instruction
stringlengths
11
3.5k
context
stringlengths
3
23.5k
response
stringlengths
1
26k
category
stringclasses
3 values
What is an onigiri made of?
Onigiri (お握り or 御握り), also known as omusubi (お結び), nigirimeshi (握り飯), or rice ball, is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori. Traditionally, an onigiri is filled with pickled ume (umeboshi), salted salmon, katsuobushi, kombu, tarako, mentaiko, takana...
Onigiri is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori (seaweed). Traditionally, an onigiri is filled with pickled ume (umeboshi), salted salmon, katsuobushi, kombu, tarako, mentaiko, takanazuke (pickled takana, Japanese giant red mustard greens) or any ot...
closed_qa
What is special about the number 1729?
The number 1729 is known as the Hardy–Ramanujan number after a famous visit by Hardy to see Ramanujan at a hospital. In Hardy's words: I remember once going to see him when he was ill at Putney. I had ridden in taxi cab number 1729 and remarked that the number seemed to me rather a dull one, and that I hoped it was no...
1729, known as the Hardy–Ramanujan number, is the smallest integer that can be expressed as the sum of the cubes of two unique pairs of integers.
closed_qa
How many people initially formed the band Raeth?
Raeth was initially formed in 2006 by four students from Karachi, Pakistan — Wajhi Farooki (vocals), Mustafa Asad (bass), and Hasan Farabi (lead guitar). The band was launched in 2006 by Fire Records at a local beach club in DHA.
four
information_extraction
What sacrifices did Ons's parents make to help her tennis career?
Ons Jabeur was born to Samira and Ridha Jabeur in Ksar Hellal, a small town in Tunisia. She grew up in the larger nearby coastal town of Sousse. Jabeur has two older brothers, Hatem and Marwen, and an older sister, Yasmine. Her mother played tennis recreationally and introduced her to the sport at the age of three. Jab...
Ons's mother used to drive Ons all around Tunisia to play tennis tournaments and encouraged Ons to go to a special school to study.
closed_qa
In which country did the M&NA railroad exist.
The Missouri and North Arkansas (reporting mark M&NA) was a railroad in Missouri and Arkansas from 1906 to 1946. The railroad began as the Eureka Springs Railway in 1883 as a line from the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway in Seligman, MO, reaching the resort town of Eureka Springs, AR in 1883.
The M&NA was a railroad in Missouri and Arkansas, which made it part of the United States.
closed_qa
How big is Reef manta rays
The reef manta ray (Mobula alfredi) is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae, one of the largest rays in the world. Among generally recognized species, it is the second-largest species of ray, only surpassed by the giant oceanic manta ray. The species was described in 1868 by Gerard Krefft, the director of the Aust...
Reef manta rays are typically 3 to 3.5 m (9.8 to 11.5 ft) in disc width, with a maximum size of about 5.5 m (18 ft).
closed_qa
What causes the sun to rise?
Although the Sun appears to "rise" from the horizon, it is actually the Earth's motion that causes the Sun to appear. The illusion of a moving Sun results from Earth observers being in a rotating reference frame; this apparent motion caused many cultures to have mythologies and religions built around the geocentric mod...
Although the Sun appears to "rise" from the horizon, it is actually the Earth's motion that causes the Sun to appear. The illusion of a moving Sun results from Earth observers being in a rotating reference frame.
information_extraction
Given the reference text about The Masters, where is the tournament played and what is the name of the golf course?
The Masters Tournament (usually referred to as simply The Masters, or the U.S. Masters outside North America) is one of the four major championships in professional golf. Scheduled for the first full week of April, the Masters is the first major of the year, and unlike the others, it is always held at the same location...
The Masters is played at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.
closed_qa
Given the below reference text about Luftwaffe, tell me for how many years was this military organisation active officially in Germany?
The Luftwaffe was the aerial-warfare branch of the German Wehrmacht before and during World War II. Germany's military air arms during World War I, the Luftstreitkräfte of the Imperial Army and the Marine-Fliegerabteilung of the Imperial Navy, had been disbanded in May 1920 in accordance with the terms of the 1919 Trea...
The Luftwaffe was officially active for about 11 years - 1935 to 1946.
closed_qa
Give me a history of Valve
Founding and Half-Life (1996–2003) Gabe Newell (foreground) and Doug Lombardi (background), 2007 Valve was founded as Valve, LLC, in 1996 by former Microsoft employees Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington. Newell had spent the prior 13 years at Microsoft developing Windows, including the Windows 95 port of Doom. Wanting to...
Founding and Half-Life (1996–2003): Valve was founded as Valve, LLC, in 1996 by former Microsoft employees Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington in Kirkland, Washington. Valve's first game is Half-Life, a first-person shooter (FPS) released in November 1998. It was developed using the modified Quake engine GoldSrc. After str...
summarization
Extract examples of electrical conduction from the following passage.
The movement of electric charge is known as an electric current, the intensity of which is usually measured in amperes. Current can consist of any moving charged particles; most commonly these are electrons, but any charge in motion constitutes a current. Electric current can flow through some things, electrical conduc...
Examples of electric currents include metallic conduction, where electrons flow through a conductor such as metal, and electrolysis, where ions (charged atoms) flow through liquids, or through plasmas such as electrical sparks. While the particles themselves can move quite slowly, sometimes with an average drift veloci...
information_extraction
Based on this paragraph, what was the name of Jesse LaFollette's mother?
LaFollette was born near Morristown, New Jersey in 1781. His father, Joseph, and grandfather, Jean, were Huguenots who had escaped the persecution in France, traveling first to Jersey and then to the colonies where they operated a small farm near the Wallkill River in northern New Jersey. Jean was killed during the Fre...
Jesse LaFollette's mother was Phoebe Gobel, who was married to his father Joseph.
closed_qa
Given this paragraph on the Persian language, which are the 2 sub groups of the Western Iranian language?
