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"content": "Due to the rise of spherical cameras, monocular 360<inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$^\\circ$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"wang-ieq1-3203516.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> depth estimation becomes an important technique for many applications (e.g., autonomous systems). Thus, state-of-the-art frameworks for monocular 360<inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$^\\circ$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"wang-ieq2-3203516.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> depth estimation such as bi-projection fusion in BiFuse are proposed. To train such a framework, a large number of panoramas along with the corresponding depth ground truths captured by laser sensors are required, which highly increases the cost of data collection. Moreover, since such a data collection procedure is time-consuming, the scalability of extending these methods to different scenes becomes a challenge. To this end, self-training a network for monocular depth estimation from 360<inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$^\\circ$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"wang-ieq3-3203516.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> videos is one way to alleviate this issue. However, there are no existing frameworks that incorporate bi-projection fusion into the self-training scheme, which highly limits the self-supervised performance since bi-projection fusion can leverage information from different projection types. In this paper, we propose BiFuse++ to explore the combination of bi-projection fusion and the self-training scenario. To be specific, we propose a new fusion module and Contrast-Aware Photometric Loss to improve the performance of BiFuse and increase the stability of self-training on real-world videos. We conduct both supervised and self-supervised experiments on benchmark datasets and achieve state-of-the-art performance.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "Due to the rise of spherical cameras, monocular 360- depth estimation becomes an important technique for many applications (e.g., autonomous systems). Thus, state-of-the-art frameworks for monocular 360- depth estimation such as bi-projection fusion in BiFuse are proposed. To train such a framework, a large number of panoramas along with the corresponding depth ground truths captured by laser sensors are required, which highly increases the cost of data collection. Moreover, since such a data collection procedure is time-consuming, the scalability of extending these methods to different scenes becomes a challenge. To this end, self-training a network for monocular depth estimation from 360- videos is one way to alleviate this issue. However, there are no existing frameworks that incorporate bi-projection fusion into the self-training scheme, which highly limits the self-supervised performance since bi-projection fusion can leverage information from different projection types. In this paper, we propose BiFuse++ to explore the combination of bi-projection fusion and the self-training scenario. To be specific, we propose a new fusion module and Contrast-Aware Photometric Loss to improve the performance of BiFuse and increase the stability of self-training on real-world videos. We conduct both supervised and self-supervised experiments on benchmark datasets and achieve state-of-the-art performance.",
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"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan",
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"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan",
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"givenName": "Min",
"surname": "Sun",
"fullName": "Min Sun",
"affiliation": "Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan",
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"abstract": "Voronoi diagrams are powerful for understanding spatial properties. However, few reports have been made for moving generators despite their important applications. We present a topology-oriented event-increment (TOI-E) algorithm for constructing a Voronoi diagram of moving circular disks in the plane over the time horizon <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$[0, t^{\\infty })$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula>. The proposed TOI-E algorithm computes the event history of the Voronoi diagram over the entire time horizon in <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$O(k_F \\log n + k_C n \\log n)$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> time with <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$O(n \\log n)$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> preprocessing time and <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$O(n + k_F + k_C)$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> memory for <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$n$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> disk generators, <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$k_F$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> edge flips, and <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$k_C$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> disk collisions during the time horizon. Given an event history, the Voronoi diagram of an arbitrary moment <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$t^{\\ast}<t^{\\infty }$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> can be constructed in <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$O(k^{\\ast} + n)$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> time where <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$k^{\\ast}$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula> represents the number of events in <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">Z_$[0, t^{\\ast})$_Z</tex-math></inline-formula>. An example of the collision avoidance problem among moving disks is given by predicting future conjunctions among the disks using the proposed algorithm. Dynamic Voronoi diagrams will be very useful as a platform for the planning and management of the traffics of unmanned vehicles such as cars on street, vessels on surface, drones and airplanes in air, and satellites in geospace.",
