Wfiles/arc_challenge · Datasets at Hugging Face

question stringlengths 17 586	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 4 values	split stringclasses 1 value	rationale null	source_dataset stringclasses 1 value
Which is the first step in a design process?	[ "Revise the solution.", "Describe the problem.", "Test the possible solutions.", "Identify possible solutions." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What type of chemical reaction occurs when the body breaks down fats and sugars that supply it with energy?	[ "endothermic", "exothermic", "electrical", "physical" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Intense heat and pressure in Earth's crust can change sandstone into quartzite. During this metamorphosis, many properties of these rocks change. Which property of these rocks will most likely remain the same?	[ "mass", "volume", "crystal structure", "particle shape" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
How do decomposers obtain their food?	[ "hunting and killing prey for food", "changing carbon dioxide and water into food", "absorbing food from dead organisms", "producing food from oxygen and sunlight" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A ball on a cart is moving at a rate of 2 m/s. The cart suddenly stops and the ball continues to travel in the same direction at the same speed. This is an example of the	[ "law of gravity.", "first law of motion.", "second law of motion.", "third law of motion." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Why is it important to have a large sample size in an investigation?	[ "to be able to compare results", "to increase the validity of the data", "to form the best conclusion", "to ensure the procedure is followed" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Burt used a spoon to stir soup that was cooking on his stove. Which spoon will stay the coolest while he stirs?	[ "an iron spoon", "an aluminum spoon", "a wooden spoon", "a silver spoon" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which is a distinction between an epidemic and a pandemic?	[ "the symptoms of the disease", "the geographical area affected", "the species of organisms infected", "the season in which the disease spreads" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
When two bumper cars collide, some of the kinetic energy of the cars is transformed. Which form of energy is most likely formed as a result of this collision?	[ "electrical", "electromagnetic", "magnetic", "sound" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which statement describes all matter?	[ "All matter contains carbon.", "All matter contains oxygen.", "All matter is made up of cells.", "All matter is made up of atoms." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Carbon dioxide is removed from Earth's atmosphere by	[ "animal respiration.", "decaying organisms.", "plant photosynthesis.", "burning fossil fuels." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A water company uses lab tests on the water supply before sending the water through pipes to people's homes. How do these lab tests help people?	[ "by adding minerals and nutrients to the water", "by checking the water to make sure it is safe to drink", "by filtering chemicals and organisms out of the water", "by stopping harmful substances from entering the water" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What safety rule is most important for students to follow when working with acids and bases?	[ "wear nose plugs", "put on safety goggles", "put away all lab supplies", "wear heavy cloth gloves" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A person in a dark room looking through a window can clearly see a person outside in the daylight. But a person outside cannot see the person inside. Why does this happen?	[ "There is not enough light being reflected off the person in the room.", "Light rays cannot pass through a window twice.", "Outside light does not pass through windows.", "Sunlight is not as intense as other sources of light." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Many processes on Earth occur at or near tectonic plate boundaries. Which geological events are most common along tectonic plate boundaries?	[ "erosion and deposition", "hurricanes and tornadoes", "earthquakes and volcanoes", "tidal waves and sedimentation" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Two pool (billiard) balls collide, causing each to move in a different direction. Eventually, both come to a stop. The most important factor in causing them to stop is	[ "balance.", "friction.", "gravity.", "size." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of these provides the best evidence that the environment of Earth has changed over millions of years?	[ "active migration of sand dunes", "polished appearance of rock surfaces", "marine fossils found in mountains", "bones of animals found on the ground" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which physical characteristic do some organisms have that helps them survive in the Arctic?	[ "growing tall to hide in trees", "changing fur color to hide from predators", "developing large paws to protect themselves from the wind", "producing shallow root systems to protect themselves from the cold air" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of the following occurs during photosynthesis?	[ "CO2 is used to produce water.", "CO2 is absorbed by mitochondria.", "CO2 and H2O are converted to carbohydrates.", "CO2 and H2O are combined into carbonic acid." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A common characteristic of all living things is that they	[ "breathe air.", "walk upright.", "are made of cells.", "use sunlight for growth." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In the solar system, moons orbit planets. Which of these do planets orbit?	[ "the Sun", "Halley's comet", "the asteroid belt", "a black hole" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Visible light is which type of wave?	[ "seismic", "mechanical", "longitudinal", "electromagnetic" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In some national parks, controlled fires are maintained by firefighters. Which of these is one of the major reasons for using controlled burns to maintain certain ecosystems?	[ "to give nonnative plants a chance to colonize the region", "to prevent the spread of pests that cause damage to plants", "to replace matured plants with saplings of the same species", "to rid the forest floor of accumulated deadwood and brush" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of the following actions is most likely part of a test to find the hardness of a mineral sample?	[ "heating the sample on a hot plate", "scratching the sample with a nail", "hitting the sample with a hammer", "shining a bright light on the sample" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In Costa Rica a small tree, the acacia, provides shelter and food for ants. The ants protect the acacia by removing other insects and vines that might harm it. Which term best describes the relationship between the acacia and the ants?	[ "competition", "mutualism", "parasitism", "predation" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A car skids along the road and smoke appears to be coming from under the tires. The heat that produces the smoke is caused by	[ "magnetism", "sound", "light", "friction" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A glacier sometimes leaves behind large chunks of ice. What is left in the ground when these chunks of ice melt?	[ "a valley", "a kettle", "a crater", "a sinkhole" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A student uses a high-efficiency gasoline lawnmower to cut grass. The term "high efficiency" is used to indicate that the lawnmower	[ "cuts better than other lawnmowers.", "is easier to use than other lawnmowers.", "uses less energy than other lawnmowers.", "requires more fuel than other lawnmowers." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which example would result in new cells that are most different from the parent cells?	[ "yeast cells splitting into new cells", "bacteria cells dividing into new cells", "skin cells dividing to produce more skin cells", "sperm and egg cells uniting to produce fertilized egg cells" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A dog gets the energy it needs to run from ___.	[ "the air", "the Sun", "food", "water" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Certain flowers will open for twelve hours and then close. Which stimulus do the flowers respond to when they open and then when they close for that time period?	[ "light levels", "moon phases", "seasonal temperatures", "carbon dioxide levels" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Smoking harms the body in many ways. It is most harmful to which organ?	[ "lung", "kidney", "liver", "stomach" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In 1609, Galileo Galilei used lenses to construct the first telescope. His telescope allowed him to observe many objects in space. His invention of the telescope and the data he gathered directly contributed to the understanding that	[ "Earth is the center of the universe.", "the planets revolve around the Sun.", "all stars eventually explode.", "the universe has many galaxies." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The energy obtained from food is measured in units called	[ "watts", "Calories", "degrees", "pounds" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which part of the body works closely with the digestive system to transport nutrients to the cells?	[ "lungs", "blood", "kidneys", "esophagus" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
An example of a learned behavior is	[ "driving a car", "having blue eyes", "shivering in the cold", "breathing air" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Iron oxides, such as rust, form when iron metal reacts with oxygen in the air. What are the chemical symbols for the two elements found in iron oxide?	[ "I and O", "Ir and O", "Fe and O", "Pb and O" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
When water evaporates from Earth's surface into the atmosphere, its molecules enter the gas state. What change in this gas causes molecules to condense into the small water droplets that form clouds?	[ "The mass is reduced.", "The volume is increased.", "The temperature is reduced.", "The pressure is increased." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which process directly adds carbon into the atmosphere?	[ "increasing plant populations", "decreasing animal populations", "burning fossil fuels", "forming sedimentary rock" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Scientists think that dolphins and whales may have evolved from a common ancestor. What evidence supports this hypothesis?	[ "They swim the same way.", "They eat the same food.", "They live in the same area of the ocean.", "They have similar anatomies." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A particular organism is able to survive in an environment due to a thick layer of fat beneath its skin. In which situation would the layer of fat most likely be a survival advantage?	[ "swimming in arctic waters", "eating large amounts of fish", "being preyed upon by other animals", "living in an environment with high temperatures" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which is the first step in a design process?