The Western Iranian languages themselves are divided into two subgroups: Southwestern Iranian languages, of which Persian is the most widely spoken, and Northwestern Iranian languages, of which Kurdish and Balochi are the most widely spoken
Southwestern and Northwestern Iranian language
closed_qa
Based on the above passage mention the parts of Atlantic Ocean formed by Equatorial Counter Current. Display the results in a comma separated format.
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about 106,460,000 km2 (41,100,000 sq mi). It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Africa, Europe, and Asia from the "New World" of the Americas ...
North(ern) Atlantic Ocean, South(ern) Atlantic Ocean
information_extraction
Given these paragraphs about Large language models, what is Instruction tuning?
A large language model (LLM) is a language model consisting of a neural network with many parameters (typically billions of weights or more), trained on large quantities of unlabelled text using self-supervised learning. LLMs emerged around 2018 and perform well at a wide variety of tasks. This has shifted the focus of...
Instruction tuning is a form of fine-tuning designed to facilitate more natural and accurate zero-shot prompting interactions.
closed_qa
Measured in feet, what was the length of the gun barrel produced by Philip Webley & Son of Birmingham discussed in the above passage?
The British Bull Dog was a popular type of solid-frame pocket revolver introduced by Philip Webley & Son of Birmingham, England, in 1872, and subsequently copied by gunmakers in continental Europe and the United States. It featured a 2.5-inch (64 mm) barrel and was chambered for .442 Webley or .450 Adams cartridges, wi...
0.208 feet
closed_qa
What is this text about?
There are many modern variations of gazpacho with avocados, cucumbers, parsley, strawberries, watermelon, grapes, meat stock, seafood, and other ingredients instead of tomatoes and bread. The ingredients, texture, and thickness of gazpacho vary regionally and between different cooks. Similar cold raw soups such as arja...
This text is about variations of Gazpachos. It lists different recipes and explains influences from regions and cultural roots. It also mentions that despite some dishes may contain Gazpacho in their name, not all are variations from the original Gazpacho.
summarization
What are isobars and what are they commonly used for?
An isobar is a line of equal or constant pressure on a graph, plot, or map; an isopleth or contour line of pressure. More accurately, isobars are lines drawn on a map joining places of equal average atmospheric pressure reduced to sea level for a specified period of time. In meteorology, the barometric pressures shown ...
An isobar is a line of equal or constant pressure on a graph, plot, or map. Isobars are commonly used in television weather reporting.
summarization
What is a "love hotel"?
A love hotel is a type of short-stay hotel found around the world operated primarily for the purpose of allowing guests privacy for sexual activities. The name originates from "Hotel Love" in Osaka, which was built in 1968 and had a rotating sign. Although love hotels exist all over the world, the term "love hotel" is ...
A love hotel is a type of short-stay hotel found around the world operated primarily for the purpose of allowing guests privacy for sexual activities.
closed_qa
Extract the list of countries that have part of the Amazon rainforest. Place them in a bullet list
The Amazon rainforest, also called Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses 7,000,000 km2 (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 km2 (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest. This region in...
Brazil Peru Colombia Bolivia Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Suriname Venezuela
information_extraction
According to this paragraph, when was the university of virginia founded?
The University of Virginia (UVA) is a public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. Set within the Academical Village, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the university is referred to as a "Public Ivy" for offering an academic experience similar to that of an Ivy League...
The University of Virginia was founded in 1819.
closed_qa
Given a reference text about Konstantin Konstantinovich Sluchevsky, tell me where he was born and where he studied.
Konstantin Konstantinovich Sluchevsky (Russian: Константин Константинович Случевский), (1837–1904) was a Russian poet. Sluchevsky was born in St. Peterburg into a Russian noble family. He graduated from the First Cadet Corps, served in the Imperial Russian Guard, then entered the Academy of the General Staff, but in 1...
Konstantin Konstantinovich Sluchevsky was born in St. Petersburg, Russia and studied in Paris, Berlin, and Heidelberg.
closed_qa
From this passage, extract the names of Hawking's siblings, including both by birth and through adoption, and separate by bullets.
Hawking was born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford to Frank and Isobel Eileen Hawking (née Walker). Hawking's mother was born into a family of doctors in Glasgow, Scotland. His wealthy paternal great-grandfather, from Yorkshire, over-extended himself buying farm land and then went bankrupt in the great agricultural depressio...
The names of Hawking's siblings are: -Philippa -Mary -Edward Frank David
information_extraction
What is the plot of One-Punch Man?
On a supercontinent version of Earth that has four Moons, powerful monsters and supervillains wreak havoc. The millionaire Agoni creates the Hero Association, which employs superheroes to fight evil. Saitama, an unassociated hero, hails from City Z and performs heroic deeds as a hobby. For three years, he has trained e...
One-Punch Man is a manga and an anime about a protagonist, Saitama, who can defeat all of his enemies with one punch. It takes place on a version of Earth with one supercontinent and 4 moons, which has regular monster and supervillain attacks. To combat this, a Hero association was formed, but the protagonist is not pa...
summarization
Given this paragraph about the original church in Guston in 1892, what were the two ways that were used to announce the beginning of services?
English congregationalist preacher Rev. William Davis found some success evangelizing the miners and their families after establishing a church in Guston in 1892, the only one in the Red Mountain Mining District. The church had not only a bell but also a steam whistle to announce when services were commencing. Davis ha...
The church used both a bell and a steam whistle to announce the start of services.
closed_qa
Based on this article, what is a potential weakness of traditional military camouflage?
Multi-spectral camouflage is the use of counter-surveillance techniques to conceal objects from detection across several parts of the electromagnetic spectrum at the same time. While traditional military camouflage attempts to hide an object in the visible spectrum, multi-spectral camouflage also tries to simultaneousl...
