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Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization is a complicated problem due to the
idiosyncrasies of possible distribution shifts between training and test
domains. Most benchmarks employ diverse datasets to address this issue;
however, the degree of the distribution shift between the training domains and
the test domains of... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.06622v2 |
In online marketplaces, customers have access to hundreds of reviews for a
single product. Buyers often use reviews from other customers that share their
type -- such as height for clothing, skin type for skincare products, and
location for outdoor furniture -- to estimate their values, which they may not
know a priori... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.09700v2 |
As artificial intelligence and machine learning continue to advance, we must
understand their strategic importance in national security. This paper focuses
on unique AI applications in the military, emphasizes strategic imperatives for
success, and aims to rekindle excitement about AI's role in national security.
We wi... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13927v1 |
We derive an explicit distribution for the threshold sequence of the
symmetric binary perceptron with Gaussian disorder, proving that the critical
window is of constant width. | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.10701v2 |
Label-efficient time series representation learning, which aims to learn
effective representations with limited labeled data, is crucial for deploying
deep learning models in real-world applications. To address the scarcity of
labeled time series data, various strategies, e.g., transfer learning,
self-supervised learni... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.06433v4 |
Real-world time series data that commonly reflect sequential human behavior
are often uniquely irregularly sampled and sparse, with highly nonuniform
sampling over time and entities. Yet, commonly-used pretraining and
augmentation methods for time series are not specifically designed for such
scenarios. In this paper, ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13703v1 |
The recently developed Projective Quantum Eigensolver (PQE) has been
demonstrated as an elegant methodology to compute the ground state energy of
molecular systems in Noisy Intermdiate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. The
iterative optimization of the ansatz parameters involves repeated construction
of residues on a quant... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.11266v1 |
We present a cryptographic-inspired framework for modeling Bell nonlocal
correlations. Drawing inspiration from the renowned De Broglie-Bohm theory, we
conceptualize nonlocal boxes as realistic systems featuring instantaneous
signaling at the hidden variable level. By introducing randomness into the
distribution of the... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.03395v2 |
Drug dosing is an important application of AI, which can be formulated as a
Reinforcement Learning (RL) problem. In this paper, we identify two major
challenges of using RL for drug dosing: delayed and prolonged effects of
administering medications, which break the Markov assumption of the RL
framework. We focus on pro... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00512v1 |
In the video game industry, great importance is given to the experience that
the user has while playing a game. In particular, this experience benefits from
the players' perceived sense of being in the game or immersion. The level of
user immersion depends not only on the game's content but also on how the game
is disp... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.16431v1 |
Utilizing state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs), automatic code
generation models play a pivotal role in enhancing the productivity of software
development procedures. As the adoption of LLMs becomes more widespread in
software coding ecosystems, a pressing issue has emerged: does the generated
code contain soc... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.14345v3 |
A 'degenerate string' is a sequence of subsets of some alphabet; it
represents any string obtainable by selecting one character from each set from
left to right. Recently, Alanko et al. generalized the rank-select problem to
degenerate strings, where given a character $c$ and position $i$ the goal is to
find either the... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.19702v3 |
The skeleton of a digital image is a compact representation of its topology,
geometry, and scale. It has utility in many computer vision applications, such
as image description, segmentation, and registration. However, skeletonization
has only seen limited use in contemporary deep learning solutions. Most
existing skel... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.02527v1 |
