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The dataset generation failed
Error code:   DatasetGenerationError
Exception:    CastError
Message:      Couldn't cast
test: list<item: string>
  child 0, item: string
cad_file_id: string
images: list<item: string>
  child 0, item: string
messages: list<item: struct<role: string, content: string>>
  child 0, item: struct<role: string, content: string>
      child 0, role: string
      child 1, content: string
to
{'messages': List({'role': Value('string'), 'content': Value('string')}), 'images': List(Value('string')), 'cad_file_id': Value('string')}
because column names don't match
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1779, in _prepare_split_single
                  for key, table in generator:
                                    ^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 609, in wrapped
                  for item in generator(*args, **kwargs):
                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 299, in _generate_tables
                  self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 128, in _cast_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2321, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2249, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              test: list<item: string>
                child 0, item: string
              cad_file_id: string
              images: list<item: string>
                child 0, item: string
              messages: list<item: struct<role: string, content: string>>
                child 0, item: struct<role: string, content: string>
                    child 0, role: string
                    child 1, content: string
              to
              {'messages': List({'role': Value('string'), 'content': Value('string')}), 'images': List(Value('string')), 'cad_file_id': Value('string')}
              because column names don't match
              
              The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1342, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
                  parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
                                                                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 907, in stream_convert_to_parquet
                  builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1646, in _prepare_split
                  for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
                                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1832, in _prepare_split_single
                  raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
              datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the dataset

