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The unexamined life is not worth living A REVIEW OF “PHILOSOPHY FOR CHILDREN” Philosophy for Children was originally developed by US philosopher Matthew Lipman in America in 1969.The central feature of this program is the classroom community of enquiry, where school-age children are encouraged to talk and listen to each other, to discuss philosophical ideas, in the presence of a facilitator. It emerged as a reaction to the curriculum of state schools where there was no room for conceptual, interrogative and reflective thought. This program is also known as P4C: the first three Cs represent its aim to develop creative, critical and caring thinking in children and adults and the last C represents the collaborative environment that supports this type of thinking . In addition to the development of cognitive abilities and the work with philosophical concepts (truth, justice, beauty, goodness, language, liberty, identity) the program deals with behaviors such as developing the ability of self-correction, learning how to listen to other people, paying attention, asking for and giving reasons. The give-and-take of the community of inquiry leads to a dialectical spiral in which each individual comes to construct a more coherent meaning out of his or her wonderment at the world. (Thomas, The materials the program uses include a bunch of reading texts written for each age group, teacher manuals which contain various discussion plans and exercises and a program rationale. In a typical P4C class students read a story together, or share some other stimulus. They devise their own questions and then have a discussion guided by a teacher. Supporters of the program claim that this program is applicable to everyone no matter what their individual subject, specialty or age, cultural or social grouping. P4C is a great method to teach children or adults questioning and thinking. I believe that such a method is extremely necessary for today’s people most of whom do not devote any time for reflection and like to have fast conclusions without any reasoning. The process of dialogue which is promoted by this program helps to develop thinking skills. Hearing various opinions provides a base for students to produce more valid ideas. Critical discussion also encourages them to be more creative and imaginative. Gaining empathy and compassion for fellow human beings is another valuable outcome that students can obtain after placing themselves in imaginary problem situations, which is one of the strategies of the program. I imagined myself as a facilitator of this program in a secondary school in Turkey and I have concluded that besides the benefits that I have mentioned, the most important contribution that this program may offer for students’ personal development is establishing a safe environment where all opinions are valued and making them feel that their views are important to others. In Turkey most children do not have self-confidence to voice their ideas. They are afraid of being criticized or being made fun of. Therefore, I think, by creating situations where every student knows their views are worthy of discussion, P4C may help to develop self esteem in my students. However, I have some concerns about the application of this program. As a theory it seems perfect but I think it is viable to some handicaps during application. Firstly, since it is primarily based on oral participation, the students who like to be quiet and reflect silently may be bothered with this method. Moreover, the less able students may have difficulty in following the conversation. Sue Stack (2003) tells a bad experience of one of the practitioners like this: “Jenny explained how one girl broke down in tears after one class because she felt so inadequate- she was so unsure about what was being discussed and felt really stupid.” When I think this method in the context of Turkish students it is not hard for me to imagine how the class environment will be: most probably many of the teacher’s questions will go unanswered. Stack (2003) emphasizes that until the students have built up a sense of trust and confidence, the sessions need a lot more direction and prompting from the teacher and it is harder to get a conversation flowing. I totally agree with her about the important role teachers of the program should play. Although teacher’s role is not teaching philosophy or supplying any other knowledge, she/he has roles like providing the model of an experienced thinker and making sure that the level of thinking is high. Unless she/he initiates a structured discussion, the program may be a failure. A further significant concern of mine related to P4C is that students may lose critical thinking due to the certain strategies of the program. The program aims to promote seeing problems from different angles and appreciating the opinions of other people. If these techniques are not applied appropriately, students may begin to think that no question related to life has a right answer, which will