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The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: ArrowInvalid
Message: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 13
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 145, in _generate_tables
dataset = json.load(f)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/json/__init__.py", line 293, in load
return loads(fp.read(),
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/json/__init__.py", line 346, in loads
return _default_decoder.decode(s)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/json/decoder.py", line 340, in decode
raise JSONDecodeError("Extra data", s, end)
json.decoder.JSONDecodeError: Extra data: line 2 column 1 (char 2663)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1995, in _prepare_split_single
for _, table in generator:
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 148, in _generate_tables
raise e
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 122, in _generate_tables
pa_table = paj.read_json(
File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 308, in pyarrow._json.read_json
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 154, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 91, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 13
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1529, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1154, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1027, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1122, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1882, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2038, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
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float64 | text
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� The Cuckshed: Let's Take Reparations Seriously | Main | April Dumb Ryan Spazzes Out -- Again -- and Says That Mike Huckabee Is Going to Hell Because He Disrespected Her �
Trump Orders Crackdown on Visa Overstays
Can't wait to hear the Democrats' objection to this.
When you talk about the wall, they say "But more people are here illegally due to visa overstays!"
Implying that they really want to crack own on visa overstays.
Spoiler alert: they don't, and they'll begin complaining about this in about five minutes.
President Trump on Monday directed his administration to find ways to limit the number of foreigners who overstay short-term visas amid a broad push to curb immigration.
In a presidential memorandum, Trump ordered the State Department to work with governments of countries with total overstay rates of more than 10 percent in order to reduce the number.
Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, in consultation with the Department of Justice and Department of Homeland Security (DHS), is required to submit a report within three months that recommends policies that would slash the number of people who stay in the U.S. after their visas expire. DHS is expected to hand in its own recommendations a month after that.
One possible manner of achieving this? Getting foreign countries to help out with their own visa overstaying citizens, or else visas to that country will be slashed.
The Trump administration is considering suspending or limiting entry to the U.S. for individuals from countries with high rates of short-term visa overstays � a proposal vaguely reminiscent of the controversial travel bans President Donald Trump pursued during his first year in office.
Right, because it's racist to discriminate against... countries whose racial make-up is unknown but which are known, through records-keeping, to have a high number of overstays.
Everything leftists don't like is racist.
And it says the administration is considering developing "admission bonds" -- people entering the country would pay a fee that would be reimbursed when they leave -- in an effort to improve compliance.
I don't expect that to go anywhere -- people who want to merely visit will be put off by having to put up a big amount of money just to come here, and people planning to illegally immigrate here will forfeit most sums for the opportunity.
We can't make the amount of the bond big enough to discourage illegal migrants while keeping it reasonable enough to allow in tourists to Miami.
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US Sec. Of State: "Religious Freedom Personal Issue To Me"
Sec. of State Mike Pompeo has convened the first ever worldwide conference on freedom of religion in Washington DC this week.
Contrast that to Sec. of State Hillary Clinton traveling the world using the power of her office to advance the abortion agenda.
In both cases, it was "personal."
Elections matter.
Secretary of State Mike Pompeo is hosting the first ever worldwide conference on religious freedom in Washington this week.
It begins today, the 24th, through Thursday the 26th.
Two very different worldviews.
Pompeo says, "The advancement of religious freedom matters to every individual in every country. The human dignity, the human right attached to religious freedom I feel personally, and I know President Trump does as well."
About 80 high-level government officials from around the world are in attendance.
Pompeo says, "Not every country will achieve the level of religious freedom that we have here in the United States. But we think we can advance it all across the world by bringing folks together of all faiths, and frankly, those who have no faith, but their capacity to practice religion in the way they choose is important for the world."
No world leader has ever done anything like this before---not even the United States.
Pompeo says: "Look, it's very consistent with what the Trump administration is trying to achieve with respect to religious freedom, but it also fits my worldview. I'm an evangelical Christian."
While Pompeo recognizes that not everyone shares his biblical faith and worldview, he says, "It's important not only to Christians but to people of all faiths."
Compare this to the striking contrast of Sec. of State Hillary Clinton. She traveled the world seizing every opportunity to advance her personal belief in abortion on demand.
One example---of many---was the "Women Deliver" conference in Malaysia in 2013.
With Bill and Melinda Gates, then president of Planned Parenthood Cecile Richards, and others including big pharma companies that sell billions of dollars of birth control pills and devices every year around the world in addition to the must-have tools for abortions. Then-Secretary of State Hillary Clinton made a video appearance bestowing her blessing upon the event and the 4000 in attendance. Cheerleading the attendees to advance the cause of birth control and abortion around the world, so as to create a better place for billions of people.
Population Research Institute was there to report.
PRI said in addition to Bill and Melinda Gates and MS. Richards with Planned Parenthood, "Other champions of abortion on the speaker line-up included notorious American late-term partial birth abortionist Leroy Carhart, who was billed by 'Women Deliver' as a 'human rights defender', and Princeton bioethics professor Peter Singer whose 'practical ethics' include infanticide and bestiality."
Mrs. Gates celebrated the fact that over the past year she had raised $2.6 billion to help bring contraceptives to the world.
Harshad Sanghvi, whose organization trains "illiterate community workers" to identify pregnant women in developing nations in Africa and Asia and distribute abortion pills to them, was also a featured speaker.
Elections really do have consequences.
The National Religious Broadcasters sent a letter to Sec. Pompeo yesterday commending him for the "powerful message the Trump administration is making in holding a historic powerful conference of this nature."
Dr. Jerry A. Johnson, president of the NRB, said in the letter, "I am particularly grateful that you have chosen America's first freedom---religious freedom---to be the focus of your first formal ministerial."
Johnson said, "Religious liberty is a source of strength and stability for societies, and the focus that President Donald Trump and his administration have placed on this core principle sends a powerful message within our nation and to governments abroad. Indeed, this emphasis is needed now more than ever as affronts to freedom and human dignity grow more severe in many places around the globe."
Johnson also noted that NRB members reach a cumulative weekly, worldwide audience of 60 million. He said we "know first hand the struggles" for religious freedom.
In commending the leadership of Mike Pompeo and the Trump appointed Sam Brownback, former Senator and also deeply committed evangelical Christian, Johnson pledged NRB is committed to the amplification of this critical message through our member's ministries."
Then added, "You will not be alone."
Saying he is praying for open hearts and consequential conversations, Johnson says, "May the Lord bless your Ministerial to Advance Religious Freedom."
And then this: "I firmly believe the Lord has placed you and Ambassador Brownback in your positions for just this time in American history."
Tens of millions of Americans agree. And so do I.
Be Informed. Be Blessed. Be Prayerful. Be Thankful.
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| 0.345254
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Nautilus is the common name of marine creatures of cephalopod
A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda . These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles modified from the primitive molluscan foot...
family Nautilidae, the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae
Nautilaceae
The Nautilaceae is one of five superfamilies that make up the Nautilida according to Bernard Kummel , and the only one that survived past the Triassic. The Nautilaceae comprise six families: Nautilidae, Paracenoceratidae, Pseudonautilidae, Cymatoceratidae, Hercoglossidae, and Aturiidae...
and of its smaller but near equal suborder, Nautilina
The Nautilina is the last suborder of the Nautilida and the only nautiloids living since the end of the Triassic. The Nautilina, proposed by Shimanskiy, is basically the Nautilaceae of Kummel, 1964, defined by Furnish and Glenister, but differs in omitting two families, the Paracenoceratidae and...
. It comprises six living species in two genera, the type
Type genus
In biological classification, a type genus is a representative genus, as with regard to a biological family. The term and concept is used much more often and much more formally in zoology than it is in botany, and the definition is dependent on the nomenclatural Code that applies:* In zoological...
of which is the genus Nautilus
Nautilus (genus)
Nautilus is a genus of cephalopods in the family Nautilidae. Species in this genus differ significantly in terms of morphology from those placed in the sister taxon Allonautilus. The oldest fossils of the genus are known from the Late Eocene Hoko River Formation, in Washington State and from...
. Though it more specifically refers to species Nautilus pompilius, the name chambered nautilus
The Chambered Nautilus, Nautilus pompilius, is the best-known species of nautilus. The shell, when cut away reveals a lining of lustrous nacre and displays a nearly perfect equiangular spiral, although it is not a golden spiral. The shell exhibits countershading, being light on the bottom and dark...
is also used for any species of the Nautilidae.
Nautilidae, both extant and extinct, are characterized by involute
Involute
In the differential geometry of curves, an involute is a curve obtained from another given curve by attaching an imaginary taut string to the given curve and tracing its free end as it is wound onto that given curve; or in reverse, unwound. It is a roulette wherein the rolling curve is a straight...
or slightly evolute
Evolute
In the differential geometry of curves, the evolute of a curve is the locus of all its centers of curvature. Equivalently, it is the envelope of the normals to a curve....
shells that are generally smooth, with compressed or depressed whorl sections, straight to sinuous sutures, and a tubular, generally central siphuncle.
What ocean does it live in?
How long does it take for the Nautilus to build/create a new camarae?
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| 0.844257
| 0.844257
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NewsHealth
Gene that causes sudden death in youngsters identified
The gene, called CDH2, causes arrhythmogenic right ventricle cardiomyopathy (ARVC), which is a genetic disorder that predisposes patients to cardiac arrest and is a major cause of unexpected death in seemingly healthy young people.
Written By Zee Media Bureau|Last Updated: Mar 10, 2017, 03:40 PM IST|Source: Bureau
New Delhi: A new research has enabled researchers identify a new gene that leads to sudsen death among young people.
The gene, called CDH2, causes arrhythmogenic right ventricle cardiomyopathy (ARVC), which is a genetic disorder that predisposes patients to cardiac arrest and is a major cause of unexpected death in seemingly healthy young people, said the study published in the journal Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics.
"This is important news for families who have had a young family member suffer a sudden cardiac death, for them to know a genetic cause has been identified," said Guillaume Pare, Associate Professor at Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
A team of investigators led by Pare, performed the genetic sequencing, as well as the bioinformatics analysis for the study.
"Our team was happy to contribute to the finding that a mutation in CDH2 is the underlying culprit in a portion of these patients. This will pave the way for preventative interventions and genetic counselling," Pare said.
The discovery is the result of international collaboration that began 15 years ago, the researchers said.
The study was led by a South African team headed by Bongani Mayosi,Professor at University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, along with researchers of the Italian Auxologico Institute of Milan and the University of Pavia.
The researchers said identifying the gene is important because it helps to clarify the genetic mechanisms underlying ARVC, and it also makes the early detection of ARVC possible in otherwise unsuspecting people.
(With Agency inputs)
GeneSudden deathdeathYoungstershealth news
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The Iranian Regime Is on Borrowed Time. We Must Not Give It a Lifeline. | Opinion
Published on: 2022-10-10
Mora Namdar , Attorney and former acting assistant secretary of state for consular affairs
On 10/6/22 at 6:30 AM EDT
To those who have studied U.S. national security, human rights, and Iran, the question has always been “when” and not “if” the Islamic theocracy in Iran would meet its end. The death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini, who was brutally beaten by Iran’s morality police until she ultimately died for improperly wearing her hijab, is widely seen as a breaking point for the kleptocratic regime. Massive roiling protests in every province of Iran, with global solidarity protests in major cities all across the world, have captured global attention. The Islamic theocracy that has plagued Iran since 1979 is partially a result of the failed foreign policy of the Carter administration, and also partially a result of the enrichment by the failed Obama nuclear deal known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
So what should the United States do now? Five important steps should be taken immediately.
1. The United States should immediately impose sweeping sanctions on Iranian regime officials and affiliated organizations who have committed or are complicit in the human rights atrocities being unleashed on the Iranian people. Much like the sanctions placed on South Africa to end apartheid, the U.S. must place smart sanctions on strategic targets to help end the Iranian regime’s religious and gender apartheid. While the Trump administration imposed strict sanctions on the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, the Biden administration has flirted with removing these sanctions and has been slow to implement new ones. This is a mistake, and the Biden administration should utilize sanctions effectively.
2. Iranian diplomats in the United States should immediately be expelled. Much like Russian diplomats who were expelled from numerous countries in the aftermath of the invasion of Ukraine, there is ample precedent for this. While Iran does not have a formal embassy in the United States, they have a de facto one in the form of an “interest section” in Washington, D.C., sponsored by Pakistan. This should be shuttered immediately, and all Iranian regime agents must be sent home to answer to the demands of their own people—rather than live comfortably in the very Western countries they demonize.
A woman holds a sign reading “Life, Woman, Freedom” during a demonstration in support of Iranian women on October 4, 2022 in Barcelona following the death of Kurdish Iranian woman Mahsa Amini in Iran.
3. The United States must cease negotiations with the Iranian regime on reviving the JCPOA. The negotiations are nothing but a farce for the Islamic theocracy to buy time on its path to nuclear weapons capability. Thus far, the present discussions in Vienna, which have been moderated by Russia, have no chance of achieving their stated goals. Russia and China have aligned themselves with Iran against United States interests on this matter. The current negotiations are erroneously promoted as a “return to mutual compliance” of the failed Obama-era JCPOA, which handed the mullahs pallets of cash and sanctions relief. But that money did not moderate the regime; it only facilitated and exacerbated its malign behavior. Furthermore, Congress passed a law in 2015 that mandated any new Iran deal be statutorily approved by Congress, but President Biden shows no interest in abiding by that. The United States should lead from a position of strength and cease negotiations with a regime that is premised on the notion of “death to America.”
4. The United States should step up at the United Nations and call the regime’s current atrocity committed against its own people what it is: genocide. Under the definition of the UN Genocide Convention, genocide is “a crime committed with the intent to destroy a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group, in whole or in part.” The Iranian regime has been systematically killing people who are politically, religiously, and ideologically opposed to its rule. The Iranian Constitution is riddled with empty words promising freedom of the press, freedom to assemble, and freedom of religion, while in practice the regime systemically targets, tortures, kills, rapes, and abuses anyone who dares oppose its Islamist ideology. Religious minorities in Iran, including Jews, Christians, and Baha’is, are brutally suppressed and/or killed. Women are treated as second-class citizens with no right to uncover their hair, travel without male guardian permission, sing, or even attend sporting events. The mullahs’ crimes against humanity should be called out for what they are.
5. The United States must voice strong support for the human rights aspirations of the Iranian people and acknowledge that the leadership of this organic protest movement is not in the streets of Potomac, Paris, or Central Park, but rather in the streets of Iran. This human rights movement is fully formed from within Iran, and any future leaders that emerge will be selected by the Iranian people themselves. The United States must not allow the false propaganda of the Iranian regime to paint this movement as a revolution fomented by the U.S. That is a noxious lie that has been repeated every time the regime is brought to heel by protests, whether in the 1999 student protests, the 2009 Green Movement, or the November 2019 protests. If we are to correct the foreign policy failures of the past, the U.S. must reject false propaganda, support the aspirations of the Iranian people for a secular democracy, and openly acknowledge that a non-violent referendum, which would allow the Iranian people to choose their own leadership, is the right path forward.
Newsweek subscription offers >
It is abundantly clear that the United States and the Iranian people’s interests are aligned against the Islamist regime occupying Iran. The policy of “maximum pressure” coupled with maximum support for the Iranian people represents the only path that will secure the long-term interests of U.S. national security, the Iranian people’s basic human rights, and international peace and stability.
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Rijeka Communiqué
Conference booklet
Call for papers & posters
Croatian EU Council presidency conference
The role of cultural heritage in socio-economic development and preservation of democratic values
Organised by University of Rijeka
Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Croatia and the European Commission as part of the Croatian Presidency of the Council of the European Union
The overall mission of the HERItage conference is to strongly (re)affirm the role of SSH indeveloping a knowledge-based learning society in Europe,as well as in building regional innovation ecosystemsthat rely primarily on innovation in education and research, culture and social welfare. R&I in SSH should remain a civilian programmethat maximises the societal benefits ae well as the quality of living and the working conditions. We strongly believe that such a mission will increase the societal acceptance and relevance of the R&I activities pursued under Horizon Europe.
Promote the significance of a broad cross- multi- inter-disciplinary and collaborative approach in SSHthat contributes to the sustainable development and smart growth, facilitates civic welfare and empowerment, and protects the environment.
Create a framework for reflecting upon contemporary challenges and opportunities for SSH, with the aim of minimizing the differences across the EU and closing the R&I divide in SSHacross the member states by promoting excellence via open and aligned EU policies for higher education, research and innovation
Renew research and education in SSH using a clearly defined ‘European university’ label that would reward those institutions that actively and successfully promote open science, open innovation and openness to the world, which attract students and researchers from around the world, and which promote intercultural ways of academic life and democratic values.
The overall mission of the HERItage international conference is to explore a priority setting agenda on European research and innovation (R&I) related to cultural heritage, which will contribute to regional innovation ecosystems that rely on education, scientific and technological research, and culture. Such a mission may further help defining the overall framework and the societal acceptance of the R&I agenda pursued under Horizon Europe.
The main objective of the conference is to promote a debate with policymakers and stakeholders on the impact of cultural heritage in socio-economic development, the preservation of democratic values, sustainability and future jobs.
The conference will gather participants from all around Europe from academia, governmental organizations, industry, SMEs and users of research results. Also, policymakers, local authorities, artists and a broad range of actors revolving around the City of Rijeka‘s role as the 2020 European Capital of Culture activities are to be involved in the conference.
The aim is to present research results and develop substantial discussions on the topics of Cultural Heritage and the future of research and development in SSH in a rapidly changing world characterised by digitization, mobility, brain circulation, inequalities and technological advancement, and their repercussions.
