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"abstract": "This paper addresses two important issues related to texture pattern retrieval: feature extraction and similarity search. A Gabor feature representation for textured images is proposed, and its performance in pattern retrieval is evaluated on a large texture image database. These features compare favorably with other existing texture representations. A simple hybrid neural network algorithm is used to learn the similarity by simple clustering in the texture feature space. With learning similarity, the performance of similar pattern retrieval improves significantly. An important aspect of this work is its application to real image data. Texture feature extraction with similarity learning is used to search through large aerial photographs. Feature clustering enables efficient search of the database as our experimental results indicate.",
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"abstract": "A new approach to the characterization of texture properties at multiple scales using an overcomplete wavelet transform is described. It is shown that this representation constitutes a tight frame of l/sub 2/, and that it has a fast iterative algorithm. A texture is characterized by a set of channel variances estimated at the output of the corresponding filter-bank. Classification experiments with 12 Brodatz textures indicate that the discrete wavelet frame (DWF) approach is superior to a standard (critically sampled) wavelet transform feature extraction. This result also suggests that this approach should perform better than most traditional single resolution techniques (co-occurrences, local linear transform, etc. . .). A detailed comparison of the classification performance of various orthogonal and biorthogonal wavelet transforms is provided. The DWF feature extraction technique is incorporated into a simple multiple-component texture segmentation algorithm. Some examples are presented.<>",
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"content": "A new approach to the characterization of texture properties at multiple scales using an overcomplete wavelet transform is described. It is shown that this representation constitutes a tight frame of l/sub 2/, and that it has a fast iterative algorithm. A texture is characterized by a set of channel variances estimated at the output of the corresponding filter-bank. Classification experiments with 12 Brodatz textures indicate that the discrete wavelet frame (DWF) approach is superior to a standard (critically sampled) wavelet transform feature extraction. This result also suggests that this approach should perform better than most traditional single resolution techniques (co-occurrences, local linear transform, etc. . .). A detailed comparison of the classification performance of various orthogonal and biorthogonal wavelet transforms is provided. The DWF feature extraction technique is incorporated into a simple multiple-component texture segmentation algorithm. Some examples are presented.<>",
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"title": "Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing",
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"title": "Optimal Filter-Bank Design for Multiple Texture Discrimination",
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"abstract": "An important category of texture features are features extracted by filters together with a filter response energy measure. Most approaches to texture filtering use filter banks which are selected by some heuristic criteria and which are not optimal with respect to the given data. Some approaches to optimal filter design have been presented. A few approaches to multi-texture optimal filter bank design have also been presented, but they are all restricted to very small sets of free parameters. In this paper a new technique for multiple texture optimal design of a bank of general finite impulse response (FIR) filters is presented. A closed form optimal solution is obtained by modeling the feature extraction for the textures.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "An important category of texture features are features extracted by filters together with a filter response energy measure. Most approaches to texture filtering use filter banks which are selected by some heuristic criteria and which are not optimal with respect to the given data. Some approaches to optimal filter design have been presented. A few approaches to multi-texture optimal filter bank design have also been presented, but they are all restricted to very small sets of free parameters. In this paper a new technique for multiple texture optimal design of a bank of general finite impulse response (FIR) filters is presented. A closed form optimal solution is obtained by modeling the feature extraction for the textures.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "An important category of texture features are features extracted by filters together with a filter response energy measure. Most approaches to texture filtering use filter banks which are selected by some heuristic criteria and which are not optimal with respect to the given data. Some approaches to optimal filter design have been presented. A few approaches to multi-texture optimal filter bank design have also been presented, but they are all restricted to very small sets of free parameters. In this paper a new technique for multiple texture optimal design of a bank of general finite impulse response (FIR) filters is presented. A closed form optimal solution is obtained by modeling the feature extraction for the textures.",
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"abstract": "Although the importance of the Fourier phase to image perception has been addressed, it is unknown whether this is the case for texture similarity or not. Based on psychophysical experiments, we first show that the phase data is more important to human visual perception of texture similarity than the magnitude data. We further examine the ability of a total of 51 computational feature sets on exploiting the phase data for texture similarity estimation. However, it is found that for these feature sets the magnitude data is more important than phase. Since it has been shown in early work that there is inconsistency between the similarity data derived from human observers and the 51 feature sets, we attribute this outcome (magnitude/phase importance) to the difference between the manners in which humans and the feature sets exploit the phase data. Therefore, we are motivated to enable the 51 feature sets to exploit the phase data for effective estimation of texture similarity. This is achieved by fusing the features extracted from the original and phase-only images. It is shown that this type of fused feature sets yield better results than those derived using the 51 original feature sets. In particular, we show that this finding can also be propagated to convolutional neural network features. We believe that the improved results should be attributed to the importance of phase to texture similarity.",
