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"abstract": "In this work, we investigate the visual appearance of real-world surfaces and the dependence of appearance on imaging conditions. We present a BRDF (bidirectional reflectance distribution function) database with reflectance measurements for over 60 different samples, each observed with over 200 different combinations of viewing and source directions. We fit the BRDF measurements to two recent models to obtain a BRDF parameter database. These BRDF parameters can be directly used for both image analysis and image synthesis. Finally, we present a BTF (bidirectional texture function) database with image textures from over 60 different samples, each observed with over 200 different combinations of viewing and source directions. Each of these unique databases has important implications for a variety of vision algorithms and each is made publicly available.",
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"abstract": "To remain an attractive model, skeleton-based implicit surfaces have to allow the design and display of shapes at interactive rates. This paper focuses on surfaces whose skeletons are graphs of interconnected curves. We present subdivision-curve primitives that rely on convolution for generating bulge-free and crease-free implicit surfaces. These surfaces are efficiently yet correctly displayed using local meshes around each curve that locally overlap in blending regions. Subdivision-curve primitives offer a practical solution to the unwanted-blending problem that ensures C1 continuity everywhere. Moreover, they can be used to generate representations at different levels of detail, enabling the interactive display of at least a coarse version of the objects, whatever the performance of the workstation.",
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"abstract": "Fast and realistic synthesis of real videos with computer generated content has been a challenging problem in computer graphics. It involves computationally expensive light transport calculations. We present a novel and efficient algorithm for diffuse light transport calculation between virtual and real worlds called Differential Irradiance Caching. Our algorithm produces a high-quality result while preserving interactivity and allowing dynamic geometry, materials, lighting, and camera movement. The problem of expensive differential irradiance evaluation is solved by exploiting the spatial coherence in indirect illumination using irradiance caching. We enable multiple bounces of global illumination by using Monte Carlo integration in GPU ray-tracing to evaluate differential irradiance at irradiance cache records in one pass. The combination of ray-tracing and rasterization is used in an extended irradiance cache splatting algorithm to provide a fast GPU-based solution of indirect illumination. Limited information stored in the irradiance splat buffer causes errors for pixels on edges in case of depth of field rendering. We propose a solution to this problem using a reprojection technique to access the irradiance splat buffer. A novel cache miss detection technique is introduced which allows for a linear irradiance cache data structure. We demonstrate the integration of differential irradiance caching into a rendering framework for Mixed Reality applications capable of simulating complex global illumination effects.",
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"abstract": "Accurate local surface geometry estimation in discrete surfaces is an important problem with numerous applications. Principal curvatures and principal directions can be used in applications such as shape analysis and recognition, object segmentation, adaptive smoothing, anisotropic fairing of irregular meshes, and anisotropic texture mapping. In this paper, a novel approach for accurate principal direction estimation in discrete surfaces is described. The proposed approach is based on local directional curve sampling of the surface where the sampling frequency can be controlled. This local model has a large number of degrees of freedoms compared with known techniques and so can better represent the local geometry. The proposed approach is quantitatively evaluated and compared with known techniques for principal direction estimation. In order to perform an unbiased evaluation in which smoothing effects are factored out, we use a set of randomly generated Bezier surface patches for which the principal directions can be computed analytically.",
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"abstract": "A vector polygon blind watermarking algorithm based on canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is proposed for protecting the copyright of vector polygon. In embedding, vertices of a polygon are separated into two groups according to odd-even properties of their indexes. CCA is carried out on the two vertex groups to get canonical variables. The absolute value of canonical variables is proved to be affine invariant so that it is called affine invariant descriptor. The watermark is embedded into the magnitude of Fourier descriptors of affine invariant descriptors. In detection, affine invariant descriptors are obtained through a same process as embedding. The correlation between magnitude of the Fourier descriptors of affine invariant descriptors and the watermark is calculated. The watermark can be detected by comparing the correlation to a pre-selected threshold. The algorithm is blind as it doesn't need the original graphics during detection. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results have demonstrated feasibility and reliability of the proposed algorithm.",
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"abstract": "Geographic Information System (GIS) vector maps have become more widely available, prompting a need to prevent their unauthorized use. This is commonly done through the use of a digital watermark, with many approaches applying techniques from image map watermarking, without exploiting the particular properties of vector map data. In previous work we showed that using k-medoids clustering and the bounding box property of vector maps in the embedding process leads to increased robustness against simplification (removing vertices from vector data) and interpolation (adding new vertices to the data) attacks, which may distort the watermark and prevent the identification of the map owner. In this paper we show that the advantages of using the bounding box property are maintained even with a different clustering approach (k-means), and argue that they would hold regardless of the method used for identifying the watermark embedding locations in the map.",
