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UpNewsEventsPhD Defences
The strength of Twente’s photonics ecosystem
See News
Super-fast internet, self-driving cars, uncrackable security systems, new medical applications: the fast-growing field of photonics is at the heart of these and many other innovations. Today the University of Twente is hosting some of the most important scientists and industrial figures in the photonics world. During the World Technology Mapping Forum they will set the long-term agenda for this domain in order to accelerate innovation. Three photonics researchers at the UT's MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology talk about the opportunities offered by photonics, and explain the strength of the university’s photonics ecosystem.
Electronics are at the foundation of most of the innovations of the past 50 years, but we are gradually reaching its technical limits. If we want better, faster, and more energy-efficient equipment then we will have to send and receive data using photons – light particles – instead of electrons. This is because photons can carry many times more information than electrons and with far lower losses. Klaus Boller defines photonics as “the acquisition, processing, and communication of information using light.”
Key enabling technology
Sonia Garcia Blanco agrees: “Photonics is a key enabling technology that makes numerous other innovations possible – things like faster and better data communication, low-energy data centres, and new methods of detecting disease.” However, the use of photons demands completely new chips and components. Many of these components are already under development, but now that the technology is starting to mature Garcia Blanco feels that global standards need to be set to help accelerate these developments. “The Forum is helping to close the gap between the promise and the reality.”
“When developing electronics, Moore’s Law tends to govern innovation,“ explains Pepijn Pinkse. In his opinion, the road map that was drawn up during the first World Technology Mapping Forum – and which will be discussed and updated this year at the University of Twente – fulfils a comparable role in his professional field. “There needs to be a shared destination, so that scientists, and especially industrial parties, know what they’re aiming for.”
Boller adds: “The roadmap is absolutely not a way of fragmenting the market; it reflects the latest scientific and technological developments, including bottlenecks and business opportunities. For scientists it is a yardstick of the social relevance of their research, and for companies and authorities it is an excellent guide for focusing investment.”
Because of the complexity of photonic components, pure research scientists and engineers need to work together. In Pinkse’s view this is precisely Twente’s strength. “The University of Twente employs the country’s largest concentration of optical research workers, and we have a unique level of collaboration with the industry. Some important companies in the field have arisen from the university. Our scientific research means that we have a better understanding of how photonic systems operate at the fundamental level, and this knowledge allows industrial parties to innovate in a more focused way.” According to Pinkse, the University of Twente also plays an essential role in training a new generation of photonics scientists and engineers. “Our students are in enormous demand.”
In photonic applications light has to be generated, processed and detected at an extremely small scale. One of the most important materials or ‘platforms’ for these operations is silicon nitride. According to Boller this platform first arose, twenty years ago, at the University of Twente, the result of curiosity-driven, open-ended research. “Over the years a lot of research work has been done on it, so its characteristics are now well known and it has become a very reliable platform. The power of this platform is that you can store light extremely well on a very small surface.”
Combinatory power
Despite the power of the silicon nitride platform, in Boller’s view no single platform is ideal. “Every platform has its advantages and disadvantages. You can’t make a car out of steel, plastic or aluminium alone, and for photonic applications – for which complexity is essential – you also have to combine different platforms onto a single chip.” This process is termed packaging, and in Boller’s view this combinatory power is the strength of the Twente photonics ecosystem.
“Packaging is the key to developing new photonic applications, because it’s an essential step in serial production,” Garcia Blanco adds. “And Twente excels in packaging.” As an example she mentions the newly-launched company Phix, which Develops advanced assembly and packaging processes to produce photonic modules on a large scale. “This sort of development is a crucial step forward for photonic applications.”
Boller, Garcia Blanco and Pinkse
Professor Klaus Boller leads the research group Laser Physics and Nonlinear Optics (LPNO), whose projects include working on new light sources for chip-based photonic applications. “In this field it’s critical to be able to control the information carrier, light, as tightly as possible. We want to make the light we create ‘supercoherent’.” Boller recently set a world record; working together with the company Lionix, he developed the world’s most narrowband diode laser on a chip.
Dr Sonia M. Garcia-Blanco is an Associate Professor in the Optical Sciences (OS) research group, specializing in the development of novel active photonic materials, integration processes and devices for applications in different fields, such as disease diagnostics and monitoring. She has worked on a new diagnostic aid to detect cancer biomarkers; on a portable device that detects Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes at an early stage; and on chip-mounted sensors that can monitor the quality of drinking water.
Professor Pepijn Pinkse is in the Complex Photonic Systems (COPS) research group, working on nanophotonics and quantum optics. His research activities include work on uncrackable quantum-based security solutions, on extremely thin fiber systems that allow imaging within blood vessels; and on fundamental research into methods for securely distributing cryptographic keys to enable secure communications. He recently succeeded in sending over 10 bits of information using a single photon.
Tue 16 Jul 2019Veni grant for Monika Kuffer and Derya Demirtas
Tue 16 Jul 2019ITC contributes to drone test lab project UIVER
Tue 16 Jul 2019Dennis van Zijl appointed as Director Finance at University of Twente
Fri 12 Jul 2019Nano brush will 'smell' food freshness
Wed 10 Jul 2019Peter-Paul Verbeek new chairman UNESCO commission
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Treatment target pinpointed for liver cancer in young adults
UW Medicine | Newsroom | July 3, 2019
Diseased liver sample from a fibrolamellar carcinoma patient shows tumor cells (pink) in the center surrounded by the fibrotic tissue (streaked with green) characteristic of FLC
Mitchell H. Omar
Dr. Raymond Yeung
New findings show how a genetically aberrant, fused protein promotes a rare form of liver cancer in adolescents and young adults. The researchers also saw that a certain mix of drugs could target the fused protein and the enzymes that it recruits. In the lab, this drug combination slowed down the uncontrolled growth of cells carrying the liver cancer mutation.
While the potential treatment approach needs further testing in animal models and in cancerous human liver cells, the early results are encouraging. This preliminary research project was published in eLife.
Dr. Kimberly J. Riehle
“There is a great need to improve treatment for patients with this form of liver cancer, called fibrolamellar carcinoma or FLC,” said John D. Scott, professor and chair of pharmacology at the University of Washington, who was the senior author on the paper.
The lead researchers were Rigney E. Turnham, who recently received her Ph.D. in pharmacology from the UW, and F. Donelson Smith, research assistant professor of pharmacology at the UW School of Medicine. The study involved several other scientists, and included a collaboration with Raymond S.W. Yeung, professor of surgery and founder of the Liver Tumor Clinic at UW Medical Center, and Kimberly J. Riehle, associate professor of surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery and a Seattle Children’s Hospital surgeon. MORE
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← Dr. Benjamin Anderson Honored with WGHA Pioneers of Global Health Award ← Patient with bile duct cancer receives rare transplant
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Partly cloudy skies. Low 77F. SSE winds at 15 to 25 mph, decreasing to 5 to 10 mph..
Partly cloudy skies. Low 77F. SSE winds at 15 to 25 mph, decreasing to 5 to 10 mph.
Kimiko Fieg
A driver stopped at a red light ignores Orsak, holding a sign that says "Need Gas." Orsak said drivers often ignore, stop far away, roll up windows and on one occasion throw food at her while she's flying a sign. Even though she and her seven children are no longer homeless, Orsak must continue to fly a sign to pay for food, gas, and other basic needs for her family until she finds a steady job.
Angela Piazza | apiazza@vicad.com
In a Victoria motel parking lot, Zoey Bowman sits on the ground and pouts in front of her mother's minivan in September. The 5-year-old was told she could not bring a lightsaber toy into her family's rented room because an ill-tempered brother would use it to instigate a fight.
Zoey looks at Halloween decorations throng the window of Dollar Tree while her mother and sister attempt to collect enough donation money to rent a motel room for the night.
Sister Rebecca Janacek community director at Promise Point moved to Victoria a little over a month ago to oversee the day to day operations of the new transitional living facility for the chronically homeless.
Evan Lewis | elewis@vicad.com
Victoria Advocate Editorial
Editorial: Victoria can't ignore affordable housing crisis any longer
By the Advocate Editorial Board
City of Victoria officials need to open their eyes to the role they can play in the affordable housing crisis plaguing our community.
This is by no means a simple problem that anyone should expect government alone to fix. But city leaders can take the lead in, first, acknowledging the problem exists and, next, accepting they have a job to do in addressing it.
One simple, key step the city needs to take immediately is to form a quasi-governmental committee to work with nonprofit and business leaders to identify ways to boost housing that people can afford. This is a move that would cost zero tax dollars but would provide some of the leadership needed to address the city’s critical housing shortage.
The need ought to be painfully apparent to anyone looking at what’s “Hidden in Plain Sight” –the title of this newspaper’s ongoing special series about economic inequality intensified by Hurricane Harvey. About half of the community’s renters spend more than 30 percent of their income on housing. The 30 percent figure is a widely accepted percentage for a household to be financially stable.
When households are financially vulnerable, whether to hurricanes or medical catastrophes, the community suffers greatly. For example, one of the first expenses people cut is health insurance. Along with leaving families vulnerable, the lack of health insurance hits Victoria County taxpayers hard. Last year, the county-owned Citizens Medical Center saw its charity care costs soar 33 percent.
Many other compelling fiscal arguments abound. Prevention is much cheaper than law enforcement and other public costs incurred when families and individuals suffer. For example, a commission in Central Florida estimated that the region spends $31,000 a year per homeless person because of the costs of law enforcement, jail stays, hospitalization and emergency room visits. By comparison, it costs $10,000 to put that same person experiencing homelessness into a house and give him or her a caseworker.
Some City Council members have argued the government has no place in providing housing. This is highly selective reasoning. The same council members have no qualms about spending millions of dollars to build a new road – Placido Benavides Drive – because they think it will spur retail sales. Since it was founded in 1982, the public-private partnership known as the Victoria Economic Development Corp. has received up to several hundred thousands of tax dollars each year because the city and county hope this investment will generate new jobs.
During the past decade, council members have spent about $1 million supporting the Texas Zoo because they think the educational and entertainment opportunities it provides are important to Victoria’s quality of life. Shortly before Hurricane Harvey hit, council members also decided to take on the operation of the financially struggling Riverside Golf Course because this is considered an essential city amenity. Another significant public expense each year is the annual street party known as Bootfest.
The list of choices for spending goes on and on. All of the items listed above come with strong arguments supporting the public investment. Not one is stronger than the argument for a city investing in the basic need of adequate shelter for its residents.
The good news is many of the steps the city can take don’t have to cost money. For one, the city could examine ways to boost the number of affordable rental units by removing barriers to construction, such as offering incentives for development through density bonuses, tax abatements or fee waivers. The Washington Area Housing Partnership is one of many examples of a public-private partnership promoting affordable housing. The city, county and the Golden Crescent Regional Planning Commission should study the toolkit offered by the Washington partnership and look around the country for other best practices.
Considered creatively, this effort could coincide with other city priorities, such as revitalizing downtown. Affordable housing doesn’t have to mean only subsidized or big apartment buildings. Instead, the city could offer incentives for the development of duplexes, triplexes or fourplexes in existing single-family neighborhoods such as downtown, where experts agree a higher population density is needed to support more businesses there.
To get started, the city needs to understand that thoughtful and reasonable governmental policies are a hand up, not a handout, to those in need. The middle class is the backbone of every community, and Victoria’s working class is being strained beyond its limits. If the city doesn’t act soon and smartly, the crisis will only deepen.
If that happens, what’s hidden in plain sight will become impossible to ignore.
This opinion reflects the views of the Victoria Advocate’s editorial board.
PART 2: 'Willful blindness': After Harvey, a Victoria family feels forgotten
Although dozens of cars whiz past her every day, sometimes Devan Orsak believes the people around her pretend she doesn’t exist.
PART 1: Hurricane Harvey exposed the gap between people who could afford to rebuild — and everyone else
The bleach fumes make Angelica Castaneda’s eyes burn, but watery eyes are better than her children falling ill because of mold. Wearing athletic shorts and a teal T-shirt, the 30-year-old splashes a gallon of bleach onto baseboards in what used to be her children’s play area – a room, now covered in water stains, where a fan dangles precariously from the ceiling.
Tiny homes offer one solution to big problem
To passers-by on rural U.S. 59, the brick house on the outskirts of Victoria looks like any other country home.
Victoria apartment complex awarded $18 million to repair Harvey damage
A Victoria affordable housing complex will get more than $18 million to repair lasting damage from Hurricane Harvey, a state agency announced …
Young professionals gather for roundtable discussion on city, opportunities, concerns (w/video)
Young professionals in Victoria need representation and for their voices to be heard, they say.
City of Victoria wants to apply for $750K grant to help low-income homeowners
For many in Victoria, the fight to recover after Hurricane Harvey isn’t over.
Council to discuss aid for affordable housing builders
Victoria developers hoping to build affordable housing for families and senior citizens could soon be asking the City Council for their endorsement.
Victoria housing crisis demands attention, action
Hurricane Harvey devastated the most vulnerable in our community.
Housing after Harvey (w/video)
Laurie Avila, 43, said she never expected to be living in a tent in her front yard.
Harvey devastates homeowners without insurance
Aubrey De La Garza, 3, whimpered as she plucked a purple toy alligator from what was left of her mother's bedroom.
Time to build affordable housing
All people deserve an affordable place to live, but sadly that is not the case in Victoria.
Families struggle with evictions, search for affordable housing
Three weeks before Hurricane Harvey sped toward Texas, a Victoria couple received an eviction notice on their apartment door.
11 years have passed since affordable housing was built in Victoria; advocates say change needed
It wasn’t long ago that developers were busy building hundreds of new rental units, the biggest boom that Victoria, a city of 67,000, had seen since the 1980s.
'There's just not a silver bullet': How Waco is working together to improve families' education, finances, health
Matthew Polk has always believed education is the path out of poverty.
Editorial: Together, we can make Victoria prosper
Most people want to help their neighbors and community, but they don’t know where to begin to make a meaningful, sustainable difference.
Victoria Advocate Editorial Board
Texas Zoo
Golden Crescent Regional Planning Commission
Victoria Economic Development Corp.
Hidden In Plain Sight
Citizens Medical Center
Glenn Wilson Nov 6, 2018 8:21am
"Affordable Housing" must be a code-phrase for housing that's affordable to folks with no resources or income. When I check housing prices around the country on Zillow.com, a real estate website, it's clear that Victoria, TX, is a bargain, especially considering the amenities available here to those who care to get of the house and partake.
Victoria Advocate Editorial Board Nov 9, 2018 8:27am
Thank you for reading and commenting. If you have the means to buy, the situation is much better, although availability of lower-priced homes is limited. The situation is much, much worse for renters because price has outpaced income for many years. Harvey worsened this situation because it seriously damaged or closed a third of all rental units. Those are starting to come back online but at even higher prices.
Glenn Wilson Nov 9, 2018 9:19pm
If price has outpaced income for many years, then who’s buying the houses? The answer is those who have sufficient income and resources. For them there is no “affordable housing crisis”. For people with little or no income or resources there’s no such thing as affordable housing on their own. It requires some kind of assistance. Victoria, being a county seat, has a large population of the latter, especially as Harvey pushed so many people over the economic edge. When City Council focuses on economic development instead of funding housing for the disadvantaged they’re helping to create jobs which provides the income to buy housing which is far superior to hand-outs.
Victoria Advocate Editorial Board Nov 10, 2018 6:53am
Our editorial board opinion makes the point that local government can focus on economic development, as it has, and adopt policies that promote affordable housing without providing a handout. Some of these policies and approaches are listed above. Thank you for the conversation.
Brian Vandale Nov 5, 2018 9:21pm
The city could give exemptions, but the housing still wouldn't be cheaper. It's called GREED and that's the problem. The city officials don't really care about the people in my opinion. They only care about themselves, they would rather waste monies than use it wisely.
