Bridging Language and Items for Retrieval and Recommendation
Paper
• 2403.03952 • Published
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A man is shown from the chest up. He has short, styled hair and is wearing earrings and a black glittery jacket. The background is blurred. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man is jogging on an asphalt path. He is wearing a blue t-shirt with white text and logos on it, black shorts, bright orange running shoes, and white socks. He has short dark hair and is giving a thumbs-up. The background features green trees and shrubs. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man stands at a podium in a formal setting. He is dressed in a dark suit with a tie and is holding a pair of glasses in his hands. Behind him, a microphone is attached to the podium, and there is a large presentation screen displaying text. The background features a red and blue patterned curtain. | 5 | artif_5 |
A close-up view of a single dewdrop resting on the tip of a grass stem. The dewdrop is predominantly clear, with a portion of the stem and its surrounding grass blades visible inside. The grass blades have a blurred background, showcasing a gradient of warm colors ranging from yellow to a reddish hue. The focus is sharp on the dewdrop, capturing the details of the stem and blade within it, while the background remains out of focus, emphasizing the dewdrop and the immediate area around it. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man and a woman are posing together in formal attire. The man is wearing a light grey suit with a white shirt and a grey bow tie. He has short dark hair and is smiling slightly. The woman is wearing a white bridal gown with lace details on the sleeves and a sheer veil. She has her head tilted down slightly, eyes closed, and is holding a small bouquet of white flowers in her right hand. Both individuals are standing in front of a plain, light-colored wall. | 5 | artif_5 |
Two ice hockey players are on the rink during a game. The player with jersey number 17 is wearing a light-colored uniform and is facing away from the camera, while the player with jersey number 26 is wearing a dark-colored uniform and is facing towards the camera, holding a hockey stick. Both players are wearing helmets. In the background, a referee and a few spectators are visible. The boards surrounding the rink display various advertisements. | 5 | artif_5 |
Two men are seated on a gray sofa on stage. The man on the left is holding a microphone and gesturing with his hand, while the man on the right has a microphone in his hand and is also gesturing. In the background, there is a large screen displaying what appears to be a scene with characters and a spider. The stage has a blue light illuminating the floor, and there is a black backdrop with a blue light design. At the front of the stage, there is a web-like decoration. | 5 | artif_5 |
A close-up view of a leaf with holes and spots of brown. The leaf exhibits various sizes of irregular holes and brown necrosis spots scattered across its surface. The background is dark, suggesting the leaf is located in a shaded or shadowed area, possibly on the ground or against a dark surface. The focus is sharp on the leaf, capturing the details of its texture and color, while the surrounding area remains slightly out of focus, emphasizing the leaf. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of athletes are playing American football on an outdoor field at night. The players are wearing black and white uniforms with various numbers and helmets. Some players are in the process of tackling others, while others are running with the football. A referee is also present, wearing a black and white striped shirt. The field is marked with white lines and has a blue line on one side. The background is dark, indicating it is nighttime, and there are trees visible. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of people is playing beach volleyball on a sandy court. The net is red and stretched between two posts, and several players are on either side of the net. The sky is overcast with clouds, and the background shows other people walking on the beach. | 5 | artif_5 |
A woman is standing with her arms outstretched, wearing a colorful athletic top with a graphic design featuring vibrant pink, yellow, and purple patterns. The background is blurred, showing an audience with various people who appear to be watching an event. | 5 | artif_5 |
A woman is seen from the side, wearing a white T-shirt and pink-framed glasses. She has her hair pulled back and appears to be focused on a task at a table set up under a tent. The tent is supported by a metal frame, and there's a light hanging from the top. Various items, including what appears to be a metal pot and other cooking utensils, are hanging from the tent's interior. The background shows a green outdoor setting with trees. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man is running in a road race. He is wearing a yellow tank top, black shorts, and blue running shoes. There is a number bib on his shirt. The road has a white arrow painted on it, indicating a turn to the left. There is a stone wall with metal railings on the left side, and a grassy area with shrubs on the right. A few other runners can be seen in the background. The sky is overcast. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person is standing outdoors, wearing glasses and a purple jacket with a bright, floral headband. The person is smiling and making a peace sign with their right hand. Behind them, there is a parked vehicle, a building structure, and a bench. There is foliage and trees in the background. The individual is wearing a light-colored shirt underneath the jacket. | 5 | artif_5 |
A train is seen on railway tracks in the distance. In the foreground, there is a metal fence with barbed wire, and a sign on the right side that reads "Fire assembly point." There are some bushes and shrubs growing behind the fence, and a metal structure is visible to the right side of the image. The background is overcast with clouds, and there are buildings and trees visible in the background. | 5 | artif_5 |