Today, the competition to build a quantum computer continues, and the number
of qubits in hardware is increasing rapidly. However, the quantum noise that
comes with this process reduces the performance of algorithmic applications, so
alternative ways in quantum computer architecture and implementation of
algorithms are... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.12298v1 |
Let $A$ be a $\sigma$-unital finite simple $C^*$-algebra which has strict
comparison property. We show that if the canonical map $\Gamma$ from the Cuntz
semigroup to certain lower semi-continuous affine functions is surjective, then
$A$ has tracial approximate oscillation zero and stable rank one. Equivalently,
if $A$ ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.09250v2 |
Wilson-loop has been widely used to characterize the topological property of
topological insulators, high order topological insulators and topological
semimetals. Both bulk topological invariants and nontrivial boundary properties
can be deduced from the topology of Wilson-loop spectrum. However, no attempt
has been ma... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10178v1 |
Industrial insider risk assessment using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals
has consistently attracted a lot of research attention. However, EEG
signal-based risk assessment systems, which could evaluate the emotional states
of humans, have shown several vulnerabilities to data poison attacks. In this
paper, from the a... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.04224v1 |
In this paper, we consider M\"obius functions associated with two types of
$L$-functions: Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions of symmetric powers of distinct
holomorphic cusp forms and $L$-functions of Maass cusp forms. We show that
these M\"obius functions are weakly orthogonal to bounded sequences. As a
direct corollary, a ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.11114v1 |
Automated fact-checking, using machine learning to verify claims, has grown
vital as misinformation spreads beyond human fact-checking capacity. Large
Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 are increasingly trusted to write academic
papers, lawsuits, and news articles and to verify information, emphasizing
their role in dis... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.13549v2 |
Humans naturally perceive surrounding scenes by unifying sound and sight in a
first-person view. Likewise, machines are advanced to approach human
intelligence by learning with multisensory inputs from an egocentric
perspective. In this paper, we explore the challenging egocentric audio-visual
object localization task ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13471v1 |
In this paper, we prove pure point spectrum for a large class of
Schr\"odinger operators over circle maps with conditions on the rotation number
going beyond the Diophantine. More specifically, we develop the scheme to
obtain pure point spectrum for Schr\"odinger operators with monotone
bi-Lipschitz potentials over ori... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.17599v1 |
This work proposes a strategy for training models while annotating data named
Intelligent Annotation (IA). IA involves three modules: (1) assisted data
annotation, (2) background model training, and (3) active selection of the next
datapoints. Under this framework, we open-source the IAdet tool, which is
specific for s... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.01582v1 |
Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field. In this article, we construct
$p$-adic $L$-functions of non-cuspidal Bianchi modular forms by introducing the
notions of $C$-cuspidality and partial Bianchi modular symbols. When $p$ splits
in $K$, we deepen in the construction of $p$-adic $L$-functions of non-cuspidal
base chan... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.13758v3 |
Most high-level computer vision tasks rely on low-level image operations as
their initial processes. Operations such as edge detection, image enhancement,
and super-resolution, provide the foundations for higher level image analysis.
In this work we address the edge detection considering three main objectives:
simplici... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.06468v1 |
In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving method with a secret key for
convolutional neural network (CNN)-based speech classification tasks. Recently,
many methods related to privacy preservation have been developed in image
classification research fields. In contrast, in speech classification research
fields, lit... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.04035v1 |
As is well known that the distribution of the scattered radiation generated
by an anisotropic scatterer usually lacks rotational symmetry about the
direction of incidence due to the spatial anisotropy of the scatterer itself.
