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573406d1d058e614000b6801 | French_and_Indian_War | British victories continued in all theaters in the Annus Mirabilis of 1759, when they finally captured Ticonderoga, James Wolfe defeated Montcalm at Quebec (in a battle that claimed the lives of both commanders), and victory at Fort Niagara successfully cut off the French frontier forts further to the west and south. T... | Who defeated Montcalm at Quebec? | {
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573406d1d058e614000b6802 | French_and_Indian_War | British victories continued in all theaters in the Annus Mirabilis of 1759, when they finally captured Ticonderoga, James Wolfe defeated Montcalm at Quebec (in a battle that claimed the lives of both commanders), and victory at Fort Niagara successfully cut off the French frontier forts further to the west and south. T... | What was the significance of victory at Forth Niagara for British? | {
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"cut off the French frontier forts further to the west and south",
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573406d1d058e614000b6803 | French_and_Indian_War | British victories continued in all theaters in the Annus Mirabilis of 1759, when they finally captured Ticonderoga, James Wolfe defeated Montcalm at Quebec (in a battle that claimed the lives of both commanders), and victory at Fort Niagara successfully cut off the French frontier forts further to the west and south. T... | What battle outside Quebec City did British lose in 1760? | {
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573407d7d058e614000b6813 | French_and_Indian_War | In September 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil negotiated from Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst. Amherst granted Vaudreuil's request that any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue worshiping in their Roman Catholic tradition, continu... | In Sept 1760 who negotiated a capitulation from Montreal? | {
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573407d7d058e614000b6814 | French_and_Indian_War | In September 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil negotiated from Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst. Amherst granted Vaudreuil's request that any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue worshiping in their Roman Catholic tradition, continu... | What were requests made to British? | {
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573407d7d058e614000b6815 | French_and_Indian_War | In September 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil negotiated from Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst. Amherst granted Vaudreuil's request that any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue worshiping in their Roman Catholic tradition, continu... | What British General negotiated at Montreal? | {
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57340a094776f4190066177d | French_and_Indian_War | Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia, colonies containing approximately 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents. The deportation of Acadians beginning in 1755 resulted in land made available to migrants from Europe and the colonies further south. The British resettled many Acadians throu... | How many French colonists were gained by British? | {
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57340a094776f4190066177e | French_and_Indian_War | Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia, colonies containing approximately 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents. The deportation of Acadians beginning in 1755 resulted in land made available to migrants from Europe and the colonies further south. The British resettled many Acadians throu... | When was the deportation of Acadians? | {
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57340a094776f4190066177f | French_and_Indian_War | Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia, colonies containing approximately 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents. The deportation of Acadians beginning in 1755 resulted in land made available to migrants from Europe and the colonies further south. The British resettled many Acadians throu... | Where did British resettle many Acadians? | {
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57340a094776f41900661780 | French_and_Indian_War | Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia, colonies containing approximately 80,000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents. The deportation of Acadians beginning in 1755 resulted in land made available to migrants from Europe and the colonies further south. The British resettled many Acadians throu... | Although some Acadians went to France and other destiantions, what North American city did many move to? | {
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57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c | Force | With modern insights into quantum mechanics and technology that can accelerate particles close to the speed of light, particle physics has devised a Standard Model to describe forces between particles smaller than atoms. The Standard Model predicts that exchanged particles called gauge bosons are the fundamental means ... | What are the exchanged particles predicted by the standard Model? | {
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57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e | Force | With modern insights into quantum mechanics and technology that can accelerate particles close to the speed of light, particle physics has devised a Standard Model to describe forces between particles smaller than atoms. The Standard Model predicts that exchanged particles called gauge bosons are the fundamental means ... | What is the weakest main interaction? | {
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57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f | Force | The shortcomings of Aristotelian physics would not be fully corrected until the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei, who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus. Galileo constructed an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were both rolled down an ... | When were the shortcomings of Aristotle's physics overcome? | {
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57373f80c3c5551400e51e90 | Force | The shortcomings of Aristotelian physics would not be fully corrected until the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei, who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus. Galileo constructed an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were both rolled down an ... | Whose work corrected Aristotle's physics in the seventeenth century? | {
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57373f80c3c5551400e51e91 | Force | The shortcomings of Aristotelian physics would not be fully corrected until the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei, who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus. Galileo constructed an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were both rolled down an ... | What did objects in forced motion contain according to the late Medieval idea that influence Aristotle? | {
