Against Mortgagee Who Filed Frivolous Motion
Posted on Monday (September 8, 2008) at 8:48 pm to Chapter 13 Bankruptcy
Written by Craig D. Robins, Esq.
A review of United States bankruptcy litigation during the past year shows an incredible increase in the number of proceedings brought against mortgagees and their attorneys who initiated frivolous proceedings, filed incorrect documents, or sought unreasonable attorneys fees. In my April 2008 column in the Suffolk Lawyer, I discussed efforts of the United States Trustee to pursue mortgage companies and their counsel who engaged in such improper conduct.
Since then, there have been even more highly publicized cases, especially involving the poster-child of bad-boy bankruptcy practices, Countrywide Mortgage Company. Not only has the U.S. Trustee brought suit against Countrywide in a host of cases around the country, but a number of State Attorneys General have sued them as well for deceptive practices.
Why Mortgagee Litigation is on the Rise. I previously wrote that in the past, if a mortgage company violated the rules — by bringing a frivolous motion to lift the stay or filing an incorrect proof of claim – then invariably the worst punishment it would receive would be little more than a slap on the wrist – a token sanction in a nominal amount.
In the past year, with increased attention towards mortgage companies engaging in sloppy bankruptcy practices, the Office of the U.S. Trustee said, “enough is enough.” In doing so, the U.S. Trustee developed a new policy to police and punish those mortgage companies and their attorneys who flout their obligations to follow the rules.
In addition, since such conduct can be considered “bankruptcy abuse,” the Courts have been more open-minded towards sanctioning abuse, especially considering that the official name of the 2005 Bankruptcy Amendment Act is “the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act” (often referred to as “BAPCPA”).
In the Past, Mortgagees Were Not Deterred by Sanctions. In prior years, if a mortgagee engaged in frivolous litigation or filed an erroneous proof of claim, debtors’ bankruptcy counsel, including myself, would be hesitant to litigate for several reasons.
First, the debtor rarely had sufficient funds to cover the cost of doing so. Second, the Courts seemed reluctant to sanction the mortgagee sufficiently to cover the attorney’s billable time. Finally, on the rare occasions when mortgagees were sanctioned, the amounts were often so low, that the mortgagees chalked up the sanctions as a small cost of doing business, and were not deterred at all from improper future practices. For these reasons, the most common approach was to work out a non-litigious disposition that did not necessarily result in the fairest outcome to the debtor.
A Perfect Example of Mortgagee Abuse Falls in My Lap. In 2004, I filed a routine Chapter 13 proceeding for my client, Walter C. Schmidt (04-87110-dem). His Chapter 13 plan was confirmed, and for years, the debtor made regular and timely payments to the trustee and mortgagee. Schmidt was a great client – always personable, responsible and cooperative. He is also a paraplegic and confined to a wheelchair, having been catastrophically disabled with multiple sclerosis from Agent Orange exposure after serving our country in Vietnam.
In December 2007, more than three years after the petition was filed, the debtor’s mortgagee, Bayview Financial, brought a typical motion to lift the stay. They argued that the debtor neglected to pay his real estate taxes which had come due two months earlier, and for this reason, the stay should be vacated. This was quite a surprise because it was the mortgagee, not the debtor, who was obligated to pay the real estate taxes.
The debtor had the same mortgage for over twenty years and every single payment to the mortgagee included an escrow component for the purpose of the mortgagee paying the real estate taxes. Since it was the mortgagee’s obligation to pay the real estate taxes, their position in the motion to lift the stay was totally erroneous and therefore frivolous and abusive. For some reason, the mortgagee made an unbelievably sloppy mistake.
It thus seemed that not only did the debtor have a perfect defense to the motion to lift the stay, but he also had a great case for bringing a cross-motion seeking sanctions for bringing a frivolous motion. Whereas in the past I would have been hesitant to vigorously pursue sanctions, I thought the time was now ripe to do so.
The Mortgagee was Guilty of Violating Other Statutes. Upon reviewing the situation further with the debtor, I learned that the mortgagee often paid the real estate taxes late, resulting in penalties, and that there was one period that the mortgagee neglected to pay the real estate tax altogether. I then spent even more time pouring through the debtor’s documents and inquiring about the debtor’s history with the mortgagee.
I learned that the mortgagee had failed to provide debtor with post-petition annual escrow disclosure statements. Apparently, the last time the debtor received an annual escrow disclosure statement was in November 2004. This violated federal law.
The Real Estate Settlement and Procedures Act of 1974 (“RESPA”) is a federal consumer protection statute that, among other things, requires mortgage servicers who collect escrow to conduct an escrow account analysis each year to determine the borrower’s monthly escrow account payments for the next year. Upon completing an escrow account analysis, the servicer must provide an annual escrow account disclosure statement to the borrower.
