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The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: ArrowInvalid
Message: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 191
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 153, in _generate_tables
df = pd.read_json(f, dtype_backend="pyarrow")
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 815, in read_json
return json_reader.read()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1025, in read
obj = self._get_object_parser(self.data)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1051, in _get_object_parser
obj = FrameParser(json, **kwargs).parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1187, in parse
self._parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1403, in _parse
ujson_loads(json, precise_float=self.precise_float), dtype=None
ValueError: Trailing data
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1997, in _prepare_split_single
for _, table in generator:
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 156, in _generate_tables
raise e
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 130, in _generate_tables
pa_table = paj.read_json(
File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 308, in pyarrow._json.read_json
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 154, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 91, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 191
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1529, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1154, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1029, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1124, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1884, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2040, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
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Vegan Rapper Z-Man on His Forthcoming Animal-Rights-Themed Album
by Elyse • November 8, 2019 • Comments Off on Vegan Rapper Z-Man on His Forthcoming Animal-Rights-Themed Album
Listen to this show here!
http://animalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/shows/AnimalVoices_2019-11-08.mp3
Our feature interview in this episode is with the San Francisco-based underground rapper and artist known as Z-Man. Z-Man has been vegan for over 20 years and is currently working on an album of songs examining human exploitation of nonhuman animals, as well as an EP of songs celebrating the health benefits of a plant-based diet. We chat with him about these new recordings, his hip-hop career, his visual art, and his reasons for choosing veganism.
We also hear from Bryce Casavant of local environmental advocacy organization Pacific Wild on the BC wolf cull, and on Pacific Wild’s campaign to stop it.
Remembrance Day is coming up as well, so we talk briefly about the many nonhuman animals who have been and continue to be exploited by the military-industrial complex, including facing injury and death in human wars.
Z-Man’s Music, Art, and Vegan Living
Z-Man’s journey to a vegan lifestyle began in high school, when he learned of the cruelty endured by animals used for science through videos shown in class on the topic. From then on, despite knowing no other vegetarians, he decided to stop eating meat. Over the next few years he eventually went fully vegan.
Z-Man describes his forthcoming album, Animal Slavery, is one of his more “serious” albums to date. It is a collection of songs highlighting the ordeals animals go through when they are exploited by humans for food, entertainment, and other purposes. He’s also working on a five-song EP called Success is a Salad, which celebrates the many health benefits of a plant-based diet. Follow Z-Man’s Facebook page, Twitter, and Instagram to keep up to date on the release of these new albums!
Bryce Casavant of Pacific Wild on Campaign to Prevent B.C. Wolf Cull
Since 2015, B.C. and Alberta have made a renewed effort on their yearly wolf cull. They are now proposing a new wolf cull program in which they will kill 80% of the total wolf populations in these areas, with the aim of conserving endangered southern mountain caribou. This has been put forward despite government data showing that the greatest threat to the southern mountain caribou is habitat loss, not wolves. The B.C. government continues to allow clear-cut logging and industrial operations within these critical caribou habitats. It has been shown that targeting the predators within an ecosystem is not an effective long-term strategy, and it is unacceptable for this practice to have continued while efforts for protecting the habitats have been largely absent. You can follow the timeline from 2015 through to 2019 on Pacific Wild’s infographic.
We have discussed the practice of wolf culling on the show in the past, both here and here. Another informative resource on this topic is Animals Today’s podcast from August 31st, 2019, which can be accessed here.
Please read more on this case through Pacific Wild’s current campaign against this escalation of the wolf cull, and use their quick and simple form to send an email to the director of the BC Caribou Recovery Program. You can also sign their petition.
Exploitation of Nonhuman Animals by the Military-Industrial Complex
Animals do not choose to join a conflict. They do not get a voice. They cannot understand the geopolitical reasons why humans fight, nor can they differentiate between humans of different ideological persuasions. Animals used in war suffer not only the same risks as human soldiers, but additional risks on account of the fact that their lives are valued less than human lives, therefore they are sent to do tasks that humans would not be asked to do. Animals such as horses, dogs, cats, dolphins, sea lions, elephants, and many others are commonly used in war worldwide.
Dogs were used in the Vietnam war by U.S. troops for several purposes. At any given time, there were 4,000 dogs employed. Dogs have been used as sentries for guarding forts, military bases, and individual soldiers. In WWI, dogs were used for delivering messages and supplies across No Man’s Land, even acting as telephone lines as rolls of copper wire were strapped onto their backs. To this day, military dogs have received very little gratitude or recognition, and the ones in the U.S. do not retire. The dogs are seen and treated as mere equipment.
Most unexpectedly, dolphins, sea lions, and even whales have been and still are used to spot sea mines by the many navies around the world. The way this is done is that dolphins and sea lions would detect sea mines and release a buoyant tag to expose the locations of sea mines found.
Meat the Victims Update
The show begins with a clip featuring Amy Soranno, B.C. animal rights activist, who speaks about her experience following the Meat the Victims Canada protest from May 2019. This nonviolent protest included occupation of Abbotsford’s Excelsior Hog Farm by 200 animal rights activists, and is detailed in a previous show we have run. This action exposed the conditions within the farm through video footage, including live feeds from participating activists, raising awareness on the reality of these farms which exploit the bodies of animals for profit.
This action has placed farmers and their representatives across Canada on high alert, such that they are beginning to take preventative measures to make it impossible to expose the cruel practices and terrible living conditions within Canadian animal farms. A private member’s bill was tabled at the B.C. legislature, proposing fines for trespassing on farms and food-processing facilities, with heftier fines for those who breach biosecurity protocols and groups that organize occupations of these properties. It is a bill based off of the concepts of another recent piece of legislation announced in October 2019 by Alberta Premier Jason Kenney. These bills are ostensibly aimed at protecting farmers and their families, but this completely overshadows the need for accountability and transparency in the living conditions and care for the animals used on these farms. The B.C. SPCA has confirmed that no charges will be laid against Excelsior Hog Farm despite hidden-camera footage documenting the farm’s negligence toward the animals’ welfare. If B.C. passes this bill, farms will be protected while the animals will be silenced and their plight hidden from the public eye once again.
Tags: bryce casavant Excelsior Hog Farm hip hop Meat The Victims pacific wild vegan artist vegan music vegan rap wolf cull z-man
← World Vegan Month Show: Colleen Patrick-Goudreau, The Joyful Vegan, on How to Stay Vegan in a World That Wants You to Eat Meat, Dairy and Eggs
Discussion on Animal Dissections in the Classroom, Featuring an Interview with Dr. Elisabeth Ormandy, the Executive Director and Co-Founder of Animals in Science Policy Institute (AiSPI) →
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Biography – JOHNSON, GEORGE HENRY MARTIN – Volume XI (1881-1890) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography
Source: Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons
JOHNSON, GEORGE HENRY MARTIN (Onwanonsyshon), Six Nations chief and interpreter; b. 7 Oct. 1816 at Bow Park, near Brantford, Upper Canada, eldest son of John “Smoke” Johnson and Helen Martin; d. 19 Feb. 1884 at Chiefswood, near Brantford, Ont.
George Henry Martin Johnson was born in the ancestral home of his mother’s family on the Grand River. According to Mohawk custom his parents had lived with his mother’s parents until the birth of their first child but soon after George’s birth they settled on their own farm some one and a half miles to the north and it was here that George spent his childhood. In the early 1830s he was educated at the Mohawk Institute, the school established for Indian children on the outskirts of Brantford by the New England Company and run by the Reverend Abram Nelles. During this period the young Mohawk displayed an amicable personality and an “aptitude for learning,” being especially proficient in languages.
In 1838 the Reverend Adam Elliot* became the Church of England missionary to the Grand River Indians, an event that was to have a great impact on George Johnson’s personal and public life. When Elliot could not master the intricacies of the Mohawk language and required the services of an interpreter, he and Nelles agreed on Johnson for the position. In 1840 George was formally appointed interpreter for the Anglican mission on the reserve, the first of a series of posts, including interpreter to the superintendent, timber ranger for the reserve, and various positions on the Six Nations Council, which made him an important figure in the conduct of local white-Indian relations for the next 40 years. Johnson’s position as interpreter necessitated his living with the Elliot family, where he met the missionary’s young sister-in-law, Emily Susanna Howells, apparently a cousin of American novelist William Dean Howells. Her family had emigrated from Bristol, England, to the United States and in 1845 Emily had come to live with her sister Eliza Beulah at the Anglican mission near Brantford.
By the early 1850s, George Johnson and Emily Howells had decided to marry, a decision that roused opposition from both families. George’s family, indeed the Indian community, did not approve of his marrying a white woman because she would then acquire Indian status and the right to a portion of her band’s annuities and other benefits, and Emily’s relatives were scandalized by her desire to marry a “savage.” Both attitudes illustrate the gulf which separated the Indian and white communities in the mid 19th century. When Elliot refused to perform the ceremony, the couple sought out a more sympathetic Anglican priest, the Reverend William Greig, who married them at Barriefield, near Kingston, Canada West, on 27 Aug. 1853. As a wedding present for his bride, George had a new house, Chiefswood, built on a 200-acre plot on the east bank of the Grand River. The relative opulence of this Regency villa is reflected in Johnson’s Indian name, Onwanonsyshon, translated as “lord of the great house.” In this house, which stands today, restored, the four Johnson children, two sons and two daughters, grew up. The youngest, Emily Pauline* (Tekahionwake), became well known as a poet and lecturer.
In 1862, Jasper Tough Gilkison was appointed superintendent to the Six Nations Indians, a post he held until 1891. He became a frequent guest in the Johnson household and relied upon George’s judgement in the administration of affairs on the reserve. The upshot of this close association was Johnson’s appointment as government interpreter for the Six Nations. Shortly before this appointment he had been elected Teyonhehkon, one of the 50 great chiefs of the Iroquois Confederacy, to succeed his maternal uncle, Henry Martin. Such a chieftainship descended matrilineally and Johnson’s mother, as chief matron of the Mohawks, had nominated George. Her choice had been quickly ratified by the great council but George’s acceptance of the government post led many chiefs to wonder if it was proper to have an employee of the imperial government on their council. After much discussion the council decided to displace him. The power of the chief matron then became apparent; Helen Martin appeared before the council and, after soundly berating its members, threatened that she would not nominate a successor if her son were removed. A compromise was effected. George remained a hereditary chief but a council resolution, which usually required a unanimous vote, would be valid without his assent. His status as a chief combined with his government connections, his family’s position, and his ties with the Anglican presence on the reserve to make Johnson a powerful figure in the community.
The Grand River Reserve had long been plagued by “groups of white ruffians” who sold liquor to the Indians and by the more respectable timber plunderers who, in collusion with members of the reserve, illegally used Indian lands as a source for prized varieties of timber sought by the lumber companies now that farmland had replaced much of the hardwood forest in southern Ontario. The Indian Department had customarily appointed local notables as timber rangers or special constables but after 1860 Johnson took a leading part in the attempts to suppress both the illicit timber trade and the ready traffic in liquor. The success of his efforts, and the desperation of his opponents, finally led to violence. In January 1865 Johnson was unconscious for five days after being beaten by two men, one of whom was later imprisoned for five years for his part in the affair. In October 1873 the chief was again severely injured when six men shot him and left him for dead on the road near his home. He recovered from his wounds but his health was permanently affected and he frequently suffered from neuralgia and erysipelas. This last attack, however, “aroused a flame of popular indignation” amongst whites as well as Indians; although the six assailants were not tried, many of those exploiting the reserve either ceased or were punished.
In the last decade of his life Johnson was occupied with the affairs of the reserve’s agricultural society which he had helped found; he was also a member of the Provincial Horticultural Society. A well-known figure, he was often invited to official functions as a representative of his people and government representatives invariably called on him when visiting the area. On 10 Aug. 1876 he was present in Brantford at Alexander Graham Bell*’s first demonstration of the telephone. Students of Iroquois culture and society generally received a hospitable welcome from Johnson and in the years before his death he formed a warm friendship with the American philologist, Horatio Emmons Hale.
George Johnson’s life was not a spectacular one; his daughter’s fame far eclipsed his own. Yet his career is important and instructive for it elucidates the difficulties, and the possibilities, experienced by the Six Nations of the Grand River in their relationships with the surrounding white community.
Douglas Leighton
PAC, RG 10, CI, 6, 803–93. UWO, Gilkison papers. H. [W.] Charlesworth, Candid chronicles; leaves from the note book of a Canadian journalist (Toronto, 1925). Mrs W. G. Foster [A. H. Foster], The Mohawk princess, being some account of the life of Tekahion-wake (E. Pauline Johnson) (Vancouver, 1931). Katherine Hale [A. B. Garvin], Historic houses of Canada (Toronto, 1952). The history of the county of Brant, Ontario . . . (Toronto, 1883). E. P. Johnson, Flint and feather, the complete poems of E. Pauline Johnson (Tekahionwake) (Toronto, 1931); The moccasin maker (Toronto, 1913). C. M. Johnston, Brant County: a history, 1784–1945 (Toronto, 1967). Marion MacRae and Anthony Adamson, The ancestral roof: domestic architecture of Upper Canada (Toronto and Vancouver, 1963). Walter McRaye [W. J. McCrea], Pauline Johnson and her friends (Toronto, 1947). F. D. Reville, History of the county of Brant (2v., Brantford, Ont., 1920). H. E. Hale, “Chief George H. M. Johnson – Onwanonsyshon: his life and work among the Six Nations,” Magazine of American Hist. (New York), 13 (January–June 1885): 131–42; “An Iroquois condoling council,” RSC Trans., 1st ser., 1 (1883), sect.ii: 45–65. E. H. C. Johnson, “The Martin settlement,” Brant Hist. Soc., Papers ([Brantford]), 1908–11: 55–64.
General Bibliography
© 1982–2023 University of Toronto/Université Laval
Occupations and Other Identifiers
Indigenous – First Nations – Mohawk
Region of Activities
North America – Canada – Ontario – Southwest
ELLIOT, ADAM (Vol. 10)JOHNSON, EMILY PAULINE (Vol. 14)JOHNSON, JOHN (Vol. 11)BELL, ALEXANDER GRAHAM (Vol. 15)NELLES, ABRAM (Vol. 11)HALE, HORATIO EMMONS (Vol. 12)MARTIN, GEORGE (1767-1853) (Vol. 8)TEKARIHOGEN, (d. 1830) (Vol. 6)
JOHNSON, EMILY PAULINE
BELL, ALEXANDER GRAHAM
JOHNSON, JOHN
HALE, HORATIO EMMONS
Douglas Leighton, “JOHNSON, GEORGE HENRY MARTIN,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 11, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed January 27, 2023, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/johnson_george_henry_martin_11E.html.
The citation above shows the format for footnotes and endnotes according to the Chicago manual of style (16th edition). Information to be used in other citation formats:
Permalink: http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/johnson_george_henry_martin_11E.html
Author of Article: Douglas Leighton
Title of Article: JOHNSON, GEORGE HENRY MARTIN
Publication Name: Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 11
Publisher: University of Toronto/Université Laval
Year of revision: 1982
© 2003-2023 University of Toronto/Université Laval
Suggest corrections or additions
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Politics: Forecast
New deadline set for Somali legislative election
On January 9th Somali leaders announced that the election to the 275‑member lower chamber of parliament would be completed by February 25th.
The new deadline for the repeatedly delayed election was announced following several days of talks within the National Consultative Council (NCC) in the capital, Mogadishu. Hosted by the prime minister, Mohamed Hussein Roble, and attended by five federal state presidents, the mayor of Mogadishu and representatives of civil society and women's groups, the NCC talks agreed that the legislative election would be completed between January 15th and February 25th. Mr Roble previously met members of the Council of Presidential Candidates (CPC), a coalition of more than a dozen senior Somali politicians, which had called for the electoral process to be suspended soon after it began in November 2021 owing to what the CPC regarded as interference in the electoral programme by the acting president, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (popularly known as Farmajo). The NCC meeting itself was postponed in late December when Farmajo tried to suspend Mr Roble from his prime ministerial duties.
The setting of a new deadline for the clan-based indirect elections offers some relief from concerns among Somalia's international partners over the frequent delays and procedural irregularities in the Somali electoral process. However, as the new timetable is tight—with just 24 of the 275 members of parliament (MPs) having been elected so far—further delays are likely in 2022. In addition, the NCC has not yet set a new deadline for the final phase of the elections, the selection of the country's next president. This can only occur after MPs in both parliamentary chambers have elected speakers, who are tasked with supervising their MPs in electing the president. The election to the upper house was completed in November 2021.
The incessant political squabbling has diverted attention away from the looming spectre of a huge humanitarian crisis after four consecutive poor rainy seasons. Aid agencies have been warning that food insecurity is rising, and this is exacerbated by the ongoing security challenge posed by Somalia's main Islamist insurgency, al‑Shabab.
Impact on the forecast
We maintain our forecast that Farmajo will be re‑elected for a second term as president by mid‑2022, with a continuing risk of escalating insecurity in the short term. Political instability will persist into 2023, as opposition factions will dispute Farmajo's right to govern.
Politics | December 22nd 2022
Africa-US summit hits the reset button—but will it work?
The true impact of attempts to reset US-Africa relations will not be evident for several years.
Inflation in Africa will ebb slowly in 2023
Many of the continent's central banks have been slow to act against inflation, or have muddled monetary policies.
Africa chart of the week: intra-African migration dominates
Forced displacement in Africa had grown only modestly by mid-2022, but conflict and disasters will fuel a steady rise.
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Blu-Ray Review: The Legend of Korra
Zach Martin August 5, 2013
Blu-RayFilmNewest Articles0 Comments 0
Created by: Michael Dante DiMartino, Bryan Konietzko
Starring:Janet Varney Dee Bradley Baker</>
“The era of bending is over. A new era of equality has begun!”
Back in the year 2005, Nickelodeon started to air a show called Avatar The Last Airbender, which quickly turned into a massive success with three seasons and a feature film (which doesn’t exist). What made this show so incredibly popular was its originality, seriousness, humor and fantastic action sequences that made many kids, including me, returning to it week after week. After the show came to its natural conclusion, the fans hoped for another book (or season) to the show but the creators said they were done.
