question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What type of field does earth have? | [
"seismic",
"force field",
"atmospheric",
"magnetic"
] | D | Earth has a magnetic field ( Figure below ). The magnetic field has north and south poles. The field extends several thousand kilometers into space. Earth’s magnetic field is created by the movements of molten metal in the outer core. | train | sciq | null |
Single bonds allow the atoms they join to rotate freely about the what? | [
"atomic orbit",
"electron shell",
"bond axis",
"nucleus"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
Preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past are known as what? | [
"fossils",
"archives",
"skulls",
"deposits"
] | A | Fossils are preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past. Most preserved remains are hard parts, such as teeth, bones, or shells. Examples of these kinds of fossils are pictured in Figure below . Preserved traces can include footprints, burrows, or even wastes. Examples of trace fossils are also show... | train | sciq | null |
Co 2 , h 2 o, methane, o 3 , nitrous oxides (no and no 2 ), and chlorofluorocarbons (cfcs) are known as what type of gases? | [
"greenhouse gases",
"carbonate gases",
"hydrogen gases",
"chemical gases"
] | A | Greenhouse gases include CO 2 , H 2 O, methane, O 3 , nitrous oxides (NO and NO 2 ), and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). All are a normal part of the atmosphere except CFCs. The table below shows how each greenhouse gas naturally enters the atmosphere ( Table below ). | train | sciq | null |
A black solid by itself, this element is incredibly important because of what it makes when it combines with many other elements, including oxygen? | [
"lead",
"dioxide",
"carbon",
"hydrogen"
] | C | Carbon is an element. By itself, it’s a black solid. You can see a lump of carbon in Figure below . Carbon is incredibly important because of what it makes when it combines with many other elements. Carbon can form a wide variety of substances. For example, in the air, carbon combines with oxygen to form the gas carbon... | train | sciq | null |
Radar maps of venus show that it has mountains, canyons and volcanoes surrounded by plains of what? | [
"lava",
"water",
"helium",
"grasses"
] | A | Radar maps of Venus show that it has mountains, canyons and volcanoes surrounded by plains of lava. | train | sciq | null |
Bones are part of which body system? | [
"skeletal system",
"hard system",
"circulation system",
"muscular system"
] | A | The brain and spinal cord are protected within bones of the skeletal system, but injuries to these organs still occur. With mild injuries, there may be no lasting effects. With severe injuries, there may be permanent disability or even death. | train | sciq | null |
Name the 2 types of carbohydrates? | [
"simple and thermal",
"simple and nuclear",
"simple and complex",
"simple and structural"
] | C | Carbohydrates are nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber. There are two types of carbohydrates: simple and complex. Pictured below are some foods that are good sources of carbohydrates ( Figure below ). | train | sciq | null |
The lungs are a series of ever-narrowing tubes that end in a myriad of tiny sacs called what? | [
"brachii",
"alveoli",
"glands",
"testes"
] | B | Breathing certainly is a major contribution to your health! Without breathing, we could not survive. Curiously, the act of breathing itself is little more than an application of Boyle’s law. The lungs are a series of ever-narrowing tubes that end in a myriad of tiny sacs called alveoli. It is in the alveoli that oxygen... | train | sciq | null |
Fish and other aquatic organisms use gills to capture dissolved what? | [
"sulfur",
"food",
"nitrogen",
"oxygen"
] | D | Gases are also capable of dissolving in liquids. There are many examples of this in our everyday lives. For example, carbonated beverages contain dissolved carbon dioxide. We notice this when bubbles come out of solution when the beverage is opened. Another example is when oxygen from the air we breathe dissolves in ou... | train | sciq | null |
What phase of a human life does not have a definite starting point? | [
"adolescence",
"death",
"adulthood",
"childhood"
] | C | Adulthood does not have a definite starting point. A person may be physically mature by age 16 or 17 but not defined as an adult by law until older ages. In the U. S. , you can’t join the armed forces or vote until age 18. You can’t buy or use alcohol or take on many legal and financial responsibilities until age 21. | train | sciq | null |
Where do all plants come from? | [
"distant ancestors",
"terrestrial ancestors",
"cetacean ancestors",
"phylogenetic ancestors"
] | B | All plants are adapted to live on land. Or are they? All living plants today have terrestrial ancestors, but some plants now live in the water. They have had to evolve new adaptations for their watery habitat. | train | sciq | null |
