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Herbal extract
Herbal extract Herbal extract is a liquid solution of herbs and alcohol. The dried or fresh herbs are combined with alcohol, then the solid matter is removed leaving only the oils of the herbs mixed with the alcohol. This process is called extraction, hence the name, herbal extract. For example an extract made from pep...
Herbal extract Herbal extract is a liquid solution of herbs and alcohol. The dried or fresh herbs are combined with alcohol, then the solid matter is removed leaving only the oils of the herbs mixed with the alcohol. This process is called extraction, hence the name, herbal extract. For example an extract made from pe...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Herbal_Agent_overdose
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HighWire Press
HighWire Press HighWire Press is a division of the Stanford University Libraries that produces the online versions of high-impact, peer-reviewed journals and other scholarly content. Recipient of the 2003 Association for Learned and Professional Society Publishers (ALPSP) Award for "Service to Not-for-Profit Publishing...
HighWire Press HighWire Press is a division of the Stanford University Libraries that produces the online versions of high-impact, peer-reviewed journals and other scholarly content. Recipient of the 2003 Association for Learned and Professional Society Publishers (ALPSP) Award for "Service to Not-for-Profit Publishin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/HighWire_Press
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Hyperammonemia
Hyperammonemia # Overview Hyperammonemia (or 'hyperammonaemia') is a metabolic disturbance characterised by an excess of ammonia in the blood. It is a dangerous condition that may lead to encephalopathy and death. It may be primary or secondary. Ammonia is a substance that contains nitrogen. It is a product of the cat...
Hyperammonemia Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hyperammonemia (or 'hyperammonaemia') is a metabolic disturbance characterised by an excess of ammonia in the blood. It is a dangerous condition that may lead to encephalopathy and death. It may be primary or secondary. Ammonia is a substanc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/High_blood_ammonia
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Higher alkanes
Higher alkanes Alkanes, also known as paraffins, are chemical compounds that consist only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) (i.e., hydrocarbons), wherein these atoms are linked together exclusively by single bonds (i.e., they are saturated compounds) without any cyclic structure (i.e. loops). Alkanes belong t...
Higher alkanes Alkanes, also known as paraffins, are chemical compounds that consist only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) (i.e., hydrocarbons), wherein these atoms are linked together exclusively by single bonds (i.e., they are saturated compounds) without any cyclic structure (i.e. loops). Alkanes belong ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Higher_alkanes
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Hilda Mahmoudi
Hilda Mahmoudi # Educational History -Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Senior Teaching Assistant certification: Harvard medical school, 2012 -Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Teaching Assistant certification: Harvard medical school, 2011 -Principles and Practice of Clinical Research scholar awa...
Hilda Mahmoudi # Educational History -Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Senior Teaching Assistant certification: Harvard medical school, 2012 -Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Teaching Assistant certification: Harvard medical school, 2011 -Principles and Practice of Clinical Research scholar awa...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hilda_Mahmoudi
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the enti...
Photosynthesis Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hill_reaction
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wikidoc
Hirsh y Garcia
Hirsh y Garcia Hirsh y García is a brand of hand-made premium cigar owned by Cigar King, Inc.. # History and Background The brand was created by José "Pepin" Garcia and is manufactured at the El Rey de los Habanos factory in the Little Havana section of Miami, Florida. The brand takes its name from the two men respons...
Hirsh y Garcia Hirsh y García is a brand of hand-made premium cigar owned by Cigar King, Inc.. # History and Background The brand was created by José "Pepin" Garcia and is manufactured at the El Rey de los Habanos factory in the Little Havana section of Miami, Florida. The brand takes its name from the two men respon...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hirsh_y_Garcia
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Histopathology
Histopathology Histopathology (from the Greek histos (tissue) and pathos (suffering)) refers to the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease. Specifically, in clinical medicine, histopathology refers to the examination of a biopsy or surgical specimen by a pathologist, after the...
Histopathology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Histopathology (from the Greek histos (tissue) and pathos (suffering)) refers to the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease. Specifically, in clinical medicine, histopathology refers to the examination of a bio...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Histopathologic
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History of CPR
History of CPR # Overview Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an important life saving first aid skill, practised throughout the world. It is the only known effective method of keeping someone who has suffered cardiac arrest alive long enough for definitive treatment to be delivered (usually defibrillation and intraveno...
History of CPR Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an important life saving first aid skill, practised throughout the world. It is the only known effective method of keeping someone who has suffered cardiac arrest alive long enough for definitive treatment t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/History_of_CPR
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History of LSD
History of LSD The psychedelic drug/ entheogen LSD was first synthesized by the Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann in the Sandoz (now Novartis) laboratories in Basel, Switzerland in 1938. It wasn't until 5 years later on April 16th, 1943, that the psychedelic properties were discovered. # History The Sandoz laboratory had ...
History of LSD The psychedelic drug/ entheogen LSD was first synthesized by the Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann in the Sandoz (now Novartis) laboratories in Basel, Switzerland in 1938. It wasn't until 5 years later on April 16th, 1943, that the psychedelic properties were discovered. # History The Sandoz laboratory had...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/History_of_LSD
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Precursor mRNA
Precursor mRNA Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the enti...
Precursor mRNA Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/HnRNA
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wikidoc
Hok/sok system
Hok/sok system The host killing/suppressor of killing system, also known as hok/sok system, in molecular biology, is a postsegregational killing system of the plasmid R1 of Escherichia coli. In simple words, the system is controlled by two genes, hok and sok, coding respectively what can be thought of as a long-lived p...
Hok/sok system The host killing/suppressor of killing system, also known as hok/sok system, in molecular biology, is a postsegregational killing system of the plasmid R1 of Escherichia coli. In simple words, the system is controlled by two genes, hok and sok, coding respectively what can be thought of as a long-lived ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hok/sok_system
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Homo georgicus
Homo georgicus Homo georgicus is a species of hominin that was suggested in 2002 to describe fossil skulls and jaws found in Dmanisi, Georgia in 1999 and 2001, which seem intermediate between Homo habilis and H. erectus. A partial skeleton was discovered in 2001. The fossils are about 1.8 million years old. The remains...
Homo georgicus Homo georgicus is a species of hominin that was suggested in 2002 to describe fossil skulls and jaws found in Dmanisi, Georgia in 1999 and 2001, which seem intermediate between Homo habilis and H. erectus.[1] A partial skeleton was discovered in 2001. The fossils are about 1.8 million years old. The rem...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Homo_georgicus
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Hoxsey Therapy
Hoxsey Therapy # Overview The Hoxsey Therapy or Hoxsey Method is a alternative medical treatment promoted as a cure for cancer. The alternative cancer treatment consists of a caustic herbal paste for external cancers or an herbal mixture for "internal" cancers, combined with laxatives, douches, vitamin supplements, an...
