date int64 1,220B 1,719B | question_description stringlengths 28 29.9k | accepted_answer stringlengths 12 26.4k | question_title stringlengths 14 159 |
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1,537,537,682,000 |
In an init.d file i wrote the below. Now i need to make the bin run in a specific directory. How do i tell it which directory to use?
mono --debug /path/bin &
|
cd /my/directory
mono --debug /path/bin &
| How do i run a process in a specific directory? |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I'm building a custom initrd so that I can boot diskless nodes with a tmpfs root rather than NFS root (a script in the initrd copies the contents of the root device to a tmpfs filesystem, then changes the value of NEWROOT). All seemed well and good in my test environment, I generated a custom initrd, booted it, / moun... |
The last debugging step I did clued me in, so I figured I'd post the answer for the sake of others. grep nfs /usr/lib/modules/[kernel version]/modules.order matched kernel/fs/nfs.ko | kernel/fs/nfsv3.ko | kernel/fs/nfsv4.ko, but they didn't exist.
Well *.ko represents a kernel driver, and initrd has an option --add-dr... | initrd built with NFS module cannot mount NFS root |
1,537,537,682,000 |
On my CentOS 5 workstation I get a few seconds wait after dm-raid45 has been loaded ("Initializing Driver" or something like that).
This seems to be part of the initrd. After that the system boots up.
What is going on during those few seconds and what can I do to avoid this wait-time? I have currently no raid installe... |
stabilize might take too long due to the --interval 1000 parameter (1000 indicates that there would be 10 checks performed with 1000ms (1s) intervals, which adds up to 9s). From what I've read here, it is a builtin command of nash. This long interval value looks like a workaround for hardware initialization issues des... | Avoid pause during dm-raid initialization |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I'm looking for help in getting a basic initrd environment up and running. My goal is to enhance my knowledge on how to create a basic Linux environment. Ideally, I would like to move into Embedded Linux systems later on and this seems the best starting point.
I've yet to find a good basic how-to on this subject, as s... |
When linux kernel boots into the initramfs filsystem, it doesn't run /sbin/init, but /init. The solution is to symlink the /sbin/init to /init.
UPDATE:
I tried to recreate your problems and I discovered that you probably compiled 64-bit busybox and 32-bit linux kernel. Therefore, the linux kernel doesn't know how to e... | Linux initrd environment setup - Failed to execute /init |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I am trying to move a Debian squeeze installation to VMWare VSphere 5.5 environment. However when booting the new machine after replication, the initrd/busybox gives an error, that it cannot mount the root-partition (invalid argument). However the driver for sda was loaded successfully and correctly detected all parti... |
The BusyBox version number has a ”+deb6u11” suffix. That suggests Debian version 6, or “squeeze”. That’s rather old.
Perhaps GRML and VMWare Converter are creating a XFS filesystem (or other filesystem type) that includes some newer features that cannot be handled by the Squeeze kernel?
| Debian: Boot fails when mounting sda with "invalid argument" |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I read from arch wiki:
In case your root filesystem is on LVM, you will need to enable the
appropriate mkinitcpio hooks, otherwise your system might not boot.
However, both my initrd and initramfs are on my root filesystem. How does the kernel loads these files if it does not have the modules to read from lvm? Isn... |
Isn't it a chicken and egg problem?
In a way, sure.
How does the kernel loads these files
It doesn't. A (fully modular) kernel is indeed incapable of doing so, in fact unable to access any disk at all, until you load the appropriate modules (ahci, scsi, etc.)
You could also ask how the kernel loads the kernel... t... | initrd and initramfs confusions |
1,537,537,682,000 |
So, I'm trying to split my initrd into two initrd's. There's some pretty significant scripts that run in the initrd, and we wanted to split the initrd so we could rev the just the logic or just the kernel portion.
As a single initrd, it boots fine. But, when I split it into two, I get an error:
RAMDISK: incomplete wr... |
I'm not sure if this qualifies as a complete answer, but there's some weird behavior with pygrub and initramfs's. It seems to append a few bytes to the end. The bytes are zeroed, so cpio wouldn't care about them. However, we encrypt the initramfs, so the decryption algorithm does.
| Booting grub-2.00 with 2 initrds, crashes with RAMDISK: incomplete write |
1,537,537,682,000 |
First, the issue that I'm having is being unable to run VirtualBox on Kali 2.0.
I set up a usb live with persistence running Kali 2.0, which at the time had the 4.6.0-kali1-amd64 kernel. I have since updated/upgraded/dist-upgraded etc with all of the recommended sources. As a part of this, the new headers/kernels th... |
Due to a bug in either the way my live system was installed or the way live-tools handles the mounted partition, live-update-initramfs does not work in this particular case, as it looks to /lib/live/mount/medium/ as the root of the usb live device, though this was not the mountpoint (and there are 3 partitions needed ... | How to change the boot kernel of a usb live w/ persistent running Kali |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I need to know what config and data files are pulled in to make the initrd.img-xxx when update-initramfs (mkinitramfs) is executed.
I am having a video driver problem that I have narrowed down to the generation of the initrd.img-xxx after kernel updates. I only get low-resolution single screen VESA, I should have two ... |
If you run update-initramfs with a "verbose" option, e.g. update-initramfs -u -v, it will display the name of every file it adds to the initramfs, and every hook script it executes.
| What files are pulled in by update-initramfs? |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I have problem with my linux. I always had small problem with my HHD but my PC always could works correctly but yesterday its stuck and I decided to reboot it. After rebooting I get this error.
[FAILED] Failed to start File System 6-53ec-49bb-8b46-0913583825fb.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for /sysroot.
[DEPEND] Depen... |
I am very grateful to all of you for your help, but nevertheless, I solved this issue in a different way.
In my case, the solution to this problem was simply booting from LiveUSB and then running the command fsck -f /dev/sd##. This completely solved my problem.
I also want to add a solution for another problem that I ... | How to repair linux after failed to start file system |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I have an old kernel ( 2.4.37.9 ) and I want to override or substitute the root=XXXXX parameter to send to the kernel inside the initrd script.
I already made some attempt to do that but it seems that at the end of initrd grub alway pass to kernel the root parameter define inside the menu.lst file, while I'm tryng t... |
This is not the more polite solution to this problem, but it works and mybe should be helpfull to some other so I brifly describe here how I solved my problem to have a DOM capable to change it boot device automatically.
Inside the linuxrc, the script of initrd, I detect wich device is available and based on that resu... | Kernel/grub : how override root parameter inside initrd script |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I booted liveUSB stick based on Linux Mint 20.2. After outputting initrd line (one after vmlinuz) I got empty screen with "decoding failed, system halted" (tried twice, error got reproduced). That happened in 1 of 4 cases only: legacy boot with large (>4TB) SATA drive attached; UEFI booted with drive (one 4Tb and one... |
"Decoding failed, system halted" seems to imply that the initramfs decompression routine detected an error. If that is true, then the error happened very early in the boot process, before the kernel even attempts to detect any SATA controllers.
If initramfs was successfully unpacked, the system would drop into initram... | decoding failed, system halted during legacy boot (possibly due to large SATA drive attached) |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I have initrd image compressed with xz. This is how I created it from image file initrd:
e2image -ar initrd - | xz -9 --check=crc32 > initrd.xz
now I need same image compressed using zstd algorithm. What command/parameters do I have to use, for the kernel to be able boot from this initrd image?