The esophagus runs a mainly straight route through the mediastinum of what? | [
"thorax",
"lungs",
"liver",
"stomach"
] | A | Figure 23.13, the esophagus runs a mainly straight route through the mediastinum of the thorax. To enter the abdomen, the esophagus penetrates the diaphragm through an opening called the esophageal hiatus. | train | sciq | null |
What chambers are responsible for pumping blood out of the heart? | [
"vacuoles",
"valves",
"ventricles",
"cells"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
What's the term for the period during which women's ovaries stop producing eggs? | [
"maturity",
"menopause",
"puberty",
"adolescence"
] | B | For most women, menstrual cycles continue until their mid- or late- forties. Then women go through menopause , a period during which their menstrual cycles slow down and eventually stop, generally by their early fifties. After menopause, women can no longer reproduce naturally because their ovaries no longer produce eg... | train | sciq | null |
What is the set of steps that scientists use to learn about the world? | [
"philosophic method",
"Socratic method",
"scientific method",
"rhythm method"
] | C | Sometime in your life you've asked a question about the world around you. Probably you've asked a lot of questions over the years. The best way to answer questions about the natural world is by using science. Scientists ask questions every day, and then use a set of steps to answer those questions. The steps are known ... | train | sciq | null |
Which are the closest living relations to land plants? | [
"mammals",
"arthropods",
"charophytes",
"sporozoans"
] | C | outcompete the green tint of chlorophyll, making these species appear as varying shades of red. Other protists classified as red algae lack phycoerythrins and are parasites. Red algae are common in tropical waters where they have been detected at depths of 260 meters. Other red algae exist in terrestrial or freshwater ... | train | sciq | null |
In vertebrates, what structure runs from the brain to the tail end of the backbone? | [
"backbone",
"spinal cord",
"ribcage",
"aortic valve"
] | B | Vertebrates have a centralized nervous system. As shown in Figure below , the nervous system consists of a brain in the head region. It also includes a long spinal cord that runs from the brain to the tail end of the backbone. Long nerve fibers extend from the spinal cord to muscles and organs throughout the body. | train | sciq | null |
What is it called when the chance that a certain event will occur? | [
"difficulty",
"probability",
"procession",
"mutation"
] | B | Probability is the chance that a certain event will occur. For example, the probability of a head turning up on any given coin toss is 50 percent. | train | sciq | null |
What is the hardest of all minerals? | [
"platinum",
"diamonds",
"gold",
"titanium"
] | B | Diamonds like the one pictured in the Figure below are the hardest of all minerals. Is a diamond a crystalline or an amorphous solid? How do you know?. | train | sciq | null |
When bread bakes, yeast releases which gas? | [
"oxygen",
"carbon monoxide",
"hydrogen",
"carbon dioxide"
] | D | When bread bakes, yeast releases carbon dioxide gas, forming the small holes in bread. The gas was produced by alcoholic fermentation carried out by yeast. | train | sciq | null |
What nervous tissue cells play a supporting role to neurons? | [
"axial cells",
"mammalian cells",
"reissner cells",
"glial cells"
] | D | Glial Cells Glial cells, or neuroglia or simply glia, are the other type of cell found in nervous tissue. They are considered to be supporting cells, and many functions are directed at helping neurons complete their function for communication. The name glia comes from the Greek word that means “glue,” and was coined by... | train | sciq | null |
Use of oil-consuming bacteria to clean up an oil spill is an example of what? | [
"biodegradation",
"coagulation",
"generation",
"bioremediation"
] | D | Using Prokaryotes to Clean up Our Planet: Bioremediation Microbial bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes (or microbial metabolism) to remove pollutants. Bioremediation has been used to remove agricultural chemicals (pesticides and fertilizers) that leach from soil into groundwater. Certain toxic metals, such as sele... | train | sciq | null |
What is the process called in which living things produce offspring? | [
"diversification",
"variation",
"photosynthesis",
"reproduction"
] | D | All living things are capable of reproduction. Reproduction is the process by which living things give rise to offspring. Reproducing may be as simple as a single cell dividing to form two daughter cells. Generally, however, it is much more complicated. Nonetheless, whether a living thing is a huge whale or a microscop... | train | sciq | null |
What are the building blocks of peptides? | [
"amino acids",
"rocks",
"alkali",
"magnets"
] | A | A peptide is composed of two or more amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of peptides. | train | sciq | null |