Here we show that the rotationally symmetric distribution of the far-zone
scattered momentum f... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.00844v1 |
A hypothetical non-dimerized Cu chain in equilibrium is a spin-\half atom
Mott insulator (AMI), eventhough its band width is high ~ 10 eV. This RVB
reservoir has a large exchange coupling J ~ 2 eV. This idea of, \textit{broad
band Mott localization} was used by us in our earlier works, including
prediction of high Tc s... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01307v1 |
There is wide agreement that ethical considerations are a valuable aspect of
a data science curriculum, and to that end, many data science programs offer
courses in data science ethics. There are not always, however, explicit
connections between data science ethics and the centuries-old work on ethics
within the discip... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.02444v3 |
Hybrid switched-capacitor converters (HSCC) offer great potential for high
efficiency and power density compared to purely capacitor- or inductor-based
converters. However, the recent proliferation of HSCC topologies has made it
difficult to choose the best one for a particular application. This paper
presents a benchm... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.06494v1 |
Early detection of dysplasia of the cervix is critical for cervical cancer
treatment. However, automatic cervical dysplasia diagnosis via visual
inspection, which is more appropriate in low-resource settings, remains a
challenging problem. Though promising results have been obtained by recent deep
learning models, thei... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.09983v1 |
Grammatical forms are said to evolve via two main mechanisms. These are,
respectively, the `descent' mechanism, where current forms can be seen to have
descended (albeit with occasional modifications) from their roots in ancient
languages, and the `contact' mechanism, where evolution in a given language
occurs via borr... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02655v1 |
Diagnostic investigation has an important role in risk stratification and
clinical decision making of patients with suspected and documented Coronary
Artery Disease (CAD). However, the majority of existing tools are primarily
focused on the selection of gatekeeper tests, whereas only a handful of systems
contain inform... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.00330v1 |
The non-relativistic large-$Z$ expansion of the exchange energy of neutral
atoms provides an important input to modern non-empirical density functional
approximations. Recent works report results of fitting the terms beyond the
dominant term, given by the local density approximation (LDA), leading to an
anomalous ZlnZ ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03982v1 |
Spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes are a class of
capacity approaching LDPC codes with low message recovery latency when a
sliding window decoding is used. In this paper, we first present a new method
for the construction of a class of SC-LDPC codes by the incidence matrices of a
given non-negat... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.12657v1 |
We investigate the potential of surface plasmon polaritons at noble metal
interfaces for surface-enhanced chiroptical sensing of dilute chiral drug
solutions. The high quality factor of surface plasmon resonances in both Otto
and Kretschmann configurations enables the enhancement of circular dichroism
differenatial abs... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.08445v2 |
The role of magnetic fields in galaxy evolution is still an unsolved question
in astrophysics. We have previously shown that magnetic fields play a crucial
role in major mergers between disc galaxies; in hydrodynamic simulations of
such mergers, the Auriga model produces compact remnants with a distinctive bar
and ring... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.13208v2 |
System goals are the statements that, in the context of software requirements
specification, capture how the software should behave. Many times, the
understanding of stakeholders on what the system should do, as captured in the
goals, can lead to different problems, from clearly contradicting goals, to
more subtle situ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.05213v1 |
We consider word automaticity for groups that are nilpotent of class $2$ and
have exponent a prime $p$. We show that the infinitely generated free group in
this variety is not word automatic. In contrast, the infinite extra-special
$p$-group $E_p$ is word automatic, as well as an intermediate group $H_p$ which
has an i... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12446v1 |
Response details are presented of small-scale Helmholtz resonators excited by
grazing turbulent boundary layer flow. A particular focus lies on scaling of
the resonance, in relation to the spatio-temporal characteristics of the
near-wall velocity and wall-pressure fluctuations. Resonators are tuned to
different portion... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.07776v1 |
The escalating number of pending cases is a growing concern world-wide.
Recent advancements in digitization have opened up possibilities for leveraging
artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the processing of legal documents.
Adopting a structured representation for legal documents, as opposed to a mere
bag-of-words fla... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.12131v1 |
Large industrial facilities such as particle accelerators and nuclear power
plants are critical infrastructures for scientific research and industrial
processes. These facilities are complex systems that not only require regular
maintenance and upgrades but are often inaccessible to humans due to various
safety hazards... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.09860v1 |
This paper examines the behavior of a positive solution $u\in
C^{1,\alpha}(\Bar{\Omega})$ of the $(p,q)$ Laplace equation with a singular
term and zero Dirichlet boundary condition. Specifically, we consider the
equation: \begin{equation*} -div(|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u+ a(x) |\nabla
u|^{q-2}\nabla u) &= \frac{g(x)}{u^\... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.10861v1 |
Single-occupancy vehicles (SOVs) are charged to use the highoccupancy-toll
(HOT) lanes, while high-occupancy-vehicles (HOVs) can drive in them at no cost.
