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MIT_5111_Principles_of_Chemical_Science_Fall_2014
15_Thermodynamics_Bond_and_Reaction_Enthalpies.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at osw.mit.edu. CATHERINE DRENNAN: Next h...
MIT_5111_Principles_of_Chemical_Science_Fall_2014
32_Kinetics_Reaction_Mechanisms.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. CATHERINE DRENNAN: All ri...
MIT_5111_Principles_of_Chemical_Science_Fall_2014
31_Nuclear_Chemistry_and_Chemical_Kinetics.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. CATHERINE DRENNAN: So rad...
MIT_5111_Principles_of_Chemical_Science_Fall_2014
17_Thermodynamics_Now_What_Happens_When_You_Heat_It_Up.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. INSTRUCTOR: So let's cons...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Political_Sociology_Week_2_Lecture_Neoliberalism_and_Crisis_Part_1.txt
good morning students and welcome to week two of political sociology the lecture today is as i indicated in an email i sent out this morning a very very critical lecture because it lays the groundwork for much of what we're going to be talking about throughout the rest of the semester and it introduces the single most ...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Week_6_Lecture_Who_Rules_Part_1.txt
okay welcome back to political sociology and this is week six we're moving quickly through the semester i hope everyone is doing well and you're staying tuned in to the political activities and various events that have been emerging in the united states you're doing a great job posting various media articles that you c...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Week_5_lecture_Class_and_Politics_plus.txt
okay students welcome back to political sociology and as you can see i am in a different location an undisclosed location for my own safety since i know there are forces that are interested in dragging me away for my political views just kidding in any case it's tuesday morning it's a little chilly out i'm outside of a...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Week_3_Lecture_Elections_Parties_Voters_Part_1.txt
good morning students welcome to week three of political sociology and this is the week we will be discussing i guess we can call it electoral sociology there are some connections between what we're going to be doing today and what we have been doing um at least last week in terms of the articles by frank and my piece ...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Week_4_Lecture_labor_and_politics_part_2.txt
okay we are back for part two labor and politics and i only have a few more slides to show you but i didn't want to get abruptly interrupted when we hit the 60 minute point which is what voicethread does it automatically stops um so it is labor day again i just want to make that point and it's a good time for us to thi...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Institutions_and_Varieties_of_Capitalism.txt
hello students and welcome back to social change and international development it says globalization and development i guess that could be the title of this course that is the title of a course i teach very similar to graduate level and sometimes i exchange the powerpoint slide so that may have something to do with it ...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Week_8_Lecture_Capitalism_and_Democracy_part_2.txt
okay i wanted to finish up the discussion of capitalism and democracy and say a few things about one of the readings in this last segment so let me move on to this slide so i think merkel does a nice job of uh also uh highlighting the points i made for bowles and ginthis i used to have the students read a article by bu...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Week_13_Interdependent_Power.txt
good morning students and welcome back to political sociology and this week we are going to investigate some of the work that's been done by various theorists and analysts and the message is little change of pace you are not powerless you are not ultimately the victim of domination in all instances in all cases the oli...
