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I am trying to find an appropriate driver for a USB WiFi adapter that is reported by lsusb as
0bda:a811 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
On WikiDevi it is described as "Realtek RTL8811AU Wireless 802.11ac 1x1 USB 2.0".
There are multiple repositories that seem to provide drivers for RTL8811AU, for example this one (it is ... |
This method is reliable, that is how the kernel (or udev and kmod) chooses a module to load: when a new device appears (including at boot time, when all devices are probed), it looks for a module with a modalias matching the device descriptor.
If modinfo lists an alias for a module which matches your device, then that... | How to check if a given driver kernel module supports a given device? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I read in Tanenbaum's book about operating systems that there are protection rings and ring 0 belongs to the kernel. Is it in general that one may say that "kernel modules handle the I/O and memory management of ring 0" or is "kernel module" specific for linux and not applicable for example for OpenBSD and MULTICS?
|
The ideas presented by Andrew Tanenbaum are usually not directly applicable to Linux (or any traditional monolithic Unix kernel). The answer to your question is much simpler than you are suggesting: a Linux kernel module is kernel code that has been compiled and linked into a separate file, instead of being linked int... | Are kernel modules specific for linux or a general mechanism? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I've been looking in my various Linux builds in those file:
/proc/config.gz
/boot/confi
/boot/config-$(uname -r)
And I'm noticing some major differences in number of active linux configs.
For example, in a default Debian image, I had:
Linux/x86 3.16.36 - 4462 kernel configurations set
In a Linode virtual machine, ... |
I'm surprised to see that there are 3000 more kernel configurations on the default Debian one.
That's normal. There are about 3000 different drivers available for real hardware that make zero sense for a VM (until you want PCI (or even USB) passthrough, at least).
Is there a known minimal kernel configuration templ... | Minimal kernel config repositories |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I've just installed a new Debian 8.4.0 on my ThinkPad T460P and now I need to config WIFI.
I've installed the intel driver with apt-get install firmware-iwlwifi but the kernel module won't load on startup only when calling modprobe iwlwifi it will be listed under lsmod.
ip a returns only the 'lo' and the 'eth0' but no... |
Skylake support, especially mobile Skylake, needs at least a 4.6 kernel. The default kernel in Debian 8.4 (and the associated firmware) is too old... You should try the updates available in the backports:
echo deb http://http.debian.net/debian jessie-backports main contrib non-free > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-bac... | No wifi-interface on ThinkPad T460P with debian |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I am trying to load the rtl8723ae kernel module on Arch Linux.
When I run
lsmod | grep rtl8723ae
...it doesn't show anything.
When I arch-chroot into the install from an Arch install USB,
it is showing the module as loaded; the same command returns the module.
If this module is supposed to come as standard with Arch,... |
You misunderstand what the command does. lsmod doesn't list all available modules, it only lists the modules that are currently loaded. For example, on my Arch:
$ lsmod | grep rtl8723ae ## returns nothing, the module isn't loaded
$ sudo modprobe rtl8723ae
$ lsmod | grep rtl8723ae
rtl8723ae 81920 0
btcoe... | lsmod not showing module unless using arch-chroot |
1,492,509,841,000 |
The following two commands output the same thing:
$ modinfo iwlwifi
filename: /lib/modules/3.16.0-34-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/iwlwifi.ko
....
$ modinfo /lib/modules/3.16.0-34-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/iwlwifi.ko
What is iwlwifi.ko used for? What does .ko mean?
Is its content... |
It's the module code itself. Module metadata is usually either stored inside the module .ko or within flat files underneath /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/. If you want to know more about the module you're looking at you can do a modinfo iwlwifi
| What are files *.ko used for? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm trying to intercept the clone system call so that I could print user ID and process ID before the actual system call executes. I am using get_user_id()->uid to access user ID in kernel module but it returns user ID in kuid_t type, which I can not cast to int. Is there any other way to do this?
I've read about us... |
That struct is defined in include/linux/uidgid.h. The only thing it contains is a val member of type uid_t, which is what the userspace getuid returns (an unsigned int on Linux, follow the headers by browsing via Linux Cross Reference for example).
Either access it directly from your kuid_t variable, or use __kuid_val... | User ID in kernel module [closed] |
1,492,509,841,000 |
Ok. Running a version of LDME with a kernel of 3.11-2-amd64 ( basically debian testing).
Suddenly with the installation of this particular kernel the module ppa.ko is gone. Further an apt-file search shows that this module does not exist.
Anyone know what is happening?
|
This was disabled in the 3.11 build of the debian package. From the package's changelog:
Disable parport drivers that are no longer likely to be useful:
block: Disable PARIDE
media: Disable VIDEO_BWQCAM, VIDEO_CQCAM, VIDEO_W9966
SCSI: Disable SCSI_IMM, SCSI_PPA
This means the the maintainer no longer felt that... | The curous incident of the missing ppa.ko in debian 3.11 kernel? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm installing a new server and I'm not able to figure out what module should I load to make its on-board network card work. Calling lspci prints:
Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Device 1521
I tried to google, but I couldn't find what module should I load?
|
My server has the same Ethernet controller as yours, Intel Corporation Device 1521. According to lsmod, the module is igb.
| What module for network card Intel Corporation Device 1521? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I've attempted to install drivers for an FPGA device, but require that I remove the usbserial module. This happens to be impossible because usbserial is a built-in module. It was suggested that I compile a new kernel to make usbserial dynamically loadable and unloadable.
I'm now trying to compile a custom kernel w/ Fe... |
Try using make nconfig or make menuconfig which presents you with interactive text UI. Both have search facility for both the kernel CONFIG_* options (those which are placed in .config which governs the build) and strings within the currently selected option menu. IMHO both of these TUIs are more usable than the GUI.
... | Compile Linux Kernel w/ Dynamically (Un)loadable usbserial Module |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I am porting the driver for a USB device to Rocky Linux 9.3. Once the module is inserted, new logins by ssh are unresponsive. Blacklisting the module and rebooting restores normal functionality.
https://github.com/izot/lon-driver
With the module inserted, lsmod|grep u50 "Used By" goes from 0 to 1 about every 7 secs... |
I didn't port this line properly and it failed to set the .num field in struct tty_ldisc_ops.
//FIXME err = tty_register_ldisc(N_U50, &u50_ldisc);
err = tty_register_ldisc(&u50_ldisc);
The other part of my question (breaking at module_init()) was solved by setting a breakpoint in rtnl_link_register().... | How can I break at module_init()? This loadable kernel module is preventing SSH logins |
1,492,509,841,000 |
So normaly during boot or when a device is hotplugged Linux loads kernel modules for hardware based on modaliases.
Is there a way to manually trigger this for a specific device or a general "rescan" for the whole system?
e.g. I have a pci device which had no matching driver during boot. Then I install a driver package... |
You can use udevadm trigger for this, on a specific device or the whole system.
| Rescan for matching kernel modules |
1,492,509,841,000 |
Somewhere along the line, the nested kvm kernel module became enabled by default. As hard as it may be to believe in this day and age, not everyone in the world had a need to run kvms on every host that gets built. Is there any performance cost to leaving this default enabled even if you have zero intention to deploy ... |
Or, is this just case of "if it ain't broke, don't fix it"?