Around the summer of 2010, it was announced that a new show was to come out called The Legend of Korra (Formerly known as Avatar: The Legend of Korra). Fans heads exploded in anticipation and when it was finally aired, the ratings were through the roof with 4.3 million viewers per episode.So with all that said, its safe to say that ive been a huge fan of this series even before it came out, but what is it about? The show takes place about 70-80 years in the future with Aang having passed on, and Korra being the new Avatar. While she has mastered the arts of firebending, earthbending, and waterbending, she still needs to learn airbending from a new teacher named Tenzin in Republic City. One of the masterstrokes of this new series is completely being faithful to the original series while making new ideas and fully realizing them. An example of this being “Pro-Bending” a new sport that takes the three bending forces and puts it in a sport that makes me (a person who hates all sports) want to buy season tickets to such events. But with this passage of time also marks the transition into a semi steampunk style that fits the tone and atmosphere of the show quite well. The antagonist, Amon (played by Steve Blum) is quite intimidating and actually has a huge stage presence whenever he is on screen, chewing up the scenery with is mysterious nature. That’s not to say that this series is perfect, there is a love triangle that feels forced in the middle of the series that seems to go on a little bit longer than necessary and also the ending being a complete Deus Ex Machina (act of god) that comes out of nowhere. But I will say that the ending for the antagonists is BALLSY. This having never before been in a Nick show before, and while I won’t spoil it, my reaction to it was simply, “Woah.”
“Save your breath, you’ve already made it clear how you feel about me.”
Ladies and gentlemen, this is the new standard for animation quality on blu-ray. In a word: unbelievable. Having seen the first half originally in standard definition, and then seeing the second half in 720p, this outdoes pretty much every 2D animated blu ray I’ve seen. In 1080p the details are astounding. If one looks closely one can see the brush strokes in the backgrounds, and grit flying through the air. Flesh tones and all colors for that matter, pop and look extremely natural. While I have read some complaints of the black levels crushing at points, I noticed that it was just a shade of brown and not the crush. There’s no blending, halos or any other defects. As far as my standards go, this is a perfect transfer.
“NO! Not my Cabbage Corp!”
Audio quality for a Nick show sounds better than ya’d think. Presented in a DTS-HD Master Audio 5.1 mix, one could not ask for a better mix. Elements fly from one speaker to the other, and the subwoofer works overtime on the impacts. Original music by The Track Team is fantastic, with its Asian and jazz influence and neither the effects nor the music ever drown out the audio coming from mostly the center speaker. A part of me wishes they would have a soundtrack only mix, to listen as the music swells and bounces from one speaker to another with the different instruments. While not the most aggressive mix ever made, it gets the job done fantastically.
Packaging and Bonus Features
“From here on out, its going to be the lap of luxury for us.”
Blu-ray Exclusive Audio Commentaries: All twelve episodes feature an audio commentary with co-creators Michael Dante DiMartino & Bryan Konietzko, as well as a bunch of guests including co-executive producer Joaquim Dos Santos, composers/track team Jeremy Zuckerman and Benjamin Wynn, and voice actors Janet Varney (Korra), David Faustino (Mako), Steve Blum (Amon) and Seychelle Gabriel (Asami). The bad news is that the commentary was recorded out of order so at times it goes all over the place. Otherwise, the DiMartino/Konietzko-helmed tracks will be a blast for series fans and newcomers alike. Varney is present in almost every commentary, but each participant makes the most of their time. Breezy, entertaining, informative and down-to-Earth the discussions of the production and process are well worth absorbing and only deepen one’s appreciation for the show and all the hard work that went into every frame, design and performance.
Blu-ray Exclusive Animatics (HD, 53 minutes): A lengthy selection of creator-favorite animatics for scenes in “Welcome to Republic City,” “The Revelation,” “The Voice in the Night,” “The Spirit of Competition,” “And the Winner Is…,” “When Extremes Meet,” “Turning the Tides” and “Endgame.” As an added bonus, a picture-in-picture window plays each scene’s finalized animation alongside its animatic.
The Making of a Legend: The Untold Story (6 minutes): This tongue-in-cheek “Legend of Puppetbender” featurette finds the cast and crew taking jabs at one another by way of felt-puppet avatars. It’s cute, but doesn’t really bring any behind the scenes material to light. It was funny that they clearly say who their target audience is though. (College kids)
The Movie 8.5/10
Video 9.5/10
Audio 10/10
Packaging and Bonus Features 7/10
AnimationanimeAsianBlu-ray reviewFantasyfeaturedfull-imageKegend of Korra
Previous ArticleBlu-Ray Review: Robot Chicken DC Comics Special
Next ArticleTuesday Night Premiere Previews for Syfy including Face Off and Heroes of Cosplay!
Zach Martin
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75th Anniversary of the Great Victory: Shared Responsibility to History and our Future
75 years have passed since the end of the Great Patriotic War. Several generations have grown up over the years. The political map of the planet has changed. The Soviet Union that claimed an epic and crushing victory over Nazism and saved the entire world is gone. Besides, the events of that war have long become a distant memory, even for its participants. So why does Russia celebrate May 9 as the biggest holiday? Why does life almost come to a halt on June 22? And why does one feel a lump rise in their throat?
They usually say that the war has left a deep imprint on every family’s history. Behind these words, there are fates of millions of people, their sufferings and the pain of loss. Behind these words, there is also the pride, the truth and the memory.
Vladimir Putin's article ”75th Anniversary of the Great Victory: Shared Responsibility to History and our Future“ (with annex)
For my parents, the war meant the terrible ordeals of the Siege of Leningrad where my two-year old brother Vitya died. It was the place where my mother miraculously managed to survive. My father, despite being exempt from active duty, volunteered to defend his hometown. He made the same decision as millions of Soviet citizens. He fought at the Nevsky Pyatachok bridgehead and was severely wounded. The more years pass, the more I feel the need to talk to my parents and learn more about the war period of their lives. But I no longer have the opportunity to do so. This is the reason why I treasure in my heart the conversations I had with my father and mother on this subject, as well as the little emotion they showed.
People of my age and I believe it is important that our children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren understand the torment and hardships their ancestors had to endure. They need to understand how their ancestors managed to persevere and win. Where did their sheer and unbending willpower that amazed and fascinated the whole world come from? Yes, they were defending their homes, children, loved ones and families, but more importantly, they shared the love for their homeland, their Motherland. That deep-seated and intimate feeling is fully reflected in the very essence of our nation and became one of the decisive factors in its heroic and sacrificial fight against the Nazis.
People often wonder what would today’s generation do? How will it act when faced with a crisis situation? I see young doctors, nurses and sometimes fresh graduates that go to the ‘red zone’ to save lives. I see our servicemen fighting international terrorism in the North Caucasus and fighting to the bitter end in Syria. They are so young! Many servicemen who were part of the legendary immortal 6th Paratroop Company were 19–20 years old. But all of them proved that they deserved to inherit the feat of the warriors of our Motherland that defended it during the Great Patriotic War.
This is why I am confident that one of the characteristic features of the peoples of Russia is to fulfil their duty without feeling sorry for themselves when the circumstances so demand. Such values as selflessness, patriotism, love for their home, their family and Mortherland remain fundamental and integral to the Russian society to this day. These values are, to a large extent, the backbone of our country’s sovereignty. Nowadays, we have new traditions created by the people, such as the Immortal Regiment.
This is the memory march that symbolized our gratitude, as well as the living connection and the blood ties between generations. Millions of people come out to the streets carrying the photographs of their relatives who defended their Mortherland and defeated the Nazis. This means that their lives, the ordeals and sacrifices they endured, as well as the Victory that they passed to us will never be forgotten.
We have a responsibility to our past and our future to do our utmost to prevent those horrible tragedies from happening ever again. Hence, I was compelled to come out with an article about World War II and the Great Patriotic War. I have discussed this idea on several occasions with world leaders, and they have showed their support. At the summit of CIS leaders held at the end of last year, we all agreed on one thing: it is essential to pass on to future generations the memory of the fact that the Nazis were defeated first and foremost by the entire Soviet people and that representatives of all republics of the Soviet Union fought side by side together in that heroic battle, both on the frontlines and in the rear. During that summit, I also talked with my counterparts about the challenging pre-war period.
That conversation caused a stir in Europe and the world. It means that it is indeed high time that we revisited the lessons of the past. At the same time, there were many emotional outbursts, poorly disguised insecurities and loud accusations that followed. Acting out of habit, certain politicians rushed to claim that Russia was trying to rewrite history. However, they failed to rebut a single fact or refute a single argument. It is indeed difficult, if not impossible, to argue with the original documents that, by the way, can be found not only in Russian, but also in foreign archives.
Thus, there is a need to further examine the reasons that caused the world war and reflect on its complicated events, tragedies and victories, as well as its lessons, both for our country and the entire world. And like I said, it is crucial to rely exclusively on archive documents and contemporary evidence while avoiding any ideological or politicized speculations.
I would like to once again recall the obvious fact. The root causes of World War II mainly stem from the decisions made after World War I. The Treaty of Versailles became a symbol of grave injustice for Germany. It basically implied that the country was to be robbed, being forced to pay enormous reparations to the Western allies that drained its economy. French Marshal Ferdinand Foch who served as the Supreme Allied Commander gave a prophetic description of that Treaty: “This is not peace. It is an armistice for twenty years.”
It was the national humiliation that became a fertile ground for radical and revenge-seeking sentiments in Germany. The Nazis skillfully played on people’s emotions and built their propaganda promising to deliver Germany from the “legacy of Versailles” and restore the country to its former power while essentially pushing German people into war. Paradoxically, the Western states, particularly the United Kingdom and the United States, directly or indirectly contributed to this. Their financial and industrial circles actively invested in German factories and plants manufacturing military products. Besides, many people in the aristocracy and political establishment supported radical, far-right and nationalist movements that were on the rise both in Germany and in Europe.
“Versailles world order” caused numerous implicit controversies and apparent conflicts. They revolved around the borders of new European states randomly set by the victors in World War I. That boundary delimitation was almost immediately followed by territorial disputes and mutual claims that turned into “time bombs.”
One of the major outcomes of World War I was the establishment of the League of Nations. There were high expectations for that international organization to ensure lasting peace and collective security. This was a progressive idea that, if followed through consistently, could actually prevent the horrors of a global war from happening again.
However, the League of Nations dominated by the victorious powers of France and the United Kingdom proved ineffective and just got swamped by pointless discussions. The League of Nations and the European continent in general turned a deaf ear to the repeated calls of the Soviet Union to establish an equitable collective security system and sign Eastern European and Pacific pacts to prevent aggression. These proposals were disregarded.
The League of Nations also failed to prevent conflicts in various parts of the world, such as the attack of Italy on Ethiopia, the civil war in Spain, the Japanese aggression against China and the Anschluss of Austria. Furthermore, in case of the Munich Betrayal that, in addition to Hitler and Mussolini, involved British and French leaders, Czechoslovakia was taken apart with the full approval of the Council of the League of Nations. I would like to point out in this regard that, unlike many other European leaders of that time, Stalin did not disgrace himself by meeting with Hitler who was known among the Western nations as quite a reputable politician and was a welcome guest in the European capitals.
Poland was also engaged in the partition of Czechoslovakia along with Germany. They decided together in advance who would get what Czechoslovak territories. On September 20, 1938, Polish Ambassador to Germany Józef Lipski reported to Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland Józef Beck on the following assurances made by Hitler: “…in case of a conflict between Poland and Czechoslovakia over our interests in Teschen, the Reich would stand by Poland.” The Nazi leader even prompted and advised that Poland started to act “only after the Germans occupy the Sudetes…” (Document No. 1)
Poland was aware that without Hitler’s support, its annexationist plans were doomed to fail. I would like to quote in this regard a record of the conversation between German Ambassador to Warsaw Hans-Adolf von Moltke and Józef Beck that took place on October 1, 1938, and was focused on the Polish-Czech relations and the position of the Soviet Union in this matter. It says: “Mr. Beck… expressed his great gratitude for the loyal treatment accorded to Polish interests at the Munich conference, as well as the sincerity of relations during the Czech conflict. The Government and the public [of Poland] fully appreciate the position of the Fuehrer and Chancellor…” (Document No. 2)
The partition of Czechoslovakia was brutal and cynical. Munich destroyed even the formal, fragile guarantees that remained on the continent. It showed that mutual agreements were worthless. It was the Munich Betrayal that served as the “trigger” and made the great war in Europe inevitable.
Today, European politicians, and Polish leaders in particular, wish to sweep the Munich Betrayal under the carpet. Why? The fact that their countries once broke their commitments and supported the Munich Betrayal, with some of them even participating in divvying up the take, is not the only reason. Another is that it is kind of embarrassing to recall that during those dramatic days of 1938, the Soviet Union was the only one to stand up for Czechoslovakia.
The Soviet Union, in accordance with its international obligations, including agreements with France and Czechoslovakia, tried to prevent the tragedy from happening. Meanwhile, Poland, in pursuit of its interests, was doing its utmost to hamper the establishment of a collective security system in Europe. Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs Józef Beck wrote about it directly in his letter of September 19, 1938, to the aforementioned Ambassador Józef Lipski before his meeting with Hitler: “over the past year, the Polish government four times rejected the proposal to join the international intervention in defense of Czechoslovakia.” (Document No. 3)
Britain, as well as France, which was at the time the main ally of the Czechs and Slovaks, chose to withdraw their guarantees and abandon this Eastern European country to its fate. In so doing, they sought to direct the attention of the Nazis eastward so that Germany and the Soviet Union would inevitably clash and bleed each other white.
That was the essence of the western policy of ‘appeasement,’ which was pursued not only towards the Third Reich but also towards other participants of the so-called Anti-Comintern Pact – the fascist Italy and militarist Japan. In the Far East, this policy culminated in the conclusion of the Anglo- Japanese agreement in the summer of 1939, which gave Tokyo a free hand in China. The leading European powers were unwilling to recognize the mortal danger posed by Germany and its allies to the whole world. They were hoping that they themselves would be left untouched by the war.
The Munich Betrayal showed to the Soviet Union that the Western countries would deal with security issues without taking its interests into account. In fact, they could even create an anti-Soviet front, if needed.
Nevertheless, the Soviet Union did its utmost to use every chance to create an Anti-Hitler coalition. Despite – I will say it again – the double dealing on the part of the Western countries. For instance, the intelligence services reported to the Soviet leadership detailed information on the behind-the-scenes contacts between Britain and Germany in the summer of 1939. The important thing is that those contacts were quite active and practically coincided with the tripartite negotiations between France, Great Britain and the USSR, which were, on the contrary, deliberately protracted by the Western partners. In this connection, I will cite a document from the British archives. It contains instructions to the British military mission that came to Moscow in August 1939. It directly states that the delegation was to “go very slowly with the conversations” and that “the British Government is unwilling to enter into any detailed commitments which are likely to tie our hands in all circumstances.” (Document No. 4) I will also note that, unlike the British and French delegations, the Soviet delegation was headed by top commanders of the Red Army, who had the necessary authority to “sign the military convention on the organization of military defense of England, France and the USSR against aggression in Europe.” (Document No. 5)
Poland played its role in the failure of those negotiations as it did not want to have any obligations to the Soviet side. Even under pressure from their Western allies, the Polish leadership rejected the idea of joint action with the Red Army to fight against the Wehrmacht. It was only when they learned of the arrival of Joachim von Ribbentrop to Moscow that Józef Beck reluctantly and not directly, but through French diplomats, notified the Soviet side: “… in the event of a joint action against the German aggression, cooperation between Poland and the Soviet Union, subject to technical conditions to be determined, is not excluded (or is possible)…” (Document No. 6). At the same time, he explained to his colleagues: “… I was not against to this wording only for the sake of facilitating tactics, but our principled position with regard to the Soviet Union was final and remained unchanged.” (Document No. 7)
In these circumstances, the Soviet Union signed the Non- Aggression Pact with Germany. It was practically the last among the European countries to do so. Besides, it was done in the face of a real threat of war on two fronts – with Germany in the west and with Japan in the east, where intense fighting on the Khalkhin Gol River was already underway.
Stalin and his entourage, indeed, deserve many legitimate accusations. We remember the crimes committed by the regime against its own people and the horror of mass repressions. In other words, there are many things the Soviet leaders can be reproached for, but poor understanding of the nature of external threats is not one of them. They saw how attempts were made to leave the Soviet Union alone to deal with Germany and its allies. Bearing in mind this real threat, they sought to buy precious time needed to strengthen the country’s defenses.
Nowadays, we hear lots of speculations and accusations against modern Russia in connection with the Non- Aggression Pact signed back then. Yes, Russia is the legal successor state to the USSR, and the Soviet period – with all its triumphs and tragedies – is an inalienable part of our thousand-year-long history. However, let me also remind you that the Soviet Union gave a legal and moral assessment of the so-called Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. The Supreme Soviet in its resolution of December 24, 1989, officially denounced the secret protocols as “an act of personal power” which in no way reflected “the will of the Soviet people who bear no responsibility for this collusion.”
Yet other states prefer to forget the agreements carrying signatures of the Nazis and Western politicians, not to mention giving legal or political assessments of such cooperation, including the silent acquiescence – or even direct abetment – of some European politicians in the barbarous plans of the Nazis. It will suffice to remember the cynical phrase said by Polish Ambassador to Germany Józef Lipski during his conversation with Hitler on September 20, 1938: for solving the Jewish problem, “…we [the Poles] would erect a beautiful monument to him in Warsaw.” (Document No. 1)
Besides, we do not know if there were any secret “protocols” or annexes to agreements of a number of countries with the Nazis. The only thing that is left to do is to take their word for it. In particular, materials pertaining to the secret Anglo-German talks still have not been declassified. Therefore, we urge all states to step up the process of making their archives public and publishing previously unknown documents of the war and pre-war periods – the way Russia has been doing it in recent years. In this context, we are ready for broad cooperation and joint research projects engaging historians.
But let us go back to the events immediately preceding World War II. It was naïve to believe that Hitler, once done with Czechoslovakia, would not make new territorial claims. This time the claims involved its recent accomplice in the partition of Czechoslovakia – Poland. Here, the legacy of Versailles, particularly the fate of the so-called Danzig Corridor, was yet again used as the pretext. The blame for the tragedy that Poland then suffered lies entirely with the Polish leadership, which had impeded the formation of a military alliance between Britain, France and the Soviet Union and relied on the help from its Western partners, throwing its own people under the steamroller of Hitler’s machine of destruction.
The German offensive was mounted in full accordance with the blitzkrieg doctrine. Despite the fierce, heroic resistance of the Polish army, on September 8, 1939 – only a week after the war broke out – the German troops were on the approaches to Warsaw. By September 17, the military and political leaders of Poland had fled to Romania, betraying its people, who continued to fight against the invaders.
Poland’s hope for help from its Western allies was vain. After the war against Germany was declared, the French troops advanced only a few tens of kilometers deep into the German territory. All of it looked like a mere demonstration of vigorous action. Moreover, the Anglo-French Supreme War Council, holding its first meeting in the French city of Abbeville on September 12, 1939, decided to call off the offensive altogether in view of the rapid developments in Poland. That was when the infamous Phony War started. What Britain and France did was a blatant betrayal of their obligations to Poland.
