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[Question] [ Suppose such an organism had evolved from using sound like most life we know to use different intensities, wave lengths, and hues of light to communicate. This is assuming that these creatures are as or more intelligent as humans currently and emit the light themselves from their face, these organisms ar...
[Question] [ [Maelstroms](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maelstrom) are ginormous whirlpools. They can exist continuously in an area. They're cool. The question is, how large can they get? As large as an island? Could a maelstrom have a diameter of `60` or `100 km`? If so, could they be formed or maintained by natural ...
[Question] [ **Closed.** This question is [off-topic](/help/closed-questions). It is not currently accepting answers. --- This question does not appear to be about worldbuilding, within the scope defined in the [help center](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/help). Closed 9 years ago. [Improve this questio...
[Question] [ Obviously flint and similar stones are much more fragile than tool or weapon quality bronze and steel, but while writing I find I don't actually have any idea what this means in practice. I use steel tools every days, so I have a decent intuitive understanding of how different steep alloys and designs ca...
[Question] [ After the Great Nuclear Apocalypse, the skies clouded over with dust and the world froze. Expectedly, most plants died out, and were then replaced with radiotrophic fungi, originating from all sorts of fungal clades Unlike plants, which absorp light from above, these fungi take up radiation from the cont...
[Question] [ ## Jumps between floating cities. In this setting floating cities exist because of floating rocks and people already live in them for a long time. Jumpers, jump between close leveled cities carrying packages. They do it by running in a track and jumping at the end, but, at the moment of the jump someone ...
[Question] [ I've been doing research for my speculative evolution project, and I am currently mapping body plans for the main lineages of organisms I'm going to feature in this project. One of them has an endoskeleton derived from subdermal armor structures and I was wondering whether it would be possible for it to ...
[Question] [ If there was a double planet with each mutual satellite being the mass of the Earth could they still maintain Earth-like magnetic fields despite being tidally locked to each other? [Simulations of how double gas giants might form](https://arxiv.org/abs/1504.06365) in a separation of 3-5 radii after orbit...
[Question] [ Vampires are no exception to the phenomenon of evolution. In my world various species or races or breeds of these creatures can be observed. They can interbred as much as neanderthals can breed with sapiens or French men with Saxons or coyotes with wolves. Which means easily and with no ill effects. They...
[Question] [ Can an adult human with no underlying medical conditions survive on these foods alone for 24 months without severe malnutrition? Here is the list of foods: * Water * Plain crackers * Canned beans Assume an unlimited amount of these foods. The human must be able to walk and pull a cart containing these fo...
[Question] [ > > NOTE: This question is inspired by my own answer to a previous question. > There is no duplication. See > [What do stranded astronauts eat in space](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/178874/what-do-stranded-astronauts-eat-in-space) > > > --- **Scenario** On a mining planet where t...
[Question] [ I can imagine the proliferation of Alcubierre drives in the distant future, which would distort space so it takes the shape of a Mexican hat in 4D map. I am wondering, what would the gravitation wave output from such a drive looks like? How many chirps would occur between turning he warp drive on and off...
[Question] [ In world building it is often interesting to consider extreme landscapes – how tall can a mountain be on Earth for example. But what is the tallest mountain possible in any gravitational environment? Formation of the mountain may be unlikely in the extreme, but it must be at least theoretically possible ...
[Question] [ I am an alien from outer space who is visiting a planet called Earth. The species living here, humans, have a very primitive and strange culture. They seem to spontaneously burst into dance and song, performing long musical performances at random notice. The topics involving these musical numbers can inv...
[Question] [ Assume that space warfare is **dominated by gamma and x-ray lasers** (Wakefield-Plasma and Free Electron Lasers) capable of killing targets several light-seconds away. **Stealth in space is possible** due to optical metamaterials and cooling tech, this is a set assumption. However stealth is rendered use...
[Question] [ One of the major sources of conflict in my story is that, in my story's modern-day world, two to three times a year, a week-long supernatural effect is globally applied to everyone on Earth over the age of 13. These can range from relatively minor things like rendering them all mute, to the far more dang...
[Question] [ How would you design a saddle for a giant turtle (think rhino size) and a bridle, and how would you make it go, given that spurs or whip wouldn't really be an option with the shell? [Answer] Turtles as a mount certainly wouldn't be fantastic for cavalry, but they may make ok pack animals. To start wit...
