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114100
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145452
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114100
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Zam Department
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Zam is a department or commune of Ganzourgou Province in Burkina Faso. Its capital is the town of Zam.
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114101
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9986922
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114101
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Zorgho Department
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Zorgho is a department or commune of Ganzourgou Province in Burkina Faso. Its capital is the town of Zorgho.
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114102
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1161309
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114102
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Srinagar
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Srinagar (, ) is a city and the capital of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is on the banks of the Jhelum River, in Northern Kashmir valley. Majority of the population are ethnic Kashmiris who speak the Kashmiri language ("Koshur"). The majority of people are Muslim.
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114103
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145452
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114103
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Zoungou Department
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Zoungou is a department or commune of Ganzourgou Province in Burkina Faso. Its capital is the town of Zoungou.
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114105
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532461
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114105
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Ganzourgou Province
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Ganzourgou is a province of Burkina Faso. The province is divided into 8 departments:
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114107
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13112
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114107
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Ganzourgou
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114108
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405020
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114108
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Anantnag
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ISLAMABAD/ANANTNAG(Kashmiri: اننت ناگ /Anaṁtnāg/, meaning abode of springs and lakes), is a city and a municipality located in the Anantnag District in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. About 180,000 people live in Anantnag.
Anantnag is the third largest city of the Indian administered Jammu and Kashmir by population and largest according to area. It is also regarded as the commercial and financial capital of the Valley of Kashmir. It is the largest business and trading center of the valley. it is also known as Islamabad.
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114110
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10132457
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114110
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Religions of Pakistan
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Religions of Pakistan have diverse beliefs and practices. As of 2024, Islam is the major and official religion in Pakistan. More than 90% of the people follow Islam. 80% are Sunni and <20% Shia muslims. Second largest religion in Pakistan is Hinduism. Between 2% and 4% are Hindus. At third is Christianity (Mostly Catholic and Protestant) followed by 1.6% of the total population.
The Constitution of Pakistan gives freedom of religion for individuals of different faiths and sects. Other religions followed in Pakistan include Christianity, Sikhism, Zoroastrianism, Baha'i Faith, Ahmadiyya, Buddhism, Judaism and others.
Christianity.
Christians are the largest minority group in Pakistan. They live all over the country. Pakistani Christians belong to many ethnic groups and speak many languages. There are many different churches, and many different types of churches, in most cities in Pakistan.
Although Pakistani Christians do not only do one type of job, they have often done a lot of work in areas like health care, education, railways and the police force. They are also starting to do a lot of work in the civil and defence services.
Hinduism.
Hindus are the second biggest minority in Pakistan.
These are people (and children of people) who followed the Hindu religion during the days when Pakistan and India were together. In those days, they were part of the lowest caste. They were called "untouchable," and had to do work that no one else would do. In a "caste system," there are different groups of people who are thought of as more or less important than each other. People would become a member of their caste when they were born, because their parents were part of that group. The lowest caste was thought of as the least important of all.
In Pakistan today, the law says that people are not allowed to treat this group badly. But people still do treat them badly, and make them do jobs that do not pay much money. Now some of these low-caste people are going to school and getting better jobs.
The Hindus of Pakistan are mostly found in Sindh, where they do a lot of farming. In the larger cities (like the city of Karachi), Hindus do a lot of buying and selling. They celebrate the Hindu holy days with all their traditional colour.
Ahmadiyya.
The Ahmadis follow the things Mirza Ghulam Ahmad taught at the end of the 1800s. Their doctrine (religious beliefs) is very close to Islam on most points. However, the Ahmadis do not believe that Mohammad was God's last Prophet.
The Ahmadis do not call themselves non-Muslim. Only in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan written by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto after the secession of East Pakistan they were declared non-Muslim.
Ahmadis are mainly of Punjabi origin (from the Punjab area of India and Pakistan). They do all kinds of Humanitarian work not only in Pakistan, but all over the world.
Zoroastrianism.
The Parsis or Zoroastrians are a very small minority who live mostly in Pakistan's larger cities. Almost all of them work in business. Some of Pakistan's most successful shipping businessmen are Parsis. The richer members of this community are well-known for their philanthropic activities (giving money to people or organizations, with the goal of helping them or doing good).
Buddhism.
There are very few Buddhists in Pakistan. However, their ancestors' culture made a difference in Pakistan. Many ancient Buddhist temples, schools, and cities have been found by archaeologists in Pakistan.
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114119
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532461
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114119
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Creston, Iowa
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Creston is a city in and the county seat of Union County, Iowa, United States. The population was 7,536 at the 2020 census.
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114122
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1328310
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114122
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Fate (opera)
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Fate (in Czech: "Osud"), is an opera by the Czech composer Leoš Janáček.
Janáček wrote this opera between 1903 and 1905. His daughter Olga had died shortly before he began to compose it. He had also just finished his opera "Jenůfa" which has a tragic ending for the young girl in the story.
The young lady who wrote the libretto (words) for Janáček had been one of his daughter’s close friends. She wrote using the name Tálská. Janáček thought the opera had autobiographical ideas. He also wanted a change from writing about simple, country people as he had done in "Jenůfa", so the people in the story of "Fate" belong to the upper classes, the rich people of society.
The story of the opera is quite strange and unbelievable. It has often been criticized for not being logical. The story consists of lots of little scenes which make the story jump about. The language of the libretto is very deliberately old-fashioned. Czech people who have worked with this opera have often felt that this formal language has made it hard for audiences to understand. Some people have felt that when the opera is sung in other languages it is sometimes better because the language sounds more real.
Nevertheless, although the opera has had these criticisms, the music is some of the best music that Janáček wrote.
Story of the opera.
The story takes place at the beginning of the 20th century, which was the time in which Janáček was composing it.
In Act I Gentlemen, students and young girls are walking about in a health resort. The men are interested in a girl called Míla. Míla sees a young man called Živný in the crowd. Živný is a composer. He and Míla used to be lovers. They had a child. She tells Živný that it was her mother who made them split up so that she could marry someone rich. Her mother had made her move away from Prague to give birth to the child in the country. The two lovers now want to forget their unhappy past and live together with their little son Doubek.
Act II takes place several years later. They have been living together happily. Míla’s mother lives with them but has gone mad. While the lovers read the story of an opera which seems to tell of their own lives, the mother screams and Živný tears up the music of the opera. The mother grabs her daughter and throws herself and Míla down the steep staircase.
Act III takes place in a music conservatory eleven years later. Živný’s students, one of whom is their son Doubek, are singing music from an opera that Živný has composed. Živný himself is like the hero of his opera. The last part of the opera has not yet been composed. The students act out a scene from Doubek’s childhood and make fun of it. Živný talks about his opera. A storm comes up and he is killed by lightning. His opera will never be finished.
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3650
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114123
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Autobiographical
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114124
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111904
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114124
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Dwarf Allosaur
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114127
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1657009
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114127
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Social network service
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A social network is a website or service where people talk to or connect with other people. A Social Network Service can connect people with the same interests (like football, schools, dogs) and friends.
Social Networking was first proposed in the early development of the World Wide Web.
The most popular websites like Facebook and Twitter are helping to speed up the process of communication. Phone and mail services are slowly becoming less popular thanks to a quick and easy way of sharing messages through such networks.
A social network is used for people to get to know each other more and create new friends/connections.
Many social networks are available on phones and smartphones.
A 2011 survey found that 47% of American adults use a social networking service. Hispanics and African Americans are more likely to use social media.
Nigerians are more likely to spend more time on social media.
African Americans often use social media more than any other ethnicity or racial group.
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114128
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1508758
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114128
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Spa town
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A spa town, or simply spa, is a town that many people go to for health reasons. There is usually a spring there, or several springs. The water that comes from these springs is good for curing many illnesses. When people go to a spa town to get better we say that they go to "take the waters".
The word "spa" comes from the Belgian town Spa. In continental Europe a spa was called a "ville d'eau" (town of water). The term "spa" is used for towns or resorts which offer hydrotherapy (making people better with water). This can include cold water or mineral water treatments and hot spring baths.
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114131
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3650
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114131
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Health resort
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114135
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13132
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114135
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Ushojo language
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114144
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22027
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114144
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List of Major League Baseball players
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This is a list of Major League Baseball players by last name.
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114145
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551548
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114145
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Vallon-Pont-d'Arc
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Vallon-Pont-d'Arc is a commune of the Ardèche "département" in the southern part of France.
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114148
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314522
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114148
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Ain
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Ain is a department in the east of France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It is named after the river Ain. Its prefecture is Bourg-en-Bresse.
History.
Ain is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Bourg-en-Bresse as is capital. It was formed with four former provinces: Bresse, Bugey, Dombes, Pays de Gex and part of the province of Franc-Lyonnais.
It was divided in nine districts: Pont-de-Vaux, Bourg, Nantua, Gex, Belley, Saint-Rambert, Montluel, Trévoux and Châtillon-les-Dombes.
The department was called "départment of Bresse" but in 1791 was changed to its present name: "départment de l'Ain".
In 1798, Gex was separated from Ain for the creation of the old department of Léman.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the nine districts were changed into four "arrondissements": Bourg, Belley, Nantua and Trévoux.
The department of Léman was eliminated in 1814 and Gex was again part of the department of Ain. In 1815, some "communes" of Gex are passed to Switzerland and the "arrondissement" of Gex is created.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissements" of Gex and Trévoux were eliminated but in 1933 Gex was made again an "arrondissement".
Geography.
Ain is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It has an area of .
The department borders with Switzerland and 6 other departments in 2 regions:
The territory of the Ain department is formed by five regions:
The lowest point of the department is on the Rhône river, high.
Several rivers flow through the department; the main rivers are the Rhône, the Ain and the Saône. The largest natural lake is the Nantua lake, with an area of .
Climate.
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Château-Gaillard (Ain) is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Marine West Coast Climate) and of the subtype Cfb.
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Château-Gaillard is . The month with the most precipitation on average is October with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Château-Gaillard is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration.
Ain is managed by the "Departmental Council of Ain" in Bourg-en-Bresse. The department is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 4 "arrondissements" (districts), 23 "cantons" and 410 "communes" (municipalities) in Ain.
The following is a list of the 23 cantons of the Ain department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
There is not an official demonym for the inhabitants of the Ain department; people are named after the regions:
Ain had a population, in 2014, of 626,127, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Bourg-en-Bresse, with 354,177 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.
The "communes" in the department with more than 8,000 inhabitants are:
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114150
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314522
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114150
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Aisne
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Aisne is a department in the north of France, in the Hauts-de-France region. It is named after the Aisne river, a tributary of the Oise. Its prefecture is Laon.
