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9,347,538 | 1. A powertrain for a motor vehicle comprising: a transmission input member; a transmission output member; an intermediate member; a continuously variable unit having a first pulley pair connected for common rotation with the transmission input member, a second pulley pair connected for common rotation with the intermediate member, and an endless member wrapped around the first pulley pair and the second pulley pair; a first planetary gear set connected to the intermediate member; a second planetary gear set connected to the first planetary gear member and to the transmission output member; a plurality of torque transmitting mechanisms interconnected to the planetary gear arrangement; a chain drive connected for common rotation with the transmission output member; a transfer member connected for common rotation with the chain drive; and a final drive planetary gear set connected for common rotation with the transfer member, wherein selective engagement of the plurality of torque transmitting mechanisms and selective movement of the first pulley and second pulley provides two forward ranges of continuous gear ratios between the transmission input member and the transmission output member. | 40,946 |
9,213,740 | 1. In a database system having an optimizer for selecting a query plan for executing a database query, a method for automatically tuning query performance to prevent query performance regression that may occur during upgrade of the database system from a prior version to a new version, the method comprising: in response to receiving a given database query for execution, specifying a query plan generated by the prior version's optimizer as a baseline best plan for executing the given database query; generating at least one new query plan using the new version's optimizer; learning performance for each new query plan generated by recording corresponding query execution metrics; if a given new query plan is observed to have better performance than the best plan previously specified, specifying that given new query plan to be the best plan for executing the given database query; if a given new query plan is observed to have worse performance than the best plan previously specified, specifying that given new query plan to be a bad plan to be avoided in the future; and automatically tuning future execution of the given database query by using the query plan that the system learned was the best plan. | 1,263 |
9,300,836 | 1. An image forming apparatus, comprising: a transfer unit including a rotating image carrier onto which a toner image formed by developing an exposure-formed electrostatic latent image is transferred, the rotating image carrier by design having a single-circuit cycling time; a reflectance sensor configured to measure reflectance of a background portion of the image carrier; a time-series data acquiring unit configured to acquire, at predetermined time intervals, and independent of rotational position of the image carrier, time-series data with respect to the image carrier background-portion reflectance, measured by the reflectance sensor, as reference data over a time period twice longer than the by-design single-circuit cycling time of the image carrier, and as advance/delay data over a time period twice longer than a time period longer or shorter in multiples of a predetermined time interval than the by-design single-circuit cycling time; and a transfer-unit rotation-time calculating unit configured to calculate an actual single-circuit cycling time that is the time actually required for the image carrier to rotate through one cycle, based on the reference data and the advance/delay data acquired by the time-series data acquiring unit. | 7,717 |
8,574,912 | 1. A method for collecting particles of interest from each of a plurality of sample vials, comprising the steps of: (a) loading a plurality of sample vials containing particles of interest suspended in respective fluid samples into respective locations within a loading station; (b) removing an individual first sample vial from its respective location in the loading station; (c) transferring the individual first sample vial to a specimen collection apparatus; (d) collecting particles of interest from the individual first sample vial; (e) returning the individual first sample vial to its respective location in the loading station; and (f) repeating steps (b) through (e) for each remaining sample vial of the plurality to collect respective particles of interest until all of the sample vials have been processed. | 19,877 |
9,581,130 | 1. An apparatus for generating energy from the action of waves in a body of water, the apparatus comprising: a single flexible planar member for extending across the surface of the body of water, the flexible member having an upper surface and a lower surface, which lower surface, in use, is in contact with the surface of the water, and an edge portion, said flexible member having a first portion of the upper surface and a second portion of the upper surface, said second portion being spaced apart from the first portion; an energy generating system comprising a pump, compressor or generator coupled by a first coupling to said first portion of said upper surface of said flexible member and by a second coupling to said second portion of said upper surface of said flexible member, the energy generating system operable to generate energy from movement of the first portion of said flexible member relative to the second portion of said flexible member; and a skirt extending from the edge portion of the flexible member into the water, when in use. | 328 |
8,589,650 | 1. A method of operating a digital system comprising a processor coupled to a paged memory system, the method comprising: executing by the processor at least one application program located in the paged memory system by copying program instructions from a non-volatile memory coupled to the processor into pages of the paged memory system under control of an operating system, wherein the paged memory system comprises at least two memory regions; identifying pages in the paged memory system that are not being used by the processor; and compacting the paged memory system by copying pages that are being used by the processor from a second region of the paged memory into a first region of the paged memory, wherein when the first region is not large enough to hold all of the pages from the second region that are being used by the processor, swapping out the remaining pages from the second region to the non-volatile memory; whereby the second region can be placed in a low power mode, and wherein a physical memory portion size of the digital system is adjusted as determined by an occurrence of at least one of: wherein said adjustment occurs without a reboot of said operating system as determined by the second region being placed in the low power mode. | 39,588 |
9,709,221 | 1. An LED light bulb device comprising: a bulb body including a wall defining a hollow interior region; a first flex circuit leg including a substrate and circuitry traces; a first LED mounted to the first flex circuit leg; wherein the first flex circuit leg is assembled directly to a surface of the wall; power conversion circuitry electrically connected to the first LED by the first flex circuit leg, the power conversion circuitry adapted to modify applied power for powering the first LED; and a cap mounted to the bulb body and configured for selective connection to an electrical socket wherein the first LED is arranged relative to the wall such that light from the first LED is directed inwardly into the interior region and then outwardly from the interior region. | 25,017 |
8,814,890 | 1. A medical equipment comprising: a hollow shaft body made of coil line elements helically wound; a cylindrical tip portion provided on a distal end of said hollow shaft body; a manipulative grip connected to a proximal side portion of said hollow shaft body; and a visualization structure disposed on a proximal side of the medical equipment and including a proximal rear portion of said hollow shaft body having a diameter-reduced portion at a rear side the coil line elements of which are half-rounded, said diameter-reduced portion at the rear side being smaller in an outer diameter, wherein said visualization structure is configured to be disposed outside of a patient's body and configured to permit a manipulator to visually recognize a torsional buckling of said diameter-reduced portion at the rear side. | 23,007 |
9,057,405 | 1. A cage segment for a rolling-element bearing, wherein the cage segment has at least one pocket for a rolling element and comprises a first segment part and a second segment part, wherein the second segment part abuts the first segment part in an axial direction and is connected to the first segment part in an interference-fit, friction-fit, or materially-bonded manner, the cage segment including an attachment device on both sides of the at least one pocket along a tangential direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the attachment device being formed such that the first segment part is connectable with the second segment part by using the attachment device, wherein the attachment device comprises a bore, which extends in the axial direction through the cage segment. | 43,544 |
9,122,479 | 1. A network processor comprising: a transceiver circuit for transmitting and receiving a network signal, for comparing a voltage level of the network signal with a threshold value, and for outputting a comparison result, wherein said transceiver circuit continuously operates under a first clock signal; a network data processing unit coupled to said transceiver circuit and operable to process the network signal received by said transceiver circuit, wherein said network data processing unit operates under a second clock signal, the second clock signal having a frequency different from that of the first clock signal; and a clock signal control unit coupled to said transceiver circuit and said network data processing unit, and controlling the second clock signal according to the comparison result; wherein said clock signal control unit disables supply of the second clock signal to said network data processing unit when the voltage level is smaller than the threshold value, and enables supply of the second clock signal to said network data processing unit when the voltage level is not smaller than the threshold value. | 25,304 |
9,645,838 | 1. A method for creating a canonical representation of a JavaScript Application Programming Interface (API), the method comprising: instantiating a first one or more objects, associated with the JavaScript API, for use as one or more entry points to the JavaScript API; generating a list of the first one or more objects based on recursively parsing a Document Object Model (DOM) associated with the JavaScript API; instrumenting and statically analyzing the first one or more objects for creating an infrastructure associated with the JavaScript API, wherein instrumenting further comprises: attaching a respective callback function to each of the one or more class members for invocation each time each of the one or more class members are assigned a value, for determining a data type of each value; replacing each of the one or more class functions with a respective first function that invokes a respective first callback function for analyzing input parameter types associated with a replaced function, invokes the replaced function and invokes a second callback function for determining a return type associated with the replaced function; and replacing each of the one or more constructors with a respective second function that invokes a respective third callback function for determining input parameter types associated with a replaced constructor and invokes the replaced constructor; creating an updated infrastructure, based on simultaneous execution and analysis of the first one or more objects and a second one or more objects created based on the execution of the first one or more objects; and outputting a canonical representation of the JavaScript API based on the updated infrastructure. | 32,011 |
8,901,174 | 1. A method of treating a mammal having angina comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a bipolar trans carotenoid salt having the structure: where Y=a cation which can be the same or different, Z=a polar group which can be the same or different and which is associated with the cation, and TCRO=a linear trans carotenoid skeleton with conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds and single bonds and having pendant groups X, wherein the pendant groups X, which can be the same or different, are (1) a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 10 or less carbon atoms, or (2) a halogen. | 16,305 |