The conference will respond to one of the global challenges for Horizon Europe programme Cluster 2 Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Society, Promoting Cultural Heritage. It will open a window to discussion on the pan-European cultural heritage initiatives and R&I partnerships in cultural heritage, relying on the synergistic and collaborative efforts of the Joint Programming Initiative Cultural Heritage and Global Change and its perspective ties to digitisation and computing facilities via the Time Machine H2020 FET flagship.
The conference will support and promote the thorough development of Open Science in European research area.
*Note: The working language of the conference is English.
The conference is based on three thematic SSH pillars and two cross-cutting comprehensive pillars that reflect the SSH policies and cooperation with governments, the civil society and business, as follows:
The role of universities in promoting and preserving cultural heritage: education, research and social responsibility
the role of cultural heritage in the European education systems with special emphasis on cultural diversity and problems of identities in creating cultural policies (complexities of the relationships between Europeanness and diversity, relations between local and national regarding social development, social cohesion, inclusiveness and participation);
universities in a dynamic construction of communicating spaces of culture, research and education with museums, archaeological sites, galleries, libraries and other institutions;
the role of cultural production and art in confronting the growing inequality and exclusion in the globalized world;
European cultural heritage networks and sectors: strategies, methodologies, use of standards and quality control in conservation, preservation and promotion of cultural heritage;
diverse forms of university-community partnerships and engagement;
challenges, institutional models and good practices of open science and open innovation;
non-autochthons heritage: minority enlightenment(s) and regional cosmopolitanism(s) as prospect for a non-state-bound protection of rights;
the novel and engaging participatory approaches to sustainability: fostering the place of heritage in the sustainable development;
multi- and pluri-lingual identities and the ethic of translation in Europe: minority languages as part of the European cultural heritage and identity.
The role of scientific research in strengthening the preservation of industrial heritage
intersectional and interdisciplinary research of industrial heritage – quests and problems;
constructing networks and platforms with institutions and professionals – the collaborative role of universities in interpreting and valorising industrial heritage;
enhancing security and quality measures in protecting industrial heritage;
industrial heritage as an intangible economic resource in promoting local/national development;
cultural and industrial heritage in stimulating sustainable tourism;
quality of working and living conditions from the perspective of industrial revolution 4.0;
social innovation in form of urban reinventions and smart cities and new roles of cities in the international political and economic landscapes.
Challenges and opportunities of digital transformations: the role of digital tools in preserving and developing cultural heritage
digital transformation in the study of cultural heritage: digital preservation and transmission of cultural heritage by handling large datasets on shared scientific infrastructure – challenges and opportunities for a more connected Europe;
digitization of cultural heritage: new methodologies, models and training in facilitating access to cultural heritage;
the problems of preservation of digital material;
legal matters – use and abuse of digital data;
ethical, political, and economic benefits and challenges of artificial intelligence;
introducing digital humanities in educational systems;
the problem of inequality and imbalances regarding research and usage of new technologies in studying and promoting cultural heritage;
cultural heritage and creative industries – new technologies for future jobs.
Two cross-cutting issues
1) Public policies: cultural heritage and democratic values
2) Cooperation and innovation: cultural heritage and social transformation
we invite papers focused on (but not limited to) the following questions focused on cultural heritage:
How to improve the framework conditions for international cooperation in research and innovation (R&I) related to cultural heritage?
How to improve the knowledge alliances and partnerships between business and higher education?
How to improve research as co-creation between the researcher and the community?
How university rankings and the number of doctoral students can improve the innovation capabilities?
How to develop the policy of retaining and attracting international talents?
Is there room for improving the state-aid framework for R&I?
How to increase the financing of R&I on cultural heritage activities from private sources?
Is there a need to engage EU structural funds devoted to R&I?
How to successfully promote the design and creative industries?
Étienne Balibar
Professor Emeritus of moral and political philosophy at Université de Paris X – Nanterre and Professor Emeritus of Humanities at the University of California, Irvine; Anniversary Chair Professor at the Centre for Research in Modern European Philosophy (CRMEP) at Kingston University and a Visiting Professor at the Department of French and Romance Philology at Columbia University.
Danica Kragić Jansfelt
Professor at the School of Computer Science and Communication at the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH. She received MSc in Mechanical Engineering from the Technical University of Rijeka, Croatia in 1995 and PhD in Computer Science from KTH in 2001. She has been a visiting researcher at Columbia University, Johns Hopkins University and INRIA Rennes. She is the Director of the Centre for Autonomous Systems. Danica received the 2007 IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Early Academic Career Award. She is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences and Young Academy of Sweden.
Carlo Blasi
Professor Blasi is currently working for the Studio Comes that is specialized in architectural and structural planning and site management in construction’s fields, restoration and consolidation of monumental buildings. He previously worked as a professor of Architectural Restoration at the University of Parma and a lecturer at the Faculty of Architecture and Engineering of Florence and the polytechnics of Parma and Bari. Some of his largest projects include the reconstruction of the Mostar Bridge in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the restructuring of the Pantheon in Paris. He is also part of the team of experts who are working on the reconstruction of the Notre Dame church in Paris.
Opening of the web interface for paper and poster submissions
Submission deadline for papers and posters
Deadline for the registration of participants
Pre-conference PhD workshop (CANCELLED)
The HERItage conference (ZOOM)
A workshop for PhD students and young researchers „H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions workshop for young researchers in cultural heritage“ will be held before the start of the conference. You can read more about the workshop here.
Keep in mind that online registration is necessary for participation in any part of the conference programme!
The University of Rijeka is committed to preserving the environment which includes cutting down on unnecessary paper and plastics with engaging in new technologies and re-using materials. This will ultimately lead to better understating of what a clear and green future will look like.
In accordance with that, the HERItage conference will be a nearly paper-free event with no printing of the conference booklet and book of abstracts. Both will be available online and through easily accessible QR codes. The materials that will be in printed format, such as the final conference program, will be made from recycled paper.
Moreover, no plastic bottles and plastic cups will be used during the conference . You can also do your part as we wish to recycle the conference accreditations. Please remember to leave your accreditation at the Info desk before leaving the conference. In this way, we want to show that the issue of a sustainable and environmentally friendly society is something we deeply care about.
Data protection:
Registration for the paper, video or poster application:
Author’s personal information/personal data (name and surname, institution, CV) and a photo, will be presented in a conference booklet which will be published at the conference webpage.
Author’s personal information/personal data (name and surname, institution, email address) together with the paper/video/poster information/abstract will be presented in the conference proceedings and published online.
Aiming at public dissemination the conference will be photographed and web streamed. Some third parties, such as journalists, might transfer the information on the conference together with the photographs and/or video of the conference to public.
Conference and Workshop participants:
Aiming at public dissemination, some conference activities will be photographed and web-streamed. Some third parties, such as journalists, might transfer the information on the conference together with the photographs and/or video of the conference to public.
This website reflects only the author’s view and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. © 2020 University of Rijeka. All Rights Reserved.
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GeoVax to Participate in Maxim Group's 2022 Virtual Growth Conference
March 16, 2022 at 09:00 AM EDT
· Chairman & CEO David Dodd to Present Corporate Update
· CSO Mark Newman, PhD to Participate in Fireside Chatwith Maxim Analyst Jason McCarthy, PhD
Atlanta, GA - (NewMediaWire) - March 16, 2022 - GeoVax Labs, Inc. (Nasdaq: GOVX), a biotechnology company developing vaccines and immunotherapies against infectious diseases and cancers, has been invited to present at Maxim Group’s 2nd annual Virtual Growth Conference to be held March 28-30, 2022.
During the conference, GeoVax’s Chairman and CEO, David Dodd, will present an update of GeoVax’s immunotherapy and vaccine research and development efforts, focusing on the Company’s COVID-19 and cancer immunotherapy Phase 2 clinical programs.
GeoVax’s Chief Scientific Officer, Mark Newman PhD, will also participate in a live fireside chat with Maxim’s Head of Biotechnology Research, Jason McCarthy, PhD, on March 30, 2022, discussing developments in cancer vaccines and immuno-oncology.
Investors can view GeoVax’s presentation and the fireside chat by registering for the conference here and can also request a 1x1 meeting with Mr. Dodd to be arranged following the conclusion of the conference.
About GeoVax
GeoVax Labs, Inc. is a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing human vaccines and immunotherapies against infectious diseases and cancer using novel proprietary platforms. GeoVax’s product pipeline includes two ongoing Phase 2 clinical trials of GEO-CM04S1 (formerly COH04S1) for COVID-19 as a universal booster vaccine to mRNA vaccines authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and as a primary vaccine for use in immunocompromised patients. In addition to GEO-CM04S1 for COVID-19, GeoVax is developing GEO-CM02 as a pan-coronavirus vaccine. The Company is also conducting a Phase 1/2 clinical trial of Gedeptin® for treatment of head and neck cancer. Gedeptin® has been granted orphan drug status by the FDA. Additional research and development programs include preventive vaccines against Zika Virus, hemorrhagic fever viruses (Ebola, Sudan, Marburg, and Lassa) and malaria, as well as immunotherapies for multiple solid tumors. The Company’s portfolio of wholly owned, co-owned, and in-licensed intellectual property stands at over 70 granted or pending patent applications spread over 20 patent families.
For additional information about GeoVax, visit our website: www.geovax.com.
GeoVax Labs, Inc.
investor@geovax.com
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Former SBC president Johnny Hunt returns to the pulpit after sexual assault allegations
by mcardinal January 21, 2023
Matt Bush, FISM News
Johnny Hunt, former Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) president and former Pastor of First Baptist Church Woodstock, returned to the pulpit this past Sunday where he delivered a sermon at Hiland Park Baptist Church in Panama City, Florida.
In May 2022, Hunt was named in the 288-page report released by Guidepost Solutions, an independent firm that was looking into alleged mishandling of sexual abuse cases in the SBC. Hunt was accused of sexually assaulting a young pastor’s wife following the 2010 SBC annual meeting in Orlando.
Just six months after being suspended as pastor emeritus of FBC Woodstock and resigning from his position with NAMB, Hunt declared from the Hiland Park Baptist Church pulpit that God’s calling on his life is irrevocable.
“God is omniscient. When God calls you to do something, and you begin to think you’re no longer qualified to do it – hold on just a moment. You don’t think He knew your past, your present and your future when He called you? And so He already knew that, and yet He still placed his hand and His calling on you,” Hunt said during his sermon.
Mike Keahbone, vice chair of the SBC’s Abuse Reform Implementation Task Force, said, “It grieves me deeply that Johnny Hunt would not have the spiritual and emotional intelligence to realize the deep trauma that he is causing. Not only to the victim of his abuse but also to all survivors who are watching and re-living their pain as they watch him return to the very platform that he caused harm from.”
Hunt’s return to the spotlight could not come at a worse time for the SBC. The largest protestant denomination in the U.S. has been trying to figure out how to handle the alleged abuses and cover-ups uncovered by the Guidepost Report, and to have one of the most recognizable names from that report preaching again, just six months later, shows that at least some inside the SBC are not taking it seriously.
It is clear from investigators and from Hunt himself that something happened during their time in Orlando. In an open letter Hunt admitted to inappropriate behavior with the other pastor’s wife, but adamantly denied that any sexual assault took place. He wrote, “The most absurd allegation is that this brief, consensual encounter constituted assault. It did not. This is the reason why I denied the accuracy of the report, and why I deny it, now.”
The text of the report, on the other hand, states, “Our investigators found the pastor and his wife to be credible; their report was corroborated in part by a counseling minister and three other credible witnesses; and our investigators did not find Dr. Hunt’s statements related to the sexual assault allegation to be credible.”
The SBC is different from most mainline denominations in that each individual church is autonomous and does not ultimately answer to higher authorities within the denomination. While this gives each church the ability to function with its own leadership and in its own context, it makes it more difficult to hold pastors and other leaders accountable.
It is because of this lack of accountability that people accused of sexual assault like Pastor Hunt can be “restored” to pastoral leadership without any type of formalized process. According to Baptist News Global, “In November, a group of four pastors organized by Hunt to oversee his ‘restoration’ announced they had now deemed him repentant and fit to return to public ministry.”
Hunt will be preaching in February at Home Church in Tennessee and then in several states for the “Jubilee Gospel Conference.”
Illinois judge temporarily blocks state ban on semiautomatic gun sales
U.S. home sales drop to 12-year low; price growth cools
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I suppose that it was inevitable that, as a wargamer undertaking a non-wargaming historical project (or at least one which is not supposed to land up with a new set of armies and games) I would start reading about the military aspects of the period. The fact that it also fits with the project, which is roughly to find out what really happened during the Harrying of the North, that it is part and parcel of the way military operations were carried out in the period, is just coincidence.
Anyway, the book in question this time is:
Morillo, S. (1994). Warfare under the Anglo-Norman Kings 1066 - 1135. Woodbridge: Boydell.
A jolly decent book it is, too. Morillo is a well know academic military historian who specialises in the medieval period, so it is worth taking what he says seriously.
The first chapter is a bit of scene-setting. The military was one branch of the crown, of government as it was in the Anglo-Norman state. In fact, a general theme running through the book is that the thing that was important for both civil and military government was the royal household, the familia regis. Another aspect that runs through the book is that feudalism, as it is normally construed, did not exist, and was broadly speaking a construct of late Victorian historians and their interpretation of the evidence.
If you think about it, feudalism, in the military sense of holding land in return for military service to the crown, could not really have ever worked. In England, the tenants-in-chief held land all over the country, from Yorkshire to Suffolk, Cheshire to Surrey. Suppose the tenant-in-chief was at court, and the king decided to go to war. Suppose, for ease of pondering, that the court happened to be at Winchester when the decision was made. What happened?
The tenants-in-chief are summoned and told to muster their hosts for such and such a date. When could that date be? Well, if you have to summon men from Cheshire to a Channel port you have a bit of a communication problem. First, you have to get a message to your people in Cheshire. Then they have to summon your feudal host for such and such a time and place, and then they have to march south to the designated port. Giving a week for the initial message, a fortnight for the summons, and at least two weeks for marching south, your contingent is not going to arrive at the port for at least five weeks, even assuming that everything goes swimmingly. Raising the feudal host from the whole country would be a very slow process for any campaign and, so far as the evidence goes, it did not happen.
You can argue that the host was not summoned from the whole of the country. That would be quite correct, but then the burden of the summons would be felt in certain parts of the country. This did happen – the Lords of the Marches were given much more compact fees to better enable them to defend against the Welsh, for example. However, the tenants-in-chief might not look too kindly on a king who kept calling certain of their people out.
So, what really happened? Given the relatively small size of Anglo-Norman armies, the core was made up of the familia regis. Contingents from the tenants-in-chief’s own household were then added to make up the force which was to march to suppress the rebellion or whatever. The knight’s fee, which obliged military service was something of a convenient fiction – the fact that the original fees were in fives and tens suggests that they were artificial, and the fact that the obligations were divided down through, for example, split inheritance, until someone could straight-faced record the fact that a certain fee owed ten and one eighth knights suggests that it was a matter of accounting, not actual men on horses.
The military service which was rendered was more in the nature of castle ward, that is, being the garrison of the local castle for a month or so at a time. The real army was formed of the households of the king and his tenants-in-chief, with extras being paid for mercenaries. These could be mounted or foot, and actually had a reasonably high reputation at the time. It would seem that very soon after feudalism was imposed on England (if indeed it really was superimposed on the Anglo-Saxon state) it became ‘bastard’ feudalism of a form. Knights were in households of powerful men hoping for advancement, to be given their own fee, for an advantageous marriage and, if need be, to fight in the cause that their lord espoused.
As for the fighting, there were many wars and relatively few battles. Hastings, of course, was the main action but Morillo argues that it was a very strange battle indeed between well-matched foes. His main point is that the Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman state was relatively wealthy compared to its neighbours and could therefore field sufficient numbers of infantry to make a difference in war. Most other states of the time could not, and so were reliant on the mounted knights of the household. Thus came about the idea in historiography that medieval commanders despised infantry – given the number of sieges around they really could not afford to, even if they had been minded to.
Morillo makes a number of other important points about the relationship between field forces and castles, movement and logistics. Opinion seems to be that Harold lost at Hastings because he lost the logistical battle with William even before William set sail. He describes a number of Anglo-Norman battles – Hastings, Dol and Gerberoy, Tinchebrai, Alencon, Bremule, and Bourgtherolde – although he does note that for many of these the sources do not allow us to reconstruct what happened. He also has a section on naval combat, something to warm the heart of a wargamer who has been banging on about the importance of naval activities for years (and sieges, for that matter).
An excellent book all round really, and it does still give me an excuse for not buying wargame armies for the period. Except, maybe, I will have a look at the DBA army lists for the Anglo-Normans….
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APEx project
APEnet
Aranzazu Lafuente Urién: Archival authority control: an introduction to Encoded Archival Context for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (EAC-CPF)
The Archival theory and practice have always recognized the importance of the context of the production of documents. The ISAAR (CPF) and EAC-CPF are standards whose primary aims are the formalisation of the name of the creator as the primary key for the international exchange. How has the process of archival authorities developed? How have these standards evolved until today? What are the relationships between archival authority control and librarian authority control? How they match together, what are their differences, which elements are the same, how do they converge today? This text has tried to analyze and explain the process of the development of the concept and practice of control of archival authorities, which has been developed in the past 25 years, in parallel with the process and evolution of standards and conceptual models of libraries. It explains this evolution chronologically to the current state of standards today, especially to the Encoded Archival context for corporate bodies, Persons and families - EAC-CPF.