History.
Aisne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Laon as its capital. It was formed from parts of the former provinces of Île-de-France (Laon, Soissons, Noyon,and Valois), Picardy (Thiérache Vermandois), and Champagne (Brie and Omois).
It was divided into six districts: Château-Thierry, Chauny, Laon, Saint-Quentin, Soissons and Vervins.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the six districts were changed into five "arrondissements": Château-Thierry, Laon, Saint-Quentin, Soissons and Vervins.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry was eliminated but in 1942 it was again made an "arrondissement".
Geography.
Aisne is part of the Hauts-de-France region. It has an area of .
The department borders with Belgium and 6 other departments in 3 regions:
The territory of the Aisne department is formed by low plateaus and small hills. The highest point in the department, and in the Hauts-de-France region, is "Le Chêne Nain" () in the Ardennes forest on the border with the Ardennes department and near the border with Belgium; it is high.
The southern part of the department is the geographical region known as "la Brie poilleuse", a drier plateau known for its dairy products and Brie cheese.
Several rivers flow through the department; the main rivers are the Scheldt/Escaut, the Aisne, the Marne, the Ourcq, the Vesle, the Somme, the Oise, and the Serre.
Climate.
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Laon is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Marine West Coast Climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Laon is . The month with the most precipitation on average is July with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is March with an average of .
In Laon, there is an average of of snow. The month with the most snow is February, with of snow.
The average temperature for the year in Laon is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration.
Aisne is managed by the "Departmental Council of Aisne" in Laon. The department is part of the Hauts-de-France region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 5 "arrondissements" (districts), 21 "cantons" and 804 "communes" (municipalities) in Aisne.
The following is a list of the 21 cantons of the Aisne department, following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
The inhabitants of Aisne are known, in French, as "Axonais" (women: "Axonaises"), from the Celtic name of the Aisne river, "Axona".
Aisne had a population, in 2014, of 539,783, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Laon, with 165,489 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with the most inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Aisne
The 10 "communes" in the department with more inhabitants are:
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114151
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314522
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114151
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Allier
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Allier is a department in the centre of France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It is named after the river Allier, a tributary of the Loire. Its prefecture is Moulins.
History.
Allier is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Moulins as its capital. It was formed from most of all the former province of "Bourbonnais" (the Duchy of Bourbonnais); Saint-Amand-Montrond, in the Cher department, was the only part of the old province that was not made part of Allier.
It was divided in seven districts: Cérilly, Moulins, Le Donjon, Cusset, Gannat, Montmarault and Montluçon.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the seven districts were changed into four "arrondissements": Moulins, Gannat, Lapalisse and Montluçon.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Gannat was eliminated and in 1941 Vichy became the capital of one "arrondissement" of the department instead of Lapalisse.
In 1940, during World War II, the city of Vichy was the capital of Vichy France.
Geography.
Allier is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It has an area of .
It is long from east to west and wide from north to south.
The department borders with 6 other departments in 4 regions:
There are four main geographical zones in the department:
The main rivers in the department are:
Climate.
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Nevers is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".
There are two periods of maximum precipitation in June and October and a minimum in January and February with average of Montluçon (altitude: 207 m), in Moulins (245 m) in Vichy (251 m); and in Lapalisse (285 m).
Administration.
Allier is managed by the "Departmental Council of Allier" in Moulins. The department is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 3 "arrondissements" (districts), 19 "cantons" and 317 "communes" (municipalities) in Allier.
The following is a list of the 19 cantons of the Allier department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
There is not a traditional demonym to name the inhabitants of the Allier department. Some names used are "Alliérins", "Bourbonnais", "Elavérins", or simply "habitants de l'Allier" ("inhabitants of Allier").
Of these names, the most used is "Bourbonnais" followed by "habitants de l'Allier".
Allier had a population, in 2014, of 343,062, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Vichy, with 122,267 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Allier
The 10 "communes" in the department with more inhabitants are:
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114153
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314522
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114153
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Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
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Alpes-de-Haute-Provence () is a department in the south of France, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Its prefecture is Digne-les-Bains.
Until 1970, the department was named as "Basses-Alpes".
History.
The department of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, with the name of "Nord-de-Provence" was one of the 83 original departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 but soon its name was changed to "Haute-Provence" and then to "Basses-Alpes".
It was divided in five districts: Barcelonnette, Castellane, Digne, Forcalquier and Sisteron. with Digne as its capital.
On 12 August 1793, the department of Vaucluse was created from parts of the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône, Drôme, and Basses-Alpes. Basses-Alpes lost the canton of Sault of Vaucluse. Seventeen years later, in 1810, the canton of Barcillonnette was transferred over to Hautes-Alpes.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the five districts were changed into five "arrondissements": Barcelonnette, Castellane, Digne, Forcalquier and Sisteron.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissements" of Castellane and Sisteron were eliminated and in 1942 Castellane was made again an arrondissement of the department.
During World War II, the department was occupied by the fascist Italy.
The name of the capital, Digne, was changed to Digne-les-Bains in 1988 and on 13 April 1970 the department of Basses-Alpes was renamed Alpes-de-Haute-Provence.
Geography.
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence is part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. It has an area of .
The department is surrounded by Italy and five departments in two regions:
The highest point is "Aiguille de Chambeyron" (), in the "commune" of Saint-Paul-sur-Ubaye, to the northeast of the Ubaye valley; it is . Other high mountains in the department are "Brec de Chambeyron" (), "Pics de la Font Sancte" (), "Grand Bérard", () and "Tête de Siguret" ().
The main river in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence is the Durance, a tributary of the Rhône river and that flows through the west of the department. Its main tributaries are the Bléone and Verdon.
The Var river flows through the eastern part of the department.
Climate.
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at the Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban airport is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban is . The month with the most precipitation on average is October with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration.
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence is managed by the "Departamental Council of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence" in Digne-les-Bains. The department is part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 4 "arrondissements" (districts), 15 "cantons" and 198 "communes" (municipalities) in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence.
The following is a list of the 15 cantons of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
The inhabitants of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence are known, in French, as "Bas-Alpins" (women: "Bas-Alpines"), referring to the department of "Basses-Alpes" which was the former name of the department until 13 April 1970.
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence had a population, in 2014, of 161,588, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Forcalquier, with 88,333 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
The 10 "communes" in the department with more inhabitants are:
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114155
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314522
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114155
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Hautes-Alpes
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Hautes-Alpes () is a department in southeastern France, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. It is named after the Alps mountain range and its prefecture (capital) is Gap.
History.
The department of the Hautes-Alpes was one of the 83 original departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with the southeastern part of the old province of the Dauphiné.
It was divided in four districts: Briançon, Embrun, Gap and Serres, with Chorges as its capital but during that same year the capital was moved to Gap.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the four districts were changed into three "arrondissements": Gap, Briançon and Embrun.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Embrun was eliminated.
After the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, the department was occupied by troops from Austria and of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
During World War II, the department was occupied by the fascist Italy.
Geography.
Hautes-Alpes is part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. It has an area of .
The department is surrounded by the Piedmont region (Italy) and four departments in two regions:
Hautes-Alpes is in the Alps mountain range. The average elevation is over . The third highest commune in all of Europe is the village of Saint-Véran. Gap and Briançon are the highest prefecture and subprefecture in France.
The highest point is "Barre des Écrins" (), in the "commune" of Pelvoux; it is high. The lowest point is in the valley of the Buëch river, with an altitude of .
The main rivers in Hautes-Alpes are the Durance, a tributary of the Rhône river, Buëch and Drac.
Climate.
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Embrun is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Marine West Coast Climate) and of the subtype "Cfc".
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Embrun is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Embrun is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration.
Hautes-Alpes is managed by the "Departmental Council of Hautes-Alpes" in Gap. The department is part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 2 "arrondissements" (districts), 15 "cantons" and 167 "communes" (municipalities) in Hautes-Alpes.
The following is a list of the 15 cantons of the Hautes-Alpes department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
The inhabitants of Hautes-Alpes are known, in French, as "Haut-Alpins" (women: "Haut-Alpines").
Hautes-Alpes had a population, in 2013, of 139,883, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Gap, with 104,131 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Hautes-Alpes
The "communes" in the department with more inhabitants are:
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114157
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314522
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114157
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Ardennes (department)
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Ardennes is a department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France named after the Ardennes forest. Its prefecture is the city of Charleville-Mézières.
History.
Ardennes is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Mézières as is capital. It was formed with the former province of Champagne, the principalities of Sedan and Argonne and other territories.
It was divided in six districts: Charleville, Grandpré, Rethel, Rocroi, Sedan and Vouziers.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the six districts were changed into five "arrondissements": Mézières, Rethel, Rocroi, Sedan and Vouziers.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissements" of Rocroi and Sedan were eliminated but in 1942 Sedan was made again an "arrondissement".
The "communes" of Charleville and Mézières are joined to form the new "commune" of Charleville-Mézières; it was named the capital of the department.
Geography.
Ardennes is part of the Grand Est region. It has an area of .
The department borders with Belgium (Namur and Luxembourg provinces) and 3 other departments in 2 regions:
The highest point of the department is "Croix-Scaille" () with an altitude of high.; it is found between the French "commune" of Hautes-Rivières and the Belgian "commune" of Gedinne.
The lowest point is on the Aisne river in Brienne-sur-Aisne, high.
Several rivers flow through the department; the main rivers are the Meuse, in the north, and the Aisne, in the south.
Climate.
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Charleville-Mézières is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Marine West Coast Climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Charleville-Mézières is . The month with the most precipitation on average is November with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is June with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Charleville-Mézières is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration.
Ardennes is managed by the "Departmental Council of Ardennes" in Charleville-Mézières. The department is part of the Grand Est region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 4 "arrondissements" (districts), 19 "cantons" and 452 "communes" (municipalities) in Ardennes.
The following is a list of the 19 cantons of the Ardennes department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
The inhabitants of the Ardennes department are known, in French, as "Ardennais" (women: "Ardennaises"),
Ardennes had a population, in 2014, of 279,715, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Charleville-Mézières, with 160,939 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in the Ardennes
The main "communes" in the department are:
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Gap
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Gap or The Gap may refer to:
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Ariège (department)
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Ariège (; ) is a department in the region of Occitanie in southern France; it is named after the Ariège river that flows through the department.
Its capital is the city of Foix but the city with the largest population is Pamiers.
History.