bring about a total skepticism on the part of the students. Ohlsson (2003) claims that they may even stop asking questions believing that they will not be able to get a true answer. Therefore, during the application of the program consideration of the balance between relativism and tolerance is extremely critical. Since P4C is an internationally recognized and utilized program, cultural transferability is another factor that should be thought about by the practitioners. The reading texts which are the basis for initiating discussions should be carefully examined to see whether they are appropriate for the values of the certain culture. It is suggested that P4C classes could either be a regular part of the teaching week or be run as a special program. So it is designed as a separate course. There are not many suggestions about how to incorporate the strategies of P4C to other courses. I think unless the strategies are transferred to the other courses, P4C may not bring any use. All the potential disadvantages should be taken into account before the implementation of the program. Otherwise, good intensions may result in bad conclusions. Thomas, J. C. (1992). The Development of Reasoning in Children through Community of Inquiry. In A. M. Sharp & R. F. Reed (Eds.), Studies in Philosophy for Children Harry Stottlemeier’s Discovery Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Stack, S. (2003). Philosophy for Children- learning how to think together- a classroom experience. Holistic Education Network of Tasmania, Ohlsson, R. (2003). Tolerance, Relativism, and the Dangers of Philosophy with Children. A Dilemma., http://hem.passagen.se/bmr/Barnfilosofi/English/Ragnars.html	136,511
Famous Quotes - 13 Self Improvement Quotes by Mahatma Gandhi Famous quotes - Mahatma Gandhi - celebrity quotes - quotes by famous people It's easy to stand with the crowd. It takes courage to stand alone. It's easy to stand with the crowd. It takes courage to stand alone. ~Mahatma Gandhi #quotes and i realised this for myself . fear is the enemy ! think about anxiety or why… Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India. Wikipedia Born: October 2, 1869, Porbandar Assassinated: January 30, 1948, Birla House	104,797
This review appeared in the Jul-Sep 2006 vol. 163 no. 3 issue of Biblotheca Sacra, DTS’s quarterly academic journal.Subscribe Today Job: A Man of Heroic EnduranceInsight for Living Ministries, Nashville March 6, 2013 Combine Swindoll’s way with words with his pastoral touch. Add his careful research of the Scriptures. Sprinkle in his pointed illustrations and penetrating applications. The result? An impressive commentary on the Book of Job. In his warm, winsome ways Swindoll opens the sometimes-difficult-to-understand Book of Job. And he hammers home the many implications of this ancient book for contemporary sufferers. His concluding two chapters, “What Job Teaches Us about Ourselves” and “What Job Teaches Us about Our God,” summarize the powerful lessons in this book. Anyone who has suffered loss of any kind—possessions, job, children, spouse, health—can readily identify with Job’s intense and varied suffering. A separate publication, Job: An Interactive Study Guide (258 pp; $16.99), provides additional material, helpful for personal devotions and small-group Bible studies. This study guide includes additional comments on the Book of Job, with applicational points, questions for reflection and/or discussion, and relevant quotations from various authors. Anyone preaching, teaching, or studying the Book of Job will appreciate this significant commentary on one of the most scintillating books of the Old Testament. —Roy B. Zuck	238,340
Whaling has been for centuries. Whale oil is used for perfumery and it was the main source of combustion for oil lamps before the rise of crude oil. Not only that, but whale meat is also used as a delicacy on restaurants around the world as their specialty. Don’t we have enough of this cold-blooded killing of whales? The quest to stop whaling has begun. Watch the video and support the cause.	29,956
Arizona 1 Uranium Project, United States of America The Arizona 1 uranium project is one of four mines under full or partial development in the Arizona Strip. The Arizona Strip is owned and operated by Denison Mines and is located in the town of Fredonia, on the Arizona–Utah state line and spreads 13,000m². Energy Fuels was the original owner of the Arizona 1 uranium deposit. In 1992, Energy Fuels was acquired by the Concord Group. After declaring bankruptcy, the Concord Group was acquired by the International Uranium Corporation (IUC) in 1997. In December 2006, IUC and Denison Mines merged forming Denison Mines Corp. Mining activities at Arizona 1 began in 1990. They were suspended in 1992 at a shaft depth of 1,254ft. The target depth was 1,600ft to reach the ore body at the deposit. Before 1992, Energy Fuels dug 253 drill holes, amounting to 67,600ft of drill footage. Underground drilling was done in 236 holes amounting to 42,312ft. Surface drilling on 17 holes