I have CONFIG_RD_ZSTD=... |
The equivalent with zstd shall be :
e2image -ar initrd - | zstd -19 --check > initrd.zst
| create initrd image compressed with zstd |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I'm trying to mount the rootfs / of a Debian Buster system as overlayfs because I'm interested in using tmpfs for the /upper directory. My idea is to use this to preserve the root filesystem integrity by making it fake-writable. I know there are a few packages intended to do this, like fsprotect and bilibop-lockfs, ho... |
Well, I didn't realized that you can choose a specific size in the mountoptions when you are mounting a tmpfs; from the tmpfs manpage:
Mount options
The tmpfs filesystem supports the following mount options:
size=bytes
Specify an upper limit on the size of the filesystem. The
... | How to control the OverlayFS size |
1,537,537,682,000 |
My PC boots to the grub command line.
$ ls
(hd0) (hd1) (hd1,gpt6) (hd1,gpt5) (hd1,gpt4) (hd1,gpt3) (hd1,gpt2) (hd1,gpt1)
(lvm/fedora-swap) (lvm/fedora-home) (lvm/fedora-root)
$ ls (hd1,gpt5)/
./ ../ lost+found/ efi/ extlinux/ grub2/ vmlinuz-4.10.12-200.fc25.x86_64
vmlinuz-4.10.10-200.fc25.x86_64 System.map-4.1... |
I was also able to reproduce "Failed to start Switch Root" with kernel vmlinuz-4.2.3-300.fc23.x86_64 using the following commands.
grub> linux /vmlinuz-4.2.3-300.fc23.x86_64 root=/dev/sda1
grub> initrd /initramfs-4.2.3-300.fc23.x86_64.img
grub> boot
At the GRUB splash screen, when I press e to edit, the following is ... | Can't find initrd file on GRUB console |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I am currently working on a custom initrd based on the CentOS 6.7 (2.6) kernel with the following modules loaded.
The initrd is designed to backup files off a old RHEL system into memory, unmount the disk, wipe the disk and then finally dd a prebuilt CentOS system onto the disk.
The CentOS system was built on VMware ... |
Since you wipe the disk, the running kernel will not know about the partitions available.
You can run partprobe (as comes with the parted partitioning utility) to reload the correct partitioning info in your running kernel.
If you don't have partprobe (small discs not requiring parted?), you can use hdparm -z /dev/yo... | LVM devices not showing in initrd but working on boot [duplicate] |
1,537,537,682,000 |
I have a Java program running as a daemon (thanks to YAJSW, a wrapper for java).
The thing is that this java application writes several lines of console text, (simply imagine a Hello World App). If I run it from the console of course I can read those lines.
But when it runs as a daemon, where do those lines of text go... |
I've found how to do it in the Yajsw help,
thanks @Gilles for the guiding
It's enough just to specify in wrapper.conf
wrapper.logfile= <path and filename >
Thanks anyway!
| How to log the output of a daemon application? |
1,635,820,837,000 |
I am following https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/wiki/Ubuntu-18.04-Root-on-ZFS but doing it for Ubuntu 20.04.
When I get to:
update-initramfs -u -k all
nothing happens: It returns after 0.1 second and normally update-initramfs takes several seconds on my machine.
update-grub also complains about a missing initrd:
# upda... |
There is no initial initramfs, so updating none does nothing.
The solution was to create a new one:
update-initramfs -c -k all
-c being the magic change.
| Ubuntu 20.04 on zfs on root on LUKS on UEFI |
1,635,820,837,000 |
I am trying to create my own PID 1 init script, to be called from the boot cmdline with init=/myscript. How can I make it work on a real filesystem, with any kernel?
When it runs in an initrd, it works fine and can mount things, etc. - but when I use it on my filesystem without an initrd, it fails to mount things, be... |
There's no special treatment for init on initrd, so there must be some other issue.
If run as root, the euid will match the owner of the binary if the setuid bit is set.
Check the ownership on /bin/mount.
| Why does a shebang script run as init= have an euid of 0 when run from an initrd, but not otherwise? |
1,635,820,837,000 |
When trying to mount ext2 I get this error:
Creating 4 MTD partitions on "MPC8313RDB Flash Map Info":
0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "U-Boot"
0x000000100000-0x000000300000 : "Kernel"
0x000000300000-0x000000700000 : "JFFS2"
0x000000700000-0x000000800000 : "dtb"
List of all partitions:
1f00 1024 mtdblock0 (... |
For some reason my U-boot is not letting my kernel know where the initrd is being loaded into ram so I manually set initrd_start and initrd_end in setup-common.c. I mapped the memory location in ram that the ramdisk was loaded to a virtual address space of the kernel. I had to remap because the PAGE_OFFSET was larger ... | Kernel can't find initrd? |
1,635,820,837,000 |
I have a problem with a Linux system that won't boot. The bootloader happily loads the kernel and initrd, but then the initrd script whines and complains and moans that it can't find the root device.
How to I force the initrd script to give me a shell prompt so I can actually investigate what's going on?
I tried unpac... |
This is an Apple-specific issue. If I boot just about any Linux system on the MacBook Air I have to play with, the keyboard refuses to function. On any PC-based system, this works perfectly. So nothing to do with Linux not starting the right init binary; it's some kind of hardware driver issue.
| Shell prompt from initrd |
1,635,820,837,000 |
I'm stuck with this kernel panic.
What I want is to embed an initramfs into the kernel xip Image, but linux panic and tell me to pass a valid "root=" rootfs value. But WHY does Linux look for this input??
(The only reason I don't give any real .cpio is I can't build one because of errors like "can't find #include ").... |
The problem was double:
I don't know why, but the default .cpio wasn't working.
The "stm32 minimal blablabla" cpio I found on the net wasn't working.
I tried to run an entire system build with buildroot, that works out-of-the-box, and try to use there rootfs.cpio, and it works!!
If I found the reason, I'll post it h... | uCLinux (linux 4.9 nommu) VFS: Cannot open root device "(null)" |
1,635,820,837,000 |
When I run run apt-get dist-upgrade, I get
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.142) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.0.0-6-amd64
zstd: error 25 : Write error : No space left on device (cannot write compressed block)
E: mkinitramfs failur... |
.rw-r--r-- 73M root 22 Dec 10:51 /boot/initrd.img-6.0.0-6-amd64
[...]
It says it failed to generate this file, but the file is there. Moreover, if I jump onto boot I can see that there is still space for 69 MB
which is actually calling this under the hood to generate the error,
mkinitramfs -o /boot/initrd.img-6.0.0-6... | Why is my boot partition full? |
1,635,820,837,000 |
I saw this question and I did pretty much the same but I enabled initrd in configuration to use temporary root file system and no other modification but I still get this error on:
qemu -kernel linux-3.16.1/arch/x86/boot/bzImage
any suggestion about what cause this error or how can i fix it ?
|
The boot fails for the same reason as in the mentioned question - just booting a kernel without anything else doesn't do much good. You must provide a disk. Or an initrd image. But just enabling initrd doesn't give you an initrd image magically. You need to prepare one and provide it to qemu like so:
qemu-system-i386 ... | qemu can't run linux kernel |
1,635,820,837,000 |
I am using ubuntu kernel 4.xx with corresponding ubuntu initrd.img, and it works. But, I want to use a custom initramfs inspired by lfs (linux from scratch) initramfs. The kernel extracts, and runs my init script successfully including mounting sysfs. But /sys doesn't expose any trace to available storage (two disk... |
On the working system, look at the device(s) in sysfs, and their device symlink. This points to the parent device - which may in turn have its own parent device, and so on. Write yourself a list of the device and all its parent devices. Then you can check all of them in the initramfs. You might be missing more req... | kernel sysfs doesn't recognize storage kobjects [closed] |
1,635,820,837,000 |
I have latest Kubuntu. I have installed mysql.
