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MED-861 | Associations of whole-blood fatty acids and dietary intakes with prostate cancer in Jamaica. | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of whole-blood fatty acids and reported intakes of fats with risk of prostate cancer (PCa). DESIGN: Case-control study of 209 men 40-80 years old with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed prostate cancer and 226 cancer-free men attending the same urology clinics. Whole-blo... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21984307 | Associations of whole-blood fatty acids and dietary intakes with prostate cancer in Jamaica. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of whole-blood fatty acids and reported intakes of fats with risk of prostate cancer (PCa). DESIGN: Case-control study of 209 men 40-80 years old with newly diagnosed, histologically co... |
MED-862 | Traditionally living populations in East Africa have a mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of 115 nmol/l. | Cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D by exposure to UVB is the principal source of vitamin D in the human body. Our current clothing habits and reduced time spent outdoors put us at risk of many insufficiency-related diseases that are associated with calcaemic and non-calcaemic functions of vitamin D. Populations with trad... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22264449 | Traditionally living populations in East Africa have a mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of 115 nmol/l. Cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D by exposure to UVB is the principal source of vitamin D in the human body. Our current clothing habits and reduced time spent outdoors put us at risk of many insufficiency-... |
MED-863 | Penetrating ocular injury by durian fruit. | Durian may inflict severe body injury when it drops from the tree. This case report describes a patient who presented with facial and penetrating eye injury when a ripe durian fruit dropped onto her face while harvesting the fruits under the tree. The authors emphasized the importance of facial and eye protective devic... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20527280 | Penetrating ocular injury by durian fruit. Durian may inflict severe body injury when it drops from the tree. This case report describes a patient who presented with facial and penetrating eye injury when a ripe durian fruit dropped onto her face while harvesting the fruits under the tree. The authors emphasized the im... |
MED-864 | Fatal fulminant hepatitis associated with Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) mushroom powder. | Hepatotoxic effect related to Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) mushroom powder was first described in a patient from Hong Kong in 2004. In 2005, the authors experienced a case of fatal fulminant hepatitis associated with such a preparation. Both patients had taken other therapeutic agents and traditionally boiled Lingzhi wi... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17621752 | Fatal fulminant hepatitis associated with Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) mushroom powder. Hepatotoxic effect related to Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) mushroom powder was first described in a patient from Hong Kong in 2004. In 2005, the authors experienced a case of fatal fulminant hepatitis associated with such a preparatio... |
MED-865 | Bitter melon extract impairs prostate cancer cell cycle progression and delays prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in TRAMP model | Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Earlier diagnosis increases survival rate in patients. However, treatments for advanced disease are limited to hormone ablation techniques and palliative care. Thus, new methods of treatment and prevention are necessary for inhibiting... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21911444 | Bitter melon extract impairs prostate cancer cell cycle progression and delays prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in TRAMP model Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Earlier diagnosis increases survival rate in patients. However, treatments for advanced disease are limi... |
MED-866 | Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): a review of efficacy and safety. | The pharmacology, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, and place in therapy of bitter melon are described. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is an alternative therapy that has primarily been used for lowering blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Components of bitter melon extract ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12625217 | Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): a review of efficacy and safety. The pharmacology, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, and place in therapy of bitter melon are described. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is an alternative therapy that has primarily been used for lowering blood glucose levels in... |
MED-867 | The effect of Momordica charantia capsule preparation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus needs further studies. | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Momordica charantia, locally known as Ampalaya, is being widely used and advertised for its hypoglycemic effects. However, to date, no large clinical trial has been published on the efficacy of any type of preparation. The main objective of this study is to determine if addition of M. charant... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17493509 | The effect of Momordica charantia capsule preparation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus needs further studies. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Momordica charantia, locally known as Ampalaya, is being widely used and advertised for its hypoglycemic effects. However, to date, no large clinical trial has been pub... |
MED-868 | Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract suppresses adrenocortical cancer cell proliferation through modulation of the apoptotic pathway, steroid... | Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare but present with extremely poor prognosis. One of the approaches to control cancer progression and reduce cancer risk is prevention through diet. Bitter melon is widely consumed as a vegetable and especially as a traditional medicine in many countries. In this study, we have used huma... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22191569 | Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract suppresses adrenocortical cancer cell proliferation through modulation of the apoptotic pathway, steroid... Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare but present with extremely poor prognosis. One of the approaches to control cancer progression and reduce cancer risk is prevention th... |
MED-869 | Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) consumption is associated with higher bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. | Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tea consumption is higher in Argentina and other South American countries than those of coffee or tea (Camellia sinensis). The effects of Yerba Mate on bone health have not previously been explored. From a program for osteoporosis prevention and treatment, postmenopausal women who drank... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21920487 | Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) consumption is associated with higher bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tea consumption is higher in Argentina and other South American countries than those of coffee or tea (Camellia sinensis). The effects of Yerba Mate on bone health have n... |
MED-870 | Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: minireview. | Ilex paraguariensis dried and minced leaves are made into a brewed tea, prepared in a sui generis manner by large populations in South America, having evolved from a tea drunk by the Guarani ethnic group to a beverage that has a social and almost ritualistic role in some South American modern societies. It is used both... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20599603 | Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: minireview. Ilex paraguariensis dried and minced leaves are made into a brewed tea, prepared in a sui generis manner by large populations in South America, having evolved from a tea drunk by the Guarani ethnic group to a beverage that has a social and almost ritualistic ... |
MED-872 | Mercury exposure and risks from dental amalgam in the US population, post-2000. | Dental amalgam is 50% metallic mercury (Hg) by weight and Hg vapour continuously evolves from in-place dental amalgam, causing increased Hg content with increasing amalgam load in urine, faeces, exhaled breath, saliva, blood, and various organs and tissues including the kidney, pituitary gland, liver, and brain. The Hg... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21782213 | Mercury exposure and risks from dental amalgam in the US population, post-2000. Dental amalgam is 50% metallic mercury (Hg) by weight and Hg vapour continuously evolves from in-place dental amalgam, causing increased Hg content with increasing amalgam load in urine, faeces, exhaled breath, saliva, blood, and various or... |
MED-876 | Adherence to Mediterranean diet and intake of antioxidants influence spontaneous conversion of atrial fibrillation. | BACKGROUND AND AIM: The Mediterranean diet (MedD) has long been associated with lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. Little information is available on association between MedD, vitamins intake and arrhythmias. We sought to investigate the relationship between adherence to MedD, antioxidants intake and spontaneou... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21798731 | Adherence to Mediterranean diet and intake of antioxidants influence spontaneous conversion of atrial fibrillation. BACKGROUND AND AIM: The Mediterranean diet (MedD) has long been associated with lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. Little information is available on association between MedD, vitamins intake and ... |