Political_Sociology_Lectures
Week_12_Lecture_Identity_Politics.txt
good morning students and welcome to another episode of political sociology and the topic this week is a vexing i would say complex topic related to what is sometimes described as identity politics and i should say that as i'm putting the slides together thinking about what i'd like to say about this topic i find it di...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_CHATGPT_LLMs.txt
all right welcome to the third lecture on Foundation mulative AI So today we're going to cover chat GPT um and um right I mean I think for a lot of people chat GP was the the tool or the the AI that really made people understand this is different now we're able to do things we weren't able to do before and and definite...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_ECOSYSTEM.txt
uh welcome to the fifth lecture on foundation multii and today should be especially fun because we have two guest lectures so uh uh Professor M Kellis from MIT will show up and give a talk about biology in Ai and the AI Frontiers Frontiers in computational biology then artam is here he's flown in from uh Silicon Valley...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_HOW_IT_WORKS.txt
all right uh okay welcome to the second lecture uh on fation mods generative AI this one should be a fun one we're going to dive into all the different ways we train and arrive at this Foundation models and generative AI um and if you ask me I think that that this is kind of the key breakthroughs and it's going to give...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_BIOLOGY.txt
goe all right uh well welcome to manolis he's a professor at MIT he's doing amazing stuff in computational genomics and Ai and biology he's going to talk about the AI Frontiers here super excited to have so give him a warm Applause thank awesome welcome everyone so um basically there's a lot going on in biology and the...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_INTRODUCTION.txt
all right well um sorry we're a little bit late but let's get started um so welcome to the first lecture on the lecture series called future of AI Foundation models and generative AI this is actually the second year we we hold this class and so I started working on this course before the recent hype and breakthroughs o...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_ETHICS.txt
all right let's get started so uh today should be very fun because we're going to talk about ethics and regulations so first I'll provide a kind of a very high level lecture cover a lot and then we're going to have a panel uh where manolis comes back uh and you get a chance to ask a lot of questions we can discuss this...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_IMAGE_GENERATION.txt
okay welcome to the fourth lecture uh on the course called fation Model intive AI uh today we will do a very brief uh managing of data uh data is one of the key components in this new type of AI and really deserves its own course but we're going to talk a little bit about it and then we're going to cover stable diffusi...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_AUTONOMY.txt
but uh tin flew in from silic Valley he's going to be here in th as well for B part but he's going to talk about agents so please en Jo yep hi everyone so I just going to quickly jump into it right away imagine you want to research a topic of the future of AI you want to understand what's going to happen soon in terms ...
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_2024
MIT_6S087_Foundation_Models_Generative_AI_PANEL.txt
um I'm going to ask you each one um kind of a more targeted question at first and you guys also think about what what you want to ask our poist today so um Professor first question to you um rard touch on this topic and you are an expert in computational biology probably exposed a lot to Evolution and and mechanics how...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
20_Multiparticle_States_and_Tensor_Products_continued_and_Angular_Momentum.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation, or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: I'm going to ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
12_Quantum_Dynamics.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality, educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials, from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: All right. S...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
15_Quantum_Dynamics_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. BARTON ZWIEBACH: Let's be...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
10_Uncertainty_Principle_and_Compatible_Observables.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: OK, last time we ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
17_Two_State_Systems_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: What we have t...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
18_Two_State_Systems_continued_Multiparticle_States_and_Tensor_Products.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: It's time to g...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
5_Linear_Algebra_Vector_Spaces_and_Operators.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Last time we t...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
22_Angular_Momentum_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: All right, it ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
25_Addition_of_Angular_Momentum_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation, or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: So let's get ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
14_Quantum_Dynamics_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. BARTON ZWIEBACH: [INAUDIB...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
2_Wave_Mechanics_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Very good. So ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
3_Wave_Mechanics_continued_and_SternGerlach_Experiment.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: All right. So ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
11_Uncertainty_Principle_and_Compatible_Observables_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Going to get s...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
26_Addition_of_Angular_Momentum_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation, or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: OK so we're g...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
9_Diracs_Bra_and_Ket_Notation.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Now, a theorem...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
19_Multiparticle_States_and_Tensor_Products_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: OK, let me get...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
8_Linear_Algebra_Vector_Spaces_and_Operators_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation, or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: It's good to ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
13_Quantum_Dynamics_continued_Heisenberg_Picture.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: OK, so let me ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
6_Linear_Algebra_Vector_Spaces_and_Operators_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation, or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. ARAM HARROW: So let's ge...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
24_Addition_of_Angular_Momentum.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocs.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Today we have ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
16_Quantum_Dynamics_continued_and_Two_State_Systems.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation, or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: OK, today's l...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
4_Spin_Onehalf_Bras_Kets_and_Operators.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Last time we s...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
21_Angular_Momentum_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: All right. Tod...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
1_Wave_Mechanics.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: All right. So,...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
23_Angular_Momentum_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: So today, let ...