8,622,736 | 1. A recuperator burner ( 1 ) for heating a chamber volume ( 2 ) in which combustion gas is circulated, said recuperator burner comprising: a central fuel supply pipe ( a recuperator ( the recuperator ( each heat exchanger pipe ( | 40,793 |
9,816,096 | 1. A nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a ribosomal fusion protein comprising mouse ribosomal protein L10a having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30 fused to an optically detectable protein, wherein the nucleotide sequence is operably linked to a mouse endogenous regulatory sequence that causes expression of the fusion protein in a chosen cell type, and wherein the ribosomal fusion protein is incorporated in an intact ribosome that translates and/or binds mRNA. | 30,430 |
9,767,053 | 1. A memory controller which is connected with a storage medium via a plurality of channels, comprising: a signal processing block including a plurality of signal processing engines; a decoding scheduler configured to control a data path based on an operating condition of the memory controller, such that at least one activated signal processing engine of the plurality of signal processing engines is connected with the plurality of channels, respectively; a plurality of first in first out buffers (FIFO)s configured to temporarily store data to be transferred to the plurality of channels; and a first bus matrix configured to sequentially transfer first packet data, which includes data output from the plurality of FIFOs respectively, to the at least one activated signal processing engine based on control information included in the first packet data. | 7,900 |
8,513,890 | 1. A solid-state light emitting device having controllable multiphase reactive power, which utilizes a three-phase or multiphase AC power source, and each phase power respectively drives individual solid-state light emitting members arranged adjacently or arranged with an overlapping means, so that the synthetic illumination brightness is overlapped through the illumination brightness waveforms generated by the AC power voltage of each phase, thereby the synthetic pulse rate of illumination brightness can be lowered, and the sine waveform voltages at different phases between each power source enable the individual solid-state light emitting members respectively driven by each phase power and arranged adjacently or arranged with an overlapping means generate the optical energy having different brightness with respect to the instant value of the voltage waveform; when the individual solid-state light emitting members having different brightness and arranged adjacently or arranged with an overlapping means emit light, the power passing through the individual solid-state light emitting member having a relatively low brightness is defined as reactive power; the solid-state light emitting device having controllable multiphase reactive power, provided by the present invention, utilizes a solid-state switch device for controlling AC conductivity phase angle ( 1000 ) for controlling the reactive power to be cut so as to save power, and to further regulate the current and voltage supplied to the individual solid-state light emitting member; wherein Each phase power of the three-phase AC power source is regulated by the solid-state switch device for controlling AC conductivity phase angle ( AC solid-state light emitting member ( The AC-power driven solid-state light emitting member ( The AC-power driven solid-state light emitting member ( The AC-power driven solid-state light emitting member ( AC current limiting circuit device (Z 1) Regulating the driving current of the AC solid-state light emitting member (LED) by increasing/decreasing the reactive power conductivity angle controlled by the solid-state switch device for controlling AC conductivity phase angle ( 2) One or more than one of resistant type impedance member, induction type impedance member or capacitor type impedance member being connected in series, in parallel or in series and parallel; 3) The control circuit structured by a solid-state semiconductor circuit which performs analog or chopper type constant current or limiting current to the solid-state light emitting member; 4) AC stabilizing transformer; 5) AC constant current output transformer; Solid-state switch device for controlling AC conductivity phase angle ( 1) A thyristor power component capable of controlling conductivity phase angle, for example TRIAC (Tri-Electrode AC Switch), SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) or GTO (Gate Turn-off Thyristor) serving as an active component, and through the operations of the voltage comparison circuit between each phase voltage from the each phase voltage detection circuit, the control timing of both or at least one of the turn-on phase angle and the turn-off phase angle of the thyristor component is enabled to be controlled; 2) A solid-state switch device composed of a filed effect power component, for example MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) or IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) serving as the active component, and through the operations of the voltage comparison circuit between each phase voltage from the voltage detection circuit of multiphase power source, the driving circuit of the field effect component is controlled, so as to control the control timing of both or at least one of the turn-on phase angle and the turn-off phase angle of the field effect component; 3) With properties of the zener voltage of the zener diode, or with the voltage forward drop feature of the diode, the zener diode or the diode is connected in series between the gate of the thyristor and the voltage source, so as to set the control timing of both or at least one of the turn-on phase angle and the turn-off phase angle of the thyristor component during the power source performing the voltage variation in a sine waveform; 4) Through the voltage of the used AC power source, to set the operations of the turn-on phase angle and the turn-off phase angle of the solid-state light emitting member according to the voltage forward (VF) feature of the AC solid-state light emitting member itself (LED), during the power source performing the voltage variation in a sine waveform; Electric power control unit (ECU): according to the internal setting of the electric control unit (ECU) or receiving external controls, and referring to the voltage of power source and the current passing through the AC current limiting circuit device (Z | 7,413 |
9,800,557 | 1. A method for operating a data processing system, said data processing system comprising a plurality of application servers, each application server being individually connected to a shared database by means of a respective database client, said plurality of application servers including a plurality of first application servers, said plurality of first application servers and respective database clients being privileged for processing of restricted-access data under a privacy regime, said method comprising: receiving a request for data storage by one of said plurality of first application servers, said request comprising restricted-access data under the privacy regime, wherein the privacy regime limits processing of said restricted-access data to a geographical area and; based on a determination that the one of the plurality of first application servers is within the geographical area, processing the request in said one of the plurality of first application servers thereby extracting said restricted-access data from the request; encrypting said restricted-access data with a cryptographic key associated with said privacy regime to create a cipher representation, wherein each of the respective database clients manage only one cryptographic key; defining a masking rule relative to the field designated for storage of the cipher representation in the shared database, the masking rule defining a set of privacy regimes applicable to processing of the restricted-access data included in said field; forwarding the request, including the cipher representation and the masking rule, to the shared database by the database client associated to said one of said plurality of first application servers; and maintaining information about the cryptographic key in said database client for allowing plaintext reconstruction of restricted-access data from the cipher representation when retrieved from the shared database. | 27,758 |
8,486,952 | 1. A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A is a five- or six-membered heteroaromatic ring containing from one to three heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; wherein said heteroaromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from halo, haloC B is selected from phenyl and pyridinyl, wherein the phenyl and pyridinyl are optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from C D is selected from “ “ R R (C 3-7 cycloalkyl)C 1-4 alkyl, hydroxyC 1-4 alkyl, and trideuteromethyl, wherein the alkyl part of the (C 3-7 cycloalkyl)C 1-4 alkyl can be optionally substituted with a C 1-4 alkoxy group; or, R x and R y , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a four- to seven-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring optionally containing one double bond and optionally containing one additional heteroatom selected from O, NR z , and S; wherein R z is selected from hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, and C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl; and wherein the ring is optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkyl, halo, haloC 1-4 alkyl, hydroxy, —NR f R g , oxo, spirocyclic dioxolanyl; wherein R f and R g are independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, and C 1-6 alkyl; R R C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl, C 3-7 cycloalkylsulfonyl, C 3-7 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1-6 dialkylaminoC 1-4 alkylcarbonyl, and haloC 1-4 alkyl, wherein the alkyl part of the alkoxycarbonyl, the alkylcarbonyl, and the alkylsulfonyl are optionally substituted with one substituent selected from C 1-4 dialkylamino, and C 1-4 alkoxy; and E is selected from C | 20,662 |
8,887,979 | 1. A surgical tool for applying staples, comprising: first and second jaws, the first jaw having a plurality of staples arranged in linear rows having a length of about 60 mm, and the second jaw having an anvil, the first and second jaws being pivotably connected and having an open position and a closed position; an actuation sled; and a drive member supporting a cam member and a balancing flange at a distal end, the drive member including an elongated drive beam, the drive member being positioned to engage the actuation sled and movable through the first and second jaws to move the actuation sled through the first jaw to eject the staples from the first jaw. | 23,996 |
9,850,030 | 1. A collapsible box with side wall article supports comprising: an arrangement of four panels arranged in a parallelogram configuration, each panel having a plurality of parallel, generally rectangular bar members having opposite ends with holes therein, supported at each end by upright posts extending through holes of stacked bar members, the rectangular bar members having a characteristic bar thickness, and a plurality of grommets fitting tightly between adjacent parallel bar members, each grommet having a boss with a pin retainer therein, the grommet having a grommet thickness corresponding at least to the bar thickness that provides linear support for a pin retained in the boss, wherein each grommet has two parallel opposed sides, with each side having edgewise parallel rails that engage the bar members at opposed ends of the characteristic bar thickness. | 15,460 |
8,709,803 | 1. A cell transport system characterized in that it comprises a cell support, cells and a homogeneous mixture of agarose and agarase, which assures cell integrity and viability during the transport process. | 43,971 |
