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#loadzone=de
#loadzone=uk
#loadzone=fi
#loadzone=jp
#loadzone=sp
#loadzone=no
#loadzone=hu
#loadzone=lt
#loadzone=pl
defaultzone=us
#
The /etc/dahdi/system.conf file uses the hash symbol (#) to indicate
a comment instead of a semicolon (;) like the files in /etc/asterisk.
PSTN Connectivity, DAHDI, Digium Cards, and Analog Phones
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Although it is possible to load a number of different tone sets (you can see all the sets
of tones in detail in zonedata.c) and to switch between them, in most practical situa‐
tions you will only need:
loadzone=uk # to load the tone set
defaultzone=uk # to default DAHDI to using that set
…or whichever tones you need for your region.
If you perform a dahdi_genconf to automatically (or should that be auto-magically?)
configure your DAHDI adapters, you will notice that the newly generated /etc/dahdi/
system.conf will have defaulted both loadzone and defaultzone to being us. Despite
the warnings not to hand-edit the file, it is fine to change these settings to what you
need.
In case you were wondering how we tell whether there are any voicemails in the mail‐
box associated with the channel an analog phone is plugged into, it is done with a
stuttered dialtone. The format of this stuttered dialtone is decided by the loadzone/
defaultzone combination you have used.
As a quick aside, analog phones that have a message-waiting indicator (e.g., an LED
or lamp that flashes to indicate new voicemail) achieve this by automatically going
off-hook periodically and listening for the stuttered dialtone. You can witness this by
watching the Asterisk command line to see the DAHDI channel go active (if you have
nothing better to do!).
That’s it at the DAHDI level. We chose the protocol(s) for PRI or BRI connections,
the type of signaling for the analog channels (all covered in Chapter 7), and the tones
for the analog connections that have just been discussed.
The relationship between Linux, DAHDI, and Asterisk (and therefore /etc/dahdi/
system.conf and /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf) is shown in Figure 9-5.
Once you have completed your configuration at the DAHDI level
(in /etc/dahdi/system.conf), you need to perform a dahdi_cfg -vvv to
have DAHDI reread the configuration. This is also a good time to
use dahdi_tool to check that everything appears to be in order at
the Linux level.
This way, if things do not work properly after you have configured
Asterisk to work with the DAHDI adapters, you can be sure that
the problem is confined to chan_dahdi.conf (or an #included dahdi-
channels.conf if you are using this part of the dahdi_genconf
output).
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Chapter 9: Internationalization
Figure 9-5. The relationship between Linux, DAHDI, and Asterisk
Internationalization Within Asterisk
With everything set at the Linux level, we now only need to configure Asterisk to
make use of the channels we just enabled at the Linux level and to customize the way
that Asterisk interprets and generates information that comes in from, or goes out
over, these channels. This work is done in /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf.
In this file we will not only tell Asterisk what sort of channels we have (these settings
will fit with what we already did in DAHDI), but also configure a number of things
that will ensure Asterisk is well suited to its new home.
Caller ID
A key component of this change is caller ID. While caller ID delivery methods are
pretty much standard within the BRI and PRI world, they vary widely in the analog
world; thus, if you plugged an American analog phone into the UK telephone net‐
work, it would actually work as a phone, but caller ID information would not be dis‐
played. This is because that information is transmitted in different ways in different
places around the world, and an American phone would be looking for caller ID sig‐
naling in the US format, while the UK telephone network would be supplying it in
the UK format (if it is enabled—caller ID is not standard in the UK; you have to ask
for and sometimes even pay for, it!).
Not only is the format different, but the method of telling a telephone (or Asterisk) to
look out for the caller ID may vary from place to place, too. This is important, as we
Internationalization Within Asterisk