I'd go with that :)
There's no cost to the module being there. There might be a cost to the CPU having the feature enabled (which, on some older x86_64 you could disable in the UEFI setup, not sure this is still the case on modern machines), namely that of ... | Is there any benefit in disabling kvm module on bare metal that won't ever run kvm guests? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
when I run efibootmgr command:
efibootmgr --create --disk /dev/sdb --part 1 --loader /EFI/syslinux/syslinux.efi --label "Syslinux" --unicode
I get this error:
EFI variables are not supported on this system.
when I try to load the module efivarfs, I get following error:
modprobe efivarfs
modprobe: ERROR: could not in... |
If you've booted in Legacy BIOS compatibility mode, the firmware cannot make UEFI runtime services available to the running OS, and so UEFI variables cannot be manipulated. In this situation, the Linux kernel will not present a /sys/firmware/efi/ directory at all, and so efivarfs cannot be mounted, as the kernel modul... | modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'efivarfs': No such device |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm trying to use the following code in the kernel module
struct timeval now;
gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
But getting following error while compiling kernel
drivers/media/i2c/ox05b.c:776:17: error: storage size of ‘now’ isn’t known
776 | struct timeval now;
| ^~~
|
The first rule of kernel development is that the C library isn’t available. In a kernel module, if you want to know the time, you should use the appropriate ktime accessor, for example
#include <linux/timekeeping.h>
…
ktime_t now = ktime_get_real();
| How to use gettimeofday in the kernel module? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I have the following Ethernet to USB-C adapter:
$ lsusb | grep Ethernet
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0b95:1790 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88179 Gigabit Ethernet
Currently it is not working when plugged into the USB-C port, in dmesg I get:
[23552.344134] ax88179_178a 2-1:2.1 eth1: Failed to read reg index 0x0000: -32
(Howeve... |
The axge driver you linked is for the FreeBSD version of Ubuntu.
The corresponding Linux driver seems to be named ax88179_178a. It should be included in the standard kernels of all modern distributions, as the copyright marking in the source code is from year 2013. Here it is in kernel version 4.9.318, the oldest kern... | Driver for AX88179 Gigabit Ethernet |
1,492,509,841,000 |
My current problem is that: on my Acer Nitro laptop keyboard, there is a Nitro key - which is a special key that no other laptop brand has. You see in the image below that there is a weird N key next to the backspace key - that's the Nitro key.
I want to develop an GUI application such that whenever the Nitro button ... |
I want to develop an GUI application such that whenever the Nitro button is pressed, my application shows up.
So you need to expose the Nitro button for example as a kernel input layer event. Then some userspace application can act on it and start your UI application.
Remember that Linux is multiuser, the system is ... | Start a graphical application from kernel module? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I am trying to make a Lenovo Thinkpad P52 work with an Lenovo USB-C Hybrid Dock (40AF, see docks to avoid ...) on Linux Mint 20.3 Una a.k.a. Ubuntu 20.04. What a ... journey ...
The laptop has its /home folder sitting on a ZFS file system (zpool). The operating system itself runs on btrfs. Graphics are switched to ded... |
ZFS pools are imported during boot via the zfs-import-cache.service service. This one failed in my case with result dependency.
Going through the dependencies, I found that systemd-udev-settle.service had failed beforehand, reporting Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE and Failed with result 'exit-code'... | Lenovo USB-C "hybrid" dock connected during boot: Boot hangs and zpool does not get loaded |
1,492,509,841,000 |
my goal is to make my kernel-headers to have the same version as my kernel and kernel-devel. Currently I have:
$ sudo yum install kernel-headers
Last metadata expiration check: 1:55:19 ago ...
Package kernel-headers-5.15.4-200.fc35.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
$ yum --s... |
According to an answer to a similar question, this package isn't released with every version.
Yum doesn't omit any packages here. I'd recommend just trying the devel, as recommended in the first linked forum.
| Cannot install any specifc version of `kernel-headers` on Fedora |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm configuring an external USB-to-SATA adapter in OpenWRT (Linux 4.14.221). The hub works only if I bind the device to the usb-storage module (preventing it to bind to usb-storage-uas).
To do that I added the following line to /etc/modules.d/usb-storage
usb-storage quirks=<VID>:<PID>:u
Where <VID> and <PID> are my d... |
This is an old question, but for anyone ending up here via Google, the correct syntax for multiple quirks is:
options usb-storage quirks=<VID1>:<PID1>:u,<VID2>:<PID2>:u,<VID3>:<PID3>:u
So basically just put a comma between each quirk.
| How to pass multiple instances of the same option to a kernel module via `/etc/module.d/<module>` config file? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I want to get a bluetooth-usb-stick running.
In the terminal, I enter sudo modprobe btusb,
but the output is: FATAL: Module btusb not found in directory /lib/modules/5.11.0-25-generic.
I am on a machine running ubuntu 20.04.
What might be the reasons for this module to be missing, and how can I add this module?
|
With the help of commenters I was able to fix this issue by reinstalling ( sudo apt install --reinstall <pkg>. I found the related package on ubuntu package-search.
After this I found that what removed the btusb was the install-script (the Makefile, to be precise) from the download-files provided by the manufacturer. ... | How do I fix a "module not found" error? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I am trying to build the ksmbd kernel module. I tried the tag version:
$ wget https://github.com/namjaejeon/ksmbd/archive/refs/tags/3.2.1.tar.gz
$ tar xvfz 3.2.1.tar.gz
$ cd ksmbd-3.2.1
$ make
[...]
CC [M] /tmp/ksmbd-3.2.1/transport_tcp.o
/tmp/ksmbd-3.2.1/transport_tcp.c: In function ‘create_socket’:
/tmp/ksmbd-3.2... |
On Fedora and RHEL, the ksmbd external module build works because the kernel-devel packages ship all the relevant tools, in particular asn1_compiler.
There is no equivalent package in Debian, so the only way to build ksmbd is to use the full kernel source, and the simple option is to build it in the kernel tree:
sudo ... | Building ksmbd on Debian Buster (+bpo) |
1,492,509,841,000 |
TL;DR:
The kernel module sht3x (https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/hwmon/sht3x.html) seems to be missing in a standard debian installation. I need it in order to read an external sensor. How can I install this kernel module?
The whole story
I try to connect an SHT31 temperature/humidity sensor to my Debian noteboo... |
I’m assuming you’re running Debian 10, but the instructions for later versions are similar. The module you’re after is supported by the kernel version used in Debian 10, but it is not enabled; let’s fix that.
Install the kernel source for the default version in your release:
sudo apt install linux-source
Extract it... | hwmon: add missing kernel module |
1,492,509,841,000 |
Consider the following kernel module source, which uses kprobes_register to get the address of a kernel symbol.
It works for symbols like flush_tlb_all, but not for sys_call_table.
A quick lookup using /proc/kallsyms:
sudo cat /proc/kallsyms | grep -E '\sflush_tlb_all$|\ssys_call_table$'
ffffffff86a83e20 T flush_tlb_a... |
The difference being (man nm) that flush_tlb_all is in the text section, where as sys_call_table is in the data section. However, both symbols are global (external).
This is exactly why register_kprobe fails on sys_call_table: it only allows probes in the kernel text. kprobe_register calls check_kprobe_address_safe ... | Why is `kprobes_register` (kprobes) able to retrieve symbol addresses for symbols like `flush_tlb_all`, but not `sys_call_table`? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
Background: I'm running Fedora 32 on a Thinkpad. Current kernel version is as follows:
Linux 5.8.4-200.fc32.x86_64 x86_64
Problem: It was working as expected for several months, but now when I run dnf update the following error is given:
Error:
Problem 1: package kernel-modules-extra-5.7.15-200.fc32.x86_64 requires ... |
Try this:
dnf remove $(rpm -qa | grep 5.7.15-200)
| How can I fix a "conflicting requests" kernel module error when running dnf update on Fedora 32? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm running Ubuntu Mate on a raspberry pi 4 and this kernel compiles seem to set a very high polling rate for the mouse, making a wireless mouse like the one I'm using extremely laggy.
