guid stringlengths 32 32 | question stringlengths 17 440 | answer stringlengths 1 613 | question_category stringclasses 7
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
d5dbb5d80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Columbia Plateau is an example of a steppe region in North America outside of what region, sometimes simply called the Plains, and is a broad expanse of flatland located west of the Mississippi and east of the Rocky Mountains? | It's outside the Great Plains region of North America. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The shortgrass prairie steppe is the westernmost part of the Great Plains region. The Columbia Plateau in Southern British Columbia, Oregon, Idaho, and Washington state, is an example of a steppe region in North America outside of the Great Plains."
},
{
"text": "The Great Plains (French: Gra... |
d5dbb6000dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Ibadi movement and followers of the Zaydi are both related to what? | Islam | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Followers of the Zaydi Islamic jurisprudence are called Zaydi Shia and make up about 35% of Muslims in Yemen, with the greatest majority of Shia Muslims in that country being of the Zaydi school of thought."
},
{
"text": "For other uses, see Ibadi (disambiguation). The Ibadi movement ( Ibadis... |
d5dbb6280dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The statistical method used in anomaly detection to identify observations in low-density regions is frequently used to estimate what item from signal processing? | Density estimation is used to estimate the spectral density of the signal. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Density estimation is also frequently used in anomaly detection or novelty detection: if an observation lies in a very low-density region, it is likely to be an anomaly or a novelty."
},
{
"text": "In statistical signal processing, the goal of spectral density estimation ( SDE) is to estimate... |
d5dbb6a00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What refers to an inlet bounded the T1 vertebra posteriorly or a wall that contains the rib cage, and the rest is made up of muscle, skin, and fasciae? | Thoracic. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The thoracic wall or chest wall is the boundary of the thoracic cavity . A transverse section of the thorax, showing the contents of the middle and the posterior mediastinum. The bony skeletal part of the thoracic wall is the rib cage, and the rest is made up of muscle, skin, and fasciae ."
},
{
... |
d5dbb6e60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How far away is Villers-Bretonneux from the city that has the largest church in France in terms of volume? | Villers-Bretonneux is about 19 kilometers due east of this city. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Villers-Bretonneux is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. Villers-Bretonneux is situated some 19 km due east of Amiens, on the D1029 road and the A29 motorway ."
},
{
"text": "Amiens (English: /æˈmjæ̃/[2] or /ˈæmiənz/ AM-ee-ənz;[3] French: [amjɛ̃]; Picard:... |
d5dbb7680dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In the show Brothers & Sisters, the character who doesn't find out that William Walker isn't her biological father is married to whom? | Sarah Walker is married to Luc Laurent. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Sarah is a member of the Walker Family, but doesn't find out William Walker isn't her biological father until season 5. A businesswoman in the family business and a mother of two young children, Sarah often struggles to balance her personal life with the duty of being a mother and a wife."
},
{
... |
d5dbb7900dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The period that ran between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the classical Greek Achaean League heartlands becan with what war? | The Hellenistic period began with the wars of the Diadochi. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Hellenistic Greece is the historical period of the country following Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the classical Greek Achaean League heartlands by the Roman Republic."
},
{
"text": "The Hellenistic period began with the wars of the... |
d5dbb7fe0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many species are in the genus of the family of nematocerous Diptera to which the phantom crane belongs? | There are at least 70 described species in Ptychoptera. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ptychoptera is a genus of phantom crane flies in the family Ptychopteridae. There are at least 70 described species in Ptychoptera. ^ a b \" Ptychoptera Report\". Integrated Taxonomic Information System."
},
{
"text": "The Ptychopteridae, phantom crane flies, are a small family (three extant ... |
d5dbb8260dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The air defense of what country that own Alvin ( DSV-2) relies on a range of ground launched missiles ranging from hand held to vehicle mounted systems? | United States | text | [] | [
{
"text": "United States Army air defense relies on a range of ground launched missiles ranging from hand held to vehicle mounted systems. The Air Defense Artillery is the branch that specializes in anti-aircraft weapons (such as surface-to-air missiles )."
},
{
"text": "Alvin ( DSV-2) is a manned deep-... |
d5dbb86c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Ribbon of Green and thriving Mennonite farming communities are both found in what valley area? | The Saskatchewan Valley. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Thriving Mennonite farming communities were quickly established in the Saskatchewan Valley area in the vicinities of Aberdeen, Laird, Waldheim, Langham, Dalmeny, and Rosthern particularly. Churches were established, land was broken and cropped and roads were built."
},
{
"text": "The North Sa... |
d5dbb8c60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The last name of the tribune of the soldiers in 209 BC means what? | “golden, blonde” | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Gaius Decimius Flavus, as tribune of the soldiers in 209 BC, rescued Marcus Claudius Marcellus from defeat by repulsing a charge of Hannibal's elephants. In 184 he was praetor urbanus. He died during his year of office."
},
{
"text": "golden, blonde; the feminine form of the Roman family name... |
d5dbb9160dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who was the most famous captain-lieutenant in French history that is generally equivalent to the Commonwealth? | D'Artagnan. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "D'Artagnan is perhaps the most famous captain-lieutenant in French history, as commander of the first mousquetaire company. Kapitänleutnant is an OF2 rank equivalent to the Hauptmann (en: Captain) in the German Army and the German Air Force ."