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"content": "Voronoi diagrams are powerful for understanding spatial properties. However, few reports have been made for moving generators despite their important applications. We present a topology-oriented event-increment (TOI-E) algorithm for constructing a Voronoi diagram of moving circular disks in the plane over the time horizon <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$[0, t^{\\infty })$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>∞</mml:mi></mml:msup><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq1-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. The proposed TOI-E algorithm computes the event history of the Voronoi diagram over the entire time horizon in <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(k_F \\log n + k_C n \\log n)$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>F</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo form=\"prefix\">log</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo form=\"prefix\">log</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq2-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> time with <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(n \\log n)$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo form=\"prefix\">log</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq3-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> preprocessing time and <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(n + k_F + k_C)$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>F</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq4-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> memory for <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$n$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq5-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> disk generators, <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$k_F$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>F</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq6-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> edge flips, and <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$k_C$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq7-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> disk collisions during the time horizon. Given an event history, the Voronoi diagram of an arbitrary moment <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$t^{\\ast}<t^{\\infty }$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>∞</mml:mi></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq8-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> can be constructed in <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(k^{\\ast} + n)$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq9-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> time where <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$k^{\\ast}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq10-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula> represents the number of events in <inline-formula><tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$[0, t^{\\ast})$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mo>[</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"kim-ieq11-2959321.gif\"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. An example of the collision avoidance problem among moving disks is given by predicting future conjunctions among the disks using the proposed algorithm. Dynamic Voronoi diagrams will be very useful as a platform for the planning and management of the traffics of unmanned vehicles such as cars on street, vessels on surface, drones and airplanes in air, and satellites in geospace.",
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"title": "Understanding WeChat User Preferences and “Wow” Diffusion",
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"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA",
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"abstract": "The recently proposed neural radiance fields (NeRF) use a continuous function formulated as a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to model the appearance and geometry of a 3D scene. This enables realistic synthesis of novel views, even for scenes with view dependent appearance. Many follow-up works have since extended NeRFs in different ways. However, a fundamental restriction of the method remains that it requires a large number of images captured from densely placed viewpoints for high-quality synthesis and the quality of the results quickly degrades when the number of captured views is insufficient. To address this problem, we propose a novel NeRF-based framework capable of high-quality view synthesis using only a sparse set of RGB-D images, which can be easily captured using cameras and LiDAR sensors on current consumer devices. First, a geometric proxy of the scene is reconstructed from the captured RGB-D images. Renderings of the reconstructed scene along with precise camera parameters can then be used to pre-train a network. Finally, the network is fine-tuned with a small number of real captured images. We further introduce a patch discriminator to supervise the network under novel views during fine-tuning, as well as a 3D color prior to improve synthesis quality. We demonstrate that our method can generate arbitrary novel views of a 3D scene from as few as 6 RGB-D images. Extensive experiments show the improvements of our method compared with the existing NeRF-based methods, including approaches that also aim to reduce the number of input images.",