Hoxsey Therapy # Overview The Hoxsey Therapy or Hoxsey Method is a alternative medical treatment promoted as a cure for cancer. The alternative cancer treatment consists of a caustic herbal paste for external cancers or an herbal mixture for "internal" cancers, combined with laxatives, douches, vitamin supplements, an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hoxsey_Method
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Insulin lispro
Insulin lispro # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDo...
Insulin lispro Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alonso Alvarado, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Humalog
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Human position
Human position Human position refers to a position of a human body. There are several synonyms that refer to the human position, often used interchangeably, but having specific flavors. - position is a general term for a configuration of the human body - posture means the intentionally or habitually assumed position - ...
Human position Human position refers to a position of a human body. There are several synonyms that refer to the human position, often used interchangeably, but having specific flavors.[1] - position is a general term for a configuration of the human body - posture means the intentionally or habitually assumed positio...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Human_position
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Human rib cage
Human rib cage # Overview The human rib cage is a part of the human skeleton within the thoracic area. A typical human ribcage consists of 24 ribs, 12 on each side of the thoracic cavity, the sternum and the 12 thoracic vertebrae in both males and females. # Number of ribs The number of ribs was noted by the Flemish...
Human rib cage Template:Infobox Anatomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The human rib cage is a part of the human skeleton within the thoracic area. A typical human ribcage consists of 24 ribs, 12 on each side of the thoracic cavity, the sternum and the 12 thoracic vertebrae in both male...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Human_rib_cage
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Human skeleton
Human skeleton # Overview The human skeleton consists of both fused and individual bones supported and supplemented by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage. It serves as a scaffold which supports organs, anchors muscles, and protects organs such as the brain, lungs and heart. The longest and heaviest bone in the ...
Human skeleton Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753 # Overview The human skeleton consists of both fused and individual bones supported and supplemented by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage. It serves as a scaffold which supports organs, anchors muscles, and protects organs su...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Human_skeleton
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wikidoc
Hunner's ulcer
Hunner's ulcer # Overview Hunner's Ulcers occur in 5 to 10 percent of people who have the bladder disease Interstitial cystitis. They form on the wall of the bladder and, like any ulcer, they can bleed, ooze, and may vary in size. They were first described by Dr. Guy LeRoy Hunner, 1868–1957, a Johns Hopkins gynecologi...
Hunner's ulcer Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hunner's Ulcers occur in 5 to 10 percent of people who have the bladder disease Interstitial cystitis. They form on the wall of the bladder and, like any ulcer, they can bleed, ooze, and may vary in size. They were first described by Dr. Guy...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hunner%27s_ulcer
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Hyaloid artery
Hyaloid artery The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends through the vitreous humor to the lens. Usually fully regressed before birth, its purpose is to aid the development of the lens in the gr...
Hyaloid artery Template:Infobox Artery Template:WikiDoc Cardiology News Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends through the vitreous humor t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hyaloid_artery
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Polyhydramnios
Polyhydramnios # Overview Polyhydramnios (polyhydramnion, hydramnios) is the medical condition of too much amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. It is seen in 0.5 to 2% of pregnancies. The opposite to Polyhydramnios is Oligohydramnios. This is a deficiency in amniotic fluid. It is very rare. # Etiology Polyhydramnios ...
Polyhydramnios For patient information, click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Polyhydramnios (polyhydramnion, hydramnios) is the medical condition of too much amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. It is seen in 0.5 to 2% of pregnancies. The opposite to Polyhydramnios is Oligohydramni...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydramnios
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Hydroamination
Hydroamination The hydroamination reaction is the addition an N-H bond across the C=C or C≡C bonds of an alkene or alkyne. This is a highly atom economical method of preparing substituted amines that are attractive targets for organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry . The hydroamination reaction is approx...
Hydroamination The hydroamination reaction is the addition an N-H bond across the C=C or C≡C bonds of an alkene or alkyne. This is a highly atom economical method of preparing substituted amines that are attractive targets for organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. The hydroamination re...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydroamination
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Hydrogen cycle
Hydrogen cycle For the nuclear fusion process producing helium from hydrogen see Proton-proton chain reaction Hydrogen is one of the constituents of water. It recycles as in other biogeochemical cycles. It is actively involved with the other cycles like the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle and sulfur cycle as well. Anaerob...
Hydrogen cycle For the nuclear fusion process producing helium from hydrogen see Proton-proton chain reaction Template:Expert Hydrogen is one of the constituents of water. It recycles as in other biogeochemical cycles. It is actively involved with the other cycles like the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle and sulfur cycle...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydrogen_cycle
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Hyerthyroidism
Hyerthyroidism # Overview Thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating the basal metabolic rate of the body. Over secretion of thyroid hormones can lead to a wide variety of syndromes depending on the cause of the hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism can be due to hyperactivity of the thyroid gland itself (primary hype...
Hyerthyroidism Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2] # Overview Thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating the basal metabolic rate of the body. Over secretion of thyroid hormones can lead to a wide variety of syndromes depending on the cause o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hyerthyroidism
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St John's wort
St John's wort # Overview St John's wort (pronounced Template:IPA-en) used alone refers to the species Hypericum perforatum, also known as Tipton's Weed or Klamath weed, but, with qualifiers, is used to refer to any species of the genus Hypericum. Therefore, H. perforatum is sometimes called Common St John's wort to d...
St John's wort Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [4] # Overview St John's wort (pronounced Template:IPA-en) used alone refers to the species Hypericum perforatum, also known as Tipton's Weed or Klamath weed, but, with qualifiers, is used to refer to any species of the genus Hypericum. Therefore, H. perfo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hyperici_herba
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wikidoc
Hypervalinemia
Hypervalinemia Hypervalinemia (occasionally called valinemia) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder in which urinary and serum levels of the branched-chain amino acid valine are elevated, without related elevation of the branched-chain amino acids leucine and isoleucine. It is caused by a deficiency of the e...
Hypervalinemia Hypervalinemia (occasionally called valinemia) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder in which urinary and serum levels of the branched-chain amino acid valine are elevated, without related elevation of the branched-chain amino acids leucine and isoleucine. It is caused by a deficiency of the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypervalinemia
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Hypoallergenic
Hypoallergenic Hypoallergenic is a term coined by advertisers (based on the Greek prefix hypo meaning "below normal" or "slightly") and first used in a cosmetics campaign in 1953. It is used to describe items (especially cosmetics and textiles) that cause or are claimed to cause fewer allergic reactions. Hypoallergenic...
Hypoallergenic Hypoallergenic is a term coined by advertisers (based on the Greek prefix hypo meaning "below normal" or "slightly") and first used in a cosmetics campaign in 1953.[1] It is used to describe items (especially cosmetics and textiles) that cause or are claimed to cause fewer allergic reactions. Hypoallerg...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypoallergenic
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wikidoc
Hypocitraturia
Hypocitraturia Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing. # Overview Hypocitraturia, a low amount of citrate in the urine, is an important risk factor for kidney stone formation. # Classification Hypocitraturia usually is defined as citrate excretion of less tha...