MED-877 | Detrimental effects of energy drink consumption on platelet and endothelial function. | BACKGROUND: Energy drink consumption has been anecdotally linked with sudden cardiac death and, more recently, myocardial infarction. As myocardial infarction is strongly associated with both platelet and endothelial dysfunction, we tested the hypothesis that energy drink consumption alters platelet and endothelial fun... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20103032 | Detrimental effects of energy drink consumption on platelet and endothelial function. BACKGROUND: Energy drink consumption has been anecdotally linked with sudden cardiac death and, more recently, myocardial infarction. As myocardial infarction is strongly associated with both platelet and endothelial dysfunction, we t... |
MED-878 | Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects. | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Coffee is the most widely consumed beverage in the world, but its effect on the cardiovascular system has not been fully understood. Coffee contains caffeine and antioxidants, which may influence endothelial function, both of which have not yet been investigated. The objective of this study was t... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20125186 | Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Coffee is the most widely consumed beverage in the world, but its effect on the cardiovascular system has not been fully understood. Coffee contains caffeine and antioxidants, which may influence endothelial function, both of wh... |
MED-880 | Effects of acute administration of caffeine on vascular function. | Caffeine is the most widely used pharmacologic substance in the world. It is found in common nonessential grocery items (e.g., coffee, tea, cocoa, and chocolate). The effects of caffeine on cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, remain controversial, and there is little information on its direct effect on vas... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17126666 | Effects of acute administration of caffeine on vascular function. Caffeine is the most widely used pharmacologic substance in the world. It is found in common nonessential grocery items (e.g., coffee, tea, cocoa, and chocolate). The effects of caffeine on cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, remain controve... |
MED-884 | Effect of different cooking methods on vegetable oxalate content. | Approximately 75% of all kidney stones are composed primarily of calcium oxalate, and hyperoxaluria is a primary risk factor for this disorder. Nine types of raw and cooked vegetables were analyzed for oxalate using an enzymatic method. There was a high proportion of water-soluble oxalate in most of the tested raw vege... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15826055 | Effect of different cooking methods on vegetable oxalate content. Approximately 75% of all kidney stones are composed primarily of calcium oxalate, and hyperoxaluria is a primary risk factor for this disorder. Nine types of raw and cooked vegetables were analyzed for oxalate using an enzymatic method. There was a high ... |
MED-885 | Bioavailability of oxalic acid from spinach, sugar beet fibre and a solution of sodium oxalate consumed by female volunteers. | Oxalate bioavailability from sugar beet fibre (40 g), spinach (25 g) and a solution of sodium oxalate (182 mg) was tested in nine women using a triplicated 3 x 3 Latin square arrangement. Each test substance provided 120 mg oxalic acid. Throughout the study the volunteers consumed a control diet and the test substances... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2731814 | Bioavailability of oxalic acid from spinach, sugar beet fibre and a solution of sodium oxalate consumed by female volunteers. Oxalate bioavailability from sugar beet fibre (40 g), spinach (25 g) and a solution of sodium oxalate (182 mg) was tested in nine women using a triplicated 3 x 3 Latin square arrangement. Each t... |
MED-886 | Effects of hempseed and flaxseed oils on the profile of serum lipids, serum total and lipoprotein lipid concentrations and haemostatic factors. | BACKGROUND: Both hempseed oil (HO) and flaxseed oil (FO) contain high amounts of essential fatty acids (FAs); i.e. linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), but almost in opposite ratios. An excessive intake of one essential FA over the other may interfere with the metabolism of the other whi... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17103080 | Effects of hempseed and flaxseed oils on the profile of serum lipids, serum total and lipoprotein lipid concentrations and haemostatic factors. BACKGROUND: Both hempseed oil (HO) and flaxseed oil (FO) contain high amounts of essential fatty acids (FAs); i.e. linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18... |
MED-887 | Storage elevates phenolic content and antioxidant activity but suppresses antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic properties of colored-flesh potatoes ... | Colored-flesh potatoes are an excellent source of health-benefiting dietary polyphenols, but are stored for up to 3-6 months before consumption. This study investigated the effect of simulated commercial storage conditions on antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS), phenolic content (FCR) and composition (UPLC-MS), and antic... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21736387 | Storage elevates phenolic content and antioxidant activity but suppresses antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic properties of colored-flesh potatoes ... Colored-flesh potatoes are an excellent source of health-benefiting dietary polyphenols, but are stored for up to 3-6 months before consumption. This study investigated ... |
MED-888 | Anti-obesity and antioxidative effects of purple sweet potato extract in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro. | The purpose of the current study was to determine the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of an extract of purple sweet potatoes (PSPs) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. For this purpose, differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with a PSP extract at concentrations of 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 μg/mL for 24 hours. Then, w... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861722 | Anti-obesity and antioxidative effects of purple sweet potato extract in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro. The purpose of the current study was to determine the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of an extract of purple sweet potatoes (PSPs) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. For this purpose, differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes wer... |
MED-890 | Diet and cancer of the colon and rectum: a case-control study in China. | A case-control study was carried out in Harbin city to assess the role of diet in the aetiology of colorectal cancer. A total of 336 incident cases of histologically confirmed colorectal cancer (111 colon cancer and 225 rectal cancer) and an equal number of controls with other non-neoplastic diseases were interviewed i... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1917235 | Diet and cancer of the colon and rectum: a case-control study in China. A case-control study was carried out in Harbin city to assess the role of diet in the aetiology of colorectal cancer. A total of 336 incident cases of histologically confirmed colorectal cancer (111 colon cancer and 225 rectal cancer) and an equal ... |
MED-891 | Bisphenol a in canned food products from canadian markets. | A method based on solid phase extraction followed by derivatization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was validated for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in canned food products. This method was used to analyze 78 canned food products for BPA. Concentrations of BPA in canned food products differed ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20537264 | Bisphenol a in canned food products from canadian markets. A method based on solid phase extraction followed by derivatization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was validated for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in canned food products. This method was used to analyze 78 canned food products for B... |
MED-894 | Ceylon cinnamon does not affect postprandial plasma glucose or insulin in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. | Previous studies on healthy subjects have shown that the intake of 6 g Cinnamomum cassia reduces postprandial glucose and that the intake of 3 g C. cassia reduces insulin response, without affecting postprandial glucose concentrations. Coumarin, which may damage the liver, is present in C. cassia, but not in Cinnamomum... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21929834 | Ceylon cinnamon does not affect postprandial plasma glucose or insulin in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Previous studies on healthy subjects have shown that the intake of 6 g Cinnamomum cassia reduces postprandial glucose and that the intake of 3 g C. cassia reduces insulin response, without affecting postp... |
MED-895 | Asthma induced by sulphur dioxide, benzoate and tartrazine contained in orange drinks. | Of 272 patients with asthma, thirty (11%) gave a history of exacerbations occurring after ingestion, solutions of orange orange drinks. Fourteen of these were given provocation tests by drinking, on separate occasions of sulphur dioxide, sodium benzoate and tartrazine, which are present in all orange drinks. Eight reac... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/412611 | Asthma induced by sulphur dioxide, benzoate and tartrazine contained in orange drinks. Of 272 patients with asthma, thirty (11%) gave a history of exacerbations occurring after ingestion, solutions of orange orange drinks. Fourteen of these were given provocation tests by drinking, on separate occasions of sulphur diox... |