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UK & Ireland Environment Policy
At Office Depot, we are committed to excellence in all aspects of our business; as such, we operate a programme of continual improvement to assess and reduce all environmental aspects and their impacts. Our Environmental Policy is endorsed at Board level and encompasses all elements of our service provision.
Our commitment to environmental issues is expressed in our global environmental strategy, through the four value-chain concepts which are to increasingly Be Green, Buy Green, Sell Green and Tell Green.
We regard compliance with legislation and with other requirements to which we subscribe as a minimum standard and go beyond compliance wherever reasonably practical.
All our UK & Ireland sites are certified to environmental management system standard EN ISO14001:2004 and supported by a programme of targeted and monitored initiatives and a culture of continuous improvement to reduce our environmental impacts and prevent pollution. Our reduction programmes include:
Greenhouse Gas Emissions - As part of Office Depot’s commitment to the third-party assessment of its environmental data, our annual UK & Ireland greenhouse gas footprint report is independently assured to ISO14064-1.
Waste Management - All of our sites operate a “zero waste to landfill” policy with a target of recycling 90% of our waste and the balance being disposed of in waste to energy plants.
We benchmark and keep up to date with industry best practice through participation in and assessment by Achilles UVDB Verify, the Furniture Industry Sustainability Programme and the Logistics Carbon Reduction Scheme.
As part of our product stewardship objective to ensure open and transparent information, independent consultants verify environmental product claims, wood-fibre sources and supplier credentials. Claims are verified against the Green Claims Code using clearly defined criteria, which enables customers to choose from products that comply with UK Government Timber Procurement Policy and DEFRA Quick Wins as well as eco-labels.
Office Depot, as a GFTN participant, is committed to a stepwise approach towards responsible purchasing and forestry practices which means: buying from legal and known sources, excluding controversial sources and aiming for credibly certified sources such as FSC.
Our commitment to offering customers certified wood-fibre sources extends through chainof-custody certification to both the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and the Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification Schemes (PEFC).
Sell Green
Customers can choose from a total of over 4,000 products with externally verified environmental attributes, 2000 of which are in the 2017 Office Depot catalogue. In 2017, 21% of the products in our catalogue have a verified claim.
Collection schemes for the take-back of used products from customers will continue to be developed in addition to those already available, such as inkjet and toner cartridges, confidential paper, electrical equipment and batteries.
Tell Green
We support customers to help them make informed purchasing decisions by increasing awareness of environmentally preferable products and the impacts of purchasing behaviours through the provision of transparent reporting and publications. We will continue to actively work with customers to assist them in achieving their environmental objectives and reducing their environmental impact.
An internal and external audit programme, together with results against key performance indicators, continuously monitors our compliance and performance.
Michael Walby
VP Contract Sales & Country Manager UK & Ireland
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ANZAC Day and our Kiwi Connection
Have you ever wondered why there is a New Zealand Avenue in Walton on Thames? Or why the pub at the end is called The Wellington (affectionately known as “The Kiwi”)?
Charity Exhibition Day – Saturday 11 March
Every two years, the Rotary Club of Shepperton & Sunbury runs an exhibition of local charities which operate within Spelthorne & Surrey.
Is the Sun Setting Over Green Belt?
Last month we lamented the building explosion on our door step and the pressure on resources. As we wait to see the ‘local plan’ which will show the green spaces where development is deemed appropriate, we are aware of several sites identified in Sunbury: Kempton Park of course we know
Sunbury’s Own Willy Wonka
I recently went to chocolate heaven. More precisely to the Riverside Arts Centre studio where I spend an afternoon learning about chocolate before sampling rather a lot of it, and making my own bars to take home. Wonderful!
Surrey County Council talks money
No sooner had I drafted an article on the imminent rise in Council Tax and the referendum we were promised on it, than the threat of the 15% rise was lifted. Strange times! Surrey County Council faces losing another £93m funding.
Sunbury Health Centre -It’s All Under Control
In last month’s Sunbury Matters we wrote about the strain on resources as the local population continues to grow and our village expands. Well, one of those resources put under a lot of pressure deserves a big pat on the back for providing a great service – Sunbury Health Centre.
The Worst Flood In Living Memory – 1947
At this time of year, residents who live near the Thames will be remembering the terrible floods of three years ago, which caused such disruption and damage. Exactly 60 years ago, in 1947, our community was facing an even worse challenge.
By Nick Pollard | 1 February 2017
Rotary and Men in Sheds Support Mission for Vision
Mission for Vision, featured last year in Shepperton Matters, was founded by Ian Squire in 2003 as a means to improving the lives of those living in the poorest regions in the developing world.
The History of Sunbury Pubs
To my mind, Sunbury is defined by its pubs. The joys of living along the river are never more evident than when enjoying a pint alongside it in a pub.
Emma Dow’s Final Bow
Sunbury has lost a great talent, a great personality and a great inspiration. After a battle with cancer, Emma Dow passed away in the Sam Beare Hospice, aged 45, with her family at her side in November 2016. She has left a huge legacy within the community and touched many lives.
Something Has to Give!
It has all gone crazy! Everywhere I turn there are new houses springing up. We understand there is a housing crisis and that the demand for more housing has never been so great.
Spelthorne’s Late Blooms
So, judgement day arrived in late October (after we had gone to print with the November issue, so excuse the tardy report). You may remember me reporting that we had been persuaded to enter our riverside garden into the Spelthorne in Bloom competition earlier this year.
Rotary Youth Speaks Competition 2016
Nine teams from five schools took part in Youth Speaks, the annual public speaking competition for schools, organised by Shepperton Aurora Rotary on 18th November at the Council Chambers in Staines. Each team consisted of 3 members, a Chairperson, a Speaker, and giver of Vote of Thanks, and spoke on a subject of their own choice. Choices of subject covered a wide range, from ‘Don’t Judge a Book by its Cover’ to ‘The Dark Side of Exams’.
Still Brewing in Spelthorne
You are probably aware that Staines has a brewing tradition. 200 or so years ago there were in fact many small breweries in the area, attracted by the pure water in Staines. In the late 18th century records list Thomas Gates and William Harris as brewers and the Harris family went on to be one of the major local brewing families.
With Christmas fast approaching, I thought I would take a look at the festive season in our community in years gone by, starting exactly 90 years ago in 1926.
What Do You All Day at the Hampton & Kempton Waterworks Railway?
That’s just the sort of question one can get asked when one says that we spend Tuesdays at the Kempton site of the “Hampton & Kempton Waterworks Railway”.
A Sunbury Victoria Cross Holder
In this month of Remembrance, I thought I would share the story of a former Sunbury resident who won the Victoria Cross, the Nation’s highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy, and almost incredibly, survived his ordeal.
Meeting the Prop Master
We are loving having a peek behind the scenes at Shepperton Studios. Not on set, you understand, but what goes on in the making of a film. Last month we brought you a piece on Motion Capture and the role it plays in blockbusters.
The Hovel, Middlesex
Following our piece on the closure of the Shepperton Wine Bar and Grill recently, we were contacted by a local reader whose mother, Stella Smith, had told her stories about a previous incarnation. Mrs Smith had often visited The Hovel in the late 1950s and early 60’s.
Marion Park Orphanage 1916
This photo, taken exactly a century ago, shows a group of children and adults at the Good Templar and Temperance Orphanage, Marion Park, Sunbury. The Orphanage occupied a house erected about 1750 on the site now occupied by Sunbury Manor School in Nursery Road.
By Nick Pollard | 3 October 2016
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Deaf Florida toddler hears her mom say ‘I love you’ for the first time
By Laura Jazmin Tolliver The Palm Beach Post
A Florida toddler who was born deaf was able to hear her mother say 'I love you' for the first time after her cochlear implants were activated.
A Florida toddler,1, just heard her mom say “I love you” for the first time.
A’deja Rivers has been deaf since birth, but on June 20, everything changed for the toddler when her cochlear implants were activated.
Video captured Rivers’ family celebration and the heartwarming moment when she sat on her mom’s lap to play with musical toys before hearing her mom’s special words.
“Hi, I love you baby, I love you so much,” Patricia Shaw told her daughter.
Rivers’ grandmother is featured in the clip as well, saying, “Granny loves you. First time you can hear Granny say, ‘I love you,'” as she plants a big kiss on her granddaughter’s face.
“A’deja had a great reaction,” audiologist Shelly Ash, who is also the cochlear implant team coordinator at Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital in St. Petersburg, Fla., told Good Morning America Wednesday.
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The family is thrilled that Rivers is now able to experience the gift of hearing.
“All the love that I know she feels, for her to hear it, I know we all felt like, thank God, she’s able to hear us,” Shaw told Good Morning America.
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The women behind Jack Maddocks and Angus Crichton's rise to the top
By Tom Decent
February 2, 2019 — 9.23am
Behind most footballers is a proud mother but in the case of Wallabies young gun Jack Maddocks and new Sydney Roosters recruit Angus Crichton, they both have two.
While there is nothing biological about the relationship, it may as well be, for Crichton’s Wikipedia page claims he and Maddocks are siblings. Brothers from different mothers.
Jack Maddocks (left) and Angus Crichton (right) will be supporting their mothers Bronwyn and Pip who are competing in the Sydney Coastrek on March 15. Credit:James Alcock
Bronwyn Maddocks and Pip Crichton met when their sons attended Scots College together and hit it off since then. Their families became intertwined and Jack and Angus shot to stardom in both rugby and rugby league.
"I don’t even really consider us mates anymore," Maddocks said. There’s a slight pause. Then belly laughter from the pair. More family than friendship, they say.
While Jack and Angus, born on the same day a year apart, make headlines for their performances in Test rugby and the NRL respectively, they feel it is time to shine a light on the women who have shaped their lives.
"They are two very strong, powerful women and we wouldn’t be where we are without them," Angus said.
Bronwyn and Pip are embarking on their own challenge for a "great cause". They will compete in the Sydney Coastrek on March 15 – a 30km walk across the city’s rugged and breathtaking coastline in a bid to raise funds for the Fred Hollows Foundation.
The boys’ footballing schedules will prevent them from taking part but even they are glowing with pride at what their mums are aiming to achieve.
"I reckon they will smash this," Jack said. "Pip is one of the busiest bees I know. She’s worn through her shoes. I’m proud of mum for having a crack. I don’t reckon I’d get through 30 kilomteres to be honest."
Angus added: "Both these girls have been big influences on me and to see them do this will be good and they are both massive walkers. For a good cause it will be fun for them and it was good to give them a bit of attention and put them in the spotlight for how great they have been for us two growing up."
Getting through 30 kilometres might be an opportune time for Bronwyn and Pip to reflect on some of the fonder memories they have shared together.
Crichton grew up in Young and the Maddocks family would often go out to visit on the farm.
"There’s a photo of Jack in the driver’s seat of a paddock basher and Jack must have been sitting on two phone books because he was very small," Bronwyn said. "There is Angus next to him, teaching him how to drive on the farm."
Back in the day: Jack Maddocks in the driver's seat and Angus Crichton next to him in a car on the Young farm where Chrichton grew up.
There was parental supervision, of course, but perhaps not on another occasion the Wallabies utility happily brings up with a grin on his face.
Jack and Angus were at the Young races one afternoon and not old enough to have a bet. So, they decided to ask someone else to put it on for them. Whatever money they had saved up went onto More Joyous and they held their breath watching it run around the track.
Sure enough, More Joyous crossed the line first. What to do though?
"We won $340 and had no other choice but to bury it in the cubbyhouse," Jack said. "We came back like three years later and dug it up."
Their mothers can only roll their eyes and laugh as stories of years gone by are retold. Bronwyn and Pip travelled to New Zealand to watch Maddocks in just his second Wallabies Test, while both families have been avid spectators at Crichton’s games.
Jack was in the sheds at ANZ Stadium when Angus won a State of Origin series with NSW last year, sipping on a quiet drop of the sponsor’s product with his best mate, who he sometimes shares an apartment with in Sydney's eastern suburbs when he is not in Melbourne with the Rebels or gallivanting around the world.
The last few years have been a wild ride for Chrichton and Maddocks, and the being in the spotlight is not something they ever envisaged. They keep each other in line and push one another to be the best footy players they can be, even if they are in different codes.
"It’s probably off the field we are more proud of them than on the field with the boys," Pip Crichton said. "I am just proud of who they have become and how kind they are and how humble they are."
Registrations close on the 15th of February for Coastrek. Register here to take part: https://sydney.coastrek.com.au/events
Tom Decent
Tom Decent is a journalist with The Sydney Morning Herald
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PrizeRebel Review: Is This A Survey Scam?
Prize Rebel is a get-paid-to site, where you earn points for completing surveys. In fact, it launched in 2007, making it one of the oldest such sites online. While the focus of PrizeRebel is on generating points from surveys and referrals, you can also earn points from daily contests, offers, watching videos, and other tasks. Prize Rebel has been around for a long time, and has a lot of active users, which is usually a good sign that a site is living up to its promises and paying out real money. It has a lot of positive reviews online,
How Does PrizeRebel Work?
PrizeRebel surveys and tasks are worth points. Every PrizeRebel point is equal to a penny, so 100 points = $1. PrizeRebel points can be redeemed by gift cards to such sites as Amazon, Walmart, eBay, iTunes, Steam, etc, or can be redeemed by PayPal.
Users earn points in a variety of ways.
Taking surveys
PrizeRebel is optimized for surveys, and in fact you have a slightly better chance of qualifying for surveys on PrizeRebel than on similar platforms, because some surveys are pre-screened for you based on your location and other factors.
Offers usually involve signing up for free trials and deals. Some of these require that you enter a credit card in order to complete the offer, so remember to cancel before the free trial ends.
You can earn PrizeRebel points by downloading games and other apps and completing tasks on that app, like reach a certain game level.
Complete tasks
You can also earn PrizeRebel points for completing small online tasks, like you would find on Mturk or other online task platforms.
PrizeRebel awards points for watching videos
Challenges and contests
PrizeRebel often has challenges and contests where you can earn extra points.
Raffles and numbers
You can also spend some of your PrizeRebel points for chances to win even more points in raffles or lucky number contests.
PrizeRebel is perhaps best known for these promo codes. They give these codes out on their social media channels, and if you see the code and enter it in your account, you get extra points.
Of course, you can also get points for referrals, which will be discussed further below.
How Much Does PrizeRebel Cost?
Prize Rebel is free to join.
How Much Money Do PrizeRebel Affiliates Make?
If you refer a new member to PrizeRebel, you can earn up to 30% of their earnings on the site, with no limits. Your commission percentage is based on your PrizeRebel account level:
· Bronze account level: 15%
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· Gold account level: 25%
· Platinum account level: 25%
· Diamond account level: 30%
You move up in account levels by earning enough points to move up the ladder, and your account status always tells you how many points you need to progress.
What We Like About PrizeRebel
Low payout threshold
While PrizeRebel claims to have a minimum payout threshold of just $2 for an Amazon gift card, that reward is often “out of stock.” While it doesn't make sense for a digital card to be out of stock, most people are more than happy to be able to cash out at $5.
Lots of ways to earn points
With the variety of ways to earn points, and clear explanation of how many points can be earned for every activity, it's easy for people to rack up points fairly quickly on PrizeRebel.
Good payouts
With the straightforward points-to-cash conversion (unlike some sites where it takes thousands of points to make a dollar), and the high-value rewards like PayPal, Amazon, Walmart, Dunkin' Donuts, and other rewards, most people will find it easy to get the rewards that work the best for them. For Gold accounts and above, payouts are processed quickly, usually within just hours of when you request them.
Prize Rebel Complaints
Survey disqualifications
This complaint applies to all survey sites, not just PrizeRebel, but it's frustrating, nonetheless. It can take a long time answering questions and filling out repetitive information, only to ultimately find out that you have been disqualified from a survey. Investing a lot of time in a survey without earning any points is frustrating, and many people wish that the platform would limit these kinds of screening questions so that they don't end up being a waste of time.