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"abstract": "A novel blind robust 3D mesh object watermarking method is proposed. Firstly, we choose the prongs of the mesh; secondly, to suppose that the prongs are the centers of the circle and the length we choose is the radius, we can get the areas which could be watermarked; and then, with the sphere coordinate, we will get the distance from the object center to the vertices, and perform DFT on the sphere radiuses; the watermark will be embedded by changing the DFT frequency coefficients. Experimental results show that this watermarking scheme is robust against the attacks such as rotation, translation, uniform scaling and even cropping and the embedded watermark is invisible.",
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"abstract": "This paper considers the problem of vector tomography on an arbitrary bounded domain in three dimensions. Previous work has given the formulas for the reconstructed scalar and vector potential functions in relation to the vector field values inside the domain and on the boundary of the domain. Using these formulas. It is shown that the curl-free component can be reconstructed using only one probe measurement, and the divergence-free component can be reconstructed using only two probe measurements. No boundary measurements are necessary.",
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"abstract": "Kernel methods have been shown to be effective for many machine learning tasks such as classification, clustering and regression. In particular, support vector machines with the RBF kernel have proved to be powerful classification tools. The standard way to apply kernel methods is to use the ‘kernel trick’, where the inner product of the vectors in the feature space is computed via the kernel function. Using the kernel trick for SVMs, however, leads to training that is quadratic in the number of input vectors and classification that is linear with the number of support vectors. We introduce a new kernel, the CRO (Concomitant Rank Order) kernel that approximates the RBF kernel for unit length input vectors. We also introduce a new randomized feature map, based on concomitant rank order hashing, that produces sparse, high dimensional feature vectors whose inner product asymptotically equals the CRO kernel. Using the Hadamard transform for computing the CRO hashes ensures that the cost of computing feature vectors is very low. Thus, for unit length input vectors, we get the accuracy of the RBF kernel with the efficiency of a sparse high dimensional linear kernel. We show the efficacy of our approach using a number of standard datasets.",
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"abstract": "High dimensional binary datasets arise in many areas of applications and pose significant challenges in data analysis. Pattern discovery is a key technique for analyzing these datasets. This paper presents algorithms for binary matrix factorization (BMF), which compresses large datasets into a much smaller set of dominant patterns for subsequent applications. BMF refers to the problem of finding two binary matrices of low rank such that the difference between their matrix product and a given binary matrix is minimal. One approximate matrix factor finds the dominant patterns, and the other shows how the original patterns are represented by the dominant ones. The problem of determining the exact optimal solution is NP-hard. We show that BMF is closely related with k-means clustering and propose a clustering approach for BMF. We prove that our approach has approximation ratio of 2. We further propose a randomized clustering algorithm that chooses k cluster centroids randomly based on preassigned probabilities to each point. The randomized clustering algorithm works well for large k. We experimentally demonstrate the nice theoretical properties of BMF on applications in pattern extraction and association rule mining.",
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"affiliation": "Qufu Normal University,School of Computer Science,Rizhao,China,276826",
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"affiliation": "Qufu Normal University,School of Computer Science,Rizhao,China,276826",
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"abstract": "In recent years, researchers have focused on the development of degradable implants. Magnesium is considered to be a potential implant material for biodegradable orthopaedic applications because of its inherent beneficial properties including superior biocompatibility, biodegrability and proper mechanical properties. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a laser aided layer by layer technique which enables the quick fabrication of solid metallic parts virtually of any geometry, based on a computer design. This paper focuses on the SLM of pure magnesium powders using a Nd:YAG laser under different processing conditions. The results show that magnesium parts are successfully fabricated, which indicates opportunity for magnesium orthopaedic implants to be achieved through SLM technique.",
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"content": "In recent years, researchers have focused on the development of degradable implants. Magnesium is considered to be a potential implant material for biodegradable orthopaedic applications because of its inherent beneficial properties including superior biocompatibility, biodegrability and proper mechanical properties. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a laser aided layer by layer technique which enables the quick fabrication of solid metallic parts virtually of any geometry, based on a computer design. This paper focuses on the SLM of pure magnesium powders using a Nd:YAG laser under different processing conditions. The results show that magnesium parts are successfully fabricated, which indicates opportunity for magnesium orthopaedic implants to be achieved through SLM technique.",
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"abstract": "In this paper, we implement a hybrid combustion model which incorporates the fire simulation and solid burning together. To achieve real-time performance, GPU is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations with CUDA programming, also used to visualize the turbulent fire. Experiment results prove our method's efficiency.",
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"doi": "10.1109/ICEET.2009.612",
"title": "Swirling Melting Characteristics of Fly Ashes from Co-Firing of MSWI in China",