9,401,369 | 1. A memory device, comprising: a plurality of silicon-containing conductive layers, parallel to each other and vertically stacked at a substrate; a plurality of string select lines (SSLs), disposed on the silicon-containing conductive layers and extending along a first direction; a plurality of strings, perpendicular to the silicon-containing conductive layers and the SSLs, and electrically connected to the SSLs; a plurality of bit line, disposed on the SSLs, extending along a second direction and electrically connected to the strings; plural sets of multi-plugs structure, arranged along the first direction, so as to make the strings disposed between two adjacent sets of multi-plugs structure, wherein each set of multi-plugs structure has a plurality of plugs, and each of the plugs is corresponding to and electrically connected with one of the silicon-containing conductive layers; and a plurality of metal strapped word lines, extending along the first direction, wherein each of the metal strapped word lines is electrically connected the plugs that are electrically connected to the identical silicon-containing conductive layer. | 48,453 |
8,437,313 | 1. A method for use in a mobile communication device for communicating in a wireless local area network (WLAN), the method comprising: associating with and communicating via a first wireless access point of the WLAN; ceasing communication with the first wireless access point and roaming onto a second wireless access point; sampling a communication signal quality value of RF signals between the mobile communication device and the first wireless access point, the communication signal quality value being sampled when the mobile communication device ceased communication with the first wireless access point and roamed onto the second wireless access point; deriving a scan trigger threshold value for the first wireless access point based on the communication signal quality value; storing in memory the scan trigger threshold value in association with a base service set identifier (BSSID) of the first wireless access point; again associating with and communicating via the first wireless access point of the WLAN; identifying a new communication signal quality value of RF signals between the mobile communication device and the first wireless access point; comparing the new communication signal quality value and the stored scan trigger threshold value which is identified from the memory based on the BSSID received from the first wireless access point; when the new communication signal quality value is less than the scan trigger threshold value, regularly performing a scanning operation to identify wireless access points; when the communication signal quality value is greater than the scan trigger threshold value, refraining from regularly performing the scanning operation; and updating the stored scan trigger threshold value associated with the BSSID of the first wireless access point based on an updated communication signal quality value, the updated communication signal quality value being sampled when the mobile communication device again ceased communication with the first wireless access point and roamed onto the second wireless access point. | 4,076 |
9,802,498 | 1. A subframe of a front or rear region of a motor vehicle, comprising: two longitudinal members which are spaced apart from each other in a transverse direction of the motor vehicle and are connected with each other via at least one cross member; a stiffening structure for increasing a torsion stiffness of the subframe; and a charging module for contactless energy transfer said charging module being integrated in the stiffening structure, and connected with the stiffening structure exclusively via decoupling bearings. | 33,237 |
8,951,667 | 1. Electrode active material comprising: an amorphous transition metal complex, as a main constituent of the electrode active material, represented by A the electrode active material further comprises a conductivity modifier including carbon, and the electrode active material has a peak near 220 cm | 47,247 |
9,534,111 | 1. A rubber composition, comprising: (A) at least one rubber component selected from the group consisting of a synthetic rubber and a natural rubber; (B) a polymer of farnesene; and (C) carbon black having an average particle size of from 5 to 100 nm, wherein a content of the polymer (B) in the rubber composition is from 1 to 30 parts by mass on the basis of 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A), and wherein a content of the carbon black (C) in the rubber composition is from 20 to 100 parts by mass on the basis of 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A). | 6,604 |
9,406,902 | 1. A flexible display panel comprising: a first flexible substrate having a plurality of non-folding areas and at least one folding area located between the non-folding areas, the non-folding areas being separated; a second flexible substrate configured above the first flexible substrate; a display medium configured between the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate; and a sealant configured on the first flexible substrate to surround the display medium, wherein elasticity of the sealant in the at least one folding area is greater than elasticity of the sealant in the non-folding areas, wherein the sealant comprises: | 24,200 |
8,687,680 | 1. A loop length and bridged tap length estimation system comprising: a controller and memory that determine a channel transfer function, using one or more signals from an initialization, for a transmission line, the initialization occurring between a first multicarrier transceiver and a second multicarrier transceiver, the one or more signals from the initialization having been transmitted or received using a multiplicity of discrete frequency carriers; a modeling device that determines a theoretical channel transfer function; and a loop length and bridged tap determination device that determines a loop length and at least one bridged tap length based on a comparison of the channel transfer function and the theoretical channel transfer function, wherein the theoretical channel transfer function has, as an input, at least one parameter related to a wire gauge of the transmission line. | 20,524 |
9,602,016 | 1. An electrical circuit for providing electrical power for use in powering electronic devices, comprising: an input terminal configured to receive an input power signal; an output terminal configured to provide an output power signal; and a forward converter coupled to the input terminal and the output terminal, the forward converter including: a transformer; and a primary side regulation circuit coupled to a primary side of the transformer, the primary side regulation circuit including: a switching device coupled to the primary side; a current sense circuit configured to sense a current level on the primary side; a controller configured to generate a modulated control signal delivered to the switching device as a function of the sensed current level to regulate the transformer to deliver the output power signal at a desired voltage level and a desired current level; and a memory device coupled to the controller, the memory device configured to store a range of current values and a plurality of value windows associated with the range of current values, each current value including compensation values associated with current losses within the electrical circuit, each of the value windows including a subset of current values within the range of current values, the controller configured to: select a value window from the plurality of value windows as a function of the sensed current level; and generate the modulated control signal as a function of the selected value window. | 29,913 |
9,400,497 | 1. A numerical control device that controls, in a machine tool including a motor for moving a tool for machining of work, driving of the motor based on a machining program, the numerical control device comprising: a position-command generating unit configured to generate a position command to the motor; and a mark-command generating unit configured to generate a mark command for machining of a mark indicating that an abnormality occurs in the machining, wherein the mark-command generating unit sequentially stores information concerning a moving route of the tool by the machining and generates, when an alarm is raised because the abnormality is detected, as the mark command, a moving command for moving the tool in a direction opposite to a direction during the machining while correcting a position of the tool in a tool axis direction with respect to a position during the machining, and the position-command generating unit generates the position command based on the mark command. | 4,177 |
8,480,228 | 1. An ophthalmic lens comprising: an anterior face and a posterior face, the faces disposed about an optical axis; and at least one diffractive profile imposed on the anterior face or the posterior face, the at least one diffractive profile comprised of an inner echelette and between 1 and 4 peripheral echelettes, wherein at least 2 echelettes are not adjacent to each other and are separated by a refractive region; and wherein the inner echelette and the peripheral echelette(s) are not separated by a refractive region. | 19,917 |
8,792,881 | 1. A coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission execution cell determination method in a wireless communication system for performing coordinated multi-point transmission in a multi-cell environment, the method comprising: determining, by a serving base station, a terminal to perform the CoMP transmission among terminals in a serving cell, the determining the terminal to perform the CoMP transmission among the terminals in the serving cell being performed by the serving cell based on signals from the terminals regarding channel quality in the serving cell; directing, by the serving base station, the terminal, determined to perform the CoMP transmission, to collect first measurement information on adjacent cells; receiving the first measurement information on adjacent cells from the terminal to prepare a candidate cell list to perform the CoMP transmission based on the first measurement information; transmitting the prepared candidate cell list to the terminal and instructing the terminal to collect second measurement information on candidate cells included in the candidate cell list to perform coordinated multi-point transmission; receiving the second measurement information from the terminal and determining adjacent cells to perform coordinated multi-point transmission in a range of predetermined number of cells based on the received second measurement information; and transmitting information on the determined adjacent cells to the terminal. | 40,891 |
9,732,362 | 1. A method for improving the product profile of an ethanol production plant comprising modifying the plant to produce one or more biofuel products other than ethanol wherein modifying the plant comprises adding a mixing device and a separation system to an external cooling loop of a fermentor, adding one or more separation units, separating a feedstock slurry prior to fermentation to form streams: (i) an aqueous solution comprising fermentable sugars, (ii) a wet cake comprising undissolved solids, and (iii) an oil stream, adding one or more extractant columns and/or extractant separation units, repurposing an ethanol beer column for distillation of an alcohol other than ethanol, and reconfiguring an evaporation train, wherein the modifications allow the plant to be reverted to ethanol production. | 39,368 |
9,840,248 | 1. A method for preventing engine clutch hazard of a hybrid vehicle, comprising the steps of: transmitting, by a safety module of a controller, a signal which instructs an engine clutch to be engaged or released to a safety module of an actuator that drives the engine clutch that connects an engine with a motor or disconnects the engine from the motor; and controlling, by the safety module of the actuator, the engine clutch to perform a normal operation based on the signal. | 45,798 |
9,537,263 | 1. An electronic device comprising: a receptacle comprising: a tongue; a first plurality of contacts formed on a top surface of the tongue, each of the first plurality of contacts having a contacting portion to electrically connect to a corresponding contact in a connector insert; a first ground pad located on a top surface of the tongue; a shield formed around the tongue; and a bracket around a portion of the tongue and arranged to support the shield, where the first ground pad is located between the contacting portions of the first plurality of contacts and the bracket. | 45,769 |