Not very much money for the time investment
The average happy PrizeRebel user makes $5-$10 per week, and are satisfied with the site. However, they also report spending 1-2 hours per day on the site. That's an average of $1 or less per hour. For some people, who are spending that hour commuting or watching TV, perhaps it's better to earn $1 than nothing, and it feels like a bonus to them. However, if you have 1-2 hours every day, or 7-14 hours a week, to devote to making money online, there are much better options than PrizeRebel.
Is Prize Rebel a Scam?
Prize Rebel is not a scam. People reliably use the site, earn points, and redeem those points for rewards that they want. In fact, many find that PrizeRebel is among the best survey sites, with higher points, better rewards, and lower payout thresholds than other similar sites.
Survey sites aren't a good way to make a second income or pay the bills, but they can be a good way to earn additional pocket money. Some people save up their PrizeRebel rewards all year and use them to buy Christmas or birthday gifts, which can be helpful when you are on a budget.
PrizeRebel is a good survey site, with more earning options and better rewards than most. If you are interested in earning a little extra money in your spare time, it's a good option.
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Red Sox offense explodes again as Boston sweeps Seattle
By Ken Powtak, Associated Press
Steven Senne
Boston Red Sox's J.D. Martinez, right, celebrates his two-run home run as he arrives at home plate as Seattle Mariners catcher Omar Narvaez, left, looks on in the eighth inning of a baseball game at Fenway Park, Sunday, May 12, 2019, in Boston. (AP Photo/Steven Senne)
SOURCE: Steven Senne
J.D. Martinez hit two homers, rookie Michael Chavis drove in five runs and the surging Boston Red Sox beat the stumbling Seattle Mariners 11-2 to complete a three-game sweep Sunday at soggy Fenway Park.It was the fifth straight win and 16th in 22 games for the defending World Series champions. Martinez had three RBIs and scored three runs, and Chavis finished with three singles.Omar Narváez homered for Seattle (20-23), which has lost four in a row and 15 of 19 after opening 13-2. The Mariners were outscored 34-8 in the series, completing a 2-8 road trip.Playing in steady light-to-moderate rain the entire time with temperatures in the mid-40s, the Mariners made five fielding blunders in the first three innings. Boston even had a few baserunners that appeared somewhat cautious in the conditions.Spot starter Hector Velázquez (1-2) gave up two runs in five innings for the Red Sox.Trailing 1-0, the Red Sox scored three runs with two outs in the first. Martinez got it started with his homer into the Green Monster seats off Marco Gonzales (5-2). Xander Bogaerts walked and Rafael Devers singled before Chavis hit a bloop to shallow right that second baseman Shed Long overran. Then he slipped and fell when he tried to retreat as the ball dropped in for an RBI single.Devers scored on Narváez's passed ball to make it 3-1, and he appeared to step gingerly on the slippery plate.In the second, Seattle right fielder Jay Bruce dropped Mookie Betts' fly ball, allowing Andrew Benintendi to score to make it 4-1. Long also dropped a pop the next inning, but got a force out.Chavis had a two-run single in the fifth, and another in the seventh. Martinez's second homer also cleared the Monster.Gonzales gave up four runs, two earned, in four innings. Red Sox manager Alex Cora said left-handed pitcher David Price, who has been dealing with tendinitis in his throwing elbow, threw a bullpen and "probably" will start against Houston next weekend.Cora also said second baseman Dustin Pedroia felt some minor soreness in his balky left knee and didn't play Saturday on his minor league rehab assignment."In his own words, he was 'just being smart,'" Cora said. "Hopefully, it's nothing." The grounds crew spread drying agent around the basepaths and mound, raking the areas many times. Plate umpire Quinn Wolcott did his part by wiping the plate with a towel. The Red Sox are off on Monday before left-hander Chris Sale (1-5, 4.50) is slated to start Tuesday versus Colorado. He fanned a season-high 14 over eight innings and allowed one run in a no-decision Wednesday at Baltimore.
J.D. Martinez hit two homers, rookie Michael Chavis drove in five runs and the surging Boston Red Sox beat the stumbling Seattle Mariners 11-2 to complete a three-game sweep Sunday at soggy Fenway Park.
It was the fifth straight win and 16th in 22 games for the defending World Series champions. Martinez had three RBIs and scored three runs, and Chavis finished with three singles.
Omar Narváez homered for Seattle (20-23), which has lost four in a row and 15 of 19 after opening 13-2. The Mariners were outscored 34-8 in the series, completing a 2-8 road trip.
Playing in steady light-to-moderate rain the entire time with temperatures in the mid-40s, the Mariners made five fielding blunders in the first three innings. Boston even had a few baserunners that appeared somewhat cautious in the conditions.
Spot starter Hector Velázquez (1-2) gave up two runs in five innings for the Red Sox.
Trailing 1-0, the Red Sox scored three runs with two outs in the first. Martinez got it started with his homer into the Green Monster seats off Marco Gonzales (5-2). Xander Bogaerts walked and Rafael Devers singled before Chavis hit a bloop to shallow right that second baseman Shed Long overran. Then he slipped and fell when he tried to retreat as the ball dropped in for an RBI single.
Devers scored on Narváez's passed ball to make it 3-1, and he appeared to step gingerly on the slippery plate.
In the second, Seattle right fielder Jay Bruce dropped Mookie Betts' fly ball, allowing Andrew Benintendi to score to make it 4-1. Long also dropped a pop the next inning, but got a force out.
Chavis had a two-run single in the fifth, and another in the seventh. Martinez's second homer also cleared the Monster.
Gonzales gave up four runs, two earned, in four innings.
Red Sox manager Alex Cora said left-handed pitcher David Price, who has been dealing with tendinitis in his throwing elbow, threw a bullpen and "probably" will start against Houston next weekend.
Cora also said second baseman Dustin Pedroia felt some minor soreness in his balky left knee and didn't play Saturday on his minor league rehab assignment.
"In his own words, he was 'just being smart,'" Cora said. "Hopefully, it's nothing."
The grounds crew spread drying agent around the basepaths and mound, raking the areas many times. Plate umpire Quinn Wolcott did his part by wiping the plate with a towel.
The Red Sox are off on Monday before left-hander Chris Sale (1-5, 4.50) is slated to start Tuesday versus Colorado. He fanned a season-high 14 over eight innings and allowed one run in a no-decision Wednesday at Baltimore.
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Week 17, April 2017
Clockwise from top left:
Jaguar. Harrier. Raspberry Ripple. What's not to like? RAF Cosford was the venue for another Timeline Events photoshoot, featuring not only this fetching pair but several other examples of these two iconic and much-loved types under a variety of lighting conditions...
Image © Steven Harrison-Green
...including as this fantastic looking Harrier GR.3. Wearing the markings of 1 Squadron, the temporary arctic camo was regularly seen throughout the 1980s when Harriers and other frontline types would deploy to Norway for winter exercises. Here, under the cover of darkness, the white livery really pops, and the airframe itself looks almost as if it were ready to fly.
Image © Andy Knott
Our next image comes from yet another of the Timeline Event shoots, this time at Southend Airport with XL426 of the Vulcan Restoration Trust. The aircraft has been somewhat overlooked in recent times as XH558 took much of the limelight away from the ground runners, but is looking in fine fettle in this set of images as the preservation efforts continue.
Image © Cameron Sys
Bartosz's bold, creative and attention grabbing photography has won him many fans on UKAR and this might just be one of the finest sets of images he's ever shared with us. The focus this time is on the rotary elements of the Anakonda Exercise held in Poland, and during his time at Miroslawiec Air Base, the high sortie rate allowed him to capture every aspect of this large-scale exercise in his own, inimitable style. Jaw dropping photography.
Image © Bartosz Bera
The ex-RAF Merlin HC3s are now well into their time with the Royal Navy, and Shaun caught ZJ118 on a training sortie in Dartmoor, bathed in beautiful evening sunlight.
Image © Shaun Schofield
The Mirage 2000 is an aircraft that many have a strong affection for, not least Reinier Bergsma, who recently spent time on a photoshoot with the men and machines at Nancy-Ochey Air Base. We just loved this posed shot of pilot and aircraft outside a Hardened Aircraft Shelter.
Image © Reinier Bergsma
A member of UKAR for many years now, Stuart Thurtle rounds out our selection this week with an image from yet another night shoot that has taken place in recent days. Phantom FGR.2 XT914 at RAF Wattisham looks immaculate in this set of shots, and set against the aircraft shelter, there's an operational feel to this set-up that ticks all the right boxes.
Image © Stuart Thurtle
Philippe Rey recently enjoyed a photo flight with l'Escadrille 6 of the Swiss Air Force. Flying as part of a formation, this is a set that not only shows off the sleek shape of the F-5, but also gives you a sense of the skill it takes to fly in such close proximity. Naturally, the Swiss scenery looks every bit as good from above as it does from terra firma and provides the setting to a number of the photographs in Philippe's thread, this underside shot included.
Image © Philippe Rey
Andravida AB in Greece recently played host to the INIOHOS exercise. Staged over a two week period, the exercise brings in nations from far and wide to participate in Composite Air Operations, and this year saw detachments from the Air Forces of Israel, the UAE, Italy and the USAF AFRC, as well as from the Greeks themselves. Setting aside the Phantoms, the most numerous type was clearly the F-16 - the fantastically weathered and beaten Greek examples, the more modern lumpy and bumpy UAE jets and the unique desert colours of the Israeli jets pictured here leave the USAF examples looking rather bland.
Image © Savvas Savvaidis
When it comes to special paint schemes, the Canadians certainly know how to make an impact. Year after year they go over and above to create a striking design for their CF-18 solo display jet. Rod travelled to CFB Comox to photograph the spring training flights, returning with a fine set of images to show you this year's livery in all it's glory, from just about every angle. We love it, and we're sure you will too.
Image © Rod McDonough
A US Navy MH-60 was an unexpected visitor to Devon this week, but Kev was on hand to record the event as call sign "Doughboy10" dropped in on his location. Overcast conditions didn't help matters, but this is a rare catch nonetheless.
Image © Kevin Wills
RAF Lakenheath is the place to be at the moment. News that eight F-35As from Hill AFB, Utah were to forward deploy for a number of weeks has piqued the interest of many an enthusiast, as the F-22A Raptors visit from last spring had also done. One of the initial six jets is seen here on arrival on Saturday afternoon.
Image © Ali Hunt
The F-35 might well be the future of the base, but they have nothing on the present. Once again Kelvin was rewarded for his efforts, and the F-15Es of the 494th Fighter Squadron tearing through the valleys of Wales always make for an exceptional photo.
Image © Kelvin Sullivan
Sam's trip to the Far East for last year's Wonsan Air Festival allowed him to stop off at the China Air Museum in Beijing en route. Located on an airfield, the aircraft storage areas contain literally countless machines in various states of repair, whilst other areas of the site have rather more complete examples on display, such as this Beriev Be-6P flying boat. Under overcast skies and reflected in murky waters, the atmosphere of the image seems to fit the subject matter rather well.
Image © Sam Wise
Just to make you feel old, we kick off this week with a "Golden Oldie" from 2006, which feels like only yesterday... *sigh*. Philippe caught the gargantuan Super Frelon on a rare visit to Sion. These seldom seen machines have long since been withdrawn from French service, the last examples retired in 2010, but licence build Z-8 variants to still soldier on with the People's Liberation Army in China.
It's hard to narrow it down to a single image from some threads, and Sean's set of the many varied and interesting types on show at the 2017 Sun 'n Fun airshow in Florida is one of them. We've opted for this immaculate looking, privately owned F-5B. The US Navy sent some of their equally attractive F-5N Aggressors to the show too, but they weren't pictured in quite such dynamic fashion as this one was!
Image © Sean Kelly
We remain in the United States for our next image, at the Tico Warbird Airshow to be precise. Although Keith says in his thread that military participation was down this year, the US Navy still sent along a "legacy" Hornet for the display, seen here squeezing every drop of moisture out of the Florida skies. The fetching, retro livery adorned on the jet just make it that much more special an image.
Image © Keith Draycott
Location, location, location. It's all important, and this is a great example of how being aware of your surroundings can do wonders for an image - an otherwise routine side-on perspective of a taxying F-18 is brought to life by the vista that occupies the rest of the frame. Fine work frOm Mathias.
Image © Mathias Grägel
The Aérospatiale Gazelle celebrates the 50th anniversary of the type's first flight this year, and to mark the occasion a Gazelle fly-in was held at Middle Wallop. Amongst the array of civilian owned examples, the highlight for most attendees were the pair from the French Army, one of which is seen here redistributing the grass clippings upon departure.
Image © Jakub Zurek
The A400M Atlas is still relatively new to the RAF, and as such low level sightings haven't been that numerous, but it looks at home passing by Dunmail Raise in Kelvin's photograph. The special markings on the tail aren't much, but something is better than nothing.
The Vampire Preservation Group are still looking for a buyer to take on WZ507, but in the mean time it's begun 2017 as a frequent flyer from its North Weald base. Trevor Jago took full advantage of his role on the airfield to find this position, allowing him to capture the aircraft gliding in on finals over the blooming springtime fields of Essex.
Image © Trevor Jago
Our forums are regularly visited by some of Poland's best photographers - a country which seems to produce some outstanding work, and with a very varied aviation inventory. Piotr has really captured the essence of the power produced when an F-16 takes off, that one mighty engine throwing up spray as the jet lifts off. Poland has one of the most advanced F-16 fleets in the world, having operated the Block 52+ model since 2006, alongside the considerably older MiG-29A.
Image © Piotr Kostur
A great bit of outside-the-box thinking produced this marvellous photograph from RAF Lossiemouth. Sadly the person writing these captions doesn't know enough about golf to make the puns this image deserves, but it's telling how play has stopped to watch this "birdie" on approach - wonder if the players know it's not an "Eagle"? That kind of knowledge is certainly "par for the course" among the enthusiast community. We're always grateful to see shots from Joint Warrior, a location sadly all but inaccessible for most of us in the country, especially as there is usually a great variety of naval equipment.
Image © David Jones
We are only a month away from the UK airshow season getting underway but the American audiences are already enjoying their fix of aerial entertainment. Parachute displays are often accompanied by interesting aircraft, that may not otherwise be seen regularly at airshows; and it was one of those that is the subject of Peter Fenwick's image from the 2017 El Centro Airshow. The US Navy Grumman C2 Greyhound captured by Peter was utilised by The Providers team as their jump ship and is surrounded by some glorious blue sky - lets hope we see plenty of that in attendance throughout the UK season!
Image © Peter Fenwick
The wonderful "Scooter" continues to do sterling work in Germany as part of Discovery Air Defence Services providing aggressor training for the German armed forces. Though the A-4 isn't a jet one could realistically call beautiful, it certainly looks the business, especially with all the flaps and panels opened up as in Peter's shot. Sadly they so far haven't travelled to the UK, meaning that one has to travel to catch these Cold War gems.
Image © Peter Steehouwer
What one German pilot called "the most masculine jet in NATO", the Panavia Tornado certainly looks more like a flying punch than an assassin's dagger. It won't be long before the RAF's fleet flies no more, with these tired workhorses starting to show their age. The Tornado is probably the UK's hardest working aircraft type since the Second World War, having taken part in every conflict since the first Gulf War. Despite this, they still perform their duties and took part in Frisian Flag in the Netherlands this year.
Our final image from this week's edition of POTW, comes from the Leonardo Helicopters HQ in Yeovil. This example of the AW101, ZR339, was captured by Stu Weston looking resplendent in the Somerset sun, displaying a much colourful appearance to the Merlin than we commonly get to see in its various military guises.
Image © Stu Weston
Copyright © (1996 - 2019) UK Airshow Review
Content and images supplied and supported by the UKAR Staff Team
Display Frequency Podcast
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Life Sciences 2031: What about 2011?
Xconomy New York —
Last week’s Xconomy New York Life Sciences 2031 symposium produced lots of articulate speculation about the distant future of biotechnology and its related industries. But for those of us who work or invest in life sciences, the discussion did little to answer the pressing question: what can and should we do now to meet the evolving challenges of the next twenty years?