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messages
list
images
list
cad_file_id
string
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-25, -25, 0) to (25, 25, 3), center = (0, 0, 1.5), scale = 25" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "Featu...
[ "path/to/0085/00855172.png" ]
00855172
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-1.5, -1.49, 0) to (1.5, 1.49, 3.5), center = (0, 0, 1.75), scale = 1.75" }, { "role": "assistant", "conte...
[ "path/to/0085/00855639.png" ]
00855639
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-74.58, -3.18, -74.61) to (61.91, 3.18, 15.88), center = (-6.34, 0, -29.37), scale = 68.25" }, { "role": "assi...
[ "path/to/0085/00858160.png" ]
00858160
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-386.65, -495.3, -353.25) to (388.05, 1.59, 504), center = (0.7, -246.86, 75.37), scale = 428.62" }, { "role":...
[ "path/to/0085/00855528.png" ]
00855528
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (0, -101.6, 0) to (25.4, 0, 25.4), center = (12.7, -50.8, 12.7), scale = 50.8" }, { "role": "assistant", "c...
[ "path/to/0085/00852442.png" ]
00852442
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-1479.55, -25.4, -92.08) to (1479.55, 25.4, 92.08), center = (0, 0, 0), scale = 1479.55" }, { "role": "assista...
[ "path/to/0085/00852185.png" ]
00852185
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-158.98, -44.45, -224.04) to (247.42, 0, 80.76), center = (44.22, -22.22, -71.64), scale = 203.2" }, { "role":...
[ "path/to/0085/00854822.png" ]
00854822
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-8.75, -10.99, 0) to (13.2, 10.99, 7), center = (2.22, 0, 3.5), scale = 10.99" }, { "role": "assistant", "...
[ "path/to/0085/00850603.png" ]
00850603
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-19.05, -19.05, 0) to (19.05, 19.05, 25.4), center = (0, 0, 12.7), scale = 19.05" }, { "role": "assistant", ...
[ "path/to/0085/00858945.png" ]
00858945
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-18.38, -50.8, -18.39) to (18.38, 0, 18.34), center = (0, -25.4, -0.02), scale = 25.4" }, { "role": "assistant...
[ "path/to/0085/00855089.png" ]
00855089
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (0, -201.95, -125.73) to (25, 93.05, 49.08), center = (12.5, -54.45, -38.33), scale = 147.5" }, { "role": "assi...
[ "path/to/0085/00856961.png" ]
00856961
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (0, -150, -20) to (30, 0, -15), center = (15, -75, -17.5), scale = 75" }, { "role": "assistant", "content":...
[ "path/to/0085/00852425.png" ]
00852425
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-30, -5, 0) to (0, 0, 75), center = (-15, -2.5, 37.5), scale = 37.5" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": ...
[ "path/to/0085/00850666.png" ]
00850666
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-50.8, -762, -6.35) to (50.8, 0, 6.35), center = (0, -381, 0), scale = 381" }, { "role": "assistant", "con...
[ "path/to/0085/00859318.png" ]
00859318
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-3, -2.98, 0) to (3, 2.98, 28), center = (0, 0, 14), scale = 14" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "Fea...
[ "path/to/0085/00850776.png" ]
00850776
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-28.62, -10, -27.73) to (30.02, 0, 30.02), center = (0.7, -5, 1.15), scale = 29.32" }, { "role": "assistant", ...
[ "path/to/0085/00857587.png" ]
00857587
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (0, 0, 0) to (15.88, 381, 69.85), center = (7.94, 190.5, 34.92), scale = 190.5" }, { "role": "assistant", "...
[ "path/to/0085/00853948.png" ]
00853948
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-235.72, -31.75, -50.99) to (94.48, 0, 25.21), center = (-70.62, -15.88, -12.89), scale = 165.1" }, { "role": ...
[ "path/to/0085/00851534.png" ]
00851534
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-46.3, -15, 0) to (46.16, 14.99, 40), center = (-0.07, 0, 20), scale = 46.23" }, { "role": "assistant", "c...
[ "path/to/0085/00859193.png" ]
00859193
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-63.5, 0, 0) to (0, 63.5, 63.5), center = (-31.75, 31.75, 31.75), scale = 31.75" }, { "role": "assistant", ...
[ "path/to/0085/00851398.png" ]
00851398
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (0, -60, -4) to (78, 0, 21.5), center = (39, -30, 8.75), scale = 39" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "...
[ "path/to/0085/00853710.png" ]
00853710
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-12, -61.96, -10) to (12, 61.96, 5), center = (0, 0, -2.5), scale = 61.96" }, { "role": "assistant", "cont...
[ "path/to/0085/00853934.png" ]
00853934
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (0, 0, 0) to (755.65, 501.65, 15.88), center = (377.83, 250.82, 7.94), scale = 377.82" }, { "role": "assistant"...
[ "path/to/0085/00855602.png" ]
00855602
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-38.48, -38.1, -92.79) to (38.48, 0, 38.48), center = (0, -19.05, -27.15), scale = 65.63" }, { "role": "assist...
[ "path/to/0085/00854793.png" ]
00854793
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (0, -127, 0) to (139.78, 50.8, 177.8), center = (69.9, -38.1, 88.9), scale = 88.9" }, { "role": "assistant", ...
[ "path/to/0085/00851701.png" ]
00851701
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-15, -25, -25) to (15, 25, 25), center = (0, 0, 0), scale = 25" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "Feat...
[ "path/to/0085/00851920.png" ]
00851920
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-19.05, -609.6, -44.73) to (19.05, 0, 44.45), center = (0, -304.8, -0.14), scale = 304.8" }, { "role": "assist...
[ "path/to/0085/00852191.png" ]
00852191
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-16.45, -16.49, -11) to (16.5, 16.49, 10), center = (0.02, 0, -0.5), scale = 16.49" }, { "role": "assistant", ...
[ "path/to/0085/00856790.png" ]
00856790
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-21, -20.95, 0) to (21, 20.95, 10), center = (0, 0, 5), scale = 21" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "...
[ "path/to/0085/00856729.png" ]
00856729
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-76.27, -21.81, -2514.6) to (4.45, 38.02, 50.8), center = (-35.9, 8.1, -1231.9), scale = 1282.7" }, { "role": ...
[ "path/to/0085/00854982.png" ]
00854982
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-10.5, -10.5, -29) to (10.5, 10.5, 31.15), center = (0, 0, 1.07), scale = 30.08" }, { "role": "assistant", ...
[ "path/to/0085/00857110.png" ]
00857110
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-101.6, -76.2, 0) to (101.6, 76.2, 3.18), center = (0, 0, 1.59), scale = 101.6" }, { "role": "assistant", ...
[ "path/to/0085/00851194.png" ]
00851194
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-14.95, -14.99, 0) to (15, 14.99, 5), center = (0.02, 0, 2.5), scale = 14.99" }, { "role": "assistant", "c...
[ "path/to/0085/00858716.png" ]
00858716
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-468.5, -360, -2.5) to (468.5, 360, 2.5), center = (0, 0, 0), scale = 468.5" }, { "role": "assistant", "co...
[ "path/to/0085/00851226.png" ]
00851226
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-4.96, -6.35, -5) to (4.96, 12.5, 5), center = (0, 3.08, 0), scale = 9.43" }, { "role": "assistant", "cont...
[ "path/to/0085/00859253.png" ]
00859253
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-34.95, -34.99, 0) to (35, 34.99, 10), center = (0.02, 0, 5), scale = 34.99" }, { "role": "assistant", "co...
[ "path/to/0085/00853774.png" ]
00853774
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-24, -57.25, -17) to (24, 57.25, 0), center = (0, 0, -8.5), scale = 57.25" }, { "role": "assistant", "cont...
[ "path/to/0085/00857103.png" ]
00857103
[ { "role": "system", "content": "You are CAD code generation model." }, { "role": "user", "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework. Mesh bounds from (-7.94, -12.7, -7.94) to (7.94, 0, 7.94), center = (0, -6.35, 0), scale = 7.94" }, { "role": "assistant", "...
[ "path/to/0085/00858556.png" ]
00858556
End of preview.