9,115,538 | 1. A screening device for screening an aperture, such as a window, said screening device comprising a tubular element with an axis of rotation and rotatable in relation to a shaft device, a screening body with one end secured to said tubular element and a free opposite end, which on rotation of said tubular element is adapted to move between a first position, in which the screening body is completely rolled up on said tubular element, and a second position, in which the screening body extends over said aperture in order to screen it, and a drive unit comprising a motor connected to said tubular element and said shaft device such as to provide said rotation of said tubular element in relation to said shaft device, and a control unit controlling operation of said motor, wherein said control unit comprises a printed circuit board with an electronic motion sensor, said printed circuit board being located in a position in relation to said axis of rotation of said tubular element and/or in relation to said shaft device wherein a weight element of said screening body is configured to provide a force which overcomes a force provided by a resilient member when said screening body hangs freely, and wherein the force provided by said resilient member is configured to overcome the force provided by said weight element when the force provided by said weight element is reduced by at least one of an obstacle and a thrust of wind, thereby providing a movement which said electronic motion sensor is configured to detect. | 30,357 |
9,574,951 | 1. An image capture device comprising: an image sensor including an image sensing region and a temperature sensor configured to measure temperature measurements of said image sensor, wherein said image sensing region and said temperature sensor are formed in a semiconductor substrate; a timing generator configured to apply an electronic shutter pulse to said image sensor by applying a high voltage pulse to said semiconductor substrate; a reading component configured to read temperature measurements from said temperature sensor; and a processor configured to instruct said timing generator to apply the electronic shutter pulse to said image sensor and to disable the reading of the temperature measurements by said reading component during the application of the electronic shutter pulse. | 7,921 |
8,977,094 | 1. An optical fiber comprising a first core at a center thereof, a second core that is adjacent to the first core and covers an outer circumference of the first core, a third core that is adjacent to the second core and covers an outer circumference of the second core, and a cladding that is adjacent to the third core and covers an outer circumference of the third core, wherein with a refractive index of the cladding as a reference, Δ1 is a maximum value of a relative refractive index difference of the first core, Δ2 is a maximum value of a relative refractive index difference of the second core, Δ3 is a minimum value of a relative refractive index difference of the third core, “a” is a half-value radial width for the relative refractive index difference (Δ1−Δ2) of the first core, “b” is a radius of a boundary between the second core and the third core, and “c” is a radius of a boundary between the third core and the cladding, the expressions 0.30%≦Δ1≦0.45%, −0.05%≦Δ2≦0.05%, −0.6%≦Δ3≦−0.3%, 2.85≦b/a, 10 μm≦b≦15 μm, and 3 μm≦c−b≦5.5 μm are satisfied, “b” is 1.21 times or more greater than a mode field diameter for a wavelength of 1310 nm, curvature loss for a wavelength of 1550 nm when the optical fiber is wound around a mandrel with a diameter of 10 mm is no greater than 0.2 dB/turn, and transmission loss for a wavelength of 1383 nm is no greater than 0.35 dB/km. | 23,045 |
8,418,582 | 1. A flywheel assembly for exercise devices, comprising: a flywheel adapted to be rotatably mounted on an exercise device and having a trough centrally defined therein; a magnetic control device received in the trough for providing damping to the flywheel, wherein the flywheel is rotatable relative to the magnetic control device, the magnetic control device including: an axle unit centrally extending through the flywheel and the magnetic control device for positioning the flywheel and the magnetic control device on the exercise device, wherein one end of the axle unit is securely connected to the second disc such that the flywheel is rotatable relative to the magnetic control device; and a cable having a first end secured on the first disc and a second end adapted to be connected to a lever for user to operate the magnetic control device and adjust the damping that is acted on the flywheel. | 32,127 |
9,664,091 | 1. A device for determining fault in an SCR system, wherein said SCR system comprises: a dosing device for dosing of reducing agent into an engine's exhaust duct upstream of an SCR catalytic converter for reduction of NO a DOC unit situated upstream of said SCR catalytic converter on said exhaust duct; and the device for determining fault comprising at least one data processing unit and at least one memory configured to, 1) determine NO 2) determine satisfactory operation of said SCR catalytic converter; 3) progressively alter a dosage of said reducing agent during predetermined operating conditions of said DOC unit; 4) determine whether said SCR system can reduce said NO content of the exhaust flow downstream of said SCR catalytic converter to a predetermined extent during said progressively altered dosing, and 5) use results of said determinations as a basis for deciding whether said DOC unit is faulty or not. | 14,854 |
9,135,021 | 1. A method for providing non-standard input data from a non-standard input device to a standard browser having a program on a client in communication with the non-standard input device directly over a standard socket to a server having a configuring program over a network, the method comprising: receiving non-standard input data from the non-standard input device at the client; reading the received non-standard input data by one or more device drivers at the client which are associated with the non-standard input data; providing the read non-standard input data to an application at the client, the application opening the socket to the program and communicating with the non-standard input device; receiving from the application equivalent standard input data at the program and receiving from the configuring program configuration instructions to configure the program; providing received input data from the program to populate one or more respective fields in a browser form in relation to received configuration instructions; and sending the browser form to a web application on the server without the web application caching data. | 8,199 |
8,572,320 | 1. A memory apparatus, comprising: at least one cache memory integrated circuit (IC) comprising compare circuitry that compares a received address with stored compare values, the compare circuitry providing a configurable granularity in cache compare tries responsive to a configurable SET value; cache memory that provides cached data in response to the compare circuitry, a controller interface having at least address and control signal input terminals, and a module output connection having at least address and control signal output terminals corresponding to the address and control signal input terminals. | 48,033 |
8,701,635 | 1. A supercharger system contained within a housing, the supercharger system having a front end, a rear end, an inlet and an outlet and comprising: an integrated bypass valve, a rotor assembly, and a plurality of intake runners that comprise an interlaced cross-runner pattern, wherein the supercharger system comprises a front drive, front inlet configuration and wherein the plurality of intake runners are located under the rotor assembly. | 43,748 |
9,703,852 | 1. A computing device, comprising: one or more processors; and a memory having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the computing device to perform operations including: identifying a minimum data value and a maximum data value for a variate in a set of data to be analyzed in a first iteration, wherein the variate includes a specified quantile; sampling a set of data values from the variate; selecting a subset of the sampled set of data values and wherein each of the data values in the subset are selected to be lower and upper quantile bounds for one or more data bins for the variate; defining a plurality of data bins for the variate using the subset of the sampled set of data values, wherein the plurality of data bins collectively range from the minimum data value to the maximum data value and each of the plurality of data bins is associated with a different range of data values in the set of data; determining a total number of data values in the set of data that fall within each of the plurality of data bins; identifying one of the plurality of data bins that includes the specified quantile based on the total number of data values in each of the plurality of data bins and the lower and upper quantile bounds of each of the data bins; determining the specified quantile based on the identified one of the plurality of data bins; and storing data including the specified quantile and the upper and lower quantile bounds, wherein when another plurality of data bins is defined, the stored data is used to narrow one or more spans of lower and upper quantile bounds of the another plurality of data bins. | 15,826 |
9,494,349 | 1. A control system to control the flow rate of a fluid flowing relative to and in thermal contact with the condenser of a vapour compression cycle system, the flow of fluid being captured in a conduit that together with the condenser forms a tube-in-tube heat exchanger, in order to control heating of the fluid via heat exchange with the working fluid, said control system comprising: a sensor providing an output correlating to the temperature of the working fluid at the condensing phase of the vapour compression cycle system, a flow rate controller to control the rate of flow of fluid relative the condenser, a controller operatively connected with the flow rate controller to be able to vary the flow rate of the fluid, reliant on the output of said sensor, wherein the sensor is located at the condenser at a zone corresponding to the condensing zone of the working fluid. | 14,637 |
9,430,110 | 1. A touch detection circuit, comprising: a touch detection section circuit configured to detect a plurality of touch points made by one or more users, based on positive data in a touch data map that includes the positive data and negative data; and a determination section circuit configured to detect, based on the negative data in the touch data map, a plurality of negative points, and determine, based on the plurality of negative points, touch points made by same user in the plurality of touch points, wherein the touch data map is obtained from a touch detection device that includes a plurality of drive electrodes extending in a first direction and a plurality of sensor electrodes extending in a second direction, and wherein the determination section circuit | 24,953 |
8,614,021 | 1. A microbial fuel cell, comprising: an anode compartment comprising an anode in contact with a microbe-containing analyte; a cathode compartment comprising a cathode in contact with a catholyte; a cation-permeable membrane separating the anode compartment and the cathode compartment; and an electrical connection between the anode and the cathode; wherein the microbes in the microbe-containing analyte comprise a cell membrane formed of a lipid bilayer having a charge-transfer agent substantially residing therewithin so as to facilitate transmembrane electron transport, wherein the charge-transfer agent comprises: a first region which is hydrophilic, a second region of electronic delocalization, and a third region which is hydrophilic; wherein the charge-transfer agent is of sufficient length such that the first region contacts with the external environment of the microbe and/or the hydrophilic portion of the cell membrane of the microbe facing the external environment, the second region contacts with the hydrophobic portion of the cell membrane of the microbe, and the third region contacts with the cytosol of the microbe and/or the hydrophilic portion of the cell membrane of the microbe facing the cytosol, respectively. | 22,722 |
8,821,615 | 1. A method for treating a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, comprising the following steps: deacidifying the gas mixture by putting the gas mixture in contact with a first lean absorbent solution stream, delivering a deacidified gas mixture and a first rich absorbent solution stream; regenerating the first rich absorbent solution, delivering the first lean absorbent solution stream and a stream of sour gases; distilling the stream of sour gases, delivering a first carbon-dioxide-rich stream and a rich-hydrogen-sulfide stream; and purifying the first carbon-dioxide-rich stream by putting the first carbon-dioxide-rich stream in contact with a second lean absorbent solution stream, delivering a second carbon-dioxide-rich stream and a second rich absorbent solution stream, the molar concentration of carbon dioxide in the second carbon-dioxide-rich stream being greater than a molar concentration of carbon dioxide in the first carbon-dioxide-rich stream; and wherein the first lean absorbent solution stream and the second lean absorbent solution stream have the same composition. | 16,923 |