Implicit in the comments of panelists Sam Waksal, Eric Schadt, Barbara Dalton, and Samuel Isaly was the assumption that drug discovery will face the same problems in 2031 that drug discovery faces today: a “good molecule is hard to find” early-discovery environment; an inexact modeling of disease processes (hopefully improved by advanced bioinformatics); a confused FDA that cannot quite balance protection of the public with facilitation of medical progress; and capital markets that vacillate from total avoidance of development stage companies one year to drunken lust for the next big thing in life sciences the next.
So before we venture to 2031 let’s address 2011. How do we make the process, the regulation, and the funding more efficient today? How do we give the future panelists of Life Sciences 2051 more reasons for excitement and fewer reasons for pessimism?
We can start by using a 21st century vocabulary. In an era when we will define more and more diseases by their molecular pathways, genetic mutations, or expression signatures, why do we cling to anatomic and histologic definitions? Is “small cell carcinoma” more precise than “oat cell carcinoma?” As an intern in obstetrics and gynecology in the 1980’s I was taught that the term “ovarian cancer” represented a group of very different diseases, and that a rudimentary biomarker, CA-125, helped tease out one from another.
Yet today, small companies still present their development plans for ovarian cancer drugs with no separation into more specific patient populations—likely ruining the statistical assumptions underlying the trials, and obscuring … Next Page »
David Sable directs healthcare and life science investing for the Special Situations Funds and is portfolio manager of the Special Situations Life Sciences Fund. Follow @
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Archive for ABC-MCMC
Bayesian synthetic likelihood
Posted in Statistics with tags ABC, ABC consistency, ABC-MCMC, embarassingly parallel, misspecified model, summary statistics, synthetic likelihood, unbiased estimation on December 13, 2017 by xi'an
Leah Price, Chris Drovandi, Anthony Lee and David Nott published earlier this year a paper in JCGS on Bayesian synthetic likelihood, using Simon Wood’s synthetic likelihood as a substitute to the exact likelihood within a Bayesian approach. While not investigating the theoretical properties of this approximate approach, the paper compares it with ABC on some examples. In particular with respect to the number n of Monte Carlo replications used to approximate the mean and variance of the Gaussian synthetic likelihood.
Since this approach is most naturally associated with an MCMC implementation, it requires new simulations of the summary statistics at each iteration, without a clear possibility to involve parallel runs, in contrast to ABC. However in the final example of the paper, the authors reach values of n of several thousands, making use of multiple cores relevant, if requiring synchronicity and checks at every MCMC iteration.
The authors mention that “ABC can be viewed as a pseudo-marginal method”, but this has a limited appeal since the pseudo-marginal is a Monte Carlo substitute for the ABC target, not the original target. Similarly, there exists an unbiased estimator of the Gaussian density due to Ghurye and Olkin (1969) that allows to perceive the estimated synthetic likelihood version as a pseudo-marginal, once again wrt a target that differs from the original one. And the bias reappears under mis-specification, that is when the summary statistics are not normally distributed. It seems difficult to assess this normality or absence thereof in realistic situations.
“However, when the distribution of the summary statistic is highly irregular, the output of BSL cannot be trusted, while ABC represents a robust alternative in such cases.”
To make synthetic likelihood and ABC algorithms compatible, the authors chose a Normal kernel for ABC. Still, the equivalence is imperfect in that the covariance matrix need be chosen in the ABC case and is estimated in the synthetic one. I am also lost to the argument that the synthetic version is more efficient than ABC, in general (page 8). As for the examples, the first one uses a toy Poisson posterior with a single sufficient summary statistic, which is not very representative of complex situations where summary statistics are extremes or discrete. As acknowledged by the authors this is a case when the Normality assumption applies. For an integer support hidden process like the Ricker model, normality vanishes and the outcomes of ABC and synthetic likelihood differ, which makes it difficult to compare the inferential properties of both versions (rather than the acceptance rates), while using a 13-dimension statistic for estimating a 3-dimension parameter is not recommended for ABC, as discussed by Li and Fearnhead (2017). The same issue appears in the realistic cell motility example, with 145 summaries versus two parameters. (In the philogenies studied by DIYABC, the number of summary statistics is about the same but we now advocate a projection to the parameter dimension by the medium of random forests.)
Given the similarity between both approaches, I wonder at a confluence between them, where synthetic likelihood could maybe be used to devise PCA on the summary statistics and facilitate their projection on a space with much smaller dimensions. Or estimating the mean and variance functions in the synthetic likelihood towards producing directly simulations of the summary statistics.
delayed acceptance ABC-SMC
Posted in pictures, Statistics, Travel with tags ABC-MCMC, ABC-SMC, Biometrika, delayed acceptance, lazy ABC, sequential Monte Carlo, SMC-ABC, stratified sampling on December 11, 2017 by xi'an
Last summer, during my vacation on Skye, Richard Everitt and Paulina Rowińska arXived a paper on delayed acceptance associated with ABC. ArXival that I missed, then! In order to decrease the number of simulations from the likelihood. As in our own delayed acceptance paper (without ABC), a cheap alternative generator is used to first reject the least likely parameters values, before possibly continuing to use a full generator. Also as lazy ABC. The first step of this ABC algorithm requires a cheap generator plus a primary tolerance ε¹ to compare the generation with the data or part of it. This may be followed by a second generation with a second tolerance level ε². The paper applies more specifically ABC-SMC as introduced in Sisson, Fan and Tanaka (2007) and reassessed in our subsequent 2009 Biometrika paper with Mark Beaumont, Jean-Marie Cornuet and Jean-Michel Marin. As well as in the ABC-SMC paper by Pierre Del Moral and Arnaud Doucet.
When looking at the version of the algorithm [Algorithm 2] based on two basic acceptance ABC steps, there are two features I find intriguing: (i) the primary step uses a cheap generator to reject early poor values of the parameter, followed by the second step involving a more expensive and exact generator, but I see no impact of the choice of this cheap generator in the acceptance probability; (ii) this is an SMC algorithm with imposed resampling at each iteration but there is no visible step for creating new weights after the resampling step. In the current presentation, it sounds like the weights do not change from the initial step, except for those turning to zero and the renormalisation transforms. Which makes the (unspecified) stratification of little interest if any. I must therefore miss a point in the implementation!
One puzzling sentence in the appendix is that the resampling algorithm used in the SMC step “ensures that every particle that is alive before resampling is represented in the resampled particles”, which reminds me of an argument [possibly a different one] made already in Sisson, Fan and Tanaka (2007) and that we could not validate in our subsequent paper. For resampling to be correct, a form of multinomial sampling must be implemented, even via variance reduction schemes like stratified or systematic sampling.
asymptotically exact inference in likelihood-free models [a reply from the authors]
Posted in R, Statistics with tags ABC, ABC-MCMC, arXiv, Edinburgh, generator, Hamiltonian, HMC, Jacobian, likelihood-free methods, Lotka-Volterra, manifold, normalisation, pseudo-marginal MCMC, quasi-Newton resolution, reply, Riemann manifold, simulation under restrictions, simulator model on December 1, 2016 by xi'an
[Following my post of lastTuesday, Matt Graham commented on the paper with force détails. Here are those comments. A nicer HTML version of the Markdown reply below is also available on Github.]
Thanks for the comments on the paper!
A few additional replies to augment what Amos wrote:
This however sounds somewhat intense in that it involves a quasi-Newton resolution at each step.
The method is definitely computationally expensive. If the constraint function is of the form of a function from an M-dimensional space to an N-dimensional space, with M≥N, for large N the dominant costs at each timestep are usually the constraint Jacobian (∂c/∂u) evaluation (with reverse-mode automatic differentiation this can be evaluated at a cost of O(N) generator / constraint evaluations) and Cholesky decomposition of the Jacobian product (∂c/∂u)(∂c/∂u)‘ with O(N³) cost (though in many cases e.g. i.i.d. or Markovian simulated data, structure in the generator Jacobian can be exploited to give a significantly reduced cost). Each inner Quasi-Newton update involves a pair of triangular solve operations which have a O(N²) cost, two matrix-vector multiplications with O(MN) cost, and a single constraint / generator function evaluation; the number of Quasi-Newton updates required for convergence in the numerical experiments tended to be much less than N hence the Quasi-Newton iteration tended not to be the main cost.
The high computation cost per update is traded off however with often being able to make much larger proposed moves in high-dimensional state spaces with a high chance of acceptance compared to ABC MCMC approaches. Even in the relatively small Lotka-Volterra example we provide which has an input dimension of 104 (four inputs which map to ‘parameters’, and 100 inputs which map to ‘noise’ variables), the ABC MCMC chains using the coarse ABC kernel radius ϵ=100 with comparably very cheap updates were significantly less efficient in terms of effective sample size / computation time than the proposed constrained HMC approach. This was in large part due to the elliptical slice sampling updates in the ABC MCMC chains generally collapsing down to very small moves even for this relatively coarse ϵ. Performance was even worse using non-adaptive ABC MCMC methods and for smaller ϵ, and for higher input dimensions (e.g. using a longer sequence with correspondingly more random inputs) the comparison becomes even more favourable for the constrained HMC approach. Continue reading →
a simulated annealing approach to Bayesian inference
Posted in Books, pictures, Statistics, University life with tags ABC, ABC-MCMC, ABC-SMC, Bayesian Analysis, endoreversibility, mixture, Monte Carlo Statistical Methods, particle system, sequential Monte Carlo, simulated annealing, Switzerland on October 1, 2015 by xi'an
A misleading title if any! Carlos Albert arXived a paper with this title this morning and I rushed to read it. Because it sounded like Bayesian analysis could be expressed as a special form of simulated annealing. But it happens to be a rather technical sequel [“that complies with physics standards”] to another paper I had missed, A simulated annealing approach to ABC, by Carlos Albert, Hans Künsch, and Andreas Scheidegger. Paper that appeared in Statistics and Computing last year, and which is most interesting!
“These update steps are associated with a flow of entropy from the system (the ensemble of particles in the product space of parameters and outputs) to the environment. Part of this flow is due to the decrease of entropy in the system when it transforms from the prior to the posterior state and constitutes the well-invested part of computation. Since the process happens in finite time, inevitably, additional entropy is produced. This entropy production is used as a measure of the wasted computation and minimized, as previously suggested for adaptive simulated annealing” (p.3)
The notion behind this simulated annealing intrusion into the ABC world is that the choice of the tolerance can be adapted along iterations according to a simulated annealing schedule. Both papers make use of thermodynamics notions that are completely foreign to me, like endoreversibility, but aim at minimising the “entropy production of the system, which is a measure for the waste of computation”. The central innovation is to introduce an augmented target on (θ,x) that is
f(x|θ)π(θ)exp{-ρ(x,y)/ε},
where ε is the tolerance, while ρ(x,y) is a measure of distance to the actual observations, and to treat ε as an annealing temperature. In an ABC-MCMC implementation, the acceptance probability of a random walk proposal (θ’,x’) is then
exp{ρ(x,y)/ε-ρ(x’,y)/ε}∧1.
Under some regularity constraints, the sequence of targets converges to
π(θ|y)exp{-ρ(x,y)},
if ε decreases slowly enough to zero. While the representation of ABC-MCMC through kernels other than the Heaviside function can be found in the earlier ABC literature, the embedding of tolerance updating within the modern theory of simulated annealing is rather exciting.
“Furthermore, we will present an adaptive schedule that attempts convergence to the correct posterior while minimizing the required simulations from the likelihood. Both the jump distribution in parameter space and the tolerance are adapted using mean fields of the ensemble.” (p.2)
What I cannot infer from a rather quick perusal of the papers is whether or not the implementation gets into the way of the all-inclusive theory. For instance, how can the Markov chain keep moving as the tolerance gets to zero? Even with a particle population and a sequential Monte Carlo implementation, it is unclear why the proposal scale factor [as in equation (34)] does not collapse to zero in order to ensure a non-zero acceptance rate. In the published paper, the authors used the same toy mixture example as ours [from Sisson et al., 2007], where we earned the award of the “incredibly ugly squalid picture”, with improvements in the effective sample size, but this remains a toy example. (Hopefully a post to be continued in more depth…)
ergodicity of approximate MCMC chains with applications to large datasets
Posted in pictures, Statistics, Travel, University life with tags ABC-MCMC, accelerated ABC, Approximate Bayesian computation, austerity sampling, ergodicity, MCMC, Metropolis-Hastings algorithms, Monte Carlo Statistical Methods, Natesh Pillai, subsampling, Wasserstein distance on August 31, 2015 by xi'an
Another arXived paper I read on my way to Warwick! And yet another paper written by my friend Natesh Pillai (and his co-author Aaron Smith, from Ottawa). The goal of the paper is to study the ergodicity and the degree of approximation of the true posterior distribution of approximate MCMC algorithms that recently flourished as an answer to “Big Data” issues… [Comments below are about the second version of this paper.] One of the most curious results in the paper is the fact that the approximation may prove better than the original kernel, in terms of computing costs! If asymptotically in the computing cost. There also are acknowledged connections with the approximative MCMC kernel of Pierre Alquier, Neal Friel, Richard Everitt and A Boland, briefly mentioned in an earlier post.
The paper starts with a fairly theoretical part, to follow with an application to austerity sampling [and, in the earlier version of the paper, to the Hoeffding bounds of Bardenet et al., both discussed earlier on the ‘Og, to exponential random graphs (the paper being rather terse on the description of the subsampling mechanism), to stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (by Max Welling and Yee-Whye Teh), and to ABC-MCMC]. The assumptions are about the transition kernels of a reference Markov kernel and of one associated with the approximation, imposing some bounds on the Wasserstein distance between those kernels, K and K’. Results being generic, there is no constraint as to how K is chosen or on how K’ is derived from K. Except in Lemma 3.6 and in the application section, where the same proposal kernel L is used for both Metropolis-Hastings algorithms K and K’. While I understand this makes for an easier coupling of the kernels, this also sounds like a restriction to me in that modifying the target begs for a similar modification in the proposal, if only because the tails they are a-changin’…
In the case of subsampling the likelihood to gain computation time (as discussed by Korattikara et al. and by Bardenet et al.), the austerity algorithm as described in Algorithm 2 is surprising as the average of the sampled data log-densities and the log-transform of the remainder of the Metropolis-Hastings probability, which seem unrelated, are compared until they are close enough. I also find hard to derive from the different approximation theorems bounding exceedance probabilities a rule to decide on the subsampling rate as a function of the overall sample size and of the computing cost. (As a side if general remark, I remain somewhat reserved about the subsampling idea, given that it requires the entire dataset to be available at every iteration. This makes parallel implementations rather difficult to contemplate.)
astronomical evidence
Posted in pictures, Statistics, University life with tags ABC, ABC-MCMC, arXiv, astrostatistics, Bayes factor, Bayesian model selection, BAYSM 2014, dark energy, evidence, Ewan Cameron, falsification, reversible jump MCMC, Vienna on July 24, 2015 by xi'an
As I have a huge arXiv backlog and an even higher non-arXiv backlog, I cannot be certain I will find time to comment on those three recent and quite exciting postings connecting ABC with astro- and cosmo-statistics [thanks to Ewan for pointing out those to me!]:
Weighted ABC: a new strategy for cluster strong lensing cosmology with simulations, by Madhura Killedar et al. [Madhura won one of the three prizes at the BAYESM meeting last year]:
“We investigate the uncertainty in the calculated likelihood,and consequential ability to compare competing cosmologies…”
Inflation, evidence and falsifiability, by Giulia Gubitosi et al.:
“By considering toy models we illustrate how unfalsifiable models and paradigms are always favoured by the Bayes factor…”
Bayesian model selection without evidences: application to the dark energy equation-of-state, by Sonke Hee et al.:
“A method is presented for Bayesian model selection without explicitly computing evidences … without the need for reversible jump MCMC techniques.”