Hypocitraturia Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing. Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hypocitraturia, a low amount of citrate in the urine, is an important risk factor for kidney stone formation. # Classification Hypocitraturia...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypocitraturia
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Hypoosmolality
Hypoosmolality # Overview Hyposmolality or hypoosmolality is the condition especially of a bodily fluid of having abnormally low osmolality. # Physiology of Osmolality Plasma osmolality is a function of the ratio of body solute to body water. Plasma osmolality is regulated by changes in water balance. Water intake is...
Hypoosmolality Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hyposmolality or hypoosmolality is the condition especially of a bodily fluid of having abnormally low osmolality. # Physiology of Osmolality Plasma osmolality is a function of the ratio of body solute to body water. Plasma osmolality is re...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypoosmolality
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Hösch reaction
Hösch reaction The Hösch reaction (also known as the Hoesch reaction or Houben-Hoesch reaction) is an organic reaction in which a nitrile reacts with an arene compound to form a aryl ketone. the reaction is a type of Friedel-Crafts acylation with hydrochloric acid and a Lewis acid catalyst. An example is the synthesis ...
Hösch reaction The Hösch reaction (also known as the Hoesch reaction or Houben-Hoesch reaction) is an organic reaction in which a nitrile reacts with an arene compound to form a aryl ketone. the reaction is a type of Friedel-Crafts acylation with hydrochloric acid and a Lewis acid catalyst. An example is the synthesis...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/H%C3%B6sch_reaction
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I-cell disease
I-cell disease Synonyms and keywords: mucolipidosis II; ML II # Overview Inclusion-cell (I-cell) disease is so named because waste products, thought to include carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, accumulate into masses known as inclusion bodies. When tissues are examined under a microscope, the detection of inclusion...
I-cell disease Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: mucolipidosis II; ML II # Overview Inclusion-cell (I-cell) disease is so named because waste products, thought to include carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, accumulate into masses known as inclusion bodies. When tissues are exa...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/I-cell_disease
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ICD guidelines
ICD guidelines # 2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACCF/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities - ↑ Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NA, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, Gillinov AM, Gregoratos G, Hammill SC, Hayes DL, Hlatky MA, Newby LK, Page RL, Schoe...
ICD guidelines Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2] # 2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACCF/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities[1][2] - ↑ Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NA...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ICD_guidelines
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Interleukin 10
Interleukin 10 Interleukin 10 (IL-10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. In humans, interleukin 10 is encoded by the IL10 gene. IL-10 signals through a receptor complex consisting of two IL-10 receptor-1 and two IL-10 receptor-2 proteins. Consequently, th...
Interleukin 10 Interleukin 10 (IL-10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. In humans, interleukin 10 is encoded by the IL10 gene.[1] IL-10 signals through a receptor complex consisting of two IL-10 receptor-1 and two IL-10 receptor-2 proteins.[2] Consequen...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL-10
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Interleukin 11
Interleukin 11 Interleukin 11 (IL-11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL11 gene. IL-11 is a cytokine and first isolated in 1990 from bone marrow-derived fibrocyte-like stromal cells. It was initially thought to be important for hematopoiesis, notably for megakaryocyte maturation, but subsequently shown ...
Interleukin 11 Interleukin 11 (IL-11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL11 gene.[1] IL-11 is a cytokine and first isolated in 1990 from bone marrow-derived fibrocyte-like stromal cells. It was initially thought to be important for hematopoiesis, notably for megakaryocyte maturation,[2] but subsequently...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL-11
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Interleukin 12
Interleukin 12 Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is an interleukin that is naturally produced by dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and human B-lymphoblastoid cells (NC-37) in response to antigenic stimulation. # Gene and structure IL-12 is composed of a bundle of four alpha helices. It is a heterodimeric cytokine encod...
Interleukin 12 Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is an interleukin that is naturally produced by dendritic cells,[1] macrophages, neutrophils, and human B-lymphoblastoid cells (NC-37) in response to antigenic stimulation. # Gene and structure IL-12 is composed of a bundle of four alpha helices. It is a heterodimeric cytokine e...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL-12
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Interleukin 13
Interleukin 13 # Overview Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a cytokine secreted by many cell types, but especially T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, that is an important mediator of allergic inflammation and disease. # Functions In addition to effects on immune cells that are similar to those of the closely related cytokine IL-4,...
Interleukin 13 # Overview Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a cytokine secreted by many cell types, but especially T helper type 2 (Th2) cells[1], that is an important mediator of allergic inflammation and disease. # Functions In addition to effects on immune cells that are similar to those of the closely related cytokine IL...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL-13
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Interleukin 15
Interleukin 15 Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine with structural similarity to Interleukin-2 (IL-2). Like IL-2, IL-15 binds to and signals through a complex composed of IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta chain (CD122) and the common gamma chain (gamma-C, CD132). IL-15 is secreted by mononuclear phagocytes (and some other ce...
Interleukin 15 Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine with structural similarity to Interleukin-2 (IL-2). Like IL-2, IL-15 binds to and signals through a complex composed of IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta chain (CD122) and the common gamma chain (gamma-C, CD132). IL-15 is secreted by mononuclear phagocytes (and some other c...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL-15
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Interleukin 16
Interleukin 16 Pro-interleukin-16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL16 gene. This gene was discovered in 1982 at Boston University by Dr. David Center and Dr. William Cruikshank. # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions as a chemoattractant, a modulator of T ce...
Interleukin 16 Pro-interleukin-16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL16 gene.[1][2] This gene was discovered in 1982 at Boston University by Dr. David Center and Dr. William Cruikshank.[3] # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions as a chemoattractant, a modulat...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL-16
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wikidoc
Interleukin 21
Interleukin 21 Interleukin 21 (IL-21) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL21 gene. Interleukin-21 is a cytokine that has potent regulatory effects on cells of the immune system, including natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells that can destroy virally infected or cancerous cells. This cytokine ind...
Interleukin 21 Interleukin 21 (IL-21) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL21 gene.[1][2][3] Interleukin-21 is a cytokine that has potent regulatory effects on cells of the immune system, including natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells that can destroy virally infected or cancerous cells.[1][4] T...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL-21
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wikidoc
Ictal headache
Ictal headache Ictal headaches are headaches associated with seizure activity. They may occur either before (pre-ictal) or after (post-ictal) a seizure, and in rare circumstances during a seizure. Many cases of ictal headache may be misdiagnosed as migraine with aura, or even cluster headache. However, while these cond...