8,715,500 | 1. A flow distributor plate for a reverse osmosis desalination apparatus, the plate having a plurality of bores through it from a front face thereof to a rear face thereof, the front face having a recessed area the surface of which is set back from the remainder of the front face of the plate, the entrances to some of the bores being within said recessed area, and the entrances to other of the bores being within said remainder of the front face. | 25,298 |
9,423,863 | 1. A server system, comprising: a first computing module, comprising a processing unit; a power distribution board (PDB) module connected to the first computing module and configured to distribute a power of the server system; a first storage apparatus connected to the PDB module; and a second storage apparatus connected to the PDB module, wherein after finishing a boot operation, the first computing module determines whether a second computing module connected to the PDB module is present, such that the first computing module controls the PDB module to select and distribute the first storage apparatus and the second storage apparatus to the first computing module and the second computing module. | 48,130 |
8,850,319 | 1. A method performed by a device driver to process a video Instant Message, the method comprising: receiving a captured image from an image capture device; selecting at least one video effect from a plurality of video effects; generating a modified image by applying the at least one video effect to the captured image; and communicating the modified image to a viewing location as the video Instant Message, wherein the modified image is generated so that no further video effect processing of the video effect by the device driver is required to display the modified image. | 19,637 |
9,732,281 | 1. A process for co-producing commercially valuable products from by-products of a process for upgrading or refining heavy oil or bitumen to formulate synthesized hydrocarbons, comprising: (a) forming a non-distilled bottom fraction from a source of heavy oil or bitumen feedstock; (b) feeding said bottom fraction to a syngas generating circuit for formulating a hydrogen lean syngas stream via a non-catalytic partial oxidation reaction; (c) providing a first hydrogen rich syngas stream from a syngas generator; (d) subjecting a portion of said first hydrogen rich syngas stream to a hydrogen separator unit to provide a purified hydrogen by-product stream and a second hydrogen rich syngas stream; (e) subjecting at least a portion of said hydrogen lean syngas stream, said first hydrogen rich syngas stream, said second hydrogen rich syngas stream or a combination thereof, to a carbon dioxide removal operation to obtain a purified hydrogen rich syngas stream an a carbon dioxide by-product stream; (f) reacting said purified hydrogen rich syngas stream in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor to formulate synthesized hydrocarbons; and (g) converting said purified hydrogen by-product stream and/or said carbon dioxide by-product stream into said commercially valuable co-products. | 25,062 |
9,127,643 | 1. A rotary motor actuator which has a table rotating relative to a base around a center line, comprising: a rotary motor that has a stator and a rotor opposed to the stator and is configured to rotate the table relative to the base around the center line; and a guide mechanism which has a first member and a second member mounted movable on the first member via a plurality of rolling elements and which guides rotation of the table relative to the base around the center line, wherein the base, the table, the stator, the rotor, the first member and the second member have a plurality of base segments, a plurality of table segments, a plurality of stator segments, a plurality of rotor segments, a plurality of first member segments and a plurality of second member segments, respectively, which are arranged in a circumferential direction around the center line, one of the stator segments and the rotor segments is connected to the base segments, and one of the first member segments and the second member segments is connected to the base segments, the other of the stator segments and the rotor segments is connected to the table segments, and the other of the first member segments and the second member segments is connected to the table segments, and each of the plurality of segments of the base, the table, the stator, the rotor, the first member and the second member are physically split from each other into separate modules the base segments, the stator segments and the first member segments are equal in number, the stator segments and the first member segments are connected to the base segments, respectively, the table segments and the rotor segments are equal in number, and the rotor segments are connected to the table segments, respectively. | 6,091 |
9,114,985 | 1. Method for operating a fuel processor for generating hydrogen rich gas from a hydrocarbon fuel, the method comprising: providing a fuel processor comprising an inner housing and an outer housing surrounding the inner housing, whereby a mantel space between the inner housing and the outer housing; providing at least one fluid connection opening in the inner housing for providing, a fluid-connection between the inner housing and the mantel space; providing, in the inner housing at least one fuel reformer unit for reforming hydrocarbon fuel to a hydrogen rich gas; establishing a total fluid stream comprising at least a first fluid stream established inside the inner housing and a second fluid stream established in the mantel space, whereby the first and second fluid streams are in fluid connection through the at least one fluid connection opening, and under start-up condition, reversing the direction of the total fluid stream for starting the fuel processor until an operating temperature of the fuel reformer unit has been reached. | 49,350 |
9,301,587 | 1. An apparatus for preparing a hair coloring comprising: a graduated measuring and dispensing vessel; a container having a hair dye contained therein, the container comprising an air-tight chamber and an opening; the container further including means for engaging the container with a container holder to support the container; an air-tight reclosing seal at the opening, such that when the measuring and dispensing vessel engages the air-tight reclosing seal, the hair dye may be extracted from the air-tight chamber, and when the measuring and dispensing vessel is disengaged from the container, the air-tight reclosing seal closes off the air-tight chamber; and thereby permitting a known quantity of the hair dye to be withdrawn from the container into the measuring and dispensing vessel, allowing an accurate and repeatable quantity of hair dye to be dispensed from the container. | 5,672 |
9,146,125 | 1. A non-transitory machine readable medium storing a navigation application for execution by at least one processing unit of a device, the navigation application comprising: an interface for receiving data describing junctures along a route from a first location to a second location, wherein the data for each juncture comprises a set of angles at which roads leave the juncture; a juncture simplifier for simplifying the set of angles of each juncture based on the received data describing the juncture; an arrow generator for generating at least two different representations of a same maneuver at each simplified juncture while navigating the route; and an arrow selector for selecting, by the at least one processing unit, one of the two different representations to display the maneuver based on a context in which the maneuver will be displayed. | 19,005 |
9,088,022 | 1. A fuel cell, comprising: a fuel cell main body to generate power by using a liquid fuel; a fuel supply unit to supply the fuel to the fuel cell main body; a voltage sensor to measure an open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell main body; a supply speed determining unit configured to determine an operation time when the fuel is supplied from the fuel supply unit to the fuel cell main body and a stop time when the fuel is not supplied from the fuel supply unit to the fuel cell main body on the basis of the measured result by the voltage sensor when the voltage measured by the voltage sensor is smaller than a predetermined value; a fuel supply control unit configured to control the supply of the fuel by the fuel supply unit on the basis of the determined operation time and stop time; and a connecting unit to turn on a connection between a load and the fuel cell main body when the voltage measured by the voltage sensor is larger than the predetermined value; wherein the supply speed determining unit is configured to keep the operation time constant when the voltage measured by the voltage sensor is smaller than the predetermined value and larger than a second predetermined value which is smaller than the predetermined value; and wherein the supply speed determining unit is configured to increase the operation time when the voltage measured by the voltage sensor is smaller than the second predetermined value. | 4,950 |
9,522,194 | 1. A method for therapeutic treatment of cancer comprising administering to a patient in need thereof of an effective amount of an Antibody-Drug Conjugate composition wherein the composition is represented by the structure of Formula Ia′: wherein Ab is an antibody; A is a Stretcher unit; a is 0 or 1; each W is independently an Amino Acid unit; w is an integer ranging from 0 to 12; Y is a Spacer unit; y is 0, 1 or 2; D is a drug moiety having Formula D: wherein, independently for each D that is present: R R R R R R each R and the moiety —N(R wherein Z wherein R R Z wherein X | 27,745 |
8,624,227 | 1. An optoelectronic device comprising at least one modified photocatalytic unit, and a surface of a semiconductor material having a linker molecule chemisorbed thereon, wherein said at least one genetically modified photocatalytic unit is covalently attached to said linker molecule such that when light is absorbed by said photocatalytic unit, an electric field is generated at sufficient amount to induce charge carrier locomotion within said semiconductor material. | 31,725 |
9,348,761 | 1. A method of selecting a physical storage device for storing data comprising: determining a plurality of device weights for a plurality of physical storage devices, wherein a different one of the plurality of device weights is determined for each of the plurality of physical storage devices in accordance with one or more factors including any of a storage capacity of said each physical storage device and an amount of remaining write capacity of said each physical storage device representing an amount of remaining writes for an expected lifetime of said each physical storage device; determining a replica set for each of said plurality of physical storage devices, said replica set for said each physical storage device including a number of replicas in accordance with the different one of the plurality of device weights for said each physical storage device; determining a plurality of hash value sets for said plurality of physical storage devices, wherein an associated one of the plurality of hash value sets is determined for each of said plurality of physical storage devices, said associated one of the plurality of hash values sets for said each physical storage device including hash values determined using a hash function and said replica set of said each physical storage device, wherein each of said hash values is generated as an output of the hash function when using a corresponding one of the replicas of the replica set for said each physical storage device as an input to the hash function; determining a first hash value for a first data item using the hash function; mapping the first hash value to a second hash value included in a first of the plurality of hash value sets associated with a corresponding one of the plurality of physical storage devices; and selecting the corresponding one of the plurality of physical storage devices to store the first data item. | 14,474 |