The department was inhabited in prehistoric times, as evidenced by the presence of caves with cave paintings and dolmens. In historical times it was inhabited by Basque people; they settled on the northern side of the Pyrenees and in the valleys below. In 415 it became part of the kingdom of the Visigoths, until their defeat at the hands of the king of the Franks in 507.
Ariège was created in 1790 during the French Revolution, when the whole of France was divided into departments, replacing the old provinces. Ariège was created combining the counties of Foix (Languedoc) and Couserans (Gascogne).
Geography.
Ariège is part of the Occitanie region and has an area of .
The department is surrounded by the French departments of Haute-Garonne to the west and north, Aude to the east, and Pyrénées-Orientales in the southeast, as well as Spain (Lleida) and Andorra in the south.
Natural regions.
There are three main natural regions in the department:
The highest mountain in the department is the "Pica d'Estats" () that is high and is on the Spain-France border. Other high mountains are the "peak of Montcalm" (3,077 m) and the "Pic de Sotllo" (3,072 m).
The main river is the Ariège river, a tributary of the Garonne river. Another important river is the Lèze, a tributary of the Ariège.
Climate.
Two main types of climate are found in Ariège:
Temperatures are mild in the foothills, e.g. at the city of Foix (400 metres) the average is 5 °C in January and 19 °C in July. However, they decline rapidly with elevation, e.g. at l'Hospitalet-près-l'Andorre (1,430 m) it is 0 °C in January and 14 °C in July.
Administration.
The department is managed by the "Departamental Council of the Ariège" in Foix. Ariège is part of the region of Occitanie.
Administrative divisions.
There are 3 "arrondissements" (districts), 13 "cantons" and 332 "communes" (municipalities) in Ariège.
The following is a list of the 13 cantons of the Ariège department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
The inhabitants of Ariège are known, in French, as "ariègeois" (women: "ariègeoises").
Ariège has a population, in 2014, of 152,574, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Pamiers, with 73,702 inhabitants, is by far the one with more inhabitants. The other two, Foix and Saint-Girons, have respectively 51,473 and 27,399 inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Ariège
About 25% of the population lives in the four "communes" with 6,000 or more inhabitants.
The 10 most important cities in the department are:
Economy.
Agriculture is an important activity in Ariege. Only a small part of its territory is used by farmers; only , 27% of its total area, are used for agriculture in the Ariege.
The Ariège plain is the most fertile area of the department; here farmers grow maize, wheat, sunflower and other crops. The other natural regions are not good for agriculture and are covered with forests or are used for pastures for sheep, cattle and horses.
In the Ax valleys, the mining of talc is the most typical activity. This industry is supplemented by tourism for winter sports.
Hydroelectric production is about one-fifth of the production in the Pyrenees. The hydroelectric plant at Aston has the largest annual production capacity in the Pyrenees.
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Aube
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Aube is a department in northeast France named after the Aube river. The prefecture (capital) of Aube is Troyes.
History.
Aube is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Troyes as its capital. It was divided in six districts: Nogent-sur-Seine, Arcis-sur-Aube, Bar-sur-Aube, Bar-sur-Seine, Ervy, and Troyes.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the six districts were changed into five "arrondissements": Arcis-sur-Aube, Bar-sur-Aube, Bar-sur-Seine, Nogent-sur-Seine and Troyes.
After the Battle of Waterloo (18 June 1815), the department was occupied by the Russian army from June 1815 to November 1818.
On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissements" of Arcis-sur-Aube et Bar-sur-Seine were eliminated.
Geography.
The Aube department is in the southwest of the Grand Est region. It is surrounded by 5 departments in 3 regions:
The area of Aube is . Its highest point is in the "Bois du Mont" in the "commune" Champignol-lez-Mondeville in the southeast of the department. It is high (). The lowest point is high in the "commune" La Motte-Tilly in the west of the department.
The main rivers in the department are the Seine, the Aube (tributary of the Seine), the Amance (tributary of the Armançon), and the Vanne (a tributary of the Yonne).
Climate.
The area around Troyes, at an altitude of about , has few extremes of temperature. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Troyes is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb".
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Troyes is . The month with the most precipitation on average is November with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Troyes is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration.
Aube is managed by the "Departmental Council of Aube" in Troyes. The department is part of the Grand Est region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 3 "arrondissements" (districts), 17 "cantons" and 431 "communes" (municipalities) in Aube.
This is a list of the 17 cantons of the Aube department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
People who live in Aube are called "Aubois" (women: "Auboises").
Aube had a population, in 2014, of 308,094, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Troyes, with 225,184 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Aube
The "communes" with more inhabitants in the Aube department are:
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Aude
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Aude is a department in the region of Occitanie in southern France. It is named after the Aude river.
The inhabitants of the Aude are known, in French, as "Audois" (women: "Audoises").
History.
Aude was created in 1790 during the French Revolution, when the whole of France was divided into departments, replacing the old provinces. Aude was formed with part of the old province of Languedoc.
It was divided in six districts: Castelnaudary, Carcassonne, Narbonne, Lagrasse, Limoux and Quillan, with Carcassonne as is capital.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the six districts were changed into four "arrondissements": Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Limoux and Narbonne. On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Castelnaudary was eliminated.
Early forms of habitation.
A skull was found, and named "Homme de Tautavel" (Tautavel Man). It was found in a cave on the site called Caune de l'Arago, near Tautavel. The fossils are between 300.000 and 450.000 years old. There are over 80 fragments; the skull belonged to a man in his twenties. He was about 1.65 m, and weighed around 45–55 kg. Other remains are two mandibles, belonging to a woman in her fifties, and to a man, about 20 to 25 years old. It looks like they did not know how to use fire yet. It also looks like they might have been cannibals, or that they preferred to scavenge for food, rather than hunt. Some bones of rhinoceros, horses, wild sheep (called Mouflon), Tahrs (resemble wild goats), Muskox (a type of bovine), deer, and reindeer were found in the cave. There is an ongoing debate if this hominian is directly related to the Neanderthal. If they are not they would be Homines erecti (currently they are classified as H. erectus Tautavelensis). If they are direct predecessors of the Neanderthals, they would be Homo heidelbergensis.
Geography.
Aude has an area of . It is surrounded by the departments of Pyrénées-Orientales, Ariège, Haute-Garonne, Tarn, and Hérault, with the Gulf of Lion (Mediterranean Sea) on the east.
The main river in the department is the Aude river which gives its name to the department. Other important rivers are Fresquel and Orbieu; these two rivers are tributaries of the Aude river.
The highest point in the department is the Pic de Madrès (), in the French Pyrenees; it is high.
Administration.
The département is managed by the "Departamental Council of Aude" in Carcassonne. Aude is part of the region of Occitanie.
Administrative divisions.
There are 3 "arrondissements" (districts), 19 "cantons" and 436 "communes" (municipalities) in Aude.
The following is a list of the 19 cantons of the Aude department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics.
The Aude department has a population, in 2014, of 365,478, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Carcassonne, with 161,442 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The other two "arrondissements", Limoux and Narbonne, have respectively 44,467 and 159,569 inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Aude
The main cities in the department are:
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Warner Bros. Records
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Nonesuch Records
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Ariege
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Tautavel man
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Tautavel man is the name of an extinct hominian. They lived about 300.000-450.000 years ago., It is named after fossils found in a cave on the site named Caune de l'Arago, near Tautavel, France. The first fossils were found there in 1971. The fossils date from between 300.000 and 450.000 years ago. They consist of over 80 fragments; the skull found (pictured) belonged to a man in his twenties. He was about 1.65 m, and weighted around 45–55 kg. Other remains are two mandibles, belonging to a woman in her fifties, and to a man, about 20–25 years old. It looks like they did not know how to use fire yet. It also looks like they might have been cannibals, or that they preferred to scavenge for food, rather than hunt. Bones of rhinoceros, horses, wild sheep (called Mouflon), Tahrs (resemble wild goats), Muskox (some kind of bovine), deer, and reindeer have been found in the cave.
There is an ongoing debate if this hominid is directly related to the Neanderthal. If they are not, they would be Homines erecti. If they are direct predecessors of the Neanderthals, they would be Homo heidelbergensis. It has been proposed to classify them as "Homo erectus Tautavelensis".
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114183
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1597964
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=114183
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Baseball glove
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A baseball glove, or mitt, is a leather glove that baseball players use to catch a baseball that are hit by a batter or thrown by a fielder.
History.
Catcher Doug Allison in 1870 was the first ever to wear baseball gloves. Doug's hands were split and cracked open from catching in other games earlier in the week. He chose to wear something that would protect his hands so that they wouldn't be damaged more, so he wore baseball gloves, but he was laughed at and mocked by his teammates.
Five years later in 1875, Charlie Waitt, a St. Louis outfielder and first baseman who in 1875 used a pair of flesh-colored gloves, but he was also laughed by his teammates. Although baseball gloves were not used very much at first when they were first made, more and more baseball players started to use baseball gloves over time, probably when baseball star Albert Spalding began playing first base with a baseball glove. When he started to wear them, more infielders started to use gloves also because he was famous. Before the mid 1890s, baseball gloves were worn normally by baseball players. Soon, all baseball players started to wear baseball gloves.
In , Bill Doak, a pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals, suggested that a web be placed between the first finger and the thumb in order to create a pocket. This design soon became added to baseball gloves and webbed gloves were starting to be used by all baseball players.
Since the baseball glove was invented, they have grown to what they look like today. While catching in baseball was two handed, gloves grew to a size that made it easier to catch the ball in the webbing of the glove, and use the off-hand to keep it from falling out. A glove is worn on the non-dominant hand, leaving the dominant hand for throwing the ball; for example, a right-handed player would wear a glove on the left hand. By convention, the type of glove that fits on the left hand is called a "right-handed" or "RH" glove.
The shape and size of the baseball glove is decided by official baseball rules; Section 1.00, Objectives of the Game, defines limits of catcher's, first baseman's and fielder's glove in parts 1.12, 1.13 and 1.14.
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Product (chemistry)
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In chemistry, the products are the final result of a chemical reaction. The reaction changes reactants into products. In more complex processes in the chemical industry, "product" usually means the main chemical that people want to make, while other products are called byproducts.
For example, glucose and oxygen are the products of photosynthesis:
The reactants are water and carbon dioxide. Generally, plants release the oxygen and use the glucose, so oxygen is a byproduct.
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Cy Young Award
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In baseball, the Cy Young Award is an honor given to the best pitcher in the Major League Baseball. The award was first introduced in 1956 by Commissioner Ford Frick in honor of Hall of Fame pitcher Cy Young, who died in 1955. The award was given to the best pitcher in the major leagues. In 1967, the year after Frick retired as Commissioner, the practice began of honoring one pitcher in each league, the American League, and the National League. The 2023 American League Cy Young Award winner was Gerrit Cole of the New York Yankees, and the 2023 National League Cy Young Award winner was Blake Snell of the San Diego Padres.