The pull of the moon’s gravity on earth is the main cause of what water phenomenon? | [
"tides",
"floods",
"storms",
"waves"
] | A | The figure below shows why tides occur ( Figure below ). The main cause of tides is the pull of the Moon’s gravity on Earth. The pull is greatest on whatever is closest to the Moon. Although the gravity pulls the land, only the water can move. As a result:. | train | sciq | null |
What happens to evolution when equilibrium is reached within the genes of the population? | [
"it accelerates",
"it starts over",
"it goes backwards",
"it stops occurring"
] | D | If balance, or equilibrium, is to be maintained, there must be no outside influences on the stones. Equilibrium can also be maintained within a population's genes; that means, no evolution can occur. But outside influences usually prevent equilibrium from staying established. | train | sciq | null |
Prostaglandins worsen what by increasing nociceptor sensitivity to noxious stimuli? | [
"pain",
"inflammation",
"reaction speed",
"recovery time"
] | A | train | sciq | null | |
The outer surface of the heart changes from positive to negative during what? | [
"permeability",
"depolarization",
"inflammation",
"reproduction"
] | B | Figure 20.33 The outer surface of the heart changes from positive to negative during depolarization. This wave of depolarization is spreading from the top of the heart and is represented by a vector pointing in the direction of the wave. This vector is a voltage (potential difference) vector. Three electrodes, labeled ... | train | sciq | null |
What are the closest relatives to modern angiosperms? | [
"sporozoans",
"mitochondria",
"staurikosaurus",
"gnetophytes"
] | D | Gnetophytes Gnetophytes are the closest relatives to modern angiosperms, and include three dissimilar genera of plants. Like angiosperms, they have broad leaves. Gnetum species are mostly vines in tropical and subtropical zones. The single species of Welwitschia is an unusual, low-growing plant found in the deserts of ... | train | sciq | null |
Heating a gas gives its particles more of what type of energy? | [
"electrostatic energy",
"nuclear energy",
"residual energy",
"kinetic energy"
] | D | In this lesson, you read that heating a gas gives its particles more kinetic energy. As a result, its volume or pressure also increases. The opposite happens when a gas is cooled. | train | sciq | null |
What is the term for long carbohydrate molecules of repeated monomer units joined together by glycosidic bonds? | [
"polysaccharides",
"template strands",
"fibres",
"hydrocarbons"
] | A | Polysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules of repeated monomer units joined together by glycosidic bonds. A polysaccharide may contain anywhere from a few monosaccharides to several thousand monosaccharides. Polysaccharides are also called complex carbohydrates . Polysaccharides have a general formula of C x (H2O)... | train | sciq | null |
What is the only known planet with large amounts of water? | [
"mars",
"saturn",
"jupiter",
"earth"
] | D | Earth is the third planet from the Sun. It is the only planet with large amounts of liquid water, and the only planet known to support life. Earth is the only inner planet that has a large round moon. | train | sciq | null |
What is the disease in which bones lose mass and become more fragile and likely to break? | [
"tuberculosis",
"osteoporosis",
"fibrosis",
"arthritis"
] | B | Osteoporosis is a disease in which bones lose mass and become more fragile than they should be. Osteoporosis also makes bones more likely to break. Two of the easiest ways to prevent osteoporosis are eating a healthy diet that has the right amount of calcium and vitamin D and to do some sort of weight-bearing exercise ... | train | sciq | null |
What speeds up the reactions of chemical digestion? | [
"protein catalysts",
"electrical enzymes",
"stomach acids",
"digestive enzymes"
] | D | Chemical digestion could not take place without the help of digestive enzymes and other substances secreted into the GI tract. An enzyme is a protein that speeds up a biochemical reaction. Digestive enzymes speed up the reactions of chemical digestion. Table below lists a few digestive enzymes, the organs that produce ... | train | sciq | null |
In how many states does water exist on earth? | [
"one matter states",
"three matter states",
"eight matter states",
"two matter states"
] | B | If water is so simple, why is it special? Water is one of the few substances that exists on Earth in all three states of matter. Water occurs as a gas, a liquid and a solid. You drink liquid water and use it to shower. You breathe gaseous water vapor in the air. You may go ice skating on a pond covered with solid water... | train | sciq | null |
Find the overall magnification of what instrument by finding the magnification of the objective, then the magnification of the eyepiece? | [
"Fixing microscope",
"belt microscope",
"part microscope",