9,692,709 | 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform playout buffering functionality for encapsulated media, the playout buffering functionality comprising: receiving, by a tunneling client, one or more packets comprising media data from a tunneling server via a tunnel, wherein the tunnel comprises a plurality of inner sockets; selecting, based on a classification of the one or more packets, an inner socket from the plurality of inner sockets; buffering the one or more packets in a playout buffer that corresponds to the selected inner socket; transferring the one or more packets from the playout buffer to a receiving queue that corresponds to the selected inner socket when a number of the one or more packets exceeds a playout buffer threshold; and releasing the one or more packets from the receiving queue to a client application. | 16,851 |
9,586,833 | 1. A composition comprising an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide of the following formula (I), wherein a mass loss rate is 2% or less when the salt is kept at 100° C. for 8 hours under an air current, or a temperature is 210° C. or higher at which a mass loss rate becomes 2% when the salt is heated from 25° C. at a temperature rise rate of 10° C./minute under an air current, wherein M a represents an alkali metal, and R a and R b are the same or different and represent a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with a fluorine atom, and at least one of R a or R b is a fluorine atom. | 29,709 |
9,168,496 | 1. A blender apparatus for blending liquids and solid particles wherein a housing has a central solid particles inlet, an impeller assembly, and a motive power source including a drive shaft extending into said solid particles inlet, the blender apparatus comprising: an outer liquid inlet port and an outlet port communicating in circumferentially spaced relation to one another with an annular space in outer surrounding relation to said impeller assembly in said housing for directing slurry resulting from the intermixture of the solid particles which are driven outwardly with liquid flowing through said liquid inlet port into said annular space; a pump in communication with said outlet port; and said impeller assembly having a base plate adjacent to a lower end of said solid particles inlet and circumferentially spaced impeller vanes mounted on said base plate, each of said impeller vanes extending radially outwardly from a center of the base plate and terminating adjacent to an outer circumferential edge of said base plate, said outer surrounding annular space being reduced adjacent to a portion of the impeller assembly by a sector of the housing that restricts flow of the slurry from said outlet port to said liquid inlet port. | 15,865 |
9,445,716 | 1. A method of processing a non-stereo fundus image to identify whether a plurality of glaucoma indicators are present, the method comprising: performing a texture analysis by extracting numerical parameters from the fundus image; determining whether the numerical parameters meet a quality criterion; and only if the determination indicates that the numerical parameters meet the quality criterion, analyzing the fundus image by a plurality of image processing algorithms to determine whether the glaucoma indicators are present. | 6,721 |
8,635,540 | 1. A method for generating a web page, comprising: in response to receiving a user request specifying first data and second data to be displayed on said web page, | 14,947 |
9,556,448 | 1. A plant cell, plant part, plant tissue culture or whole plant comprising one or more non-naturally occurring mutated Kinase Inhibitor Protein (KIP) Related Protein (KRP) genes, wherein the plant is a species in the Triticum genus, and wherein the one or more non-naturally occurring mutations of the KRP gene comprises a mutation selected from the group consisting of a G to A substitution at nucleotide 990 from the start codon of a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 66, a C to T substitution at nucleotide 807 from the start codon of a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 68, and a C to T substitution at nucleotide 572 as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 79. | 33,131 |
8,591,166 | 1. An apparatus comprising: a gas turbine engine axial compressor vane having an internal passageway in fluid communication with a vane aperture located at a downstream chord location of the vane and operable to eject a flow of pressurized gas; a gas turbine engine axial compressor blade disposed downstream of the vane and operable to turn at a rotational speed during operation of a gas turbine engine, the blade having a first loading at the rotational speed when the flow of pressurized gas is not ejected from the vane; and wherein the vane flows the pressurized gas through the vane aperture at a flow rate and in an orientation that alters an angular direction of a flow of working fluid downstream of the vane and changes the first loading on the blade to a second loading when rotating at the rotational speed. | 47,083 |
9,202,605 | 1. A synthetic metal comprising an organic molecule having an electron-donating ability, and a π-conjugated plane, and being self-assembling, wherein the organic molecule is selected from the group consisting of: (i) compounds represented by Formula 4A, wherein R wherein X is S or Se; and R (ii) compounds represented by Formula 5A, wherein R wherein X is S or Se; and R (iii) a compound represented by Formula 3A: | 21,361 |
9,650,833 | 1. A portable modular earth boring machine comprising: an outer housing member having an internal frame with supports carried by a skid plate, said supports being used to support a drive member and a discharge hopper; said outer housing member further including a discharge port for removing dirt and debris from said discharge hopper, and an opening adjacent said discharge hopper; a drive shaft operatively connected to said drive member, wherein said drive shaft passes through said discharge hopper in an axial orientation; an auger operatively and removably connected to said drive shaft, whereby said auger is rotatably fixed longitudinally with respect to said skid plate; a rigid sleeve adapted to be removably received by a fitting around said opening, so that said sleeve is disposed around said auger when said auger is operatively connected to said drive shaft, said sleeve having a diameter that is larger than the diameter of said auger, wherein said skid plate and a bottom portion of said sleeve are in a single linear plane; discharge paddles operatively connected to said drive shaft within said discharge hopper; wherein said drive member rotates said drive shaft and said auger; and wherein said auger rotation causes dirt and debris to flow from a distal end of said sleeve into said discharge hopper, where said discharge paddles rotate and eject said dirt and debris through outwardly through said discharge port. | 37,354 |
8,894,826 | 1. A method for forming a film comprising: providing first and second targets in a common sputtering chamber, the first target comprising a Cu—In—Ga—Se alloy and the second target comprising a chalcogen; co-sputtering the first and second targets towards a substrate to form a film comprising polycrystalline CIGS material on the substrate which incorporates chalcogen from the second target. | 42,667 |
8,428,848 | 1. A combustion control system for a direct injection engine, comprising: a mean effective pressure (MEP) determination module that determines a MEP for a first combustion event of a cylinder based on cylinder pressure measured by a cylinder pressure sensor during the first combustion event; a coefficient of variation (COV) determination module that determines a COV for the cylinder based on the MEP; a spark control module that selectively sets a spark timing for a second combustion event of the cylinder based on the COV, wherein the second combustion event is after the first combustion event; and a fuel control module that selectively provides fuel for the second combustion event based on the COV, wherein the fuel control module determines an end of injection (EOI) timing based on the COV and disables the provision of fuel during the second combustion event at the EOI timing. | 47,699 |
9,286,774 | 1. A tactile sensation providing apparatus comprising: a tactile output unit comprising a contact surface to contact a part of a human body, wherein the tactile output unit further comprising a body portion comprising the contact surface and the tactile output unit further comprises a first frame to which the body portion is slidably mounted and which guides the body portion to move horizontally; a connection unit comprising a wire connected to the tactile output unit, and a tube enclosing the wire; and a driver configured to supply a driving force to the connection unit. | 34,476 |
8,661,794 | 1. An improved Diesel exhaust filter comprising a rigid porous wall that is comprised of an acicular ceramic, the porous wall having a first side and a second side, the porous wall having therein a Diesel oxidation catalyst layer and a NO x absorbent layer, wherein the Diesel oxidation catalyst layer is adjacent to the first side of the porous wall and the NOx absorbent layer is between the Diesel oxidation layer and second side of the porous wall. | 13,765 |
9,627,581 | 1. A nitride semiconductor structure comprising a nitride semiconductor layer having a principal plane and including a nitride semiconductor, wherein a normal to the principal plane of the nitride semiconductor layer is inclined at 5 degrees or more and 17 degrees or less with respect to a [11-22] axis of the nitride semiconductor constituting the nitride semiconductor layer in the direction of a +c-axis of the nitride semiconductor. | 11,273 |
8,625,733 | 1. A neutron source rod assembly for a nuclear reactor comprising; a neutron source positioning rodlet assembly having an upper coupling for connecting to a mounting assembly and an elongated substantially round body sized to slidingly fit within a guide thimble tube of a nuclear fuel assembly, the body extending a preselected distance from the upper coupling along an axis coinciding with an elongated dimension of the substantially round body and terminating in a lower coupling; and a source capsule assembly sealably enclosing a neutron source material, with the source capsule assembly configured as a separate component from the neutron source positioning rodlet assembly, structured to be boxed and shipped separately, sized to slidingly fit within the guide thimble tube and having an upper coupling configured to mate with the lower coupling of the neutron source positioning rodlet assembly and wherein the neutron source positioning rodlet assembly and the source capsule assembly are configured to be fixedly connected to each other at an assembly site and the preselected distance substantially extends from the mounting assembly to an elevation in a core of the nuclear reactor at which the neutron source material is to be situated. | 17,867 |
8,731,870 | 1. A method of designing a composite panel, the panel comprising a plurality of zones, each zone comprising a plurality of plies of composite material arranged in a stacking sequence, each ply in each stacking sequence having a respective orientation angle, the method comprising: a. for each orientation angle creating N layout matrices, where N≧1 and N is the highest number of plies with that orientation angle in any one zone of the panel, and the layout matrices are consecutively numbered 1, . . . n, . . . N, wherein b. arranging the layout matrices in a plurality of candidate sequences; c. using selection criteria to choose one or more of the candidate sequences; and d. assigning stacking sequences to the zones in accordance with the chosen candidate sequences, the above method steps are implemented on a computer. | 31,808 |
9,629,573 | 1. An interactive virtual care system comprising: at least one processor; and a memory storing machine readable instructions that when executed by the at least one processor cause the at least one processor to acquire, by at least one sensory device, user data related to user movement of at least one portion of a user's body, the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body being performed at a distance away from the at least one sensory device; digitize, in real-time, the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body based on an interpretation of the acquired user data; produce a computer-generated version of the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body; transmit a signal of the digitized user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body based on the interpretation of the acquired user data and the computer-generated version of the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body, wherein the signal is to provide for a display of the digitized user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body, and highlighting of the digitized user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body in the display of the digitized user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body, wherein the computer-generated version of the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body includes joints of the user's body displayed as connectors and/or skeletal features of the user's body displayed as line segments between the connectors; compare the acquired user data to predetermined historical user data and/or statistical norm data for other users to identify at least one anomaly in the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body; and display the computer-generated version of the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body, highlighting the at least one anomaly in the user movement of the at least one portion of the user's body identified to provide interactive virtual care. | 11,213 |
