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import Mathlib.Algebra.Algebra.Quasispectrum import Mathlib.FieldTheory.IsAlgClosed.Spectrum import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Liouville import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Polynomial import Mathlib.Analysis.Analytic.RadiusLiminf import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.Module.CharacterSpace import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Exponential import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.UnitizationL1 #align_import analysis.normed_space.spectrum from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d608fc5d4e69d4cc21885913fb573a88b0deb521" open scoped ENNReal NNReal open NormedSpace -- For `NormedSpace.exp`. noncomputable def spectralRadius (𝕜 : Type*) {A : Type*} [NormedField 𝕜] [Ring A] [Algebra 𝕜 A] (a : A) : ℝ≥0∞ := ⨆ k ∈ spectrum 𝕜 a, ‖k‖₊ #align spectral_radius spectralRadius variable {𝕜 : Type*} {A : Type*} namespace spectrum section SpectrumCompact open Filter variable [NormedField 𝕜] [NormedRing A] [NormedAlgebra 𝕜 A] local notation "σ" => spectrum 𝕜 local notation "ρ" => resolventSet 𝕜 local notation "↑ₐ" => algebraMap 𝕜 A @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/NormedSpace/Spectrum.lean
79
80
theorem SpectralRadius.of_subsingleton [Subsingleton A] (a : A) : spectralRadius 𝕜 a = 0 := by
simp [spectralRadius]
import Mathlib.Tactic.NormNum import Mathlib.Tactic.TryThis import Mathlib.Util.AtomM set_option autoImplicit true namespace Mathlib.Tactic.Abel open Lean Elab Meta Tactic Qq initialize registerTraceClass `abel initialize registerTraceClass `abel.detail structure Context where α : Expr univ : Level α0 : Expr isGroup : Bool inst : Expr def mkContext (e : Expr) : MetaM Context := do let α ← inferType e let c ← synthInstance (← mkAppM ``AddCommMonoid #[α]) let cg ← synthInstance? (← mkAppM ``AddCommGroup #[α]) let u ← mkFreshLevelMVar _ ← isDefEq (.sort (.succ u)) (← inferType α) let α0 ← Expr.ofNat α 0 match cg with | some cg => return ⟨α, u, α0, true, cg⟩ | _ => return ⟨α, u, α0, false, c⟩ abbrev M := ReaderT Context AtomM def Context.app (c : Context) (n : Name) (inst : Expr) : Array Expr → Expr := mkAppN (((@Expr.const n [c.univ]).app c.α).app inst) def Context.mkApp (c : Context) (n inst : Name) (l : Array Expr) : MetaM Expr := do return c.app n (← synthInstance ((Expr.const inst [c.univ]).app c.α)) l def addG : Name → Name | .str p s => .str p (s ++ "g") | n => n def iapp (n : Name) (xs : Array Expr) : M Expr := do let c ← read return c.app (if c.isGroup then addG n else n) c.inst xs def term {α} [AddCommMonoid α] (n : ℕ) (x a : α) : α := n • x + a def termg {α} [AddCommGroup α] (n : ℤ) (x a : α) : α := n • x + a def mkTerm (n x a : Expr) : M Expr := iapp ``term #[n, x, a] def intToExpr (n : ℤ) : M Expr := do Expr.ofInt (mkConst (if (← read).isGroup then ``Int else ``Nat) []) n inductive NormalExpr : Type | zero (e : Expr) : NormalExpr | nterm (e : Expr) (n : Expr × ℤ) (x : ℕ × Expr) (a : NormalExpr) : NormalExpr deriving Inhabited def NormalExpr.e : NormalExpr → Expr | .zero e => e | .nterm e .. => e instance : Coe NormalExpr Expr where coe := NormalExpr.e def NormalExpr.term' (n : Expr × ℤ) (x : ℕ × Expr) (a : NormalExpr) : M NormalExpr := return .nterm (← mkTerm n.1 x.2 a) n x a def NormalExpr.zero' : M NormalExpr := return NormalExpr.zero (← read).α0 open NormalExpr theorem const_add_term {α} [AddCommMonoid α] (k n x a a') (h : k + a = a') : k + @term α _ n x a = term n x a' := by simp [h.symm, term, add_comm, add_assoc] theorem const_add_termg {α} [AddCommGroup α] (k n x a a') (h : k + a = a') : k + @termg α _ n x a = termg n x a' := by simp [h.symm, termg, add_comm, add_assoc] theorem term_add_const {α} [AddCommMonoid α] (n x a k a') (h : a + k = a') : @term α _ n x a + k = term n x a' := by simp [h.symm, term, add_assoc] theorem term_add_constg {α} [AddCommGroup α] (n x a k a') (h : a + k = a') : @termg α _ n x a + k = termg n x a' := by simp [h.symm, termg, add_assoc]
Mathlib/Tactic/Abel.lean
144
146
theorem term_add_term {α} [AddCommMonoid α] (n₁ x a₁ n₂ a₂ n' a') (h₁ : n₁ + n₂ = n') (h₂ : a₁ + a₂ = a') : @term α _ n₁ x a₁ + @term α _ n₂ x a₂ = term n' x a' := by
simp [h₁.symm, h₂.symm, term, add_nsmul, add_assoc, add_left_comm]
import Mathlib.RingTheory.QuotientNilpotent import Mathlib.RingTheory.Smooth.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.Unramified.Basic #align_import ring_theory.etale from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"73f96237417835f148a1f7bc1ff55f67119b7166" -- Porting note: added to make the syntax work below. open scoped TensorProduct universe u namespace Algebra section variable (R : Type u) [CommSemiring R] variable (A : Type u) [Semiring A] [Algebra R A] @[mk_iff] class FormallyEtale : Prop where comp_bijective : ∀ ⦃B : Type u⦄ [CommRing B], ∀ [Algebra R B] (I : Ideal B) (_ : I ^ 2 = ⊥), Function.Bijective ((Ideal.Quotient.mkₐ R I).comp : (A →ₐ[R] B) → A →ₐ[R] B ⧸ I) #align algebra.formally_etale Algebra.FormallyEtale end namespace FormallyEtale section variable {R : Type u} [CommSemiring R] variable {A : Type u} [Semiring A] [Algebra R A] variable {B : Type u} [CommRing B] [Algebra R B] (I : Ideal B)
Mathlib/RingTheory/Etale/Basic.lean
66
69
theorem iff_unramified_and_smooth : FormallyEtale R A ↔ FormallyUnramified R A ∧ FormallySmooth R A := by
rw [formallyUnramified_iff, formallySmooth_iff, formallyEtale_iff] simp_rw [← forall_and, Function.Bijective]
import Mathlib.Algebra.IsPrimePow import Mathlib.Algebra.Squarefree.Basic import Mathlib.Order.Hom.Bounded import Mathlib.Algebra.GCDMonoid.Basic #align_import ring_theory.chain_of_divisors from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f694c7dead66f5d4c80f446c796a5aad14707f0e" variable {M : Type*} [CancelCommMonoidWithZero M] theorem Associates.isAtom_iff {p : Associates M} (h₁ : p ≠ 0) : IsAtom p ↔ Irreducible p := ⟨fun hp => ⟨by simpa only [Associates.isUnit_iff_eq_one] using hp.1, fun a b h => (hp.le_iff.mp ⟨_, h⟩).casesOn (fun ha => Or.inl (a.isUnit_iff_eq_one.mpr ha)) fun ha => Or.inr (show IsUnit b by rw [ha] at h apply isUnit_of_associated_mul (show Associated (p * b) p by conv_rhs => rw [h]) h₁)⟩, fun hp => ⟨by simpa only [Associates.isUnit_iff_eq_one, Associates.bot_eq_one] using hp.1, fun b ⟨⟨a, hab⟩, hb⟩ => (hp.isUnit_or_isUnit hab).casesOn (fun hb => show b = ⊥ by rwa [Associates.isUnit_iff_eq_one, ← Associates.bot_eq_one] at hb) fun ha => absurd (show p ∣ b from ⟨(ha.unit⁻¹ : Units _), by rw [hab, mul_assoc, IsUnit.mul_val_inv ha, mul_one]⟩) hb⟩⟩ #align associates.is_atom_iff Associates.isAtom_iff open UniqueFactorizationMonoid multiplicity Irreducible Associates namespace DivisorChain theorem exists_chain_of_prime_pow {p : Associates M} {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) (hp : Prime p) : ∃ c : Fin (n + 1) → Associates M, c 1 = p ∧ StrictMono c ∧ ∀ {r : Associates M}, r ≤ p ^ n ↔ ∃ i, r = c i := by refine ⟨fun i => p ^ (i : ℕ), ?_, fun n m h => ?_, @fun y => ⟨fun h => ?_, ?_⟩⟩ · dsimp only rw [Fin.val_one', Nat.mod_eq_of_lt, pow_one] exact Nat.lt_succ_of_le (Nat.one_le_iff_ne_zero.mpr hn) · exact Associates.dvdNotUnit_iff_lt.mp ⟨pow_ne_zero n hp.ne_zero, p ^ (m - n : ℕ), not_isUnit_of_not_isUnit_dvd hp.not_unit (dvd_pow dvd_rfl (Nat.sub_pos_of_lt h).ne'), (pow_mul_pow_sub p h.le).symm⟩ · obtain ⟨i, i_le, hi⟩ := (dvd_prime_pow hp n).1 h rw [associated_iff_eq] at hi exact ⟨⟨i, Nat.lt_succ_of_le i_le⟩, hi⟩ · rintro ⟨i, rfl⟩ exact ⟨p ^ (n - i : ℕ), (pow_mul_pow_sub p (Nat.succ_le_succ_iff.mp i.2)).symm⟩ #align divisor_chain.exists_chain_of_prime_pow DivisorChain.exists_chain_of_prime_pow theorem element_of_chain_not_isUnit_of_index_ne_zero {n : ℕ} {i : Fin (n + 1)} (i_pos : i ≠ 0) {c : Fin (n + 1) → Associates M} (h₁ : StrictMono c) : ¬IsUnit (c i) := DvdNotUnit.not_unit (Associates.dvdNotUnit_iff_lt.2 (h₁ <| show (0 : Fin (n + 1)) < i from Fin.pos_iff_ne_zero.mpr i_pos)) #align divisor_chain.element_of_chain_not_is_unit_of_index_ne_zero DivisorChain.element_of_chain_not_isUnit_of_index_ne_zero theorem first_of_chain_isUnit {q : Associates M} {n : ℕ} {c : Fin (n + 1) → Associates M} (h₁ : StrictMono c) (h₂ : ∀ {r}, r ≤ q ↔ ∃ i, r = c i) : IsUnit (c 0) := by obtain ⟨i, hr⟩ := h₂.mp Associates.one_le rw [Associates.isUnit_iff_eq_one, ← Associates.le_one_iff, hr] exact h₁.monotone (Fin.zero_le i) #align divisor_chain.first_of_chain_is_unit DivisorChain.first_of_chain_isUnit theorem second_of_chain_is_irreducible {q : Associates M} {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) {c : Fin (n + 1) → Associates M} (h₁ : StrictMono c) (h₂ : ∀ {r}, r ≤ q ↔ ∃ i, r = c i) (hq : q ≠ 0) : Irreducible (c 1) := by cases' n with n; · contradiction refine (Associates.isAtom_iff (ne_zero_of_dvd_ne_zero hq (h₂.2 ⟨1, rfl⟩))).mp ⟨?_, fun b hb => ?_⟩ · exact ne_bot_of_gt (h₁ (show (0 : Fin (n + 2)) < 1 from Fin.one_pos)) obtain ⟨⟨i, hi⟩, rfl⟩ := h₂.1 (hb.le.trans (h₂.2 ⟨1, rfl⟩)) cases i · exact (Associates.isUnit_iff_eq_one _).mp (first_of_chain_isUnit h₁ @h₂) · simpa [Fin.lt_iff_val_lt_val] using h₁.lt_iff_lt.mp hb #align divisor_chain.second_of_chain_is_irreducible DivisorChain.second_of_chain_is_irreducible
Mathlib/RingTheory/ChainOfDivisors.lean
111
132
theorem eq_second_of_chain_of_prime_dvd {p q r : Associates M} {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) {c : Fin (n + 1) → Associates M} (h₁ : StrictMono c) (h₂ : ∀ {r : Associates M}, r ≤ q ↔ ∃ i, r = c i) (hp : Prime p) (hr : r ∣ q) (hp' : p ∣ r) : p = c 1 := by
cases' n with n · contradiction obtain ⟨i, rfl⟩ := h₂.1 (dvd_trans hp' hr) refine congr_arg c (eq_of_ge_of_not_gt ?_ fun hi => ?_) · rw [Fin.le_iff_val_le_val, Fin.val_one, Nat.succ_le_iff, ← Fin.val_zero' (n.succ + 1), ← Fin.lt_iff_val_lt_val, Fin.pos_iff_ne_zero] rintro rfl exact hp.not_unit (first_of_chain_isUnit h₁ @h₂) obtain rfl | ⟨j, rfl⟩ := i.eq_zero_or_eq_succ · cases hi refine not_irreducible_of_not_unit_dvdNotUnit (DvdNotUnit.not_unit (Associates.dvdNotUnit_iff_lt.2 (h₁ (show (0 : Fin (n + 2)) < j from ?_)))) ?_ hp.irreducible · simpa [Fin.succ_lt_succ_iff, Fin.lt_iff_val_lt_val] using hi · refine Associates.dvdNotUnit_iff_lt.2 (h₁ ?_) simpa only [Fin.coe_eq_castSucc] using Fin.lt_succ
import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Mirror import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Polynomial #align_import data.polynomial.unit_trinomial from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"302eab4f46abb63de520828de78c04cb0f9b5836" namespace Polynomial open scoped Polynomial open Finset section Semiring variable {R : Type*} [Semiring R] (k m n : ℕ) (u v w : R) noncomputable def trinomial := C u * X ^ k + C v * X ^ m + C w * X ^ n #align polynomial.trinomial Polynomial.trinomial theorem trinomial_def : trinomial k m n u v w = C u * X ^ k + C v * X ^ m + C w * X ^ n := rfl #align polynomial.trinomial_def Polynomial.trinomial_def variable {k m n u v w} theorem trinomial_leading_coeff' (hkm : k < m) (hmn : m < n) : (trinomial k m n u v w).coeff n = w := by rw [trinomial_def, coeff_add, coeff_add, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, if_neg (hkm.trans hmn).ne', if_neg hmn.ne', if_pos rfl, zero_add, zero_add] #align polynomial.trinomial_leading_coeff' Polynomial.trinomial_leading_coeff' theorem trinomial_middle_coeff (hkm : k < m) (hmn : m < n) : (trinomial k m n u v w).coeff m = v := by rw [trinomial_def, coeff_add, coeff_add, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, if_neg hkm.ne', if_pos rfl, if_neg hmn.ne, zero_add, add_zero] #align polynomial.trinomial_middle_coeff Polynomial.trinomial_middle_coeff
Mathlib/Algebra/Polynomial/UnitTrinomial.lean
61
64
theorem trinomial_trailing_coeff' (hkm : k < m) (hmn : m < n) : (trinomial k m n u v w).coeff k = u := by
rw [trinomial_def, coeff_add, coeff_add, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, coeff_C_mul_X_pow, if_pos rfl, if_neg hkm.ne, if_neg (hkm.trans hmn).ne, add_zero, add_zero]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Eval import Mathlib.RingTheory.Ideal.Quotient #align_import linear_algebra.smodeq from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"146d3d1fa59c091fedaad8a4afa09d6802886d24" open Submodule open Polynomial variable {R : Type*} [Ring R] variable {A : Type*} [CommRing A] variable {M : Type*} [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] (U U₁ U₂ : Submodule R M) variable {x x₁ x₂ y y₁ y₂ z z₁ z₂ : M} variable {N : Type*} [AddCommGroup N] [Module R N] (V V₁ V₂ : Submodule R N) set_option backward.isDefEq.lazyWhnfCore false in -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/12534 def SModEq (x y : M) : Prop := (Submodule.Quotient.mk x : M ⧸ U) = Submodule.Quotient.mk y #align smodeq SModEq notation:50 x " ≡ " y " [SMOD " N "]" => SModEq N x y variable {U U₁ U₂} set_option backward.isDefEq.lazyWhnfCore false in -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/12534 protected theorem SModEq.def : x ≡ y [SMOD U] ↔ (Submodule.Quotient.mk x : M ⧸ U) = Submodule.Quotient.mk y := Iff.rfl #align smodeq.def SModEq.def namespace SModEq theorem sub_mem : x ≡ y [SMOD U] ↔ x - y ∈ U := by rw [SModEq.def, Submodule.Quotient.eq] #align smodeq.sub_mem SModEq.sub_mem @[simp] theorem top : x ≡ y [SMOD (⊤ : Submodule R M)] := (Submodule.Quotient.eq ⊤).2 mem_top #align smodeq.top SModEq.top @[simp] theorem bot : x ≡ y [SMOD (⊥ : Submodule R M)] ↔ x = y := by rw [SModEq.def, Submodule.Quotient.eq, mem_bot, sub_eq_zero] #align smodeq.bot SModEq.bot @[mono] theorem mono (HU : U₁ ≤ U₂) (hxy : x ≡ y [SMOD U₁]) : x ≡ y [SMOD U₂] := (Submodule.Quotient.eq U₂).2 <| HU <| (Submodule.Quotient.eq U₁).1 hxy #align smodeq.mono SModEq.mono @[refl] protected theorem refl (x : M) : x ≡ x [SMOD U] := @rfl _ _ #align smodeq.refl SModEq.refl protected theorem rfl : x ≡ x [SMOD U] := SModEq.refl _ #align smodeq.rfl SModEq.rfl instance : IsRefl _ (SModEq U) := ⟨SModEq.refl⟩ @[symm] nonrec theorem symm (hxy : x ≡ y [SMOD U]) : y ≡ x [SMOD U] := hxy.symm #align smodeq.symm SModEq.symm @[trans] nonrec theorem trans (hxy : x ≡ y [SMOD U]) (hyz : y ≡ z [SMOD U]) : x ≡ z [SMOD U] := hxy.trans hyz #align smodeq.trans SModEq.trans instance instTrans : Trans (SModEq U) (SModEq U) (SModEq U) where trans := trans theorem add (hxy₁ : x₁ ≡ y₁ [SMOD U]) (hxy₂ : x₂ ≡ y₂ [SMOD U]) : x₁ + x₂ ≡ y₁ + y₂ [SMOD U] := by rw [SModEq.def] at hxy₁ hxy₂ ⊢ simp_rw [Quotient.mk_add, hxy₁, hxy₂] #align smodeq.add SModEq.add theorem smul (hxy : x ≡ y [SMOD U]) (c : R) : c • x ≡ c • y [SMOD U] := by rw [SModEq.def] at hxy ⊢ simp_rw [Quotient.mk_smul, hxy] #align smodeq.smul SModEq.smul theorem mul {I : Ideal A} {x₁ x₂ y₁ y₂ : A} (hxy₁ : x₁ ≡ y₁ [SMOD I]) (hxy₂ : x₂ ≡ y₂ [SMOD I]) : x₁ * x₂ ≡ y₁ * y₂ [SMOD I] := by simp only [SModEq.def, Ideal.Quotient.mk_eq_mk, map_mul] at hxy₁ hxy₂ ⊢ rw [hxy₁, hxy₂] theorem zero : x ≡ 0 [SMOD U] ↔ x ∈ U := by rw [SModEq.def, Submodule.Quotient.eq, sub_zero] #align smodeq.zero SModEq.zero theorem map (hxy : x ≡ y [SMOD U]) (f : M →ₗ[R] N) : f x ≡ f y [SMOD U.map f] := (Submodule.Quotient.eq _).2 <| f.map_sub x y ▸ mem_map_of_mem <| (Submodule.Quotient.eq _).1 hxy #align smodeq.map SModEq.map theorem comap {f : M →ₗ[R] N} (hxy : f x ≡ f y [SMOD V]) : x ≡ y [SMOD V.comap f] := (Submodule.Quotient.eq _).2 <| show f (x - y) ∈ V from (f.map_sub x y).symm ▸ (Submodule.Quotient.eq _).1 hxy #align smodeq.comap SModEq.comap