The polling rate can be changed removing the usbhid module and starting it again with a lower polling rate:
sudo modprobe -r usbhid &&... |
Try:
cat >> /etc/modprobe.d/usbhid.conf << "EOF"
options usbhid mousepoll=2
EOF
And, if applicable:
update-initramfs -u -k all
...this .conf file should set the option for you the first time the module is loaded, and be persistent.
Another option is to include the setting in the kernel command line: usbhid.mousepoll... | Remove and load module during boot |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I am aware of Apparmor and specifically how it can be used to limit a program's access rights where of the file-system permissions otherwise allow. What I'm less clear on is whether it's possible for Apparmor or any similar security module to completely override a program's access rights. Can they grant a program ac... |
This doesn’t seem to be mentioned in the kernel’s LSM documentation, but no, security modules can’t completely override the kernel’s access model, they supplement it.
For example, checks before execution include those in do_open_execat, which checks the permissions; the LSM hooks are called later (look for security_).... | Can security modules completely override Linux Kernel's access model? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I have added the following to my /etc/modules:
nfs
nfsv4
and this is the result after a reboot:
nfsv4 638976 0
nfs 294912 1 nfsv4
lockd 98304 1 nfs
fscache 368640 2 nfsv4,nfs
sunrpc 385024 4 nfsv4,lockd,nfs
But, if I install nfs-ker... |
nfs and nfsv4 are the filesystem driver modules (the NFS client). nfsd is the NFS server module. The rest are their dependencies, such as auth_rpcgss which is needed to support Kerberos.
| Load NFS-Kernel-Server modules via /etc/modules |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I recently received the following error in my syslog:
syslog:Apr 28 09:59:02 vostrodell kernel: [ 883.401212] nouveau 0000:01:00.0: fb: trapped read at 0039824400 on channel 12 [3ed04000 systemd-logind[576]] engine 05 [PFIFO] client 08 [PFIFO_READ] subclient 01 [SEMAPHORE] reason 00000002 [PAGE_NOT_PRESENT]
So I wen... |
The actual issue was that nouveau is starting from initramfs.
To change load options for this kind of modules one need to run
sudo update-initramfs -u
to get the setting applied, otherwise no change are seen.
| Is PFIFO an engine in nouveau kernel? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
For the past week, I was working on a simplistic kernel module that creates a character device driver that allows the passing of messages between user and kernel space.
All good and nice, I found KEDR (https://github.com/euspectre/kedr) and I can now detect memory leaks.
However, the question stands: Is there a way to... |
KASAN is a close equivalent to memcheck, which is what you mean when you say valgrind.
It is The kernel address sanitizer [LWN.net 2014]. See also Software-tag-based KASAN [LWN.net 2018].
| How to detect memory safety errors in a linux kernel module? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
Is it possible to cause kernel panic by removing a device driver and then making a system call that uses that driver so that kernel goes in panic?
|
It is possible when driver is not properly removed and application tried to use. If driver is removed properly kernel will give error like driver not found but never crash(In 99.99% cases until it hit any bug).
| How to cause kernel panic by deleting a device driver (module)? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I accidentally deleted my /lib/modules/<kernel version directory>.
Here's the full output of sudo rm -rfv /lib/modules/4.14.98+ : pastebin
Is there a way to restore the modules keeping the system online?
It is a raspberry pi sitting on an internal network.
|
You can use dpkg --search /lib/modules/<kernel version directory> to find what packages this directory (and inside) belong to, then use apt-get --reinstall install <list from before> to reinstall any affected package missing, thus restoring missing content.
In one liner this should be (remove the -d once sure of the e... | Deleted /lib/modules/<kernel version> by mistake. How to recover? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I run on Debian Stretch,my linux-kernel version is 4.14.13
Is this module never used(real loaded) in initramfs for desktop PC?
The context is for initramfs and I have a very slow usb storage device(3.7M vmlinuz take about 60s to loaded),If it never use in desktop PC,I want remove it from my initramfs.
Note simple tes... |
ACard is the manufacturer of the ATP 8620 which this driver supports. The kernel module is automatically loaded on systems which require it.
Determining how likely your initramfs is to encounter one is rather difficult. I get the impression the ACard controller wasn’t particularly popular, but I wouldn’t go as far as ... | What do "ACard AHCI SATA low-level driver" meaning? What is "ACard"? [closed] |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm writing a kernel module. I can easily create a character device in /dev/ but I want to have 3 devices available to my user and it would be nice to put them all under a /dev/ subdirectory.
Possible example (exists on my openSUSE box):
# ls -l /dev/bsg
total 0
crw-rw---- 1 root root 252, 0 Jul 17 14:28 0:0:0:0
crw-... |
I found a way that works for me, one that doesn't use udev rules (I'd rather do it programmatically). This is easier than I thought earlier.
alloc_chrdev_region for number of devices.
Create classes for each device (each with different names)
Set the classes' devnode field with your custom function ex: return kasprin... | How to create multiple devices in a /dev/ subdirectory (kernel driver) |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I am using the following Kernel Device Driver.
/**
* @file ebbchar.c
* @author Derek Molloy
* @date 7 April 2015
* @version 0.1
* @brief An introductory character driver to support the second article of my series on
* Linux loadable kernel module (LKM) development. This module m... |
Johan Myréen gave me the link below.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11915728/getting-user-process-pid-when-writing-linux-kernel-module
So I was able to debug as below.
static int dev_open(struct inode *inodep, struct file *filep){
numberOpens++;
printk(KERN_INFO "EBBChar: Device has been opene... | I want to know which process open() the "Kernel Device Driver" |
1,492,509,841,000 |
When I trying this command modinfo fbtft I get this result:
modinfo: ERROR: Module fbtft not found.
But when I do checking, I have fbtft file in this location :
/lib/modules/3.18.1+/kernel/drivers/video/fbdev/fbtft
Do I have kernel support for fbtft or not? if not, how to add it?
My system is an arm-based computer(n... |
/lib/modules/3.18.1+/kernel/drivers/video/fbdev/fbtft is a directory. modinfo fbtft or modprobe fbtft looks for a file called fbtft.ko, which should be in that directory.
The fbtft driver can either be compiled as a module or linked into the main kernel binary. If it's in the main kernel binary then there won't be a f... | Do I have kernel support for fbtft? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
Suppose I have a memory-mapped peripheral which can be read from or written to at some address, say 0x43C00000. I want to be able to read from that same memory location in my Linux OS in order to communicate with that peripheral. Since the address in question would be a physical address, I should be able to write a k... |
You need to set up a kernel virtual address mapping for the location e.g.
mem_addr = ioremap_nocache(BASEADDR + OFFSET, SIZE);
(you appear to have asked the same question twice - see enter link description here).
| How to allow access to memory in a kernel module? [closed] |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm trying to build IBCS (source here) on Ubuntu 15.10 (Linux 4.2.35).
This module is obviously pretty old, because its CONFIG.i386 file gives gcc an option -m486, which doesn't exist anymore, but changing to -march=native seems to work OK.
The file emulate.c contains #includes like:
#include <linux/config.h>
#include... |
iBCS is obsolete, has been for a long time. Too much has changed in the Linux innards to there be any chance for this to still compile, even on an early 4.x kernel. Today it is linux-abi, but that is dead since 2013. Perhaps one of the binfmt modules does the job today.
| Why do the Linux kernel headers contain references to nonexistent headers? |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I recently installed debian 8 on my machine, which went fine. When I tried to install the vmware player 2.5.5-328052 the vmware software complains about not being able to find the linux headers matching my running kernel. uname -r yields 3.16.0-4-686-pae.