Traditional military camouflage only protects against tools which use the visual spectrum to detect objects, and so if a tool is based on infrared or radar the traditional camouflage doesn't offer any protection.
closed_qa
Where is the post office of Shawboro located?
Shawboro is an unincorporated community located in Currituck County, North Carolina, United States. The area takes its name from Henry Marchmore Shaw. The post office is located close to the intersection of Shawboro Road (NC 34) and North Indian Town Road (SR 1147). The ZIP Code is 27973. The Shawboro area is covered...
The post office of Shawboro, North Carolina is located close to the intersection of NC 34 Shawboro road and North Indian Town Road (SR 1147).
summarization
For what is known as Transphonologization?
In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y.
In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y. For exam...
information_extraction
What does the term "tulip mania" mean?
Tulip mania (Dutch: tulpenmanie) was a period during the Dutch Golden Age when contract prices for some bulbs of the recently introduced and fashionable tulip reached extraordinarily high levels. The major acceleration started in 1634 and then dramatically collapsed in February 1637. It is generally considered to have ...
The term "tulip mania" is now often used metaphorically to refer to any large economic bubble when asset prices deviate from intrinsic values.
closed_qa
Who wrote the song Happy Birthday Darlin
"Happy Birthday Darlin'" is a song written by Chuck Howard, and recorded by American country music artist Conway Twitty. It was released in October 1979 as the third and final single from his album Cross Winds. The song was Twitty's 23rd number one on the country chart as solo artist. The single stayed at number one fo...
Happy Birthday Darlin' is a song written by Chuck Howard, and recorded by American country music artist Conway Twitty. It was released in October 1979 as the third and final single from his album Cross Winds. The song was Twitty's 23rd number one on the country chart as solo artist. The single stayed at number one for ...
summarization
Extract from this article the most common Android security threats and simple descriptions of each threat, in a bullet pointed list.
Research from security company Trend Micro lists premium service abuse as the most common type of Android malware, where text messages are sent from infected phones to premium-rate telephone numbers without the consent or even knowledge of the user. Other malware displays unwanted and intrusive advertisements on the de...
The most common types of android security threats are: - Premium service abuse: where text messages are sent from infected phones to premium-rate telephone numbers without the consent or even knowledge of the user - Malware: that displays unwanted and intrusive advertisements on the device, or sends personal informati...
information_extraction
Extract the Ferrari automobiles that were introduced from 2020 onwards. List them by year, and separate them with a comma.
Current models Model Calendar year introduced Current model Vehicle description Introduction Update/facelift 2019 Ferrari 812 Superfast S-A 6.5.jpg 812 Superfast 2017 2017 – Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive grand tourer. Ferrari Portofino M IMG 4351.jpg Portofino M 2017 2017 2021 Retractable hardtop convertible grand...
2020 Roma, 2022 296 GTB, 2022 Daytona SP3, 2022 Purosangue
information_extraction
How to skip rope?
A skipping rope or jump rope is a tool used in the sport of skipping/jump rope where one or more participants jump over a rope swung so that it passes under their feet and over their heads. There are multiple subsets of skipping/jump rope, including single freestyle, single speed, pairs, three-person speed (Double Dutc...
A skipping rope is a fun form of exercise that is enjoyed by children and adults. While holding on to both ends of the rope, allow the middle of rope to rest on the ground in front of your feet, step over the rope so the rope is now behind your feet. Simultaneously, swing both arms over your head in a full swing so t...
closed_qa
What is black tie dress code?
Black tie is a semi-formal Western dress code for evening events, originating in British and American conventions for attire in the 19th century. In British English, the dress code is often referred to synecdochically by its principal element for men, the dinner suit or dinner jacket. In American English, the equivalen...
Black tie is a dress code for events, typically weddings and other formal ceremonies. The dress code roughly translates to a tuxedo or dinner suit for men and an evening gown for women.
information_extraction
Summarize what GDP means as well as what it is and is not used for.
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold in a specific time period by a country or countries, generally "without double counting the intermediate goods and services used up to produce them".[citation needed] GDP is most often used by th...
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a measurement of all of the goods and services sold in a specific country over a specific time period. It is used as a metric for economic health, economic progress, and for international comparisons. GDP is not a used to measure cost of living differences and inflation rates between cou...
summarization
Given the following paragraph, where was Omar ibn Said born?
Omar ibn Said was a real person, born and raised in Futa Toro, an Islamic state located in the part of West Africa that is now Senegal. His family was wealthy and he was highly educated as a Muslim scholar. He was captured by slavers in 1807 at the age of 37 and was taken to America to be sold in the Charleston slave m...
Omar ibn Said was born and raised in Futa Toro, an Islamic state located in the part of West Africa that is now Senegal.
closed_qa
What was the Fannie Patton steamboat
Fanny Patton was a stern-wheel driven steamboat that operated on the Willamette River, in Oregon, starting in August 1865. This steamer operated from 1865 to 1880 for various owners, and was a considered a profitable vessel. The steamer was named for the daughter of businessman Edwin N Cook, Frances Mary "Fannie" Cooke...
The Fannie Patton was a steamboat operated in 1865. It was named after the daughter of businessman Edwin Cook and Frances Mary "Fannie" Cooke. It was operated on the Willamette River in Oregon
information_extraction
From the passage provided, extract the month and year when Cassandra was released on Google code
Avinash Lakshman, one of the authors of Amazon's Dynamo, and Prashant Malik initially developed Cassandra at Facebook to power the Facebook inbox search feature. Facebook released Cassandra as an open-source project on Google code in July 2008. In March 2009, it became an Apache Incubator project. On February 17, 2010,...
Facebook released Cassandra as an open-source project on Google code in July 2008.
information_extraction
What are the official official forms of written Norwegian?
As established by law and government policy, the two official forms of written Norwegian are Bokmål (literally 'book tongue') and Nynorsk ('new Norwegian'). The official Norwegian Language Council (Språkrådet) is responsible for regulating the two forms, and recommends the terms Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk i...