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"content": "The recently proposed neural radiance fields (NeRF) use a continuous function formulated as a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to model the appearance and geometry of a 3D scene. This enables realistic synthesis of novel views, even for scenes with view dependent appearance. Many follow-up works have since extended NeRFs in different ways. However, a fundamental restriction of the method remains that it requires a large number of images captured from densely placed viewpoints for high-quality synthesis and the quality of the results quickly degrades when the number of captured views is insufficient. To address this problem, we propose a novel NeRF-based framework capable of high-quality view synthesis using only a sparse set of RGB-D images, which can be easily captured using cameras and LiDAR sensors on current consumer devices. First, a geometric proxy of the scene is reconstructed from the captured RGB-D images. Renderings of the reconstructed scene along with precise camera parameters can then be used to pre-train a network. Finally, the network is fine-tuned with a small number of real captured images. We further introduce a patch discriminator to supervise the network under novel views during fine-tuning, as well as a 3D color prior to improve synthesis quality. We demonstrate that our method can generate arbitrary novel views of a 3D scene from as few as 6 RGB-D images. Extensive experiments show the improvements of our method compared with the existing NeRF-based methods, including approaches that also aim to reduce the number of input images.",
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"abstract": "The last decade has witnessed many visual analytics (VA) systems that make successful applications to wide-ranging domains like urban analytics and explainable AI. However, their research rigor and contributions have been extensively challenged within the visualization community. We come in defence of VA systems by contributing two interview studies for gathering critics and responses to those criticisms. First, we interview 24 researchers to collect criticisms the review comments on their VA work. Through an iterative coding and refinement process, the interview feedback is summarized into a list of 36 common criticisms. Second, we interview 17 researchers to validate our list and collect their responses, thereby discussing implications for defending and improving the scientific values and rigor of VA systems. We highlight that the presented knowledge is deep, extensive, but also imperfect, provocative, and controversial, and thus recommend reading with an inclusive and critical eye. We hope our work can provide thoughts and foundations for conducting VA research and spark discussions to promote the research field forward more rigorously and vibrantly.",
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"content": "The last decade has witnessed many visual analytics (VA) systems that make successful applications to wide-ranging domains like urban analytics and explainable AI. However, their research rigor and contributions have been extensively challenged within the visualization community. We come in defence of VA systems by contributing two interview studies for gathering critics and responses to those criticisms. First, we interview 24 researchers to collect criticisms the review comments on their VA work. Through an iterative coding and refinement process, the interview feedback is summarized into a list of 36 common criticisms. Second, we interview 17 researchers to validate our list and collect their responses, thereby discussing implications for defending and improving the scientific values and rigor of VA systems. We highlight that the presented knowledge is deep, extensive, but also imperfect, provocative, and controversial, and thus recommend reading with an inclusive and critical eye. We hope our work can provide thoughts and foundations for conducting VA research and spark discussions to promote the research field forward more rigorously and vibrantly.",
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"abstract": "Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are not only being developed to aid disabled individuals with motor substitution, motor recovery, and novel communication possibilities, but also as a modality for healthy users in entertainment and gaming. This study investigates whether the incorporation of a BCI in the popular game World of Warcraft (WoW) has effects on the user experience. A BCI control channel based on parietal alpha band power is used to control the shape and function of the avatar in the game. In the experiment, participants (n=42) , a mix of experienced and inexperienced WoW players, played with and without the use of BCI in a within-subjects design. Participants themselves could indicate when they wanted to stop playing. Actual and estimated duration was recorded and questionnaires on presence and control were administered. Afterwards, oral interviews were taken. No difference in actual duration was found between conditions. Results indicate that the difference between estimated and actual duration was not related to user experience but was person specific. When using a BCI, control and involvement were rated lower. But BCI control did not significantly decrease fun. During interviews, experienced players stated that they saw potential in the application of BCIs in games with complex interfaces such as WoW. This study suggests that BCI as an additional control can be as much fun and natural to use as keyboard/mouse control, even if the amount of control is limited.",
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"abstract": "Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and basic computer games have been interconnected since BCI development began, exploiting gameplay elements as a means of enhancing performance in BCI training protocols and entertaining and challenging participants while training to use a BCI. By providing the BCI user with an entertaining environment, researchers hope to assist users in becoming more proficient at controlling a BCI system. BCIs have been used to enrich the experience of abled-bodied and physically impaired users in various computer applications, in particular, computer games. BCI games have been reviewed previously, yet a critical evaluation of “gameplay” within BCI games has not been undertaken. Gameplay is a key aspect of any computer game and encompasses the challenges presented to the player, the actions made available to the player by the game designer to overcome the challenges and the interaction mechanism in the game. Here, the appropriateness of game genres (a category of games characterized by a particular set of gameplay challenges) and the associated gameplay challenges for different BCI paradigms is evaluated. The gameplay mechanics employed across a range of BCI games are reviewed and evaluated in terms of the BCI control strategy's suitability, considering the genre and gameplay mechanics employed. A number of recommendations for the field relating to genre-specific BCI-games development and assessing user performance are also provided for BCI game developers.",