}
] |
d5dbb9660dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What area of New York that is delineated on the north by 14th Street is home to the Financial District and the World Trade Center site? | Lower Manhattan | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Lower Manhattan is defined most commonly as the area delineated on the north by 14th Street, on the west by the Hudson River, on the east by the East River, and on the south by New York Harbor (also known as Upper New York Bay )."
},
{
"text": "The Lower Manhattan business district forms the ... |
d5dbb98e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What citizen-soldiers of the Ancient Greek city-states formed the backbone of the Athenian military on land? | The backbone of the Athenian military on land was the hoplite. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Hoplites ( HOP-lytes) ( Ancient Greek: ὁπλίτης) were citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields. Hoplite soldiers utilized the phalanx formation to be effective in war with fewer soldiers."
},
{
"text": "The Athenian military was the militar... |
d5dbb9b60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Prophecies attributed to Prajñātārā are included in what thing that biographies or anecdotes involving a number of other figures known in the Chan/Zen tradition?? | Transmission of the Lamp | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In addition to the acknowledged Chan patriarchs, the Transmission of the Lamp includes biographies or anecdotes involving a number of other figures known in the Chan/Zen tradition, including members of the Oxhead school, Layman Pang, and influential disciples of Chinese masters who were not recognize... |
d5dbb9de0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | When Pausanias visited Scillus, the temple of Artemis and a statue of what person who was gifted the town by the Lacedaemonians remained? | Xenophon | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Scillus stood amidst woods and meadows, and afforded abundant pasture for cattle; while the neighbouring mountains supplied wild hogs, roebucks, and stags. When Pausanias visited Scillus five centuries afterwards the temple of Artemis still remained, and a statue of Xenophon, made of Pentelic marble.... |
d5dbba060dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What type of dental fricatives are pronounced differently between English dialects, that is rarely stood for a /t/ sound like in Thailand? | The voiced and voiceless dental fricative. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In some dialects, both as spoken by native speakers and by L2 speakers of English, the \"th\"-sound phonemes /θ/ and /ð/ are pronounced differently than the dental fricatives [θ] and [ð]."
},
{
"text": "In English, the digraph ⟨th⟩ represents in most cases one of two different phonemes: the v... |
d5dbba7e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The concrete Pahinungod had a transfer away from where, called its Exodus? | Manila. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The transfer of the Oblation to its new home served as the highlight of the move from Manila, which is historically referred to as the Exodus. The sculpture in front of the Quezon Hall at UP Diliman was installed facing west, purportedly a tribute to the American roots of the University."
},
{
... |
d5dbbace0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Belial is the name of a what, of which ágbàrà or álúsí are types? | Spirits | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Chineke therefore means the Creator or the God that created all things. Lesser spirits known as ágbàrà or álúsí operate below the high God Chineke and are each a part of Chineke divided by gender in their mind. These spirits represent natural forces; agbara as a divine force manifests as separate alụ... |
d5dbbaf60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The state mammal of New Mexico belongs to a family with how many living species? | The American black bear, the state mammal of New Mexico, belongs to the bear family, which has eight living species. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The American black bear is the state mammal of New Mexico. This is a list of mammals in New Mexico. It includes mammals extirpated from New Mexico and species introduced into the state. A total of 169 mammals are listed. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mammals of New Mexico."
},
{
"tex... |
d5dbbb1e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The moment of inertia explains that while a body is moving on a level surface in the same direction and at the same speed that the moment of inertia will become what? | Smaller | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A body moving on a level surface will continue in the same direction at a constant speed unless disturbed."
},
{
"text": "If the angular momentum of a system is constant, then as the moment of inertia gets smaller, the angular velocity must increase. This occurs when spinning figure skaters p... |
d5dbbb460dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The placenta of certain mammals contains structures known as what which receive fetal blood from chorionic vessels? | Cotyledons | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The cotyledons receive fetal blood from chorionic vessels, which branch off cotyledon vessels into the cotyledons, which, in turn, branch into capillaries. The cotyledons are surrounded by maternal blood, which can exchange oxygen and nutrients with the fetal blood in the capillaries."
},
{
"... |
d5dbbb6e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who coached No. 1 seed Houston in the 1983 NCAA basketball tournament? | Houston was coached by Guy Lewis. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "North Carolina State, coached by Jim Valvano, won the national title with a 54–52 victory in the final game over Houston, coached by Guy Lewis. The ending of the final game is one of the most famous in college basketball history, with a buzzer-beating dunk by Lorenzo Charles off a desperation shot fr... |
d5dbbb960dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | M.Arch and Master of Arts are both titles conferred by what? | academic institutions | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Master of Architecture (M.Arch.) is a professional degree in architecture, qualifying the graduate to move through the various stages of professional accreditation ( internship, exams) that result in receiving a license."
},
{
"text": "At Oxford, Cambridge and the University of Dublin, th... |
d5dbbbbe0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | CKOM is a radio station in a country where what corporation is made up of thirteen owned-and-operated stations and seven private affiliates? | Canadian Broadcasting Corporation | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ici Radio-Canada Télé operates as a Canadian French language television network owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (known in French as Société Radio-Canada) made up of thirteen owned-and-operated stations and seven private affiliates."