"compound microscope"
] | D | Example 26.5 Microscope Magnification Calculate the magnification of an object placed 6.20 mm from a compound microscope that has a 6.00 mm focal length objective and a 50.0 mm focal length eyepiece. The objective and eyepiece are separated by 23.0 cm. Strategy and Concept This situation is similar to that shown in Fig... | train | sciq | null |
Insects have a highly specialized type of respiratory system called what? | [
"tracheal system",
"grunion system",
"nasal system",
"gland system"
] | A | Tracheal Systems Insect respiration is independent of its circulatory system; therefore, the blood does not play a direct role in oxygen transport. Insects have a highly specialized type of respiratory system called the tracheal system, which consists of a network of small tubes that carries oxygen to the entire body. ... | train | sciq | null |
What are the two main minerals found in ocean water? | [
"sodium, chloride",
"carbon , chloride",
"dioxide , chloride",
"quartz, carbon"
] | A | Have you ever gone swimming in the ocean? If you have, then you probably tasted the salts in the water. By mass, salts make up about 3.5% of ocean water. The table below shows the most common minerals in ocean water ( Table below ). The main components are sodium and chloride. Together they form the salt known as sodiu... | train | sciq | null |
Which form of digestion is a purely physical process that does not change the chemical nature of the food? | [
"slow",
"simple",
"mechanical",
"electromagnetic"
] | C | Digestion includes both mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical digestion is a purely physical process that does not change the chemical nature of the food. Instead, it makes the food smaller to increase both surface area and mobility. It includes mastication, or chewing, as well as tongue movements that help bre... | train | sciq | null |
What was the early study of chemistry called? | [
"horticulture",
"pharmacology",
"magic systems",
"alchemy"
] | D | However, despite this secrecy several contributions were made to modern-day chemistry. Early acids and bases were discovered, and glassware for running chemical reactions was developed. Alchemy helped improve the study of metallurgy and the extraction of metals from ores. More systematic approaches to research were bei... | train | sciq | null |
What are used to balance chemical equations? | [
"fractions",
"densities",
"velocities",
"coefficients"
] | D | Coefficients are used to balance chemical equations. A coefficient is a number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula. It shows how many atoms or molecules of the substance are involved in the reaction. For example, two molecules of hydrogen would be written as 2H 2 . A coefficient of 1 usually isn’t written. | train | sciq | null |
What kind of core does mercury have? | [
"dense metal",
"gas",
"liquid metal",
"solid metal"
] | C | Mercury is extremely hot and has a liquid metal core. | train | sciq | null |
Physical features on the earth's surface are known as ______ | [
"landforms",
"atmospheres",
"diversity",
"biospheres"
] | A | As we view the land around us we see landforms. Landforms are physical features on Earth’s surface. Landforms are introduced in this section but will be discussed more in later chapters. Constructive forces cause landforms to grow. Lava flowing into the ocean can build land outward. A volcano can be a constructive forc... | train | sciq | null |
"direct" and "alternating" are two kinds of what, which is associated with electricity? | [
"constant",
"time",
"current",
"levels"
] | C | 20.5 Alternating Current versus Direct Current Alternating Current Most of the examples dealt with so far, and particularly those utilizing batteries, have constant voltage sources. Once the current is established, it is thus also a constant. Direct current (DC) is the flow of electric charge in only one direction. It ... | train | sciq | null |
What is a strombolian eruption named for? | [
"a country",
"an ice cleaner",
"mt. st. helens",
"mt. stromboli"
] | D | This is a strombolian eruption. This type of eruption was named for Mt. Stromboli in Italy. Strombolian eruptions spew lava into the air. But these eruptions do not have a massive explosion. They create lava flows. | train | sciq | null |
Which part of the plant conduct water and minerals as well as anchor the plant. | [
"cilia",
"stem",
"leaves",
"roots"
] | D | train | sciq | null | |
Ice caps are found only in greenland and which other place? | [
"rainforests",
"the tundra",
"Siberia",
"antarctica"
] | D | Ice caps are areas covered with thick ice year round. Ice caps are found only in Greenland and Antarctica. Temperatures and precipitation are both very low. What little snow falls usually stays on the ground. It doesn’t melt because it’s too cold. | train | sciq | null |
During a what type of reaction do chemical changes take place? | [
"biological",
"nuclear",
"toxic",
"chemical"