CADFS Dataset

CADFS: A Big CAD Program Dataset and Framework for Computer-Aided Design with Large Language Models


A large-scale dataset for parametric CAD model generation from text descriptions and multi-view images. Models are represented as FeatureScript programs, enabling direct import into Onshape environment.

This dataset was used to train and evaluate CADFS, a fine-tuned Qwen2-VL-2B multimodal language model for text-to-CAD and image-to-CAD generation.


Data Description

dataset/ β€” Processed Data

File Description
featurescript_fp.zip Full-precision processed FeatureScript programs.
featurescript_rp.zip Used in training and evaluation. Reduced-precision variant with floating-point values rounded to 2 decimal places. Produces a more compact token representation suitable for language model training. Note that rounding may break compilability for some models, while others are only compilable in reduced precision.
text_annotations.zip Natural language annotations describing the geometry, topology, and design intent of each model, obtained with GPT-OSS-120b.
step.zip STEP files with B-rep geometry. Rendered from featurescript_fp.zip where possible, or featurescript_rp.zip otherwise.

raw/ β€” Raw Source Data

Source data used to create the processed FeatureScript representation.

File Description
featurescript_raw.zip Unprocessed FeatureScript programs.
sketch_raw.zip Sketch metadata extracted from FeatureScript feature trees.
step_abc.zip STEP files extracted from the ABC dataset, used in both training and evaluation.
multiview_images_abc.zip Multi-view images rendered from step_abc.zip, used in both training and evaluation.

test_data/ β€” Evaluation Benchmarks

Minimal data required to perform evaluation, without the need to download the full dataset. A .json metadata file and a .zip archive are provided for each benchmark:

Benchmark Contents
CADFS jsonl, fs, annotations, images, step
DeepCAD jsonl, fs, annotations, images, step
CADParser jsonl, images, step

train_data/ β€” Training Splits

Training data is split into two stages following the CADFS two-stage fine-tuning strategy, and two input modalities each. We filtered out duplicates and kept only samples whose input and output fit within a context size of 8192 tokens.

File Stage Modality Description
stage1_txt_train.jsonl Stage 1 Text Pre-training on text-to-FeatureScript generation
stage1_img_train.jsonl Stage 1 Image Pre-training on image-to-FeatureScript generation
stage2_txt_train.jsonl Stage 2 Text Fine-tuning with high-quality curated text pairs
stage2_img_train.jsonl Stage 2 Image Fine-tuning with high-quality curated image-program pairs

For training and evaluation we use .jsonl data format. Each .jsonl line follows the format:

Image input:

{
  "messages": [
    {
      "role": "system",
      "content": "You are CAD code generation model."
    },
    {
      "role": "user",
      "content": "<image>Generate a CAD model using FeatureScript framework..."
    },
    {
      "role": "assistant",
      "content": "FeatureScript 1511;\n..."
    }
  ],
  "images": ["path/to/0085/00858269.png"],
  "cad_file_id": "00858269"
}

Text input:

{
  "messages": [
    {
      "role": "system",
      "content": "You are CAD code generation model."
    },
    {
      "role": "user",
      "content": "Step 1 - Sketch\nCreate a new sketch on the default top plane..."
    },
    {
      "role": "assistant",
      "content": "FeatureScript 1511;\n..."
    }
  ],
  "cad_file_id": "00858269"
}

Usage

For usage examples, inference code, and FeatureScript processing pipeline, see the CADFS GitHub repository.

License

This dataset is released under CC BY 4.0.
It may be used for any purpose, including commercial, with attribution.


Citation

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:

@inproceedings{pyatov2026cadfs,
    title      = {{{CADFS}}: A Big {{CAD}} Program Dataset and Framework for Computer-Aided Design with Large Language Models},
    shorttitle = {{{CADFS}}},
    booktitle  = {2026 {{IEEE}}/{{CVF Conference}} on {{Computer Vision}} and {{Pattern Recognition}} ({{CVPR}})},
    author     = {Vladislav Pyatov and Gleb Bobrovskikh and Saveliy Galochkin and Nikita Boldyrev and Oleg Voynov and Alexander Filippov and Gonzalo Ferrer and Peter Wonka and Evgeny Burnaev},
    year       = 2026,
    month      = jun,
    langid     = {english}
}
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