amounted to 25,289ft. In April 2007, development work at the deposit was initiated again. Key activities, including the rehabilitation of the shaft, underground development, sinking of an internal raise (to be used as an ore pass) and the sinking of a ventilation shaft, were completed by September 2008. In November 2009, Denison recommenced mining in Arizona 1 uranium deposit and added it to its production base. Denison has been alleged to have restarted mining at Arizona 1 without obtaining prior and full permission from the US Environment Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA claims that the mining operations at Arizona 1 are illegal as the mine remained inactive for a long period and new permission was not obtained upon transfer of ownership from Energy Fuels to Denison. Although the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (Adeq) issued an air quality permit to Denison in August 2009 to recommence mining, the EPA claims that Adeq is not the authorised agency to approve the construction activities. A litigation was filed against the company for not complying with all the rules of the US Bureau of Land Management before the start of the operation. The EPA, however, withdrew its finding of violation in April 2011 Geology and reserves Arizona 1 is made up of a solution collapse of Redwall Limestone. The throat diameter in this formation is in the order of 200ft to 300ft and has a vertical displacement throat average of 175ft. The uranium mineralisation depth is over 650ft at the Hermit Shale formation to a maximum depth of 1,400ft from the surface. In 1992, the exploration department of Energy Fuels documented the historical estimate of the mineralised material in Arizona 1 pipe. The mineral resources were estimated to be 120,000t at an average grade of 0.545% U3O8, containing 1.3 million pounds of U3O8. The cut-off grade used by Energy Fuels was 0.15% U3O8. In the first quarter of 2007, the inferred mineral resource of Arizona 1 was estimated to be 70,300t at an average grade of 0.68% U3O8, containing 956,000lb of U3O8. All mineral resources from the property were classified as inferred due to the difficulties faced in validating historical data on Arizona 1 project's mineral resources. In the 2009 mine plan, the mineral resources are estimated to contain 72,121t at an average grade of 0.66% U3O8. The cut off grade used for drilling is 0.20% U3O8. The mineralisation at Arizona 1 is a vertically located breccia pipe deposit which cuts the surroundings with uranium oxides pitchblende or uraninite ore materials. The common drill hole intersections are at a grade of 1% U3O8. The average intersection of the 12 drill holes was met at 75ft at a grade of 0.62% U3O8. The maximum drill hole intersection at Arizona 1 is 92.5ft at a grade of 1.55% U3O8. The underground mining operations are carried out through a combination of long hole and shrinkage stopping methods. The mining rate is 335t/day, operating four days a week The ore is trucked to the White Mesa mill located 325 miles away from the Arizona 1 mine. It is batch treated in the mill and recovered up to 95%. Processing of the ore from Arizona 1 at the White Mesa mill began in December 2010. About 92,800t conventional ore was carried at the mill comprising approximately 369,000lb of U3O8 and 1.73Mlb of V2O5 by December 2010. Denison Mines also had approximately 392,000lb of U3O8 contained in an alternate feed material stored at the processing plant. Production is estimated to reach 461,000lb by 2011and 240,000lb by 2012. In 1993, Energy Fuels published a feasibility report on the project. The details included a two-phase programme of exploration, development and production over a mine life of six years. The anticipated mine life is estimated be four years. The pre-production costs are estimated to be $5.6m. In 2009, the development costs were estimated at $2.3m for key developmental activities including complete underground development, erection of an ore pad at the surface and purchase of underground equipment worth $400,000. The operating costs are expected to be $30.5/lb of U3O8 comprising $13.52/lb for mining and ore haulage, $10.88/lb for milling, $5.36/lb for overheads and sales and $0.74/lb for reclamation. Denison expects to generate revenues of $50.8m, net cash flows of $22.2m and net present value (at 10% discount rate) of $17.6m at spot and long-term U3O8 prices of $53 and $65, respectively.	92,601