I was looking into the /etc/init.
I see the following:
In /etc/init/mysql.conf
description "MySQL Server" [18/40]... |
Ubuntu uses Upstart for its Init, which doesn't use /etc/rcX.d the way SysVInit does. More information: http://upstart.ubuntu.com/
| How are the services exactly starting in (K)Ubuntu? |
1,635,820,837,000 |
Linux xd 5.10.0-16-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.127-1 (2022-06-30) x86_64 GNU/Linux
Edit 2022-07-20
This issue has had comes and goes, at the moment, I am having a lot of trouble when Xen boot lands on initramfs, please help.
The wiki suggests to mount a thumb drive or root ( mount -o remount,rw/root ).
Apparently no di... |
Unfortunately Xen is not compatible with this hardware.
For traceability, this was discussed on the xen-devel here:
https://xen.markmail.org/message/7jgv47pk5rsea4ef?q=+list:com%2Exensource%2Elists%2Exen-devel&page=6
This firmware has a wider than 16bit segment number and nvme calls to it during boot, and this is the ... | Boot into Xen on debian11 (initrd trouble) |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I'm currently facing a problem on a linux box where as root I have commands returning error because inotify watch limit has been reached.
# tail -f /var/log/messages
[...]
tail: cannot watch '/var/log/messages': No space left on device
# inotifywatch -v /var/log/messages
Establishing watches...
Failed to watch /var/lo... |
Is it safe to raise that value and what would be the consequences of a too high value?
Yes, it's safe to raise that value and below are the possible costs [source]:
Each used inotify watch takes up 540 bytes (32-bit system), or 1 kB (double - on 64-bit) [sources: 1, 2]
This comes out of kernel memory, which is unswap... | Kernel inotify watch limit reached |
1,306,327,420,000 |
After a recent upgrade to Fedora 15, I'm finding that a number of tools are failing with errors along the lines of:
tail: inotify resources exhausted
tail: inotify cannot be used, reverting to polling
It's not just tail that's reporting problems with inotify, either. Is there any way to interrogate the kernel to fin... |
It seems that if the process creates inotify instance via inotify_init(), the resulting file that represents filedescriptor in the /proc filesystem is a symlink to (non-existing) 'anon_inode:inotify' file.
$ cd /proc/5317/fd
$ ls -l
total 0
lrwx------ 1 puzel users 64 Jun 24 10:36 0 -> /dev/pts/25
lrwx------ 1 puzel u... | Who's consuming my inotify resources? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I have seen this answer:
You should consider using inotifywait, as an example:
inotifywait -m /path -e create -e moved_to |
while read path action file; do
echo "The file '$file' appeared in directory '$path' via '$action'"
# do something with the file
done
The above script watches a directo... |
how do I modify the inotifywait command to report only when a file of
certain type/extension is created
Please note that this is untested code since I don't have access to inotify right now. But something akin to this ought to work with bash:
inotifywait -m /path -e create -e moved_to |
while read -r directory a... | How to use inotifywait to watch a directory for creation of files of a specific extension |
1,306,327,420,000 |
According to Wikipedia,
inotify is a Linux kernel subsystem which notices changes to the file system. It replaced the previous dnotify.
Programs that sync files (such as crashplan, dropbox, git) recomend in user guides that the user increase max_user_watches (1, 2, 3).
From what I understand about inotify, the OS is... |
Inotify is an internal kernel facility. There is no “inotify file”. There are dedicated system calls inotify_init, inotify_add_watch and inotify_rm_watch that allow processes to register themselves to be notified when certain filesystem events happen. When the event happens, the process receives a description of the e... | How does inotify work? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I have written a shell script to monitor a directory using the inotifywait utility of inotifyt-tools. I want that script to run continuously in the background, but I also want to be able to stop it when desired.
To make it run continuously, i used while true; like this:
while true;
do #a set of commands that use the i... |
To improve, use killall, and also combine the commands:
ps -aux | grep script_name
killall script_name inotifywait
Or do everything in one line:
killall `ps -aux | grep script_name | grep -v grep | awk '{ print $1 }'` && killall inotifywait
| Killing a shell script running in background |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I have written a small 'daemon' in bash that will switch to the headphones if they are detected, and if not, switch to an external USB speaker with PulseAudio.
What I'm looking for is some way to get notification of changes on the file /proc/asound/card0/codec#0, just like inotifywait does on real files (considering f... |
What I'm looking for is some way to get notification of changes on the file [in proc]
You can't, because they aren't files. This is not quite a duplicate question, but the answer here explains why.
/proc is a kernel interface. There are no real files there, hence they can't change. Reading from the handles is a r... | Notify of changes on a file under /proc |
1,306,327,420,000 |
Thanks sshfs magic, I can mount my home dir from a remote server with
sshfs user@server:/home/user ~/remote
Optimistically, I thought I'd set a local inotify-hook on ~/remote/logFile (in the sshfs mount) so a local program can react to remote log changes.
cd ~/remote
touch logFile # cr... |
THe SSHFS filesystem is built on top of the SFTP protocol. SFTP provides only facilities to manipulate files in “classical” ways; the client makes a request to the server (list a directory, upload a file, etc.), and the server responds. There is no facility in this protocol for the server to spontaneously notify the c... | How do I use inotify or named pipes over SSHFS? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I'm trying to monitor my /tmp folder for changes using inotifywatch:
sudo inotifywatch -v -r /tmp
After creating couple of files (touch /tmp/test-1 /tmp/test-2), I'm terminating inotifywatch (by Ctrl-C which shows me the following statistics:
Establishing watches...
Setting up watch(es) on /tmp
OK, /tmp is now being... |
This is due to the way you're using inotifywatch, and the way the tool itself works. When you run inotifywatch -r /tmp, you start watching /tmp and all the files that are already in it. When you create a file inside /tmp, the directory metadata is updated to contain the new file's inode number, which means that the ch... | Why doesn't inotifywatch detect changes on added files? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
When I have mutt opened, I don't see new emails until I press a key, for example arrow down. Then new emails appear.
Is there a way for mutt do recognize that new email has arrived, and display the email automatically, without me having to press a key every few minutes?
I am using maildir format (locally stored email... |
I believe I found a solution to this on the Mutt wiki.
How to make mutt check for new mail more often? What's the difference between $timeout
and $mail_check?
After every keyboard input mutt updates the status of all folders. To receive "New mail
in ..." notifications even without needing to press a key, ... | mutt: automatically show new mesages |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I want to be notified when a specific filename is created. I'm looking at inotify. The IN_CREATE flag is available for monitoring a directory for any changes within it, but I'd prefer not to monitor the entire directory since there may be a good deal of activity in that directory besides the file I'm interested in. C... |
You cannot have the kernel only inform you of a change to a certain path. The reasons are a bit subtle:
In Linux, a file object exists independently of any name(s) it may have. Files' names are actually attributes of their containing directory, and a single file may be called by multiple names (see, hardlinking).
The... | Can inotify be used to watch for a specific file to be created without monitoring the entire directory? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I'm trying to find a way to immediately move a file to another folder as soon as it appears in my dropbox on CentOS.
