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<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Age-related Macular Degeneration? ?[/INST] AMD is most common in older people, but it can occur during middle age. The risk increases with age. Other risk factors include smoking, obesity, white race, family history of AMD, and female gender.</s> |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Age-related Macular Degeneration ?[/INST] Once dry AMD reaches the advanced stage, no form of treatment can prevent vision loss. However, treatment can delay and possibly prevent intermediate AMD from progressing to the advanced stage, in which vision loss occurs.</s> |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Age-related Macular Degeneration ?[/INST] The AREDS formulation is a combination of antioxidants and zinc that is named for a study conducted by The National Eye Institute called the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, or AREDS. This study found that taking a specific high-dose formulation of antiox... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Age-related Macular Degeneration ?[/INST] The daily amounts used by the study researchers were 500 milligrams of vitamin C, 400 International Units of vitamin E, 15 milligrams of beta-carotene, 80 milligrams of zinc as zinc oxide, and 2 milligrams of copper as cupric oxide. Copper was added to ... |
<s> [INST] How to prevent Age-related Macular Degeneration ?[/INST] There is no reason for those diagnosed with early stage AMD to take the AREDS formulation. The study did not find that the formulation helped those with early stage AMD. If you have early stage AMD, a comprehensive dilated eye exam every year can help ... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Age-related Macular Degeneration ?[/INST] Wet AMD can be treated with laser surgery, photodynamic therapy, and drugs that are injected into the eye. None of these treatments is a cure for wet AMD. The disease and loss of vision may progress despite treatment.</s> |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Age-related Macular Degeneration ?[/INST] The National Eye Institute scientists are - studying the possibility of transplanting healthy cells into a diseased retina - evaluating families with a history of AMD to understand genetic and hereditary factors ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Age-related Macular Degeneration ?[/INST] National Eye Institute National Institutes of Health 2020 Vision Place Bethesda, MD 20892-3655 301-496-5248 E-mail: 2020@nei.nih.gov www.nei.nih.gov Association for Macular Diseases 210 East 64th Street, 8th Floor New York, NY 10021-7471 212-60... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Affects Many Older People Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis among older people, and it is one of the most frequent causes of physical disability among older adults. The disease affects both men and women. Before age 45, osteoarthritis is more common in ... |
<s> [INST] What causes Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Risk Increases With Age Researchers suspect that osteoarthritis is caused by a combination of factors in the body and the environment. The chance of developing osteoarthritis increases with age. It is estimated that 33.6% (12.4 million) of individuals age 65 and older are ... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Pain and Stiffness in Joints Different types of arthritis have different symptoms. In general, people with most forms of arthritis have pain and stiffness in their joints. Osteoarthritis usually develops slowly and can occur in any joint, but often occurs in w... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Treatment Goals: Manage Pain, Improve Function Osteoarthritis treatment plans often include ways to manage pain and improve function. Such plans can include exercise, rest and joint care, pain relief, weight control, medicines, surgery, and non-traditional ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis among older people. It affects hands, low back, neck, and weight-bearing joints such as knees, hips, and feet. Osteoarthritis occurs when cartilage, the tissue that cushions the ends of the bones within the joints, brea... |
<s> [INST] How many people are affected by Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] The chance of developing osteoarthritis increases with age. It is estimated that 33.6% (12.4 million) of individuals age 65 and older are affected by the disease.</s> |
<s> [INST] What causes Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Osteoarthritis often results from years of wear and tear on joints. This wear and tear mostly affects the cartilage, the tissue that cushions the ends of bones within the joint. Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage begins to fray, wear away, and decay. Putting too much... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Warning signs of osteoarthritis include - joint pain - swelling or tenderness in one or more joints - stiffness after getting out of bed or sitting for a long time - a crunching feeling or sound of bone rubbing on bone. joint pain swelling or tendernes... |
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] No single test can diagnose osteoarthritis. When a person feels pain in his or her joints, it may or may not be osteoarthritis. The doctor will use a combination of tests to try to determine if osteoarthritis is causing the symptoms. These may include a medical history... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Warm towels, hot packs, or a warm bath or shower can provide temporary pain relief. Medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, help reduce pain and inflammation that result from osteoarthritis. A doctor or physical therapist can r... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] People with osteoarthritis may find many non-drug ways to relieve pain. Below are some examples. Heat and cold. Heat or cold (or a combination of the two) can be useful for joint pain. Heat can be applied in a number of different ways -- with warm towels, ... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] Doctors consider a number of factors when choosing medicines for their patients. In particular, they look at the type of pain the patient may be having and any possible side effects from the drugs. For pain relief, doctors usually start with acetaminophen b... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Osteoarthritis ?[/INST] For many people, surgery helps relieve the pain and disability of osteoarthritis. Surgery may be performed to achieve one or more of the following. - Removal of loose pieces of bone and cartilage from the joint if they are causing symptoms of buckling or lo... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Breast Cancer ?[/INST] How Tumors Form The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow, divide and produce more cells as needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, however, the process goes wrong. Cells become abnormal and form more cells in an uncontrolled way. These extra ce... |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Breast Cancer? ?[/INST] Some women develop breast cancer and others do not, and the risk factors for the disease vary. Breast cancer may affect younger women, but three-fourths of all breast cancers occur in women between the ages of 45 to 85. In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer Researchers... |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Breast Cancer? ?[/INST] What Is Cancer Prevention? Cancer prevention is action taken to lower the chance of getting cancer. By preventing cancer, the number of new cases of cancer in a group or population is lowered. Hopefully, this will lower the number of deaths caused by cancer. When st... |
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Most cancers in their early, most treatable stages do not cause any symptoms. That is why it's important to have regular tests to check for cancer long before you might notice anything wrong. Detecting Breast Cancer Through Screening When breast cancer is found early, i... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] There are many treatment options for women with breast cancer. The choice of treatment depends on your age and general health, the stage of the cancer, whether or not it has spread beyond the breast, and other factors. If tests show that you have cancer, you... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] There are a number of treatments for breast cancer, but the ones women choose most often -- alone or in combination -- are surgery, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. What Standard Treatments Do Here is what the standard cancer treatments ... |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] New Technologies Several new technologies offer hope for making future treatment easier for women with breast cancer. - Using a special tool, doctors can today insert a miniature camera through the nipple and into a milk duct in the ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Breast Cancer ?[/INST] The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow, divide, and produce more cells as needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, however, the process goes wrong. Cells become abnormal and form more cells in an uncontrolled way. These extra cells form a mass... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Breast cancer occurs when a malignant tumor forms in the breast tissue. The cancer can be found in the breast itself or in the ducts and lymph nodes that surround the breast.</s> |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Breast Cancer ?[/INST] When cancer spreads from its original location in the breast to another part of the body such as the brain, it is called metastatic breast cancer, not brain cancer. Doctors sometimes call this "distant" disease.</s> |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Breast Cancer? ?[/INST] Did You Know: Breast Cancer Statistics? Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in American women. It is most common among women between the ages of 45-85. Today, more women are surviving breast cancer than ever before. Over two million women are breast canc... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Breast Cancer ?[/INST] When breast cancer first develops, there may be no symptoms at all. But as the cancer grows, it can cause changes that women should watch for. You can help safeguard your health by learning the following warning signs of breast cancer. - a lump or thickening i... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Breast Cancer ?[/INST] One definition of cure is being alive and free of breast cancer for 5 years. If the cancer is found early, a woman's chances of survival are better. In fact, nearly 98 percent of women who discover their breast cancer when it is near the site of origin and still small in ... |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Breast Cancer? ?[/INST] Risk factors are conditions or agents that increase a person's chances of getting a disease. Here are the most common risk factors for breast cancer. - Personal and family history. A personal history of breast cancer or breast cancer among one or more of your close ... |
<s> [INST] How to prevent Breast Cancer ?[/INST] When studying ways to prevent breast cancer, scientists look at risk factors and protective factors. Anything that increases your chance of developing cancer is called a cancer risk factor. Anything that decreases your chance of developing cancer is called a cancer prote... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Breast Cancer ?[/INST] When breast cancer first develops, there may be no symptoms at all. But as the cancer grows, it can cause changes that women should watch for. You can help safeguard your health by learning the following warning signs of breast cancer. - a lump or thickening in... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Breast Cancer ?[/INST] A mammogram can often detect breast changes in women who have no signs of breast cancer. Often, it can find a breast lump before it can be felt. If the results indicate that cancer might be present, your doctor will advise you to have a follow-up test called a biopsy.</s> |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Breast Cancer? ?[/INST] The risks of breast cancer screening tests include the following. - Finding breast cancer may not improve health or help a woman live longer. Screening may not help you if you have fast-growing breast cancer or if it has already spread to other places in your body. ... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] You can seek conventional treatment from a specialized cancer doctor, called an oncologist. The oncologist will usually assemble a team of specialists to guide your therapy. Besides the oncologist, the team may include a surgeon, a radiation oncologist who i... |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Clinical trials are research studies on people to find out whether a new drug or treatment is both safe and effective. New therapies are tested on people only after laboratory and animal studies show promising results. The Food and D... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Once breast cancer has been found, it is staged. Staging means determining how far the cancer has progressed. Through staging, the doctor can tell if the cancer has spread and, if so, to what parts of the body. More tests may be performed to help determine t... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Standard treatments for breast cancer include - surgery that takes out the cancer and some surrounding tissue - radiation therapy that uses high-energy beams to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors and some surrounding tissue. - chemotherapy that uses anti-... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Breast Cancer ?[/INST] There are two types of breast-conserving surgery -- lumpectomy and partial mastectomy. - Lumpectomy is the removal of the tumor and a small amount of normal tissue around it. A woman who has a lumpectomy almost always has radiation therapy as well. Most surgeons also take... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Even if the surgeon removes all of the cancer that can be seen at the time of surgery, a woman may still receive follow-up treatment. This may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy to try to kill any cancer cells that may be left. Treat... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. This therapy often follows a lumpectomy, and is sometimes used after mastectomy. During radiation therapy, a machine outside the body sends high-ene... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. A patient may take chemotherapy by mouth in pill form, or it may be put into the body by inserting a needle into a vein or muscle. Chemotherapy is called whole body or systemic treatment if the drug(s) e... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Hormonal therapy keeps cancer cells from getting the hormones they need to grow. This treatment may include the use of drugs that change the way hormones work. Sometimes it includes surgery to remove the ovaries, which make female hormones. Like chemotherapy... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Breast Cancer ?[/INST] Certain drugs that have been used successfully in other cancers are now being used to treat some breast cancers. A mix of drugs may increase the length of time you will live, or the length of time you will live without cancer. In addition, certain drugs like... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Glaucoma ?[/INST] Glaucoma is a group of diseases that can damage the eye's optic nerve and result in vision loss and blindness. While glaucoma can strike anyone, the risk is much greater for people over 60. How Glaucoma Develops There are several different types of glaucoma. Most of these inv... |
<s> [INST] What causes Glaucoma ?[/INST] Nearly 2.7 million people have glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness in the United States. Although anyone can get glaucoma, some people are at higher risk. They include - African-Americans over age 40 - everyone over age 60, especially Hispanics/Latinos - people with a famil... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Glaucoma ?[/INST] Symptoms of Glaucoma Glaucoma can develop in one or both eyes. The most common type of glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma, has no symptoms at first. It causes no pain, and vision seems normal. Without treatment, people with glaucoma will slowly lose their peripheral, or... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Glaucoma ?[/INST] Although open-angle glaucoma cannot be cured, it can usually be controlled. While treatments may save remaining vision, they do not improve sight already lost from glaucoma. The most common treatments for glaucoma are medication and surgery. Medications Medicati... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Glaucoma ?[/INST] Glaucoma is a group of diseases that can damage the eye's optic nerve and result in vision loss and blindness. The most common form of the disease is open-angle glaucoma. With early treatment, you can often protect your eyes against serious vision loss. (Watch the video to lea... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Glaucoma ?[/INST] The optic nerve is a bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers. It connects the retina to the brain.</s> |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Glaucoma ?[/INST] Open-angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma. In the normal eye, the clear fluid leaves the anterior chamber at the open angle where the cornea and iris meet. When the fluid reaches the angle, it flows through a spongy meshwork, like a drain, and leaves the eye. Som... |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Glaucoma? ?[/INST] Anyone can develop glaucoma. Some people are at higher risk than others. They include - African-Americans over age 40 - everyone over age 60, especially Hispanics/Latinos - people with a family history of glaucoma. African-Americans over age 40 everyone over age 60, es... |
<s> [INST] How to prevent Glaucoma ?[/INST] At this time, we do not know how to prevent glaucoma. However, studies have shown that the early detection and treatment of glaucoma, before it causes major vision loss, is the best way to control the disease. So, if you fall into one of the higher risk groups for the disease... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Glaucoma ?[/INST] At first, open-angle glaucoma has no symptoms. It causes no pain. Vision seems normal. Without treatment, people with glaucoma will slowly lose their peripheral, or side vision. They seem to be looking through a tunnel. Over time, straight-ahead vision may decrease ... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Glaucoma ?[/INST] Yes. Immediate treatment for early stage, open-angle glaucoma can delay progression of the disease. That's why early diagnosis is very important. Glaucoma treatments include medicines, laser surgery, conventional surgery, or a combination of any of these. While t... |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Glaucoma ?