[Question] [ Assume that an [Alcubierre drive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive) is feasible. In fact, assume that one has been built. A superluminal starship can propel itself through space by distorting space in front of it and behind it. However, other than an Alcubierre drive, there are no other kno...
[Question] [ I know there are similar questions on here already, yet this is different because I don't care about traditional farming in this question. **Environment** This meant for food production on interplanetary and interstellar vessels, space stations and remote outposts. Assume that: * energy is not an issue *...
[Question] [ I'm working on a game with combat between spaceships. It will not be hard sci-fi, but I'd like to base the mechanics on (simplifications of) real physics. When it comes to laser-weapons, I would like to include lasers of different wavelengths, preferably in the microwave (maser), visual (laser) and x-ray...
[Question] [ Imagine a device implanted inside the body which can detect when your heart has stopped and, in such a case, burns fat rapidly to generate enough energy to shock your heart into restarting, in a similar way to a modern defibrillator. How much fat would need to be burned to power this, without the need fo...
[Question] [ My world is far away exoplanet with water and some oxygene, but without life or plants, which means without coal and organic materials inside. High tech people from Earth come there and made some quick (and succesfull) terraforming but after that, and after building the cities, vast majority of them cann...
[Question] [ Researching for a science fiction novel. My character loves math + I have dyscalculia = Problem. Therefore, I need your help. In my story, there are aliens we can see, but we can't hear or touch. They appear like ghostly monsters to us. Somehow these aliens became trapped 'on' earth in a so-called paral...
[Question] [ [This question here](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/137160/would-moores-law-apply-to-mechanical-computers) brought up interesting points on what kind of distribution we could expect for the increase in computational power of mechanical computers in a world relying solely on such non-el...
[Question] [ This is my first time using this site and i'm excited to get answers to roadblocks that have prevented me from finishing my writing in the past. However, you may have to excuse some mistakes I make along the way, internet communication isn't exactly my forte. For starters, I've been trying to develop a c...
[Question] [ Saturn and it's moons, minus a few rogue colonies, are under the control of the Saturnine Syndicate. Long have they wanted to turn Mimas into a communication, technology, and data hub. But I've run into a problem: I don't honestly know if a massive satellite dish on Mimas (taking up the Hetrschels crater...
[Question] [ I've been thinking about writing a fantasy novel set on an [earth-like](/questions/tagged/earth-like "show questions tagged 'earth-like'") world with Saturn-like rings. I've been doing some research here by looking up questions about worlds with rings, of which there is a surprising amount. [One answer I...
[Question] [ Disclaimer: By human-like, I am referring mostly to limb proportions similar to ours. Would it be reasonable for the average member of a bipedal species with proportions similar to those of humans to be stronger than the average chimpanzee? The species I am working on in particular is a semi-arboreal s...
[Question] [ A rich nation, constantly embroiled in warfare and more often than not being invaded, has built, about a couple decades ago, a grand city over the old capital. It houses a very large population of 300 thousand, and it's very well strategically placed, about 50 kilometers from the city lies the coast, wit...
[Question] [ When Ghenghis Khan was establishing his great empire, he felt that it was important to allow information to travel quickly. He created a postal system which allowed everyone from commoners to the military to send messages from one important location to another. My question is, how long would it take to s...
[Question] [ Conceiving of a moon with a similar ecology and atmosphere to Earth, but with a gravity level equivalent to the moon. This is essentially a terraformed analogue to Earth's moon in terms of size and orbit along with a rotation of 60 hour days. My question is what would rain storms look like on this world?...
[Question] [ **Short variant of question:** 1. I have few big natural caves (really big). 2. I want to transform it into shelters capable of keeping ~2.000.000 humans in hibernation, sleep, suspended animation or other thing - so they can sleep for 5000-10.000 years and wake up on one day being mainly healthy and san...
[Question] [ Assume the observer was on the ground, 4 km from the base (bottom) of the Space Elevator. Assume a "standard" Earth Elevator "tethered" at <= 20 degrees of equator, made of diamond nanothread, with an elevator "top" in LEO and a final tether in geosynchronous orbit. Please take into account oscillation a...