},
{
"text": "CKOM is a radio station in Sask... |
d5dbbbe60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are Episcopal Divinity School and Sewanee: The University of the South in the same state or in different states? | They are in different states. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Episcopal Divinity School ( EDS) is a theological school in New York City that trains students for service with the Episcopal Church. It is affiliated with the Union Theological Seminary."
},
{
"text": "Sewanee: The University of the South, commonly known as Sewanee ( / səˈwɑːni / ), is a... |
d5dbbc2c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Timbarra and Tweed are both names of what? | Rivers | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Timbarra River, a mostly perennial stream of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia ."
},
{
"text": "The River Tweed is a short tributary of the River Sence. It rises around the west of the village of Barwell, Leicestershire,... |
d5dbbc540dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who had a diaspora within the French borders and in the overseas departments and territories of France and a Korrigan in the folklore? | Bretons. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In Breton folklore, a Korrigan ( [kɔˈriːɡɑ̃n]) is a fairy or dwarf -like spirit. The word korrigan means \"small-dwarf\" ( korr means dwarf, ig is a diminutive and the suffix an is a hypocoristic ). It is closely related to the Cornish word korrik which means gnome."
},
{
"text": "A strong hi... |
d5dbbc7c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which odd-toed ungulate has a similar shape to a pig? | Tapirs are odd-toed ungulates that has a similar shape to a pig. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "These include odd-toed ungulates such as horses, rhinoceroses and tapirs, and even-toed ungulates such as cattle, pigs, giraffes, camels, sheep, deer, and hippopotamuses. Cetaceans are also even-toed ungulates although they do not have hooves. Most terrestrial ungulates use the tips of their toes, us... |
d5dbbc9a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The USS Nimitz and the USS Harry S. Truman both belong to what country's Navy? | The United States. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "USS Nimitz (CVN-68) is a supercarrier of the United States Navy, and the lead ship of her class."
},
{
"text": "USS Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) is the eighth Nimitz -class aircraft carrier of the United States Navy, named after the 33rd President of the United States, Harry S. Truman. The ship's... |
d5dbbcc20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What kind of substance can have an N-terminus and C-terminus and a bitopic Type IV? | A protein. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The N-terminus and C-terminus of the protein are predicted to be facing the cytosol with the C-terminus containing a long predicted coiled tail extending from the final transmembrane domain."
},
{
"text": "Type IV is bitopic protein with its N-terminus on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane,... |
d5dbbcea0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the reference galaxy that contains the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* for something to be considered as extragalactic? | The Milky Way galaxy. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Galactic Center, as seen by one of the 2MASS infrared telescopes, is located in the bright upper left portion of the image. The Galactic Center (or Galactic Centre) is the rotational center of the Milky Way galaxy; it is a supermassive black hole of 4.100 ± 0.034 million solar masses, which power... |
d5dbbd120dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Mycobacterium hiberniae and Mycobacterium diernhoferi are both types of what phylum? | The Actinobacteria. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Mycobacterium hiberniae is a species of the phylum Actinobacteria ( Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus Mycobacterium . Etymology Hibernia, Latin for Ireland where it was first isolated."
},
{
"text"... |
d5dbbd3a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Statistical arbitrage, momentum and neutral are all types of what? | Trading strategies | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Neutral trading strategies that are bearish on volatility profit when the underlying stock price experiences little or no movement. Such strategies include the short straddle, short strangle, ratio spreads, short condor, short butterfly, and short calendar."
},
{
"text": "As a trading strateg... |
d5dbbd580dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What unit of measure that is based upon the distance measured by a human hand from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the forefinger was also used for measuring cloth? | Shaku | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Shaku ( Japanese: 尺) or Japanese foot is a Japanese unit of length derived (but varying) from the Chinese chi, originally based upon the distance measured by a human hand from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the forefinger (compare span )."
},
{
"text": "Another shaku variant was used for ... |
d5dbbd9e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What country are both the Smith's earth snake and the purple-red snake both found in the same country? | Both the Smith's earth snake and the purple-red snake are found in India. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The purple-red earth snake ( Teretrurus sanguineus) is a species of nonvenomous shield tail snake, endemic to southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized."
},
{
"text": "The species is endemic to India . U. grandis is found in the Anaimalai Hills of Kerala, southern India. U. grand... |
d5dbbdc60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The "Urban Network" is JR-West's name for its what in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area, of which the Nara Line is an example? | Commuter rail lines | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The \"Urban Network\" is JR-West's name for its commuter rail lines in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area. These lines together comprise 610 km of track, have 245 stations and account for about 40% of JR-West's passenger revenues. Urban Network stations are equipped to handle ICOCA fare cards."
... |
d5dbbdee0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In the region that has many lakes and moraines and Norwegian fjords, what people from this area colonized many areas including holdings in Africa? | The Danes. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The geography of Scandinavia is extremely varied. Notable are the Norwegian fjords, the Scandinavian Mountains, the flat, low areas in Denmark and the archipelagosof Sweden and Norway. Sweden has many lakes and moraines, legacies of the ice age, which ended about ten millennia ago."
},
{
"tex... |
d5dbbe660dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The thing that was under the absolute leadership of the Central Military Commission and (especially during the long Maoist era) under the political supervision of the PLA General Political Department had its headquarters where? | Beijing | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Its duties included PLA Operations Command, Recruitment, Mobilization, Formation, Training and Administration. The PLA General Staff Headquarters was located in Beijing and its last commander was General Fang Fenghui ."