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"content": "Although the importance of the Fourier phase to image perception has been addressed, it is unknown whether this is the case for texture similarity or not. Based on psychophysical experiments, we first show that the phase data is more important to human visual perception of texture similarity than the magnitude data. We further examine the ability of a total of 51 computational feature sets on exploiting the phase data for texture similarity estimation. However, it is found that for these feature sets the magnitude data is more important than phase. Since it has been shown in early work that there is inconsistency between the similarity data derived from human observers and the 51 feature sets, we attribute this outcome (magnitude/phase importance) to the difference between the manners in which humans and the feature sets exploit the phase data. Therefore, we are motivated to enable the 51 feature sets to exploit the phase data for effective estimation of texture similarity. This is achieved by fusing the features extracted from the original and phase-only images. It is shown that this type of fused feature sets yield better results than those derived using the 51 original feature sets. In particular, we show that this finding can also be propagated to convolutional neural network features. We believe that the improved results should be attributed to the importance of phase to texture similarity.",
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"abstract": "Current fiducial marker detection algorithms rely on marker IDs for false positive rejection. Time is wasted on potential detections that will eventually be rejected as false positives. We introduce ChromaTag, a fiducial marker and detection algorithm designed to use opponent colors to limit and quickly reject initial false detections and grayscale for precise localization. Through experiments, we show that ChromaTag is significantly faster than current fiducial markers while achieving similar or better detection accuracy. We also show how tag size and viewing direction effect detection accuracy. Our contribution is significant because fiducial markers are often used in real-time applications (e.g. marker assisted robot navigation) where heavy computation is required by other parts of the system.",
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"abstract": "Fiducial markers (AR/visual markers) are still useful tools in many AR/MR applications. But conventional markers have two fundamental problems in orientation estimation. One is degradation of orientation accuracy in frontal observation. The other is “pose ambiguity” where the estimated orientation repeats switching between two values. We previously developed a novel marker “ArrayMark” which uses a microlens array and solved the former problem. This time we propose a practical solution to the latter problem by improving the ArrayMark. We attach an additional reference point to detect the occurrence of invalid estimation, and modify the orientation of the marker by inverting the zenith-angle of the visual-line. This marker enables stable pose estimation from a one-shot image without using any filtering techniques. The method is applicable to conventional markers, too. We demonstrated the availability of this improvement to the pose-ambiguity problem.",
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"content": "Fiducial markers (AR/visual markers) are still useful tools in many AR/MR applications. But conventional markers have two fundamental problems in orientation estimation. One is degradation of orientation accuracy in frontal observation. The other is “pose ambiguity” where the estimated orientation repeats switching between two values. We previously developed a novel marker “ArrayMark” which uses a microlens array and solved the former problem. This time we propose a practical solution to the latter problem by improving the ArrayMark. We attach an additional reference point to detect the occurrence of invalid estimation, and modify the orientation of the marker by inverting the zenith-angle of the visual-line. This marker enables stable pose estimation from a one-shot image without using any filtering techniques. The method is applicable to conventional markers, too. We demonstrated the availability of this improvement to the pose-ambiguity problem.",
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"abstract": "Visual fiducial systems are a key component of many robotics and AR/VR applications for 6-DOF monocular relative pose estimation and target identification. This paper presents LFTag, a visual fiducial system based on topological detection and relative position data encoding which optimizes data density within spatial frequency constraints. The marker is constructed to resolve rotational ambiguity, which combined with the robust geometric and topological false positive rejection, allows all marker bits to be used for data. When compared to existing state-of-the-art square binary markers (AprilTag) and topological markers (TopoTag) in simulation, the proposed fiducial system (LFTag) offers significant advances in dictionary size and range. LFTag 3×3 achieves 546 times the dictionary size of AprilTag 25h9 and LFTag 4×4 achieves 126 thousand times the dictionary size of AprilTag 41h12 while simultaneously achieving longer detection range. LFTag 3×3 also achieves more than twice the detection range of TopoTag 4×4 at the same dictionary size.",
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"abstract": "A novel unitary quantum lattice algorithm is developed to explore quantum turbulence. Because of its low memory requirements and its near perfect parallelization to the full 12,288 cores on the Cray XT5, simulations were run up to spatial grids of 5,7603. The Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which describes the ground state of a Bose Einstein condensate (BEC), is solved and it is found that the incompressible kinetic energy spectrum exhibits 3 distinct power laws: classical Kolmogorov k-5/3 spectrum at scales much larger than the individual quantum vortex cores, and a quantum Kelvin wave cascade spectrum of k-3 at scales of the order of the quantum cores. In the adjoining semiclassical regime, there is a steeper spectral decay transitioning between the classical and quantum regimes. However, its spectral exponent does not seem to be universal. This is the first, first-principle simulation yielding the universal quantum Kelvin cascade exponent.",