[/INST] Through studies in the laboratory and with patients, the National Eye Institute is seeking better ways to detect, treat, and prevent vision loss in people with glaucoma. For example, researchers have discovered genes that could help expla... |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Glaucoma? ?[/INST] Encourage them to have a comprehensive dilated eye exam at least once every two years. Remember -- lowering eye pressure in glaucoma's early stages slows progression of the disease and helps save vision. Get tips on finding an eye care professional.</s> |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Glaucoma ?[/INST] National Eye Institute National Institutes of Health 2020 Vision Place Bethesda, MD 20892-3655 301-496-5248 E-mail: 2020@nei.nih.gov www.nei.nih.gov The Glaucoma Foundation 80 Maiden Lane, Suite 700 New York, NY 10038 212-285-0080 Glaucoma Research Foundation 251 Pos... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Disease ?[/INST] What the Kidneys Do You have two kidneys. They are bean-shaped and about the size of a fist. They are located in the middle of your back, on the left and right of your spine, just below your rib cage. The kidneys filter your blood, removing wastes and extra water to make... |
<s> [INST] How to prevent Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Risk Factors Diabetes and high blood pressure are the two leading causes of kidney disease. Both diabetes and high blood pressure damage the small blood vessels in your kidneys and can cause kidney disease -- without you feeling it. Other risk factors for kidney disease... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Kidney Disease Kidney disease is often called a "silent" disease, because most people have no symptoms with early kidney disease. In fact, you might feel just fine until your kidneys have almost stopped working. Do NOT wait for symptoms! If you are at risk for... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Different Treatments for Different Stages There are several types of treatments related to kidney disease. Some are used in earlier stages of kidney disease to protect your kidneys. These medications and lifestyle changes help you maintain kidney function a... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Kidney disease can get worse over time, and may lead to kidney failure. Kidney failure means advanced kidney damage with less than 15% normal function. Most people with kidney failure have symptoms from the build up of waste products and extra water in thei... |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Many areas of Research Researchers are working at every stage of kidney disease to improve diagnosis and treatment, including - trying to find a better way to identify who is at greatest risk for rapidly progressing kidney disease ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Kidney disease -- also known as chronic kidney disease (CKD) -- occurs when kidneys can no longer remove wastes and extra water from the blood or perform other functions as they should. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 20 million Ame... |
<s> [INST] What causes Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Kidney disease is most often caused by diabetes or high blood pressure. Each kidney contains about one million tiny filters made up of blood vessels. These filters are called glomeruli. Diabetes and high blood pressure damage these blood vessels, so the kidneys are not abl... |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Kidney Disease? ?[/INST] Diabetes and high blood pressure are the two leading risk factors for kidney disease. Both diabetes and high blood pressure damage the small blood vessels in your kidneys and can cause kidney disease -- without you feeling it. There are several other risk factors ... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Kidney disease is often called a "silent" disease, because most people have no symptoms in early kidney disease. In fact, you might feel just fine until your kidneys have almost stopped working. Do NOT wait for symptoms! Blood and urine tests are the only way ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Disease ?[/INST] When you visit your doctor, here are questions to ask about your kidneys. - What is my GFR? - What is my urine albumin result? - What is my blood pressure? - What is my blood glucose (for people with diabetes)? What is my GFR? What is my urine albumin result? What ... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Treatments for early kidney disease include both diet and lifestyle changes and medications. Diet and lifestyle changes, such as eating heart healthy foods and exercising regularly to maintain a healthy weight, can help prevent the diseases that cause kidne... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Kidney Disease ?[/INST] During your next health care visit, talk to your provider about your test results and how to manage your kidney disease. Below is a list of questions you may want to ask. Add any questions you think are missing, and mark those that are most important to you... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Disease ?[/INST] When your kidneys fail, they are no longer able to filter blood and remove waste from your body well enough to maintain health. Kidney failure causes harmful waste and excess fluid to build up in your body. Your blood pressure may rise, and your hands and feet may swell.... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Dialysis is a treatment to filter wastes and water from your blood. There are two major forms of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. (Watch the video to learn more about dialysis. To enlarge the video, click the brackets in the lower right-hand ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Disease ?[/INST] Instead of dialysis, some people with kidney failure -- including older adults -- may be able to receive a kidney transplant. This involves having a healthy kidney from another person surgically placed into your body. The new, donated kidney does the work that your two f... |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Kidney Disease ?[/INST] There are many researchers who are working on kidney disease. They are looking for ways to improve diagnosis, make treatments more effective, and make dialysis and transplantation work better. Several areas of research supported by ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] Arteries Clogged With Plaque Peripheral arterial disease (P.A.D.) is a disease in which plaque (plak) builds up in the arteries that carry blood to your head, organs, and limbs. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, fibrous tissue, and oth... |