So I installed the headers (and gcc) and here is how it looks:
... |
The reason is that, in some versions of the Linux kernel, the version.h file needed by the VMware Tools installer have been relocated from /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/include/linux to /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/include/generated/uapi/linux, and the installer has not been updated to handle that.
The solu... | Linux Headers not found for VMWare Player |
1,492,509,841,000 |
I'm having a weird problem. I've done some hacking based on another person's work to backport support for the internal keyboard on a MacBook Pro 11,5 into kernel 3.19. My GitHub source can be found here.
I've done everything I can to ensure that it's as close to kernel 4.2 as possible while still being able to compil... |
There is an excellent answer here. The short answer is the command usb-devices (available for most distros in a package called usbutils or something similar) will should give you the info you want on the current driver each usb device is using.
| Determine which module is bound by a HID device? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I've used Buildroot to build a minimal operative system. During the configuration step with the menuconfig utility I specified to install I2C tools. The option was is
Target Package -> Hardware handling -> i2c-tools
But when I load the corresponding module I get the following error:
$sudo modprobe i2c-dev
modprobe: m... |
From what I understand, Target Package -> Hardware handling -> i2c-tools refers to user space i2c utilities.
What you miss is kernel space i2c modules, you need to add them in make linux-menuconfig.
| Buildroot - missing i2c kernel modules |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I have been a Windows kernel developer for many years. Now I start to develop Linux kernel modules.
To begin with, I installed kernel-devel under /usr/src/kernels/$(uname -r). However, after checking the installation folder, I am confused because there seem a lot of seemingly useless folders and files inside the direc... |
The kernel-devel package in Fedora and other Red Hat derivatives does not contain the full kernel source, just headers for public interfaces and makefiles needed for driver development. Most headers can be found under /usr/src/kernels/$(uname -r)/include/ and some architecture specific headers, e.g. for x86 under /usr... | Why does kernel-devel contain so many "empty" directories? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I have to load a few additionals modules. One of them generates /dev/knem file. I have to set the permission to 0666, so a basic chmod 0666 /dev/knem works, but I would like to assign it directly at boot time.
Where shall I write the config so that it is directly set by the kernel when it loads the module?
Thanks in a... |
I might be wrong, but can't you use udev rules, to assign 0666 permissions when /dev/knem is mounted ?
http://www.reactivated.net/writing_udev_rules.html#syntax
Controlling permissions and ownership
udev allows you to use additional assignments in rules to control ownership and permission attributes on each device.
... | set permission 0666 on /dev files at boot time |
1,424,048,543,000 |
In the german Ubuntu-Wiki it says, that the name of a blacklist in modprobe.d can be chosen as prefered but the filename has to begin with "blacklist-". Is that right? Because in a forum I read a blacklist was named "broadcom.conf". Will this work?
|
From the Red Hat documentation it would appear the name of the file containing "blacklist" is optional.
36.3.2. Blacklisting a driver, specifically step 6:
6) Create a new file under /etc/modprobe.d/ that contains the command blacklist name_of_driver. Give the file a descriptive name that will help you find it in fu... | Does modprobe.d blacklist always need the prefix "blacklist-"? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I am using Gentoo, with kernel 2.6.30, and I tried to load a module with modprobe usbcore, but it fails with modprobe: module 'usbcore' not found.
However, I can find a directory with that name in the directory /sys/module/. What is wrong here?
|
You can check whether the module you are trying to insert is present or not using
$ modprobe -l | grep usbcore
Generally all the modules are present in the path /lib/modules/<kernel-version>/kernel/
If present, you can then insert the module using modprobe or insmod command.
$ insmod <complete/path/to/module>
EDIT:... | How to load a module in Gentoo? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I have a sony VPCZ12 laptop. It has those dual video cards that are a pain to get working in linux. The new 2.6.35 kernel is supposed to support that with the vga_switcheroo module which is supposed to be located in /sys/kernel/debug on >2.6.35.
The problem is that when I boot my laptop, it freezes at a blackscreen un... |
You need to have a kernel with vga_switcheroo enabled and KMS, i.e. kernel mode setting, active (which you haven't as you boot with nomodeset).
To check if vga_switcheroo is enabled in the kernel, have a look into the Ubuntu config of your kernel. You should find it in /boot with a name along the lines of /boot/config... | vga_switcheroo not in /sys/kernel/debug in 2.6.35-22 (kubuntu maverick) |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I'm trying to build KVM and I'm having trouble figuring out where I went wrong. It builds fine, I'm 99% sure I'm cloning the correct kernel tag in git, but it doesn't load.
I'm running Ubuntu 22.04, with HWE. Here's the relevant info:
user@computer$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
D... |
The answer turned out to be here: https://imil.net/blog/posts/2022/build-a-single-in-tree-linux-kernel-module-debian--clones/
I'll detail the steps below since I targeted linux 6.5.0 instead of 5.4.0 like the article (though that is literally the only change to the commands).
Install sources. apt-get source linux-sou... | Trouble building KVM from source for Ubuntu 22.04. section size must match the kernel's |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I'm trying to load the fuse kernel module but for some reason it seems like it's not getting loaded. But I also don't get any error message. Can someone explain to me what's going on?
root@my-host:~# modprobe fuse
root@my-host:~# echo $?
0
root@my-host:~# lsmod | grep fuse
root@my-host:~# modinfo fuse
modinfo: ERROR:... |
Generally, if loading a module succeeds but that module doesn’t appear in lsmod’s output, it’s because the module is built-in — i.e. it’s part of the main kernel image and is always available¹.
To check whether that’s the case, look in /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/modules.builtin:
grep fuse /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/module... | modprobe fuse doesn't seem to load module |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I am having some issues with a DP83826 PHY and therefore I want to read some configuration registers. I have used mdio-tool and mii-diag for it, but I just realized that I can only read the first 32 registers.
mii-diag -v (verbose) displays the first 32 registers (which might not be a coincidence) and if I use mdio-to... |
I figured out how it works:
The basic standard MDIO address consists of 5 bits and therefore only the [0..32] range can be accessed directly. For devices that offer additional registers beyond the basic standard, there is an MDIO
Manageable Device (MMD) indirect method (defined in IEEE 802.3ah draft for Clause 22) for... | Reading PHY MII registers beyond 0x1F |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I'm currently trying to install netmap, which needs to modify the kernel. However, after installing the kernel headers, I noticed that in /lib/linux-kbuild-5.10/scripts, some of the scripts that are expected to be there are missing. This includes pahole-flags.sh as well as mkmakefile and as a result I get "not found" ... |
The commit you referred to modifies the part of Makefile that is used for building the Debian kernel headers packages (linux-headers-<kernel version>-<package version>_<arch>.deb). In other words, it commit makes the pahole-flags.sh script be included to the appropriate package in future kernel versions.
Since the ker... | How can I fix scripts in /lib/linux-kbuild on Debian 11: pahole-flags.sh not found |
1,424,048,543,000 |
we recently have upgraded to a new industry PC from Vecow/Plugin and to Ubuntu 20.04 from 18.04. From the BIOS (build date BIOS ~17.02.2022) and the IO chip according to it is a SuperIO 8786:
https://github.com/huchanghui123/ITE-SuperIO/blob/master/IT8786E-I_B_V0.2.pdf
This port seems to be mapped generic (ACPI/BIOS) ... |
In our case there was an issue in the BIOS. An update from our vendor fixed it.
| PPS on focal/20.04 timed out and never recovers |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I'm having trouble to compile kernel modules with KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE with new kernel. The compiler shows me a weird error. Such builds used to work with my older kernel (5.5) but does not work anymore with my 5.16 kernel.
