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8,745,007 | 1. A method for handling synchrophasor measurements relating to an electrical power system, comprising: (a) acquiring a plurality of synchrophasor measurements containing data objects representing operation of the electrical power system; (b) applying a predetermined selection criterion to the synchrophasor measurements, the selection criterion comprising a limit value of a measured or derived electrical parameter, wherein satisfaction of the selection criteria indicates that the synchrophasor measurements represent a power system event, a power system event being defined as a deviation from steady-state operation of the electrical power system; (c) when the selection criterion is met, inserting and storing the synchrophasor measurements representing the power system event in a database as a partitioned binary large object (BLOB); (d) reading and transferring the synchrophasor measurements related to a user selected power system event from the database to a client computer partition by partition; and (e) de-serializing the partitions at the client computer on a partition-by-partition basis such that the client computer will be able to start a replay of the power system event as soon as processing of the first partition of the event BLOB data is completed. | 32,985 |
8,476,731 | 1. A nitride semiconductor diode comprising: a substrate; an n-conductivity-type nitride semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate; a Schottky electrode structure that is disposed on a surface of the nitride semiconductor layer and makes a Schottky junction with the surface of the nitride semiconductor layer, the Schottky electrode structure having one or more contact regions in contact with the nitride semiconductor layer; and an ohmic electrode in ohmic contact with the nitride semiconductor layer, wherein a total length of edges of the one or more contact regions of the Schottky electrode structure is greater than a perimeter of a Schottky electrode formation region of the Schottky electrode structure. | 24,385 |
9,193,188 | 1. A printer comprising: a printhead; a head carriage carrying the printhead; a first guide rail and a second guide rail that are mutually parallel and support the head carriage; a platen opposite the printhead; and a platen gap adjustment mechanism that adjusts a gap between the printhead and the platen by moving the first and second guide rails along a gap adjustment direction to approach or recede from the platen, said platen gap adjustment mechanism having a rotary mechanism that synchronously drives the first guide rail and the second guide rail in synchronous rotation, wherein the moving of the first and second guide rails along the gap adjustment direction is dependent upon the synchronous rotation of the first and second guide rails; said rotary mechanism including: | 27,576 |
9,736,679 | 1. A method for controlling a vehicle computer ( 12 ) of a vehicle ( 14 ) using a mobile telephone ( 16 ), the vehicle computer ( 12 ) having a vehicle display ( 18 ) and a vehicle input device ( 20 ), and the mobile telephone ( 16 ) having a mobile telephone display ( 26 ) and a mobile telephone input device ( 28 ), the method comprising: executing an application ( assembling user elements by the application ( inputting, by a user, a control command for the vehicle ( executing, by the application ( connecting a software interface ( sending the control command to the software interface ( executing the control command by the vehicle computer ( retrieving design data from the vehicle computer ( generating a graphical user interface based on the design data supplied by the vehicle computer by the application ( | 47,445 |
8,732,398 | 1. A data processing system comprising: a central processing unit executing program instructions to manipulate data; an external interface; at least one level one cache connected to said central processing unit temporarily storing at least one of program instructions for execution by said central processing unit and data for manipulation by said central processing unit; a level two memory connected to said at least one level one cache, said level two memory including a level two memory controller connected to said at least one level one cache, said level two memory and said external interface, said level two memory controller including | 42,562 |
8,905,007 | 1. An internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocatively movable in the cylinder; a power output unit coupled to the piston, for outputting kinetic energy due to a reciprocating motion of the piston; a combustion chamber defined by the cylinder and the piston, in which an air-fuel mixture is combusted; a spark plug disposed in the combustion chamber, for generating a spark in order to ignite the air-fuel mixture; an intake valve provided between the combustion chamber and an intake port for guiding air into the combustion chamber; and an exhaust valve provided between the combustion chamber and an exhaust port for discharging a combustion gas of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, the internal combustion engine further comprising: a heat-generation chamber provided so as to be adjacent to the combustion chamber; a heat-generation chamber valve capable of setting up either a communicating state or a shut-down state between the heat-generation chamber and the combustion chamber; a heat-generation-chamber heat-recovery unit for recovering heat of a gas introduced into the heat-generation chamber to utilize the heat for warming up; a HC purification unit for oxidizing hydrocarbons contained in the combustion gas, and a HC purification unit heat-recovery unit provided so as to be adjacent to the HC purification unit, for conducting a heat exchange between a heat generated due to the oxidation of the combustion gas in the HC purification unit and a heat of an engine cooling water, thereby recovering heat generated in the HC purification unit; wherein: a heat-generation-chamber spark plug for igniting the air-fuel mixture in the heat-generation chamber is disposed in the heat-generation chamber; the HC purification unit is disposed at a position in the heat-generation chamber, away from the heat-generation chamber valve, further than the heat-generation-chamber spark plug; and the heat-generation-chamber heat-recovery unit executes a heat recovery at a position away from the heat-generation chamber valve, which is further far from the HC purification unit. | 20,428 |
9,806,614 | 1. An apparatus comprising: a resonance circuit to output a first voltage and a first current; a high pass filter to receive the first voltage and output a second voltage into an input of a comparator; the comparator to: a switch controller to: enable a set of switches based on when the first current is zero; wherein the resonance circuit includes the set of switches, the set of switches controlling the first voltage; wherein only one switch of the set of switches is enabled at a time; wherein the set of switches includes: a first switch, wherein enabling the first switch charges an inductor associated with the resonance circuit; a second switch, wherein enabling the second switch increases the first voltage; and a third switch, wherein enabling the third switch decreases the first voltage. | 33,438 |
8,755,974 | 1. A method for optimizing performance of a guidance system for a vehicle, the method comprising: receiving data representative of a weight associated with a periodically changing payload of the vehicle, an overall possible weight change of the payload being equivalent to a weight of the vehicle; and setting or adjusting a steering parameter of the guidance system at least partially based on the weight such that the guidance system steers the vehicle in a manner that compensates for the weight; wherein the receiving and setting steps are automatically performed by a computing device of the guidance system. | 2,712 |
9,164,569 | 1. A data processing apparatus comprising: a first control unit configured to control the data processing apparatus; a registration unit configured to register definition information including first identification information and first process information, the first identification information identifying a packet received from an external apparatus via a network, the first process information indicating a process to be performed on the packet; an electric power control unit configured to control supplying of electric power such that electric power is supplied to the first control unit in a normal power mode and supplying of electric power is stopped at least to the first control unit in a power saving mode; and a second control unit configured to, when a packet is received from the external apparatus in the power saving mode, determine the first identification information based on the received packet, and then perform a process according to the first process information corresponding to the determined first identification information, the second control unit being further configured to control registration such that second identification information and second process information are newly registered in the registration unit as a part of the definition information according to an instruction given from the external apparatus if the second identification information is not already registered in the registration unit, the second identification information identifying a packet received from the external apparatus via a network, the second process information indicating a process to be performed on the packet, wherein the second control unit is configured to control registration such that the first process information is updated in the registration unit if the second identification information is already registered in the registration unit as a part of the definition information and the second process information is different than the first process information already registered in the registration unit. | 36,055 |
8,775,938 | 1. In a media player, a method of presenting media content and user interface content to a user, comprising: detecting a triggering event; requesting from a remote server a user interface content slide deck upon detecting the triggering event; receiving from the remote server the user interface content slide deck, the user interface content slide deck comprising a plurality of user interface content pointers corresponding to content for a plurality of nested user interface content slides; receiving from the remote server a markup document associated with the user interface content slide deck, the markup document defining a template for a visual appearance of each of the plurality of nested user interface content slides; in response to a user selection of a selected user interface content slide, retrieving user interface content from a location defined by a user interface pointer corresponding to the selected user interface content slide and embedding the user interface content into the markup document to format the user interface content and create the selected user interface content slide; and displaying the selected user interface content slide to a user along with the media content. | 7,980 |
9,729,678 | 1. A method of operating a communication node, the method comprising: using a message broker and/or message client controlled by a virtual machine in the communication node to provide a protocol to interface with a field message bus comprising a standards-based or open-source field message bus; and transmitting or receiving data corresponding to an electric grid device, via the field message bus, wherein the communication node is located in a field of a power grid of an electric utility, wherein the method further comprises using, at the communication node in the field, the protocol of the message broker and/or message client to interface with a translator unit that is between a device protocol and the field message bus, and wherein the translator unit is in the field. | 24,026 |
8,968,656 | 1. A sample analyzer comprising: a container set section configured to receive a reagent container inside which contains a reagent of a selected type to be used in a sample analysis; a specimen preparing section configured to prepare a measurement specimen from the reagent and a sample; a measurement section configured to measure the measurement specimen; a cover which is provided in the container set section, the cover moves to an open position where the setting of the reagent container in the container set section is permitted and a closed position where the setting of the reagent container in the container set section is not permitted; a locking section operable to lock the cover in the open position for replacement of the reagent in the container set section and to release the cover after replacement of the reagent container so that the cover becomes movable to the closed position; a reader operable to read reagent information of a reagent in a reagent container form an information recording medium attached to the reagent container received in the container set section; and a controller comprising a processor and a memory that stores a program to be executed by the processor to: operate the locking section to lock the cover in the open position during replacement of the reagent container in the container set section with a new reagent container; while the cover remains locked in the open position, operate the reader to read reagent information on a reagent contained in the new reagent container received in the container set section; while the cover remains locked in the open position, determine, based on the reagent information read by the reader, whether the reagent in the new reagent container is of the selected type; operate the locking section to unlock the cover if the reagent in the new reagent container is determined to be of the selected type so that the cover becomes movable to the closed position; and leave the cover locked in the open position if the reagent in the new reagent container is determined not of the selected type. | 11,980 |