[ "Revise the solution.", "Describe the problem.", "Test the possible solutions.", "Identify possible solutions." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What type of chemical reaction occurs when the body breaks down fats and sugars that supply it with energy?

[ "endothermic", "exothermic", "electrical", "physical" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Intense heat and pressure in Earth's crust can change sandstone into quartzite. During this metamorphosis, many properties of these rocks change. Which property of these rocks will most likely remain the same?

[ "mass", "volume", "crystal structure", "particle shape" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

How do decomposers obtain their food?

[ "hunting and killing prey for food", "changing carbon dioxide and water into food", "absorbing food from dead organisms", "producing food from oxygen and sunlight" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A ball on a cart is moving at a rate of 2 m/s. The cart suddenly stops and the ball continues to travel in the same direction at the same speed. This is an example of the

[ "law of gravity.", "first law of motion.", "second law of motion.", "third law of motion." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Why is it important to have a large sample size in an investigation?

[ "to be able to compare results", "to increase the validity of the data", "to form the best conclusion", "to ensure the procedure is followed" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Burt used a spoon to stir soup that was cooking on his stove. Which spoon will stay the coolest while he stirs?

[ "an iron spoon", "an aluminum spoon", "a wooden spoon", "a silver spoon" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which is a distinction between an epidemic and a pandemic?

[ "the symptoms of the disease", "the geographical area affected", "the species of organisms infected", "the season in which the disease spreads" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

When two bumper cars collide, some of the kinetic energy of the cars is transformed. Which form of energy is most likely formed as a result of this collision?

[ "electrical", "electromagnetic", "magnetic", "sound" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which statement describes all matter?

[ "All matter contains carbon.", "All matter contains oxygen.", "All matter is made up of cells.", "All matter is made up of atoms." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Carbon dioxide is removed from Earth's atmosphere by

[ "animal respiration.", "decaying organisms.", "plant photosynthesis.", "burning fossil fuels." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A water company uses lab tests on the water supply before sending the water through pipes to people's homes. How do these lab tests help people?

[ "by adding minerals and nutrients to the water", "by checking the water to make sure it is safe to drink", "by filtering chemicals and organisms out of the water", "by stopping harmful substances from entering the water" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What safety rule is most important for students to follow when working with acids and bases?

[ "wear nose plugs", "put on safety goggles", "put away all lab supplies", "wear heavy cloth gloves" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A person in a dark room looking through a window can clearly see a person outside in the daylight. But a person outside cannot see the person inside. Why does this happen?

[ "There is not enough light being reflected off the person in the room.", "Light rays cannot pass through a window twice.", "Outside light does not pass through windows.", "Sunlight is not as intense as other sources of light." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Many processes on Earth occur at or near tectonic plate boundaries. Which geological events are most common along tectonic plate boundaries?

[ "erosion and deposition", "hurricanes and tornadoes", "earthquakes and volcanoes", "tidal waves and sedimentation" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Two pool (billiard) balls collide, causing each to move in a different direction. Eventually, both come to a stop. The most important factor in causing them to stop is

[ "balance.", "friction.", "gravity.", "size." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of these provides the best evidence that the environment of Earth has changed over millions of years?

[ "active migration of sand dunes", "polished appearance of rock surfaces", "marine fossils found in mountains", "bones of animals found on the ground" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which physical characteristic do some organisms have that helps them survive in the Arctic?

[ "growing tall to hide in trees", "changing fur color to hide from predators", "developing large paws to protect themselves from the wind", "producing shallow root systems to protect themselves from the cold air" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of the following occurs during photosynthesis?

[ "CO2 is used to produce water.", "CO2 is absorbed by mitochondria.", "CO2 and H2O are converted to carbohydrates.", "CO2 and H2O are combined into carbonic acid." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A common characteristic of all living things is that they

[ "breathe air.", "walk upright.", "are made of cells.", "use sunlight for growth." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In the solar system, moons orbit planets. Which of these do planets orbit?

