question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deserts and forests are examples of what type of biome? | [
"abundant",
"terrestrial",
"acquatic",
"freshwater"
] | B | Terrestrial biomes , which are land-based, such as deserts and forests. | train | sciq | null |
Lampreys use their sucker to feed on what part of other fish species? | [
"brain",
"liver",
"blood",
"heart"
] | C | Viruses are classified on the basis of several traits. For example, they may be classified by capsid shape, presence or absence of an envelope, and type of nucleic acid. Most systems of classifying viruses identify at least 20 virus families. Table below shows four examples of virus families and their traits. Have any ... | train | sciq | null |
Nonflowering vascular plants have how many basic types of leaves? | [
"three",
"four",
"five",
"one"
] | A | Leaves may vary in size, shape, and their arrangement on stems. Nonflowering vascular plants have three basic types of leaves: microphylls (“tiny leaves”), fronds , and needles . Figure below describes each type. | train | sciq | null |
Somatosensation includes all sensation received from the skin and mucous membranes, as well as from these? | [
"five senses",
"limbs and joints",
"organs",
"glial cells"
] | B | 36.2 Somatosensation Somatosensation includes all sensation received from the skin and mucous membranes, as well as from the limbs and joints. Somatosensation occurs all over the exterior of the body and at some interior locations as well, and a variety of receptor types, embedded in the skin and mucous membranes, play... | train | sciq | null |
What is the only class of animals that has hair? | [
"birds",
"mammals",
"amphibians",
"reptiles"
] | B | Only mammals have hair. Hair is a fiber made mainly of the tough protein keratin. The cells of each hair are filled with keratin and no longer alive. The dead cells overlap each other, almost like shingles on a roof. They work like shingles as well, by helping shed water from hair. | train | sciq | null |
What is the muscular organ that nourishes and supports the growing embryo? | [
"ovary",
"fallopian tube",
"stomach",
"uterus"
] | D | The Uterus and Cervix The uterus is the muscular organ that nourishes and supports the growing embryo (see Figure 27.14). Its average size is approximately 5 cm wide by 7 cm long (approximately 2 in by 3 in) when a female is not pregnant. It has three sections. The portion of the uterus superior to the opening of the u... | train | sciq | null |
The smallest cyclic ether is called what? | [
"peroxidase",
"quark",
"aldehyde",
"epoxide"
] | D | The smallest cyclic ether is called an epoxide. Draw its structure. | train | sciq | null |
Dialysis is a medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration. when kidney function fails, dialysis must be done to artificially rid the body of this? | [
"mucus and phloem",
"waste and fluids",
"bile juices",
"calories"
] | B | Dialysis Technician Dialysis is a medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration. When kidney function fails, dialysis must be done to artificially rid the body of wastes and fluids. This is a vital process to keep patients alive. In some cases, the patients undergo ... | train | sciq | null |
What is the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment? | [
"ecology",
"scientology",
"biology",
"geology"
] | A | Ecology is the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment. | train | sciq | null |
What is a continuous flow of electric charge called? | [
"electric current",
"powered current",
"microwave current",
"magnetism"
] | A | Electric current is a continuous flow of electric charge. It is measured in amperes (A). Direct current (DC) flows in just one direction. Alternating current (AC) keeps reversing direction. | train | sciq | null |
How many years can dissolved carbon be stored in the deep ocean? | [
"hundreds",
"unknown",
"tens",
"thousands"
] | D | Water erosion by runoff, rivers, and streams dissolves carbon in rocks and carries it to the ocean. Ocean water near the surface dissolves carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Dissolved carbon may be stored in the deep ocean for thousands of years. | train | sciq | null |
What effect causes winds and currents to form circular patterns? | [
"coriolis effect",
"horse latitudes",
"jet stream",
"centrifugal effect"
] | A | The Coriolis effect causes winds and currents to form circular patterns. The direction that they spin depends on the hemisphere that they are in. | train | sciq | null |
What type of sunlight inhibits vertical growth in a plant? | [
"indirect",
"infrared",
"reduced",
"direct"
] | D | train | sciq | null | |
Why does ice wedging occur? | [
"water freezes",
"water expands",
"water evaporates",
"water melts"