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"abstract": "The physical processes that contribute to the single photon fading and loss need to be carefully analyzed in the theory of quantum light transmission through the atmospheric turbulence. Here we propose a single photon receiving model, and analyze the influence of the atmospheric turbulence on the single photon transmission. We simulate and analyze the photon counting and the final key generation rate under different intensity of the atmospheric turbulence. Our model can be used to reflect the optical coupling and loss between transmitter and receiving terminal.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "The physical processes that contribute to the single photon fading and loss need to be carefully analyzed in the theory of quantum light transmission through the atmospheric turbulence. Here we propose a single photon receiving model, and analyze the influence of the atmospheric turbulence on the single photon transmission. We simulate and analyze the photon counting and the final key generation rate under different intensity of the atmospheric turbulence. Our model can be used to reflect the optical coupling and loss between transmitter and receiving terminal.",
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"affiliation": "State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an710071, ,China",
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"title": "Unitary Quantum Lattice Gas Algorithms for Quantum to Classical Turbulence",
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"abstract": "Using a set of interleaved unitary collision-stream operators, a three-dimensional (3D) quantum lattice gas algorithm is devised which, on taking moments, recovers the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation. If a zero-temperature Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is trapped in an a magnetic well, the evolution of the ground-state wave function satisfies the scalar GP equation, while if the BEC is trapped in an optical trap the ground-state wave function satisfies spin or GP equations. Quantum turbulence is studied in a scalar GP system on 5,7603 grid yielding not only the classical Kolmogorov k-5/3 cascade but also the quantum vortex k-3 spectrum. For a certain class of initial conditions, one finds an intermittent loss of tangled quantum vortices as the vortex cores attain minimal size, and thus prevent the Kelvin wave cascade (due to helical wave-wave coupling on the vortex). A coupled set of GP equations are solved for spin or BEC. Skrymions, which describe topologically-linked quantum vortices, are examined. One finds, for certain initial conditions that the incompressible kinetic energy spectrum for the condensate component of a vortex ring core rapidly departs from the k-3 linear quantum vortex spectrum.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "Using a set of interleaved unitary collision-stream operators, a three-dimensional (3D) quantum lattice gas algorithm is devised which, on taking moments, recovers the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation. If a zero-temperature Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is trapped in an a magnetic well, the evolution of the ground-state wave function satisfies the scalar GP equation, while if the BEC is trapped in an optical trap the ground-state wave function satisfies spin or GP equations. Quantum turbulence is studied in a scalar GP system on 5,7603 grid yielding not only the classical Kolmogorov k-5/3 cascade but also the quantum vortex k-3 spectrum. For a certain class of initial conditions, one finds an intermittent loss of tangled quantum vortices as the vortex cores attain minimal size, and thus prevent the Kelvin wave cascade (due to helical wave-wave coupling on the vortex). A coupled set of GP equations are solved for spin or BEC. Skrymions, which describe topologically-linked quantum vortices, are examined. One finds, for certain initial conditions that the incompressible kinetic energy spectrum for the condensate component of a vortex ring core rapidly departs from the k-3 linear quantum vortex spectrum.",
"__typename": "ArticleAbstractType"
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"normalizedAbstract": "Using a set of interleaved unitary collision-stream operators, a three-dimensional (3D) quantum lattice gas algorithm is devised which, on taking moments, recovers the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation. If a zero-temperature Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is trapped in an a magnetic well, the evolution of the ground-state wave function satisfies the scalar GP equation, while if the BEC is trapped in an optical trap the ground-state wave function satisfies spin or GP equations. Quantum turbulence is studied in a scalar GP system on 5,7603 grid yielding not only the classical Kolmogorov k-5/3 cascade but also the quantum vortex k-3 spectrum. For a certain class of initial conditions, one finds an intermittent loss of tangled quantum vortices as the vortex cores attain minimal size, and thus prevent the Kelvin wave cascade (due to helical wave-wave coupling on the vortex). A coupled set of GP equations are solved for spin or BEC. Skrymions, which describe topologically-linked quantum vortices, are examined. One finds, for certain initial conditions that the incompressible kinetic energy spectrum for the condensate component of a vortex ring core rapidly departs from the k-3 linear quantum vortex spectrum.",
"fno": "06018013",
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"title": "Exploring the Origins of Tables for Information Visualization",
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"abstract": "This paper considers the deep history of tables as visualization modalities. It covers four kinds of tables that have appeared between 1900 BCE and 1300 CE: Sumerian accounting tables, chronicles, canon tables, and medieval calendars as representations of some of the earliest milestones in information visualization. Analysis of these tables demonstrates as early as 1300 BCE the need to visualize information had driven the invention of representations that transformed the way information has been communicated and used.",
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"title": "Visualization for Changes in Relationships between Historical Figures in Chronicles",