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/SModEq.lean
114
119
theorem eval {R : Type*} [CommRing R] {I : Ideal R} {x y : R} (h : x ≡ y [SMOD I]) (f : R[X]) : f.eval x ≡ f.eval y [SMOD I] := by
rw [SModEq.def] at h ⊢ show Ideal.Quotient.mk I (f.eval x) = Ideal.Quotient.mk I (f.eval y) replace h : Ideal.Quotient.mk I x = Ideal.Quotient.mk I y := h rw [← Polynomial.eval₂_at_apply, ← Polynomial.eval₂_at_apply, h]
import Mathlib.RingTheory.Polynomial.Cyclotomic.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.RootsOfUnity.Minpoly #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.cyclotomic.roots from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7fdeecc0d03cd40f7a165e6cf00a4d2286db599f" namespace Polynomial variable {R : Type*} [CommRing R] {n : ℕ} theorem isRoot_of_unity_of_root_cyclotomic {ζ : R} {i : ℕ} (hi : i ∈ n.divisors) (h : (cyclotomic i R).IsRoot ζ) : ζ ^ n = 1 := by rcases n.eq_zero_or_pos with (rfl | hn) · exact pow_zero _ have := congr_arg (eval ζ) (prod_cyclotomic_eq_X_pow_sub_one hn R).symm rw [eval_sub, eval_pow, eval_X, eval_one] at this convert eq_add_of_sub_eq' this convert (add_zero (M := R) _).symm apply eval_eq_zero_of_dvd_of_eval_eq_zero _ h exact Finset.dvd_prod_of_mem _ hi #align polynomial.is_root_of_unity_of_root_cyclotomic Polynomial.isRoot_of_unity_of_root_cyclotomic section IsDomain variable [IsDomain R] theorem _root_.isRoot_of_unity_iff (h : 0 < n) (R : Type*) [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] {ζ : R} : ζ ^ n = 1 ↔ ∃ i ∈ n.divisors, (cyclotomic i R).IsRoot ζ := by rw [← mem_nthRoots h, nthRoots, mem_roots <| X_pow_sub_C_ne_zero h _, C_1, ← prod_cyclotomic_eq_X_pow_sub_one h, isRoot_prod] #align is_root_of_unity_iff isRoot_of_unity_iff theorem _root_.IsPrimitiveRoot.isRoot_cyclotomic (hpos : 0 < n) {μ : R} (h : IsPrimitiveRoot μ n) : IsRoot (cyclotomic n R) μ := by rw [← mem_roots (cyclotomic_ne_zero n R), cyclotomic_eq_prod_X_sub_primitiveRoots h, roots_prod_X_sub_C, ← Finset.mem_def] rwa [← mem_primitiveRoots hpos] at h #align is_primitive_root.is_root_cyclotomic IsPrimitiveRoot.isRoot_cyclotomic private theorem isRoot_cyclotomic_iff' {n : ℕ} {K : Type*} [Field K] {μ : K} [NeZero (n : K)] : IsRoot (cyclotomic n K) μ ↔ IsPrimitiveRoot μ n := by -- in this proof, `o` stands for `orderOf μ` have hnpos : 0 < n := (NeZero.of_neZero_natCast K).out.bot_lt refine ⟨fun hμ => ?_, IsPrimitiveRoot.isRoot_cyclotomic hnpos⟩ have hμn : μ ^ n = 1 := by rw [isRoot_of_unity_iff hnpos _] exact ⟨n, n.mem_divisors_self hnpos.ne', hμ⟩ by_contra hnμ have ho : 0 < orderOf μ := (isOfFinOrder_iff_pow_eq_one.2 <| ⟨n, hnpos, hμn⟩).orderOf_pos have := pow_orderOf_eq_one μ rw [isRoot_of_unity_iff ho] at this obtain ⟨i, hio, hiμ⟩ := this replace hio := Nat.dvd_of_mem_divisors hio rw [IsPrimitiveRoot.not_iff] at hnμ rw [← orderOf_dvd_iff_pow_eq_one] at hμn have key : i < n := (Nat.le_of_dvd ho hio).trans_lt ((Nat.le_of_dvd hnpos hμn).lt_of_ne hnμ) have key' : i ∣ n := hio.trans hμn rw [← Polynomial.dvd_iff_isRoot] at hμ hiμ have hni : {i, n} ⊆ n.divisors := by simpa [Finset.insert_subset_iff, key'] using hnpos.ne' obtain ⟨k, hk⟩ := hiμ obtain ⟨j, hj⟩ := hμ have := prod_cyclotomic_eq_X_pow_sub_one hnpos K rw [← Finset.prod_sdiff hni, Finset.prod_pair key.ne, hk, hj] at this have hn := (X_pow_sub_one_separable_iff.mpr <| NeZero.natCast_ne n K).squarefree rw [← this, Squarefree] at hn specialize hn (X - C μ) ⟨(∏ x ∈ n.divisors \ {i, n}, cyclotomic x K) * k * j, by ring⟩ simp [Polynomial.isUnit_iff_degree_eq_zero] at hn theorem isRoot_cyclotomic_iff [NeZero (n : R)] {μ : R} : IsRoot (cyclotomic n R) μ ↔ IsPrimitiveRoot μ n := by have hf : Function.Injective _ := IsFractionRing.injective R (FractionRing R) haveI : NeZero (n : FractionRing R) := NeZero.nat_of_injective hf rw [← isRoot_map_iff hf, ← IsPrimitiveRoot.map_iff_of_injective hf, map_cyclotomic, ← isRoot_cyclotomic_iff'] #align polynomial.is_root_cyclotomic_iff Polynomial.isRoot_cyclotomic_iff
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/Cyclotomic/Roots.lean
107
113
theorem roots_cyclotomic_nodup [NeZero (n : R)] : (cyclotomic n R).roots.Nodup := by
obtain h | ⟨ζ, hζ⟩ := (cyclotomic n R).roots.empty_or_exists_mem · exact h.symm ▸ Multiset.nodup_zero rw [mem_roots <| cyclotomic_ne_zero n R, isRoot_cyclotomic_iff] at hζ refine Multiset.nodup_of_le (roots.le_of_dvd (X_pow_sub_C_ne_zero (NeZero.pos_of_neZero_natCast R) 1) <| cyclotomic.dvd_X_pow_sub_one n R) hζ.nthRoots_one_nodup
import Mathlib.Topology.Instances.Real import Mathlib.Order.Filter.Archimedean #align_import analysis.subadditive from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" noncomputable section open Set Filter Topology def Subadditive (u : ℕ → ℝ) : Prop := ∀ m n, u (m + n) ≤ u m + u n #align subadditive Subadditive namespace Subadditive variable {u : ℕ → ℝ} (h : Subadditive u) @[nolint unusedArguments] -- Porting note: was irreducible protected def lim (_h : Subadditive u) := sInf ((fun n : ℕ => u n / n) '' Ici 1) #align subadditive.lim Subadditive.lim
Mathlib/Analysis/Subadditive.lean
45
48
theorem lim_le_div (hbdd : BddBelow (range fun n => u n / n)) {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) : h.lim ≤ u n / n := by
rw [Subadditive.lim] exact csInf_le (hbdd.mono <| image_subset_range _ _) ⟨n, hn.bot_lt, rfl⟩
import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Splits #align_import algebra.cubic_discriminant from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"930133160e24036d5242039fe4972407cd4f1222" noncomputable section @[ext] structure Cubic (R : Type*) where (a b c d : R) #align cubic Cubic namespace Cubic open Cubic Polynomial open Polynomial variable {R S F K : Type*} instance [Inhabited R] : Inhabited (Cubic R) := ⟨⟨default, default, default, default⟩⟩ instance [Zero R] : Zero (Cubic R) := ⟨⟨0, 0, 0, 0⟩⟩ section Basic variable {P Q : Cubic R} {a b c d a' b' c' d' : R} [Semiring R] def toPoly (P : Cubic R) : R[X] := C P.a * X ^ 3 + C P.b * X ^ 2 + C P.c * X + C P.d #align cubic.to_poly Cubic.toPoly theorem C_mul_prod_X_sub_C_eq [CommRing S] {w x y z : S} : C w * (X - C x) * (X - C y) * (X - C z) = toPoly ⟨w, w * -(x + y + z), w * (x * y + x * z + y * z), w * -(x * y * z)⟩ := by simp only [toPoly, C_neg, C_add, C_mul] ring1 set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align cubic.C_mul_prod_X_sub_C_eq Cubic.C_mul_prod_X_sub_C_eq theorem prod_X_sub_C_eq [CommRing S] {x y z : S} : (X - C x) * (X - C y) * (X - C z) = toPoly ⟨1, -(x + y + z), x * y + x * z + y * z, -(x * y * z)⟩ := by rw [← one_mul <| X - C x, ← C_1, C_mul_prod_X_sub_C_eq, one_mul, one_mul, one_mul] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align cubic.prod_X_sub_C_eq Cubic.prod_X_sub_C_eq section Coeff private theorem coeffs : (∀ n > 3, P.toPoly.coeff n = 0) ∧ P.toPoly.coeff 3 = P.a ∧ P.toPoly.coeff 2 = P.b ∧ P.toPoly.coeff 1 = P.c ∧ P.toPoly.coeff 0 = P.d := by simp only [toPoly, coeff_add, coeff_C, coeff_C_mul_X, coeff_C_mul_X_pow] set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in norm_num intro n hn repeat' rw [if_neg] any_goals linarith only [hn] repeat' rw [zero_add] @[simp] theorem coeff_eq_zero {n : ℕ} (hn : 3 < n) : P.toPoly.coeff n = 0 := coeffs.1 n hn #align cubic.coeff_eq_zero Cubic.coeff_eq_zero @[simp] theorem coeff_eq_a : P.toPoly.coeff 3 = P.a := coeffs.2.1 #align cubic.coeff_eq_a Cubic.coeff_eq_a @[simp] theorem coeff_eq_b : P.toPoly.coeff 2 = P.b := coeffs.2.2.1 #align cubic.coeff_eq_b Cubic.coeff_eq_b @[simp] theorem coeff_eq_c : P.toPoly.coeff 1 = P.c := coeffs.2.2.2.1 #align cubic.coeff_eq_c Cubic.coeff_eq_c @[simp] theorem coeff_eq_d : P.toPoly.coeff 0 = P.d := coeffs.2.2.2.2 #align cubic.coeff_eq_d Cubic.coeff_eq_d theorem a_of_eq (h : P.toPoly = Q.toPoly) : P.a = Q.a := by rw [← coeff_eq_a, h, coeff_eq_a] #align cubic.a_of_eq Cubic.a_of_eq theorem b_of_eq (h : P.toPoly = Q.toPoly) : P.b = Q.b := by rw [← coeff_eq_b, h, coeff_eq_b] #align cubic.b_of_eq Cubic.b_of_eq theorem c_of_eq (h : P.toPoly = Q.toPoly) : P.c = Q.c := by rw [← coeff_eq_c, h, coeff_eq_c] #align cubic.c_of_eq Cubic.c_of_eq theorem d_of_eq (h : P.toPoly = Q.toPoly) : P.d = Q.d := by rw [← coeff_eq_d, h, coeff_eq_d] #align cubic.d_of_eq Cubic.d_of_eq theorem toPoly_injective (P Q : Cubic R) : P.toPoly = Q.toPoly ↔ P = Q := ⟨fun h ↦ Cubic.ext P Q (a_of_eq h) (b_of_eq h) (c_of_eq h) (d_of_eq h), congr_arg toPoly⟩ #align cubic.to_poly_injective Cubic.toPoly_injective theorem of_a_eq_zero (ha : P.a = 0) : P.toPoly = C P.b * X ^ 2 + C P.c * X + C P.d := by rw [toPoly, ha, C_0, zero_mul, zero_add] #align cubic.of_a_eq_zero Cubic.of_a_eq_zero theorem of_a_eq_zero' : toPoly ⟨0, b, c, d⟩ = C b * X ^ 2 + C c * X + C d := of_a_eq_zero rfl #align cubic.of_a_eq_zero' Cubic.of_a_eq_zero'
Mathlib/Algebra/CubicDiscriminant.lean
145
146
theorem of_b_eq_zero (ha : P.a = 0) (hb : P.b = 0) : P.toPoly = C P.c * X + C P.d := by
rw [of_a_eq_zero ha, hb, C_0, zero_mul, zero_add]
import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Topology import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Pointwise import Mathlib.Analysis.Seminorm import Mathlib.Analysis.LocallyConvex.Bounded import Mathlib.Analysis.RCLike.Basic #align_import analysis.convex.gauge from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"373b03b5b9d0486534edbe94747f23cb3712f93d" open NormedField Set open scoped Pointwise Topology NNReal noncomputable section variable {𝕜 E F : Type*} section AddCommGroup variable [AddCommGroup E] [Module ℝ E] def gauge (s : Set E) (x : E) : ℝ := sInf { r : ℝ | 0 < r ∧ x ∈ r • s } #align gauge gauge variable {s t : Set E} {x : E} {a : ℝ} theorem gauge_def : gauge s x = sInf ({ r ∈ Set.Ioi (0 : ℝ) | x ∈ r • s }) := rfl #align gauge_def gauge_def theorem gauge_def' : gauge s x = sInf {r ∈ Set.Ioi (0 : ℝ) | r⁻¹ • x ∈ s} := by congrm sInf {r | ?_} exact and_congr_right fun hr => mem_smul_set_iff_inv_smul_mem₀ hr.ne' _ _ #align gauge_def' gauge_def' private theorem gauge_set_bddBelow : BddBelow { r : ℝ | 0 < r ∧ x ∈ r • s } := ⟨0, fun _ hr => hr.1.le⟩ theorem Absorbent.gauge_set_nonempty (absorbs : Absorbent ℝ s) : { r : ℝ | 0 < r ∧ x ∈ r • s }.Nonempty := let ⟨r, hr₁, hr₂⟩ := (absorbs x).exists_pos ⟨r, hr₁, hr₂ r (Real.norm_of_nonneg hr₁.le).ge rfl⟩ #align absorbent.gauge_set_nonempty Absorbent.gauge_set_nonempty theorem gauge_mono (hs : Absorbent ℝ s) (h : s ⊆ t) : gauge t ≤ gauge s := fun _ => csInf_le_csInf gauge_set_bddBelow hs.gauge_set_nonempty fun _ hr => ⟨hr.1, smul_set_mono h hr.2⟩ #align gauge_mono gauge_mono theorem exists_lt_of_gauge_lt (absorbs : Absorbent ℝ s) (h : gauge s x < a) : ∃ b, 0 < b ∧ b < a ∧ x ∈ b • s := by obtain ⟨b, ⟨hb, hx⟩, hba⟩ := exists_lt_of_csInf_lt absorbs.gauge_set_nonempty h exact ⟨b, hb, hba, hx⟩ #align exists_lt_of_gauge_lt exists_lt_of_gauge_lt @[simp] theorem gauge_zero : gauge s 0 = 0 := by rw [gauge_def'] by_cases h : (0 : E) ∈ s · simp only [smul_zero, sep_true, h, csInf_Ioi] · simp only [smul_zero, sep_false, h, Real.sInf_empty] #align gauge_zero gauge_zero @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/Convex/Gauge.lean
103
110
theorem gauge_zero' : gauge (0 : Set E) = 0 := by
ext x rw [gauge_def'] obtain rfl | hx := eq_or_ne x 0 · simp only [csInf_Ioi, mem_zero, Pi.zero_apply, eq_self_iff_true, sep_true, smul_zero] · simp only [mem_zero, Pi.zero_apply, inv_eq_zero, smul_eq_zero] convert Real.sInf_empty exact eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem.2 fun r hr => hr.2.elim (ne_of_gt hr.1) hx