[Question] [ Now I love huge living creatures and fantasy settings, this just might be reflected in my questions, so I had the idea to make a massive living island. I saw a similar question, but unfortunately it asked not how it would work, but how it would evolve and play out, so I still need an answer. Now to start...
[Question] [ Suppose a civilization in which every possible appliance is a bio-machine. There are automobiles, but each one has a human-like head under the hood. Each datacenter is a bunch of over-grown brains. There are artificial udders that produce milk without a cow. Each house is living as well. When you sit in ...
[Question] [ Let's use a Mars-like as an example of a planet that interstellar travelers may settle on. Assume that the spacecraft will provide Earth gravity and atmosphere. Comparing this new planet to Earth, it has .5g (1/2 the gravity) and has .5bars of atmosphere, or 1/2 the pressure of Earth. Everything else is ...
[Question] [ I recently learned about a chemical known as [chlorine trifluoride](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine_trifluoride). This utter abomination of chemistry reacts to almost everything, setting glass, sand, asbestos, and rust on fire (to name only a few), and can only be loosely contained in a fluorine-t...
[Question] [ I am writing a book, and I want to create either a sentient fungoid or plant and I wish for it to use hormones instead of neurons to transfer information. I'm not sure how this would work and affect the capacities of the plant/fungoid? [Answer] It's possible, doable, and [there is real world research ...
[Question] [ **This question already has an answer here**: [How to make a flying human](/questions/23145/how-to-make-a-flying-human) (1 answer) Closed 4 years ago. How would it work for a human to have wings and how would they be able to fly? What wings would make the most sense, feathered, webbed etc.? How w...
[Question] [ So, after multiple users informed me that my [previous question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/32372/is-my-flying-fish-world-plausible) was a little to broad, I decided to narrow my focus a little bit. Using only hard science, could there be a planet composed, with the exception of a ...
[Question] [ I have a city built on the peak of a 3 km-high mountain that moves from place to place on a daily basis, the whole mountain appearing in a new place each dawn. Typically, the place in which it appears is or has experienced winter conditions, or at least colder conditions than usual. The city survives by ...
[Question] [ Came up with this question when I read [this](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/25658/how-would-a-war-between-immortals-be-fought). **Would Immortals feel pain?** Pain is our bodies reaction to a stimulus, telling us that something is wrong and that we should stop doing what we are doing ...
[Question] [ I imagine a world like Earth, only without easy mineable copper (say, where copper was as rare as gold). That means no brass nor bronze too (they are copper alloys). I presume prehistoric humans could discover metallurgy using other easily melted metals (tin, lead). So they would pass directly from ston...
[Question] [ # Background: **Human Origins:** We originated from a space-faring civilization. A breakaway faction that hates advanced space level tech traveled here and set up shop before destroying their advanced tech. They were unprepared for the large animals on Earth before the Ice Age and they quickly lost the a...
[Question] [ Before the double helix DNA was discovered by Watson and his colleague, they theorized the existence of a triple-strands DNA and its properties. Is multiple-strands DNA possible perhaps by manipulating the structure of a double helix DNA with science? Multi means more than 2 [Answer] There has been a ...
[Question] [ So, just read a good number of the answers over at [Is a jet dragon possible?](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/8962/is-a-jet-dragon-possible), and it seems that a jet dragon doesn't make much sense due to supersonic flight pre-jet engine being required. Rocket engines function different...
[Question] [ Going off of my other question [here](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/8772/can-a-nonspherical-planet-exist-and-can-it-be-habitable), I guessed that a cube planet could work out. BUT, would it be possible for the planet to exist and function as a (relatively) normal planet with life on i...
[Question] [ 1. **How would plants be affected by a 48 hour day, instead of 24 hour?** Would plants be larger to store more energy for photosynthesis? 2. **Also, how about the temperature of the earth be different on both day/night?** 3. **How would the different temperature affect plants?** (Note: this is a more pre...
[Question] [ Scenarios for a [technological singularity](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_singularity) usually seem to wait for machine intelligence to [exceed](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence) human intelligence. Say the consumer [needs](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_needs) of humans ar...
[Question] [ **Closed.** This question is [off-topic](/help/closed-questions). It is not currently accepting answers. --- This question does not appear to be about worldbuilding, within the scope defined in the [help center](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/help). Closed 1 year ago. [Improve this question...