I have scoured the internet for some clues but I can't get any further than the fact that I need to use inotify to invoke a script which will process the file as it appears.
My BASH knowledge is very li... |
This is a simple approach:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
dir=/home/ortix/Dropbox/new/
target=/home/ortix/movedfiles/
inotifywait -m "$dir" --format '%w%f' -e create |
while read file; do
mv "$file" "$target"
done
With more details about the types of files you wanted to move, you could add some checking, loggin... | Use inotifywait to move file when it loads in dropbox folder |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I have written a bash script to monitor a particular directory /root/secondfolder/:
#!/bin/sh
while inotifywait -mr -e close_write "/root/secondfolder/"
do
echo "close_write"
done
When I create a file called fourth.txt in /root/secondfolder/ and write stuff to it, save and close it, it outputs the following:
/ro... |
inotifywait -m is "monitor" mode: it never exits. The shell runs it and waits for the exit code to know whether to run the body of the loop, but that never comes.
If you remove -m, it will work:
while inotifywait -r -e close_write "/root/secondfolder/"
do
echo "close_write"
done
produces
Setting up watches. Bewa... | Using inotify to monitor a directory but not working 100% |
1,306,327,420,000 |
Imagine two processes, a reader and a writer, communicating via a regular file on an ext3 fs. Reader has an inotify IN_MODIFY watch on the file. Writer writes 1000 bytes to the file, in a single write() call. Reader gets the inotify event, and calls fstat on the file. What does Reader see?
Is there any guarantee that... |
From what I see in the kernel source, inotify does only fire up after a write is completed (i.e. your guess is wrong). After the notification is triggered, only two more things happen in sys_write, the function that implements the write syscall: setting some scheduler parameters, and updating the position on the file ... | Does inotify fire a notification when a write is started or when it is completed? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I am using Fedora 17 and over the last few days I am having an issue with my system. Whenever I try to start httpd it shows me:
Error: No space left on device
When I execute systemctl status httpd.service, I receive the following output:
httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server (prefork MPM)
Loaded: loaded (/u... |
Here we see evidence of a problem:
tail: inotify resources exhausted
By default, Linux only allocates 8192 watches for inotify, which is ridiculously low. And when it runs out, the error is also No space left on device, which may be confusing if you aren't explicitly looking for this issue.
Raise this value with the ... | Httpd : no space left on device |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I have a binary that creates some files in /tmp/*some folder* and runs them. This same binary deletes these files right after running them. Is there any way to intercept these files?
I can't make the folder read-only, because the binary needs write permissions. I just need a way to either copy the files when they are... |
You can use the inotifywait command from inotify-tools in a script to create hard links of files created in /tmp/some_folder. For example, hard link all created files from /tmp/some_folder to /tmp/some_folder_bak:
#!/bin/sh
ORIG_DIR=/tmp/some_folder
CLONE_DIR=/tmp/some_folder_bak
mkdir -p $CLONE_DIR
inotifywait -m... | Watch /tmp for file creation and prevent deletion of files? [duplicate] |
1,306,327,420,000 |
After reading some articles on the internet I am a little lost in understanding the difference between INotify max_user_instances and max_user_watches.
From official Linux man:
/proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances
This specifies an upper limit on the number of INotify instances that can be created per real user ID... |
An "instance" is single file descriptor, returned by inotify_init(). A single inotify file descriptor can be used by one process or shared by multiple processes, so they are rationed per-user instead of per-process.
A "watch" is a single file, observed by inotify instance. Each watch is unique, so they are also ration... | What is exactly difference between INotify max_user_instances and max_user_watches? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I have a service which is sporadically publishing content in a certain server-side directory via rsync. When this happens I would like to trigger the execution of a server-side procedure.
Thanks to the inotifywait command it is fairly easy to monitor a file or directory for changes. I would like however to be notified... |
Drawing on your own answer, if you want to use the shell read you could take advantage of the -t timeout option, which sets the return code to >128 if there is a timeout. Eg your burst script can become, loosely:
interval=$1; shift
while :
do if read -t $interval
then echo "$REPLY" # not timeout
... | Monitor a burst of events with inotifywait |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I'm looking for a reliable way to detect renaming of files and get both old and new file names. This is what I have so far:
COUNTER=0;
inotifywait -m --format '%f' -e moved_from,moved_to ./ | while read FILE
do
if [ $COUNTER -eq 0 ]; then
FROM=$FILE;
COUNTER=1;
else
TO=$FILE;
COUNTER=0;
echo "sed -... |
I think your approach is correct, and tracking the cookie is a robust way of doing this.
However, the only place in the source of inotify-tools (3.14) that cookie is referenced is in the header defining the struct to match the kernel API.
If you like living on the edge, this patch (issue #72) applies cleanly to 3.14 ... | inotifywait - get old and new file name when renaming |
1,306,327,420,000 |
What I want to do is, to monitor a directory (not recursive, just one) for new files created and append those files to one single big file as they are being written.
The number of files that are being written is huge, could reach as much as 50,000.
By using inotifywait, I am monitoring the directory like:
inotifywait ... |
No need to post-process the output... use inotifywait options --format and --outfile
If I run:
inotifywait -m --format '%f' -e create /home/don/folder/ --outfile /home/don/output.file
then open another tab, cd to ~/folder and run:
time seq -w 00001 50000 | parallel touch {}
real 1m44.841s
user 3m22.042s
sys ... | Inotifywait for large number of files in a directory |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I want to trigger an action, when in one of my specified directories, a new file is created. I want to use inotifywait for this purpose. But the problem is that I don't know how to use inotifywait to watch several directories simultaneously. Watching a single directory even recursively is not a problem, but several? I... |
You can just list directories you want to observe:
$ inotifywait testdir1 testdir2/ -m
Inside application, after instance of inotify is created using inotify_init() function, inotify_add_watch() can be called several times for selected paths. You can find the system limit of watching paths in /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max... | "inotifywait" to watch several directories simultaneously |
1,306,327,420,000 |
The reason why I am asking is because I'm using iwatch (not to confuse with a gadget device) to watch for filesystem events (in my case - file creation/renaming).
What I cannot explain is this log:
/path/to/file.ext.filepart 0 IN_MODIFY
/path/to/file.ext.filepart 0 IN_MODIFY
/path/to/file.ext.filepart 0 IN_MODIFY
/... |
$ inotifywait -m /tmp
Setting up watches.
Watches established.
/tmp/ CREATE file.ext.filepart
/tmp/ OPEN file.ext.filepart
/tmp/ MODIFY file.ext.filepart
/tmp/ CLOSE_WRITE,CLOSE file.ext.filepart
/tmp/ CREATE file.ext
/tmp/ DELETE file.ext.filepart
Transcript from running
$ echo hello >/tmp/file.ext.filepart
$ ln /tm... | Is it possible to create a non-empty file without write_close and rename event? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I am using inotify to watch a directory and sync files between servers using rsync. Syncing works perfectly, and memory usage is mostly not an issue. However, recently a large number of files were added (350k) and this has impacted performance, specifically on CPU. Now when rsync runs, CPU usage spikes to 90%/100% and... |
If the server has a slow processor avoid checksums and compression with rsync.
I would remove ht "-z" option in the rsync command.
rsync --update -alvr --exclude '*cache*' --exclude '*.git*' /var/www/* root@secondwebserver:/var/www/
Note that it will not avoid rsync to compare the 650k files.