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Shapes.BinaryProducts import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Preserves.Basic #align_import category_theory.limits.preserves.shapes.binary_products from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"024a4231815538ac739f52d08dd20a55da0d6b23" noncomputable section universe v₁ v₂ u₁ u₂ open CategoryTheory CategoryTheory.Category CategoryTheory.Limits variable {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁} C] variable {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂} D] variable (G : C ⥤ D) namespace CategoryTheory.Limits section variable {P X Y Z : C} (f : P ⟶ X) (g : P ⟶ Y) def isLimitMapConeBinaryFanEquiv : IsLimit (G.mapCone (BinaryFan.mk f g)) ≃ IsLimit (BinaryFan.mk (G.map f) (G.map g)) := (IsLimit.postcomposeHomEquiv (diagramIsoPair _) _).symm.trans (IsLimit.equivIsoLimit (Cones.ext (Iso.refl _) (by rintro (_ | _) <;> simp))) #align category_theory.limits.is_limit_map_cone_binary_fan_equiv CategoryTheory.Limits.isLimitMapConeBinaryFanEquiv def mapIsLimitOfPreservesOfIsLimit [PreservesLimit (pair X Y) G] (l : IsLimit (BinaryFan.mk f g)) : IsLimit (BinaryFan.mk (G.map f) (G.map g)) := isLimitMapConeBinaryFanEquiv G f g (PreservesLimit.preserves l) #align category_theory.limits.map_is_limit_of_preserves_of_is_limit CategoryTheory.Limits.mapIsLimitOfPreservesOfIsLimit def isLimitOfReflectsOfMapIsLimit [ReflectsLimit (pair X Y) G] (l : IsLimit (BinaryFan.mk (G.map f) (G.map g))) : IsLimit (BinaryFan.mk f g) := ReflectsLimit.reflects ((isLimitMapConeBinaryFanEquiv G f g).symm l) #align category_theory.limits.is_limit_of_reflects_of_map_is_limit CategoryTheory.Limits.isLimitOfReflectsOfMapIsLimit variable (X Y) [HasBinaryProduct X Y] def isLimitOfHasBinaryProductOfPreservesLimit [PreservesLimit (pair X Y) G] : IsLimit (BinaryFan.mk (G.map (Limits.prod.fst : X ⨯ Y ⟶ X)) (G.map Limits.prod.snd)) := mapIsLimitOfPreservesOfIsLimit G _ _ (prodIsProd X Y) #align category_theory.limits.is_limit_of_has_binary_product_of_preserves_limit CategoryTheory.Limits.isLimitOfHasBinaryProductOfPreservesLimit variable [HasBinaryProduct (G.obj X) (G.obj Y)] def PreservesLimitPair.ofIsoProdComparison [i : IsIso (prodComparison G X Y)] : PreservesLimit (pair X Y) G := by apply preservesLimitOfPreservesLimitCone (prodIsProd X Y) apply (isLimitMapConeBinaryFanEquiv _ _ _).symm _ refine @IsLimit.ofPointIso _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (limit.isLimit (pair (G.obj X) (G.obj Y))) ?_ apply i #align category_theory.limits.preserves_limit_pair.of_iso_prod_comparison CategoryTheory.Limits.PreservesLimitPair.ofIsoProdComparison variable [PreservesLimit (pair X Y) G] def PreservesLimitPair.iso : G.obj (X ⨯ Y) ≅ G.obj X ⨯ G.obj Y := IsLimit.conePointUniqueUpToIso (isLimitOfHasBinaryProductOfPreservesLimit G X Y) (limit.isLimit _) #align category_theory.limits.preserves_limit_pair.iso CategoryTheory.Limits.PreservesLimitPair.iso @[simp] theorem PreservesLimitPair.iso_hom : (PreservesLimitPair.iso G X Y).hom = prodComparison G X Y := rfl #align category_theory.limits.preserves_limit_pair.iso_hom CategoryTheory.Limits.PreservesLimitPair.iso_hom @[simp]
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/Limits/Preserves/Shapes/BinaryProducts.lean
100
103
theorem PreservesLimitPair.iso_inv_fst : (PreservesLimitPair.iso G X Y).inv ≫ G.map prod.fst = prod.fst := by
rw [← Iso.cancel_iso_hom_left (PreservesLimitPair.iso G X Y), ← Category.assoc, Iso.hom_inv_id] simp
import Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Equiv.TypeTags import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.Defs import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.LinearMap.Basic import Mathlib.Algebra.MonoidAlgebra.Basic import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dual import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Contraction import Mathlib.RingTheory.TensorProduct.Basic #align_import representation_theory.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"c04bc6e93e23aa0182aba53661a2211e80b6feac" open MonoidAlgebra (lift of) open LinearMap section variable (k G V : Type*) [CommSemiring k] [Monoid G] [AddCommMonoid V] [Module k V] abbrev Representation := G →* V →ₗ[k] V #align representation Representation end namespace Representation section MonoidAlgebra variable {k G V : Type*} [CommSemiring k] [Monoid G] [AddCommMonoid V] [Module k V] variable (ρ : Representation k G V) noncomputable def asAlgebraHom : MonoidAlgebra k G →ₐ[k] Module.End k V := (lift k G _) ρ #align representation.as_algebra_hom Representation.asAlgebraHom theorem asAlgebraHom_def : asAlgebraHom ρ = (lift k G _) ρ := rfl #align representation.as_algebra_hom_def Representation.asAlgebraHom_def @[simp] theorem asAlgebraHom_single (g : G) (r : k) : asAlgebraHom ρ (Finsupp.single g r) = r • ρ g := by simp only [asAlgebraHom_def, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single] #align representation.as_algebra_hom_single Representation.asAlgebraHom_single theorem asAlgebraHom_single_one (g : G) : asAlgebraHom ρ (Finsupp.single g 1) = ρ g := by simp #align representation.as_algebra_hom_single_one Representation.asAlgebraHom_single_one theorem asAlgebraHom_of (g : G) : asAlgebraHom ρ (of k G g) = ρ g := by simp only [MonoidAlgebra.of_apply, asAlgebraHom_single, one_smul] #align representation.as_algebra_hom_of Representation.asAlgebraHom_of @[nolint unusedArguments] def asModule (_ : Representation k G V) := V #align representation.as_module Representation.asModule -- Porting note: no derive handler instance : AddCommMonoid (ρ.asModule) := inferInstanceAs <| AddCommMonoid V instance : Inhabited ρ.asModule where default := 0 noncomputable instance asModuleModule : Module (MonoidAlgebra k G) ρ.asModule := Module.compHom V (asAlgebraHom ρ).toRingHom #align representation.as_module_module Representation.asModuleModule -- Porting note: ρ.asModule doesn't unfold now instance : Module k ρ.asModule := inferInstanceAs <| Module k V def asModuleEquiv : ρ.asModule ≃+ V := AddEquiv.refl _ #align representation.as_module_equiv Representation.asModuleEquiv @[simp] theorem asModuleEquiv_map_smul (r : MonoidAlgebra k G) (x : ρ.asModule) : ρ.asModuleEquiv (r • x) = ρ.asAlgebraHom r (ρ.asModuleEquiv x) := rfl #align representation.as_module_equiv_map_smul Representation.asModuleEquiv_map_smul @[simp] theorem asModuleEquiv_symm_map_smul (r : k) (x : V) : ρ.asModuleEquiv.symm (r • x) = algebraMap k (MonoidAlgebra k G) r • ρ.asModuleEquiv.symm x := by apply_fun ρ.asModuleEquiv simp #align representation.as_module_equiv_symm_map_smul Representation.asModuleEquiv_symm_map_smul @[simp] theorem asModuleEquiv_symm_map_rho (g : G) (x : V) : ρ.asModuleEquiv.symm (ρ g x) = MonoidAlgebra.of k G g • ρ.asModuleEquiv.symm x := by apply_fun ρ.asModuleEquiv simp #align representation.as_module_equiv_symm_map_rho Representation.asModuleEquiv_symm_map_rho noncomputable def ofModule' (M : Type*) [AddCommMonoid M] [Module k M] [Module (MonoidAlgebra k G) M] [IsScalarTower k (MonoidAlgebra k G) M] : Representation k G M := (MonoidAlgebra.lift k G (M →ₗ[k] M)).symm (Algebra.lsmul k k M) #align representation.of_module' Representation.ofModule' section variable (M : Type*) [AddCommMonoid M] [Module (MonoidAlgebra k G) M] noncomputable def ofModule : Representation k G (RestrictScalars k (MonoidAlgebra k G) M) := (MonoidAlgebra.lift k G (RestrictScalars k (MonoidAlgebra k G) M →ₗ[k] RestrictScalars k (MonoidAlgebra k G) M)).symm (RestrictScalars.lsmul k (MonoidAlgebra k G) M) #align representation.of_module Representation.ofModule @[simp]
Mathlib/RepresentationTheory/Basic.lean
221
234
theorem ofModule_asAlgebraHom_apply_apply (r : MonoidAlgebra k G) (m : RestrictScalars k (MonoidAlgebra k G) M) : ((ofModule M).asAlgebraHom r) m = (RestrictScalars.addEquiv _ _ _).symm (r • RestrictScalars.addEquiv _ _ _ m) := by
apply MonoidAlgebra.induction_on r · intro g simp only [one_smul, MonoidAlgebra.lift_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply, Representation.asAlgebraHom_single, Representation.ofModule, AddEquiv.apply_eq_iff_eq, RestrictScalars.lsmul_apply_apply] · intro f g fw gw simp only [fw, gw, map_add, add_smul, LinearMap.add_apply] · intro r f w simp only [w, AlgHom.map_smul, LinearMap.smul_apply, RestrictScalars.addEquiv_symm_map_smul_smul]
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Contraction #align_import linear_algebra.coevaluation from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d6814c584384ddf2825ff038e868451a7c956f31" noncomputable section section coevaluation open TensorProduct FiniteDimensional open TensorProduct universe u v variable (K : Type u) [Field K] variable (V : Type v) [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] [FiniteDimensional K V] def coevaluation : K →ₗ[K] V ⊗[K] Module.Dual K V := let bV := Basis.ofVectorSpace K V (Basis.singleton Unit K).constr K fun _ => ∑ i : Basis.ofVectorSpaceIndex K V, bV i ⊗ₜ[K] bV.coord i #align coevaluation coevaluation theorem coevaluation_apply_one : (coevaluation K V) (1 : K) = let bV := Basis.ofVectorSpace K V ∑ i : Basis.ofVectorSpaceIndex K V, bV i ⊗ₜ[K] bV.coord i := by simp only [coevaluation, id] rw [(Basis.singleton Unit K).constr_apply_fintype K] simp only [Fintype.univ_punit, Finset.sum_const, one_smul, Basis.singleton_repr, Basis.equivFun_apply, Basis.coe_ofVectorSpace, one_nsmul, Finset.card_singleton] #align coevaluation_apply_one coevaluation_apply_one open TensorProduct
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Coevaluation.lean
61
76
theorem contractLeft_assoc_coevaluation : (contractLeft K V).rTensor _ ∘ₗ (TensorProduct.assoc K _ _ _).symm.toLinearMap ∘ₗ (coevaluation K V).lTensor (Module.Dual K V) = (TensorProduct.lid K _).symm.toLinearMap ∘ₗ (TensorProduct.rid K _).toLinearMap := by
letI := Classical.decEq (Basis.ofVectorSpaceIndex K V) apply TensorProduct.ext apply (Basis.ofVectorSpace K V).dualBasis.ext; intro j; apply LinearMap.ext_ring rw [LinearMap.compr₂_apply, LinearMap.compr₂_apply, TensorProduct.mk_apply] simp only [LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply, LinearEquiv.coe_toLinearMap] rw [rid_tmul, one_smul, lid_symm_apply] simp only [LinearEquiv.coe_toLinearMap, LinearMap.lTensor_tmul, coevaluation_apply_one] rw [TensorProduct.tmul_sum, map_sum]; simp only [assoc_symm_tmul] rw [map_sum]; simp only [LinearMap.rTensor_tmul, contractLeft_apply] simp only [Basis.coe_dualBasis, Basis.coord_apply, Basis.repr_self_apply, TensorProduct.ite_tmul] rw [Finset.sum_ite_eq']; simp only [Finset.mem_univ, if_true]
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.NNReal #align_import analysis.special_functions.pow.asymptotics from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"0b9eaaa7686280fad8cce467f5c3c57ee6ce77f8" set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false noncomputable section open scoped Classical open Real Topology NNReal ENNReal Filter ComplexConjugate Finset Set section Limits open Real Filter
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Pow/Asymptotics.lean
36
46
theorem tendsto_rpow_atTop {y : ℝ} (hy : 0 < y) : Tendsto (fun x : ℝ => x ^ y) atTop atTop := by
rw [tendsto_atTop_atTop] intro b use max b 0 ^ (1 / y) intro x hx exact le_of_max_le_left (by convert rpow_le_rpow (rpow_nonneg (le_max_right b 0) (1 / y)) hx (le_of_lt hy) using 1 rw [← rpow_mul (le_max_right b 0), (eq_div_iff (ne_of_gt hy)).mp rfl, Real.rpow_one])
import Mathlib.Logic.Encodable.Lattice import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.MeasurableSpace.Defs #align_import measure_theory.pi_system from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"98e83c3d541c77cdb7da20d79611a780ff8e7d90" open MeasurableSpace Set open scoped Classical open MeasureTheory def IsPiSystem {α} (C : Set (Set α)) : Prop := ∀ᵉ (s ∈ C) (t ∈ C), (s ∩ t : Set α).Nonempty → s ∩ t ∈ C #align is_pi_system IsPiSystem theorem IsPiSystem.singleton {α} (S : Set α) : IsPiSystem ({S} : Set (Set α)) := by intro s h_s t h_t _ rw [Set.mem_singleton_iff.1 h_s, Set.mem_singleton_iff.1 h_t, Set.inter_self, Set.mem_singleton_iff] #align is_pi_system.singleton IsPiSystem.singleton theorem IsPiSystem.insert_empty {α} {S : Set (Set α)} (h_pi : IsPiSystem S) : IsPiSystem (insert ∅ S) := by intro s hs t ht hst cases' hs with hs hs · simp [hs] · cases' ht with ht ht · simp [ht] · exact Set.mem_insert_of_mem _ (h_pi s hs t ht hst) #align is_pi_system.insert_empty IsPiSystem.insert_empty theorem IsPiSystem.insert_univ {α} {S : Set (Set α)} (h_pi : IsPiSystem S) : IsPiSystem (insert Set.univ S) := by intro s hs t ht hst cases' hs with hs hs · cases' ht with ht ht <;> simp [hs, ht] · cases' ht with ht ht · simp [hs, ht] · exact Set.mem_insert_of_mem _ (h_pi s hs t ht hst) #align is_pi_system.insert_univ IsPiSystem.insert_univ theorem IsPiSystem.comap {α β} {S : Set (Set β)} (h_pi : IsPiSystem S) (f : α → β) : IsPiSystem { s : Set α | ∃ t ∈ S, f ⁻¹' t = s } := by rintro _ ⟨s, hs_mem, rfl⟩ _ ⟨t, ht_mem, rfl⟩ hst rw [← Set.preimage_inter] at hst ⊢ exact ⟨s ∩ t, h_pi s hs_mem t ht_mem (nonempty_of_nonempty_preimage hst), rfl⟩ #align is_pi_system.comap IsPiSystem.comap theorem isPiSystem_iUnion_of_directed_le {α ι} (p : ι → Set (Set α)) (hp_pi : ∀ n, IsPiSystem (p n)) (hp_directed : Directed (· ≤ ·) p) : IsPiSystem (⋃ n, p n) := by intro t1 ht1 t2 ht2 h rw [Set.mem_iUnion] at ht1 ht2 ⊢ cases' ht1 with n ht1 cases' ht2 with m ht2 obtain ⟨k, hpnk, hpmk⟩ : ∃ k, p n ≤ p k ∧ p m ≤ p k := hp_directed n m exact ⟨k, hp_pi k t1 (hpnk ht1) t2 (hpmk ht2) h⟩ #align is_pi_system_Union_of_directed_le isPiSystem_iUnion_of_directed_le theorem isPiSystem_iUnion_of_monotone {α ι} [SemilatticeSup ι] (p : ι → Set (Set α)) (hp_pi : ∀ n, IsPiSystem (p n)) (hp_mono : Monotone p) : IsPiSystem (⋃ n, p n) := isPiSystem_iUnion_of_directed_le p hp_pi (Monotone.directed_le hp_mono) #align is_pi_system_Union_of_monotone isPiSystem_iUnion_of_monotone section Order variable {α : Type*} {ι ι' : Sort*} [LinearOrder α] theorem isPiSystem_image_Iio (s : Set α) : IsPiSystem (Iio '' s) := by rintro _ ⟨a, ha, rfl⟩ _ ⟨b, hb, rfl⟩ - exact ⟨a ⊓ b, inf_ind a b ha hb, Iio_inter_Iio.symm⟩ #align is_pi_system_image_Iio isPiSystem_image_Iio theorem isPiSystem_Iio : IsPiSystem (range Iio : Set (Set α)) := @image_univ α _ Iio ▸ isPiSystem_image_Iio univ #align is_pi_system_Iio isPiSystem_Iio theorem isPiSystem_image_Ioi (s : Set α) : IsPiSystem (Ioi '' s) := @isPiSystem_image_Iio αᵒᵈ _ s #align is_pi_system_image_Ioi isPiSystem_image_Ioi theorem isPiSystem_Ioi : IsPiSystem (range Ioi : Set (Set α)) := @image_univ α _ Ioi ▸ isPiSystem_image_Ioi univ #align is_pi_system_Ioi isPiSystem_Ioi
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/PiSystem.lean
149
151
theorem isPiSystem_image_Iic (s : Set α) : IsPiSystem (Iic '' s) := by
rintro _ ⟨a, ha, rfl⟩ _ ⟨b, hb, rfl⟩ - exact ⟨a ⊓ b, inf_ind a b ha hb, Iic_inter_Iic.symm⟩