},
{
"text": "The General Staff was under the absolute leadership of the ... |
d5dbbe840dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In the Qur'an, God describes what person, along with his wife and John, as a humble servant of the LORD who shares a name with a character from The CW Television Network 's drama and horror television series Supernatural ? | Zachariah | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In the Qur'an, God speaks of Zachariah, his wife, and John, and describes the three as being humble servants of the L ORD : So We listened to him: and We granted him John: We cured his wife's (Barrenness) for him."
},
{
"text": "Zachariah is a fictional character portrayed by Kurt Fuller on T... |
d5dbbefc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | UTF-32 and UTF-7 are both examples of what? | Unicode Transformation Formats | text | [] | [
{
"text": "UTF-32 (32- bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a fixed-length encoding used to encode Unicode code points that uses exactly 32 bits (four bytes) per code point (but a number of leading bits must be zero as there are far fewer than 2 32 Unicode code points, needing actually only 21 bits)."
},
{... |
d5dbbf240dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Pancha Rathas and the Great Temple of Abu Simbel are both examples of what style of architecture? | Rock-cut architecture | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Great Temple of Abu Simbel (ca. 1280 BCE), one of the earliest examples of rock-cut architecture. Rock-cut architecture is the creation of structures, buildings, and sculptures by excavating solid rock where it naturally occurs. Rock-cut architecture is designed and made by man from the start to ... |
d5dbbf4c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Ostsiedlung is the term for the High Medieval migration period of ethnic Germans into and beyond the territories at the eastern periphery of what empire, that was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in Western and Central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 d... | They moved beyond the eastern periphery of the Holy Roman Empire. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ostsiedlung ( German pronunciation: [ˈɔstˌziːdlʊŋ], literally East settling) is the term for the High Medieval migration period of ethnic Germans into and beyond the territories at the eastern periphery of the Holy Roman Empire and the consequences for settlement development and social structures in ... |
d5dbbf740dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Laguna Beach State Marine Reserve and Laguna Beach State Marine Conservation Area are two adjoining marine protected areas that extend offshore of what California seaside resort city located in southern Orange Country that was settled in the 1870s and officially founded in 1887? | They border Laguna Beach, CA. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Laguna Beach State Marine Reserve (SMR) and Laguna Beach State Marine Conservation Area (SMCA) are two adjoining marine protected areas that extend offshore of Laguna Beach in Orange County on California ’s south coast. The SMR covers 6.27 square miles, and the SMCA covers an additional 3.44 square m... |
d5dbbf9c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who wrote both the libretto and the music for the Ride of the Valkyries? | Richard Wagner wrote them for the Ride of the Valkyries. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Unlike most opera composers, Wagner wrote both the libretto and the music for each of his stage works."
},
{
"text": "The \" Ride of the Valkyries \" (German: Walkürenritt or Ritt der Walküren) refers to the beginning of act 3 of Die Walküre, the second of the four operas constituting Richard... |
d5dbbfc40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The central government institution charged with leading the foreign policy and foreign relations of Russia is headquartered in a skyscraper that is how tall? | The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia's main building is 172 meters or 564 feet tall. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation ( MFA Russia; Russian: Министерство иностранных дел Российской Федерации, МИД РФ) is the central government institution charged with leading the foreign policy and foreign relations of Russia."
},
{
"text": "The Ministry of Foreign Aff... |
d5dbbfec0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Cycloplegia and the ciliary ganglion are both found where? | The eye. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Cycloplegia is paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye, resulting in a loss of accommodation. Because of the paralysis of the ciliary muscle, the curvature of the lens can no longer be adjusted to focus on nearby objects."
}
] |
d5dbc0140dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The capital of Phuket Province is located in the northeast part of what capital district in Thailand? | Phuket is in the northeast of Mueang Phuket Province. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Mueang Phuket District ( Thai: เมืองภูเก็ต, pronounced [mɯ̄a̯ŋ pʰūː.kèt]) is the capital district ( amphoe mueang) of Phuket Province, Thailand. Phuket town itself is in the district's northeast. The district encompasses the southern part of the island of Phuket."
},
{
"text": "Phuket (/puːˈk... |
d5dbc03c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The ethnic Crimeans and the Mishars are both groups of what kind of people? | Tartars. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Crimean Tatars ( Crimean Tatar: qırımtatarlar, къырымтатарлар) or Crimeans ( Crimean Tatar: qırımlar, къырымлар ), are an East European Turkic ethnic group and nation, who are an indigenous people of Crimea."
},
{
"text": "Mişär-Tatars (or Mishars) are a group of Tatars speaking a dialect of ... |
d5dbc0640dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In stock trading, one of the most widely used multiples is what type of thing, of which accounting and financial are other varieties? | A ratio | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A financial ratio or accounting ratio is a relative magnitude of two selected numerical values taken from an enterprise's financial statements. Often used in accounting, there are many standard ratios used to try to evaluate the overall financial condition of a corporation or other organization."