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"abstract": "A huge number of historical documents that have been accumulated for a long time are currently being digitized. However, it is difficult for us to analyze and obtain insight into the past from such documents. This paper proposes an interactive visualization system to extract networks of historical figures from historical data and to show time-varying changes in their relationships. It enables users to explore changes in the structure of the network interactively. Moreover, it extracts characteristics of each relationship, such as hostile or friendly relations, and visualizes them on the network. It enables us to understand changes in past society better by exploring changes in relationships between people.",
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"content": "A huge number of historical documents that have been accumulated for a long time are currently being digitized. However, it is difficult for us to analyze and obtain insight into the past from such documents. This paper proposes an interactive visualization system to extract networks of historical figures from historical data and to show time-varying changes in their relationships. It enables users to explore changes in the structure of the network interactively. Moreover, it extracts characteristics of each relationship, such as hostile or friendly relations, and visualizes them on the network. It enables us to understand changes in past society better by exploring changes in relationships between people.",
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"abstract": "Internet mail spam is a problem for most organizations and individuals. Spam can be classified into two categories: fraud and commercial. The fraud category includes phishing, scams, malware, counterfeit products and any other criminal activities. The commercial category includes promotional messages and newsletters that we do not want to receive, being sent illegally from legitimate organizations. Fraud can be seen as being a high threat with high volume while commercial spam is the opposite. Similar to mail, there are spam Web tables that do not have any useful content. Here we describe our machine-learning classifier for efficient and effective Web tables spam filtering that was tested on a large-scale Web tables corpus of ≈ 36 million tables.",
"abstracts": [
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"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "Internet mail spam is a problem for most organizations and individuals. Spam can be classified into two categories: fraud and commercial. The fraud category includes phishing, scams, malware, counterfeit products and any other criminal activities. The commercial category includes promotional messages and newsletters that we do not want to receive, being sent illegally from legitimate organizations. Fraud can be seen as being a high threat with high volume while commercial spam is the opposite. Similar to mail, there are spam Web tables that do not have any useful content. Here we describe our machine-learning classifier for efficient and effective Web tables spam filtering that was tested on a large-scale Web tables corpus of ≈ 36 million tables.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "Internet mail spam is a problem for most organizations and individuals. Spam can be classified into two categories: fraud and commercial. The fraud category includes phishing, scams, malware, counterfeit products and any other criminal activities. The commercial category includes promotional messages and newsletters that we do not want to receive, being sent illegally from legitimate organizations. Fraud can be seen as being a high threat with high volume while commercial spam is the opposite. Similar to mail, there are spam Web tables that do not have any useful content. Here we describe our machine-learning classifier for efficient and effective Web tables spam filtering that was tested on a large-scale Web tables corpus of ≈ 36 million tables.",
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"authors": [
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"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio",
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"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio",
"fullName": "Tom Nguyen",
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{
"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio",
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"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio",
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{
"affiliation": "Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio",
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"article": {
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"doi": "10.1109/VIS49827.2021.9623313",
"title": "Visually Connecting Historical Figures Through Event Knowledge Graphs",
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"abstract": "Knowledge graphs store information about historical figures and their relationships indirectly through shared events. We developed a visualization system, VisKonnect, for analyzing the intertwined lives of historical figures based on the events they participated in. A user’s query is parsed for identifying named entities, and related data is retrieved from an event knowledge graph. While a short textual answer to the query is generated using the GPT-3 language model, various linked visualizations provide context, display additional information related to the query, and allow exploration.",
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"authors": [
{
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"abstract": "In this paper, a refined classic noise prediction method based on the VISSIM and FHWA noise prediction model is formulated to analyze the sound level contributed by traffic on the Nanjing Lukou airport connecting freeway before and after widening. The aim of this research is to (i) assess the traffic noise impact on the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA) campus before and after freeway widening, (ii) compare the prediction results with field data to test the accuracy of this method, (iii) analyze the relationship between traffic characteristics and sound level. The results indicate that the mean difference between model predictions and field measurements is acceptable. The traffic composition impact study indicates that buses (including mid-sized trucks) and heavy goods vehicles contribute a significant proportion of total noise power despite their low traffic volume. In addition, speed analysis offers an explanation for the minor differences in noise level across time periods. Future work will aim at reducing model error, by focusing on noise barrier analysis using the FEM/BEM method and modifying the vehicle noise emission equation by conducting field experimentation.",