[Question] [ A Banks Orbital requires some form of unobtainium, with tensile strength much greater than any known substance. I'm trying to figure out how that substance would stand up to impacts and explosions. To be specific, say the material in question is, to coin a word, paraneutronium, basically 'as strong as ne...
[Question] [ A dark hycean world is supposed to be a hot water world with a thick atmosphere around a red dwarf star. This means it's tidally locked with one side forever facing the sun and the other forever facing space. These red dwarves do tend to flare often so proper shelter would be a must. Would just going ben...
[Question] [ I'm currently creating a setting with a large culture that takes a lot of inspiration from Zoroastrianism and the Ancient Near east and Mediterranean. It's going pretty good I'd say, but I've realized that all of my cultures, barring linguistics and rituals specifically relating to magic, are one-to-one ...
[Question] [ **PROJEKT '** ***ABYDOS*** **'** The (as of yet pretty ill-defined) setting of one of my worldbuilding projects is the Vārẽn Sea (working title). It's a large gulf that opens into waters with a large amount of small islands, similar to the South China or Agean Sea, or to a lesser extent the Gulf of Mexic...
[Question] [ **Closed**. This question is [opinion-based](/help/closed-questions). It is not currently accepting answers. --- **Want to improve this question?** Update the question so it can be answered with facts and citations by [editing this post](/posts/194863/edit). Closed 2 years ago. [Improve this question...
[Question] [ I have a magic system with very specific physical rules (hence why the question is [science-based](/questions/tagged/science-based "show questions tagged 'science-based'")), but I need help working out a specific scenario. Also feel free to suggest better terminology where it can use improvement; explain...
[Question] [ Light travels at different speeds through different types of media, which causes phenomena such as [refraction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction) and [Cherenkov radiation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation). However, in most cases, the light still travels through the medium pretty...
[Question] [ **This question asks for hard science.** All answers to this question should be backed up by equations, empirical evidence, scientific papers, other citations, etc. Answers that do not satisfy this requirement might be removed. See [the tag description](/tags/hard-science/info) for more information. I've...
[Question] [ What are two non lethal substances that will combine to create a strong poison when ingested close together? Hopefully my character would be able to drink one of the substances mixed in to a wine or whiskey that is shared out with a few people, but does not kill anyone (yet!). Soon afterwards the charact...
[Question] [ I want to have a somewhat realistic setting where space fleets have to close in to short distances, probably around 1000 km or less, in order to inflict damage. This will be only a few hundred years into the future. Also, I don't want a direct translation of a naval fleet to space if it'll require too ma...
[Question] [ So, one thing we didn't talk about was the political ramification that'd arise from kingdom A using a dragon in battles. Kingdom A seems to be able to make the dragon do just about anything they say. The Dragon can rebel to a degree and choose his own method of doing things, but he can't disobey a direct...
[Question] [ (Note: This is a follow-up question to my previous one: [Moved into further orbits to protect them, how much damage do Earth and Moon take when the Sun expands?](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/q/166627/61035)) Thanks to clever stellar engineering by a group of aliens (see below.), the Sun has be...
[Question] [ Taking into account the some limitations of the square-cube law, biology, and aviation, I have tried to make a dragon-like creature and a hominid that participate in a symbiotic relationship. For starters, the dragon is reptilian, and related to varanids (possibly in the varanoidea superfamily). In parti...
[Question] [ I wish to create a world such that it can support the following plot point: the world experiences gravitational waves that are directly noticeable to the human population (i.e. they can feel or see the effects themselves without instruments) without being so strong that everything gets spaghettified. The...
[Question] [ Is there a way to make retractable tusks anatomically plausible in a creature design without relying on an articulated bone structure? Basically, relying fully on musculature instead of articulation like a cat's retractable claw. The tusks would be able to slide in and out of the creature's mouth through...
[Question] [ In actual history, the Supreme Court ruled in 1971 in *New York Times v. US* that prior restraint is illegal, upholding its earlier decision in 1931 in *Near v. Minnesota*. In my alternate history, the Supreme Court rules that the US does not have to prove that publication would cause irreparable harm to...
[Question] [ **This question already has answers here**: [Could a gas giant's moon have stable rings?](/questions/96187/could-a-gas-giants-moon-have-stable-rings) (4 answers) Closed 3 years ago. I'm currently fleshing out a sci-fi universe and always looking for fun new locales to populate it with, and I saw t...