Later, during the Nuremberg Trials, German generals explained their quick success in the East. Former Chief of the Operations Staff of the German Armed Forces High Command General Alfred Jodl admitted: “… we did not suffer defeat as early as 1939 only because about 110 French and British divisions stationed in the west against 23 German divisions during our war with Poland remained absolutely idle.”
I asked for retrieval from the archives of the whole body of materials pertaining to the contacts between the USSR and Germany in the dramatic days of August and September 1939. According to the documents, paragraph 2 of the Secret Protocol to the German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact of August 23, 1939, stated that, in the event of territorial-political reorganization of the districts making up the Polish state, the border between the spheres of interest of the two countries would run “approximately along the Narew, Vistula and San rivers.” In other words, the Soviet sphere of influence included not only the territories that were mostly home to Ukrainian and Belorussian population but also the historically Polish lands in the Vistula and Bug interfluve. This fact is known to very few these days.
Similarly, very few know that, immediately after the attack on Poland, in the early days of September 1939, Berlin strongly and repeatedly called on Moscow to join the military action. However, the Soviet leadership ignored those calls and planned to avoid engaging in the dramatic developments as long as possible.
It was only when it became absolutely clear that Great Britain and France were not going to help their ally and the Wehrmacht could swiftly occupy entire Poland and thus appear on the approaches to Minsk that the Soviet Union decided to send in, on the morning of September 17, Red Army units into the so-called Eastern Borderlines (Kresy), which nowadays form part of the territories of Belorussia, Ukraine and Lithuania.
Obviously, there was no alternative. Otherwise, the USSR would face seriously increased risks because – I will say this again – the old Soviet-Polish border ran only within a few tens of kilometers from Minsk. The country would have to enter the inevitable war with the Nazis from very disadvantageous strategic positions, while millions of people of different nationalities, including the Jews living near Brest and Grodno, Przemyśl, Lvov and Wilno, would be left to die at the hands of the Nazis and their local accomplices – anti- Semites and radical nationalists.
The fact that the Soviet Union sought to avoid engaging in the growing conflict for as long as possible and was unwilling to fight side by side with Germany was the reason why the real contact between the Soviet and the German troops occurred much farther east than the borders agreed in the secret protocol. It was not on the Vistula River but closer to the so-called Curzon Line, which back in 1919 was recommended by the Triple Entente as the eastern border of Poland.
As is known, the subjunctive mood can hardly be used when we speak of the past events. I will only say that, in September 1939, the Soviet leadership had an opportunity to move the western borders of the USSR even farther west, all the way to Warsaw, but decided against it.
The Germans suggested formalizing the new status quo. On September 28, 1939, Joachim von Ribbentrop and Vyacheslav Molotov signed in Moscow the Boundary and Friendship Treaty between Germany and the Soviet Union, as well as the secret protocol on changing the state border, according to which the border was recognized at the demarcation line where the two armies de-facto stood.
In autumn 1939, the Soviet Union, pursuing its strategic military and defensive goals, started the process of incorporation of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. Their accession to the USSR was implemented on a contractual basis, with the consent of the elected authorities. This was in line with international and state law of that time. Besides, in October 1939, the city of Wilno and the surrounding area, which had previously been part of Poland, were returned to Lithuania. The Baltic republics within the USSR preserved their government bodies, language, and had representation in the higher government entities of the Soviet Union.
During all these months there was an ongoing invisible diplomatic and politico-military struggle and intelligence work. Moscow understood that it was facing a fierce and cruel enemy, and that a covert war against Nazism was already going on. And there was no reason to take official statements and formal protocol notes of that time as a proof of ‘friendship’ between the USSR and Germany. The Soviet Union had active trade and technical contacts not only with Germany, but with other countries as well. Whereas Hitler tried again and again to draw the Soviet Union into Germany’s confrontation with the UK. But the Soviet government stood firm.
The last attempt to persuade the USSR to act together was made by Hitler during Molotov’s visit to Berlin in November 1940. But Molotov accurately followed Stalin’s instructions (Document No. 8) and limited himself to a general discussion of the German idea of the Soviet Union joining the Tripartite Pact signed by Germany, Italy and Japan in September 1940 and directed against the UK and the United States. No wonder that already on November 17 Molotov gave the following instructions to Soviet plenipotentiary representative in London Ivan Maisky: “For your information…No agreement was signed or was intended to be signed in Berlin. We just exchanged our views in Berlin…and that was all…Apparently, the Germans and the Japanese seem anxious to push us towards the Gulf and India. We declined the discussion of this matter as we consider such advice on the part of Germany to be inappropriate.” (Document No. 9) On November 25, the Soviet leadership called it a day altogether by officially putting forward to Berlin the conditions that were unacceptable to the Nazis, including the withdrawal of German troops from Finland, mutual assistance treaty between Bulgaria and the USSR, and a number of others. Thus it deliberately excluded any possibility of joining the Pact. Such position definitely shaped the Fuehrer’s intention to unleash a war against the USSR. And already in December, putting aside the warnings of his strategists about the disastrous danger of having a two-front war, Hitler approved Operation Barbarossa. He did this with the knowledge that the Soviet Union was the major force that opposed him in Europe and that the upcoming battle in the East would decide the outcome of the world war. He had no doubts as to the swiftness and success of the Moscow campaign.
And here I would like to highlight the following: Western countries, as a matter of fact, agreed at that time with the Soviet actions and recognized the Soviet Union’s intention to ensure its national security. Indeed, back on October 1, 1939, Winston Churchill, the First Lord of the Admiralty back then, in his speech on the radio said, “Russia has pursued a cold policy of self-interest… But that the Russian Armies should be standing on this line [meaning the new Western border] was clearly necessary for the safety of Russia against the Nazi menace.” (Document No. 10) On October 26, 1939, speaking in the House of Lords, Britain’s Foreign Secretary Lord Halifax said, “…it should be recalled that the Soviet government’s actions were to move the border essentially to the line recommended at the Versailles Conference by Lord Curzon… I only cite historical facts and believe they are indisputable.” Prominent British politician and statesman David Lloyd George emphasized, “The Russian Armies occupied the territories that are not Polish and that were forcibly seized by Poland after World War I … It would be an act of criminal insanity to put the Russian advancement on a par with the German one.”
In informal communications with Soviet plenipotentiary representative Ivan Maisky, British high-ranking politicians and diplomats spoke even more openly. On October 17, 1939, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Richard Austen Butler confided to him that “the British government circles believed there could be no question of returning Western Ukraine and Belorussia to Poland. If it were possible to create an ethnographic Poland of a modest size with a guarantee not only of the USSR and Germany, but also of Britain and France, the British government would consider itself quite satisfied.” (Document No. 11) On October 27, 1939, Neville Chamberlain’s senior advisor Horace Wilson said that “Poland would have to be restored as an independent state on its ethnographic basis, but without Western Ukraine and Belarus.” (Document No. 12)
It is worth noting that in the course of these conversations the possibilities for improving British-Soviet relations were also explored. These contacts to a large extent laid the foundation for future alliance and Anti-Hitler coalition. Winston Churchill stood out among responsible and far- sighted politicians and, despite his infamous dislike for the USSR, had been in favor of cooperating with the Soviets even before. Back in May 1939, he said in the House of Commons, “We shall be in mortal danger if we fail to create a Grand Alliance against aggression. The worst folly… would be to… drive away any natural cooperation with Soviet Russia…” And after the start of hostilities in Europe, at his meeting with Ivan Maisky on October 6, 1939, he confided that there were “no serious contradictions between the UK and the USSR and, therefore, there was no reason for strained or unsatisfactory relations. The British government was eager to develop trade relations and willing to discuss any other measures that might improve the relationships.” (Document No. 13)
World War II did not happen overnight, nor did it start unexpectedly or all of a sudden. German aggression against Poland was not out of nowhere. It was the result of a number of tendencies and factors in the world politics of that time. All pre-war events fell into place to form one fatal chain. But, undoubtedly, the main factors that predetermined the greatest tragedy in the history of mankind were state egoism, cowardice, appeasement of the aggressor who was gaining strength, and unwillingness of political elites to search for compromise.
Therefore, it is unfair to claim that the two-day visit to Moscow of Nazi Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop was the main reason for the start of World War II. All the leading countries are to a certain extent responsible for its outbreak. Each of them made fatal mistakes, arrogantly believing that they could outsmart others, secure unilateral advantages for themselves or stay away from the impending global catastrophe. This short-sightedness, the refusal to create a collective security system cost millions of lives and tremendous losses.
Saying this, I by no means intend to take on the role of a judge, who is ready to accuse or acquit anyone, let alone initiate a new round of international information confrontation in the historical field that could set countries and peoples at loggerheads. I believe that it is academics with a wide representation of respected scholars from different countries of the world who should search for a balanced assessment of what happened. We all need the truth and objectivity. On my part, I have always encouraged my colleagues to build a calm, open and trust-based dialogue, to look at the common past in a self-critical and unbiased manner. Such an approach will make it possible not to repeat the mistakes committed back then and to ensure peaceful and successful development for years to come.
However, many of our partners are not yet ready for joint work. On the contrary, pursuing their goals, they increase the number and the scope of information attacks against our country, trying to make us provide excuses and feel guilty. They adopt thoroughly hypocritical and politically motivated declarations. Thus, for example, the resolution on the Importance of European Remembrance for the Future of Europe approved by the European Parliament on September 19, 2019, directly accused the USSR – along with the Nazi Germany – of unleashing World War II. Needless to say, there is no mention of Munich in it whatsoever.
I believe that such ‘paperwork’ – for I cannot call this resolution a document – which is clearly intended to provoke a scandal, is fraught with real and dangerous threats, since it was adopted by a highly respectable institution. What did it show? Regrettably, it revealed a deliberate policy aimed at destroying the post-war world order whose creation was a matter of honor and responsibility for the countries a number of representatives of which voted today in favor of this deceitful resolution. Thus, they challenged the conclusions of the Nuremberg Tribunal and the efforts of the international community to create universal international institutions after the victorious 1945. Let me remind you in this regard that the process of European integration itself leading to the establishment of relevant structures, including the European Parliament, became possible only due to the lessons learnt form the past and its accurate legal and political assessment. And those who deliberately put this consensus into question undermine the foundations of the entire post-war Europe.
Apart from posing a threat to the fundamental principles of the world order, this also raises certain moral and ethical issues. Desecrating and insulting the memory is mean. Meanness can be deliberate, hypocritical and pretty much intentional as in the situation when declarations commemorating the 75th anniversary of the end of World War II mention all participants in the Anti-Hitler coalition except for the Soviet Union. Meanness can be cowardly as in the situation when monuments erected in honor of those who fought against Nazism are demolished and these shameful acts are justified by the false slogans of the fight against an unwelcome ideology and alleged occupation. Meanness can also be bloody as in the situation when those who come out against neo-Nazis and Bandera’s successors are killed and burned. Once again, meanness can have different manifestations, but this does not make it less disgusting.
Neglecting the lessons of history inevitably leads to a harsh payback. We will firmly uphold the truth based on documented historical facts. We will continue to be honest and impartial about the events of World War II. This includes a large-scale project to establish Russia’s largest collection of archival records, film and photo materials about the history of World War II and the pre war period.
Such work is already underway. Many new, recently discovered or declassified materials were also used in the preparation of this article. In this connection, I can state with all responsibility that there are no archive documents that would confirm the assumption that the USSR intended to start a preventive war against Germany. The Soviet military leadership indeed followed a doctrine according to which, in the event of aggression, the Red Army would promptly confront the enemy, go on the offensive and wage war on enemy territory. However, such strategic plans did not imply any intention to attack Germany first.
Of course, military planning documents, letters of instruction of Soviet and German headquarters are now available to historians. Finally, we know the true course of events. From the perspective of this knowledge, many argue about the actions, mistakes and misjudgment of the country’s military and political leadership. In this regard, I will say one thing: along with a huge flow of misinformation of various kinds, Soviet leaders also received true information about the upcoming Nazi aggression. In the pre-war months, they took steps to improve the combat readiness of the country, including the secret recruitment of a part of those liable for military duty for military training and the redeployment of units and reserves from internal military districts to western borders.
The war did not come as a surprise, people were expecting it, preparing for it. But the Nazi attack was truly unprecedented in terms of its destructive power. On June 22, 1941, the Soviet Union faced the strongest, most mobilized and skilled army in the world with the industrial, economic and military potential of almost all Europe working for it. Not only the Wehrmacht, but also Germany’s satellites and military contingents of many other states of the European continent, took part in this deadly invasion.
The most serious military defeats in 1941 brought the country to the brink of catastrophe. Combat power and control had to be restored by extreme means, nation-wide mobilization and intensification of all efforts of the state and the people. In summer 1941, millions of citizens, hundreds of factories and industries began to be evacuated under enemy fire to the east of the country. The manufacture of weapons and munition, that had started to be supplied to the front already in the first military winter, was launched behind the lines in the shortest possible time, and by 1943, the rates of military production of Germany and its allies were exceeded. Within eighteen months, the Soviet people did something that seemed impossible, both on the front lines and the home front. It is still hard to realize, understand and imagine what incredible efforts, courage, dedication these greatest achievements were worth.
The tremendous power of Soviet society, united by the desire to protect their native land, rose against the powerful, armed to the teeth, and cold-blooded Nazi invading machine. It stood up to take revenge on the enemy, who had broken and trampled peaceful life, as well as people’s plans and hopes.
Of course, fear, confusion and desperation were taking over some people during this terrible and bloody war. There were betrayal and desertion. The harsh splits caused by the revolution and the Civil War, nihilism, mockery of national history, traditions and faith that the Bolsheviks tried to impose, especially in the first years after coming to power – all of this had its impact. But the general attitude of the Soviet citizens and our compatriots who found themselves abroad was different – to save and protect the Motherland. It was a real and irrepressible impulse. People were looking for support in true patriotic values.
The Nazi ‘strategists’ were convinced that a huge multinational state could easily be brought to heel. They thought that the sudden outbreak of the war, its mercilessness and unbearable hardships would inevitably exacerbate inter- ethnic relations, and that the country could be split into pieces. Hitler clearly stated that Germany’s policy towards the peoples living in the vastness of Russia should be to promote any form of disagreement and split. (Documents No. 14 and 15)
But from the very first days, it was clear that the Nazi plan had failed. The Brest Fortress was protected to the last drop of blood by its defenders representing more than 30 ethnicities. Throughout the war – both in large-scale decisive battles and in the protection of every foothold, every meter of native land – we see examples of such unity.
The Volga region and the Urals, Siberia and the Far East, the republics of Central Asia and Transcaucasia became home to millions of evacuees. Their residents shared everything they had and provided all the support they could. Friendship of peoples and mutual help became a real indestructible fortress for the enemy.
The Soviet Union and the Red Army, no matter what anyone is trying to prove today, made the main and crucial contribution to the defeat of Nazism. These were heroes who fought to the end surrounded by the enemy at Bialystok and Mogilev, Uman and Kiev, Vyazma and Kharkov. They launched attacks near Moscow and Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa, Kursk and Smolensk. They liberated Warsaw, Belgrade, Vienna and Prague. They stormed Koenigsberg and Berlin.
We contend for genuine, unvarnished or whitewashed truth about war. This national and human truth, which is hard, bitter and merciless, has been handed down to us by writers and poets who walked through fire and hell of front trials. For my generation, as well as for many others, their honest and deep stories, novels, piercing trench prose and poems have left their mark on the soul forever. Honoring veterans who did everything they could for the Victory and remembering those who died on the battlefield has become our moral duty.
Today, the simple and great in their essence lines of Alexander Tvardovsky’s poem “I was killed near Rzhev …” dedicated to the participants of the bloody and brutal battle of the Great Patriotic War in the center of the Soviet-German front line are astonishing. In the battles for Rzhev and the Rzhev Salient alone from October 1941 to March 1943, the Red Army lost 1,342,888 people, including wounded and missing in action. For the first time, I call out these terrible, tragic and far from complete figures collected from archive sources. I do it to honor the memory of the feat of known and nameless heroes, who for various reasons were undeservingly and unfairly little talked about or not mentioned at all in the post-war years.
Let me cite another document. This is a draft report by Ivan Maisky for the Allied Commission on Reparations from Germany prepared in February 1945. The Commission’s task was to define a formula according to which defeated Germany would have to pay for the damages sustained by the victor powers. The report concluded that “the number of soldier-days spent by Germany on the Soviet front is at least ten times higher than on all other allied fronts. The Soviet front also drew back…four-fifths of German tanks and about two-thirds of German aircraft.” (Document No. 16) On the whole, the USSR accounted for about 75 percent of all military efforts undertaken by the Anti-Hitler Coalition. During the war period, the Red Army “ground up” 626 divisions of the Axis states, of which 508 were German.
On April 28, 1942, Franklin D. Roosevelt said in his address to the American nation: “These Russian forces have destroyed and are destroying more armed power of our enemies – troops, planes, tanks, and guns – than all the other United Nations put together.” (Document No. 17) Winston Churchill in his message to Joseph Stalin of September 27, 1944, wrote that “it is the Russian army that tore the guts out of the German military machine…” (Document No. 18)
Such an assessment has resonated throughout the world. Because these words are the great truth, which no one doubted then. Almost 27 million Soviet citizens lost their lives on the fronts, in German prisons, starved to death and were bombed, died in ghettos and furnaces of the Nazi death camps. The USSR lost one in seven of its citizens, the UK lost one in 127, and the United States lost one in 320. Unfortunately, this figure of the Soviet Union’s hardest and grievous losses is not exhaustive. The painstaking work should be continued to restore the names and fates of all who have perished – Red Army soldiers, partisans, underground fighters, prisoners of war and concentration camps, and civilians killed by the death squads. It is our duty. Special role here belongs to members of the search movement, military patriotic and volunteer associations, projects like the electronic database “Pamyat Naroda” (Memory of the People), which contains archival documents. Surely, close international cooperation is needed in such a common humanitarian task.
The efforts of all countries and peoples who fought against a common enemy resulted in victory. The British army protected its homeland from invasion, fought the Nazis and their satellites in the Mediterranean and North Africa. American and British troops liberated Italy and opened the Second Front. The United States dealt powerful and crushing strikes against the aggressor in the Pacific Ocean. We remember the tremendous sacrifices made by the Chinese people and their great role in defeating Japanese militarists. Let us not forget the fighters of Fighting France, who did not fall for the shameful capitulation and continued to fight against the Nazis.