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Source Code Improvements
Testing and Documentation
Ripple is proud to announce an improved, unified interface to the Ripple Consensus Ledger: the new RippleAPI! RippleAPI merges ripple-lib and Ripple-REST into a single high-level interface for JavaScript that is fully-documented, fully-tested, schema-validated, stateless, and easier to use.
If you’re excited to get started with the new RippleAPI right away, jump right in with the following resources:
RippleAPI Beginners Guide - A tutorial that introduces the basics of RippleAPI, even if you have minimal prior experience writing JavaScript applications.
RippleAPI Reference - A thorough reference of all methods and features contained in the new API.
Sample Code - Additional code samples for a growing variety of use cases.
ripple-lib on GitHub - The RippleAPI source code is available under an open-source license so you can freely download, modify, and contribute back to the project.
For more information on how and why we built RippleAPI, read on.
Prior to RippleAPI, there were three very different APIs to the Ripple Consensus Ledger:
The rippled APIs: a low-level interface, not designed for ease of use.
The ripple-lib API: a low-level javascript interface, largely undocumented
The Ripple-REST API: a high-level HTTP interface
In order to better focus our efforts as a company, as well as providing a better experience for all users, we merged #2 and #3 into a single high-level JavaScript interface.
Unfortunately, all good things come to an end, and this is the end of the line for Ripple-REST. We are no longer developing or supporting Ripple-REST, and we recommend you migrate your applications away from it. Fortunately, RippleAPI also includes an experimental REST-like HTTP API, although this interface is currently unsupported.
Meanwhile, the rippled APIs continue to provide an alternative method of interacting with the Ripple Consensus Ledger, providing maximum power at a cost of increased complexity, so you can choose the tradeoffs that are best for your use case.
The RippleAPI source code is written in ECMAScript 6 (the latest JavaScript standard) and uses Promises to return values from asynchronous calls. The new source code also follows many of the paradigms of functional programming. The result is that the we reduced 15,000 lines of source code in ripple-lib and 6,000 lines in Ripple-REST to just 4,000 lines total in RippleAPI.
For better organization, we used the “weak layering principle” to structure the source, according to which each layer can only depend on layers below it. This means that the source files are structured into subdirectories and there are very few imports that reach into parent or sibling directories.
RippleAPI comes with a comprehensive array of tests, including 100% unit test coverage, integration tests for every method, flow type checking, ESLint checks, and automated testing of the documentation.
All API methods have JSON schemas that specify the return values and parameter types. The unit tests use the schemas to validate the return values, which guarantees that the API results are consistent with expectations.
We generate human-readable documentation using Embedded JavaScript, which utilizes the schemas to generate parameter tables and the test fixtures as code samples. Every Git commit comes with the latest copy of the resulting Markdown documentation, thanks to unit tests which ensure that the documentation has been re-generated whenever changes are made. As long as the unit tests are passing, the documentation is consistent with the tests, and therefore with the source code.
We hope that RippleAPI will help developers harness the power of the Ripple Consensus Ledger. So get started, and let us know on the forums how we’re doing!
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World Cocoa Day in Paris: Companies pledge to fight against deforestation and create a sustainable cocoa sector
On the sidelines of World Cocoa Day (October 1st), the Paris-based Syndicat du chocolat, who represents 81 private sector companies active in the French cocoa and chocolate market, organized an event dedicated to cocoa sustainability at the French Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs.
On the sidelines of World Cocoa Day (October 1st), the Paris-based Syndicat du chocolat, who represents 81 private sector companies active in the French cocoa and chocolate market, organized an event dedicated to cocoa sustainability at the French Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs. Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne, secretary at the French Foreign Ministry, and Sangafowa Coulibaly, minister of Agriculture and Rural Development of Côte d’Ivoire, were present. Dedicated to a wide-range of stakeholders in the sector, the event brought together 120 people and 13 speakers to discuss this year’s theme: the fight against deforestation. The afternoon was punctuated by two round tables composed of representatives of companies (MARS, CEMOI, MONDELEZ, VALRHONA, NESTLE), certifyers (UTZ Rainforest), NGOs (TFT), distributors ( CARREFOUR), and scientists (CIRAD) who spoke to a large audience of chocolatiers, NGOs, elected officials, government representatives and ambassadors from producing countries such as Côte d’Ivoire and Brazil.
This event made it possible to highlight for French stakeholders the commitments made by the global cocoa and chocolate sector to fight against deforestation and explore solutions such as agroforestry, geomapping of plantations, strengthening of cooperatives, living income premiusm for farmers, etc. The World Cocoa Foundation’s Cocoa & Forests Initiative was praised by Patrick Poirrier, president of the Syndicat du chocolat, and detailed by Alex Assanvo, from Mars Wrigley Confectionery, who explained the importance of collaboration between all stakeholders (public-private partnerships) to obtain concrete results.
Chocolate-makers : essential players in the fight against deforestation
In his opening speech, Patrick Poirrier reiteriated that French companies want to achieve the goal of zero deforestation chocolate. At a time when members of the Syndicat are engaged internationally in the Cocoa & Forest Initiative alongside governments of producing countries and the French government is launching a national strategy to combat imported deforestation, the Syndicat is more than ever convinced that the private sector is part of the solution.
World Cocoa Day allowed the Syndicat to obtain good media coverage on these imporant issues, and created unique opportunities for institutional engagement. This annual meeting, that the Syndicat du Chocolat has been organizing for more than four years, is a key moment to develop the dialogue between all players in the value chain and to advance the commitments of the Syndicat. In 2017, the Syndicat du Chocolat published a report bringing to life the social and environmental initiatives of chocolate companies in France entitled “Companies are acting for a sustainable cocoa”. Very soon, the Syndicat du Chocolat will publish, at the Salon du Chocolat in Paris, the second part of its commitments and go through the initiatives carried out locally in France to create a sustainable chocolate sector.
The European standard – CEN sustainable cocoa – should be published soon. It will highlight the commitment of the stakeholders of the sector towards 100% sustainable cocoa.
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Asian Mainland!
02/01/1942 British troops are outflanked by the Japanese at Kampar in Malaya and begin to withdraw to the river Slim.
04/01/1942 Chiang Kai-shek is appointed as Supreme allied commander in China.
07/01/1942 British forces continue to retreat south through central Malaya as the Japanese force a crossing of the river Slim. The British commander, General Arthur E. Percival, hopes to be able to hold at Johore until at least mid February.
11/01/1942 The Japanese 5th Division enters Kuala Lumpur, which is the main supply base for the Indian 3rd Corps. By this time Japanese forward elements are coming in to contact with the 8th Australian Division, which puts up fierce resistance, although Japanese amphibious landings to their south force them to retreat and ends British hopes of a protracted defence of Johore.
15/01/1942 The Japanese begin their invasion of Burma from Thailand, attacking up the Kra Isthmus. They quickly capture the British airfields around Tenasserim, enabling Japanese fighters to now escort bomber attacks against Rangoon.
19/01/1942 General Wavell warns Churchill that Singapore cannot be held as little had been done to prepare the landward facing defences. Churchill replies that Singapore must be defended and that 'no question of surrender be entertained until after protracted fighting among the ruins of Singapore city'. General Wavell orders General Percival to prepare Singapore Island for a siege. Japanese troop capture Tavoy as their advance continues in Burma.
20/01/1942 The Japanese 55th Division crosses the Thai-Burmese border from Raheng. They quickly threaten Moulmein in Burma, using the same tactics as in Malaya of outflanking British forces through the Jungle.
21/01/1942 General Joseph W. Stillwell is appointed as Chief of Staff to Chiang Kai-shek.
22/01/1942 Reinforcements reach Singapore as an Indian Brigade is landed.
24/01/1942 More reinforcements arrive at Singapore to boost its defenses as the British 18th Division is landed.
25/01/1942 Thailand declares war on Britain and the US.
30/01/1942 The Japanese capture Moulmein and its airfield in Burma as the British forces evacuate and withdraw across the river Salween.
31/01/1942 British and Commonwealth forces complete their evacuation of Malaya and withdraw to Singapore Island across the causeway with the Japanese only 8 miles away. Singapore now has the equivalent of four divisions to defend it, but morale is low and there are serious shortages of weapons. An additional Indian Brigade is landed at Rangoon and sent to join the 17th Indian Division.
The British refuse to surrender at Singapore, heavy bombardment by the Japanese continues for 4 days.
07/02/1942 Lt. General Percival, the commander at Singapore, says city will be held to the last man. The Japanese launch a feint landing on Pulua Ubin Island to the east of Singapore.
08/02/1942 The Japanese land on the western side of Singapore Island, encountering only minimal resistance.
09/02/1942 By dawn the Japanese 5th and 18th Divisions have firmly established themselves on the island and begin to advance south-east towards Singapore city.
10/02/1942 Wavell makes his last visit to Singapore, but by now there was nothing he could do to alter the outcome.
11/02/1942 Japanese troops cross the river Salween in Burma. This caused concern for the commander on the 17th Indian Division, Lieutenant General John Smyth, who felt that his troops might be cut off. He urged Burma Army commander, Lieutenant General Hutton to allow him to withdraw across the river Sittang. However, he was ordered to hold firm on the river Bilin.
15/02/1942 Singapore surrenders to the Japanese, a decision prompted as much as anything by the plight of the 1,000,000 civilian inhabitants of the island. 9,000 British, Australian and Empire troops are killed and 130,000 captured, many of which will find themselves working as slaves on the notorious Burma-Thai Railway. The Japanese casualties amount to around 9,000 killed or wounded.
16/02/1942 The Australian Prime Minister Curtin, calls the surrender of Singapore ‘Australia’s Dunkirk’.
19/02/1942 Under increasing threat of being outflanked by the advancing Japanese, the 17th Indian Division is finally given permission to withdraw across the river Sittang.
23/02/1942 While the 17th Indian Division is withdrawing across the river Sittang, the Japanese launch an attack to capture the Bridge. Lieutenant General Smyth, orders the bridge to be blown, even though more than half his division has still to cross. The remnants of the 17th Indian Division, withdraw to Pegu, where they are joined by the 7th Armoured Brigade, which had recently arrived from the Middle East. For prematurely blowing up the bridge on the river Sittang, Lieutenant General Smyth is removed from command of the 17th Indian Division by General Wavell.
28/02/1942 Japanese are only 50 miles north of Rangoon.
02/03/1942 General Wavell reassumes post as C-in-C India and Burma. Burma is now cut off from the Southwest Pacific.
03/03/1942 General Chiang Kai-shek meets General Wavell in Burma.
05/03/1942 General Sir Harold Alexander arrives at Rangoon to take over command of Burma Army from Lieutenant General Hutton. Wavell had given Alexander orders to hold Rangoon at all costs. Immediately, orders were issue for the 1st Burma Division to counter-attack the Japanese from the north and 17th Indian Division which had be reinforced was to attack east of Pegu. Both attacks failed and Alexander realised that Rangoon could not be held. He ordered that Rangoon be evacuated and his troops withdraw north to the Irrawaddy Valley to regroup.
06/03/1942 Japanese cut all roads north of Rangoon, trapping the British at Pegu.
08/03/1942 Rangoon falls to the Japanese as the British forces escape to the north. The 17th Indian Division was now holding the Irrawaddy area and the 1st Burma Division the upper Sittang valley. The Chinese Expeditionary Force were farther north, with the Fifth Chinese Army defending Mandalay and the 6th Chinese Army was at Toungoo and defending the Burmese province of Shan.
09/03/1942 US General Stilwell becomes Chiang Kai-shek’s Chief of Staff.
12/03/1942 The British evacuate their garrison from the Andaman Islands, just off the Burmese coast south of Rangoon.
19/03/1942 General Bill Slim is appointed as commander of the 1st Burma Corps, which covers all British, Indian and Burmese troops in Burma. This left General Alexander to concentrate on co-ordination with the Chinese.
20/03/1942 Japanese troops, reinforced by the 18th and 56th Division which had arrived by sea at Rangoon a few days earlier, attack the 6th Chinese Army near Toungoo in Burma.
23/03/1942 Japanese troops capture the Andaman Island.
24/03/1942 The British Government refuses to hold an inquiry into the loss of Singapore during a Lords debate.
28/03/1942 In response to General Stilwell's request for a British counter-attack to relieve the pressure on Chinese forces around Toungoo, Alexander orders the 1st Burma Corps to attack at Paungde and Prome in the Irrawaddy valley.
30/03/1942 The 6th Chinese Army abandons Toungoo, and fails to destroy the bridge over the river Sittang as well. This leaves the way to the Chinese border wide open for the Japanese Army. The abandonment of Toungoo also exposed 1st Burma Corps left flank, whose attacks in the Prome area had been turned back by the Japanese. It was therefore forced to withdraw towards the Yenangyuang oilfields.
01/04/1942 The Japanese force the Chinese out of Toungoo, north of Rangoon.
02/04/1942 British retreat from Prome, upper Burma.
03/04/1942 Japanese aircraft bomb Mandalay in central Burma, killing 2,000. They met no opposition from the RAF as all its aircraft had by now been withdrawn to India.
09/04/1942 Mahatma Gandhi arrested in India.
10/04/1942 British negotiations in India break down.
12/04/1942 Japanese troops capture Migyaungye in Burma, which exposes the western flank of 1st Burma Corps at put the oilfields at Yenangyuang under threat.
15/04/1942 The British begin to destroy the oil wells at Yenangyuang. The 1st Burma Division with the help of the 38th Chinese Division, manages to extricate itself from a pocket south of Yenangyuang, before being completely surrounded.
23/04/1942 Churchill tells the House of Commons of disasters in Japanese war.
29/04/1942 Japanese troops capture Lashio, thereby cutting the vital 'Burma Road' supply route into China.
30/04/1942 The British 1st Burma Corps completes its withdrawal over the Irrawaddy at Mandalay in Burma.
01/05/1942 The Japanese capture Monywa and Mandalay. The fall of Monywa was especially serious as this threatened to cut off the British withdrawal towards India. This turned a reasonably well organised withdrawal, in to a headlong retreat as British troops tried to avoid being cut off.
04/05/1942 Akyab on the Burmese coast is abandoned by the British.
05/05/1942 The Japanese advance into China along the Burma Road.
08/05/1942 Japanese troops capture Myitkyina in northern Burma.
11/05/1942 British retreat across Chindwin completed.
15/05/1942 British forces retreating from Burma reach the Indian frontier. General Stilwell crosses the border in to Assam in India.
20/05/1942 The rearguards of the 1st Burma Corps cross the border from Burma into India. Once this is complete, the 1st Burma Corps is disbanded.
21/05/1942 Japan allows International Red Cross representatives to visit British prisoners.
24/05/1942 General Stilwell arrives in Delhi.
29/05/1942 The Chinese are defeated by Japanese forces at Kinhwa in Chekiang province south of Shanghai.
30/07/1942 Chinese recapture Tsingtien in Eastern Chekiang, cutting off the Japanese at Wenchow.
01/08/1942 Japanese establish a puppet government in Burma.
30/08/1942 Chinese claim the recapture of the whole of Kiangsi, which was captured in last Japanese offensive.
21/09/1942 British forces begin their first land counter-offensive against the Japanese in Arakan, western Burma.
20/12/1942 The Japanese bomb Calcutta for the first time.
21/12/1942 British troops cross the Burmese border from India and head southeast towards Akyab.
World War 2 Timelines 1939-1945 - Pacific Islands 1942
World War 2 Timelines 1939-1945 - Asian Mainland 1943
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Gameday for Disney to Boost ESPN Growth
Disney will soon have a chance to reverse the negative sentiment around ESPN
The ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex at Walt Disney World in Orlando, Fla, in May 2016. ESPN has struggled as expensive long-term contracts to broadcast sports kicked in just as subscribers were starting to flee.Photo: Peter Byrne/Zuma Press
Miriam Gottfried
Updated July 17, 2017 10:56 am ET
Worries about ESPN have weighed on Walt Disney’s stock price over the past two years. Soon, Disney will have a chance to do something about it.