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"content": "In this paper, a refined classic noise prediction method based on the VISSIM and FHWA noise prediction model is formulated to analyze the sound level contributed by traffic on the Nanjing Lukou airport connecting freeway before and after widening. The aim of this research is to (i) assess the traffic noise impact on the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA) campus before and after freeway widening, (ii) compare the prediction results with field data to test the accuracy of this method, (iii) analyze the relationship between traffic characteristics and sound level. The results indicate that the mean difference between model predictions and field measurements is acceptable. The traffic composition impact study indicates that buses (including mid-sized trucks) and heavy goods vehicles contribute a significant proportion of total noise power despite their low traffic volume. In addition, speed analysis offers an explanation for the minor differences in noise level across time periods. Future work will aim at reducing model error, by focusing on noise barrier analysis using the FEM/BEM method and modifying the vehicle noise emission equation by conducting field experimentation.",
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"abstract": "Microwave primary noise sources are always constructed with Planck's law. In microwave frequency region a matched load keeping in a stable temperature radiates noise power whose density is proportional to its physical temperature. The evaluation method of the primary noise source accounted for the distributed loss and temperature was presented by Stelzried in 1965. In this paper an extension evaluation formula including the influence of the reflection is deduced and the error caused by the reflection is discussed. The results show the influence is within 1 ¡ë if the reflectivity is in the range of 0 to 0.03 as for the WR28 noise source.",
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"content": "Microwave primary noise sources are always constructed with Planck's law. In microwave frequency region a matched load keeping in a stable temperature radiates noise power whose density is proportional to its physical temperature. The evaluation method of the primary noise source accounted for the distributed loss and temperature was presented by Stelzried in 1965. In this paper an extension evaluation formula including the influence of the reflection is deduced and the error caused by the reflection is discussed. The results show the influence is within 1 ¡ë if the reflectivity is in the range of 0 to 0.03 as for the WR28 noise source.",
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"fullName": "Liang Weijun",
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"title": "Influence analysis of noise on sensitivity and 1/f noise removal in a 220GHz radiometer",
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"abstract": "As a high sensitivity receiver system, radiometer is greatly affected by system noise. Noise suppression is important to improve the performance of radiometer. In this paper, the millimeter-wave radiometer is modeled to analyze the influence of noise on the sensitivity of radiometer. A new method of 1/f noise removal based on the parameter estimation of power spectral density (PSD) is proposed. The PSD and sensitivity before and after filtering are obtained by simulation. The results show that our method can effectively remove the 1/f noise.",
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"content": "As a high sensitivity receiver system, radiometer is greatly affected by system noise. Noise suppression is important to improve the performance of radiometer. In this paper, the millimeter-wave radiometer is modeled to analyze the influence of noise on the sensitivity of radiometer. A new method of 1/f noise removal based on the parameter estimation of power spectral density (PSD) is proposed. The PSD and sensitivity before and after filtering are obtained by simulation. The results show that our method can effectively remove the 1/f noise.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "As a high sensitivity receiver system, radiometer is greatly affected by system noise. Noise suppression is important to improve the performance of radiometer. In this paper, the millimeter-wave radiometer is modeled to analyze the influence of noise on the sensitivity of radiometer. A new method of 1/f noise removal based on the parameter estimation of power spectral density (PSD) is proposed. The PSD and sensitivity before and after filtering are obtained by simulation. The results show that our method can effectively remove the 1/f noise.",
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"authors": [
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"affiliation": "Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Science and Technology on Multi-Spectral Information Processing Laboratory, School of Electronic Information and Communications,Wuhan,China,430074",
"fullName": "Wenning Xu",
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"affiliation": "Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Research Center of 6G Mobile Communications, School of Cyber Science and Engineering,Wuhan,China,430074",
"fullName": "Liangqi Gui",
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"affiliation": "Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Research Center of 6G Mobile Communications, School of Cyber Science and Engineering,Wuhan,China,430074",
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"affiliation": "Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Science and Technology on Multi-Spectral Information Processing Laboratory, School of Electronic Information and Communications,Wuhan,China,430074",
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"abstract": "The data of real rough surface are captured by using the morphology measuring instrument LEXT OLS4000. Contraposing the scarcities that no rough surface produced with either statistical model or fractal model can represent the real surface and reflect the surface stress, the real rough surface model is built based on the idea of reverse engineering. ANSYS is employed in research on the normal contact between the real rough surfaces, which is predigested with the contact between a rigid plane and a rough surface. The study shows that hysteresis phenomenon presents itself between the normal loading curve and the normal unloading curve as a result of some asperities' plastic deformation, which also brings on residual press-stress benefits for material properties on the rough surface after unloading completely and the residual stress varies with the amount of load at the start of unloading. Normal contact stiffness increases first and then decreases along with the normal load, and is also affected by surface topography and the residual surface stress of the micro-body.",