We will also always be grateful for the assistance rendered by the Allies in providing the Red Army with munition, raw materials, food and equipment, since that help was significant – about 7 percent of the total military production of the Soviet Union.
The core of the Anti-Hitler Coalition began to take shape immediately after the attack on the Soviet Union where the United States and Britain unconditionally supported it in the fight against Hitler’s Germany. At the Tehran Conference in 1943, Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill formed an alliance of great powers, agreed to elaborate coalition diplomacy and a joint strategy in the fight against a common deadly threat. The leaders of the Big Three had a clear understanding that the unification of industrial, resource and military capabilities of the USSR, the United States and the UK will give unchallenged supremacy over the enemy.
The Soviet Union fully fulfilled its obligations to its allies and always offered a helping hand. Thus, the Red Army supported the landing of the Anglo-American troops in Normandy by carrying out a large-scale Operation Bagration in Belorussia. In January 1945, having broken through to the Oder River, our soldiers put an end to the last powerful offensive of the Wehrmacht on the Western Front in the Ardennes. Three months after the victory over Germany, the USSR, in full accordance with the Yalta agreements, declared war on Japan and defeated the million-strong Kwantung Army.
Back in July 1941, the Soviet leadership declared that “the purpose of the war against fascist oppressors was not only the elimination of the threat looming over our country, but also help for all the peoples of Europe suffering under the yoke of German fascism.” By mid-1944, the enemy was expelled from virtually all of the Soviet territory. However, the enemy had to be finished off in its lair. So, the Red Army started its liberation mission in Europe. It saved entire nations from destruction and enslavement, and from the horror of the Holocaust. They were saved at the cost of hundreds of thousands of lives of Soviet soldiers.
It is also important not to forget about the enormous material assistance that the USSR provided to the liberated countries in eliminating the threat of hunger and in rebuilding their economies and infrastructure. That was done at the time when ashes stretched for thousands of miles all the way from Brest to Moscow and the Volga. For instance, in May 1945, the Austrian government asked the USSR to provide assistance with food, as it “had no idea how to feed its population in the next seven weeks before the new harvest.” State Chancellor of the Provisional Government of the Austrian Republic Karl Renner described the consent of the Soviet leadership to send food as a “saving act” that the Austrians would never forget.
The Allies jointly established the International Military Tribunal to punish Nazi political and war criminals. Its decisions contained a clear legal qualification of crimes against humanity, such as genocide, ethnic and religious cleansing, anti-Semitism and xenophobia. The Nuremberg Tribunal also directly and unambiguously condemned the accomplices of the Nazis, collaborators of various kinds.
This shameful phenomenon manifested itself in all European countries. Such figures as Pétain, Quisling, Vlasov, Bandera, their henchmen and followers – though they were disguised as fighters for national independence or freedom from communism – are traitors and butchers. In terms of inhumanity, they often exceeded their masters. In their desire to serve, as part of special punitive groups they willingly executed the most inhuman orders. They were responsible for such bloody events as the shootings of Babi Yar, the Volhynia massacre, burnt Khatyn, and acts of destruction of Jews in Lithuania and Latvia.
Today as well, our position remains unchanged – there can be no excuse for the criminal acts of Nazi collaborators, there is no period of limitations for them. It is therefore bewildering that in certain countries those who are smirched with cooperation with the Nazis are suddenly equated with World War II veterans. I believe that it is unacceptable to equate liberators with occupants. I can only regard the glorification of Nazi collaborators as a betrayal of the memory of our fathers and grandfathers, and a betrayal of the ideals that united peoples in the fight against Nazism.
At that time, the leaders of the USSR, the United States, and the UK faced, without exaggeration, a historic task. Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill represented the countries with different ideologies, state aspirations, interests, and cultures, but they demonstrated great political will, rose above the contradictions and preferences and put the true interests of peace at the forefront. As a result, they were able to come to an agreement and achieve a solution from which all of humanity has benefited.
The victor powers left us a system that has become the quintessence of the intellectual and political quest of several centuries. A series of conferences – Tehran, Yalta, San Francisco and Potsdam – laid the foundation of a world that for 75 years had no global war, despite the sharpest contradictions.
Historical revisionism, the manifestations of which we now observe in the West, primarily with regard to the subject of World War II and its outcome, is dangerous because it grossly and cynically distorts the understanding of the principles of peaceful development laid down at the Yalta and San Francisco conferences in 1945. The major historic achievement of Yalta and other decisions of that time is the agreement to create a mechanism that would allow the leading powers to remain within the framework of diplomacy in resolving their differences.
The 21st century brought large-scale and comprehensive global conflicts, and in 1945, nuclear weapons capable of physically destroying the Earth also entered the scene. In other words, the settlement of disputes by force has become prohibitively dangerous. The victors in World War II understood that. They understood and were aware of their own responsibility towards humanity.
The cautionary tale of the League of Nations was taken into account in 1945. The structure of the UN Security Council was developed in a way to make peace guarantees as concrete and effective as possible. That is how the institution of the permanent members of the Security Council and the right of the veto as their privilege and responsibility came into being.
What is the power of veto in the UN Security Council? To put it bluntly, it is the only reasonable alternative to a direct confrontation between major countries. It is a statement by one of the five powers that a decision is unacceptable to it and is contrary to its interests and its ideas about the right approach. The other countries, even if they do not agree, take this position as a given, abandoning any attempts to realise their unilateral efforts. It means that in one way or another it is necessary to seek compromises.
A new global confrontation started almost immediately after the end of World War II and was at times very fierce. The fact that the Cold War did not grow into World War III has become a clear testimony of the effectiveness of the agreements concluded by the Big Three. The rules of conduct agreed upon during the creation of the United Nations made it possible to further minimize risks and keep confrontation under control.
Of course, we can see that the UN system currently experiences certain tension in its work and is not as effective as it could be. But the United Nations still performs its primary function. The principles of the UN Security Council are a unique mechanism for preventing a major war or a global conflict.
The calls that have been made quite often in recent years to abolish the power of veto, to deny special opportunities to permanent members of the Security Council are actually irresponsible. After all, if that happens, the United Nations would in essence become the League of Nations – a meeting for empty talk without any leverage on the world processes. It is well known how it ended. That is why the victor powers approached the formation of the new system of the world order with utmost seriousness seeking to avoid repetition of mistakes made by their predecessors.
The creation of the modern system of international relations is one of the major outcomes of World War II. Even the most insurmountable contradictions – geopolitical, ideological, and economic – do not prevent us from finding forms of peaceful coexistence and interaction, if there is the desire and will to do so. Today the world is going through quite a turbulent time. Everything is changing, from the global balance of power and influence to the social, economic and technological foundations of societies, nations and even continents. In the past epochs, shifts of such magnitude have almost never happened without major military conflicts and without a power struggle to build a new global hierarchy. Thanks to the wisdom and farsightedness of the political figures of the Allied Powers, it was possible to create a system that has restrained from extreme manifestations of such objective competition, historically inherent in the world development.
It is a duty of ours – all those who take political responsibility and primarily representatives of the victor powers in World War II – to guarantee that this system is maintained and improved. Today, as in 1945, it is important to demonstrate political will and discuss the future together. Our colleagues – Mr. Xi Jinping, Mr. Macron, Mr. Trump and Mr. Johnson – supported the Russian initiative to hold a meeting of the leaders of the five nuclear-weapon states, permanent members of the Security Council. We thank them for this and hope that such face-to-face meeting could take place as soon as possible.
What is our vision of the agenda for the upcoming summit? First of all, in our opinion, it would be useful to discuss steps to develop collective principles in world affairs, as well as speak frankly about the issues of preserving peace, strengthening global and regional security, strategic arms control, and joint efforts in countering terrorism, extremism and other major challenges and threats.
A special item on the agenda of the meeting is the situation in the global economy, particularly, overcoming the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic. Our countries are taking unprecedented measures to protect the health and lives of people and to support citizens who have found themselves in difficult living situations. Our ability to work together and in concert, as real partners, will show how severe the impact of the pandemic will be and how quickly the global economy will emerge from the recession. Moreover, it is unacceptable to turn the economy into an instrument of pressure and confrontation. Popular issues include environmental protection and combating climate change, as well as ensuring the security of the global information space.
The agenda proposed by Russia for the upcoming summit of the Five is extremely important and relevant both for our countries and for the entire world. We have specific ideas and initiatives on all the items.
There can be no doubt that the summit of Russia, China, France, the United States, and the UK will play an important role in finding common answers to modern challenges and threats, and will demonstrate a common commitment to the spirit of alliance, to those high humanist ideals and values for which our fathers and grandfathers fought shoulder to shoulder.
Drawing on a shared historical memory, we can trust each other and must do so. That will serve as a solid basis for successful negotiations and concerted action for the sake of enhancing the stability and security on the planet, for the sake of prosperity and well-being of all states. Without exaggeration, it is our common duty and responsibility towards the entire world, towards the present and future generations.
Great Patriotic War
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Jan (3) Feb (16) Mar (18) Apr (5) May (12) Jun (3) Jul (0) Aug (1) Sep (11) Oct (14) Nov (14) Dec (5)
MEUCE Webinar: Euro Challenge: "From Europe to the Euro" (FIU)
Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015, 03:30PM
Webinar on the Euro Challenge Competition 2015 with WISE and the Delegation of the European Union
MEUCE Conversations on Europe: "High Representative: tasks for EU Foreign Policy" (FIU)
Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2015, 12:00PM
FIU - MMC - Academic Health Center 3 - 205
Conversations on Europe: "Dear Madam High Representative: tasks for EU Foreign Policy"
MEUCE European Film Series: Croatian Films: "Kenjac" (FIU)
Monday, Jan. 26, 2015, 02:00PM
FIU - Graham Center - GC 140
This semester, the MEUCE partners with Eurochannel, the European channel TV, to screen a series of European films. The first film will be Croatian film on Jan. 26: "Kenjac"
MEUCE Workshop-Webinar: 2nd Euro Challenge Teacher Orientation at the FED (FIU)
Tuesday, Feb. 3, 2015, 03:30PM
Webinar - FED
The 2nd Euro Challenge Teacher Orientation will be a Webinar with Gloria Guzman, Senior Economic and Financial Education Specialist, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta-Miami Branch.
Middle East Studies Lecture: "Iran, the US and Europe: The Politics of Nuclear Negotiations" (FIU)
FIU, MMC - Green Library - GL 835
The Middle East Studies Program is hosting a graduate discussion with Dr. Nasser Hadian, University of Tehran, on "Iran, the U.S., and Europe: The Politics of Nuclear Negotiations".
MEUCE/Polish Lecture Series: Book Presentation on "Columbus" (FIU)
Tuesday, Feb. 10, 2015, 11:00AM
Tuesday, Feb. 10, 2015, 12:30PM
Academic Health Center 3 - 205
Presentation on the origins of Christopher Columbus by Dr. Manuel Rosa, historian
MEUCE Lecture: After the Fiesta: Lessons from the Economic Crisis in Spain (FIU)
FIU - Green Library -GL 220
The Department of Politics and International Relations is hosting a lecture by Sebastián Royo on the global financial crisis that hit Spain in 2008. This presentation seeks to explain this economic collapse, and examines how domestic policy choices and existing institutional frameworks sharply influenced, both the impact and the responses, to the 2007 global financial crisis in Spain.
MEUCE European Film-Documentary Series: "Venice" (FIU)
Friday, Feb. 13, 2015, 02:00PM
This semester, the European Studies Program and Miami-Florida European Union Center of Excellence are partnering with Eurochannel Inc. and the European Channel TV to screen a European Film Series. Our next screening is a documentary on one of the greatest cities in the world, listed as a World Heritage Site, Venice.
MEUCE Lecture: "Plutopia: The Great American and Soviet Plutonium Disasters" (FIU)
FIU - Green Library - GL 220
Lecture: "Plutopia: The Great American and Soviet Plutonium Disasters" by Dr. Kate Brown, Professor of History, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
MEUCE Lecture: "Challenges of The construction of a South American citizenship" (FIU)
Monday, Feb. 16, 2015, 12:00PM
Lecture on "Challenges of The construction of a South American citizenship based on the EU´s citizenship" by Diego Acosta Arcarazo, Lecturer in European Law, Deputy Director of Impact, University of Bristol, and member of the Project Prospects for International Migration Governance (MIGPROSP).
MEUCE Lecture: "Charlie Hebdo: Le Choc en France" (FIU)
Following the horrific terrorist attack on the offices of Charlie Hebdo in Paris on January 7th, Consul General of France in Miami, Philippe Létrilliart, will comment and follow-up on what happened in France and what exceptional measures will be implemented to address the threat of terrorism.
MEUCE Lecture: "The Euro, the Eurozone and the European Central Bank" (UM)
University of Miami - 216 Cooley Memorial Building
Maria Lorca-Susino, Lecturer at the University of Miami Depts. of International Studies and Economics, will talk about "The Euro, the Eurozone and the European Central Bank"
MEUCE Conversations on Europe: "Whose Pivot Now? Implications of Growing EU-China Ties" (FIU)
FIU - MMC - Green Library Resources Center - GL 156
MEUCE Conversations on Europe: "Whose Pivot Now? Implications of Growing EU-China Ties"
MEUCE Lecture: "The Court of Justice of the European Union" (UM)
Thursday, Feb. 19, 2015, 11:00AM
Thursday, Feb. 19, 2015, 12:00PM
Caroline Bradley, Professor of Law, University of Miami, will discussed on "The Court of Justice of the European Union"
MEUCE Two-Day EU Conference: "European Civil Society: Legitimacy through cooperation?" (FIU)
Monday, Feb. 23, 2015, 08:30AM
FIU - MARC International Pavilion
This conference will focus on the role of civil society in the functioning of regional governance today. Civil society has gained significant influence in the EU and its member states in the past few years, no matter if in consultative and advocacy roles in a number of policy arenas, or as transnational social movements in reaction to the Euro- and subsequent austerity crisis. With its rise in prominence, questions of cooptation and legitimacy of civil society actors have appeared.
MEUCE Webinar: Euro Challenge: Economic Indicators: Interactions and Policy Trade-Offs (FIU)
Wednesday, Feb. 25, 2015, 03:30PM
Join us for another informative webinar on Wednesday, February 25 as Valerie Rouxel-Laxton, Head of the Economic and Financial Affairs Section at the Delegation of the European Union to the United States, discusses the relationship between the three Euro Challenge Economic Indicators, GDP Growth, Unemployment and Inflation.
MEUCE Symposium on the TTIP (UM)
Friday, Feb. 27, 2015, 09:00AM
University of Miami - School of Business Adm. - Aresty Graduate Business Building - Room 431
Symposium/Seminar on "A new Atlantic Community: The EU, the US and Latin America"
MEUCE Workshop-Webinar: 3rd Euro Challenge Teacher Orientation - FED (FIU)
The 3rd Euro Challenge Teacher Orientation will be a Webinar on the Eurozone crisis in Europe with an economist expert from the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
Exhibition: Erika Anne Schumacher, “Beautiful Backstreets” (FIU)
Miami Beach Urban Studios in Miami Beach, Fellows' Gallery
Exhibition: Erika Anne Schumacher, “Beautiful Backstreets” Feb. 27 - 6:30 p.m. Exhibit Opening
30th Anniversary Screening of Shoah - Part I & II (FIU)
Sunday, Mar. 1, 2015, 10:00AM
Sunday, Mar. 1, 2015, 01:00PM
Jewish Museum of Florida - FIU, 301 Washington Ave., Miami Beach
The Holocaust Studies Initiative will be having a three-part screening and lecture of the Claude Lanzmann film Shoah. All screenings will take place at the Jewish Museum of Florida-FIU. Please see more information for all the details.
MEUCE/Polish Lecture Series: "Poland and the Ukrainian Crisis" (FIU)
Monday, Mar. 2, 2015, 12:00PM
FIU - MMC - Green Library - GL 100
Lecture on "Poland and the Ukrainian Crisis" by Dr. Krzysztof Jasiewicz, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.
Past Violence: Widening the Scope of Research: European-Global-Prehistoric (FIU)
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, GL 220
The Atlantic Colloquium and the Department of History are hosting a lecture by Dr. Pieter Spierenburg who will discuss the long-term history of various types of violence throughout the non-Western world.
Building Democratic Institutions in a Young Democracy: The Case of Bulgaria (FIU)
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, SIPA 103
The Department of Public Administration is hosting a lecture by Former Prime Minister of Bulgaria, Georgi Bliznashki and wife Dr. Polya Katsamunska.
MEUCE Webinar: Euro Challenge: "An an “Update on the Economic Situation in the Euro Area” (FIU)
Wednesday, Mar. 4, 2015, 03:30PM
Join us for another informative webinar on Wednesday, March 4 as Valerie Rouxel-Laxton, Head of the Economic and Financial Affairs Section at the Delegation of the European Union to the United States, discusses an “Update on the Economic Situation in the Euro Area”
Cuba and the World in 2015: Between the Past and the Future (FIU)
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, MARC Pavilion
The Václav Havel Initiative for Human Rights & Diplomacy is hosting a panel discussion where four distinguished scholars will examine important dimensions of Cuba’s current foreign relations and what these mean for human rights and the process of democratization on the island.
30th Anniversary Screening of Shoah - Part III (FIU)
The Holocaust Studies Initiative will be having a three-part screening and lecture of the Claude Lanzmann film Shoah. All screenings will take place at the Jewish Museum of Florida-FIU. Please see more information for all the dates.
MEUCE Competition: Local Florida Euro Challenge Competition 2015 (FIU)
Thursday, Mar. 12, 2015, 08:30AM
Thursday, Mar. 12, 2015, 02:30PM
FIU - MMC - MARC Building
The Local Florida Euro Challenge Competition 2015 will take place at FIU on March 12, 2015
World's Fair Milan Expo 2015
Miami Dade College Wolfson Campus
Official USA Pre-Launch event of the World's Fair Milan Expo 2015 in Miami "Feeding the planet Miami 2015 Energy for Life: America, and the Old World: Food, Health & Culture"
MEUCE Lecture on The EU and the Ukraine Crisis: The end of the "European Model?" (FIU)
Tuesday, Mar. 17, 2015, 11:00AM
Tuesday, Mar. 17, 2015, 12:30PM
The EU and the Ukraine Crisis: The end of the "European Model?" by Dr. Beverly Crawford,and Dr. Jeff Pennington The University of California, Berkeley
MEUCE Conversations on Europe: " TTIP-Ping Point?" (FIU)
MEUCE Conversations on Europe: "TTIP-Ping Point? The Present and future of the Transatlantic Trade Agreement"
MEUCE European Film Series: "The Monuments Men" (FIU)
Wednesday, Mar. 18, 2015, 02:00PM
The MEUCE, European Studies Program, European Students association are partnering to screen an historical film based on the true story of the greatest treasure hunt in history: "The Monuments Men"
Lecture on "Confronting Intolerace Today" (FIU)
Koubek Center - Miami Dade College | 2705 SW 3rd St. |Miami, FL. 33135
"Confronting Intolerance Today" A Panel Discussion on immigration reform
MEUCE Lecture: "European Security and Foreign Policy" (UM)
Lecture on "European Security and Foreign Policy" by Maxime Larive, Research Associate, European Union Center/Jean Monnet Chair, University of Miami
MEUCE Culture: "In endless waiting rooms: Our Stories" (FIU)
Sunday, Mar. 29, 2015, 03:00PM
The Miracle Theatre (Balcony Theatre) 280 Miracle Mile | Coral Gables, FL
Join the Florida Grand Opera and the FIU School of International and Public Affairs for an afternoon of personal reflections on the experience of leaving home and traveling to a strange, new land.
