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same => n,Set(step1count=0) ; Successful response; reset counters |
same => n,Set(step2count=0) |
same => n(step2),Set(step2count=$[${step2count} + 1]) |
same => n,GotoIf($[${step2count} > 2]?beginning) ; No response after 3 tries |
; If the file doesn't exist, then don't ask whether to play it |
same => n,GotoIf($[${STAT(f,/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/${which}.wav)} = 0]?recordonly) |
same => n,Background(prompt-tolisten) |
same => n(recordonly),Background(prompt-torecord) |
same => n,WaitExten(10) ; Wait 10 seconds for a response |
same => n,Goto(step2) |
same => n(end),Playback(goodbye) |
same => n,Hangup() |
exten => 1,1,Set(step2count=0) |
same => n,Background(/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/${which}) |
same => n,Goto(s,step2) |
exten => 2,1,Set(step2count=0) |
same => n,Playback(prompt-waitforbeep) |
same => n,Record(${CHANNEL(uniqueid)}.wav) |
same => n(listen),Playback(${CHANNEL(uniqueid)}) |
same => n,Set(step3count=0) |
same => n,Read(saveornot,prompt-1tolisten-2tosave-3todiscard,1,,2,3) |
same => n,GotoIf($["${saveornot}" = "1"]?listen) |
same => n,GotoIf($["${saveornot}" = "2"]?saveit) |
same => n,GotoIf($["${saveornot}" = "3"]?tossit) |
same => n,Goto(listen) |
same => n(tossit),System(rm -f /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/${CHANNEL(uniqueid)}.wav) |
same => n,Goto(s,beginning) |
same => n(saveit),Noop('Set' app used to shorten example) |
same => n,Set(PromptToSave=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/${CHANNEL(uniqueid)}.wav |
same => n,Set(WhereToSave=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/${which}.wav |
same => n,System(mv -f ${PromptToSave} ${WhereToSave}) |
A Prompt-Recording IVR Function |
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295 |
same => n,Playback(prompt-saved) |
same => n,Goto(s,beginning) |
In this system, the name of the prompt is no longer descriptive; instead, it is a num‐ |
ber. This means that you can record a far greater variety of prompts using the same |
mechanism, but the trade-off is that your prompts will no longer have descriptive |
names. |
If you want to test this, you’ll need to record the prompts this IVR function uses (it’s |
kinda meta, but yup, our prompt creator needs prompts). |
Drop this into your dialplan: |
exten => 510,1,GoSub(subRecordPrompt,${EXTEN},1(prompt-tolisten)) ; press 1 |
exten => 511,1,GoSub(subRecordPrompt,${EXTEN},1(prompt-torecord)) ; press 2 |
exten => 512,1,GoSub(subRecordPrompt,${EXTEN},1(prompt-instructions)) ;3-digit (000 to 999) |
exten => 513,1,GoSub(subRecordPrompt,${EXTEN},1(prompt-waitforbeep)) ; wait for beep |
exten => 514,1,GoSub(subRecordPrompt,${EXTEN},1(prompt-1tolisten-2tosave-3todiscard)) |
exten => 515,1,GoSub(subRecordPrompt,${EXTEN},1(prompt-saved)) |
Then phone them one by one and record as required. |
Once you’ve recorded the prompts your prompt recorder needs, you should be able |
to test it out. |
exten => *742,1,Noop(Prompts) |
same => n,Goto(prompts,s,1) |
same => n,Hangup() |
From this point forward, you can record prompts using just a numeric identifier. |
You’ll need a way to keep track of what prompt says what, but from a recording per‐ |
spective you shouldn’t need to write more dialplan every time you need a prompt. |
Speech Recognition and Text-to-Speech |
Although traditionally and still in most cases today, an IVR system presents prerecor‐ |
ded prompts to the caller and accepts input by way of the dialpad, it is also possible |
to: a) generate prompts artificially, popularly known as text-to-speech; and b) accept |
verbal inputs through a speech recognition engine. |
While the concept of being able to have an intelligent conversation with a machine is |
something sci-fi authors have been promising us for many long years, the actual sci‐ |
ence of this remains complex and error-prone. Despite their amazing capabilities, |
computers are ill-suited to the task of appreciating the subtle nuances of human |
speech. |
Having said that, it should be noted that companies such as Google have achieved |
amazing advances in both text-to-speech and speech recognition. There are now |
APIs available that can do a remarkable job of making sense out of what is being said |
to them. Google of course benefits from having a massive backend that can perform |
296 |
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