] | B | Ice wedging happens because water expands as it goes from liquid to solid. When the temperature is warm, water works its way into cracks in rock. When the temperature cools below freezing, the water turns to ice and expands. The ice takes up more space. Over time, this wedges the rock apart. Ice wedging is very effecti... | train | sciq | null |
Are humans a new or old species on the earth? | [
"old",
"new",
"extinct",
"primal"
] | B | This timeline shows the history of life on Earth. In the entire span of the time, humans are a relatively new addition. | train | sciq | null |
What kind of surface would cause diffusion when light is reflected off of it? | [
"hot surfaces",
"smooth surfaces",
"cold surfaces",
"rough surfaces"
] | D | The angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. A mirror has a smooth surface and reflects light at specific angles. Light is diffused when it reflects from a rough surface. Mirror images can be photographed and videotaped by instruments. | train | sciq | null |
What are plants called that grow where you don't want them? | [
"grasses",
"shrubs",
"reeds",
"weeds"
] | D | We obviously can’t live without plants, but sometimes they cause us problems. Many plants are weeds. Weeds are plants that grow where people don’t want them, such as gardens and lawns. They take up space and use resources, hindering the growth of more desirable plants. People often introduce plants to new habitats wher... | train | sciq | null |
Who proposed that everything in the universe exerts a force of attraction on everything else? | [
"wilson",
"einstein",
"newton",
"bell"
] | C | Giant steps in science may occur if a scientist introduces a major new idea. For example, in 1666, Isaac Newton introduced the idea that gravity is universal. People had long known that things fall to the ground because they are attracted by Earth. But Newton proposed that everything in the universe exerts a force of a... | train | sciq | null |
Living organisms are comprised of organic compounds, which are molecules built around what element? | [
"oxygen",
"helium",
"carbon",
"silicon"
] | C | Living organisms are comprised of organic compounds, molecules built around the element carbon. | train | sciq | null |
Which mineral do native americans use to decorate items? | [
"Amethyst",
"Topaz",
"turquoise",
"Tanzanite"
] | C | Some minerals are valuable simply because they are beautiful. Jade has been used for thousands of years in China. Native Americans have been decorating items with turquoise since ancient times. Minerals like jade, turquoise, diamonds, and emeralds are gemstones. A gemstone is a material that is cut and polished to use ... | train | sciq | null |
Glycolysis oxidizes glucose to two molecules of pyruvate? | [
"N/A - see below",
"glucose",
"N/A - see below",
"N/A - see below"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
What's the most common disorder from having an extra chromosome? | [
"cri-du-chat syndrome",
"Williams syndrome",
"down syndrome",
"Turner syndrome"
] | C | One common example of an extra-chromosome disorder is Down syndrome ( Figure below ). Children with Down syndrome are mentally disabled and also have physical deformities. Down syndrome occurs when a baby receives an extra chromosome 21 from one of his or her parents. Usually, a child will receive one chromosome 21 fro... | train | sciq | null |
What type of respiration does not use oxygen? | [
"oxidation",
"fermentation",
"condensation",
"cellular"
] | B | Fermented Foods. Fermentation is a type of respiration that doesn’t use oxygen. Fermentation by bacteria is used in brewing and baking. It is also used to make the foods pictured here. | train | sciq | null |
Besides depth soundings, what else are bathymetric maps made of? | [
"density measures",
"solar data",
"intensity data",
"sonar data"
] | D | Bathymetric maps are made from depth soundings or sonar data. They help oceanographers understand the shape of bottoms of lakes, bays, and the ocean. This information also helps boaters navigate safely. | train | sciq | null |
A cell with two sets of chromosomes is called a? | [
"biploid",
"diploid",
"haploid",
"chloroplasts"
] | B | A cell with two sets of chromosomes is diploid , referred to as 2n , where n is the number of sets of chromosomes. Most of the cells in a human body are diploid. A cell with one set of chromosomes, such as a gamete, is haploid , referred to as n . Sex cells are haploid. When a haploid sperm ( n ) and a haploid egg ( n ... | train | sciq | null |
On the ventral side of the embryonic disc, opposite the amnion, cells in the lower layer of the embryonic disk (the hypoblast) extend into the blastocyst cavity and form this? | [
"neural sac",
"algae sac",
"yolk sac",
"embryo sac"
] | C | On the ventral side of the embryonic disc, opposite the amnion, cells in the lower layer of the embryonic disk (the hypoblast) extend into the blastocyst cavity and form a yolk sac. The yolk sac supplies some nutrients absorbed from the trophoblast and also provides primitive blood circulation to the developing embryo ... | train | sciq | null |