MED-897 | Inhibition of non-haem iron absorption in man by polyphenolic-containing beverages. | The effects of different polyphenol-containing beverages on Fe absorption from a bread meal were estimated in adult human subjects from the erythrocyte incorporation of radio-Fe. The test beverages contained different polyphenol structures and were rich in either phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid in coffee), monomeric f... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10999016 | Inhibition of non-haem iron absorption in man by polyphenolic-containing beverages. The effects of different polyphenol-containing beverages on Fe absorption from a bread meal were estimated in adult human subjects from the erythrocyte incorporation of radio-Fe. The test beverages contained different polyphenol structu... |
MED-898 | Impact of tea drinking on iron status in the UK: a review. | BACKGROUND: The aims of this review are (1) to evaluate the literature on the likely impact of tea drinking on the iron status of different groups within the UK population and (2) to formulate targeted and evidence based advice on tea drinking in the context of iron nutrition in different groups of people. METHOD: A li... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14718031 | Impact of tea drinking on iron status in the UK: a review. BACKGROUND: The aims of this review are (1) to evaluate the literature on the likely impact of tea drinking on the iron status of different groups within the UK population and (2) to formulate targeted and evidence based advice on tea drinking in the context of... |
MED-899 | Milk-induced pulmonary disease in infants (Heiner syndrome). | Heiner syndrome (HS) is a food hypersensitivity pulmonary disease that affects primarily infants, and is mostly caused by cow's milk (CM). Only a few reports have been published, which may be due to its misdiagnosis. We review here a series of eight cases. When first diagnosed they were 4-29 months of age. They were fe... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16176405 | Milk-induced pulmonary disease in infants (Heiner syndrome). Heiner syndrome (HS) is a food hypersensitivity pulmonary disease that affects primarily infants, and is mostly caused by cow's milk (CM). Only a few reports have been published, which may be due to its misdiagnosis. We review here a series of eight cases. Wh... |
MED-900 | Cow's milk allergy in Thai children. | Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is nowadays a common problem in Thai children. We reviewed medical records of patients with CMA from the Department of Pediatrics at King Chulalongkom Memorial Hospital of the past 10 years, from 1998 to 2007. The criteria for the diagnosis of CMA included: elimination of cow's milk formula res... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19317338 | Cow's milk allergy in Thai children. Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is nowadays a common problem in Thai children. We reviewed medical records of patients with CMA from the Department of Pediatrics at King Chulalongkom Memorial Hospital of the past 10 years, from 1998 to 2007. The criteria for the diagnosis of CMA included: ... |
MED-901 | Cow's milk allergy is associated with recurrent otitis media during childhood. | To determine whether cow's milk allergy (CMA) in infancy is associated with recurrent otitis media (ROM) or other chronic ear infections, we conducted a cohort study by enrolling 56 milk-allergic and 204 control schoolchildren. We also studied the association between ear problems and different atopic manifestations. A ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10728925 | Cow's milk allergy is associated with recurrent otitis media during childhood. To determine whether cow's milk allergy (CMA) in infancy is associated with recurrent otitis media (ROM) or other chronic ear infections, we conducted a cohort study by enrolling 56 milk-allergic and 204 control schoolchildren. We also studi... |
MED-902 | The toxicity of extracts of plant parts of Moringa stenopetala in HEPG2 cells in vitro. | The cytotoxicity of extracts from a widely used species of plant, Moringa stenopetala, was assessed in HEPG2 cells, by measuring the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cell viability. The functional integrity of extract-exposed cells was determined by measuring intracellular levels of ATP and glutathione (GSH).... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16261516 | The toxicity of extracts of plant parts of Moringa stenopetala in HEPG2 cells in vitro. The cytotoxicity of extracts from a widely used species of plant, Moringa stenopetala, was assessed in HEPG2 cells, by measuring the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cell viability. The functional integrity of extract-expo... |
MED-903 | Antiproliferation and induction of apoptosis by Moringa oleifera leaf extract on human cancer cells. | Medicinal plants provide an inexhaustible source of anticancer drugs in terms of both variety and mechanism of action. Induction of apoptosis is the key success of plant products as anticancer agents. The present study was designed to determine the antiproliferative and apoptotic events of Moringa oleifera leaf extract... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21385597 | Antiproliferation and induction of apoptosis by Moringa oleifera leaf extract on human cancer cells. Medicinal plants provide an inexhaustible source of anticancer drugs in terms of both variety and mechanism of action. Induction of apoptosis is the key success of plant products as anticancer agents. The present study ... |
MED-904 | A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of pasteurization on milk vitamins, and evidence for raw milk consumption and other health-rel... | Pasteurization of milk ensures safety for human consumption by reducing the number of viable pathogenic bacteria. Although the public health benefits of pasteurization are well established, pro-raw milk advocate organizations continue to promote raw milk as "nature's perfect food." Advocacy groups' claims include state... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22054181 | A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of pasteurization on milk vitamins, and evidence for raw milk consumption and other health-rel... Pasteurization of milk ensures safety for human consumption by reducing the number of viable pathogenic bacteria. Although the public health benefits of pasteurization a... |
MED-907 | Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. | BACKGROUND: The contribution of various risk factors to the burden of stroke worldwide is unknown, particularly in countries of low and middle income. We aimed to establish the association of known and emerging risk factors with stroke and its primary subtypes, assess the contribution of these risk factors to the burde... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20561675 | Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. BACKGROUND: The contribution of various risk factors to the burden of stroke worldwide is unknown, particularly in countries of low and middle income. We aimed to establish the association of ... |
MED-909 | A study on degradation kinetics of ascorbic acid in amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) during cooking. | The kinetics of ascorbic acid degradation in amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) as well as in pure ascorbic acid solutions at initial concentrations present in amla over a temperature range of 50-120 degrees C (steady-state temperature) has been studied. The ascorbic acid degradation followed first-order reaction kinetics w... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15545050 | A study on degradation kinetics of ascorbic acid in amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) during cooking. The kinetics of ascorbic acid degradation in amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) as well as in pure ascorbic acid solutions at initial concentrations present in amla over a temperature range of 50-120 degrees C (steady-state tem... |
MED-910 | Effect of cooking on garlic (Allium sativum L.) antiplatelet activity and thiosulfinates content. | The raw form of garlic and some of its preparations are widely recognized as antiplatelet agents that may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Herein, we examined the in-vitro antiaggregatory activity (IVAA) of human blood platelets induced by extracts of garlic samples that were previously heated (i... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17256959 | Effect of cooking on garlic (Allium sativum L.) antiplatelet activity and thiosulfinates content. The raw form of garlic and some of its preparations are widely recognized as antiplatelet agents that may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Herein, we examined the in-vitro antiaggregatory activity (I... |
MED-911 | Swimming with death: Naegleria fowleri infections in recreational waters. | Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba commonly found in warm freshwater environments such as hot springs, lakes, natural mineral water, and resort spas frequented by tourists. N. fowleri is the etiologic agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), an acute fatal disease of the central nervous system that re... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20970721 | Swimming with death: Naegleria fowleri infections in recreational waters. Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba commonly found in warm freshwater environments such as hot springs, lakes, natural mineral water, and resort spas frequented by tourists. N. fowleri is the etiologic agent of primary amoebic meningoenceph... |
MED-912 | Report: prunes and liver function: a clinical trial. | Prunes are used by folks as a remedy of various diseases including hepatitis. A clinical trial was designed to see the effects of prunes (Prunus domestica) on liver function. 166 healthy volunteers were divided into three groups randomly. Either three (about 11.43g) or six (23g approx.) prunes were soaked in a glass of... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20884464 | Report: prunes and liver function: a clinical trial. Prunes are used by folks as a remedy of various diseases including hepatitis. A clinical trial was designed to see the effects of prunes (Prunus domestica) on liver function. 166 healthy volunteers were divided into three groups randomly. Either three (about 11.43g) ... |