- Bokmål - Nynorsk
information_extraction
Extract the stages of technology evolution?Explain all of them in brief with examples.
Technological evolution is a theory of radical transformation of society through technological development. This theory originated with Czech philosopher Radovan Richta. Mankind In Transition; A View of the Distant Past, the Present and the Far Future, Masefield Books, 1993. Technology (which Richta defines as "a mate...
the first stage: the tool. A tool provides a mechanical advantage in accomplishing a physical task, such as an arrow, plow, or hammer that augments physical labor to more efficiently achieve his objective. Later animal-powered tools such as the plow and the horse, increased the productivity of food production about ten...
information_extraction
Extract the population of Teodorów from the following text.
Teodorów [tɛɔˈdɔruf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koniecpol, within Częstochowa County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) east of Koniecpol, 46 km (29 mi) east of Częstochowa, and 82 km (51 mi) north-east of the regional capital Katowice. The vil...
The village of Teodorów has a population of 107.
information_extraction
Based on this paragraph from Wikipedia, where was Jerry Garcia born, how many fingers did he have, and where did he attend college?
Jerry Garcia was born August 1, 1942, in San Francisco, California. His father was Jose Ramon Garcia, a Spanish immigrant. His mother, Ruth Marie Clifford, named him after her favorite composer, Jerome Kern. His father was a jazz musician who bought a bar. As a child Garcia took piano lessons. When he was four he lost ...
Based on this paragraph, Jerry Garcia was born in San Francisco, had nine fingers and he quit school at age 17 before attending college.
closed_qa
What are the common symptoms of COVID-19?
The symptoms of COVID-19 are variable depending on the type of variant contracted, ranging from mild symptoms to a potentially fatal illness. Common symptoms include coughing, fever, loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia), with less common ones including headaches, nasal congestion and runny nose, muscle pain, sor...
Common symptoms of COVID-19 includes coughing, fever, loss of smell and taste. Some people may also experience headaches, nasal congestion, runny nose, muscle pain, sore throat, diarrhea, and eye irritation.
summarization
Give me the most popular characters in DC Comics from this paragraph without summarizing.
DC Comics is one of the largest and oldest American comic book companies, with their first comic under the DC banner being published in 1937. The majority of its publications take place within the fictional DC Universe and feature numerous culturally iconic heroic characters, such as Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Fla...
Some of the most popular characters in DC Comics include Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, the Flash, Aquaman, and Green Lantern. These characters are often portrayed by themselves as well as affiliated in superhero teams, such as the Justice League and the Teen Titans.
summarization
Based on this paragraph, what industry did Gardiner Hall create a business in and how was it impacted by the Civil War?
South Willington's industrial history began in 1840, when Origen Hall and two partners founded the Willington Thread Company. Hall and his brother Gardner founded a second company in 1848 for the production of cotton wadding and batting. After several failed business ventures, Gardiner Hall founded the Hall Thread Comp...
Gardiner Hall was in the textile business and ran the Hall Thread Company. His business was impacted by the Civil War due to a cotton shortage, but he restarted the business following the Civil War.
closed_qa
From the passage provided, extract when Bloomberg L.P. was founded
Bloomberg L.P. is a privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It was co-founded by Michael Bloomberg in 1981, with Thomas Secunda, Duncan MacMillan, Charles Zegar, and a 12% ownership investment by Bank of America through their brokerage subsidiary Me...
Bloomberg L.P. was founded in 1981
information_extraction
Given a reference text about Nicholas Theodore, tell me where he went to medical school and what he is known for.
Nicholas Theodore is an American neurosurgeon and researcher at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He is known for his work in spinal trauma, minimally invasive surgery, robotics, and personalized medicine. He is Director of the Neurosurgical Spine Program at Johns Hopkins and Co-Director of the Carnegie Cent...
Nicholas Theodore went to medical school at Georgetown University and is known for his work in spinal trauma, robotics, minimally invasive surgery, and personalized medicine.
closed_qa
Extract the architectural details with respect to the Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral in Colombia. Separate key items with a new line that begins with a hyphen.
The Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral de Nuestra Señora del Rosario) Also Girardota Cathedral is a cathedral of the Catholic church under the invocation of the Virgin of the Rosary. It is a Neo-Romanesque style building, built in solid brick in sight, took 32 years to build and was designed by the Fre...
The Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral is an architectural wonder. Here are a few reasons why: - It was designed by Charles Émile Carré, born in 1863 and passed away in 1909. - Its architectural style is Neo-Romanesque. - It took over 32 years to build. - It's built of solid brick.
information_extraction
What is the largest city in the United Kingdom?
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a 50-mile (80 km) estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for two millennia. The City of London, its ancient core...
London is the largest and capital city of the United Kingdom.
closed_qa
From the given text, Provide me step by step instructions on how to prepare tea.
Steeping, or brewing, is the process of making tea from leaves and hot water, generally using 2 grams (0.071 oz) of tea per 100 millilitres (3.5 imp fl oz; 3.4 US fl oz) of water (H2O) or about 1 teaspoon of green tea per 150 ml cup. Steeping temperatures range from 61 °C (142 °F) to 87 °C (189 °F) and steeping times f...
1. To brew/steep tea, use 2gm tea leaves per 100ml of water and let it brew between 61 °C to 87 °C for 30 seconds to 3 minutes. 2. For green tea, use 1 teaspoon of green tea per 150 ml of water and let it brew between 61 °C to 87 °C for 30 seconds to 3 minutes.
summarization
Who is David Oliver Siegmund
David Oliver Siegmund (born November 15, 1941) is an American statistician who has worked extensively on sequential analysis. Biography Siegmund grew up in Webster Groves, Missouri. He received his baccalaureate degree, in mathematics, from Southern Methodist University in 1963, and a doctorate in statistics from Colu...
