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# I. ## AFRICA'S HISTORY
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## General Historians who are accustomed to reconstruct history from written documents or from tablets or papyri do not find a fruitful field of research in Negroid Africa outside the sphere of the Egyptian civilization. In Africa, documented history does not begin before the arrival of the Europeans in the fifteenth...
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So far, archaeology has been unable to assist substantially in rounding out the picture of Africa's past. At the present time archaeological evidence is not only sporadic, but for many sections of the continent almost completely lacking. Even where, as in northern, eastern, and southern Africa, comparatively large numb...
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# Bushmen and Pygmies It appears rather certain that the Bushmen as well as the Pygmies, who now survive only in the uninviting desert lands of the Kalahari and in the dense forests of the Equatorial region, were once the sole masters over wider territories in East, South, and Central, and perhaps even in West, Afric...
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Most noteworthy among the relics of Africa's early periods are the rock-paintings (petrographs) and rock-engravings (petroglyphs) which have been discovered in many parts of the continent (Fig. 2). Scattered over the Saharan north, from the Atlas Mountains of Morocco to the djebels and wadis of Nubia and Kordofan, in t...
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"No reliable chronology for Africa's rock-art has been established as yet, nor have the sequences of(...TRUNCATED)
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"![img-1.jpeg](img_ref_2) \nFig. 3. Bushman ornaments. Necklace made of ostrich egg shell discs ( 1(...TRUNCATED)
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"Evaluating, then, the scanty facts of archaeology and interrelating them with still scantier lingui(...TRUNCATED)
{"Header 1":"Bushmen and Pygmies","Header 2":null,"image_references":[],"images_base64":[],"start_in(...TRUNCATED)
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"# Negroes \nHow long the Negroes, those \"typical\" Africans, have inhabited this continent, it is(...TRUNCATED)
{"Header 1":"Negroes","Header 2":null,"image_references":["img_ref_3"],"images_base64":["data:image/(...TRUNCATED)
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"# The Chief Ethnic Groups \nIrrespective of the ancient history of African peoples, it may suffice(...TRUNCATED)
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