Lecture: "Dreyfus Was Not Alone:Jewish Military Officers in the Modern World"
Monday, Mar. 30, 2015, 02:00PM
The School of International and Public Affairs is hosting a lecture by Dr. Derek Penslar, University of Toronto. Dr. Penslar will talk about the Dreyfus Affair and the story of the Jewish military officers based on their own writings and the evidence left behind in the French military archives
MEUCE Euro Challenge Competition 2015 Recognition & Awards (FIU)
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta - Miami Branch - 9100 NW 36 Street – Miami, FL 33178
FIU is proud of organizing in partnership with the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Miami Branch, a Recognition & Award Luncheon for the 2 Florida High Schools Winners
MEUCE Lecture: “The European Union and Russia” (UM)
Lecture: “The European Union and Russia” by Dina Moulioukova
CANCELLED: MEUCE/SIPA Lecture: His Excellency Yuriy Sergeyev, Ambassador of Ukraine (FIU)
Tuesday, Apr. 7, 2015, 11:00AM
Tuesday, Apr. 7, 2015, 12:30PM
THIS EVENT HAS BEEN CANCELLED His Excellency Yuriy Sergeyev, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine to Commonwealth of the Bahamas, will talk about "Ukraine in the beginning of 2015: challenges and hopes"
MEUCE Conversations on Europe: "Before there was Ebola: European Responses" (FIU)
Tuesday, Apr. 14, 2015, 12:00PM
MEUCE Conversations on Europe: "Before there was Ebola: European Responses to diseases in Africa - Past and Present"
MEUCE Exhibition: "Anne Frank - A History for Today" (FIU)
Tuesday, Apr. 28, 2015, 08:00AM
Miami Beach Urban Studios in Miami Beach, Florida
This Spring, in conjunction with the Consulate General of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Miami, the Anne Frank Center USA, The Anne Frank Center USA, will open their definitive exhibit "Anne Frank: A History for Today", at three locations in Miami, FL. From April 28-May 22, the exhibition will take place at the Miami Beach Urban Studios.
MEUCE Euro Challenge Competition 2015 - Semifinal & Final Rounds at the Federal Reserve Bank of NY
Thursday, Apr. 30, 2015, 08:30AM
Thursday, Apr. 30, 2015, 05:00PM
Federal Reserve Bank of New York - 33 Liberty Street - New York, NY 10045
EURO CHALLENGE COMPETITION 2015 - Semifinal & Final Rounds at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York - April 30th - Congratulations to Trinity Preparatory School, and Felix Varela Senior High School
MEUCE Lecture: "Relationship between EU Integration and the Serbian Orthodox Church" (FIU)
Lecture on "Relationship between EU Integration and the Serbian Orthodox Church" by Dr. Marija Brujic, Research Associate, University of Belgrade, Serbia
MEUCE: Let's Celebrate Europe Day - May 3-22, 2015 (FIU)
Sunday, May. 3, 2015, 09:00AM
Sunday, May. 3, 2015, 06:00PM
Florida International University - Modesto A. Maidique Campus - Graham Center GC 140
On the occasion of Europe Day, May 9th, the Miami-Florida European Union of Excellence is organizing different Education and Cultural events from May 4th to 22nd.
Polish Concert: Duo Clavitarre: Jolanta Ziemska, piano Maciej Ziemski, Guitar
Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Key Biscayne
The Duo Clavitarre: Jolanta Ziemska, piano; and Maciej Ziemski, Guitar will perform a wonderful program work from tango to mazurka (In the program: Astor Piazzolla, Claude Debussy,Fryderyk Chopin)
MEUCE will be present at eMerge Americas Conference on May 4-5 (FIU)
Monday, May. 4, 2015, 09:00AM
Monday, May. 4, 2015, 05:00PM
Miami Beach Convention Center - Booth B-18
The Miami-Florida European Union Center of Excellence at FIU,EURAXESS, and the German Aerospace Center will be present with a booth at eMerge Americas Conference. Two experts in EU Research and Innovation Funding will be at our booth on May 4 and 5.
MEUCE European Short Film Festival "Youth in Europe" - May 4-6, 2015 (FIU)
The MEUCE and Eurochannel are partnering to organize the European Short Film Festival on "Youth in Europe" at FIU from May 4 to 6, 2015
MEUCE Film Series: "Jack Strong" (Polish Film) (FIU)
Tuesday, May. 5, 2015, 12:00PM
Jack Strong is a 2014 Polish political thriller film directed by Władysław Pasikowski, starring Marcin Dorociński, Maja Ostaszewska, Dagmara Dominczyk and Patrick Wilson. The film is based on the true story of Ryszard Kukliński, a Polish Army colonel who spied for the American Central Intelligence Agency during the height of the Cold War. The title of the film, Jack Strong, was Kukliński's secret agent pseudonym
MEUCE Research Workshop: EU Research and Innovation Funding - Horizon 2020
Wednesday, May. 6, 2015, 11:00AM
Wednesday, May. 6, 2015, 01:15PM
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus - ECS 349
The Miami-Florida European Union Center of Excellence is organizing a “Practical Workshop on EU Research and Innovation Fundings - Horizon 2020".
MEUCE Concert: Andrea Bocelli (FIU)
FIU - MMC - Graham Center - GC 140
"Love in Portofino" with Andrea Bocelli
University of Miami Life Science and Technology Park - Miami FL 33136
MEUCE Recognition Award Ceremony - European Studies Certificates (FIU)
Friday, May. 8, 2015, 01:00PM
Recognition Award Ceremony for FIU students who obtained their Undergraduate and Graduate Certificates in European Studies in Spring 2015; and the High School students who participated in the Euro Challenge Competition 2015.
MEUCE EU Film Series: French Film: Nous nous sommes tant hais (FIU)
European Film Screening: “Nous nous sommes tant hais” (How we hated each other) which re-enacts the birth of the European Union
MEUCE Panel Discussion: European Identity and Intercultural Communication (FIU)
Tuesday, May. 12, 2015, 11:00AM
Tuesday, May. 12, 2015, 12:30PM
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, DM 233
During this EU Consuls’ Information Panel on "European Identity and Intercultural Communication", two European Consuls will present their country, their own culture identity and personal experience to the students
MEUCE Teacher Workshop on European Union (FIU)
Friday, May. 22, 2015, 08:30AM
Friday, May. 22, 2015, 03:30PM
The MEUCE is organizing a workshop on the European Union for Miami-Dade High School Teachers
MEUCE Lecture: "The Price of Energy and its impact in the Economics of the US and Eurozone" (FIU)
Thursday, Jun. 4, 2015, 08:30AM
Miami Downtown
The MEUCE and the European Chambers of Commerce in Miami are organizing a lecture on "The Price of Energy and its impact in the Economics of the US and Eurozone: Implications for the TTIP" by Maria Lorca-Susino, Associate Researcher, European Union Center; Economics and Political Economy for the Departments of Economics and International Studies, University of Miami
European Studies Workshop for High School Teachers (FIU)
Monday, Jun. 15, 2015, 08:45AM
Monday, Jun. 15, 2015, 03:30PM
Nova Middle School – 3602 College Ave. - Media Center - Davie, FL 33314
The European Studies Program at FIU and the University of California, Berkeley, are organizing a one-day workshop on “Contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe in Historical Context” for high School teachers.
MEUCE Lecture: "In Search of Movement: Food, Environment and New Political Imaginaries in Cont (FIU)
Friday, Jun. 26, 2015, 01:30PM
Lecture on "In Search of Movement: Food, Environment and New Political Imaginaries in Contemporary Europe" by Michal Osterweil, lecturer, UNC Chapel Hill
“Photo 51: Is Corruption in Russia’s DNA?”
Thursday, Aug. 27, 2015, 07:00PM
Miami Beach Urban Studios - 420 Lincoln Road - Suite 440 - Miami Beach
A collaboration between the FIU School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA) and FIU’s College of Architecture + the Arts brings this exhibition to the Miami Beach Urban Studios. “Photo 51: Is Corruption in Russia’s DNA?”
Visit of Italian Delegation Universita de La Sapienza Roma at FIU
Friday, Sep. 4, 2015, 08:30AM
Friday, Sep. 4, 2015, 12:30PM
Florida International University - School of Computing & Information Sciences
An Italian Delegation in Engineering from the Universita de La Sapienza Roma visited FIU, and met FIU Faculty for future collaboration.
Lecture on TTIP by Dr. Lucien Cernat, Chief Trade Economist, European Commission (UM)
UM - Coral Gables - AGB 431
"Mega-FTAs, Globalization and Technological Change: What trade rules for the 21st century?" by Dr. Lucien Cernat, Chief Trade Economist of the European Commission
Exhibition: Anne Morgan's War: American Women Rebuilding France, 1917-1924
Thursday, Sep. 10, 2015, 06:00PM
Coral Gables Museum - Anthony R. Abraham Gallery
Exhibition Anne Morgan's War:American Women Rebuilding France, 1917-1924 - September 10 - November 28, 2015
European Film Series: "L'Auberge Espagnole" - Franco-Spanish Film
Monday, Sep. 14, 2015, 01:00PM
The European and Eurasian Studies Program, in collaboration with the European Students Association, is pleased to premiere a series of European Films during the semester. The first of these is a French film: "L'Auberge Espagnole"
Conversations on Europe: "Back to School at What Cost"
Conversations on Europe: "Back to School... at what cost: Comparing Higher Education Models in the US & Europe"
BILAT USA 2.0 Research Workshop: EU Research and Innovation Funding - Horizon 2020 (FIU)
Thursday, Sep. 24, 2015, 11:00AM
AHC4-402
The Miami-Florida Jean Monnet Center of Excellence at FIU is organizing a “Practical Workshop on EU Research and Innovation Fundings - Horizon 2020" for FIU Faculy. (By invitation only)
BILAT USA 2.0 Research Workshop: EU Research and Innovation Funding - Horizon 2020 (UM)
University of Miami - Coral Gables - Knight Physics Building – Conference Room 334
The Miami-Florida Jean Monnet Center of Excellence, in collaboration with the University of Miami, and the Miami Scientific Italian Community, is organizing a workshop on the EU Research and Innovation Funding possibilities for UM Faculty at the University of Miami (By Invitation only)
BILAT USA 2.0 Research Workshop: EU Research and Innovation Funding - Horizon 2020 (Max Planck FL)
Friday, Sep. 25, 2015, 11:00AM
Friday, Sep. 25, 2015, 05:00PM
Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience - Jupiter, FL
The Miami-Florida Jean Monnet Center of Excellence, in collaboration with Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience, is organizing a workshop on the EU Research and Innovation Funding possibilities for Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience, SCRIPPS and FAU Scientists at Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience (By Invitation only)
BILAT USA 2.0 New Frontiers in Science Diplomacy – Opportunities for EU-US Cooperation - Washington
Monday, Sep. 28, 2015, 08:30AM
SAIS - John Hopkins University - Paul H. Nitze Building - Washington DC
On the initiative of the EU-funded BILAT USA 2.0 project, high-level policy-makers, reputable scientists as well as high level experts and political advisors came together to discuss on the importance of science diplomacy and areas of potential cooperation for both sides of the Atlantic.
Conversations on Europe: Language and Identity in France, Belgium, and the Maghreb
Conversations on Europe: "The language and Identity in the Francophony World (France, Belgium, and the Maghreb)" (Conversation in French)
BILAT USA 2.0 Consortium Meeting (Washington DC)
Tuesday, Sep. 29, 2015, 08:30AM
Tuesday, Sep. 29, 2015, 03:30PM
SAIS - John Hopkins University - Washington DC
All European and American partners met at the BILAT USA 2.0 Consortium Meeting in Washington DC to discuss collaboration, activities, follow-up, and new projects for the BILAT USA 2.0 Horizon 2020 project.
Panel Discussion on "The Death Penalty: European Union and International Perspectives"
Thursday, Oct. 8, 2015, 07:00PM
FIU - College of Law - Courtroom 1000
On Oct. 8 - two day before Oct. 10th-World Day Against the Death Penalty, The Miami-Florida Jean Monnet Center of Excellence, the Steven J. Green School of International and Public Affairs, the College of Law,will welcome the European Consuls General in Miami, and FIU College of Law experts to discuss European and International Perspectives on Capital Punishment.
Screening of "Leviathan"
Tuesday, Oct. 13, 2015, 06:30PM
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, GC 140
The Steven J. Green School of International and Public Affairs is screening the film "Leviathan" with commentary by Rebecca Friedman. Co-sponsored by the College of Architecure and the Arts, European and Eurasian Studies Program and Miami Beach Urban Studios.
Cuba and the European Union: Opportunities, Challenges and Tensions
Friday, Oct. 16, 2015, 02:00PM
Join the Václav Havel Program for Human Rights and Diplomacy for an informative conversation on EU̶-Cuba relations. Pavel Telička, an experienced European representative will discuss the on-going negotiations for a new bilateral treaty between the EU and Cuba, including the most sensitive aspect of this diplomatic process: the issue of human rights and Cuban civil society.
Lecture: “The European Union model of integration under threat" (UM)
Monday, Oct. 19, 2015, 12:30PM
University of Miami - Dooley Memorial 125 D - Coral Gables
“The European Union model of integration under threat: the crisis of migration and its effects on security and the Neighborhood Policy” by Maxime Larive, Associate Director, European Union Center, University of Illinois
Lecture: “The European Court of Justice" (UM)
Tuesday, Oct. 20, 2015, 09:30AM
Lecture: “The European Court of Justice: Function, contribution to EU integration and its relationship to the European legal system” by Peter Vavrik, European Parliament, EU Fellow,UM
Conversations on Europe: "Europe Jews: Past, Present, Future?"
Conversations on Europe videoconference series:"Europe Jews: Past, Present, Future?" By all accounts, the number of anti-Semitic incidences—including violent attacks on synagogues, businesses and individuals—has reached a postwar high across Europe.
Lecture on "Swedish domestic & International Politics: Past & Present"
Wednesday, Oct. 21, 2015, 10:00AM
FIU - MMC - PG5-134
Lecture on "Swedish domestic & International Politics: Past & Present" by former Swedish Ambassador Christer Persson
"Italy Day at FIU"
Thursday, Oct. 22, 2015, 01:30PM
The Consulate General of Italy, the Miami-Florida Jean Monnet Center of Excellence, and the European & Eurasian Studies are partnering to organize an "Italian Day at FIU". Italian films, discussions with author, director, and actor are planned. Guest of Honor: the Consul General of Italy.
Lecture: "The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership between the US and the EU" (UM)
Lecture: "The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the United States and the European Union" by Peter Vavrik, European Parliament,EU Fellow, UM
The Syrian Crisis in Focus
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, CP 145 (Chemistry & Physics)
Join the School of International and Public Affairs for a panel discussion that explores the conflict and crisis in Syria. FIU faculty experts will discuss the origins of the crisis, its domestic and societal impact on Syria and the Syrian people, and the geopolitical impact of the crisis on the region and the neighboring world.
Panel Discussion: "FIU Students' Experience in France: What they learned"
FIU students will discuss about their experience they had in France this summer - Guest of Honor: Hon. Philippe Letrilliart, Consul General of France in Miami.
Lecture on "The Death of Parmesan: Material Culture, Media, and the Past in Russian Everyday Life"
Miami Beach Urban Studios | Main Gallery
Lecture on "The Death of Parmesan: Material Culture, Media, and the Past in Russian Everyday Life" by Joy Neumeyer, PhD candidate in History, University of California, Berkeley, and Berkeley Fellow
Presentation on the Euro Challenge Competition 2016 to Gulliver Preparatory School (FIU)
Friday, Oct. 30, 2015, 09:45AM
Gulliver Preparatory School - Pinecrest, FL
The Miami-Florida Jean Monnet Center of Excellence is currently recruiting High Schools in Miami-Dade, and Broward County for the Euro Challenge Competition 2016. Christine I. Caly-Sanchez , the Associate Director of the MF_JMCE at FIU will make a presentation on the competition to Gulliver Preparatory School students.
European Film Screening: "Midnight in Paris"
The European and Eurasian Studies Program, in collaboration with the European Student Association, is pleased to premiere a series of European Films during the semester. The second of these is: "Midnight in Paris"
European Film Series - French Historical Documentary on WWI: "Apocalypse"
Monday, Nov. 2, 2015, 01:00PM
In collaboration with the Consulate General of France in Miami,and in order to commemorate the century of World War I, the European and Eurasian Studies and the Europe Student Association, will screen historical documentaries of World War I entitled "Apocalypse - 1ere Guerre Mondiale"; The 1st and 2nd episodes will be "Fury and Fear"
Ukrainian Perspectives in an Uncertain World
Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2015, 02:00PM
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, CBC 232
Join the Steven J. Green School of International and Public Affairs for a presentation on the contemporary international relations of Ukraine, with special emphasis on the country’s relationship with Russia and the European Union. On October 15, 2015, Ukraine was elected to the UN Security Council, adding a new dimension to the country’s foreign policy agenda.
Liquid Continents: Historicizing the Seas as Spaces of Collective Experience
Wednesday, Nov. 4, 2015, 06:30PM
FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Frost Art Museum
Join the Spanish and Mediterranean Studies Program for a presentation by scholar Aurora Morcillo and artist Rufina Santana that explores the intellectual and artistic effort to historicize the seas as spaces of human interaction, self-recognition and reinvention.