You could rsync subdi... | inotify and rsync on large number of files |
1,306,327,420,000 |
Is it possible to hook a script execution on each process creation?
Essentially the equivalent of inotifywait to monitor disk activity but applied to the process table.
It would be to allow to do an action upon spawning of the processes, for example logging it, cgset it, other. I can see the challenge that it would re... |
First, process creation is rarely a useful event to log and it's irrelevant for security (except for resource limiting). I think you mean to hook the execution of programs, which is done by execve, not fork.
Second, the use cases you cite are usually best served by using existing mechanism made for that purpose, rathe... | Hook action on process creation |
1,306,327,420,000 |
Inside shell script (test.sh) I have inotifywait monitoring recursively some direcotry - "somedir":
#!/bin/sh
inotifywait -r -m -e close_write "somedir" | while read f; do echo "$f hi"; done
When I execute this in terminal I will get following message:
Setting up watches. Beware: since -r was given, this may take a ... |
When inotifywait outputs the string "Watches established." is secure to make changes in the watched inodes, so you should wait to the string to appears on standard error before touching the files.
As an example,this code should to that,
inotifywait -r -m -e close_write "somedir" \
2> >(while :;do read f; [ "$f" == "W... | Execute command after inotifywait established watches |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I would like to get a list of pid's which hold shared lock on /tmp/file. Is this possible using simple command line tools?
|
From man lsof:
FD is the File Descriptor number of the file or:
FD is followed by one of these characters, describing the mode under which the file is open:
The mode character is followed by one of these lock characters, describing the type of lock applied to the file:
... | Monitoring file locks, locked using flock |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I am trying to use inotifywait to watch a folder (/shares/Photos) and when it detects a jpg added to the folder I need to resize it into a sub directory ($small_dir). Under the photos director there will be many subfolders for the jpgs.
The tree looks like this
shares
-Photos
-Folder 1
-Folder 2
.... |
OP is using:
inotifywait -mr --timefmt '%m/%d/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w %f' -e close_write /shares/Photos --includei "\.jpg|\.jpeg" |
The documentation about --includei tells (bold emphasis mine):
--includei <pattern>
Process events only for the subset of files whose filenames match the specified POSIX regular exp... | inotifywait ignoring new folders in watch directory |
1,306,327,420,000 |
Large files are transferred to a server for processing. The server monitors a specific directory using incrond and when a new file is received the processing script is executed for that file.
Because the files are large it takes some time to transfer them. How do I make sure that the file has finished transferring bef... |
Your problem has nothing to do with scp. It's related to
inotify, the kernel interface that's
used to trigger an action on file system events. And you're apparently
triggering on the wrong event. Read the
man page of incrontab
to understand how the system works.
If your processing script already triggers when the file... | Prevent processing file until SCP transfer is finished |
1,306,327,420,000 |
For some test I start Ubuntu Live from USB.
I'm trying to use tail command to show debug log, but it doesn't work.
I also test opening two terminals (t1, t2) with this code:
t1:
touch a
t2:
tail -f a
t1:
for i in `seq 1 10`; do echo $i >> a; sleep 1; done
Nothing in t2! What can be the cause?
|
If it's a case of tail not working at all, then it could be because your liveCD is using the overlayfs filesystem, which has a bug regarding notifications of modified files. You could try to move the log to another filesystem, such as /tmp if the application creating the log has an option to do so.
You could also car... | tail -f produces no output in Ubuntu live CD |
1,306,327,420,000 |
This works perfectly:
$ inotifywait --event create ~/foo
Setting up watches.
Watches established.
/home/ron/foo/ CREATE bar
However, this just sits there when directory tun0 is created under /sys/devices/virtual/net.
$ inotifywait --event create /sys/devices/virtual/net
Setting up watches.
Watches established.
Since... |
Although the inotify FAQ implies partial support:
Q: Can I watch sysfs (procfs, nfs...)?
Simply spoken: yes, but with some limitations. These limitations vary between kernel versions and tend to get smaller. Please read information about particular filesystems.
it does not actually say what might be supported (or i... | inotifywait not alterting when device created |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I am developing a small daemon program which needs to run some instructions when a user logs onto the system (all kinds of logins included). In order to do so, I want my program to be woken up whenever this login event occurs. However, I don't want it to check periodically whether a new user arrived, which means it m... |
Does your system use Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM)? Most modern Linux or BSD use PAM.
PAM allows you to hook into logins. There are a variety of PAM modules available which might meet your needs, or you can write your own in C. There is even a pam-python* binding which allows you to hook in Python code.
Given... | How can I detect a user login programmatically? [duplicate] |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I got a little script that lists the number of inotify watches per process. That usually gets me what I want, but now I would like to know which files are being watched. I assume this is possible and that a inotify watch corresponds to a file being monitored by an inotify instance?
I also assume that I can build upon ... |
I don't know about standard tools that deal with the f_handle field. That would be convenient what with the open_by_handle_at(2) syscall, but anyways that field may not always be valid. The kernel's nfsd for instance does not provide it.
However, the full coordinates of any file in Linux are still the good-old device ... | Listing the files that are being watched by `inotify` instances |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I want to know when my battery charge changes, and I don't want to simply run a daemon that checks on it every five seconds.
I've tried running inotifywait -m /sys/class/power_supply/BAT1/capacity, but it doesn't register any modifications even though cat-ing it every once in a while gives different results! In fact, ... |
As @rudib said in the comments, everything in /sys is virtual: the content of each file is created fresh from the corresponding kernel data structure whenever it's actually being read. So, there are no modifications in the sense of something writing into the file to change it.
The same goes for /proc.
Battery status ... | Why doesn't inotifywait report modifications made to battery capacity file? |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I'm using inotifywait in a script and wondering if there is a way to exclude hidden files from being watched?
I can't seem to determine the regex pattern to exclude hidden files.
|
I assume you mean filenames that start with a dot (.), you can ignore those. The thing with inotifywait --exclude is that the pattern appears to be matched against the full path of the file, so you'll need to take that into account.
So, if you give inotifywait the directories foo and bar to watch, then the patterns m... | inotifywait exclude file types |
1,306,327,420,000 |
I'm currently writing a bash script that uses inotifywait to perform certain actions on a user-supplied list of files and directories.
It has come to my attention that unlike a lot of shell tools, inotifywait is unable to separate output records with \0. This leaves the possibility of injection attacks with specifica... |
You would need to sanitize watchlist to replace any // with /. Consider a directory named \nabc (where \n is a newline):
$ mkdir t
$ mkdir t/$'\nabc'
$ touch t/$'\nabc'/x
If passed the directory t//$'\nabc' you will see output with bogus // at the end of lines:
$ inotifywait -m -r t//$'\nabc' --format "%e %w%f//"
Se... | Potential workaround to inotifywait can't produce NUL-delimited output |
1,306,327,420,000 |
When I used INotify with /etc/mtab or /proc/mounts, it doesn't detect changes when things mount or unmount, even though /etc/mtab and /proc/mounts both have changed when I check manually. Why is this, and how can I track mounting and unmounting things?
|
From the inotify man page:
various pseudo-filesystems such as /proc, /sys, and /dev/pts are not monitorable with
inotify.
and /etc/mtab is often just a link to /proc/mounts these days.