Disney is set to begin talks over its contract with cable operator Altice USA, which expires this fall. The deal will be the first of a series of new contracts Disney will negotiate with pay-TV providers that will allow it to offset subscriber declines at ESPN.
ESPN...
Worries about ESPN have weighed on Walt Disney ’s stock price over the past two years. Soon, Disney will have a chance to do something about it.
Disney is set to begin talks over its contract with cable operator Altice USA , which expires this fall. The deal will be the first of a series of new contracts Disney will negotiate with pay-TV providers that will allow it to offset subscriber declines at ESPN.
ESPN has struggled as expensive long-term contracts to broadcast sports kicked in just as subscribers were starting to flee. Now its challenge is to recoup those costs by raising prices and tightening rules over how many subscribers can migrate to TV packages that exclude ESPN.
The sport network’s presence in U.S. pay-TV households has fallen by around 6 percentage points to 89% since fiscal 2013, according to MoffettNathanson. The research firm estimates ESPN has lost more than 5 million subscribers from people downgrading to less expensive “skinny” bundles.
Disney can’t stop U.S. consumers from dropping pay TV. But it can offset the decline by boosting its annual price increases and by using “minimum penetration guarantees”—provisions in its contracts that stipulate which TV packages ESPN must appear on and what portion of pay-TV subscribers must receive it. The ideal outcome might include a combination of both.
Assuming Disney already increases the prices it charges cable and satellite companies for ESPN by 5% a year, bumping that up to 6% as it signs new deals would boost fee revenue by 4% a year to $12.56 billion from 2016 to 2022, MoffettNathanson estimates. This assumes its subscriber base declines at a compound annual rate of 2%. If Disney can use minimum penetration guarantees to add back 2.5 million of the subscribers it lost to skinny bundles, it could get an additional $400 million in fee revenue over the period, the firm says.
There may be other levers at Disney’s disposal, including the August 2019 launch of the ACC Network for which ESPN will split the profits with the Atlantic Coast Conference. Another is Disney’s planned streaming service with BAMTech, which will feature sports that don’t appear on ESPN’s TV channels. If all of this goes in Disney’s favor, its compound annual growth rate for domestic cable revenue from affiliate fees would be 6%, MoffettNathanson estimates.
Bears may argue Disney lacks the leverage to negotiate such terms. But pay-TV providers themselves are projecting programming costs will rise, and it is highly unlikely that any would risk dropping ESPN. Moreover, Disney negotiates for all of its networks at once, so if ESPN looks expensive, distributors may still be getting ABC relatively cheaply.
For Disney, which got about 33% of its operating income from its cable networks segment in the first six months of fiscal 2017, a solid boost in revenue could juice profits and change investor perceptions about the company. Disney got 57% of operating income from cable in 2012.
At 15.9 times forward earnings estimates, Disney’s shares trade below their five-year average of 17.4 times. A better outlook for ESPN could give the mouse house a makeover.
Write to Miriam Gottfried at Miriam.Gottfried@wsj.com
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Coastal Facilities
At WSP, we build breakwaters, intake and outfall pipelines, dredge and reclaim land, ensuring that your shores are protected and resilient.
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Half the world's population lives within 60km of the sea, and three-quarters of all large cities are located along a major body of water. Commercial trade, tourism and development, natural phenomena and environmental protection are all factors affecting our coasts. Coastal facilities enable the development of creative and practical solutions to engineering challenges in marine environments. Understanding the dynamics of waterways, their shorelines, and the associated hydraulics and flow characteristics is critical to protection—and sustainable development—of our valuable water resources.
The proper repair of damaged waterways is essential to environmental protection and commercial pursuits. We provide the expertise and tools to identify, adapt, and integrate advanced solutions into systems that improve the performance and safety of ocean, coastal, and marine operations. In addition to tackling the challenges of climate change, onshore and offshore renewables, reclamation, and regeneration, we provide solutions to protect infrastructure, property, and people from severe weather events and other environmental risks, while focusing on creating sustainable built and natural environments for the future. Our approach also includes physical and numerical modelling, visualizations tools, engineering analysis, technology development, as well as field work.
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Dredging and Land Reclamation
Dredging and Reclamation
WSP has an extensive, proven track record of providing advanced solutions for dredging and reclamation projects, including consultation, design, and supervision services. Over the past few decades, the dredging industry has faced numerous challenges and is constantly transforming as it adapts to the different economic realities across the continents. Dredging is technologically demanding and often requires a high capital investment early in the project lifecycle. It is therefore pivotal to ensure the most efficient, technically sound, and cost-effective solution for the project under consideration.
Traditional dredging activities centre on the construction and maintenance of ports and harbours, as well as on the dredging of rivers and navigation channels. Other applications have also become popular in recent years, such as land reclamation, coastal defences, mineral mining, and bespoke structures built for environmental enhancement. Airports, container terminals, industrial developments and residential areas are typical examples where dredging can play a pivotal role in the realization of the project. At WSP, we are proud to offer our clients industry-leading solutions and assistance, as well as design and supervision services across all aspects of dredging throughout the project lifecycle.
Breakwater in Calshot Harbour, St Tristan da Cunha
Breakwaters
At WSP, we have long-standing expertise with the key parameters that affect breakwater performance and a proven track record of delivering breakwater projects across the globe. We know that vessel downtime is a serious issue for a busy modern commercial port, so we employ state-of- the-art optimization techniques to ensure that breakwaters create calm and quiet water for marine traffic. In construction, methodology and materials should be considered to devise a truly optimal solution.
Factors that affect the overall design of a breakwater include the choice of materials, site conditions, construction techniques and the future maintenance regime for the structure. WSP has experience in the design of all sizes of breakwaters, from shore-based groynes or fishtails measuring just tens of meters right up to shore-based or offshore breakwaters stretching over several kilometers. We have developed a robust repertoire of design techniques, including basic design, physical model testing, detailed design, and preparation of technical specifications – all tailored to the specific requirements of each new breakwater.
Our in-house geotechnical capability is tailored to individual projects to mitigate the settlement issues that are sometimes encountered during the construction and post-construction stages. We also have established relationships with industry-recognized physical modelling laboratories who construct physical models to allow design testing in simulated environments, eliminating guesswork and providing insight into the future performance of a given design in a real port scenario. Our team also has a wide range of site supervision experience, from condition surveys and repair design to site supervision – both for new constructions and as part of a remediation or maintenance project.
Intake and Outfall Pipelines
WSP has a proven track record of intake and outfall projects spanning decades, across the full spectrum of projects from cooling water and desalination plants to industrial and domestic effluents. We also perform conceptualization and design of intake structures and pipelines, including the prediction of effluent dilution, engineering surf zone crossings, and the specification of site-appropriate materials. Our expertise enables us to assess hydrodynamic and water quality around intakes and outfalls using oceanographic studies and modelling, assessing the impact on vulnerable habitats, and coastal zones, including beach water quality where applicable.
Water abstraction from, or discharge to, the marine environment remain important engineering requirements. Both are subject to strict environmental legislation to ensure the impact on oceans and inland water bodies are minimized. Traditionally, seawater abstraction has been primarily used as cooling water for power generation plants, especially in the nuclear sector, and the cooling of buildings in hot and dry climates has also gained popularity in recent years. In addition, the scarcity of drinking water in many arid regions has given rise to desalination and therefore a new use for abstracted seawater.
WSP was appointed for the design and construction monitoring of the Trekkopje Uranium Mine in Namibia. Water supply to the mine is provided by the largest desalination plant in Sub-Saharan Africa with an abstraction capacity of 3m 3 per second. We provided the required capacity through two intake pipelines that extend some 1.2km into the ocean.
Passenger and Recreational Ports
Marine Infrastructure
Port Planning and Analysis
Port, Marine, and Intermodal Terminal Engineering
Building Information Modelling - BIM
Geotechnical and Ground Engineering
Lighting Design for Transport Infrastructure
Hong Kong International Terminals (CT4,6,7,8 East and 9 North)
This is the largest privately developed and operated container terminal in Hong Kong.
Oranjemund, Karas Region, Namibia
Shoreline Accretion for Diamond Mining
Provision of a specialist modelling service by WSP allows for the planning of the strategic land reclamation essential to extending the life of the diamond mine, where on-land reserves have been almost totally depleted.
Calshot Harbour, Tristan da Cunha
St Tristan da Cunha Breakwater Repair
Breakwater repair on world’s most remote inhabited island is critical for the long-term survival of its inhabitants.
Groundbreaking land development project, involving bridges, roads, marine structures, utilities, power, water, and tunnels
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DEGREE PLAN REQUEST
GRADUATION APPLICATION
Enterprise Center
Southwestern Economic Review (SWER)
CashCourse
Journal Background
Established in 1974, the Southwestern Economic Review is published annually by the Southwestern Society of Economists. The Southwestern Society of Economists is affiliated with the Federation of Business Disciplines. The Paul and Virginia Engler College of Business at West Texas A&M University is the current host of the journal. Prior host institutions of the Southwestern Economic Review include Baylor University, Ray Perryman, editor; Arkansas State University, John Kaminarides, editor; and Texas Christian University, Ed McNertney, editor.
The website for the Southwestern Economic Review is http://swer.wtamu.edu. It contains past issues and manuscript guidelines. No submission or publicaiton fees are required. The annual membership fee of the Society is $45 and includes a subscription to the Southwestern Economic Review. There are no journal submission or publication fees.
Submission and Contact Information
The Southwestern Economic Review is listed in Cabell's, EBSCO, and EconLit with an acceptance rate of 25%. The journal ISSN number is 1941-7683. Topics of interest include behavioral economics, econometrics, economic development, economic education, economic history, consumer behavior, entrepreneurship, finance, financial accounting, fiscal policy, industrial organization, international economics & trade, international finance, labor economics, law & economics, macroeconomics, microeconomics, monetary policy, public policy economics, and regional economics.
Please direct questions to the editor at:
Anne Macy, Editor
Southwestern Economic Review
Canyon, TX 79016
E-Mail: amacy@wtamu.edu
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Treasure found in pack of cards
By BRAD KEITH Sports Editor
Ragan Wood is one of millions of young boys nationwide who collect football trading cards. The Stephenville eight-year-old has cards featuring LaDanian Tomlinson, Roy Williams and Julius Jones, among many others. His favorite, however, is a brand new rookie card of a Philadelphia Eagles quarterback who has yet to play a single down of professional football. Young Ragan is the proud owner of one of the very first cards featuring former Stephenville Yellow Jacket Kevin Kolb.
Ragan found the Kolb card in a random pack selected off the shelves of the Stephenville Wal-Mart SuperCenter, while shopping with his grandmother, Danette Wood, and cousin Jase Kleidrink.
�I had the boys with me, and they both wanted packs of cards,� Mrs. Wood said. �I told them they could each pick out one pack.�
�What are the odds of buying that one pack and getting that one card?� asked Ragan�s father, James Wood, who has already been offered $100 for the card from co-workers at Square-1, Inc.
�I wouldn�t sell that card for a million bucks!� Wood exclaimed. �Ragan goes to all the Stephenville football camps and is a huge fan. The card means too much to him. He wants to get it signed at some point. That�s the goal now.�
The Kolb card could not have possibly found its way into the hands of a family who loves sports more than the Woods. Grandmother Danette, who purchased the pack of cards, was the football sweetheart in her hometown of Richland Springs, where she met her future husband, Don.
Ragan himself plays SPARD youth football. He recently played for Coach Daniel Martin on the Trojans, and earned the nickname �Brick.� He is also a regular at Yellow Jacket football camps, where he placed first this summer in his age division�s 20-yard dash competition.
Like many local football fans, the Wood family has admired Kolb�s gridiron prowess since his playing days at SHS. Grandfather Don Wood tells the story of a family member with coaching experience from Washington state, who visited Stephenville when Kolb was in high school. Wood took his guest to the high school to check out the facilities, and they saw Kolb hard at work in the weight room.
�(My guest) told me. �that boy there will make a great quarterback if he gets some special coaching.� I guess we�re going to have to call and tell him Kolb must have got that special coaching somewhere along the way,� the elder Wood said.
The card is believed to be one of the first in circulation, since Kolb is a rookie and has yet to begin his first regular season. This particular model is from the Score company, which produces cards featuring athletes in all major professional sports.
On the front of the Score card, Kolb is shown in his Eagles uniform. The word �rookie� is inscribed in text running vertically from bottom to top on the left side of the card. The back shows his college stats from the University of Houston, where Kolb played for former Stephenville coach Art Briles.
Below the stats, a brief summary of Kolb�s collegiate career reads: �Kolb started from his first day on the Houston campus, throwing for 3,133 yards and 25 touchdowns as a true freshman in 2003. He also threw just six interceptions that season.�
The monetary value of the card will change through the years, as Kolb goes through the ups and downs of life in the NFL. It�s the sentimental value that makes it a prized possession for a young future Yellow Jacket like Ragan Wood.
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PREVIEW | Yeovil Town v Cambridge United
The Glovers host the U's in Sky Bet League Two
PPAUK
Saturday sees Town host Cambridge United (3pm) in the penultimate fixture of a five-game run of matches at Huish Park.
Shaun Derry's side head to Somerset in Sky Bet League Two looking for a first win in five, whilst the Green & Whites are looking to record back-to-back league wins.
Lewis Wing, Rhys Browne and Jake Gray secured a 3-0 win over Grimsby Town in midweek, with United going down 3-1 at Coventry City.
Having hosted Chesterfield, Manchester United and Grimsby in succession at Huish Park, Darren Way's side will continue to try and make home advantage count at the weekend.
They'll do so with no fresh injury concerns, although will still be without the services of Bevis Mugabi (hamstring), Oscar Gobern (hamstring), Marcus Barnes (ankle), James Bailey (knee) and Dan Alfei (knee).
Joint top scorer Otis Khan will serve the third of a five-match suspension, leaving Town with 19 players to choose from.
The Cambridgeshire outfit will head south hoping top scorer Uche Ikpeazu can be the difference (10 goals), having netted in the reverse fixture.
Yeovil go into the encounter with five victories to Cambridge's four in the previous 10 meetings.
However, the Glovers are without a win in the last five encounters, narrowly losing the reverse fixture 2-1 back in October despite Bevis Mugabi's headed effort.
Town's most emphatic win at Huish Park came in 2004, as Gavin Williams, Andy Bishop, Adam Stansfield and Colin Miles secured a 4-1 win.
Darren Drysdale (Lincolnshire) will be the man in the middle on Saturday.
Taking charge of his 32nd match of the season, it will be his first involving Town since March 2017 having overseen the 3-3 draw at Exeter City.
Mr Drysdale will be assisted by Adrian Tranter (Dorset) and Kevin Howick (Oxfordshire) with Louis Marks (Hampshire) acting as fourth official.
The pre-match thoughts of manager Darren Way and Rhys Browne can be viewed on iFollow Glovers.
On matchday, minute-by-minute updates will be provided on YTFC's official Twitter account and live matchday centre.
If you’re unable to attend the game, live audio commentary is available via the iFollow Glovers service, with the monthly and season subscriptions offering full-match replays from Sunday.
A full match report will follow on YTFC.net at full time with post-match reaction from the manager and a member of the playing staff following soon after.
Home and away supporters can buy tickets on the day of the match. Buy in advance to save money and beat matchday queues at Huish Park.
For more information, visit our Home Tickets page.
Yeovil Town vs Cambridge United on 03 Feb 18
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MIT to launch Kerberos Consortium
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is to launch the Kerberos Consortium to provide funding and input for development of the protocol
By Tom Espiner | September 19, 2007 -- 15:04 GMT (08:04 PDT) | Topic: Security
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is to launch a consortium to further the development of Kerberos, its single sign-on authentication protocol.
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) said the Kerberos Consortium, which will be launched on 27 September, is being formed to "provide a mechanism to permit greater industry participation in the funding and development of Kerberos, and thus allow it to evolve into the universal single sign-on mechanism users need, but do not yet have".