] | D | A: During a chemical reaction, chemical changes take place. Some chemical bonds break and new chemical bonds form. | train | sciq | null |
In mammals, the cells on the exterior form the trophectoderm, which goes on to form what? | [
"cardiac tissues",
"extraembryonic tissues",
"protoplanetary tissues",
"aeroponics tissues"
] | B | organism’s life cycle is as subject to the effects of evolutionary pressures as any other (although it is easy to concentrate our attentions on adult forms and behaviors). The study of these processes, known as embryology, is beyond our scope here, but we can outline a few common themes. If fertilized eggs develop outs... | train | sciq | null |
In sexual reproduction, what is the name of the gamete cell the male must contribute? | [
"spore",
"ova",
"sperm",
"plasma"
] | C | Sexual reproduction is more complicated. It involves two parents. Special cells called gametes are produced by the parents. A gamete produced by a female parent is generally called an egg . A gamete produced by a male parent is usually called a sperm . An offspring forms when two gametes unite. The union of the two gam... | train | sciq | null |
The term "environment of deposition" is useful for understanding the characteristics of what type of rock? | [
"limestone",
"glacial",
"meteor",
"sedimentary"
] | D | Sediments are deposited in an environment of deposition. This can be a sand dune, beach, lake, river bend, or a great number of other locations. Scientists can figure out the environment of deposition of a sedimentary rock by looking at the size of sediments and the sedimentary features in the rock. | train | sciq | null |
Apical dominance, seed germination, gravitropism, and resistance to freezing are all positively influenced by what type of chemicals in plants? | [
"hormones",
"enzymes",
"photosynthesis",
"pesticides"
] | A | Jasmonates play a major role in defense responses to herbivory. Their levels increase when a plant is wounded by a predator, resulting in an increase in toxic secondary metabolites. They contribute to the production of volatile compounds that attract natural enemies of predators. For example, chewing of tomato plants b... | train | sciq | null |
In the nasal cavity, what 2 things trap particles from incoming air? | [
"saliva and hair",
"phlegm and hair",
"mucus and hair",
"mucus and skin"
] | C | Air enters the respiratory system through the nose. As the air passes through the nasal cavity, mucus and hairs trap any particles in the air. The air is also warmed and moistened so it won’t harm delicate tissues of the lungs. | train | sciq | null |
Elemental carbon is a black, dull-looking solid that conducts heat and this? | [
"vibration",
"electricity",
"energy",
"light"
] | B | Elemental carbon is a black, dull-looking solid that conducts heat and electricity well. It is very brittle and cannot be made into thin sheets or long wires. Of these properties, how does carbon behave as a metal? How does carbon behave as a nonmetal?. | train | sciq | null |
Who created the periodic table? | [
"Niels Bohr",
"Gregor Mendel",
"Isaac Newton",
"dmitri mendeleev"
] | D | In 1869, a Russian scientist named Dmitri Mendeleev created the periodic table , which is a way of organizing elements according to their unique characteristics, like atomic number, density, boiling point, and other values ( Figure below ). Each element is represented by a one or two letter symbol. For example, H stand... | train | sciq | null |
What are unique in having adaptive immunity in addition to innate immunity? | [
"organelles",
"vertebrates",
"cells",
"invertebrates"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
All three axes are established before the zygote begins to undergo what? | [
"birth",
"cleavage",
"cloning",
"twinning"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
Because they are charged (polar), these ions do not diffuse through what? | [
"membrane",
"protein",
"cell wall",
"substrate"
] | A | Ions such as sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), and chloride (Cl - ), are important for many cell functions. Because they are charged (polar), these ions do not diffuse through the membrane. Instead they move through ion channel proteins where they are protected from the hydrophobic interior of the mem... | train | sciq | null |
What are complex organic molecules that make up cells? | [
"proteins",
"acids",
"carbohydrates",
"sugars"
] | A | Amino acids are molecules of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. These molecules are called the building blocks of life because they create proteins. Proteins are complex organic molecules that make up cells. They are the most abundant class of biological molecules. | train | sciq | null |
A light bulb converts electrical energy to light and what? | [
"thermal energy",
"visible energy",
"kinetic energy",
"chemical energy"
] | A | Most circuits have devices such as light bulbs that convert electrical energy to other forms of energy. In the case of a light bulb, electrical energy is converted to light and thermal energy. | train | sciq | null |