8,648,121 | 1. A process for generating a methane-enriched raw product gas stream and a nickel product stream from a non-gaseous nickel-containing carbonaceous material, the process comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a catalyzed carbonaceous feedstock from the nickel-containing carbonaceous material and an alkali metal hydromethanation catalyst, wherein the alkali metal hydromethanation catalyst comprises a recycle catalyst and a makeup catalyst; (b) introducing the catalyzed carbonaceous feedstock into a hydromethanation reactor; (c) reacting the catalyzed carbonaceous feedstock in the hydromethanation reactor in the presence of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and steam to produce a methane-enriched raw product gas and a solid by-product char; (d) withdrawing a stream of the methane-enriched raw product gas from the hydromethanation reactor as the methane-enriched raw product gas stream, wherein the methane-enriched raw product gas stream comprises methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, steam and heat energy; (e) withdrawing a stream of the solid by-product char from the hydromethanation reactor, wherein the withdrawn solid by-product char comprises carbon and an inorganic ash containing an alkali metal content and a nickel content; (f) treating the withdrawn solid by-product char to generate (1) an alkali metal-depleted char stream comprising a substantial portion of the nickel content, and (2) an aqueous alkali metal-enriched stream comprising one or more water-soluble alkali metal compounds, wherein the aqueous alkali metal-enriched stream comprises at least a predominant portion of the alkali metal content of the withdrawn solid by-product char; (g) recycling at least a portion of the aqueous alkali-metal enriched stream for use as the recycle catalyst; (h) treating the alkali metal-depleted char stream to generate a nickel-enriched stream and a nickel-depleted char stream, wherein the nickel-enriched stream comprises at least a predominant portion of the nickel content; (i) recovering at least a predominant portion of the nickel from the nickel-enriched stream in step (h) as the nickel product stream. | 25,119 |
8,855,477 | 1. A zoom lens barrel comprising: a diaphragm unit having diaphragm blades that define an aperture; a lens unit configured to be relatively movable toward and away from said diaphragm unit in a direction of an optical axis with a change in a photographing magnification, wherein said lens unit has a lens a part of which intrudes into the aperture of the diaphragm blades when said lens unit moves close to said diaphragm unit, and has a lens holding member which holds the lens; and a control unit configured to control an operation of said diaphragm unit, wherein the control unit controls a minimum diameter of the aperture of the diaphragm blades according to an amount of intrusion of the part of the lens into the aperture of the diaphragm blades within a range where the diaphragm blades do not interfere with the lens. | 7,737 |
8,600,342 | 1. A communication device, which includes: an emergency activation system which, when, initiated by a user, activates a positioning procedure of the communication device; a positioning unit that responds to the activity of the positioning procedure and determines a position of the communication device; a converting unit that converts the position of the communication device into a text or voice message; and a delivering unit that delivers the text or voice message to at least one person on a contact list that is preset in the communication device; wherein when the communication device cannot determine the location and the communication device is not turned off in a set period of time, the communication device will continue to produce a noticeable emergency alarm. | 7,794 |
9,143,445 | 1. A switch, comprising: processing circuitry; a storage device coupled to the processing circuitry and storing instructions which when executed by the processing circuitry cause the processing circuitry to perform a method, the method comprising: wherein the switch is capable of routing layer-2 frames without requiring a spanning-tree network topology. | 7,249 |
9,834,849 | 1. A method of forming a coating on a metal article, wherein the coating is for protecting the underlying metal article against materials that are corrosive to the metal, the method comprising the steps of: a) anodizing the surface of the metal article by applying a voltage to the metal article, wherein the voltage parameters used for anodisation are selected to homogenise the surface layer, to produce a subcoating on the substrate, by performing the anodizing step in two stages; a first anodizing stage where an electric potential is applied to the substrate for homogenization of the surface layer and a second anodizing stage where an electric potential is then applied to the substrate to form a protective sublayer, wherein the electric potential during the first anodizing stage is varied according to a first voltage profile which includes an increasing potential between 0 and 2 Volts, wherein the potential during the second anodizing stage is varied according to a second voltage profile which includes an increasing potential between 0 and 20 Volts, wherein pores are formed during both of the first and second anodizing stages that are irregular tortuous branched cracks that reach through to the underlying metal article, b) depositing by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the anodized subcoating to add a top-layer of a second material which is not corroded by materials that would corrode the underlying metal article, such that the entire surface is covered by the second material including the walls down to the bottom of the irregular branched pores even when they are long and narrow and have a complicated 3D geometry but without closing or corking the pore's openings to protect from dissolving the underlying anodised layer by preventing materials that would otherwise corrode the underlying metal article from reaching the underlying metal article. | 2,764 |
9,494,784 | 1. A three-dimensional direction drift control apparatus, comprising: an objective lens; a light source that irradiates an illumination light onto a sample or a holding member via the objective lens; a first light receiving unit that receives, via the objective lens, a regular reflection light regularly reflected on the sample or the holding member irradiated by the illumination light and obtains a first electronic signal by performing photoelectric conversion on the regular reflection light; a first control unit that generates a first control signal which indicates a relative misalignment between the objective lens and the sample or the holding member in an optical axis direction, based on the first electronic signal obtained by the first light receiving unit receiving the regular reflection light, and controls for focal position in an optical axis direction of the objective lens; a second light receiving unit that receives, via the objective lens, scattered light generated by the illumination light irradiating onto the sample or the holding member at a first and a second times and obtains a second electronic signal by performing photoelectric conversion on the scattered light received at the first and the second times; and a second control unit that generates a second control signal which indicates a relative misalignment between the objective lens and the sample or the holding member in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, based on the second electronic signal obtained by the second light receiving unit receiving the scattered light, by performing pattern matching by comparing the scattered light received at the first time to the scattered light received at the second time, and controls a clamp of an observation position in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction. | 20,134 |
8,927,073 | 1. A recording media, comprising: a raw base; an image side of the recording media having a pigmented pre-coating layer and a non-polyolefin barrier coating on the raw base; and a backside of the recording media having a polymeric barrier layer on the raw base, wherein the polymeric barrier layer is an extruded polyolefin film selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polybutylene, and mixtures thereof; wherein the polymeric barrier layer is biaxially oriented. | 20,812 |
8,786,705 | 1. A data transmission system, comprising: a trackside transmitting and/or receiving device located at a platform; and a vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device having at least one vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving element fitted in an area of a rail vehicle door of a rail-vehicle, said vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device covered by the rail vehicle door when the door is in a closed state, and said vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device not covered by the rail vehicle door when the rail vehicle door is open to enable communication between said vehicle-side transmitting and/or receiving device and said trackside transmitting and/or receiving device only when the rail-vehicle is stopped at the platform. | 16,660 |
9,173,010 | 1. An active television apparatus to extract on-demand television product placement advertisement contact information by a television viewer comprising: (a) a television receiver in said active television apparatus for receiving a television picture signal having a television product placement advertisement embedded therein, wherein said television product placement advertisement contact information embedded in a page of teletext data in said television picture signal, (b) a data acquisition circuit for acquiring said page of teletext data in said television picture signal, (c) a first memory in said active television apparatus for storing simultaneously a plurality of said teletext product placement advertisement contact data block, (d) a second memory in said active television apparatus for storing simultaneously a plurality of said other teletext data block, (e) a first display in said active television apparatus for generating images representative of selected portions by said television viewer of said teletext product placement advertisement contact data block, (f) a first block selection for selecting by said television viewer said teletext product placement advertisement contact data block for display by said television viewer on said first display in said active television apparatus, (g) a first wireless transceiver circuit in said active television apparatus for (1) transmitting said teletext product placement advertisement contact data block to a remote control device upon receiving a request signal from said remote control device for said first block selection of said television product placement advertisement, and for (h) a second block selection for selecting by said television viewer said teletext product placement advertisement contact data block for display by said television viewer on a second display on said remote control device, (i) a third block selection for selecting by said television viewer said teletext product placement advertisement contact data block for transmission to said remote control device from said first memory, and (j) a microcontroller in said active television apparatus coupled to said first memory, said second memory, said first display, said first block selection, said second block selection, said third block selection, and said first wireless transmitter circuit, and | 27,999 |
9,103,713 | 1. A optical hydrophone comprising: an active optical fiber element with Bragg gratings inscribed in the active optical fiber element forming the laser cavity; a mechanical structure forming a cavity filled with a fluid, and inside which the active optical fiber element is placed along a longitudinal axis of the cavity, the mechanical structure comprising: | 38,942 |