MIT_805_Quantum_Physics_II_Fall_2013
7_Linear_Algebra_Vector_Spaces_and_Operators_continued.txt
The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or to view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: OK, so let's get ...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
5_Production_Theory.txt
JONATHAN GRUBER: All right, so we finished the first unit of the course, or consumer theory, and we've sort of gotten to the demand curve. Now we move onto the second year of the course, which is producer theory, and talk about where the supply curve comes from. Now the good news is that a lot of the tools and skills w...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
13_Oligopoly.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: All right, why don't we get started? Today we're going to move on to, finally, the most realistic market structure. We talked about perfectly competitive markets. Now, that was a very useful, extreme example to help us think about economic efficiency. We then flipped o...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
17_Making_Choices_Over_Time.txt
[SQUEAKING][RUSTLING][CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: Today, what we're going to do is continue our discussion of factor markets by essentially talking about how capital markets impact real world decisions. So last time, we talked about the capital market. We talked about, essentially, the way that firms finance their capit...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
3_Budget_Constraints_and_Constrained_Choice.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: Today, we're going to continue our discussion of consumer choice. And we're going to talk now about what happens when we take that unconstrained choice we talked about on Monday and impose budget constraints. We'll talk about what budget constraints are. We'll then com...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
24_Market_Failures_II_Informational_Asymmetry.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: So today, we're going to talk about social insurance. So why do we have this thing called "social insurance?" Let's first talk about what social insurance is, and then ask why we have it. So basically, social insurance is government-provided insurance programs. This is...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
8_Competition_II.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: OK, why don't we get started? Since I had some problems with the end of last lecture, I'm going to pick up right where things got a little dicey in the last lecture, and we're going to start over. So we're looking back at figure 7-3, which, if you remember, was the cos...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
20_Uncertainty.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: All right, let's get started. We have three weeks left in the class. And what we'll be doing for the next three weeks is really a series of applications of what we've learned so far to sort of help you understand how we add some richness to what we've learned and sort ...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
2_Preferences_and_Utility_Functions.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: Today we're going to start talking about what's underneath the demand curve. So basically, what we did last time, and what you did in section on Friday is talk about sort of the workhorse model of economics, which is supply and demand model. And we always start the cla...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
19_International_Trade_Welfare_and_Policy.txt
[SQUEAKING][RUSTLING][CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: All right. Let's get started. Today, we're going to continue our discussion of international trade. I want to finish up discussing comparative advantage, and then we'll talk about the welfare implications of international trade, and then how that drives our thinking abou...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
1_Introduction_and_Supply_Demand.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: This is 14.01. I'm John Gruber, and this is microeconomics. Today, I want to cover three things. I want to talk about the course details. I want to talk about what is microeconomics. And then I'll start the substance of the course by talking about supply and demand. Co...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
12_Monopoly_II.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: OK, so let's continue our discussion of monopolies. Last time, we talked about monopolies and talked about how they're another extreme of the market structure spectrum. We have perfectly competitive firms, where there's facing a perfectly elastic demand curve, and comp...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
18_Increasing_Savings_Introduction_to_Trade.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: Today, we're going to finish our discussion of savings, continue my nagging on you guys about how you should be saving money. And then we're going to move on and talk about international trade. So let's finish our discussion of savings. Now, savings turns out to be a c...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
7_Competition_I.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: Why don't we get started. We're going to start by finishing up our lecture on costs, with a concept I didn't get to cover last time. Then we'll move on to talking about competition. So I want to start by talking about one concept on costs we didn't get the cover last t...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