The pricing scheme for HOT lanes has been extensively studied at local
bottlenecks or at the network level through computationally expensive
simulations. However, th... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.01990v1 |
We derive the upper limit on the dark matter (DM) fraction in primordial
black holes (PBHs) in the mixed DM scenarios. In this scenarios, a PBH can
accrete weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) to form a ultracompact
minihalo (UCMH) with a density profile of $\rho_{\rm DM}(r)\sim r^{-9/4}$. The
energy released f... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.07010v2 |
The EGB is an outcome of quadratic curvature corrections to the
Einstein-Hilbert gravity action in the form of a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term in $ D
> 4$ dimensions, and EGB gravity is topologically invariant in $4D$. Several
ways have been proposed for regularizing the $ D \to 4 $ limit of EGB for
non-trivial gravitational ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02133v1 |
We introduce the the fractional Laplacian on a subgraph of a graph with
Dirichlet boundary condition. For a lattice graph, we prove the upper and lower
estimates for the sum of the first $k$ Dirichlet eigenvalues of the fractional
Laplacian, extending the classical results by Li-Yau and Kr\"{o}ger. | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.15766v2 |
Partial edge drawings (PED) of graphs avoid edge crossings by subdividing
each edge into three parts and representing only its stubs, i.e., the parts
incident to the end-nodes. The morphing edge drawing model (MED) extends the
PED drawing style by animations that smoothly morph each edge between its
representation as s... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.00456v2 |
We start by presenting the general set of structure equations for the 1+3
threading spacetime decomposition in 4 spacetime dimensions, valid for any
theory of gravitation based on a metric compatible affine connection. We then
apply these equations to the study of cosmological solutions of the
Einstein-Cartan theory in... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.03104v1 |
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the construction sector,
which is sensitive to economic cycles. In order to boost value and efficiency
in this sector, the use of innovative exploration technologies such as
ultrasonic and Artificial Intelligence techniques in building material research
is becoming incre... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.05884v1 |
Recent works such as BARF and GARF can bundle adjust camera poses with neural
radiance fields (NeRF) which is based on coordinate-MLPs. Despite the
impressive results, these methods cannot be applied to Generalizable NeRFs
(GeNeRFs) which require image feature extractions that are often based on more
complicated 3D CNN... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.14478v1 |
Impurity-bound excitons in ZnSe quantum wells are bright single photon
emitters--a crucial element in photonics-based quantum technology. But to
achieve the efficiencies required for practical applications, these emitters
must be integrated into optical cavities that enhance their radiative
properties and far-field emi... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.01748v2 |
The development of algorithms that learn multi-agent behavioral models using
human demonstrations has led to increasingly realistic simulations in the field
of autonomous driving. In general, such models learn to jointly predict
trajectories for all controlled agents by exploiting road context information
such as driva... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.11856v2 |
We conducted a comprehensive investigation of the brightest-of-all-time GRB
221009A using new insights from very high energy (VHE) observations from LHAASO
and a complete multiwavelength afterglow dataset. Through data fitting, we
imposed constraints on the jet structure, radiation mechanisms, and burst
environment of ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15886v2 |
We study representations of simply-laced Weyl groups which are equipped with
canonical bases. Our main result is that for a large class of representations,
the separable elements of the Weyl group $W$ act on these canonical bases by
bijections up to lower-order terms. Examples of this phenomenon include the
action of s... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08857v1 |
Traditional recommender systems estimate user preference on items purely
based on historical interaction records, thus failing to capture fine-grained
yet dynamic user interests and letting users receive recommendation only
passively. Recent conversational recommender systems (CRSs) tackle those
limitations by enabling... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.00783v1 |
Automatic Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a research avenue of great
societal impact. End-to-End SLT facilitates the interaction of Hard-of-Hearing
(HoH) with hearing people, thus improving their social life and opportunities
for participation in social life. However, research within this frame of
reference is still... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.04753v1 |
T CrB is a symbiotic recurrent nova that exhibits quiescent and active phases