Three sailboats are racing on a calm body of water. The sails of the boats are predominantly white with blue and red stripes, and they all display the logo "e" prominently in the center. On the sails, each boat is numbered: the leftmost boat has the number "557," the center boat "560," and the rightmost boat "519." The boats are crewed with people wearing life jackets and helmets, and they are actively maneuvering the boats. In the background, a cloudy sky with mountains looms over the scene. | 5 | artif_5 |
A hilly landscape with scattered trees and bushes, covered with a layer of green vegetation. The weather appears overcast, with a gray sky. The ground is uneven with patches of grass and moss. The trees are sparse, with some standing solo and others grouped together. There are no visible texts, objects, or people in the image. | 5 | artif_5 |
A close-up portrait of a woman. she has dark hair, a pleasant smile, and is wearing makeup. she is dressed in a collared shirt with blue and white colors, featuring a logo or emblem on the left side of her chest. the background is simple and light-colored, with no distinguishable features. the woman is facing the camera directly, and she appears to be wearing a necklace with a pendant. | 5 | artif_5 |
A narrow, cobblestone alleyway lined with buildings on both sides. There are outdoor seating areas with tables and chairs on the left, some covered with checkered tablecloths. The buildings on the left have a mix of doors and windows, some with awnings and signs. On the right, there's a door with a painted figure and a sign next to it, as well as a couple of posters on the wall. Further down the alley, people can be seen walking. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man is seated at a table, his face close to the camera. He wears glasses and has dark hair, and he is gesturing with his hand while holding a cigarette. The background shows an indoor setting with a visible door and a table with orange flowers. A woman is seated at the table behind him, partially obscured. The table has a small bottle and a glass, and the interior has a simple, neutral color scheme. | 5 | artif_5 |
A red convertible sports car with a black soft top is parked on the side of a street. The car has the Ferrari emblem on the side mirror. In the background, there are buildings with a European-style facade, including a restaurant with a sign that reads "Lucas Bistro." There is a blue and white flag flying from a pole in front of the restaurant. A paved sidewalk runs alongside the street, and various plants and a tree are visible in the area. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of six young people are sitting on a gray concrete floor. One person on the left is holding a bag of Lays potato chips. Two people in the center are holding bags of Cheetos snacks. Another person is holding a bag of Lay's potato chips. They are surrounded by other snacks in various bags. All individuals are wearing white shirts with dark shorts. There is a metal railing behind them. The area appears to be outdoors on a sunny day. | 5 | artif_5 |
A river flows through a lush forested valley, surrounded by coniferous trees. the river is bordered by large, smooth rocks and logs, which are part of the natural landscape. the water is white with froth, indicating a fast-moving, shallow stream. the forest is dense, with tall trees that have a rich green canopy, and the terrain is rocky and steep on either side of the river. the serene and untouched beauty of the natural environment. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man stands in a grassy field with a rolling hill in the background. The man is wearing a red vest over a black t-shirt, a grey knit cap, and jeans. He has a beard and is looking down with a slight smile. In the background, there are several motorcycles parked on the grass, and a hill with sparse vegetation. There is a wooden post with a wire fence near the man. The sky is overcast, and the overall lighting is soft. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of eight individuals stands in a conference room with a projector screen and a laptop on a table in front. They are all holding certificates. The room has a beige wall and a carpet with a geometric pattern. A small name tag is visible on one of the tables. | 5 | artif_5 |
A woman is crouching on a sidewalk wearing a red dress and taking a photograph with a camera. She has her hair tied back and is wearing white shoes. In the background, there are several people walking and sitting around, and a man is riding a scooter. A tree with large, spiky leaves is visible in the background, along with lampposts and a building with a red roof. The ground is made of concrete, and there are scattered leaves on the sidewalk. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person dressed in a red sports uniform is seen in mid-air, preparing to catch a football. The player is wearing white socks and red cleats, and there is a white headband on their head. The background features a green field with white lines, indicating a sports field, and in the distance, there is a goal post with two red flags attached to it. The field has orange cones placed at intervals along the sidelines. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person is standing on a field with trees in the background. The person is wearing a blue and black baseball cap, glasses, and a camouflage-patterned blue shirt with the text "NAN YOU" and "EAGLES" on it, along with the number 52. The person is also wearing white baseball pants and has a red and black baseball glove in their right hand. The person is wearing a black belt with a logo on it. The background includes a chain-link fence. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person is standing at a podium with a microphone, addressing an audience. The individual is wearing a white cap with a logo and a white mask covering the nose and mouth. They are dressed in a white shirt with several logos and badges. Behind the person is a large backdrop featuring green foliage. There is a building structure visible in the background to the right side of the image. | 5 | artif_5 |