25_Health_Economics.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: So today, we're going to have sort of a different kind of class since it's the last class. Today, I'm going to talk about essentially how we bring to bear the set of issues we've talked about this semester to a real-world topic, and actually, how it plays out in policy...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
4_Demand_Curves_and_IncomeSubstitution_Effects.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: All right, let's get started. Today, we are going to complete our discussion of consumer choice by actually coming back and deriving the demand curve that we started the semester with, actually showing you how from the limited set of tools we've given you we can actual...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
11_Monopoly_I.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: OK, so let's continue. So this is actually, in some sense, a key breaking point in the course. Which is, in some sense what we've done so far is give you a set of tools to understand how to think about how consumers and producers make decisions, and then to understand ...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
9_Supply_and_Demand_ConsumerProducer_Surplus.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: OK, why don't we get started? Today, we're going to come full circle back to the first lecture. So in the first lecture, we talked by-- we started by drawing a supply and demand graph. We've now spent the last few weeks explaining where supply and demand curves come fr...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
6_Costs.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: All right. Why don't we get started? Today, we're going to continue our discussion of producer theory. Once again, to remember to put this in context, the first few lectures were working consumer theory to help us derive a demand curve. Now we're working on producer th...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
16_Input_Markets_IILabor_and_Capital.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: All right, let's get started. Today, we're going to continue our discussion of factor markets. If you recall, last Monday, we started talking about the labor market. And we talked about how workers make the decision between work and leisure. And we talked about the imp...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
10_Welfare_Economics.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: So let's continue our discussion of welfare economics. Just to review where we are, the first set of lectures in the course were about positive economics-- about understanding where supply and demand curves come from and what they mean. Now, last lecture, we turned fro...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
21_Efficiency_and_Equity.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: Today we're going to move on to another topic I've kept hinting at all semester, but it's finally here. Which is to think more explicitly about equity, or fairness. So our discussions this semester have been almost solely couched in language of efficiency. We talk abou...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
15_Input_Markets_ILabor_Market.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: All right, let's get started today with our lecture on factor markets. So when we talked about producer theory, we talked about input prices, that firms had prices for their wages and their capital. And we just sort of posed those as given. I just sort of gave you valu...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
14_Oligopoly_II.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: OK, I want to talk today about-- continue our discussion of oligopoly. Last time, we talked about non-cooperative equilbria, but in the start, we said, gee, life would just be better off if everyone would just cooperate. And someone even asked me, "Well, why don't they...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
23_Market_Failures_I_Externalities.txt
[SQUEAKING] [RUSTLING] [CLICKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: Externalities, so, so far in the class, we once again remember the big picture. We started with the first fundamental theorem overall for economics, which is that the competitive market will maximize total social welfare. Then we said that will not be true under condit...
MIT_1401_Principles_of_Microeconomics_Fall_2018
22_Government_Redistribution_and_Taxation.txt
[SQUEAKING] JONATHAN GRUBER: So today, we're going to continue our discussion of equity and efficiency. We started last time talking about the equity-efficiency trade-off. Well, first we talked about why we think redistribution might be necessary, and the striking facts on inequality and poverty in the US. Then we talk...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Exploration_3_I_2024_I_Lecture_13.txt
All right. It should be up in a second. But you go ahead and get started on your refresh your understanding. All right. When you turn to somebody near you and see if you got the same answers for this. This question asks you to think back to what we were learning about last time in terms of posteriors over what the para...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Emma_Brunskill_Dan_Webber_I_2024_I_Lecture_15.txt