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"abstract": "Melting treatment is an efficient for heavy metal stabilization in MSW fly ash. The fly ashes from co-firing of municipal solid waste and coal incinerator were melted in the swirling melting furnace system under various temperatures. The melting characteristics and behavior of heavy metals of fly ashes were investigated in detail under different melting temperatures. The results showed that the melting temperature was important factor on the melting characteristics of fly ashes. The melting temperature should exceed the fusion point of fly ashes between 50 °C to 80°C. Heavy metals of low boiling points were readily emitted into flue gas during swirling melting treatment. The sample happened to sintering reaction or part melting reaction at the lower range melting temperature between 1250 to 1300℃. The fly ashes samples would be transformed to the glassy state at the higher melting temperature 1400℃. The melting temperature range is between 1250 to 1400℃, the fixation rates of nickel, chromium, copper, cobalt, and manganese are slowly increased with melting temperature enhancement during melting process. These results indicated that the swirling melting would remarkably boost the fixation rates of non-volatile heavy metals when the melting temperature is above 1350℃. The changes of melting temperature have marked affect on the fixation rates of arsenic, lead, cadmium, and zinc. Samples are melted treatment at 1350℃ while the maximum fixation rate of lead would be up to 41.5%. The fixation rate of cadmium would reach the highest value 33.3% at 1300℃. The leaching test on melted slag samples showed that the fly ashes were successfully detoxified to meet of the limits toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) in China and United States.",
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"content": "Melting treatment is an efficient for heavy metal stabilization in MSW fly ash. The fly ashes from co-firing of municipal solid waste and coal incinerator were melted in the swirling melting furnace system under various temperatures. The melting characteristics and behavior of heavy metals of fly ashes were investigated in detail under different melting temperatures. The results showed that the melting temperature was important factor on the melting characteristics of fly ashes. The melting temperature should exceed the fusion point of fly ashes between 50 °C to 80°C. Heavy metals of low boiling points were readily emitted into flue gas during swirling melting treatment. The sample happened to sintering reaction or part melting reaction at the lower range melting temperature between 1250 to 1300℃. The fly ashes samples would be transformed to the glassy state at the higher melting temperature 1400℃. The melting temperature range is between 1250 to 1400℃, the fixation rates of nickel, chromium, copper, cobalt, and manganese are slowly increased with melting temperature enhancement during melting process. These results indicated that the swirling melting would remarkably boost the fixation rates of non-volatile heavy metals when the melting temperature is above 1350℃. The changes of melting temperature have marked affect on the fixation rates of arsenic, lead, cadmium, and zinc. Samples are melted treatment at 1350℃ while the maximum fixation rate of lead would be up to 41.5%. The fixation rate of cadmium would reach the highest value 33.3% at 1300℃. The leaching test on melted slag samples showed that the fly ashes were successfully detoxified to meet of the limits toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) in China and United States.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "Melting treatment is an efficient for heavy metal stabilization in MSW fly ash. The fly ashes from co-firing of municipal solid waste and coal incinerator were melted in the swirling melting furnace system under various temperatures. The melting characteristics and behavior of heavy metals of fly ashes were investigated in detail under different melting temperatures. The results showed that the melting temperature was important factor on the melting characteristics of fly ashes. The melting temperature should exceed the fusion point of fly ashes between 50 °C to 80°C. Heavy metals of low boiling points were readily emitted into flue gas during swirling melting treatment. The sample happened to sintering reaction or part melting reaction at the lower range melting temperature between 1250 to 1300℃. The fly ashes samples would be transformed to the glassy state at the higher melting temperature 1400℃. The melting temperature range is between 1250 to 1400℃, the fixation rates of nickel, chromium, copper, cobalt, and manganese are slowly increased with melting temperature enhancement during melting process. These results indicated that the swirling melting would remarkably boost the fixation rates of non-volatile heavy metals when the melting temperature is above 1350℃. The changes of melting temperature have marked affect on the fixation rates of arsenic, lead, cadmium, and zinc. Samples are melted treatment at 1350℃ while the maximum fixation rate of lead would be up to 41.5%. The fixation rate of cadmium would reach the highest value 33.3% at 1300℃. The leaching test on melted slag samples showed that the fly ashes were successfully detoxified to meet of the limits toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) in China and United States.",
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"fullName": "Wang Xue-tao",
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"fullName": "Xu Bin",
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{
"id": "proceedings/casa/2003/1934/0/19340054",
"title": "Melting and Flowing of Viscous Volumes",
"doi": null,
"abstractUrl": "/proceedings-article/casa/2003/19340054/12OmNzwZ6yI",
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"proceeding": {
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"title": "Computer Animation and Social Agents, International Conference on",
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"doi": "10.1109/CASA.2003.1199304",
"title": "Melting and Flowing of Viscous Volumes",
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"abstract": "We present a simple, linear 3D cellular automata approach for animating the melting process of solid volumetric models. Accurate modelling of object melting usually requires complicated physical simulations of heat transfer and phase transition from solid to liquid. Instead, we propose a simplified model to describe the melting behaviors of highly viscous objects, such as wax, lava, plastic, metal and chocolate. We simulate the process by which a volumetric solid transforms into a viscous liquid as the amount of heat it accumulates on its surface reaches a certain temperature. We then animate smooth fluid behavior using a cellular automata. The dynamic volume data is rendered directly on texture mapping hardware to achieve an interactive speed.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "We present a simple, linear 3D cellular automata approach for animating the melting process of solid volumetric models. Accurate modelling of object melting usually requires complicated physical simulations of heat transfer and phase transition from solid to liquid. Instead, we propose a simplified model to describe the melting behaviors of highly viscous objects, such as wax, lava, plastic, metal and chocolate. We simulate the process by which a volumetric solid transforms into a viscous liquid as the amount of heat it accumulates on its surface reaches a certain temperature. We then animate smooth fluid behavior using a cellular automata. The dynamic volume data is rendered directly on texture mapping hardware to achieve an interactive speed.