8,666,962 | 1. A computer-implemented method of providing speculative search results, comprising: receiving, at a search engine, over a network from a client node, a not-yet-submitted search query provided by a user; in response to receiving at the search engine, from the client node the not-yet-submitted search query, determining, at the search engine, whether the not-yet-submitted search query meets a criterion for initiating a speculative search for items that satisfy the not-yet-submitted search query; in response to determining, at the search engine, that the not-yet-submitted search query does not meet the criterion, waiting for additional input from the client node without initiating the speculative search for items that satisfy the not-yet-submitted search query; receiving, at the search engine, over the network, from the client node, an updated not-yet-submitted search query that comprises the not-yet-submitted search query and one or more additional characters; in response to receiving, at the search engine, from the client node, the updated not-yet-submitted search query, determining, at the search engine, whether the updated not-yet-submitted search query meets the criterion for initiating a speculative search for items that satisfy the updated not-yet-submitted search query; in response to determining, at the search engine, that the updated not-yet-submitted search query meets the criterion, performing, at the search engine, the speculative search for items that satisfy said updated not-yet-submitted search query prior to receiving, from said client node, an indication that said updated not-yet-submitted search query is completely formed; providing, from the search engine, to said client node, information about at least one item, found by the speculative search, that satisfies said updated not-yet submitted search query; wherein the at least one item, found by the speculative search, includes at least one of (a) a web page, (b) a graphic, or (c) textual information; wherein the method is performed by one or more computing devices. | 26,452 |
8,823,195 | 1. A hydro electric energy generation structure adapted for installation in a hydraulic reservoir, the structure comprising: a gravity wall forming an outer perimeter of said structure, wherein said gravity wall comprises a first section inclined towards the center of said structure and adapted to bear on a floor of said hydraulic reservoir and extend above an upper water level of said hydraulic reservoir, and a second section adapted for installation extending below the floor of said hydraulic reservoir; at least one water inlet situated in said first section of said gravity wall hydraulically connected to a first penstock for delivering water from said reservoir to a first turbine generator situated below said water inlet and thereafter to a first tailrace; at least one lower water storage reservoir situated below said first tailrace and within said perimeter of said gravity wall, for receiving water from said first turbine generator; at least one pump hydraulically connected to said lower water storage reservoir for receiving water from said lower water storage reservoir; at least one pump delivery conduit hydraulically connected to said pump; at least one upper water storage reservoir situated and supported above said gravity wall and hydraulically connected to said pump delivery conduit for receiving water from said pump; at least one second penstock hydraulically connected to said upper water storage reservoir for delivering water from said upper water storage reservoir to a second turbine generator situated below said upper water storage reservoir and above said water inlet. | 13,307 |
9,705,408 | 1. A method for entering and exiting a low power sleep mode in a power converter, said method comprising the steps of: providing a primary-side energy storage circuit comprising providing a secondary-side energy storage circuit comprising coupling the primary-side and secondary-side energy storage circuits through the transformer; controlling the power switch, during start-up, with the primary-side start-up controller until an operating voltage on the secondary-side energy storage capacitor reaches a desired value; and entering into a low power sleep mode, wherein the primary-side and secondary-side circuitry, in a low IQ mode, operates from energy stored in their respective energy storage capacitors, wherein when a respective voltage on either one of the energy storage capacitors is less than or equal to respective low voltage limits then either the primary-side start-up controller can wake itself or the secondary-side controller can wake itself and can wake the primary-side start-up controller, whereby the primary and secondary energy storage capacitors are charged until both respective voltages are greater than their respective low voltage limits, wherein the secondary-side controller raises a voltage on the secondary-side energy storage capacitor before going into the low power sleep mode and when the voltage on the secondary-side energy storage capacitor rises, a voltage on the primary-side energy storage capacitor also rises, wherein the primary-side start-up controller detects this rise in voltage on the primary-side energy storage capacitor and thereby goes into the low power sleep mode. | 45,067 |
9,732,735 | 1. An apparatus for raising water, the apparatus comprising: at least one container movable between at least a descended position and a ascended position within a body of water; a non-water-permeable membrane positioned within the at least one container, wherein the membrane is movable within an interior compartment of the at least one container to separate the interior compartment into at least a first and a second portion; at least one vent structure within a wall of the at least one container, wherein movement of the membrane controls a flow of water through the at least one vent structure and into at least one of the first and second portions; a trough positioned proximate to a surface of the body of water, wherein the at least one container is movably engagable to an angled protrusion of the trough, wherein a quantity of water within the at least one container is expelled from the at least one container into the trough while the at least one container moves past the trough; and a seal formed from an expandable sack and positioned between the at least one container and the angled protrusion of the trough. | 22,818 |
8,766,088 | 1. A photovoltaic device, comprising: a copper-doped molybdenum contact layer in direct contact with a semiconductor absorber layer, wherein the doped contact layer comprises a copper concentration of about 0.1% to about 10%, wherein the semiconductor absorber layer comprises a cadmium telluride layer. | 18,426 |
8,721,733 | 1. A sleeve for use in a prosthetic joint system, the sleeve comprising: first and second ends, an axial length between the first and second ends, a terraced portion, a fin and an inner wall defining a channel extending between the first and second ends, the channel having a central longitudinal axis; the terraced portion including a plurality of adjacent terraces, each terrace having an outer edge around its perimeter, the outer edge of each terrace lying in a plane substantially perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the channel; and the fin including a pair of outer surfaces spaced from each other at a first distance nearest the first end of the sleeve and a second smaller distance nearest the second end of the sleeve to define a wedge shape; wherein: the outer surfaces of the fin are continuous and non-terraced; the fin has a fin edge connecting the outer surfaces of the fin, the fin edge being spaced from the terraced portion of the sleeve; the planes of the outer edges of the terraces are substantially perpendicular to a plane through the fin edge; the planes of the outer edges of a plurality of the terraces extend through the fin edge; the fin edge tapers toward the central longitudinal axis of the channel so that a first distance between the central longitudinal axis and the fin edge nearest the second end of the sleeve is less than a second greater distance between the central longitudinal axis and the fin edge nearest the first end of the sleeve; and the outer surfaces of the fin taper toward the fin edge and toward the second end of the sleeve. | 7,483 |
9,736,669 | 1. A method of providing vehicle services using a vehicle and a mobile communications device, comprising the steps of: (a) receiving at a vehicle a wireless communication sent from an interface device physically attached to the mobile communications device, wherein the interface device comprises a housing shaped to closely conform to exterior contours of the mobile communications device so that the housing forms a protective shell around the mobile communications device, and wherein the interface device is physically joined with the mobile communications device in a mating engagement that creates a combined integrated unit that is carried by a vehicle user; (b) linking the interface device with one or more vehicle modules; (c) determining that the combined integrated unit is within a predetermined distance from the vehicle; (d) automatically establishing a communication session between the combined integrated unit and the vehicle via an application residing in the mobile communications device when the combined integrated unit is within the predetermined distance from the vehicle; and (e) communicating between one or more vehicle modules and the mobile communicating device contained in the combined integrated unit. | 17,678 |
9,334,846 | 1. An engine system, comprising: a first group of cylinders on a first engine bank; a second group of cylinders on a second engine bank; a fuel injector coupled to each engine cylinder, a spark plug coupled to each engine cylinder; and a controller with computer readable instructions stored on non-transitory memory for: | 2,803 |
8,370,936 | 1. A method comprising: receiving, at a network device, a plurality of packets; inspecting, by the network device, the plurality of packets to determine whether the plurality of packets includes information indicative of a security breach, inspecting the plurality of packets including: dropping, by the network device, at least one packet of the plurality of packets when the at least one packet includes the information indicative of the security breach; and forwarding, by the network device, the at least one packet when the at least one packet does not include the information indicative of the security breach. | 17,363 |
9,490,743 | 1. A solar module assembly comprising: a solar module comprising: a grounding clip comprising: a rail coupled to the frame of the solar module to support the solar module, the rail including a tab integrally formed on a surface of the rail and defined by a cutout extending through the surface of the rail, the tab sized and shaped to support and position at least one electrical wire, the tab including a deformation location coupled to the rail. | 36,168 |
9,031,685 | 1. An apparatus comprising: a vacuum chamber body having a contiguous internal volume comprised of a first deposition region spaced-apart from a second deposition region, the chamber body having a feature operable to minimize intermixing of gases between the first and the second deposition regions; a first gas port formed in the chamber body and positioned to pulse gas preferentially to the first deposition region to enable a first deposition process to be performed in the first deposition region; and a second gas port formed in the chamber body and positioned to pulse gas preferentially to the second deposition region to enable a second deposition process to be performed in the second deposition region, wherein the feature operable to minimize intermixing of gases between the first deposition region and the second deposition region comprises an inert gas flow. | 38,888 |
9,403,920 | 1. A supported catalyst system comprising a coprecipitated silica- and titania-containing support comprising an alumoxane and at least one metallocene, wherein the supported catalyst system has a Ti content of from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt %, and wherein the alumoxane is deposited on the coprecipitated silica- and titania-containing support. | 32,174 |
9,182,148 | 1. A solar thermal power system comprising: a heat sink; a thermogenerator having a hot side; a solar circuit containing a heat-transfer medium; at least one heat exchanger arranged on the hot side of the thermogenerator; a collector connected to the heat sink by the solar circuit, the heat sink configured to receive thermal energy from the collector via the heat-transfer medium in the solar circuit; a valve control system configured to selectively connect for a period of time the solar circuit to the at least one heat exchanger arranged on the hot side of the thermogenerator, so that the hot side of the thermogenerator receives an incoming heat flow from the at least one heat exchanger for the period of time, whereby heat from the collector is selectively transferred to the heat sink or the at least one heat exchanger; and thermal insulation arranged between the collector and the at least one heat exchanger configured to reduce an exchange of thermal energy between the collector and the at least one heat exchanger, wherein the thermal insulation is affixed to a side of the collector. | 26,757 |
9,373,731 | 1. A method of forming an electrical contact for a solar cell device, the method comprising: a) depositing polymer lines on a surface of the solar cell device; b) forming a metal layer over the polymer lines and the surface of the device; c) performing a process to lift-off portions of the metal layer formed over the polymer lines to form a plurality of isolated regions in the metal layer; and d) selectively anodizing the isolated regions of the metal layer to provide at least one insulating region and at least one metal region, whereby the at least one metal region forms the electrical contact of the solar cell device. | 35,592 |