A cluster of reddish-purple, spiky plants growing from the ground against a rocky, yellowish background. The plants have thin, elongated stems with clusters of small, pointed leaves or flowers. The ground appears to be a mix of dirt and decaying leaves, and there are some fallen leaves in the foreground. The background has a textured surface with small cracks and crevices. | 5 | artif_5 |
A forested landscape with trees in the foreground and a dense, dark cloud cover in the background. The trees have thin, white-trunked branches with green foliage. The sky is obscured by the cloud cover, and the horizon is not visible. | 5 | artif_5 |
A close-up view of a translucent green object with a reflective surface, likely a piece of laboratory glassware. in the background, there is a blurred laboratory setting with various indistinct objects and equipment. the foreground features the main object with a gradient of colors, transitioning from deep green at the center to lighter hues towards the edges. the object has small, light spots scattered across its surface, suggesting it might be illuminated by a light source. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of people is standing and walking on a bridge in what appears to be a greenhouse or botanical garden. The bridge has metal railings and the people are dressed in casual clothing, some with backpacks. The greenhouse has a glass structure with a lattice pattern allowing sunlight to filter through. The background reveals foliage and trees visible through the glass. The people are focused on something in the distance, possibly an exhibit or attraction within the greenhouse. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man in a business suit with a patterned tie stands in the foreground. He has dark hair and a beard and is wearing a pin on his lapel. In the background, there are two cars, one with a black and gold pattern and the other with a blue and tan design. The background also features part of a building with a green structure and a window with white frames. | 5 | artif_5 |
A white, vertical post is standing in a field, partially obscured by lush green vegetation. In the background, there is a large mountain with a somewhat conical shape, partially shrouded by a layer of clouds. The sky above is mostly clear with a few scattered clouds, indicating it might be a sunny day. | 5 | artif_5 |
A small ground squirrel with a striped fur pattern is walking along the ground. The squirrel has a mix of grey, brown, and black stripes, and its ears are prominent. It is surrounded by green plants and brown soil, suggesting it is in a natural environment. The focus is sharp on the squirrel, capturing its movement and the details of its fur, while the background remains slightly out of focus. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man is running on a trail. He is wearing a bright red bib number 354 and a green visor that reads "FINISHER." His shirt also has a logo on the left side. He is wearing a black and blue watch on his left wrist and a black fanny pack. His shorts are black with blue details. There are green leaves and trees in the background. | 5 | artif_5 |
A young man wearing a black baseball cap with a red "MLB" logo is pictured. He is dressed in a white T-shirt with blue text that reads "AOLL". The cap is adorned with a small American flag patch. He has a black backpack slung over his shoulders. The background appears to be a paved outdoor area with wooden chairs and tables, indicative of an outdoor seating area, possibly at a cafe or a restaurant. There are other people and objects visible in the distance, but they are not in focus. | 5 | artif_5 |
A soccer player in a yellow jersey with the number 3 is running on a grassy field, kicking a white soccer ball. In the background, there is a crowd of people, some under colorful umbrellas, watching the game. | 5 | artif_5 |
A young cyclist wearing a blue jersey with the "BUCYU COFFEE" logo, black shorts, and a black helmet is riding a mountain bike with the number "805" on it. The cyclist is wearing blue gloves and is focused on the path ahead. The setting appears to be an indoor corridor with a red and white striped floor and a glass door in the background. | 5 | artif_5 |
A ship is seen on a body of water, likely a frozen lake, with ice covering the surface. Several people in red jackets are visible on the deck of the ship, engaged in some activity, possibly maintenance or operations. The deck of the ship is grey and appears to be partially covered with snow. Various pieces of equipment, including cranes, are visible on the ice to the right of the image. The background shows a clear sky with a few clouds. | 5 | artif_5 |
A red bow is prominently displayed on a wooden surface, with green ribbons partially obscured behind it. Various items, including boxes and clear plastic containers, are visible in the background. A clear plastic bag is seen to the right, with a white paper or label partially visible. Additionally, a red pot or container is visible in the upper right corner behind the red bow, and there is a small clear plastic container with a white label to the lower right of the image. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man speaking into a microphone. he is wearing glasses, a grey sweater, and a shirt with a blue and white checkered collar. he is holding the microphone close to his mouth with his right hand. the background is blurred, with indistinct shapes and colors suggesting an indoor setting, possibly during a public speaking event or conference. there is a microphone stand with a microphone attached positioned in front of him, angled towards his mouth. | 5 | artif_5 |