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "We present a simple, linear 3D cellular automata approach for animating the melting process of solid volumetric models. Accurate modelling of object melting usually requires complicated physical simulations of heat transfer and phase transition from solid to liquid. Instead, we propose a simplified model to describe the melting behaviors of highly viscous objects, such as wax, lava, plastic, metal and chocolate. We simulate the process by which a volumetric solid transforms into a viscous liquid as the amount of heat it accumulates on its surface reaches a certain temperature. We then animate smooth fluid behavior using a cellular automata. The dynamic volume data is rendered directly on texture mapping hardware to achieve an interactive speed.",
"fno": "19340054",
"keywords": [
"Object Melting",
"Cellular Automata",
"Natural Phenomena Modelling"
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"authors": [
{
"affiliation": "State University of New York at Stony Brook",
"fullName": "Xiaoming Wei",
"givenName": "Xiaoming",
"surname": "Wei",
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{
"affiliation": "State University of New York at Stony Brook",
"fullName": "Wei Li",
"givenName": "Wei",
"surname": "Li",
"__typename": "ArticleAuthorType"
},
{
"affiliation": "State University of New York at Stony Brook",
"fullName": "Arie Kaufman",
"givenName": "Arie",
"surname": "Kaufman",
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"title": "Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR '93)",
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"article": {
"id": "12OmNBJNL1t",
"doi": "10.1109/ICDAR.1993.395734",
"title": "Thresholding using an illumination model",
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"abstract": "Most grey-level thresholding methods produce good results in situations where the illumination gradient in the original raster image is regular and not too large. In other cases, such as a large linear change in illumination, a satisfactory bi-level image cannot be produced. If the object pixels can be identified in a variety of positions throughout the image, these can be used to construct a surface whose height is related to illumination at each pixel. This estimate can be used to produce a threshold for each pixel. The method described here uses the Shen-Castan edge detector to identify object pixels, and creates a surface using a moving least squares method that can be used to threshold the image.<>",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "Most grey-level thresholding methods produce good results in situations where the illumination gradient in the original raster image is regular and not too large. In other cases, such as a large linear change in illumination, a satisfactory bi-level image cannot be produced. If the object pixels can be identified in a variety of positions throughout the image, these can be used to construct a surface whose height is related to illumination at each pixel. This estimate can be used to produce a threshold for each pixel. The method described here uses the Shen-Castan edge detector to identify object pixels, and creates a surface using a moving least squares method that can be used to threshold the image.<>",
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"normalizedAbstract": "Most grey-level thresholding methods produce good results in situations where the illumination gradient in the original raster image is regular and not too large. In other cases, such as a large linear change in illumination, a satisfactory bi-level image cannot be produced. If the object pixels can be identified in a variety of positions throughout the image, these can be used to construct a surface whose height is related to illumination at each pixel. This estimate can be used to produce a threshold for each pixel. The method described here uses the Shen-Castan edge detector to identify object pixels, and creates a surface using a moving least squares method that can be used to threshold the image.",
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"Lighting",
"Edge Detection",
"Feature Extraction",
"Least Mean Squares Methods",
"Image Segmentation",
"Illumination Model",
"Grey Level Thresholding Methods",
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"Raster Image",
"Bi Level Image",
"Object Pixels",
"Shen Castan Edge Detector",
"Moving Least Squares Method",
"Lighting",
"Pixel",
"Image Edge Detection",
"Object Detection",
"Detectors",
"Computer Science",
"Least Squares Methods",
"Data Mining",
"Mathematics",
"Frequency"
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"affiliation": "Calgary Univ., Alta., Canada",
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{
"affiliation": "Calgary Univ., Alta., Canada",
"fullName": "C. Jennings",
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{
"affiliation": "Calgary Univ., Alta., Canada",
"fullName": "A.G. Salkauskas",
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"abstract": "In this paper we present a surprisingly simple yet powerful method for detecting illumination—determining which pixels are lit by different lights—in images. Our method is based on the chromagenic camera, which takes two pictures of each scene: one is captured as normal and the other through a coloured filter. Previous research has shown that the relationship between the colours, the RGBs, in the filtered and unfiltered images depends strongly on the colour of the light and this can be used to estimate the colour of the illuminant. While chromagenic illuminant estimation often works well it can and does fail and so is not itself a direct solution to the illuminant detection problem. In this paper we dispense with the goal of illumination estimation and seek only to use the chromagenic effect to find out which parts of a scene are illuminated by the same lights. \tThe simplest implementation of our idea involves a combinatorial search. We precompute a dictionary of possible illuminant relations—that might map RGBs to filtered counterparts—from which we select a small number 𝑚 corresponding to the number of distinct lights we think might be present. Each pixel, or region, is assigned the relation from this 𝑚-set that best maps filtered to unfiltered RGB. All 𝑚-sets are tried in turn and the one that has the minimum prediction error over all is found. At the end of this search process each pixel or region is assigned an integer between 1 and 𝑚 indicating which of the m lights are thought to have illuminated the region.\n \tOur simple search algorithm is possible when 𝑚 = 2 (and 𝑚 = 3) and for this case we present experiments that show our method does a remarkable job in detecting illumination in images: if the 2 lights are shadow and non- shadow, we find the shadows almost effortlessly. Compared to ground truth data, our method delivers close to optimal performance.",
