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The use of biomaterials, such as bacteriophages, as drug delivery vehicles (DDVs) has gained increasing interest in recent years due to their potential to address the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems. Bacteriophages offer several advantages as drug carriers, such as high specificity for targeting bacte... |
Lung cancer continues to be a major health problem worldwide owing to its incidence, and causes physical, psychological, social, and economic problems. Activated cytotoxic T cells (ACTC) are positively correlated with the tumor microenvironment (TME), improving the prognosis of cancer patients. Recently, ACTC-derived e... |
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis depends on polymerization of a branched actin network to provide force for membrane invagination. A key regulator in branched actin network formation is actin capping protein (CP), which binds to the barbed end of actin filaments to prevent the addition or loss of actin subunits. CP was th... |
LMNA mutations cause laminopathies that afflict the cardiovascular system and include Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. The origins of tissue specificity in these diseases are unclear as the lamin A/C proteins are broadly expressed. We show that LMNA transcript levels are not predictive of lamin A/C protein levels ... |
Nanopore sensing is at the forefront of the technological revolution of the protein research field and has been widely used in molecular diagnosis and molecular dynamics, as well as for various sequencing applications. However, direct protein sensing with biological nanopores is still challenging owing to the large mol... |
The successful expression and secretion of recombinant proteins in cell factories significantly depend on the correct folding of nascent peptides, primarily achieved through disulfide bond formation. Thus, optimizing cellular protein folding is crucial, especially for proteins with complex spatial structures. In this s... |
RNA methyltransferase DNMT2/TRDMT1 is the most conserved member of the DNMT family from bacteria to plants and mammals. In previous studies, we found some determinants for tRNA recognition of DNMT2/TRDMT1, but the preference mechanism of this enzyme for substrates tRNA and DNA remains to be explored. In the present stu... |
Antibody assays with the nucleocapsid (NC) protein as the target antigen can identify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections when polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses are unavailable. Regarding the kinetics of NC-specific antibodies, vaccine breakthroughs with Omicron subvariants ma... |
Since its outbreak in late 2021, the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been widely reported to be able to evade neutralizing antibodies, becoming more transmissible while causing milder symptoms than previous SARS-CoV-2 strains. Understanding the underlying molecul... |
Aerobic glycolysis is critical for cancer progression and can be exploited in cancer therapy. Here, we report that the human carboxymethylenebutenolidase homolog (carboxymethylenebutenolidase-like [CMBL]) acts as a tumor suppressor by reprogramming glycolysis in colorectal cancer (CRC). The anti-cancer action of CMBL i... |
One of the hallmarks of intractable psoriasis is neutrophil infiltration in skin lesions. However, detailed molecular mechanisms of neutrophil chemotaxis and activation remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate a significant upregulation of epidermal fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP, FABP5) in the skin of human psoriasis ... |
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play crucial roles in sensory, immune, and tumor metastasis processes, making them valuable targets for pharmacological and sensing applications in various industries. However, most GPCRs have low production yields in Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression systems. To overcome this li... |
Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is a progressive disease characterized by an abrupt aggregation of misfolded protein in multiple organs and tissues TTR is a tetrameric protein expressed in the liver and choroid plexus. Protein misfolding triggers monomerization of TTR tetramers. Next, monomers assemble forming oligomer... |
Animal feed ingredients, especially those abundant in high quality protein, are the most expensive component of livestock production. Sustainable alternative feedstocks may be sourced from abundant, low value agricultural byproducts. California almond production generates nearly 3 Mtons of biomass per year with about 5... |
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked enzymopathy caused by mutations in the G6PD gene. A medical concern associated with G6PD deficiency is acute hemolytic anemia induced by certain foods, drugs, and infections. Although phenotypic tests can correctly identify hemizygous males, as well as ... |
Astrocytic tumors are known for their high progression capacity and high mortality rates; in this regard, proteins correlated to prognosis can aid medical conduct. Although several genetic changes related to progression from grade 2 to grade 4 astrocytoma are already known, mRNA copies do not necessarily correlate with... |
Protein misfolding and aggregation is a characteristic of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The oligomers generated during aggregation are likely involved in disease pathogenesis and present promising biomarker candidates. However, owing to their small size and low concent... |