8,380,574 | 1. A method for validating a transaction made on a transactional terminal, said transaction being associated with a user, wherein the method comprises: receiving a validation message from a mobile device of a user, containing a validation code for the transaction, which comprises at least one piece of information representing an identifier of the transactional terminal and was preliminarily displayed on the transactional terminal entered by the user of the mobile device and transmitted with the validation message by the mobile device to an entity of a telecommunications network to which said mobile device and said transactional terminal are connected; identifying a base station of the telecommunications network to which the mobile device of the user is connected; decoding the validation code for the transaction from the validation message to deliver the at least one piece of information representing the identifier of the transactional terminal; and validating the transaction based on whether the identified transactional terminal is in a zone of coverage of the identified base station to which the mobile device of the user is connected. | 6,027 |
9,286,854 | 1. A streaming media device, comprising: a board hosting components configured to access streamed data; an audio/visual connector linked to the board, wherein the audio/visual connector is adapted for physical connection to a connector of a display device such that the streaming media device is coupled onto the connector of the display device, wherein the audio/visual connector is adapted to operate with a first audio/visual interface having sufficient power to fully operate the printed circuit board and a second audio/visual interface having insufficient power to fully operate the printed circuit board; a power connector linked to the printed circuit board, wherein the power connector selectively receives power based on the audio/visual connector utilizing one of the first audio/visual interface and the second audio/visual interface; a power cord that is removably coupled to the power connector and configured to deliver power to the power connector through an external power source; a visual indicator to provide indicia of physical connection state between the streaming media device and the connector of the display device; and a processor coupled to the board and configured to: | 3,506 |
9,113,168 | 1. A method of processing a video signal with a decoding apparatus, the method comprising: receiving, with the decoding apparatus, the video signal, the video signal including block type information of a current block; obtaining, with the decoding apparatus, the block type information of the current block from the video signal; when the block type information specifies that the current block is coded in intra mode, obtaining, with the decoding apparatus, intra mode reference information of the current block from the video signal, the intra mode reference information indicating whether or not intra prediction mode information of the current block is derived from a neighboring block adjacent to the current block; when the intra mode reference information indicates that the intra prediction mode information of the current block is derived from the neighboring block, deriving, with the decoding apparatus, the intra prediction mode information of the current block by selecting one of intra prediction mode candidates in an intra prediction mode candidate list, the intra prediction mode candidate list including intra prediction mode information of the neighboring block, the neighboring block including at least one of a top neighboring block and a left neighboring block; when the intra mode reference information indicates that the intra prediction mode information of the current block is not derived from the neighboring block, parsing, with the decoding apparatus, the intra prediction mode information of the current block from the video signal; and predicting, with the decoding apparatus, pixel values of the current block using the intra prediction mode information, wherein predicting the pixel values of the current block comprises: splitting, with the decoding apparatus, the current block into a plurality of partitions by a transform block unit for transform coding, and predicting, with the decoding apparatus, each partition within the current block by using the intra prediction mode information and decoded pixel values adjacent to the each partition, wherein the parsed intra prediction mode information of the current block is commonly used for predicting each of the plurality of partitions within the current block. | 40,232 |
8,746,381 | 1. A method for operating an engine in a vehicle, the method comprising: determining a measured torque output by the engine; determining an expected torque output by the engine; and providing an amount of fuel to the engine based on a ratio of the measured to expected torques. | 21,244 |
9,185,805 | 1. A method for manufacturing a circuit substrate on which a first electronic component having a bump is to be mounted, the circuit substrate including a terminal to which the bump of the first electronic component is to be electrically connected, the method comprising the steps of: forming a mask layer on a portion of a main surface of a first sheet; forming a through-hole in the mask layer; filling the through-hole with a conductive material; stacking a plurality of second sheets and the first sheet having the mask layer such that the mask layer defines an uppermost layer, and compressing the stack to embed the mask layer in the first sheet; and removing the mask layer from the stack of the first sheet and the second sheets. | 8,436 |
9,585,741 | 1. A device for removing a blood clot in a vessel, the device comprising an elongate member configured for insertion into the vasculature, the elongate member comprising a distal end; an expandable member comprising a proximal portion that extends from the distal end of the elongate member, the expandable member configured to transition from a compacted state to an expanded state, in which the expandable member engages with the blood clot; and a flow restrictor configured to restrict blood flow and generate a low pressure zone at a location in the vasculature that is distal to the flow restrictor, the flow restrictor having a spherical structure that surrounds the proximal portion of the expandable member and the distal end of the elongate member, and having a neck portion that surrounds a length of the elongate member that extends proximal from the distal end of the elongate member. | 10,267 |
9,057,886 | 1. A method of designing a customized progressive addition lens (PAL) comprising: generating a target sphere map that defines a non-linear power progression for a region of the PAL, wherein the PAL comprises a far, an intermediate and a near zone, and wherein said non-linear power progression comprises a first linear power progression comprising a portion of the far zone and an adjacent portion of the intermediate zone, and said non-linear power progression comprises a second linear power progression comprising a portion of the intermediate zone and an adjacent portion of the near zone, said first linear power progression being different than the second linear power progression, entireties of said first and second power progressions being linear; generating a target cylinder map; and combining the target sphere map and the target cylinder map to generate a prescription for the PAL, wherein the prescription comprises distance power, intermediate power and near power. | 49,202 |
9,429,610 | 1. A system, comprising: a circuit; and a power switch that connects the circuit to a power supply when the circuit is in an active state, and disconnects the circuit from the power supply when the circuit is in an inactive state, wherein the power switch has a variable resistance; and a switch control circuit that controls the resistance of the power switch as the circuit powers up from the inactive state to the active state by decreasing the resistance of the power switch at a first rate during a first time interval, and decreasing the resistance of the power switch at a second rate during a second time interval immediately following the first time interval, wherein the first rate is at least two times greater than the second rate, a boundary between the first and second time intervals corresponds to a time at which a voltage of the circuit reaches a threshold voltage of transistors in the circuit, and the switch control circuit comprises delay elements coupled in series, wherein the first rate and the second rate depend on delays of the delay elements. | 38,886 |
8,359,074 | 1. A method for biasing a circuit to be powered down, the method comprising: switching a bias output from a bias circuit coupled to a first circuit to a dummy circuit, the first circuit including a low noise amplifier that operates in either a normal mode or a sleep mode; and maintaining the bias circuit at an operating state using the dummy circuit while the first circuit including the low noise amplifier is powered down in the sleep mode including maintaining a positive lead of an amplifier of the bias circuit at a predetermined voltage level, wherein maintaining the positive lead includes maintaining the positive lead coupled between the dummy circuit and the amplifier of the bias circuit at the predetermined voltage level, the amplifier including a comparative amplifier. | 25,384 |
8,722,236 | 1. A battery having an exterior can, an electrode group including an anode and a cathode accommodated in the exterior can, and a lid attached to an opening of the exterior can, comprising: anode and cathode terminal portions, at least one of the anode and cathode terminal portions including; a depressed portion formed in the lid, a through hole opened in the depressed portion of the lid, an external insulator arranged in the depressed portion of the lid and provided with a pedestal portion surrounding the through hole and having a side wall, an insulating gasket having a cylindrical portion inserted in the through hole of the lid and a flange portion formed on a portion of the depressed portion of the lid at a periphery of the through hole, an external terminal having a head portion and an axial portion extending from the head portion and inserted in the cylindrical portion of the insulating gasket, the head portion being accommodated in a space surrounded by the flange portion of the insulating gasket and the pedestal portion and the side wall of the external insulator, a lead of the same polarity as the external terminal, the lead being arranged inside the exterior can and having an attachment hole, and the axial portion of the external terminal being inserted in the attachment hole, and an internal insulator arranged between an inside of the lid and the lead to insulate therebetween, and wherein the axial portion of the external terminal is fixed to the through hole of the lid and the attachment hole of the lead by caulking, and the insulating gasket is formed of a resin in which the melting point is higher than the internal insulator and the external insulator. | 49,478 |