David Oliver Siegmund (born November 15, 1941) is an American statistician who has worked extensively on sequential analysis. Siegmund grew up in Webster Groves, Missouri. He received his baccalaureate degree, in mathematics, from Southern Methodist University in 1963, and a doctorate in statistics from Columbia Unive...
closed_qa
What was the first road trip after Elson joined Indiana University?
Elson joined the Hilltoppers staff as a defensive backs coach in 1996. He served as defensive coordinator for the 2001 and 2002 season before he was promoted to head coach. The rise to college football's highest level was difficult for the program, and Hilltoppers went 2-20 in Elson's final two seasons. On November 9,...
The roadtrip was to play the WKU Hilltoppers in Bowling Green, Kentucky
closed_qa
Given a reference text about IMDB, tell me how it rates movies.
As one adjunct to data, the IMDb offers a rating scale that allows users to rate films on a scale of one to ten. IMDb indicates that submitted ratings are filtered and weighted in various ways to produce a weighted mean that is displayed for each film, series, and so on. It states that filters are used to avoid ballot...
IMDB allows users to submit their reviews and ratings. As the most extensive internet movie database and the 54th most visited website across the planet, the scale of reviews and ratings collected for movies is massive. IMDB uses various mathematical calculations to determine the rating of movies. Many users decide ...
closed_qa
Write down some important aspects regarding civil war from the given text
A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies. The term is a calque of Latin bellum civile which was used to refer to the va...
1. An intrastate or civil war is a conflict between organised parties fighting within a single state. (or country). 2. One side may want to overthrow the government, seize control of an area, secure the independence of a region, or alter public policy. 3. The phrase is a calque of the Latin phrase bellum civile, which ...
summarization
Without quoting directly from the text give me a summary of Rita Moreno's greatest achievements.
Rita Moreno (born Rosa Dolores Alverío Marcano;[nb 1] December 11, 1931) is a Puerto Rican actress, dancer, and singer. She is noted for her work on stage and screen in a career spanning over seven decades. Moreno is one of the last remaining stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood. Among her numerous accolades, she is ...
Rita Moreno is an actress, dancer, and singer from Puerto Rico whose career spans several decades. She is one of the few people to have accomplished EGOT status by winning an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony. She is most well known for being the first Latin American woman to receive an Oscar for her work in Westsid...
summarization
Who was crucified in the crucifixion painting
The Crucifixion with the Virgin and St John is an oil painting by the Dutch artist Hendrick ter Brugghen, probably painted around 1625 as an altarpiece for a Catholic clandestine church likely located in Utrecht in the Calvinist Dutch United Provinces. The scene is taken from the account of the crucifixion of Jesus in ...
Jesus Christ. The oil painting is of a scene from the account of the Gospel of John
information_extraction
What does the Romantic Novelists' Association do?
The Romantic Novelists' Association (RNA) is the professional body that represents authors of romantic fiction in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1960 by Denise Robins (first president), Barbara Cartland (first vice-president), Vivian Stuart (first elected chairman), and other authors including Elizabeth Goudge, ...
The Romantic Novelists' Association is a membership organization with roughly 1000 authors of romantic fiction and publishing professionals that organizes events throughout the year. The RNA holds an annual conference and workshops on writing craft and the publishing industry and is also known for its New Writers' Sche...
summarization
What example of a cancer could cause blood in the urine?
Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney. Symptoms may include blood in the urine, lump in the abdomen, or back pain. Fever, weight loss, and tiredness may also occur. Complications can include spread to the lungs or brain.
Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney. Symptoms may include blood in the urine, lump in the abdomen, or back pain. Fever, weight loss, and tiredness may also occur. Complications can include spread to the lungs or brain. The main types of kidney cancer are renal cel...
information_extraction
Which leaders claimed the English throne in 1066?
In 1066, several rival claimants to the English throne emerged. Among them were Harold Godwinson (recognised as king by the Witenagemot after the death of Edward the Confessor), Harald Hardrada (King of Norway who claimed to be the rightful heir of Harthacnut) and Duke William II of Normandy (vassal to the King of Fran...
Harold Godwinson, Harald Hardrada, and Duke William II of Normandy all claimed the English throne in 1066.
information_extraction
Given this paragraph about the Gusii language, what do they call sandals in Tabaka Kenya?
The Gusii language (also known as Ekegusii) is a Bantu language spoken in Kisii and Nyamira counties in Nyanza Kenya, whose headquarters is Kisii Town, (between the Kavirondo Gulf of Lake Victoria and the border with Tanzania). It is spoken natively by 2.2 million people (as of 2009), mostly among the Abagusii. Ekegusi...
Chitaratara is what they call scandals in Tabaka, Kenya, where the Maate dialect is spoken.
closed_qa
Given a reference text about True Corporation Public Company Limited, tell me what country it's in and how it was formed.
True Corporation Public Company Limited (TRUE) (Formerly: True Corporation Public Company Limited and Total Access Communication Public Company Limited) is a communications conglomerate in Thailand. It is a joint venture between Charoen Pokphand Group and Telenor, formed by the merger between the original True Corporat...
True Corporation Public Company Limited is located in Thailand and was formed by the original True Corporation merging with DTAC.
closed_qa
Extract one of the franchise introduced in IPL 2022 from the text and who won the title during the previous session.
The 2022 Indian Premier League, also known as IPL 15 or for sponsorship reasons, TATA IPL 2022, was the fifteenth season of the Indian Premier League (IPL), a professional Twenty20 cricket league established by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament was played from 26 March 2022 to 29 ...
The IPL 2022 season saw the expansion of the league with the addition of two new franchises, and one of them was Gujarat Titans. Gujarat Titans, beat Rajasthan Royals by seven wickets to win their first title. Also, Chennai Super Kings were the defending champions, having won their fourth title during the previous seas...
information_extraction
Which countries besides the five recognized Nuclear Weapons States have acquired, or are presumed to have acquired, nuclear weapons?
Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons, fissionable material, and weapons-applicable nuclear technology and information to nations not recognized as "Nuclear Weapon States" by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT. Proliferation has...
India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel.
information_extraction
If it's called "free" climbing, why do climbers use gear to climb?
Free climbing has been called "rock climbing's most commonly mistaken term", with problems including: Incorrectly assuming that "free climbing" always means solo climbing, i.e. that you must always be alone and without any partner. Free climbing in traditional climbing and sport climbing uses a supporting belayer. Inc...
Free climbing refers to a form of rock climbing in which the climber ascends without the use of gear to aid progression. It is a common misunderstanding that free climbing means climbing with no protective gear. Both sport and traditional climbing make use of protective gear to prevent injury and death, and are both co...
closed_qa
Where is Przystań?
Przystań [ˈpʂɨstaɲ] (German: Pristanien, from 1938-45 Passdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Węgorzew...
Przystań is a small village in Poland close to the Russia border. It has a population of 80
summarization
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars and starches, which are synthesized fr...
Photosynthesis is - a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy - a word derived from the Greek phōs (φῶς), "light", and synthesis (σύνθεσις), "putting together" - a process that always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centers - perform...
summarization
From the passage provided, extract list of language drivers for Cassandra. Separate them with a comma.
Cassandra introduced the Cassandra Query Language (CQL). CQL is a simple interface for accessing Cassandra, as an alternative to the traditional Structured Query Language (SQL). CQL adds an abstraction layer that hides implementation details of this structure and provides native syntaxes for collections and other commo...
Java (JDBC), Python (DBAPI2), Node.JS (Datastax), Go (gocql), C++
information_extraction
Extract the names of the works of Michael Daugherty from the text. Separate them with a comma.
Michael Kevin Daugherty (born April 28, 1954) is an American composer, pianist, and teacher. He is influenced by popular culture, Romanticism, and Postmodernism. Daugherty's notable works include his Superman comic book-inspired Metropolis Symphony for Orchestra (1988–93), Dead Elvis for Solo Bassoon and Chamber Ensemb...
Metropolis Symphony, Dead Elvis , Jackie O, Niagara Falls, UFO, Bells for Stokowski, Fire and Blood, Time Machine, Ghost Ranch, Deus ex Machina, Labyrinth of Love, American Gothic, Tales of Hemingway
information_extraction
Extract the names of the television series Dixie Violet Egerickx starred in and the year those series were released. List them using bullets in the format {Series} - {Year}
Dixie Violet Egerickx (born 31 October 2005) is an English actress. Egerickx has appeared three times on the London stage, as Iphigenia in Robert Icke's adaptation of Oresteia, Rosalind in Alexi Kay Campbell's Sunset at the Villa Thalia at the National Theatre and as Jenny Caroline 'Qui Qui' Marx in Richard Bean and Cl...
Genius - 2017 Patrick Melrose - 2018 The Essex Serpent - 2022
information_extraction
What is Artisanal Mining?
An artisanal miner or small-scale miner (ASM) is a subsistence miner who is not officially employed by a mining company, but works independently, mining minerals using their own resources, usually by hand. Small-scale mining includes enterprises or individuals that employ workers for mining, but generally still using ...
Artisanal Mining is a done by miners who are not officially employed by a mining company, but works independently, mining minerals using their own resources, often by hand. Artisanal Mining is an important socio-economic sector for the rural poor in many developing nations, many of whom have few other options for supp...
summarization
Where does this company produce its products?
Sweet Tree Holdings is a Vermont, United States, company that produces maple products from a sugarbush and processing facility in Island Pond.
Island Pond, Vermont
closed_qa
Extract all the different ways to describe dolls from these passages
Ruth Handler watched her daughter Barbara play with paper dolls, and noticed that she often enjoyed giving them adult roles. At the time, most children's toy dolls were representations of infants. Realizing that there could be a gap in the market, Handler suggested the idea of an adult-bodied doll to her husband Elliot...
paper dolls, infants, adult-bodied doll, adult-figured doll
information_extraction
Who is Robert Mitchum?
Robert Mitchum (1917–1997) was an American actor who appeared in over 110 films and television series over the course of his career. He is ranked 23rd on the American Film Institute's list of the 50 greatest American screen legends of all time. His first credited named role was as Quinn in the 1943 western Border Patro...
Robert Mitchum was a prolific American actor, appearing in over 110 films and television shows. He was an Academy Award nominee and his primary film genre was Western.
summarization
What is the economy size of Tamil Nadu?
As the most urbanised state of India, Tamil Nadu boasts an economy with gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹24.85 lakh crore (US$310 billion), marking the second-largest economy amongst the 28 states of India. It has the country's 9th-highest GSDP per capita of ₹225,106 (US$2,800), and ranks 11th in human developme...
Tamil Nadu is one of the most industrialized and second-largest economy among all states in India with gross state domestic product (GSDP) of US$310 billion.
information_extraction
Please summarize following information about Maria Astashkina.
Maria Astashkina (Russian: Mapия Acтaшкинa), (born 5 April 1999 in Penza, Russia) is a Russian swimmer. She won 4 gold medals in (200 m, 100 m, 50m breaststroke and 4 × 100 m medley) at the 2015 European Games. Career In 2014, Astashkina competed at the 2014 European Junior Championships winning 4 gold medals in (200 ...
Sure, here is a summary of Maria Astashkina: Born on April 5, 1999, in Penza, Russia, Maria Astashkina is a Russian swimmer who took home four gold medals from the 2015 European Games in the 200 m, 100 m, 50 m breaststroke, and four 100 m medley events. She participated in the 2014 FINA World Swimming Championships (25...
summarization
Why does the James web Telescope rely so heavily on infrared?
Very Early and distant objects visibility shifts to infrared.