A woman is sitting in the driver's seat of a bus, laughing and holding a bottle with a label that appears to say "RICARD." She is wearing a black top and has long brown hair. There is a red and black bag, a white cloth, and a small blue bottle on the windshield. The dashboard features various control switches and a screen. The bus is driving on a road with green grass on both sides. | 5 | artif_5 |
A red utility trailer is parked on a muddy and puddled ground. Underneath a red container labeled "NO. 2" are the numbers "02" and "R. 2." A tractor with a front-loading bucket is pulling the trailer. A large green tarp is covering a pile of materials or construction debris. Tall trees are visible in the background, along with a building or structure on the right side. | 5 | artif_5 |
A woman in a red dress is standing on a stage with a microphone in her hand, speaking or singing. She has shoulder-length hair and is wearing a necklace. Behind her is a red banner with text in Chinese. There is a curtain in the background with a pattern. On the right side, there is another red banner with text in Chinese. | 5 | artif_5 |
A large tree with a thick, weathered trunk stands in a lush green lawn. The tree's bark is rough and brown, with several patches where it has been peeled away, revealing the lighter inner bark. Moss and small plants are growing on the ground around the tree's base. In the background, there are various green bushes and plants. The lawn is well-kept, with evenly trimmed grass. A small blue flower can be seen in the foreground, blooming on the ground to the left of the tree. | 5 | artif_5 |
Two people are riding a white horse near a small stream or river. The rider in front is wearing a blue top and appears to have long hair. The second rider is wearing a red shirt and a black cap. Both riders have backpacks and are seated on the horse, which is equipped with a saddle and reins. The landscape around them is a mix of grassy and rocky terrain, and the water in the stream is clear. It appears to be daytime with bright lighting in the scene. | 5 | artif_5 |
A close-up view of a crescent moon against a dark background. The crescent moon is bright and illuminated by a light source that casts a gentle glow. Its shape is clearly visible with a thin, curved edge. The background is dark, suggesting the night sky, and the focus is sharp on the crescent moon, capturing its details. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person is seen running across an aircraft carrier deck. The person is wearing a white top and dark pants, and appears to be in motion, as indicated by the position of their arms and legs. In the background, several military aircraft are parked on the deck, featuring identification markings and numbers. The sky is clear with a few clouds, and the ocean is visible in the distance. The aircraft carrier deck features white lines, indicating various designated areas for aircraft and personnel. | 5 | artif_5 |
A small blue building with a corrugated metal roof is positioned on a dirt road. The building has two windows on the second floor and a brown door on the ground floor. A red and white jeepney with a striped pattern is parked beside the building. A makeshift wooden bridge with uneven planks leads to the entrance. The background features mountains and a clear sky. | 5 | artif_5 |
A commercial airplane is flying in the sky with a clear, blue background. the airplane is painted in a combination of white, orange, and red colors, with the name "jejuair" prominently displayed on the fuselage and tail. on the side of the fuselage, there are colorful illustrations of cartoon pig characters. the registration number "hl8087" is visible on the rear of the aircraft. taken from a ground perspective looking upward at the airplane. | 5 | artif_5 |
A smiling woman holding a young child. the child, who appears to be around 1-2 years old, is wearing a camouflage-patterned hat and a striped shirt. the woman is wearing a simple, short-sleeved shirt and has her hair pulled back. in the background, other people are visible, though they are out of focus. there is a clock on the wall behind them, and an exit sign is also visible. the setting appears to be indoors, possibly at an event or gathering. | 5 | artif_5 |
A young person with long, straight dark hair and bangs is taking a selfie. The person has a neutral expression on their face. They are wearing a red and white knitted garment with an embroidered pattern that includes snowflakes and reindeer. The collar of the garment is white and fluffy, resembling fur. The background is out of focus, with indistinct details suggesting an indoor setting. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man wearing a cap is singing into a microphone while playing an acoustic guitar. He is standing in front of a brick wall with a speaker and lit lamps mounted on it. In the background, there is a poster with text and a sign with the word "DRAFT" visible. The man is dressed in a long-sleeve shirt and jeans, and he appears to be performing in an indoor space. | 5 | artif_5 |
Three men are standing outdoors on grass with trees in the background. The man in the foreground is seated in a wheelchair and is holding a large, fully-feathered turkey. He is wearing a camouflage jacket and a baseball cap. The man directly behind him is standing and wearing a camouflage jacket and a baseball cap, and the man to his right is standing and wearing a similar camouflage jacket and hat. The turkey has a patterned body with feathers in shades of brown, black, and white. | 5 | artif_5 |
A rider, wearing a full-body motocross suit and helmet, is riding a blue dirt bike with the number "68" on the front. The rider is airborne over a dirt ramp, with their bike angled slightly upwards and to the right, and the rider's right leg is extended outwards for balance. The background features a clear blue sky with some clouds and a line of trees behind the rider. In the foreground, there are green grasses and wildflowers. | 5 | artif_5 |