9,471,521 | 1. A communication system to interface a plurality of transmission circuits with an interconnection network, wherein each transmission circuit is configured to generate only read requests, only write requests or both read requests and write requests, said communication system comprising: a first communication circuit, distinct from the interconnection network, the first communication circuit configured to operate independently from a communication protocol of the interconnection network, said first communication circuit comprising: a) for each transmission circuit, a communication interface configured to receive said read requests, write requests, or read and write requests from its respective transmission circuit; b) a segmentation circuit configured to divide said read requests, write requests, or read and write requests received from said plurality of transmission circuits into transfer segments; c) an interleaving circuit configured to interleave said transfer segments into a series of segments; d) an arbitration circuit associated with said interleaving circuit, the arbitration circuit configured to select transfer segments from said segmentation circuit based on a scheduling method; and a second communication circuit, distinct from the interconnection network and coupled between the first communication circuit and the interconnection network, the second communication circuit configured to convert said series of segments into data packets that conform to the communication protocol of said interconnection network, the second communication circuit further configured to transmit said data packets to said interconnection network. | 33,268 |
9,448,855 | 1. A method implemented using a client terminal, the method comprising: determining, by the client terminal, whether a present time belongs to a predetermined time period; determining, by the client terminal, whether the client terminal is possible to utilize the Internet for free within a wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) zone when the present time belongs to the predetermined time period; determining, by the client terminal, whether the client terminal is in a recharging state when the client terminal is possible to utilize the Internet for free within the Wi-Fi zone; receiving, by the client terminal, data by accessing a server via the Internet for free to execute a cloud computing task when the client terminal is in the recharging state; analyzing, by the client terminal, the received data; transmitting, by the client terminal, a result of the analyzed data to the server; determining, by the client terminal, whether a threshold time is reached; terminating, by the client terminal, the cloud computing task when the threshold time is reached; and maintaining, by the client terminal, the cloud computing task when the threshold time is not reached, wherein the client terminal does not execute the cloud computing task when the client terminal is out of the Wi-Fi zone, wherein the cloud computing task is performed by the client terminal and shared with at least one other terminal by enabling the client terminal to connect with the at least one other terminal in parallel, and wherein the threshold time is associated with the execution time of the cloud computing task. | 19,883 |
8,444,046 | 1. A carton, comprising: a plurality of panels forming an interior space of the carton, the plurality of panels comprises a first side panel, at least one top panel, a second side panel, and at least one bottom panel; an exiting end panel closing the interior space of the carton at an end of the carton; a dispenser pattern defining a dispenser having a bottom door extending across the exiting end panel, wherein the dispenser pattern comprises a plurality of tear lines that define a removable portion, the removable portion comprising at least a portion of the exiting end panel, the top panel, and at least one of the first side panel and the second side panel, and wherein the dispenser pattern further comprises the first line, the second line and the pivot line enabling pivoting of the bottom door about the pivot line. | 23,629 |
9,085,548 | 1. A pseudorotaxane complex comprising: a host molecule having a macrocycle structure comprising at least a binding unit and an aromatic linking spacer, wherein the binding unit is oligo(ethylene glycol); a guest molecule having at least a recognition moiety, wherein the recognition moiety is a urea group, a carbamate group, an amide group, an oligo(ethylene glycol) group or a 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine group; and a metal ion, wherein the metal ion coordinates to the binding unit of the host molecule and the recognition moiety of the guest molecule. | 31,900 |
9,072,745 | 1. A method of secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in a subject diagnosed as grade II or grade III angina pectoris by the Canadian Cardiovascular Society, said method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a Chinese medicine composition comprising Radix salvia Miltiorrhiza and Radix Notoginseng extract and Borneol , wherein the weight ratio of the Radix salvia Miltiorrhiza and Radix Notoginseng extract to the Borneol is (8-15):1, and wherein weight of Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Radix Notoginseng extract is the dry weight, and wherein said Radix salvia Miltiorrhiza and Radix Notoginseng extract is prepared by extracting Radix salvia Miltiorrhiza and Radix Notoginseng simultaneously. | 14,321 |
8,576,320 | 1. A method of controlling a digital photographing apparatus comprising a back display unit on a back surface thereof and a front display unit on a front surface thereof in proximity to a lens inputting an optical signal, the method comprising: setting a self photographing mode; generating countdown information for self photographing; determining a subject distance, and comparing the subject distance to a reference distance; when the subject distance is shorter than the reference distance, displaying on the front display unit the countdown information in a first format along with a captured image based on the optical signal, wherein the first format comprises a letter or a number having a first size; and when the subject distance is longer than the reference distance, displaying on the front display unit the countdown information alone in a second format, wherein the second format comprises a letter or a number having a second size that is larger than the first size. | 5,630 |
8,573,362 | 1. An application device for lubricating a motorcycle chain drive including a sprocket wheel, a drive sprocket, a chain, and a swing arm, the application device comprising: a rail device coupled to the swing arm such that the rail device does not rotate relative to the swing arm, the rail device including a contact region that extends in a longitudinal direction of the rail device, does not rotate, and contacts the chain, the contact region including a flat sub-region and a convex sub-region, each contact sub-region aligned and extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein at least the contact region is formed of a consumable solid lubricant that is applied to the chain, and wherein a contact region length extends in a direction parallel with the longitudinal direction of the rail device, the contact region length longer than a contact region width defined transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rail device. | 16,229 |
8,534,547 | 1. A method comprising: (a) operating at least one computer of an automated banking machine to cause to be sent to at least one remote computer, status data corresponding to at least one condition of at least one device of the machine, (b) operating the at least one computer to receive from the at least one remote computer, analysis information that is based on analysis of the status data sent in (a); (c) operating at least one computer to cause the information received in (b) to be stored in the at least one data store; (d) subsequent to (c), operating the at least one computer to receive through the at least one input device, at least one input from a service entity located at the machine, (e) operating the at least one computer responsive at least in part to the at least one input received in (d), to cause the information stored in (c) to be output to the service entity, | 33,489 |
9,789,773 | 1. A power conversion apparatus comprising: a switching element that is driven to step down a voltage of a first battery for running an electric vehicle, the stepped-down voltage being supplied to a second battery and a plurality of loads; a switching control unit that controls drive of the switching element; a load monitoring unit that detects existence or non-existence of a start-up manipulation of a predetermined target load in the loads; a charge detection unit that detects existence or non-existence of a charge and a charge method of the first battery; a mode setting unit that sets a supply operating mode of the power conversion apparatus to a second mode whose consumption power is less than that of a first mode during the charge of the first battery, and changes the second mode to the first mode when the load monitoring unit detects the start-up manipulation of the target load while the supply operating mode is set to the second mode; and a control-cycle control unit that lengthens a control cycle of the power conversion apparatus compared with the first mode when the supply operating mode is set to the second mode. | 35,808 |
9,266,798 | 1. A fuel produced by the methods, comprising: hydrogenating at least one acyclic monoterpene alcohol with at least one transition metal hydrogenation catalyst to produce a fully saturated monoterpene alcohol tetrahydrolinalool (THL); dehydrating said tetrahydrolinalool (THL) with at least one acid catalyst and azeotropic distillation and recovering benzene to produce 3,7-dimethyloctene isomers; acid catalyzing reaction of said 3,7-dimethyloctene isomers and recovering benzene; hydrogenating said 3,7-dimethyloctene isomers with at least one transition metal catalyst to produce a mixture of 2,6-dimethyloctane (DMO), dimers (C distillation isolating said 2,6-dimethyloctane (DMO), dimers (C leaving said distillation pot residue (C | 18,883 |
8,768,188 | 1. An image forming apparatus comprising: an image forming unit configured to form a toner image; a first detection unit configured to detect a height of the toner image and output height information; a second detection unit configured to detect a density of the toner image; a storage unit configured to store data for converting height information to density information; a determination unit configured to convert the height information detected by the first detection unit to the density information based on the stored data and determine an image forming condition of the image forming unit based on the converted density information; and an updating unit configured to, in an updating mode for updating the stored data, update the stored data based on the height information of a patch toner image, which is formed by the image forming unit, being output by the first detection unit and a density of the patch toner image detected by the second detection unit. | 48,666 |
9,376,635 | 1. A method of extracting and upgrading carbonaceous material, comprising the steps of: contacting a specimen of carbonaceous material with a supercritical fluid, a catalyst comprising a support selected from the group consisting of carbon and aluminum oxide and comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Mo, W, Ru, Pd, Ir and Pt, and a source of hydrogen comprising hydrogen gas to form a reaction mixture; maintaining said specimen of carbonaceous material with said supercritical fluid, said catalyst and said source of hydrogen in said reaction mixture at a temperature of 200° C. or less for a reaction time of at least 30 minutes; and recovering extracted hydrocarbon from said reaction mixture. | 47,793 |
9,301,125 | 1. A communication apparatus boarding on a vehicle, comprising: a processor; a first communicator configured to communicate with a base station on a mobile communication network; a second communicator configured to communicate with a mobile terminal boarding on the vehicle and configured to communicate with the first communicator; a controller configured to substitute a communication for the mobile terminal that communicates with the base station on the mobile communication network, the controller controlling the first communicator to receive data from the base station within a communication area of the mobile communication network, the controller controlling the second communicator to transfer the data received by the first communicator to the mobile terminal, and the controller causing the first communicator to receive a communication request from the base station to the mobile terminal; an informing unit, when the first communicator receives the communication request, informs the mobile terminal, by the second communicator, of base station information identifying the base station; a terminating unit terminates execution of the communication function by the controller, when the mobile terminal is informed of the base station information by the informing unit; and a request receiving unit that receives by the second communicator and from the mobile terminal, a termination request requesting termination of the execution of the communication function, wherein the informing unit, when a termination request is received by the request receiving unit, informs, by the second communicator, the mobile terminal of base station information that identifies the base station, and the terminating unit terminates the execution of the communication function by the control unit, when the mobile terminal is informed of the base station information by the informing unit. | 22,382 |