import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Fin import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Choose.Sum import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Factorial.BigOperators import Mathlib.Data.Fin.VecNotation import Mathlib.Data.Finset.Sym import Mathlib.Data.Finsupp.Multiset #align_import data.nat.choose.multinomial from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2738d2ca56cbc63be80c3bd48e9ed90ad94e947d" open Finset open scoped Nat namespace Nat variable {α : Type*} (s : Finset α) (f : α → ℕ) {a b : α} (n : ℕ) def multinomial : ℕ := (∑ i ∈ s, f i)! / ∏ i ∈ s, (f i)! #align nat.multinomial Nat.multinomial theorem multinomial_pos : 0 < multinomial s f := Nat.div_pos (le_of_dvd (factorial_pos _) (prod_factorial_dvd_factorial_sum s f)) (prod_factorial_pos s f) #align nat.multinomial_pos Nat.multinomial_pos theorem multinomial_spec : (∏ i ∈ s, (f i)!) * multinomial s f = (∑ i ∈ s, f i)! := Nat.mul_div_cancel' (prod_factorial_dvd_factorial_sum s f) #align nat.multinomial_spec Nat.multinomial_spec @[simp] lemma multinomial_empty : multinomial ∅ f = 1 := by simp [multinomial] #align nat.multinomial_nil Nat.multinomial_empty @[deprecated (since := "2024-06-01")] alias multinomial_nil := multinomial_empty variable {s f} lemma multinomial_cons (ha : a ∉ s) (f : α → ℕ) : multinomial (s.cons a ha) f = (f a + ∑ i ∈ s, f i).choose (f a) * multinomial s f := by rw [multinomial, Nat.div_eq_iff_eq_mul_left _ (prod_factorial_dvd_factorial_sum _ _), prod_cons, multinomial, mul_assoc, mul_left_comm _ (f a)!, Nat.div_mul_cancel (prod_factorial_dvd_factorial_sum _ _), ← mul_assoc, Nat.choose_symm_add, Nat.add_choose_mul_factorial_mul_factorial, Finset.sum_cons] positivity lemma multinomial_insert [DecidableEq α] (ha : a ∉ s) (f : α → ℕ) : multinomial (insert a s) f = (f a + ∑ i ∈ s, f i).choose (f a) * multinomial s f := by rw [← cons_eq_insert _ _ ha, multinomial_cons] #align nat.multinomial_insert Nat.multinomial_insert @[simp] lemma multinomial_singleton (a : α) (f : α → ℕ) : multinomial {a} f = 1 := by rw [← cons_empty, multinomial_cons]; simp #align nat.multinomial_singleton Nat.multinomial_singleton @[simp] theorem multinomial_insert_one [DecidableEq α] (h : a ∉ s) (h₁ : f a = 1) : multinomial (insert a s) f = (s.sum f).succ * multinomial s f := by simp only [multinomial, one_mul, factorial] rw [Finset.sum_insert h, Finset.prod_insert h, h₁, add_comm, ← succ_eq_add_one, factorial_succ] simp only [factorial_one, one_mul, Function.comp_apply, factorial, mul_one, ← one_eq_succ_zero] rw [Nat.mul_div_assoc _ (prod_factorial_dvd_factorial_sum _ _)] #align nat.multinomial_insert_one Nat.multinomial_insert_one theorem multinomial_congr {f g : α → ℕ} (h : ∀ a ∈ s, f a = g a) : multinomial s f = multinomial s g := by simp only [multinomial]; congr 1 · rw [Finset.sum_congr rfl h] · exact Finset.prod_congr rfl fun a ha => by rw [h a ha] #align nat.multinomial_congr Nat.multinomial_congr theorem binomial_eq [DecidableEq α] (h : a ≠ b) : multinomial {a, b} f = (f a + f b)! / ((f a)! * (f b)!) := by simp [multinomial, Finset.sum_pair h, Finset.prod_pair h] #align nat.binomial_eq Nat.binomial_eq theorem binomial_eq_choose [DecidableEq α] (h : a ≠ b) : multinomial {a, b} f = (f a + f b).choose (f a) := by simp [binomial_eq h, choose_eq_factorial_div_factorial (Nat.le_add_right _ _)] #align nat.binomial_eq_choose Nat.binomial_eq_choose
Mathlib/Data/Nat/Choose/Multinomial.lean
112
114
theorem binomial_spec [DecidableEq α] (hab : a ≠ b) : (f a)! * (f b)! * multinomial {a, b} f = (f a + f b)! := by
simpa [Finset.sum_pair hab, Finset.prod_pair hab] using multinomial_spec {a, b} f
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dual open Function Module variable (R M N : Type*) [CommRing R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] [AddCommGroup N] [Module R N] structure PerfectPairing := toLin : M →ₗ[R] N →ₗ[R] R bijectiveLeft : Bijective toLin bijectiveRight : Bijective toLin.flip attribute [nolint docBlame] PerfectPairing.toLin variable {R M N} namespace PerfectPairing instance instFunLike : FunLike (PerfectPairing R M N) M (N →ₗ[R] R) where coe f := f.toLin coe_injective' x y h := by cases x; cases y; simpa using h variable (p : PerfectPairing R M N) protected def flip : PerfectPairing R N M where toLin := p.toLin.flip bijectiveLeft := p.bijectiveRight bijectiveRight := p.bijectiveLeft @[simp] lemma flip_flip : p.flip.flip = p := rfl noncomputable def toDualLeft : M ≃ₗ[R] Dual R N := LinearEquiv.ofBijective p.toLin p.bijectiveLeft @[simp] theorem toDualLeft_apply (a : M) : p.toDualLeft a = p a := rfl @[simp] theorem apply_toDualLeft_symm_apply (f : Dual R N) (x : N) : p (p.toDualLeft.symm f) x = f x := by have h := LinearEquiv.apply_symm_apply p.toDualLeft f rw [toDualLeft_apply] at h exact congrFun (congrArg DFunLike.coe h) x noncomputable def toDualRight : N ≃ₗ[R] Dual R M := toDualLeft p.flip @[simp] theorem toDualRight_apply (a : N) : p.toDualRight a = p.flip a := rfl @[simp] theorem apply_apply_toDualRight_symm (x : M) (f : Dual R M) : (p x) (p.toDualRight.symm f) = f x := by have h := LinearEquiv.apply_symm_apply p.toDualRight f rw [toDualRight_apply] at h exact congrFun (congrArg DFunLike.coe h) x theorem toDualLeft_of_toDualRight_symm (x : M) (f : Dual R M) : (p.toDualLeft x) (p.toDualRight.symm f) = f x := by rw [@toDualLeft_apply] exact apply_apply_toDualRight_symm p x f
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/PerfectPairing.lean
96
100
theorem toDualRight_symm_toDualLeft (x : M) : p.toDualRight.symm.dualMap (p.toDualLeft x) = Dual.eval R M x := by
ext f simp only [LinearEquiv.dualMap_apply, Dual.eval_apply] exact toDualLeft_of_toDualRight_symm p x f
import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Basic import Mathlib.Topology.Separation import Mathlib.Order.Filter.CountableInter #align_import topology.G_delta from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"b9e46fe101fc897fb2e7edaf0bf1f09ea49eb81a" noncomputable section open Topology TopologicalSpace Filter Encodable Set open scoped Uniformity variable {X Y ι : Type*} {ι' : Sort*} set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false section IsGδ variable [TopologicalSpace X] def IsGδ (s : Set X) : Prop := ∃ T : Set (Set X), (∀ t ∈ T, IsOpen t) ∧ T.Countable ∧ s = ⋂₀ T #align is_Gδ IsGδ theorem IsOpen.isGδ {s : Set X} (h : IsOpen s) : IsGδ s := ⟨{s}, by simp [h], countable_singleton _, (Set.sInter_singleton _).symm⟩ #align is_open.is_Gδ IsOpen.isGδ @[simp] protected theorem IsGδ.empty : IsGδ (∅ : Set X) := isOpen_empty.isGδ #align is_Gδ_empty IsGδ.empty @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-15")] alias isGδ_empty := IsGδ.empty @[simp] protected theorem IsGδ.univ : IsGδ (univ : Set X) := isOpen_univ.isGδ #align is_Gδ_univ IsGδ.univ @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-15")] alias isGδ_univ := IsGδ.univ theorem IsGδ.biInter_of_isOpen {I : Set ι} (hI : I.Countable) {f : ι → Set X} (hf : ∀ i ∈ I, IsOpen (f i)) : IsGδ (⋂ i ∈ I, f i) := ⟨f '' I, by rwa [forall_mem_image], hI.image _, by rw [sInter_image]⟩ #align is_Gδ_bInter_of_open IsGδ.biInter_of_isOpen @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-15")] alias isGδ_biInter_of_isOpen := IsGδ.biInter_of_isOpen theorem IsGδ.iInter_of_isOpen [Countable ι'] {f : ι' → Set X} (hf : ∀ i, IsOpen (f i)) : IsGδ (⋂ i, f i) := ⟨range f, by rwa [forall_mem_range], countable_range _, by rw [sInter_range]⟩ #align is_Gδ_Inter_of_open IsGδ.iInter_of_isOpen @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-15")] alias isGδ_iInter_of_isOpen := IsGδ.iInter_of_isOpen lemma isGδ_iff_eq_iInter_nat {s : Set X} : IsGδ s ↔ ∃ (f : ℕ → Set X), (∀ n, IsOpen (f n)) ∧ s = ⋂ n, f n := by refine ⟨?_, ?_⟩ · rintro ⟨T, hT, T_count, rfl⟩ rcases Set.eq_empty_or_nonempty T with rfl|hT · exact ⟨fun _n ↦ univ, fun _n ↦ isOpen_univ, by simp⟩ · obtain ⟨f, hf⟩ : ∃ (f : ℕ → Set X), T = range f := Countable.exists_eq_range T_count hT exact ⟨f, by aesop, by simp [hf]⟩ · rintro ⟨f, hf, rfl⟩ exact .iInter_of_isOpen hf alias ⟨IsGδ.eq_iInter_nat, _⟩ := isGδ_iff_eq_iInter_nat protected theorem IsGδ.iInter [Countable ι'] {s : ι' → Set X} (hs : ∀ i, IsGδ (s i)) : IsGδ (⋂ i, s i) := by choose T hTo hTc hTs using hs obtain rfl : s = fun i => ⋂₀ T i := funext hTs refine ⟨⋃ i, T i, ?_, countable_iUnion hTc, (sInter_iUnion _).symm⟩ simpa [@forall_swap ι'] using hTo #align is_Gδ_Inter IsGδ.iInter @[deprecated] alias isGδ_iInter := IsGδ.iInter theorem IsGδ.biInter {s : Set ι} (hs : s.Countable) {t : ∀ i ∈ s, Set X} (ht : ∀ (i) (hi : i ∈ s), IsGδ (t i hi)) : IsGδ (⋂ i ∈ s, t i ‹_›) := by rw [biInter_eq_iInter] haveI := hs.to_subtype exact .iInter fun x => ht x x.2 #align is_Gδ_bInter IsGδ.biInter @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-15")] alias isGδ_biInter := IsGδ.biInter theorem IsGδ.sInter {S : Set (Set X)} (h : ∀ s ∈ S, IsGδ s) (hS : S.Countable) : IsGδ (⋂₀ S) := by simpa only [sInter_eq_biInter] using IsGδ.biInter hS h #align is_Gδ_sInter IsGδ.sInter @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-15")] alias isGδ_sInter := IsGδ.sInter
Mathlib/Topology/GDelta.lean
136
138
theorem IsGδ.inter {s t : Set X} (hs : IsGδ s) (ht : IsGδ t) : IsGδ (s ∩ t) := by
rw [inter_eq_iInter] exact .iInter (Bool.forall_bool.2 ⟨ht, hs⟩)
import Mathlib.Algebra.Divisibility.Basic import Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Basic import Mathlib.Algebra.Ring.Defs #align_import algebra.euclidean_domain.defs from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"ee7b9f9a9ac2a8d9f04ea39bbfe6b1a3be053b38" universe u class EuclideanDomain (R : Type u) extends CommRing R, Nontrivial R where protected quotient : R → R → R protected quotient_zero : ∀ a, quotient a 0 = 0 protected remainder : R → R → R protected quotient_mul_add_remainder_eq : ∀ a b, b * quotient a b + remainder a b = a protected r : R → R → Prop r_wellFounded : WellFounded r protected remainder_lt : ∀ (a) {b}, b ≠ 0 → r (remainder a b) b mul_left_not_lt : ∀ (a) {b}, b ≠ 0 → ¬r (a * b) a #align euclidean_domain EuclideanDomain #align euclidean_domain.quotient EuclideanDomain.quotient #align euclidean_domain.quotient_zero EuclideanDomain.quotient_zero #align euclidean_domain.remainder EuclideanDomain.remainder #align euclidean_domain.quotient_mul_add_remainder_eq EuclideanDomain.quotient_mul_add_remainder_eq #align euclidean_domain.r EuclideanDomain.r #align euclidean_domain.r_well_founded EuclideanDomain.r_wellFounded #align euclidean_domain.remainder_lt EuclideanDomain.remainder_lt #align euclidean_domain.mul_left_not_lt EuclideanDomain.mul_left_not_lt namespace EuclideanDomain variable {R : Type u} [EuclideanDomain R] local infixl:50 " ≺ " => EuclideanDomain.r local instance wellFoundedRelation : WellFoundedRelation R where wf := r_wellFounded -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 70) : Div R := ⟨EuclideanDomain.quotient⟩ -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 70) : Mod R := ⟨EuclideanDomain.remainder⟩ theorem div_add_mod (a b : R) : b * (a / b) + a % b = a := EuclideanDomain.quotient_mul_add_remainder_eq _ _ #align euclidean_domain.div_add_mod EuclideanDomain.div_add_mod theorem mod_add_div (a b : R) : a % b + b * (a / b) = a := (add_comm _ _).trans (div_add_mod _ _) #align euclidean_domain.mod_add_div EuclideanDomain.mod_add_div
Mathlib/Algebra/EuclideanDomain/Defs.lean
131
133
theorem mod_add_div' (m k : R) : m % k + m / k * k = m := by
rw [mul_comm] exact mod_add_div _ _
import Mathlib.Algebra.Lie.Abelian import Mathlib.Algebra.Lie.IdealOperations import Mathlib.Algebra.Lie.Quotient #align_import algebra.lie.normalizer from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"938fead7abdc0cbbca8eba7a1052865a169dc102" variable {R L M M' : Type*} variable [CommRing R] [LieRing L] [LieAlgebra R L] variable [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] [LieRingModule L M] [LieModule R L M] variable [AddCommGroup M'] [Module R M'] [LieRingModule L M'] [LieModule R L M'] namespace LieSubmodule variable (N : LieSubmodule R L M) {N₁ N₂ : LieSubmodule R L M} def normalizer : LieSubmodule R L M where carrier := {m | ∀ x : L, ⁅x, m⁆ ∈ N} add_mem' hm₁ hm₂ x := by rw [lie_add]; exact N.add_mem' (hm₁ x) (hm₂ x) zero_mem' x := by simp smul_mem' t m hm x := by rw [lie_smul]; exact N.smul_mem' t (hm x) lie_mem {x m} hm y := by rw [leibniz_lie]; exact N.add_mem' (hm ⁅y, x⁆) (N.lie_mem (hm y)) #align lie_submodule.normalizer LieSubmodule.normalizer @[simp] theorem mem_normalizer (m : M) : m ∈ N.normalizer ↔ ∀ x : L, ⁅x, m⁆ ∈ N := Iff.rfl #align lie_submodule.mem_normalizer LieSubmodule.mem_normalizer @[simp] theorem le_normalizer : N ≤ N.normalizer := by intro m hm rw [mem_normalizer] exact fun x => N.lie_mem hm #align lie_submodule.le_normalizer LieSubmodule.le_normalizer theorem normalizer_inf : (N₁ ⊓ N₂).normalizer = N₁.normalizer ⊓ N₂.normalizer := by ext; simp [← forall_and] #align lie_submodule.normalizer_inf LieSubmodule.normalizer_inf @[mono] theorem monotone_normalizer : Monotone (normalizer : LieSubmodule R L M → LieSubmodule R L M) := by intro N₁ N₂ h m hm rw [mem_normalizer] at hm ⊢ exact fun x => h (hm x) #align lie_submodule.monotone_normalizer LieSubmodule.monotone_normalizer @[simp] theorem comap_normalizer (f : M' →ₗ⁅R,L⁆ M) : N.normalizer.comap f = (N.comap f).normalizer := by ext; simp #align lie_submodule.comap_normalizer LieSubmodule.comap_normalizer
Mathlib/Algebra/Lie/Normalizer.lean
86
87
theorem top_lie_le_iff_le_normalizer (N' : LieSubmodule R L M) : ⁅(⊤ : LieIdeal R L), N⁆ ≤ N' ↔ N ≤ N'.normalizer := by
rw [lie_le_iff]; tauto