A pile of rocks with several inscribed monuments in Chinese characters. The rocks are of various sizes and shapes, with some of them appearing weathered and covered in patches of moss and patches of orange lichen. The sky is blue with a few scattered clouds. The monuments have been eroded over time, with their inscriptions partially obscured but still legible in some areas. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man stands indoors with his hands on his hips. He is wearing a blue blazer, a plaid button-up shirt, blue jeans, brown shoes, and a brown belt. He has short dark hair, a beard, and is wearing sunglasses. Behind him, there is a white wall with various logos and text, including "little black dress," "Ronald McDonald House," and "Paleo. Farnhardt Jr." The floor has a circular pattern in shades of gray and beige. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man in a checkered shirt and another man in a white shirt are standing indoors. The man in the white shirt is holding a card and a microphone, and appears to be speaking or singing. The man in the checkered shirt is holding a framed picture and appears to be listening intently. In the background, a large framed picture of a person wearing a feathered headdress is visible, and there is a musical instrument to the left. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man is standing behind a wood podium, wearing a dark suit with a red tie and a black mask. He has short, dark hair and is looking slightly to his right with a serious expression. Behind him, a screen displays the word "LICA" in a large, bold font and what appears to be the beginning of another word starting with "I". The lighting is bright, illuminating the man and the background evenly. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man stands in the foreground, wearing a white shirt and dark pants, speaking into a microphone. Behind him, a group of people seated in rows faces him, with some attendees focused on him and others looking away or engaged with each other. The room is indoors, with a plain, lightly colored wall, a white ceiling with a fan, and a light-colored floor. A person in the back row stands and uses a phone to capture the moment. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person is seated on a colorful paddleboard in the water, wearing a blue hat, sunglasses, and a red and black life jacket. Behind the person, a lush green hillside with houses is visible, and a small blue boat is floating in the distance on the calm water. The paddleboard has a blue and yellow design and the word "Sunshine" written on it. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of men dressed in white traditional attire are seated around a round table in an indoor setting. They are wearing white robes and head coverings, and several men have beards. On the table, there are white dishes with glasses, plates, and utensils, as well as bottles of water and a centerpiece flower arrangement. The room has a white color scheme, and the ceiling has a chandelier. In the background, more people wearing similar attire are seated at other tables, and some are standing. | 5 | artif_5 |
A table is adorned with a bouquet of roses featuring shades of pink and white. The bouquet is placed next to a vase with a clear, faceted design embellished with crystals. In front of the bouquet, there are multiple tall glasses filled with a reddish liquid, possibly wine, each containing a lit candle. To the left, a small photo frame with a picture is visible, alongside other decorative items. The setting suggests an intimate celebration or event, with people seated in the background. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of men in white naval uniforms with dark peaked caps stands in a row. The uniforms are buttoned up with pockets and badges, and the men have varying expressions. Some stand straight, while others smile at the camera. The background is a nondescript, overcast sky. The men are outdoors, with no distinct background features or objects. | 5 | artif_5 |
Two individuals are posing closely together for a photo. The person on the left is wearing a dark blue sweater and has a lanyard with a badge that reads "BORN TO ROCK" and a red star. He is making a 'hh' gesture with his hand. The person on the right is wearing a denim jacket over a light-colored shirt and is also making a 'hh' gesture with his hand. The background is indistinct, with a bright light source creating a shadow behind the individuals. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man is standing in the background, facing away from the camera, wearing a white cap with colorful designs. In the foreground, a cyclist in colorful racing attire and a helmet is riding a yellow bicycle on a dirt path. The cyclist is holding a blue object in their right hand. The scene appears to be an outdoor event, with trees and a fence visible in the background. The watermark "© Kikuzo" is visible in the lower right corner of the image. | 5 | artif_5 |
A dense field of greenery, possibly a meadow or a marsh, filled with various types of grasses and plants. The foliage appears lush and healthy, with different shades of green. There are no visible texts or discernible objects, just the natural landscape. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of people is walking down a paved path with stone lanterns on either side. The sky is overcast, and the ground appears wet, likely from rain. Various signs and banners are visible, including one with Japanese text, and a red lantern. The architecture includes traditional-style buildings with sloping roofs and wooden structures. The area is adorned with leafless trees, and the overall atmosphere suggests a cultural or historical area. | 5 | artif_5 |