between its classical nova eruptions. The statistical properties of these
active phases have been poorly studied thus far. Because of that their nature
remained unknown. Here we study statistical properties of the active phases and
show that ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.13838v1 |
We investigate the duality and norm completeness in the classes of
limitedly--L-weakly compact and Dunford--Pettis--L-weakly compact and operators
from Banach spaces to Banach lattices. | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.15414v2 |
The requirements for hadron polarimetry at the future Electron Ion Collider
(EIC) include measurements of the absolute helion ($^3$He, $h$) beam
polarization with systematic uncertainties better than
$\sigma^\text{syst}_P/P\le1\%$. Recently, it was proposed that the Polarized
Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target (HJET) be ut... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13099v2 |
The magnetic and structural properties of the recently discovered
pnictogen/chalcogen-free superconductor LaFeSiH ($T_c\simeq10$~K) have been
investigated by $^{57}$Fe synchrotron M{\"o}ssbauer source (SMS) spectroscopy,
x-ray and neutron powder diffraction and $^{29}$Si nuclear magnetic resonance
spectroscopy (NMR). N... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.02241v1 |
We propose Joint MLP/Attention (JoMA) dynamics, a novel mathematical
framework to understand the training procedure of multilayer Transformer
architectures. This is achieved by integrating out the self-attention layer in
Transformers, producing a modified dynamics of MLP layers only. JoMA removes
unrealistic assumption... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.00535v3 |
We consider the Brans-Dicke theory in non-metricity gravity, which belongs to
the family of symmetric teleparallel scalar-tensor theories. Our focus lies in
exploring the implications of the conformal transformation, as we derive the
conformal equivalent theory in the Einstein frame, distinct from the minimally
coupled... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.16357v1 |
Videos that are shot using commodity hardware such as phones and surveillance
cameras record various metadata such as time and location. We encounter such
geospatial videos on a daily basis and such videos have been growing in volume
significantly. Yet, we do not have data management systems that allow users to
interac... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03276v5 |
In online binary classification under \emph{apple tasting} feedback, the
learner only observes the true label if it predicts ``1". First studied by
\cite{helmbold2000apple}, we revisit this classical partial-feedback setting
and study online learnability from a combinatorial perspective. We show that
the Littlestone di... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.19064v3 |
The atomic motion controls important features of materials, such as thermal
transport, phase transitions, and vibrational spectra. However, the simulation
of ionic dynamics is exceptionally challenging when quantum fluctuations are
relevant (e.g., at low temperatures or with light atoms) and the energy
landscape is anh... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.08628v3 |
The most deadly and life-threatening disease in the world is lung cancer.
Though early diagnosis and accurate treatment are necessary for lowering the
lung cancer mortality rate. A computerized tomography (CT) scan-based image is
one of the most effective imaging techniques for lung cancer detection using
deep learning... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.04814v1 |
An analysis is given of the local phase space of gravity coupled to matter to
second order in perturbation theory. Working in local regions with boundaries
at finite distance, we identify matter, Coulomb, and additional boundary modes.
The boundary modes take the role of reference frames for both diffeomorphisms
and in... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.11629v2 |
We demonstrate how to parse Geach's Donkey sentences in a compositional
distributional model of meaning. We build on previous work on the DisCoCat
(Distributional Compositional Categorical) framework, including extensions that
model discourse, determiners, and relative pronouns. We present a type-logical
syntax for par... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04519v1 |
In continuation of our previous works J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 35, 9355-9365
(2002), J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38, 7851 (2005) and Eur. Phys. J. D 72, 172
(2018), we investigate a class of generalized coherent states for associated
Jacobi polynomials and hypergeometric functions, satisfying the resolution of
the identity wi... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.02194v1 |
Quantum simulation traditionally relies on unitary dynamics, inherently
imposing efficiency constraints on the generation of intricate entangled
states. In principle, these limitations can be superseded by non-unitary,
dynamic circuits. These circuits exploit measurements alongside conditional
feed-forward operations, ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13065v2 |
Regarding the rising number of people suffering from mental health illnesses
in today's society, the importance of mental health cannot be overstated.