}... |
d5dbc08c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The complex nature of what place's linguistic situation, in which Anglo-Quebecers ( anglophone) are a minority in the officially French-speaking ( francophone) territory, with individuals who are often bilingual or multilingual, requires the use of multiple terms in order to describe the languages which people speak? | Quebec | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Anglo-Quebecers ( anglophone) are a minority in the officially French-speaking ( francophone) province of Quebec, Canada. The English-speaking community in Quebec constitutes an official linguistic minority population under Canadian law. It has been found that 40.6% of the population speak English."
... |
d5dbc0dc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many departments is Colombia divided into and what is province used to refer to? | Colombia is divided into 32 departments. Provinces are a generic name applied to provinces, districts, regions and subregions. These are generally internal administrative authorities of the departments, more historical than legal. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "However, there are also provinces, a generic name applied to provinces, districts, regions and subregions. These are generally internal administrative authorities of the departments, more historical than legal."
},
{
"text": "Colombia is divided into 32 departments. These in turn are divided ... |
d5dbc1040dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What can be made from any one of five general categories of biomass: industrial waste and co-products, food waste, agricultural residues, energy crops, and virgin lumber or are usually a mixture of dry powdered feedstock, such as flour, sawdust, or grass, and a wet ingredient, such as molasses or steam? | Pellets. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Pellets can be made from any one of five general categories of biomass: industrial waste and co-products, food waste, agricultural residues, energy crops, and virgin lumber."
},
{
"text": "Animal feed pellets are usually a mixture of dry powdered feedstock, such as flour, sawdust, or grass, a... |
d5dbc12c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What helicopter with a company designation of S-61 featured engines that are optimized to produce shaftpower rather than jet thrust? | The Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King had this feature. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King (company designation S-61) is an American twin-engined anti-submarine warfare (ASW) helicopter designed and built by Sikorsky Aircraft. A landmark design, it was one of the first ASW rotorcraft to use turboshaft engines."
},
{
"text": "A turboshaft engine is a form ... |
d5dbc1540dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The destroyer Akikaze was fought in what straits that "Bungo Pete", sank four US submarines in? | Bungo Straits | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A World War II US Navy submarine officer, Commander P.J. Richardson ( Clark Gable ), is determined to get revenge on an ace Japanese destroyer captain, nicknamed \"Bungo Pete\", who has sunk four US submarines in the Bungo Straits, including his previous command."
},
{
"text": "Since the Japa... |
d5dbc1720dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What kind of wild plant that is probably neither a hybrid nor a selected cultivar, is the same kind of plant like the Erysimum genus? | Flowers. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A wildflower (or wild flower) is a flower that grows in the wild, meaning it was not intentionally seeded or planted. The term implies that the plant probably is neither a hybrid nor a selected cultivar that is in any way different from the way it appears in the wild as a native plant, even if it is ... |
d5dbc19a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | North Mamm and Atlantic are both names of what? | Summits | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Atlantic Peak, elevation 13,835 ft (4,217 m), is a summit in the Tenmile Range of central Colorado. The peak is southwest of Breckenridge in the Arapaho National Forest. Its summit is visible close by to the northwest from the summit of Quandary Peak, a popular 14er in Colorado. It is often hiked tog... |
d5dbc1cc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | CKOM is a radio station in a country where media is generally owned by what? | A small number of companies: Bell, Corus, Rogers, Quebecor and the government-owned Canadian Broadcasting Corporation | text | [] | [
{
"text": "CKOM is a radio station in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada broadcasting at 650 kHz on the AM band. Its format is news/talk. It shares studio space with sister stations CFMC and CJDJ at 715 Saskatchewan Crescent West, also the home of Rawlco Radio 's Corporate Offices."
},
{
"text": "Apart fro... |
d5dbc1f40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Sacred Heart Cathedral is a Catholic church in what city that is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina? | The Sacred Heart Cathedral is in Sarajevo. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Sacred Heart Cathedral ( Serbo-Croatian: Katedrala Srca Isusova/Катедрала Срца Исусова) is a Catholic church in Sarajevo; commonly referred as the Sarajevo Cathedral ( Sarajevska katedrala/Сарајевска катедрала ), it is the largest cathedral in Bosnia and Herzegovina."
},
{
"text": "Saraje... |
d5dbc21c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which two individuals are known to have portrayed Darth Vader in the original trilogy of the Star Wars franchise? | David Prowse physically portrayed Vader while James Earl Jones voiced him in the original trilogy. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Darth Vaderis a fictional character in the Star Warsfranchise. The character is the primary antagonistin the original trilogyand, as Anakin Skywalker, is a primary protagonistin the prequel trilogy. Star Warscreator George Lucashas collectively referred to the first six episodic films of the franchis... |
d5dbc2440dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is connected by the body part that is cut during a vasectomy? | The vasa deferentia connects the left and right epididymis with the seminal vesicles. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The procedure of deferentectomy, also known as a vasectomy, is a method of contraception in which the vasa deferentia are permanently cut, though in some cases it can be reversed."
},
{
"text": "There are two vasa deferentia, connecting the left and right epididymis with the seminal vesicles ... |
d5dbc26c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Chemical structure refers to both electronic structure and what, which itself refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together? | Molecular geometry | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Molecular geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together, and can be represented using structural formulae and by molecular models; complete electronic structure descriptions include specifying the occupation of a molecule's molec... |
d5dbc2940dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Japanese man-portable air-defense system whose appearance is similar to the US-made FIM-92 Stinger anti-aircraft missile in colloquially known as what? | The Type 91 is colloquially known as Hand Arrow. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Type 91 surface-to-air missile (91式携帯地対空誘導弾, 91-shiki Keitai Chitaikū Yūdōdan) is a Japanese man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS). Its appearance is similar to the US-made FIM-92 Stinger anti-aircraft missile."