Ictal headache Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Ictal headaches are headaches associated with seizure activity. They may occur either before (pre-ictal) or after (post-ictal) a seizure, and in rare circumstances during a seizure. Many cases of ictal headache may be misdiagnosed as migraine with aura,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ictal_headache
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wikidoc
IgG deficiency
IgG deficiency # Overview IgG deficiency is a form of hypogammaglobulinemia where the serum concentrations of one or more subclasses of IgG are diminished relative to other immunoglobulin isotypes, meanwhile total IgG concentration is noral. IgG deficiency is a laboratory finding that may be not associated with signif...
IgG deficiency Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D. Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2] # Overview IgG deficiency is a form of hypogammaglobulinemia where the serum concentrations of one or more subclasses of IgG are diminished relative to other immunoglobuli...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IgG_deficiency
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wikidoc
Ileus
Ileus overview # Overview Ileus is defined as the temporary cessation of intestinal peristalsis in the absence of mechanical obstruction. The word ileus is derived from the Greek word "είλειν" which means to twist. There is no specific system for classification of postoperative ileus. However, based on etiology, posto...
Ileus overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2] # Overview Ileus is defined as the temporary cessation of intestinal peristalsis in the absence of mechanical obstruction. The word ileus is derived from the Greek word "είλειν" which means to t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ileus_overview
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wikidoc
Image analysis
Image analysis # Overview Image analysis is the extraction of meaningful information from images; mainly from digital images by means of digital image processing techniques. Image analysis tasks can be as simple as reading bar coded tags or as sophisticated as identifying a person from their face. Computers are indis...
Image analysis # Overview Image analysis is the extraction of meaningful information from images; mainly from digital images by means of digital image processing techniques. Image analysis tasks can be as simple as reading bar coded tags or as sophisticated as identifying a person from their face. Computers are indis...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Image_analysis
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wikidoc
Imaginary unit
Imaginary unit In mathematics, physics, and engineering, the imaginary unit is denoted by i\,  or the Latin j\,  or the Greek iota (see alternative notations below). It allows the real number system, \mathbb{R}, to be extended to the complex number system, \mathbb{C}.  Its precise definition is dependent upon the part...
Imaginary unit In mathematics, physics, and engineering, the imaginary unit is denoted by <math>i\,</math>  or the Latin <math>j\,</math>  or the Greek iota (see alternative notations below). It allows the real number system, <math>\mathbb{R},</math> to be extended to the complex number system, <math>\mathbb{C}.</mat...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Imaginary_unit
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wikidoc
Immersion foot
Immersion foot Immersion foot, archaically trench foot, is a medical condition caused by prolonged exposure of the feet to damp and cold. It was a particular problem for soldiers in trench warfare during the winters of World Wars I and II and in the Vietnam conflict. Immersion foot occurs when feet are cold and damp w...
Immersion foot Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Immersion foot, archaically trench foot, is a medical condition caused by prolonged exposure of the feet to damp and cold. It was a particular problem for soldiers in trench warfare during the winters of World Wars I and II and in the Vietnam conflict....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Immersion_foot
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wikidoc
Impella device
Impella device # Overview The Impella device is a percutaneously inserted ventricular assist device (pVAD) that is used to temporarily support left or right ventricular function in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction who undergo high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or...
Impella device Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2] Click here to see a case of chronic total occlusion with retrograde approach with the use of impella on Tweetbook. # Overview The Impella device is a percutaneously inserted ventricular assist device...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Impella
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wikidoc
Ina May Gaskin
Ina May Gaskin Ina May Gaskin is a Certified Professional Midwife (CPM), who has been described as "the mother of authentic midwifery." In 1971 Gaskin, with her husband Stephen, founded the famous intentional community known as The Farm in Summertown Tennessee. There, she and the midwives of the Farm created one of the...
Ina May Gaskin Ina May Gaskin is a Certified Professional Midwife (CPM), who has been described as "the mother of authentic midwifery."[1] In 1971 Gaskin, with her husband Stephen, founded the famous intentional community known as The Farm in Summertown Tennessee. There, she and the midwives of the Farm created one of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ina_May_Gaskin
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wikidoc
Incertae sedis
Incertae sedis Incertae sedis—"of uncertain position (seat)"—is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. # Examples The taxonomy for humans is usually recognized as follows: - Empire Neomura - along with all the living organisms. Domain Eukaryota - along with al...
Incertae sedis Incertae sedis—"of uncertain position (seat)"—is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. # Examples The taxonomy for humans is usually recognized as follows: - Empire Neomura - along with all the living organisms. Domain Eukaryota - along with a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Incertae_sedis
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wikidoc
Indigo carmine
Indigo carmine # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDo...
Indigo carmine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Indigo_carmine
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wikidoc
Indium halides
Indium halides There are three sets of indium halides, the trihalides, the monohalides and a surprising number of intermediate halides. In all of the trihalides the oxidation state of indium is +3 and their proper names are indium(III) fluoride, indium(III) chloride, indium(III) bromide and indium(III) iodide. In the ...
Indium halides There are three sets of indium halides, the trihalides, the monohalides and a surprising number of intermediate halides. In all of the trihalides the oxidation state of indium is +3 and their proper names are indium(III) fluoride, indium(III) chloride, indium(III) bromide and indium(III) iodide. In the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Indium_halides
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wikidoc
Infant formula
Infant formula Infant formula is an artificial substitute for human breast milk. Formulas are designed for infant consumption, and are usually based on either cow milk or soy milk. Use of infant formula has been decreasing in industrial countries for over forty years as a result of antenatal education, increased unders...
Infant formula Infant formula is an artificial substitute for human breast milk. Formulas are designed for infant consumption, and are usually based on either cow milk or soy milk. Use of infant formula has been decreasing in industrial countries for over forty years as a result of antenatal education, increased under...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Infant_Formula
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wikidoc
Lobe (anatomy)
Lobe (anatomy) In anatomy, a lobe is a clear anatomical division or extension that can be determined without the use of a microscope (at the gross anatomy level.) This is in contrast to a lobule, which is a clear division only visible histologically. In practice, this division can be somewhat subjective. For example,...
Lobe (anatomy) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] In anatomy, a lobe is a clear anatomical division or extension[1][2] that can be determined without the use of a microscope (at the gross anatomy level.) This is in contrast to a lobule, which is a clear division only visible histologically. [3] In pra...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_lobe
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wikidoc
Taxonomic rank
Taxonomic rank Taxonomic rank (rank, category, taxonomic category) is an abstract term used in the scientific classification, or taxonomy, of organisms. Taxonomic rank indicates the level of a taxon in the taxonomic hierarchy. Taxa ranked at a particular taxonomic rank are groupings of organisms at the same classificat...