Hey, everybody, we're going to go ahead and get started. And we'll start with a refresher understanding, thinking back to DPO and RLHF. All right, why don't you turn to someone near you and see if you got the same answer, particularly for the third and fourth one? But-- All right, so let's come back together. The first...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Exploration_2_I_2024_I_Lecture_12.txt
Hey, everybody. Welcome back. We're going to start talking more about the state of efficient reinforcement learning today. But before we do that, we're going to start with a Check Your Understanding. So this asks you to think back about what we were learning from multi-armed bandits. I would probably do one and six fir...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Policy_Search_2_I_2024_I_Lecture_6.txt
Hi, everybody. Welcome back. We're going to be talking more about policy gradient methods today. And we're going to start off with a quick Refresh Your Understanding. All right. Let's go ahead and go through these. So everybody said the last thing was false, which is correct. It is not guaranteed to converge. They're n...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Introduction_to_Reinforcement_Learning_I_2024_I_Lecture_1.txt
Hi, everyone. We're going to go ahead and get started. I'm Emma Brunskill. I'm delighted to welcome you to Reinforcement Learning, CS234. This is a brief overview of the class and what we're going to be covering today. And I just want to start that probably everyone's heard of reinforcement learning these days. That wa...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Value_Alignment_I_2024_I_Lecture_16.txt
All right, welcome back. Welcome to the last lecture for CS234. What we'll do today is we'll do a review and a wrap up. And we're also going to discuss the quiz a little bit. But before we get started, I just wanted to remind us where we are. So last time, we did the quiz. Today, we have a review of the course and look...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Policy_Search_3_I_2024_I_Lecture_7.txt
Hey, everybody. Welcome back. We're going to be talking more about policy gradient methods today, and then starting to talk about imitation learning. But we'll do a quick refresh your understanding to start. I think everyone agrees that it will not necessarily converge to a global optima. So that's great. There's some ...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Q_learning_and_Function_Approximation_I_2024_I_Lecture_4.txt
All right. Come back. We're going to start lecture 4 in reinforcement learning. So we're going to be covering today Q-learning, and we're going to cover Deep Q-learning. This result came out in roughly 2014. And I remember it being a really big deal, because one of the big conferences, Neural Information Processing Sys...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Offline_RL_3_I_2024_I_Lecture_10.txt
--up here asking you about DPO and RLHF. OK, great. Why don't you turn to somebody and compare your answers? [SIDE CONVERSATION] OK, so there's still pretty good-- there's a lot of disagreement on one of these. For the first one, it's false. Does somebody want to tell me which one does not learn an explicit representat...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Exploration_1_I_2024_I_Lecture_11.txt
Hey, everybody. Welcome back. We're going to start to talk about fast or data-efficient reinforcement learning. Before we do that, we're going to start with a refresher knowledge. One of the things that's fairly good evidence about in terms of learning is that spaced repetition is helpful, so I'll try to periodically b...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_I_Guest_Lecture_on_DPO_Rafael_Rafailov_Archit_Sharma_Eric_Mitchell_I_Lecture_9.txt
Hi, everybody. We're going to go ahead and get started because we're going to be having a guest lecture today, which will start at 1:45. So welcome back. Just in terms of where we are, a few different quick logistics things. The midterm, as everybody probably knows, is on Wednesday. It'll be in class. You're allowed to...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Offline_RL_1_I_2024_I_Lecture_8.txt
All right, while we work on getting these started, I'm just going to write a couple things up about general logistics and continue to work on this for a sec. All right. OK, great. Well, why don't we dive into this. Let's see. So I think everybody agreed from the first one, which is great. So this is true. So this is tr...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Policy_Evaluation_I_2024_I_Lecture_3.txt
Hey, everybody. And welcome back. We're going to get started with a refresh your understanding poll. You can go to Ed and to see all of the polls for today. Just remember to log in first so that we can log it for participation points. The two questions ask you to think about what we talked about last time in terms of M...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Policy_Search_1_I_2024_I_Lecture_5.txt
Hey, everybody. Welcome back. We're going to go ahead and get started with our refresh your understanding. [SIDE CONVERSATIONS] OK. Hopefully, everyone had a chance to think about this a little bit more. So let's go through the answers. The first one is true. So if you are trying to evaluate the value of-- this is in t...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_MultiAgent_Game_Playing_I_2024_I_Lecture_14.txt
All right. They should be up now. All right, just take a second and then compare your answers to someone near you. The reason I'm asking you about these particular algorithms is because some of the ideas today, even though we're going to be talking about AlphaGo and Monte Carlo Tree Search, will be related to some of t...