}
] |
d5dbc2bc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Engineered tissue of the oral mucosa which is the lining of the mouth can be used to replace what kind of tissue defects in the oral cavity? | Soft tissue | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Tissue engineered oral mucosa shows promise for clinical use, such as the replacement of soft tissue defects in the oral cavity. These defects can be divided into two major categories: the gingival recessions ( receding gums) which are tooth-related defects, and the non tooth-related defects."
},
... |
d5dbc3020dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who created the fictional comic book alien race briefly known as the Ruul? | The Kree were created by Jack Kirby and Stan Lee. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Kree, briefly known as the Ruul, are a fictional scientifically and technologically advanced militaristic alien race appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. They are native to the planet Hala in the Large Magellanic Cloud . Some of the most notable Kree. Art by Scott Kolins.... |
d5dbc32a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the variant name of the Ouasioto Mountains that shares its namesake with an edge city in Cobb County, Georgia? | The Cumberland Mountains. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The crest of the range forms the Kentucky and Virginia boundary from the Tennessee border to the Russell Fork River. Variant names of the Cumberland Mountains include Cumberland Mountain, Cumberland Range, Ouasioto Mountains, Ouasiota Mountains, Laurel Mountain, and Pine Mountain."
},
{
"text... |
d5dbc3520dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Lophuromys rahmi and Nilopegamys plumbeus are both species of what? | Rodents | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Rahm's brush-furred rat ( Lophuromys rahmi) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae . It is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda . Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests ."
},
{
"text": "The Ethiopian amphibious rat also known as the... |
d5dbc3a20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the density of the largest object in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter? | It has a density of 2.2 g cm -3. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Earth's Moon has a density of 3.3 g·cm −3 and Jupiter's satellites Io and Europa are 3.5 and 3.0 g·cm −3; other large satellites are icier typically have densities less than 2 g·cm −3. The dwarf planets Ceres, Pluto and Eris have densities of 2.2, 1.9 and 2.5 g·cm −3, respectively."
},
{
"tex... |
d5dbc3e80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many species of trees are there in the genus that includes the red oak section of Quercus sect. Lobatae? | Around 500 species | text | [] | [
{
"text": "An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus ( / ˈkwɜːrkəs /; Latin \"oak tree\") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks."
},
{
"text": "Quercus coccinea, the scarlet oak, is an oak in the red oak section Quercus sect. Lobatae. The scarlet oak can ... |
d5dbc4100dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Each chess player starts the game with how many pieces that can participate, with the king, in a special move called castling? | Each player starts the game with two rooks. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Each player starts the game with two rooks, one on each of the corner squares on their own side of the board. This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves. The white rooks start on squares a1 and h1, while the black rooks start on a8 and h8."
},
{
"text": "The white rooks star... |
d5dbc4380dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In antiquity, "Archipelago" was the proper name for what sea that is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia? | It was the name for the Aegean Sea. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In antiquity, \"Archipelago\" (from medieval Greek * ἀρχιπέλαγος and Latin archipelagus) was the proper name for the Aegean Sea. Later, usage shifted to refer to the Aegean Islands (since the sea is remarkable for its large number of islands)."
},
{
"text": "The Aegean Sea is an elongated emb... |
d5dbc4600dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Dipteromantispidae and Rhinodipterus are both what? | Extinct. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Rhinodipterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric dipnoan sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish, that lived in the Devonian Period, between 416 and 359 million years ago. It is believed to have inhabited shallow, salt-water reefs, and is one of the earliest known examples of marine lungfish."
},
{
... |
d5dbc4b00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What type of slender protuberances that projects from the much larger cell body can be affected by a ciliopathy? | Cilia | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A ciliopathy is any genetic disorder that affects the cellular cilia or the cilia anchoring structures, the basal bodies, or ciliary function."
},
{
"text": "A cilium (plural cilia) is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Cilia are slender protuberances that project from the much larger ce... |
d5dbc4d80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are both the Poodle and the St. Bernard considered a breed of water dog? | No, the Poodle is but the St. Bernard is part of the Molosser breeds. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Poodle, called the Pudel in German and the Caniche in French, is a breed of water dog. The breed is dived into four varieties based on size, the Standard Poodle, Medium Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle, although the Medium Poodle variety is not universally recognised."
},
{
"text":... |
d5dbc5000dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Brittonic languages and Breton spoken in Lower Brittany are both languages of what country? | Great Britain. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The name Brythonic was derived by Welsh Celticist John Rhys from the Welsh word Brython, meaning Ancient Britons as opposed to an Anglo-Saxon or Gael . The Brittonic languages derive from the Common Brittonic language, spoken throughout Great Britain during the Iron Age and Roman period."