Here is a minimal reproducible example:
Dummy module:
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/m... |
It’s not obvious from the documentation, but you’re supposed to add to KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE. Change your declaration to
KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE += "-O1" "-mcmodel=medium" # Examples
and the build will work.
The root cause of the build failure is that KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE lost its initial -DMODULE contents, which messed ... | Can't compile Kernel module with KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I've modified a kernel module (qcaspi) and recompiled it, however my modifications aren't being called (checked dmesg) when the OS boots up.
Instead, the old kernel module is being run.
If I reload the module with rmmod and modprobe then my changes DO get called.
What's going on there? Where is the OS finding the old ... |
Thanks to the comments I was able to find a solution.
update-initramfs -v -u
This updates the archived kernel modules, the -v is for the verbose option.
Takes a few seconds but once done, I can restart my OS and my new driver gets called right away, instead of the older archived version :).
| Custom Kernel module not being loaded |
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Background
I'm trying to download about 150GB to a newly-created Linux box (AWS EC2) with 100gbps network connection at full speed (12.5GB/s) or close to that. The network end is working well. However, I'm struggling to find anywhere on the box that I can put all the data fast enough to keep up, even though the box ha... |
On a tmpfs filesystem I can copy 64 files of 1.6 GB (in total 100GB) in 7.8 sec by running 64 jobs in parallel. That is pretty close to your 100 Gbit/s.
So if you run this in parallel (meta code):
curl byte 1G..2G | write_to file.out position 1G..2G
ẁrite_to could be implemented with mmap.
Maybe you can simply write... | Allocate RAM block device faster than Linux kernel can normally allocate memory |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I am writing a driver code for first time. I have checked many resources which state that the initialization function for a kernel module is either init_module() or any another function that is specified using module_init() macro. And this initialization function is called when a kernel module is loaded.
But I could n... |
Modules don’t need to have an initialisation function, do_init_module handles its absence:
/* Start the module */
if (mod->init != NULL)
ret = do_one_initcall(mod->init);
Such modules can be unloaded without an exit function either (as opposed to modules with an initialisation function... | Will the Kernel module load when there is no initialization function? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
Are the microcodes in /lib/firmware/amd-ucode/ updated live after each boot?
|
How/when
It depends. AMD microcode:
Can be embedded into the kernel image (vmlinuz)
Can be loaded via an initrd
Can be loaded during a normal boot.
This wiki article should answer your question: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/microcode
In all three instances you can reload it manually once you have updated i... | How/when are files in /lib/firmware/amd-ucode/ loaded and applied? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
So, I'm trying to update the bios of my HP Z230 workstation (don't ask why..).
It comes as a one-two punch: the 'xwbios' kernel module as a source rpm named hp-lxbios-mod..src.rpm and the 'lxbios' application rpm hp-lxbios..rpm that does the actual updating.
Here's the link to downlad the rpm the file sp97093.tgz is ... |
When I saw it required a custom kernel module and how old it was, I didn't bother trying to get it to compile with a modern kernel.
I decided to try installing it via a FreeDOS USB drive, which turned out to be a waste of time as well.
Instead, after unnecessarily putting together a boot disk, I ended up using the the... | Updating HP bios (that comes packaged as rpm) |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I am building a custom Alpine image based on isolinux.
Basically, I am squashing rootfs, and mounting it as overlayfs.
Bootloader does its job fine, kernel loads, but I am stuck at initramfs. Let say I have the following:
#!/bin/sh
export PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
/bin/busybox --install -s
rescue_shell() {... |
You could try your luck with modalias as exposed through the sysfs interface.
See for example https://patchwork.openembedded.org/patch/148854/ which suggests:
echo "/sbin/mdev" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
mdev -s
find /sys/ -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 sort -u -z | xargs -0 modprobe -abq
Note that I haven't teste... | How to autoprobe block devices in initramfs? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
Why do I want this?
I use the pwm-ir-tx kernel module to blast IR signals from my embedded device. However, when the pwm kernel module is loaded during the boot process, the pin is on high. It takes about 10 seconds or so until I can set it to low with a lirc irsend signal. You can in principle 'overload' the IR-LED... |
Create an udev rule to match it.
It shouldn't be necessary to run the script "after a module is loaded" – it deals with a specific device, so it would be better to run it "after the device is detected". Doesn't matter how the device was detected; as long as the kernel reports it as a 'new' device, it'll work.
That sai... | Run script after module is loaded due to device tree |
1,424,048,543,000 |
In (or after?) 2.4 the sys_call_table symbol was no longer exported to make it harder to hook system calls.
Ignoring that you can still obtain this information from the IDT or by reading /boot/System.map-<kernel-version>, I was wondering why this address seems to be constant across reboots and machines (with the same ... |
Since at least version 4.8 of the kernel, at least on x86, the kernel address space is randomised, including the system call table’s address. See RANDOMIZE_BASE in the kernel configuration for the basic details.
This means that the address given in System.map is useless, and the address of the system call table change... | Why is sys_call_table predictable? |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I am trying to compile Linux kernel on Odroid C2 and install DVB-T drivers using media_build. I followed steps described on the official wiki and forum. According to the forum, it is necessary to make Device Drivers -> Amlogic Device Drivers -> Multimedia Support compile as modules if I want to use the backported medi... |
I finally make it work. I created a git repository with a script, patches, and instructions. If someone is also dealing with this issue please clone this repository and do the following steps (these are also described in the README in the repository):
Linux
Clone Hardkernel Linux repository
git clone --depth 1 https:/... | How to compile Linux kernel with multimedia as module on Odroid C2 |
1,424,048,543,000 |
After a fresh install of Fedora 27, the wifi card is not detected after the running the first system update. After some lengthy troubleshooting online I am still no closer to the solution.
uname -r
4.14.5-300.fc27.x86_64
lspci -vnn -d 14e4:
04:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Limited BCM4356 802.11ac Wire... |
I had the same problem when I upgraded my Thinkpad X260 from Fedora 26 to 27 (the chipset is BCM4356 too). I solved it thanks to this bug report at RH Bugzilla
I downgraded to linux-firmware-20171009-78.gitbf04291.fc27
I had taken before the same steps installing broadcom-wl package. I commented brcmfmac module in th... | Broadcom wireless undetected in Fedora 27 |
1,424,048,543,000 |
I have a Linux system running from a kernel image I compiled off the sources from a Git repository. When I am running Linux, I would like to install a driver for some NI instrument. When I try running the installer, it tells me that it cannot detect the Linux kernel sources, and that those are required for the driver.... |
The module build system expects to find the configured kernel source (by configured, I mean with the .config file used to build the kernel) in /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build. The simplest approach for you is to create a symlink there pointing at your source directory:
sudo ln -s /path/to/kernel/source /lib/modules/$(u... | Driver requires Linux Sources |
1,424,048,543,000 |
My system contains 2 Nvidia cards. What i'm trying to achieve is one card driven by nouveau driver while the other by the official nvidia blob driver.
Both drivers successfully cohabit if the nvidia one is launched automatically on boot, using a specific nvidia driver option "nvidia_340.NVreg_AssignGpus=0:02:00." that... |
So, the path to the solution was not easy, but the solution in itself is
surprisingly straightfoward:
The idea is to use the install directive in a /etc/modprobe.d/ configuration file that redefine the way the nvidia driver is run through modprobe. I set the following inside a file /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia-with-nouveau.... | How to prevent a kernel module video driver to probe a specific graphic card device |
1,458,707,091,000 |
As of this afternoon the wifi on my Dell XPS 13 stopped working (running Debian sid with kernel 4.4.0-1-amd64). lspci detects my wifi card, but ifconfig -a shows only the loopback interface.
I tried plugging in a USB wifi dongle which I have used recently with this laptop, and this also does not get recognized as a ne... |
Your cfg80211 module and your running kernel are incompatible. The internal programming interfaces in the kernel change rather frequently, so when you upgrade your kernel, you need to keep modules in synch. (The exception is a few out-of-tree modules that are specifically maintained to work across a large range of ker... | Wifi stopped working, "Unknown symbol wireless_nlevent_flush" |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I try to install tty0tty a null-modem emulatom like in the linked installation guide, but I have a problem at "3. Build the kernel module from provided source":
user@linux-bmne:/run/media/.../Downloads/tty0tty-1.2/module> make
make -C /lib/modules/3.16.7-29-desktop/build M=/run/media/.../Downloads/tty0tty-1.2/module m... |
To build a kernel module, you need some header files which are generated during the build of the main kernel image. The makefile expects those headers to be available under /lib/modules/3.16.7-29-desktop/build where the 3.16.7-29-desktop is determined from your running kernel. Together with the header files, there's a... | "make" stops during installation of tty0tty (null-modem emulator) |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I need to write a script and determining its placement within Debian 7.9 filesystem. The script needs to be executed automatically on startup and, after checking what kernel is currently loaded (2.6.x vs. 3.2.x), unload the incorrect network driver, if loaded, and load the correct one. This question is the follow-up ... |
The location you guessed is nearly correct. But /etc/rcX.d directories usually contain only links to scripts in /etc/init.d/, so that a script only has to exist once but can be called at different runlevels.
| Autoloading a particular driver, based on a detected specific kernel |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I would like to use full disk encryption in the future and wanted to test if my CPU has AES-NI support so I followed guide on nixcraft.
It turns out that I do have support, but the kernel modules are missing.
$ sort -u /proc/crypto | grep module
module : arc4
module : ccm
module : crc32c_intel
module... |
In Fedora, the aesni is build into the kernel. Check this,
# cat /boot/config-4.2.6-301.fc23.x86_64 | grep AES_NI
CONFIG_CRYPTO_AES_NI_INTEL=y
The blog you mentioned works for modules compiled to be loaded externally thats why you do not see it work as described.
The openssl engine command also loads openssl engines l... | AES-NI module missing in Fedora |
1,458,707,091,000 |
The i915 Kernel module has several "module options" like the infamous enable_rc6.
However, for the xorg config file, there are further options such as TearFree.
I was wondering - why are there two ways to (seemingly?) set options the same module? Why can't I pass the TearFree option to the kernel module? Is this a gen... |
Because they're two different drivers: the kernel driver and the xorg driver and each driver has its own, specific options.
The i915 kernel driver talks to the hardware device (it does basic, low level stuff like set up resolution, map a framebuffer etc).
The xorg intel driver includes OpenGL, DRI, DDX etc for 2D/3D a... | Why are there module options AND driver options - e.g. for the i915 module? |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I have my Linux root on an F2FS USB flash drive. The kernel is on another device accessible by the bootloader. I'm trying to start it with the parameters root=/dev/sda1 rootwait rootfstype=f2fs, but I always end up with a kernel panic:
VFS: Cannot open root device "sda1" or unknown-block(8,1): error -19
Please append ... |
As @derobert pointed out, you have to build the kernel with the F2FS module. In my case it wasn't even included as a loadable module.
To build the kernel yourself, grab it from kernel.org. Get the default kernel config for your platform. (I got mine from here for the TI-Nspire calculator series.) Modify it to include ... | Linux root on F2FS |
1,458,707,091,000 |
After upgrading Squeeze to Wheezy my server will no longer boot. I'm only able to boot, by selecting a previous kernel (2.6.32).
linux:~# find /lib/modules/3.2.0-4-amd64/ -maxdepth 2
/lib/modules/3.2.0-4-amd64/
/lib/modules/3.2.0-4-amd64/modules.order
/lib/modules/3.2.0-4-amd64/modules.builtin
/lib/modules/3.2.0-4-amd... |
When you are running depmod, it only calculates the dependencies and creates modules.dep for the running kernel as default behaviour unless you provide an alternate kernel version as an argument.
In your case, since you are booting with version 2.6.32-5-amd64, you need to run:
$sudo depmod -a 3.2.0-4-amd64
in order ... | Upgrade Squeeze to Wheezy now no modules.dep |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I am trying to install DKMS on a Linux system that I made from the Linux from Scratch and Beyond Linux from Scratch books. I've found the package source from here but absolutely no info as to how to install them. There's no configure file in the tar ball and the Makefile seems to expect either Debian or RPM, which I d... |
Ok...so there's only one change to be made. This can be done in two ways:
Rename the directory in which the tarball is extracted as dkms instead of dkms-2.2.x.x. The Makefile expects that the tarball is unpacked in a directory called dkms.
Change the Makefile using the below sed:
sed "s@\.\./\$\(RELEASE_NAME\) @\... | Install DKMS on self-made Linux system |
1,458,707,091,000 |
To what I see the modules for different kernel versions are stored below
/lib/modules, i.e as /lib/modules/{version}/...../...ko
Now, while this makes it evident where to store the modules for each different kernel version, I have currently changed the .config (i.e. what I think is the configuration) of a kernel I ha... |
Whenever you change the configuration, add a suffix that succintly describes the configuration to the EXTRAVERSION field of the Makefile.
EXTRAVERSION=-lpae
and another time
EXTRAVERSION=-486
That way different configurations are different versions as far as all the tooling is involved: different output from uname -... | Where to put modules for different configurations of same kernel version? |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I have created new module code. And want to compile it for my kernel. But I am not sure about I thing. Should I copy it to some designated directory before I start the compilation? Or I can just compile it wherever I want?
Thank you very much!
|
There isn't anywhere special the source code needs to be. Normally it'd be wherever your repository is.
If you want to leave it somewhere for the next admin to find, the most obvious place would be a company VCS server. /usr/src would also be a reasonable place to look, as well as $HOME.
Eventually, if you decide to s... | Where (the directory) should I put my newly created module in the kernel? |
1,458,707,091,000 |
Background: I am currently in the process of updating a Industrial PC + software from Debian 4 (etch) to Debian 7 (Wheezy) due to hardware obsolescence, one of the few pieces of hardware being shared between the old and new systems is a Sunix 5008 parallel port. We use the parallel port to talk to some custom hardware... |
Having looked into this further it seems that this is due to the driver only being partially implemented, critical ioctls seem to be stubbed out.
| Sunix Low Level Parallel port driver not working |
1,458,707,091,000 |
GOAL
I want to install the Netis WF2190 wifi dongle linux driver onto my FriendlyARM mini210s.
Environment
FriendlyARM mini210s S5PV210 ARM Cortex-A8 Board
... running Linux 3.0.8-FriendlyARM
Netis WF2190
CROSS compiling with arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-
I understand that I need to CROSS COMPILE the Netis... |
Kernel source path was wrong, I corrected it to:
KSRC := /home/vagrant/friendlyarm/linux-3.0.8/
and it compiled
| How do compile Linux Driver for Netis WF2190 Wifi dongle for FriendlyARM mini210s? |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I just recently migrated to Wheezy from Arch, everything has gone very well except I can't seem to get multiple monitors to work. Here is my setup:
machine: Dell Latitude E6540 laptop
graphics:
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Haswell Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06) (prog-if 00 [VGA control... |
It's a common Debian problem, you could try the following:
Edit /etc/apt/sources.list
Comment out all sources from /etc/apt/sources.list
Add the following to /etc/apt/sources.list : "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian wheezy-backports main"
save, exit your editor
from the command line "apt-get update"
launch synaptic... | Debian Wheezy, issue connecting multiple monitors |
1,458,707,091,000 |
So I have a python script that emulates an ESC_KEY on pin 17 (Raspberry Pi).
#!/usr/bin/env python
#Imports for Pins,input
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import uinput
from time import sleep
#Setup
key_events=( uinput.KEY_ESC, )
device=uinput.Device(key_events)
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup(17, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GP... |
Is there an "easy" way to set this up as a kernel module
Probably not. Also, that might be kind of contra good design principles, because what you have seems like more of a userspace app; there's a kernel driver lurking in the background of it anyway.1
It seems as this is eating alot of resources when running in p... | From Python script to Kernel Module [closed] |
1,458,707,091,000 |
Is there a way to get out more out of your limited Ram on a VM?
I have a VM running on a cloud hoster and try to optimize a quite low on RAM mashine.
I heard, there is a way to compress parts in the memory if all free memory is in use called zram
How do I get this running?
|
As explained on the Zram Wiki:
zram (previously called compcache) can create RAM based block devices. It is an experimental (staging) module of the Linux kernel since 3.2.
So If you are using a kernel before 3.2 you need to copy the following script (taken from here) to /etc/init.d/zram:
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provi... | Compress memory on low Ram VM |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I've been through dependency issues, but, finally, have my application running. The problem is I need to force install of some old libraries with dpkg to achieve this, which, in turn, breaks my package manager (apt-get).
If I can find what .sos are called on load I can extract them (alien + tar) and symlink them withi... |
For the majority of cases, you can use ldd to determine the libraries an executable is linked against.
For example:
# ldd /usr/bin/xz
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff06358000)
liblzma.so.5 => /lib64/liblzma.so.5 (0x00007fd6a1358000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fd6a1138000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/... | Is there a way to monitor the Shareable Objects (.so) loaded on launch of a specific application? |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I have a 3rd party device driver which I am trying to cross-compile. When I build the driver everything goes smooth but I don't see any driver.ko file, however driver.o file is generated fine and I don't see any error during the build process. I have also tried with the option V=1 and I see following error
echo;
echo... |
Ok, I have figured out the problem. I am having square bracket character "[" in the module source directory
LD [M] /home/farshad/Work/CSP/boards/imx6q/ar6k3/ar6003_3.1_RC_Linux_release_[posted_2011_8_19_olca3.1RC_553/imx6build/host/os/linux/ar6000.o
Removing this from the path worked well and I got my kernel modu... | Building kernel module |
1,458,707,091,000 |
Is there a way to insert/load a module at the boot menu in Suse? I'm referring to the menu in the screenshot below (this isn't from my machine, just a similar screenshot I took from the web).
I know you add modules to boot via INITRD_MODULES in /etc/sysconfig/kernel, but I'm unable to get into my root partition, ev... |
As far as I know, there is no way to load any module at boot. The kernel first needs to be loaded ... which will not happen if I understand correctly your problem. All you can do from a boot menu is sent parameters to the kernel, but that's all. If you can't load the kernel itself you do not really have any option.
Ho... | Load module from the boot menu |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I have a bug in a driver (iwlwifi/iwlagn), which I have reported, and the developers are asking me to "build the driver with debug options enabled." More specifically:
Debugging output is enabled when compiling the driver with CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUG set to "y".
I do have the source. How do I put that option in when c... |
This debugging option i.e. CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUG is used for enabling the debugging of your WiFi card.
You have to enable this option by adding a line in the .config file in the /usr/src/linux-headers-(kernel-version) directory.
CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUG=y
This .config file contains all the kernel options which you want to... | Compiling a kernel module with some options |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I'm trying to compile a custom kernel with BTRFS support under Ubuntu 18.04. When I compile and install 4.20.70-generic everything's fine and the system starts without any problem. Btw, I can't use anything newer, because I also need a custom driver (later) that won't compile on anything newer than 4.x.
When I compile... |
I finally figured it out based on trial and error, and also cross-verified the issue. The kernel was missing:
CONFIG_FUSION: Fusion MPT device support
Incidentally, I'm running the installation under VMware Fusion (MacOS), and for the last 10 years it used to stay out of the picture, but when building your own kernel,... | Custom Kernel requirements for BTRFS root volume |
1,458,707,091,000 |
I just installed debian bullseye on a lenovo Thinkpad X1 Carbon Gen 10.
The installation process was pretty straightforward. Except for one part: networking. During the installation, it said the wifi card was not recognized.
Apparently this is a known case. I am just supposed to install the firmware-iwlwifi package an... |
I solved my issue by sharing an internet connection with my phone via USB.
I installed the latest kernel and it seemed to have fixed the issue.
The best hypothesis I have is, as @Peregrino69 mentioned, that my driver version was not aligned with my kernel version.
| Intel wifi card not using iwlwifi module |
1,458,707,091,000 |
Each new release of openZFS has a range of supported linux kernel versions (for example openZFS v2.1.9 supports kernels versions between 3.10 and 6.1)
But when I run zfs version I get:
root@pve:~# zfs version
zfs-2.1.9-pve1
zfs-kmod-2.1.6-pve1
PVE it's because I'm running proxmox virtual environment distribution, but... |
I have found out.
As zfs-kmod it's a kernel module, it gets embedded into the kernel package. So it's the maintainer of the kernel package who should place a compatible version of the zfs-kmod in their kernel package (if they want to support zfs).
To check the zfs-kmod version of installed kernels without having to bo... | OpenZFS and Linux Kernel versions compatibility question |
1,666,350,915,000 |
In a minimal Busybox-based Linux system, which commands must be invoked as part of the init script to ensure all kernel modules for the current hardware are loaded?
|
After going down the rabbit hole, assuming a minimal initramfs with some drivers built into the kernel and others present as kernel modules along with all relevant depmod-generated metadata, here is what I found:
Drivers built into the kernel are loaded before /init is invoked.
Drivers built as modules must be loaded ... | How to load kernel modules for current hardware in init of minimal Busybox-based system |
1,666,350,915,000 |
I've update my kernel version from 4.11 to 5.4.3-g9c2490ac8-dirty #3 SMP PREEMPT Sun Aug 8 12:11:16 UTC 2021 armv7l GNU/Linux
I have an issue with brcmfmac kernel module. I have enabled brcmfmac debug and enables all messages types in debug message.
you can see the dmesg output when I put this command insmod /<path to... |
the issue resolved.
I have add compatible property to usdhc in dts file.