MED-913 | A literature review on the safety assessment of genetically modified plants. | In recent years, there has been a notable concern on the safety of genetically modified (GM) foods/plants, an important and complex area of research, which demands rigorous standards. Diverse groups including consumers and environmental Non Governmental Organizations (NGO) have suggested that all GM foods/plants should... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21296423 | A literature review on the safety assessment of genetically modified plants. In recent years, there has been a notable concern on the safety of genetically modified (GM) foods/plants, an important and complex area of research, which demands rigorous standards. Diverse groups including consumers and environmental Non Go... |
MED-918 | Combination of erythritol and fructose increases gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults. | Consumption of a large amount of dietary fructose induces gastrointestinal intolerance, and glucose has been known as an enhancer of fructose absorption. Erythritol is a nonglycemic sugar alcohol, and it has been suggested that erythritol is absorbed paracellularly. It was hypothesized that paracellular absorption of e... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22118754 | Combination of erythritol and fructose increases gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults. Consumption of a large amount of dietary fructose induces gastrointestinal intolerance, and glucose has been known as an enhancer of fructose absorption. Erythritol is a nonglycemic sugar alcohol, and it has been suggested tha... |
MED-919 | Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. | OBJECTIVE: The objective was to provide guidelines to clinicians for the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency with an emphasis on the care of patients who are at risk for deficiency. PARTICIPANTS: The Task Force was composed of a Chair, six additional experts, and a methodologist. The Task Forc... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21646368 | Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to provide guidelines to clinicians for the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency with an emphasis on the care of patients who are at risk for deficiency.... |
MED-920 | Vitamin D in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. | Vitamin D was used to treat tuberculosis in the pre-antibiotic era. New insights into the immunomodulatory properties of 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D have rekindled interest in vitamin D as an adjunct to antituberculous therapy. We describe the historical use of vitamin D in tuberculosis treatment; discuss the mechani... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17223549 | Vitamin D in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Vitamin D was used to treat tuberculosis in the pre-antibiotic era. New insights into the immunomodulatory properties of 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D have rekindled interest in vitamin D as an adjunct to antituberculous therapy. We describe the historical use of vi... |
MED-921 | Old wine in new bottles: vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis. | Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality, responsible for 1·68 million deaths worldwide in 2009. The global prevalence of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is estimated to be 32%, and this carries a 5-20% lifetime risk of reactivation disease. The emergence of drug-resistant organisms necessitates the ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22123447 | Old wine in new bottles: vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality, responsible for 1·68 million deaths worldwide in 2009. The global prevalence of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is estimated to be 32%, and this carries a 5-20% lifetime risk ... |
MED-922 | The effect of vegetarian diet on selected essential nutrients in children. | INTRODUCTION: Vegetarian diets are considered to promote health and reduce the risk of some chronic diseases. It is also known that restriction or exclusion of animal foods may result in low intake of essential nutrients. The aim of the presented study was to assess the intake and serum status of vitamin B12, folate, v... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22006487 | The effect of vegetarian diet on selected essential nutrients in children. INTRODUCTION: Vegetarian diets are considered to promote health and reduce the risk of some chronic diseases. It is also known that restriction or exclusion of animal foods may result in low intake of essential nutrients. The aim of the presente... |
MED-923 | Dexamethasone facilitates lipid accumulation in chicken skeletal muscle. | The effects of glucocorticoid on lipid metabolism of broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) skeletal muscle were investigated. Male Arbor Acres chickens (35 days old) were subjected to dexamethasone treatment for 3 days. We found that dexamethasone retards body growth while facilitating lipid accumulation. In M. pe... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22085283 | Dexamethasone facilitates lipid accumulation in chicken skeletal muscle. The effects of glucocorticoid on lipid metabolism of broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) skeletal muscle were investigated. Male Arbor Acres chickens (35 days old) were subjected to dexamethasone treatment for 3 days. We found that dexameth... |
MED-927 | Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the clinical course of hyperlipidemia. | OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of krill oil on blood lipids, specifically total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). METHODS: A multi-center, three-month, prospective, randomized study followed by a three-month, controlled follow-up of patients treated with 1 ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15656713 | Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the clinical course of hyperlipidemia. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of krill oil on blood lipids, specifically total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). METHODS: A multi-center, three-month, prospective, ran... |
MED-928 | Incorporation of EPA and DHA into plasma phospholipids in response to different omega-3 fatty acid formulations - a comparative bioavailability study of fish oil vs. krill oil | Background Bioavailability of omega-3 fatty acids (FA) depends on their chemical form. Superior bioavailability has been suggested for phospholipid (PL) bound omega-3 FA in krill oil, but identical doses of different chemical forms have not been compared. Methods In a double-blinded crossover trial, we compared the upt... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21854650 | Incorporation of EPA and DHA into plasma phospholipids in response to different omega-3 fatty acid formulations - a comparative bioavailability study of fish oil vs. krill oil Background Bioavailability of omega-3 fatty acids (FA) depends on their chemical form. Superior bioavailability has been suggested for phospholi... |
MED-930 | Organochlorine pesticide air-water exchange and bioconcentration in krill in the Ross Sea. | Mean hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) concentrations, measured in seawater and air samples, confirmed the decline in levels of these compounds in Antarctic air and water. However, low alpha/gamma-HCH ratios in air at the beginning of the sampling period suggest a predominance of fresh lindane ent... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19269724 | Organochlorine pesticide air-water exchange and bioconcentration in krill in the Ross Sea. Mean hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) concentrations, measured in seawater and air samples, confirmed the decline in levels of these compounds in Antarctic air and water. However, low alpha/gamma-HCH ratios... |
MED-931 | Aqueous uptake and sublethal toxicity of p,p'-DDE in non-feeding larval stages of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). | This study evaluated the toxicological sensitivity of non-feeding larval stages of a key Antarctic species (Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba) to p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) exposure. The aqueous uptake clearance rate of 84 mL g(-1) preserved weight (p.w.) h(-1) determined for p,p'-DDE in Antarct... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22035943 | Aqueous uptake and sublethal toxicity of p,p'-DDE in non-feeding larval stages of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). This study evaluated the toxicological sensitivity of non-feeding larval stages of a key Antarctic species (Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba) to p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) expo... |
MED-933 | Recurrent monoarthritis in an 11-year-old boy with occult coeliac disease. Successful and stable remission after gluten-free diet. | A case of occult coeliac disease (CD) presenting with recurrent monoarthritis in a boy aged 11 years is reported. The case is unique due to the association of occult untreated CD and arthritis in childhood. Peripheral or axial arthritis as a first manifestation of occult CD has been described in adult patients, with an... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10464568 | Recurrent monoarthritis in an 11-year-old boy with occult coeliac disease. Successful and stable remission after gluten-free diet. A case of occult coeliac disease (CD) presenting with recurrent monoarthritis in a boy aged 11 years is reported. The case is unique due to the association of occult untreated CD and arthri... |
MED-934 | Prevalence of urinary stone disease in vegetarians. | A study was carried out to determine the effect of a low animal protein diet, such as taken by vegetarians, on the risk of urinary stone disease. A nation-wide survey of vegetarians in the UK showed that the prevalence of urinary stone formation is 40-60% of that predicted for a group of individuals taken from the gene... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7140784 | Prevalence of urinary stone disease in vegetarians. A study was carried out to determine the effect of a low animal protein diet, such as taken by vegetarians, on the risk of urinary stone disease. A nation-wide survey of vegetarians in the UK showed that the prevalence of urinary stone formation is 40-60% of that pred... |