SAN RAFAEL (CBS SF) — A Marin County resident has tested positive for the West Nile virus, marking the first case detected in a person in the county this year, health officials said Friday. West Nile virus is transmitted to humans and animals by mosquitoes and infection rates are highest during the summer months, officials said. Human infections have been reported in 37 California counties so far this year. “It is an important reminder to take precautions against mosquito bites,” Marin County Public Health Officer Dr. Matt Willis said in a statement. Residents were encouraged to avoid mosquito bites by using a repellant and wearing protective clothing, especially during peak mosquito activity hours at dawn and dusk. Windows and doors should have tight-fitting screens without holes to keep mosquitoes outside. In addition, all standing water should be eliminated or treated to prevent mosquitoes from breeding. While most people who are infected will not become seriously ill, a small number are at risk of serious neurological illness such as encephalitis or meningitis, officials said. Those most at risk include people older than 50 and those with diabetes or hypertension. (Copyright 2013 by CBS San Francisco and Bay City News Service. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)	159,210
There has been an environmental disaster of epic proportions in Russia. The Valley of the Geyseys, one of the most spectacular places on the planet - an ecosystem of hotsprings and thermal sites much like that in Yellowstone National Park in the US, has apparently been destroyed by a massive mudslide. See the news stories TASS reports for example most of the unique hot water springs in the Valley of Geysers have been damaged beyond repair. This will affect many important research projects (including mine). For example see the web site of the Kamchatka Microbial Observatory (funded by NSF) on which I have a minor role. If anyone out there has any additional information it would be appreciated. PS Thanks to Jenna Morgan for pointing this out. PPS - Nature has run a news story on this	64,027
In front of a sold-out Great Hall in TivoliVredenburg, the Orchestra of the Eighteenth Century has just rounded off the 41st edition of the Utrecht Early Music Festival. With a programme packed with top international artists, a free Fringe programme with young talent, lectures, symposia and unique productions such as the Utrecht Passion, which can also be followed on the festival’s own streaming channel Early Music Television (EMTV), the festival was able to treat fans from all over the world to the very finest early music. Under the title Galanterie the Utrecht Early Music Festival organised more than 280 concerts, lectures and presentations between 26 August and 4 September, and swathed the city in the gold leaf and rocaille of eighteenth-century Rococo. As always, the festival theme included an extensive discourse section. Early music is about the present, as co-curator Rosi Braidotti proved: she approached gallantry as a social code, visible in daily life but also in domains such as diplomacy and even warfare. With ART HOUSE 17’s Utrechter Passion – Bach’s St John Passion provided with a new text about queer persecution in the eighteenth century and today – the festival created a thought provoking production that forced a degree of self-reflection. As always, the festival dives into the past to better understand ourselves and others. Festival director Xavier Vandamme: “The Utrecht Early Music Festival wants to show its social commitment. The concerts in the main programme fit into a framework of livestreams, lectures and debates that challenge difficult issues and stretch the boundaries of classical music conventions. With the Fringe concerts, livestreams that can be viewed all over the world via EMTV, and the Bachbox, situated on the Neude and free of charge, we make early music more accessible for a broad audience. We also do this through collaboration with social partners such as De Tussenvoorziening and the Poverty Coalition, and our own youth community, Ambassadors of Early Music.” Highlights of this festival were the residencies of Marc Mauillon and of the Netherlands Bach Society, this year celebrating their 100-year jubilee. ART HOUSE 17 were responsible for ten performances of the music theatre show Geister von Sanssouci, and Jordi Savall provided a packed Great Hall of TivoliVredenburg with music by Rebel, Telemann and Gluck. In the same hall, Les Ambassadeurs treated the audience to a giant galant orchestra. At the same time, intimate salon concerts were set up in Utrecht living rooms. There was a dance performance based on Watteau’s Fêtes galantes and the International van Wassenaer Competition had its first Late Edition.The Utrecht Early Music Festival 2023 will take place between 25 August and 3 September, with as its theme Neo!, with which the festival wishes to challenge the early music world to develop new and exciting ways of approaching musical heritage. Medieval specialist Katarina Livjanic will be co-curator. Artists in residence will be Austrian harpsichordist and conductor Michael Hell, and Frenchman Simon-Pierre Bestion with his Ensemble La Tempête.	125,426