<s> [INST] How to prevent Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] What Causes P.A.D.? The most common cause of P.A.D. is atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque in the arteries. The exact cause of atherosclerosis isn't known. Certain people are at higher risk for developing atherosclerosis. The disease may start if ... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] Common Symptoms Some people with P.A.D. do not have any symptoms. Others may have a number of signs and symptoms. People who have P.A.D. may notice symptoms when walking or climbing stairs. These symptoms may include pain, aching, or heav... |
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] Your Family and Medical History P.A.D. is diagnosed based on a person's medical and family histories, a physical exam, and results from medical tests. To learn about your medical and family histories, your doctor may ask about - your risk factors ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] Peripheral arterial disease (P.A.D.) is a disease in which plaque (plak) builds up in the arteries that carry blood to your head, organs, and limbs. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, fibrous tissue, and other substances in the blood. P... |
<s> [INST] What causes Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] The most common cause of P.A.D. is atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque in the arteries. Over time, plaque can harden and narrow the arteries. This limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood to your organs and other parts of your body.</s> |
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.)? ?[/INST] Smoking is the main risk factor for P.A.D. Your risk of P.A.D. increases four times if you smoke. Smoking also raises your risk for other diseases, such as coronary heart disease (CHD). On average, smokers who develop P.A.D. have symptoms 10 y... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] People who have P.A.D. may have symptoms when walking or climbing stairs. These may include pain, numbness, aching, or heaviness in the leg muscles. Symptoms may also include cramping in the affected leg(s) and in the buttocks, thighs, ca... |
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] There are several tests used to diagnose P.A.D. These include - an ankle-brachial index (ABI). This test compares blood pressure in your ankle to blood pressure in your arm. It shows how well blood is flowing in your limbs. - a Doppler ultrasound... |
<s> [INST] How to prevent Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] Treatment and prevention for P.A.D. often includes making long-lasting lifestyle changes, such as - quitting smoking - lowering blood pressure - lowering high blood cholesterol levels - lowering high blood glucose levels if you have diabetes - ... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] Yes. In some people, lifestyle changes are not enough to control P.A.D. Surgery and other procedures may be needed. These may include bypass grafting surgery, angioplasty, a stent, or a procedure called atherectomy (ath-eh-REK-to-mee).... |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) supports research aimed at learning more about peripheral arterial disease (P.A.D.). For example, NHLBI-supported research on P.A.D. includes studies that -... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Peripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.) ?[/INST] Here are links to more information about P.A.D. from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. - What Is Peripheral Arterial Disease? - Atherosclerosis - The DASH Eating Plan - Facts about P.A.D. - Facts about P.A.D. (Spanish) - Facts ... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Rheumatoid Arthritis ?[/INST] An Inflammatory, Autoimmune Disease Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that causes pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of function in the joints. It can cause mild to severe symptoms. Rheumatoid arthritis not only affects the joints, but may also attac... |
<s> [INST] What causes Rheumatoid Arthritis ?[/INST] Actual Cause Is Unknown Scientists believe that rheumatoid arthritis may result from the interaction of many factors such as genetics, hormones, and the environment. Although rheumatoid arthritis sometimes runs in families, the actual cause of rheumatoid arthritis is... |
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis ?[/INST] Swelling and Pain in the Joints Different types of arthritis have different symptoms. In general, people with most forms of arthritis have pain and stiffness in their joints. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by inflammation of the joint lining. This... |
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Rheumatoid Arthritis ?[/INST] Most Symptoms Are Treatable Doctors use a variety of approaches to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The goals of treatment are to help relieve pain, reduce swelling, slow down or help prevent joint damage, increase the ability to function, and improve the ... |
<s> [INST] what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Rheumatoid Arthritis ?[/INST] Scientists are making rapid progress in understanding the complexities of rheumatoid arthritis. They are learning more about how and why it develops and why some people have more severe symptoms than others. Research efforts a... |
<s> [INST] What is (are) Rheumatoid Arthritis ?[/INST] Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that causes pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of function in the joints. It can cause mild to severe symptoms. People with rheumatoid arthritis may feel sick, tired, and sometimes feverish. Sometimes rheumatoid arth... |
<s> [INST] What causes Rheumatoid Arthritis ?[/INST] Scientists believe that rheumatoid arthritis may result from the interaction of many factors such as genetics, hormones, and the environment. Although rheumatoid arthritis sometimes runs in families, the actual cause of rheumatoid arthritis is still unknown. Research... |
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