DNA methylation mediates silencing of transposable elements and genes in part via recruitment of the Arabidopsis MBD5/6 complex, which contains the methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) proteins MBD5 and MBD6, and the J-domain containing protein SILENZIO (SLN). Here, we characterize two additional complex members: α-crystall... |
Patients with advanced cancers who either do not experience initial response to or progress while on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) receive salvage radiotherapy to reduce tumor burden and tumor-related symptoms. Occasionally, some patients experience substantial global tumor regression with a rebound of cytotoxic ... |
Synaptic plasticity plays a crucial role in memory formation by regulating the communication between neurons. Although actin polymerization has been linked to synaptic plasticity and dendritic spine stability, the causal link between actin polymerization and memory encoding has not been identified yet. It is not clear ... |
Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth, and its availability in the soil varies widely, requiring plants to respond and adapt to the changing K nutrient status. We show here that plant growth rate is closely correlated with K status in the medium, and this K-dependent growth is mediated by the hig... |
The organelle contact site of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, known as the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), is a multifunctional microdomain in cellular homeostasis. We previously reported that MAM disruption is a common pathological feature in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); however, the precis... |
Patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) present with a number of premature aging phenotypes, including DNA damage accumulation, and many of them die of cardiovascular complications. Although vascular pathologies have been reported, whether HGPS patients exhibit cardiac dysfunction and its underlying m... |
Membrane proteins (MPs) play a crucial role in cell signaling, molecular transport, and catalysis and thus are at the heart of designing pharmacological targets. Although structural characterization of MPs at the molecular level is essential to elucidate their biological function, it poses a significant challenge for s... |
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are a novel class of porous nanomaterials that show great potential for intracellular delivery of protein therapeutics. However, the inherent challenges in interfacing protein with HOFs, and the need for spatiotemporally controlling the release of protein within cells, have con... |
In order to obtain a soft-textured protein gel suitable for the elderly, the cod protein gel was prepared by improving the protein flexibility under ultrasound treatment. It has been found that the increase in ultrasonic power, protein flexibility, particle size, ζ-potential, surface hydrophobicity, and α-hel... |
Prokaryotes synthesize fatty acids using a type II synthesis pathway (FAS). In this process, the central player, i.e., the acyl carrier protein (ACP), sequesters the growing acyl chain in its internal hydrophobic cavity. As the acyl chain length increases, the cavity expands in size, which is reflected in the NMR chemi... |
Chitinase has been identified as an important target for insecticides. In this study, a series of novel chitinase inhibitors was designed and synthesized with nitrobenzoxadiazoles. Compound <b>8d</b>, which contains the <i>N</i>-methylcarbamoylguanidinyl, exhibited high enzyme inhibitory activity and achieved nanomolar... |
Liver X receptor (LXR), well known for its role in cholesterol metabolism, also has anti-inflammatory properties. In this issue of Immunity, Hou et al. demonstrate that LXR signaling induces SMPDL3A, a cGAMP-degrading enzyme that restricts cGAS-cGAMP-STING innate immune signaling, providing a mechanistic link between l... |
The influenza neuraminidase has historically been understudied compared to its surface protein counterpart, hemagglutinin. In two recent Immunity papers, Hansen et al. and Lei et al. bolster resurging interest in neuraminidase-targeting antibodies and their implications for therapy and "universal" vaccines. |
Tumors develop by invoking a supportive environment characterized by aberrant angiogenesis and infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In a transgenic model of breast cancer, we found that TAMs localized to the tumor parenchyma and were smaller than mammary tissue macrophages. TAMs had low activity of the ... |
Context Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in the uteri. Repulsive guidance molecule b (RGMb; a.k.a. Dragon) has been confirmed as the coreceptor of BMPs to function through drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (Smads) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways. We hypoth... |
Irrational nitrogen (N) fertilizer management and application practices have led to a range of ecological and environmental problems that seriously threaten food security. In this study, an effective N fertilizer management strategy was established for improving N fertilizer utilization efficiency (NUE). Biochar, N<sub... |