Stanford_CS234_I_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Spring_2024_I_Emma_Brunskill
Stanford_CS234_Reinforcement_Learning_I_Tabular_MDP_Planning_I_2024_I_Lecture_2.txt
Hi, everybody. Welcome back. This is lecture 2 from Reinforcement Learning. We're going to start with a Refresh Your Understanding. Again, these are just a sort of a quick way to check your conceptual understanding from the most recent lectures, or occasionally we'll go back a little bit. To do this, you just need to l...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
19_Democracy_and_Participation_Rousseaus_Discourse.txt
Professor Steven Smith: Good morning. My name is Borat. Anyone see the movie yet? Yeah, I saw it over the weekend. Had to cheer myself up a little bit after Saturday afternoon but there's still another week to go. Still time. Good morning. I want to talk today about my favorite part of the Second Discourse, a book that...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
17_Constitutional_Government_Lockes_Second_Treatise_1319.txt
Professor Steven Smith: I want to look at two sets of issues. I want to in, a way, conclude my interpretation, my reading of the Second Treatise, by focusing on the role of executive power in Locke's theory of government, Locke's theory of the constitutional state, particularly focusing on the role of the executive, vi...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
15_Constitutional_Government_Lockes_Second_Treatise_15.txt
Professor Steven Smith: It's so nice to see you again on this gorgeous autumn day. And we had a wonderful, wonderful weekend, didn't we? Yes, we did. Okay, today, I want us to begin… we move ahead. We're moving ahead. Today we begin with Mr. John Locke. For the next three classes, Mr. Locke. It is hard to believe that ...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
22_Democratic_Statecraft_Tocquevilles_Democracy_in_America.txt
Professor Steven Smith: Last time, I believe I said I wanted to discuss three features that Tocqueville regarded as central to American democracy. That is not to say they were central to the democratic experience, but they are central features of the American democratic experience and to what degree these can be or cou...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
20_Democracy_and_Participation_Rousseaus_Social_Contract_III.txt
Professor Steven Smith: There's so much to say and so little time. Today, I want to talk about the general will, Rousseau's most important contribution to political science and I will also want to talk about the legacies of Rousseau and what he's meant for the world that he did so much to shape. But I want to start fir...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
7_The_Mixed_Regime_and_the_Rule_of_Law_Aristotles_Politics_I_III.txt
Professor Steven Smith: I've always been told that any serious introduction to political philosophy has to start with a big piece of Plato. We've made some effort to do that. Now, we have to move on. So we move to Plato's son, his adopted son, in a manner of speaking, Aristotle. There's a story about the life of Aristo...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
11_New_Modes_and_Orders_Machiavellis_The_Prince_chaps_1326.txt
Professor Steven Smith: Last time, I ended by talking about Machiavelli as both a revolutionary in many ways and a reformer of the moral vocabulary about virtue and vice, good and evil. Machiavelli seeks to replace, to transpose an older vocabulary associated both with Plato and certainly, perhaps more importantly, wit...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
23_Democratic_Statecraft_Tocquevilles_Democracy_in_America.txt
Professor Steven Smith: Well, today I'm going to finish Tocqueville or, to put it a different way, I'm going to say what I can about Tocqueville in 50 minutes, which is hardly finishing him. In fact, we've hardly begun but I want to talk about two things, two aspects of the book today, again, which will again only scra...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
13_The_Sovereign_State_Hobbes_Leviathan.txt
Professor Steven Smith: Where else are we? Today we're going to continue the state of nature, Hobbes' most famous discovery, his most famous metaphor, his most famous concept. At the end of class last time, I tried to identify Hobbes' central problem, is the problem of authority, what makes authority possible, what mak...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
24_In_Defense_of_Politics.txt
Professor Steven Smith: Anyway, today, the last class, I had on the syllabus, I think it was called globalization and political theory or something to that effect and I guess since writing that I've changed the theme of this final lecture a bit and I want to talk about defending politics or in defense of politics. And ...
Introduction_to_Political_Philosophy_with_Steven_B_Smith
6_Philosophers_and_Kings_Platos_Republic_V.txt
Professor Steven Smith: Today I have the impossible task of finishing the parts of the Republic that I have assigned for the class. And in the past sometimes, I've assigned a full two weeks to the Republic, which would be four lectures, but because I wanted to do some other things with the course as well, I had to cut ...