Taxonomic rank Taxonomic rank (rank, category, taxonomic category) is an abstract term used in the scientific classification, or taxonomy, of organisms. Taxonomic rank indicates the level of a taxon in the taxonomic hierarchy. Taxa ranked at a particular taxonomic rank are groupings of organisms at the same classifica...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Infraspecies
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wikidoc
Insert a Table
Insert a Table # Overview Tables can be useful for a variety of content presentation on WikiDoc. Traditional HTML markup is often difficult to edit, especially for newcomers, and so a simpler approach that uses wiki syntax is generally preferable. # Converting from HTML tables to wiki table syntax This can be done a...
Insert a Table Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Tables can be useful for a variety of content presentation on WikiDoc. Traditional HTML markup is often difficult to edit, especially for newcomers, and so a simpler approach that uses wiki syntax is generally preferable. # Converting from...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Insert_a_Table
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wikidoc
Insular cortex
Insular cortex The insular cortex (abbrev. insula) is a structure of the human brain. It lies deep to the brain's lateral surface, within the lateral sulcus which separates the temporal lobe and inferior parietal cortex. These overlying cortical areas are known as opercula (meaning "lids"), and parts of the frontal, te...
Insular cortex Template:Infobox Brain The insular cortex (abbrev. insula) is a structure of the human brain. It lies deep to the brain's lateral surface, within the lateral sulcus which separates the temporal lobe and inferior parietal cortex. These overlying cortical areas are known as opercula (meaning "lids"), and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Insula
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wikidoc
Insulin aspart
Insulin aspart # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDo...
Insulin aspart Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is in...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Insulin_Aspart
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wikidoc
Insulin analog
Insulin analog # Overview An insulin analog is an altered insulin, different from the insulin secreted by the human pancreas, but still available to the human body for performing the same action as human insulin. Through genetic engineering of the underlying DNA, the amino acid sequence of insulin can be changed to al...
Insulin analog # Overview An insulin analog is an altered insulin, different from the insulin secreted by the human pancreas, but still available to the human body for performing the same action as human insulin. Through genetic engineering of the underlying DNA, the amino acid sequence of insulin can be changed to al...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Insulin_analog
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wikidoc
Intentionality
Intentionality # Overview The term intentionality is often simplistically summarized as "aboutness" or the relationship between mental acts and the external world. Originally intentionality was a concept from scholastic philosophy. The concept of intentionality was later reintroduced in 19th century contemporary philo...
Intentionality # Overview The term intentionality is often simplistically summarized as "aboutness" or the relationship between mental acts and the external world. Originally intentionality was a concept from scholastic philosophy. The concept of intentionality was later reintroduced in 19th century contemporary philo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intentionality
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wikidoc
Interleukin 28
Interleukin 28 Interleukin-28 (IL-28) is a cytokine that comes in two isoforms, IL-28A and IL-28B, and plays a role in immune defense against viruses, including the induction of an "antiviral state" by turning on Mx proteins, 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase as well as ISGF3G (Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3). IL-28...
Interleukin 28 Interleukin-28 (IL-28) is a cytokine that comes in two isoforms, IL-28A and IL-28B, and plays a role in immune defense against viruses, including the induction of an "antiviral state" by turning on Mx proteins, 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase as well as ISGF3G (Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3).[1] I...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin-28
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wikidoc
Interleukin 17
Interleukin 17 Interleukin 17A (IL-17 or IL-17A) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine. This cytokine is produced by a group of T helper cell known as T helper 17 cell in response to their stimulation with IL-23. Originally, Th17 was identified in 1993 by Rouvier et al. who isolated IL17 transcript from a rodent T-cell hybrid...
Interleukin 17 Interleukin 17A (IL-17 or IL-17A) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine. This cytokine is produced by a group of T helper cell known as T helper 17 cell in response to their stimulation with IL-23. Originally, Th17 was identified in 1993 by Rouvier et al. who isolated IL17 transcript from a rodent T-cell hybri...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_17
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wikidoc
Interleukin 18
Interleukin 18 Interleukin-18 (IL18, also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine. # Function IL-18 is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 superfamily and is produced by macrophages and other cel...
Interleukin 18 Interleukin-18 (IL18, also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene.[1][2] The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine. # Function IL-18 is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 superfamily and is produced by macrophages and ot...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_18
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wikidoc
Interleukin 19
Interleukin 19 Interleukin 19 (IL19) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL19 gene. # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-10 cytokine subfamily. This cytokine is found to be preferentially expressed in monocytes. It can bind the interleukin-20 receptor complex and l...
Interleukin 19 Interleukin 19 (IL19) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL19 gene.[1] # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-10 cytokine subfamily. This cytokine is found to be preferentially expressed in monocytes. It can bind the interleukin-20 receptor complex a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_19
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wikidoc
Interleukin 20
Interleukin 20 Interleukin 20 (IL20) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL20 gene. Interkeukin 20 also includes other cytokines, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26. Based on common structural and functional properties of IL-20's receptors and target cells, these cytokines constitute the same sub...
Interleukin 20 Interleukin 20 (IL20) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL20 gene.[1] Interkeukin 20 also includes other cytokines, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26. Based on common structural and functional properties of IL-20's receptors and target cells, these cytokines constitute the same...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_20
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wikidoc
Interleukin 22
Interleukin 22 Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is protein that in humans is encoded by the IL22 gene. # Structure IL-22 is an α-helical cytokine. IL-22 binds to a heterodimeric cell surface receptor composed of IL-10R2 and IL-22R1 subunits. IL-22R is expressed on tissue cells, and it is absent on immune cells. Crystallization ...
Interleukin 22 Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is protein that in humans is encoded by the IL22 gene.[1][2] # Structure IL-22 is an α-helical cytokine. IL-22 binds to a heterodimeric cell surface receptor composed of IL-10R2 and IL-22R1 subunits.[3] IL-22R is expressed on tissue cells, and it is absent on immune cells.[4] Cry...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_22
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wikidoc
Interleukin 23
Interleukin 23 Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of an IL12B (IL-12p40) subunit (that is shared with IL12) and the IL23A (IL-23p19) subunit. A functional receptor for IL-23 (the IL-23 receptor) has been identified and is composed of IL-12R β1 and IL-23R. # Discovery IL-23 was first described ...
Interleukin 23 Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of an IL12B (IL-12p40) subunit (that is shared with IL12) and the IL23A (IL-23p19) subunit.[1] A functional receptor for IL-23 (the IL-23 receptor) has been identified and is composed of IL-12R β1 and IL-23R.[2] # Discovery IL-23 was first des...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_23
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wikidoc
Interleukin 25
Interleukin 25 Interleukin-25 (IL-25) – also known as interleukin-17E (IL-17E) – is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL25 gene. # Function IL-25 is a cytokine that shares the sequence similarity with IL-17. This cytokine can induce NF-κB activation, and stimulate the production of IL-8. Both this cytokine an...