Egg-washing wastewater contains a high concentration of nutrition and organic matter since eggs are broken during the washing and cleaning processes. Moreover, the wastewater contains small amounts of detergents or sanitizing agents. These contaminants may pose environmental challenges when they are not properly manage... |
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) are essential for triggering and relaying action potentials (AP), which perform critical functions in a variety of physiological processes, such as controlling muscle contractions and facilitating the release of neurotransmitters. In this study, we used a mouse C2C12 cell differenti... |
Benzo[α]pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is present in the aquatic environment and may be harmful to aquatic animals. We exposed the mud crab Scylla paramamosain to BaP for 7 days, the of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme (LZM), glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-tra... |
The majority of large multiresistance plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus utilise a RepA_N-type replication initiation protein, the expression of which is regulated by a small antisense RNA (RNAI) that overlaps the rep mRNA leader. The pSK41/pGO1-family of conjugative plasmids additionally possess a small (86 codon) dive... |
The microalga Arthrospira platensis BEA 005B was produced in 11.4 m<sup>3</sup> raceway photobioreactors and a culture medium based on commercial fertilisers and either freshwater or seawater. The biomass productivity of the reactors operated at a fixed dilution rate of 0.3 day<sup>-1</sup> decreased from 22.... |
Cancer metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related deaths, emphasizing the urgent need for effective therapies. Although it has been shown that GMI, a fungal protein from Ganoderma microsporum, could suppress primary tumor growth in a wide spectrum of cancer types, it is still unclear whether GMI exhibits anti-metast... |
Abnormal trophoblast function is associated with diseases such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, pre-eclampsia, and preterm birth, and endangers maternal and fetal health. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found DOCK1 expression is decreased in the placental villi of patie... |
This study aimed to observe the mechanism and effect of circ_0004771 on cardiomyocyte injury in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The differences in circ_0004771 expression in the blood of AMI patients and healthy volunteers were observed by Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction. AMI c... |
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of heart failure. In this study, we screened the immune infiltration-related genes associated with DCM to explore the potential molecular mechanisms and provide a basis for the early diagnosis and development of new immunotherapeutic targets. A dataset related to DCM was d... |
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common coronary artery disease. This study attempted to reveal the impact of circ-SUZ12 (hsa_circ_0042961) on cardiomyocyte injury after exposure to hypoxia.Circ-SUZ12 was screened out from the GEO dataset GSE169594. RNA expression and protein level were detected by quantitative r... |
This retrospective study was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit in Beijing. Patients whose blood culture yielded <i>Candida utilis</i> during hospitalisation from January 2009 to December 2017 were enrolled. Thirteen preterm infants of median gestational age 29.85 weeks were included. Laboratory tests on the d... |
Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting either programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been established as a novel target for immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Prevalence of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC varies from 13% to 70%, with sparse data from the Indian... |
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) which is the most common cause of death from bacterial illness. Millions of victims of TB infections have been recorded including 20,800 deaths amongst HIV positive individuals. Hence, there is a rising need for new and active compounds against M. tb prot... |
<b>Objective:</b> To investigate the molecular mechanism of how lactate induces high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release. <b>Methods:</b> Gastric cancer HGC-27 cells were divided into the control group and the lactate group (The cells were treated with lactate for 6 h). The level of HMGB1 in the cell culture medium w... |
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly vascularized malignant cancer of the central nervous system, and the presence of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) severely limits the effectiveness of anti-vascular therapy. In this study, we identified downregulated circHECTD1, which acted as a key VM-suppressed factor in GBM. circHE... |
BRISC (BRCC3 isopeptidase complex) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that has been linked with inflammatory processes, but its role in liver diseases and the underlying mechanism are unknown. Here, we investigated the pathophysiological role of BRISC in acute liver failure using a mice model induced by D-galactosamine (D-Ga... |
Spinal muscular atrophy is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in the multifunctional protein Survival of Motor Neuron, or SMN. Within the nucleus, SMN localizes to Cajal bodies, which are associated with nucleoli, nuclear organelles dedicated to the first steps of ribosome biogenesis. The ... |