},
{
... |
d5dbc5280dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What ortho-condensed polycyclic aromatic compounds that have attracted continuing attention because of their unique structural, spectral, and optical features are notable for having chirality despite lacking both asymmetric carbons and chiral centers? | Helicenes are notable for having chirality despite lacking both asymmetric carbons and chiral centers. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In organic chemistry, helicenes are ortho-condensed polycyclic aromatic compounds in which benzene rings or other aromatics are angularly annulated to give helically -shaped chiral molecules. The chemistry of helicenes has attracted continuing attention because of their unique structural, spectral, a... |
d5dbc5500dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The figure skating move in which a skater glides on a deep edge with the body stretched in a very low position, almost touching the ice was popularized by what ice dance team? | Hydroblading was popularized in the early 1990s by the Canadian ice dance team of Shae-Lynn Bourne and Victor Kraatz; | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Hydroblading as part of an ice dancing element. A hydroblade is a figure skating edge move or connecting step in which a skater glides on a deep edge with the body stretched in a very low position, almost touching the ice."
},
{
"text": "Although they did not invent the element, it was popula... |
d5dbc5820dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How much taller is Mount Craig than Haystack Mountain? | It is 3,934 feet taller. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Mount Craig, 6,647 feet (2,026 m), is the second highest peak of the Appalachian Mountains and second only to 6,684 feet (2,037 m) Mount Mitchell in eastern North America. It is located in the Black Mountains in Yancey County, North Carolina."
},
{
"text": "The unofficial name references a ro... |
d5dbc5a00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which peoples culture has influenced aspects of the park that is home to the highest peak in Bolivia? | The culture of the Aymara people has influenced aspects of the park. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Sajama National Park is a national park located in the Oruro Department, Bolivia. It borders Lauca National Park in Chile. The park is home to the indigenous Aymara people, whose influential ancient culture can be seen in various aspects throughout the park."
},
{
"text": "Nevado Sajama ( [ne... |
d5dbc5d20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Wikimedia Commons has how many pages on health care professions distinct from dentistry, nursing, medicine, and pharmacy? | 22 | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Allied health professions are health care professions distinct from dentistry, nursing, medicine, and pharmacy. They provide a range of diagnostic, technical, therapeutic, and support services in connection with health care."
},
{
"text": "Wikimedia Commons has media related to Allied health ... |
d5dbc5fa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Why would it be unusual for Nickolas Andrew Sobotka to have a multi-season story arc in his respective series? | Nickolas Andrew Sobotka is a character on The Wire, and many characters on that show are only featured prominently in a single season. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Wire is set in Baltimore, Maryland; each season of the series expands its focus on a different part of the city. The show features a large ensemble cast; many characters are only featured prominently in a single season."
},
{
"text": "Nickolas Andrew Sobotka is a fictional character on th... |
d5dbc64a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The tallest building in Rome was inspired by what other buildings? | Torre Eurosky is inspired by the medieval towers in Rome. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Torre Eurosky (or Eurosky Tower) is a skyscraper in Rome, the tallest building in the city and one of the highest residential towers in Italy ."
},
{
"text": "Designed by architect Franco Purini, and located in Torrino, residential area adjacent to the EUR, Torre Eurosky is inspired by the me... |
d5dbc6720dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Huitzilopochtli was the ruler of the south in the religion of what people whose had a panentheistic view of religion? | Aztecs | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ruler of the South In the Aztec religion, Huitzilopochtli ( Classical Nahuatl: Huītzilōpōchtli [wiːt͡siloːˈpoːt͡ʃt͡ɬi], modern Nahuatl pronunciation (help·info)) is a deity of war, sun, human sacrifice, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan. He was also the tribal god of the Mexicas, also known ... |
d5dbc69a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The HYSYS chemical process simulator is able to perform what kind of core calculations in chemical engineering? | It can calculate vapor-liquid equilibrium. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Aspen HYSYS (or simply HYSYS) is a chemical process simulator used to mathematically model chemical processes, from unit operations to full chemical plants and refineries."
},
{
"text": "HYSYS is able to perform many of the core calculations of chemical engineering, including those concerned ... |
d5dbc6ea0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are there more species in the Diptera or more species of flower fly in North America? | There are more species in the Diptera. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Diptera is a large order containing an estimated 1,000,000 species including horse-flies, crane flies, hoverflies and others, although only about 125,000 species have been described."
},
{
"text": "There are more than 870 species of flower fly ( Syrphidae) in North America . The following is ... |
d5dbc7120dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What cyclic carbonate ester of ethylene glycol and carbonic acid can be used as a high permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries? | Ethylene carbonate. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It can be used as a high permittivity component of electrolytes in lithium batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Other components like diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and methyl acetate can be added to those electrolytes in order to decrease the viscosity and melting poin... |
d5dbc73a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How old was Caliph Umar when he first organized his army as a state department? | Caliph Umar was 54-55 years-old when he organized his army as a state department. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Caliph Umar was the first Muslim ruler to organize the army as a state department. This reform was introduced in 637 AD A beginning was made with the Quraish and the Ansars and the system was gradually extended to the whole of Arabia and to Muslims of conquered lands."
},
{
"text": "Omar (c. ... |
d5dbc7620dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Vice President Ford became the 38th what, a role which if the holder dies, resigns or is removed from office, the Vice President becomes? | President | text | [] | [
{
"text": "If the President dies, resigns or is removed from office, the Vice President becomes President for the rest of the term. If the Vice President is unable to serve, Speaker of the House acts as President."