Pairs of fish that do not practice broadcast what may exhibit courtship behavior? | [
"feeding",
"migration",
"inheritance",
"spawning"
] | D | Vinegar is primarily an aqueous solution of acetic acid. Commercial vinegar typically contains 5.0 g of acetic acid in 95.0 g of water. What is the concentration of commercial vinegar? If only 3.1% of the acetic acid −. | train | sciq | null |
The van allen radiation belts are two regions in which energetic charged particles are trapped in earth’s what? | [
"ionosphere",
"magnetic field",
"cloud cover",
"gravitational field"
] | B | Figure 22.24 The Van Allen radiation belts are two regions in which energetic charged particles are trapped in the Earth’s magnetic field. One belt lies about 300 km above the Earth’s surface, the other about 16,000 km. Charged particles in these belts migrate along magnetic field lines and are partially reflected away... | train | sciq | null |
What is the lowest level of organism that can perform all activities required for life? | [
"atom",
"system",
"nucleus",
"cell"
] | D | train | sciq | null | |
What umbrella term describes small structures that exist within cells and perform specialized functions? | [
"macromolecules",
"atoms",
"organelles",
"organisms"
] | C | To see an animation of this DNA molecule, click here (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/rotating_DNA2) . Some cells contain aggregates of macromolecules surrounded by membranes; these are called organelles. Organelles are small structures that exist within cells and perform specialized functions. All living things are made... | train | sciq | null |
What is the continental margin made of? | [
"continental crust",
"boundary crust",
"continental drift",
"pangea"
] | A | continental margin : The transition from the land to the deep sea. The continental margin is made of continental crust. More than one-quarter of the ocean basin is continental margin. | train | sciq | null |
What happens to gas solubility as the temperature increases? | [
"increases",
"stabilizes",
"fluctuates rapidly",
"decreases"
] | D | Gas solubility decreases as the temperature increases. | train | sciq | null |
What forms when a glacier scrapes a large hole in the ground? | [
"glacial lake",
"drift lake",
"melting lake",
"frozen lake"
] | A | The depression that allows water to collect to form a lake may come about in a variety of ways. The Great Lakes, for example, are glacial lakes. A glacial lake forms when a glacier scrapes a large hole in the ground. When the glacier melts, the water fills the hole and forms a lake. Over time, water enters the lake fro... | train | sciq | null |
What branch of science holds hope for developing crops with genes that help them withstand harsh conditions? | [
"chemistry",
"physics",
"physiology",
"biotechnology"
] | D | Biotechnology will allow the development of crops containing genes that will help them to withstand harsh conditions. For example, drought and salty soil are two significant factors affecting how well crops grow. But there are crops that can withstand these harsh conditions. Why? Probably because of that plant's geneti... | train | sciq | null |
In eukaryotic cells, where is the dna kept? | [
"cytoplasm",
"epidermis",
"mitochondria",
"nucleus"
] | D | In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is kept in the nucleus. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope. Within the nucleus is the nucleolus. | train | sciq | null |
What is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object occupies? | [
"power",
"density",
"mass",
"volume"
] | D | Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object takes up. The basic SI unit for volume is the cubic meter (m 3 ), but smaller volumes may be measured in cm 3 , and liquids may be measured in liters (L) or milliliters (mL). How the volume of matter is measured depends on its state. | train | sciq | null |
What nucleic acid stores the genetic information? | [
"dna",
"Ribosomes",
"Nucleus",
"molecule"
] | A | Nucleic acids are large polymers formed by linking nucleotides together and are found in every cell. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the nucleic acid that stores genetic information. If all the DNA in a typical mammalian cell were stretched out end to end, it would extend more than 2 m. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is the nuc... | train | sciq | null |
Molds growing on foods are a common type of what organisms that play very important roles in almost every terrestrial ecosystem on earth? | [
"pollen",
"mildew",
"yeast",
"fungi"