The design emphasizes the near to mid-infrared for several reasons: high-redshift (very early and distant) objects have their visible emissions shifted into the infrared, and therefore their light can be observed today only via infrared astronomy; infrared light passes more easily through dust clouds than visible ligh...
summarization
Who was injured or killed and in what ways in the accidents?
1947: Two plane crashes in a 24-hour period, one with fatalities. Two people were killed as the result of a mid-air collision between two planes over the airfield. The accident occurred when William Gleason Sauerwein of Falls Church took off from the field in an Aeronca Champion at the same time that F.H. Kirchman, 48,...
F.H. Kirchman and his passenger Agnes Louise Brady was also killed. William Gleason Sauerwein had a broken leg and head injuries. Margaret Vaughn had severe head and leg injuries.
closed_qa
According to the following passage, what was the cause of the Great Chicago Fire?
The fire is claimed to have started at about 8:30 p.m. on October 8, in or around a small barn belonging to the O'Leary family that bordered the alley behind 137 W. DeKoven Street. The shed next to the barn was the first building to be consumed by the fire. City officials never determined the cause of the blaze, but th...
There has been much speculation to the cause of the Great Chicago fire, but city officials never determined the cause of the blaze. The most popular theory is that it was caused by Mrs. O'Leary's cow, who knocked over a lantern.
summarization
From the passage provided, extract which cinema industries are located in Mumbai
Mumbai is the financial, commercial, and the entertainment capital of India. It is also one of the world's top ten centres of commerce in terms of global financial flow, generating 6.16% of India's GDP, and accounting for 25% of industrial output, 70% of maritime trade in India (Mumbai Port Trust and JNPT), and 70% of ...
Mumbai is home to Bollywood and Marathi cinema industries.
information_extraction
Based on the following paragraph on drinking water, is there a risk of drinking too much water during exercising?
The human body contains from 55% to 78% water, depending on body size.[user-generated source?] To function properly, the body requires between one and seven liters (0.22 and 1.54 imp gal; 0.26 and 1.85 U.S. gal)[citation needed] of water per day to avoid dehydration; the precise amount depends on the level of activity,...
Yes, since exercise induced stress can reduce the volume of water that the kidneys can excrete, drinking too much water during exercise can result in water intoxication which can be fatal.
closed_qa
Summarize what it is means to feel threatened?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Threat (disambiguation). Threats can be subtle or overt. Actor Justus D. Barnes, in The Great Train Robbery A threat is a communication of intent to inflict harm or loss on another person. Intimidation is a tactic used between conflicting parties to make the ot...
Feeling threatened implies that someone or something is communicating or suggesting that they will inflict harm on you or your being. This is generally considered to be an intimidation tactic suggesting that if you do not comply, you will be harmed. Threats are not always physical, they can be emotional, financial, s...
summarization
Given this paragraph about skydiving, give me the average time skydiver spends in freefall.
Skydiving includes free falling (usually from an airplane) through the air prior to opening a parachute. Typically skydives are carried out from around 4,000m (or 12,500ft) offering 40 to 50 seconds of freefall time. Longer free fall times can be achieved by exiting an aircraft at altitudes much higher than 4,000m, but...
Typically skydives are carried out from around 4,000m (or 12,500ft) offering 40 to 50 seconds of freefall time.
closed_qa
From the passage provided, extract the name of the person that made some fountains in the garden, and how many. Your answer shall be of the format "{name} built {number of fountains} fountains."
The chateau has four wings and is surrounded by arcades lining the courtyard. The yard is accessible from the entrance gate and leads to the Italian symmetrical garden. There are also four fountains in the garden by stonemason Jakub Mitthofer.
Jakub Mitthofer built four fountains.
information_extraction
Given this reference test, what is the daily recommended amount of magnesium for women in the U.S.?
In the UK, the recommended daily values for magnesium are 300 mg for men and 270 mg for women. In the U.S. the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are 400 mg for men ages 19–30 and 420 mg for older; for women 310 mg for ages 19–30 and 320 mg for older.
The daily recommended amount of magnesium for women in the U.S. is 310 mg for ages 19-30 and 320 mg for older.
closed_qa
Extract the names of the singles from the text as a bulleted list.
Atlantis Princess is the third Korean-language studio album by South Korean singer BoA, released on May 30, 2003 by SM Entertainment. Several singles were promoted off the album, including the promotional single "Lights of Seoul", "Atlantis Princess", and "Milky Way", with accompanying music videos produced for the lat...
* Lights of Seoul * Atlantis Princess * Milky Way
information_extraction
What are the key points that can be extracted regarding antisemitism from the below text?
In 1998, Ignatz Bubis, a leader of the German Jewish community, pointed to a "spreading intellectual nationalism" that made him fear a revival of German antisemitism. Others point to Germany's growing Muslim population, both the Turkish "guest workers" who began to arrive in the 1950s, and the large wave of migrants fr...
1. A prominent member of the German Jewish community, Ignatz Bubis, expressed his concern about the resurgence of antisemitism in his country in 1998 by pointing to a "spreading intellectual nationalism." 2. Others highlight the rising Muslim population in Germany, which includes both the 1950s-era "guest workers" from...
summarization
Extract best tourist attractions in Karnataka
By virtue of its varied geography and long history, Karnataka hosts numerous spots of interest for tourists. There is an array of ancient sculptured temples, modern cities, scenic hill ranges, forests and beaches. Karnataka has been ranked as the fourth most popular destination for tourism among the states of India. Ka...
Karnataka has an array of ancient sculptured temples, modern cities, scenic hill ranges, forests and beaches. Places such as Kudremukh, Madikeri and Agumbe are from western ghats which have scenic hills. Hampi, Pattadakal are on the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites. Badami and Aihole are famous for Chalukyan archi...
information_extraction
What percent of the population were Hungarian?