MED-936 | Effect of vitamin C supplements on urinary oxalate and pH in calcium stone-forming patients. | BACKGROUND: The contribution of ascorbate to urinary oxalate is controversial. The present study aimed to determine whether urinary oxalate and pH may be affected by vitamin C supplementation in calcium stone-forming patients. METHODS: Forty-seven adult calcium stone-forming patients received either 1 g (N=23) or 2 g (... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12631089 | Effect of vitamin C supplements on urinary oxalate and pH in calcium stone-forming patients. BACKGROUND: The contribution of ascorbate to urinary oxalate is controversial. The present study aimed to determine whether urinary oxalate and pH may be affected by vitamin C supplementation in calcium stone-forming patients. ... |
MED-943 | Embryotoxic effects of pine needles and pine needle extracts. | A heat stable toxin present in needles of ponderosa pine was found to be soluble in methanol, ethanol, chloroform hexanes and 1-butanol. The embryotoxic effects of fresh green pine needles and a chloroform/methanol extract were determined by measuring embryo resorption in pregnant mice. Autoclaving the needles and extr... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/467079 | Embryotoxic effects of pine needles and pine needle extracts. A heat stable toxin present in needles of ponderosa pine was found to be soluble in methanol, ethanol, chloroform hexanes and 1-butanol. The embryotoxic effects of fresh green pine needles and a chloroform/methanol extract were determined by measuring embryo... |
MED-944 | Nanomaterials in consumer products: a challenging analytical problem. | Many products used in everyday life are made with the assistance of nanotechnologies. Cosmetic, pharmaceuticals, sunscreen, powdered food are only few examples of end products containing nano-sized particles (NPs), generally added to improve the product quality. To evaluate correctly benefits vs. risks of engineered na... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=titanium%20dioxide%20food | Nanomaterials in consumer products: a challenging analytical problem. Many products used in everyday life are made with the assistance of nanotechnologies. Cosmetic, pharmaceuticals, sunscreen, powdered food are only few examples of end products containing nano-sized particles (NPs), generally added to improve the prod... |
MED-945 | Review of the efficacy of green tea, isoflavones and aloe vera supplements based on randomised controlled trials. | We assess the evidence for health benefits of three commonly consumed plant food supplements (PFS), green tea, isoflavone and aloe vera, based on published systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Whilst the potential benefits of green tea have been reported in a wide range of health areas, it is only... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21927741 | Review of the efficacy of green tea, isoflavones and aloe vera supplements based on randomised controlled trials. We assess the evidence for health benefits of three commonly consumed plant food supplements (PFS), green tea, isoflavone and aloe vera, based on published systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials... |
MED-946 | Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. | BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder. The role of pharmacotherapy for IBS is limited and focused mainly on symptom control. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the t... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21833945 | Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder. The role of pharmacotherapy for IBS is limited and focused mainly on symptom control. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this systematic r... |
MED-947 | Aloe versus silver sulfadiazine creams for second-degree burns: a randomized controlled study. | PURPOSE: Burn injury is associated with a high incidence of death and disability; yet its management remains problematic and costly. We conducted this clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of aloe vera cream for partial thickness burn wounds and compare its results with those of silver sulfadiazine (SSD). METHODS: Th... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19562446 | Aloe versus silver sulfadiazine creams for second-degree burns: a randomized controlled study. PURPOSE: Burn injury is associated with a high incidence of death and disability; yet its management remains problematic and costly. We conducted this clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of aloe vera cream for partial thi... |
MED-948 | Microbiological examination of vegetable seed sprouts in Korea. | Sprouted vegetable seeds used as food have been implicated as sources of outbreaks of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. We profiled the microbiological quality of sprouts and seeds sold at retail shops in Seoul, Korea. Ninety samples of radish sprouts and mixed sprouts purchased at department stores, ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19435238 | Microbiological examination of vegetable seed sprouts in Korea. Sprouted vegetable seeds used as food have been implicated as sources of outbreaks of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. We profiled the microbiological quality of sprouts and seeds sold at retail shops in Seoul, Korea. Ninety samples of r... |
MED-949 | Efficacy of an herbal dietary supplement (Smooth Move) in the management of constipation in nursing home residents: A randomized, double-blind, pla... | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and cost effectiveness of an herbal tea, Smooth Move, in nursing home residents with chronic constipation. DESIGN: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-armed, parallel-group clinical trial. SETTING: A 483-bed nursing home in Allentown, Pennsylvania, operated by Lehigh County Govern... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17095420 | Efficacy of an herbal dietary supplement (Smooth Move) in the management of constipation in nursing home residents: A randomized, double-blind, pla... OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and cost effectiveness of an herbal tea, Smooth Move, in nursing home residents with chronic constipation. DESIGN: Double-blind, p... |
MED-950 | Multivitamin supplement use and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. | BACKGROUND: The association between consumption of multivitamins and breast cancer is inconsistent in epidemiologic studies. OBJECTIVE: To perform a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies to evaluate multivitamin intake and its relationship with breast cancer risk. METHODS: The published literature was system... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=search&term=Multivitamin%20Supplement%20Use%20and%20Risk%20of%20Breast%20Cancer%3A%20A%20Meta-Analysis | Multivitamin supplement use and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. BACKGROUND: The association between consumption of multivitamins and breast cancer is inconsistent in epidemiologic studies. OBJECTIVE: To perform a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies to evaluate multivitamin intake and its relationsh... |
MED-951 | The effect of supplemental vitamins and minerals on the development of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | BACKGROUND: Vitamin supplementation is used for many purposes with mainly alleged benefits. One of these is the use of various vitamins for the prevention of prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic. Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Database were searched; as well, we ha... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273283 | The effect of supplemental vitamins and minerals on the development of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BACKGROUND: Vitamin supplementation is used for many purposes with mainly alleged benefits. One of these is the use of various vitamins for the prevention of prostate cancer. METHODS: We conduc... |
MED-953 | Effects of acute consumption of a fruit and vegetable purée-based drink on vasodilation and oxidative status. | Epidemiological studies indicate that diets rich in fruits and vegetables (F&V) are protective against CVD. Puréed F&V products retain many beneficial components, including flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C and dietary fibres. The present study aimed to establish the physiological effects of acute ingestion of a F&V p... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23017441 | Effects of acute consumption of a fruit and vegetable purée-based drink on vasodilation and oxidative status. Epidemiological studies indicate that diets rich in fruits and vegetables (F&V) are protective against CVD. Puréed F&V products retain many beneficial components, including flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C an... |
MED-954 | Associations between maternal phthalate exposure and cord sex hormones in human infants. | It has been speculated that maternal phthalate exposure may affect reproductive development in human newborns. However, the mechanism awaits further investigation. The aim is to evaluate the association between maternal phthalate exposure and cord sex steroid hormones in pregnant women and their newborns from the gener... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21272909 | Associations between maternal phthalate exposure and cord sex hormones in human infants. It has been speculated that maternal phthalate exposure may affect reproductive development in human newborns. However, the mechanism awaits further investigation. The aim is to evaluate the association between maternal phthalate e... |
