question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Oscar purchased a large bottle of No-Flake dandruff shampoo, manufactured by Shampoo Company. The box containing the bottle stated in part: "CAUTION--Use only 1 capful at most once a day. Greater use may cause severe damage to the scalp." Oscar read the writing on the box, removed the bottle, and threw the box away. Os... | [
"I only.",
"I and II only.",
"II and III only.",
"Neither I, nor II, nor III. (D) Neither I, nor II, nor III. "
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Oscar purchased a large bottle of No-Flake dandruff shampoo, manufactured by Shampoo Company. The box containing the bottle stated in part: "CAUTION--Use only 1 capful at most once a day. Greater use may cause severe damage to the scalp." Oscar read the writing on the box, removed the bottle, and threw the box away. Os... | [
"Paul was contributorily negligent.",
"Paul assumed the risk.",
"Oscar had no duty toward Paul, who was a gratuitous donee. ",
"Oscar had no duty toward Paul, because Shampoo Company created the risk and had a nondelegable duty to foreseeable users. "
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
A statute of the state of Wasminia prohibits the use of state-owned or state-operated facilities for the performance of abortions that are not "necessary to save the life of the mother." That statute also prohibits state employees from performing any such abortions during the hours they are employed by the state. Citiz... | [
"unconstitutional, because a limit on the availability of abortions performed by state employees or in state-owned or state-operated facilities to situations in which it is necessary to save the life of the mother impermissibly interferes with the fundamental right of Citizen to decide whether to have a child. ",
... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Oscar, owner of Greenacre, conveyed Greenacre by quitclaim deed as a gift to Ann, who did not then record her deed. Later, Oscar conveyed Greenacre by warranty deed to Belle, who paid valuable consideration, knew nothing of Ann's claim, and promptly and properly recorded. Next, Ann recorded her deed. Then Belle conveye... | [
"Cal, because Ann was a donee. ",
"Cal, because Belle's purchase cut off Ann's rights. ",
"Ann, because she recorded before Cal. ",
"Ann, because Cal was a subsequent donee. "
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
While Driver was taking a leisurely spring drive, he momentarily took his eyes off the road to look at some colorful trees in bloom. As a result, his car swerved a few feet off the roadway, directly toward Walker, who was standing on the shoulder of the road waiting for a chance to cross. When Walker saw the car bearin... | [
"denied, because the record shows that Walker apprehended an imminent, harmful contact with Driver's car. ",
"denied, because a jury could find that Driver negligently caused Walker to suffer a legally compensable injury. ",
"granted, because the proximate cause of Walker's injury was his own voluntary act. ",
... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
In which of the following situations is the defendant most likely to be convicted, even though he did not intend to bring about the harm that the statute defining the offense is designed to prevent? | [
"Defendant was the president of an aspirin manufacturing company. A federal inspector discovered that a large number of aspirin tablets randomly scattered of aspirin tablets randomly scattered through several bottles in a carton ready for shipment were laced with arsenic. Defendant is charged with attempted introdu... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Happy-Time Beverages agreed in writing with Fizzy Cola Company to serve for three years as a distributor in a six-county area of Fizzy Cola, which contains a small amount of caffeine. Happy-Time promised in the contract to "promote in good faith the sale of Fizzy Cola" in that area; but the contract said nothing about ... | [
"Cool Cola's national advertising campaign disparages the Fizzy Cola product by saying, \"You don't need caffeine and neither does your cola.\" ",
"Since Happy-Time began to distribute Cool Cola, the sales of Fizzy Cola have dropped 3% in the six-county area. ",
"Prior to signing the contract with Fizzy Cola Co... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Dove is on trial for theft. At trial, the prosecutor called John and May Wong. They testified that, as they looked out their apartment window, they saw thieves across the street break the window of a jewelry store, take jewelry, and leave in a car. Mrs. Wong telephoned the police and relayed to them the license number ... | [
"admissible, under the hearsay exception for present sense impressions. ",
"admissible, as nonhearsay circumstantial evidence. ",
"inadmissible, because it is hearsay not within any exception. ",
"inadmissible, because May Wong never had firsthand knowledge of the license number. "
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Diggers Construction Company was engaged in blasting operations to clear the way for a new road. Diggers had erected adequate barriers and posted adequate warning signs in the vicinity of the blasting. Although Paul read and understood the signs, he entered the area to walk his dog. As a result of the blasting, Paul wa... | [
"not prevail, if Diggers exercised reasonable care to protect the public from harm. ",
"not prevail, because Paul understood the signs and disregarded the warnings. ",
"prevail, because Paul was harmed by Diggers's abnormally dangerous activity. ",
"prevail, unless Paul failed to use reasonable care to protec... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Pike sued Day City Community Church for damages he suffered when Pike crashed his motorcycle in an attempt to avoid a cow that had escaped from its corral. The cow and corral belonged to a farm that had recently been left by will to the church. At trial, Pike seeks to ask Defendant's witness, Winters, whether she is a ... | [
"improper, because evidence of a witness's religious beliefs is not admissible to impeach credibility. ",
"improper, because it violates First Amendment and privacy rights. ",
"proper, for the purpose of ascertaining partiality or bias. ",
"proper, for the purpose of showing capacity to appreciate the nature ... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Radon is a harmful gas found in the soil of certain regions of the United States. A statute of the state of Magenta requires occupants of residences with basements susceptible to the intrusion of radon to have their residences tested for the presence of radon and to take specified remedial steps if the test indicates t... | [
"WeTest, because the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution requires Magenta to respect and give effect to the action of the EPA in including WeTest on its list of testers that use reasonably accurate methods. ",
"WeTest, because the supremacy clause of (B) WeTest, because the supremacy clause of the Co... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Bitz, an amateur computer whiz, agreed in writing to design for the Presskey Corporation, writing to design for the Presskey Corporation, a distributor of TV game systems, three new games a year for a five-year period. The writing provided, in a clause separately signed by Bitz, that "No modification shall be binding o... | [
"Yes, because the contract's no-oralmodification clause was not expressly waived by Presskey. ",
"Yes, because the contract's no-oralmodification clause was a material part of the agreed exchange and could not be avoided without new consideration. ",
"No, because the contract's no-oralmodification clause was un... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Test owned Blackacre, a vacant one-acre tract of land in State. Five years ago, he executed a deed conveying Blackacre to "Church for the purpose of erecting a church building thereon." Three years ago, Test died leaving Sonny as his sole heir at law. His duly probated will left "all my Estate, both real and personal, ... | [
"Developer.",
"Sonny.",
"Fanny.",