[Question] [ How could I calculate the habitable bounds, in relation to temperature, near the twilight zone of Gliese 667 Cc? Assuming an Earth-like atmosphere and no tidal working. Here are the numbers that I have been using: * Parent star Temperature = $3350\text{ K}$ * Distance from star = $25.4\times10^6\text{ k...
[Question] [ In the science fiction setting I'm working on, one of the factions are supposed to be using naturally occurring antimatter because the systems they reside in have sufficient natural sources of it. I've explored the idea of chasing positrons in gas giant storms, but found that antiprotons can be found in ...
[Question] [ **This question asks for hard science.** All answers to this question should be backed up by equations, empirical evidence, scientific papers, other citations, etc. Answers that do not satisfy this requirement might be removed. See [the tag description](/tags/hard-science/info) for more information. I'd ...
[Question] [ Is there a limit (and if so, what is it) to the size (mass) of terrestrial planet that could be "captured" as a moon by a migrating gas giant? I'm writing a novel where a colony ship crashes on such a moon. My research tells me that a moon around a gas-giant is not likely to be larger than 1:10,000th of ...
[Question] [ We've built a nice, sturdy enclosure to house one of our drydocks to do covert work on a battleship without people easily spying on us. As such, there are no significant windows. Additionally, it's not a quick and dirty coverup - This dock has been used a few times for such purposes, so the construction ...
[Question] [ For starters, allow me to define more carefully what I am asking. For now I am not worried about any of the following, as if this question is answered they will be covered in later questions: * The aerodynamics or feasibility of its flight, covered [Here](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions...
[Question] [ In some environments (think of the Faerunian Underdark for a fantasy example, or a planet orbiting a pulsar for sci-fi folks), high-energy (UV and up, but I'm mostly concerned about UV and very soft X-rays here as hard gammas are going to make animal life impossible anyway) radiation predominates over vi...
[Question] [ Specifically, how many 5 to 10 kilometer asteroids could you fit around the Earth-Moon Lagrangian points? Does the number change depending on which Lagrange point it is? [Answer] From [Wikipedia:](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_point#Stability) > > # Stability > > > Although the L1, L2, a...
[Question] [ On a world I am building, the day/night cycle last 9 years, meaning that there are interesting forms of life. Plants are the most interesting of these living things, which have many interesting forms of keeping themselves alive. The problem is that I am unaware of what the effects of 4 and a half years o...
[Question] [ I've wanted my fantasy world to be as realistic and science-based as possible (aside from magic), but I also want there to be dinosaurs or creatures that are very similar to dinosaurs. So what would be *required* to realistically have dinosaurs inhabiting the same world as humans? For example, what clima...
[Question] [ Based off [this question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/55260/reasons-to-not-allow-an-uploaded-brain-to-be-conscious), since it also involves brain uploading. My Magnificent Bastard villain is a cognitive neuroscientist with his own lab who has interest in knowing how brains would wor...
[Question] [ In the [latest Artifexian video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6i6TPsqvaM), he talked about terrestrial moons, bringing up great ways they could and would exist. But the video ended with an interesting concept, Horseshoe Habitable Moons. From [Wikipedia:](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoe_orbit)...
[Question] [ Let's assume that the dictator of a large and rich country is approximately 70 years old, and that signs of old age are showing, meaning that his death is not very far. Let's assume that the people of the country want to keep this person alive for the longest possible period at any price. Let's assume th...
[Question] [ I'm retouching the idea discussed in detail here [Evolution of species with separate sapient and non-sapient forms?](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/10131/evolution-of-species-with-seperate-sapient-and-non-sapient-forms). I like the discussion had there, but want to focus in on one spec...
[Question] [ I've just read [this article](http://www.gizmag.com/laser-light-propulsion/41980/) and watched the accompanying video. Heady stuff, for sure. I'm particularly intrigued by the concept of a "solar gravitational lens telescope" somewhere out near the heliopause. I'm surprised this isn't bigger news. I don'...
[Question] [ One of the great problems in designing an Artificial Intelligence [we can control](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/6340/the-challenge-of-controlling-a-powerful-ai) is our own lack of sufficient intelligence. Partial failure here (success as designing an AI, failure at control) would res...