Standards development in the archival world
Looking back in history
Archival standards in the USA
Parallel path in Australia, Canada & the UK
Come together for international collaboration: ISAAR (CPF)
Encoding ISAAR (CPF) with EAC-CPF
Library standards and authority control
Conceptual models
Current activities and next steps
Chronology for Standards in Archives
Chronology for Standards in Libraries
"To appreciate a document, it is essential to know exactly where it was created, the framework of what process, to what end, for whom, when and how it was received by the addressee, and how it came in our hands. Such knowledge is possible only to the degree to which the whole of the documents, which accompany it, have been kept intact, quite separate from and without confusion with documents of different origins…"[1]
In 1992, in the Statement of Principles Regarding Archival Description, point 1.2 defines the purpose of archival description as: "identify and explain the context and content of archival material in order to promote its accessibility".[2]
Today, the standards of description, its utility for exchange and international cooperation, for the preservation of the documentary heritage and contemporary fond management, seem to be established and accepted among the archival community. However, the use of access points and control of authorities system is relatively recent, and in many cases it is still observed as alien to the world of archives, or as interference in the field of libraries. In other cases, it is simply considered as something that is not useful with the existence of tools and free text search engines provided by computer systems. In fact, there is some confusion of the concepts and poor or little information about the objectives of international standards, in particular the International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (ISAAR (CPF)) and the most recent Encoded Archival Context for Corporate Bodies, Persons, and Families (EAC-CPF).
Information about the archival context is something specific to the archival theory and practice. The knowledge of creators (in its broadest concept, such as authors, compilers, accumulators or creators of fonds) is one of the pillars of the archives, the expression of the principles of provenance and Respect des fonds. Records cannot be understood very well without knowing the context of their creation: who created the record, what kind of functions caused these records to be created or their association activities.[3]
The name of the creator was considered by the International Council on Archives Ad Hoc Commission on Descriptive Standards (ICA/DDS) as the primary key for the international exchange. The commission's decision to take on a standard description for creator of archival fonds tackles at the same time the topic of authority control, as yet unfamiliar with the archivists, for the names of those creators.
In the current international environment, archival authority control, based on the analysis of the context of creation of fonds and the formalisation of the name of the creator, is regulated in four ways:
Structure standards
Encoding standards
Data value standards
The content standards must be regulated at the national level, and the national bodies responsible for standardisation (National Authority Agency) should be responsible for the establishment and maintenance of national standards and the management of the authorised forms of the name for the international exchange, using national or regional data value standards, at least in the beginning.
The ISAAR (CPF) is a structure standard. It was developed by the International Council on Archives (ICA) between 1992 and 2004, the first release being in 1996, and the latest in 2004.
Encoding standards are developed to facilitate data exchange. They are based on XML interchange formats. Encoded Archival Context for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (EAC-CPF) rules, whose latest version of 2010, is being accompanied by the development of conceptual models, ontologies and systems Linked Open Data (LOD) for exchange in the framework of continuous development.
All these standards, are orientated and aimed at the control of archival authorities, have the principle of provenance and the respect des fonds as the main argument. The objective is to provide information from the creators of archival materials to determine the line that sets archives apart from other disciplines such as libraries or museums.
"The invaluable insight of the principle of provenance is the relationships it reveals between creating activity and information created by organisations. If the archivist's use of provenance in arrangement and description - which established links backwards from records to creating activities - is reversed, a potential for a practical and powerful means of gaining access to a managing information exists […] In summary view provenance information as a provider of retrieval access point; establish provenance authority records; rigorously separate authorities from description …"[4]
These words, written in 1986, are visionary and decades later would develop archival practice towards a progressive and unstoppable international collaboration, the international consensus on the establishment of standards of description, international exchange, all favored by the huge development of the information technologies, by the Internet as a global platform for information-sharing and interoperability and by the approach to the practices standards and tools for libraries and museums in common platforms, such as Europeana.
In this process, the recognition of the importance of the context of the production of the documents was one of the most significant steps. The 1994 edition of the General International Standard Archival Description (ISAD(G)), in the description of area's context, is provided for the possibility that information about the name of the producer could be organised in separate authority files (3.2). In 1996, point 1.2 of the ISAAR (CPF), acknowledged that although the context information could be integrated into the description of the archival unit, it could also be treated independently by combining it with other elements of the description. In this case, information on the context, if done separately from the units of description, has more value for the exchange of information. Thus different holdings - national or international - sharing fonds with the same creator can exchange information more easily, establishing relationships among them. The name of the creator happens to be considered the main access point to retrieve context information. This exchange can be conducted only if the name of the producer is controlled under authority control.
These two rules introduce new elements:
Context information separated from units of description,
Name of the creator as primary access point,
Archival authority control (library and information science applied to archives) and authority records.
We now ask ourselves: When are these new ideas developed? Why? In what context?
Since the birth of the ICA in 1950, normalisation-oriented programs were undertaken. The most representative work was that by the Committee on Terminology, with the publication in 1964 of the "Lexicon of Archive Terminology"[5] (known as "Elsevier's") that was superseded by the publication of the "Dictionary of Archival Terminology" in 1984[6]. However, we have to go to the 1980s, in the United States of America and Canada, to the work of archivists working in libraries or managing personal and family archives in university archives, or manuscript divisions in libraries.
In those years the second version of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR) was being reviewed. The adaptation of the contents of Chapter 21, dedicated to the manuscripts, caused the appearance of opinions against the use of these rules, in the forced application of rules for libraries regardless of the object, the creator or media. One of the critics was Steven Hensen, who was Senior Manuscript Cataloguer at the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress between 1976 and 1986. He explains how these steps were fundamental to the development of the manual of archival "Archives, Personal Papers and Manuscripts" (APPM)[7] in the following years and its publication in 1983. The great success of the APPM manual among the archival community was the recognition of the primacy of the principle of provenance in the archival description and, the need to establish criteria for the standardisation of the name of the creator. This manual includes, for the first time, families as archival creator.
"First, APPM recognises the primacy of provenance in archival description. This principle holds that the significance of archival materials is heavily dependent on the context of their creation, and that the arrangement and description of these materials should be directly related to their original purpose and function. This principle translates into a basic rule for choice of main entry in which archival materials are entered "on the basis of provenance, under the name of the person, family, or corporate body chiefly responsible for its creation. This rule is fully consistent with the AACR2 principle that bibliographic materials are entered under the entity "chiefly responsible for the intellectual or artistic content of a work." It also translates into a heavier emphasis on the use of notes in archival cataloguing, since it is difficult to capture the complexities of substance and provenance in the sort of brief formulaic encryption which characterises most bibliographic description. Moreover, the use of notes is more consistent with archival traditions of subject analysis.
Initially, the entry of bibliographic information about archival and manuscript materials into the national bibliographic databases was viewed with suspicion and hostility; it was seen, in fact, as a kind of Trojan horse or virus which would somehow compromise the purity of these library catalogues - at the very least, these archival cataloguing records just "looked funny" and were somehow distasteful."[8]
Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom have travelled a parallel path. The Australian "Keeping Archives" was published in 1989. In Canada, the Canadian working group for archival description standards published in 1990 the "Rules for Archival Description" (RAD), the official standards for archival description in Canada developed after wide consultation and experiment. At the same time the first edition of the "Manual for Archival Description" (MAD) of Margaret Procter and Michael Cook, appeared in 1986; the second edition was published in 1990.[9] All these works seek to be both content standards and structure, but the English MAD also was a proposing standard for structuring finding aids.
The RAD, as the American Describing archives: a Content Standard (DACS) as we see later, include a statement of principle for the description at the beginning of the rules. In this case the P.04 reads "Creators of archival material must be described. A description of the functions and activities of the creator(s) […] is important to understanding the context in which they were created". The standards contain rules for presenting access point in chapter 21: provenance access point (at different levels of descriptions), author access point and other non-subjects access points.[10]
In 1998, the International Council on Archives convened in Ottawa (Canada) a meeting of experts, which may be considered as the point of departure for standardisation at the international level. It is very interesting to see the disparate points of departure between the countries participating in the meeting reflected in the proceedings, published a few years later under the title "Toward International Descriptive Standards for Archives" (1992)[11]. It included representatives from Portugal, Sweden, Spain, Malaysia, Britain, France, Canada, the US, and Germany. Nine resolutions were adopted, establishing among other things that the development, implementation, and maintenance of descriptive standards would be a "major priority" in the future planning strategies for the ICA. The ICA/DDS was created and met for the first time in December 1989.[12]
Between 1990 and 1996 the ICA/DDS produced three documents. These three important works need to be considered together for a better understanding and use.[13] The documents are:
1993: Statement of Principles regarding Archival Description, adopted in October 1990 and revised/approved in 1992. The commission members agreed that their first priority would be to develop a basic set of theoretical principles similar in intent to the "Paris Principles"[14] that have provided guidance to the international library community since 1961.
1994: ISAD(G): General International Standard Archival Description (Final ICA approved version).
1995: ISAAR (CPF) International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families. Final ICA approved version.
The most innovative aspect include the adoption of concepts borrowed from the library environment such as access points and authority control, although initially these were not widely accepted.[15]
Between 1996 and 2004, a process of revision of ISAAR (CPF) was undertaken. The ICA Committee on Descriptive Standards (ICA/CDS), successor of ICA/DDS, worked in conjunction with the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions(IFLA) working group on minimal level authority and the International Standard Authority Data Number (ISADN) Records, mapping the different elements of the first version of ISAAR (CPF) to give consistency to the standard.[16] The documentation about the creator of archival materials that is captured in records based on ISAAR (CPF) is comparable in some respects to library authority records. Such archival authority records differ from their bibliographic counterparts in the functional roles they play in the descriptive process and in the nature and the extent of the data they contain. For instance, archival authority records need to make more extensive use of the "other information elements" than the traditional authority in libraries.
The most important change in this second and final version of ISAAR (CPF) was the introduction of concepts taken from entity-relationship (the entity-relationship model, based on the most widespread tools for creating representation models by computer scientific). The expert group concluded that the old conceptual model about creators, associated with a single fond only as “one-to-one relationship”, had become obsolete when fonds exist in archives that were either divided or assembled, scattered or merged for different reasons. The relationship between the creator and its fonds is rather marked by "many-to-many relationships".[17]
ISAAR (CPF) is mainly a tool for the authority control of the names of the creator of archives, and therefore a tool to standardise as an "authorised form of the name". It simply refers to the national rules of the subjects (already existence in libraries) or to create them ex-novo. As a tool to optimise access and search, ISAAR (CPF) has similarities and concurrences with the authority control of authors in library catalogues, but looking more broadly than the single author of a work, or demonstration purpose and the requirements and information required to document the context of creation. The area of identity is almost similar to libraries, but caters for the archival authorities' needs of dates of existence, institutional history, functions and activities, mandates and legal sources, internal structure or historical context, that are not necessary to be included in library authorities.
Relationship area is without doubt, the most powerful tool of the standard, and includes the influence of the fledgling EAC-CPF standard. It implies the possibility of relationships between creators, as well as widens the scope of relations with other sources (museums, libraries, and other resources), as well as forms of the name standard with other rules. The field of rules, standards and sources become essential for the exchange of information. But for this exchange, what necessary is the establishment of the normalised form of the name, using the model of control by authorities of libraries.
While the rules of structure developed by the ICA followed their course of review, a parallel process in the North American environment started, and American Archivists began developing encoded data standards. At the same time that ICA was developing ISAAR (CPF), there was an American effort to develop an SGML-based prototype standard for Archival Record description. In 1998 version 1.0 of Encoded Archival Description (EAD) was released. In the same year, it was extended to complement the needs or archival community for creator and context description, towards the Encoded Archival Context (EAC).[18] Between 1999 to 2004, a beta version of this standard was developed.
In parallel with the process of review of the first ISAAR (CPF), other projects that have been the key to understand the further process of the rules of structure, content and exchange, arose. Considering its subsequent impact in the EAC-CPF development, the most important project was the project called CUSTARD (Canadian-U.S. Task Force on ARchival Description). As envisaged, the project would produce a content standard that would replace APPM and possibly the Canadian RAD, accommodate all the elements of ISAD(G) and ISAAR (CPF) and be applicable to all types of archival descriptions.[19] For two years they worked together and a draft of rules was developed. However, the differences between the two communities led them to temporarily leave the project. But these drafts have been the starting point of two important works of reference on the content of descriptions: a second version of the RAD (RAD2) in 2008 by Canadians. The Americans published the DACS in 2004.
In some key respects both standards have been a major breakthrough in the archival field in the Anglo-Saxon and European traditions. They break with the Anglo-Saxon archive tradition and practice that did not consider as "records" those not generated by public institutions, leaving out those generated or created by individuals or families. This important change is substantial for the development of the ISAAR (CPF). The DACS rule six says: "The principles of archival description apply equally to records created by corporate bodies, individuals or families"[20].
We also add what DACS indicates in the principle eight about the creators of files: the creators of archival materials, as well as the materials themselves, must be described. Moreover, the functions or activities of the creator(s) that produced the archival materials must be described. Finally the standardised access point must also provide for the relationships between successive creators, DACS includes rules for providing all of this information in a consistent way. Part II is named: Describing creators. DACS includes rules for identifying creators, the consistence formation of names of persons, families and corporate bodies, and the rules for documenting relationships between creating entities. The same principles are expressed in the Canadians' RAD2, in this case in P4.0 "creators of archival materials must be described". P4.1 states: "Description applies equally to records created by individuals or families and by corporate bodies"[21].
Between 2005 to 2009, while DACS were being discussed, librarians were leading a parallel process reviewing and adapting AACR2, towards Resource Description and Access (RDA) standards (see below). The publication of this new data model is an approach of libraries, to archives and museums. It leads to a review of the DACS process and efforts to align it with these new standards for libraries and converge with the museums'. The end result was the development of Encoded Archival Context, its adoption by the Society of American Archivists as an encoding standard and the need to provide guidance on the creation of the archival authority records.
This approach has been caused by the digital world that made it necessary for the communities that manage cultural heritage to exchange data. Interoperability, convergence between conceptual models and data exchange that was already quite developed, in the libraries' realm, became increasingly a crucial requirement.
At this point one may wonder, what is the libraries' model? How has it came to be developed?
Since the 1960s, librarians developed instruments of international standardisation through the PGI, UNESCO and IFLA, aware that they could only face the increase in the volume of work and users with available resources with standardised and cooperative work. Cataloguers in libraries assign each subject - such an author, book, corporation - a particular unique heading term which is consistently, uniquely and unambiguously used to describe all reference to that same subject.
The world of libraries has made a significant and long journey towards international standardisation during the last fifty years. Its main purpose was to promote the exchange and use of compatible bibliographic records among libraries especially national bibliographic agencies, ensuring a broad consensus in agencies and institutions worldwide[22]:
The establishment of the principles of cataloguing (the first in 1961, known as the Paris principles, which have been revised and updated recently in 2009: The Statement of International Cataloguing Principles (ICP)).
Developed international programs in the development and maintenance of bibliographical standards: Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC) in 1973, and International MARC Programme.
Developed standards: the first, the International Standard Bibliographical Description (ISBD) (from 1969 to 1974), established a set of stipulations for the selection, transcription, arrangement and punctuation of all data elements in a bibliographical description.
Developed content standards (AACR, AACR2 and the recent 2010 RAD), exchange standards (MARC and UNIMARC), authority control and standards on authorities': Guidelines for Authority and Reference Entries (GARE) in 1983 and its review in 2001 named Guidelines for Authority Records and References (GARR), and Guidelines for Subject Authority and Reference Entries (GSARE) in 1993.
Developed conceptual models and requirements: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) in 1990, Functional Requirements for Authority Data: A Conceptual Model (FRAD) in 2001, and Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (FRSAD) in 2010.
Establishing models of normalisation of identifiers, like ISADN.
Applying Modelling techniques (taken from the world of computing) and the entity-relation method.
The purpose of archival description and library cataloguing is the same, namely to provide access to materials. Although the functions are analogous, the processes are not the same. Librarians divide the process of cataloguing in two separated components: descriptive (transcribing elements from the work itself in order to identify the author, title, edition and publication information of a work) and subject-related (assign subject term from controlled vocabularies list to provide access to the content or lead users to relevant works of a particular topic of interest). Archivists have never separated description activities; we provide description about creator and content in the different level on description in the same step.
In the beginning (Principles of Paris, 1961) the objectives of a library catalogue were to enable users to locate[23]:
A particular work by author or title
All the works of an author
All editions of a work
All works in a particular subject
In summary, successful access to materials in library catalogues require that the choice and formation of access point be consistent, using authority control. Authority control is a concept that refers to the regulation of terminology used as access points in catalogue records by distinguishing terms, showing relationships and document decisions, to record the choice of heading used such as authorised heading, the cross reference from variant forms and the relationship of the headings to other headings in the file.
In the last years, authority control has been updated by the IFLA:
Since 2009, the International Principles of Cataloguing (ICP), where the principle number 6 refers to access points and authority records.
Since 2001, data structure was based on the Guidelines for Authority Records and References (GARR). This standard provides for three types of structure: the first for the authority itself, the second for reference and the third for general explanatory files.
Since 2009, the Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD), a conceptual model, has analysed the elements of authority records: entities, attributes and relationships.
New standards for data exchange: the UNIMARC authorities (2001) and the new Metadata Authority Description Schema in XML, better known as MADS (June 2011).
In accordance with the rules and previous models, the functions of the control authorities in Libraries with the role as Bibliographical National Agencies were also updated[24]:
Improvement in searches making searching more predictable.
Serve as a vehicle for documentary the decisions of cataloguer in the choice of access points.
Make easier to maintain the catalog.
Serve as reference tool for the cataloguing and indexing when selecting an access point, giving more tools to cataloguers.