MED-955 | Comparative assessment of human exposure to phthalate esters from house dust in China and the United States. | Because of volatilization and leaching from their application in consumer and personal care products, phthalate esters are ubiquitous contaminants in the indoor environment. In this study, we measured concentrations and profiles of 9 phthalate esters in indoor dust samples collected from six cities in China (n = 75). F... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21434628 | Comparative assessment of human exposure to phthalate esters from house dust in China and the United States. Because of volatilization and leaching from their application in consumer and personal care products, phthalate esters are ubiquitous contaminants in the indoor environment. In this study, we measured concentrat... |
MED-956 | Emerging pollutants in wastewater: a review of the literature. | For 20 years, many articles report the presence of new compounds, called "emerging compounds", in wastewater and aquatic environments. The US EPA (United States - Environmental Protection Agency) defines emerging pollutants as new chemicals without regulatory status and which impact on environment and human health are ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885335 | Emerging pollutants in wastewater: a review of the literature. For 20 years, many articles report the presence of new compounds, called "emerging compounds", in wastewater and aquatic environments. The US EPA (United States - Environmental Protection Agency) defines emerging pollutants as new chemicals without regulato... |
MED-957 | Final report on the safety assessment of capsicum annuum extract, capsicum annuum fruit extract, capsicum annuum resin, capsicum annuum fruit powde... | Capsicum-derived ingredients function as skin-conditioning agents--miscellaneous, external analgesics, flavoring agents, or fragrance components in cosmetics. These ingredients are used in 19 cosmetic products at concentrations as high as 5%. Cosmetic-grade material may be extracted using hexane, ethanol, or vegetable ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17365137 | Final report on the safety assessment of capsicum annuum extract, capsicum annuum fruit extract, capsicum annuum resin, capsicum annuum fruit powde... Capsicum-derived ingredients function as skin-conditioning agents--miscellaneous, external analgesics, flavoring agents, or fragrance components in cosmetics. These ingr... |
MED-958 | A comparative review of thermography as a breast cancer screening technique. | Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer of women in North America. Despite advances in treatment that have reduced mortality, breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer induced death. Several well established tools are used to screen for breast cancer including clinical breast exams, mammogr... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19223370 | A comparative review of thermography as a breast cancer screening technique. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer of women in North America. Despite advances in treatment that have reduced mortality, breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer induced death. Several well established tools ... |
MED-959 | Neurologic abnormalities in cobalamin deficiency are associated with higher cobalamin "analogue" values than are hematologic abnormalities. | Serum cobalamin "analogue" levels were estimated by the discrepancy in cobalamin results with radioassays done with pure intrinsic factor and R binder in 364 patients with low cobalamin levels. No differences were found among the various causes of low cobalamin levels, except for the lower "analogue" levels among pregn... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3335826 | Neurologic abnormalities in cobalamin deficiency are associated with higher cobalamin "analogue" values than are hematologic abnormalities. Serum cobalamin "analogue" levels were estimated by the discrepancy in cobalamin results with radioassays done with pure intrinsic factor and R binder in 364 patients with low coba... |
MED-960 | Diagnostic performance of serum cobalamin tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | AIMS: Serum cobalamin (cbl, vitamin B(12)) tests are routinely ordered for investigating conditions potentially amenable to cbl supplementation. This study aimed to systematically assess the evidence of diagnostic accuracy for serum cbl tests across patient subgroups. METHODS: Seven medical databases were searched (199... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21716160 | Diagnostic performance of serum cobalamin tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AIMS: Serum cobalamin (cbl, vitamin B(12)) tests are routinely ordered for investigating conditions potentially amenable to cbl supplementation. This study aimed to systematically assess the evidence of diagnostic accuracy for serum... |
MED-962 | Treatment of Hypovitaminosis D in Infants and Toddlers | Context: Hypovitaminosis D appears to be on the rise in young children, with implications for skeletal and overall health. Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the safety and efficacy of vitamin D2 daily, vitamin D2 weekly, and vitamin D3 daily, combined with supplemental calcium, in raising serum 25-hy... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2729207/?tool=pubmed | Treatment of Hypovitaminosis D in Infants and Toddlers Context: Hypovitaminosis D appears to be on the rise in young children, with implications for skeletal and overall health. Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the safety and efficacy of vitamin D2 daily, vitamin D2 weekly, and vitamin D3 daily, com... |
MED-963 | Comparison of fatty acid, cholesterol, and vitamin A and E composition in eggs from hens housed in conventional cage and range production facilities. | The public perceives that the nutritional quality of eggs produced as free range is superior to that of eggs produced in cages. Therefore, this study compared the nutrient content of free-range vs. cage-produced shell eggs by examining the effects of the laboratory, production environment, and hen age. A flock of 500 H... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=21673178 | Comparison of fatty acid, cholesterol, and vitamin A and E composition in eggs from hens housed in conventional cage and range production facilities. The public perceives that the nutritional quality of eggs produced as free range is superior to that of eggs produced in cages. Therefore, this study compared the nutrien... |
MED-965 | Endothelial dysfunction: the early predictor of atherosclerosis | Since the discovery in the 1980s that nitric oxide (NO) is in fact the elusive endothelium-derived relaxing factor, it has become evident that NO is not only a major cardiovascular signalling molecule, but that changes in its bioavailability are crucial in determining whether atherosclerosis will develop or not. Sustai... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22614668 | Endothelial dysfunction: the early predictor of atherosclerosis Since the discovery in the 1980s that nitric oxide (NO) is in fact the elusive endothelium-derived relaxing factor, it has become evident that NO is not only a major cardiovascular signalling molecule, but that changes in its bioavailability are crucial in... |
MED-966 | Effects of different types of exercise training followed by detraining on endothelium-dependent dilation in patients with recent myocardial infarct... | BACKGROUND: In coronary artery disease, exercise training (ET) is associated with an improvement in endothelial function, but little is known about the relative effect of different types of training. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the effect of different types of ET on endothelial function in 2... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19289636 | Effects of different types of exercise training followed by detraining on endothelium-dependent dilation in patients with recent myocardial infarct... BACKGROUND: In coronary artery disease, exercise training (ET) is associated with an improvement in endothelial function, but little is known about the relative effect o... |
MED-967 | Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables improves microvascular function in hypertensive subjects in a dose-dependent manner. | BACKGROUND: Observational evidence has consistently linked increased fruit and vegetable consumption with reduced cardiovascular morbidity; however, there is little direct trial evidence to support the concept that fruit and vegetable consumption improves vascular function. This study assessed the dose-dependent effect... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19364976 | Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables improves microvascular function in hypertensive subjects in a dose-dependent manner. BACKGROUND: Observational evidence has consistently linked increased fruit and vegetable consumption with reduced cardiovascular morbidity; however, there is little direct trial evidence to suppo... |
MED-969 | Spatial and temporal dynamics of the endothelium. | The endothelium is a highly metabolically active organ that is involved in many physiological processes, including the control of vasomotor tone, barrier function, leukocyte adhesion and trafficking, inflammation, and hemostasis. Endothelial cell phenotypes are differentially regulated in space and time. Endothelial ce... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15892866 | Spatial and temporal dynamics of the endothelium. The endothelium is a highly metabolically active organ that is involved in many physiological processes, including the control of vasomotor tone, barrier function, leukocyte adhesion and trafficking, inflammation, and hemostasis. Endothelial cell phenotypes are differen... |
MED-970 | Diet and risk of diverticular disease in Oxford cohort of European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): prospective study of British vegetarians and non-vegetarians | Objective To examine the associations of a vegetarian diet and dietary fibre intake with risk of diverticular disease. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting The EPIC-Oxford study, a cohort of mainly health conscious participants recruited from around the United Kingdom. Participants 47 033 men and women living in En... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21771850 | Diet and risk of diverticular disease in Oxford cohort of European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): prospective study of British vegetarians and non-vegetarians Objective To examine the associations of a vegetarian diet and dietary fibre intake with risk of diverticular disease. Design Prospe... |