This study addresses the environmental risks associated with the accumulation of keratin waste from poultry, which is resistant to conventional protein degradation methods. To tackle this issue, microbial keratinases have emerged as promising tools for transforming resilient keratin materials into valuable products. We... |
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly lethal pathogen of domestic and wild pigs. Due to no vaccines or drugs available, early accurate diagnosis and eradication of infected animals are the most important measures for ASFV prevention and control. Bluetongue virus (BTV) core-like particles (CLPs) are non-infectiou... |
Early diagnosis is one of the most important factors in determining the prognosis in cancer. Sensitive detection and quantification of tumour-specific biomarkers have the potential to improve significantly our diagnostic capability. Here, we introduce a triggerable aptamer-based nanostructure based on an oligonucleotid... |
Chitin is an abundant, carbon-rich polymer in the marine environment. Chitinase activity has been detected in spent media of Synechococcus WH7803 cultures-yet it was unclear which specific enzymes were involved. Here we delivered a CRISPR tool into the cells via electroporation to generate loss-of-function mutants of p... |
Forest soils are important components of forest ecosystems, and soil quality assessment as a decision-making tool to understand forest soil quality and maintain soil productivity is essential. Various methods of soil quality assessment have been developed, which have occasionally generated inconsistent assessment resul... |
G. sinensis is a crucial tree species in China, possessing important economic and ecological value, and having a wide geographical distribution. G. sinensis seedlings is highly vulnerable to the drought-rehydration-drought cycle during their growth, and there is a lack of quantitative and systematic research on the phy... |
Hydrolyzed protein diets are extensively used to treat chronic enteropathy (CE) in cats. However, the biochemical effects of such a diet on feline CE have not been characterized. In this study an untargeted <sup>1</sup>H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomic approach was used to compare the urinary,... |
Cassava storage roots (SR) are an important source of food energy and raw material for a wide range of applications. Understanding SR initiation and the associated regulation is critical to boosting tuber yield in cassava. Decades of transcriptome studies have identified key regulators relevant to SR formation, transcr... |
To understand the biological impact of alternative pre-mRNA splicing, it is vital to know which exons are involved, what protein domains they encode, and how the translated isoforms differ. Therefore, we developed a computational pipeline (RiboSplitter) focused on functional effect prediction. It builds on event-based ... |
Structural variations (SVs) and copy number variations (CNVs) contribute to trait variations in fleshy-fruited species. Here, we assemble 10 genomes of genetically diverse Malus accessions, including the ever-green cultivar 'Granny Smith' and the widely cultivated cultivar 'Red Fuji'. Combining with three previously re... |
Glutamine synthetases (GS) play central roles in cellular nitrogen assimilation. Although GS active-site formation requires the oligomerization of just two GS subunits, all GS form large, multi-oligomeric machines. Here we describe a structural dissection of the archaeal Methanosarcina mazei (Mm) GS and its regulation.... |
Methylmercury (MeHg) is converted to inorganic mercury (iHg) in several organs; however, its impact on tissues and cells remains poorly understood. Previously, we established a bacterial organomercury lyase (MerB)-expressing mammalian cell line to overcome the low cell permeability of iHg and investigate its effects. H... |
Iron is indispensable for almost all forms of life but toxic at elevated levels<sup>1-4</sup>. To survive within their hosts, bacterial pathogens have evolved iron uptake, storage and detoxification strategies to maintain iron homeostasis<sup>1,5,6</sup>. Recent studies showed that three Gram-negative environmental ana... |
Three billion years of evolution has produced a tremendous diversity of protein molecules<sup>1</sup>, but the full potential of proteins is likely to be much greater. Accessing this potential has been challenging for both computation and experiments because the space of possible protein molecules is much larger than t... |
Cellular functions are mediated by protein-protein interactions, and mapping the interactome provides fundamental insights into biological systems. Affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry is an ideal tool for such mapping, but it has been difficult to identify low copy number complexes, membrane complexes an... |
Human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) is an essential enzyme that recognizes and removes 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a common DNA oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species, to maintain genomic integrity of living organisms. Abnormal expression of hOGG1 has been proved to be associated with different diseases s... |
Mycoparasitism is a key feature of Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) biocontrol agents. Recent studies of intracellular signal transduction pathways of the potent mycoparasite Trichoderma atroviride revealed the involvement of Tmk1, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), in triggering the mycoparasitic response... |