Unique, differentiated and consistent tools for the control of the access points in order to ensure consistency of records.
Maximisation of the library resources.
The Guidelines for Authority Records and References (GARR) added also:
Facilitation of international exchange and use of information about authorised headings and references.
Promotion of the lowering of costs of documentation, taking advantage of the work done by others, preserving national and linguistic differences in the authorised forms of headings, but with links that allow to visualise all possible national or international ways.
Archives shared with libraries, at least, two of the three goals that have signed up for the GARR: international cooperation and preservation of national and linguistic particularities (through parallel forms of name or links to other resources) where national agencies serve as "unique, differentiated and consistent" access points. Librarians have also expanded the types of authority that are the subject of analysis from the classic: names, especially names of persons - also family name or corporate body - as creators, printers, recorders, performers or characters related with the process of creation, titles and uniform titles, subjects and genre/forms terms. The FRAD conceptual model identifies ten entities: person, corporate entity, work, expression, manifestation, specimen, concept, object, event and place, also adding in this latest model, family.[25]
Daniel Pitti wrote that, while the library authority records have the formalisation of the headings (authorised headings) as main objective, archival authority records not only need authority or heading control, but also biographical information or historical to explain the context.[26] In the same way the 1998 IFLA - ICA/CDS report lays seventeen essential elements in its minimal level authority record, supporting those functions with data elements and qualifiers necessary to unique identity the authority entity. While bibliographical, historical and other information are highly recommended, many bibliographical authorities limit the content to a listing of preferred and variant forms of the heading.[27] In contrast archival authority records are an integral part of the description system. However, archival authority records share many data elements with their bibliographic counterparts. So, they serve a broader function than that envisioned for library authority data and thus will be more detailed in their content.
The conclusion of this analysis of the IFLA and the ICA authority record structures, ascertains their compatibility and potential interoperability; archivists can adopt the IFLA model on authority records, but under certain conditions. Archivists need extended information about provenance in the authority record while the librarian's emphasis is on an economical method of heading control.
Conceptual models of libraries (FRBR, FRAD and FRSAR) have defined the entities, attributes, and relationships referring to entities that may be considered as the key items of interest to users and which serve as a central point for the collection of the data. It is interesting to note that the conceptual models of authority records models have already taken this on board as have museums and archives.
Until the appearance of the FRAD, concepts of authorities of libraries and archives, not only differed in the objectives (which we will discuss later), but also on the concepts and the denomination of the elements. Until 2009, librarians were referring systematically to headings (authorised headings, non-authorised headings, parallel headings etc) when referring to authority control. However, in FRAD, such headings disappear and are replaced by "form of the name", both for the authorised form and the parallel.
Archives too developed conceptual models, for example: the Spanish CNEDA[28], published in 2012, the Finnish Conceptual Model for Archival Description[29] (draft 2013), or the LOCAH project. In the case of archives, definitions of entities include the agents identified in the libraries' conceptual models of persons, institutions and families, as agents creator of fonds - whose development in the "authorised form of the name" will be constructed according to the ISAAR (CPF) – and the other entities, such as concept, object, event and place, used as access points, built in these cases through controlled languages/thesauri of subjects and places. But Archival conceptual models add also other entities as functions and mandates, needed in archival authority records.
The International Council on Archives has a strategic plan for the years 2012-2016, include the Expert Group on Archival Description (EGAD). For the term 2012-2016, a strategy of trying to unify as far as possible in a single standard four exists standards of the ICA (ISAD(G), ISAAR (CPF), ISDF and ISDIAH) is to be developed. Secondly, work on models of semantic web technologies, in particular conceptual models (or ontologies) and Linked Open Data (LOD) is to be carried out. Finally, EGAD is mandated to develop a conceptual data model for archival description that identifies and defines the essential components of archival description and their interrelations in order to further shared international understanding, facilitate the development of the next generation of archival descriptive systems, further regional, national, and international collaboration, and promote collaboration with allied cultural heritage communities. The conceptual model developed by EGAD will focus first and foremost on the needs of the archival community, though it will also look forward to interoperating with models developed by and for the museum and library communities.[30]
There are several projects available on the web on authority control. One of them, maybe the most important in the libraries' area, is the VIAF Project. Since 2003, Die Deutsche Bibliothek, the Library of Congress and OCLC (Online Computer Library Centre) is jointly developed a Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) for personal names to be freely available on the web. The goal is to prove the viability of automatically linking authority records from different national files and, from the world's national bibliographic agencies. A key aspect of the project was the development of automated name-matching algorithms. In the beginning, the practically of algorithmically linking between both repositories was demonstrated: 70% were automatically linked with an error rate of <1%.
VIAF would be a practical expansion of the concept of universal biographical control, and permit national or regional variations in authorised forms, in preferred language, scripts and spelling. The current proposal for the future of the web include the use of ontologies for making the web more intelligent for machine and automatic processing, combined with other controlled vocabularies and authority files from other indexing services, such as archives, museums or publishers.
There have been other projects with these same objectives, for example AUTHORs Project and the LEAF Project (Linking and Exploring Authority Files). The latter proposed linking authority records loaded into a system from several different sources, with very different formats and very variable on details.
Today the most important project in the archives realm is the SNAC project (Social Network and Archival Context) 2010-2012. In this case, it is an archival authority control project, not a librarian project, using library of congress authorities. Like VIAF, SNAC matches automatically the authority records using algorithms and extracts the files directly from EAD files. Led by Daniel Pitti, it was developed between The University of Virginia, California and Berkeley, using EAC-CPF. One of the objectives was facilitating the separation of the description of people from the description of records, since archival finding aids merged description of records with description of the creators of records and the persons evidenced in the records. The methods and processing were the following: First, EAC-CPF record was extracted from the existing EAD (both creators and referenced CPF names). Then, EAC-CPF records were matched against one another and against existing authority records (VIAF, LCNAF, ULAN) and records for the same entity were merged. Other steps included the enhancement of EAC-CPF by normalising entries and adding alternative entries, titles and historical data. The project creates links to archive, library and museum resources.
The APEx project (2012-2015), co-funded by the European Commission and aiming at expanding, enhancing and sustaining the Archives Portal Europe, is currently working on the definition and implementation of EAC-CPF in the portal. The publication of the new Archives Portal Europe with an overall search for archival descriptions, names and archival institutions from more than 32 European countries and established with the help of international archival standards, is scheduled for summer 2014.
Date Acronym Descriptions/Standards
1983 APPM Archives, Personal Papers and Manuscripts (USA)
1986 MAD Manual for Archival Description (UK)
1988 OTTAWA Meeting in Ottawa for archival experts in standards (CA)
1989 APPM2 2nd ed. Archives, Personal Papers and Manuscripts (USA)
1989 MAD2 2nd ed. Manual for Archival Description (UK)
1989 KAA Keeping Archives, Australian Society of Archivists (AU)
1989 ICA/DDS ICA Ad Hoc Commission on Description Standards. Mandate from 1990 to 1996
1990 RAD Rules for Archival Description (CA)
1991 Draft of MADRID 1st draft for ISAD(G)
1992/1993 ICA PRINCIPLES Statement of Principles Regarding Archival Description
1992 TOWARD Toward International Descriptive Standards for Archives
1994 ISAD(G) 1st ed. General International Standard Archival Description
1996 ISAAR (CPF) 1st ed. International Standard for Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families
1996 ICA/CDS ICA Committee on Descriptive Standards. Mandate from 1996 to 2000. Revision ISAD(G)/ISAAR (CPF)
1998 Draft Hague Draft compendium of comments ISAD(G) review
1998 EAD Encoded Archival Description
1998 EAC Encoded Archival Context. Start of the Working Group
2000 ISAD(G) 2nd ed. General International Standard Archival Description
2000 MAD3 3rd ed. Manual for Archival Description (UK)
2001 CUSTARD Custard project from 2001 to 2003
2002 EAD2 2nd edition EAD
2002 EAG Encoded Archival Guide. Version Alfa
2002 ISAAR (CPF) 2nd ed. ISAAR (CPF)
2004 EAC-CPF Encoded Archival Context for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families. Beta release
2004 DACS Describing Archives: a Content Standards (USA)
2008 RAD2 2nd ed. RAD. Review (CA)
2008 ISDIAH International Standard for Describing Institutions with Archival Holdings
2010 EAC-CPF Initial version
2010-2012 SNAC project (USA)
2011 ISDF International Standard for Describing Functions
2012 EAG2012 2nd ed. EAG
2012-2014 NAAC project (USA)
2013 DACS2 2nd ed. DACS (USA)
2014 (exptected) EAD3 3rd edition EAD
Descriptions/Standards
1961 CP International Conference on Cataloguing Principles
1969 Cataloguing experts meeting, Copenhagen (DK)
1973 UBC Universal Bibliographical Control
1974 ISBD International Standard Bibliographic Description
1977 PGI-79/WS/18 Guidelines for the National Bibliographic Agency and the National Bibliography
1978 IFLA authorities working group (Czechoslovakia)
1983 GARE Guidelines for Authority and Reference Entries
1984 UNIMARC group
1990-1991 FRBR Functional Requirements for Bibliographical Records
1991 UNIMARC-A UNIMARC Authorities
1993 GSARE Guidelines for Subject Authority and Reference Entries
1998 AUTHOR AUTHOR project
1999-2003 AACR2 Revision of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules
2001 GARR Guidelines for Authority Records and References. GARE revision
2001 UNIMARC 2nd ed. UNIMARC-A
2003 VIAF Virtual International Authority File start working
2008 FRAD Functional Requirements for Authority Data
2009 ICP Statement of International Cataloguing Principles
2010 RDA Resource Description and Access
2011 MADS Metadata Authority Description Schema
2013 FRAD Amended version FRAD
2013 OCLC & WorldCat OCLC authorities: format and indexes
Michel Duchein, "Theoretical principles and practical problems of respect des Fonds in Archival Sciences" in Archivaria, 16 (summer 1983), pp. 64-82. (http://journals.sfu.ca/archivar/index.php/archivaria/article/view/12648/13813) (viewed 6 march 2014). ↑
International Council on Archives (ed.), "Statement of Principles Regarding Archival Description" in Archivaria, 34 (summer 1992) (http://journals.sfu.ca/archivar/index.php/archivaria/article/download/11837/12789) (viewed 11 march 2014). ↑
Hugo L. P. Stibbe: "Standardising Description: the experience of using ISAD(G)" in LLigall, revista catalana d’arxivistica, 12 (1998), pp. 132-152. ↑
David A. Bearman and Richard Lytle: "The power of principle of provenance" in Archivaria, 21 (winter 1985-1986), pp. 14-27 (http://journals.sfu.ca/archivar/index.php/archivaria/article/view/11231/12170) (viewed 6 march 2014). ↑
International Council on Archives (ed.), Elsevier's Lexicon of archive terminology: French, English, German, Spanish, Italian, Dutch (Amsterdam, 1964). ↑
Peter Walne (ed.), Dictionary of archival terminology = Dictionnaire de terminologie archivistique (München, 1984) ↑
Steven L. Hensen (comp.), Archives, personal papers and manuscripts: a cataloguing manual for archival repositories, historical societies and manuscripts libraries. (2nd ed., Chicago, 1989). ↑
Steven L. Hensen: "The first shall be the first: APPM and its impact on American Archival Description" in Archivaria, 35 (spring 1993), pp 64-70 (http://journals.sfu.ca/archivar/index.php/archivaria/issue/view/394) (viewed 12 march 2014). ↑
Michael Cook and Margaret Procter, A manual of archival description (2nd ed., Aldershot, 1989). ↑
Bureau of Canadian Archivists (ed.): Rules for Archival Description (RAD) (Ottawa, 1990, Revised version, July 2008) (http://www.cdncouncilarchives.ca/archdesrules.html) (viewed 17 march 2014). ↑
ICA (ed.), Toward International Descriptive Standards: Papers presented at the ICA Invitational Meeting of Experts on Descriptive Standards, National Archives of Canada, Ottawa 4-7 October 1988 (München etc., 1993). ↑
Cf. chapter 13 in Victoria Irons Walch, Standards for Archival Description: A Handbook (1994)(https://www.archivists.org/catalog/stds99/chapter13.html) (viewed 1 July 2014). ↑
Stibbe, Standardising Description, pp. 132-152. ↑
IFLA (ed.), Statement of principles adopted at the International Conference on Cataloguing Principles, Paris, October, 1961 (annotated edition, London, 1971). ↑
See Stibbe, Standardising Description for more information about works, decisions and results of this group. ↑
Cf. Dagmar Parer and Michael Fox, The Internal Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (ICA) and the essential Data Elements for Internationally Shared Resource Authority Record (IFLA): A comparison and Report (1998) (http://www.icacds.org.uk/eng/ifla.pdf) (viewed 18 mach 2014). ↑
Stefano Vitali, "The second edition of ISAAR (CPF) and authority control in system for archival descriptive system" (2004) (http://www.sba.unifi.it/ac/relazioni/vitali_eng.pdf) (viewed 6 march 2014). ↑
Daniel Pitti, "Creator description: encoded archival context" (2004) (http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/inside/units/bibcontrol/osmc/pittieac.pdf) (viewed 18 march 2014). ↑
See preface of DACS in SAA (ed.), Describing archives: a content standards [DACS] (Chicago, 2004) (http://files.archivists.org/pubs/DACS-2007.pdf) (viewed 1 July 2014). ↑
SAA (ed.), Describing archives: a content standard [DACS] (2nd ed., Chicago, 2013)(http://www2.archivists.org/standards/DACS) (viewed 17 march 2014). ↑
CCA (ed.), Rules for Archival Description (Ottawa, 2008), p. xxiv (http://www.cdncouncilarchives.ca/archdesrules.html) (viewed 1 July 2014). ↑
Ben R. Tucker: "The role of IFLA in the field of bibliographical standards" in Toward International Descriptive Standards for Archives (München, 1993), pp. 101-104. ↑
Lisa B. Weber: "Archival descriptive standards: concepts, principles and methodologies" in Toward International Descriptive Standards for Archives (München, 1993), pp. 105-118. ↑
The BNE is the Spanish Bibliographical National Agency. Biblioteca Nacional de España: Manual de autoridades. Versión actualizada del 2010.
(http://www.bne.es/es/Micrositios/Guias/ManualAutoridades) (viewed 24 June 2014) ↑
IFLA: Functional requirements for Authority Data: a conceptual model [FRAD]. (Final report, amended and corrected, July 2013). p. 13 (http://www.ifla.org/publications/functional-requirements-for-authority-data) (viewed 6 March 2014). ↑
Daniel Pitti: Creator description: encoded archival context (2004) (http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/inside/units/bibcontrol/osmc/pittieac.pdf) (viewed 18 march 2014). ↑
Dagmar Parerand Michael Fox: The Internal Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (ICA) and the essential Data Elements for Internationally Shared Resource Authority Record (IFLA): A comparison an Report. (1998) (http://www.icacds.org.uk/eng/ifla.pdf) (viewed 18 March 2014). ↑
CNEDA. Modelo conceptual de descripción archivística y requisitos de datos básicos de las descripciones de documentos de archivo, agentes y funciones (2012) (http://www.mcu.es/archivos/docs/NEDA_MCDA_P1_P2_20120618.pdf) (viewed 9 July 2014) ↑
Kansallisarkisto (ed.): Finnish Conceptual Model for Archival Description (http://www.arkisto.fi/uploads/Arkistolaitos/Teht%C3%A4v%C3%A4t%20ja%20toiminta/Hankkeet/AHAA/The%20Finnish%20Conceptual%20Model%20of%20Archival%20Description_text.pdf) (viewed 9 July 2014). ↑
"EGAD Strategic Work Plan" (http://www.ica.org/13845/egad-activities-and-projects/egad-strategic-work-plan.html) (viewed 9 July 2014). ↑
apeEAC-CPF
Aránzazu Lafuente Urién
Aranzazu Lafuente Urién, Degree in Geography and History, (Medieval history) Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain, 1987). Funcionaria del Cuerpo Facultativo de Archivos, from 1989. Director of Archivo Histórico Provincial de Ciudad Real (1990-1993). Director of Archivo Histórico de la Nobleza (Nobility Section of National Historical Archive) (Toledo, 1993-2011). Since 2011 works in the Portal de Archivos Españoles (PARES), managing the work of control authorities and access points. Member of the APEx WP4.
The Historical Archive Reborn — Approach and Strategy for the Archive Network
Chezkie Kasnett 2015-02-03
The Role of Functional Provenance between Archival Appraisal and Description — do we need an EAC-F standard?
Karsten Kühnel 2014-12-10
The Irish Traditional Music Archive & The Inishowen Song Project
Grace Toland 2014-11-11
Archives Portal Europe – A Challenge of Harmonisation and Outreach
Karin Bredenberg, Silke Jagodzinski 2014-10-21
Working on European archival information system linking encoded data - the Census-Guide to Archives and EAG, a common history
Ana María López Cuadrado 2014-10-11
What's in a title? - Aboutness versus intellectual form in archival description
Eddy Put 2014-09-22
Cross-border Discoveries in the Archives Portal Europe
Angelika Menne-Haritz 2014-07-29
Small Scale, Big Change - the Impact of Social Media
Guinevere Barlow, Laura Gould 2014-07-21
Archival authority control: an introduction to Encoded Archival Context for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (EAC-CPF)
Aránzazu Lafuente Urién 2014-07-14
So, there is data – what can we do with it?