Four individuals dressed in firefighter gear, including helmets and reflective jackets, are crouched around a stretcher carrying a mannequin, performing a rescue operation. The scene appears to be an outdoor training exercise or demonstration, with rubble and rocks in the background. The firefighters are equipped with safety harnesses, and the stretcher is blue with orange straps. The mannequin on the stretcher has no arms and is wearing shorts and boots. | 5 | artif_5 |
An indoor event with a group of people. two individuals in military uniforms, one standing and one sitting, are engaged in conversation, while the standing person holds a microphone. a group of civilians stands in a line on the right, applauding. the room has a blue flag with white stars on the left side, and a doorway in the middle background. the floor is carpeted, and the walls are painted in a light color. | 5 | artif_5 |
A dark gray or green BMW sedan is parked on a concrete surface with a red and white striped barricade behind it. The car has a lowered suspension and aftermarket wheels, and there is a sticker or decal on the trunk lid. The background shows a grassy field and a line of trees, with a clear sky above. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of uniformed individuals in military attire, including medals and insignia, are standing in a gym. They are wearing face masks and saluting. In the foreground, one person is saluting while facing another person, who is also saluting. The background is filled with rows of empty bleachers. | 5 | artif_5 |
A man is speaking into a microphone while standing in front of a flag. The man has short gray hair and is wearing a dark jacket over a striped shirt. He is holding the microphone with his right hand, and his left hand is slightly raised, as if he is emphasizing a point. The flag behind him features a white background with a blue Star of David in the center. The background is a neutral-colored wall. | 5 | artif_5 |
A large military aircraft is seen on an airfield. The airplane has a jet engine exhaust area, and it is painted in a camouflage pattern. The tail of the aircraft displays a number "2" and a stylized aircraft on the vertical stabilizer. The aircraft has the number "1040" on its fuselage, and it is equipped with four engines. The airfield is wide with multiple markings on the pavement, and there are several ground service equipment carts nearby. The sky is clear and blue. | 5 | artif_5 |
A woman with long dark hair is seated in front of a wooden structure with ornate carvings. She is wearing a red top with a patterned detail on the sleeves and is holding a conical, woven hat that is large and light in color. The woman is smiling and appears to be posing for the photo. The background features a dark wooden railing with intricate designs. | 5 | artif_5 |
A young woman is standing against a white wall. She is wearing a sleeveless white top with a colorful flower pattern and blue denim shorts. She has long brown hair and is wearing glasses. Her hands are on her hips, and she is looking over her shoulder with a slight smile. The background is a corridor with white walls and a gray floor. There is a potted plant to her right and a long, empty sidewalk leading away from the foreground. The lighting suggests it is daytime. | 5 | artif_5 |
A close-up view of several vertical white balusters adorned with spherical ornaments. The balusters appear to be part of a balustrade, with the top of each baluster featuring a series of spherical details. The background is blurred, featuring warm, muted tones, suggesting a wooden structure. The focus is sharp on the balusters, capturing details of their design, while the background remains slightly out of focus, emphasizing the balusters. | 5 | artif_5 |
A bowl of mixed greens contains shredded lettuce, cabbage, and a red sauce, with wooden chopsticks inserted into the food. In the background, a laptop is open with a screen visible, and a white pitcher with a cartoonish watermelon design is partially visible on the left side. A can of Coca-Cola is placed to the right within the image, with Vietnamese text on the can. The scene appears to be set on a table with a colorful placemat. | 5 | artif_5 |
A go-kart driver wearing a red racing suit and helmet with the number 19 is racing on a track. The go-kart is predominantly black with orange and white accents and displays the text "GRO" on the side. The background shows spectators and a banner with various logos and text. The setting appears to be an outdoor go-kart racing event. | 5 | artif_5 |
Three individuals are dressed in white uniforms and helmets, each carrying a backpack and skiing across a snow-covered landscape. The person on the far left is skiing while holding a rifle, the middle person is skiing with a rifle held at shoulder level, and the person on the right is skiing with a rifle pointing upward. In the background, there is a snow-covered mountain and a cloudy sky. A helicopter is visible in the sky to the left of the image. | 5 | artif_5 |
Three men are standing behind lecterns on a stage with microphones in front of them. They are positioned on a blue carpet and are flanked by flags of different countries, including the United States and Italy. Each man is wearing a suit and tie. The lecterns are transparent, and on the wall behind them is a large abstract painting with red, yellow, and black colors. The room appears to be an official or governmental building with marble walls. | 5 | artif_5 |