In 1910, the village had 544, for the most part, Hungarian inhabitants. At the 2001 Census the recorded population of the village was 3804 while an end-2008 estimate by the Statistical Office had the village's population as 3794. As of 2001, 92.53% of its population were Hungarians while 6.07% were Slovaks. Roman Catho...
In 2001, 92.53% of its population were Hungarians.
closed_qa
Give me a bulleted list of the three trimesters and the corresponding weeks of pregnancy
Trimesters Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters, each lasting for approximately three months. The first trimester begins with the start of gestational age as described above, that is, the beginning of week 1, or 0 weeks + 0 days of gestational age (GA). It ends at week 12 (11 weeks + 6 days of GA) or end of week...
- First trimester is from 0-12 weeks - Second trimester is from 12-28 weeks - Third trimester is from 28 weeks until birth
summarization
Who is Franz Kafka?
Franz Kafka (3 July 1883 – 3 June 1924) was a German-speaking Bohemian novelist and short-story writer based in Prague, who is widely regarded as one of the major figures of 20th-century literature. His work fuses elements of realism and the fantastic. It typically features isolated protagonists facing bizarre or surre...
Franz Kafka was a German-speaking author who has had a major impact in literature. Common themes in his writing include realism and the fantastic. HIs most famous works are "The Metamorphosis", "The Trial", and "The Castle". The term "Kafkaesque" has been coined based on his writings.
summarization
Give a comma separated list of all the people listed in this passage about Jesse LaFollette
LaFollette was born near Morristown, New Jersey in 1781. His father, Joseph, and grandfather, Jean, were Huguenots who had escaped the persecution in France, traveling first to Jersey and then to the colonies where they operated a small farm near the Wallkill River in northern New Jersey. Jean was killed during the Fre...
Jesse LaFollette, Joseph LaFollette, Jean LaFollette, Phoebe Gobel, George Washington, Casimir Pulaski
information_extraction
Where is Danny Brannagan from
Danny Brannagan (born July 4, 1986) is a former professional Canadian football quarterback for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. Early years Brannagan attended high school at Assumption Catholic Secondary School in Burlington where in his 5th and final year in 2004, he led the Assumption Crusaders...
Danny Brannagan (born July 4, 1986) is a former professional Canadian football quarterback for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. Brannagan attended high school at Assumption Catholic Secondary School in Burlington where in his 5th and final year in 2004, he led the Assumption Crusaders to the GHAC...
summarization
From the passage provided, extract the company that all original presto developers joined in 2020
Presto was originally designed and developed at Facebook, Inc. (later renamed Meta) for their data analysts to run interactive queries on its large data warehouse in Apache Hadoop. The first four developers were Martin Traverso, Dain Sundstrom, David Phillips, and Eric Hwang. Before Presto, the data analysts at Faceboo...
Starburst
information_extraction
What kind of guitar pick did Stevie Ray Vaughan prefer?
Vaughan bought many Stratocasters and gave some away as gifts. A sunburst Diplomat Strat-style guitar was purchased by Vaughan and given to his girlfriend Janna Lapidus to learn to play on. Vaughan used a custom set of uncommonly heavy strings, gauges .013, .015, .019, .028, .038, .058, and tuned a half-step below stan...
SRV is known to have used Fender's medium gauge picks, but with an interesting quirk - he preferred the rounder edge over the pointy tip, which most players use.
closed_qa
Is Chi Kraeng River in South America, Southeast Asia, or Australia?
Chi Kraeng River is a river in Cambodia. It is a major tributary of the Tonlé Sap. The name means "great ancestor" in Khmer.
Southeast Asia
closed_qa
Extract how many meetings rooms and seats are available in the main hall from the passage provided
It has a plenary hall that has 5,000 seats. JCC also has an assembly hall with an area of 3,921 square metres. JCC has 13 various sized meeting rooms. JCC is connected to The Sultan Hotel & Residence Jakarta (formerly Jakarta Hilton International) by a tunnel. The tunnel has moving walkways and is air-conditioned.
The JCC or Jakarta Convention Center has 13 various sized meetings rooms. It currently has a capacity of 5,000 seats in the main plenary hall
information_extraction
Who is Mariano Sánchez?
Mariano Sánchez Martínez (born 28 January 1978) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. He appeared in 108 Segunda División games over three seasons, scoring two goals for Cartagena. Club career Born in San Pedro del Pinatar, Region of Murcia, Sánchez did not reach the Segund...
Mariano Sánchez Martínez, also known as Mariano Sánchez is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.
closed_qa
Wat is goede vrijdag?
Goede Vrijdag is de vrijdag voor Pasen. Op deze dag herdenken christenen de kruisiging en dood van Jezus. Jezus werd volgens de Bijbel veroordeeld tot de kruisdood door de Romeinse stadhouder Pontius Pilatus, op aandrang van het sanhedrin. Deze straf werd voltrokken op de heuvel Golgotha nabij de stad Jeruzalem. Goede ...
De dag dat Jezus gekruisigd werd
closed_qa
Please give me a brief history of the Edinburgh Central Library?
Today there are 28 public libraries in Edinburgh but, as the first to open in the Scottish capital, the creation of Central Library was funded with £50,000 by philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. At the opening ceremony a telegram from Carnegie was read out stating: "We trust that this Library is to grow in usefulness year ...
The Edinburgh Central Library was opened in 1890 on the site of the former home of Sir Thomas Hope, 1st Baronet Hope of Craighal with funding from Andrew Carnegie as part of the the Public Libraries Act. The building was designed by architect Washington Browne and stands three levels tall above George IV Bridge in th...
summarization
Based on the above passage, mention the list of countries where Bengal tiger inhabits now.
The Bengal tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies and the nominate Tiger subspecies. It ranks among the biggest wild cats alive today. It is considered to belong to the world's charismatic megafauna. The tiger is estimated to have been present in the Indian subcontinent since the Late Pleistoce...
As mentioned in the above passage, Bengal tiger inhabits India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and China.
information_extraction