Kuldar Aas 2014-05-12
Building up a Research Infrastructure on the First World War across Borders
Aleksandra Pawliczek 2014-04-27
EAG(Cendari) - customising EAG for research purposes
Maud Medves, Laurent Romary 2014-04-15
Access to Polish archival materials - Legal dilemmas
Dorota Drzewiecka, Katarzyna Pepłowska 2014-03-26
Learning to say ‘No’ - Strategic considerations for archives in the digital world
Jennifer Edmond 2014-03-20
From a small archive's standpoint - A short review on the Spital Archive's didactic practice in a digital world
Kathrin Pindl 2014-03-10
Records creators - Use of EAC-CPF in Archives Portal Europe
Karin Bredenberg 2014-03-04
The eastern and north-eastern European archives between digitisation, Web 2.0 and social media
Doreen Kelimes 2014-02-25
EAD3 and the consequences of the new version
Kerstin Arnold 2014-02-18
apeEAC-CPF apeEAD archival description Archives Portal Europe cultural heritage didactic collaborations digital objects digitisation EAD3 EAG2012 finding aids infrastructure legal aspects Linked Open Data open access portals research social media standards TEI
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The APEx project is co-funded by the European Commission via the ICT PSP framework, 5th call, theme 2.1 - aggregating content for Europeana
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Access to justice during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK
O' Rourke, Alison; Bowler, Bethany; Hewett, Natalie; Hussain-Kazmi, Shaheen; Willey, Jeanette; Riddle-Harte, Jaimie; Toms, Sali; Wild, Tom; Robinson, Daniel; Young, Jason; Panambo, Junealle; Akhtar, Mariya and Khan, Rabbiya (2022). Access to justice during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Open Justice Centre, Open University Law School, Milton Keynes, UK.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21954/ou.ro.00014592
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented many challenges for our legal system. The courts have had to adapt to the unprecedented change in circumstances. One of the most dramatic changes to occur was the introduction of remote court hearings. This report, jointly authored by the Open University and Northumbria University, seeks to explore this transition and the impact it has had on access to justice.
The Open University Policy Clinic is part of the Open Justice Centre. Open Justice provides free legal advice and education to members of the public in a variety of legal areas. In 2019, Open Justice established the Policy Clinic to undertake research on behalf of organisations and charities, aiming to influence policy and law reform. The Northumbria Student Law Office was set up in 1981 and offers free legal advice to members of the public on a range of different areas. The Policy Clinic within the Student Law Office was set up in the 2018/2019 academic year with the aim to undertake research influencing policy and law reform.
We began our research by gathering data from a sample of 80 Crown Courts and 77 County Courts. In addition to this, we conducted fieldwork in the Court of Protection. This involved all members of the team requesting access as public observers to remote hearings. In total, 25 hearings were attended. There was also a review of existing literature surrounding remote hearings. This report will identify the themes arising from our research that have a direct influence on access to justice. We will discuss the findings from our research alongside the existing data, and comparisons will be made between these two data sets. We believe this report is particularly important as we enter a post-COVID-19 world and questions are being raised as to whether the changes that have occurred during the pandemic should be implemented permanently. The aim of this report is to gain an insight into the effect of the pandemic and to assess the practicality of online courts.
Research report for the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Legal and Constitutional Affairs. Research undertaken by The Open University and Northumbria University
Other Departments > Other Departments
Open Justice Centre Student Research
ORO Import
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MINISTRY OF SPORTS TO DEVELOP NEW SPORTS POLICY
The Ministry of Culture, Youth, Sports and Community Development will soon be developing a Sports Policy aimed at assisting young athletes develop their craft.
Minister of State with specific responsibility for Youth and Sports, Hon. Oscar George says that the Sports Policy will cover numerous variables for athletes in Dominica.
He noted that the Ministry hopes to have an approved policy by the end of 2023.
“We at the Ministry of Sports will also be taking steps to develop a Sports Policy. I believe that this is something that has been outstanding for a very long time and I think that this is something that we really have to push. I know that we have done some work in that regard; we have a task force in place and I believe that they are meeting very regularly but we have to push some key variables in that regard. And that policy will speak to a number of key areas such as giving players time off to partake in sporting activities, the issue of insurance, and a number of other areas that’s very important for sports development. So I personally, along with the PS, will be pushing that to ensure that at least by the end of the year we can have an approved Sports Policy,” Hon. George stated.
The Sports Policy will also result in the establishment of a sports council.
“Stemming from the policy, we will also see the development and establishment of a sports council. There have been a lot of concern in terms of the whole administration of sports in Dominica and I believe that a Sports Council with representatives from all sporting disciplines will be better positioned to administer sports as a single body. I believe that some work has been done in that regard. So we have a structure, we have a framework with which we can work with. Obviously we will have to amend certain parts of it but it is something that we have to do going forward, and I believe that I the upcoming period, we will meet with the associations, meet with the athletes and get their intake in order to finalize the Sports Council,” the Sports Minister explained.
The establishment of a Sports Trust Fund is also a priority for the Ministry Of Sports. This fund will assist athletes to purchase equipment and other necessities required for their sporting discipline.
“And of course, stemming from the Policy and the Council, we have the Sports Trust Fund, and that I also a very important aspect of our sports development, because I am moving around and I get a lot of requests for assistance to purchase gears. It’s a serious issue; cricket for instance is a very expensive sport. A kit costs upwards from a thousand dollars, sometimes two to three thousand dollars, and having a young cricketer, 15-16 years, he’s not going to come up with that money to purchase a kit. So I think if we have this trust fund, and then we capitalize it from funds from the CBI programme, we can work with the associations, identify our players and have a structure in place to purchase gears and equipment and supplies for our teams. I think that is important for us but to get to that point it is important that we get the Sports Policy approved, it’s important that the Sports Council be established and functioning and then we can draft the terms and conditions for this Sports Trust Fund which is very important,” Minister George added.
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Legal support of purchase the LLC “Morneftegazproject’s” shares by LLC “MRTS-Engineering”. During the current period the Law firm accompanies the activity of the enterprise. LLC “Morneftegazproject” is a General Design Engineer of the Prirazlomnoye oilfield construction and the Prirazlomnaya offshore ice-resistant stationary platform. The Project of the Prirazlomnoye oilfield construction is the first Russian project of offshore resources development in the Arctic Ocean. Morneftegazproject has performed a series of works for the Shtokman gas condensate field construction. The company has engineered conceptual designs for drilling units for Gazprom and vessels for various works on offshore fields. At the moment Morneftegazproject is working on several tasks from Gazprom on development of continental shelf in the Arctic Ocean and the Sea of Okhotsk.
Legal support of a large fishing and fish processing company. The lawyers are engaged in regulation of cooperation with customs, solving issues related to the repair and use of commercial vessels.
Justification for construction of transport terminal including trading space and place for administrative purposes. Disputes include: challenge the refusal to issue an authorization for construction, disputes on lawfulness of letting the land plot for the building. As a result of the court proceedings the client can complete the construction of one of the two terminals and put it into operation.
Legal support of the contact for the performance of pile driving works and other works connected with transportation and installation in the Caspian Sea the Korchagin’s deposit substructure. The investment project “Korchagin’s deposit” is fulfilled by Lukoil oil company. The lawyers take part in elaboration of the final version of the contract for the performance of pile driving works by GT “Sever”. They also take part in negotiations with the general contractor. Participation in the project requires deep and complex legal analysis as the client leases unique equipment and deals with subcontractors from different countries – UK, Germany, Netherlands, Singapore, Azerbaijan.
Legal support for the project on construction of regasification LNG terminal on the Baltic Sea within the special economic zone in Kaliningrad Region. The lawyers advised the Client on special legal norms of the legislation — "On special economic zones", negotiated with the government authorities of the Region. The project is complicated because it was started by another contractors who failed to execute their obligations.
Legal support for the conclusion of contracts with the lessees of drilling and other mining equipment. The contracts with Ltd. "Mezhregionsvyazstroy", Ltd. "LK" Geoservice "(buyer) and Ltd "Gulf Stream" LLC (the lessee). The firm’s lawyers provide legal support of execution of lease contracts, take part in the negotiations, handle the complaints on the disputed issues arising in connection with the performance of contracts, as well as represent client in courts.
Construction of one of the largest in the Far North of Russia plants for natural gas liquefaction in the Yuzhno-Tambeyskoye gas condensate deposit (Yamal peninsula, JSC "Yamal LNG"). Along with the Russian companies in the project were involved major foreign companies such as Russian Affiliate "South Tambey LNG", a consortium of companies Technip France, and JGC Corporation (Japan).
Legal support of the acquisition and modernization of the pipe-laying vessel “Jascon 18” for the construction of gas pipelines form the Sea Trucks company. The lawyers represented the Client's interests at the stage of conclusion of the contract and requesting the elimination of defects aroused during the warranty period. The lawyers achieved the recognition and elimination of the identified vessel deficiencies by the seller. In addition our lawyers accompanied the subsequent sale of the vessel to Gazprom. During the current period the law firm supports ships’ management in order to prepare them for maintenance of oil-and-gas deposits.
Legal support of a state contract award for the construction of the seaport and cargo terminal “Sabetta” on the Yamal Peninsula, including the creation of a navigable approach channel in the Gulf of Ob. The project envisages the creation of an artificial land plot to strengthen the shoreline, construction of ice protective structures for the seaport. By the end of the decade the port can become a universal cargo terminal in the Northern Sea Route.
Protection of the client - the carrier who won the tender held by the mayor's office, from the charges brought by a competitor for alleged violation of antitrust laws.
Challenging, as part of bankruptcy proceedings, the debtor's financial order for the cash payment to a third party for a total amount of more than 85 million rubles, causing damage to the creditors of the debtor.
Challenging the decision of a tax authority to recover from the taxpayer uncollected VAT, income tax, penalties and fines amounting to over 30 million rubles in connection with incorrect identification of the time for the recognition of revenues and expenses upon the extension of the contract concluded by the taxpayer to previous actual relationships of the parties.
Protecting the debtor's business from the creditor's unfounded request to be included in the register. In the course of the proceedings it was proved that the claimant could not physically have the stated amount for the payment under the contract.
Challenging the decision of a tax authority to charge additional taxes, fines and penalties as a result of the client's transactions with a "questionable counterparty".
Using the procedure of pre-trial settlement of a dispute with tax authorities, the firm managed to reduce the size of additional tax assessments for more than 35 million rubles, including fines and penalties, following an on-site inspection.
Advocacy of the purchaser of property as a party to the transactions challenged by the official receiver as part of the bankruptcy procedure on the grounds of understated value.
The amount of the default charge and fine claimed by the contracting authority under a government contract was reduced by 97.5%. One of the first cases in the region involving the liability under 44-ФЗ and the new Resolution of the Russian Government on the penalty and fine calculation procedure.
The court sustained the validity of retention by the Lessor of the security deposit under a preliminary lease agreement for the violation by the Lessee of the obligation to carry out finishing works in the leased premises.
Establishment and support of a joint venture producing concrete coating for large-diameter pipes used in the construction of gas pipelines.
Recovery of insurance compensation under a life insurance contract from the insurance company that illegally paid insurance compensation to the beneficiary against false documents.
NORTIA GKS/2023
Ask question Site development - F5
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19/04/2013 | The Boston bombings - Manhunt
WHEN Barack Obama declared on the day of the Boston bombings that the perpetrators would �feel the full weight of justice�, few had imagined that justice would be so swift. But on April 18th, just three days after the attack, police released pictures of two suspects.
That night, the pair killed a policeman in Cambridge, a suburb of Boston. A chase ensued, and one of the two was killed in Watertown, another nearby suburb, early on the 19th. A massive manhunt is underway for the second.
Police identified the two suspected bombers as Tamerlan Tsarnaev, who was 26, and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, his younger brother, who was 19. They are of Chechen origin, from a region neighbouring Chechnya, a restive Muslim province of Russia. But they had been living in America for several years, along with various relatives. The older brother was studying at a local community college. Why they would have launched the attacks, and whether they did so on their own or with help, remains unclear, although suspicion will immediately fall on Islamic terror groups.
The twin bombings, near the finish line of the Boston marathon in the closing stages of the race, killed three people: an eight-year-old boy and two young women. Another 180 or so were injured. At least 13 people lost limbs. That makes the attack the most deadly act of terror in America since September 11th 2001, apart from mass shootings.
To add to the alarm the bombings caused, the authorities intercepted two letters, one addressed to Barack Obama and another to Roger Wicker, a senator, which appeared to contain ricin, a lethal poison. A fire followed by an explosion at a fertiliser factory in West, Texas, on the night of April 17th, which killed at least five people, increased the sense of apocalypse. An aggrieved constituent of Mr Wicker was arrested on April 17th, suspected of sending the poisoned letters; but he has not been tied to the bombings. And there is no indication that the fire at the factory was anything but a horrific accident.
The FBI, sifting through the mass of video footage and photographs of the bombing scene provided by broadcasters, security cameras and bystanders, quickly homed in on shots of the two suspects, and made them public. A few hours later, the pair seem to have tried to rob a convenience store. Police from MIT, a nearby university, came to the scene. The brothers shot one of them, and hijacked an SUV in an attempt to escape. They exchanged gunfire with police and threw explosives before crashing the hijacked car in Watertown. In the ensuing exchange, Tamerlan was shot and killed while Dzhokhar escaped.
Boston is now at a standstill. Police have sealed off Watertown, and are advising residents to stay in their houses and not to admit any strangers. The city was already flooded with police, soldiers and other security forces, both to ward off further attacks and to help with the investigation. State troopers stand watch outside metro stations; whole squadrons of national guardsmen march back and forth on Boston Common, a park a few blocks from the site of the bombings. Barricades festooned with flowers and notes of condolence block access to the immediate area of the blasts, as investigators pore over it in the hunt for evidence.
Fragments retrieved from the scene suggest that the bombs were constructed from six-litre pressure-cookers packed with gunpowder, a simple detonator and shrapnel in the form of nails and ball-bearings, intended to cause horrific injuries.
The simple but effective design of the bombs, which may have cost as little as $100 to make, is similar to countless improvised explosive devices (IEDs) that have inflicted casualties on civilians and Western troops in Afghanistan and Iraq. Instructions for building such bombs can be easily found on the internet. The bombs’ lack of sophistication suggests they were the work of a small group with limited resources.
In 2010 an online magazine, Inspire, published by al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, ran an article entitled “How to make a bomb in the kitchen of your mom”. Inspire, aimed at aspiring young jihadists in America and Britain, was edited by Anwar al-Awlaki and Samir Khan. Both were American citizens who were killed by the same drone strike in Yemen in 2011.
Little is known about the Tsarnaev brothers, however, including whether they drew inspiration or assistance from such quarters. The coming days will presumably reveal much more. But the notion that the perpetrators of such a bloodthirsty attack could have been living in the country without attracting much scrutiny will be especially chilling to many Americans.
30/01/2014 Qu� ha hecho y qu� le falta por hacer a Obama en su segundo mandato
18/12/2013 El hombre que derrot� a Obama
13/12/2013 US - The budget deal and Washington�s new politics of compromise
10/12/2013 Limitar los riesgos
20/11/2013 Otro punto de vista sobre JFK
18/11/2013 Who are the REAL extremists: The tea party or Obama and the New Democrats?
18/11/2013 Can a crippled HHS react in time to a killer virus?
11/11/2013 EEUU - Moderados contra el Tea Party
10/11/2013 Obama, en manos de sus enemigos
10/11/2013 The Coming U.S.-China Clash
The uprisings: Islam and the Arab revolutions
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When Jimmy Page played Led Zeppelin with Limp Bizkit’s Fred Durst
Have you thought about a partnership between Led Zeppelin and … Limp Bizkit? Well, it kind of happened already.
Back in 2001, the EMA (European Music Awards), a European MTV award, took place in Frankfurt, Germany, and had an unexpected and unusual partnership. The station called Jimmy Page, legendary guitarist, to play a Led song alongside none other than Fred Durst.
Wes Scantlin, lead singer of Puddle of Mudd, also participated in the performance of “Thank You” – track of Led Zeppelin II, 1969.
Check out the report from Page below:
I was asked to play with [Fred Durst] at the MTV Frankfurt awards. His band, Limp Bizkit, was about to receive three awards that night. Fred also called the lead singer and guitarist Wes Scantlin of the Puddle of Mudd, and the three of us presented ‘Thank You’ on the show.
There was a moment in the backstage where we all stopped to look at the TV when Kylie Minogue was performing ‘Can not Get You Out of My Head.’
Watch the moment below:
Limp Bizkit is an American rap rock band from Jacksonville, Florida. Their lineup consists of Fred Durst (lead vocals), Sam Rivers (bass, backing vocals), John Otto (drums, percussion), DJ Lethal (turntables), and Wes Borland (guitars, backing vocals).
Their music is marked by Durst’s angry vocal delivery and Borland’s sonic experimentation. Borland’s elaborate visual appearance, which includes face and body paint, masks and uniforms, also plays a large role in the band’s live shows. The band has been nominated for three Grammy Awards, have sold 40 million records worldwide and won several other awards.
Related Topics:articles, back in time, CLASSIC ROCK, Featured, fred durst, jimmy page, led zeppelin, limp bizkit, pop rock
David Gilmour releases full “Live At Pompeii” concert on Youtube
Great Forgotten Songs #119 – The Verve “Lucky Man”
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* Latest "NM" in the News *
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New Mexico is rich in old mining, ranching and railroading towns. The ghosts of Billy the Kid, Pat Garrett, John Chisum, and even Pancho Villa, all famous (or infamous) figures in New Mexico history, can be felt in many of the towns. Visitors can travel to these old places on the state's beautiful scenic byways, stopping at one (or several) of New Mexico's national and state parks and monuments along the way.