What are chemical bonds between atoms of nonmetals that share valence electrons called? | [
"covalent bonds",
"ionic bonds",
"gravitational bonds",
"electron bonds"
] | A | Covalent bonds are chemical bonds between atoms of nonmetals that share valence electrons. In some covalent bonds, electrons are not shared equally between the two atoms. These are called polar covalent bonds. The Figure below shows the polar bonds in a water molecule (H 2 O). The oxygen atom attracts the shared electr... | train | sciq | null |
What piece of technology can you use to see infrared light? | [
"telescope",
"night goggles",
"light meters",
"microscope"
] | B | The human body radiates heat in the range of infrared light. Night goggles work by ‘seeing’ the infrared light emitted by our bodies. | train | sciq | null |
Lenses make use of what to create images? | [
"stimulation of light",
"envelopment of light",
"resonance of light",
"refraction of light"
] | D | Lenses make use of the refraction of light to create images. A lens is a transparent object, typically made of glass, with one or two curved surfaces. The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light. Like mirrors, lenses may be concave or convex. | train | sciq | null |
What do animals observe in others to help solve problems? | [
"communication",
"behavior",
"patterns",
"function"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
Reef sponges typically have what type of beneficial relationships with other reef species? | [
"microbes",
"mutual",
"symbiotic",
"parasitic"
] | C | Many sponges live on coral reefs, like the one in Figure below . Reef sponges typically have symbiotic relationships with other reef species. For example, the sponges provide shelter for algae, shrimp, and crabs. In return, they get nutrients from the metabolism of the organisms they shelter. | train | sciq | null |
Where is the only place an electric charge can be found? | [
"conductor",
"neuron",
"ion",
"translator"
] | A | Electric charge is found only in a conductor. | train | sciq | null |
What part of a cell do proteins travel to to be modified for the specific job they will do? | [
"plasma membrane",
"nucleus",
"golgi apparatus",
"lysosome"
] | C | After a polypeptide chain is synthesized, it may undergo additional processes. For example, it may assume a folded shape due to interactions among its amino acids. It may also bind with other polypeptides or with different types of molecules, such as lipids or carbohydrates. Many proteins travel to the Golgi apparatus ... | train | sciq | null |
When current flows in just one direction, what is it called? | [
"reactant current",
"mono-current",
"alternating current",
"direct current"
] | D | When current flows in just one direction, it is called direct current (DC) . The current that flows through a battery-powered flashlight is direct current. | train | sciq | null |
An ammeter must be connected in series with what to allow it to accurately measure the current flow without causing any disruptions? | [
"configurations",
"resistors",
"insulators",
"capacitors"
] | B | An ammeter measures the current traveling through the circuit. They are designed to be connected to the circuit in series, and have an extremely low resistance. If an ammeter were connected in parallel, all of the current would go through the ammeter and very little through any other resistor. As such, it is necessary ... | train | sciq | null |
What combines with rain to form acid rain? | [
"carbon dioxide and sulfur oxides",
"suction and sulfur oxides",
"compost and sulfur oxides",
"nitrogen and sulfur oxides"
] | D | Courtesy of the U. S. EPA. Nitrogen and sulfur oxides combine with rain to form acid rain . Public Domain. | train | sciq | null |
Bacterial stis include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are diseases that can usually be cured with what? | [
"antivirals",
"antioxidants",
"antibiotics",
"antihistamines"
] | C | Bacterial STIs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. These diseases usually can be cured with antibiotics. | train | sciq | null |
Rubbing your hands together warms them by converting work into what energy? | [
"thermal energy",
"kinetic energy",
"layer energy",
"motion energy"
] | A | To sterilize a 50.0-g glass baby bottle, we must raise its temperature from 22.0ºC to 95.0ºC . How much heat transfer is required? 4. The same heat transfer into identical masses of different substances produces different temperature changes. Calculate the final temperature when 1.00 kcal of heat transfers into 1.00 kg... | train | sciq | null |
What is the opposite of nuclear fusion? | [
"might fission",
"Solar Power",
"energy fission",
"nuclear fission"
] | D | Nuclear fusion is the opposite of nuclear fission. In fusion, two or more small nuclei combine to form a single, larger nucleus. An example is shown in Figure below . In this example, two hydrogen nuclei fuse to form a helium nucleus. A neutron and a great deal of energy are also released. In fact, fusion releases even... | train | sciq | null |