Kerberos was initially developed by MIT in the 1980s, and was released under an open-source licence in 1987. MIT has funded the project since then, but said it has reached a stage where it can no longer meet the demand for development.
"Kerberos has become one of the most widely adopted authentication methods in the history of computer networks. It's become successful beyond MIT's internal capacity to respond to the world's demands for development, testing and support. So we need a new organisational structure that can accommodate the demand," reads the Kerberos Consortium website.
MIT claims that Kerberos protocols are built into all major operating systems, including those from Microsoft, Apple, Red Hat and Sun, and that a conservative estimate would be that it has 100 million users worldwide. However, MIT said that not all Windows or Apple customers actively use Kerberos, as it is mostly used for enterprise authentication.
Search giant Google joined the Kerberos Consortium on Tuesday. Kerberos Consortium donors will form the sponsor executive advisory board, which can influence Kerberos standards development.
Security TV Data Management CXO Data Centers
More from Tom Espiner
Photos: Tesco pilots 'virtual store' for Gatwick airport travellers
NHS trust fined £175,000 over data leak
Vodafone to open Tech City incubator
IT meltdown to cost RBS £125m
App devs delayed upgrading apps, but lost in the long run due to more negative reviews and less Play Store visibility.
Email scammer's plan to defraud 200,000 airport customers is foiled
The NCSC's Active Cyber Defence report outlines how the scheme has helped defend the UK from hackers - and outlines plans for continuing to do so in future. ...
Hacker steals data of millions of Bulgarians, emails it to local media
Source of the data breach appears to be the country's National Revenue Agency.
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yetanotherlefty
Things that I think about stuff
Gender Recognition: Our Absolutely Non-Negotiable Terms
Posted by yetanotherlefty
I know I’ve talked about Gender Recognition before. And I know I’ve promised to write about my research that recently shows that I, along with hundreds of other UK based adults, essentially CANNOT GET MARRIED but I’m still dealing with my own emotional response to being told I either have to be okay with being misgendered at my wedding, misgendered on my civil partnership certificate, elope to Scotland or… well, or get my gender recognised at both considerable financial cost and by submitting myself to bureaucratic torture. And allow my name to be added to a secret government list of trans people. Just so I can safely and legally get married to the person I want to marry. Read this by D H Kelly or any of my many previous posts on the topic to get an idea of how difficult and expensive and transphobic the current system is. There’s apparently going to be a consultation “in the Autumn” so now seems like a good time to write down our lines in the sand – those things that are absolutely necessary and not negotiable.
For any Gender Recognition system to work at all it must be:
Available to all ages, including children.
Available to all people, including those who are not citizens
Free or extremely low cost
Available for every gender and none
Possibility of having more than one gender legally recognised as the genders of one person
Possible to change over and over again with no limits on how many times or how often
Based entirely on self-definition with no medical opinions, no length-of-time-you-must-be-out first and no panel with the ability to refuse to recognise someone’s gender
Everyone who has a gender recognition application currently waiting to be seen by the Gender Recognition Panel should be approved for gender recognition right away, before the new self-definition method starts – they’ve waited long enough
No veto power given to spouses, parents or anyone other than the individual whose gender needs to be updated
No records kept of who updated their gender and when.
The destruction of the current Gender Recognition Register and apologies (and compensation) to those whose information was stored in it
Updated birth certificates available as quickly and simply as possible and at the same cost as obtaining a copy of any birth certificate
Immediate ability to marry in the updated gender (if adults otherwise able to marry)
Immediate ability to have updated marriage or civil partnership certificates, change from a marriage to a civil partnership or vice versa or update names and genders of parents on a child’s birth certificate
The minimum possible number of people and pieces of paper should be involved to update a gender. Ideally, one would be able to update your own gender by writing a letter to HMRC but I would also accept a deed poll like system (see below).
A legal assumption that a person’s gender is what they say it is regardless of what their paperwork says and paperwork only required for the tiny number of occasions when one’s gender is legally relevant
In the UK, we currently treat names very much like I wish we treated gender. Your name is whatever you say it is, you are assumed to be named whatever you say you are named, you can have more than one name and you can change it instantly and easily as often as you like. Where it is legally relevant exactly what your name is, you might need paperwork. Updating your paperwork name can be done instantly with one piece of paper and a witness or two. No courts, no fee, no solicitor required. Even changing the name of a child can be done without a court or a solicitor if everyone with parental responsibility agrees to the change. Although deed polls don’t change birth certificates, the mechanisms to change information recorded on birth certificates does exist – if your parents marry after you were born, even decades afterwards they can still re-register your birth to show them as married and change your birth name to their married name if that’s different from what your birth certificate says your name is. It’s not that the structures needed to update names and genders on birth certificates on request don’t exist – it’s really that the people behind some of the current laws on gender recognition and on marriage would really like to make it very difficult for trans people to legally exist as ourselves.
Other things I really, really want to happen but am not sure should be considered absolutely essential:
EVERY BIRTHING PARENT be given the option to be listed as “Parent”, “Mother” or “Father” on their child’s birth certificate (currently you have to be a “Mother” if you give birth, even if you are legally male). Same for the other parent.
Any adult of any gender(s) be legally able to marry any other non-related adult regardless of their gender(s). This would require significant changes to the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act which long time readers will know I advocated for *before that bill was passed*. Unfortunately, the Act doubles down on making marriage gendered and essentially created “ManWithWoman Marriage” and “Same Sex Couple Marriage” as two different, still separate institutions.
Phasing out recording sex at birth in the first place. This would really, really solve a lot of problems for everyone and one state or another is going to have to go first. If we stopped assigning people legal genders, we’d eventually no longer need to have structures in place to update those genders. People would have genders in the same way they currently have races and religions – by ticking boxes on the census and on equality monitoring forms without anyone telling them they’re wrong if one year they start to tick a different box.
No step between “Fill in this form” and “Get your records updated”. Currently you have to wait to receive your Gender Recognition Certificate and then use that to get a new birth certificate. That doesn’t seem at all necessary and has lead to a lot of orgs demanding (illegally) to see your GRC before they’ll update your gender records
Give all trans people the protection of privacy that GRCs are supposed to give to just some of us. If it’s against the law to out some of us as trans, it should be for all of us with or without a piece of paper
Honestly I wish they would fire every single person in the civil service who came up with the Spousal Veto
Updating your gender to no longer be considered grounds for divorce (and preferably for the UK to get “no fault” divorce already) or grounds for a celebrant to refuse to marry someone
Please think about how much the current system must suck if I can put some of this stuff into “Nice to have” instead of “absolutely essential”. Some of those could easily go into “Absolutely Essential” and that’s where some other people are going to want to put them. Other people are likely going to look at my list of “Absolutely Necessary and Non-Negotiable” and think “We’re never actually going to get all of that” and will demand the much less they feel we’re actually likely to get. If you are that way inclined, please don’t. Please don’t drop trans children’s or nonbinary trans people’s needs so that binary trans adults might get ours. Please don’t settle for a system that’s LESS traumatic rather than one that’s NOT traumatic or one where fewer people get a say on your gender but you still don’t get to assert it yourself.
We might not get the sort of system I’m asking for but if we don’t AIM to get a radical, self-definition only, updates to certificates etc on demand for everyone, no fucking secret list of trans people, all genders and all ages system then we will guarantee that we don’t get one. Aim for the best not what you think you can get away with. Please.
There’s a consultation coming up. We’re not sure when yet. When it does, please, please make all of these demands as clearly as you can. Our genders are ours and the government has no right to dictate them to us.
And I really think I’d like to get married without misgendering myself. Please, I need your help to make that even possible.
Tagged activism, dearcispeople, Feminism, gender, gender identity, gender recognition, human rights, identity, intersectionality, LGBT, LGBTQ, love, marriage, marriage equality, Oppression, patriarchy, politics, prejudice, relationships, respect, Scotland. gender recognition law, solidarity, structural transphobia, Tories, trans, transgender, transphobia, UK law
Be Yourself! But Not Like That!
A while ago, I tweeted something like this:
“Cis society: Be yourself!
Trans people: Yes, okay
Cis society: No, not like that!”
It’s been running through my head a lot since. I figured it deserves a blog post.
I see this as a sibling post to my often shared post about the pressure I feel as a bi person to “choose” to “be straight”… Because I feel a similar pressure to “choose” to be cis.
There is a very strong message that often comes from within trans communities as well as from cis society that says that being trans is so, so intrinsically awful that nobody would (or *should*) be trans if they could possibly avoid it. Indeed, many people spend months or years trying to convince themselves that they don’t want to transition when they actually do because of this very prevalent idea.
And just as with sexuality where most people will concede that some people can’t choose not to be gay, it’s understood that some people can’t be cis but it is frequently suggested that some people do have a choice – and that the “correct” choice is to be cis if at all possible.
I would be rich if I had a quid for every time someone tried to convince me that I should be able to live as a cis woman instead of as a trans man.
People told me (as if I somehow didn’t know) that women can dress in men’s clothes, that women can do and be anything men can, that it’s okay to be a lesbian, that it’s okay to be butch, that women can be androgynous and still be women… And I don’t disagree with any of these things! They just aren’t reasons why I should be someone I’m not.
I also frequently get told that I’d be “prettier” as a woman, that more men would be attracted to me if I lived as a woman, that more women would be attracted to me… And I don’t believe that. Authenticity is much more attractive than forced cisnormativity ever could be and even if it weren’t, I wasn’t born to be attractive I was born to be my best self.
The ways people have tried to convince me to stop being a man say a lot about why they think trans people transition. I’m not trying to become more attractive, I’m not looking at the clothes I want to wear and trying to make my identity “match” the side of the shop I find my clothes in. I don’t think that men are any better than women and I’m not trying to avoid homophobia. I know that women can be butch or androgynous – I’m not trying to escape one set of restrictive gender roles by fitting myself into another set.
I am, quite simply, trying to be myself.
While pretending to be a girl / woman made me deeply unhappy and caused me mental pain and anguish, that isn’t even really the reason I live as a man. I live as a man because THAT IS WHO I AM. There is no good reason why I should try to “be” anyone else but me.
Think about it, especially if you aren’t trans. Can you really imagine people telling you that who you are is wrong and you should be someone else instead? Imagine for a minute being told to act like someone else for the rest of your life and being told that the other made up, false “you” was actually more real than anything you thought or felt about who you are. Like going undercover or acting, say, but forever. It’d be doable, sure, but could you be happy? Could you be even satisfied with a lifetime of being someone else, even someone almost but not-quite like you? Or would the not-right-ness wear you down? Would the pressure of hiding anything that might blow your cover eat away at you? Would you be tempted to call it quits and just be yourself and hang the consequences?
I could, in theory at least, live as though I were a cis woman. But why on earth would I trade my integrity and authenticity for a thin veneer of cis privilege?
If you feel like you’re pretending to be someone else and you want to try being yourself, you don’t need to wait for the facade to be killing you to be “allowed” to drop it. Whether that’s a gender, a sexuality, a religion, a relationship, a career or something as simple as having a name that isn’t working for you, you don’t have to wait for things to feel completely intolerable to make a change. You deserve to be your self, with integrity and authenticity, right now.
I don’t need to earn the right to be myself or to suffer through every possible attempt to find a way to me kinda like myself but not trans before I can be the trans man that I am. No one should have to exhaust every other option before being who they are just because who they are is trans.
To expect otherwise (and many people do expect otherwise) is to insist that being cis or appearing to be cis is innately better than being trans. It’s not.
We all deserve to be ourselves. So don’t you dare tell me it’d be better if I was someone else instead.
Tagged acceptance, activism, choice, dearcispeople, does being trans ruin ur life, Feminism, freedom, gender, gender identity, identity, inclusion, intersectionality, LGBT, LGBTQ, microaggressions, normality, Oppression, patriarchy, People, politics, prejudice, respect, stereotypes, trans, trans 101, trans health, transgender, transphobia
What’s the big deal about misgendering?
Note: this post will have loads of links in it… later. It’s the middle of the night now and I’ve a busy day of hospital appointments tomorrow so I’m going to publish first, add links in a few days.
A thing that cis people frequently seem to misunderstand is why misgendering trans people is a problem. Often they’ve tried imagining or remembering someone calling them by the wrong pronoun or calling them miss instead of sir or vice versa and thought to themself “Well, that wouldn’t be so bad really, just a bit annoying I guess”. And while that might seem like a good way to try to understand, it misses the point almost completely.
“Misgendering” or “degendering” is the word for when someone uses gendered or non-gendered words in such a way as to state or imply that another person is a different gender than they are. It is possible to misgender a cis person but the misgendering I want to talk about is the misgendering of trans people as this is both usually more harmful and more prevalent.
Trigger warnings for examples of both intentional and unintentional transphobia in this section
Some examples of misgendering:
A. Mr Thompson is a teacher. He says “Your son is doing very well at maths” to Mr Patel whose *daughter* Rubina is a trans girl. This is misgendering. Even if Rubina is not in the room and even if Mr Thompson believes that Mr Patel does not support Rubina’s gender – unless Rubina has specifically requested that she be referred to as though male to her father, she should be referred to in the same way as any cis girl.
B. Angelica accidentally calls her friend Tamsin by her pre-transition name. This is misgendering whether or not Tamsin is in earshot.
C. Beth meets Chris in a cafe and can’t tell what gender Chris is. Instead of asking, Beth guesses that Chris is a woman and says “I’m sitting with the lady by the window” to the barista. Chris is a trans man and is really hurt by Beth’s assumption. This is misgendering even though Beth thought she was using the correct pronoun.
D. Bradley sees a trans woman in the street and yells “You’re a guy!” at her. He later refers to her as “he-she” and “it” when telling his friends about his day.
End of examples, end of trigger warning.
So, what’s the big deal? Why is misgendering trans people so hurtful and why might cis people not understand that it’d be a real problem?
The thing is, when someone suggests I’m a woman and not a man, that’s not an isolated thing. It’s another act in a series of acts that started before I was even born, reminding me again that the world generally doesn’t see me as a man but as a woman playing pretend. We all live in a society that denies trans people’s lived reality constantly whether that’s demanding the right to decide our genders for us, making our stories all about the effect of our existence on cis people, demanding to know what our genitals look like, debating our right to use public bathrooms or to play sports or just completely ignoring our existence to the extent that thousands of us grow up without the knowledge and vocabulary to express our experience of gender. And on top of that, street harassment, homelessness, domestic abuse, sexual assault and hate crimes including murder are typical trans experiences at the hands of cis people specifically because of the idea that we are not really the gender we say we are.
When someone calls me “she” or “lady” or calls a trans woman “he” or “sir” or uses the wrong pronoun for a nonbinary person, they bring the weight of all that systemic oppression of trans people crashing down on us – whether they mean to or not. Sometimes, I can brush it off and get on with my day but I feel pressured to *always* ignore it and I just can’t.
People have tried to compare it to being mistaken for your brother. Or to being mistaken for a child when you’re a short adult, being mistaken for a Christian when you’re Jewish or being assumed to be gay when you’re actually straight. While I appreciate the attempts at empathy, where this falls down is that when you correct people about these things, they generally won’t argue. They will probably apologise . They won’t demand extremely personal information as “proof” that you are really Keiran and not Angus. They won’t try to argue with you that no, you really *are* a Christian and you’re just confused about this Jewish stuff. They won’t claim that looking like a child means you are a child even if your passport says you’re 29. And while they might joke that you should dress differently if you don’t want people to think that you’re gay, they generally will more or less believe you when you tell them you’re actually straight. They and you are not living in a culture that says that some people only “believe” they are Jewish / 29 / straight when they actually aren’t.
When people know or suspect that someone is trans, they often try to convince them that they are actually a member of the gender they were assigned at birth whether they want to be or not. People straight up tell me that I am a woman no matter what I do or think or feel – and often follow this with deliberately using she pronouns and the wrong name for me (up to and including just making one up because almost no one I know has even heard my birth name).