Each league's award is voted on by two members of the Baseball Writers Association of America in each league city, meaning 28 ballots are cast for the American League winner, and 32 for the National League. Each places a vote for first, second, and third place among the pitchers of each league. The formula used to calculate the final scores is a weighted sum of the votes: <samp>Score = 5F + 3S + T</samp>, where "F" is the number of first place votes, "S" is second place votes, and "T" is third place votes. The pitcher with the highest score in each league wins the award. If two pitchers receive the same number of votes, the award is shared between the two.
The current formula started with the 1970 season. Prior to that, writers only voted for the best pitcher and used a formula of one point per vote.
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Social networking
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Ke Huy Quan
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Ke Huy Quan (born August 20, 1971) is a Vietnamese-American actor, stunt choreographer and former child actor. In 2023, he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in "Everything Everywhere All at Once" (2022).
Early life.
Quan Kế Huy was born in August 20, 1970 in Saigon, South Vietnam. Three years after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, Quan left Vietnam with his family. Some of his family fled to Hong Kong, while Quan's mother and three other siblings went to Malaysia. After staying at a refugee camp in Hong Kong, Quan's entire family were allowed to enter the United States as part of the Refugee Admissions Program in 1979. Quan grew up in California.
Career.
In the 1980s, he appeared in several movies. His best known roles were as Short Round in "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" (1984) and Data in "The Goonies" (1985). After he stopped acting, he worked as a stunt coordinator on many movies, for example "X-Men".
He became well known for his role in the 2022 movie "Everything Everywhere All at Once", which won him multiple awards such as the Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor the following year. He is the first Vietnam-born actor to win an Academy Award.
In September 2022, Quan was announced to have joined the cast for the second season of the Marvel Cinematic Universe series "Loki" for Disney+. For this role, he received a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series nomination.
In June 2023, it was announced that he had been invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as an actor.
In December 2023, he joined the voice cast for "Kung Fu Panda 4."
Personal life.
Quan is married to Echo Quan, who was the on-set translator for "Everything Everywhere All at Once".
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List of World Wrestling Entertainment employees
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Germs
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Alvin Burke, Jr.
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Joseph Chamberlain
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Joseph Chamberlain (8 July 1836 – 2 July 1914), was an important businessman and a politician. He worked to improve education, and cities. He was a Member of Parliament from 1876 to 1914, and Colonial Secretary (controlling British colonies) from 1895 to 1903. His son Austen won the Nobel Peace Prize and another son Neville was Prime Minister from 1937 to 1940.
Early life.
Chamberlain was born in Camberwell in London. His father had a successful shoe company. Joseph was a good student, and won prizes at school in French and mathematics. He left school when he was 16 years old, and became an apprentice in his father's company. When he was 18, he moved to Birmingham to work in his uncle's screw company. He worked for the company until he was 38, and the company became very successful.
Early political life.
Chamberlain was a Unitarian, a Christian who believes Christ was an example of the way to live life, but was not divine (not a part of God). Unitarians try to work to help society. There were many problems in Birmingham after the industrial revolution, and many men were not allowed to vote. In 1868 Chamberlain helped a liberal man to become the Member of Parliament for Birmingham. In 1869, he started a group working for free primary education for all children.
In November 1869, he became a member of Birmingham City Council. There he worked for cheaper land prices for rural (countryside) workers, and became very popular. In 1873 he became the Mayor of Birmingham. He bought the gas companies and water companies for the city, so people were able to have clean and safe water. He made parks, roads, schools museums and built new houses for poor people.
In June 1876 he became the Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham. In parliament he worked to unite radical M.P.s (MPs that wanted change) against the Whig party who were in power. His work helped William Ewart Gladstone to become Prime Minister in 1880. Chamberlain often spoke about education in parliament.
Government life.
In 1880, Chamberlain became the President of the Board of Trade, the government minister working to improve trade. He made laws to help other cities to buy private companies, as he had done in Birmingham. He worked to make rents cheaper in Ireland, which was a British colony. At that time, many people believed that Ireland should have its own parliament, but many other people, including Chamberlain strongly disagreed. Chamberlain worked to help trade unions, but warned against socialism, saying that it would bring class war.
In 1885, Lord Salisbury, a conservative, became prime minister, and Chamberlain was no longer in government. The Conservative government made many changes that pleased Chamberlain, including free education for all children. Because Chamberlain and many other liberals disagreed with the Liberal Party about Ireland, Chamberlain made a new party, the Liberal Unionists. The Liberal Unionists shared power with the Conservatives against the Liberal party from 1886, but Chamberlain was not in the government.
Colonial Secretary.
In June 1895, Chamberlain became Colonial Secretary of the government, controlling what happened in British colonies. Because many European countries, especially Germany and France were growing stronger, Chamberlain wanted all countries in the British Empire to work together. He also wanted Britain to take more land in Africa. He built a railway along a part of the river Niger to help the British Royal Niger Company to grow. This land, together with the area Sokoto, became modern Nigeria in 1901.
Chamberlain also wanted Britain to control South Africa. He asked for more British soldiers in South Africa. He asked many British colonies to help, and in return helped Australia to get its own constitution. The Boers (Dutch farmers) did not want Britain to control their land, and in 1899 they attacked the British. This was the start of the Second Boer War. At first, Britain had problems fighting the Boers, but in 1900 the British became stronger.
In Autumn 1900, Britain had a General Election. Chamberlain asked people to vote for (choose) the same government (with Prime Minister Salisbury) to help win the war. Because Chamberlain was very popular, many people voted for the government, and they stayed in control. Chamberlain helped Winston Churchill to become a Member of Parliament.
In May 1902, Britain won the Second Boer War. Chamberlain visited South Africa to try to help make a better relationship between the two countries. Back in Britain, he also spoke to Zionist Jews (Jews who wanted their own country) and spoke about giving land in Kenya to them. This plan was never realised. Chamberlain tried to make an alliance with Germany, but when this did not work he made an alliance between France and Britain. This was called the Entente cordiale, and ended hundreds of years of fighting between the two countries.
Later life.
Chamberlain believed that the countries in the British Empire should do business with each other to become strong. To do this, Britain needed to tax imports (goods from other countries). This was called Tariff Reform. The government disagreed, so Chamberlain resigned from (quit) the government. He worked with other MPs to ask for Tariff Reform.
In 1906, just after his 70th birthday, Chamberlain had a stroke that made him very sick. He could not work hard, so his son, Austen Chamberlain (who was also an MP) helped him with his work. He died of a heart attack on the 2nd July 1914.
Memorials.
The city of Birmingham changed a lot because of Chamberlain's work. There are many places in Birmingham that have Chamberlain's name. Birmingham University, which he helped to start, has a clock tower with his name. Chamberlain Square in the centre of Birmingham also has a memorial for him.
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Y-chromosomes
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114225
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Pendulum
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A pendulum is a mass (any object usually metal) on an arm. The arm is attached to a "pivot", which is a point to swing from. The mass will naturally hang down because of gravity, but if it is pushed to one side it will "oscillate", which means that it will swing from side to side. The frequency of the swinging pendulum stays the same.
We can work out the time taken for one full oscillation (for example, swinging from left to right and back to left). We shall call this time formula_1 the period. If the pendulum length is formula_2, and the acceleration due to gravity is formula_3, then:
formula_4
where π (a Greek letter pronounced 'pi') is a mathematical constant. This equation gives a good approximation for the period when the mass does not swing far from the middle. The period of a pendulum does not depend on the mass of the object.
The mechanical energy of a pendulum is constant and is the sum of the kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy.
The regular motion of the pendulum can be used for timekeeping, and pendulums are used to regulate pendulum clocks.
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Finnix
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Finnix is a Debian based Live CD Linux distribution, developed by Ryan Finnie and intended for system administrators for tasks such as filesystem recovery, network monitoring and OS installation. Finnix is a small Linux Distribution, with an ISO download size of approximately 100 MiB.
History.
Finnix was created in 1999, making it one of the oldest Linux distributions with the intent of being run completely from a bootable CD (the other Live CD around at the time was the Linuxcare Bootable Business Card CD, first released in 1999). Finnix 0.01 was based on Red Hat Linux 6.1, and was created to help with administration and recovery of other Linux workstations around Finnie's office..
On 23 October 2005, Finnix 86.0 was released. Earlier unreleased versions (84, and 85.0 through 85.3) were "Knoppix remasters", with support for Linux LVM and dm-crypt being the main reason for creation. However, 86.0 was a departure from Knoppix, and was derived directly from the Debian "testing" tree.
Usage.
Finnix is released as a small bootable CD ISO. A user can download the ISO, burn the image to CD, and boot into a text mode Linux environment. Finnix requires at least 32MiB RAM to run properly, but can use more if present. Most hardware devices are detected and dealt with automatically, such as hard drives, network cards and USB devices. A user can modify files nearly anywhere on the running CD via UnionFS, a filesystem that can stack a read-write filesystem (in this case, a dynamic ramdisk) on top of a read-only filesystem (the CD media). Any changes made during the Finnix session are transparently written to RAM and discarded upon shutdown. In addition, Finnix uses SquashFS to keep distribution size low.
Finnix can be run completely within RAM, provided the system has at least 192 MiB RAM available.
Notes:
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Mandible
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The mandible is a bone found in all jawed vertebrates. The name comes from Latin "mandibula".
In bony fish the lower jaw is made of a number of bones, but these were gradually reduced in evolution.
In humans and other mammals the mandible is simply the jawbone or dentary, which is the largest and strongest bone of the face.
In mammals bones formerly in the lower jaw have become the ear ossicles.
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Inferior maxillary bone
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Mandibula
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Jawbone
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Homo heidelbergensis
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Homo heidelbergensis ("Heidelberg Man") is the name given to a number of human fossil remains that are older than fossils of Neanderthals. "Homo heidelbergensis" is abbreviated H. heidelbergensis.
Scientists are not sure whether these remains are from a distinct species. They are fragments (small pieces of bones), and most cannot be dated exactly. In the older texts they were simply called archaic humans or "early "Homo sapiens.""
There have been relatively well-defined remains of "Homo erectus" found in Africa from very early in human history. There have also been well-defined remains of "Homo neanderthalensis" found in Europe from later in history. Some scholars use the terms "archaic humans," "early "Homo sapiens,"" or "Homo heidelbergensis" to describe remains that seem to come from between these two periods in history. Some authors use it for all early species of "Homo", including Neanderthals.
