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Security and identity
Security and identity
Security is a major concern of any modern web application or API. It's
important to keep your user or customer data safe and out of the hands
of attackers. This is a very broad topic, involving things like:
Sanitizing data input to prevent SQL injection attacks
Preventing cross-domain (CSRF) attacks in forms
Using HTTPS (connection encryption) so data can't be intercepted as
it travels over the Internet
Giving users a way to securely sign in with a password or other
credentials
Designing password reset, account recovery, and multi-factor
authentication flows
ASP.NET Core can help make all of this easier to implement. The first
two (protection against SQL injection and cross-domain attacks) are
already built-in, and you can add a few lines of code to enable HTTPS
support. This chapter will mainly focus on the identity aspects of
security: handling user accounts, authenticating (logging in) your users
securely, and making authorization decisions once they are
authenticated.
Authentication and authorization are distinct ideas that are often
confused. Authentication deals with whether a user is logged in,
while authorization deals with what they are allowed to do after
they log in. You can think of authentication as asking the question,
"Do I know who this user is?" While authorization asks, "Does this
user have permission to do X?"
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Security and identity
The MVC + Individual Authentication template you used to scaffold the
project includes a number of classes built on top of ASP.NET Core
Identity, an authentication and identity system that's part of ASP.NET
Core. Out of the box, this adds the ability to log in with an email and
password.
What is ASP.NET Core Identity?
ASP.NET Core Identity is the identity system that ships with ASP.NET
Core. Like everything else in the ASP.NET Core ecosystem, it's a set of
NuGet packages that can be installed in any project (and are already
included if you use the default template).
ASP.NET Core Identity takes care of storing user accounts, hashing and
storing passwords, and managing roles for users. It supports
email/password login, multi-factor authentication, social login with
providers like Google and Facebook, as well as connecting to other
services using protocols like OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect.
The Register and Login views that ship with the MVC + Individual
Authentication template already take advantage of ASP.NET Core
Identity, and they already work! Try registering for an account and
logging in.
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Require authentication
Require authentication