Interleukin 25 Interleukin-25 (IL-25) – also known as interleukin-17E (IL-17E)[1] – is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL25 gene.[2][3][4] # Function IL-25 is a cytokine that shares the sequence similarity with IL-17. This cytokine can induce NF-κB activation, and stimulate the production of IL-8. Both thi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_25
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wikidoc
Interleukin 26
Interleukin 26 Interleukin-26 (IL-26) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL26 gene. IL-26 is a 171-amino acid protein, which is similar in amino acid sequence to interleukin 10. It was originally called AK155 and is composed of a signal sequence, 6 helices, and 4 conserved cysteine residues. IL-26 is expres...
Interleukin 26 Interleukin-26 (IL-26) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL26 gene.[1][2][3] IL-26 is a 171-amino acid protein, which is similar in amino acid sequence to interleukin 10. It was originally called AK155 and is composed of a signal sequence, 6 helices, and 4 conserved cysteine residues. IL-26...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_26
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wikidoc
Interleukin 31
Interleukin 31 Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL31 gene that resides on chromosome 12. IL-31 is an inflammatory cytokine that helps trigger cell-mediated immunity against pathogens. It has also been identified as a major player in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, includin...
Interleukin 31 Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL31 gene that resides on chromosome 12.[1][2][3] IL-31 is an inflammatory cytokine that helps trigger cell-mediated immunity against pathogens. It has also been identified as a major player in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_31
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wikidoc
Interleukin 32
Interleukin 32 Interleukin 32 (Il32) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL32 gene. # Function This gene encodes a member of the cytokine family. The protein contains a tyrosine sulfation site, 3 potential N-myristoylation sites, multiple putative phosphorylation sites, and an RGD cell-attachment sequence. E...
Interleukin 32 Interleukin 32 (Il32) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL32 gene.[1] # Function This gene encodes a member of the cytokine family. The protein contains a tyrosine sulfation site, 3 potential N-myristoylation sites, multiple putative phosphorylation sites, and an RGD cell-attachment sequenc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_32
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wikidoc
Interleukin 33
Interleukin 33 Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL33 gene. Interleukin 33 is a member of the IL-1 family that potently drives production of T helper-2 (Th2)-associated cytokines (e.g., IL-4). IL33 is a ligand for ST2 (IL1RL1), an IL-1 family receptor that is highly expressed on Th2 c...
Interleukin 33 Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL33 gene.[1] Interleukin 33 is a member of the IL-1 family that potently drives production of T helper-2 (Th2)-associated cytokines (e.g., IL-4). IL33 is a ligand for ST2 (IL1RL1), an IL-1 family receptor that is highly expressed on T...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin_33
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wikidoc
Step down unit
Step down unit # Overview Many hospitals contain both a CCU for critically ill patients and units called either an "intermediate care unit", "progressive care unit", "telemetry floor" or "step down unit" for patients who are not as crtically ill. These units provide a level of care that is intermediate to that of the ...
Step down unit Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Many hospitals contain both a CCU for critically ill patients and units called either an "intermediate care unit", "progressive care unit", "telemetry floor" or "step down unit" for patients who are not as crtically ill. These units provide ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intermediate_care_unit
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wikidoc
Intermetallics
Intermetallics Intermetallics or intermetallic compounds is a term that is used in a number of different ways. Most commonly it refers to solid state phases involving metals. There is a "research definition" adhered to generally in scientific publications, and a wider "common use" term. There is also a completely diffe...
Intermetallics Intermetallics or intermetallic compounds is a term that is used in a number of different ways. Most commonly it refers to solid state phases involving metals. There is a "research definition" adhered to generally in scientific publications, and a wider "common use" term. There is also a completely diff...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intermetallic
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wikidoc
Intramolecular
Intramolecular Intramolecular in chemistry describes a process or characteristic limited within the structure of a single molecule; a property or phenomenon limited to the extent of a single molecule. # Examples - intramolecular hydride transfer (transfer of a hydride ion from one part to another within the same molec...
Intramolecular Intramolecular in chemistry describes a process or characteristic limited within the structure of a single molecule; a property or phenomenon limited to the extent of a single molecule. # Examples - intramolecular hydride transfer (transfer of a hydride ion from one part to another within the same mole...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intramolecular
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wikidoc
Ionic strength
Ionic strength The ionic strength, I, of a solution is a function of the concentration of all ions present in a solution. I_c = \begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\sum_{{\rm B}=1}^{n} c_{\rm B}z_{\rm B}^{2} where cB is the molar concentration of ion B (mol dm-3), zB is the charge number of that ion, and the sum is...
Ionic strength The ionic strength, I, of a solution is a function of the concentration of all ions present in a solution. <math> I_c = \begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\sum_{{\rm B}=1}^{n} c_{\rm B}z_{\rm B}^{2} </math> where cB is the molar concentration of ion B (mol dm-3), zB is the charge number of that ion, ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ionic_strength
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wikidoc
Ipodate sodium
Ipodate sodium # Overview Ipodate sodium (sodium iopodate) is an iodine-containing radiopaque contrast media used for X-rays. The drug is given orally and the resulting contrast allows for easy resolution of the bile duct and gall bladder. The drug goes by the trade name Oragrafin or Gastrografin. # Other uses Altho...
Ipodate sodium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Ipodate sodium (sodium iopodate) is an iodine-containing radiopaque contrast media used for X-rays. The drug is given orally and the resulting contrast allows for easy resolution of the bile duct and gall bladder. The drug goes by the trade...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ipodate_sodium
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Iris (anatomy)
Iris (anatomy) # Overview In anatomy, the iris (plural irises or irides) is the most visible part of the eye of vertebrates, including humans. The following describes the iris of vertebrates, not the independently evolved iris found in some cephalopods. The word comes from Greek mythology, in which Iris is the anthro...
Iris (anatomy) Template:Infobox Anatomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In anatomy, the iris (plural irises or irides) is the most visible part of the eye of vertebrates, including humans. The following describes the iris of vertebrates, not the independently evolved iris found in some c...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Iris
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Iron(II) oxide
Iron(II) oxide Iron(II) oxide, also known as ferrous oxide or ferrous iron, is one of the iron oxides. It is a black-colored powder with the chemical formula FeO. It consists of the chemical element iron in the oxidation state of 2 bonded to oxygen. Its mineral form is known as wüstite. The latter term is often used s...
Iron(II) oxide Template:Chembox new Iron(II) oxide, also known as ferrous oxide or ferrous iron, is one of the iron oxides. It is a black-colored powder with the chemical formula FeO. It consists of the chemical element iron in the oxidation state of 2 bonded to oxygen. Its mineral form is known as wüstite. The latte...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Iron(II)_oxide
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Irregular bone
Irregular bone # Overview The irregular bones are such as, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. Irregular bones serve some unique purpose in the body of combining: (1) protection of nervous tissue (such as the vertebrae protect the spinal cord), (2) affordin...