What are the three classifications of elements? | [
"metals, non-metals and alkaloids",
"alkaloids, metaloids, and non-metals",
"metals, non-metals and metaloids",
"metals, metaloids, and alkaloids"
] | C | The majority of known elements are classified as metals. Metals are elements that are lustrous, or shiny. They are also good conductors of electricity and heat. Examples of metals include iron, gold, and copper. Fewer than 20 elements are classified as nonmetals. Nonmetals lack the properties of metals. Examples of non... | train | sciq | null |
Worms use a hydrostatic type of what anatomical structure to move through their environment? | [
"skeleton",
"tail",
"gastrointestinal system",
"head"
] | A | train | sciq | null | |
What flexible organ enables swallowing and speech? | [
"large intestine",
"diaphram",
"tongue",
"stomach"
] | C | The Tongue Perhaps you have heard it said that the tongue is the strongest muscle in the body. Those who stake this claim cite its strength proportionate to its size. Although it is difficult to quantify the relative strength of different muscles, it remains indisputable that the tongue is a workhorse, facilitating ing... | train | sciq | null |
What is a wall of rocks or concrete called? | [
"foot",
"knee",
"ankle",
"groin"
] | D | Longshore drift can erode the sediment from a beach. To keep this from happening, people may build a series of groins. A groin ( Figure below ) is wall of rocks or concrete. The structure juts out into the ocean perpendicular to the shore. A groin stops the longshore movement of sand. Sand collects on the up-current si... | train | sciq | null |
What are the special mating behaviors in birds called? | [
"attraction",
"courtship",
"display",
"presentation"
] | B | Birds reproduce sexually and have separates sexes. Fertilization occurs internally, so males and females must mate. Many bird species have special behaviors, such as unique songs or visual displays, for attracting mates. These special behaviors are called courtship. The white peacock in Figure below is putting on a stu... | train | sciq | null |
What kind of charges do protons give the nucleus? | [
"dynamic",
"neutral",
"positive",
"negative"
] | C | Inside the atom, two types of subatomic particles have electric charge: electrons, which have an electric charge of -1, and protons, which have an opposite but equal electric charge of +1. The model of an atom in the Figure below shows both types of charged particles. Protons are found inside the nucleus at the center ... | train | sciq | null |
What happens when a cell takes in substances through its membrane? | [
"metastasis",
"dialysis",
"filtration",
"endocytosis"
] | D | Other animal-like protists must "swallow" their food through a process called endocytosis . Endocytosis happens when a cell takes in substances through its membrane. The process is described below:. | train | sciq | null |
What are compounds formed by ionic bonds called? | [
"nuclear compounds",
"mixed compounds",
"ionic compounds (salts)",
"layered compounds"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
What kind of diagrams can be used to illustrate electron movements and ion formation? | [
"venn diagrams",
"contour maps",
"electron dot diagrams",
"atomic models"
] | C | Electron dot diagrams can be used to illustrate electron movements and ion formation. | train | sciq | null |
What always continues in a red supergiant? | [
"fission",
"heat",
"movement",
"fusion"
] | D | In a red supergiant, fusion does not stop. Lighter atoms fuse into heavier atoms. Eventually iron atoms form. When there is nothing left to fuse, the star’s iron core explodes violently. This is called a supernova explosion. The incredible energy released fuses heavy atoms together. Gold, silver, uranium and the other ... | train | sciq | null |
Glycolysis, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain are stages in what process? | [
"mitosis",
"reproduction",
"aerobic cellular respiration",
"cell death"
] | C | The many steps in the process of aerobic cellular respiration can be divided into three stages. The first stage, glycolysis, produces ATP without oxygen. Because this part of the cellular respiration pathway is universal, biologists consider it the oldest segment. Note that glycogen and fats can also enter the glycolys... | train | sciq | null |
Sex-linked traits are located on genes on what chromosomes? | [
"neural",
"reactive",
"sex",
"dna"
] | C | Sex-linked traits are located on genes on the sex chromosomes. | train | sciq | null |
What nerves attached to the brain are mainly responsible for motor and sensory functions? | [
"autonomic nerves",
"somatic nerves",
"cranial nerves",
"stimulation nerves"