] | D | Do you see the organisms growing on the bread in the Figure below ? They belong to the Kingdom Fungi . Molds growing on foods are some of the most common fungi in our everyday lives. These organisms may seem useless, gross, and costly. But fungi play very important roles in almost every terrestrial ecosystem on Earth. | train | sciq | null |
What of a electromagnetic wave can be calculated using the wave equation due to their speed always being constant? | [
"frequency",
"sound",
"oscillation",
"resonance"
] | A | Green light has a higher frequency than microwaves. It is possible to calculate it, but since the speed of an electromagnetic wave is constant we know that waves with higher wavelengths must have a lower frequency based on the wave equation. | train | sciq | null |
Because of the wave character of matter, the idea of well-defined orbits gives way to a model in which there is a cloud of what? | [
"chaos",
"mutation",
"probability",
"particles"
] | C | Because of the wave character of matter, the idea of well-defined orbits gives way to a model in which there is a cloud of probability, consistent with Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Figure 30.48 shows how this applies to the ground state of hydrogen. If you try to follow the electron in some well-defined orbit us... | train | sciq | null |
Metabolism is controlled by regulation of what? | [
"cell activity",
"sequence activity",
"nucleus activity",
"enzyme activity"
] | D | 8.5 Regulation of enzyme activity helps control metabolism. | train | sciq | null |
A catalytic converter filters pollutants in exhaust created by burning what before releasing it into the air? | [
"fossil fuels",
"noble gas",
"fossil compounds",
"carbon dioxide"
] | A | Some of the pollutants from fossil fuels can be filtered out of exhaust before it is released into the air. Other pollutants can be changed to harmless compounds before they are released. Two widely used technologies are scrubbers and catalytic converters. | train | sciq | null |
What are the two components of the ecf? | [
"polymer and if",
"plasma and if",
"solids and if",
"proteins and if"
] | B | Composition of Body Fluids The compositions of the two components of the ECF—plasma and IF—are more similar to each other than either is to the ICF (Figure 26.5). Blood plasma has high concentrations of sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, and protein. The IF has high concentrations of sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate, but ... | train | sciq | null |
A quarry, which produces rocks and minerals used to make buildings and roads, is an example of what type of mine? | [
"strip mine",
"open-pit mine",
"gold mine",
"fracking"
] | B | As the name suggests, open-pit mining creates a big pit from which the ore is mined. Figure below shows an open-pit diamond mine in Russia. The size of the pit grows as long as the miners can make a profit. Strip mines are similar to open-pit mines, but the ore is removed in large strips. A quarry is a type of open-pit... | train | sciq | null |
Along with other organelles, all eukaryotic cells possess what structure? | [
"chromosomes",
"nucleus",
"flagella",
"cell walls"
] | B | All eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other organelles. Each organelle has a special job to do. | train | sciq | null |
The environment where most chemical reactions in organisms takes place consists mostly of what? | [
"water",
"sodium",
"air",
"helium"
] | A | Most chemical reactions in organisms take place in an environment that is mostly water. | train | sciq | null |
The main functions of epithelia are protection from the environment, coverage, secretion and excretion, absorption, and this? | [
"absorption",
"diffusion",
"filtration",
"accumulation"
] | C | 4.2 Epithelial Tissue In epithelial tissue, cells are closely packed with little or no extracellular matrix except for the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from underlying tissue. The main functions of epithelia are protection from the environment, coverage, secretion and excretion, absorption, and filtration... | train | sciq | null |
What term is defined as the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived during earlier ages? | [
"deposits",
"waste",
"fossils",
"bones"
] | C | Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived long ago. They form mainly when minerals in water turn remains to stone. Fossils can be dated using methods such as carbon-14 dating or their positions in rock layers. | train | sciq | null |
What rigid external structure protects shellfish and other animals and provides points of attachment for the muscles that move the appendages? | [
"exoskeleton",
"claw",
"cocoon",
"membrane"
] | A | train | sciq | null | |
The electronic components in electronic devices, used to transmit and change electricity are made of? | [
"inverters",
"microchips",
"semiconductors",
"resistors"