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"content": "The data of real rough surface are captured by using the morphology measuring instrument LEXT OLS4000. Contraposing the scarcities that no rough surface produced with either statistical model or fractal model can represent the real surface and reflect the surface stress, the real rough surface model is built based on the idea of reverse engineering. ANSYS is employed in research on the normal contact between the real rough surfaces, which is predigested with the contact between a rigid plane and a rough surface. The study shows that hysteresis phenomenon presents itself between the normal loading curve and the normal unloading curve as a result of some asperities' plastic deformation, which also brings on residual press-stress benefits for material properties on the rough surface after unloading completely and the residual stress varies with the amount of load at the start of unloading. Normal contact stiffness increases first and then decreases along with the normal load, and is also affected by surface topography and the residual surface stress of the micro-body.",
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"abstract": "This paper develops an analytic model for self shadowing and local illumination of rough surfaces. The surface is assumed homogeneous, isotropic, and smooth microscopically, with a Gaussian height field. The total reflection is decomposed into single and multiple scattering. A shadowing factor is derived as a function of surface roughness, and color variation due to multiple scattering is described. This model is compared to previous models and the effects of surface roughness are studied via rendered images.",
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"title": "Back Scattering from Target above Random Rough Surface",
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"title": "A Model for Real Time Ocean Breaking Waves Animation",
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"abstract": "This paper presents a procedural model for ocean breaking waves in real time. Since the growth of digital games, more ocean, coast and beach scenarios have appeared, but these games rarely use breaking waves. The model proposed in this paper aims to animate waves with minimal graphic processing unit (GPU) and computer processing unit (CPU) costs. Using a few set of parameters, our procedural model generates an unique ocean-like scenario. This model could be employed in several types of games and applications. Results indicate that our real time breaking waves are visually accepted and have minimal impact on application performance.",
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"abstract": "In-situ 3D Modeling becomes increasingly prominent in current Augmented Reality research, particularly for mobile scenarios. However, real-time performance and qualitative modeling remain highly challenging. In this work, we propose a new interactive 3D modeling approach for indoor environments, combining an assistive user interface and constrained reconstruction with a device consisting of a single-point laser range finder and a camera. Using our system, a user pans around capturing a panorama of the environment, while simultaneously measuring the distance to a single point per frame. An automatic detection process estimates planes from these sparse 3D measurements. The user can highlight specific geometric features in the environment, such as 2- or 3-way corners, with simple gestures, adding more 3D points to the estimation. The segmented planes are refined using a constrained optimization, enforcing orthogonality and parallel constraints as well as minimizing the number of planes used in the reconstruction. Finally a volumetric space-carving approach determines the geometry of the environment. Our reconstruction approach can output highly accurate models built only from simple, clean geometry. To examine the quantitative performance of our approach, we run evaluations on both synthetic and real data.",
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"abstract": "In this paper, we develop a set of data processing algorithms for generating texture fa?ade meshes of cities from a series of vertical 2D surface scans, obtained by a laser scanner while driving on public roads under normal traffic conditions. These processing steps are needed to cope with imperfections and non-idealities inherent in laser scanning systems such as occlusions and reflections from glass surfaces. The driven path is cut into easy-to-handle quasi-linear segments with approximately straight driving direction.The vertical scans in each segment are recorded in a sequential topological order, and are transformed into a depth image; if available, additional 3D data from other modalities such as stereo vision is also taken into consideration. Dominant building structures are detected in the depth images, and points are classified into foreground and background layers. Large holes in the background layer, caused by occlusion from foreground layer objects, are filled in by planar or horizontal interpolation. The depth image is further processed by removing isolated points and filling remaining small holes, to obtain a textured surface mesh. We apply the above steps to a large set of data with several million 3D points, and show photorealistic texture mapped 3D models.",
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"content": "In this paper, we develop a set of data processing algorithms for generating texture fa?ade meshes of cities from a series of vertical 2D surface scans, obtained by a laser scanner while driving on public roads under normal traffic conditions. These processing steps are needed to cope with imperfections and non-idealities inherent in laser scanning systems such as occlusions and reflections from glass surfaces. The driven path is cut into easy-to-handle quasi-linear segments with approximately straight driving direction.The vertical scans in each segment are recorded in a sequential topological order, and are transformed into a depth image; if available, additional 3D data from other modalities such as stereo vision is also taken into consideration. Dominant building structures are detected in the depth images, and points are classified into foreground and background layers. Large holes in the background layer, caused by occlusion from foreground layer objects, are filled in by planar or horizontal interpolation. The depth image is further processed by removing isolated points and filling remaining small holes, to obtain a textured surface mesh. We apply the above steps to a large set of data with several million 3D points, and show photorealistic texture mapped 3D models.",