You can use udisksctl monitor to see mounts happen, or set your own /etc/udev/rules.d/ rule file to run a program when a n... | Why doesn't INotify work with `/etc/mtab` or `/proc/mounts`? [duplicate] |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I am developing software that will utilize inotify to track changes on a large amount of files (tens to hundreds of thousands of files). I have come up with these ideas:
one watch per file
one watch per parent directory
avoid inotify and periodically scan the fs for changes (not preferred)
I will have a database of ... |
When you read() an inotify fd, the name field of the returned struct tells you which file was modified relative to the directory being watched, so you shouldn't have to stat every file in a directory after the event.
See http://linux.die.net/man/7/inotify
Specifically:
struct inotify_event {
int wd; /*... | Efficiency of lots of inotify watches or stat calls |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I have inotifywait(version 3.14) on Linux to monitor a folder that is shared with Samba Version 4.3.9-Ubuntu.
It works if I copy a file from Linux machine to samba share(that is on different machine, under Linux as well).
But if I copy a file from Windows machine inotify won't detect anything.
Spaces or no spaces, rec... |
Ok, its an ugly workaround but for my case it should work in ~90% of cases.
temPrint=/dev/shm/print
fcheck_1=$temPrint/fcheck_1
fcheck_new=$temPrint/fcheck_new
fcheck_old=$temPrint/fcheck_old
fcheck_preprint=$temPrint/fcheck_preprint
fcheck_print=$temPrint/fcheck_print
printDir="/media/smb_share/temp/monitor"
test -d... | inotifywait doesn't monitor Windows users saving to Samba share on Linux |
1,312,853,834,000 |
How to watch for sysfs file changes (like /sys/class/net/eth0/statistics/operstate) and execute a command on content change?
inotify does not work on sysfs
I don't want to poll. I want to set a listener with a callback routine once
|
I have not read the source code that populates operstate, but generally, reading a file in sysfs executes some code on the kernel side that returns the bytes you're reading. So, without you reading operstate, it has no "state". The value is not stored anywhere.
How to watch for sysfs file change
Since these are not ... | How to attach a listener to sysfs files? |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I would like to have a trigger and when a particular file is accessed by some process, I would like to be notified (i.e. a script should be run). If I understand correctly, this could be achieved with inotify.
If I have a file /foo/bar.txt how would I set up inotify to monitor that file?
I am using Debian Wheezy with ... |
According to Gilles on Super User:
Simple, using inotifywait (install your distribution's inotify-tools package):
while inotifywait -e close_write myfile.py; do ./myfile.py; done
This has a big limitation: if some program replaces myfile.py with a different file, rather than writing to the existing myfile, inotifywa... | using inotify to monitor access to a file |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I have a binary file on a Linux server that is being actively appended by a process (written in C with a constantly open file handler and flushing non-ASCII buffer to this file). I would like to replicate this file to another server without locking the write (C process), preferably, and not copying the entire file eve... |
If it's only being appended to (and not modified in the middle), you could just run tail -f on it. It should wait for any newly appended data and print it, and you can tell it what position to start at:
tail -c 0 -f datafile # start at the current file end
tail -c +123 -f datafile # start at byte 123
To a... | Unidirectional syncing/replicate large file incrementally |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I'm trying to make a inotifywait script take different actions for files vs folders if it sees a close_write flag being raised in the watched directory, but cannot seem to get the checks working.
In other scripts I use these kinds of checks all the time and they just_work, but there seems to be something about inotify... |
The following works for me:
Example
Below shows an example of inotifywait using a method similar to your own.
$ inotifywait -r -e close_write "somedir" | while read f; do echo "$f hi";done
Setting up watches. Beware: since -r was given, this may take a while!
Watches established.
I then go into the directory som... | inotifywait different action on file or dir |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I have this command this shows me when a file has been modified under a concrete directory (excluding some paths):
inotifywait -m -q -r --format '%T % e %w%f' --excludei '/trash/' --timefmt '%d/%m/%Y-%H:%M:%S%z' /my/monitored/folder
Is there a way to combine this (or a similar) command with tail, so I can retrieve th... |
In your question you say that you want to scan if a file has been modified, but in your command there's no event specified.
So my answer will use the modify event:
inotifywait -m -q -r \
--format '%T % e %w%f' \
--excludei '/trash/' \
--timefmt '%d/%m/%Y-%H:%M:%S%z' /my/monitored/folder | \
while IFS=' ' read... | How to combine inotify with tail command to print last line of every modified file |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I'm attempting to use part of a one-liner found here: Script to monitor folder for new files?
When I try the following procedure I get no output whatsoever and I cannot figure out why.
In terminal 1:
inotifywait -m ~/somefolder | awk '{ print $3; fflush() }'
Then in terminal 2:
touch ~/somefolder/newfile
When not p... |
As you have found out, mawk buffers its input, so you would probably see effects once your total notify messages have reached some k. The linked article suggests that mawk has a -Winteractive flag to disable it, but I am in position to check that.
| No output from inotifywait | awk |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I am trying to use inotifywait to monitor a folder:
inotifywait -m -r /home/oshiro/Desktop/work_folder
The command works and if I create files in that folder, all seems to work correctly.
While the folder is being monitored, if I delete it, I get the following output:
/home/oshiro/Desktop/work_folder/ MOVE_SELF
/hom... |
First off, if you delete a folder that inotifywait is watching, then, yes, it will stop watching it. The obvious way around that is simply to monitor the directory one level up (you could even create a directory to monitor especially and put your work_folder in there.
However this won't work if you have a folder under... | inotifywait not working when folder is deleted and re-created |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I've just learnt how to constantly check if file is modified:
while inotifywait -q -e modify filename >/dev/null; do
echo "filename is changed"
# do whatever else you need to do
done
If I use a directoryname instead of a filename I can check all files of the directory:
while inotifywait -q -e modify directory... |
inotifywait emits a continuous set of events on the watched directory, so the recommended way would to move the watch out of the while loop and look for events within a new loop that looks on the output of the inotify. Note that this involves removing the --quiet flag, because the read command needs to see those event... | inotify: Echo which file has changed in directory |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I have a simple bash script setup that uses the built-in inotify daemon running CentOS 6.6. The script will simply echo the file that is upload to a specific directory. The script works but it echos out the same filename over 100 times. I can't seem to figure out why it would do that.
#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/inotifywai... |
The modify attribute to inotifywait will notify you whenever the file is modified (i.e. written to). I suggest that you might prefer to replace create and modify with close_write.
| Bash script to detect uploaded files triggers many times for one file |
1,312,853,834,000 |
This is my incrontab line:
/srv/www IN_MODIFY,IN_ATTRIB,IN_CREATE,IN_DELETE,IN_CLOSE_WRITE,IN_MOVE rsync --quiet
--recursive --links --hard-links --perms --acls --xattrs --owner --group --delete --force /var/www_s3/ /var/www
/var/www_s3/ is an s3fs mount. However, it only gets kicked off when a file is modified ma... |
It's often the case that FUSE based filesystems only support a subset of the features that the underlying filesystems support. It's generally some aspect of one or more of these features which is limiting the incrontab entry from detecting the change on the remote side.
At any rate I thought it best to inquire about t... | Incrontab doesn't detect modifications on a s3fs mount |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I'd like to ignore a directory that has not been created at the time I start inotifywait. I have an empty directory test:
ubuntu@foo:~$ ls -lah test/
total 8.0K
drwxrwxr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Sep 5 20:00 .
drwxr-x--- 13 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Sep 5 19:56 ..