] | C | Electronic components are the parts used in electronic devices such as computers. The components transmit and change electric current. They are made of materials called semiconductors. | train | sciq | null |
Vaccinations are designed to boost immunity to a virus to prevent this? | [
"mutation",
"infection",
"pathogen",
"reproduction"
] | B | Figure 21.14 Vaccinations are designed to boost immunity to a virus to prevent infection. (credit: USACE Europe District). | train | sciq | null |
How many sets of chromosomes do gametes contain? | [
"eight",
"single",
"four",
"twelve"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
What is the term for the energy of motion, which is exhibited by the speed of an object? | [
"mechanical energy",
"residual energy",
"kinetic energy",
"inertia"
] | C | The energy of motion is kinetic energy, KE. Whenever an object is in motion it has kinetic energy. The faster it is going, the more energy it has. | train | sciq | null |
Soil that forms in place over a very long period is called what? | [
"resultant soil",
"antique soil",
"leakage soil",
"residual soil"
] | D | A soil is a residual soil when it forms in place. Only about one third of the soils in the United States form this way. The material comes from the underlying bedrock. Residual soils form over many years since it takes a long time for solid rock to become soil. First, cracks break up the bedrock. This may happen due to... | train | sciq | null |
Alpha and beta decay occur when a nucleus has too many protons or an unstable ratio of what? | [
"nucleus to neutrons",
"protons to neutrons",
"atoms to neutrons",
"electrons to neutrons"
] | B | Alpha and beta decay occur when a nucleus has too many protons or an unstable ratio of protons to neutrons. When the nucleus emits a particle, it gains or loses one or two protons, so the atom becomes a different element. Gamma decay, in contrast, occurs when a nucleus is in an excited state and has too much energy to ... | train | sciq | null |
What do you call an abnormal mass of cells that is dividing improperly? | [
"appendages",
"tumor",
"bumps",
"molars"
] | B | Cells that divide uncontrollably may form a tumor , or abnormal mass of cells. Tumors may be benign or malignant. Benign tumors remain localized and generally do not harm health. Malignant tumors are cancerous. There are no limits to their growth, so they can invade and damage neighboring tissues. Cells from malignant ... | train | sciq | null |
What is an example of a biochemical lipid that contributes to weight gain? | [
"acids",
"fats",
"sugars",
"proteins"
] | B | You’ve probably seen dozens of nutrition facts labels like the one in the opening image. The labels show the nutrients that foods contain. Many people read nutrition facts labels to see how much fat there is in particular foods. That’s because eating too much fat, especially saturated fat, can be unhealthy and contribu... | train | sciq | null |
The rate that energy is released is known as | [
"pressure",
"power",
"heat",
"flow"
] | B | Power is the rate that energy is released. The units for power are watts (W), which equal joules per second . For example, a 60 W light bulb transforms 60 joules of electrical energy into light and heat energy every second. | train | sciq | null |
A low level of radiation occurs naturally in the environment and is called what? | [
"Beta radiation",
"Gamma radiation",
"Alpha radiation",
"background radiation"
] | D | A low level of radiation occurs naturally in the environment. This is called background radiation. One source of background radiation is rocks, which may contain small amounts of radioactive elements such as uranium. Another source is cosmic rays. These are charged particles that arrive on Earth from outer space. Backg... | train | sciq | null |
Most of the heat that enters the mesosphere comes from where? | [
"Earth's surface",
"Troposphere",
"the stratosphere",
"Exosphere"
] | C | There are very few gas molecules in the mesosphere. This means that there is little matter to absorb the Sun’s rays and heat the air. Most of the heat that enters the mesosphere comes from the stratosphere below. That’s why the mesosphere is warmest at the bottom. | train | sciq | null |
What is the natural movement called within your intestines? | [
"fibroblasts",
"progress",
"proteolysis",
"peristalsis"
] | D | When most of the chyme has been absorbed, the small intestinal wall becomes less distended. At this point, the localized segmentation process is replaced by transport movements. The duodenal mucosa secretes the hormone motilin, which initiates peristalsis in the form of a migrating motility complex. These complexes, wh... | train | sciq | null |
What does the stomach produce to help digest food? | [
"hydrochloric acid",
"amino acid",
"lactic acid",
"acetic acid"