People who know I’m trans but keep “accidentally” calling me “she” or “girl” or “it” because it’s so hard to remember that I’ve transitioned also come across as trying to somehow passive-aggressively misgender me back into the closet.
So when people make legit, honest mistakes? It can hurt as though they’d told me “Liam, no matter what you say or do, you’ll always be a girl whether you like it or not”.
And because I too grew up and live in a systemically transphobic world, the constant microaggressions from well-meaning, clueless and actively hostile people actually DO make me waver and think to myself “Am I a real man? Or just a facsimile, almost but not quite as good as the real thing?” I know I’m a man and I try damn hard to be proud or at least okay with being a man who is trans but sometimes I can’t feel okay about it. Sometimes my day is ruined by three too many people misgendering me or by yet another trans character being played by a cis actor of the wrong gender or yet another death or hate crime filling my twitter feed.
It all starts with misgendering, I think. It all starts with the idea that any given cis person knows better than me (or any trans person) about what gender I am because cis people’s genders are somehow more “authentic” than ours.
This got long so congrats if you’re still reading but suffice to say: don’t misgender people. If you do, apologise and try to do better. If you misgender someone and their response seems over the top, just remember that you’ve accidentally brought up a load of societal transphobia and they might have strong feelings about that.
Tagged acceptance, activism, advice, dearcispeople, does being trans ruin ur life, Education, ettiquette, Feminism, gender, gender identity, harassment, identity, inclusion, intersectionality, LGBT, LGBTQ, microaggressions, murder, normality, Oppression, politics, prejudice, real social skills, respect, solidarity, stereotypes, suicide, trans, trans 101, transgender, transphobia
Whose gender is it anyway?
I’ve deliberately chosen an amusing title because the topic I’m writing about isn’t remotely amusing for those of us caught up in it. Gender recognition is something I’ve blogged about on yetanotherlefty before and some of what I write here will be a repeat of things I already said in March. Once again, there is news that has prompted this post. This time the news is that Denmark is joining Argentina and becoming the second country to have gender recognition for trans people based on self-definition with no requirement for medical interventions, proof of social transition or any other criteria beyond a declaration of membership of another gender. From September 2014, people in Denmark will be able to have their gender recognised provided they are over 18. The system seems to involve filling in a form declaring the wish for gender recognition followed by a 6 month waiting period (in case people change their mind) after which the person’s gender is legally recognised in Denmark. This will make Denmark’s Gender Recognition process the best in the European Union and the second-best in the world. The only country to have a better Gender Recognition process is Argentina – there is no lower age limit, allowing transgender and/or intersex children to re-register themselves as an appropriate gender provided they are capable of understanding what they are doing and the process takes just one form, recognising each person as the only true authority on their gender without requiring the intervention of doctors or psychiatrists. Whilst Argentina and Denmark are world leader in gender recognition and their progressive and modern laws are advocated as examples of best practice by Amnesty International, there are still notable difficulties with both laws. Not least among these is that, so far as I am aware, neither country allows the choice of any gender other than “Male/Man/Boy” or “Female/Woman/Girl”. While there are countries that do offer legal recognition of other genders (India being the most notable example) many of those allow only for trans people to switch between being recognised as their incorrect birth gender to a third option (such as Transgender, Other or Indeterminate) which for many trans men and women is just as inaccurate.
Having laid out to the best of my understanding what the international situation is, I will now briefly discuss the current situation in the UK. Whilst a person can change their name instantly and for free in the UK, can (in theory if not always in practice) change the gender on their NHS record on request and (again, more in theory than in practice) change their gender on college/Uni records, bank accounts and at other organisations with just a letter and happily tick or not tick either, neither or both gender boxes on the census however best represents their identity, changing the gender recorded on a passport, birth certificate and/or as recorded with HMRC, starts to include requirements for medical evidence. To change the gender recorded on a passport, you need a letter from a Doctor saying that you have been diagnosed with Gender Identity Disorder, that you have begun living in your new gender and that you intend to continue to do so for the rest of your life. This letter can be from any doctor and may or may not cost money. A GP can write it but may not want to if they don’t feel like they know enough about transgender people (there really isn’t much to know but this still happens). Many people have to get to a gender specialist, either privately at some cost or via the NHS which is chronically beset by delays and unlawfully long waiting lists, before they find someone willing to write this letter, meaning months and even years living with a passport that cannot be used as ID.
Changing the gender recorded with HMRC involves getting an updated birth certificate. This requires a person to provide evidence of two or more years of social transition, including continuous use of a “gender appropriate” name in addition to TWO doctor’s reports, one from a gender specialist, detailing a diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder and details of any treatment undergone and/or explanation of why further treatment has not occurred. The implication here is that, while treatment is technically not necessary for Gender Recognition in the UK, not having had certain treatments will prejudice the Gender Recognition Panel against you. It is commonly (yet quietly) advised that at least one of the doctor’s reports state that you are “waiting for the standard of surgery to improve” or that you “intend to have x, y, z surgeries within the next few years but these have not yet been scheduled” whether you actually intend to have surgery or not. In addition of the “proof” that you changed your name permanently two years or more ago, the two doctor’s reports and the form itself, a statutory declaration that you are X, formerly Y, you are over 18, have been living in your gender for two or more years and intend to continue to do so for the rest of your life and that you are not currently married OR, if you are married, that you are married. In that case you also need a statutory declaration from your spouse that they consent to the marriage continuing. If you’ve spent off ALL OF THAT, plus an administration fee, then a panel of strangers will review your case and either accept or reject your application. After all of that, this panel of complete strangers can and sometimes DO reject your application – which you still have to pay for. Compared the UK, Denmark’s law sounds like paradise for trans people!
The hope is that the UK will follow or even expand on the example set by Denmark and Argentina, as they clearly show that the sheer amount of fuss, bureaucracy and intrusion of privacy required by the UK’s Gender Recognition act is simply unnecessary and, to put it as politely as I can, damn near inhumane.
I return to the question I titled this blog with: Whose gender is it anyway? The UK’s current system makes it incredibly clear that my gender does not belong to me, but to doctors, solicitors and to the state. The state can and will employ people purely to examine and judge the gender of its people. This is wrong and grossly unfair. My gender belongs to me and me alone, it is part of my identity and should not be decided or imposed upon me by anyone else. In my ideal world, no state* would even think to record the gender of its people, seeing this as just as ridiculous as recording whether people were “Black”, “White” or “Coloured” or registering every person’s religion from a state-approved list (yes I know these both are things that have happened and do happen). Why record everyone a gender from a state approved list and make them jump through hoops to change that registration? Yet whilst registering of genders is a thing, it is important to make it as easy as possible for a person to re-register as another gender, with many different options available to all and no requirements for “proof” of anything beyond that the person wishes to re-register and understands any consequences.
* Okay, I ideally wouldn’t want there to be any states at all but assuming there are states then…
Tagged activism, amnesty international, choice, freedom, gender identity, gender recognition, human rights, identity, intersectionality, LGBT, LGBTQ, trans, transgender
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Barbara Godard Collection
Photo: James Gillespie
Barbara Thompson Godard (1941-2010) was Professor of English, French, Social and Political Thought, and Women's Studies at York University, where she was named to the Avi Bennett Historica Chair in Canadian Literature.
With a B.A. from the University of Toronto and an M.A. from l'Université de Montréal, Dr. Godard completed her doctorate at l'Université de Bordeaux and began teaching at York in 1971 as a visiting assistant professor. She was hired into a tenure-track position in 1976. A prolific and gregarious scholar, she published eight books, 80 book chapters and 115 articles and catalogue entries. She translated the major writers of Québec feminism, including Nicole Brossard, Yolande Villemaire and Louky Bersianik. She also served as editor or on the editorial board of 22 journals. She was a founding co-editor of the feminist literary periodical Tessera , a contributing editor of Open Letter and The Semiotic Review of Books and the book review editor for Topia: A Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies . She also made longstanding contributions to Resources for Feminist Research , Voix et Images , and ECW , among others. A copy of Professor Godard's Curriculum Vitae is included among the documents of this collection.
Barbara Godard inspired her colleagues and students through her critical creativity and her unwavering commitment to interrogating and producing the conditions for full civic engagement in the university and in the public sphere.
On December 5 & 6, 2008, a gathering was organized by students, former students, colleagues, and friends of Barbara Godard to honour her, not only for her resounding impact on Canadian literature through her work as translator, theoretician and critic, but also for her immense contribution, through teaching and collaboration, in helping to create an avant-garde community of women writers and artists in Canada.
Entitled "Inspiring Collaborations," the symposium began with a joint keynote address by Nicole Brossard and Daphne Marlatt (both pre-eminent figures in the French and English Canadian literary scene), and included two large round-table discussions, the first centered on Tessera , a review of literature and criticism of which Barbara was a founding editor, the second involving past and present students speaking about her influence on them. Interspersed with these events were musical and vocal performances and poetry readings, a screening of an early film involving Barbara as a student, along with exhibitions of visual and video art, all by people who in some way were inspired by her (see the copy of the programme for "Inspiring Collaborations" included in this collection).
It was by no means certain that Professor Godard would be able to attend the 2008 celebrations because, in the summer and fall of that year, she was exhausted by intensive chemotherapy treatments against cancer, and was worried about the effects of excitement and a crowd of people on her battered immune system. But she did attend, for hours at a time, in a striking outfit with a broad-brimmed black hat, supplying from the floor precise names and dates to roundtable participants when their memories faltered. She also found time and energy to prepare a moving and witty communication of thanks at the end of the day (included as one of the texts in this collection).
Flushed with the emotional and intellectual high of the December event, organizers decided to look into preparing some kind of published festschrift for Barbara, involving in the first instance and as much as possible the proceedings of the December, 2008 event, including visual and video art, as well as a more formal, international, academic collection of essays reflecting Barbara's interests. It was early decided that Yorkspace was the most suitable site for the "Inspiring Collaboration" proceedings. Slowly, we have been able to post a selection of texts and visual material, and we intend to present as much documentary evidence as we can, including excerpts from a film made by Brenda Longfellow and associates during the event. This collection is not intended to present academic or reviewed publications, and in our editing we have tried to respect the spontaneity of the event.
Yorkspace also seems to be the logical place for an eventual posting of the complete writings of Barbara Godard, especially of unpublished articles or those now difficult to find. But such a project, as anyone who knows her work will agree, is an enormous undertaking that will take some time. This collection might also be the place to include later articles and hommages to Barbara that do not fit the parameters of the printed festschrifts.
Meanwhile, the second part of the mandate has gone forward, with a call for proposals, a heartening response, a primary selection, and the possibility of two printed publications: one in book form, and another as a special number of the periodical, Open Letter . Yorkspace will, of course, include information on those eventual printed publications, if not the texts themselves.
In the noon hour of May 10, 2011, a brief ceremony was held to mark the naming of a section of St. Mary Street (leading west of Bay, just south of Danforth) as Barbara Godard Way. This initiative was proposed by Barbara Sternberg, encouraged by Cheryl Sourkes, and seen through City Hall by Councillor Kristyn Wong-Tam. All three spoke eloquently about Barbara to the people assembled. Pictures were taken by a City of Toronto photographer, and by Cheryl Sourkes. See under "texts" addresses given by Barbara Sternberg and Cheryl Sourkes at that time. To view all items related to this ceremony, see the series: Unveiling Ceremony of Barbara Godard Way
Writings of Barbara Godard
Title: In the Stacks of Barbara Godard or Do Not Confuse the Complexity of This Moment with Chaos Author: Sloniowski, Lisa Date: 2013
Title: A Barbara Diagram: Summer of 1984 Author: Genosko, Gary Date: 2012-04-23
Title: Photographs from the unveiling ceremony of Barbara Godard Way Author: San Juan, Jose Date: 2011-05-10
Title: Photographs from the unveiling ceremony of Barbara Godard Way Author: Sourkes, Cheryl Date: 2011-05-10
Title: Speech given by Cheryl Sourkes at the unveiling ceremony of Barbara Godard Way Author: Sourkes, Cheryl Date: 2011-05-10
Title: Speech given by Barbara Sternberg at the unveiling ceremony of Barbara Godard Way Author: Sternberg, Barbara Date: 2011-05-10
Title: Curriculum Vitae Author: Godard, Barbara Date: 2010-07-18
Title: To: <bgodard@yorku.ca>, 2008 Author: Sourkes, Cheryl Date: 2008
Title: Selection of Works, 1996 - 2006 Author: Lloyd, Sue Date: 2009
Title: Arbor Fabula Author: Buyers, Jane Date: 2006
Title: Edgework: Sites of Critical Exchange Author: Andreae, Janice Date: 2009
Title: Inspiring Collaborations (Programme) Author: Warwar, Badea; Sanders, Leslie; Petropoulous, Jacqueline; Karpinski, Eva; Bouman, Majero; Baus, Dunja; Basile, Elena Date: 2008-12
Title: Inspiring Collaborations (Notes on visuals) Author: Sourkes, Cheryl; Basile, Elena Date: 2008-12
Title: 14.3 Seconds Author: Greyson, John Date: 2008
Title: "This Watery Barbara" Author: Neimanis, Astrida Date: 2008-12-06
Title: "Barbara and Translation" Author: Karpinski, Eva C. Date: 2008-12-06
Title: "Mademoiselle Barbara" Author: Druick, Zoe Date: 2008-12-06
Sourkes, Cheryl (7)
Basile, Elena (2)
Baus, Dunja (2)
Bouman, Majero (2)
Godard, Barbara (2)
Andreae, Janice (1)
Brandt, Di (1)
Brossard, Nicole (1)
Buyers, Jane (1)
Cotnoir, Louise (1)
Barbara Godard (4)
Barbara Godard, academic mentoring (2)
Barbara Godard, homage (2)
Archives - Role in Knowledge Production (1)
Barbara Godard, film documentary (1)
Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections (1)
Feminist Archives (1)
Feminist Libraries (1)
Feminist Special Collections (1)
Semiotics, the International Summer Institute in Semiotic and Structural Studies (ISISSS) (1)
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Deputies close Reading Road motel; owner arrested
County to shut down facility as nuisance
Authorities shut down a motel near the Ronald Reagan Highway on Monday morning.As WLWT News 5 cameras were rolling, more than 50 officers swarmed the Drake Motel just after 9:30 a.m.Deputies ordered everyone out of all the rooms and questioned them, letting some leave while others were kept at the motel.Photos: Drake Motel shut downProsecutor Joe Deters said the owner of the motel, Devas Desai, was arrested on obstructing official business charges, saying he served as a lookout for drug dealers."We're shutting this place down, hopefully for good," Deters said.Authorities said there have been more than 350 calls for service to the motel over the years, and four people have been found dead there."This is just a drug haven and it needs to go," Deters said.Anyone who is living in the motel will be relocated, authorities said, and the county will seek to shut down the motel as a nuisance property."In the last two years, the prostitution up and down Reading Road has been the worst I've seen it in 19 years," said neighbor Mark Milton. Additional charges could be filed in connection with the case, which remains under investigation.
Authorities shut down a motel near the Ronald Reagan Highway on Monday morning.
Closed Hamilton Co. hotel going up for auction
As WLWT News 5 cameras were rolling, more than 50 officers swarmed the Drake Motel just after 9:30 a.m.
Deputies ordered everyone out of all the rooms and questioned them, letting some leave while others were kept at the motel.
Photos: Drake Motel shut down
Prosecutor Joe Deters said the owner of the motel, Devas Desai, was arrested on obstructing official business charges, saying he served as a lookout for drug dealers.
"We're shutting this place down, hopefully for good," Deters said.
Authorities said there have been more than 350 calls for service to the motel over the years, and four people have been found dead there.
"This is just a drug haven and it needs to go," Deters said.
Anyone who is living in the motel will be relocated, authorities said, and the county will seek to shut down the motel as a nuisance property.
"In the last two years, the prostitution up and down Reading Road has been the worst I've seen it in 19 years," said neighbor Mark Milton.
Additional charges could be filed in connection with the case, which remains under investigation.
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