Irregular bone Template:Infobox Anatomy # Overview The irregular bones are such as, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. Irregular bones serve some unique purpose in the body of combining: (1) protection of nervous tissue (such as the vertebrae protect the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Irregular_bone
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Isocyanic acid
Isocyanic acid Isocyanic acid is an inorganic compound with the formula HNCO, discovered in 1830 by Liebig and Wöhler. This colourless substance is volatile and poisonous, with a boiling point of 23.5 °C. Isocyanic acid is the simplest stable chemical compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, the...
Isocyanic acid Template:Chembox new Isocyanic acid is an inorganic compound with the formula HNCO, discovered in 1830 by Liebig and Wöhler.[1] This colourless substance is volatile and poisonous, with a boiling point of 23.5 °C. Isocyanic acid is the simplest stable chemical compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isocyanic_acid
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wikidoc
Isosulfan blue
Isosulfan blue # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDo...
Isosulfan blue Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Turky Alkathery, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isosulfan_blue
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Isothiocyanate
Isothiocyanate Isothiocyanate is the chemical group -N=C=S, formed by substituting sulfur for oxygen in the isocyanate group. Allyl isothiocyanate is a chemical compound found in mustard oil that is responsible for its pungency. It is used for amino acid sequencing in Edman degradation. # Reactions Isothiocyanates ge...
Isothiocyanate Isothiocyanate is the chemical group -N=C=S, formed by substituting sulfur for oxygen in the isocyanate group. Allyl isothiocyanate is a chemical compound found in mustard oil that is responsible for its pungency. It is used for amino acid sequencing in Edman degradation. # Reactions Isothiocyanates g...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isothiocyanate
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Tympanic nerve
Tympanic nerve The tympanic nerve (nerve of Jacobson) is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve found near the ear. # Path It arises from the petrous ganglion, and ascends to the tympanic cavity through a small canal on the under surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone on the ridge which separates the caro...
Tympanic nerve Template:Infobox Nerve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The tympanic nerve (nerve of Jacobson) is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve found near the ear. # Path It arises from the petrous ganglion, and ascends to the tympanic cavity through a small canal on the under surface of the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jacobson%27s_nerve
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Jacqui Jackson
Jacqui Jackson Jacqui Jackson is the single parent of seven children, three adolescent girls and four boys. All four boys are on the autism spectrum. Jackson and her family appeared in a BBC documentary, My Family and Autism, screened in 2003. A drama called Magnificent 7 featuring Helena Bonham Carter as Maggi–a cha...
Jacqui Jackson Jacqui Jackson is the single parent of seven children, three adolescent girls and four boys. All four boys are on the autism spectrum. Jackson and her family appeared in a BBC documentary, My Family and Autism, screened in 2003. A drama called Magnificent 7 featuring Helena Bonham Carter as Maggi–a ch...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jacqui_Jackson
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Jane E. Henney
Jane E. Henney Jane E. Henney is an American physician who was the first woman to serve as commissioner of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Appointed by President Bill Clinton, she served at the FDA between 1998 and 2001. Previously she had worked at the FDA from 1992 to 1994 as deputy commissioner for operatio...
Jane E. Henney Jane E. Henney is an American physician who was the first woman to serve as commissioner of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Appointed by President Bill Clinton, she served at the FDA between 1998 and 2001. Previously she had worked at the FDA from 1992 to 1994 as deputy commissioner for operati...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jane_E._Henney
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wikidoc
Janus kinase 2
Janus kinase 2 Janus kinase 2 (commonly called JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. It is a member of the Janus kinase family and has been implicated in signaling by members of the type II cytokine receptor family (e.g. interferon receptors), the GM-CSF receptor family (IL-3R, IL-5R and GM-CSF-R), the gp130 recepto...
Janus kinase 2 Janus kinase 2 (commonly called JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. It is a member of the Janus kinase family and has been implicated in signaling by members of the type II cytokine receptor family (e.g. interferon receptors), the GM-CSF receptor family (IL-3R, IL-5R and GM-CSF-R), the gp130 recept...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Janus_kinase_2
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wikidoc
Janus kinase 3
Janus kinase 3 Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the JAK3 gene. # Janus kinases Janus kinase 3 is a tyrosine kinase that belongs to the janus family of kinases. Other members of the Janus family include JAK1, JAK2 and TYK2. Janus kinases (JAKs) are relatively large kinases of appr...
Janus kinase 3 Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the JAK3 gene.[1][2] # Janus kinases Janus kinase 3 is a tyrosine kinase that belongs to the janus family of kinases. Other members of the Janus family include JAK1, JAK2 and TYK2. Janus kinases (JAKs) are relatively large kinases ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Janus_kinase_3
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wikidoc
Jean Lhermitte
Jean Lhermitte # Overview For the Navy officer, see Jean-Marthe-Adrien l'Hermite Jacques Jean Lhermitte (/lɛrˈmiːt/) (January 20, 1877 – 1959) was a French neurologist and neuropsychiatrist. He was born in Mont-Saint-Père, Aisne, son of Léon Augustin Lhermitte, a French realist painter. Following his early education a...
Jean Lhermitte Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview For the Navy officer, see Jean-Marthe-Adrien l'Hermite Jacques Jean Lhermitte (/lɛrˈmiːt/) (January 20, 1877 – 1959) was a French neurologist and neuropsychiatrist. He was born in Mont-Saint-Père, Aisne, son of Léon Augustin Lhermitte, a Fre...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jean_Lhermitte
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wikidoc
Joan A. Steitz
Joan A. Steitz Joan Argetsinger Steitz is a molecular biologist at Yale University, famed for her discoveries involving RNA, including ground-breaking insights such as that ribosomes interact with mRNA by complementary base pairing and that introns are spliced by snRNPs, small nuclear ribonucleoproteins which occur in ...
Joan A. Steitz Joan Argetsinger Steitz is a molecular biologist at Yale University, famed for her discoveries involving RNA, including ground-breaking insights such as that ribosomes interact with mRNA by complementary base pairing and that introns are spliced by snRNPs, small nuclear ribonucleoproteins which occur in...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Joan_A._Steitz
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wikidoc
Job's syndrome
Job's syndrome # What is Job syndrome? Job syndrome is a condition that affects several body systems, particularly the immune system. Recurrent infections are common in people with this condition. Affected individuals tend to have frequent bouts of pneumonia, which are caused by certain kinds of bacteria that infect t...
Job's syndrome # What is Job syndrome? Job syndrome is a condition that affects several body systems, particularly the immune system. Recurrent infections are common in people with this condition. Affected individuals tend to have frequent bouts of pneumonia, which are caused by certain kinds of bacteria that infect t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Job%27s_Syndrome
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wikidoc
John McGinness
John McGinness John Edward McGinness, PhD, MD, Pioneer in Organic electronics and Nanotechnology. B.S. Physics - University of Houston, 1966, PhD, Physics, Rice University, 1970, MD, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 1985. Author of roughly 40 research publications, book chapters, and presentations. John M...