9,693,423 | 1. A metal-based particle assembly film-layered substrate comprising: a substrate; and a film composed of a metal-based particle assembly layered on said substrate, the metal-based particle assembly comprising 17500 or more metal-based particles separated from each other and disposed in two dimensions, said metal-based particles having an average particle diameter in a range of from 200 to 1600 nm, an average height in a range of from 55 to 500 nm, and an aspect ratio, as defined by a ratio of said average particle diameter to said average height, in a range of from 1 to 8, wherein said metal-based particles are disposed such that an average distance between adjacent metal-based particles is in a range of from 1 to 150 nm, and wherein the metal-based particle assembly film-layered substrate having in an absorption spectrum for a visible light region a maximum wavelength of a peak at a longest side in wavelength, the maximum wavelength being in a range of from 350 to 550 nm, and the substrate is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of an inorganic insulating material selected from SiO | 23,167 |
9,063,137 | 1. In a lateral flow assay for detecting a plurality of analytes in a solution, an assay comprising: (a) a test solution having a first set of binders and a second set of binders distinct from the first set of binders, each set of binders configured for generating a detectable signal, wherein binders from the first set combine with a beta-lactam from the solution, when present, to form a binder-beta-lactam complex and binders from the second set combine with an aflatoxin, when present, to form a binder-aflatoxin complex, and wherein a test solution contains a combination of one or more binders from each set, a binder-beta-lactam complex, and a binder-aflatoxin complex; (b) a test strip configured to allow the test solution to flow, the test strip comprising: wherein capture of a binder at either of the test zones or the control zone results in a detectable signal and wherein a greater signal in the control zone as compared to any one of the test zones indicates a positive result. | 12,300 |
8,512,973 | 1. A method for stereoselectively reducing a 2′,6′-substituted acetophenone substrate, optionally substituted at one or more positions selected from the group consisting of 3′, 4′, and 5′, to the corresponding substituted (S)-1-phenethanol, which comprises contacting the substrate with an engineered ketoreductase polypeptide under reaction conditions suitable for stereoselectively reducing or converting the substrate to the corresponding substituted (S)-1-phenethanol product, wherein the engineered ketoreductase polypeptide: (a) comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the reference sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, 4, or 98; (b) comprises an alanine, proline, or cysteine residue at a position corresponding to position 190 of SEQ ID NO: 2, 4, or 98; and (c) is capable of stereoselectively reducing acetophenone to (S)-1-phenethanol. | 20,749 |
9,840,428 | 1. A system for treating and recycling rainwater, the system comprising: a) at least three constructed wetlands, each of the at least three constructed wetlands comprising a coarse gravel layer, a fine gravel layer, a soil layer, wetland plants, a first slope, and a second slope; the soil layer comprising a top, a first side, and a second side; the first slope comprising a first top; the second slope comprising a second top; and the coarse gravel layer, the fine gravel layer, the soil layer, and the wetland plants being consecutively arranged from bottom to top; b) intermediate overflow pipes; each of the intermediate overflow pipes comprising a water inlet and a water outlet; c) a last overflow pipe; d) connecting pipes; e) perforated water collecting pipes; f) a water outlet pipe; g) a perforated vertical pipe comprising a plurality of through holes; and h) a perforated horizontal pipe comprising a water outlet; wherein: the at least three constructed wetlands are disposed along a sloped surface; the first side is opposite to the second side; the first slope is connected to the first side; the second slope is connected to the second side; the first slope and the top of the soil layer form a first obtuse angle; the top of the soil layer and the second slope form a second obtuse angle; the first slope is disposed upstream of the second slope; the first top of the first slope is higher than the second top of the second slope; the second top of the second slope is higher than the top of the soil layer; each of the intermediate overflow pipes is disposed between every two adjacent constructed wetlands of the at least three constructed wetlands; the water inlet of each of the intermediate overflow pipes is connected to the second top of the second slope of an upstream constructed wetland of the at least three constructed wetlands; the water outlet of each of the intermediate overflow pipes is connected to the first top of the first slope of a downstream constructed wetland of the at least three constructed wetlands; the last overflow pipe communicates with a municipal rainwater pipe; the coarse gravel layers of every two adjacent constructed wetlands of the at least three constructed wetlands are connected by the connecting pipes; the perforated water collecting pipes are disposed at front ends of the connecting pipes; the water outlet pipe is disposed in a bottom part of the coarse gravel layer of a last constructed wetland of the at least three constructed wetlands and is connected to a clean water reservoir; the perforated vertical pipe and the perforated horizontal pipe are both disposed in each of the at least three constructed wetlands; the perforated vertical pipe is extended from the soil layer for between 25 and 30 cm; the plurality of through holes is located inside the coarse gravel layer; a bottom part of the perforated vertical pipe communicates with the perforated horizontal pipe; and the water outlet of the perforated horizontal pipe is connected to the coarse gravel layer for transporting the rainwater from the perforated horizontal pipe to the coarse gravel layer. | 12,074 |
9,734,121 | 1. A method performed in a data communication interface, comprising: transmitting a first command to a plurality of devices coupled to a serial bus while the serial bus is operated in a first mode of operation, wherein the first command is transmitted in accordance with a first protocol to cause the serial bus to be operated in a second mode of operation; communicating with a first device of the plurality of devices in accordance with a second protocol while the serial bus is operated in the second mode of operation; and transmitting a second command to the plurality of devices in accordance with the first protocol to terminate the second mode of operation, wherein communicating with the first device includes: wherein the undesired signaling condition relates to a synchronization or start condition defined by a protocol other than the second protocol. | 49,399 |
8,433,574 | 1. A method comprising: receiving a selection of an application at a device; receiving an audio input at the device; transmitting, to a server: receiving an identifier of the audio input from the server; transmitting, to the server: receiving, from the server, the requested speech recognition results for the audio input, wherein the requested speech recognition results were generated using a speech recognition technique associated with the selected application; and processing at least a portion of the requested speech recognition results with the selected application. | 10,461 |
8,799,436 | 1. A method for auditing and verifying configuration items (CIs) in an information technology (IT) configuration management database (CMDB) comprising the steps of: identifying which configuration item (CI) types should be part of an audit; defining link rules to link an authorized CI type stored in a CMDB to an actual CI type that is part of an IT infrastructure; retrieving all authorized CI instances of said identified CI types from said CMDB; retrieving all actual CI instances of said identified CI types from a discovery upload of a current IT environment; normalizing the actual CI instances; comparing the normalized actual CI instances to corresponding authorized CI instances to detect variances between the normalized actual CI instances and the corresponding authorized CI instances; and taking remedial action when variances are discovered. | 18,107 |
8,859,150 | 1. A proton-conducting polymer membrane based on polyazoles and further containing organic phosphonic anhydride, and partial hydrolysis products of the organic phosphonic anhydride which can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of: A) dissolving the polyazole polymer in organic phosphonic anhydrides with formation of a solution and/or dispersion, B) heating the solution obtainable in accordance with step A) under inert gas to temperatures of up to 400° C., C) forming a membrane using the solution of the polyazole polymer in accordance with step B) on a support and D) treating the membrane formed in step C) in the presence of moisture at temperatures and for a period of time until the membrane is self-supporting and can be detached from the support without any damage and wherein in step A), said organic phosphonic anhydrides are of the formula (1), (2) or (3) and said partial hydrolysis products of the organic phosphonic anhydride are the partial hydrolysis products of the organic phosphonic anhydride of the formulas (1), (2) or (3), wherein: formula (1) is of the formula formula (2) is a linear compound of the formula and formula (3) is an anhydride of the multiple organic phosphonic acids of the formula wherein the radicals R and R′ are identical or different and represent a C C C where one or more of the C | 48,468 |
9,678,488 | 1. A computer-implemented method for verifying proper installation of equipment systems in a vehicle designed to be assembled in multiple build stages, the method comprising: retrieving a data structure describing a build plan for assembling the vehicle, wherein the build plan comprises a plurality of build stages, and wherein the build plan specifies, for each of the plurality of build stages, a respective plurality of prerequisite equipment systems to be installed in the vehicle during the build stage; determining a current build stage, of the plurality of build stages, of one or more partially constructed vehicle portions of the vehicle; determining a set of prerequisite equipment systems to be installed in the one or more partially constructed vehicle portions, corresponding to the current build stage; determining one or more equipment systems that have been installed in the one or more partially constructed vehicle portions during the current build stage, based on build state information for the one or more partially constructed vehicle portions; determining one or more diagnostic tests that are configured to test for a predefined electrical connectivity of the one or more equipment systems; emulating, by operation of one or more non-transitory computer processors, data communications, over a data communications network, from one or more prerequisite equipment systems not yet installed in the one or more partially constructed vehicle portions, during the current build stage; initiating the one or more diagnostic tests, during the current build stage, using the emulated data communications from the one or more prerequisite equipment systems, to determine whether the one or more equipment systems are correctly installed in the vehicle, without requiring the one or more prerequisite equipment systems to be physically installed in the one or more partially constructed vehicle portions; and upon determining that the one or more systems are incorrectly installed, based on a failure of a first one of the one or more diagnostic tests, facilitating a correction of the failure of the first diagnostic test. | 25,662 |
9,589,293 | 1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: determining, by a computer system associated with an electronic marketplace, a relationship between a parent item and a member item offered at the electronic marketplace, the relationship describing a relationship type between the parent item and the member item, the parent item associated with a first data structure that describes the parent item, the member item associated with a second data structure that describes the member item, and the relationship determined by at least: updating, by the computer system, a data model comprising the first data structure and the second data structure by at least updating the first data structure and the second data structure based at least in part on the relationship, the first data structure updated to also describe the relationship type with the member item and to identify the second data structure, the second data structure updated to describe the relationship type with the parent item and to identify the first data structure; receiving a search request associated with the parent item; identifying the parent item based at least in part on a match between the search request and a description of the parent item from the first data structure; identifying, from the first data structure, the member item based at least in part on a description of the relationship type with the parent item in the first data structure; identifying, from the second data structure, a description of the member item based at least in part on an identifier of the second data structure in the first data structure; providing a search result based at least in part on the data model, the search result identifying the parent item in a first field and identifying the member item in a second field; and at least in response to receiving a selection of the second field, providing the description of the member item from the second data structure and a description of the relationship type with the parent item from the second data structure. | 24,806 |