] | C | Cranial Nerves The nerves attached to the brain are the cranial nerves, which are primarily responsible for the sensory and motor functions of the head and neck (one of these nerves targets organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities as part of the parasympathetic nervous system). There are twelve cranial nerves, whi... | train | sciq | null |
What would you need to see most cells? | [
"mirror",
"infrared",
"microscope",
"ultraviolet"
] | C | Most cells are so small that you cannot see them without the help of a microscope . It was not until 1665 that English scientist Robert Hooke invented a basic light microscope and observed cells for the first time, by looking at a piece of cork. You may use light microscopes in the classroom. You can use a light micros... | train | sciq | null |
The intermolecular structure of what has spaces that are not present in liquid water? | [
"ice",
"distillate",
"vapor",
"condensation"
] | A | The intermolecular structure of ice has spaces that are not present in liquid water. | train | sciq | null |
Some compounds form rigid frameworks called what? | [
"chemicals",
"grids",
"ions",
"crystals"
] | D | Some compounds form rigid frameworks called crystals. Other compounds form individual molecules. A molecule is the smallest particle of a compound that still has the compound’s properties. | train | sciq | null |
What type of relationship is it when one variable increases the other variable decreases? | [
"curve",
"inverse",
"divergence",
"regression"
] | B | The relationship between mass and acceleration is different. It is an inverse relationship. In an inverse relationship, when one variable increases, the other variable decreases. The greater the mass of an object, the less it will accelerate when a given force is applied. For example, doubling the mass of an object res... | train | sciq | null |
What is the term for polyatomic ligands with two or more donor atoms? | [
"angiosperms",
"proteins",
"chelates",
"polyamines"
] | C | Transition metals form metal complexes, polyatomic species in which a metal ion is bound to one or more ligands, which are groups bound to a metal ion. Complex ions are electrically charged metal complexes, and a coordination compound contains one or more metal complexes. Metal complexes with low coordination numbers g... | train | sciq | null |
A single, often oversimplified, path through which energy and matter flow through an ecosystem is also known as what? | [
"food chain",
"the chain",
"fuel chain",
"life cycle"
] | A | A food chain represents a single pathway by which energy and matter flow through an ecosystem. An example is shown in Figure below . Food chains are generally simpler than what really happens in nature. Most organisms consume—and are consumed by—more than one species. | train | sciq | null |
Oncogenes are involved in the formation of what disease? | [
"heart disease",
"cancer",
"autoimmune disease",
"colds"
] | B | Oncogenes are genes involved in cancer formation. | train | sciq | null |
The lack of annihilation radiation coming to us from space proves that the universe is dominated by what? | [
"energy",
"matter",
"vacuum",
"space"
] | B | Making Connections: Cosmology and Particle Physics There are many connections of cosmology—by definition involving physics on the largest scale—with particle physics—by definition physics on the smallest scale. Among these are the dominance of matter over antimatter, the nearly perfect uniformity of the cosmic microwav... | train | sciq | null |
Dinitrophenol (dnp) is an uncoupler that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons. it was used until 1938 as a what? | [
"immune system booster",
"sleep loss drug",
"bone density drug",
"weight loss drug"
] | D | ART CONNECTION QUESTIONS 1. Figure 7.11 Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an uncoupler that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons. It was used until 1938 as a weight-loss drug. What effect would you expect DNP to have on the change in pH across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Why do you think this might be an ... | train | sciq | null |
Melanocytes are located in which layer of the epidermis? | [
"outer",
"crust",
"bottom",
"follicle"
] | C | Melanocytes are located at the bottom of the epidermis. | train | sciq | null |
Soils with higher capacities generally have a larger reserve of what? | [
"water",
"hydrogen nutrients",
"mineral nutrients",
"protein"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
Materials that are good conductors of thermal energy are called? | [
"atmospheric conductors",
"atmospheric inductors",
"thermal inductors",
"thermal conductors"
] | D | Materials that are good conductors of thermal energy are called thermal conductors. Metals are very good thermal conductors. | train | sciq | null |
Composite cones are steep-sided, cone-shaped types of what, which produce explosive eruptions? | [
"volcanoes",
"earthquakes",
"craters",
"mountains"
] | A | Composite cones are steep sided, cone shaped volcanoes that produce explosive eruptions. | train | sciq | null |
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