For each and every year from 2005 to the present, the lender failed to adhere to its federally-mandated obligation to provide the debtor with the annual escrow account disclosure statement. There is no exception that gives mortgage servicers a vacation from this requirement while the borrower is in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy proceeding.
RESPA provides that a servicer’s failure to provide the borrower with the annual escrow account disclosure statement is a violation of the statute. RESPA also gives individuals a private right of action against mortgagees who violate such provisions.
I Sought Sanctions Against the Mortgagee. I spent a significant amount of time researching and drafting a reply to the motion, which incorporated a cross-motion for sanctions.
I argued that the mortgagee engaged in egregious conduct which was abusive under BAPCPA, filed a frivolous motion, sometimes failed to pay the debtor’s real estate taxes, often paid the taxes late which resulted in penalties and late fees, and violated RESPA statutes for failing to provide the debtor with annual escrow account disclosure statements. As with any application for sanctions, I also sought costs and attorney’s fees as well.
The Mortgagee Quickly Withdraws Motion to Lift Stay. Shortly after serving the cross-motion for sanctions, counsel for the mortgagee conceded that the mortgagee had made an egregious mistake, and blamed it on the mortgagee’s prior bankruptcy counsel. Soon, the motion to lift the stay was deemed withdrawn, just leaving my cross-motion for sanctions.
Settlement Discussions Ensue. We discussed settling the matter, but I insisted that the mortgage first provide me with a full accounting. We also bantered about the sum of $10,000 as a possible settlement that the mortgagee would pay to the debtor.
The Mortgagee Makes Its Situation Worse. After weeks turned into months, the mortgagee still had not provided me with the promised accounting. I admonished the mortgagee’s attorneys that my pending motion did not excuse the mortgagee’s pre-existing obligation to provide the accounting.
The mortgagee was compounding the severity of its malfeasance by not providing the accounting. This was incomprehensible as the mortgagee was a multi-national finance company that had $12 billion in assets and employed more than 2,000 people.
I argued with counsel that the mortgagee’s failure to provide the accounting over a period of many weeks could only lead a reasonable individual to conclude that there were serious problems with the mortgagee’s finances and accounts. I advised counsel that any possible prior understanding concerning a settlement amount was withdrawn.
It took several more weeks to obtain the accounting, which the mortgagee apparently had to do by hand. The accounting revealed that the debtor’s real estate taxes increased each year during the post-petition period, but since the mortgagee never bothered to conduct an annual escrow accounting, it never bothered to advise the debtor that his escrow account had become extremely overdrawn – to the tune of $9,000. Imagine a debtor coming out of a Chapter 13 proceeding, only to learn that he owes the mortgagee $9,000 to bring the escrow account current!
The Mortgagee Agrees to Pay Debtor $32,000 in Sanctions – A Record. The mortgagee was now faced with a most-embarrassing situation where, if we went forward with my cross-motion, it would certainly be sanctioned, the only issue being how much. In addition, as sloppy mortgagee bankruptcy practices had become somewhat newsworthy as a result of Countrywide’s problems, this mortgagee now faced potential negative publicity on a national level.
We then hammered out a settlement which resulted in a $32,000+ package for the debtor. This included giving the debtor a $10,000 cash payment, reducing the proof of claim by about $12,000, waiving escrow arrears in the approximate sum of $9,000, and accepting slightly-reduced mortgage payments for a period of time, worth a minimum of $1,700. The settlement was so-ordered by the Court in July.
I was very pleased with the resolution and felt that I had truly achieved justice for my client. I believe that this was the highest award or settlement ever for mortgagee abuse in a consumer case in the Central Islip Bankruptcy Court.
Practice Tip. The purpose of BAPCPA is to protect the integrity of the bankruptcy system and that requires taking action against creditors and mortgage servicing companies who carelessly and sloppily file incorrect documents or frivolous proceedings.
Under BAPCPA, all parties, including creditors, are held to a higher standard to provide accurate information to the Court. As bankruptcy courts are now recognizing this, you should consider being much more aggressive in pursuing abusive creditors.
About the Author. Long Island Bankruptcy Attorney Craig D. Robins, Esq., is a regular columnist for the Suffolk Lawyer, the official publication of the Suffolk County Bar Association in New York. This article appeared in the September 2008 issue of the Suffolk Lawyer. Mr. Robins is a bankruptcy lawyer who has represented thousands of consumer and business clients during the past twenty years. He has offices in Medford, Commack, Woodbury and Valley Stream. (516) 496-0800. For information about filing bankruptcy on Long Island, please visit his Bankruptcy web site: http://www.BankruptcyCanHelp.com.
Craig D. Robins, Esq. is a Long Island bankruptcy lawyer, who is focused primarily on helping individuals and families, find solutions to their debt problems. Read more »
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