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"content": "Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and basic computer games have been interconnected since BCI development began, exploiting gameplay elements as a means of enhancing performance in BCI training protocols and entertaining and challenging participants while training to use a BCI. By providing the BCI user with an entertaining environment, researchers hope to assist users in becoming more proficient at controlling a BCI system. BCIs have been used to enrich the experience of abled-bodied and physically impaired users in various computer applications, in particular, computer games. BCI games have been reviewed previously, yet a critical evaluation of “gameplay” within BCI games has not been undertaken. Gameplay is a key aspect of any computer game and encompasses the challenges presented to the player, the actions made available to the player by the game designer to overcome the challenges and the interaction mechanism in the game. Here, the appropriateness of game genres (a category of games characterized by a particular set of gameplay challenges) and the associated gameplay challenges for different BCI paradigms is evaluated. The gameplay mechanics employed across a range of BCI games are reviewed and evaluated in terms of the BCI control strategy's suitability, considering the genre and gameplay mechanics employed. A number of recommendations for the field relating to genre-specific BCI-games development and assessing user performance are also provided for BCI game developers.",
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"abstract": "Correcting the optical aberrations and the manufacturing deviations of cameras is a challenging task. Due to the limitation on volume and the demand for mass production, existing mobile terminals cannot rectify optical degradation. In this work, we systematically construct the perturbed lens system model to illustrate the relationship between the deviated system parameters and the spatial frequency response (SFR) measured from photographs. To further address this issue, an optimization framework is proposed based on this model to build proxy cameras from the machining samples’ SFRs. Engaging with the proxy cameras, we synthetic data pairs, which encode the optical aberrations and the random manufacturing biases, for training the learning-based algorithms. In correcting aberration, although promising results have been shown recently with convolutional neural networks, they are hard to generalize to stochastic machining biases. Therefore, we propose a dilated Omni-dimensional dynamic convolution (DOConv) and implement it in post-processing to account for the manufacturing degradation. Extensive experiments which evaluate multiple samples of two representative devices demonstrate that the proposed optimization framework accurately constructs the proxy camera. And the dynamic processing model is well-adapted to manufacturing deviations of different cameras, realizing perfect computational photography. The evaluation shows that the proposed method bridges the gap between optical design, system machining, and post-processing pipeline, shedding light on the joint of image signal reception (lens and sensor) and image signal processing (ISP).",
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"content": "Correcting the optical aberrations and the manufacturing deviations of cameras is a challenging task. Due to the limitation on volume and the demand for mass production, existing mobile terminals cannot rectify optical degradation. In this work, we systematically construct the perturbed lens system model to illustrate the relationship between the deviated system parameters and the spatial frequency response (SFR) measured from photographs. To further address this issue, an optimization framework is proposed based on this model to build proxy cameras from the machining samples’ SFRs. Engaging with the proxy cameras, we synthetic data pairs, which encode the optical aberrations and the random manufacturing biases, for training the learning-based algorithms. In correcting aberration, although promising results have been shown recently with convolutional neural networks, they are hard to generalize to stochastic machining biases. Therefore, we propose a dilated Omni-dimensional dynamic convolution (DOConv) and implement it in post-processing to account for the manufacturing degradation. Extensive experiments which evaluate multiple samples of two representative devices demonstrate that the proposed optimization framework accurately constructs the proxy camera. And the dynamic processing model is well-adapted to manufacturing deviations of different cameras, realizing perfect computational photography. The evaluation shows that the proposed method bridges the gap between optical design, system machining, and post-processing pipeline, shedding light on the joint of image signal reception (lens and sensor) and image signal processing (ISP).",
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"abstract": "The availability of new and improved display, tracking and input devices for Virtual Reality experiences has facilitated the use of partial and full body self-avatars in interaction with virtual objects in the environment. However, scaling the avatar to match the user's body dimensions remains to be a cumbersome process. Moreover, the effect of body-scaled self-avatars on size perception of virtual handheld objects and related action capabilities has been relatively unexplored. To this end, we present an empirical evaluation investigating the effect of the presence or absence of body-scaled self-avatars and visuo-motor calibration on frontal passability affordance judgments when interacting with virtual handheld objects. The self-avatar's dimensions were scaled to match the participant's eyeheight, arms length, shoulder width and body depth along the mid section. The results indicate that the presence of body-scaled self-avatars produce more realistic judgments of passability and aid the calibration process when interacting with virtual objects. Also, participants rely on the visual size of virtual objects to make judgments even though the kinesthetic and proprioceptive feedback of the object is missing or mismatched.",
"abstracts": [