"the state official."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Mr. Denby was charged with the sale of narcotics. The federal prosecutor arranged with Mrs. Denby for her to testify against her husband in exchange for leniency in her case. At trial, the prosecution calls Mrs. Denby, who had been granted immunity from prosecution, to testify, among other things, that she saw her husb... | [
"Mrs. Denby cannot be called as a witness over her husband's objection.",
"Mrs. Denby can be called as a witness but cannot testify, over Mr. Denby's objection, that she saw him sell heroin. ",
"Mrs. Denby can refuse to be a witness against her husband.",
"Mrs. Denby can be required to be a witness and to tes... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Freund, a U.S. west-coast manufacturer, gave Wrench, a hardware retailer who was relocating to the east coast, the following "letter of introduction" to Tuff, an east-coast hardware wholesaler. hardware wholesaler. This will introduce you to my good friend and former customer, Wrench, who will be seeking to arrange the... | [
"It was important to enforceability of Freund's promise to Tuff that it be embodied in a signed writing.",
"By extending the credit to Wrench, Tuff effectively accepted Freund's offer for a unilateral contract. ",
"Although Freund received no consideration from Wrench, Freund's promise is enforceable by Tuff. "... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
The legislature of the state of Gray recently enacted a statute forbidding public utilities regulated by the Gray Public Service Commission to increase their rates more than once every two years. Economy Electric Power Company, a public utility regulated by that commission, has just obtained approval of the commission ... | [
"hold the statute unconstitutional, because such a moratorium on rate increases deprives utilities of their property without due process of law. ",
"hold the statute constitutional, because the judgment of a legislature on a matter involving economic regulation is entitled to great deference. ",
"dismiss the co... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Daniel is on trial for evading $100,000 in taxes. The prosecution offers in evidence an anonymous letter to the IRS, identified as being in Daniel's handwriting, saying, "I promised my mother on her deathbed I would try to pay my back taxes. Here is $10,000. I'll make other payments if you promise not to prosecute. Ans... | [
"admissible, as a statement of present intention or plan. ",
"admissible, as an admission of a party opponent. ",
"inadmissible, because it is an effort to settle a claim. ",
"inadmissible, because the probative value is substantially outweighed by the risk of unfair prejudice. "
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Broker needed a certain rare coin to complete a set that he had contracted to assemble and sell to Collecta. On February 1, Broker obtained such a coin from Hoarda in exchange for $1,000 and Broker's signed, written promise to re-deliver to Hoarda "not later than December 31 this year" a comparable specimen of the same... | [
"Broker did not repudiate the contract on October 17, and may still perform no later than the contract deadline of December 31. ",
"Even if Broker repudiated on October 17, Hoarda's only action would be for specific performance because the coin is a unique chattel. ",
"Under the doctrine of impossibility, which... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Broker needed a certain rare coin to complete a set that he had contracted to assemble and sell to Collecta. On February 1, Broker obtained such a coin from Hoarda in exchange for $1,000 and Broker's signed, written promise to re-deliver to Hoarda "not later than December 31 this year" a comparable specimen of the same... | [
"Hoarda's implied duty of good faith and fair dealing in enforcement of the contract required her to mitigate her losses on the rising market by suing promptly, as she did, after becoming reasonably apprehensive of a prospective breach by Broker. ",
"Although the doctrine of anticipatory breach is not applicable ... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Alice owned a commercial property, Eastgate, consisting of a one-story building rented to various retail stores and a very large parking lot. Two years ago, Alice died and left Eastgate to her nephew, Paul, for life, with remainder to her godson, Richard, his heirs and assigns. Paul was 30 years old and Richard was 20 ... | [
"Acme cannot purchase Paul's life estate, because life estates are not assignable. ",
"the proposed demolition of the building constitutes waste.",
"Richard's payment of the mortgage principal has subrogated him to Paul's rights as a life tenant and bars Paul's assignment of the life estate without Richard's co... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Doppler is charged with aggravated assault on Vezy, a game warden. Doppler testified that, when he was confronted by Vezy, who was armed and out of uniform, Doppler believed Vezy was a robber and shot in self-defense. The state calls Willy to testify that a year earlier, he had seen Doppler shoot a man without provocat... | [
"admissible, as evidence of Doppler's untruthfulness. ",
"admissible, as evidence that Doppler did not act in self-defense on this occasion. ",
"inadmissible, because it is improper character evidence. ",
"inadmissible, because it is irrelevant to the defense Doppler raised. "
] | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Eddie worked as the cashier in a restaurant. One night after the restaurant had closed, Eddie discovered that the amount of cash in Eddie discovered that the amount of cash in the cash register did not match the cash register receipt tapes. He took the cash and the tapes, put them in a bag, gave them to Rita, the manag... | [
"larceny.",
"embezzlement.",
"either larceny or embezzlement but not both.",
"neither larceny nor embezzlement."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
A grand jury returned an indictment charging Daniels with bank robbery, and when he could not make bond he was jailed pending trial. He had received Miranda warnings when arrested and had made no statement at that time. The prosecutor arranged to have Innis, an informant, placed as Daniels's cellmate and instructed Inn... | [
"granted, because Daniels's privilege against self-incrimination was violated. ",
"granted, because Daniels's right to counsel was violated. ",
"denied, because Daniels had received Miranda warnings. ",
"denied, because Daniels was not interrogated by Innis. "
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Pamela sued Driver for damages for the death of Pamela's husband Ronald, resulting from an automobile collision. At trial, Driver calls Ronald's doctor to testify that the day before his death, Ronald, in great pain, said, "It was my own fault; there's nobody to blame but me." The doctor's testimony should be admitted ... | [
"a statement against interest.",
"a dying declaration.",
"a statement of Ronald's then existing state of mind.",
"an excited utterance."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Clerk is a clerical worker who has been employed for the past two years in a permanent position in the Wasmania County Public Records Office in the state of Orange. Clerk has been responsible for copying and filing records of real estate transactions in that office. Clerk works in a nonpublic part of the office and has... | [
"unconstitutional, because it constitutes a taking without just compensation of Clerk's property interest in his permanent position with the county. ",
"unconstitutional, because in light of Clerk's particular employment duties his right to express himself on a matter of public concern outweighed any legitimate i... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Slalome, a ski-shop operator, in a telephone conversation with Mitt, a glove manufacturer, ordered 12 pairs of vortex-lined ski gloves at Mitt's list price of $600 per dozen "for delivery in 30 days." Mitt orally accepted the offer, and immediately faxed to Slalome this signed memo: "Confirming our agreement today for ... | [
"Yes, because the gloves were identified to the contract and tendered to Slalome. ",
"Yes, because Mitt's faxed memo to Slalome was sufficient to make the agreement enforceable. ",
"No, because the agreed price was $600 and Slalome never signed a writing evidencing a contract with Mitt. ",