Discovery.
In 1907, an archaeologist found a fossil of a lower jaw in Mauer, near Heidelberg, Germany. Some scientists thought this lower jaw was so different from any other species that it belonged to an undiscovered species. They named this species "Homo heidelbergensis".
Later, archaeologists found remains in Arago, France, and Petralona, Greece, that they said were from "Homo heidelbergensis". The best evidence found for these hominids is from between 600,000 and 400,000 years ago. The stone tools used by "H. heidelbergensis" were very similar to the Acheulean tools used by "Homo erectus".
"Homo heidelbergensis" may be the direct ancestor of both "Homo neanderthalensis" in Europe and "Homo sapiens". Some experts believe that "Rhodesian Man," found in Africa, belongs to the group "Homo heidelbergensis".
Interpretations.
"Homo antecessor" and "H. heidelbergensis" may have had the same ancestor: "Homo ergaster" from Africa. Mostly, "H. ergaster" was not very different from "H. heidelbergensis". However, "H. heidelbergensis" had a larger brain-case. On average, their skulls had a volume of 1100 – 1400 cm³ of space inside. (The average modern human has 1350 cm³ of space inside his or her skull.) "H. heidelbergensis" also had more advanced tools and behavior than "H. ergaster". For these reasons, H. heidelbergensis has been classified as a separate species.
"H. heidelbergensis" was taller and more muscular than modern humans. Male "heidelbergensis" averaged about tall and . Females averaged and .
They were good hunters.
Cut marks on wild deer, elephants, rhinos, and horses show that "H. heidelbergensis" hunted, killed, and butchered these animals. Some of these animals weighed as much as 700 kg (1,500 lb) or more.
During this era, now-extinct wild animals like mammoths, European lions, and Irish elk lived on the European continent.
They may have buried their dead.
Recent findings in Atapuerca suggest that "H. heidelbergensis" may have been the first species of the "Homo" genus to bury their dead. However, scientists still argue over whether this is true.
Some experts believe that "H. heidelbergensis", like its descendant "H. neanderthalensis," learned a primitive form of language.
Scientists have not found any forms of art or sophisticated artifacts made by "H. heidelbergensis", other than stone tools. However, archaeologists have found red ochre, a mineral that can be used to create a red pigment which can be used as a paint. They found this possible paint at Terra Amata excavations in the south of France.
Modern finds.
Boxgrove Man.
In 1994, British scientists unearthed a lower hominin tibia bone just a few miles away from the English Channel. They found the bone with hundreds of ancient hand axes, at the Boxgrove Quarry site. A partial leg bone is dated to between 478,000 and 524,000 years old.
The discoverers believe these remains are from "H. heidelbergensis." However, some other scientists believe the remains are from early "H. neanderthalensis". Before a discovery at Gran Dolina, Boxgrove was the site of the earliest hominin remains in Europe.
The tibia had been chewed by a large carnivore. This suggests two possibilities. The individual may have been killed by a lion or wolf. He also may have died of some other cause, and his unburied corpse may have been scavenged after his death.
Sima de los Huesos.
Beginning in 1992, a Spanish team has located more than 5,500 human bones that are at least 350,000 years old in the Sima de los Huesos site. This site is in the Sierra de Atapuerca, in northern Spain. The pit contains fossils of perhaps 28 individuals, together with remains of "Ursus deningeri," other carnivores, and a biface called "Excalibur". Some scientists think that this Acheulean axe, made of red quartzite, was some kind of ritual offering for a funeral. If so, it would be the earliest known evidence of a funerary practice.
Ninety percent of all known "H. heidelbergensis" remains have come from this site. The fossil pit bones include:
Indeed, nearby sites contain the only known and controversial "Homo antecessor" fossils.
Suffolk, England.
In 2005, teeth and flint tools from the water vole "Mimomys savini", which is used to date other species, were found in the cliffs at Pakefield near Lowestoft in Suffolk, England. This suggests that hominins existed in England 700,000 years ago. These hominims may have been a cross between "H. antecessor" and "H. heidelbergensis".
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Austen Chamberlain
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Sir Joseph Austen Chamberlain, KG (16 October 1863 – 17 March 1937) was a British politician. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1925. His father was another important politician, Joseph Chamberlain, and his half-brother (they had a different mother) was Neville Chamberlain, British Prime Minister from 1937 to 1940.
Early life.
Austen was born in Birmingham on the 16 October 1863, but two days later his mother died. His grandparents looked after him and his sister, Beatrice. Austen went to Rugby school, a famous private school, and then studied at the University of Cambridge. He then studied in a political college in Paris and at a university in Berlin. He returned to Britain in 1888.
Parliament.
In 1892, Chamberlain became a Member of Parliament for Worcestershire, as a member of his father's party, the Liberal Unionist Party. The Liberal Unionists worked to keep Ireland as a part of the United Kingdom. Chamberlain worked hard for his father, and in 1895 the prime minister gave him a job helping to run the Royal Navy. Chamberlain became important very quickly. In 1903, the new prime minister, Balfour gave him the job of controlling the Post Office. Then in 1904 he became Chancellor of the Exchequer, responsible for the economy.
In 1906, the government lost the general election, and Chamberlain lost his job in the government. When his father became ill because of a stroke, he helped his father by fighting against Home Rule, the plan to make Ireland independent. In the First World War, Chamberlain got the job responsible for India, and after the war he became Chancellor of the Exchequer again. Here he helped Britain to recover from the war. He was leader of the Conservative Party from 1921 to 1922.
Foreign Secretary.
In 1924, the Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin gave Chamberlain the job of Foreign Secretary, working with important people from other countries. In 1925. At this time, France and Germany were arguing about war reparations, money paid by the Germans to the countries that won the First World War. Many people were worried that war might start again. Chamberlain met with Gustav Stresemann, the German Foreign secretary. Together with Aristide Briand, they signed the Locarno Pact, an never to use the military to solve problems again. For this, all three men won the Nobel Peace Prize, Chamberlain in 1925, Briand and Stresemann in 1926.
Warnings about Hitler.
After the 1929 general election, Chamberlain lost his job as Foreign Secretary. He stayed in parliament, and often argued with the government about their foreign policy (plans). From 1934 until his death in 1937, Chamberlain warned the government about the Nazi Germany, who were building a larger military. Together with Winston Churchill, he argued that Britain should build its military too.
Austen Chamberlain died on 17 March 1937, shortly before his half-brother, Neville Chamberlain became Prime Minister.
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Tabasco (state)
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Tabasco is a state in southeast Mexico, on the Gulf of Mexico. About 2,000,000 people live there. Its capital is called Villahermosa.
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Silent trade
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Silent trade, or barter, is when traders (who do not speak each other's language) trade without talking to each other. This was used in many parts of ancient Africa. Silent bartering was used during 500 A.D to 1500 A.D. and probably had a much longer history.
To do a silent barter, one group of traders would go to a certain place, leaving whatever they are offering to trade. The other group of traders would then decide if they would like to accept the goods (usually salt or gold) that were left. If the goods met with approval, the second group would then take the goods, leave their own goods in return, and leave because the person accepted the offer. This system of trading was used mostly in ancient Ghana. The popular things they sold were gold and salt. Another system was face-to-face trading using hand signals.
Gold mined south of the Sahel was traded, pound for pound, for salt mined in the desert. The salt from the desert was needed by the people of Sahel to flavor and preserve their food and gold has always had value for adornment (wearing). Because of this trade, cities grew and flourished and parts of West Africa became commercial centers. West Africa produced gold until about 1500 AD.
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Main Page/Knowledge groups
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Tamaulipas
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Tamaulipas is a state in the northeast of Mexico. About 3,025,000 people live there. Its capital is called Ciudad Victoria.
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Zacatecas
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Zacatecas is a state in north central Mexico. About 1,360,000 people live there. The capital is also called Zacatecas.
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Petal
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A petal is a coloured part of a flower. With bright colours and scent, they often bring insects and birds to pollinate the flowers. Petals are made of cellulose and other organic matter.
Petals are modified leaves which surround the reproductive parts of flowers. Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla.
The role of petals and the evolution of flowers is an important part of botany. It has been studied from the 18th century to the present day.
The most common types of pollination are:
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Marigold
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Marigold could mean:
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Gardens
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Moisturizer
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A moisturizer (or moisturiser) is a liquid that is used for softening the skin, especially for naturally dry skins. They increase the skin's water content by reducing evaporation. The thickness of a moisturizer is "actually" what keeps the hydration concealed into the skin, which then creates the moisturizing effect. Due to its thickening agents, moisturizers typically "only come in lotion or night cream form".
Unlike a serum, a moisturizer does not penetrate deeply into the skin. The main job of a moisturizer is to seal products into the skin, locking all the moisture and nutrients your skin needs.
They can be quite a complicated chemical mixture. They may contain naturally occurring skin lipids and sterols, artificial or natural oils, emollients, lubricants,etc.
Moisturizers are not always needed or used. They are most useful for persons with dry skin.
Moisturizers are designed to either impart or restore hydration in the stratum corneum, which is an interactive, dynamic structure, and maintenance of hydration can impact its barrier function.
How they act.
Ways that a moisturizer affects the body include:
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Vidalia onions
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Vidalia onions are a variety of onions. They are native to Toombs County, Georgia. They are different from other onions because they are more sweet in taste. Southeast Georgia's mild climate, the area's sandy, low sulfur soil, exclusive seedvarieties, and precise farming practices make this original sweet onion, mild and flavorful.
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Hardcover
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Straw
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Straw is the stems of cereal grains like oats or wheat, after the seeds have been removed. It is often used as bedding for animals (hay is used to feed animals). It can also be used as fuel, to make baskets, and many other things. In older times, it was used for thatch roofs, or mixed with clay and sand for the cob and adobe used in building houses.
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Crustaceans
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Cheeseburger
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A cheeseburger is a hamburger with cheese on it and sometimes lettuce. The cheeseburger is usually found at fast food restaurants, such as Burger King and McDonald's.
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Calorie
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The calorie is a pre-SI unit of energy, synonymous with heat. A calorie is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water (specific heat capacity = 4,184 J kg-1 K-1) by one K (= °C + 273).
Applications.
On food labels, "calorie" refers to kilocalories (kilo- = 103), which equals to 1000 calories. As such, the word "calorie" is usually written with a capital C.
In simple words, calories are a way to measure energy. Our bodies get calories from the food we eat. If we eat more calories than we use, the body stores the extra energy as fat. How the body uses a calorie can depend on whether it comes from fat, protein, or carbohydrates.