&usdhc1 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
pinctrl-names = "default";
max-frequency = <50000000>;
pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_usdhc1_alt>;
bus-width = <4>;
no-1-8-v; /* force 3.3V VIO */
non-removable;
pm-i... | brcmfmac, brcmfmac_module_init No platform data available |
1,666,350,915,000 |
I am relatively new to Linux and I was reading a book for LPIC-1. Reading the module part I was checking my modules and noticed that some modules don't have a description.
ac97_bus, autofs4, cdrom, crc32_pclmul, crypto_simd, glue_helper, hid, jbd2, sunrpc, usb_common, usbcore
I tried Google but I didn't find any answe... |
It's not mandatory for a Linux kernel module to have a description filled in. If one does have it, you can find it in the module source code as a MODULE_DESCRIPTION declaration like this:
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Intel HDA driver");
which you can inspect via modinfo on the .ko object:
$ modinfo snd_hda_intel
filename: ... | Linux Module descriptions missing |
1,666,350,915,000 |
I'm setting up an embedded system that is built using the Yocto project. This outputs a root file system, kernel, u-boot, etc. I have an installer script that I run from an SD card that configures the eMMC on the board with partitions, copies in the rootfs, uboot, etc. It produces a bootable system when I boot from... |
User icarus was correct in their comment to my post.
I am issuing the following command from my installation script and that seems to be working:
depmod -b /mnt/root1 -a 4.14.98-imx8mq+gea48c83
The last argument is because the kernel version on the SD card system I'm booting from is different than the system I am mod... | How can I install kernel modules on a mounted file system? |
1,574,247,603,000 |
I am loading a kernel module at boot time, I added it to a config file in /etc/modules-load.d/, the module is loading correctly.
In my module I am using the wait_for_random_bytes() function from linux/random.h, so my module can have some delay in loading.
The modules are loaded sequentially? This module of mine can de... |
What the OS does ?
In my Debian (but i would bet that your CentOS just do the same), the module loading part of initialization is done by /etc/init.d/kmod.
Below is an extract of this script:
files=$(modules_files)
if [ "$files" ] ; then
grep -h '^[^#]' $files |
while read module args; do
[ "$module" ] || cont... | Loading a kernel module at boot time is blocking? |
1,574,247,603,000 |
I was reading about how TCP congestion variants are implemented in Linux. Each variant is implemented as a separate module.
When I had read this question: Add TCP congestion control variant to Linux Ubuntu
I understood that the variant can be loaded using modprobe.
Does that mean when lsmod is running, TCP cubic must ... |
There's the question to address and a little clarification for this specific case (congestion).
A kernel module is a part of the kernel that is optional and doesn't have to be present at kernel initial start nor later if not needed. It's a kind of plug-in. This allows to have most functionalities available on-demand, ... | TCP variants under lsmod |
1,574,247,603,000 |
I'm trying to run VBoxClient --clipboard, but I keep getting an error message,
VBoxClient: Failed to connect to the VirtualBox kernel
I see that systemctl is showing the process loaded,
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
virtualbox-guest-utils.service loaded active exited... |
VBoxClient is a guest-extension. It's made for guests, not hosts. If you're not running a version Linux as the guest in which you're launching VBoxClient, it won't do anything. This is the equivalent to adding the guest-additions CD to Windows guest.
To clarify matters, you can purge the guest packages entirely from t... | VBoxClient: Failed to connect to the VirtualBox kernel |
1,574,247,603,000 |
I am trying to understand what I am doing wrong here. I was under the impression that make savedefconfig would be the way to go to reduce one config to the (equivalent) bare minimum.
So here are my step, take a config file from the Debian package directly:
$ dpkg -S /boot/config-4.14.0-3-powerpc
linux-image-4.14.0-3-p... |
Turns out that this was simply bad timing. The git/master (actually 4.15) is affected by:
https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/10185397/
After upgrading an old laptop to 4.15-rc9, I found that the eth0 and
wlan0 interfaces had disappeared. It turns out that the b43 and b44
drivers require SSB_PCIHOST_POSSIBLE wh... | Does `make savedefconfig` lose configuration options? |
1,574,247,603,000 |
I use the rtl8812au driver for my wifi adapter. I have dkms setup so that after each kernel upgrade, it gets compiled. Here are the commands I ran to set that up:
DRV_NAME=rtl8812AU
DRV_VERSION=4.3.14
mkdir /usr/src/${DRV_NAME}-${DRV_VERSION}
git archive driver-${DRV_VERSION} | tar -x -C /usr/src/${DRV_NAME}-${DRV_VER... |
cat /usr/src/8812au-4.3.14/dkms.conf
PACKAGE_NAME="rtl8812AU"
PACKAGE_VERSION="#MODULE_VERSION#"
BUILT_MODULE_NAME[0]="8812au"
MAKE="'make'"
CLEAN="'make' clean"
DEST_MODULE_LOCATION[0]="/updates/dkms"
AUTOINSTALL="YES"
But I use git clone. And I rename /usr/src/rtl8812AU to /usr/src/8812au-4.3.14/
sudo dkms add -m... | Have to run insmod for rtl8812au after each boot |
1,574,247,603,000 |
I'm using an NXP embedded linux board and I compiled u-boot, the kernel and am using a linaro rootfs.
On it I installed freeswitch and loaded mod_gsmopen with a Huawei module and it didn't work. After a little bit of reading the conf file I found that it was trying to read ttyUSB3, so I tried finding the correct ttyUS... |
Ok. So I had many problems, so let's start from the beginning.
At that time I was trying to compile the drivers builtin into the kernel and not as a module. For some reason that didn't work so I decided to compile them as modules separately and installing them later.
The main problema I wasn't finding any package wh... | Can't find /lib/modules/ |
1,493,001,709,000 |
After updating Arch Linux xfce4 has been crashed and When I reboot the machine I got this message
Failed to start loading kernel modules
This is the output of uname -a
Linux NasserLaptop 4.8.4-1ARCH #1SMP PREEMPT Sat Oct 22 18:26:57 CEST 2016 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Output of `pacman -Q Linux
linux 4.8.6-1
I have tri... |
I have solved ,Thank to u guys
I have booted from USB then remounting the partitions as in installation then generate fstab file and edit it to add /boot then arch-chroot and
pacman -S linux
The problem was that boot partition didn't mount correctly and I have to edit fstab file to add it
My post and more details her... | Failed to start loading kernel modules |
1,493,001,709,000 |
I am trying to use the device driver for a TI battery monitor BQ76PL536 on my beaglebone black(BBB). The driver code is located here: https://github.com/tommessick/bq76pl536 .
Although, the author had tested for a cross-compile Ubuntu toochain, I tried to compile the kernel module directly on my BBB.
I did
sudo apt-g... |
The error isn't coming from the compiler, it's coming from the linker. Header files only contain the declaration of functions, they don't contain the function's code, so having the function declared in a header isn't sufficient to execute it. The build-time linker warns you that it hasn't found a place where the funct... | crc8 undefined while compiling linux kernel module on Beaglebone black/Debian |
1,493,001,709,000 |
I've done some work backporting the kernel modules for hid-apple and bcm5974 (with lots of help from SicVolo) and writing DKMS scripts for them so I can maintain compatibility across kernel upgrades:
rfkrocktk/hid-apple-3.19
rfkrocktk/bcm5974-3.19
The patches are pretty straightforward, they just add support for the... |
My problem was that I was installing the packages into the wrong directories in DKMS.
It's important to set DEST_MODULE_LOCATION to point to the directory within the kernel drivers in which your module is supposed to live. I was installing into /updates, but this was the wrong place. I had to move it to /kernel/drive... | Kernel not recognizing new devices from DKMS module? |
1,493,001,709,000 |
I am currently getting this error message:-
iptables v1.4.12: can't initialize iptables table `filter': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)
Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded.
I have tried insmod, updating the kernel from apt-get but I am really at a loss they are just not working and I... |
I solved this issue in the end, I recompiled the kernel, recopied over the modules and created a symlink between 3.15.0 to 3.15.0+ ... this + was not added to a file for some reason which messed up alot of things adding this I was able to make and install modules
| module issues with kernel |
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