] | A | Neural Responses to Food In reaction to the smell, sight, or thought of food, like that shown in Figure 34.20, the first response is that of salivation. The salivary glands secrete more saliva in response to stimulation by the autonomic nervous system triggered by food in preparation for digestion. Simultaneously, the ... | train | sciq | null |
What type of plants have vascular tissue but do not have seeds? | [
"ofen vascular plants",
"starchy vascular plants",
"rocky vascular plants",
"seedless vascular plants"
] | D | Seedless vascular plants have vascular tissue but do not have seeds. | train | sciq | null |
After ovulation occurs, the moving “fingers” of what nearby structure sweep the egg into its tube? | [
"vertebral tube",
"nadiad tube",
"androgenen tube",
"fallopian tube"
] | D | After ovulation occurs, the moving “fingers” of the nearby fallopian tube sweep the egg into the tube. Fertilization may occur if sperm reach the egg while it is passing through the fallopian tube. If this happens, the egg finally completes meiosis. This results in two daughter cells that differ in size. The smaller ce... | train | sciq | null |
Alterations that change chromosome structure are known as? | [
"traits",
"lesions",
"mutations",
"deformities"
] | C | Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure. | train | sciq | null |
Membranes will become increasingly what as temperatures rise? | [
"fluid",
"toxic",
"metallic",
"acidic"
] | A | train | sciq | null | |
Catabolism and anabolism are the two types of what? | [
"heart rate",
"calcium",
"cells",
"metabolism"
] | D | 20.8 End-of-Chapter Material Chapter Summary To ensure that you understand the material in this chapter, you should review the meanings of the bold terms in the following summary and ask yourself how they relate to the topics in the chapter. Metabolism is the general term for all chemical reactions in living organisms.... | train | sciq | null |
What types of incest behaviors are controlled by genes? | [
"psychological behaviors like flying and mating",
"byproduct behaviors like flying and mating",
"instinctive behaviors like flying and mating",
"physical behaviors like flying and mating"
] | C | Insects are capable of a surprising range of behaviors. Most of their behaviors, such as flying and mating, are instinctive. These are behaviors that don’t need to be learned. They are largely controlled by genes. However, some insect behaviors are learned. For example, ants and bees can learn where food is located and... | train | sciq | null |
What term describes a specific statement that is thought to be never violated by the entire natural universe? | [
"theory",
"evidence",
"hypothesis",
"scientific law"
] | D | A scientific law is a specific statement that is thought to be never violated by the entire natural universe. Everyday laws are arbitrary limits that society puts on its members. | train | sciq | null |
When do female reproductive organs mature? | [
"at birth",
"at menopause",
"at puberty",
"periomenopause"
] | C | Female reproductive organs form before birth. However, they do not mature until puberty. | train | sciq | null |
What are the extremely small particles that comprise all matter? | [
"protons",
"ions",
"atoms",
"electrons"
] | C | All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. | train | sciq | null |
What are the two basic types of combustion engines? | [
"external and internal combustion engines",
"diesel and internal combustion",
"gas and steam",
"spark and steam"
] | A | A combustion engine is a complex machine that burns fuel to produce thermal energy and then uses the energy to do work. Two basic types of combustion engines are external and internal combustion engines. | train | sciq | null |
Plasmodesmata passes through what part of plants? | [
"cell ridges",
"cell walls",
"cytoplasm",
"nucleus"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
What element has an atomic number of 6? | [
"carbon",
"silicon",
"hydrogen",
"oxygen"
] | A | numbers have the same value on both sides, the mass number of the daughter isotope must be 12, and its atomic number must be 6. The element having an atomic number of 6 is carbon. Thus the complete nuclear equation is as follows:. | train | sciq | null |
What common sea creature can be both awake and asleep at the same time? | [
"reefs",
"Whales",
"dolphins",
"sharks"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
What is the second stage of cellular respiration? | [
"duocycle",
"marr cycle",
"beatnik cycle",
"krebs cycle"
] | D | The pyruvate molecules from glycolysis next enter the matrix of a mitochondrion. That's where the second stage of cellular respiration takes place. This stage is called the Krebs cycle . During this stage, two more molecules of ATP are produced. Other energy-storing molecules are also produced (to be used to make more ... | train | sciq | null |
As a battery is depleted what happens to its internal resistance? | [
"reduces",
"changes",