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"title": "Cultural Relic 3D Reconstruction from Digital Images and Laser Point Clouds",
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"abstract": "This paper proposes a method to combine the digital images and Laser point clouds to reconstruct the 3D model of the archaic glockenspiel. All the stations of the Laser point clouds are connected according to the ICP arithmetic. Then image matching is used to register the high resolution digital images and the Laser synchronous images to gain the corresponding texture of the Laser point clouds. Finally, build TIN of the entire point cloud model and remove the redundant points according to the angles between the normal vectors of the local surface areas. The method of this paper is simple, accurate and quick to rebuild the 3D model of an object. It is very meaningful in cultural relic protection and exhibition. The effect is obvious.",
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"content": "This paper proposes a method to combine the digital images and Laser point clouds to reconstruct the 3D model of the archaic glockenspiel. All the stations of the Laser point clouds are connected according to the ICP arithmetic. Then image matching is used to register the high resolution digital images and the Laser synchronous images to gain the corresponding texture of the Laser point clouds. Finally, build TIN of the entire point cloud model and remove the redundant points according to the angles between the normal vectors of the local surface areas. The method of this paper is simple, accurate and quick to rebuild the 3D model of an object. It is very meaningful in cultural relic protection and exhibition. The effect is obvious.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "This paper proposes a method to combine the digital images and Laser point clouds to reconstruct the 3D model of the archaic glockenspiel. All the stations of the Laser point clouds are connected according to the ICP arithmetic. Then image matching is used to register the high resolution digital images and the Laser synchronous images to gain the corresponding texture of the Laser point clouds. Finally, build TIN of the entire point cloud model and remove the redundant points according to the angles between the normal vectors of the local surface areas. The method of this paper is simple, accurate and quick to rebuild the 3D model of an object. It is very meaningful in cultural relic protection and exhibition. The effect is obvious.",
"fno": "3119b349",
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"fullName": "Jie Liu",
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"abstract": "This paper addresses the challenge of reconstructing 3D indoor scenes from multi-view images. Many previous works have shown impressive reconstruction results on textured objects, but they still have difficulty in handling low-textured planar regions, which are common in indoor scenes. An approach to solving this issue is to incorporate planer constraints into the depth map estimation in multiview stereo-based methods, but the per-view plane estimation and depth optimization lack both efficiency and multiview consistency. In this work, we show that the planar constraints can be conveniently integrated into the recent implicit neural representation-based reconstruction methods. Specifically, we use an MLP network to represent the signed distance function as the scene geometry. Based on the Manhattan-world assumption, planar constraints are employed to regularize the geometry in floor and wall regions predicted by a 2D semantic segmentation network. To resolve the inaccurate segmentation, we encode the semantics of 3D points with another MLP and design a novel loss that jointly optimizes the scene geometry and semantics in 3D space. Experiments on ScanNet and 7-Scenes datasets show that the proposed method outperforms previous methods by a large margin on 3D reconstruction quality. The code and supplementary materials are available at https://zju3dv.github.io/manhattan_sdf.",
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"abstract": "The continuously increasing number of applications for contactless smartcard systems also led to an increase of the amount of data that is transmitted from RFID tags to reader devices. This also requires high transmission speeds beyond one Mbit/s. Recently a prototype transmitting at Z_$6.78$_ZMbits/s was proposed. When transmitting data from an RFID tag to an RFID reader at such high transmission speeds the transmission suffers from inter-symbol interference. Contrary to standard communication scenarios this inter-symbol interference (ISI) is not caused by linear time invariant systems.Instead the transmission by load modulation can be interpreted as transmission through a non-linear system. For counteracting the intersymbol interference we propose a least squares (LS) equalization method. This method does not rely on the assumption that ISI is caused by a linear system but only constructs a linear system to correct ISI. We discuss the application of LS equalization for tag to reader communication by load modulation.We show how an LS equalizer can be incorporated in a RFID receiver and show by simulation that least squares equalization represents a feasible method for counteracting ISI in RFID systems. In addition simulation results concerning the effect of the training sequence length on the equalizer's performance are shown.",
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"abstract": "The paper gives an overview of non-linear least square method, and presents GPS satellite pseudorange observation equations, which are usually over-determined because there are only 4 unknowns but normally more than 4 satellites being tracked, resulting in more than 4 pseudorange observation equations. Non-linear least squares(NLS) algorithm to solve pseudorange observation equations in order to find position and clock bias solutions are described in detail. There are three tests designed, one vehicle field test and two simulation tests. There are three NovAtel made GPS receivers being used in vehicle field test, while GSS6560 GPS satellite signal generator being used in simulation tests. By employing a set of differential GPS receivers, it is possible to establish rover station receiver to give a relatively high accurate reference to be compared by NLS and another GPS receiver in the vehicle field test. Results from NLS demonstrate that NLS can achieve high accuracy. Experimental study also shows that NLS algorithm possesses similar accuracy level to that of NovAtel Receiver, which represents world leading level.",