John McGinness John Edward McGinness, PhD, MD, Pioneer in Organic electronics and Nanotechnology. B.S. Physics - University of Houston, 1966, PhD, Physics, Rice University, 1970, MD, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 1985. Author of roughly 40 research publications, book chapters, and presentations. John ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/John_McGinness
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wikidoc
Jones criteria
Jones criteria # Overview The Jones criteria can be used to establish the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. They were first published in 1944 by T. Duckett Jones, MD and have been periodically revised by the American Heart Association in collaboration with other groups. # Jones Criteria for the Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fev...
Jones criteria Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anthony Gallo, B.S. [2] # Overview The Jones criteria can be used to establish the diagnosis of rheumatic fever. They were first published in 1944 by T. Duckett Jones, MD and have been periodically revised by the American...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jones_criteria
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wikidoc
Joule per mole
Joule per mole # Overview The joule per mole (symbol: J·mol-1) is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material. Energy is measured in joules, and the amount of material is measured in moles. Physical quantities measured in J·mol-1 include: - Heat of vaporization - Heat of fusion - Ionization energy - Heat Capac...
Joule per mole # Overview The joule per mole (symbol: J·mol-1) is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material. Energy is measured in joules, and the amount of material is measured in moles. Physical quantities measured in J·mol-1 include: - Heat of vaporization - Heat of fusion - Ionization energy - Heat Capac...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Joule_per_mole
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wikidoc
Juan Giambruno
Juan Giambruno Dr. Juan Giambruno (born February 23, 1950 in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan cardiac surgeon at Universidad de la República, Montevideo. His major work is a fully implantable artificial heart called CATO (Corazón Artificial Total Ortotópico - Spanish for Orthotopic Total Artificial Heart), which looks and ac...
Juan Giambruno Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Dr. Juan Giambruno (born February 23, 1950 in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan cardiac surgeon at Universidad de la República, Montevideo. His major work is a fully implantable artificial heart called CATO (Corazón Artificial Total Ortotópico - Spanish for Or...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Juan_Giambruno
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wikidoc
Juno (protein)
Juno (protein) Juno also known as folate receptor 4, folate receptor delta or IZUMO1R is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOLR4 gene. Juno is a member of the folate receptor family and is GPI-anchored to the plasmalemma of the mammalian egg cell that recognizes its sperm-riding counterpart, IZUMO1, and facili...
Juno (protein) Juno also known as folate receptor 4, folate receptor delta or IZUMO1R is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOLR4 gene.[1] Juno is a member of the folate receptor family[2] and is GPI-anchored to the plasmalemma of the mammalian egg cell that recognizes its sperm-riding counterpart, IZUMO1, and...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Juno_(protein)
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wikidoc
Nigella sativa
Nigella sativa Nigella sativa is an annual flowering plant, native to southwest Asia. It grows to 20-30 cm tall, with finely divided, linear (but not thread-like) leaves. The flowers are delicate, and usually coloured pale blue and white, with 5-10 petals. The fruit is a large and inflated capsule composed of 3-7 unite...
Nigella sativa Nigella sativa is an annual flowering plant, native to southwest Asia. It grows to 20-30 cm tall, with finely divided, linear (but not thread-like) leaves. The flowers are delicate, and usually coloured pale blue and white, with 5-10 petals. The fruit is a large and inflated capsule composed of 3-7 unit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kalonji
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wikidoc
Karen McCarron
Karen McCarron Karen McCarron is an Illinois physician who has admitted to smothering her autistic daughter Katherine 'Katie' McCarron to death. A grand jury indicted her on two counts of first-degree murder, two counts of obstructing justice and one count of concealment of a homicidal death. The trial is scheduled fo...
Karen McCarron Template:Autism rights movement Karen McCarron is an Illinois physician who has admitted to smothering her autistic daughter Katherine 'Katie' McCarron to death.[1] A grand jury indicted her on two counts of first-degree murder, two counts of obstructing justice and one count of concealment of a homicid...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Karen_McCarron
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wikidoc
Karyn Marshall
Karyn Marshall Karyn Marshall (born 1956 in Miami, Florida) is an Olympic weightlifter of Norwegian descent for the United States. She was world champion in 1987. She set 60 American and world records in women's weightlifting and is the first woman in history to clean and jerk over 300 lbs. She became a doctor of Chiro...
Karyn Marshall Template:MedalTableTop Template:MedalSport Template:MedalCompetition Template:MedalGold[1] Template:MedalSilver Template:MedalSilver Template:MedalSilver Template:MedalCompetition Template:MedalGold[1] Template:MedalGold[2] Template:MedalGold[3] Template:MedalBottom Karyn Marshall (born 1956 in Miami, F...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Karyn_Marshall
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wikidoc
Kato technique
Kato technique The Kakuru technique (also called the Kakuru-Katz technique) is a laboratory method for preparing human stool samples prior to searching for parasite eggs. # Indications The Kato technique is now most commonly used for detecting schistosome eggs. It has in the past been used for helminth eggs as well. ...
Kato technique The Kakuru technique (also called the Kakuru-Katz technique) is a laboratory method for preparing human stool samples prior to searching for parasite eggs. # Indications The Kato technique is now most commonly used for detecting schistosome eggs.[1] It has in the past been used for helminth eggs as we...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kato-Katz_technique
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wikidoc
Kegel exercise
Kegel exercise # Overview A Kegel exercise, named after Dr. Arnold Kegel, is an exercise designed to strengthen the pubococcygeus muscles. The exercises consist of the regular clenching and unclenching of the sex muscles which form part of the pelvic floor (sometimes called the "Kegel muscles"). # Explanation The ai...
Kegel exercise Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview A Kegel exercise, named after Dr. Arnold Kegel, is an exercise designed to strengthen the pubococcygeus muscles. The exercises consist of the regular clenching and unclenching of the sex muscles which form part of the pelvic floor (sometime...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kegel_exercise
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wikidoc
Lobo's disease
Lobo's disease # Overview Lobo's disease, also known as lobomycosis or lacaziosis, is a blastomycosis, a fungal infection of the skin caused by Lacazia loboi (formerly named Loboa loboi), and discovered by Brazilian dermatologist Jorge Lobo. Other names which were given to the disease are: keloidal blastomycosis, Amaz...
Lobo's disease # Overview Lobo's disease, also known as lobomycosis or lacaziosis, is a blastomycosis, a fungal infection of the skin caused by Lacazia loboi (formerly named Loboa loboi)[1], and discovered by Brazilian dermatologist Jorge Lobo. Other names which were given to the disease are: keloidal blastomycosis, A...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Keloidal_blastomycosis