Wearable sensors, which are increasingly widely available, provide a potential
way to track and comprehend mental health issues. These gadgets not only
monitor everyday ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.09277v1 |
Heavy fermion materials are compounds in which localized $f$-orbitals
hybridize with delocalized $d$ ones, leading to quasiparticles with large
renormalized masses. The presence of strongly correlated $f$-electrons at the
Fermi level may also lead to long-range order, such as magnetism, or
unconventional superconductiv... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.11500v1 |
Spiking neural network (SNN), next generation of artificial neural network
(ANN) that more closely mimic natural neural networks offers promising
improvements in computational efficiency. However, current SNN training
methodologies predominantly employ a fixed timestep approach, overlooking the
potential of dynamic inf... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.09522v3 |
We have measured the mass of metals in the molecular gas in 13 submillimetre
galaxies at z~4 in which the gas, based on previous observations, lies in a
cold rotating disk. We measured the metal masses using either the submillimetre
line or continuum emission from three tracers of the overall metal content -
carbon ato... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.07376v2 |
Harnessing the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and m-health towards
detecting new bio-markers indicative of the onset and progress of respiratory
abnormalities/conditions has greatly attracted the scientific and research
interest especially during COVID-19 pandemic. The smarty4covid dataset contains
audio signals... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.05096v1 |
We present a study of the connection between the escape fraction of
Lyman-alpha (Ly$\alpha$) and Lyman-continuum (LyC) photons within a sample of
N=152 star-forming galaxies selected from the VANDELS survey at
$3.85<z_{spec}<4.95$. By combining measurements of H$\alpha$ equivalent width
$(W_\lambda(\rm{H\alpha}))$ deri... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.03916v2 |
Axially symmetric solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations in a bounded
cylinder are considered. On the boundary the normal component of the velocity
and he angular components of the velocity and vorticity are assumed to vanish.
If the norm of the initial swirl is sufficiently small, then the regularity of
axially symm... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.00730v1 |
The harnessing of machine learning, especially deep generative models, has
opened up promising avenues in the field of synthetic DNA sequence generation.
Whilst Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have gained traction for this
application, they often face issues such as limited sample diversity and mode
collapse. On... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.06150v2 |
Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a significant role in the Brain Computer
Interface (BCI) domain, due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, and ease of
use, making it a highly desirable option for widespread adoption by the general
public. This technology is commonly used in conjunction with deep learning
techniques,... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.06068v1 |
When gravitational waves (GWs) pass by a massive object on its way to Earth,
a strong gravitational lensing effect will happen. Thus, the GW signal will be
amplified, deflected, and delayed in time. Through analyzing the lensed GW
waveform, physical properties of the lens can be inferred. On the other hand,
neglecting ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.04800v2 |
Language models, such as GPT-3.5 and ChatGPT, demonstrate remarkable
abilities to follow diverse human instructions and perform a wide range of
tasks. However, when probing language models using a range of basic
table-understanding tasks, we observe that today's language models are still
sub-optimal in many table-relat... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.09263v1 |
A way to improve the accuracy of the spectral properties in density
functional theory (DFT) is to impose constraints on the effective, Kohn-Sham
(KS), local potential [J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 136}, 224109 (2012)]. As
illustrated, a convenient variational quantity in that approach is the
``screening'' or ``electron repulsio... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.10875v2 |
Federated learning (FL) provides an effective machine learning (ML)
architecture to protect data privacy in a distributed manner. However, the
inevitable network asynchrony, the over-dependence on a central coordinator,
and the lack of an open and fair incentive mechanism collectively hinder its
further development. We... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.04006v1 |
We show the first results of a new cavity based haloscope searching for dark
photons with masses around $34~\mu\text{eV}$. Dark photons are hypothetical
vector particles and a compelling dark matter candidate. Having the same
quantum numbers as photons a kinematic mixing between both is expected, leading
to conversions... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.08337v1 |
Knapsack is one of the most fundamental problems in theoretical computer
science. In the $(1 - \epsilon)$-approximation setting, although there is a
fine-grained lower bound of $(n + 1 / \epsilon) ^ {2 - o(1)}$ based on the
$(\min, +)$-convolution hypothesis ([K{\"u}nnemann, Paturi and Stefan
Schneider, ICALP 2017] and... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.07004v3 |
Foundation models (e.g. ChatGPT, StableDiffusion) pervasively influence