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.InverseFunctionTheorem.FDeriv import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.FDeriv.Add import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.FDeriv.Prod import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Complemented #align_import analysis.calculus.implicit from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" noncomputable section open scoped Topology open Filter open ContinuousLinearMap (fst snd smulRight ker_prod) open ContinuousLinearEquiv (ofBijective) open LinearMap (ker range) -- Porting note(#5171): linter not yet ported @[nolint has_nonempty_instance] structure ImplicitFunctionData (𝕜 : Type*) [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] (E : Type*) [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] [CompleteSpace E] (F : Type*) [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace 𝕜 F] [CompleteSpace F] (G : Type*) [NormedAddCommGroup G] [NormedSpace 𝕜 G] [CompleteSpace G] where leftFun : E → F leftDeriv : E →L[𝕜] F rightFun : E → G rightDeriv : E →L[𝕜] G pt : E left_has_deriv : HasStrictFDerivAt leftFun leftDeriv pt right_has_deriv : HasStrictFDerivAt rightFun rightDeriv pt left_range : range leftDeriv = ⊤ right_range : range rightDeriv = ⊤ isCompl_ker : IsCompl (ker leftDeriv) (ker rightDeriv) #align implicit_function_data ImplicitFunctionData namespace ImplicitFunctionData variable {𝕜 : Type*} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] [CompleteSpace E] {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace 𝕜 F] [CompleteSpace F] {G : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup G] [NormedSpace 𝕜 G] [CompleteSpace G] (φ : ImplicitFunctionData 𝕜 E F G) def prodFun (x : E) : F × G := (φ.leftFun x, φ.rightFun x) #align implicit_function_data.prod_fun ImplicitFunctionData.prodFun @[simp] theorem prodFun_apply (x : E) : φ.prodFun x = (φ.leftFun x, φ.rightFun x) := rfl #align implicit_function_data.prod_fun_apply ImplicitFunctionData.prodFun_apply protected theorem hasStrictFDerivAt : HasStrictFDerivAt φ.prodFun (φ.leftDeriv.equivProdOfSurjectiveOfIsCompl φ.rightDeriv φ.left_range φ.right_range φ.isCompl_ker : E →L[𝕜] F × G) φ.pt := φ.left_has_deriv.prod φ.right_has_deriv #align implicit_function_data.has_strict_fderiv_at ImplicitFunctionData.hasStrictFDerivAt def toPartialHomeomorph : PartialHomeomorph E (F × G) := φ.hasStrictFDerivAt.toPartialHomeomorph _ #align implicit_function_data.to_local_homeomorph ImplicitFunctionData.toPartialHomeomorph def implicitFunction : F → G → E := Function.curry <| φ.toPartialHomeomorph.symm #align implicit_function_data.implicit_function ImplicitFunctionData.implicitFunction @[simp] theorem toPartialHomeomorph_coe : ⇑φ.toPartialHomeomorph = φ.prodFun := rfl #align implicit_function_data.to_local_homeomorph_coe ImplicitFunctionData.toPartialHomeomorph_coe theorem toPartialHomeomorph_apply (x : E) : φ.toPartialHomeomorph x = (φ.leftFun x, φ.rightFun x) := rfl #align implicit_function_data.to_local_homeomorph_apply ImplicitFunctionData.toPartialHomeomorph_apply theorem pt_mem_toPartialHomeomorph_source : φ.pt ∈ φ.toPartialHomeomorph.source := φ.hasStrictFDerivAt.mem_toPartialHomeomorph_source #align implicit_function_data.pt_mem_to_local_homeomorph_source ImplicitFunctionData.pt_mem_toPartialHomeomorph_source theorem map_pt_mem_toPartialHomeomorph_target : (φ.leftFun φ.pt, φ.rightFun φ.pt) ∈ φ.toPartialHomeomorph.target := φ.toPartialHomeomorph.map_source <| φ.pt_mem_toPartialHomeomorph_source #align implicit_function_data.map_pt_mem_to_local_homeomorph_target ImplicitFunctionData.map_pt_mem_toPartialHomeomorph_target theorem prod_map_implicitFunction : ∀ᶠ p : F × G in 𝓝 (φ.prodFun φ.pt), φ.prodFun (φ.implicitFunction p.1 p.2) = p := φ.hasStrictFDerivAt.eventually_right_inverse.mono fun ⟨_, _⟩ h => h #align implicit_function_data.prod_map_implicit_function ImplicitFunctionData.prod_map_implicitFunction theorem left_map_implicitFunction : ∀ᶠ p : F × G in 𝓝 (φ.prodFun φ.pt), φ.leftFun (φ.implicitFunction p.1 p.2) = p.1 := φ.prod_map_implicitFunction.mono fun _ => congr_arg Prod.fst #align implicit_function_data.left_map_implicit_function ImplicitFunctionData.left_map_implicitFunction theorem right_map_implicitFunction : ∀ᶠ p : F × G in 𝓝 (φ.prodFun φ.pt), φ.rightFun (φ.implicitFunction p.1 p.2) = p.2 := φ.prod_map_implicitFunction.mono fun _ => congr_arg Prod.snd #align implicit_function_data.right_map_implicit_function ImplicitFunctionData.right_map_implicitFunction theorem implicitFunction_apply_image : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 φ.pt, φ.implicitFunction (φ.leftFun x) (φ.rightFun x) = x := φ.hasStrictFDerivAt.eventually_left_inverse #align implicit_function_data.implicit_function_apply_image ImplicitFunctionData.implicitFunction_apply_image theorem map_nhds_eq : map φ.leftFun (𝓝 φ.pt) = 𝓝 (φ.leftFun φ.pt) := show map (Prod.fst ∘ φ.prodFun) (𝓝 φ.pt) = 𝓝 (φ.prodFun φ.pt).1 by rw [← map_map, φ.hasStrictFDerivAt.map_nhds_eq_of_equiv, map_fst_nhds] #align implicit_function_data.map_nhds_eq ImplicitFunctionData.map_nhds_eq
Mathlib/Analysis/Calculus/Implicit.lean
201
214
theorem implicitFunction_hasStrictFDerivAt (g'inv : G →L[𝕜] E) (hg'inv : φ.rightDeriv.comp g'inv = ContinuousLinearMap.id 𝕜 G) (hg'invf : φ.leftDeriv.comp g'inv = 0) : HasStrictFDerivAt (φ.implicitFunction (φ.leftFun φ.pt)) g'inv (φ.rightFun φ.pt) := by
have := φ.hasStrictFDerivAt.to_localInverse simp only [prodFun] at this convert this.comp (φ.rightFun φ.pt) ((hasStrictFDerivAt_const _ _).prod (hasStrictFDerivAt_id _)) -- Porting note: added parentheses to help `simp` simp only [ContinuousLinearMap.ext_iff, (ContinuousLinearMap.comp_apply)] at hg'inv hg'invf ⊢ -- porting note (#10745): was `simp [ContinuousLinearEquiv.eq_symm_apply]`; -- both `simp` and `rw` fail here, `erw` works intro x erw [ContinuousLinearEquiv.eq_symm_apply] simp [*]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Exact import Mathlib.RingTheory.TensorProduct.Basic section Modules open TensorProduct LinearMap section Semiring variable {R : Type*} [CommSemiring R] {M N P Q: Type*} [AddCommMonoid M] [AddCommMonoid N] [AddCommMonoid P] [AddCommMonoid Q] [Module R M] [Module R N] [Module R P] [Module R Q] {f : M →ₗ[R] N} (g : N →ₗ[R] P) lemma le_comap_range_lTensor (q : Q) : LinearMap.range g ≤ (LinearMap.range (lTensor Q g)).comap (TensorProduct.mk R Q P q) := by rintro x ⟨n, rfl⟩ exact ⟨q ⊗ₜ[R] n, rfl⟩ lemma le_comap_range_rTensor (q : Q) : LinearMap.range g ≤ (LinearMap.range (rTensor Q g)).comap ((TensorProduct.mk R P Q).flip q) := by rintro x ⟨n, rfl⟩ exact ⟨n ⊗ₜ[R] q, rfl⟩ variable (Q) {g}
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/TensorProduct/RightExactness.lean
111
122
theorem LinearMap.lTensor_surjective (hg : Function.Surjective g) : Function.Surjective (lTensor Q g) := by
intro z induction z using TensorProduct.induction_on with | zero => exact ⟨0, map_zero _⟩ | tmul q p => obtain ⟨n, rfl⟩ := hg p exact ⟨q ⊗ₜ[R] n, rfl⟩ | add x y hx hy => obtain ⟨x, rfl⟩ := hx obtain ⟨y, rfl⟩ := hy exact ⟨x + y, map_add _ _ _⟩
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Game.Ordinal import Mathlib.SetTheory.Ordinal.NaturalOps #align_import set_theory.game.birthday from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"a347076985674932c0e91da09b9961ed0a79508c" universe u open Ordinal namespace SetTheory open scoped NaturalOps PGame namespace PGame noncomputable def birthday : PGame.{u} → Ordinal.{u} | ⟨_, _, xL, xR⟩ => max (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (xL i)) (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (xR i)) #align pgame.birthday SetTheory.PGame.birthday theorem birthday_def (x : PGame) : birthday x = max (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (x.moveLeft i)) (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (x.moveRight i)) := by cases x; rw [birthday]; rfl #align pgame.birthday_def SetTheory.PGame.birthday_def theorem birthday_moveLeft_lt {x : PGame} (i : x.LeftMoves) : (x.moveLeft i).birthday < x.birthday := by cases x; rw [birthday]; exact lt_max_of_lt_left (lt_lsub _ i) #align pgame.birthday_move_left_lt SetTheory.PGame.birthday_moveLeft_lt theorem birthday_moveRight_lt {x : PGame} (i : x.RightMoves) : (x.moveRight i).birthday < x.birthday := by cases x; rw [birthday]; exact lt_max_of_lt_right (lt_lsub _ i) #align pgame.birthday_move_right_lt SetTheory.PGame.birthday_moveRight_lt theorem lt_birthday_iff {x : PGame} {o : Ordinal} : o < x.birthday ↔ (∃ i : x.LeftMoves, o ≤ (x.moveLeft i).birthday) ∨ ∃ i : x.RightMoves, o ≤ (x.moveRight i).birthday := by constructor · rw [birthday_def] intro h cases' lt_max_iff.1 h with h' h' · left rwa [lt_lsub_iff] at h' · right rwa [lt_lsub_iff] at h' · rintro (⟨i, hi⟩ | ⟨i, hi⟩) · exact hi.trans_lt (birthday_moveLeft_lt i) · exact hi.trans_lt (birthday_moveRight_lt i) #align pgame.lt_birthday_iff SetTheory.PGame.lt_birthday_iff theorem Relabelling.birthday_congr : ∀ {x y : PGame.{u}}, x ≡r y → birthday x = birthday y | ⟨xl, xr, xL, xR⟩, ⟨yl, yr, yL, yR⟩, r => by unfold birthday congr 1 all_goals apply lsub_eq_of_range_eq.{u, u, u} ext i; constructor all_goals rintro ⟨j, rfl⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveLeft j).birthday_congr.symm⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveLeftSymm j).birthday_congr⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveRight j).birthday_congr.symm⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveRightSymm j).birthday_congr⟩ termination_by x y => (x, y) #align pgame.relabelling.birthday_congr SetTheory.PGame.Relabelling.birthday_congr @[simp] theorem birthday_eq_zero {x : PGame} : birthday x = 0 ↔ IsEmpty x.LeftMoves ∧ IsEmpty x.RightMoves := by rw [birthday_def, max_eq_zero, lsub_eq_zero_iff, lsub_eq_zero_iff] #align pgame.birthday_eq_zero SetTheory.PGame.birthday_eq_zero @[simp] theorem birthday_zero : birthday 0 = 0 := by simp [inferInstanceAs (IsEmpty PEmpty)] #align pgame.birthday_zero SetTheory.PGame.birthday_zero @[simp]
Mathlib/SetTheory/Game/Birthday.lean
107
107
theorem birthday_one : birthday 1 = 1 := by
rw [birthday_def]; simp
import Mathlib.Probability.Kernel.CondDistrib #align_import probability.kernel.condexp from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"00abe0695d8767201e6d008afa22393978bb324d" open MeasureTheory Set Filter TopologicalSpace open scoped ENNReal MeasureTheory ProbabilityTheory namespace ProbabilityTheory section AuxLemmas variable {Ω F : Type*} {m mΩ : MeasurableSpace Ω} {μ : Measure Ω} {f : Ω → F} theorem _root_.MeasureTheory.AEStronglyMeasurable.comp_snd_map_prod_id [TopologicalSpace F] (hm : m ≤ mΩ) (hf : AEStronglyMeasurable f μ) : AEStronglyMeasurable (fun x : Ω × Ω => f x.2) (@Measure.map Ω (Ω × Ω) (m.prod mΩ) mΩ (fun ω => (id ω, id ω)) μ) := by rw [← aestronglyMeasurable_comp_snd_map_prod_mk_iff (measurable_id'' hm)] at hf simp_rw [id] at hf ⊢ exact hf #align measure_theory.ae_strongly_measurable.comp_snd_map_prod_id MeasureTheory.AEStronglyMeasurable.comp_snd_map_prod_id
Mathlib/Probability/Kernel/Condexp.lean
52
57
theorem _root_.MeasureTheory.Integrable.comp_snd_map_prod_id [NormedAddCommGroup F] (hm : m ≤ mΩ) (hf : Integrable f μ) : Integrable (fun x : Ω × Ω => f x.2) (@Measure.map Ω (Ω × Ω) (m.prod mΩ) mΩ (fun ω => (id ω, id ω)) μ) := by
rw [← integrable_comp_snd_map_prod_mk_iff (measurable_id'' hm)] at hf simp_rw [id] at hf ⊢ exact hf
import Mathlib.Algebra.Algebra.Spectrum import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.GeneralLinearGroup import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.FiniteDimensional import Mathlib.RingTheory.Nilpotent.Basic #align_import linear_algebra.eigenspace.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"6b0169218d01f2837d79ea2784882009a0da1aa1" universe u v w namespace Module namespace End open FiniteDimensional Set variable {K R : Type v} {V M : Type w} [CommRing R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] [Field K] [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] def eigenspace (f : End R M) (μ : R) : Submodule R M := LinearMap.ker (f - algebraMap R (End R M) μ) #align module.End.eigenspace Module.End.eigenspace @[simp] theorem eigenspace_zero (f : End R M) : f.eigenspace 0 = LinearMap.ker f := by simp [eigenspace] #align module.End.eigenspace_zero Module.End.eigenspace_zero def HasEigenvector (f : End R M) (μ : R) (x : M) : Prop := x ∈ eigenspace f μ ∧ x ≠ 0 #align module.End.has_eigenvector Module.End.HasEigenvector def HasEigenvalue (f : End R M) (a : R) : Prop := eigenspace f a ≠ ⊥ #align module.End.has_eigenvalue Module.End.HasEigenvalue def Eigenvalues (f : End R M) : Type _ := { μ : R // f.HasEigenvalue μ } #align module.End.eigenvalues Module.End.Eigenvalues @[coe] def Eigenvalues.val (f : Module.End R M) : Eigenvalues f → R := Subtype.val instance Eigenvalues.instCoeOut {f : Module.End R M} : CoeOut (Eigenvalues f) R where coe := Eigenvalues.val f instance Eigenvalues.instDecidableEq [DecidableEq R] (f : Module.End R M) : DecidableEq (Eigenvalues f) := inferInstanceAs (DecidableEq (Subtype (fun x : R => HasEigenvalue f x)))
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Eigenspace/Basic.lean
98
101
theorem hasEigenvalue_of_hasEigenvector {f : End R M} {μ : R} {x : M} (h : HasEigenvector f μ x) : HasEigenvalue f μ := by
rw [HasEigenvalue, Submodule.ne_bot_iff] use x; exact h
import Mathlib.Topology.Separation import Mathlib.Topology.Bases #align_import topology.dense_embedding from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"148aefbd371a25f1cff33c85f20c661ce3155def" noncomputable section open Set Filter open scoped Topology variable {α : Type*} {β : Type*} {γ : Type*} {δ : Type*} structure DenseInducing [TopologicalSpace α] [TopologicalSpace β] (i : α → β) extends Inducing i : Prop where protected dense : DenseRange i #align dense_inducing DenseInducing namespace DenseInducing variable [TopologicalSpace α] [TopologicalSpace β] variable {i : α → β} (di : DenseInducing i) theorem nhds_eq_comap (di : DenseInducing i) : ∀ a : α, 𝓝 a = comap i (𝓝 <| i a) := di.toInducing.nhds_eq_comap #align dense_inducing.nhds_eq_comap DenseInducing.nhds_eq_comap protected theorem continuous (di : DenseInducing i) : Continuous i := di.toInducing.continuous #align dense_inducing.continuous DenseInducing.continuous theorem closure_range : closure (range i) = univ := di.dense.closure_range #align dense_inducing.closure_range DenseInducing.closure_range protected theorem preconnectedSpace [PreconnectedSpace α] (di : DenseInducing i) : PreconnectedSpace β := di.dense.preconnectedSpace di.continuous #align dense_inducing.preconnected_space DenseInducing.preconnectedSpace theorem closure_image_mem_nhds {s : Set α} {a : α} (di : DenseInducing i) (hs : s ∈ 𝓝 a) : closure (i '' s) ∈ 𝓝 (i a) := by rw [di.nhds_eq_comap a, ((nhds_basis_opens _).comap _).mem_iff] at hs rcases hs with ⟨U, ⟨haU, hUo⟩, sub : i ⁻¹' U ⊆ s⟩ refine mem_of_superset (hUo.mem_nhds haU) ?_ calc U ⊆ closure (i '' (i ⁻¹' U)) := di.dense.subset_closure_image_preimage_of_isOpen hUo _ ⊆ closure (i '' s) := closure_mono (image_subset i sub) #align dense_inducing.closure_image_mem_nhds DenseInducing.closure_image_mem_nhds theorem dense_image (di : DenseInducing i) {s : Set α} : Dense (i '' s) ↔ Dense s := by refine ⟨fun H x => ?_, di.dense.dense_image di.continuous⟩ rw [di.toInducing.closure_eq_preimage_closure_image, H.closure_eq, preimage_univ] trivial #align dense_inducing.dense_image DenseInducing.dense_image