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"content": "The availability of new and improved display, tracking and input devices for Virtual Reality experiences has facilitated the use of partial and full body self-avatars in interaction with virtual objects in the environment. However, scaling the avatar to match the user's body dimensions remains to be a cumbersome process. Moreover, the effect of body-scaled self-avatars on size perception of virtual handheld objects and related action capabilities has been relatively unexplored. To this end, we present an empirical evaluation investigating the effect of the presence or absence of body-scaled self-avatars and visuo-motor calibration on frontal passability affordance judgments when interacting with virtual handheld objects. The self-avatar's dimensions were scaled to match the participant's eyeheight, arms length, shoulder width and body depth along the mid section. The results indicate that the presence of body-scaled self-avatars produce more realistic judgments of passability and aid the calibration process when interacting with virtual objects. Also, participants rely on the visual size of virtual objects to make judgments even though the kinesthetic and proprioceptive feedback of the object is missing or mismatched.",
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"abstract": "Visual coherence between virtual and real objects is a major issue in creating convincing augmented reality (AR) applications. To achieve this seamless integration, actual light conditions must be determined in real time to ensure that virtual objects are correctly illuminated and cast consistent shadows. In this paper, we propose a novel method to estimate daylight illumination and use this information in outdoor AR applications to render virtual objects with coherent shadows. The illumination parameters are acquired in real time from context-aware live sensor data. The method works under unprepared natural conditions. We also present a novel and rapid implementation of a state-of-the-art skylight model, from which the illumination parameters are derived. The Sun's position is calculated based on the user location and time of day, with the relative rotational differences estimated from a gyroscope, compass and accelerometer. The results illustrated that our method can generate visually credible AR scenes with consistent shadows rendered from recovered illumination.",
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"content": "Visual coherence between virtual and real objects is a major issue in creating convincing augmented reality (AR) applications. To achieve this seamless integration, actual light conditions must be determined in real time to ensure that virtual objects are correctly illuminated and cast consistent shadows. In this paper, we propose a novel method to estimate daylight illumination and use this information in outdoor AR applications to render virtual objects with coherent shadows. The illumination parameters are acquired in real time from context-aware live sensor data. The method works under unprepared natural conditions. We also present a novel and rapid implementation of a state-of-the-art skylight model, from which the illumination parameters are derived. The Sun's position is calculated based on the user location and time of day, with the relative rotational differences estimated from a gyroscope, compass and accelerometer. The results illustrated that our method can generate visually credible AR scenes with consistent shadows rendered from recovered illumination.",
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"title": "A Context-Aware Method for Authentically Simulating Outdoors Shadows for Mobile Augmented Reality",
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"normalizedAbstract": "The digital twin has recently emerged as a virtual representation, that enables a real-time digital counterpart of a process or a physical object. Further, as the investments in Industry 5.0 are growing rapidly, their primary focus is to enhance the interactions between cyber-physical systems (CPS) and humans, for which outstanding contribution is expected through the metaverse. It enables humans to immerse into a high-dimensional 3-D virtual world, tackles the interactions among the CPS, and explore their status, which is found to be promising through the digital clones of CPS. This work presents the service-oriented digital twin architecture in conjunction with metaverse-enabled platforms with recommendations for ambitious interactions with the CPS for Industry 5.0 scenarios and beyond. They account for revolutionary changes in modern industries, supported through the Internet of Everything (IoE), VR/AR gadgets, and extended reality (XR) as prominent technology enablers.",
"title": "Building Digital Twins of Cyber Physical Systems With Metaverse for Industry 5.0 and Beyond",
"normalizedTitle": "Building Digital Twins of Cyber Physical Systems With Metaverse for Industry 5.0 and Beyond",
"fno": "10017413",
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"idPrefix": "it",
"keywords": [
"Cyber Physical Systems",
"Digital Twins",
"Internet",
"Production Engineering Computing",
"Virtual Reality",
"3 D Virtual World",
"AR Gadgets",
"CPS",
"Cyber Physical Systems",
"Digital Clones",
"Industry 5 0",
"Internet Of Everything",
"Investments",
"Metaverse Enabled Platforms",
"Physical Object",
"Real Time Digital Counterpart",
"Service Oriented Digital Twin Architecture",
"Virtual Representation",
"VR Gadgets",
"Industries",
"Metaverse",
"Supply Chains",
"Cloning",
"Virtual Groups",
"Real Time Systems",
"Product Development"
],
"authors": [
{
"givenName": "Senthil Kumar",
"surname": "Jagatheesaperumal",
"fullName": "Senthil Kumar Jagatheesaperumal",
"affiliation": "Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India",
"__typename": "ArticleAuthorType"
},
{
"givenName": "Mohamed",
"surname": "Rahouti",
"fullName": "Mohamed Rahouti",
"affiliation": "Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA",
"__typename": "ArticleAuthorType"
}
],
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"issueNum": "06",
"pubDate": "2022-11-01 00:00:00",
"pubType": "mags",
"pages": "34-40",
"year": "2022",
"issn": "1520-9202",
"isbn": null,
"notes": null,
"notesType": null,
"__typename": "ArticleType"
},
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