"No, because Slalom... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
A burglar stole Collecta's impressionist painting valued at $400,000. Collecta, who had insured the painting for $300,000 with Artistic Insurance Co., promised to pay $25,000 to Snoop, a full-time investigator for Artistic, if he effected the return of the painting to her in good condition. By company rules, Artistic p... | [
"Collecta wins, because Snoop owed Artistic a preexisting duty to recover the picture if possible. ",
"Collecta wins, because Artistic, Snoop's employer, had a preexisting duty to return the recovered painting to Collecta. ",
"Snoop wins, because Collecta will benefit more from return of the $400,000 benefit mo... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Oren owned Purpleacre, a tract of land, in fee simple. By will duly admitted to probate after his death, Oren devised Purpleacre to "any wife who survives me with remainder to such of my children as are living at her death." Oren was survived by Wen, his wife, and by three children, Cynthia, Cam, and Camelia. Thereafte... | [
"Cynthia, Camelia, and David, because the earliest vesting of remainders is favored and reference to Wen's death should be construed as relating to time of taking possession. ",
"Cynthia, Camelia, and David, because the provision requiring survival of children violates the Rule Against Perpetuities since the surv... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Allen and Bradley were law school classmates who had competed for the position of editor of the law review. Allen had the higher grade point average, but Bradley was elected editor, largely in recognition of a long and important largely in recognition of a long and important note that had appeared in the review over he... | [
"recover, because Allen's statement was false. ",
"recover, if Allen had substantial doubts about the accuracy of the information he gave the interviewer. ",
"not recover, unless Bradley proves (C) not recover, unless Bradley proves pecuniary loss. ",
"not recover, because the statement was made by Allen only... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Sue Starr, a minor both in fact and appearance, bought on credit and took delivery of a telescope from 30-year-old Paul Prism for an agreed price of $100. Upon reaching her majority soon thereafter, Starr encountered Prism and said, "I am sorry for not having paid you that $100 for the telescope when the money was due,... | [
"nothing, because Starr was a minor at the time of the original transaction. ",
"nothing, because there was no consideration for the promise made by Starr after reaching majority. ",
"$75.00 ",
"$100.00 "
] | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Sue Starr, a minor both in fact and appearance, bought on credit and took delivery of a telescope from 30-year-old Paul Prism for an agreed price of $100. Upon reaching her majority soon thereafter, Starr encountered Prism and said, "I am sorry for not having paid you that $100 for the telescope when the money was due,... | [
"None.",
"It makes the promise illusory.",
"It requires Starr to prove her inability to pay.",
"It requires Prism to prove Starr's ability to pay."
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Beach owned a tract of land called Blackacre. An old road ran through Blackacre from the abutting public highway. The road had been used to haul wood from Blackacre. Without Beach's permission and with no initial right, Daniel, the owner of Whiteacre, which adjoined Blackacre, traveled over the old road for a period of... | [
"lose as to both defendants.",
"win as to both defendants.",
"win as to Beach, but lose as to Daniel. ",
"win as to Daniel, but lose as to Beach. "
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Prine sued Dover for an assault that occurred March 5 in California. To support his defense that he was in Utah on that date, Dover identifies and seeks to introduce a letter he wrote to his sister a week before the assault in which he stated that he would see her in Utah on March 5. The letter is | [
"admissible, within the state of mind exception to the hearsay rule. ",
"admissible, as a prior consistent statement to support Dover's credibility as a witness. ",
"inadmissible, because it lacks sufficient probative value. ",
"inadmissible, because it is a statement of belief to prove the fact believed. "
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Maple City has an ordinance that prohibits the location of "adult theaters and bookstores" (theaters and bookstores presenting sexually explicit performances or materials) in residential or commercial zones within the city. The ordinance was intended to protect surrounding property from the likely adverse secondary eff... | [
"The ordinance is valid, because a city may enforce zoning restrictions on speech-related businesses to ensure that the messages they disseminate are acceptable to the residents of adjacent property. ",
"The ordinance is valid, because a city may enforce this type of time, place, and manner regulation on speech-r... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Kingsley was prosecuted for selling cocaine to an undercover police agent. At his trial, he testified that he only sold the drugs to the agent, whom Kingsley knew as "Speedy," because Speedy had told him that he (Speedy) would be killed by fellow gang members unless he supplied them with cocaine. The prosecution did no... | [
"reversed, because it was an error for the court to admit the evidence of his prior convictions as substantive evidence. ",
"reversed, because it was a violation of due process to impose on the defense a burden of persuasion concerning entrapment. ",
"reversed, for both of the above reasons. ",
"affirmed, bec... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Pat sustained personal injuries in a three-car collision caused by the concurrent negligence of the three drivers, Pat, Donald, and Drew. In Pat's action for damages against Donald and Drew, the jury apportioned the negligence 30% to Pat, 30% to Donald, and 40% to Drew. Pat's total damages were $100,000. Assume for thi... | [
"$70,000 from Donald, and then Donald will be entitled to collect $40,000 from Drew. ",
"$30,000 from Donald, and then Donald will be entitled to collect $10,000 from Drew. ",
"$30,000 from Donald, and then Donald will be entitled to collect nothing from Drew. ",
"nothing from Donald, because Donald's percent... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Pat sustained personal injuries in a three-car collision caused by the concurrent negligence of the three drivers, Pat, Donald, and Drew. In Pat's action for damages against Donald and Drew, the jury apportioned the negligence 30% to Pat, 30% to Donald, and 40% to Drew. Pat's total damages were $100,000. Assume for thi... | [
"$70,000 from Donald, and then Donald will be entitled to collect $40,000 from Drew. ",
"$30,000 from Donald, and then Donald will be entitled to collect $10,000 from Drew. ",
"$30,000 from Donald, and then Donald will be entitled to collect nothing from Drew. ",
"nothing from Donald, because Donald's percent... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Tess Traviata owed Dr. Paula Pulmonary, a physician, $25,000 for professional services. Dr. Pulmonary orally assigned this claim to her adult daughter, Bridey, as a wedding gift. Shortly thereafter, on suffering sudden, severe losses in the stock market, Dr. Pulmonary assigned by a signed writing the same claim to her ... | [
"As the assignee prior in time, Bridey can recover $25,000 from Traviata, who acted at her peril in paying Dr. acted at her peril in paying Dr. Pulmonary. ",
"As the sole assignee for value, Margin can recover $25,000 from Traviata, who acted at her peril in paying Dr. Pulmonary. ",
"Neither Bridey nor Margin c... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Patten suffered from a serious, though not immediately life-threatening, impairment of his circulatory system. Patten's cardiologist recommended a cardiac bypass operation and referred Patten to Dr. Cutter. Cutter did not inform Patten of the 2% risk of death associated with this operation. Cutter defended his decision... | [
"No, if Cutter used his best personal judgment in shielding Patten from the risk statistic. ",
"No, because the operation was successful and Patten suffered no harm. ",
"Yes, if Patten would have refused the operation had he been informed of the risk. ",
"Yes, because a patient must be told the risk factor as... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
A statute of the state of Orrington provides that assessments of real property for tax purposes must represent the "actual value" of the property. The Blue County Tax Commission, in making its assessments, has uniformly and consistently determined the "actual value" of real property solely by reference to the price at ... | [
"deprives Owner of the equal protection of the laws.",
"deprives Owner of a privilege or immunity of national citizenship.",
"constitutes a taking of private property for public use without just compensation.",
"constitutes an ex post facto law."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Plaza Hotel sued Plaza House Hotel for infringement of its trade name. To establish a likelihood of name confusion, Plaintiff Plaza Hotel offers a series of memoranda which it had asked its employees to prepare at the end of each day listing instances during the day in which telephone callers, cab drivers, customers, a... | [
"excluded, because they are more unfairly prejudicial and confusing than probative. ",
"excluded, because they are hearsay not within any exception. ",
"admitted, because they are records of regularly conducted business activity. ",
"admitted, because they are past recollection recorded."
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Walter, a 16-year-old, purchased an educational chemistry set manufactured by Chemco. Walter invited his friend and classmate, Peter, to assist him in a chemistry project. Referring to a library chemistry book on explosives and finding that the chemistry set contained all of the necessary chemicals, Walter and Peter ag... | [
"prevail, if the chemistry set did not contain a warning that its contents could be combined to form dangerous explosives. ",
"prevail, because manufacturers of chemistry sets are engaged in an abnormally dangerous activity. ",
"not prevail, because Walter's negligence was the cause in fact of Peter's injury. "... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
While walking home one evening, Harold, an off-duty police officer, was accosted by Jones, a stranger. Jones had been drinking and mistakenly thought Harold was a man who was having an affair with his wife. Intending to frighten Harold but not to harm him, Jones pulled out a knife, screamed obscenities, and told Harold... | [
"sustained, because Harold reasonably believed Jones was planning to kill him and that deadly force was required. ",
"sustained, because the killing was in hot blood upon sufficient provocation. ",
"denied, because Jones did not in fact intend to harm Harold and Harold was incorrect in believing that he did. ",... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Anna entered a hospital to undergo surgery and feared that she might not survive. She instructed her lawyer by telephone to prepare a deed conveying Blackacre, a large tract of undeveloped land, as a gift to her nephew, Bernard, who lived in a distant state. Her instructions were followed, and, prior to her surgery, sh... | [
"the gift of Blackacre was inter vivos rather than causa mortis.",
"the showing of Bernard's estate as the owner of Blackacre on the tax rolls supplied what otherwise would be a missing essential element for a valid conveyance.",
"disappointing Bernard's devisee would violate the religious freedom provisions of... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
In a prosecution of Doris for murder, the government seeks to introduce a properly authenticated note written by the victim that reads: "Doris did it." In laying the foundation for admitting the note as a dying declaration, the prosecution offered an affidavit from the attending physician that the victim knew she was a... | [
"a preliminary fact question for the judge, and the judge must not consider the affidavit. ",
"a preliminary fact question for the judge, and the judge may properly consider the affidavit. ",
"a question of weight and credibility for the jury, and the jury must not consider the affidavit. ",
"a question of we... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
As Paul, a bartender, was removing the restraining wire from a bottle of champagne produced and bottled by Winery, Inc., the plastic stopper suddenly shot out of the bottle. The stopper struck and injured Paul's eye. Paul had opened other bottles of champagne, and occasionally the stoppers had shot out with great force... | [
"No, if the jury finds that a legally sufficient warning would not have prevented Paul's injury. ",
"No, if a reasonable bartender would have realized that a stopper could eject from the bottle and hit his eye. ",
"Yes, with damages reduced by the percentage of any contributory fault on Paul's part. ",
"Yes, ... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Swatter, a baseball star, contracted with the Municipal Symphony Orchestra, Inc., to perform for $5,000 at a children's concert as narrator of "Peter and the Wolf." Shortly before the concert, Swatter became embroiled in a highly publicized controversy over whether he had cursed and assaulted a baseball fan. The orches... | [
"affirmed, because the trial court stated the law correctly. ",
"affirmed, because the issue of damages for breach of contract was solely a jury question. ",
"reversed, because the test for limiting damages is what the breaching party could reasonably have foreseen at the time of the breach. ",
"reversed, bec... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Road Lines is an interstate bus company operating in a five-state area. A federal statute authorizes the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to permit interstate carriers to discontinue entirely any unprofitable route. Road Lines applied to the ICC for permission to drop a very unprofitable route through the sparsely ... | [
"dismiss the action, because Foley lacks standing to sue. ",
"direct the removal of the case to federal court, because this suit involves a substantial federal question. ",
"hear the case on its merits and decide for Foley because, on these facts, a federal agency is interfering with essential state functions. ... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Plaintiff challenged the constitutionality of a state tax law, alleging that it violated the equal protection clauses of both the United States Constitution and the state constitution. The state supreme court agreed and held the tax law to be invalid. It said: "We hold that this state tax law violates the equal protect... | [
"Reverse the state supreme court decision, because the equal protection clause of a state constitution must be construed by the state supreme court in a manner that is congruent with the meaning of the equal protection clause of the federal Constitution. ",
"Reverse the state supreme court decision with respect t... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
A federal statute prohibits the construction of nuclear energy plants in this country without a license from the Federal Nuclear Plant Siting Commission. The statute provides that the Commission may issue a license authorizing the construction of a proposed nuclear energy plant 30 days after the Commission makes a find... | [
"invalid, because any determination by Congress that particular agency action does not satisfy statutory criteria violates Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution because it constitutes the performance of a judicial function by the legislative branch. ",
"invalid, because Article I, Section 7 of the Constituti... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
A jurisdiction has the following decisional law on questions of principal and accomplice liability: CASE A: Defendant, a hardware store owner, sold several customers an item known as a "SuperTrucker," which detects police radar and enables speeders to avoid detection. When one of the devices broke down and the speeder ... | [
"convicted on the authority of Case A.",
"convicted on the authority of Case B.",
"acquitted on the authority of Case C.",
"acquitted on the authority of Case D."
] | C | null | train | mmlu | |
A jurisdiction has the following decisional law on questions of principal and accomplice liability: CASE A: Defendant, a hardware store owner, sold several customers an item known as a "SuperTrucker," which detects police radar and enables speeders to avoid detection. When one of the devices broke down and the speeder ... | [
"convicted on the authority of Case A.",
"convicted on the authority of Case B.",
"acquitted on the authority of Case C.",
"acquitted on the authority of Case D."
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
A jurisdiction has the following decisional law on questions of principal and accomplice liability: CASE A: Defendant, a hardware store owner, sold several customers an item known as a "SuperTrucker," which detects police radar and enables speeders to avoid detection. When one of the devices broke down and the speeder ... | [
"convicted on the authority of Case A.",
"convicted on the authority of Case B.",
"acquitted on the authority of Case C.",
"acquitted on the authority of Case D."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Congressional hearings determined that the use of mechanical power hammers is very dangerous to the persons using them and to persons in the vicinity of the persons using them. As a result, Congress enacted a statute prohibiting the use of mechanical power hammers on all construction projects in the United States. Subs... | [
"unconstitutional, because it was enacted subsequent to the federal statute. ",
"unconstitutional, because it conflicts with the provisions of the federal statute. ",
"constitutional, because the federal statute does not expressly indicate that it supersedes inconsistent state or local laws. ",
"constitutiona... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Under a written agreement Superpastries, Inc., promised to sell its entire output of baked buns at a specified unit price to Bonnie's Buns, Inc., a retailer, for one year. Bonnie's Buns promised not to sell any other supplier's baked buns. For this question only, assume the following facts. Shortly after making the con... | [
"Bonnie's Buns wins, because mutuality of obligation was lacking in that Bonnie's Buns made no express promise to buy any of Superpastries' baked buns. ",
"Bonnie's Buns wins, because the agreement was void for indefiniteness of quantity and total price for the year involved. ",
"Superpastries wins, because Bon... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Under a written agreement Superpastries, Inc., promised to sell its entire output of baked buns at a specified unit price to Bonnie's Buns, Inc., a retailer, for one year. Bonnie's Buns promised not to sell any other supplier's baked buns. For this question only, assume the following facts. The parties' contract includ... | [
"Summary judgment for Bonnie's Buns, because as a matter of law Superpastries could not discontinue production of baked buns merely because it was losing money on that product. ",
"Summary judgment for Superpastries, because its cessation of baked-bun production and Bonnie's Buns' awareness thereof amounted as a ... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Dirk is on trial for the brutal murder of Villas. Dirk's first witness, Wesley, testified that in her opinion Dirk is a peaceful and nonviolent person. The prosecution does not crossexamine Wesley, who is then excused from further attendance. Which one of the following is INADMISSIBLE during the prosecution's rebuttal?... | [
"Testimony by Wesley's former employer that Wesley submitted a series of false expense vouchers two years ago.",
"Testimony by a police officer that Dirk has a long-standing reputation in the community as having a violent temper.",
"Testimony by a neighbor that Wesley has a long-standing reputation in the commu... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Amos owned Greenfield, a tract of land. His friend Bert wanted to buy Greenfield and offered $20,000 for it. Amos knew that Bert was insolvent, but replied, "As a favor to you as an old friend, I will sell Greenfield to you for $20,000, even though it is worth much more, if you can raise the money within one month." Be... | [
"I only.",
"I and II only.",
"II and III only.",
"I, II, and III. "
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Modality City has had a severe traffic problem on its streets. As a result, it enacted an ordinance prohibiting all sales to the public of food or other items by persons selling directly from trucks, cars, or other vehicles located on city streets. The ordinance included an inseverable grandfather provision exempting f... | [
"constitutional, because it is narrowly tailored to implement the city's compelling interest in reducing traffic congestion and, therefore, satisfies the strict scrutiny test applicable to such cases. ",
"constitutional, because its validity is governed by the rational basis test, and the courts consistently defe... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Doe, the governor of State, signed a death warrant for Rend, a convicted murderer. Able and Baker are active opponents of the death penalty. At a demonstration protesting the execution of Rend, Able and Baker carried large signs that stated, "Governor Doe - Murderer." Television station XYZ broadcast news coverage of t... | [
"Yes, because the signs would cause persons to hold Doe in lower esteem. ",
"Yes, if Doe proves that XYZ showed the signs with knowledge of falsity or reckless disregard of the truth that Doe had not committed homicide. ",
"No, unless Doe proves he suffered pecuniary loss resulting from harm to his reputation p... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Doe, the governor of State, signed a death warrant for Rend, a convicted murderer. Able and Baker are active opponents of the death penalty. At a demonstration protesting the execution of Rend, Able and Baker carried large signs that stated, "Governor Doe - Murderer." Television station XYZ broadcast news coverage of t... | [
"Yes, if the broadcast showing the signs caused Doe to suffer severe emotional distress. ",
"Yes, because the assertion on the signs was extreme and outrageous. ",
"No, unless Doe suffered physical harm as a consequence of the emotional distress caused by the signs. ",
"No, because XYZ did not publish a false... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
On July 18, Snowco, a shovel manufacturer, received an order for the purchase of 500 snow shovels from Acme, Inc., a wholesaler. Acme had mailed the purchase order on July 15. The order required shipment of the shovels no earlier than September 15 and no later than October 15. Typed conspicuously across the front of th... | [
"No contract was formed, because of Acme's reservation of the right to cancel. ",
"No contract was formed, because Acme's order was only a revocable offer. ",
"A contract was formed, but prior to September 1 it was terminable at the will of either party. ",
"A contract was formed, but prior to September 1 it ... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
On July 18, Snowco, a shovel manufacturer, received an order for the purchase of 500 snow shovels from Acme, Inc., a wholesaler. Acme had mailed the purchase order on July 15. The order required shipment of the shovels no earlier than September 15 and no later than October 15. Typed conspicuously across the front of th... | [
"Acme's order for the shovels, even if initially illusory, became a binding promise to accept and pay for them. ",
"Acme's order was an offer that became an option after shipment by Snowco.",
"Acme's right to cancel was a condition subsequent, the failure of which resulted in an enforceable contract. ",
"In v... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