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"abstract": "Adaptive sampling is an interesting tool to lower noise, which is one of the main problems of Monte Carlo global illumination algorithms such as the famous and baseline Monte Carlo path tracing. The classic information measure, namely, Shannon entropy has been applied successfully for adaptive sampling in Monte Carlo path tracing. In this paper we investigate the generalized Renyi entropy to establish the refinement criteria to guide both pixel super sampling and pixel subdivision adaptively. Implementation results show that the adaptive sampling based on Renyi entropy outperforms the counterpart based on Shannon entropy consistently.",
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"abstract": "Background subtraction is a commonly employed approach for tracking in scenarios where the ambience is more or less constant in terms of illumination and number of objects. However in office environments, where the illumination can very easily change by switching off or on lights, the background subtraction method can lead to erroneous tracking. In this paper we propose a neurobiology-saliency based particle filter approach that uses low-level features like color, luminance and edge information along with motion cues to track a single person. We have tested our method on clips showing a single person carrying out a range of activities expected in an office environment. Our method performs better than a background subtraction method using a Kalman filter, in terms of the number of frames showing correct tracking and change detection for automatic initialization of tracks.",
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"affiliation": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576",
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"affiliation": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576",
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"abstract": "A method for planning collision-free trajectories of two SCARA robots in a common workspace is described. The robots are treated as a single redundant system. A collision map representing the intersection of the robots is developed in a two-parameter space. A trajectory is planned by finding a collision-free path in the parameter space as a primary constraint and minimizing an objective function in joint space as a secondary goal. An artificial potential field facilitates path planning in the parameter space. A gradient projection method minimizes the error between the current and desired joint angles and optimizes other criteria. The proposed formulation has application in flexible assembly cells which utilize multiple SCARA robots. Two examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.<>",
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"content": "A method for planning collision-free trajectories of two SCARA robots in a common workspace is described. The robots are treated as a single redundant system. A collision map representing the intersection of the robots is developed in a two-parameter space. A trajectory is planned by finding a collision-free path in the parameter space as a primary constraint and minimizing an objective function in joint space as a secondary goal. An artificial potential field facilitates path planning in the parameter space. A gradient projection method minimizes the error between the current and desired joint angles and optimizes other criteria. The proposed formulation has application in flexible assembly cells which utilize multiple SCARA robots. Two examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.<>",
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"title": "Proceedings of Computer Animation '94",
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"abstract": "A model for the dynamic simulation of flexible bodies subject to nonpenetration constraints is presented. Flexible bodies are described in terms of global deformations of a rest shape. The dynamical behavior of these bodies that most closely matches the behavior of ideal continuum bodies is derived, and subsumes the results of earlier Lagrangian dynamics-based models. The dynamics derived for the flexible-body model allows the unification of previous work on flexible body simulation and previous work on nonpenetrating rigid body simulation. The nonpenetration constraints for a system of bodies that contact at multiple points are maintained by analytically calculated contact forces. Frictional effects are also included. An implementation for first- and second-order polynomially deformable bodies is described. The simulation of second-order or higher deformations currently involves a polyhedral boundary approximation for collision detection purposes.<>",
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"content": "A model for the dynamic simulation of flexible bodies subject to nonpenetration constraints is presented. Flexible bodies are described in terms of global deformations of a rest shape. The dynamical behavior of these bodies that most closely matches the behavior of ideal continuum bodies is derived, and subsumes the results of earlier Lagrangian dynamics-based models. The dynamics derived for the flexible-body model allows the unification of previous work on flexible body simulation and previous work on nonpenetrating rigid body simulation. The nonpenetration constraints for a system of bodies that contact at multiple points are maintained by analytically calculated contact forces. Frictional effects are also included. An implementation for first- and second-order polynomially deformable bodies is described. The simulation of second-order or higher deformations currently involves a polyhedral boundary approximation for collision detection purposes.<>",
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"abstract": "The Moving Least Square (MLS) is used to solve as approximate function in meshless methods. The accuracy of solution will be affected by the right selected of the weight function. The Cubic B-spline wavelet function has many good natures, such as recursion, local positive supported, multi-scale and the smallest compact supported. This paper attempted to study it as the weight function and design a practical algorithm of meshless. With the one-dimensional pole and two-dimensional plate structures as example, three functions which are Gauss function, the constructed Cubic B-spline wavelet function and Cubic spline function are studied as weight function in meshless methods. Through the comparison of approximate and exact solutions of displacement and stress, results show that the proposed Cubic B-spline wavelet function possesses high fitting solution based on multi-scale and good stability, while exploiting application area to select the weight function in meshless methods.",