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Portland, Maine
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Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maine. The city's population was 68,408 as of the 2020 Census.
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Coweta County, Georgia
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Coweta County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of 2020, 146,158 people lived there. The county seat is Newnan, Georgia. It was named for a Creek Indian tribe that lived in the area.
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Intoxication
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Intoxication is the state of being affected by one or more psychoactive drugs. It can also refer to the effects caused by the ingestion of poison or by the overconsumption of normally harmless substances.
People who drink too much alcohol become "intoxicated." They may become impaired in some or all of their senses like touch or even eyesight. Long term drinkers develop tolerance to alcohol. This high tolerance means it takes more alcohol to produce the outward signs of intoxication. Intoxication may bring delirium or make people do or say things that are not normal for them. The level of harm done usually depends on the substance and the amount. Mild intoxication usually is not permanently harmful. Mild stimulants like caffeine usually do not harm the person.
Types.
Some types of intoxication:
Intoxication can cause a state of mind that remains once the person is no longer intoxicated that can be used as a legal defense:
Symptoms.
Often taking a mild depressant or stimulant does not have much effect on the person who took it. But more serious drugs, substances, or even medications can have a large effect on the person. Usually stimulants keep the person awake and energetic. Depressants work the opposite way; they decrease the heart rate of the person and relax them. Sedatives give the same effect. More of these substances can carry harm or even life-threatening effects, if ingested in large amounts. Mixing alcohol with prescription drugs often leads to increased or hastened impairment. Alcohol can produce hazardous side effects, reduce heart rate, and drop blood pressure to a dangerous level.
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Gilgit District
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The Gilgit District is bounded by the Wakhan Corridor of (Afghanistan) in the north, Xinjiang (China) in the north and northeast, Skardu District in the south and southeast. The capital of the Gilgit District is Gilgit town.
The district includes Gilgit town, Naltar, Hunza, Gojal (Upper Hunza) and Shimshal. It also includes many small villages like Minapin, Hopar, and Hispar. The Haramosh valley, now in the Gilgit District, was previously in the Skardu District.
The highest peak in the Gilgit District is Distaghil Sar , which is the 19th-highest mountain in the world.
Demography.
Main languages are Balti, Erina, Shina, Burushaski and khowar.
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Zoe (Sesame Street)
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Zoe is a character from the TV show "Sesame Street". She is an orange monster who is 3 years old and is very energetic. Her introduction was in 1993.
Zoe was originally unclothed except her barrettes, bracelets, and necklace. She has regularly been dressed in a tutu since 2001, as like many girls of her age, Zoe is obsessed with ballet. Her love of dance in general resulted in the video Zoe's Dance Moves. In Season 49, she wears her tutu less frequently, and more consistently in illustrations and merchandise.
She is currently played by Jennifer Barnhart, but was first played by Fran Brill.
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Olympia Snowe
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Olympia Jean Snowe (née Bouchles; born February 21, 1947) is an American politician and former United States Senator from Maine. She is a member of the Republican Party.
She was the first woman to serve in both houses of a state legislature and in both houses of the United States Congress. She was the first woman to be elected Senator in the history of Maine. She is the first Greek woman ever elected to the United States Congress. Senator Snowe is a member of the United States Republican Party. Snowe also served in the United States House of Representatives. She retired in 2013, after deciding not to seek reelection in 2012. She was succeeded by Former Independent Governor of Maine Angus King.
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Ghanche District
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Ghanche District is the easternmost district of the Northern Areas, Pakistan. To its northeast is Xinjiang, China, to the north and northwest is Skardu District, to its west is Astore District and to its south is Leh District (Ladakh Division) in the Indian occupied territories of Jammu and Kashmir. The line of control along the eastern most region of Ghanche District cuts through the Siachen Glacier and is not permanent because of the conflict (It has been proposed by moderates in Pakistan and India to make the Siachen Glacier region a Peace Park).
The capital of Ghanche District is Khaplu. This is the coldest place within Pakistan also called the "Third Pole" with temperatures reaching below in the winter. Khaplu and Hushe valleys form the gateway for the great Baltoro Muztagh, the subrange of Karakoram that includes the mighty peaks of K2 (8,611 m), Broad Peak (8,047 m), Gasherbrums (8,000+ m) and Masherbrum (7,821 m) (all of which are included in the Skardu District).
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Polyester
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Polyester is a type of man-made material. It is a synthetic polymer. With an 18% market share of all plastic materials produced, it is third after polyethylene (33.5%) and polypropylene (19.5%).
Uses.
Polyester can be made into thread, yarn or clothes. Woven into synthetic fabrics, they are often used to make clothes and home furnishings. These include shirts, trousers, pants, jackets, hats, bedding and upholstered furniture. Polyester fiber is used as cushioning and insulating material in pillows, comforters and upholstery padding. It can be used in curtains to insulate windows and keep heat indoors. Polyester is used to make insulating carpets.
Industrial polyester fibers, yarns and ropes are used in tires, fabrics for their use, and safety belts.
Chemistry.
Polyester is a type of polymer that has the ester functional group in its main chain. There are many different polyesters. The term "polyester" as a specific material most often refers to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyesters include chemicals found in nature, such as in plant cuticles. Synthetics made by step-growth polymerization such as polycarbonate and polybutyrate are also polyesters. Natural polyesters and a few synthetic ones are biodegradable, but most synthetic polyesters are not.
The most common polyesters are thermoplastics.
Synthesis.
Most polyesters are made with a polycondensation reaction. See "condensation reactions in polymer chemistry".
The general equation for the reaction of a diol with a diacid is :
An alcohol and a carboxylic acid react to form a carboxylic ester.
To assemble a polymer, the water formed by the reaction must be continually removed by azeotrope distillation.
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Bowdon, Georgia
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Bowdon is a city in Carroll County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 2,161. Bowdon is known as "The Friendly City."
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She
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The word "she" is a third-person singular pronoun used to talk about a female. When the name of a woman has been the subject, then "she" takes the place of that name, in the text. While "she" is the subject form, the word "her" is the object or possessive form ("see table below"). The word "she" is used for a woman (or girl) where the word "he" would be used for a man, or "it" for a neutral pronoun.
In 1999, the American Dialect Society chose "she" as the word of the past millennium (1000-year period). The Society noted the word was not used before the year 1000; "she" was first seen in writings from the 12th century, where the word "heo" had been used to mean either the feminine or mixed plural as with "they".
This is usually used to referring to someone female, but that isn't always exactly the case.
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Law enforcement
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Ghizar District
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Ghizar District is northernmost part of the Northern Areas of Pakistan. Its capital is Gahkuch. Ghizer is also a contact point between Gilgit District and Chitral District (which are connected by Shandur Pass). Ghizer is a multi-ethnic district and three major languages are spoken: Khowar, Shina and Burushaski. There are also a few Wakhi speakers in Ishkoman.
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Evening
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Evening is time period of the day from 18:00 (6:00 pm) to 23:59 (11:59 pm).
It is the period when people are usually watching television and getting ready for bed.
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Sesame Street
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Sesame Street is an American educational children's television series with many Muppets (puppet characters) and non-Muppet characters (human characters). There are also many animated characters. The show deals with issues like music, song, alphabet, numbers, and teaching children basics in learning, as well as more serious issues like death, divorce, HIV/AIDS, autism, and foster care. Part of the profits go to an international project for children's schools.
The show has been on TV since November 10, 1969. Jim Henson made the Muppets and a lot of writers and puppeteers worked together to make the show. The Muppets were used afterwards in a different show called "The Muppet Show". "Sesame Street" has been on TV in 120 countries all over the world. More than 4,000 episodes have been made over 50 seasons. One unique feature of the show is that the episode number appears at the start of each episode.
For most of its history, "Sesame Street" had been shown on PBS in 1970. In late 2015, in response to "sweeping changes in the media business" and as part of a five-year programming and development deal, premium television service HBO began airing first-run episodes of "Sesame Street". The episodes became available on PBS stations and websites nine months after they aired on HBO. The deal allowed Sesame Workshop to produce more episodes—increasing from 18 to 35 per season—and to create a spinoff series with the "Sesame Street" Muppets, and a new educational series. At its 50th anniversary in 2019, "Sesame Street" had produced over 4,500 episodes, two feature-length movies ("" in 1985 and "The Adventures of Elmo in Grouchland" in 1999), 35 TV specials, 200 home videos, and 180 albums. Beginning that year digitized versions of the show's full archive of episodes were donated to the American Archive of Public Broadcasting, viewable on site at the library's locations, with five episodes available for viewing online. That its YouTube channel has over 24 million subscribers. It was announced in October 2019 that first-run episodes will move to HBO Max beginning with the show's 51st season in 2020. In August 2022, HBO Max removed 200 older episodes of the series from its library after initially offering around 650 episodes. On December 13, 2024, it was announced that Max would not be renewing their contract to make episodes of "Sesame Street", meaning 2025 will be the last year for episodes made with Max. Episodes will be in the Max streaming library until 2027. A spokesperson for Sesame Workshop stated: "We will continue to invest in our best-in-class programming and look forward to announcing our new distribution plans in the coming months, ensuring that 'Sesame Street' reaches as many children as possible for generations to come." On May 19, 2025, it was announced that "Sesame Street" would begin to air new episodes on Netflix worldwide and would continue to air new episodes on PBS, with new episodes being released on both platforms on the same day, as well as past seasons. This move would also include the acquisition of 90 hours of older episodes by Netflix.
The Muppets.
Other Muppets for "Sesame Street" include a girl fairy named Abby Cadabby, Murray, his lamb named Ovajita, Juila, and the Two-Headed Monster. Not only Muppets play in the show but also a diverse cast of human characters who live with the Muppets.
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Baltistan District
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Arthur Davidson
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Arthur Davidson (February 11, 1881–December 30, 1950) is one of the four co-founders of Harley-Davidson Motorcycles. He and his wife died in a car accident in 1950. Arthur, his two brothers Walter and William started the company in 1903 with William Harley. Arthur was mainly in charge of sales for the company.
When he was not working for the company, Davidson like to raise Guernsey cattle at his farm west of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was well known for giving money and other things such as land to organizations such as the Boy Scouts.
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Zack & Wiki
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Treasure Island Z
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Diamir District
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The Diamir District is a first-order administrative division of the Pakistani-controlled territory known as the Northern Areas and is the district in which the Karakoram Highway enters that territory from Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The capital of the Diamir District is Chilas. In 2004, the Diamir District was reduced in size as a result of the creation of the new Astore District from Diamir's easternmost tehsil. (See map.)