9,157,446 | 1. A centrifugal compressor, comprising: a first impeller provided in a main refrigerant flow path; a second impeller provided in the main refrigerant flow path downstream of the first impeller; a recirculation flow path provided between a first location and a second location along the main refrigerant flow path, the first location being downstream of the second impeller, the second location being downstream of the first impeller; a first vaned diffuser downstream of the first impeller, the second location adjacent the first vaned diffuser, the first vaned diffuser including a plurality of vanes having leading edges; a plurality of recirculation nozzles provided in the recirculation flow path, each of the recirculation nozzles having an outlet arranged adjacent the first vaned diffuser and downstream of the first impeller, wherein the outlets of the recirculation nozzles are arranged at least partially radially outward of the leading edges of the vanes of the first vaned diffuser with respect to a radial distance measured in a radial direction which is perpendicular to a central axis of said impeller; and wherein the recirculation flow path includes a recirculation volute adjacent inlets of the recirculation nozzles, the recirculation volute being upstream, relative to the recirculation flow path, of the recirculation nozzles. | 33,616 |
8,844,052 | 1. A computer-implemented method comprising: at a client location, receiving a first Flash file associated with a video advertisement that is transmitted over a network, the first Flash file comprising a first set of application programming interfaces (APIs) and residing at a first security domain, the client location being outside of the first security domain; permitting an application at the client location to access the first set of APIs stored at the first security domain related to playback of the video advertisement, wherein permitting an application includes permitting the application to use the first set of APIs to call library code residing at the first security domain for playback of the video advertisement; receiving a second Flash file that is transmitted over a network, the second Flash file comprising a second set of APIs and residing at a second different security domain, wherein the second Flash file only permits code belonging to the first security domain to use the second set of APIs to call library code residing at the second security domain, wherein the second set of APIs allow access to sensitive data related to the video advertisement; playing, by one or more processors, the video advertisement by using the first set of APIs; and accessing, by one or more processors, the sensitive data with the first Flash file using the second set of APIs to call library code residing at the second security domain. | 40,915 |
8,909,818 | 1. A method for shortening enumeration of a Universal Serial Bus (USB) Device coupled to a USB Host, comprising: sending a request for a Device descriptor to the USB Device; receiving, in response to the request for the Device descriptor, a plurality of descriptors in a single transfer from the USB Device; and setting a configuration of the USB Device based on the received plurality of descriptors. | 27,802 |
8,351,176 | 1. An electrical installation comprising control and/or monitoring means connected to a field device by means of an electrical communications circuit, in which the communications circuit comprises a power supply, a communications device, the field device as a load thereof, and an active incendive arc prevention means, in which the communications device is adapted to send and receive signals over the communications circuit to and from the field device, in which the field device is adapted to send and receive signals over the communications circuit to and from the communications device, in which the communications circuit operates at above a 1.2 Watts Intrinsic Safety power limit and is rendered Intrinsically Safe by the active incendive arc prevention means, in which the communications circuit is an imposed power circuit, in which the field device is located in an Intrinsically Safe part of the communications circuit and is powered by the provided imposed power, in which the communications circuit is adapted to carry DSL signals in said Intrinsically Safe part thereof, and in which the communications device and the field device communicate with one another according to the DSL protocol. | 35,128 |
9,741,617 | 1. A method of making a semiconductor device, the method comprising: securing a semiconductor wafer to a carrier, the semiconductor wafer comprising a plurality of semiconductor dies; while the semiconductor wafer is secured to the carrier, partially dicing the semiconductor wafer; encapsulating the partially diced semiconductor wafer; and dicing the encapsulated partially diced semiconductor wafer. | 34,767 |
9,180,533 | 1. A cutting insert with a serrated topography, comprising: a top surface terminating in a circular cutting edge, a bottom surface and a frusto-conical sidewall interconnecting the top surface and the bottom surface; a plurality of serrations uniformly disposed on the top surface and extending radially inward from the cutting edge in such a way that a bisector through each serration passes through a central axis of the cutting insert; and a plurality of curved stop surfaces uniformly disposed around the frusto-conical sidewall and extending to the bottom surface of the insert, wherein each of the curved stop surfaces includes a pair of mirror-symmetrical oblique engagement portions, wherein each of the stop surfaces is defined by side edges formed by mirror-symmetrical S-type curves between top and bottom ends of each surface, wherein a central portion of each the stop surfaces is tapered such that a depth of each of the stop surfaces increases between the top and bottom ends of each surface, and wherein the plurality of serrations reduce regenerative chatter during a cutting operation. | 38,088 |
9,591,711 | 1. A system for managing a light source of a luminaire, the system comprising: a microprocessor system that comprises memory and that is connected to a light sensor that comprises a gain; and computer executable instructions stored in the memory for performing the steps of: | 20,118 |
9,687,231 | 1. A surgical stapler, wherein the surgical stapler comprises a cartridge channel, and wherein said surgical stapler comprises: a staple cartridge body comprising: an anvil assembly comprising: | 48,090 |
9,799,416 | 1. A method of operating a nuclear fission traveling wave reactor, the method comprising: migrating at least one nuclear fission fuel assembly in a first direction from a first location in a nuclear fission traveling wave reactor core to a second location in the nuclear fission traveling wave reactor core, the second location having predominantly nuclear fission reactions and being different from the first location; and migrating the at least one nuclear fission fuel assembly in a second direction toward a propagating wave burnfront in the nuclear fission traveling wave reactor from the second location to a third location in the nuclear fission traveling wave reactor core, the third location having predominantly nuclear absorption reactions, and the second direction being different from the first direction. | 13,893 |
9,334,908 | 1. A centrifugal brake system for retarding backspin of a shaft comprising: a brake drum for mounting in a stationary supporting structure concentrical with the shaft; a brake hub attachable to the shaft for co-rotation with the shaft concentrically in the brake housing; two or more brake shoes distributed circumferentially about the hub and mounted on the hub for selective braking engagement with the brake drum; a mechanical linkage for transferring braking force generated by the braking engagement from each of the brake shoes to the hub and for radial displacement of the brake shoes relative to the hub, upon rotational shifting of the hub relative to the brake shoes, between a radially inward, disengaged position, wherein the brake shoes are not in braking engagement with the brake drum and a radially outward, engaged position, wherein the brake shoes are in braking engagement with the brake drum; and means for generating a frictional drag between the brake shoes and the brake drum to cause the rotational shifting of the brake hub relative to the brake shoes to the deactivated position during forward rotation and to the activated position during backward rotation wherein each brake shoe has first and second ends located on opposite sides of the respective mechanical linkage and wherein each brake shoe is pivotable about the mechanical linkage, and the means for generating a frictional drag is a biasing means connected to each brake shoe for pivoting the brake shoe about the mechanical linkage and biasing the first end of the brake shoe against the brake housing for generating a friction force between the brake shoe and the brake drum. | 23,583 |
8,797,771 | 1. A timing controlled capacitor based AC-DC step-up converter configured to supply regulated output voltages to a load circuit comprising: a time varying input signal source providing a time varying input signal having positive and negative peaks; a first input capacitor having first and second terminals, the first terminal being coupled to the input signal source, the second terminal being coupled to a converter first positive output through a first rectifier, the second terminal further being switchably coupled to a converter ground through a first switch and to a converter second positive output through a second switch; a first switch controller coupled to said first switch for controlling the time at which the first switch is closed and the duration of such switch closure, wherein said first switch controller comprises a first integrator configured to integrate the difference between a function of the converter first positive output and a predetermined first reference voltage to provide thereby a first control signal and wherein the first switch controller causes the first switch to close when the voltage at the first input capacitor second terminal falls below ground level and further causes the first switch to open when the voltage at the first input capacitor second terminal falls below the value of the first control signal; and a second switch controller coupled to said second switch for controlling the time at which the second switch is closed and the duration of such switch closure, wherein said second switch controller comprises a second integrator configured to integrate the difference between a function of the converter second positive output and a predetermined second reference voltage to provide thereby a second control signal and wherein the second switch controller causes the second switch to close when the voltage at the first input capacitor second terminal rises above the converter second positive output and further causes the second switch to open when a function of the voltage at the first input capacitor second terminal rises above the value of the second control signal. | 12,150 |
9,685,425 | 1. Apparatus, comprising: a printed circuit board having first and second opposing surfaces and first and second separate, laterally adjacent openings that extend from the first surface to the second surface; a first integrated circuit package including a first package substrate that is soldered to the first surface of the printed circuit board, a first integrated circuit die mounted on a surface the first package substrate, and a first mold cap that covers the first integrated circuit die and that extends into the first opening, the first mold cap having a non-rectangular perimeter with at least five sides, and the surface of the first package substrate having a region that is covered by the first mold cap and having a non-rectangular uncovered border region that surrounds the non-rectangular perimeter of the mold cap and that is uncovered by the first mold cap; and a second integrated circuit package including a second package substrate that is soldered to the second surface of the printed circuit board, a second integrated circuit die mounted on the second package substrate, and a second mold cap that covers the second integrated circuit die and that extends into the second opening. | 10,513 |
9,176,313 | 1. A method for manipulating one or more particles comprising exposing the one or more particles to a curved accelerating propagating non-Bessel beam of radiation, wherein the beam is curved in its direction of propagation and has an optical potential configured to lift and impart an acceleration to the one or more particles to cause simultaneous transverse deflection and vertical guiding of the one or more particles along the curved accelerating propagating beam in the direction of propagation of the beam to move the one or more particles from a current position to a new position in a curved trajectory, wherein the one or more particles are guided by the optical potential of the curved accelerating propagating beam until the beam's optical potential is overcome and the one or more particles fall under an action of gravity. | 37,399 |
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