Single amino acid (AA) supplementations in foods are increasing, however their potential nutritional and physiological impacts are not fully understood. This study examined the effects of L-lysine (Lys) supplementation on protein quality of diets, serum AA concentrations and associations between the ratio of supplement... |
The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of kisspeptin-10 (KiSS-10) in the regulation of collagen content in cardiac fibroblasts. An attempt was also made to describe the mechanism of the effect of KiSS-10 on collagen metabolism. The studies indicate that kisspeptin-10 significantly increases the content of intrac... |
Cold stress affects the growth and development of cucumbers. Whether the BPC2 transcription factor participates in cold tolerance and its regulatory mechanism in plants have not been reported. Here, we used wild-type (WT) cucumber seedlings and two mutant Csbpc2 lines as materials. The underlying mechanisms were studie... |
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher intestinal mucosal permeability, leading to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage and endotoxemia. This, in turn, leads to oxidative stress (OS) and neuro-inflammation caused by the gut-brain axis, affecting the neurotrophic factors levels such as brain-derived neu... |
Lipid metabolism has a crucial role in neural repair in neurodegenerative diseases. We recently revealed that lipogenesis-mediated interleukin-33 (IL-33) upregulation lead to blood-brain barrier (BBB) repair after ischemic stroke. However, manipulating the key enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN) to enhance lipogenesis wa... |
Despite remarkable advancements in cancer immunotherapy, the overall response rate to anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients remains low. Our previous study has demonstrated the critical role of CacyBP/SIP (Calcyclin-Binding Protein and Siah-1 Interacting Protein) as... |
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly contagious and deadly virus that leads to high mortality rates in domestic swine populations. Although the envelope protein CD2v of ASFV has been implicated in immunomodulation, the molecular mechanisms underlying CD2v-mediated immunoregulation remain unclear. In this study,... |
Label="BACKGROUND">Progression of Alzheimer's disease leads to synapse loss, neural network dysfunction and cognitive failure. Accumulation of protein aggregates and brain immune activation have triggering roles in synaptic failure but the neuronal mechanisms underlying synapse loss are unclear. On the neuronal surface... |
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer and the 5-year relative overall survival (OS) rate is less than 20%. Since there are no specific symptoms, most patients with HCC are diagnosed in an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Therefore, identifying novel prognostic biomarkers to improve t... |
The aim of this study is to explore differences in the peptidomics of <i>Saccharomyces pastorianus</i> protein hydrolysates treated with different enzymes. Briefly, differences in the peptide fingerprints and active peptides of neutral protease/papain-hydrolyzed <i>S. pastorianus</i> were analyzed using ultra-high perf... |
In recent years, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as an important target for the diagnosis and therapy of various tumors due to its high expression on the cell surface of cancer-associated fibroblasts, which are the major components of the tumor stroma. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated <sup>18... |
Since presently Alzheimer's disease (AD) is incurable, early diagnosis of AD is crucial. Aβ 1-42 and tau-441 proteins are promising core biomarkers for early diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention in AD. Here we constructed a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) biosensor for highly sensitive quantitat... |
Metaproteomics research using mass spectrometry data has emerged as a powerful strategy to understand the mechanisms underlying microbiome dynamics and the interaction of microbiomes with their immediate environment. Recent advances in sample preparation, data acquisition, and bioinformatics workflows have greatly cont... |
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease with a high mortality and few treatment options to prevent the development of pulmonary vessel remodeling, pulmonary vascular resistance, and right ventricular failure. Canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, is originally used in diabetes pa... |
D-Allulose, a functional sweetener, can be synthesized from fructose using D-allulose 3-epimerase (DAEase). Nevertheless, a majority of the reported DAEases have inadequate stability under harsh industrial reaction conditions, which greatly limits their practical applications. In this study, big data mining combined wi... |
Regulation by the small modifier SUMO is heavily dependent on spatial control of enzymes that mediate the attachment and removal of SUMO on substrate proteins. Here, we show that in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, delocalisation of the SUMO protease Ulp1 from the nuclear envelope results in centromeric def... |
Chemodynamic therapy is an evolving therapeutic strategy but there are certain limitations associated with its treatment. Herein, we present <i>de novo</i> synthesis and mechanistic evaluation of HL1-HL8 ligands and their corresponding Cu<sup>II</sup>(L1)<sub>2</sub>-Cu<sup>II</sup>(L8)<sub>2</sub>. The most active Cu(... |