MED-972 | Symptomless diverticular disease and intake of dietary fibre. | A study is reported in which the prevalence of symptomless diverticular disease of the colon is related to the consumption of dietary fibre in vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Vegetarians had a significantly higher mean fibre intake (41.5 g/day) than non-vegetarians (21.4 g/day). Diverticular disease was commoner in no... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/85104 | Symptomless diverticular disease and intake of dietary fibre. A study is reported in which the prevalence of symptomless diverticular disease of the colon is related to the consumption of dietary fibre in vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Vegetarians had a significantly higher mean fibre intake (41.5 g/day) than non-veg... |
MED-973 | What is a high fiber diet? | There is no recognized definition of what constitutes a high fiber diet. Intakes of dietary fiber in different populations internationally vary widely from less than 20 g to more than 80 g per day. The types of foods contributing fiber also vary; in some countries cereals contribute the most fiber, in others leafy or r... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9361828 | What is a high fiber diet? There is no recognized definition of what constitutes a high fiber diet. Intakes of dietary fiber in different populations internationally vary widely from less than 20 g to more than 80 g per day. The types of foods contributing fiber also vary; in some countries cereals contribute the most ... |
MED-974 | Complicated Diverticulitis | Introduction: Much of our knowledge and treatment of complicated diverticulitis (CD) are based on outdated literature reporting mortality rates of 10%. Practice parameters recommend elective resection after 2 episodes of diverticulitis to reduce morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to update our understand... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16192818 | Complicated Diverticulitis Introduction: Much of our knowledge and treatment of complicated diverticulitis (CD) are based on outdated literature reporting mortality rates of 10%. Practice parameters recommend elective resection after 2 episodes of diverticulitis to reduce morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study ... |
MED-975 | Diverticular disease of the colon. The first of the Western diseases shown to be due to a deficiency of dietary fibre. | Diverticular disease of the colon is a new disease that appeared at the beginning of this century. It is now the commonest disease of the colon in the Western world, being found in 1 in 3 people of over 60 years of age. The pathogenesis of the disease involves excessive segmentation, but this does not explain its aetio... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283684 | Diverticular disease of the colon. The first of the Western diseases shown to be due to a deficiency of dietary fibre. Diverticular disease of the colon is a new disease that appeared at the beginning of this century. It is now the commonest disease of the colon in the Western world, being found in 1 in 3 people of ove... |
MED-976 | Prevalence of diverticular disease, hiatus hernia, and pelvic phleboliths in black and white Americans. | Phleboliths, and especially diverticular disease and hiatus hernia, are rarer in developing countries than in economically more developed communities, but all three conditions were as common in Black as in White Americans. This finding suggests that they are due to environmental rather than to genetic causes. A deficie... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2864589 | Prevalence of diverticular disease, hiatus hernia, and pelvic phleboliths in black and white Americans. Phleboliths, and especially diverticular disease and hiatus hernia, are rarer in developing countries than in economically more developed communities, but all three conditions were as common in Black as in White Amer... |
MED-977 | Constipation and a Low-Fiber Diet are Not Associated with Diverticulosis | Background & Aims Asymptomatic diverticulosis is commonly attributed to constipation secondary to a low-fiber diet, although evidence for this mechanism is limited. We examined the associations between constipation and low dietary fiber intake with risk of asymptomatic diverticulosis. Methods We performed a cross secti... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23891924 | Constipation and a Low-Fiber Diet are Not Associated with Diverticulosis Background & Aims Asymptomatic diverticulosis is commonly attributed to constipation secondary to a low-fiber diet, although evidence for this mechanism is limited. We examined the associations between constipation and low dietary fiber intake wit... |
MED-978 | A Delayed Recrudescent Case of Sigmoidocutaneous Fistula due to Diverticulitis | Colocutaneous fistula caused by diverticulitis is relatively rare, and a delayed recrudescent case of colocutaneous fistula is very uncommon. We herein report a rare case of a Japanese 56-year-old male with delayed recrudescent sigmoidocutaneous fistula due to diverticulitis. A colocutaneous fistula was formed after a ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21487556 | A Delayed Recrudescent Case of Sigmoidocutaneous Fistula due to Diverticulitis Colocutaneous fistula caused by diverticulitis is relatively rare, and a delayed recrudescent case of colocutaneous fistula is very uncommon. We herein report a rare case of a Japanese 56-year-old male with delayed recrudescent sigmoidocutan... |
MED-979 | Giant and multiple jejunal diverticula presenting as peritonitis a significant challenging disorder | Jejunal diverticula are an uncommon acquired disease that is usually silent and asymptomatic. When symptomatic, they present with chronic nonspecific symptoms like pain, nausea, malnutrition and sometimes with acute presentation like gastrointestinal hemorrhage, peritonitis and obstruction. The majority of complication... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23049633 | Giant and multiple jejunal diverticula presenting as peritonitis a significant challenging disorder Jejunal diverticula are an uncommon acquired disease that is usually silent and asymptomatic. When symptomatic, they present with chronic nonspecific symptoms like pain, nausea, malnutrition and sometimes with acute pres... |
MED-980 | Homocysteine-Lowering by B Vitamins Slows the Rate of Accelerated Brain Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial | Background An increased rate of brain atrophy is often observed in older subjects, in particular those who suffer from cognitive decline. Homocysteine is a risk factor for brain atrophy, cognitive impairment and dementia. Plasma concentrations of homocysteine can be lowered by dietary administration of B vitamins. Obje... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20838622 | Homocysteine-Lowering by B Vitamins Slows the Rate of Accelerated Brain Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial Background An increased rate of brain atrophy is often observed in older subjects, in particular those who suffer from cognitive decline. Homocysteine is a risk factor for brain at... |
MED-981 | Plasma total homocysteine status of vegetarians compared with omnivores: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | There is strong evidence indicating that elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels are a major independent biomarker and/or a contributor to chronic conditions, such as CVD. A deficiency of vitamin B₁₂ can elevate homocysteine. Vegetarians are a group of the population who are potentially at greater risk of vita... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23298782 | Plasma total homocysteine status of vegetarians compared with omnivores: a systematic review and meta-analysis. There is strong evidence indicating that elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels are a major independent biomarker and/or a contributor to chronic conditions, such as CVD. A deficiency of vitamin B₁₂... |
MED-982 | Mechanisms of homocysteine neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases with special reference to dementia. | Mild to moderate hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Human studies suggest that homocysteine (Hcy) plays a role in brain damage, cognitive and memory decline. Numerous studies in recent years investigated the role of Hcy as a cause of brain damage. Hcy itself or folate and vitamin B12 ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16697371 | Mechanisms of homocysteine neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases with special reference to dementia. Mild to moderate hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Human studies suggest that homocysteine (Hcy) plays a role in brain damage, cognitive and memory decline. Numerous studies in ... |
MED-983 | Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer's disease. | BACKGROUND: Our goal was to forecast the global burden of Alzheimer's disease and evaluate the potential impact of interventions that delay disease onset or progression. METHODS: A stochastic, multistate model was used in conjunction with United Nations worldwide population forecasts and data from epidemiological studi... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19595937 | Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer's disease. BACKGROUND: Our goal was to forecast the global burden of Alzheimer's disease and evaluate the potential impact of interventions that delay disease onset or progression. METHODS: A stochastic, multistate model was used in conjunction with United Nations worldwide po... |