I start inotifywait like this:
ubuntu@foo:~$ inotifywait -mr... |
This is easily done by replacing the @ exclusion prefix by the --exclude option with a simple pattern (regular expression). For example,
--exclude /home/ubuntu/test/log'$'
By adding a $ (match end-of-string) we ensure that creating a file such as test/log2 is not also wrongly matched and excluded. Also add a ^ at the... | inotifywait ignore new directory |
1,312,853,834,000 |
awk behaves differently when analyzing the output of tail -f versus inotifywait -m. Specifically I am searching for a matching string and want to exit awk once it appears. This works fine for tail -f, however in the case of inofitywait, awk needs to be triggered twice. Why so?
Reproducible Examples:
Say we are search... |
echo $? runs after the entire pipeline (the code before ||) terminates.
In the case of inotifywait … | awk … || echo … after awk terminates inotifywait still runs. It will get SIGPIPE only if (when) it tries to write more. Try touch test.file again to get to this point and trigger echo.
On the other hand tail in tail ... | awk behaving different with tail vs inotifywait |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I would like to test the software in development by running a particular script, say script file.ext. But I was told that I an not allowed to run the script if a config file, say file.conf, contains a particular string (not a comment with a leading #) which states the system is in production mode.
So in bash, how can... |
One way to achieve this is with grep, e.g.,
grep "^[^#]* in production " file.conf || script file.ext
The part behind the || is only executed if the part before it does not exist with exit code 0 and grep has exit code 0 only if it finds its pattern (the first argument).
I chose a simple pattern "^[^#]* in production... | Alert or execute script, only if config file shows not in production mode |
1,312,853,834,000 |
We have this log in our syslog:
udevd [ PID ]: inotify_add_watch(6, /dev/sda, 10) failed: operation not permitted
Why do we get this error and how do we solve it?
Our environment: Ubuntu 12.04; LXC; we run inside a container; and I am not sure about SELinux (I don't have access) but it's not enabled.
|
Ubuntu12.04: How to disable a daemon process at startup
Debian Bug report logs - #620921
udev: Please detect lxc, and don't try to start there
At the first glance udev events are supported in the container. But for
the sake of optimization, I recommend to not use it as it will trigger
the events in all the cont... | Source of this error: udevd [ PID ]: inotify_add_watch(6, /dev/sda, 10) failed: operation not permitted |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I recently installed Dropbox on my computer running Debian 9.3. But it will not sync. When I mouse over the icon in the notification area of my toolbar, a message says...
Can't monitor Dropbox folder (Click to fix)
Can't access Dropbox folder
When I click the icon, the menu comes up, and I click "Can't monitor Dropbo... |
Based on this AU Q&A titled: How do I fix a “Can't access Dropbox folder” error? it sounds like you could try these to see if they resolve your issue:
$ sudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_instances=256
$ sudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576
If you find this resolves it you can make these permanent. Add the fo... | Can't monitor Dropbox folder |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I have added a systemd service to monitor a path, but it is not working. I touched a .txt file under /tmp/test/, but it is not kicking in my service. I can't see "/tmp/testlog.txt" getting generated. Is there anything wrong in my service?
myservice.path
[Unit]
Description=Path Exists
[Path]
PathExistsGlob=/tmp/test/*... |
That was a timing issue. I added dependency and made this service to start as the very last one. That one solved the issue.
| systemd-path service not working |
1,312,853,834,000 |
I am having an issue with exiting a bash script out of a while loop:
while read -r dir event name; do
case $event in
OPEN)
chown $VHOST:$VHOST $WEBPATH/$name;
echo "The file \"$name\" was created (not necessarily writable)";
;;
WRITE)
echo "The file \"$name\" was written to";
;;
DELET... |
I came up with a solution after searching for a bit.
The problem originates from inotifywait going subshell as @mikeserv stated in the comments above.
So I had to write a cleanup method for it. My script:
#!/bin/bash
#
#
# script for immediatly changing the owner and group of the let's encrypt challenge file in the gi... | Breaking out of while loop with a switch case inside |
1,312,853,834,000 |
In the /etc/incron.allow I added both:
root
USER_1
Then I edited the incrontab so it looks like this:
/var/www/laravel/public/js/main.js IN_MODIFY yui-compressor -o /var/www/laravel/public/js/main.min.js /var/www/laravel/public/js/main.js
I think the issue may have something to do with permissions or perhaps groups ... |
This is probably an issue with the PATH environment in incron. Try to add the full path to your program like this (I am assuming yui-compressor resides in /usr/bin/)
/var/www/laravel/public/js/main.js IN_MODIFY /usr/bin/yui-compressor -o /var/www/laravel/public/js/main.min.js /var/www/laravel/public/js/main.js
to fin... | Using Incrond Inotify but having issues with user groups/permissions |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I need to monitor if, for example, file /tmp/somefile123 was created after some events. I tried to use inotifywait but here is a problem:
# inotifywait -q -e create /tmp/somefile?*
Couldn't watch /tmp/somefile?*: No such file or directory
because there is exactly no such file, I want to know if it will be there!
How ... |
By having inotifywait check on the parent directory:
/tmp$ inotifywait -e create -d -o /home/me/zz /tmp
/tmp$ touch z1
/tmp$ cat ~/zz
/tmp/ CREATE z1
You can also specify the time format for the event with the -timefmt option. Also, if you want to act immediately by executing some script file, for instance, you may u... | How to monitor whether a file was created? |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I upload files for deployment into a remote directory. That remote server has a script that watches the directory for new files:
inotifywait --monitor --event create --format '%f' --quiet /foo
When a new file is detected, the deployment process starts.
The problem is the upload takes time - and the file is detected a... |
As you have experienced, watching for create events isn't very useful: these events trigger when the file is created, but that doesn't tell you if any data has been written to it, nor do you know when something has finished writing data to it.
You will generally want to monitor the close or close_write events. From th... | Debounce inotifywait for large files |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I'm trying to get notification of the state of a problematic sshfs mount
I have tried two bash scripts
while inotifywait -e modify /proc/mounts; do
echo "modified"
done
and
inotifywait -m /proc/mounts |
while read event; do
echo $event
done
To test, I'm running the following sequence, but neither of these scr... |
inotify doesn't work with the proc filesystem. Though they may look as regular files, the files in the proc filesystem don't contain any static data -- the kernel makes up the data on the fly when you read them. For instance, /proc/mounts => /proc/self/mounts has the size 0, but when you read it, it magically happens ... | inotifywait not responding to change in /proc/mounts |
1,377,610,923,000 |
Here is the shell script I've got so far. I want it to check recursively, hence the following options:
-r for recursive
-m for monitoring
-e for event notification and tracking
For a reason unknown to me, this approach isn't working. I'm creating/modifying/deleting files using rm/nano/touch etc and in the terminal I... |
I believe inotifywait -m does not exit causing the while-loop not to run as expected.
while inotifywait -r /home -e create,delete,modify; do { echo "test"; }; done however should work as you expect it.
| How would I use inotifywait to execute a command if a file in a directory is created, deleted or modified? |
1,377,610,923,000 |
man inotifywait:
delete_self
A watched file or directory was deleted. After this event the file or directory is no longer being watched. Note that this event can
occur even if it is not explicitly being listened for.
unmount
The filesystem on which a watched file or directory resides was unmounted. Afte... |
It means you can get these events even if you used the -e option and didn't specify them. For instance, if you use
inotifywait -e modify filename
and the file is deleted, you'll get a delete_self event, even though you only asked for modify events.