Mathlib/Topology/DenseEmbedding.lean
83
90
theorem interior_compact_eq_empty [T2Space β] (di : DenseInducing i) (hd : Dense (range i)ᶜ) {s : Set α} (hs : IsCompact s) : interior s = ∅ := by
refine eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem.2 fun x hx => ?_ rw [mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds] at hx have := di.closure_image_mem_nhds hx rw [(hs.image di.continuous).isClosed.closure_eq] at this rcases hd.inter_nhds_nonempty this with ⟨y, hyi, hys⟩ exact hyi (image_subset_range _ _ hys)
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Game.Basic import Mathlib.SetTheory.Ordinal.NaturalOps #align_import set_theory.game.ordinal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"b90e72c7eebbe8de7c8293a80208ea2ba135c834" universe u open SetTheory PGame open scoped NaturalOps PGame namespace Ordinal noncomputable def toPGame : Ordinal.{u} → PGame.{u} | o => have : IsWellOrder o.out.α (· < ·) := isWellOrder_out_lt o ⟨o.out.α, PEmpty, fun x => have := Ordinal.typein_lt_self x (typein (· < ·) x).toPGame, PEmpty.elim⟩ termination_by x => x #align ordinal.to_pgame Ordinal.toPGame @[nolint unusedHavesSuffices] theorem toPGame_def (o : Ordinal) : have : IsWellOrder o.out.α (· < ·) := isWellOrder_out_lt o o.toPGame = ⟨o.out.α, PEmpty, fun x => (typein (· < ·) x).toPGame, PEmpty.elim⟩ := by rw [toPGame] #align ordinal.to_pgame_def Ordinal.toPGame_def @[simp, nolint unusedHavesSuffices] theorem toPGame_leftMoves (o : Ordinal) : o.toPGame.LeftMoves = o.out.α := by rw [toPGame, LeftMoves] #align ordinal.to_pgame_left_moves Ordinal.toPGame_leftMoves @[simp, nolint unusedHavesSuffices] theorem toPGame_rightMoves (o : Ordinal) : o.toPGame.RightMoves = PEmpty := by rw [toPGame, RightMoves] #align ordinal.to_pgame_right_moves Ordinal.toPGame_rightMoves instance isEmpty_zero_toPGame_leftMoves : IsEmpty (toPGame 0).LeftMoves := by rw [toPGame_leftMoves]; infer_instance #align ordinal.is_empty_zero_to_pgame_left_moves Ordinal.isEmpty_zero_toPGame_leftMoves instance isEmpty_toPGame_rightMoves (o : Ordinal) : IsEmpty o.toPGame.RightMoves := by rw [toPGame_rightMoves]; infer_instance #align ordinal.is_empty_to_pgame_right_moves Ordinal.isEmpty_toPGame_rightMoves noncomputable def toLeftMovesToPGame {o : Ordinal} : Set.Iio o ≃ o.toPGame.LeftMoves := (enumIsoOut o).toEquiv.trans (Equiv.cast (toPGame_leftMoves o).symm) #align ordinal.to_left_moves_to_pgame Ordinal.toLeftMovesToPGame @[simp] theorem toLeftMovesToPGame_symm_lt {o : Ordinal} (i : o.toPGame.LeftMoves) : ↑(toLeftMovesToPGame.symm i) < o := (toLeftMovesToPGame.symm i).prop #align ordinal.to_left_moves_to_pgame_symm_lt Ordinal.toLeftMovesToPGame_symm_lt @[nolint unusedHavesSuffices] theorem toPGame_moveLeft_hEq {o : Ordinal} : have : IsWellOrder o.out.α (· < ·) := isWellOrder_out_lt o HEq o.toPGame.moveLeft fun x : o.out.α => (typein (· < ·) x).toPGame := by rw [toPGame] rfl #align ordinal.to_pgame_move_left_heq Ordinal.toPGame_moveLeft_hEq @[simp] theorem toPGame_moveLeft' {o : Ordinal} (i) : o.toPGame.moveLeft i = (toLeftMovesToPGame.symm i).val.toPGame := (congr_heq toPGame_moveLeft_hEq.symm (cast_heq _ i)).symm #align ordinal.to_pgame_move_left' Ordinal.toPGame_moveLeft' theorem toPGame_moveLeft {o : Ordinal} (i) : o.toPGame.moveLeft (toLeftMovesToPGame i) = i.val.toPGame := by simp #align ordinal.to_pgame_move_left Ordinal.toPGame_moveLeft noncomputable def zeroToPGameRelabelling : toPGame 0 ≡r 0 := Relabelling.isEmpty _ #align ordinal.zero_to_pgame_relabelling Ordinal.zeroToPGameRelabelling noncomputable instance uniqueOneToPGameLeftMoves : Unique (toPGame 1).LeftMoves := (Equiv.cast <| toPGame_leftMoves 1).unique #align ordinal.unique_one_to_pgame_left_moves Ordinal.uniqueOneToPGameLeftMoves @[simp] theorem one_toPGame_leftMoves_default_eq : (default : (toPGame 1).LeftMoves) = @toLeftMovesToPGame 1 ⟨0, Set.mem_Iio.mpr zero_lt_one⟩ := rfl #align ordinal.one_to_pgame_left_moves_default_eq Ordinal.one_toPGame_leftMoves_default_eq @[simp] theorem to_leftMoves_one_toPGame_symm (i) : (@toLeftMovesToPGame 1).symm i = ⟨0, Set.mem_Iio.mpr zero_lt_one⟩ := by simp [eq_iff_true_of_subsingleton] #align ordinal.to_left_moves_one_to_pgame_symm Ordinal.to_leftMoves_one_toPGame_symm theorem one_toPGame_moveLeft (x) : (toPGame 1).moveLeft x = toPGame 0 := by simp #align ordinal.one_to_pgame_move_left Ordinal.one_toPGame_moveLeft noncomputable def oneToPGameRelabelling : toPGame 1 ≡r 1 := ⟨Equiv.equivOfUnique _ _, Equiv.equivOfIsEmpty _ _, fun i => by simpa using zeroToPGameRelabelling, isEmptyElim⟩ #align ordinal.one_to_pgame_relabelling Ordinal.oneToPGameRelabelling theorem toPGame_lf {a b : Ordinal} (h : a < b) : a.toPGame ⧏ b.toPGame := by convert moveLeft_lf (toLeftMovesToPGame ⟨a, h⟩); rw [toPGame_moveLeft] #align ordinal.to_pgame_lf Ordinal.toPGame_lf
Mathlib/SetTheory/Game/Ordinal.lean
134
137
theorem toPGame_le {a b : Ordinal} (h : a ≤ b) : a.toPGame ≤ b.toPGame := by
refine le_iff_forall_lf.2 ⟨fun i => ?_, isEmptyElim⟩ rw [toPGame_moveLeft'] exact toPGame_lf ((toLeftMovesToPGame_symm_lt i).trans_le h)
import Mathlib.FieldTheory.Galois import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.FilterBasis import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.OpenSubgroup import Mathlib.Tactic.ByContra #align_import field_theory.krull_topology from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"039a089d2a4b93c761b234f3e5f5aeb752bac60f" open scoped Classical Pointwise theorem IntermediateField.map_id {K L : Type*} [Field K] [Field L] [Algebra K L] (E : IntermediateField K L) : E.map (AlgHom.id K L) = E := SetLike.coe_injective <| Set.image_id _ #align intermediate_field.map_id IntermediateField.map_id instance im_finiteDimensional {K L : Type*} [Field K] [Field L] [Algebra K L] {E : IntermediateField K L} (σ : L ≃ₐ[K] L) [FiniteDimensional K E] : FiniteDimensional K (E.map σ.toAlgHom) := LinearEquiv.finiteDimensional (IntermediateField.intermediateFieldMap σ E).toLinearEquiv #align im_finite_dimensional im_finiteDimensional def finiteExts (K : Type*) [Field K] (L : Type*) [Field L] [Algebra K L] : Set (IntermediateField K L) := {E | FiniteDimensional K E} #align finite_exts finiteExts def fixedByFinite (K L : Type*) [Field K] [Field L] [Algebra K L] : Set (Subgroup (L ≃ₐ[K] L)) := IntermediateField.fixingSubgroup '' finiteExts K L #align fixed_by_finite fixedByFinite theorem IntermediateField.finiteDimensional_bot (K L : Type*) [Field K] [Field L] [Algebra K L] : FiniteDimensional K (⊥ : IntermediateField K L) := .of_rank_eq_one IntermediateField.rank_bot #align intermediate_field.finite_dimensional_bot IntermediateField.finiteDimensional_bot
Mathlib/FieldTheory/KrullTopology.lean
93
100
theorem IntermediateField.fixingSubgroup.bot {K L : Type*} [Field K] [Field L] [Algebra K L] : IntermediateField.fixingSubgroup (⊥ : IntermediateField K L) = ⊤ := by
ext f refine ⟨fun _ => Subgroup.mem_top _, fun _ => ?_⟩ rintro ⟨x, hx : x ∈ (⊥ : IntermediateField K L)⟩ rw [IntermediateField.mem_bot] at hx rcases hx with ⟨y, rfl⟩ exact f.commutes y
import Mathlib.Combinatorics.SetFamily.Shadow #align_import combinatorics.set_family.compression.uv from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"6f8ab7de1c4b78a68ab8cf7dd83d549eb78a68a1" open Finset variable {α : Type*} theorem sup_sdiff_injOn [GeneralizedBooleanAlgebra α] (u v : α) : { x | Disjoint u x ∧ v ≤ x }.InjOn fun x => (x ⊔ u) \ v := by rintro a ha b hb hab have h : ((a ⊔ u) \ v) \ u ⊔ v = ((b ⊔ u) \ v) \ u ⊔ v := by dsimp at hab rw [hab] rwa [sdiff_sdiff_comm, ha.1.symm.sup_sdiff_cancel_right, sdiff_sdiff_comm, hb.1.symm.sup_sdiff_cancel_right, sdiff_sup_cancel ha.2, sdiff_sup_cancel hb.2] at h #align sup_sdiff_inj_on sup_sdiff_injOn -- The namespace is here to distinguish from other compressions. namespace UV section GeneralizedBooleanAlgebra variable [GeneralizedBooleanAlgebra α] [DecidableRel (@Disjoint α _ _)] [DecidableRel ((· ≤ ·) : α → α → Prop)] {s : Finset α} {u v a b : α} def compress (u v a : α) : α := if Disjoint u a ∧ v ≤ a then (a ⊔ u) \ v else a #align uv.compress UV.compress theorem compress_of_disjoint_of_le (hua : Disjoint u a) (hva : v ≤ a) : compress u v a = (a ⊔ u) \ v := if_pos ⟨hua, hva⟩ #align uv.compress_of_disjoint_of_le UV.compress_of_disjoint_of_le theorem compress_of_disjoint_of_le' (hva : Disjoint v a) (hua : u ≤ a) : compress u v ((a ⊔ v) \ u) = a := by rw [compress_of_disjoint_of_le disjoint_sdiff_self_right (le_sdiff.2 ⟨(le_sup_right : v ≤ a ⊔ v), hva.mono_right hua⟩), sdiff_sup_cancel (le_sup_of_le_left hua), hva.symm.sup_sdiff_cancel_right] #align uv.compress_of_disjoint_of_le' UV.compress_of_disjoint_of_le' @[simp] theorem compress_self (u a : α) : compress u u a = a := by unfold compress split_ifs with h · exact h.1.symm.sup_sdiff_cancel_right · rfl #align uv.compress_self UV.compress_self @[simp]
Mathlib/Combinatorics/SetFamily/Compression/UV.lean
107
110
theorem compress_sdiff_sdiff (a b : α) : compress (a \ b) (b \ a) b = a := by
refine (compress_of_disjoint_of_le disjoint_sdiff_self_left sdiff_le).trans ?_ rw [sup_sdiff_self_right, sup_sdiff, disjoint_sdiff_self_right.sdiff_eq_left, sup_eq_right] exact sdiff_sdiff_le
import Mathlib.Probability.Variance #align_import probability.moments from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"85453a2a14be8da64caf15ca50930cf4c6e5d8de" open MeasureTheory Filter Finset Real noncomputable section open scoped MeasureTheory ProbabilityTheory ENNReal NNReal namespace ProbabilityTheory variable {Ω ι : Type*} {m : MeasurableSpace Ω} {X : Ω → ℝ} {p : ℕ} {μ : Measure Ω} def moment (X : Ω → ℝ) (p : ℕ) (μ : Measure Ω) : ℝ := μ[X ^ p] #align probability_theory.moment ProbabilityTheory.moment def centralMoment (X : Ω → ℝ) (p : ℕ) (μ : Measure Ω) : ℝ := by have m := fun (x : Ω) => μ[X] -- Porting note: Lean deems `μ[(X - fun x => μ[X]) ^ p]` ambiguous exact μ[(X - m) ^ p] #align probability_theory.central_moment ProbabilityTheory.centralMoment @[simp] theorem moment_zero (hp : p ≠ 0) : moment 0 p μ = 0 := by simp only [moment, hp, zero_pow, Ne, not_false_iff, Pi.zero_apply, integral_const, smul_eq_mul, mul_zero, integral_zero] #align probability_theory.moment_zero ProbabilityTheory.moment_zero @[simp] theorem centralMoment_zero (hp : p ≠ 0) : centralMoment 0 p μ = 0 := by simp only [centralMoment, hp, Pi.zero_apply, integral_const, smul_eq_mul, mul_zero, zero_sub, Pi.pow_apply, Pi.neg_apply, neg_zero, zero_pow, Ne, not_false_iff] #align probability_theory.central_moment_zero ProbabilityTheory.centralMoment_zero theorem centralMoment_one' [IsFiniteMeasure μ] (h_int : Integrable X μ) : centralMoment X 1 μ = (1 - (μ Set.univ).toReal) * μ[X] := by simp only [centralMoment, Pi.sub_apply, pow_one] rw [integral_sub h_int (integrable_const _)] simp only [sub_mul, integral_const, smul_eq_mul, one_mul] #align probability_theory.central_moment_one' ProbabilityTheory.centralMoment_one' @[simp] theorem centralMoment_one [IsProbabilityMeasure μ] : centralMoment X 1 μ = 0 := by by_cases h_int : Integrable X μ · rw [centralMoment_one' h_int] simp only [measure_univ, ENNReal.one_toReal, sub_self, zero_mul] · simp only [centralMoment, Pi.sub_apply, pow_one] have : ¬Integrable (fun x => X x - integral μ X) μ := by refine fun h_sub => h_int ?_ have h_add : X = (fun x => X x - integral μ X) + fun _ => integral μ X := by ext1 x; simp rw [h_add] exact h_sub.add (integrable_const _) rw [integral_undef this] #align probability_theory.central_moment_one ProbabilityTheory.centralMoment_one theorem centralMoment_two_eq_variance [IsFiniteMeasure μ] (hX : Memℒp X 2 μ) : centralMoment X 2 μ = variance X μ := by rw [hX.variance_eq]; rfl #align probability_theory.central_moment_two_eq_variance ProbabilityTheory.centralMoment_two_eq_variance section MomentGeneratingFunction variable {t : ℝ} def mgf (X : Ω → ℝ) (μ : Measure Ω) (t : ℝ) : ℝ := μ[fun ω => exp (t * X ω)] #align probability_theory.mgf ProbabilityTheory.mgf def cgf (X : Ω → ℝ) (μ : Measure Ω) (t : ℝ) : ℝ := log (mgf X μ t) #align probability_theory.cgf ProbabilityTheory.cgf @[simp] theorem mgf_zero_fun : mgf 0 μ t = (μ Set.univ).toReal := by simp only [mgf, Pi.zero_apply, mul_zero, exp_zero, integral_const, smul_eq_mul, mul_one] #align probability_theory.mgf_zero_fun ProbabilityTheory.mgf_zero_fun @[simp] theorem cgf_zero_fun : cgf 0 μ t = log (μ Set.univ).toReal := by simp only [cgf, mgf_zero_fun] #align probability_theory.cgf_zero_fun ProbabilityTheory.cgf_zero_fun @[simp] theorem mgf_zero_measure : mgf X (0 : Measure Ω) t = 0 := by simp only [mgf, integral_zero_measure] #align probability_theory.mgf_zero_measure ProbabilityTheory.mgf_zero_measure @[simp] theorem cgf_zero_measure : cgf X (0 : Measure Ω) t = 0 := by simp only [cgf, log_zero, mgf_zero_measure] #align probability_theory.cgf_zero_measure ProbabilityTheory.cgf_zero_measure @[simp] theorem mgf_const' (c : ℝ) : mgf (fun _ => c) μ t = (μ Set.univ).toReal * exp (t * c) := by simp only [mgf, integral_const, smul_eq_mul] #align probability_theory.mgf_const' ProbabilityTheory.mgf_const' -- @[simp] -- Porting note: `simp only` already proves this theorem mgf_const (c : ℝ) [IsProbabilityMeasure μ] : mgf (fun _ => c) μ t = exp (t * c) := by simp only [mgf_const', measure_univ, ENNReal.one_toReal, one_mul] #align probability_theory.mgf_const ProbabilityTheory.mgf_const @[simp] theorem cgf_const' [IsFiniteMeasure μ] (hμ : μ ≠ 0) (c : ℝ) : cgf (fun _ => c) μ t = log (μ Set.univ).toReal + t * c := by simp only [cgf, mgf_const'] rw [log_mul _ (exp_pos _).ne'] · rw [log_exp _] · rw [Ne, ENNReal.toReal_eq_zero_iff, Measure.measure_univ_eq_zero] simp only [hμ, measure_ne_top μ Set.univ, or_self_iff, not_false_iff] #align probability_theory.cgf_const' ProbabilityTheory.cgf_const' @[simp] theorem cgf_const [IsProbabilityMeasure μ] (c : ℝ) : cgf (fun _ => c) μ t = t * c := by simp only [cgf, mgf_const, log_exp] #align probability_theory.cgf_const ProbabilityTheory.cgf_const @[simp]
Mathlib/Probability/Moments.lean