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57373f80c3c5551400e51e92 | Force | The shortcomings of Aristotelian physics would not be fully corrected until the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei, who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus. Galileo constructed an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were both rolled down an ... | Who experimented by rolling stones and canonballs down a steep incline? | {
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573766251c45671900574473 | Force | Since forces are perceived as pushes or pulls, this can provide an intuitive understanding for describing forces. As with other physical concepts (e.g. temperature), the intuitive understanding of forces is quantified using precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to a s... | What offers a conceptual definition of force? | {
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57377083c3c5551400e51ee3 | Force | A static equilibrium between two forces is the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales and spring balances. For example, an object suspended on a vertical spring scale experiences the force of gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the "spring reaction force... | Who expounded the Three Laws of Motion? | {
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57377862c3c5551400e51ef6 | Force | A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction. In such a situation, a force is applied in the direction of motion while the kinetic friction force exactly opposes the applied force. This results in zero net force, but since the object started with a non-z... | Who thought that applied force caused movement of an object regardless of non-zero velocity? | {
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57377aac1c45671900574479 | Force | The notion "force" keeps its meaning in quantum mechanics, though one is now dealing with operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schrödinger equation instead of Newtonian equations. This has the consequence that the results of a measurement are now sometimes "quantized",... | What equation currently decribes the physics of force. | {
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57377aac1c4567190057447a | Force | The notion "force" keeps its meaning in quantum mechanics, though one is now dealing with operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schrödinger equation instead of Newtonian equations. This has the consequence that the results of a measurement are now sometimes "quantized",... | What equation desribed the physics of force before the current Schrodinger equation? | {
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} | What equation desribed the physics of force before the current [MASK] equation? | [
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5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f | Force | All of the forces in the universe are based on four fundamental interactions. The strong and weak forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances, and are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles, including nucleons and compound nuclei. The electromagnetic force acts between electric... | How many interactions are all of the universal forces based on? | {
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} | How many interactions are all of the universal forces based on? | [
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573786b51c45671900574490 | Force | Newton came to realize that the effects of gravity might be observed in different ways at larger distances. In particular, Newton determined that the acceleration of the Moon around the Earth could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased as an inverse square law. Further, N... | What is included along with gravitational acceration, and mass of the Earth in a formula about rotation about the Earth? | {
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57378862c3c5551400e51f21 | Force | In this equation, a dimensional constant is used to describe the relative strength of gravity. This constant has come to be known as Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant, though its value was unknown in Newton's lifetime. Not until 1798 was Henry Cavendish able to make the first measurement of using a torsion bala... | What is used to figure the relative strengh of gravity? | {
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57378862c3c5551400e51f22 | Force | In this equation, a dimensional constant is used to describe the relative strength of gravity. This constant has come to be known as Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant, though its value was unknown in Newton's lifetime. Not until 1798 was Henry Cavendish able to make the first measurement of using a torsion bala... | Who made the first to measure value of the Newton Universal Gravitation Constant? | {
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57378862c3c5551400e51f24 | Force | In this equation, a dimensional constant is used to describe the relative strength of gravity. This constant has come to be known as Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant, though its value was unknown in Newton's lifetime. Not until 1798 was Henry Cavendish able to make the first measurement of using a torsion bala... | Who figured out that his law of gravity had to be universal? | {
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5737898f1c45671900574496 | Force | It was only the orbit of the planet Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation seemed not to fully explain. Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another planet (Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies; however, despite some early indications, no such planet could be found. When Albert Einstein formulated ... | What planet did astrophysisist predict to explain the problems with Mercury? | {
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5737898f1c45671900574498 | Force | It was only the orbit of the planet Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation seemed not to fully explain. Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another planet (Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies; however, despite some early indications, no such planet could be found. When Albert Einstein formulated ... | Who came up with the theory of relativity? | {
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5737898f1c45671900574499 | Force | It was only the orbit of the planet Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation seemed not to fully explain. Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another planet (Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies; however, despite some early indications, no such planet could be found. When Albert Einstein formulated ... | Who first showed that Newton's Theory of Gravity was not as correct as another theory? | {