[Question] [ In previous questions on this topic, I've devised a [genetically-diverse creature](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/33040/multiple-dna-one-creature?lq=1) that uses a [cold fusion internal engine](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/33243/internal-organic-cold-fusion-engine)...
[Question] [ Ogre, a sci-fi tabletop wargame from 1977, used the development of an extraordinarily strong composite armor called 'biphase carbide' (BPC) as a technobabble justification for the widespread deployment of nuclear munitions in conventional warfare and a resurgence of tanks as the primary combatants of wor...
[Question] [ ## Premise Imagine a world in which magical healing exists. A healer may heal wounds very quickly until his energy is exhausted (at peek performance they can heal someone severely wounded back full fighting force on the field). In this world front line soldiers may get rapidly healed from severe injuries...
[Question] [ The [Worlds largest ant](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipkHrzKK110) is around 1 inch long give or take. I wanted to know how large an ant could grow assuming conditions are perfect. Below are the conditions of their environment; 1: The gravity is equal to or less than earth 2: They would live in rai...
[Question] [ I'm thinking of a character who is cursed (magical in nature) so that everything organic that enters his vision is immediately turned to ash, with the exception of his own body (ie, he won't reduce his own eyelids to ash). **The effects of the curse:** When I say "everything organic", I mean everything t...
[Question] [ **This question asks for hard science.** All answers to this question should be backed up by equations, empirical evidence, scientific papers, other citations, etc. Answers that do not satisfy this requirement might be removed. See [the tag description](/tags/hard-science/info) for more information. Base...
[Question] [ Set in the late 21st century AD, tensions in South China Sea is high, especially since China already constructed its third nuclear aircraft carrier. During the last decades, mishap and tragedy occurred frequently near international water shared by Philippine and China. There have been many reports of bro...
[Question] [ **This question asks for hard science.** All answers to this question should be backed up by equations, empirical evidence, scientific papers, other citations, etc. Answers that do not satisfy this requirement might be removed. See [the tag description](/tags/hard-science/info) for more information. This...
[Question] [ It is said that the Moon plays a significant role on stabilizing the obliquity of Earth (or call it the axial tilt). Without it, the tilt of the planet is subject to great variations causing unpredictable climatic conditions on the planet. This is not ideal for life. Scenario: An advanced civilization di...
[Question] [ I am trying to make a digital world map (preferably vector graphic but it's definitely not essential) for my planet but I don't know which projection to use and how to go about actually making it. I want to be able to define shape and size of the land with minimal distortion. Furthermore, how would I go ...
[Question] [ **Start:** * Normal planet, very similar to Earth. The main difference is that the continents are placed differently. * Magic could play a role in the formation of mountains but I prefer a scientific explanation. **Process:** * The activity inside the planet makes surface plates move. At a specific pla...
[Question] [ [This question](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/2629/what-happens-if-the-sun-disappears-and-then-reappears-some-days-later) asks what would happen to the solar system if the sun vanished for about three days, the mass and energy of the sun simply ceasing to exist. [This answer](https://...
[Question] [ I'm looking for a rock from which my island is constructed. It needs to be: * Either created from the sea or via intense pressure/heat * Capable of trapping layers of gas beneath it * White(ish) I was thinking about limestone but I'm not sure if islands with large quantities of limestone are realistic. A...
[Question] [ Disclaimer: the overall idea of the world as presented is basically lifted from Strugatsky Brothers "[Inhabited Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoners_of_Power)". The details of the question are for a derivative work in that universe. Imagine a planet whose atmosphere has an unusually large refr...
[Question] [ The international phonetic alphabet system contains all sounds that a human can make. However, humans are not lizards, but mammals, and hence have many features that let us make more complex sounds The basic example will be an intelligent lizard that speaks through its mouth. Its mouth has the following ...
[Question] [ So 5-6 million years ago, the strait of Gibraltar closed due to plate tectonics. Because of this the Mediterranean dried up (maybe leaving a couple small very salty lakes). This would have made Europe much drier, maybe even gave it a desert. This event is expected to happen again in the future. So 5-10 t...
[Question] [ In my setting, there is an area that is usually filled with water at high tide and a land bridge at low tide. One day, a magical wall appeared that does not let water through, but does let through anything else. The shape of the wall is a vertical cylinder (with radius high enough that locally, it as wel...