156
157
theorem mgf_zero' : mgf X μ 0 = (μ Set.univ).toReal := by
simp only [mgf, zero_mul, exp_zero, integral_const, smul_eq_mul, mul_one]
import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Intervals import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Ring import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Group.Indicator import Mathlib.Order.LiminfLimsup import Mathlib.Order.Filter.Archimedean import Mathlib.Order.Filter.CountableInter import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.Group.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Set.Lattice import Mathlib.Topology.Order.Monotone #align_import topology.algebra.order.liminf_limsup from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"ce64cd319bb6b3e82f31c2d38e79080d377be451" open Filter TopologicalSpace open scoped Topology Classical universe u v variable {ι α β R S : Type*} {π : ι → Type*} class BoundedLENhdsClass (α : Type*) [Preorder α] [TopologicalSpace α] : Prop where isBounded_le_nhds (a : α) : (𝓝 a).IsBounded (· ≤ ·) #align bounded_le_nhds_class BoundedLENhdsClass class BoundedGENhdsClass (α : Type*) [Preorder α] [TopologicalSpace α] : Prop where isBounded_ge_nhds (a : α) : (𝓝 a).IsBounded (· ≥ ·) #align bounded_ge_nhds_class BoundedGENhdsClass section Preorder variable [Preorder α] [Preorder β] [TopologicalSpace α] [TopologicalSpace β] section LiminfLimsup section InfiAndSupr open Topology open Filter Set variable [CompleteLinearOrder R] [TopologicalSpace R] [OrderTopology R] theorem iInf_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto {x : R} {as : ι → R} (x_le : ∀ i, x ≤ as i) {F : Filter ι} [Filter.NeBot F] (as_lim : Filter.Tendsto as F (𝓝 x)) : ⨅ i, as i = x := by refine iInf_eq_of_forall_ge_of_forall_gt_exists_lt (fun i ↦ x_le i) ?_ apply fun w x_lt_w ↦ ‹Filter.NeBot F›.nonempty_of_mem (eventually_lt_of_tendsto_lt x_lt_w as_lim) #align infi_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto iInf_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto theorem iSup_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto {x : R} {as : ι → R} (le_x : ∀ i, as i ≤ x) {F : Filter ι} [Filter.NeBot F] (as_lim : Filter.Tendsto as F (𝓝 x)) : ⨆ i, as i = x := iInf_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto (R := Rᵒᵈ) le_x as_lim #align supr_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto iSup_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto
Mathlib/Topology/Algebra/Order/LiminfLimsup.lean
487
498
theorem iUnion_Ici_eq_Ioi_of_lt_of_tendsto (x : R) {as : ι → R} (x_lt : ∀ i, x < as i) {F : Filter ι} [Filter.NeBot F] (as_lim : Filter.Tendsto as F (𝓝 x)) : ⋃ i : ι, Ici (as i) = Ioi x := by
have obs : x ∉ range as := by intro maybe_x_is rcases mem_range.mp maybe_x_is with ⟨i, hi⟩ simpa only [hi, lt_self_iff_false] using x_lt i -- Porting note: `rw at *` was too destructive. Let's only rewrite `obs` and the goal. have := iInf_eq_of_forall_le_of_tendsto (fun i ↦ (x_lt i).le) as_lim rw [← this] at obs rw [← this] exact iUnion_Ici_eq_Ioi_iInf obs
import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.Supported import Mathlib.RingTheory.WittVector.Truncated #align_import ring_theory.witt_vector.mul_coeff from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2f5b500a507264de86d666a5f87ddb976e2d8de4" noncomputable section namespace WittVector variable (p : ℕ) [hp : Fact p.Prime] variable {k : Type*} [CommRing k] local notation "𝕎" => WittVector p -- Porting note: new notation local notation "𝕄" => MvPolynomial (Fin 2 × ℕ) ℤ open Finset MvPolynomial def wittPolyProd (n : ℕ) : 𝕄 := rename (Prod.mk (0 : Fin 2)) (wittPolynomial p ℤ n) * rename (Prod.mk (1 : Fin 2)) (wittPolynomial p ℤ n) #align witt_vector.witt_poly_prod WittVector.wittPolyProd theorem wittPolyProd_vars (n : ℕ) : (wittPolyProd p n).vars ⊆ univ ×ˢ range (n + 1) := by rw [wittPolyProd] apply Subset.trans (vars_mul _ _) refine union_subset ?_ ?_ <;> · refine Subset.trans (vars_rename _ _) ?_ simp [wittPolynomial_vars, image_subset_iff] #align witt_vector.witt_poly_prod_vars WittVector.wittPolyProd_vars def wittPolyProdRemainder (n : ℕ) : 𝕄 := ∑ i ∈ range n, (p : 𝕄) ^ i * wittMul p i ^ p ^ (n - i) #align witt_vector.witt_poly_prod_remainder WittVector.wittPolyProdRemainder
Mathlib/RingTheory/WittVector/MulCoeff.lean
69
85
theorem wittPolyProdRemainder_vars (n : ℕ) : (wittPolyProdRemainder p n).vars ⊆ univ ×ˢ range n := by
rw [wittPolyProdRemainder] refine Subset.trans (vars_sum_subset _ _) ?_ rw [biUnion_subset] intro x hx apply Subset.trans (vars_mul _ _) refine union_subset ?_ ?_ · apply Subset.trans (vars_pow _ _) have : (p : 𝕄) = C (p : ℤ) := by simp only [Int.cast_natCast, eq_intCast] rw [this, vars_C] apply empty_subset · apply Subset.trans (vars_pow _ _) apply Subset.trans (wittMul_vars _ _) apply product_subset_product (Subset.refl _) simp only [mem_range, range_subset] at hx ⊢ exact hx
import Mathlib.Order.RelClasses import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Set.Basic #align_import order.bounded from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"aba57d4d3dae35460225919dcd82fe91355162f9" namespace Set variable {α : Type*} {r : α → α → Prop} {s t : Set α} theorem Bounded.mono (hst : s ⊆ t) (hs : Bounded r t) : Bounded r s := hs.imp fun _ ha b hb => ha b (hst hb) #align set.bounded.mono Set.Bounded.mono theorem Unbounded.mono (hst : s ⊆ t) (hs : Unbounded r s) : Unbounded r t := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := hs a ⟨b, hst hb, hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded.mono Set.Unbounded.mono theorem unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a < b) : Unbounded (· ≤ ·) s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba => hba.not_lt hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt Set.unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt theorem unbounded_le_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· ≤ ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a < b := by simp only [Unbounded, not_le] #align set.unbounded_le_iff Set.unbounded_le_iff theorem unbounded_lt_of_forall_exists_le [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a ≤ b) : Unbounded (· < ·) s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba => hba.not_le hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded_lt_of_forall_exists_le Set.unbounded_lt_of_forall_exists_le theorem unbounded_lt_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· < ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a ≤ b := by simp only [Unbounded, not_lt] #align set.unbounded_lt_iff Set.unbounded_lt_iff theorem unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b < a) : Unbounded (· ≥ ·) s := @unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt αᵒᵈ _ _ h #align set.unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt Set.unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt theorem unbounded_ge_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· ≥ ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b < a := ⟨fun h a => let ⟨b, hb, hba⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, lt_of_not_ge hba⟩, unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt⟩ #align set.unbounded_ge_iff Set.unbounded_ge_iff theorem unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b ≤ a) : Unbounded (· > ·) s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba => not_le_of_gt hba hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge Set.unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge theorem unbounded_gt_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· > ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b ≤ a := ⟨fun h a => let ⟨b, hb, hba⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, le_of_not_gt hba⟩, unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge⟩ #align set.unbounded_gt_iff Set.unbounded_gt_iff theorem Bounded.rel_mono {r' : α → α → Prop} (h : Bounded r s) (hrr' : r ≤ r') : Bounded r' s := let ⟨a, ha⟩ := h ⟨a, fun b hb => hrr' b a (ha b hb)⟩ #align set.bounded.rel_mono Set.Bounded.rel_mono theorem bounded_le_of_bounded_lt [Preorder α] (h : Bounded (· < ·) s) : Bounded (· ≤ ·) s := h.rel_mono fun _ _ => le_of_lt #align set.bounded_le_of_bounded_lt Set.bounded_le_of_bounded_lt theorem Unbounded.rel_mono {r' : α → α → Prop} (hr : r' ≤ r) (h : Unbounded r s) : Unbounded r' s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hba⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba' => hba (hr b a hba')⟩ #align set.unbounded.rel_mono Set.Unbounded.rel_mono theorem unbounded_lt_of_unbounded_le [Preorder α] (h : Unbounded (· ≤ ·) s) : Unbounded (· < ·) s := h.rel_mono fun _ _ => le_of_lt #align set.unbounded_lt_of_unbounded_le Set.unbounded_lt_of_unbounded_le
Mathlib/Order/Bounded.lean
108
113
theorem bounded_le_iff_bounded_lt [Preorder α] [NoMaxOrder α] : Bounded (· ≤ ·) s ↔ Bounded (· < ·) s := by
refine ⟨fun h => ?_, bounded_le_of_bounded_lt⟩ cases' h with a ha cases' exists_gt a with b hb exact ⟨b, fun c hc => lt_of_le_of_lt (ha c hc) hb⟩
import Mathlib.Algebra.Associated import Mathlib.Algebra.GeomSum import Mathlib.Algebra.GroupWithZero.NonZeroDivisors import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.Defs import Mathlib.Algebra.SMulWithZero import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Choose.Sum import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Lattice import Mathlib.RingTheory.Nilpotent.Defs #align_import ring_theory.nilpotent from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"da420a8c6dd5bdfb85c4ced85c34388f633bc6ff" universe u v open Function Set variable {R S : Type*} {x y : R} theorem IsNilpotent.neg [Ring R] (h : IsNilpotent x) : IsNilpotent (-x) := by obtain ⟨n, hn⟩ := h use n rw [neg_pow, hn, mul_zero] #align is_nilpotent.neg IsNilpotent.neg @[simp] theorem isNilpotent_neg_iff [Ring R] : IsNilpotent (-x) ↔ IsNilpotent x := ⟨fun h => neg_neg x ▸ h.neg, fun h => h.neg⟩ #align is_nilpotent_neg_iff isNilpotent_neg_iff lemma IsNilpotent.smul [MonoidWithZero R] [MonoidWithZero S] [MulActionWithZero R S] [SMulCommClass R S S] [IsScalarTower R S S] {a : S} (ha : IsNilpotent a) (t : R) : IsNilpotent (t • a) := by obtain ⟨k, ha⟩ := ha use k rw [smul_pow, ha, smul_zero]
Mathlib/RingTheory/Nilpotent/Basic.lean
58
62
theorem IsNilpotent.isUnit_sub_one [Ring R] {r : R} (hnil : IsNilpotent r) : IsUnit (r - 1) := by
obtain ⟨n, hn⟩ := hnil refine ⟨⟨r - 1, -∑ i ∈ Finset.range n, r ^ i, ?_, ?_⟩, rfl⟩ · simp [mul_geom_sum, hn] · simp [geom_sum_mul, hn]
import Mathlib.GroupTheory.GroupAction.BigOperators import Mathlib.Logic.Equiv.Fin import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Pi import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.Prod import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.Submodule.Ker #align_import linear_algebra.pi from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"dc6c365e751e34d100e80fe6e314c3c3e0fd2988" universe u v w x y z u' v' w' x' y' variable {R : Type u} {K : Type u'} {M : Type v} {V : Type v'} {M₂ : Type w} {V₂ : Type w'} variable {M₃ : Type y} {V₃ : Type y'} {M₄ : Type z} {ι : Type x} {ι' : Type x'} open Function Submodule namespace LinearMap universe i variable [Semiring R] [AddCommMonoid M₂] [Module R M₂] [AddCommMonoid M₃] [Module R M₃] {φ : ι → Type i} [(i : ι) → AddCommMonoid (φ i)] [(i : ι) → Module R (φ i)] def pi (f : (i : ι) → M₂ →ₗ[R] φ i) : M₂ →ₗ[R] (i : ι) → φ i := { Pi.addHom fun i => (f i).toAddHom with toFun := fun c i => f i c map_smul' := fun _ _ => funext fun i => (f i).map_smul _ _ } #align linear_map.pi LinearMap.pi @[simp] theorem pi_apply (f : (i : ι) → M₂ →ₗ[R] φ i) (c : M₂) (i : ι) : pi f c i = f i c := rfl #align linear_map.pi_apply LinearMap.pi_apply theorem ker_pi (f : (i : ι) → M₂ →ₗ[R] φ i) : ker (pi f) = ⨅ i : ι, ker (f i) := by ext c; simp [funext_iff] #align linear_map.ker_pi LinearMap.ker_pi theorem pi_eq_zero (f : (i : ι) → M₂ →ₗ[R] φ i) : pi f = 0 ↔ ∀ i, f i = 0 := by simp only [LinearMap.ext_iff, pi_apply, funext_iff]; exact ⟨fun h a b => h b a, fun h a b => h b a⟩ #align linear_map.pi_eq_zero LinearMap.pi_eq_zero
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Pi.lean
69
69
theorem pi_zero : pi (fun i => 0 : (i : ι) → M₂ →ₗ[R] φ i) = 0 := by
ext; rfl
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.Real import Mathlib.Data.Int.Log #align_import analysis.special_functions.log.base from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f23a09ce6d3f367220dc3cecad6b7eb69eb01690" open Set Filter Function open Topology noncomputable section namespace Real variable {b x y : ℝ} -- @[pp_nodot] -- Porting note: removed noncomputable def logb (b x : ℝ) : ℝ := log x / log b #align real.logb Real.logb theorem log_div_log : log x / log b = logb b x := rfl #align real.log_div_log Real.log_div_log @[simp] theorem logb_zero : logb b 0 = 0 := by simp [logb] #align real.logb_zero Real.logb_zero @[simp] theorem logb_one : logb b 1 = 0 := by simp [logb] #align real.logb_one Real.logb_one @[simp] lemma logb_self_eq_one (hb : 1 < b) : logb b b = 1 := div_self (log_pos hb).ne' lemma logb_self_eq_one_iff : logb b b = 1 ↔ b ≠ 0 ∧ b ≠ 1 ∧ b ≠ -1 := Iff.trans ⟨fun h h' => by simp [logb, h'] at h, div_self⟩ log_ne_zero @[simp] theorem logb_abs (x : ℝ) : logb b |x| = logb b x := by rw [logb, logb, log_abs] #align real.logb_abs Real.logb_abs @[simp] theorem logb_neg_eq_logb (x : ℝ) : logb b (-x) = logb b x := by rw [← logb_abs x, ← logb_abs (-x), abs_neg] #align real.logb_neg_eq_logb Real.logb_neg_eq_logb theorem logb_mul (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : logb b (x * y) = logb b x + logb b y := by simp_rw [logb, log_mul hx hy, add_div] #align real.logb_mul Real.logb_mul theorem logb_div (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : logb b (x / y) = logb b x - logb b y := by simp_rw [logb, log_div hx hy, sub_div] #align real.logb_div Real.logb_div @[simp] theorem logb_inv (x : ℝ) : logb b x⁻¹ = -logb b x := by simp [logb, neg_div] #align real.logb_inv Real.logb_inv theorem inv_logb (a b : ℝ) : (logb a b)⁻¹ = logb b a := by simp_rw [logb, inv_div] #align real.inv_logb Real.inv_logb theorem inv_logb_mul_base {a b : ℝ} (h₁ : a ≠ 0) (h₂ : b ≠ 0) (c : ℝ) : (logb (a * b) c)⁻¹ = (logb a c)⁻¹ + (logb b c)⁻¹ := by simp_rw [inv_logb]; exact logb_mul h₁ h₂ #align real.inv_logb_mul_base Real.inv_logb_mul_base theorem inv_logb_div_base {a b : ℝ} (h₁ : a ≠ 0) (h₂ : b ≠ 0) (c : ℝ) : (logb (a / b) c)⁻¹ = (logb a c)⁻¹ - (logb b c)⁻¹ := by simp_rw [inv_logb]; exact logb_div h₁ h₂ #align real.inv_logb_div_base Real.inv_logb_div_base