8,948,636 | 1. An image forming apparatus comprising: a rotatable photosensitive member; a first charging roller for charging the photosensitive member; a second charging roller for charging the photosensitive member on the downstream side of the first charging roller in a rotation direction of the photosensitive member; a toner image forming unit disposed on the downstream side of the second charging roller in the rotation direction of the photosensitive member, the toner image forming unit forming a latent image on a surface of the photosensitive member which has been charged by using the first charging roller and the second charging roller, and developing the latent image by using toner so as to form a toner image; a first power supply that applies a changing voltage to the first charging roller, a voltage value of the changing voltage being made to change; a second power supply that applies a voltage obtained by superimposing an alternating voltage on a direct voltage, to the second charging roller; and control means for changing the changing voltage applied from the first power supply to the first charging roller in such a manner that a magnitude relationship between a potential of the photosensitive member which has been charged by using the first charging roller and which has reached a position at which the photosensitive member is charged by using the second charging roller, and the direct voltage applied to the second charging roller is alternately switched, when the photosensitive member is to be charged by using the first charging roller and the second charging roller to form a toner image, wherein, when the photosensitive member is to be charged by using the first charging roller and the second charging roller to form a toner image, the following relations are satisfied, where X (s) represents a time period for which the potential of the surface of the photosensitive member which has been charged by using the first charging roller and which has reached a position at which the photosensitive member is charged by using the second charging roller is less than the direct voltage applied to the second charging roller, Y (s) represents a time period for which the potential is more than the direct voltage, PS (mm/s) represents a peripheral velocity of the photosensitive member, and W (mm) represents a width of a contact portion between the second charging roller and the photosensitive member in the rotation direction of the photosensitive member, and wherein a sum of X and Y is larger than a period of the alternating voltage applied to the second charging roller. | 18,699 |
8,825,479 | 1. A method for recognizing emotion in a primary audio signal comprising: extracting, using a computer, an MFCC feature from the primary audio signal; dividing, using a computer, the MFCC feature into MFCC subsections; selecting, using a computer, a set of the MFCC subsections; sorting, using a computer, the set of MFCC subsections into a sorted set of MFCC subsections; selecting, using a computer, a first set of reference samples from a reference database; computing, using a computer, a first emotional state score from a comparison of the sorted set of MFCC subsections and the first set of reference samples; and, determining, using a computer, a probable emotional state for the primary audio signal from the first emotional state score. | 47,117 |
8,806,250 | 1. A method implemented by a computing device, the method comprising: determining by an operating system that network traffic associated with one or more applications of the computing device has completed; responsive to the determination, causing a network interface device to transition to a mode to reduce power consumption of the network interface device by the operating system and maintain an Internet Protocol (IP) address, by the operating system, while in the mode to reduce power consumption. | 10,390 |
9,690,468 | 1. A method of providing an interactive media presentation, the method comprising: by an electronic device associated with an embodier: | 12,034 |
8,788,823 | 1. A method comprising: applying an access control rule to a first message, wherein determining whether to perform one or more security actions, wherein performing a first security action for the first message, wherein selecting to unicast the first message instead of forwarding the first message normally, wherein updating a binding table entry in response to detecting the one or more protocol messages, wherein allocating an entry in the access control list to store access control information, wherein | 29,478 |
9,298,256 | 1. A method comprising: receiving, by a processor of a device, video data recorded by a camera; detecting, by the processor of the device, a movement in the video data corresponding to a selection of an object; during the movement, initiating, by the processor of the device, a search of an object-model database for one or more object models corresponding to the object; causing, by the processor of the device, a graphical interface to display information associated with object-models from the object-model database corresponding to results of the search; and causing the graphical interface to overlay the object with the object-models from the object-model database corresponding to results of the search, wherein the object-models are translucent such that the object is at least partially visible through the overlaid object-models. | 29,458 |
8,685,707 | 1. A plant for cultivating filamentous algae, comprising: an algae cultivation pond surrounded by a wall; a water inlet, for inserting water and nutrients into the algae cultivation pond, the water inlet being located at a first end of the algae cultivation pond; a gas inlet for injecting a carbon dioxide rich gas comprising more than 0.1% carbon dioxide into the algae cultivation pond or into water which is inserted into the algae cultivation pond; an overflow rim located at a second end of the algae cultivation pond, the overflow rim having a top which establishes a lowest point of the wall surrounding the algae cultivation pond; a conveyor system located adjacent to and underneath the overflow rim; and an exterior light sensor disposed outside of the algae cultivation pond and a submersed light sensor disposed within the algae cultivation pond, both the exterior light sensor and the submersed light sensor being operatively connected to a control system for controlling a water level in the algae cultivation pond, wherein the control system is configured to derive a harvest signal by comparing a first light intensity sensed by the exterior light sensor and a second light intensity sensed by the submersed light sensor, and wherein the control system is configured to normally maintain the water level in the algae cultivation pond below the overflow rim and to raise the water level in response to the harvest signal causing the algae slick in the algae cultivation pond to flow across the overflow rim and onto the conveyor system. | 7,984 |
9,181,883 | 1. A dual passage gaseous fuel carburetor having: a body ( a sliding drum ( a first passage ( a second passage ( a cut out ( flow area ( a variable venturi ( a fuel regulating needle ( at least one pressure regulating chamber ( a metering ( at least one pressure regulator, in which each of the pressure regulators comprise: | 19,641 |
8,874,081 | 1. A method for enabling communication services on a donor device, the method comprising: a mobile device of a device loser including a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) and an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI); a device loser holding a Mobile Subscriber Integrated Digital Network (MSISDN) number; at least one system server providing the functions of a Visitor Location Register in a telecommunications network; said device loser acquiring a donor device; said device loser authenticating himself with said system server wherein the authentication credentials comprise one or more of MSISDN, IMSI and secret key; said system server making an association between the MSISDN and IMSI of the device loser and the MSISDN and IMSI belonging to the mobile device lender using the donor device; said system server interacting with the HLR, VLR, MSC, GMSC and SMSC of the operator's network such that the mobile device loser may successfully utilise communication services on the donor device. | 37,266 |
9,784,008 | 1. A locking mechanism for a tent frame, the locking mechanism comprising: a puck body including a top plate located at an uppermost end, a base located at a lowermost end, and a flat locking plate located between the top plate and the base, the top plate including a central recess housing a knob arranged to engage and rotate the flat locking plate between a fully unlocked and a fully locked position, the top plate and base each including at least three leg receivers arranged about a perimeter, each leg receiver aligned with an opposing corresponding leg receiver of the top plate or the base, respectively; at least three leg connectors, each leg connector pivotally connected to a corresponding leg receiver of the base and arranged to move between a vertical position when the locking plate is in a fully unlocked position to a horizontal position when the locking plate is in the fully locked position, each leg connector when in the vertical and horizontal positions located entirely below the uppermost end of the puck body. | 10,639 |
9,738,931 | 1. A method, comprising: (a) extracting DNA comprising maternal and fetal DNA fragments from a substantially cell-free sample of blood plasma or blood serum of a pregnant human female; (b) producing a fraction of the DNA extracted in (a) by: wherein the DNA fraction after (b) comprises extracellular circulatory fetal and maternal DNA fragments of approximately 300 base pairs and less and a plurality of genetic loci of the extracellular circulatory fetal and maternal DNA fragments; and (c) analyzing DNA fragments in the fraction of DNA produced in (b). | 34,836 |
9,783,467 | 1. A process for treating an effluent gas stream arising from an operation that manufactures an olefin or an olefin derivative, said effluent gas stream comprising an olefin, a paraffin and a third gas, the process comprising the steps of: (a) compressing said effluent gas stream using a first compressor to produce a first compressed gas stream; (b) separating the first compressed stream gas stream using a first membrane to produce a first olefin-enriched permeate stream and a first olefin-depleted residue stream; (c) compressing the first olefin-enriched permeate stream using a second compressor to produce a second compressed gas stream; (d) partially condensing the second compressed stream, including cooling and separating the compressed stream into an uncondensed gas stream depleted in olefin and paraffin and a condensed liquid condensate enriched in olefin and paraffin; (e) separating the uncondensed gas stream using a second membrane to produce a second olefin-enriched permeate stream and a second olefin-depleted residue stream; and (f) returning the second olefin-enriched permeate stream upstream of the second compressor. | 6,243 |
9,368,983 | 1. An autonomous regulation method for a battery, the method comprising: sensing a voltage of the battery; comparing, with a processor, the voltage of the battery with a preset voltage for the battery; and selectively controlling a very low resistance non-electromagnetic actuator (NEA) switch which is a one-time switch to disconnect the battery from a bus circuit and, selectively controlling a low resistance relay switch to connect the battery to a dedicated charging circuit, when the processor determines that the voltage of the battery is below the preset voltage, | 20,869 |
8,747,408 | 1. A bone fastening instrument, comprising: a handle; a barrel assembly connected to the handle; a bridge assembly connected to the barrel assembly, wherein the bridge assembly is configured to receive and engage a first connector element, and wherein the bridge assembly is configured to receive and engage a second connector element in axial alignment with the first connector element so as to allow for receipt of a fastening element between the first and second connector elements; a control configured to, upon actuation, approximate the first connector element and the second connector element so as to apply compressive pressure to bone portions positioned between the first connector element and the second connector element; and a drive mechanism configured to advance the fastening element through the bone portions and connect the first connector element with the second connector element to fasten the bone portions under compression. | 48,843 |