The Diamir District is bounded by the Astore District in the east, Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the southwest (separated by the Babusar Pass or Babusar Top), Neelum District of Azad Kashmir in the south, the Ghizar District in the north and northwest, and the Gilgit District in the north and northeast.
Before the Karakoram Highway was opened in 1978, the only road reaching Gilgit town from the south was a rough track north from Balakot to Babusar Pass (via Kaghan, Naran, Besal, and Gittidas) and farther north through Babusar Gah to Chilas. The road up to Besal is now in better condition, but from Besal to Babusar Pass, the road is still a rough track.
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Georg Wilhelm Frederich Hegel
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Parade
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A parade is a large or small group of people who all walk together, usually down a street or road. People who walk in parades are often dressed in costumes, and followed by marching bands, floats or large balloons.
Reasons.
They are often held on holidays or to honor someone. Parades are held for many reasons, but are usually for celebrations of some kind. Days like St Patrick's Day are often celebrated with a parade.
Military parades.
A military parade is one of the most common parades. It is when soldiers march in public. Usually they are followed by tanks and other military vehicles. Military parades are often held after a battle or war has been won. In China, National Day is now celebrated with large military parades in Beijing every 5th year after 1949. In the United Kingdom, the Queen's Official Birthday (now always on a Saturday) is marked by a military parade every year. In the United States, such military parades are less common but usually held on Veterans Day and Independence Day.
Famous parades.
One of the most famous parades in the United States is the Macy's Thanksgiving Day parade in New York City. Over 44 million people watch this parade on television each year.
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Pokémon Diamond and Pearl
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Pokémon Diamond" and "Pokémon Pearl are two role-playing games (RPG) made by Game Freak and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld. It is the fourth generation of "Pokémon" games in the series. In the game, the number of Pokémon is brought up to 493.
A third version to "Diamond and Pearl" called "Pokémon Platinum" was released in Japan in Autumn 2008, and released in the USA and UK on March 22, 2009.
Remakes of the games, titled "Pokémon Brilliant Diamond" and "Shining Pearl", was released for the Nintendo Switch on November 19, 2021, followed by a spin-off game, in January 2022.
Gameplay.
The gameplay of "Diamond" and "Pearl" are much the same as previous Pokémon games. The player starts the game with one Pokémon, and catches more Pokémon using Poké Balls. The player can also use his/her Pokémon to battle other Pokémon. When the player spots a Pokémon or a trainer, the battle screen appears. During battle, the player may fight, use an item, switch Pokémon, or run away from battle (the last option is not available when facing trainers). All Pokémon have hit points (HP). If a Pokémon's HP is down to zero, it faints and cannot battle until the player revives it. If the player's Pokémon defeats the opponent's Pokémon, it gets experience points. After building up enough experience points, it will gain a new level. Most Pokémon evolve into a new form with a new name when they reach a certain level.
Plot.
The player gets sent by Professor Rowan to fill up the Pokédex, and to become the champion. The player can choose his or her character as per their gender, Dawn for Female players and Lucas for Male Players. The head of Team Galactic, Cyrus tries to destroy the world using Dialga or Palkia to create a new world that he will rule. In "Pokémon Platinum", Giratina stops him as he is about to do it, and Cyrus then wants to capture it for its power instead. The games take place in the Sinnoh region.
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Role-playing games
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Bengal cat
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The Bengal cat is a hybrid (mixed) breed of house cat. They were bred to be even-tempered. This means they do not get angry easily like most house cats. Most Bengal cats weigh and in height.
It was bred with a leopard cat and many other domesticated cats around 1990. From the leopard cat, it has a marbled and spotted coat like a leopard.
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Pokémon Red and Blue
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and , released in Japan as Pokémon Red and , are two role-playing games. They were made by Game Freak and published by Nintendo, and are the first two video games in the Pokémon series. They were first released for the Game Boy in Japan in 1996. They were later released to the rest of the world in 1998 (North America) and 1999 (Europe and Australia). "Pokémon Yellow", a special version, was released one year later in each region. These three games ("Pokémon Red", "Blue", and "Yellow") and "Pokémon Stadium" make up the first generation of "Pokémon" video game series. "Pokémon Red" and "Blue" were later remade for the Game Boy Advance as "Pokémon FireRed" and "LeafGreen", released in 2004.
Setting and plot.
The games are set in the fantasy world of Kanto and follow the adventure of the main character, Red, in his quest to defeat all the 8 Gym Leaders and become the Champion. Both games have almost the same plot, but the player must trade among the two in order to have every Pokémon and complete the games' Pokédex. The Kanto Saga of the Pokémon anime is based on the games' plots.
Gameplay.
"Pokémon Red" and "Blue" are turn-based role-playing games.
Reception.
"Pokémon Red" and "Blue" got good reviews, and their releases started the beginning of what would become a multibillion-dollar company, both selling millions of copies around the world.
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Pokémon Gold and Silver
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Pokémon Gold and Silver are two role-playing video games made by Game Freak and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Color handheld. They are the second games in the Pokémon series, and increased the number of Pokémon to 251. The Pokémon Ho-oh and Lugia, respectively, are featured in the boxart. A special version named "Pokémon Crystal", which had the Pokémon Suicune on the cover, was released around a year later. Pokemon Gold and Silver are backward-compatible with the original Game Boy (except in Korea), but Pokemon Crystal requires a Game Boy Color or Game Boy Advance.
Gameplay.
The games added many new things, such as breeding and a new bag system. There were also ninety nine new Pokémon added.
Plot.
The games take place in a region named Johto. The player is a ten year old kid from New Bark Town, who is sent on a mission from Professor Elm. After completing the mission, the player gets to choose a starter Pokémon, and start a journey. During this journey, the player fights an villainous team, Team Rocket, who is coming back after being defeated by the player of "Pokémon Red" and "Blue" and many Gym Leaders so that he can earn Gym Badges. After defeating the Gym Leaders in the Johto region, the player has to travel to the Kanto region to defeat the Gym Leaders living there. After defeating a total of 16 Gym Leaders and 4 Elite Four members and the champion, Lance, Professor Oak, will ask the player to go to Mt. Silver, where the player has to defeat Red, the former champion of Kanto.
Known issues.
The cartridges use a CR2025 lithium battery to keep track of the time and to power the sRAM save mechanism. As these games were released over 15 years ago, the original battery is usually depleted by now. It is possible to replace it, but it requires a special screwdriver bit to open the cartridge and soldering in a tabbed replacement battery. Replacing the battery will erase the game save on the cartridge, if any, unless special precautions (such as backing up and restoring the save file using special hardware, or wiring a temporary battery in parallel with the original while removing it) are taken.
Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver.
and are remakes of "Pokémon Gold" and "Silver", developed by Game Freak for the Nintendo DS. They were released on September 12, 2009 in Japan, and were released on March 14, 2010 in North America, March 25, 2010 in Australia and March 26, 2010 in Europe. There are many new features. Like "Pokémon Yellow", the player's Pokémon can follow them. The games come with a pedometer-like device, called the Pokéwalker, that can let players walk with their Pokémon, and gain Watts, which can be used to battle Pokémon, or dowse for items. They also introduced an item named GB Sounds, which made the music sound like the one used in the original games.
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Waveform
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The waveform is the shape of a wave as it travels. There are many different waveforms. They are usually a shape which is repeated over and over (a "periodic waveform"). A common waveform is the sine wave. It is normally not possible to see a waveform without some device.
Root mean square.
The amplitude of a waveform may change a lot. Even though it changes, the waveform has a root mean square (rms) value. For example: in the UK, the AC mains supply is a sine wave and has a voltage of 240 V. This is an rms voltage. The actual voltage varies:
The amplitude of the sine wave keeps changing from -339.4 V to +339.4 V.
Root mean square is important. It lets us work out many useful things, like power and heating in a wire.
This table has information about working out the rms for some waveforms.
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Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire
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Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire are two role-playing games made by Game Freak and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance handheld on November 21, 2002. They are the third main generation of games in the Pokémon series, and increased the number of Pokémon to 386. The games were extremely successful when they were released, although the developers described the games as very difficult and stressful to make.
"Pokémon Ruby" and "Sapphire" had a remake called "Pokémon Emerald", which changed a few things, and added a Battle Frontier. Another remake, "Omega Ruby" and "Alpha Sapphire", was released for the Nintendo 3DS on November 21, 2014.
Gameplay.
The games added many new things, such as a new computer storing system. There were also 100 new Pokémon added. The battle system was changed a lot, and added double battles. Abilities and natures were added to make the game more interesting and affect the way Pokémon grow and develop. Pokémon Contests were a new feature in which you perform that are rated on their "condition" by a judge, like a beauty pageant. Sweets called Pokéblocks were added to treat Pokémon as well as raise a certain stat point.
Plot.
Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire take place in a region called Hoenn, which is based on an island in Japan. There are 15 cities and many are connected by areas called routes. The main character of Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire is a child who has recently moved to Littleroot Town. The player chooses either Torchic, Mudkip, or Treecko as his or her starter Pokémon from Professor Birch. His or her rival May (if the player is a girl) or Brendan (if the player is a boy), is also a Pokémon Trainer.
The story follows the player as they defeat Teams Aqua and Team Magma, crime groups who want to use Pokémon to change the weather in Hoenn. In Ruby, Team Magma, want to use the legendary Pokémon Groudon to dry up the oceans of Hoenn and increase the amount of land; in Sapphire, the Team Aqua are the villains and they try to Kyogre, to increase the Hoenn's water levels.
The player first meets the Team in the Petalburg Woods, where he or she rescues a worker from Devon and recovers a package. Upon arriving in Fallarbor Town, the player finds that Professor Cozmo, an astronomer, has been kidnapped by Aqua or Magma. they find Cozmo in Meteor Falls, but they escape to Mt. Chimney, a volcano, with a meteorite. The player follows Aqua/Magma to Mt. Chimney where they are going to use the meteorite to make the volcano erupt. The player defeats the Team's leader and returns the meteorite to Professor Cozmo. Shortly after, Aqua/Magma again tries to change the region's weather by stealing a Castform, a Pokémon with the ability to change the weather, from the Weather Institute. After the player reaches Mt. Pyre, a large mountain and Pokémon cemetery, Aqua/Magma steal an orb that can control a legendary Pokémon (Groudon in Ruby, Kyogre in Sapphire). Aqua/Magma then steal a submarine from Captain Stern in Slateport City; the player, however, breaks into the team's hideout, but is not able to stop the submarine. The Team then travel with the orb to the Seafloor Cavern, where Groudon or Kyogre sleeps; the team then uses the orb to wake up the legendary Pokémon. Once awakened, the Pokémon travels to the Cave of Origin and causes a drought (Ruby) or rainstorms (Sapphire). When the player beats or catches the Pokémon, Hoenn's weather returns to normal. The player can then collect the rest of the Pokémon in the game.