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"content": "The paper gives an overview of non-linear least square method, and presents GPS satellite pseudorange observation equations, which are usually over-determined because there are only 4 unknowns but normally more than 4 satellites being tracked, resulting in more than 4 pseudorange observation equations. Non-linear least squares(NLS) algorithm to solve pseudorange observation equations in order to find position and clock bias solutions are described in detail. There are three tests designed, one vehicle field test and two simulation tests. There are three NovAtel made GPS receivers being used in vehicle field test, while GSS6560 GPS satellite signal generator being used in simulation tests. By employing a set of differential GPS receivers, it is possible to establish rover station receiver to give a relatively high accurate reference to be compared by NLS and another GPS receiver in the vehicle field test. Results from NLS demonstrate that NLS can achieve high accuracy. Experimental study also shows that NLS algorithm possesses similar accuracy level to that of NovAtel Receiver, which represents world leading level.",
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"abstract": "This paper presents a method of measurement of harmonics and interharmonics. Waveform distortions were traditionally regarded as harmonics distortions, fast Fourier transform (FFT) is a basically way to analyses harmonics. However, FFT is just a way to measure waveform distortion in time domain or in frequency. Increasing inter harmonics content in the power system has prompted a need to give them greater attention. In this paper, a method was proposed on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) improved FFT (DWFFT) The propose algorithm is applied to a case studies considering harmonics and interharmonics distortion and the right results are obtained and proved this algorithm is valid.",
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"abstract": "This study proposes an effective low-error point cloud simplification method to retain the physical features of the models. The value of Discrete Shape Operator (DSO) is adopted to extract the features points of the models, and those are postponed to simplify. The value of DSO is defined as the discrete sum over the directional curvature and torsion. The proposed method improves the Quadric Error Metric of vertex pair contraction, it not only effectively simplifies the point cloud model and keeps the features of object model, but also decreases the preprocessing time cost associated with feature analysis. This study also proposes a method to obtain unique simplified model for each model and the time cost involved in calculating DSO is about 17.29% of the execution time. The unique simplified model obtained by this study can significantly reduce the computation cost about 72.72% than mesh simplification which reconstruct original points first.",
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"abstract": "n this dissertation, we have provided a system of visualization for people's interest in music on social networks. This visualization system designed for interest in music on social networks provides several capabilities: (A) visualization for friends who share the same interest in music, (B) to group people who share the same interest in music into categories, and (C) to recommend songs function for an increase in the common interest in music. These capabilities provide some essential capabilities for social networking analysis. Take the following for example: general users chat with others through instant messaging on social networks. Or perhaps, they would rather start up a discussion with other users. However, discussions of this kind that share similar interests can allow users to get to know others and improve interpersonal relationships. Afterwards, they can know their friends more about what they like and what dislike. In this dissertation, the research fellows need to handle the text information gathered from Plurk (the world-famous social network) to carry out regularization. We make use of the data mining method to analyze the information on the subject of music interest. We classify various types of songs. They also substitute these keywords called different degree of preference into the iSpreadRank algorithm to give different degree of preference. In our experience, this visualization system plays an essential rule in the analysis on social network.",
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"content": "n this dissertation, we have provided a system of visualization for people's interest in music on social networks. This visualization system designed for interest in music on social networks provides several capabilities: (A) visualization for friends who share the same interest in music, (B) to group people who share the same interest in music into categories, and (C) to recommend songs function for an increase in the common interest in music. These capabilities provide some essential capabilities for social networking analysis. Take the following for example: general users chat with others through instant messaging on social networks. Or perhaps, they would rather start up a discussion with other users. However, discussions of this kind that share similar interests can allow users to get to know others and improve interpersonal relationships. Afterwards, they can know their friends more about what they like and what dislike. In this dissertation, the research fellows need to handle the text information gathered from Plurk (the world-famous social network) to carry out regularization. We make use of the data mining method to analyze the information on the subject of music interest. We classify various types of songs. They also substitute these keywords called different degree of preference into the iSpreadRank algorithm to give different degree of preference. In our experience, this visualization system plays an essential rule in the analysis on social network.",
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