“The Economy of the European Union: Spain´s perception” (UM)
Thursday, Nov. 5, 2015, 09:30AM
University of Miami - Coral Gables
Lecture on “The Economy of the European Union: Spain´s perception”
The Legal Foundations of European Economic Governance (UM)
Thursday, Nov. 5, 2015, 12:30PM
University of Miami Law and Carmen Perez-Llorca, Director of International Graduate Law Programs, cordially invite you to attend the International Law Lecture Series talk featuring Professor Antonio Estella de Noriega: "The Legal Foundations of European Economic Governance"
Lecture on "The Role of American Women during WWI"
Dr. Marilyn Hoder-Salmon will lecture on "The Role of American Womend during WWI"
Blanka Rosenstiel Lecture Series on Poland: "Kosciuszko A Man Before His Time"
Friday, Nov. 6, 2015, 10:00AM
Friday, Nov. 6, 2015, 12:00PM
Film screening: “Kosciuszko: A Man Before His Time”* \ Followed by Discussion with *Alex Storozynski*, a Pulitzer Prize winning journalist, award-winning author, director, and President Emeritus & Vice Chairman of the Board of The Kosciuszko Foundation
Lecture: "25 Years of German Unity - 26th Anniversary of Germany's Reunification"
Monday, Nov. 9, 2015, 10:00AM
FIU - PG5 - 134
Lecture on "25 Years of Germany Unity - The 26th Anniversary of Germany's Reunification" by Hon. Jürgen Borsch, Consul General of the Federal Republic of Germany
Panel Discussion on "The European Refugee and Migration Crisis"
Tuesday, Nov. 10, 2015, 10:00AM
Tuesday, Nov. 10, 2015, 12:00PM
Roundtable on the European Refugee and Migration Crisis with FIU Faculty experts
Lecture: “The Euro: its need for European integration, in the context of the Paris attacks”
University of Miami - 102 Cooley Memorial Building - Coral Gables
Lecture: “The Euro: its need for European integration, in the context of the Paris attacks” by María Lorca-Susino, Lecturer, University of Miami, Department of Economics
Conversations on Europe: Rescue & Prevent: Responses to Europe's Migration Crisis
Conversations on Europe videoconference series:"Rescue & Prevent: Responses to Europe's Migration Crisis"
Candle Light Vigil in honor of Paris Terrorists Attacks
Wednesday, Nov. 18, 2015, 08:00PM
Florida International University - Housing Squad-Everglade Hall-1590 SW 111th Ave- Miami, FL 33174
FIU will be holding a Candle Light Vigil in the Housing Quad - Everglade Hall - tonight at 8:00 p.m. in order to honor the victims of the tragedy that occured in Paris last Friday.
Lecture: “The Cohesion and Regional policies of the EU” (UM)
Thursday, Nov. 19, 2015, 09:30AM
University of Miami - Dooley Memorial 102 - Coral Gables
Lecture: “The Cohesion and Regional policies of the EU” by Peter Vavrik European Parliament EU Fellow
European Film Series-Polish Film: "The Pianist"
Thursday, Nov. 19, 2015, 01:00PM
The European and Eurasian Studies Program, in collaboration with the European Student Association, is pleased to premiere a series of European Films during the semester.The third film will be a Polish one: "The Pianist"
Lecture: “The European Union member states in the Council of Europe and the United Nations”
Tuesday, Dec. 1, 2015, 09:30AM
“The European Union member states in the Council of Europe and the United Nations” by Ambler H. Moss, Jr. Professor of International Studies and Alberto D’Alessandro Council of Europe and European Movement
Euro Challenge Competition HS Student Orientation
Friday, Dec. 4, 2015, 08:30AM
Friday, Dec. 4, 2015, 02:30PM
One day seminar - Euro Challenge Competition HS Student Orientation. Students and teachers from 10 high schools will be attending this orientation. These schools will be participating in the Euro Challenge Competition 2016.
Ph.D. Dissertation Defense Proposal:“The Cultural Foundations of Transatlantic Integration” (UM)
Thursday, Dec. 10, 2015, 03:00PM
University of Miami - Seminar Room No 110, first floor, 1300 Camposano - Coral Gables
Ph.D. Dissertation Defense Proposal:Jorge Smith-Carbajal - Title of Dissertation:“The Cultural Foundations of Transatlantic Integration”
Conversations on Europe: "The Climate for Climate Change Negociations"
Friday, Dec. 11, 2015, 12:00PM
Jean Monnet Conversations on Europe: "The Climate for Climate Change Negociations"
Euro Challenge 2016 Program Orientation Webinar
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Rediff.com » News » Obama confident that Pakistan's nukes are secure
Obama confident that Pakistan's nukes are secure
By Lalit K Jha in Washington
US President Barack Obama exuded confidence that the nuclear weapons of Pakistan are safe and secure, about which a lot of concerns have been expressed in the recent past. "I have confidence that the Pakistani government has safeguarded its nuclear arsenal. It is Pakistan's nuclear arsenal," Obama told the Dawn television of Pakistan in an interview.
"I won't engage in hypotheticals like that," Obama said when asked: "Do you actually see the possibility that one day the Taliban may take over those weapons? And if you see that happening, would you actually try to seize those weapons before the Taliban?" However, Obama said he is concerned about growing extremism in the region. "What I do have concerns about is making sure that the Taliban and other extremist organizations aren't taking root in South Asia, in Afghanistan, in the Middle East," he said.
The US president underlined the need for global cooperation to see that the "cancer" of terrorism does nottake root. "We want to partner with everybody to make sure that this cancer does not grow. One of the things that I said in my speech in Cairo is that Islam has an extraordinary tradition of tolerance and peaceful coexistence and that tradition is being distorted and being warped," Obama said.
The President hoped that the United States will not have to send more troops to Afghanistan as the local government can ensure the country does not become a safe havenfor terrorists. "Now, the United States, we do not want to be in a position where we're having to send troops to Afghanistan, for example. We would love the Afghan government to be secure and stable so that it can ensure that it does not become a safe haven for organizations like al Qaeda," he said. "We would much prefer being a partner with countries like Afghanistan or Pakistan, and simply work together on issues of common interest like commerce and increasing trade and improving development in all countries," Obama said.
He underlined Washington's determination to stand up against those who distorted religion and were trying to wreakhavoc worldwide. "But it's very difficult to do that if you have people who have distorted a great religion and are now trying to wreak havoc not only in the West but most often directed against fellow Muslims in places like Pakistan. And that is something that we will always stand against," Obama said.
Lalit K Jha in Washington
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Directory of Guides and Directories Resources
Home > Regional > North America > United States > Wisconsin > Guides and Directories
Sites which provide general information about the entire state or major regions of it, and/or contain links to other sites with such information. Subjects commonly covered include recreation, tourism and community information.
Dining Guides
Anything Wisconsin
http://www.anythingwisconsin.com/
Directory for resorts, campgrounds, fishing, hunting, casino gambling, skiing, snowmobiling, specialty foods.
http://badgerlink.dpi.wi.gov/
Directory of educational, children's, and government sites, online newspapers and magazines, access to library catalogs and websites, and reference help.
Central Wisconsin on the Web
http://library.uwsp.edu/cwis/
A guide to area websites produced by the UW-Stevens Point University Library.
ElSurfo - Things To Do - Wisconsin
http://elsurfo.com/todo/wi.htm
Directory of Wisconsin links, with an emphasis on tourism destinations.
Escape To Wisconsin
http://www.escapetowisconsin.com/
Calendar of events, attractions, visitor's guide. Maintained by the Wisconsin Association of Convention and Visitors Bureaus.
Lake Superior Explorer
http://www.lakesuperiorexplorer.com/
Regional search engine for northern Minnesota and Wisconsin attractions, lodging, dining, gift stores and real estate.
Miss Pronouncer
http://misspronouncer.com/
Radio announcer presents MP3 files demonstrating how to pronounce names of Wisconsin places and people. Requires JavaScript; does not work in some browsers.
Northern Wisconsin's Internet Home
http://www.northgoods.com/
Directory of northern Wisconsin businesses.
The Wisconsin Network.com
http://www.thewisconsinnetwork.com/
Network of searchable statewide classified ad directories including auctions, events, businesses, and coupons.
West Central Wisconsin Community Webring
http://www.wcwcw.com/
Directories, public service announcements, advertising, web design and hosting.
Wisconsin Online
http://www.wisconline.com/
What's happening in Wisconsin: events, weather, maps, almanac, attractions.
Wisconsin Search
http://www.wisearch.com/
Search by keyword for sites of state interest.
Home > Regional > North America > United States > Guides and Directories
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Edit the description's bibliography
Animalia: Pearly Monocle Bream (species: Scolopsis margaritifera)
References that assist with identification
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene (1990). Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Other references
Bruce, N.L. (1986). Australian Pleopodias Richardson, 1910, and Anilocra Leach, 1818 (Isopoda: Cymothoidae), crustacean parasites of marine fishes, Records of the Australian Museum, 39: 85-130. LIRS catalog number 221.
Grutter, A.S. and R. Poulin (1998). Intraspecific and interspecific relationships between host size and the abundance of parasitic larval gnathiid isopods on coral reef fishes, Marine Ecology Progress Series, 164: 263-271. LIRS catalog number 544.
Jabbar, A., A. Asnoussi, L.J. Norbury, A. Eisenbarth, S. Shamsi, R.B. Gasser, A.L. Lopata and I. Beveridge (2012). Larval anisakid nematodes in teleost fishes from Lizard Island, northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research, 63: 1283-1299. LIRS catalog number 1584.
Martin, S.B., S.C. Cutmore and T.H. Cribb (2017). Revision of Neolebouria Gibson, 1976 (Digenea: Opecoelidae), with Trilobovarium n. g., for species infecting tropical and subtropical shallow-water fishes. Systematic Parasitology, 94: 307-338. LIRS catalog number 2072.
Richardson, L.E., N.A.J. Graham, M.S. Pratchett, J.G. Eurich and A.S. Hoey (2018). Mass coral bleaching causes biotic homogeniszation of reef fish assemblages. Global Change Biology, doi: 10.1111/gcb.14119. LIRS catalog number 2200.
Vaughan, D.B. and K.W. Christison (2017). Anoplodiscus Sonsino, 1890 (Monogenea: Anoplodiscidae): a new Australian species, and the first African record from South African hosts. Systematic Parasitology, 94: 891-906. LIRS catalog number 2189.
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“Spartak” won the third home match against Minsk “Dynamo” in the current season
“Spartak” won the third home match against Minsk “Dynamo” in the current season of the KHL
MOSCOW, 24 Jan – Spartak Moscow beat Dynamo Minsk in overtime in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) regular season match.
Kontinental Hockey League (KHL)
January 24, 2023 • start at 19:30
Finished at OT
Spartak MoscowRussia
four : 3
Dynamo MinskBelarus
The main time of the meeting in Moscow ended with the score 3:3 (2:1, 1:1, 0:1). As part of the hosts, goals were scored by Alexander Khokhlachev (1st minute), who extended the hitting streak to six games (2 goals and 5 assists), Maxim Tsyplakov (15) and Matvey Zaseda (37). The guests scored Stepan Zvyagin (10), Cedric Paquette (34) and Nikita Zorkin (57). In overtime, Spartak’s victory was brought by Andrey Loktionov’s accurate shot into an empty net (61).
Earlier this season, the Red-Whites defeated Dynamo three times in the season (3:2 OT, 2:1 B, 6:5 B) and lost once (2:3). Two of the three victories were won in Moscow.
Spartak won the second victory in a row and, having scored 57 points in 55 matches, is in seventh place in the Western Conference standings. Dynamo moved up to eighth place with 54 points. In the next match, the Red-Whites will host Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod on January 26, while Minskers will play away against Beijing’s Kunlun Red Star on the same day.
Categories News Tags continental hockey league (khl), current, Dynamo, HC Spartak (Moscow), HK Dynamo (Moscow), home, KHL regular season, match, matvey session, Maxim Tsyplakov, Minsk, season, Spartak, sporting news, won
Chelsea found a way to cheat UEFA. The club cynically bends the rules for the sake of transfers
“I never eat at home. We have 13 or 14 restaurants.” What was the childhood of Andrei Rublev
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Galerija umjetnina Split
Old Masters Collection
Modern Art Collection
Contemporary Art Collection
Poster Collection
Photo, Film, Video and New Media Art Collection
The Collection Online
Restoration Department
zakonske odredbe i natječaji
Radio galerija
Bistro Galerija
NINA IVANČIĆ
December 20, 2022 – February 5, 2023
Exhibition curator: Božo Majstorović
On December 20, 2022, a retrospective exhibition of Nina Ivančić, a prominent Croatian artist and long-time professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Split, will open at the Museum of Fine Arts. The exhibition includes works from the mid-1970s to the recent series of collages in a geometric style. This is beyond doubt one of the most significant opuses in Croatian contemporary art, which, despite all changes in styles and motifs, and the diversity of poetics and media, displays a consistent artistic idea. Every stage of the artist’s creative process is carefully thought out, which results in visually attractive works of undeniable artistic value, in which exceptional craftsmanship is always consistent with the concept and adjusted to it, and is manifested equally in her colourful and gesturally sumptuous paintings from the first half of the 1980s and in her later artworks, dominated by aristocratic reticence in expression.
Created in the transition period from modernism to postmodernism and the later neo-modernist turn of the second modern, Nina’s art went through different phases, always “a step ahead of the critics and the prevailing norms.” She matured artistically in the mid-70s, at the time of the emergence of new media and materials, when new forms of artistic action and expression were established, such as performances, happenings, spatial interventions, and artistic actions, and when the process of dematerialization of the art object was brought to completion with conceptual art. The increasingly present innovative routine and self-assertive activism of the New Art Practice were not inspiring to Nina. The decision to build her artistic position within the traditional medium of painting must have seemed retrograde at that moment, especially since she was not interested in painting as a mere consequence of the working process, something that the current primary painting was insisting upon. Time would soon show just the opposite. It turned out that Nina, in fact, heralded the prevalent strategies of the decade to come. Therefore, it is not surprising that she welcomed the 1980s and the noisy return of painting to the art scene after a lean iconoclastic period. She turned into one of the leading personalities of the New Painting, unreservedly indulging in the vices and pleasures of the painting act, in pictorial opulence, broad and free gesture, in unfettered adoption of different manners and motifs. With a cultivated expressionist gesture, she created scenes of organic exuberance on the borderline between real and unreal. She built her scenes with allusions, fragments of symbols and allegories, which suggested rather than constituted an interconnected iconographic whole.
Although the geometrization process began earlier, the finial break coincided with the artist’s departure to New York in 1986. Like several years before, Nina anticipated the transition from the hot trans-avantgarde of the beginning of the decade to the cold trans-avantgarde of the new geometry (neo geo). Dynamic compositions of biomorphic forms were replaced by a flat grid of geometric forms and rectilinear drawings, restraint, and a completely muted gesture. But despite this reduction of form and gesture, the artist retained a highly cultivated painting ductus, manifested in balanced colour harmonies, measured decorativeness, and a dynamic relationship between the filling elements. Nina’s geometry, however, is not a consequence of the reduction of natural forms or an embodiment of mathematical and gestalt laws. There is no physics or metaphysics hidden behind the optically activated and attractive surface, and even less ontology or a utopian project. It is a postmodern reference to the legacy of geometric abstraction. Viewed in the context of citation and simulation strategies of postmodernism, Nina’s paintings from the 1980s are a sort of dialogue with the ultimate modernist categories. By adopting, paraphrasing, and simulating the stylistic features of expressionist or geometric art, she reduced the key topoi of high modernism to rhetorical figures, i.e. to culturally mediated conventions.
During her stay in New York, Nina introduced the ship motif in her paintings, which ten years later would be joined by the airplane motif. In parallel, she experimented with different media, producing photocopied collages with clippings from books and magazines, ship-objects cut out of Forex, and drawings of ships and airplanes in pencil and charcoal. In her paintings and drawings of airplanes and ships, the artist did not make reference to the actual object, but rather to its conceptualized representation. She adopted a mode of presentation that was characteristic of the technical display of products in specialized magazines. Due to the need to describe the objects as detailed as possible, she suspended the traditional conventions of depiction, allowing the observer to see what usually remained inaccessible to naked eye, which further highlighted the artificial nature of the image. Whether it is the mimetic illusionism of a realistic painting or the engineering realism of a technical drawing, Nina always builds the picture according to the rules of certain representational models. Thus, she returns the object to the painting in order to affirm the latter’s objective character. In other words, the painting as an artefact is not defined by external references, but by its own material order: the flat surface of a specific substrate, the material trace of the used medium, the format and the frame, which is a borderline against some other reality and simultaneously a constitutive factor of the body of the painting. And yet, this minimalist artistic expression and emphasis on the physical dimension of the medium by no means implies giving up on the aesthetic requirements, which despite all sorts of reduction, or precisely because of it, come even stronger to the fore.
Nina’s entire oeuvre points to an artist very well acquainted with the criticism and revision of the principle of high modernism. Despite the fact that, in her own way, she has accepted contributions to the theory and practice of conceptual and analytical art, and regardless of the current environment in which painting no longer has a privileged position, as it has been overruled by technically produced, electronically generated, and mediated images, for Nina the painting has remained an elite aesthetic and artistic object that embodies the idea of painting as a discipline that implies specific skills.
Božo Majstorović
Nina Ivančić (b. 1953 in Zagreb) graduated painting from the Academy of Fine Arts in Zagreb in 1977, in the class of Prof Šime Perić. In 1979, she completed the Master Painting Workshop in Zagreb, with Prof Ljubo Ivančić and Prof Nikola Reiser. In 1987, she received a Fulbright scholarship for the MFA Program in Painting at the Columbia University, New York. From 1986 to 1993, she lived and worked in New York. Since 1999, she has been teaching painting at the Art Academy in Split. She has presented her work at more than thirty solo and numerous group exhibitions at home and abroad, including the Youth Biennale in Paris (1982) and the Venice Biennale (1986, 1995). Her works are included in various private and public collections. She has received a number of awards, among others the Binney and Smith Inc. Fine Art Achievement Award (New York, 1987) and Vjesnik’s Josip Račić Fine Art Award (Zagreb, 2003).