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"title": "2016 12th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems (SITIS)",
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"title": "Goal Aware Context Respectful Counseling Agent",
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"abstract": "A lot of IT workers suffer from stress in doing their work and there are a few counselors to help them. To cope with this problem, an enhanced context respectful counseling agent is proposed. This counseling agent extracts emotional words from clients' utterances throughout their dialogue to detect their changes and provides clients with such changes as dialogue summary. If no change is detected, it replies with clients' utterances' paraphrases followed by context-respectful prompts to dig/narrow problems. Especially to continue the conversation towards clients' further reflection, our newly enhanced agent restricts or relates the topics with eventual and emotional words in dialogue sentences. Namely, it asks still context-respectful but self-disclosure type questions to understand the distressed client more correctly or more sincerely. For supporting the clients' awareness of a method to achieve the goal or wish lingualized in conversation, the newly proposed counseling agent interacts by context-respectfully asking mental difficulties to achieve wish or goal. This promotes clients' reflection to obtain a broader view and thus conversation time for problem solving can be shorten. This introduces clients' more speedy awareness and enables the decrease of clients' mental and physical burden. Owing to this enhancement, clients keeping and deepening reflection on themselves without boring in conversation, reach more problem clarification and self-awareness, which enables them to solve their more difficult problems.",
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"abstract": "Emotion might selectively affect spatial and verbal cognitive activities and the selective interaction patter could be modulated by cognitive load. To test the hypotheses, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) technique to investigate the interaction pattern of emotion and working memory (WM) by typical WM n-back tasks with low and high cognitive loads. In the 0-back task, late ERP components for both spatial and verbal WM were affected by induced emotional states consistently. However, in the 2-back task, we could clearly observe that induced emotional states selectively affected ERPs for spatial WM, but not for verbal WM. These results suggested that the interactive pattern of emotion and WM was modulated by cognitive load. In the condition of low cognitive load, interaction of emotion and WM was similar and nonspecific. However, with the increasing of cognitive load, interaction of emotion and WM became specific and selective. ERP results suggested that attention resource competition could be the underlying neutral mechanism of the selective interactive pattern between emotion and WM.",
"abstracts": [
{
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"content": "Emotion might selectively affect spatial and verbal cognitive activities and the selective interaction patter could be modulated by cognitive load. To test the hypotheses, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) technique to investigate the interaction pattern of emotion and working memory (WM) by typical WM n-back tasks with low and high cognitive loads. In the 0-back task, late ERP components for both spatial and verbal WM were affected by induced emotional states consistently. However, in the 2-back task, we could clearly observe that induced emotional states selectively affected ERPs for spatial WM, but not for verbal WM. These results suggested that the interactive pattern of emotion and WM was modulated by cognitive load. In the condition of low cognitive load, interaction of emotion and WM was similar and nonspecific. However, with the increasing of cognitive load, interaction of emotion and WM became specific and selective. ERP results suggested that attention resource competition could be the underlying neutral mechanism of the selective interactive pattern between emotion and WM.",
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"title": "Analysis on Real Estate Investment Behavior Cognition Based on HS Model",
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"abstract": "In recent years, through a great deal of relevant empirical studies, it reveals that the phenomena of under-reaction and over-reaction are increasingly obvious in the real estate market, as the investors’ deviation of awareness and the inadequate access to information. In this paper, based on the perspective of behavioral finance, investigation and analysis are carried out to the behavior characteristics of the investors in the property market. The investigation and analysis are based on the three investor mental models which are the BSV model, the DHS model and the HS model. Through questionnaires and simulation research methods, the result indicated that, to a certain extent, there exists difference between the real estate investor of our country in the behavior performance and the behavior factors which the BSV model and DHS model have. But it has the good uniformity with the behavior foundation of the HS model. Therefore the HS model is, to some extent, suitable to analyze the phenomenon of over-reaction and under-reaction which may exist in China's real estate market. And based on the results of the analysis, put forward some relevant policies and proposals.",
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{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "In recent years, through a great deal of relevant empirical studies, it reveals that the phenomena of under-reaction and over-reaction are increasingly obvious in the real estate market, as the investors’ deviation of awareness and the inadequate access to information. In this paper, based on the perspective of behavioral finance, investigation and analysis are carried out to the behavior characteristics of the investors in the property market. The investigation and analysis are based on the three investor mental models which are the BSV model, the DHS model and the HS model. Through questionnaires and simulation research methods, the result indicated that, to a certain extent, there exists difference between the real estate investor of our country in the behavior performance and the behavior factors which the BSV model and DHS model have. But it has the good uniformity with the behavior foundation of the HS model. Therefore the HS model is, to some extent, suitable to analyze the phenomenon of over-reaction and under-reaction which may exist in China's real estate market. And based on the results of the analysis, put forward some relevant policies and proposals.