The exterior of a building with a repeating pattern of white and blue square windows. the windows are arranged in a grid pattern, with a mix of white and blue frames and sills. each square window has a white frame, and the sill is either white or blue, creating a consistent alternating pattern across the building's facade. the building appears to have multiple stories, but only the lower part is visible in the image. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of people is gathered around a vehicle labeled "CAMPAÑAS QUESADA" parked on a dirt road surrounded by shrubbery and mountains. Some individuals are working on the vehicle, bending over and reaching into the open trunk. Others are standing and observing. The scene appears to be set in a rural or possibly mountainous area with trees and hills in the background. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person is posing in a costume resembling a character with blue hair and wearing a black top hat. They are wearing a blue dress with a white collar and bow tied around the waist. The individual is holding a large, colorful candy cane and a golden star-shaped object in their hand. They also have white gloves on and a red scepter with a yellow knob. The background consists of a series of vertical blinds, which appear to be part of a window or a screen door. | 5 | artif_5 |
A tree with a thick vertical trunk and several thinner branches is standing upright in a wooded area. in the foreground, there is a fallen tree or branch lying on the ground. the ground is covered with fallen leaves, sticks, and branches, creating a layered texture. the background features more trees and underbrush, suggesting a dense forest environment. in black and white, giving it a monochromatic look. | 5 | artif_5 |
A woman is seated on a bench at night, holding a small lantern with a lit candle. She wears a gray scarf and a gray one-piece outfit. Next to her on the bench is a woven basket and a bag. In the background, there are buildings, a fence, and a tent with an umbrella in a dimly lit urban area. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of people in business attire are walking down a jet bridge to board a large aircraft. The aircraft is white with the Chinese flag and text "AIR CHINA" on its side. The sky is clear and blue, and there are people in high-visibility vests standing near the plane. | 5 | artif_5 |
An overhead view of a military equipment, possibly a bomb, being handled by a large crane. the bomb is suspended from the crane by a wire basket and has a label attached to it. on the bomb, there are markings and numbers, such as "lt-11" and "an-20." the background shows other military equipment and machinery. the ground beneath appears to be a loading dock or similar industrial setting. | 5 | artif_5 |
A close-up view of a cluster of green plants with long, thin, white roots intertwining among them. The leaves are oval-shaped and have a glossy texture. The background is blurred, making it difficult to discern any specific details beyond the foliage. | 5 | artif_5 |
Three individuals are standing inside a room with wooden chairs and a yellow wall with orange diamond-shaped cutouts. The person on the left is facing away from the camera, wearing a black shirt and dark pants. The individual in the center is facing the camera, with curly hair and glasses, and appears to be wearing a gray top and a black skirt or shorts. The person on the right is facing the camera and clapping, wearing a blue shirt and blue jeans. There is no discernible text in the image. | 5 | artif_5 |
A brick archway leads into a courtyard where a single large tree with autumn foliage is visible. The archway has a small window with a white frame situated above the center of the arch. The ground appears wet, suggesting recent rain, and there is a drain cover on the left side of the archway. The background includes a pathway leading to the tree and a building with white walls and windows. The sky is overcast. | 5 | artif_5 |
An indoor equestrian arena with a roof structure that has multiple beams supporting it. There is a person riding a horse, and a cow is being chased by the horse. The person is wearing a patterned shirt and a hat. The horse and the cow are both brown. There is a white fence visible in the background, and a lush green field with trees and bushes can be seen beyond the fence. The floor of the arena is covered with dirt. | 5 | artif_5 |
A group of soccer players is on a green field. One player in a white jersey is trying to control a white soccer ball while being closely guarded by a player in a red and blue jersey. Another player in a white jersey stands nearby, observing the situation. In the background, there are three people sitting on the stairs, wearing red jackets, and a guard standing beside them. Additionally, there is a black banner with white text in the background. | 5 | artif_5 |
Two women are standing on a path with a large fern in the background. The woman on the left is wearing a dark patterned dress with a black headscarf and blue jeans. The woman on the right is wearing a striped shirt, black pants, and blue shoes. Both women are engaging with each other while standing on a concrete surface. In the background, there is a wooden fence, a wooden building with a terracotta roof, and a metal gate. | 5 | artif_5 |
A winding dirt path cuts through a dense forest of tall evergreen trees. Sunlight filters through the branches, casting dappled shadows on the ground. The path curves gently, surrounded by fallen branches and logs. The foliage is thick and lush, indicating a healthy forest environment. The ground is mostly covered with dirt and fallen leaves, with patches of grass and small plants visible beside the path. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person wearing a black wetsuit is kayaking in choppy water. They are holding a paddle with the right hand and appear to be paddling in the water. The kayak is black and has the word "vaajoo" written on it in white letters. The water is turbulent with white foam and splashes around the kayak. There are two white buoy markers in the background. | 5 | artif_5 |
Five individuals are standing on a stage with a blue backdrop. The stage has a black border, and there are flags displayed behind the group. From left to right: the first person is wearing a blue and red patterned skirt, the second person is wearing red and yellow patterned shorts, the third person is wearing a gray suit, the fourth person is wearing a black and white striped dress, and the fifth person is wearing a black and white striped dress. All individuals appear to be barefoot. | 5 | artif_5 |