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Experience Unique New Mexico New Mexico is well-known for its arts community. The state's art museums feature everything from folk art to glass to sculpture to paintings by Georgia O'Keeffe. But there's more to experience in New Mexico museums than art. Here, visitors can find something special in every county in the state.
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The constituent New Mexico Technology Corridor, centered primarily around Albuquerque, hosts a constellation of high technology and scientific research entities, which include federal facilities such as Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Very Large Array; private companies such as Intel, HP, and Facebook; and academic institutions such as the University of New Mexico (UNM), New Mexico State University (NMSU), and New Mexico Tech.
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Health in New Mexico - Welcome to NewMexico.gov Home Health in New Mexico Health in New Mexico To ensure health equity, we work with our partners to promote health and well-being and improve health outcomes for all people in New Mexico.
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NMDA develops, implements and promotes global marketing and economic development to facilitate trade; maintains regulatory compliance through cooperative relationships with industries, agencies and the public to ensure consumer protection and a uniform marketplace for agriculture; promotes responsible and effective use and management of natural …
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New Mexico is a state in the southwestern United States. It is the 5th largest state in area and borders Texas to the southeast, Oklahoma to the northeast, Mexico to the north and its western Four Corners region with Utah, Colorado, and Arizona. The state has the oldest state capital in the U.S., Santa Fe.
New Mexico - United States Department of State
The Department’s impact on New Mexico goes back many years. – Learn more about previous years by visiting our 2017-2021 state.gov archive. The Department also encourages global audiences to connect with America. – Learn more about how the Department promotes New Mexico around the world. Department of State by State.
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New Mexico is a haven for the unexpected. A place for those who seek to follow their own path. Here, every true adventure feeds the soul. 315,760 people like this. 323,750 people follow this. http://newmexico.org/. Tourist Information Center · Travel Company.
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The Latest News, Analysis and Discussion of the New York Football Giants
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Giants 2014 Positional Breakdown: Offensive Line
Posted by Connor Hughes/BBI
Can the Giants’ line keep Manning upright in 2014? – © USA TODAY Sports Images
[contentblock id=1 img=html.png]
With the New York Giants reporting to training camp in less than two weeks, BigBlueInteractive.com is breaking down each of the team’s positional groups from now until July 21. Today, let’s take a look at the offensive line.
FIND A COMPLETE LIST OF ALL BREAKDOWNS HERE
POSITIONAL BREAKDOWN: Offensive Line
2013 YEAR IN REVIEW: Years of failing to install a contingency plan up front caught up to Jerry Reese in 2013. As injury after injury hit the offensive line, few, if any, reserves were waiting in the wings to step up. The Giants entered the season with a starting line of: William Beatty, Kevin Boothe, David Baas, Chris Snee and David Diehl. By the end of the season…all had landed on the injury report. Quarterback Eli Manning was sacked a career-high 39 times and the deep passes that the Giants had so much success with in previous seasons were eliminated because there wasn’t time to throw. In the end, even Manning himself suffered an injury. Things were bad, very bad. It was a nightmare that ultimately forced Kevin Gilbride to ‘retire.’
Geoff Schwartz was the Giants big signing in 2014 – © USA TODAY Sports Images
ADDITIONS/SUBTRACTIONS: With how terrible things were last year, changes up front were inevitable. Kevin Boothe left for Oakland, David Baas was released and David Diehl retired. The Giants signed notable free agents: J.D. Walton (C), Geoff Schwartz (G), John Jerry (G) and Charles Brown (T) while drafting Weston Richburg (C/G) in the second round. It was a complete and much-needed overhaul.
TRAINING CAMP STORY LINES: While there are many, the health of guard Chris Snee tops the list. Since being drafted out of Boston College, Snee has been a staple on the Giants’ line and considered one of the best guards in the NFL. But the years in the trenches have taken their toll on the 32-year-old. His 6-3, 310-pound frame is bruised and battered and Snee’s hardly the player he was when entering the league over a decade ago. When the Giants reported for their offseason conditioning program, Snee was a full participant, but that quickly changed. His elbow flared, sidelining Snee for the majority of the workouts.
Even when Snee is healthy, he isn’t the same player he used to be. The fact he’s already being held out of non-contact practices doesn’t bode well. Will Snee make it out of training camp? Will he hang up the cleats? If he realizes he can no longer play, who steps up at right guard? There are many questions on the Giants’ offensive line (William Beatty), but many center around the health of Chris Snee.
Snee was on the sideline for much of the Giants’ offseason workouts – © USA TODAY Sports Images
ON THE BUBBLE: Two names truly stick out: John Jerry and James Brewer. Since being considered an up-and-coming lineman for the Giants, James Brewer has yet to capitalize on the opportunities the team has given him. Now, he finds himself working with the third unit and his days in blue may be numbered. Jerry, meanwhile, is waiting to hear on his punishment for his involvement in the Miami Dolphins bully scandal. There’s a lot of hype around Jerry and talk he could be perfect in the Giants’ scheme, but his baggage may be enough to have the Giants pull the plug before even flipping the switch.
FROM THE POSITIONAL COACH: Pat Flaherty on the new faces in the offensive line meeting room: “Change is going to happen, we all know that. I like it, I really do. I mean, do I miss? You always miss people that you’ve been around for a lot of years, sure. But we all understand in most businesses that there is going to be change on sometimes a daily basis, most of the time on a yearly basis and that’s the profession that we’re in right now. So it’s a challenge because we have a mixture of youth and some veterans that come in from other teams that have to learn a whole new offense, as myself. Any time you have that type of… when you’re a competitor as you are as a player and a coach you kind of grab a hold of that and it’s fun. It is.”
Is John Jerry the answer if Chris Snee can’t go?– © USA TODAY Sports Images
Connor Hughes – I’m just not sold on the Giants’ offensive line yet. I like the addition of Geoff Schwartz, but that solidifies one of the five question marks from left to right. Of every player that could step foot on the field to protect Eli Manning, I have faith in two: Justin Pugh and Schwartz. J.D. Walton has battled injuries, William Beatty is a huge question mark, who goes for Snee if/when he can’t? John Jerry wasn’t exactly a stud in Miami, Brandon Mosley and others on the line haven’t shown much. The Giants made their splashes in free agency and the draft on the offensive side of the ball, adding weapon, after weapon, after weapon…but none will matter if Eli Manning isn’t protected. Last year, Manning ended up injured in the final game of the season. There’s a big part of me that believes he could end up with the same fate far sooner in 2014.
Eric Kennedy – I have to disagree with Connor a bit here and say the #1 question mark on the offensive line – and one of the top three question marks for the entire team – is Will Beatty. Coming off of a fractured leg and possibly an undisclosed knee injury, it remains to be seen when Beatty will be able to practice with the revamped first-team offensive line. He needs the practice. Not only to rebound from a very poor 2013 campaign, but also to develop chemistry and cohesion with LG Geoff Schwartz. The Giants can survive without Chris Snee, I’m not sure they can perform well without Beatty returning to his 2012 form. The “wild card” here is Charles Brown. He has talent, but was very inconsistent at left tackle in New Orleans.
My prediction is that J.D. Walton turns out to be a much more valuable addition to the team than many initially thought. He is a no-nonsense guy who will get the job done and bring some leadership to the unit. Walton and Geoff Schwartz will settle down the middle of the offensive line. I also look for Brandon Mosley to develop and possibly challenge for a starting spot.
STARTING LINE WEEK 1?
Connor Hughes – William Beatty (LT), Geoff Schwartz (LG), J.D. Walton (C), John Jerry (RG), Justin Pugh (RT).
Eric Kennedy – Will Beatty (LT), Geoff Schwartz (LG), J.D. Walton (C), Chris Snee (RG), Justin Pugh (RT). (I also think John Jerry, Charles Brown, Weston Richburg, and Brandon Mosley make the team).
Connor Hughes/BBI
Connor Hughes has been working in both the broadcasting and journalism fields for the last seven years. His work has been heard on WMCX, WBZC and Lenape District Television, while read on the pages of The Star-Ledger and The Burlington County Times. Connor can be reached via email ([email protected]) or on twitter (@Connor_J_Hughes)
Articles, Roster Breakdown Tagged with: Brandon Mosley, Charles Brown, Chris Snee, Geoff Schwartz, J.D. Walton, James Brewer, John Jerry, Justin Pugh, offensive line, Weston Richburg, Will Beatty
New York Giants Training Camp Schedule Announced Giants 2014 Positional Breakdown: Defensive Line
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Transcend Like a Butterfly, Sting Like a Bee
The moment that I learned that Muhammad Ali, renown civil rights activist and world champion boxer, passed away will be one that I will be able to recall 20 years from now. I know he had been dealing with Parkinson’s and other health issues for quite a while, but I must say, this is quite a blow to the gut...no pun intended. This year has seen so many people die, many before their time. It is as if Game of Thrones prepared us for the trauma of losing our beloved actors, musicians, architects, and hundreds of thousands of displaced Syrian refugees and Nigerian countrymen. I just wish we had dragons to ride. That might be good therapy, except for the people whose houses would inevitably be hit with flying dragon poop.
Anyway, to honor the passing of Muhammad Ali, I am going to honor him in a way that I only know how. I am going to punch anyone who says or insinuates that he “transcended race”.
This happens every time someone famous and black dies: someone in the _____ Times or _____ Post or _____ Caller writes an obituary and claims that the famous black person “transcended race”, as if race is a thing that can be transcended. When these celebrities were alive, people reminded them all the time of their race, because any accolades bestowed upon them usually started with the best black “_____” in his/her field. Prince was a successful black artist until he died, and then he transcended race. The same was said of Vanity, one of Prince’s many proteges. Michael Jackson supposedly transcended race. James Brown, too. The same was said of Maurice White of Earth, Wind, and Fire. Now you’d think that just having the surname of “White”, he had already transcended race, but perhaps his middle name was “Is Most Definitely Not”, so he had to die to transcend race.
The term “transcend race” is quite dubious. It sounds like a thing that you can do to upgrade yourself from a certain plane of existence. Maybe when you transcend race, you get special superpowers or something, as if people of color are ethnic Pokemon, and once we “transcend race” we get unlimited Privilege Mana or something. Our loan interest rates will be 10% lower than before. We can wear hoodies in residential neighborhoods without having to worry about getting shot by portly gun-toting wife beaters. We can hail cabs in any city...with our MINDS! No one will ask to touch our hair, because it’s transcended. Best of all, we won’t have to ask dumb questions about our ethnic group, as though we are the ambassadors to our perceived hive mind of The Coloreds.
Sadly, “Transcending race” means that enough white people liked what we did in life that they somehow forgot to be initially afraid of us, but they would probably call the cops on our non-famous relatives and friends in a heartbeat. Maybe they would even call the police on us. Just ask Etan Thomas. A white woman didn’t recognize that he was an NBA star, and wouldn’t let him sit next to her on a train, but two minutes later, she let a white man sit next to her. It’s OK, though, because the conductor was called, and his knowledge of Etan’s fame transcended the woman’s.
Regardless, the major flaw of transcending race is not that you don’t get Privilege powers when you unlock the achievement. It’s that you have to die to achieve the status.
For these reasons, it is time to honor the great Muhammad Ali by throwing blows when someone says he “transcended race”. Why did Ali’s death inspire this tribute? Because of all the brown people who have died in the last 10 years who “transcended race”, Muhammad Ali transcended it the least. He was born in his race. He relished in it. He embraced it with as much fervor as he did his boxing career. He’s like Bane of black people. Imagine him in a boxing ring in Gotham after punching out William F. Buckley in an ill-fitting Batman costume, taking the microphone and announcing, “Embrace your blackness, Gotham! Do not apologize for it.” When he changed his name, he vehemently admonished anyone who dared call him Cassius Clay. Muhammad Ali reminded you all the time that he was black. When he conscientiously objected to the draft, he didn’t run to Canada. He stood on his principals and said that he was not going to fight an “enemy” 1000 miles away. His enemy was right here in the United States, and it was the United States hypocritical justice system. He shut down people who accused him of being arrogant. When a woman called him arrogant at a press conference, he reminded her that she could move about the country as she wished, but his movements as a black man were restricted. Besides, of course he was arrogant! He’s the greatest of all time! Some of those who challenged that claim were literally knocked out. He was like Kanye West, except he could back up his claims. No white man would be brow beaten for such braggadocio. Women and black people get it all the time, though. Not once in life did Muhammad Ali “transcend race”. He was “unapologetically black”, which is another term that should be retired.
Not once in my 38 years has it dawned on me to apologize for my body’s ability to produce more melanin than 80% of the US population. I cannot control it. I was born like this. I don’t get back from a trip to the beach with darker skin and say, “Oh, sorry. I blacked all over the place. My bad.” There have, however, been plenty of times that people should have apologized for their reaction to my “blackness”, like when someone announced, “WOW, I never saw a blackey before”, when 13 year old me was in the lunch line at my all white middle school. There was the time two officers shoved 15 year old me against a wall and demanded I tell them where the drugs and weapons I never had were. They didn't apologize for disrupting my commute to school. And there are quite a few times when 22-, 27-, 30-, 34-, and 35-year old me were all questioned at work about my level of education and how I could POSSIBLY know the complex engineering work that I was hired to do, no one realizing that maybe I knew it because I HAVE AN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEGREE. But I digress...back to “transcending race”...
I cannot encourage anyone to honor Ali’s memory in the same fashion that I do. However, if you wish to emulate my style, do consider a gradient scale of how the person used the term “Transcend race”:
If someone simply reposted or retweeted an article or obituary where the term was used or paraphrased, perhaps only a little “love tap” to the stomach is necessary. Just enough that they feel like they might throw up, but not really.
If someone wrote the actual term “transcended race”, perhaps a little “stinging like a bee” would be necessary. How far they fly in the air should be determined by how many characters they used to say it. 140 characters deserves only a few feet. A full article deserves a full 10 feet.
For an anti-Muslim bigot loudmouth who then talks in volumes about how great Muhammad Ali was, I would beat to unconsciousness. Vitriolic genital wart word salad-shooter Donald Trump has been very vocal about his desire to ban Muslims from the country. He threw shade at Obama’s comments that Muslims are part of this society, and joked that there are no Muslim athletes. The day after Muhammad Ali died, he spoke his praises, as though he hadn’t been demonizing an entire religion for political gain. I feel like that deserves a good tolchok, Clockwork Orange style, as an appropriate STFU. You can’t just “he’s one of the good ones” someone for brownie points. I would say just wish people like that embarrassing diarrhea, but chances are they already have punishing digestive problems.
Muhammad Ali will be greatly missed. He was a rare gem who stuck to his principals, even when the weight of the entire US government threatened to crush him. Call him Black Atlas. Call him the Greatest of All Time. Call him a civil rights legend. Call him a fighter in every way. But say that he “transcended race”, and...well...I’ll at least provide you with some smelling salts to wake you up.
Labels: civil rights, Muhammad Ali, race, transcend
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You are here: Home » Local News » Community Calander
Community Calander
Sentinel News | June 30, 2012 | 0 Comments
Thru July
n Puppy Fun Class – San Diego Humane Society and SPCA. Training sessions to teach your puppy basic commands: greeting without jumping, leash walking and more. Puppies will also enjoy adventures such as splashing in wading pools, off-leash puppy play socialization, scavenger hunts and puppy massage. Registration required. For dates, times and locations, call 619-299-7012 x2247 or visit www.sdhumane.org.
n Head Start – San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, Central Campus – 5500 Gaines Street, San Diego.
This five-part introductory-level training class (for dogs and pups over four months old) will teach you the basics of positive reinforcement training techniques while your dogs learn good doggie behaviors. Pre-registration required. For more information, call 619- 299-7012 x2247 or visit www.sdhumane.org.
n Pajama Storytime at Mission Hills Branch Library. Children are invited to an evening story time with books and possibly singing and puppets. Feel free to come dressed in your pajamas from 6:30 – 7:00 p.m., 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n Preschool Storytime at Mission Hills Branch Library. Children are invited to a fun storytime with books and possibly singing and puppets from 10:30 – 11:00 a.m., 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n LEGO Playtime at Mission Hills Branch Library. Kids can have fun and get creative while building with LEGOs. 5:00-6:00 pm, 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n Jazz at the Park” – Park Hyatt Aviara Resort from 5:00 – 8:00 p.m., 7100 Aviara Resort Dr, Carlsbad. For tickets and information, visit www.jazzatthepark.com or call 760-448-1234.
Thru July and Aug.
n Stagecoach Days in Old Town San Diego State Historic Park. Celebrating travel and transportation in the era of real horsepower from noon to 4 p.m. The free event features a different theme each Saturday including Californio Day, Women of the West, Soldiers and Citizens, Twain Fest and Vaquero Day. For information, visit www.parks.ca.gov/ oldtownsandiego.
Thru Aug. 3
n Animal Adventure Camp – San Diego Humane Society and SPCA from 9 a.m. – 3 p.m., 5500 Gaines Street. Join us for games, crafts and hands-on animal activities to help children develop respect and a positive attitude toward all living beings. Children ages 5-13 may attend. Application is required. For information, call 619-243-3432, or e-mail edu@sdhumane.org.
Thru July 4
n The San Diego County Fair runs through Wednesday, July 4, 2012, and will be closed on Mondays except for July 2 at www.sandiegocoastlife.com/attractions/san-diego-coast/other-del-mar-fairgrounds.html” Del Mar Fairgrounds, 2260 Jimmy Durante Boulevard. Come to the Fair to explore outer space — the wonder of the universe and our efforts to explore it, as well as the fun and imaginative world of science fiction and visitors from other planets!
n Dos Equis Sunday Fun Day Summer Concert Series – 50th Anniversary at Paradise Point Barefoot Bar & Grill, located at 1404 Vacation Road, San Diego. Enjoy throwback drinks from the original 1962 menu and dine on nostalgic nibbles as 60s and 70s cover bands and classic films play. For information and band line up, visit www.paradisepoint.com/san-diego-dining-entertainment.php.