8,593,961 | 1. A network element, comprising: an External Network to Network Interface to process a set of related PATH messages to enable co-routed Virtual Concatenation (VCAT) connections to be implemented over multiple physical links of a link bundle by: receiving a Reservation Protocol (RSVP) bundle message; determining that the RSVP bundle message relates to co-routed VCAT connections, the RSVP bundle message containing multiple PATH messages, each of the PATH messages being associated with one of the co-routed VCAT connections such that there is a one-to-one relationship between the PATH messages and the co-routed VCAT connections; determining whether it is necessary to expand a route for at least one of the PATH messages; and if it is necessary to expand the route, performing route expansion to obtain an expanded route object for the PATH message and inserting the expanded route object into each of the multiple PATH messages. | 20,815 |
8,470,094 | 1. Apparatus for continuous coating having a chamber wall, which forms a processing chamber, thermal insulation, which forms a processing area within said chamber, a transportation device for substrates located in the processing area with a substrate transportation direction of the substrates lying along a lengthwise extension of the apparatus for continuous coating, wherein the substrates overlie a substrate side of the transportation device and further including heating equipment which heats the substrate, and wherein a condensation element extending into the processing area, and trapping vapor by condensation, is located in the processing area, and wherein the condensation element comprises a cooling element connected with a cooling device, and the cooling device comprises a water-cooled cooling block. | 35,189 |
8,867,879 | 1. A single-mode optical fiber, comprising: a central core surrounded by an optical cladding, said central core having (i) an outer radius r an intermediate cladding positioned between said central core and said optical cladding, said intermediate cladding having an outer radius r a buried trench positioned between said intermediate cladding and said optical cladding, said buried trench having (i) an outer radius r wherein said buried trench's volume V wherein, at a wavelength of 1550 nanometers, the optical fiber has an effective area of about 150 μm | 40,748 |
8,560,103 | 1. A method for designing a sheet-metal-forming process for forming a sheet-metal part, the method being performed by a processor of a computing system, and comprising: receiving input parameters including at least one of a simulation parameter and a numerical model of a geometry of the part, performing a numerical simulation of the forming process by which the part is formed, based on the input parameters, and computing a local property variable associated with points of the part from results of the numerical simulation of the forming process; determining a plurality of problem zones of the sheet-metal part based on results of the numerical simulation of the forming process; generating a visual representation of the sheet-metal part from the numerical model of the geometry of the sheet-metal part and displaying the visual representation on a display device operatively coupled to the processor, wherein the visual representation comprises visual information that indicates a location of at least one of the plurality of problem zones on the sheet-metal part; and computing and displaying on the display device a visual representation of information associated with the at least one of the plurality of problem zones whose location is indicated, wherein the information associated with the plurality of problem zones comprises a status of at least one of the plurality of problem zones, the visual indication representing at least one of OK and NOT OK. | 16,324 |
8,521,294 | 1. A system for performing deep brain stimulation, the system comprising: an implantable electrode configured to measure a physiological parameter of a subject and deliver an electrical stimulation signal to a target area in the subject; a neurostimulator including: a memory device having stored thereon a healthy model characterizing healthy neuronal activity in the target area and a pathological model characterizing pathological neuronal activity in the target area; a controller in communication with the implantable electrode and the memory device and configured to analyze the measured physiological parameter using the healthy model and the pathological model to identify a corrective electrical stimulation signal that, when delivered by the implantable electrode to the target area, reduces pathological neuronal events in the target area, wherein the controller is further configured to identify the corrective electrical stimulation signal by minimizing a difference between: predicted pathological neuronal activity determined as an output of the pathological model using the measured physiological parameter as an input, and predicted healthy neuronal activity determined as an output of the healthy model using the measured physiological parameter as an input. | 31,785 |
9,154,554 | 1. A method for calibrating an activity monitoring system associated with a user, the method comprising: performing a first calibration to produce first modified calibration data, including: subsequently performing a second calibration to produce second modified calibration data including: | 38,467 |
9,696,715 | 1. A method for protecting at least two redundant servers, the redundant servers acting as main and shadow interfaces between respectively at least two redundant process servers coupled to a manufacturing execution system and at least two redundant control servers coupled to an automation part, which comprises the steps of: configuring each of the redundant servers to receive automation data from each of the redundant control servers; extracting a time of receipt and a tag from each of the automation data and registering times of receipt and tags in a database coupled with the redundant servers; and setting one of the redundant servers to function as the main interface and another one of the redundant servers to function as the shadow interface dependent on a time of receipt of the automation data, wherein the one of the redundant servers having the automating data with an older time of receipt is set to function as the main interface and the other one of the redundant servers is set to function as the shadow interface, if one of the tags is registered within a predefined delay after the time of receipt of the other tag. | 27,963 |
9,436,192 | 1. A converter comprising: a high side switch; a low side switch connected in series with the high side switch; a gate drive circuit comprising: | 48,520 |
8,655,310 | 1. A method of preventing identity theft, comprising: reading confidential information from a mobile terminal that is not in communication with the public wireless communication network; determining if the mobile terminal that is not in communication with the public wireless communication network has been reported lost; and disabling the release of the confidential information by the mobile terminal that is not in communication with the public wireless communication network when the mobile terminal is determined to have been reported lost by sending instructions to the mobile terminal without using the public wireless communication network, wherein the instructions are transmitted to the mobile terminal using near field communications technology, and wherein the mobile terminal executes the instructions to disable the release of the confidential information. | 8,647 |
9,018,664 | 1. A semiconductor device having a die shear strength of 13 to 55 MPa in which silver or silver oxide provided on a surface of a base and silver or silver oxide provided on a surface of a semiconductor element are directly bonded, wherein the semiconductor element includes a translucent inorganic substrate and a semiconductor layer formed on the translucent inorganic substrate, and the silver or silver oxide provided on the surface of the semiconductor element is located on the side of the semiconductor element opposite to the side on which the semiconductor layer is formed. | 40,578 |
9,851,427 | 1. A method to detect and filter large-caliber telescope non-linear interference, the method comprising the following steps: (1) determining if an oil pad interference is accomplished with one or both of an accelerometer method and an encoder method; wherein, the accelerometer sensor method includes: (1)-1. setting an accelerometer at a base of a telescope azimuth shaft; and setting an additional accelerometer at a gear oil diverter of an oil pad; (1)-2. inputting signals of the accelerometer and the additional accelerometer into an industrial personal computer via an AD adaptor card; (1)-3. wherein, when the oil pad is turned off and the telescope is static, measuring the signals of the accelerometer and the additional accelerometer and plotting an acceleration vs frequency curve; (1)-4. wherein, when the oil pad is turned on and the telescope is static, measuring the signals of the accelerometer and the additional accelerometer and plotting an acceleration vs frequency curve; (1)-5. obtaining the oil pad vibration interference frequency by comparing the acceleration vs. frequency curve of step (1)-3 and the acceleration vs. frequency curve of step (1)-4; wherein the encoder method includes: (2)-1. using a photoelectrical encoder as a position sensor on the telescope azimuth shaft; (2)-2. inputting a signal of the photoelectrical encoder into the industrial personal computer via a photoelectrical encoder acquisition card; (2)-3. measuring the signal from the photoelectrical encoder with the oil pad turned off and the telescope static, continuously sampling for a period of time, and plotting an encoder data curve and a FFT (fast Fourier transformation) curve; (2)-4. measuring the signal from the photoelectrical encoder with the oil pad turned on and the telescope static, continuously sampling for a period of time, and plotting an encoder data curve and a FFT curve; (2)-5. obtaining the oil pad vibration interference frequency by comparing the acceleration curve and the FFT (fast Fourier transformation) curve; (3) filtering the oil pad interference frequency: by using a NOTCH filter and setting a NOTCH frequency at the interference frequency obtained in step (1), the interference being filtered to improve performance of the telescope. | 27,718 |
9,284,950 | 1. A method for the installation of at least one sensor device within a rotor blade of a wind turbine, comprising: emission of a first substantially planar light beam in the interior of the rotor blade; emission of at least a second substantially planar light beam in the interior of the rotor blade; wherein the plane of the first planar light beam is oriented at a predetermined angle to the plane of the second planar light beam, and wherein the planes of the first and second planar light beams are aligned on a blade flange of the rotor blade; and alignment of the at least one sensor device in reference to the planar light beams. | 47,522 |
9,640,527 | 1. An electrostatic discharge protection device, comprising: a first trigger element, having a first parasitic bipolar junction transistor (BJT) formed in a substrate and electrically connected to an input/output pad; and a first silicon control rectifier (SCR) element, having a second parasitic BJT formed in the substrate; wherein the first parasitic BJT and the second parasitic BJT has a common parasitic bipolar base, and the first parasitic BJT has a trigger voltage substantially lower than that of the second parasitic BJT. | 31,201 |
8,845,991 | 1. A method of forming a silica-based product comprising: (a) providing a silica containing precursor (SCP) contained in solution that has a pH less than or equal to a pH of 7; (b) doping the SCP with one or more metal species, wherein said doping occurs when the solution has a pH less than or equal to a pH of 7; (c) adjusting the pH of the solution to greater than 7; (d) adding an effective amount of exogenous salt to the solution so that the conductivity of the solution is greater than or equal to 4 mS/cm, wherein said addition occurs after the pH adjustment in step 1c, wherein said addition results in a slurry of SCP; (e) optionally filtering and drying the SCP slurry; and (f) optionally reacting the dried product from step e with a functional group and optionally wherein the resultant functionalized dried product is at least one of the following; a functionalized metal oxide-doped or metal sulfide-doped silica product. | 9,155 |
9,628,110 | 1. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing therein an encoding program that causes a computer to execute a process comprising: registering, in a dynamic dictionary, strings in input text data that are not contained in a static dictionary; adding, to first hashed data obtained by individually N-dimensionally hashing words contained as registered items in the static dictionary, hashed data obtained by individually hashing strings registered in the dynamic dictionary; determining, by using the first hashed data, whether each input string has been registered in the static dictionary and whether the string has been registered in the dynamic dictionary; and in accordance with a result of the determining, performing encoding based on a content registered in the static dictionary or the dynamic dictionary. | 38,552 |