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HOW ONLINE DEGREE PROGRAMS FACTOR INTO HIGHER ED’S FUTURE
by Kitty McConnell, Columbus CEO
The Internet has disrupted every sector, and higher education is no exception. Online programs are changing the way students earn degrees at brick-and-mortar colleges and universities. Many of central Ohio’s academic institutions are investing in online initiatives to stay competitive. As eLearning gains wider acceptance among students and administrators, academic institutions and faculty are wrestling with the hows and whys of integrating online courses into traditional college curriculums.
http://www.columbusceo.com/content/stories/2016/02/higher-elearning.html
MasterClass Raises $15 Million For Online Classes Taught By Celebrities
by Connie Loizos, Tech Crunch
MasterClass, a San Francisco-based online education platform that’s luring some of the most talented professionals in their respective fields to teach, has raised $15 million in Series B funding led by New Enterprise Associates. What investors are backing is certainly interesting. MasterClass, which charges $90 for each “MasterClass,” currently features five options, including five hours of acting class that are taught by Oscar winner Dustin Hoffman; two hours of advanced tennis techniques taught by tennis great Serena Williams; 22 lessons on writing taught by bestselling author James Patterson; and 16 video lessons by entertainer Usher on the art of performance.
http://techcrunch.com/2016/02/23/masterclass-raises-15-million-for-online-classes-taught-by-celebrities/
These Six EdTech Ventures Are Deploying Big Data To Improve Digital Business Education
by Seb Murray, Business Because
A Harvard Business School MBA is launching an edtech venture that will utilize big data analytics to improve students’ online learning. Ashwin Damera has teamed up with MIT Sloan School of Management, Columbia Business School, and Tuck School of Business to bring their world-leading content further into the digital realm. The Emeritus Institute of Management is the latest in a long line of start-ups biting into the rapidly growing online education market — expected to reach $107 billion last year, according to Docebo. Many are utilizing analytics to improve both teaching and learning. The crunching of data, along with a focus on virtual communication and teams, and on the skills needed for managing in the digital economy, are what sets the Emeritus Institute apart, Ashwin said.
http://www.businessbecause.com/news/mba-distance-learning/3800/edtech-improves-online-business-training
8 MOOCs for Better Technology-Enhanced Teaching
These free courses will help update your skills with blended, OER, Universal Design and more. Let 2016 be the year you revamp your understanding of technology-enhanced teaching or add a new skill for helping students learn. We’ve culled through hundreds of massive open online courses (MOOCs) that are starting in or after February 2016 to identify seven free courses for fine-tuning the instructional practices in your classrooms.
https://campustechnology.com/articles/2016/02/10/8-moocs-for-better-technology-enhanced-teaching.aspx
Video Chat Your Way Into College: How Tech Is Changing The Admissions Process
by Anya Kamenetz, NPR
Two new companies, Kira Academic and YouVisit, market novel applications of technology to colleges that want to find the best overseas students and vice versa. Kira Academic is a video-based real time admissions platform that works like a virtual interviewing tool. The company saw the potential market in higher education, and it now works with 140 universities around the world. Kira works with colleges to come up with a specific battery of questions. YouVisit produces video-based virtual reality “tours” of hotels, travel destinations and colleges, including Harvard and Yale. Shot in high-definition video, the VR tours give students the opportunity to explore a campus while feeling as if they’re really there.
http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/02/10/465583808/video-chat-your-way-into-college-how-tech-is-changing-the-admissions-process
The major momentum behind micro-credentials
BY JENNIFER KABAKER, eSchool News
Over the past two years, Digital Promise has been building an ecosystem of micro-credentials to provide competency-based recognition for the skills educators develop throughout their careers in both formal and informal contexts. Supported by the Open Badge Standard (developed by Mozilla) and digital badging technology, these micro-credentials provide educators with concrete validation of their learning that can be used as a type of currency in professional learning. To earn a micro-credential, an educator can select either a single micro-credential or a stack that is aligned with his or her interests or students’ needs, collect the required evidence to demonstrate competency, and submit it online for assessment. An assessor will download the video, and evaluate it through the publicly available rubric.
http://www.eschoolnews.com/2016/02/16/the-major-momentum-behind-micro-credentials/
What does research really say about iPads in the classroom?
by Jeanne Carey Ingle and Tanya Moorehead, eSchoolNews
So for the past year and a half, we’ve both been working with teachers and university students integrating iPad technology into the classroom in a controlled way. While doing this, we came across several outcomes that made us question and dig deeper into what the research actually says about using them in the classroom. Do students and younger teachers use them more effectively? Do they work better for some student populations? It’s probably not giving much away to say that the most important learning outcome we found was that experience is the greatest teacher.
http://www.eschoolnews.com/2016/02/15/what-does-research-really-say-about-ipads-in-the-classroom/
Coursera Adds Mentors, Project-Based Courses to Online Offerings
Coursera began offering mentors for 10 of its courses, Class Central reports. For $248, students can receive 1:1 feedback, email and forum support, and live weekly “office hours” with mentors—professionals from industries relevant to each course. While companies including Udacity and General Assembly have offered mentor-guided courses for years, the space is mostly new for Coursera, whose other guided-course initiative (a peer-to-peer tutoring pilot in 2014) was short-lived.
https://www.edsurge.com/news/2016-02-19-coursera-adds-mentors-project-based-courses-to-online-offerings
How to Make the Most of Online Learning
by Demetra Katsifli, CMI
CMI chief executive Ann Francke said: “Many employers need to rethink how they go about helping their managers learn new skills. Just dumping textbooks onto smartphones is a dumb way to upskill managers. Managers want personalised bite-size content, to share knowledge and learn from connected peer networks, to ask questions and get feedback in real time. Why? Because it’s now part of how we work and live.” Today, online distance learning is no longer a poor cousin of the classroom. In fact, recent research has shown that people taking online courses are developing additional skills ¬– such as discipline, focus, accountability and troubleshooting – precisely because this method of learning requires them to be more organised and manage their own educational experience. A key feature of online distance learning is that the students are at the centre of the learning process and they have to take a more proactive role.
http://www.managers.org.uk/insights/news/2016/february/how-to-make-the-most-of-online-learning
3D Technologies Add Another Dimension to Learning
By Dennis Pierce, THE Journal
In Scott Nichols’ Principles of Engineering course at Pikesville High School in Maryland, students had a creative idea that could help people in developing countries receive better medical care. Through research, the students discovered that people who suffer trauma might not get the attention they need because of a lack of doctors. They realized that if they could create a three-dimensional template for a generic arm cast, they could alter the file based on an individual patient’s arm measurements. With a small investment, developing countries’ medical facilities could buy a 3D printer that would cost much less than having a doctor on staff — and they could print a customized cast based on the patient’s measurements. Using a new 3D scanning and modeling tool from HP, called Sprout, the students used three-dimensional scans of their arms to create a model cast file that could be altered based on the measurements of a patient’s arm and then sent to a 3D printer for creation.
https://thejournal.com/articles/2016/02/17/3d-technologies-add-another-dimension-to-learning.aspx
Thousands of Refugees to Receive College Credit Online through edX Partnership with Kiron
by edX
As part of a joint effort to improve the lives of thousands of newly arrived Syrian and other refugees in Europe, edX today announced a partnership with Kiron that offers a pathway to earn free college credit. The collaboration, which begins April 2016, will provide online learning opportunities for thousands of current and new Kiron students who seek better lives after escaping Syria and other war-torn countries. Kiron, whose mission is to enable access to free higher education for refugees, independent of national and/or personal and financial situations, will integrate 300 edX courses into its learning platform. EdX will issue free verified certificates for specific courses, translating to college credit with Kiron’s university campus partners. The full slate of offerings will include introductory as well as university-level specialty courses.
http://news.sys-con.com/node/3684967
Columbia creates new administrative position for online education, expands online programming
BY JESSICA SPITZ, Columbia Spectator
Sandesh Tuladhar will work to centralize efforts to incorporate online education across the University as the new director of online education. Various forms of online education have been present at Columbia for years, including massive open online courses, certification programs, and “flipped” classrooms, which incorporate online resources into a course’s curriculum. However, with the recent creation of a new position for a Director of Online Education and the opening of the Center for Teaching and Learning, Columbia looks to expand the scale of online educational programming even further.
http://columbiaspectator.com/news/2016/02/18/university-hires-first-director-online-education-online-education-efforts-rapidly
Online textbooks add content, save money: Schools adapting to newer technology
By Ron Bridgeman, Gainsville Times
Teachers at the school have collaborated using Google Classroom to create course materials. Textbooks are disappearing in the Hall County schools — and saving the system more than $1 million a year. But county teachers also use technology to “crowd source” and develop curriculum that can go beyond a text. Textbooks are disappearing in the Hall County schools — and saving the system more than $1 million a year. But county teachers also use technology to “crowd source” and develop curriculum that can go beyond a text. Hall County has not purchased a full “core” subject of textbooks in about six years, Kevin Bales, director of middle and secondary education, said. Such a purchase would be $2 million to $3 million, he said. Hall County has $700,000 budgeted for the current fiscal year, Bales said. Aaron Turpin, Hall County technology executive director, said teachers make suggestions and provide copies of course materials that can be used by others in the field. That material could have a lot of sources, he said — “you can’t do this with a text.” “With digital textbooks and digital resources, students often have the advantage of thousands and thousands of pages of information on a specific topic, whereas hardback textbooks are much more limited,” Bales explained.
http://www.gainesvilletimes.com/section/6/article/115230/
Students compare online, on-campus classes
by Sophia Oswald, WASHBURN REVIEW
Whether or not you prefer online courses or taking a class in person depends on who you are and how you learn. There are many advantages to both types and the preference really depends on each individual student. When students decide to learn in the classroom, they are able to learn face-to-face and can ask questions as soon as they get stumped. These can be difficult for some people because you have to be on campus and are responsible for being there at a certain time. When students decide to enroll in an online course, they aren’t required to be in a class at a certain time and they don’t have to commute to be there. This type of course can help people who work a lot and have tight schedules.
http://www.washburnreview.org/opinion/students-compare-online-on-campus-classes/article_e01c0d60-cec1-11e5-ba95-f391fa677f4c.html
Hack Club!
By Greg Thompson, THE Journal
High school students have started taking charge of their own computer science education. One of them, Zach Latta, an 18-year-old who was named to Forbes’ “30 Under 30” list for 2016, has helped to create a network of coding groups (“Hack Clubs”) that have spread to 12 states and six countries so far. The purpose: to get kids coding regardless of background or prior technical knowledge. While the familiar “maker movement” tends to focus on manipulating three-dimensional objects, the burgeoning “hack culture” is making its mark primarily in 2D. Also known as “coding,” the act of “hacking” is merely solving a problem through the use of any and all computer programming languages.
https://thejournal.com/articles/2016/02/18/hack-club.aspx
Higher ed ‘revolution’ hard to predict, but on the way
While it’s hard to say when higher education will be on the other side of a major shift and what, exactly, it will look like then, Richard DeMillo, Georgia Tech computing professor and author of “Revolution in Higher Education: How a Small Band of Innovators Will Make College Accessible and Affordable,” believes the ‘revolution’ is inevitable. Campus Technology reports that DeMillo sees a major shift toward online programming and digital technology to better serve students at colleges and universities across the country, both the well-known and more obscure. A reimagined Physics 101 course at Georgia Tech replaced overcrowded labs with videos, made by students who go out into the world to conduct experiments and then report back, creating an entirely new experience for students — not simply an online version that doesn’t have space limitations.
http://www.educationdive.com/news/higher-ed-revolution-hard-to-predict-but-on-the-way/414114/
Collecting the right data isn’t enough — colleges must know how to use it
Data collection around student performance has exploded in recent years, and many schools have figured out how to use the data to improve retention rates, make advising more efficient, strengthen classroom pedagogy, and offer the right services to meet student needs. But still, Jeff Ralyea, senior vice president of product management at Ellucian, sees that many campuses are lost. “What we have found is that the schools, even if they have the data, they just don’t know where to start in terms of using the data,” Ralyea said. Ellucian has been working on a set of guided analytics solutions that use heuristics to “teach” the program to anticipate desired analyses based on prior searches and user profiles. The higher education software and services company sees a strong desire for data-driven decision-making among its client institutions. This software makes it possible for a wider range of people to interpret the data in ways that can be meaningful for the organization.
http://www.educationdive.com/news/collecting-the-right-data-isnt-enough-colleges-must-know-how-to-use-it/414040/
Explore the Pros, Cons of Gamification in Online Education
To keep students engaged, some faculty incorporate game-design elements into online classes. For gamification to be effective, students need to view it as a serious form of learning, experts say. In his online course on ethical decision-making, Greg Andres, a philosophy lecturer at the University of Waterloo in Canada, has students compete for the top spot on the class’ leader board. As they answer questions about how they would respond to various ethical dilemmas, they receive a certain number of points depending on how Andres views their responses in a given context. The goal is “to make course concepts concrete – here’s how it actually plays out in real life,” Andres says. Andres’ class is an example of gamification, a term that generally refers to the implementation of different game-design elements – such as competition or the earning of points or badges – into various settings.
http://www.usnews.com/education/online-education/articles/2016-02-17/explore-the-pros-cons-of-gamification-in-online-education
Teaching and Learning and IT Issues: Exploring the Intersections
by Veronica Diaz and Malcolm Brown, EDUCAUSE Review
Optimizing Educational Technology, #2 on the EDUCAUSE Top 10 IT Issues list, closely aligns with several of the ELI Key Issues. Faculty development (ELI Key Issue #1) is about improving practice and enabling faculty members to support learning with the effective use of technology. Academic transformation (ELI Key Issue #2) is about using information technology creatively to support new teaching and learning models. Learning analytics (ELI Key Issue #5) refers to studying data about learners and their contexts in order to understand and optimize learning and the environments where it occurs. Finally, working with emerging technology (ELI Key Issue #3) is about having an ongoing awareness of innovations, developing an effective process by which to discover them, utilizing pilots, and considering full-scale implementation.
http://er.educause.edu/articles/2016/1/teaching-and-learning-and-it-issues-exploring-the-intersections
Finding Our Voice: Instructional Designers in Higher Education
by Sandra L. Miller and Gayle K. Stein, EDUCAUSE Review
A New Jersey workshop on instructional design gave attendees the opportunity to learn about instructional designers’ roles at different institutions and brainstorm good ideas, tips and tricks, important contributions to the field, and how to overcome shared challenges. Instructional technologists and video production coordinators also are involved in the instructional design process, helping faculty learn how to use instructional tools. A major challenge for instructional designers is faculty resistance to new pedagogies and deliveries — not just to hybrid and online courses. Institutional acknowledgement of skill acquisition in their professional development can lead faculty to place a higher value on technology integration in teaching and learning.
http://er.educause.edu/articles/2016/2/finding-our-voice-instructional-designers-in-higher-education
HUD’s Castro Looks to Tech Sector to Connect 275,000 Poor Families to Broadband
By John K. Waters, THE Journal
More than half of all low-income families in this country are not currently connected to the Internet, according to Julián Castro, Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. The ConnectHome initiative is building on the existing ConnectED project to change that statistic and ensure that the Internet “follows young people home.” It is widely understood among K-12 educators and administrators that students need high-speed broadband access to the Internet, both at school and at home, to take full advantage of the online learning resources that have become a fundamental part of the 21st century classroom. But it’s also dawning on a growing number of employers that broadband access in the home might be as essential as school access to the development of a tech-savvy workforce.
https://thejournal.com/articles/2016/01/28/huds-julian-castro-looks-to-tech-sector-to-connect-275000-low-income-homes-to-broadband.aspx
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Cecil John Rhodes, South African financier and statesman: b: Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England, 5 July 1853; d: Cape Town 26 March 1902. He was educated at the grammar school of his native town, but before he could pass on to the university, a serious affection of the lungs necessitated his departure for Natal, where an elder brother of his was engaged in cotton-raising. Rhodes landed in South Africa in 1870 and after a brief experience in farming made his way to the diamond fields of Kimberley, where he met with speedy and astonishing success. At 19 he was a millionaire and, with his health well recovered in the salubrious air of the veldt, he planned to return to England to resume his interrupted education. Before leaving South Africa he traveled for eight months, by ox-cart and on foot through the region north of the Orange and the Vaal, and his imagination, which even at that early age worked in vast spaces, saw in the fertile, 'hinly populated country, virgin soil for the building up of an imperial Britain in the Dark Continent. He matriculated at Baliol College, Oxford, in 1873, but his ailment returned and he was compelled to leave England in the same year. Three years in South Africa made him robust again and from 1876 on he kept his terms at the university, spending the long vacation in South Africa, and taking his B.A. and M.A. in 1881. In the same year Rhodes entered the Cape Parliament as member for Barkly West. By this time his plans for the future had assumed a definite character. Convinced, at all times, of the supreme fitness of the English race for the task of governing the world, Rhodes made it his object in life to further the .realization of that end in his own especial sphere of South Africa. To aid him in his schemes he looked to money, in whose power he had a tremendous faith, and it is because of the close connection in him of the selfish money-getting instinct and the broad ambition of the statesman that Rhodes remained for many years an enigma to the world. In the Cape Parliament Rhodes devoted himself to the task of establishing harmonious relations between the English inhabitants and the Dutch, for with true insight he recognized that if British influence was to dominate South Africa it must be conditioned by the good-will of the people of Dutch blood. The . first step in his scheme of imperial expansion " was the acquisition of Bechuanaland as a British protectorate in 1884. For this he labored against the indifference of the home government, which he finally stirred to action by his insistence upon the necessity of securing Bechuaualand as an outlet for the British trade to the north, already threatened by the encroachments of the Transvaal from the east and Germany from the west.
The annexation of Bechuanaland was a victory for Rhodes over Kruger, the astute president of the Transvaal, but the struggle between the two did not end there. When Boer commanders began to cross the Limpopo River, the northern boundary of the Transvaal, about 1887, Rhodes, to cut off their advance in that direction, obtained from Lobengula, king of the Matabele who were masters of the country between the Limpopo and the Zambesi, the exclusive right to search for minerals within his territories, and in 1889 the British South Africa Company was incorporated with almost absolute political and territorial powers over a vast, indefinite tract north of the Limpopo. In 1890 settlers were brought into the country and founded Fort Salisbury in Mashonaland, and at the same time the construction of a railway was begun which, running entirely through British territory, was to connect the new settlements with the Cape. Reading his title to Rhodesia, as the country was soon called, in liberal terms Rhodes (after 1893) extended the operations of the company north of the Zambesi as far as to the southern end of Lake Tanganyika, and though his dream of an "all red" map of Africa had been dissipated by the convention of 1889 with Germany, which allowed that country to stretch a barrier across the continent to the Kongo State, he did not abandon his scheme of a transcontinental telegraph line from north to south and a railway "from Cape to Cairo." Upon his political projects Rhodes spent vast amounts of money, partly his own, partly the funds of the De Beers Consolidated Mines, a corporation formed by him in 1888 and controlling the entire diamond output of the famous Kimberley mines. Of this company he was managing director.