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Log/Base.lean
97
98
theorem logb_mul_base {a b : ℝ} (h₁ : a ≠ 0) (h₂ : b ≠ 0) (c : ℝ) : logb (a * b) c = ((logb a c)⁻¹ + (logb b c)⁻¹)⁻¹ := by
rw [← inv_logb_mul_base h₁ h₂ c, inv_inv]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Homology.Homotopy import Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.Notations #align_import algebraic_topology.dold_kan.homotopies from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"b12099d3b7febf4209824444dd836ef5ad96db55" open CategoryTheory CategoryTheory.Category CategoryTheory.Limits CategoryTheory.Preadditive CategoryTheory.SimplicialObject Homotopy Opposite Simplicial DoldKan noncomputable section namespace AlgebraicTopology namespace DoldKan variable {C : Type*} [Category C] [Preadditive C] variable {X : SimplicialObject C} abbrev c := ComplexShape.down ℕ #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.c AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.c theorem c_mk (i j : ℕ) (h : j + 1 = i) : c.Rel i j := ComplexShape.down_mk i j h #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.c_mk AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.c_mk theorem cs_down_0_not_rel_left (j : ℕ) : ¬c.Rel 0 j := by intro hj dsimp at hj apply Nat.not_succ_le_zero j rw [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, hj] #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.cs_down_0_not_rel_left AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.cs_down_0_not_rel_left def hσ (q : ℕ) (n : ℕ) : X _[n] ⟶ X _[n + 1] := if n < q then 0 else (-1 : ℤ) ^ (n - q) • X.σ ⟨n - q, Nat.lt_succ_of_le (Nat.sub_le _ _)⟩ #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.hσ AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.hσ def hσ' (q : ℕ) : ∀ n m, c.Rel m n → (K[X].X n ⟶ K[X].X m) := fun n m hnm => hσ q n ≫ eqToHom (by congr) #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.hσ' AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.hσ' theorem hσ'_eq_zero {q n m : ℕ} (hnq : n < q) (hnm : c.Rel m n) : (hσ' q n m hnm : X _[n] ⟶ X _[m]) = 0 := by simp only [hσ', hσ] split_ifs exact zero_comp #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.hσ'_eq_zero AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.hσ'_eq_zero theorem hσ'_eq {q n a m : ℕ} (ha : n = a + q) (hnm : c.Rel m n) : (hσ' q n m hnm : X _[n] ⟶ X _[m]) = ((-1 : ℤ) ^ a • X.σ ⟨a, Nat.lt_succ_iff.mpr (Nat.le.intro (Eq.symm ha))⟩) ≫ eqToHom (by congr) := by simp only [hσ', hσ] split_ifs · omega · have h' := tsub_eq_of_eq_add ha congr #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.hσ'_eq AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.hσ'_eq theorem hσ'_eq' {q n a : ℕ} (ha : n = a + q) : (hσ' q n (n + 1) rfl : X _[n] ⟶ X _[n + 1]) = (-1 : ℤ) ^ a • X.σ ⟨a, Nat.lt_succ_iff.mpr (Nat.le.intro (Eq.symm ha))⟩ := by rw [hσ'_eq ha rfl, eqToHom_refl, comp_id] #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.hσ'_eq' AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.hσ'_eq' def Hσ (q : ℕ) : K[X] ⟶ K[X] := nullHomotopicMap' (hσ' q) set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.Hσ AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.hσ def homotopyHσToZero (q : ℕ) : Homotopy (Hσ q : K[X] ⟶ K[X]) 0 := nullHomotopy' (hσ' q) set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.homotopy_Hσ_to_zero AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.homotopyHσToZero theorem Hσ_eq_zero (q : ℕ) : (Hσ q : K[X] ⟶ K[X]).f 0 = 0 := by unfold Hσ rw [nullHomotopicMap'_f_of_not_rel_left (c_mk 1 0 rfl) cs_down_0_not_rel_left] rcases q with (_|q) · rw [hσ'_eq (show 0 = 0 + 0 by rfl) (c_mk 1 0 rfl)] simp only [pow_zero, Fin.mk_zero, one_zsmul, eqToHom_refl, Category.comp_id] erw [ChainComplex.of_d] rw [AlternatingFaceMapComplex.objD, Fin.sum_univ_two, Fin.val_zero, Fin.val_one, pow_zero, pow_one, one_smul, neg_smul, one_smul, comp_add, comp_neg, add_neg_eq_zero] erw [δ_comp_σ_self, δ_comp_σ_succ] · rw [hσ'_eq_zero (Nat.succ_pos q) (c_mk 1 0 rfl), zero_comp] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.Hσ_eq_zero AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.Hσ_eq_zero
Mathlib/AlgebraicTopology/DoldKan/Homotopies.lean
156
166
theorem hσ'_naturality (q : ℕ) (n m : ℕ) (hnm : c.Rel m n) {X Y : SimplicialObject C} (f : X ⟶ Y) : f.app (op [n]) ≫ hσ' q n m hnm = hσ' q n m hnm ≫ f.app (op [m]) := by
have h : n + 1 = m := hnm subst h simp only [hσ', eqToHom_refl, comp_id] unfold hσ split_ifs · rw [zero_comp, comp_zero] · simp only [zsmul_comp, comp_zsmul] erw [f.naturality] rfl
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ContDiff.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Mul import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Shift import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.IteratedDeriv.Defs variable {𝕜 : Type*} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace 𝕜 F] {R : Type*} [Semiring R] [Module R F] [SMulCommClass 𝕜 R F] [ContinuousConstSMul R F] {n : ℕ} {x : 𝕜} {s : Set 𝕜} (hx : x ∈ s) (h : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s) {f g : 𝕜 → F} theorem iteratedDerivWithin_add (hf : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n f s) (hg : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n g s) : iteratedDerivWithin n (f + g) s x = iteratedDerivWithin n f s x + iteratedDerivWithin n g s x := by simp_rw [iteratedDerivWithin, iteratedFDerivWithin_add_apply hf hg h hx, ContinuousMultilinearMap.add_apply] theorem iteratedDerivWithin_congr (hfg : Set.EqOn f g s) : Set.EqOn (iteratedDerivWithin n f s) (iteratedDerivWithin n g s) s := by induction n generalizing f g with | zero => rwa [iteratedDerivWithin_zero] | succ n IH => intro y hy have : UniqueDiffWithinAt 𝕜 s y := h.uniqueDiffWithinAt hy rw [iteratedDerivWithin_succ this, iteratedDerivWithin_succ this] exact derivWithin_congr (IH hfg) (IH hfg hy) theorem iteratedDerivWithin_const_add (hn : 0 < n) (c : F) : iteratedDerivWithin n (fun z => c + f z) s x = iteratedDerivWithin n f s x := by obtain ⟨n, rfl⟩ := n.exists_eq_succ_of_ne_zero hn.ne' rw [iteratedDerivWithin_succ' h hx, iteratedDerivWithin_succ' h hx] refine iteratedDerivWithin_congr h ?_ hx intro y hy exact derivWithin_const_add (h.uniqueDiffWithinAt hy) _
Mathlib/Analysis/Calculus/IteratedDeriv/Lemmas.lean
48
56
theorem iteratedDerivWithin_const_neg (hn : 0 < n) (c : F) : iteratedDerivWithin n (fun z => c - f z) s x = iteratedDerivWithin n (fun z => -f z) s x := by
obtain ⟨n, rfl⟩ := n.exists_eq_succ_of_ne_zero hn.ne' rw [iteratedDerivWithin_succ' h hx, iteratedDerivWithin_succ' h hx] refine iteratedDerivWithin_congr h ?_ hx intro y hy have : UniqueDiffWithinAt 𝕜 s y := h.uniqueDiffWithinAt hy rw [derivWithin.neg this] exact derivWithin_const_sub this _
import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.Module.WeakDual import Mathlib.Algebra.Algebra.Spectrum import Mathlib.Topology.ContinuousFunction.Algebra import Mathlib.Data.Set.Lattice #align_import topology.algebra.module.character_space from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"a148d797a1094ab554ad4183a4ad6f130358ef64" namespace WeakDual def characterSpace (𝕜 : Type*) (A : Type*) [CommSemiring 𝕜] [TopologicalSpace 𝕜] [ContinuousAdd 𝕜] [ContinuousConstSMul 𝕜 𝕜] [NonUnitalNonAssocSemiring A] [TopologicalSpace A] [Module 𝕜 A] := {φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A | φ ≠ 0 ∧ ∀ x y : A, φ (x * y) = φ x * φ y} #align weak_dual.character_space WeakDual.characterSpace variable {𝕜 : Type*} {A : Type*} -- Porting note: even though the capitalization of the namespace differs, it doesn't matter -- because there is no dot notation since `characterSpace` is only a type via `CoeSort`. namespace CharacterSpace section NonUnitalNonAssocSemiring variable [CommSemiring 𝕜] [TopologicalSpace 𝕜] [ContinuousAdd 𝕜] [ContinuousConstSMul 𝕜 𝕜] [NonUnitalNonAssocSemiring A] [TopologicalSpace A] [Module 𝕜 A] instance instFunLike : FunLike (characterSpace 𝕜 A) A 𝕜 where coe φ := ((φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A) : A → 𝕜) coe_injective' φ ψ h := by ext1; apply DFunLike.ext; exact congr_fun h instance instContinuousLinearMapClass : ContinuousLinearMapClass (characterSpace 𝕜 A) 𝕜 A 𝕜 where map_smulₛₗ φ := (φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A).map_smul map_add φ := (φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A).map_add map_continuous φ := (φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A).cont -- Porting note: moved because Lean 4 doesn't see the `DFunLike` instance on `characterSpace 𝕜 A` -- until the `ContinuousLinearMapClass` instance is declared @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_coe (φ : characterSpace 𝕜 A) : ⇑(φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A) = (φ : A → 𝕜) := rfl #align weak_dual.character_space.coe_coe WeakDual.CharacterSpace.coe_coe @[ext] theorem ext {φ ψ : characterSpace 𝕜 A} (h : ∀ x, φ x = ψ x) : φ = ψ := DFunLike.ext _ _ h #align weak_dual.character_space.ext WeakDual.CharacterSpace.ext def toCLM (φ : characterSpace 𝕜 A) : A →L[𝕜] 𝕜 := (φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A) #align weak_dual.character_space.to_clm WeakDual.CharacterSpace.toCLM @[simp] theorem coe_toCLM (φ : characterSpace 𝕜 A) : ⇑(toCLM φ) = φ := rfl #align weak_dual.character_space.coe_to_clm WeakDual.CharacterSpace.coe_toCLM instance instNonUnitalAlgHomClass : NonUnitalAlgHomClass (characterSpace 𝕜 A) 𝕜 A 𝕜 := { CharacterSpace.instContinuousLinearMapClass with map_smulₛₗ := fun φ => map_smul φ map_zero := fun φ => map_zero φ map_mul := fun φ => φ.prop.2 } def toNonUnitalAlgHom (φ : characterSpace 𝕜 A) : A →ₙₐ[𝕜] 𝕜 where toFun := (φ : A → 𝕜) map_mul' := map_mul φ map_smul' := map_smul φ map_zero' := map_zero φ map_add' := map_add φ #align weak_dual.character_space.to_non_unital_alg_hom WeakDual.CharacterSpace.toNonUnitalAlgHom @[simp] theorem coe_toNonUnitalAlgHom (φ : characterSpace 𝕜 A) : ⇑(toNonUnitalAlgHom φ) = φ := rfl #align weak_dual.character_space.coe_to_non_unital_alg_hom WeakDual.CharacterSpace.coe_toNonUnitalAlgHom instance instIsEmpty [Subsingleton A] : IsEmpty (characterSpace 𝕜 A) := ⟨fun φ => φ.prop.1 <| ContinuousLinearMap.ext fun x => by rw [show x = 0 from Subsingleton.elim x 0, map_zero, map_zero] ⟩ variable (𝕜 A) theorem union_zero : characterSpace 𝕜 A ∪ {0} = {φ : WeakDual 𝕜 A | ∀ x y : A, φ (x * y) = φ x * φ y} := le_antisymm (by rintro φ (hφ | rfl) · exact hφ.2 · exact fun _ _ => by exact (zero_mul (0 : 𝕜)).symm) fun φ hφ => Or.elim (em <| φ = 0) Or.inr fun h₀ => Or.inl ⟨h₀, hφ⟩ #align weak_dual.character_space.union_zero WeakDual.CharacterSpace.union_zero
Mathlib/Topology/Algebra/Module/CharacterSpace.lean
128
134
theorem union_zero_isClosed [T2Space 𝕜] [ContinuousMul 𝕜] : IsClosed (characterSpace 𝕜 A ∪ {0}) := by
simp only [union_zero, Set.setOf_forall] exact isClosed_iInter fun x => isClosed_iInter fun y => isClosed_eq (eval_continuous _) <| (eval_continuous _).mul (eval_continuous _)
import Mathlib.RingTheory.Localization.Basic #align_import ring_theory.localization.integer from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"9556784a5b84697562e9c6acb40500d4a82e675a" variable {R : Type*} [CommSemiring R] {M : Submonoid R} {S : Type*} [CommSemiring S] variable [Algebra R S] {P : Type*} [CommSemiring P] open Function namespace IsLocalization section variable (R) -- TODO: define a subalgebra of `IsInteger`s def IsInteger (a : S) : Prop := a ∈ (algebraMap R S).rangeS #align is_localization.is_integer IsLocalization.IsInteger end theorem isInteger_zero : IsInteger R (0 : S) := Subsemiring.zero_mem _ #align is_localization.is_integer_zero IsLocalization.isInteger_zero theorem isInteger_one : IsInteger R (1 : S) := Subsemiring.one_mem _ #align is_localization.is_integer_one IsLocalization.isInteger_one theorem isInteger_add {a b : S} (ha : IsInteger R a) (hb : IsInteger R b) : IsInteger R (a + b) := Subsemiring.add_mem _ ha hb #align is_localization.is_integer_add IsLocalization.isInteger_add theorem isInteger_mul {a b : S} (ha : IsInteger R a) (hb : IsInteger R b) : IsInteger R (a * b) := Subsemiring.mul_mem _ ha hb #align is_localization.is_integer_mul IsLocalization.isInteger_mul
Mathlib/RingTheory/Localization/Integer.lean
63
66
theorem isInteger_smul {a : R} {b : S} (hb : IsInteger R b) : IsInteger R (a • b) := by
rcases hb with ⟨b', hb⟩ use a * b' rw [← hb, (algebraMap R S).map_mul, Algebra.smul_def]
import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Invertible import Mathlib.Data.ZMod.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.Localization.FractionRing import Mathlib.RingTheory.Polynomial.Chebyshev import Mathlib.RingTheory.Ideal.LocalRing #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.dickson from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"70fd9563a21e7b963887c9360bd29b2393e6225a" noncomputable section namespace Polynomial open Polynomial variable {R S : Type*} [CommRing R] [CommRing S] (k : ℕ) (a : R) noncomputable def dickson : ℕ → R[X] | 0 => 3 - k | 1 => X | n + 2 => X * dickson (n + 1) - C a * dickson n #align polynomial.dickson Polynomial.dickson @[simp] theorem dickson_zero : dickson k a 0 = 3 - k := rfl #align polynomial.dickson_zero Polynomial.dickson_zero @[simp] theorem dickson_one : dickson k a 1 = X := rfl #align polynomial.dickson_one Polynomial.dickson_one theorem dickson_two : dickson k a 2 = X ^ 2 - C a * (3 - k : R[X]) := by simp only [dickson, sq] #align polynomial.dickson_two Polynomial.dickson_two @[simp]
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/Dickson.lean
82
83
theorem dickson_add_two (n : ℕ) : dickson k a (n + 2) = X * dickson k a (n + 1) - C a * dickson k a n := by
rw [dickson]