9,588,759 | 1. A method of providing supplemental functionalities to an executable program via an ontology instance, the method being implemented by a computer system comprising one or more processors executing one or more computer program instructions that, when executed, perform the method, the method comprising: causing an executable program associated with an ontology to be run, wherein the ontology comprises information indicating attributes for a set of applications; obtaining a domain-specific ontology, wherein the domain-specific ontology is within a domain of interest; obtaining an instance of the ontology, wherein the ontology instance is derived from the domain-specific ontology and comprises information indicating attributes for an application of the set of applications that is within the domain of interest; assigning a freeze to the ontology that disables further modification to the ontology; extracting axiom information from the frozen ontology; using the axiom information to generate a set of logic rules; using the set of logic rules to transform the ontology instance to generate application metadata for the executable program, wherein the application metadata defines one or more functionalities of the application; using the set of logic rules to validate the ontology instance, wherein the application metadata becomes read-only after the validation; and providing the application metadata as input to the executable program, wherein the application metadata, at least in part, causes the one or more functionalities of the application to be made available via the executable program, the executable program executing the one or more functionalities of the application using the definitions of the one or more functionalities in the application metadata, the executable program comprising a set of runtime rules that do not alter the application metadata. | 29,215 |
9,133,406 | 1. A method of producing a fatty acid ester, the method comprising: culturing a recombinant bacterium genetically engineered to express an exogenous ester synthase (EC 2.3.1.75) having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 18 and having an amino acid substitution at the residue corresponding to glycine 395 of SEQ ID NO: 18 in culture medium comprising a carbon source, under conditions effective to express the ester synthase, wherein said ester synthase has an increased enzymatic activity relative to that of SEQ ID NO: 18. | 43,102 |
8,372,044 | 1. An injection device, comprising: a plastic syringe comprising a proximal end, a distal end, and a plunger extending from the proximal end, the syringe comprising a body having a hollow cylindrical interior for receiving a medicine and the plunger, and a pair of rectangular longitudinal rails on opposite sides of the body, and a gripping member on the proximal end, the gripping member having slots on opposing sides of the body, a plastic guard slidably attached to the syringe and having a proximal end and a distal end, the guard being biased from a first position wherein the distal end of the syringe is exposed toward a second position wherein the guard covers the distal end of the syringe, the guard having an interior configuration for mating with the longitudinal rails of the syringe and being slideable thereon, cooperating detents on the syringe and guard for retaining the guard in the first position and in the second position, the cooperating detents including a first tab and a second tab formed on the body of the syringe adjacent the distal end and axially spaced from one another, a window longitudinally extending along the guard and a slot formed in the guard adjacent the proximal end of the guard in spaced relation with the window, wherein a cross-member defines a distal edge of the slot and a proximal edge of the window, the first tab engages the distal edge of the slot in the guard for limiting proximal motion of the guard when in the second position, the second tab engages a distal edge of the window for limiting proximal motion of the guard when in the first position and engages the proximal edge of the window for limiting distal movement of the guard when in the second position, wherein the cross-member interposes the first and second tabs when the guard is in the second position, and latch members extending proximally from the guard through the slots in the gripping member and having laterally extending flanges to engage a proximal end of the gripping member, the latch members having inwardly extending rounded fingers at a proximal end that are engageable by a rounded outer cam surface of a thumb pad of the plunger as the plunger is advanced into the syringe for moving the latch members to release the latch members from the gripping member whereupon the guard may slide toward the second position. | 30,454 |
9,408,744 | 1. A method comprising: identifying a set of capillaries on a human being, wherein the set of capillaries provide blood to a diseased inner organ within the human being; applying a wax mass to skin proximate to the set of capillaries, wherein the wax mass: maintaining the body temperature wax mass on the skin. | 20,410 |
9,460,264 | 1. A system in a healthcare facility, comprising: one or more input/output devices having a non-transitory signal bearing medium operable to receive at least one input regarding one or more characteristics of a subject in the healthcare facility, based on at least one sensor located in furniture or equipment configured to support the subject; compare the at least one input regarding the subject with a Characteristic Value dataset; generate a Characteristic Value from the at least one input regarding the subject based on the comparison with the Characteristic Value dataset; reinitiate receiving at least one input regarding one or more characteristics of the subject, comparing at least one input with a Characteristic Value dataset, and generating a Characteristic Value from the at least one input regarding the subject based on the comparison with the Characteristic Value dataset until an assessment threshold is satisfied; generate a Criticality Value for the subject based on a weighted determination of the subject's Characteristic Values; compare the Criticality Value of the subject with a Criticality Value dataset, the Criticality Value dataset including Criticality Values previously generated for the subject based on his or her own health history and including Criticality Values previously generated for other subjects in the hospital room in a queue; communicate an output indicative of the Criticality Value of the subject to a user; generate a Queue Status Indicator from a Queue Status Indicator dataset based on the comparing of the Criticality Value of the subject with the Criticality Value dataset derived from among subjects in the same location; communicate a locational indicator of the subject with the highest priority for medical treatment based on its assignment with a Queue Status Indicator that exceeds a threshold value, and directing at least one health care worker to provide medical treatment to the subject with the highest priority for medical treatment. | 22,532 |
9,664,456 | 1. An air conditioner comprising: an indoor machine equipped with an indoor heat exchanger constituted by a plurality of heat transfer tubes which have spiral grooves formed on faces inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes and which pierce a plurality of fins; and an outdoor machine equipped with an outdoor heat exchanger constituted by a plurality of heat transfer tubes which have spiral grooves formed on faces inside the plurality of heat transfer tubes and which pierce a plurality of fins, a depth of the spiral grooves of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the outdoor heat exchanger functioning as a condenser is deeper than a depth of the spiral grooves of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the indoor heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator, wherein a minimum value of the depth of the spiral grooves of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the outdoor heat exchanger is 0.1 mm, a maximum value of the depth of the spiral grooves of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the outdoor heat exchanger is 0.25 mm, a minimum value of the depth of the spiral grooves of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the indoor heat exchanger is 0.08 mm which is less than the minimum value of the depth of the spiral grooves of the outdoor heat exchanger, and a maximum value of the depth of the spiral grooves of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the indoor heat exchanger is 0.2 mm which is less than the maximum value of the depth of the spiral grooves of the outdoor heat exchanger. | 6,550 |
9,759,721 | 1. A method of detecting Salmonella in a sample, the method consisting essentially of: a) incubating the sample in a liquid pre-enrichment medium consisting essentially of a peptone low growth nutrient component, a malachite green growth inhibiting agent, and a nonylphenol ethoxylate surfactant with bacteriostatic or bactericidal action, wherein the incubation is at about 35° C. to about 39° C. for about 14 to 15 hours, and wherein the sample is a food sample, a feces sample or a raw livestock sample: b) incubating an aliquot of the pre-enrichment medium from step (a) in a separate liquid enrichment medium, the enrichment medium consisting essentially of a peptone high growth nutrient component and ferric ammonium citrate, wherein the incubation is at about 39° C. to about 43° C. for about 5-7 hours, wherein the aliquot of the pre-enrichment medium is about 1/50 to about 1/1000 a volume of the enrichment medium; c) purifying the liquid enrichment medium to increase concentration of the d) detecting the presence or absence of the | 25,931 |
8,727,282 | 1. A safety system for reducing the explosion risk of a fuel tank, comprising: at least one fluid source; at least one fluid container for holding a fluid, the at least one fluid container having an inlet and an outlet; a drain for discharging water; and at least one sensor for detecting non-combusted hydrocarbons in at least one of the outlet or a region of the drain; wherein the fluid container has a structure that is flexible at least in some regions and is adapted to be positioned in a hollow space of the fuel tank, the hollow space being located above the fuel contained within said fluid container; and wherein, when fluid flows into the hollow space, the fluid substantially fills the hollow space up to a top of the fuel tank. | 22,486 |
8,876,964 | 1. A method of making a particulate material comprising: providing mineral wool base material in a form having size at least 80% not more than 40 mm, subjecting the mineral wool base material to sintering by use of a pulse combustor and thereby forming a particulate material in the form of particles having size at least 80% not more than 20 mm. | 49,547 |
9,434,929 | 1. A detergent composition comprising an enzyme preparation comprising a recombinant polypeptide having ferulic acid esterase activity and comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 90% sequence identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 12 in a spent culture medium, wherein the enzyme preparation further comprising additives. | 26,080 |
9,038,546 | 1. A plastic pallet comprising: a plastic upper deck having a compact skin region and a foamed core region, and having an upper side on which goods can be stacked, a plurality of plastic skids having a compact skin region and a foamed core region, said plastic skids being spaced apart from the upper deck and arranged substantially parallel to the upper deck, and plastic spacer blocks that are located between the upper deck and the skids, wherein the spacer blocks are formed by moulding as separate parts in which the plastic spacer blocks have a compact skin region and a foamed core region or are made as an entirely compact part, wherein the upper deck and the skids are separate parts that are tightened together by plastic tightening pins, which each extend through a bore in each of the spacer blocks and corresponding holes in the upper deck and the skids, and wherein the plastic tightening pins form weak points for breakage. | 29,968 |
8,468,069 | 1. A method comprising: receiving, by a financial record processing system having at least one processor, data corresponding to a financial transaction submitted for processing; generating, by the financial record processing system, an initial transaction record for the financial transaction; receiving a transaction advice separately and at a different time from the data corresponding to the financial transaction, wherein the transaction advice includes information for a customer affected by the financial transaction; determining, by the financial record processing system, whether the transaction advice corresponds to the initial transaction record; in response to determining that the transaction advice corresponds to the initial transaction record: | 2,622 |
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