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "In recent years, through a great deal of relevant empirical studies, it reveals that the phenomena of under-reaction and over-reaction are increasingly obvious in the real estate market, as the investors’ deviation of awareness and the inadequate access to information. In this paper, based on the perspective of behavioral finance, investigation and analysis are carried out to the behavior characteristics of the investors in the property market. The investigation and analysis are based on the three investor mental models which are the BSV model, the DHS model and the HS model. Through questionnaires and simulation research methods, the result indicated that, to a certain extent, there exists difference between the real estate investor of our country in the behavior performance and the behavior factors which the BSV model and DHS model have. But it has the good uniformity with the behavior foundation of the HS model. Therefore the HS model is, to some extent, suitable to analyze the phenomenon of over-reaction and under-reaction which may exist in China's real estate market. And based on the results of the analysis, put forward some relevant policies and proposals.",
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"title": "A Survey of P2P Virtual World Infrastructure",
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"content": "We propose a peer-to-peer Web document sharing technique, called a \"browser-aware proxy server\". In this design, a proxy server connecting to a group of networked clients maintains an index file of data objects of all the clients' browser caches. If a user request misses in its local browser cache and the proxy cache, the browser-aware proxy server searches the index file, attempting to find it in another client's browser cache before sending the request to an upper-level proxy or to the Web server. If such a hit is found in a client, this client directly forwards the data object to the requesting client, or the proxy server fetches the data object from this client and then forwards it to the requesting client. Trace-driven simulations show that the amount of sharable data in browser caches is significant and can be utilized for peer-to-peer document sharing to improve Web caching performance and scalability. We also address the issues of data integrity and communication anonymity in order to build a reliable browser-aware proxy server.",
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"content": "The classical kinematic approach used in analyzing systems of a small number of interconnected bodies is unsuitable for researching complex kinematics. Moreover, solving nonlinear algebraic equations that involve trigonometric functions is difficult. However, the computational kinematic approach involves using a set of algebraic kinematic equations that describe the joint connectivity between the bodies of a system as well as the specified motion trajectories. This paper presents an analytical approach for a quadrotor with a two-degree-of-freedom (DOF) robotic arm. The approach, which is based on the computational kinematic approach, was adopted to model algebraic equations to obtain the values of position, velocity, acceleration, and the trajectories of motion of the joint and end effector. MATLAB was employed to simulate and solve the kinematic equations. The results showed that the analysis approach is feasible for the quadrotor with a two-DOF robotic arm.",
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"abstract": "Based on the modified Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) modeling methods for ground fixed base industrial robots and the conservation of momentum and conservation of angular momentum suitable for Space Robot (SR), continuous motion trajectory control modeling algorithm based on Recursive Generalized Jacobian Matrix (RGJM) for SR has been proposed and developed. First, kinematics model for SR is researched based on the principle of the ground-based Jacobian and modified D-H method. Then, the effective algorithms for controlling continuous motion trajectory and calculating recursive GJM of SR with visual feedback and torque feedback have been presented. Finally, correctness and validity of the algorithms proposed have been verified through three dimensional computer graphics simulation. The SR conceptual model and kinematics modeling method based on the modified D-H notation in this paper can be extended to any degree of freedom single arm or multi arm SR with tree structure link containing rotary joints and translational joints.",
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"content": "Based on the modified Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) modeling methods for ground fixed base industrial robots and the conservation of momentum and conservation of angular momentum suitable for Space Robot (SR), continuous motion trajectory control modeling algorithm based on Recursive Generalized Jacobian Matrix (RGJM) for SR has been proposed and developed. First, kinematics model for SR is researched based on the principle of the ground-based Jacobian and modified D-H method. Then, the effective algorithms for controlling continuous motion trajectory and calculating recursive GJM of SR with visual feedback and torque feedback have been presented. Finally, correctness and validity of the algorithms proposed have been verified through three dimensional computer graphics simulation. The SR conceptual model and kinematics modeling method based on the modified D-H notation in this paper can be extended to any degree of freedom single arm or multi arm SR with tree structure link containing rotary joints and translational joints.",
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"title": "Simulation Research on Path Planning of Manipulator Based on RRT* Improved Algorithm",
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"abstract": "Path planning refers to searching for a collision-free path between the starting point and the target point according to some evaluation criteria in the environment with obstacles, which has always been the research focus in the field of robotics. In recent years, RRT* algorithm has attracted much attention because it can realize the gradual optimal solution of path planning, but it still has some shortcomings such as slow convergence speed, low path utilization rate and unsmooth path. In addition, unlike the path planning of mobile robots, which only needs to consider the path collision, the mechanical arm belongs to a series robot, and the links are clamped to each other, which directly affects the pose of the end effector through the change of the joint angle, so it is relatively more complicated to consider the rod collision. The main work of this paper is to propose an improved algorithm I-RRT* based on RRT *, and apply it to the path planning of manipulator. The simulation results show that this algorithm can well complete the task of path planning of manipulator, and it is advanced compared with traditional algorithms.",