Thru Aug. 25
n Media Arts Center San Diego presents: Teen Producers Project, a video workshop for kids ages 14-18 from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., 2921 El Cajon Blvd., off the 805 Freeway in North Park. For information, call 619- 230-1938 x 10 or visit www.mediaartscenter.org.
n Annual Summer Junior Golf Camp at City Golf Club and Academy – A great opportunity for kids to learn the basics of golf, build a solid foundation of golf skills, and grow a passion for something that will have a positive effect on their lives. For information, contact Tomas Urtasun at tomas.urtasun@focuscominc.com or call 619-233-7778.
Thru Sep. 9
n MOPA Presents a Summer Workshop and Lecture Series. Hone your craft and get connected with workshops lead by some of San Diego’s most experienced photographers, as well as a special evening celebrating the adventures of three Union-Tribune photojournalists. For information, visit www.mopa.org.
Thru Sep. 29
n Summer Movies in the Park – the County program that shows great movies outdoors for free! For a complete schedule of events, visit www. summermoviesinthepark.com.
n Senior Monday: “The Amazing Journey of Lewis & Clark” at the Reuben H. Fleet Science Center. Enjoy the Science Center exhibits, lecture and an IMAX film for only $7. Take a journey across the country following the Lewis & Clark trail with author, Jim Thomas. Noon lecture and 2 p.m. IMAX® film.
n James Hunter, R&B/Soul at Anthology at 7:30 pm. Hunter has supported Aretha Franklin, Los Lonely Boys, Boz Scaggs and Van Morrison with his R&B and soul sound. For information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Anthology Artist: JESSY J, a Mexican-American contemporary jazz saxophonist will perform at 7:30 p.m. For information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n The Mission Hills Book Group will discuss Faust: Part One by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe froml 10:00- 11:00 a.m., 925 West Washington Street, San Diego.. New members are always welcome to attend and participate. Please read the book beforehand. Copies of the book are available at the Circulation Desk while supplies last. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n Summer Reading Program: Hullabaloo – Mission Hills Branch Library. Kids and the whole family will enjoy music by Hullabaloo. 10:30 am-11:30 am, 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. For more information, call 619-692-4910.
n The Friends of the Library will hold their monthly meeting at the Mission Hills Branch Library from 6:30-7:30 pm, 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. Everyone is welcome to attend. For more information, call 619-692-4910.
n Anthology Artist: Cheryl Bentyne of Manhattan Transfer, Tim Howe and Sweet Baby Jai perform at 7:30 p.m. For information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Mission Hills 19th Annual Concerts in the Park from 6 to 8 p.m. at Mission Hills/Pioneer Park, 1425 Washington Place. Ballad Mongers perform Celtic-rock dance music during the free concert. For information, visit www.missionhillsmsfoundation.org, or call (619) 296-8731.
n Harrah’s Rincon Casino & Resort presents George Lopez at the Open Sky Theater at 9 p.m. For tickets, call Ticketmaster at 800-745-3000, or visit www.ticketmaster.com. For information, visit www.harrahsrincon.com.
n Anthology Artist: LA based Vitalogy has been playing their wide repertoire of Pearl Jam music at Southern California’s top venues, festivals and events since 2006. The performance is at 9:30 p.m. For information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n GROSS OLYMPICS The Thrill of ICK-tory… the Agony of Smelly Feet from 10 a.m. to 3p.m. at the Science Fleet Museum in Balboa Park. Children 6-14 are invited to see who reigns supreme with the smelliest sneakers, loudest burp, and longest spitting distance, or, join a team relay competing to move a tennis ball through an “intestinal” tube the quickest. Space is limited so early arrival recommended. Participation is included with gallery admission.
n Book Time with Ronald McDonald at the Mission Hills Branch Library from 10:30-11:15 a.m., 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. Filled with magic, puppetry, and lots of laughs, Ronald McDonald shares his excitement for reading and introduces kids to a new concept, “Book Time,” which is the time we set aside each day to read. For more information, call 619-692-4910.
n Anthology – Artist: Phil Perry. A hugely successful solo career that includes a Grammy nomination and Male Vocalist of the Year at the SoulTracks Readers’ Choice Awards. 7:30pm & 9:30pm, for more information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Harrah’s Rincon Casino & Resort presents: Meat Loaf. Open Sky Theater at 9 p.m. For tickets, call Ticketmaster at 800-745-3000, or visit www.ticketmaster.com. For more information, visit www.harrahsrincon.com.
n Grand Reopening Reception of San Diego Sculptors Guild. 4:00 – 9:00 p.m., Spanish Village – Studio 36, 1770 Village Place, San Diego. For more information, call 619-238-0522.
n Anthology – Artist: Chuchito Valdes. The son of famed Cuban pianist Chucho Valdes and grandson of Bebo Valdes, Chuchito Valdes is the next part of a long legacy of legendary musicians. 7:00pm, Jazz / R&B, for more information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Anthology House Band – Jazz / R&B. 7:30pm, Jazz / R&B, for more information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Origami with Bruce Gemmell – Reuben H. Fleet Science Center. A flat sheet of material is transformed into a finished sculpture through folding and sculpting techniques; with basic origami folds to be combined in a variety of ways to make intricate designs. 4-7pm, participation is included with gallery admission.
n The Sky Tonight: “Astronomy & Science Fiction” – Reuben H. Fleet Science Center. Stunning full color visuals and incredibly realistic simulations of cosmic phenomena with our new state-of-the-art digital GSX™ projection system. A professional astronomer leads backyard stargazers through the universe. 7pm & 8:15pm.
n Anthology – Artist: Dori Caymmi, Brazilian Jazz, The son of famous Brazilian musicians has also scored tons of films and TV shows most notably Spike Lee’s Clockers. 7:30pm, for more information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n American Cancer Society Annual Discovery Gala: “Mission Under the Moon” – Guests will enjoy an evening under the stars, along with fine food, silent and live auctions and live musical entertainment. Cocktail attire is suggested. 5:30 p.m. at L’Auberge Del Mar Resort & Spa. For more information and reservations, call Vanessa Moos at 619-682-7425, or email Vanessa.moos@cancer.org.
n Summer Reading Program: Extreme Rahim – Mission Hills Branch Library. Extreme Rahim will entertain with magic, comedy, and ventriloquism. 10:30 am- 11:30 am, 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. For more information, call 619-692-4910.
n Anthology – Artist: Diamond is Forever – A Tribute to Neil Diamond. Fronted by showman David J. Sherry, is an 8-piece band out of San Diego County. 7:30pm, for more information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n SDSU’s College of Extended Studies presents a fall open house for its Professional Certificate in Meeting and Event Planning program 6-7:30 pm in the SDSU Extended Studies/Gateway Centers. Attendees will hear program instructors describe their courses, visit with industry associations, and network with professionals in the meeting and event planning field. For more information, email mabeyta@mail.sdsu.edu, call 619-594-1138 or visit www.neverstoplearning. net/meeting.
n Mission Hills 19th Annual Concerts in the Park from 6 to 8 p.m. at Mission Hills/Pioneer Park, 1425 Washington Place. The band Y3K performs dance music during the free concert. For information, visit www.missionhillsmsfoundation.org, or call (619) 296- 8731.
n Anthology – Sinatra & Martinis. An evening of classical Sinatra with San Diego entertainer Roman Palacios backed by the John Cain Orchestra. 7:30pm, for more information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Anthology – Haute Chile, Dance. Their live shows are known for their high energy and performance quality making them one of the most requested show bands in the country. 9:30pm, for more information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Harrah’s Rincon Casino & Resort presents Joe Cocker and Huey Lewis and The News at 9 p.m. at the Open Sky Theater. For tickets, call Ticketmaster at 800-745-3000, or visit www.ticketmaster.com. For information, visit www.harrahsrincon.com.
July 13 – Aug. 10
n Point Loma Summer Concerts presents Groovin, Swoonin and Croonin from 5:30 – 8:30 p.m. at Point Loma Park, 1049 Catalina Blvd. For a complete schedule, visit www.plconcerts.org.
July 14 & 15
n 55th Annual “Coinarama” Coin Show – The largest coin show south of Orange County will be held at the Scottish Rite Event Center, 1895 Camino del Rio South, Mission Valley. Dealers will offer investment-quality American and foreign coins and currency, ancient coins, precious metal bullion pieces, jewelry, reference books, and other collecting supplies. For information, visit www.coinarama.org.
n Anthology – Artist: Luscious Noise with members of the San Diego Symphony will perform at 7:00 p.m. For information, visit www.anthologysd.com.
n Children’s Storytime/Author Appearance – Mission Hills Branch Library, 6:30 to 7:00 p.m., 925 West Washington Street. Jennifer Werner will read her children’s book, “My Padres Baseball Game” and lead a craft time. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n El Fandango Restaurant, located at 2734 Calhoun in the Old Town State Historic Park, is holding a Tamale Cooking Class at 1 p.m. Cost is $15.00 per person. Session is limited to 10 people; RSVP is required. Call (619) 298-2861. Take home what you create.
July 18 – Sep. 5
n Del Mar Racetrack Free Summer Concert Series! For more information, call 858-755-1141 or visit
www.delmarscene.com.
n Project KEPPT Pet Food Bank – San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, 1-3 p.m., 5500 Gaines Street, San Diego. Please contact ahoang@sdhumane.org or call 619-299-7012 ext 2907 for program qualifications and details or visit www.sdhumane.org.
n Pet Photography Lecture – San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, 6:30 – 8 p.m., 5500 Gaines Street, San Diego. Learn techniques from professional photographer, Jen Petit, for capturing the individual beauty and personality of your animal companions. Please note classes are for people only – please leave your great pets at home. Register on-line at www.sdhumane.org or call 619-243-3424.
n Summer Reading Program: Sparkles the Clown – Mission Hills Branch Library from 10:30 to 11:30 a.m., 925 West Washington Street. Sparkles the Clown will make kids laugh and amaze them with incredible bubbles. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n Mission Hills 19th Annual Concerts in the Park from 6 to 8 p.m. at Mission Hills/Pioneer Park, 1425 Washington Place. The Heroes perform high energy dance music during the free concert. For information, visit www.missionhillsmsfoundation.org, or call (619) 296-8731.
July 20 thru Sept. 5
n Del Mar Racetrack fans will return to the Seaside Stage, located at the west end of the Grandstand, to catch shows held every Friday and select Saturdays and Sundays from July 18 through September 5. Del Mar’s concerts are FREE with racetrack admission purchased prior to the last race, an exceptional value as admission starts at just $3 for Diamond Club members (free to sign up) and $6 without Diamond Club membership. Admission for concertgoers entering after the final race is $20.
n Pet Loss Support Group – San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, 10 a.m., 5500 Gaines Street, San Diego. Open to ages 10 and up, including pet parents who are considering or preparing for euthanasia. For reservations and information, call 619-299-7012, x-2311 or visit www.sdhumane.org.
n Book Sale at the Mission Hills Branch Library, 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m., 925 West Washington Street. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n Children’s Craft Time – Mission Hills Branch Library. Kids can enjoy a fun craft time from 10:00 a.m. to noon, 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n Harrah’s Rincon Casino & Resort presents The Jacksons at 8 p.m. at the Open Sky Theater. For tickets, call Ticketmaster at 800-745-3000, or visit www.ticketmaster.com. For more information, visit www.harrahsrincon.com.
n Unleashed by Petco presents an Outdoor Pet Snow Park from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m., 304 East H Street, Chula Vista. Canines can play in the large leash-free snow park while pet parents keep cool with iced refreshments. In addition to the outdoor activities, there will be an indoor play area with air conditioning and free doggie ice cream for four-legged attendees.
n Canine Good Citizen at the San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, 5500 Gaines Street, San Diego. A seven-session intermediate-level obedience course geared towards passing the Canine Good Citizen certification test. The class may be taken with or without certification test. Space is limited, call 619- 299-7012 x2247 to register.
n The San Diego Woman’s Club presents Beach Bingo Bash Fundraiser from 1:00 to 4:00 p.m. in the Bankers Hill neighborhood. The proceeds will benefit “Words Alive,” a literacy program that seeks to make reading fun and enjoyable for youngsters from preschoolers to teens. Please RSVP with Diane at 619-708-9322.
n 20th Annual Sea Chantey Fest: “Songs of the Sea” from 11:00 a.m. to 4:45 p.m. at the Maritime Museum of San Diego. Visitors will enjoy sea chanteys and traditional folk music performed by popular local and national artists. For the schedule and to purchase tickets, visit www.sdmaritime.org.
n Pacific Children’s Theatre Summer Camp 2012, for students 6-16 years of age at Mission Hills United Church of Christ, 4070 Jackdaw Street, San Diego. Each session will feature four daily classes in acting, singing/music, dance, and art taught by teachers with degrees in their respective fields. For information call 619-920-2838 or visit pacificchildrenstheatre@ yahoo.com.
n Mission Hills Mystery Book Group at the Mission Hills Branch Library, 6:30-7:30 pm, 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. Please read the book beforehand. Copies of the book are available at the Circulation Desk while supplies last. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n Summer Reading Program: Craig Stone at the Mission Hills Branch Library. Craig Stone will entertain with magic and comedy from 10:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m., 925 West Washington Street, San Diego. For information, call 619-692-4910.
n 5th Annual Charity Dinner: After the Finish Line, “A Tribute to the Majesty of Thoroughbreds” with a reception, silent and live auctions and guest speakers from 5:30 – 9:30 p.m. at The Hilton Hotel – Del Mar. For tickets and information, call 858-945-1371 or visit www.afterthefinishline.org.
n Mission Hills 19th Annual Concerts in the Park from 6 to 8 p.m. at Mission Hills/Pioneer Park, 1425 Washington Place. Spectrum performs high energy dance music during the free concert. For information, visit www.missionhillsmsfoundation.org, or call (619) 296-8731.
n Harrah’s Rincon Casino & Resort presents Gladys Knight and Natalie Cole at 8 p.m. at the Open Sky Theater. For tickets, call Ticketmaster at 800-745-3000, or visit www.ticketmaster.com. For information, visit www.harrahsrincon.com.
n 4th Annual Roll Out the Barrel event benefiting Make-A-Wish San Diego from 6:00 to 10:00 p.m. at Humphrey’s Concerts by the Bay, 2441 Shelter Drive, San Diego. For tickets and information, visit www.makeawish-sd.org.
n Family Sleepovers on board the Star of India: Join us at 2:30 p.m. at The Maritime Museum of San Diego for an imaginary voyage back to the19th Century. Visiting passengers will have the opportunity to help set sail, move cargo, and stand watch aboard one of the most historically significant ships in the world. For information and reservations, call 619-234-9153 ext. 124 or visit www.sdmaritime.org.
n Harrah’s Rincon Casino & Resort presents The Last Summer on Earth Tour Starring Barenaked Ladies, Blues Traveler, Big Head Todd & The Monsters and Cracker at 7 p.m., Open Sky Theater. For tickets, call Ticketmaster at 800-745-3000, or visit www.ticketmaster.com. For information, visit www.harrahsrincon.com.
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Home Blog Executive Director Search
Executive Director Search
Stepping Back
Read Rachel's announcement of her stepping back as executive director and transitioning to a Senior Policy Analyst role at the Institute.
I’m writing to share some big news. Following five years as Executive Director, I have decided to take a step back from leadership of the Institute. I am grateful to have had the privilege of working with an incredible staff and Board to grow the organization over the last five years and am thankful to so many of you who have supported me. While my passion and commitment to the work have not changed, it is time for me to step aside to enable a new leader to bring their energy and passion to the Institute. With the support of the Board, I plan to transition to a part-time Senior Policy Analyst position starting January 1, 2021.
I will continue to support the work of EPI along with our Board of Directors and staff, who work tirelessly every day to improve the lives of Rhode Islanders through public policy. Together we’ve helped increase the minimum wage and the Earned Income Tax Credit. We’ve helped enact paid sick days for thousands of Rhode Islanders and have helped protect Medicaid so that 1 in 3 Rhode Islanders have easy access to low-cost health insurance and much more.
Together we’ve strengthened the Institute’s voice and coalitions around the state, deepened our commitment to racial equity, combined data with powerful stories, and engaged more Rhode Islanders in policy change. Our collective efforts have been done with a love for the Ocean State and a strong commitment to improve the lives of all who live here.
As Rhode Island works to address the damage done by COVID-19, the entrenched impact of systemic racism, and the economic recession, the Institute is poised to help create systemic changes that lead to a more just and equitable Rhode Island. This is the right time for the Board to find new leadership for the Institute during a critical moment in our evolution. It is also the right time for me to step back a bit to have more time to balance my family obligations.
I have the utmost confidence in our strong and diverse Board of Directors, led by the wonderful Carolyn Mark, to guide the Institute through a smooth leadership transition and to select an amazing new leader for this critical organization. We have engaged NPAG, an executive search firm, to help lead a national search and will share more information in the coming weeks about what that process will look like.
Thank you for your partnership and support and I look forward to continuing to work for economic justice together.
Rachel Flum
Exciting Opportunity to Lead Our Team
The Economic Progress Institute, a non-partisan, non-profit research and advocacy organization working to improve economic security and opportunity for Rhode Islanders, invites applications and nominations in the search for its next Executive Director.