This means you need to check the event type in the output, even if yo... | What is mean of "not explicitly being listened" on manual page of inotifywait? |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I have a problem where inotify, no matter what I do, doesn't detect changes in one specific folder. It detects changes in other folders that otherwise are no different. What could be causing this?
inotifywait 3.14
Linux titan 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt25-2+deb8u3 (2016-07-02) x86_64 GNU/Linux
inotify wor... |
Your --exclude (log) pattern matches b**log**.
Use ^log$ instead.
| inotify not working on one specific folder |
1,377,610,923,000 |
On my Debian Buster system I want to run a bash script when a certain file is modified. I have created and enabled a service in /etc/systemd/system which looks like this
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/watch_file.sh
Restart=always
RestartSec=1
StandardOutput=syslog
StandardError=syslog
SyslogIdentifier=backup-chann... |
inotifywait doesn't care about effective UIDs/GIDs - it works on a different level.
The while loop you have here will terminate whenever inotifywait exits with a non-zero return status - perhaps that's your issue:
EXIT STATUS
1 An error occurred in execution of the program, or an event occurred which was not be... | inotify only acts upon modification by root |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I have a folder, inside of which there are a lot of files. I was looking for a way to check whether any file inside that folder has been opened or not. If it is open, I need to get notified. I know this can be done using inotify-wait but have not been able to do so.
Here is my script
MONITORDIR="/home/aniketshivamtiwa... |
As suggested by Rastapopoulos in the comments Here is the solution
First install sudo apt-get install inotify-tools
MONITORDIR="path/to/the/folder"
inotifywait -m -q -e open --format '%w%f' ${MONITORDIR}/* | while read NEWFILE
do
echo "File ${NEWFILE} has been open"
done
| Check whether a file is opened or not |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I'd like to monitor a file with inotify, and trigger some code when someone changes the content (IN_MODIFY or IN_CLOSE_WRITE), but I'm running into problems where inotify stops returning events when users edit the file with their favorite tool. The file is meant to be simple (single line, no spaces, max 20 character... |
As ikkachu mentions, some editors create a new file, then replace the original, changing the inode. That means any watches on the original watch descriptor will expire.
The answer is to look at the parent directory, and check for changes on any file with the target name. Something like this:
namespace fs = std::file... | How to reliably maintain watches on edited files with inotify? |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I want to capture inotify CLOSE_WRITE events in a directory and write CSV info to a history file.
My attempt :
#!/bin/bash
dir=/home/stephen/temp
host=$(hostname)
inotifywait -e close_write -m --timefmt '%Y-%m-%d,%H:%M' --format '%T,$host,%e,%w,%f' $dir | while read event;
do
echo $event
done
This produces
2022-0... |
You can insert any string (even multi-line) stored in a variable or use command substitution as long as you keep in mind the rules that apply to expansion when quoting. Anything inside single quotes will be printed literally. Break single quotes and use double-quotes for variables or command substitution that you want... | inotifywait : insert arbitrary string to output format |
1,377,610,923,000 |
In one terminal I run the following command, which generates lots of directories in /proc over time:
$ while true; do /bin/echo helloworld | cat -; echo $$; sleep 3s; done
Then after several minutes, I inspect the output of inotifywatch, which contains only a few directories:
$ sudo inotifywatch --recursive /proc -v
E... |
You cannot watch /proc or any other pseudo-fs with inotify.
From inotify(7):
Inotify reports only events that a user-space program triggers
through the filesystem API. As a result, it does not catch remote
events that occur on network filesystems. (Applications must fall
back to polling the filesystem to catch such... | Why isn't `inotifywatch --recursive /proc -v` able to see all created directories in `/proc`? |
1,377,610,923,000 |
Some months ago I realized when I am writing a new post on my blog (with Hugo), the feature to reload the contents as files changes stopped working.
I waited in order to see if it was a problem with hugo, but the problem is with my Gentoo. For example, if I rename a file, the file manager does not see it immediately, ... |
I found the problem!, accidentally
I am working with ensime, and in its logs I saw this exception:
java.lang.Exception: java.io.IOException: User limit of inotify watches reached
So I just needed to increase the number of files that can be watch in systemctl:
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=32768
Now everything is wo... | System unable to detect renamed/new files |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I have a directory to monitor. When it is updated, I run some command via incron. When multiple files are copied in this directory, incron execute multiple commands at the same time. Is there any way that when one job of incron is running, the second job should not run?. I have followed this tutorial for guidance.
|
No, incron doesn't have a built-in lock feature. If you want to prevent jobs from running at the same time, do it from within the job.
If you want to delay a job until the previous one(s) have finished, make them take a lock. You can use the flock command. There are examples in the man page.
If you want to skip a job ... | Allow one entry at a time in incron job? |
1,377,610,923,000 |
First it is my first time writing a bash script so I apologize if this is trivial. I am trying to setup a watch so every time a jpg file is uploaded to a specific folder, it gets converted to webp using cwebp. after googling the web, it seemed that using inotifywait is the best way (please let me know if that is not c... |
The inotifywait script you had was using -e create instead of -e close_write; the difference is that the create event will fire off before data has been written to the file; thus, cwebp had "0 bytes of data from file".
From the inotifywait page you referenced:
create
A file or directory was created within a watched... | convert a jpg file after being uploaded using inotifywait |
1,377,610,923,000 |
There are two RHEL 7.2 linux servers located in different places. Both have same directory structure. Requirement is to keep certain directories of both servers in sync, i.e any modification in server1 should get reflected in server2 and vise versa, but if some file gets deleted locally it should not get deleted from ... |
The problem was due to temporary file creation as suggested in other answers. It got resolved when I added --temp-dir=/tmp as an rsync option.
| Sync same directories between two linux servers |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I'm scripting a special program to my company.
By using Inotifywait from inotify-tools, I'm watching a specific folder for new items, and as soon a new file appears, it will be encrypted with gpg and moved to another folder for further treatment.
For a single file, it works fine, but I noticed a problem: When a new fi... |
Don't run inotifywait repeatedly, run it once in the monitor mode and read from its output:
inotifywait -m ... |
while read dir event file ; do
...
done
| Use Inotifywait to handle multiple files at the same time |
1,377,610,923,000 |
Trying to use split with inotifywait which basically splits the file when the file is created from ftp-server.
#!/bin/bash
TARGET=/home/test-directory/incoming
SPLITTED=/home/test-directory/incoming/splitted
PROCESSED=/home/test-directory/incoming/processed
LOGFILE=/var/log/inotify-ftp.log
inotifywait -m -e create ... |
That would be because the file is zero-length when it is created. There is a race condition, where split figures out the size of the file, and decides how to split it up, while ftp-server is happily making it bigger all the time.
It would be wise to figure a mechanism where the split waits for the file to arrive compl... | Split behaving weird in bash |
1,377,610,923,000 |
I have of bash script with a loop watching a directory recursively:
while true
do
if path=`inotifywait -q -r -e create --format %w%f $watchpath`; then
#modify file
fi
done
If I'm not mistaken this comes with this problem:
If many files are created in that directory or the machine is busy with other ta... |
One way is to run inotifywait in monitor mode, e.g:
inotifywait -m -q -r -e create --format '%w%f' "$watchpath" |
while read -r path; do
: # do something with path
done
There still will be a race between processes though, I'm not sure there is a way to avoid race conditions using shell utilities.
Even... | Reliability of inotifywait loop |
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