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"abstract": "In this paper, an Attractive-Region-In-Environment (ARIE) based compliant Video Graphics Array (VGA) insertion method is designed which can be realized by low precision robotic system. The ARIE theory is applied to generate assembly strategy, and then the admittance control is used to achieve the force and the orientation constraints required by the assembly strategy. High precision assembly can be achieved with low requirements for the control and sensor accuracy of the robot. Environmental constraints are used to eliminate position errors. And when there are collisions, the admittance control can make the contact force small to ensure safety. The VGA assembly experiment is conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the designed assembly method. The results show that by using the designed method, the assembly can be achieved with low requirement for location precision, and the contact force is maintained in a safe range when the end effector contacts the VGA.",
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"abstract": "This paper concentrates on techniques for constructing geometric models from data provided by 3-D imaging sensors. Such techniques allow for rapid modeling of sculptured free-form shapes and generation of geometric models for existing parts. Also, the problem of merging images in order to obtain a complete 3-D data set is addressed. The shape representations are closely related to modeling primitives commonly used in computer aided geometric design. In particular, Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS), optimal triangulation and superellipsoid surface representations are used in the shape estimation. Computational solutions are provided for shape estimation. The surface approximations are refined by the algorithms to meet a user defined tolerance value. The resulting geometric model is in a procedural form which can convey structural information in addition to low level geometric primitives. Experimental results on view registration and shape estimation are shown.<>",
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"title": "Semantic Segmentation of Geometric Primitives in Dense 3D Point Clouds",
"normalizedTitle": "Semantic Segmentation of Geometric Primitives in Dense 3D Point Clouds",
"abstract": "This paper presents an approach to semantic segmentation and structural modeling from dense 3D point clouds. The core contribution is an efficient method for fitting of geometric primitives based on machine learning. First, the dense 3D point cloud is acquired together with RGB images on a mobile handheld device. Then, RANSAC is used to estimate the presence of geometric primitives, followed by an evaluation of their fit based on classification of the fitting parameters. Finally, the approach iterates over successive frames to optimize the fitting parameters or replace a detected primitive by a better fitting one. As a result, we obtain a semantic model of the scene consisting of a set of geometric primitives. We evaluate the approach on an extensive set of scenarios and show its plausibility in augmented reality applications.",
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"content": "This paper presents an approach to semantic segmentation and structural modeling from dense 3D point clouds. The core contribution is an efficient method for fitting of geometric primitives based on machine learning. First, the dense 3D point cloud is acquired together with RGB images on a mobile handheld device. Then, RANSAC is used to estimate the presence of geometric primitives, followed by an evaluation of their fit based on classification of the fitting parameters. Finally, the approach iterates over successive frames to optimize the fitting parameters or replace a detected primitive by a better fitting one. As a result, we obtain a semantic model of the scene consisting of a set of geometric primitives. We evaluate the approach on an extensive set of scenarios and show its plausibility in augmented reality applications.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "This paper presents an approach to semantic segmentation and structural modeling from dense 3D point clouds. The core contribution is an efficient method for fitting of geometric primitives based on machine learning. First, the dense 3D point cloud is acquired together with RGB images on a mobile handheld device. Then, RANSAC is used to estimate the presence of geometric primitives, followed by an evaluation of their fit based on classification of the fitting parameters. Finally, the approach iterates over successive frames to optimize the fitting parameters or replace a detected primitive by a better fitting one. As a result, we obtain a semantic model of the scene consisting of a set of geometric primitives. We evaluate the approach on an extensive set of scenarios and show its plausibility in augmented reality applications.",
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"keywords": [
"Augmented Reality",
"Image Colour Analysis",
"Image Segmentation",
"Learning Artificial Intelligence",
"Mobile Computing",
"Solid Modelling",
"Geometric Primitives",
"Dense 3 D Point Cloud",
"Semantic Segmentation",
"Fitting Parameters",
"Semantic Model",
"Structural Modeling",
"Machine Learning",
"RGB Images",
"Mobile Handheld Device",
"RANSAC",
"Augmented Reality Applications",
"Three Dimensional Displays",
"Semantics",
"Support Vector Machines",
"Augmented Reality",
"Solid Modeling",
"Shape",
"Real Time Systems",
"Computing Methodologies X 2014 Computer Vision X 2014 Computer Vision Tasks X 2014 Scene Understanding",
"Computing Methodologies X 2014 Mixed Augmented Reality",
"Computing Methodologies X 2014 Machine Learning Approaches X 2014 Kernel Methods X 2014 Support Vector Machines"
],
"authors": [
{
"affiliation": "Graz University of Technology",
"fullName": "Ana Stanescu",
"givenName": "Ana",
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{
"affiliation": "Graz University of Technology",
"fullName": "Philipp Fleck",
"givenName": "Philipp",
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{
"affiliation": "Graz University of Technology",
"fullName": "Dieter Schmalstieg",
"givenName": "Dieter",
"surname": "Schmalstieg",
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{
"affiliation": "AR4 GmbH",
"fullName": "Clemens Arth",
"givenName": "Clemens",
"surname": "Arth",
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"pages": "206-211",
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