[ "the Sun", "Halley's comet", "the asteroid belt", "a black hole" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Visible light is which type of wave?

[ "seismic", "mechanical", "longitudinal", "electromagnetic" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In some national parks, controlled fires are maintained by firefighters. Which of these is one of the major reasons for using controlled burns to maintain certain ecosystems?

[ "to give nonnative plants a chance to colonize the region", "to prevent the spread of pests that cause damage to plants", "to replace matured plants with saplings of the same species", "to rid the forest floor of accumulated deadwood and brush" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of the following actions is most likely part of a test to find the hardness of a mineral sample?

[ "heating the sample on a hot plate", "scratching the sample with a nail", "hitting the sample with a hammer", "shining a bright light on the sample" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In Costa Rica a small tree, the acacia, provides shelter and food for ants. The ants protect the acacia by removing other insects and vines that might harm it. Which term best describes the relationship between the acacia and the ants?

[ "competition", "mutualism", "parasitism", "predation" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A car skids along the road and smoke appears to be coming from under the tires. The heat that produces the smoke is caused by

[ "magnetism", "sound", "light", "friction" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A glacier sometimes leaves behind large chunks of ice. What is left in the ground when these chunks of ice melt?

[ "a valley", "a kettle", "a crater", "a sinkhole" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A student uses a high-efficiency gasoline lawnmower to cut grass. The term "high efficiency" is used to indicate that the lawnmower

[ "cuts better than other lawnmowers.", "is easier to use than other lawnmowers.", "uses less energy than other lawnmowers.", "requires more fuel than other lawnmowers." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which example would result in new cells that are most different from the parent cells?

[ "yeast cells splitting into new cells", "bacteria cells dividing into new cells", "skin cells dividing to produce more skin cells", "sperm and egg cells uniting to produce fertilized egg cells" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A dog gets the energy it needs to run from ___.

[ "the air", "the Sun", "food", "water" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Certain flowers will open for twelve hours and then close. Which stimulus do the flowers respond to when they open and then when they close for that time period?

[ "light levels", "moon phases", "seasonal temperatures", "carbon dioxide levels" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Smoking harms the body in many ways. It is most harmful to which organ?

[ "lung", "kidney", "liver", "stomach" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In 1609, Galileo Galilei used lenses to construct the first telescope. His telescope allowed him to observe many objects in space. His invention of the telescope and the data he gathered directly contributed to the understanding that

[ "Earth is the center of the universe.", "the planets revolve around the Sun.", "all stars eventually explode.", "the universe has many galaxies." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The energy obtained from food is measured in units called

[ "watts", "Calories", "degrees", "pounds" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which part of the body works closely with the digestive system to transport nutrients to the cells?

[ "lungs", "blood", "kidneys", "esophagus" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

An example of a learned behavior is

[ "driving a car", "having blue eyes", "shivering in the cold", "breathing air" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Iron oxides, such as rust, form when iron metal reacts with oxygen in the air. What are the chemical symbols for the two elements found in iron oxide?

[ "I and O", "Ir and O", "Fe and O", "Pb and O" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

When water evaporates from Earth's surface into the atmosphere, its molecules enter the gas state. What change in this gas causes molecules to condense into the small water droplets that form clouds?

[ "The mass is reduced.", "The volume is increased.", "The temperature is reduced.", "The pressure is increased." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which process directly adds carbon into the atmosphere?

[ "increasing plant populations", "decreasing animal populations", "burning fossil fuels", "forming sedimentary rock" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Scientists think that dolphins and whales may have evolved from a common ancestor. What evidence supports this hypothesis?

[ "They swim the same way.", "They eat the same food.", "They live in the same area of the ocean.", "They have similar anatomies." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A particular organism is able to survive in an environment due to a thick layer of fat beneath its skin. In which situation would the layer of fat most likely be a survival advantage?

[ "swimming in arctic waters", "eating large amounts of fish", "being preyed upon by other animals", "living in an environment with high temperatures" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy