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Datasets:
Shpigford
/
cron-schedule-conversion

Tasks:
Text Generation
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Languages:
English
Size:
1K - 10K
Tags:
cron
systemd
schedule
devops
Libraries:
Datasets
pandas
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natural_language
stringlengths
2
114
cron
stringlengths
9
60
systemd
stringlengths
11
65
note
stringclasses
172 values
split
stringclasses
1 value
every April Fools' Day at 8am
0 8 1 4 *
*-04-01 08:00:00
train
every 10 min
*/10 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/10:00
train
every Sunday at 3:30am except May
30 3 * 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 0
Sun *-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-* 03:30:00
Excludes May.
train
every 15 minutes during business hours
*/15 9-15 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 09..15:00/15:00
9-15 inclusive covers up to 15:59.
train
wind down at 10pm daily
0 22 * * *
*-*-* 22:00:00
'before bed' interpreted as 10pm.
train
every day at 22:00
0 22 * * *
*-*-* 22:00:00
train
Monday to Friday at 08:00
0 8 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 08:00:00
train
every 45 min
0,45 0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21 * * * 30 1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22 * * *
*-*-* *:0/45:00
Cron has no native 45-min interval — expanded across the day. systemd handles natively.
train
twice a day, at 09:00 and 12pm
0 9,12 * * *
*-*-* 09,12:00:00
train
every day at 11:30pm
30 23 * * *
*-*-* 23:30:00
train
twice a day, at 3:30 AM and 6:30am
30 3,6 * * *
*-*-* 03,06:30:00
train
Sun-Thu and Sat at midnight
0 0 * * 0-4,6
Sun..Thu,Sat *-*-* 00:00:00
Every day except Friday (DOW 5) at midnight.
train
each day at 3:00 AM
0 3 * * *
*-*-* 03:00:00
train
mon-fri 9 to 5 every 30 min
*/30 9-17 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 09..17:00/30:00
9-17 inclusive covers up to 17:59.
train
every Sunday at 5:00 PM except April
0 17 * 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 0
Sun *-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-* 17:00:00
Excludes April.
train
every day in October at 01:00
0 1 * 10 *
*-10-* 01:00:00
train
Mon-Fri at 4 o'clock pm
0 16 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 16:00:00
train
on weekends at noon
0 12 * * 0,6
Sat,Sun *-*-* 12:00:00
train
each day at 11am
0 11 * * *
*-*-* 11:00:00
train
once every 2 minutes
*/2 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/2:00
train
Thursdays at 6:30am
30 6 * * 4
Thu *-*-* 06:30:00
train
each Tuesday at 23:00
0 23 * * 2
Tue *-*-* 23:00:00
train
on the 1st of every month at 9:00 PM
0 21 1 * *
*-*-01 21:00:00
train
every Tuesday at 11:30
30 11 * * 2
Tue *-*-* 11:30:00
train
every Tuesday at 11:30 PM except February
30 23 * 1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 2
Tue *-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-* 23:30:00
Excludes February.
train
Sat-Sun at 8:15 AM
15 8 * * 0,6
Sat,Sun *-*-* 08:15:00
train
1 hour after the service starts
@reboot sleep 3600 && cmd
OnUnitActiveSec=1h
OnUnitActiveSec= = relative to service activation. systemd-only feature.
train
twice a day, at 00:30 and 8:30am
30 0,8 * * *
*-*-* 00,08:30:00
train
twice a day, at 01:30 and 9:30 AM
30 1,9 * * *
*-*-* 01,09:30:00
train
in the evening daily
0 19 * * *
*-*-* 19:00:00
'evening' interpreted as 7pm.
train
at 30-minute intervals
*/30 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/30:00
train
Every Friday at 5 PM, please initiate the end-of-week processing
0 17 * * 5
Fri *-*-* 17:00:00
train
every Tuesday and Friday at 6:30am
30 6 * * 2,5
Tue,Fri *-*-* 06:30:00
train
every weekend at 15:00
0 15 * * 0,6
Sat,Sun *-*-* 15:00:00
train
early morning every Sunday
0 5 * * 0
Sun *-*-* 05:00:00
Interpreted as 5am.
train
every Saturday at 3am except October
0 3 * 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12 6
Sat *-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12-* 03:00:00
Excludes October.
train
every 30 min
*/30 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/30:00
train
April 1 at 12 o'clock am
0 0 1 4 *
*-04-01 00:00:00
train
on weekends at 10:15am
15 10 * * 0,6
Sat,Sun *-*-* 10:15:00
train
on weekends at 9 o'clock am
0 9 * * 0,6
Sat,Sun *-*-* 09:00:00
train
every day in September at 9:30pm
30 21 * 9 *
*-09-* 21:30:00
train
first Saturday of every month at 02:00
0 2 1-7 * 6
Sat *-*-01..07 02:00:00
Day-of-month 1-7 + specific weekday = first occurrence in the month.
train
Thanksgiving morning at 11
0 11 22-28 11 4
Thu *-11-22..28 11:00:00
US Thanksgiving = 4th Thursday of Nov = DOM 22-28 + Thu.
train
November 3 at 11:30am
30 11 3 11 *
*-11-03 11:30:00
train
May 5 at 12:00
0 12 5 5 *
*-05-05 12:00:00
train
every Monday and Friday at 03:00
0 3 * * 1,5
Mon,Fri *-*-* 03:00:00
train
twice a day, at 8:30am and 8:30pm
30 8,20 * * *
*-*-* 08,20:30:00
train
every hour during business hours
0 9-17 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 09..17:00:00
train
every Wednesday at 17:00 except December
0 17 * 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 3
Wed *-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11-* 17:00:00
Excludes December.
train
weekdays at 11:00
0 11 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 11:00:00
train
Mon-Fri at 4:30 PM
30 16 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 16:30:00
train
once every 10 minutes
*/10 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/10:00
train
every 0:45 of an hour
0,45 0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21 * * * 30 1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22 * * *
*-*-* *:0/45:00
Cron has no native 45-min interval — expanded across the day. systemd handles natively.
train
every day in June at 10:30pm
30 22 * 6 *
*-06-* 22:30:00
train
first Monday of every month at 22:00
0 22 1-7 * 1
Mon *-*-01..07 22:00:00
Day-of-month 1-7 + specific weekday = first occurrence in the month.
train
every 15 minutes from 8am to 5pm on weekdays
*/15 8-16 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 08..16:00/15:00
8-16 inclusive covers up to 16:59.
train
every weekday at 7:30 AM
30 7 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 07:30:00
train
every 2 min
*/2 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/2:00
train
once every 3 hours
0 */3 * * *
*-*-* 00/3:00:00
train
every Friday at 3:30 PM except October
30 15 * 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12 5
Fri *-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12-* 15:30:00
Excludes October.
train
at 3-hour intervals
0 */3 * * *
*-*-* 00/3:00:00
train
Mon-Fri at 4:00 PM
0 16 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 16:00:00
train
Persistent daily job
0 0 * * *
OnCalendar=daily Persistent=true
Persistent=true is a systemd-specific flag — runs missed jobs on next boot. Cron has no equivalent.
train
first of every month at midnight
0 0 1 * *
*-*-01 00:00:00
train
every day at 2:00 PM
0 14 * * *
*-*-* 14:00:00
train
every single day at 7pm
0 19 * * *
*-*-* 19:00:00
train
every 10 minutes
*/10 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/10:00
train
at 5:30 PM every day
30 17 * * *
*-*-* 17:30:00
train
every 30 minutes between 8:00 and 17:00 on weekdays
*/30 8-16 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 08..16:00/30:00
8-16 inclusive covers up to 16:59.
train
every 4 hours
0 */4 * * *
*-*-* 00/4:00:00
train
at 3-hour intervals
0 */3 * * *
*-*-* 00/3:00:00
train
every 20 minutes between 8:00 and 18:00 on weekdays
*/20 8-17 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 08..17:00/20:00
8-17 inclusive covers up to 17:59.
train
every Monday at 1:30am except June
30 1 * 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12 1
Mon *-1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12-* 01:30:00
Excludes June.
train
every 10 minutes between 9:00 and 17:00 on weekdays
*/10 9-16 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 09..16:00/10:00
9-16 inclusive covers up to 16:59.
train
February 16 at 14:30
30 14 16 2 *
*-02-16 14:30:00
train
every 30 minutes
*/30 * * * *
*-*-* *:0/30:00
train
first Wednesday of every month at 10:30am
30 10 1-7 * 3
Wed *-*-01..07 10:30:00
Day-of-month 1-7 + specific weekday = first occurrence in the month.
train
once every 6 hours
0 */6 * * *
*-*-* 00/6:00:00
train
3pm Thursdays
0 15 * * 4
Thu *-*-* 15:00:00
train
on Thursdays at 19:15
15 19 * * 4
Thu *-*-* 19:15:00
train
every 30 minutes between 8:00 and 18:00 on weekdays
*/30 8-17 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 08..17:00/30:00
8-17 inclusive covers up to 17:59.
train
each Sunday at 3:30pm
30 15 * * 0
Sun *-*-* 15:30:00
train
the 1st of each month at 3 o'clock am
0 3 1 * *
*-*-01 03:00:00
train
Monday through Friday at 3:45 PM
45 15 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 15:45:00
train
every Sunday at 6:30 PM except March
30 18 * 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 0
Sun *-1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-* 18:30:00
Excludes March.
train
every day at 1:45 PM
45 13 * * *
*-*-* 13:45:00
train
every Tuesday and Saturday at 7:30am
30 7 * * 2,6
Tue,Sat *-*-* 07:30:00
train
T 9 / Th 15
0 9 * * 2 0 15 * * 4
Tue *-*-* 09:00:00 Thu *-*-* 15:00:00
Two schedules — different days, different times.
train
twice a day, at 3:00 AM and 7pm
0 3,19 * * *
*-*-* 03,19:00:00
train
every day in April at 6:00 AM
0 6 * 4 *
*-04-* 06:00:00
train
once a day at 4:30 PM
30 16 * * *
*-*-* 16:30:00
train
every Thursday and Saturday at 3 o'clock pm
0 15 * * 4,6
Thu,Sat *-*-* 15:00:00
train
on Tuesdays at 07:00
0 7 * * 2
Tue *-*-* 07:00:00
train
every Tuesday at 11:30 AM except December
30 11 * 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 2
Tue *-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11-* 11:30:00
Excludes December.
train
every Sunday and Tuesday at 1 o'clock am
0 1 * * 0,2
Sun,Tue *-*-* 01:00:00
train
every Thursday and Friday at 6:45 PM
45 18 * * 4,5
Thu,Fri *-*-* 18:45:00
train
every 15 minutes between 9:00 and 16:00 on weekdays
*/15 9-15 * * 1-5
Mon..Fri *-*-* 09..15:00/15:00
9-15 inclusive covers up to 15:59.
train
Tuesday 3am Jan through November
0 3 * 1-11 2
Tue *-01..11-* 03:00:00
Months 1-11 only excludes December (month 12).
train
at 9 o'clock pm every day
0 21 * * *
*-*-* 21:00:00
train
Wednesdays at 5pm
0 17 * * 3
Wed *-*-* 17:00:00
train
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

Shpigford/cron-schedule-conversion

Natural-language schedule descriptions paired with cron expressions and systemd OnCalendar strings.

Example

field value
natural_language every Tuesday at 3am except December
cron 0 3 * 1-11 2
systemd Tue *-01..11-* 03:00:00
note Months 1-11 only excludes December.
split test

Schema

column type description
natural_language string The schedule expressed in natural English
cron string Equivalent cron expression (multi-line for compound schedules)
systemd string Equivalent systemd OnCalendar string
note string Caveats, especially when cron cannot exactly express the schedule
split string "train" / "validation" / "test"

Coverage

  • Standard schedules (daily, weekly, monthly, every N minutes/hours)
  • Holidays (Christmas, Thanksgiving, Black Friday, Halloween, Valentine's Day, Independence Day, leap day)
  • Casual / fuzzy time references ("lunchtime", "before bed", "first thing", "crack of dawn", "end of business")
  • Ordinal weekdays ("second Tuesday of the month", "last Friday")
  • Negative specifications ("every day except Sunday", "all months except December")
  • Sub-minute intervals (cron limitations annotated in note)
  • Awkward intervals (every 90 minutes, every 7 minutes — cron limitations annotated)
  • Compound schedules requiring multiple cron lines (each separated by \n in the cron field)
  • systemd-specific features (OnBootSec=, Persistent=, RandomizedDelaySec=)
  • Time zones (UTC, ET, PST, etc — cron sets TZ=, systemd appends timezone)
  • Typos and informal phrasings

How it was built

  1. Hand-crafted seed examples (~85 cases) covering all the trick categories above.
  2. Templated generation — combinatorially expanded with random times, days, and intervals.
  3. LLM paraphrasing — each seed expanded into ~8 different natural-language phrasings via Claude Sonnet, with cron/systemd labels held constant.
  4. LLM novel-category generation — Claude generated new (nl, cron, systemd) tuples for weird categories, then a second pass verified each example for semantic correctness; rejected examples were dropped.
  5. All cron expressions validated with croniter.

Caveats

  • The model trained on this data emits a single best-guess for ambiguous fuzzy times (e.g., "morning" → 7am). Reasonable but opinionated.
  • For schedules cron cannot express natively ("every other week", "last Friday of month"), the dataset uses the closest valid cron and notes the limitation. Don't take cron field at face value when note is non-empty.
  • Vixie cron OR-matches DOM and DOW; the dataset assumes AND-matching. Verify on your specific cron implementation.
  • English only.

License

Apache 2.0.

Citation 

@misc{cron-schedule-conversion,
  author = {Pigford, Josh},
  title = {Cron Schedule Conversion Dataset},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Hugging Face},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/Shpigford/cron-schedule-conversion}
}
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