In 1800 Rhodes became premier of Cape Colony. During his six years of office he gave special attention to his old policy of amalgamation between Dutch and British; he succeeded in winning the confidence of the former by his strong advocacy of full local government for Cape Colony, which he considered quite consistent with, and indeed, essential for, the scheme of imperial federation. It is this belief in a federal union of locally autonomous commonwealths that explains his gift of fio.ooo to the funds of the Irish Home Rule party in 1888. In his treatment of the native races of Cape Colony Rhodes maintained the impossibility of granting them equal rights with the white population, but at the same time held it necessary to protect them by law against the temptations of civilization and exploitation by the whites. In Rhodesia a formidable outbreak of the Matabele in 1893 ended, after a bitter conflict, in their utter defeat and the absorption of their territory by the Chartered Company. Successful . everywhere, however, Rhodes was destined to fall before his old opponent, Kruger, of the Transvaal. The Jameson raid in 1895 destroyed Rhodes' personal power, although subsequent events fully vindicated his policy. Though the full truth of the Jameson affair may not perhaps be known, it is established that Rhodes, who was a large holder of mines in the Rand, plotted with other leaders of the Uitlanders in Johannesburg for the subversion of the Transvaal government; that a revolution was prepared in Johannesburg, and that Rhodes stationed Captain Jameson with several hundred men of the Rhodesian mounted police on the western border of the Transvaal to cooperate when necessary with the leaders in the mining town; and though it is also established that Jameson invaded the Transvaal without Rhodes' orders, the evil results of that unhappy affair may not unjustly be reckoned up against the premier of Cape Colony who abused the powers of his office to plot the downfall of a nation (see Jameson, Leander Starr). A committee of the House of Commons acquitted Rhodes of responsibility for the raid, but censured his conduct as minister and director of the Chartered Company. Rhodes resigned the premiership on the last day of 1895 and thenceforth devoted himself to the interests of Rhodesia. A second war with the Matabele in 1896 was terminated by Rhodes' intrepid courage; the building of the trans-continental railway was rapidly pushed forward, and in connection with this undertaking Rhodes visited Europe in 1898-1900, carrying on negotiations with Mr. Chamberlain, the colonial secretary, and with the German emperor. During the Boer war, in its outcome the triumph and realization of his policy, Rhodes was besieged in Kimberley and took part in its defense. His health, however, gave way, and in spite of a trip to Egypt, his old disease finally conquered. In his lifetime Rhodes was the subject of infinite execration, as well as unlimited applause. Looked upon by different men as a statesman or a land grabber, a builder of empires or an unscrupulous speculator, he was all of these and more; and the anomaly of his character may, perhaps, be best explained if he be regarded as a man of great aims who let nothing stand in the way of their achievement Rhodes left the bulk of his great fortune for the establishment of a large number of scholarships at Oxford University to be apportioned as follows: Rhodesia, 9; Cape Colony, 12; Natal, 3; Australia, 18; New Zealand, 3; Canada, 6; Newfoundland, 3; Bermuda, 3; United States, 2 for each State and territory; Germany, 15. All but the German scholarships have an annual value of �300, and all but the last were intended to bring about that complete unity of the English speaking race whose destiny it is, Rhodes believed, ultimately to rule the world. Consult "Vindex," 'Political Life and Speeches of Cecil Rhodes' (1900) ; "Imperialist," "Cecil Rhodes: a Biography and Appreciation5 (1897) ; Hensman, 'Life of Cecil Rhodes' (1902).
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Short title and commencement.-
(1) These rules may be called the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017.
(2) They shall be deemed to have come into force on the 22nd day of June, 2017.
2. Application of Central Goods and Services Tax Rules.- The Central Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017, for carrying out the provisions specified in section 20 of the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 shall, so far as may be, apply in relation to integrated tax as they apply in relation to central tax.
3. The proportion of value attributable to different States or Union territories, in the case of supply of advertisement services to the Central Government, a State Government, a statutory body or a local authority, under sub section (14) of section 12 of the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017, in the absence of any contract between the supplier of service and recipient of services, shall be determined in the following manner namely:-
a .In the case of newspapers and publications, the amount payable for publishing an advertisement in all the editions of a newspaper or publication, which are published in a State or Union territory, as the case may be, is the value of advertisement service attributable to the dissemination in such State or Union territory.
Illustration: ABC is a government agency which deals with the all the advertisement and publicity of the Government. It has various wings dealing with various types of publicity. In furtherance thereof, it issues release orders to various agencies and entities. These agencies and entities thereafter provide the service and then issue invoices to ABC indicating the amount to be paid by them. ABC issues a release order to a newspaper for an advertisement on ‘Beti bachao beti padhao’, to be published in the newspaper DEF (whose head office is in Delhi) for the editions of Delhi, Pune, Mumbai, Lucknow and Jaipur. The release order will have details of the newspaper like the periodicity, language, size of the advertisement and the amount to be paid to such a newspaper. The place of supply of this service shall be in the Union territory of Delhi, and the States of Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. The amounts payable to the Pune and Mumbai editions would constitute the proportion of value for the state of Maharashtra which is attributable to the dissemination in Maharashtra. Likewise the amount payable to the Delhi, Lucknow and Jaipur editions would constitute the proportion of value attributable to the dissemination in the Union territory of Delhi and States of Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan respectively. DEF should issue separate State wise and Union territory wise invoices based on the editions.
b. in the case of printed material like pamphlets, leaflets, diaries, calendars, T shirts etc, the amount payable for the distribution of a specific number of such material in a particular State or Union territory is the value of advertisement service attributable to the dissemination in such State or Union territory, as the case may be.
Illustration: As a part of the campaign ‘Swachh Bharat’, ABC has engaged a company GH for printing of one lakh pamphlets( at a total cost of one lakh rupees) to be distributed in the states of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. In such a case, ABC should ascertain the breakup of the pamphlets to be distributed in each of the three States i.e. Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan, from the Ministry or department concerned at the time of giving the print order. Let us assume that this breakup is twenty thousand, fifty thousand and thirty thousand respectively. This breakup should be indicated in the print order. The place of supply of this service is in Haryana , Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. The ratio of this breakup i.e 2:5:3 will form the basis of value attributable to the dissemination in each of the three States.Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise by GH to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State i.etwenty thousand rupees- Haryana, fifty thousand rupees- Uttar Pradesh and thirty thousand rupees-Rajasthan.
(i) in the case of hoardings other than those on trains , the amount payable for the hoardings located in each State or Union territory, as the case may be, is the value of advertisement service attributable to the dissemination in each such State or Union territory, as the case may be.
Illustration: ABC as part of the campaign ‘Saakshar Bharat’ has engaged a firm IJ for putting up hoardings near the Airports in the four metros i.e. Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata . The release order issued by ABC to IJ will have the citywise, locationwise breakup of the amount payable for such hoardings. The place of supply of this service is in the Union territory of Delhi and the States of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. In such a case, the amount actually paid to IJ for the hoardings in each of the four metros will constitute the value attributable to the dissemination in theUnion territory of Delhi and the States of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal respectively. Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise and Union territory wise by IJ to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State or Union territory.
(ii). in the case of advertisements placed on trains, the breakup, calculated on the basis of the ratio of the length of the railway track in each State for that train, of the amount payable for such advertisements is the value of advertisement service attributable to the dissemination in such State or Union territory, as the case may be.
Illustration: ABC places an order on KL for advertisements to be placed on a train with regard to the “Janani Suraksha Yojana”. The length of a track in a state will vary from train to train. Thus for advertisements to be placed on the Hazrat Nizamuddin Vasco Da Gama Goa Express which runs through Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Goa, KL may ascertain the total length of the track from Hazrat Nizamuddin to Vasco Da Gama as well as the length of the track in each of these States and Union territory from the website www.indianrail.gov.in. The place of supply of this service is in the Union territory of Delhi and States of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Goa. The value of the supply in each of these States and Union territory attributable to the dissemination in these States will be in the ratio of the length of the track in each of these States and Union territory. If this ratio works out to say 0.5:0.5: 2:2 :3:3:1 , and the amount to be paid to KL is one lakh twenty thousand rupees, then KL will have to calculate the Statewise and Union territory wise breakup of the value of the service, which will be in the ratio of the length of the track in each State and Union territory. In the given example the Statewise and Union territory wise breakup works out to Delhi (five thousand rupees), Haryana( five thousand rupees), Uttar Pradesh (twenty thousand rupees), Madhya Pradesh (twenty thousand rupees), Maharashtra (thirty thousand rupees), Karnataka (thirty thousand rupees) and Goa (ten thousand rupees). Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise and Union territory wise by KL to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State or Union territory.
d (i) in the case of advertisements on the back of utility bills of oil and gas companies etc, the amount payable for the advertisements on bills pertaining to consumers having billing addresses in such States or Union territory as the case may be, is the value of advertisement service attributable to dissemination in such State or Union territory.
(ii) in the case of advertisements on railway tickets, the breakup, calculated on the basis of the ratio of the number of Railway Stations in each State or Union territory, when applied to the amount payable for such advertisements, shall constitute the value of advertisement service attributable to the dissemination in such State or Union territory, as the case may be.
Illustration: ABC has issued a release order to MN for display of advertisements relating to the “Ujjwala” scheme on the railway tickets that are sold from all the Stations in the States of Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh. The place of supply of this service is in Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh. The value of advertisement service attributable to these two States will be in the ratio of the number of railway stations in each State as ascertained from the Railways or from the website www.indianrail.gov.in Let us assume that this ratio is 713:251 and the total bill is rupees nine thousand six hundred and forty. The breakup of the amount between Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh in this ratio of 713:251 works out to seven thousand one hundred and thirty rupees and two thousand five hundred and ten rupees respectively. Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise by MN to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State .
e. in the case of advertisements over radio stations the amount payable to such radio station, which by virtue of its name is part of a State or Union territory, as the case may be, is the value of advertisement service attributable to dissemination in such State or Union territory, as the case may be.
Illustration: For an advertisement on ‘Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana’, to be broadcast on a FM radio station OP, for the radio stations of OP Kolkata, OP Bhubaneswar, OP Patna, OP Ranchi and OP Delhi, the release order issued by ABC will show the breakup of the amount which is to be paid to each of these radio stations. The place of supply of this service is in West Bengal, Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand and Delhi. The place of supply of OP Delhi is in Delhi even though the studio may be physically located in another state. Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise and Union territory wise by MN to ABC based on the value pertaining to each State or Union territory.
f. in the case of advertisement on television channels, the amount attributable to the value of advertisement service disseminated in a State shall be calculated on the basis of the viewership of such channel in such State, which in turn, shall be calculated in the following manner, namely:-
(i) the channel viewership figures for that channel for a State or Union territory shall be taken from the figures published in this regard by the Broadcast Audience Research Council;
(ii) the figures published for the last week of a given quarter shall be used for calculating viewership for the succeeding quarter and at the beginning, the figures for the quarter 1 July, 2017 to 30th September, 2017 shall be used for the succeeding quarter 1st October, 2017 to 31st December, 2017;
(ii) where such channel viewership figures relate to a region comprising of more than one State or Union territory, the viewership figures for a State or Union territory of that region, shall be calculated by applying the ratio of the populations of that State or Union territory, as determined in the latest Census, to such viewership figures;
(iv) the ratio of the viewership figures for each State or Union territory as so calculated, when applied to the amount payable for that service, shall represent the portion of the value attributable to the dissemination in that State or Union territory.
Illustration:ABC issues a release order with QR channel for telecasting an advertisement relating to the “Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana” in the month of November, 2017. In the first phase, this will be telecast in the Union territory of Delhi, States of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar and Jharkhand. The place of supply of this service is in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar and Jharkhand. In order to calculate the value of supply attributable to Delhi , Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar and Jharkhand, QR has to proceed as under—
I. QR will ascertain the viewership figures for their channel in the last week of September 2017 from the Broadcast Audience Research Council. Let us assume it is one lakh for Delhi and two lakhs for the region comprising of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand and one lakh for the region comprising of Bihar and Jharkhand;
II. since the Broadcast Audience Research Council clubs Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand into one region and Bihar and Jharkhand into another region, QR will ascertain the population figures for Uttar Pradesh , Uttarakhand , Bihar and Jharkhand from the latest census;
III. by applying the ratio of the populations of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, as so ascertained, to the Broadcast Audience Research Council viewership figures for their channel for this region, the viewership figures for Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand and consequently the ratio of these viewership figures can be calculated. Let us assume that the ratio of the populations of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand works out to 9: 1. When this ratio is applied to the viewership figures of two lakhs for this region, the viewership figures for Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand work out to one lakh eighty thousand and twenty thousand respectively;
IV. in a similar manner the breakup of the viewership figures for Bihar and Jharkhand can be calculated. Let us assume that the ratio of populations is 4:1 and when this is applied to the viewership figure of one lakh for this region, the viewership figure for Bihar and Jharkhand works out to eighty thousand and twenty thousand respectively;
V. the viewership figure for each State works out to Delhi (one lakh), Uttar Pradesh (one lakh eighty thousand), Uttarakhand (twenty thousand), Bihar (eighty thousand) and Jharkhand (twenty thousand). The ratio is thus 10:18:2:8:2 or 5:9:1:4:1(simplification).
VI .this ratio has to be applied when indicating the breakup of the amount pertaining to each State. Thus if the total amount payable to QR by ABC is twenty lakh rupees, the State wise breakup is five lakh rupees(Delhi), nine lakh rupees (Uttar Pradesh) one lakh rupees (Uttarakhand), four lakh rupees (Bihar) and one lakh rupees ( Jharkhand). Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise and Union territory wise by QR to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that Stateor Union territory.
g. in the case of advertisements at cinema halls the amount payable to a cinema hall or screens in a multiplex, in a State or Union territory, as the case may be, is the value of advertisement service attributable to dissemination in such State or Union territory, as the case may be.
Illustration: ABC commissions ST for an advertisement on ‘Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana’ to be displayed in the cinema halls in Chennai and Hyderabad. The place of supply of this service is in the states of Tamil Nadu and Telengana. The amount actually paid to the cinema hall or screens in a multiplex, in Tamil Nadu and Telangana as the case may be, is the value of advertisement service in Tamil Nadu and Telangana respectively. Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise and Union territory wise by ST to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State.
h. in the case of advertisements over internet, the amount attributable to the value of advertisement service disseminated in a State or Union territory shall be calculated on the basis of the internet subscribers in such State or Union territory, which in turn, shall be calculated in the following manner, namely:-
(i) the internet subscriber figures for a State shall be taken from the figures published in this regard by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
(ii) the figures published for the last quarter of a given financial year shall be used for calculating the number of internet subscribers for the succeeding financial year and at the beginning, the figures for the last quarter of financial year 2016- 2017 shall be used for the succeeding financial year 2017-2018;
(iii) where such internet subscriber figures relate to a region comprising of more than one State or Union territory, the subscriber figures for a State or Union territory of that region, shall be calculated by applying the ratio of the populations of that State or Union territory , as determined in the latest census, to such subscriber figures;
(iv) the ratio of the subscriber figures for each State or Union territory as so calculated, when applied to the amount payable for this service, shall represent the portion of the value attributable to the dissemination in that State or Union territory
Illustration: ABC issues a release order to WX for a campaign over internet regarding linking Aadhaar with one’s bank account and mobile number. WX runs this campaign over certain websites. In order to ascertain the statewise breakup of the value of this service which is to be reflected in the invoice issued by WX to ABC, WX has to first refer to the Telecom Regulatory
Authority of India figures for quarter ending March, 2017, as indicated on their website www.trai.gov.in These figures show the service area wise internet subscribers. There are twenty two service areas. Some relate to individual States some to two or more States and some to part of one State and another complete State. Some of these areas are metropolitan areas. In order to calculate the State wise breakup, first the State wise breakup of the number of internet subscribers is arrived at. (In case figures of internet subscribers of one or more States are clubbed, the subscribers in each State is to be arrived at by applying the ratio of the respective populations of these States as per the latest census.). Once the actual number of subscribers for each State has been determined, the second step for WX involves calculating the State wise ratio of internet subscribers. Let us assume that this works out to 8: 1 : 2… and so on for Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam….. and so on. The third step for WX will be to apply these ratios to the total amount payable to WX so as to arrive at the value attributable to each State. Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise and Union territory wise by WX to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State or Union territory.
i. in the case of advertisements through short messaging service the amount attributable to the value of advertisement service disseminated in a State or Union territory shall be calculated on the basis of the telecommunication( herein after referred to as telecom) subscribers in such State or Union territory , which in turn, shall be calculated in the following manner, namely:-
a. the number of telecom subscribers in a telecom circle shall be ascertained from the figures published by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India on its website www.trai.gov.in
b. the figures published for a given quarter, shall be used for calculating subscribers for the succeeding quarter and at the beginning , the figures for the quarter 1st July, 2017 to 30th September, 2017 shall be used for the succeeding quarter 1st October, 2017 to 31st December,2017
c. where such figures relate to a telecom circle comprising of more than one State, or Union territory, the subscriber figures for that State or Union territory shall be calculated by applying the ratio of the populations of that State or Union territory, as determined in the latest census, to such subscriber figures.
Illustration-1: In the case of the telecom circle of Assam, the amount attributed to the telecom circle of Assam is the value of advertisement service in Assam.
Illustration-2: The telecom circle of North East covers the States of Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Manipur and Tripura. The ratio of populations of each of these States in the latest census will have to be determined and this ratio applied to the total number of subscribers for this telecom circle so as to arrive at the State wise figures of telecom subscribers. Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise by the service provider to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State.
Illustration-3: ABC commissions UV to send short messaging service to voters asking them to exercise their franchise in elections to be held in Maharashtra and Goa. The place of supply of this service is in Maharashtra and Goa. The telecom circle of Maharashtra consists of the area of the State of Maharashtra (excluding the areas covered by Mumbai which forms another circle) and the State of Goa. When calculating the number of subscribers pertaining to Maharashtra and Goa, UV has to-
I. obtain the subscriber figures for Maharashtra circle and Mumbai circle and add them to obtain a combined figure of subscribers
II. obtain the figures of the population of Maharashtra and Goa from the latest census and derive the ratio of these two populations
III. this ratio will then have to be applied to the combined figure of subscribers so as to arrive at the separate figures of subscribers pertaining to Maharashtra and Goa
IV. the ratio of these subscribers when applied to the amount payable for the short messaging service in Maharashtra circle and Mumbai circle, will give breakup of the amount pertaining to Maharashtra and Goa. Separate invoices will have to be issued State wise by UV to ABC indicating the value pertaining to that State.
Illustration-4: The telecom circle of Andhra Pradesh consists of the areas of the States of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Yanam, an area of the Union territory of Puducherry. The subscribers attributable to Telangana and Yanam will have to be excluded when calculating the subscribers pertaining to Andhra Pradesh.
(d) the ratio of the subscriber figures for each State or Union territory as so calculated, when applied to the amount payable for that service, shall represent the portion of the value attributable to the dissemination in that State or Union territory.
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