"increases",
"stagnates"
] | C | The internal resistance r can behave in complex ways. As noted, r increases as a battery is depleted. But internal resistance may also depend on the magnitude and direction of the current through a voltage source, its temperature, and even its history. The internal resistance of rechargeable nickel-cadmium cells, for e... | train | sciq | null |
What is a condition where plants are grown in mineral solutions without soil called? | [
"hydroponics",
"hydrozone",
"climate zone",
"biosphere"
] | A | train | sciq | null | |
What is the scientific name for the human species? | [
"homo erectus",
"Neanderthal",
"homo sapiens",
"primate"
] | C | The human species evolved during the Cenozoic Era. The scientific name of the human species is Homo sapiens. | train | sciq | null |
Snippet 3: the diploid cells resulting from karyogamy are short-lived and undergo meiosis, producing what? | [
"hyperactive spores",
"haploid spores",
"binary spores",
"stunted spores"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
Average speed is equal to distance divided by what? | [
"magnitude",
"height",
"weight",
"time"
] | D | Average speed is distance divided by time. | train | sciq | null |
When a supercooled liquid boils, the temperature drops as the liquid is converted to what? | [
"atoms",
"vapor",
"solid",
"carbon"
] | B | A superheated liquid exists temporarily as liquid with a temperature above the normal boiling point of the liquid. When a supercooled liquid boils, the temperature drops as the liquid is converted to vapor. Conversely, a supercooled liquid exists temporarily as a liquid with a temperature lower than the normal melting ... | train | sciq | null |
What process produces four haploid daughter cells, each genetically unique? | [
"mitosis",
"budding",
"meiosis",
"electrolysis"
] | C | Mitosis vs. Meiosis Comparison. Mitosis produces two diploid daughter cells, genetically identical to the parent cell. Meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells, each genetically unique. See How Cells Divide: Mitosis vs. Meiosis at http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/nova/miracle/divide. html for an animation comparing the tw... | train | sciq | null |
What is root that does not arise from a usual place? | [
"adventitious",
"momentous",
"hypochlorous",
"monomers"
] | A | the radicle is also growing and producing the primary root. As it grows downward to form the tap root, lateral roots branch off to all sides, producing the typical dicot tap root system. In monocot seeds (Figure 32.21), the testa and tegmen of the seed coat are fused. As the seed germinates, the primary root emerges, p... | train | sciq | null |
In which period of the periodic table is nickel found? | [
"fourth period",
"Second Period",
"First Period",
"Third Period"
] | A | The period to which a given element belongs can easily be determined from its electron configuration. For example, consider the element nickel (Ni). Its electron configuration is [Ar]3 d 8 4 s 2 . The highest occupied principal energy level is the fourth, indicated by the 4 in the 4 s 2 portion of the configuration. Th... | train | sciq | null |
What serves as the control center of the nervous system? | [
"spine",
"heart",
"brain",
"bone"
] | C | The brain serves as the control center of the nervous system and the body as a whole. It lets us understand what we see, hear, or sense in other ways. It allows us to learn, think, remember, and use language. It controls all the organs and muscles in our body. | train | sciq | null |
What is the name for the term that describes deep ocean water rising the surface? | [
"up-rising",
"leaking",
"upwelling",
"percolating"
] | C | Sometimes deep ocean water rises to the surface. This is called upwelling . Figure below shows why it happens. Strong winds blow surface water away from shore. This allows deeper water to flow to the surface and take its place. | train | sciq | null |
What is the measure for how fast or slow something moves? | [
"momentum",
"kinetic energy",
"speed",
"inertia"
] | C | Speed is an important aspect of motion. It is a measure of how fast or slow something moves. It depends on how far something travels and how long it takes to travel that far. Speed can be calculated using this general formula:. | train | sciq | null |
What is the term for the decayed remains of living organisms? | [
"intermediate material",
"necrosis",
"waste",
"humus"
] | D | Humus is the decayed remains of living organisms. Humus makes soil fertile. | train | sciq | null |
What happens when materials return to their original shape? | [
"elastic rebound",
"second life",
"reverberation",
"restoration principle"
] | A | Elastic rebound occurs when materials return to their original shape. | train | sciq | null |
Dna segments cross over to form what kind of chromosome? | [
"resistant",