A person wearing a camouflage uniform stands outdoors with a rifle slung over their shoulder and a helmet in their other hand. They are wearing glasses, and there's a patch on their right arm. The background is a blurred natural setting with trees and foliage. | 5 | artif_5 |
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
100k segments of 60-500 characters heuristically labeled for evaluation of visual descriptiveness. Segments were sampled from:
| **Name** | **Description** | **Scores** | **#** |
|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------------|-------------|--------|
| flickr-megalith internlm2 | LLM-generated image captions | 5 | 15k |
| flickr-megalith internlm2-short | LLM-generated image captions | 4 | 15k |
| flickr30k | crowdsourced image captions | 2, 3, 4 | 15k |
| MS COCO | crowdsourced image captions | 1, 2, 3 | 5k |
| SBU Captions | raw Flickr image captions | 1, 2, 3 | 5k |
| CMU Movie Summary Corpus | movie summaries | 1, 2, 3 | 5k |
| CMU Book Summary Dataset | book summaries | 1, 2, 3 | 5k |
| gutenberg-dialog | book dialogues | 0, 1, 2 | 5k |
| wikitext | Wikipedia articles | 0, 1, 2 | 10k |
| xsum | news articles | 0, 1, 2 | 5k |
| tripadvisor-hotel-reviews | hotel reviews | 0, 1, 2 | 2k |
| yelp-review-full | Yelp reviews | 0, 1, 2 | 3k |
| scientific-papers | scientific papers from ArXiv | 0, 1 | 5k |
| Amazon Reviews 2023 | Amazon reviews | 0, 1 | 5k |
Citations
@misc{flickr10m,
author = { Caption Emporium },
title = {flickr-megalith-10m-internvl2-multi-caption},
year = {2024},
publisher = {Huggingface},
journal = {Huggingface repository},
howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/CaptionEmporium/flickr-megalith-10m-internvl2-multi-caption}},
}
@article{flickr30k,
author = {Young, Peter and Lai, Alice and Hodosh, Micah and Hockenmaier, Julia},
title = {{From image descriptions to visual denotations: New similarity metrics for semantic inference over event descriptions}},
journal = {Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
volume = {2},
pages = {67--78},
year = {2014},
doi = {10.1162/tacl_a_00166}
}
@article{mscoco,
author = {Lin, Tsung-Yi and Maire, Michael and Belongie, Serge and Bourdev, Lubomir and Girshick, Ross and Hays, James and Perona, Pietro and Ramanan, Deva and Zitnick, C. Lawrence and Doll{\ifmmode\acute{a}\else\'{a}\fi}r, Piotr},
title = {{Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context}},
journal = {arXiv},
year = {2014},
month = may,
eprint = {1405.0312},
doi = {10.48550/arXiv.1405.0312}
}
@inproceedings{im2text,
author = {Ordonez, Vicente and Kulkarni, Girish and Berg, Tamara},
booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
editor = {J. Shawe-Taylor and R. Zemel and P. Bartlett and F. Pereira and K.Q. Weinberger},
pages = {},
publisher = {Curran Associates, Inc.},
title = {Im2Text: Describing Images Using 1 Million Captioned Photographs},
url = {https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2011/file/5dd9db5e033da9c6fb5ba83c7a7ebea9-Paper.pdf},
volume = {24},
year = {2011}
}
@article{movie-summaries,
author = {Bamman, David and O{'}Connor, Brendan and Smith, Noah A.},
title = {{Learning Latent Personas of Film Characters}},
journal = {ACL Anthology},
pages = {352--361},
year = {2013},
month = aug,
url = {https://aclanthology.org/P13-1035}
}
@article{book-summaries,
author = {Bamman, David and Smith, Noah A.},
title = {{New Alignment Methods for Discriminative Book Summarization}},
journal = {arXiv},
year = {2013},
month = may,
eprint = {1305.1319},
doi = {10.48550/arXiv.1305.1319}
}
@inproceedings{gutenberg-dialogues,
title = "The Gutenberg Dialogue Dataset",
author = "Cs{\'a}ky, Rich{\'a}rd and Recski, G{\'a}bor",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
month = apr,
year = "2021",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12752",
}
@article{wikitext,
author = {Merity, Stephen and Xiong, Caiming and Bradbury, James and Socher, Richard},
title = {{Pointer Sentinel Mixture Models}},
journal = {arXiv},
year = {2016},
month = sep,
urldate = {2025-11-15},
eprint = {1609.07843},
doi = {10.48550/arXiv.1609.07843}
}
@article{xsum,
title={Don't Give Me the Details, Just the Summary! Topic-Aware Convolutional Neural Networks for Extreme Summarization},
author={Shashi Narayan and Shay B. Cohen and Mirella Lapata},
journal={ArXiv},
year={2018},
volume={abs/1808.08745}
}
@article{hotel-reviews,
author = {Alam, {\relax Md}. Hijbul and Ryu, Woo-Jong and Lee, SangKeun},
title = {{Joint Multi-grain Topic Sentiment: Modeling Semantic Aspects for Online Reviews}},
journal = {Inform. Sci.},
volume = {339},
year = {2016},
month = jan,
issn = {0020-0255},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
doi = {10.1016/j.ins.2016.01.013}
}
@article{yelp-reviews,
author = {Zhang, Xiang and Zhao, Junbo and LeCun, Yann},
title = {{Character-level Convolutional Networks for Text Classification}},
journal = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
volume = {28},
year = {2015},
url = {https://papers.nips.cc/paper_files/paper/2015/hash/250cf8b51c773f3f8dc8b4be867a9a02-Abstract.html}
}
@article{scientific-papers,
title={A Discourse-Aware Attention Model for Abstractive Summarization of
Long Documents},
url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/n18-2097},
DOI={10.18653/v1/n18-2097},
journal={Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of
the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language
Technologies, Volume 2 (Short Papers)},
publisher={Association for Computational Linguistics},
author={Cohan, Arman and Dernoncourt, Franck and Kim, Doo Soon and Bui, Trung and Kim, Seokhwan and Chang, Walter and Goharian, Nazli},
year={2018}
}
@article{amazon-reviews,
title={Bridging Language and Items for Retrieval and Recommendation},
author={Hou, Yupeng and Li, Jiacheng and He, Zhankui and Yan, An and Chen, Xiusi and McAuley, Julian},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.03952},
year={2024}
}
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