Music.
The music of "Ruby" and "Sapphire" is entirely game music; all speech is on-screen as text. The music was composed and arranged by Junichi Masuda, Go Ichinose and Morikazu Aoki, and have no lyrics, apart from for two tracks with vocals, "Trick Master" and "Slateport City". The soundtrack of the game was released by Mediafactory in Japan on April 26, 2003; the album reached #297 on the Oricon charts and was there for one week. Junichi Masuda wrote only battle tunes, Go Ichinose wrote most of the town, route, fanfare & 'Spotted' tunes, whereas Morikazu Aoki did the remainder. The music of these games is very famous for its too much use of trumpets.
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Wii Sports
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Wii Sports is a sports game made by Nintendo for the Wii system in late 2006. It was bundled with the Wii (except in Japan). (This means that when people bought a Wii, they would also get a copy of Wii Sports). The game has five sports which can be played - tennis, golf, baseball, bowling, and boxing. The rules for each sport are simplified to make them easier for new players. Although its main criticism is its lack of detail, its motion sensing gameplay and accessibility had a big impact on the video game market.
Wii Sports was well received and got lots of awards. It sold over 82 million copies by the end of 2017. This makes it the best selling single-platform game of all time, and fourth best overall.
Gameplay.
"Wii Sports" is a collection of five separate sports games: tennis, baseball, bowling, golf, and boxing. The games use the motion-sensing Wii Remote in different ways. When playing the games, the player moves the Wii Remote in a similar way to how the games are played in real life. They can hold and swing the Wii Remote like a golf club, baseball bat or bowling ball. Some parts of the gameplay are computer controlled. For example, in tennis, the players movement is controlled by the Wii, and the swinging of the racket is controlled by the player. Baseball uses batting and pitching, with all of the fielding controlled by the Wii.
The characters in the game are Miis. "Wii Sports" is the first Wii game to use Miis. Players can choose which Mii they want to play as. Miis saved on the Wii will be in the crowd during bowling games and as team members in baseball. The non-player characters in the game were also created using the Mii Channel.
After a game, a player gains or loses skill points based on how well they played compared to the computer's skill level. Some games do not calculate points if the player is playing with other people (multiplayer) and not with a computer (single-player). The game keeps track of points by putting them on a graph. The more skill points a player has, the more people will be in the crowd during some games like Tennis and Boxing. If a player gets 1000 skill points, they get the "Pro" rank. The "Pro" rank gives the player some new features, such as a shiny bowling ball when playing Bowling. If a player gets the "Pro" rank, the game will put a message on the Wii Message Board.
"Wii Sports" also has a fitness test that calculates a player's fitness age (from 20 to 80 years old, 20 being the best possible). The test uses the player's performance in three randomly chosen challenges in each test from the training mode. The fitness test can only be taken once a day for each Mii. Fitness age takes into account a player's balance, speed, and stamina. Fitness age results are graphed over one, two, or three months, with daily results on the Wii Message Board.
Development.
Wii Sports was made by Katsuya Eguchi, who managed a software development group at Nintendo. The aim of the Wii was to appeal to people who had not played video games before. To do this, they needed a game that let both experienced and new players play in a fun way. Nintendo also wanted people to use the Wii daily, so they wanted to make Wii Sports a flagship game. This is why Wii Sports has such simple graphics and gameplay. Eguchi needed a widely familiar theme for the game, so he chose sports. Instead of having professional athletes or realistic graphics, the game was designed to be easy so complicated gameplay was left out. Motion-sensing actions used the Wii Remote's accelerometer to interpret movements, and Nintendo focused on actions like hitting to make them very realistic. Nintendo did not think players would buy the Wii just to play Wii Sports, so they bundled it with the console, which helped it to sell a lot of copies.
Reception.
Overall, Wii Sports was received well by critics for its basic pick-up and play style, even though it was criticised for lacking in graphic quality and not having much depth. It received awards such as 6 BAFTA Gaming awards in 2007. In 2009, it outsold Super Mario Bros to become the bestselling video game of all time. In fact, it had sold 60.67 million copies worldwide by the end of 2009, which has now increased to 82.88 million copies, making it Nintendo's highest sold game. Wii Sports has been featured on television in Wii commercials, news reports, and other programming. Many competitions and social gatherings have been held by players of all ages to play it. It is even used in some care homes so that elderly people can exercise.
Sequels.
A sequel, Wii Sports Resort, was released in 2009. This was released with the Wii Motion Plus accessory. The game has 12 sports. Golf and Bowling, which were in Wii Sports, are also in this game.
A high-definition remake of the game, Wii Sports Club, was released in 2013 for the Wii U.
In February 2022, Nintendo announced a sequel to the game for the Nintendo Switch. This sequel is called Nintendo Switch Sports. It was released on April 29, 2022. Tennis and bowling, which were in Wii Sports, are playable in the game. A third game from Wii Sports, Golf, was added in Fall 2022.
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Manchester Airport
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Manchester Airport is an important airport in Manchester, England. It opened to passengers in June 1938. It was first called Ringway Airport. During World War II it officially became RAF Ringway, and from 1975 until 1986 the title Manchester International Airport was used. The airport is almost all within the city of Manchester boundaries—the exception being the second runway, which lies mostly in Cheshire Manchester Airport had the most passengers in the Uk outside of London with 22.1 million people in 2007.
Manchester Airport competes with other airports nearby such as Liverpool Airport and Leeds Bradford Airport.
Airlines and destinations.
The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights to and from Manchester:
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Ubuntu (Operating System)
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Heaton Park
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Heaton Park is the largest municipal park in the Greater Manchester region, and one of the largest in both the United Kingdom and Europe. It contains many animal reserves and also has a few listed buildings.
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Super Mario Bros. 3
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Super Mario Bros. 3 is a 1988 platform game made by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console. It was a big hit and sold 40 million copies, and it is often said by critics to be the best game on the NES. It preceded "Super Mario Bros. 2" (1988) and was followed by "Super Mario World" in 1990. It is one of the games in "Super Mario All-Stars".
Plot.
Bowser has taken over the Mushroom Kingdom again. This time he and his seven children, called the Koopa Kids, have each taken over one of the worlds, so Princess Toadstool asks Mario and Luigi to help again.
Gameplay.
This game goes back to the original platform conventions of "Super Mario Bros." Like that game, Mario jumps, runs, and hits enemies. However, he does not touch a flag or reach a castle. At the end of the level, he hits a spinning block, which will yield a flower, a mushroom, or a star block. When he gets three blocks, he will be rewarded. Three stars will result in five lives. If he gets a mix, he will get one extra life.
A new item is a box. The box enables Mario or Luigi to store items that they acquire. Before entering the level, Mario or Luigi can select the item and use it. One such item is the Starman. It will make them super strong and everything they touch will die, for a short time. Another item is the anchor. All seven bosses float around in large ships. If Mario tries to beat them and loses, the ship will move around the world. If Mario uses the anchor, however, the ship will stay still and not move.
Enemies.
Boomerang Bro.
The Boomerang Bro is a "Hammer Bro" that throws boomerangs instead of hammers. The Boomerang Bro first appeared in this game. It had green skin and black shells. It is listed in IGN's "Mario's Best Enemies".
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Super Mario World
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Super Mario World is a platform game made by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. It is the fifth "Super Mario" game. In the game, Mario travels through seven worlds to defeat his enemy Bowser. The game adds new things that were not in the previous "Mario" games. Yoshi appears in this game for the first time.
"Super Mario World" sold very well: it sold more than 20 million copies. Many gamers think that the game is one of the best games ever made.
The game was remade for the Game Boy Advance, called Super Mario Advance 2; the other games in the Mario series were remade for it also. An animated television series based on the game aired in 1991 on NBC.
Plot.
In this game, Bowser has kidnapped Princess Toadstool again after she, Mario, and Luigi had a vacation in Dinosaur Land. Mario and Luigi must rescue her and seven Yoshi eggs from Bowser and his Koopalings.
Gameplay.
This game adds several new mechanics, most notably the introduction of Yoshi, a rideable dinosaur companion. Mario can free Yoshi from eggs hidden in blocks where Bowser and the Koopalings have trapped him. When Mario releases him, he can jump on an adult Yoshi's back to ride him. While riding Yoshi, Mario can make Yoshi shoot out his tongue to catch and eat items and enemies and can jump off Yoshi's back. If the egg spawns a baby Yoshi, Mario can carry the Yoshi and it will automatically consume enemies and items until it grows into a full adult. There are four colors of Yoshi: Green, Red, Blue, and Yellow. Green Yoshi is the default, Red can shoot fireballs if they spit out items, Blue can fly, and Yellow have a stronger ground slam. Green Yoshis can also copy the powers of the other Yoshis by capturing a matching-colored Koopa Shell, but will eventually swallow items held in its mouth.
This game also has a new item called the cape feather. The cape feather both enlarges Mario to full size and gives him a cape. When Cape Mario gets a running start, he can fly in the air and hang there for a short period of time. He can spin the cape to also knock out enemies. He can also come down at a steep angle and pound the ground to knock enemies out.
The inventory system has been changed. Mario has one box at the top of the screen where he can store one item. If Mario goes back to small Mario, the item will start dropping right away.
As with other Mario games, gameplay primarily consists of completing sidescrolling stages in a set time limit, while avoiding obstacles and enemies. Many stages, indicated by a red icon in the Overworld screen, have multiple exits leading to shortcuts or secret stages. Stages are grouped in the map into various worlds, with each having a mini-boss castle and a final castle. The final castle of each world is guarded by one of the Koopalings and Mario must strike the boss three times or force them into lava to defeat them and progress.
Music.
Kōji Kondō made all of the music for the game. He used only an electronic keyboard to make the songs. Some melodies were used again in later "Mario" games.
Almost all of the songs in the game are different versions of the same melody.
Reception.
Reviewers really liked "Super Mario World" when it first came out. The game is still very much liked by reviewers today. Many claim it is one of the best-selling video games ever made.
Cancelled sequel.
In the 1990’s there was a sequel game called Super Mario's Wacky Worlds which was based on historical locations, including Ancient Greece and Egypt, but it got cancelled.
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Host
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Host(s) may refer to:
In Christianity:
In culture:
In science and engineering:
In other uses:
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Subsets and Splits
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