The Institute is seeking a leader to collaboratively set a vision for the next stage of its work, building on its strong reputation on issues impacting the economic vitality of Rhode Island residents and the state, and carrying forward a deep commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in all aspects of its internal operations and public-facing work. The incoming Executive Director will be the lead spokesperson for the Institute, promoting issues to audiences including funders, elected officials, and the media, while uplifting community organizations and voices. They will be responsible for the overall management of the organization and will work with the staff and Board of Directors to establish and implement strategic direction and the annual work plan, ensuring that the organization continuously improves its policies and practices in a manner consistent with its DEI commitment. The Executive Director will collaborate with the board to lead ongoing fund development and ensure strong fiduciary oversight of the budget and operations
CLICK HERE TO READ THE FULL DESCRIPTION & APPLY
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Wanderlust | Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden
In Wanderlust, Shannon Roxborough, Garden Variety’s founding editor-in-chief, introduces GV readers to gardens, arboretums, parkland and other destinations across the U.S and around the world that appeal to gardeners, outdoor lovers and natural foodies.
Winter may be approaching in North America, but in the Southern Hemisphere summer is in full swing and South Africa’s “floral kingdom” basks in its glow.
On South Africa’s hook-shaped Cape Peninsula, sun-splashed vineyards, bountiful fruit orchards, bucolic farmland, near-pristine forests, and magnetic beaches, all vie for nature lovers’ attention in an area roughly the size of New York City. But the jewel in the region’s outdoor crown is Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, which botanists consider to be one of the world’s great treasure troves of plant life. Dramatically sprawling across 1,300 acres between the lush eastern slopes of Table Mountain and the shores of the South Atlantic Ocean in the city of Cape Town, Kirstenbosch combines surreal scenery and horticultural splendor like no where else on the continent. Created in 1913 on land once owned by Cecil Rhodes, the garden now displays some 7,000 species of native plants, including camphor and fig trees planted by the British colonist and philanthropist at the end of the 19th-century and portions of a wild almond and thorny bramble hedge put in as a natural fence in 1660 by Cape Town’s Dutch founder, Jan van Riebeeck. Wildlife abounds in the garden’s natural forest: some 125 types of feathered friends call it home, as do a number of mammal, reptile, amphibian and invertebrate species. The multi-room conservatory is filled with heat-loving specimens and the fragrance garden offers the sensory pleasures of aromatic flowers and scented leaves. Guided tours showcase why Kirstenbosch has snagged 33 coveted gold medals (for indigenous floral display) at London’s prestigious Chelsea Flower Show. There are also temporary art exhibits and a seasonal concert series featuring a variety of South African musical talent. sanbi.org/gardens/kirstenbosch.
If You Plan to Visit
Known as “The Mother City,” multicultural Cape Town—where Afrikaner, Xhosa, British, French, Italian, Portuguese, Indian and Jewish people coexist in the post-Apartheid era—provides a unique vacation experience. Besides being chocked full of diverse lodging, dining, shopping and dining and entertainment options and a bevy of opportunities for outdoor junkies, the historically rich city has much to offer travelers with GV readers’ sensibilities, from The Company’s Garden, a heritage site that was originally a slave-worked produce farm established in 1652 to feed the Dutch East India Company fleet, to Willowbridge Slow Market, a weekly Saturday set-up brimming with local and traditional natural and organic foods.
Learn more: Capetown.travel is the official website of Cape Town Tourism.
—Shannon Roxborough
GV editor Shannon Roxborough, a veteran writer and journalist, has covered everything from renewable energy, sustainable agriculture and conservation-focused tourism to eco-friendly furniture, green fashion and organic wine. A former international consultant, newspaper columnist and magazine correspondent, he has written about destinations in all 50 states and more than 60 countries.
Photos courtesy of Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Senior Travel Expert, Baphumelele, Sherry Lachelle Photography, Stephan van Vuuren, Atul Sikand and Cape Town Tourism.
A Burning Issue and the Virtues of a Garden Assistant
Bookworm | Beatrix Potter’s Gardening Life
VisitSiena
beautiful photos :)!!
alvason
Just lovely! My wife and I visited on holiday in 1972 – amazing place, amazing area and a wonderful country. Go there if you can!
Lovely photos … one of my favourite botanical gardens, such a stunning setting…. and where I’ll be spending Christmas this year.
kbandaruk
katharinetrauger
Oh, this is stunning! Thanks so much for sharing this and all the work that went into it!
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2nd south carolina regiment
The 2nd North Carolina Regiment was an American infantry unit that was raised for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.In 1776 the regiment helped defend Charleston, South Carolina. In 1776 the regiment helped defend Charleston, South Carolina. The 2nd South Carolina Infantry became one of the elite units of Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. [1] Adopted 4 November 1775 into the Continental Army. [citation needed], In July 1863, the 2nd and the rest of Montgomery's brigade moved to Morris Island off the South Carolina coast. The 2nd South Carolina Regiment was raised on June 6, 1775 [citation needed], at Charleston, South Carolina, for service with the Continental Army.. Beginning in January of 1861, ten companies formed what was designated as the 2nd South Carolina (Palmetto) Regiment. The 2nd South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment (Colored) was an African-American infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. and the Siege of Charleston. [5], The 2nd South Carolina was involved in the subsequent operations against Fort Sumter and the defenses of Charleston until January 29, 1864. Adopted November 4, 1775 into the Continental Army. The shape of the crescent was based on the badges Moultrie’s soldiers wore on their caps. While many men readily agreed to military service, dozens were compelled by the Army to obey conscription notices. The 2nd South Carolina Regiment, 1775-1780 A Storied Legacy of Honor and Sacrifice _ At the request of the Continental Congress, the Provincial Congress of South Carolina met in June of 1775 to raise two regiments of infantry. It was among the scores of units raised starting in the middle of the war to augment Federal troop strength by tapping into the large Southern population of former slaves. 15 talking about this. 2d SOUTH CAROLINA REGIMENT [Infantry] LINEAGE [Wright, Continental Army, pp. The 2nd Regiment, South Carolina Rifles was organized as a regiment April 27, 1862. On November 23, 1776 the regiment was assigned to the 2nd South Carolina Brigade, Southern Department, and was relieved on 26 August 1778 and placed in the 1st South Carolina Brigade, and again moved to McIntosh's Brigade on June 15, 1779 and then moved to Huger's Brigade on September 14, 1779. [4], While in Florida, the regiment was disbanded and subsequently reorganized as the 34th Infantry Regiment, U.S. Company G attached to Ripley’s Brigade, Brigade, Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. Bonham of South Carolina. Companies A-F of this regiment were first organized in October and November, 1861, and were temporarily attached to the 1st Orr's Regiment South Carolina Rifles until Deceber 10, 1861, when the 5th (also known as the 1st and as Moore's) Battalion South Carolina Rifles was formed of these companies. TRENDING: Louisiana AG Confirms Arrest of Dem Councilman in Alleged Voter Fraud Scheme. The 2nd South Carolina Regiment was raised on June 6, 1775, at Charleston, South Carolina, for service with the Continental Army. On November 4, 1775 the regiment was adopted by the Continental Army, and on February 27, 1776 it was assigned to the Southern Department. 2nd South Carolina Cavalry Regiment. 30 Personen sprechen darüber. Das Regimentssystem der United States Army engl. Assigned February 27, 1776 to the Southern Department. For the American Civil War unit, see 2nd Infantry (2nd Palmetto Regiment). The 2nd South Carolina Volunteers participated in as many, if not more, battles than any other regiment on either side of the war. When the flag designed by … DISCLAIMER: The 2nd South Carolina Rifles does not promote hate in any fashion nor belongs to or associates with any hate related groups, parties or organizations. The 2nd South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment (Colored) was an African-American infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The 2nd South Carolina Regiment was raised on June 6, 1775, at Charleston, South Carolina, for service with the Continental Army. The regiment was disbanded on November 15, 1783. 305-307] Authorized 6 June 1775 in the South Carolina State Troops as the 2d South Carolina Regiment. 1865. This regiment was called into State service about April 9, 1861 for twelve months. Rank: PrivateCompany: EUnit Served: 2nd Regiment, South Carolina Infantry (2nd Palmetto Regiment)Cemetery and Address: Quaker … South Carolina: south-carolina: Amaziah Whitman Gentry: Rank: PrivateCompany: FUnit Served: South Carolina Battalion InfantryCemetery and Address: Starr Baptist Church Cemetery Starr, … South Carolina: south-carolina: Andres/Andreas Rodriguez/Rodriges: … The regiment was captured by the British Army at Charleston on May 12, 1780, together with the rest of the Southern Department. Organized in summer 1775 at Charleston to consist of ten companies from eastern South Carolina. Our group of men, women and children desire to bring the era of our nation’s birth to life through battle reenactments and living history demonstrations. The regiment later helped loot and burn the coastal town of Darien, Georgia, despite the fact that it was undefended and offered no resistance. (The South Carolina Historical Society). The regiment was disbanded on November 15, 1783. About April 9, 1865, the 2nd (Palmetto) Regiment Infantry was consolidated with the 20th Regiment South Caroina Infantryand a part of Blanchard's South Carolina Reserves and formed the new 2nd Regiment S… Jeder aktive Soldat der US-Army sowie Reservist der US-Army Reserve und Army National Guard wird durch dieses System einem Regiment oder einem speziellen Korps zugeordnet. Richland. October-November: Assigned to the Trapier’s Brigade, Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. Jones, and Major Artemis D. Goodwin. Colonel K.P. Schon in seiner frühesten Jugend kam Shaw durch die einflussreichen Kontakte seines Vaters mit dem Kreis um Ralph Waldo Emerson in Kontakt, den Transzendentalisten. The regiment was captured by the British Army at Charleston on May 12, 1780, together with the rest of the Southern Department. This battle saved Charleston from invasion for the next several years, and handed the British fleet their first loss in over a century. It was mustered into state service on … Its date is known as Carolina Day in the state, and the palmetto logs the regiment used for the fortress were added to the Moultrie Flag used to rally the troops, creating the Flag of South Carolina. I've also been a high school music/history teacher for … Das Regiment gehörte 1861 zu BrigGen Milledge L. *Bonham‘s Brigade (First Brigade: 11th North Carolina, 2nd South Carolina; 3rd South Carolina; 7th South Carolina; 8th South Carolina). It was among the scores of units raised starting in the middle of the war to augment Federal troop strength by tapping into the large Southern population of former slaves. Brief History of Regiment: This regiment was created due to the split of the original Spartan Regiment. "A History of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry: 1861-65" by Mac Wyckoff (Sergeant Kirkland's Museum and Historical Society, Inc., 1994, 278 pages), is a vivid and stirring account of this hard fighting regiment that fought in the Army of Northern Virginia in General Joseph Kershaw's Brigade. Date(s): Known Battles / … Col. Moultrie took command of Sullivan's Island on March 2, 1776, which included a garrison of 413 men of the 2nd South Carolina Regiment of Infantry and 22 men of the 4th South Carolina Regiment, artillery. Der junge Shaw wurde von seinen Eltern nach Europa gesc… The 2nd South Carolina was a part of the Raid at Combahee Ferry in which 800 slaves were freed. The 2nd was attached initially to the Districts of Hilton Head and Beaufort, S.C., Tenth Army Corps, Department of the South. The 2nd North Carolina Regiment was an American infantry unit that was raised for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The 2nd South Carolina Regiment was raised on June 6, 1775, at Charleston, South Carolina, for service with the Continental Army.[1][2][3]. Organized in summer 1775 at Charleston to consist of ten companies from eastern South Carolina. This battle was vital to the entire war, and became symbolic of liberty in South Carolina. Isaac DuBose and Samuel DuBose served as officers in the 2nd South Carolina Regiment during the American Revolution. One source claims that its name was the Tyger Regiment. They took part in the expedition to James Island from July 7–17, and skirmished with Confederates at Grimball's Landing on July 16. Colored Troops on February 8, 1864. Company A “Governor’s Guard”— Captain William H. Casson. The Regiment was captured by the British Army at Charleston on May 12, 1780. This battle saved Charleston from invasion for the next several years, and handed the British fleet their first loss in over a century. Revolutionary War South Carolina Muster Rolls Horry County Historical Society Muster Roll of Capt. From the description of 2nd South Carolina Regiment order book, 1777-ca. The Sumter Volunteers were organized on January 7, 1861.The company was called up to serve on active duty on April 8, 1861. WorldCat record id: 32140966 "A History of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry: 1861-65" by Mac Wyckoff (Sergeant Kirkland's Museum and Historical Society, Inc., 1994, 278 pages), is a vivid and stirring account of this hard fighting regiment that fought in the Army of Northern Virginia in General Joseph Kershaw's Brigade. The background would remain indigo, it said, because Revolutionary soldiers wore uniforms of the same color, dyed with the indigo plant. It moved to Hilton Head, and then to Jacksonville, Florida, on February 5–7. The crescent — not a moon, but a badge worn by members of the 2nd South Carolina Regiment — was historically accurate, so it too would remain in the same position. It gained notoriety among certain quarters for it… For the American Civil War unit, see 2nd Infantry (2nd Palmetto Regiment). Charleston, S.C., August 7, 1863", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2nd_South_Carolina_Volunteer_Infantry_Regiment_(Colored)&oldid=968587512, African-American military units and formations of the American Civil War, Military units and formations established in 1863, Military units and formations disestablished in 1864, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 July 2020, at 08:26. Assigned to Robertson’s Brigade, Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. The regiment is actively recruiting members from Virginia through the Carolinas. In June 1863, Montgomery's brigade, including the 2nd South Carolina and the 54th Massachusetts Infantry under Col. Robert Gould Shaw, participated in operations along the Atlantic Coast resembling his earlier Jayhawking raids in Kansas and Missouri. When the flag designed by the fort's commander, Colonel William Moultrie, was shot down, one of the regiment, William Jasper, grabbed it and held it aloft, rallying the troops until a stand could be provided. Company B “Butler’s Guards”— Captain Augustus P Hoke, Greenville. The regiment, accompanied by Harriet Tubman, participated in the Raid at Combahee Ferry in which roughly 800 slaves were freed. It was mustered into the Confederate States service May 22, 1861, and re-organized for the war in May, 1862. [1] This operation was part of the Union strategy to damage the Confederate states' ability to supply food and materials towards their war effort.[2]. They were mustered out of the army on February 28, 1866. Ebenso wurde er im Geiste des Christentums und des Abolitionismus erzogen. Diese bildete im Juli 1861 die vorgeschobene Sicherungslinie bei *Fairfax Court House / Virginia, die am 17.7.1861 von der Vorhut McDowell's angegriffen wurde (vgl. Brief History of Regiment: Placeholder: Authorized June 6, 1775 in the South Carolina Provincial Troops as the 2nd South Carolina Regiment. Many of the men from the old 2nd South Carolina later participated in the Battle of Honey Hill. 1929. Lexington, South Carolina I wear many hats in the 2nd Regiment: President, Serjeant, researcher, clothier, and general pain-in-the-neck. United States Army Regimental System (USARS) ist seit 1981 die Festlegung der Regimentsstruktur in der US-Army. The Battle of Sullivan's Island saw the British fail to capture a partially constructed palmetto palisade from Col. Moultrie's militia regiment on June 28, 1776. It gained notoriety among certain quarters for its actions during the controversial looting and burning of the pro-Confederate town of Darien, Georgia. The regiment is actively recruiting members from Virginia through the Carolinas. The regiment and its role in burning Darien are featured in the 1989 Civil War film Glory. The 2nd South Carolina Infantry Regiment was organized near Richmond under the command of Colonel Joseph B. Kershaw, Lt. Many references assert that the name of this regiment was the Fair Forest Regiment. The 2nd participated in the siege operations on Morris Island against Forts Wagner and Gregg from July 18 until September 7, when the Confederate defenders abandoned the two forts and withdrew. It was the main unit involved in the successful defense of Fort Moultrie at the Battle of Sullivan's Island. _ Welcome to the web site of the 2nd South Carolina Regiment. About January 11, 1862, Company G was added to the battalion, which was increased to a regiment April 27, 1862, by the additio… The 2nd North Carolina Regiment was an American infantry unit that was raised for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The regiment saw action at the Siege of Savannah and the Siege of Charleston. 2nd Infantry Regiment [also called 2nd Palmetto Regiment] completed its organization near Richmond, Virginia. [6], 2nd Regiment South Carolina Volunteer Infantry (African Descent), List of Union South Carolina Civil War Units, "The University of Georgia, Carl Vining Institute of Government", "Letter of Gen. Wilmot G. DeSaussure to Gov. On February 11, 1780 it was consolidated with the 6th South Carolina Regiment. 2nd South Carolina Regiment. Called 2nd Palmetto Regiment ) moved to Hilton Head and Beaufort, S.C., Tenth Army Corps Department... 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To join George Washington 's main Army in February 1777, the Regiment was called up to serve active... Charleston from invasion for the next several years, and general pain-in-the-neck s soldiers wore their! Successful defense of Fort Moultrie at the Battle of Sullivan 's Island ( USARS ) ist seit 1981 die der. Next several years, and became symbolic of liberty in South Carolina fleet their first loss in a..., 1861.The company was called into State service about April 9, 1861 compelled., while in Florida, on February 11, 1780 was a part of the Southern Department burning the... Of South Carolina State Troops as the 34th Infantry Regiment, accompanied by Harriet Tubman, participated in Battle! Das Regimentssystem der United States Army engl May, 1862 ( Sturgis ) Shaw wore 2nd south carolina regiment... This Battle saved Charleston from invasion for the American Civil War film Glory the badges Moultrie ’ Brigade! And Hilton Head and Beaufort, S.C., Tenth Army Corps, Department South...
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2nd south carolina regiment 2021
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