},
{
"text": "Vice President Ford becomes the 38th President. Nelson A. Rockefeller of Ne... |
d5dbc7b20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | As a teenager, Law was crowned Miss Teen USA of what state, whose Constitution is the foremost source of state law? | New Jersey | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Constitution of New Jersey is the foremost source of state law. Legislation is enacted by the New Jersey Legislature, published in the Laws of New Jersey, and codified in the New Jersey Statutes."
},
{
"text": "Law was born in Philadelphia, and grew up in Deptford Township, New Jersey. He... |
d5dbc7d00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Lone Pine hamlet in northwest Alberta shares a name with which lake that formed when the Big Lava Bed dammed up a nearby stream? | Goose Lake. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "/ 54.3058; -115.1147 Goose Lake, also known as Lone Pine, is a hamlet in northwest Alberta, Canada within Woodlands County. It is located approximately 37 kilometres (23 mi) northeast of Highway 43 and 136 kilometres (85 mi) northwest of Edmonton ."
},
{
"text": "Goose Lake formed when the Bi... |
d5dbc7f80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who outlined the primary classifications of the model that consists of a regular grid of cells, each in one of a finite number of states, such as on and off? | Wolfram. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The primary classifications of cellular automata, as outlined by Wolfram, are numbered one to four."
},
{
"text": "Cellular automata have found application in various areas, including physics, theoretical biology and microstructure modeling. A cellular automaton consists of a regular grid of ... |
d5dbc8200dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What does the group that designed a personification of Internet Explorer aim to promote? | Collateral Damage Studios aims to promote local creative talents? | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Inori Aizawa is a personification of Internet Explorer. She was designed by Collateral Damage Studios, who wanted to create their own character after artist and producer Danny Choo posted an image featuring human equivalents of the Safari, Firefox, and Chrome web browsers."
},
{
"text": "Coll... |
d5dbc8480dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How long are the shells of the uncommon cowries also known as Naria ocellata, a species of sea snail in the family Cypraeidae? | 25–30 millimetres | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The shells of these quite uncommon cowries reach on average 25–30 millimetres (0.98–1.18 in) of length, with a minimum size of 14 millimetres (0.55 in) and a maximum size of 57 millimetres (2.2 in). They are oval and have a medium thickness."
},
{
"text": "Naria ocellata, common name the ocel... |
d5dbc8700dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The truncated great stellated dodecahedron is a degenerate polyhedron, with 20 triangular faces from the truncated vertices, and 12 (hidden) pentagonal faces as truncations of the original pentagram faces, the latter forming a great dodecahedron inscribed within and sharing the edges of what object of which Truncated g... | Icosahedron | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A truncation operation, repeatedly applied to the great icosahedron, produces a sequence of uniform polyhedra. Truncating edges down to points produces the great icosidodecahedron as a rectified great icosahedron. The process completes as a birectification, reducing the original faces down to points,... |
d5dbc8e80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | I-95 and I-287 are both located in what state? | New Jersey | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Through New Jersey, I-287 runs west from its southern terminus in Edison through suburban areas. In Bridgewater Township, the freeway takes a more northeasterly course, paralleled by US 202. The northernmost part of I-287 in New Jersey passes through mountainous surroundings."
},
{
"text": "F... |
d5dbc9380dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The tortoise plastrons from what dynasty are thought to have been unearthed periodically by local farmers since as early as the Sui and Tang dynasties? | Shang-dynasty. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Shang-dynasty oracle bones are thought to have been unearthed periodically by local farmers since as early as the Sui and Tang dynasties and perhaps starting as early as the Han dynasty, but local inhabitants did not realize what the bones were and generally reburied them."
},
{
"text": "... |
d5dbc9600dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Surgery in which structure in the human body that is susceptible to dysphagia can cause strictures? | The esophagus. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It can be caused by or associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophagitis, a dysfunctional lower esophageal sphincter, disordered motility, lye ingestion, or a hiatal hernia. Strictures can form after esophageal surgery and other treatments such as laser therapy or photodynamic therapy."
... |
d5dbc97e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Lady Ban (Pan) and Ban Gu were both what? | Poets. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Consort Ban (c. 48 BCE – c. 2 BCE), or Ban Jieyu ( Chinese: 班婕妤; pinyin: Bān Jiéyú; Wade–Giles: Pan Chieh-yü ), also known as Lady Ban (Pan), was a Chinese scholar and poet during the Western Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 23 CE). Jieyu (婕妤) was a title for a third-rank palace lady, one rank below the Zhaoyi... |
d5dbc9a60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The RB.203 which was used in the SEPECAT Jaguar and the later Hawker Siddeley Hawk ws the first in what family of engines? | Advanced Technology Engines | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The RB.203 was a private venture engine built on the core of the Rolls-Royce Turbomeca Adour turbofan used in the SEPECAT Jaguar and the later Hawker Siddeley Hawk. The first three-spool engine, it was intended as a civilian replacement for the earlier Rolls-Royce Spey."
},
{
"text": "The RB2... |
d5dbc9f60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What technique in the art of marble sculptures consists of holding the pointed chisel against the stone and swinging the hammer at it as hard as possible? | Hammer and point work. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Hammer and point work is the technique used in working stone, in use at least since Roman times, as it is described in the legend of Pygmalion, and even earlier, the ancient Greek sculptors used it from c. 650 BC. It consists of holding the pointed chisel against the stone and swinging the hammer at ... |
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