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57378c9b1c456719005744a7 | Force | Through combining the definition of electric current as the time rate of change of electric charge, a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field. The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of a unified electromagnetic fo... | What is the law named that defines a charge moving through a magnetic field? | {
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57378e311c456719005744af | Force | The origin of electric and magnetic fields would not be fully explained until 1864 when James Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations by Oliver Heaviside and Josiah Willard Gibbs. These "Maxwell Equations" fully describe... | Who first fully explained the origins of magnetic and electric fields? | {
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57378e311c456719005744b0 | Force | The origin of electric and magnetic fields would not be fully explained until 1864 when James Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations by Oliver Heaviside and Josiah Willard Gibbs. These "Maxwell Equations" fully describe... | When did the origins of magnetic and electric fields occur? | {
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57378e311c456719005744b1 | Force | The origin of electric and magnetic fields would not be fully explained until 1864 when James Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations by Oliver Heaviside and Josiah Willard Gibbs. These "Maxwell Equations" fully describe... | How many scalar equations were formed into a set by James Maxwell? | {
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57378e311c456719005744b2 | Force | The origin of electric and magnetic fields would not be fully explained until 1864 when James Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations by Oliver Heaviside and Josiah Willard Gibbs. These "Maxwell Equations" fully describe... | How many vector equations did Heaviside and Gibbs reformilate Maxwell's 20 scalar equtions into? | {
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57378e311c456719005744b3 | Force | The origin of electric and magnetic fields would not be fully explained until 1864 when James Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations, which were later reformulated into 4 vector equations by Oliver Heaviside and Josiah Willard Gibbs. These "Maxwell Equations" fully describe... | Who discovered that magnetic and electric could self-generate? | {
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} | Who discovered that magnetic and electric could self-generate? | [
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573796edc3c5551400e51f36 | Force | The strong force only acts directly upon elementary particles. However, a residual of the force is observed between hadrons (the best known example being the force that acts between nucleons in atomic nuclei) as the nuclear force. Here the strong force acts indirectly, transmitted as gluons, which form part of the virt... | How are nuclear forces transmitted? | {
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} | How are nuclear forces transmitted? | [
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57379829c3c5551400e51f41 | Force | The weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity. The word "weak" derives from the fact that the field strength is some 1013 times less than that of the strong force. Still, it is stronger than gravi... | At what temperature do weak and electromagnetic forces appear the same? | {
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} | At what temperature do weak and electromagnetic forces appear the same? | [
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5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48 | Force | Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics in general were first developed to describe how forces affect idealized point particles rather than three-dimensional objects. However, in real life, matter has extended structure and forces that act on one part of an object might affect other parts of an object. For situations whe... | What didn't Newton's mechanics affext? | {
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} | What did n't [MASK] 's mechanics affext? | [
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5737a4511c456719005744e1 | Force | Torque is the rotation equivalent of force in the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum. As a consequence of Newton's First Law of Motion, there exists rotational inertia that ensures that all bodies maintain their angular momentu... | To calculate instant angular acceleration of a rigid body what would you use? | {
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} | To calculate instant angular acceleration of a rigid body what would you use? | [
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5737a7351c456719005744f5 | Force | A conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on the system. The force, therefore, is related direct... | What is the force called rgarding a potential field between two locations? | {
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} | What is the force called rgarding a potential field between [MASK] locations? | [
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5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64 | Force | The connection between macroscopic nonconservative forces and microscopic conservative forces is described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics. In macroscopic closed systems, nonconservative forces act to change the internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat. Accord... | What is the law of thermodynamics associated with closed system heat exchange? | {
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} | What is the law of thermodynamics associated with closed system heat exchange? | [
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5737aafd1c456719005744fe | Force | The pound-force has a metric counterpart, less commonly used than the newton: the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass. The kilogram-force leads to an alternate, but rarely used unit of mass: the metric slug (sometimes mug or hyl) is that mass that ... | What seldom used term of a unit of force equal to 1000 pound s of force? | {
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"text": [
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} | What seldom used term of a unit of force equal to [MASK] of force? | [
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5737aafd1c456719005744ff | Force | The pound-force has a metric counterpart, less commonly used than the newton: the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond), is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass. The kilogram-force leads to an alternate, but rarely used unit of mass: the metric slug (sometimes mug or hyl) is that mass that ... | What is the seldom used force unit equal to one thousand newtons? | {
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"sthène",
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} | What is the seldom used force unit equal to [MASK]? | [
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