Decapod hepanhamaparvovirus 1 (DHPV), also known as hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV), has caused death in larvae or stunted growth in juveniles of cultured shrimp. To date, 4 genotypes (genotype I, II, III, and IV) have been reported from various shrimp species and various geographical regions. In the present study, w... |
To study the dynamics of calculated indices [neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR); systemic inflammation index (SIV)] and biomarkers of systemic inflammation [interleukin-1β (IL-1β); high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)], parameters of the structure-and-function state of the myocardium and intracardiac hemodynamics... |
Specimens of Cnemidocarpa amphora were collected monthly from the Arabian Gulf from September 2017 to August 2018. Parts of their gonads were prepared for histological testing. The gonads' diameters varied by month. Each gonad contained many ovarian follicles with different morphologies and was surrounded by several te... |
Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious threat to human health and an important cause of cancer-related death. Herein, we evaluated the influence of transmembrane protein 158 (TMEM158) on GC cell growth. According to Genomic Spatial Event (GSE) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, TMEM158 content is amplified in GC t... |
CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, is known to be involved in immune system regulation, acting as a costimulatory molecule, and in antitumor responses against cancer cells. It is a protein that is expressed in different types of cells, including immune cells and cancer cells (e.g., cerv... |
Aging results from the accumulation of molecular damage that impairs normal biochemical processes. We previously reported that age-linked damage to amino acid sequence NGR (Asn-Gly-Arg) results in "gain-of-function" conformational switching to isoDGR (isoAsp-Gly-Arg). This integrin-binding motif activates leukocytes an... |
NK cells are a key focus in immuno-oncology, based on their ability to eliminate malignant cells without prior sensitization. Dogs are valuable models for translational immunotherapy studies, especially for NK cells, where critical species differences exist between mice and humans. Given that the mechanism for recognit... |
In this work, CuO/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanozymes with high peroxidase-like activity were synthesized by using hydrothermal and calcination methods. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) proved that the heterogeneous interface of CuO/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was the main reason for the h... |
The cyclic AMP response element (CRE) binding protein (CREB) is a transcription factor that contains a 280-residue N-terminal transactivation domain and a basic leucine zipper that mediates interaction with DNA. The transactivation domain comprises three subdomains, the glutamine-rich domains Q1 and Q2 and the kinase i... |
Immunotoxins (ITs) target cancer cells via antibody binding to surface antigens followed by internalization and toxin-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis. The fate of cells responding to IT treatment depends on the amount and stability of specific pro-apoptotic and pro-survival proteins. When treated with a pseudo... |
Although the photosynthetic cyanobacteria are monophyletic, they exhibit substantial morphological diversity across species, and even within an individual species due to phenotypic plasticity in response to life cycles and environmental signals. This is particularly prominent among the multicellular filamentous cyanoba... |
In this study, galangin (Gal), kaempferol (Kae), quercetin (Que), and myricetin (Myr) were chosen as the representative flavonoids with different phenolic hydroxyl numbers in the B-ring. The edible dock protein (EDP) was chosen as the new plant protein. Based on this, the regulation mechanism of the phenolic hydroxyl n... |
Bacterial microcompartments (MCPs) are widespread protein-based organelles that play important roles in the global carbon cycle and in the physiology of diverse bacteria, including a number of pathogens. MCPs consist of metabolic enzymes encapsulated within a protein shell. The main roles of MCPs are to concentrate enz... |
Mitochondrial translation occurs on the mitochondrial ribosome, also known as the mitoribosome. The assembly of mitoribosomes is a highly coordinated process. During mitoribosome biogenesis, various assembly factors transiently associate with the nascent ribosome, facilitating the accurate and efficient construction of... |
Mechanisms underlying deviant cell size fluctuations among clonal bacterial siblings are generally considered to be cryptic and stochastic in nature. However, by scrutinizing heat-stressed populations of the model bacterium Escherichia coli, we uncovered the existence of a deterministic asymmetry in cell division that ... |
Oral anticancer therapies offer various advantages but also entail risks due to their toxicity and narrow therapeutic ranges. Since these drugs are increasingly prescribed in patients with existing polypharmacy, identifying and assessing potential drug interactions is of great importance for safe and effective therapy.... |
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