society, warranting immediate social attention. While the models themselves
garner much attention, to accurately characterize their impact, we must
consider the broader sociotechnical ecosystem. We propose Ecosystem Graphs as a
documentation framew... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.15772v1 |
There are bipartite quantum nonlocal correlations requiring very low
detection efficiency to reach the loophole-free regime but that need too many
measurement settings to be practical for actual experiments. This leads to the
general problem of what can be concluded about loophole-free Bell nonlocality
if only a random... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.00442v2 |
New technologies have led to vast troves of large and complex datasets across
many scientific domains and industries. People routinely use machine learning
techniques to not only process, visualize, and make predictions from this big
data, but also to make data-driven discoveries. These discoveries are often
made using... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01475v1 |
Axion-like particles (ALPs) are new particles that extend beyond the standard
model (SM) and are highly motivated. When considering ALPs within an effective
field theory framework, their couplings with SM particles can be studied
independently. It is a daunting task to search for GeV-scale ALPs coupled to
muons in coll... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.03110v3 |
Accessibility of research data is critical for advances in many research
fields, but textual data often cannot be shared due to the personal and
sensitive information which it contains, e.g names or political opinions.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) suggests pseudonymization as a
solution to secure open acce... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.16109v1 |
We have studied the film thickness dependence of the current-induced
magneto-optical Kerr effect in Pt and V thin films. The Kerr signal for Pt
shows little dependence on the thickness in the range studied (20-80 nm). In
contrast, the signal for V increases with increasing thickness and saturates at
a thickness near 10... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.09585v2 |
Reinforcement Learning algorithms that learn from human feedback (RLHF) need
to be efficient in terms of statistical complexity, computational complexity,
and query complexity. In this work, we consider the RLHF setting where the
feedback is given in the format of preferences over pairs of trajectories. In
the linear M... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.14554v2 |
Survey researchers are increasingly turning to multimode data collection to
deal with declines in survey response rates and increasing costs. An efficient
approach offers the less costly modes (e.g., web) followed with a more
expensive mode for a subsample of the units (e.g., households) within each
primary sampling un... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13303v1 |
For service robots to become general-purpose in everyday household
environments, they need not only a large library of primitive skills, but also
the ability to quickly learn novel tasks specified by users. Fine-tuning neural
networks on a variety of downstream tasks has been successful in many vision
and language doma... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.05318v1 |
Nighttime semantic segmentation plays a crucial role in practical
applications, such as autonomous driving, where it frequently encounters
difficulties caused by inadequate illumination conditions and the absence of
well-annotated datasets. Moreover, semantic segmentation models trained on
daytime datasets often face d... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.04747v2 |
Efficient traffic signal control (TSC) has been one of the most useful ways
for reducing urban road congestion. Key to the challenge of TSC includes 1) the
essential of real-time signal decision, 2) the complexity in traffic dynamics,
and 3) the network-level coordination. Recent efforts that applied
reinforcement lear... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08843v1 |
The Joint Automated Repository for Various Integrated Simulations (JARVIS)
infrastructure at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is
a large-scale collection of curated datasets and tools with more than 80000
materials and millions of properties. JARVIS uses a combination of electronic
structure, a... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.11842v2 |
Automatic modulation classification (AMC) plays a critical role in wireless
communications by autonomously classifying signals transmitted over the radio
spectrum. Deep learning (DL) techniques are increasingly being used for AMC due
to their ability to extract complex wireless signal features. However, DL
models are c... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.11100v2 |
Multi-principal element alloys open large composition spaces for alloy
development. The large compositional space necessitates rapid synthesis and
characterization to identify promising materials, as well as predictive
strategies for alloy design. Additive manufacturing via directed energy
deposition is demonstrated as... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.04021v1 |
Vision-language models like CLIP are widely used in zero-shot image
classification due to their ability to understand various visual concepts and
natural language descriptions. However, how to fully leverage CLIP's
unprecedented human-like understanding capabilities to achieve better
performance is still an open questi... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01313v3 |
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