"mutated",
"recombinant",
"autosome"
] | C | Located at intervals along the synaptonemal complex are large protein assemblies called recombination nodules. These assemblies mark the points of later chiasmata and mediate the multistep process of crossover—or genetic recombination—between the non-sister chromatids. Near the recombination nodule on each chromatid, t... | train | sciq | null |
Typically hard, high-melting solids that conduct heat and electricity well, the transition elements have many properties in common with other what? | [
"organics",
"deposits",
"metals",
"oils"
] | C | The transition elements have many properties in common with other metals. They are almost all hard, high-melting solids that conduct heat and electricity well. They readily form alloys and lose electrons to form stable cations. In addition, transition metals form a wide variety of stable coordination compounds, in whic... | train | sciq | null |
Programmed cell death, which goes by what term, is important for removing damaged or unnecessary cells? | [
"synthesis",
"mytosis",
"apoptosis",
"mutations"
] | C | 9.3 Response to the Signal The initiation of a signaling pathway is a response to external stimuli. This response can take many different forms, including protein synthesis, a change in the cell’s metabolism, cell growth, or even cell death. Many pathways influence the cell by initiating gene expression, and the method... | train | sciq | null |
What elements do mafic minerals typically include? | [
"iodine and magnesium",
"iron and magnesium",
"sodium and magnesium",
"xerophyte and magnesium"
] | B | First, notice where carbon is fixed by the enzyme Rubisco. In C-3, C-4, and CAM plants, CO 2 enters the cycle by joining with 5-carbon ribulose bisphosphate to form a 6-carbon intermediate, which splits (so quickly that it isn’t even shown) into two 3-carbon 3-phosphoglycerate molecules. Now look for the points at whic... | train | sciq | null |
During what time period did poor air quality become a problem? | [
"coal industry boom",
"second world war",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"industrial revolution"
] | D | Poor air quality started to become a serious problem after the Industrial Revolution. The machines in factories burned coal. This released a lot of pollutants into the air. After 1900, motor vehicles became common. Cars and trucks burn gasoline, which adds greatly to air pollution. | train | sciq | null |
All living organisms must have what ability, in order to make more organisms like themselves? | [
"cloning",
"absorption",
"variation",
"reproduction"
] | D | All living organisms must have the ability to reproduce. Living things make more organisms like themselves. Whether the organism is a rabbit, or a tree, or a bacterium, life will create more life. If a species cannot create the next generation, the species will go extinct. Reproduction is the process of making the next... | train | sciq | null |
If a solute is a gas, increasing the temperature will do what? | [
"decrease its solubility",
"change to liquid",
"have no effect",
"increase its solubility"
] | A | If a solute is a gas, increasing the temperature decreases its solubility. For example, less carbon dioxide can dissolve in warm ocean water than in cold ocean water. | train | sciq | null |
The fetus becoming relatively large and mature before birth increases the chances of what? | [
"intelligence",
"disease",
"mutations",
"survival"
] | D | The placenta permits a long period of fetal growth. As a result, the fetus can become relatively large and mature before birth. This increases its chances of survival. On the other hand, supporting a growing fetus may be difficult for the mother. She has to eat more while pregnant and may become less mobile as the fetu... | train | sciq | null |
What item starts puberty in girls? | [
"the ovary",
"the thyroid",
"the hypothalamus",
"the uterus"
] | C | Puberty in girls starts when the hypothalamus “tells” the pituitary gland to secrete hormones that target the ovaries. Two pituitary hormones are involved: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) . These hormones stimulate the ovary to produce estrogen . Estrogen, in turn, promotes growth and ot... | train | sciq | null |
Protein digestion begins in the stomach as pepsinogen in gastric juice is converted to pepsin, the enzyme that hydrolyzes this? | [
"peptide bonds",
"disulfide bridges",
"hydrogen bonds",
"ionic bonds"
] | A | The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth as α-amylase breaks glycosidic linkages in carbohydrate molecules. Essentially no carbohydrate digestion occurs in the stomach, and food particles pass through to the small intestine, where α-amylase and intestinal enzymes convert complex carbohydrate molecules (starch... | train | sciq | null |
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