At a country auction, Powell acquired an antique cabinet that he recognized as a "Morenci," an extremely rare and valuable collector's item. Unfortunately, Powell's cabinet had several coats of varnish and paint over the original finish. Its potential value could only be realized if these layers could be removed withou... | [
"Yes, unless no other known removal technique would have preserved the Morenci finish. ",
"Yes, if the loss would not have occurred had the statement in the brochure been true. ",
"No, unless the product was defective when sold by Restorall, Inc. ",
"No, if the product was not dangerous to persons. "
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Two adjacent, two-story, commercial buildings were owned by Simon. The first floors of both buildings were occupied by various retail establishments. The second floors were rented to various other tenants. Access to the second floor of each building was reached by a common stairway located entirely in Building 1. While... | [
"Edward, because Dennis has no rights in the stairway. ",
"Edward, because Dennis's rights in the stairway do not extend beyond the normal life of the existing structure. ",
"Dennis, because Dennis has an easement in the stairway and an implied right to keep the stairway in repair. ",
"Dennis, because Dennis ... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Deeb was charged with stealing furs from a van. At trial, Wallace testified she saw Deeb take the furs. The jurisdiction in which Deeb is being tried does not allow in evidence lie detector results. On cross-examination by Deeb's attorney, Wallace was asked, "The light was too dim to identify Deeb, wasn't it?" She resp... | [
"grant the motion, because the question was leading. ",
"grant the motion, because the probative value of the unresponsive testimony is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice. ",
"deny the motion, because it is proper rehabilitation of an impeached witness. ",
"deny the motion, because Dee... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Park sued Officer Dinet for false arrest. Dinet's defense was that, based on a description he heard over the police radio, he reasonably believed Park was an armed robber. Police radio dispatcher Brigg, reading from a note, had broadcast the description of an armed robber on which Dinet claims to have relied. The defen... | [
"I and II only.",
"I and III only.",
"II and III only.",
"I, II, and III. "
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Aris was the owner in fee simple of adjoining lots known as Lot 1 and Lot 2. He built a house in which he took up residence on Lot 1. Thereafter, he built a house on Lot 2, which he sold, house and lot, to Baker. Consistent with the contract of sale and purchase, the deed conveying Lot 2 from Aris to Baker contained th... | [
"I only.",
"IV only.",
"I and IV only.",
"II and III only."
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
After waiting until all the customers had left, Max entered a small grocery store just before closing time. He went up to the lone clerk in the store and said, "Hand over all the money in the cash register or you will get hurt." The clerk fainted and struck his head on the edge of the counter. As Max went behind the co... | [
"robbery.",
"assault and robbery.",
"attempted robbery.",
"assault and attempted robbery."
] | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Palko is being treated by a physician for asbestosis, an abnormal chest condition that was caused by his on-the-job handling of materials containing asbestos. His physician has told him that the asbestosis is not presently cancerous, but that it considerably increases the risk that he will ultimately develop lung cance... | [
"No, because Palko's emotional distress did not cause his physical condition. ",
"No, unless the court in this jurisdiction recognizes a cause of action for an increased risk of cancer. ",
"Yes, because the supplier of a dangerous product is strictly liable for the harm it causes. ",
"Yes, because Palko's emo... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Police received information from an undercover police officer that she had just seen two men (whom she described) in a red pickup truck selling marijuana to schoolchildren near the city's largest high school. A few minutes later, two police officers saw a pickup truck fitting the description a half block from the high ... | [
"grant the motion as to both the marijuana and the cocaine.",
"grant the motion as to the marijuana but deny it as to the cocaine.",
"deny the motion as to the marijuana but grant it as to the cocaine.",
"deny the motion as to both the marijuana and the cocaine."
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Police received information from an undercover police officer that she had just seen two men (whom she described) in a red pickup truck selling marijuana to schoolchildren near the city's largest high school. A few minutes later, two police officers saw a pickup truck fitting the description a half block from the high ... | [
"grant the motion, because she did not fit the description given by the informant and her mere presence does not justify the search. ",
"grant the motion, because the police should have seized her purse and then obtained a warrant to search it. ",
"deny the motion, because she had been a passenger in the truck ... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Len owned two adjoining parcels known as Lot 1 and Lot 2. Both parcels fronted on Main Street and abutted a public alley in the rear. Lot 1 was improved with a commercial building that covered all of the Main Street frontage of Lot 1; there was a large parking lot on the rear of Lot 1 with access from the alley only. F... | [
"Len owned both Lot 1 and Lot 2 until eight years ago.",
"Tenny has access to the parking lot from the alley.",
"mere use of an easement is not adverse possession.",
"no easement was mentioned in the deed from Len to Owen."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Dewar, a developer, needing a water well on one of his projects, met several times about the matter with Waterman, a well driller. Subsequently, Waterman sent Dewar an unsigned typewritten form captioned "WELL DRILLING PROPOSAL" and stating various terms the two had discussed but not agreed upon, including a "proposed ... | [
"Dewar wins, because his signing of Waterman's form constituted an acceptance of an offer by Waterman. ",
"Dewar wins, because Waterman's commencement of performance constituted an acceptance by Waterman of an offer by Dewar and an implied promise by Waterman to complete the well. ",
"Waterman wins, because he ... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
In an action brought against Driver by Walker's legal representative, the only proofs that the legal representative offered on liability were that: (1) Walker, a pedestrian, was killed instantly while walking on the shoulder of the highway; (2) Driver was driving the car that struck Walker; and (3) there were no living... | [
"grant the motion, because the legal representative has offered no specific evidence from which reasonable jurors may conclude that Driver was negligent. ",
"grant the motion, because it is just as likely that Walker was negligent as that Driver was negligent. ",
"deny the motion, unless Walker was walking with... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Smith joined a neighborhood gang. At a gang meeting, as part of the initiation process, the leader ordered Smith to kill Hardy, a member of a rival gang. Smith refused, saying he no longer wanted to be part of the group. The leader, with the approval of the other members, told Smith that he had become too involved with... | [
"not guilty, because of the defense of duress. ",
"not guilty, because of the defense of necessity. ",
"guilty of first-degree murder.",
"guilty of second-degree murder."
] | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Ohner and Planner signed a detailed writing in which Planner, a landscape architect, agreed to landscape and replant Ohner's residential property in accordance with a design prepared by Planner and incorporated in the writing. Ohner agreed to pay $10,000 for the work upon its completion. Ohner's spouse was not a party ... | [
"Substantial performance.",
"Promissory estoppel.",
"Irrevocable waiver of condition.",
"Unjust enrichment."
] | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Arnold and Beverly owned a large tract of land, Blackacre, in fee simple as joint tenants with rights of survivorship. While Beverly was on an extended safari in Kenya, Arnold learned that there were very valuable coal deposits within Blackacre, but he made no attempt to inform Beverly. Thereupon, Arnold conveyed his i... | [
"Alice, because Arnold and Beverly were tenants in common at the time of Arnold's death. ",
"Alice, because Arnold's will severed the joint tenancy. ",
"Beverly, because the joint tenancy was reestablished by Alice's reconveyance to Arnold. ",
"Beverly, because Arnold breached his fiduciary duty as her joint ... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
At the time of his death last week, Test owned Blackacre, a small farm. By his duly probated will, drawn five years ago, Test did the following: (1) devised Blackacre "to Arthur for the life of Baker, then to Casper"; (2) gave "all the rest, residue and remainder of my Estate, both real and personal, to my friend Fanny... | [
"Arthur for life, remainder to Casper. ",
"Casper, in fee simple. ",
"Sonny, in fee simple. ",
"Fanny, in fee simple."
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Gyro, an expert in lifting and emplacing equipment atop tall buildings, contracted in a signed writing to lift and emplace certain air-conditioning equipment atop Tower's building. An exculpatory clause in the contract provided that Gyro would not be liable for any physical damage to Tower's building occurring during i... | [
"The exculpatory clause.",
"The liquidated-damage clause.",
"The \"time is of the essence\" clause. ",
"The extra-work clause."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Gyro, an expert in lifting and emplacing equipment atop tall buildings, contracted in a signed writing to lift and emplace certain air-conditioning equipment atop Tower's building. An exculpatory clause in the contract provided that Gyro would not be liable for any physical damage to Tower's building occurring during i... | [
"Yes, because Tower did not agree to release Gyro from liability under the Gyro-Tower contract. ",
"Yes, because Tower received no consideration for the substitution of Copter for Gyro. ",
"No, because by accepting the substitution of Copter for Gyro, Tower effected a novation, and Gyro was thereby discharged o... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Allen owned Greenacre in fee simple of record on January 10. On that day, Maria loaned Allen $50,000 and Allen mortgaged Greenacre to Maria as security for the loan. The mortgage was recorded on January 18. Allen conveyed Greenacre to Barnes for a valuable consideration on January 11. Maria did not know of this, nor di... | [
"Barnes, because he paid valuable consideration without notice before Maria recorded her mortgage. ",
"Barnes, because Maria's delay in recording means that she is estopped from asserting her priority in time. ",
"Maria, because Barnes did not record his deed before her mortgage was recorded. ",
"Maria, becau... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Park sued Dunlevy for copyright infringement for using in Dunlevy's book some slightly disguised house plans on which Park held the copyright. Park is prepared to testify that he heard Dunlevy's executive assistant for copyright matters say that Dunlevy had obtained an advance copy of the plans from Park's office manag... | [
"admissible as reporting a statement of an employee of a party opponent.",
"admissible as a statement of a co- conspirator.",
"inadmissible, because it is hearsay not within any exception. ",
"inadmissible, because there is no showing that the assistant was authorized to speak for Dunlevy. "
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Congress enacted a statute providing grants of federal funds for the restoration and preservation of courthouses that were built before 1900 and are still in use. The statute contains an inseverable condition requiring that any courthouse restored with the aid of such a grant must be equipped with ramps and other facil... | [
"Yes, because Congress may impose reasonable conditions related to the public welfare on grants of federal funds to public bodies when the public bodies are free to accept or reject the grants. ",
"Yes, because the rights of handicapped and disabled people are fundamental rights that take precedence, as a constit... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Arnold decided to destroy an old warehouse that he owned because the taxes on the structure exceeded the income that he could receive from it. He crept into the building in the middle of the night with a can of gasoline and a fuse and set the fuse timer for 30 minutes. He then left the building. The fuse failed to igni... | [
"Yes, because factual impossibility is no defense. ",
"Yes, because a mistake of law even on the advice of an attorney is no defense. ",
"No, because his mistake negated a necessary mental state. ",
"No, because even if his actions had every consequence he intended, they would not have constituted arson. "
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
"Look-alike drugs" is the term used to describe nonprescription drugs that look like narcotic drugs and are sold on the streets as narcotic drugs. After extensive hearings, Congress concluded that the sale of look-alike drugs was widespread in this country and was creating severe health and law enforcement problems. To... | [
"The spending power.",
"The commerce clause.",
"The general welfare clause.",
"The enforcement powers of the Fourteenth Amendment."
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Peter and Donald were in the habit of playing practical jokes on each other on their respective birthdays. On Peter's birthday, Donald sent Peter a cake containing an ingredient that he knew had, in the past, made Peter very ill. After Peter had eaten a piece of the cake, he suffered severe stomach pains and had to be ... | [
"prevail, because Donald knew that the cake would be harmful or offensive to Peter. ",
"prevail, only if the ambulance driver was negligent. ",
"not prevail, because Donald could not reasonably be expected to foresee injury to Peter's leg. ",
"not prevail, because the ambulance driver's heart attack was a sup... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Decker, charged with armed robbery of a store, denied that he was the person who had robbed the store. In presenting the state's case, the prosecutor seeks to introduce evidence that Decker had robbed two other stores in the past year. This evidence is | [
"admissible, to prove a pertinent trait of Decker's character and Decker's action in conformity therewith. ",
"admissible, to prove Decker's intent and identity. ",
"inadmissible, because character must be proved by reputation or opinion and may not be proved by specific acts. ",
"inadmissible, because its pr... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Twenty-five years ago, Seller conveyed Blackacre to Buyer by a warranty deed. Seller at that time also executed and delivered an instrument in the proper form of a deed, purporting to convey Whiteacre to Buyer. Seller thought she had title to Whiteacre but did not; therefore, no title passed by virtue of the Whiteacre ... | [
"Whiteacre but not to the ten-foot strip of Greenacre.",
"the ten-foot strip of Greenacre but not to Whiteacre.",
"both Whiteacre and the ten-foot strip of Greenacre.",
"neither Whiteacre nor the ten-foot strip of Greenacre."
] | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Elda, the aged mother of Alice and Barry, both adults, wished to employ a live-in companion so that she might continue to live in her own home. Elda, however, had only enough income to pay one-half of the companion's $2,000 monthly salary. Learning of their mother's plight, Alice and Barry agreed with each other in a s... | [
"Yes, because by making his first three payments, Barry confirmed his intent to contract. ",
"Yes, because Elda is an intended beneficiary of a contract between Alice and Barry. ",
"No, because a parent cannot sue her child for breach of a promise for support. ",
"No, because Alice and Barry intended their pa... | B | null | train | mmlu | |
Elda, the aged mother of Alice and Barry, both adults, wished to employ a live-in companion so that she might continue to live in her own home. Elda, however, had only enough income to pay one-half of the companion's $2,000 monthly salary. Learning of their mother's plight, Alice and Barry agreed with each other in a s... | [
"Yes, because Alice's remedy at law is inadequate. ",
"Yes, because Alice's burden of supporting her mother will be increased if Barry does not contribute his share. ",
"No, because a court will not grant specific performance of a promise to pay money. ",
"No, because Barry's breach of contract has caused no ... | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Mom owned Blackacre, a two-family apartment house on a small city lot not suitable for partition-in-kind. Upon Mom's death, her will devised Blackacre to "my sons, Joe and John." A week ago, Ken obtained a money judgment against Joe, and properly filed the judgment in the county where Blackacre is located. A statute in... | [
"all of Blackacre.",
"only a one-half interest in Blackacre.",
"all of the proceeds of sale of Blackacre.",
"only the portion of the proceeds of sale due Joe."
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Dora, who was eight years old, went to the grocery store with her mother. Dora pushed the grocery cart while her mother put items into it. Dora's mother remained near Dora at all times. Peterson, another customer in the store, noticed Dora pushing the cart in a manner that caused Peterson no concern. A short time later... | [
"a store owes no duty to its customers to control the use of its shopping carts.",
"a store owes no duty to its customers to control the conduct of other customers.",
"any negligence of the store was not the proximate cause of Peterson's injury.",
"a supervised child pushing a cart does not pose an unreasonab... | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Dora, who was eight years old, went to the grocery store with her mother. Dora pushed the grocery cart while her mother put items into it. Dora's mother remained near Dora at all times. Peterson, another customer in the store, noticed Dora pushing the cart in a manner that caused Peterson no concern. A short time later... | [
"Yes, if Dora was negligent. ",
"Yes, because Dora's mother is responsible for any harm caused by Dora. ",
"Yes, because Dora's mother assumed the risk of her child's actions. ",
"Yes, if Dora's mother did not adequately supervise Dora's actions. "
] | D | null | train | mmlu | |
Dora, who was eight years old, went to the grocery store with her mother. Dora pushed the grocery cart while her mother put items into it. Dora's mother remained near Dora at all times. Peterson, another customer in the store, noticed Dora pushing the cart in a manner that caused Peterson no concern. A short time later... | [
"Dora exercised care commensurate with her age, intelligence, and experience. ",
"Dora is not subject to tort liability.",
"Dora was subject to parental supervision.",
"Peterson assumed the risk that Dora might hit Peterson with the cart."
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Adam entered into a valid written contract to sell Blackacre, a large tract of land, to Betsy. At that time, Blackacre was owned by Adam's father, Fred; Adam had no title to Blackacre and was not the agent of Fred. After the contract was executed and before the scheduled closing date, Fred died intestate, leaving Adam ... | [
"nothing, because Adam had no authority to enter into the contract with Betsy. ",
"nothing, because the doctrine of afteracquired title does not apply to executory contracts. ",
"judgment for specific performance, because Adam acquired title prior to the scheduled closing. ",
"judgment for specific performanc... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
Dayton operates a collection agency. He was trying to collect a $400 bill for medical services rendered to Pratt by Doctor. Dayton went to Pratt's house and when Martina, Pratt's mother, answered the door, Dayton told Martina he was there to collect a bill owed by Pratt. Martina told Dayton that because of her illness,... | [
"Yes, if Pratt suffered severe emotional distress as a result of Dayton's conduct. ",
"Yes, unless the bill for medical services was valid and past due. ",
"No, unless Pratt suffered physical harm as a result of Dayton's conduct. ",
"No, if Dayton's conduct created no risk of physical harm to Pratt. "
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
Public schools in the state of Green are financed, in large part, by revenue derived from real estate taxes imposed by each school district on the taxable real property located in that district. Public schools also receive other revenue from private gifts, federal grants, student fees, and local sales taxes. For many y... | [
"Because classifications based on wealth are inherently suspect, the state must demonstrate that the statutory formula is necessary to vindicate a compelling state interest. ",
"Because the statutory funding formula burdens the fundamental right to education, the state must demonstrate that the formula is necessa... | C | null | train | mmlu | |
A car driven by Dan entered land owned by and in the possession of Peter, without Peter's permission. Which, if any, of the following allegations, without additional facts, would provide a sufficient basis for a claim by Peter against Dan? I. Dan intentionally drove his car onto Peter's land. II. Dan negligently drove ... | [
"I only.",
"III only.",
"I, II, or III. ",
"Neither I, nor II, nor III. "
] | A | null | train | mmlu | |
In which of the following cases is Morrow most likely to be convicted if she is charged with receiving stolen property? | [
"Morrow bought a car from Aster, who operates a used car lot. Before the purchase, Aster told Morrow that the car had been stolen, which was true. Unknown to Morrow, Aster is an undercover police agent who is operating the lot in cooperation with the police in exchange for leniency in connection with criminal charg... | B | null | train | mmlu |
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