MED-984 | Plasma concentrations of homocysteine and other aminothiol compounds are related to food intake in healthy human subjects. | We investigated total, free and protein-bound plasma homocysteine, cysteine and cysteinylglycine in 13 subjects aged 24-29 y after a breakfast at 0900 h containing 15-18 g of protein and a dinner at 1500 h containing approximately 50 g of protein. Twelve subjects had normal fasting homocysteine (mean +/- SD, 7.6 +/- 1.... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7931702 | Plasma concentrations of homocysteine and other aminothiol compounds are related to food intake in healthy human subjects. We investigated total, free and protein-bound plasma homocysteine, cysteine and cysteinylglycine in 13 subjects aged 24-29 y after a breakfast at 0900 h containing 15-18 g of protein and a dinner a... |
MED-985 | Is Hyperhomocysteinemia an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factor, an AD marker or neither? | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease. The vast majority cases of AD are sporadic, without clear cause, and a combination of environmental and genetic factors have been implicated. The hypothesis that homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for AD was initially prompted by the observ... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21684021 | Is Hyperhomocysteinemia an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factor, an AD marker or neither? Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease. The vast majority cases of AD are sporadic, without clear cause, and a combination of environmental and genetic factors have been implicated. The hypot... |
MED-986 | Effect of homocysteine lowering treatment on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | Elevated total plasma homocysteine has been linked to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia in later life and this can be reliably lowered by the daily supplementation of vitamin B6, B12, and folic acid. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 English language randomized, placebo-control... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22232016 | Effect of homocysteine lowering treatment on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Elevated total plasma homocysteine has been linked to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia in later life and this can be reliably lowered by the daily supplementation o... |
MED-987 | Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. | BACKGROUND: In cross-sectional studies, elevated plasma homocysteine levels have been associated with poor cognition and dementia. Studies of newly diagnosed dementia are required in order to establish whether the elevated homocysteine levels precede the onset of dementia or result from dementia-related nutritional and... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11844848 | Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. BACKGROUND: In cross-sectional studies, elevated plasma homocysteine levels have been associated with poor cognition and dementia. Studies of newly diagnosed dementia are required in order to establish whether the elevated homocysteine levels pr... |
MED-988 | Hypothesis: hyperhomocysteinemia is an indicator of oxidant stress. | Elevated plasma homocysteine levels are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, as well as a variety of other pathologies such as birth defects, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, osteoporosis, diabetes and renal disease. Homocysteine metabolism is catalyzed by a number of enzymes tha... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21963358 | Hypothesis: hyperhomocysteinemia is an indicator of oxidant stress. Elevated plasma homocysteine levels are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, as well as a variety of other pathologies such as birth defects, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, osteoporosis, diabetes and renal dise... |
MED-990 | Associations between elevated homocysteine, cognitive impairment, and reduced white matter volume in healthy old adults. | OBJECTIVES: Elevated homocysteine has emerged as a risk factor for cognitive impairment even in healthy elderly persons. Reduced brain volume and white matter hyperintensities also occur in healthy elderly as well, but the interrelationships between these have not been well studied. We report these interrelationships i... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23343490 | Associations between elevated homocysteine, cognitive impairment, and reduced white matter volume in healthy old adults. OBJECTIVES: Elevated homocysteine has emerged as a risk factor for cognitive impairment even in healthy elderly persons. Reduced brain volume and white matter hyperintensities also occur in healthy e... |
MED-991 | Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment without Dementia in the United States | Background Cognitive impairment without dementia is associated with increased risk for disability, increased health care costs, and progression to dementia. There are no population-based prevalence estimates of this condition in the United States. Objective To estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment without dem... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347351 | Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment without Dementia in the United States Background Cognitive impairment without dementia is associated with increased risk for disability, increased health care costs, and progression to dementia. There are no population-based prevalence estimates of this condition in the United States.... |
MED-992 | Vegan diet-based lifestyle program rapidly lowers homocysteine levels. | BACKGROUND: Plasma homocysteine levels have been directly associated with cardiac disease risk. Current research raises concerns as to whether comprehensive lifestyle approaches including a plant-based diet may interact with other known modulators of homocysteine levels. METHODS: We report our observations of homocyste... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10684746 | Vegan diet-based lifestyle program rapidly lowers homocysteine levels. BACKGROUND: Plasma homocysteine levels have been directly associated with cardiac disease risk. Current research raises concerns as to whether comprehensive lifestyle approaches including a plant-based diet may interact with other known modulators o... |
MED-993 | Association between dietary fiber intake and the folate status of a group of female adolescents. | The main objective of this study was to assess the association between dietary fiber intake and the folate status of Canadian female adolescents. We also assessed dietary folate intakes and evaluated the prevalence of biochemical folate deficiency in these subjects. Female adolescents aged 14-19 y (n = 224) were recrui... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9394694 | Association between dietary fiber intake and the folate status of a group of female adolescents. The main objective of this study was to assess the association between dietary fiber intake and the folate status of Canadian female adolescents. We also assessed dietary folate intakes and evaluated the prevalence of bioch... |
MED-994 | Preventing Alzheimer’s disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment | Is it possible to prevent atrophy of key brain regions related to cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)? One approach is to modify nongenetic risk factors, for instance by lowering elevated plasma homocysteine using B vitamins. In an initial, randomized controlled study on elderly subjects with increased demen... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23690582 | Preventing Alzheimer’s disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment Is it possible to prevent atrophy of key brain regions related to cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)? One approach is to modify nongenetic risk factors, for instance by lowering elevated plasma homocysteine using B vitamins. I... |
MED-995 | Human exposure to PBDEs: associations of PBDE body burdens with food consumption and house dust concentrations. | This study was designed to determine the body burden of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) among first-time mothers in the Greater Boston, Massachusetts area and to explore key routes of exposure. We collected breast milk samples from 46 first-time mothers, 2-8 weeks after birth. We also sampled house dust from the... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17396645 | Human exposure to PBDEs: associations of PBDE body burdens with food consumption and house dust concentrations. This study was designed to determine the body burden of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) among first-time mothers in the Greater Boston, Massachusetts area and to explore key routes of exposure. We coll... |
MED-996 | Concentrations and speciation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human amniotic fluid | Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent organic chemicals used as flame retardants in textiles, plastics, and consumer products. Although PBDE accumulation in humans has been noted since the 1970s, few studies have investigated PBDEs within the gestational compartment, and none to date has identified leve... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22236635 | Concentrations and speciation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human amniotic fluid Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent organic chemicals used as flame retardants in textiles, plastics, and consumer products. Although PBDE accumulation in humans has been noted since the 1970s, few studies have inv... |
MED-998 | Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Breast Milk and Neuropsychological Development in Infants | Background: There is increasing interest in the potential effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on children’s neuropsychological development, but only a few small studies have evaluated such effects. Objectives: Our goal was to examine the association between PBDE concentrations in colostrum and infant neur... | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23052368 | Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Breast Milk and Neuropsychological Development in Infants Background: There is increasing interest in the potential effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on children’s neuropsychological development, but only a few small studies have evaluated such effects. Objectiv... |
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