"The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today allowed marketing of the first medical device based on brain function to help assess attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents 6 to 17 years old. When used as part of "... The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling - Serious Cardiovascular Reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] - Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Increases [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] - Psychiatric Adverse Reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] - Suppression of Growth [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] - Peripheral Vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] Clinical Trial Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Adverse Reactions Associated with Discontinuation of Treatment in ADHD Clinical Trials In the controlled trial in patients ages 6 to 12 years (Study 1), 9% (20/218) of VYVANSE-treated patients discontinued due to adverse reactions compared to 1% (1/72) of placebo-treated patients. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to discontinuation (i.e. leading to discontinuation in at least 1% of VYVANSE-treated patients and at a rate at least twice that of placebo) were ECG voltage criteria for ventricular hypertrophy, tic, vomiting, psychomotor hyperactivity, insomnia, and rash [2 instances for each adverse reaction, i.e., 2/218 (1%)]. In the controlled trial in patients ages 13 to 17 years (Study 4), 4% (10/233) of VYVANSEtreated patients discontinued due to adverse reactions compared to 1% (1/77) of placebo-treated patients. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to discontinuation were irritability (3/233; 1%), decreased appetite (2/233; 1%), and insomnia (2/233; 1%). In the controlled adult trial (Study 7), 6% (21/358) of VYVANSE-treated patients discontinued due to adverse reactions compared to 2% (1/62) of placebo-treated patients. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to discontinuation (i.e. leading to discontinuation in at least 1% of VYVANSE-treated patients and at a rate at least twice that of placebo) were insomnia (8/358; 2%), tachycardia (3/358; 1%), irritability (2/358; 1%), hypertension (4/358; 1%), headache (2/358; 1%), anxiety (2/358; 1%), and dyspnea (3/358; 1%). The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥5% and at a rate at least twice placebo) reported in children, adolescents, and/or adults were anorexia, anxiety, decreased appetite, decreased weight, diarrhea, dizziness, dry mouth, irritability, insomnia, nausea, upper abdominal pain, and vomiting. Adverse Reactions Occurring at an Incidence of 2% or More Among VYVANSE Treated Patients with ADHD in Clinical Trials Adverse reactions reported in the controlled trials in pediatric patients ages 6 to 12 years (Study 1), adolescent patients ages 13 to 17 years (Study 4), and adult patients (Study 7) treated with VYVANSE or placebo are presented in Tables 1, 2, and 3 below. Table 1 : Adverse Reactions Reported by 2% or More of Children (Ages 6 to 12 Years) with ADHD Taking VYVANSE and at least Twice the Incidence in Patients Taking Placebo in a 4-Week Clinical Trial (Study 1) \|Abdominal Pain Upper\|\|12%\|\|6%\| Table 2 : Adverse Reactions Reported by 2% or More of Adolescent (Ages 13 to 17 Years) Patients with ADHD Taking VYVANSE and at least Twice the Incidence in Patients Taking Placebo in a 4-Week Clinical Trial Table 3 : Adverse Reactions Reported by 2% or More of Adult Patients with ADHD Taking VYVANSE and at least Twice the Incidence in Patients Taking Placebo in a 4-Week Clinical Trial (Study 7) \|Increased Blood Pressure\|\|3%\|\|0%\| \|Increased Heart Rate\|\|2%\|\|0%\| Weight Loss and Slowing Growth Rate in Pediatric Patients with ADHD In a controlled trial of VYVANSE in children ages 6 to 12 years (Study 1), mean weight loss from baseline after 4 weeks of therapy was -0.9, -1.9, and -2.5 pounds, respectively, for patients receiving 30 mg, 50 mg, and 70 mg of VYVANSE, compared to a 1 pound weight gain for patients receiving placebo. Higher doses were associated with greater weight loss with 4 weeks of treatment. Careful follow-up for weight in children ages 6 to 12 years who received VYVANSE over 12 months suggests that consistently medicated children (i.e. treatment for 7 days per week throughout the year) have a slowing in growth rate, measured by body weight as demonstrated by an age- and sex-normalized mean change from baseline in percentile, of -13.4 over 1 year (average percentiles at baseline and 12 months were 60.9 and 47.2, respectively). In a 4-week controlled trial of VYVANSE in adolescents ages 13 to 17 years, mean weight loss from baseline to endpoint was -2.7, -4.3, and -4.8 lbs., respectively, for patients receiving 30 mg, 50 mg, and 70 mg of VYVANSE, compared to a 2.0 pound weight gain for patients receiving placebo. Careful follow-up of weight and height in children ages 7 to 10 years who were randomized to either methylphenidate or non-medication treatment groups over 14 months, as well as in naturalistic subgroups of newly methylphenidate-treated and non-medication treated children over 36 months (to the ages of 10 to 13 years), suggests that consistently medicated children (i.e. treatment for 7 days per week throughout the year) have a temporary slowing in growth rate (on average, a total of about 2 cm less growth in height and 2.7 kg less growth in weight over 3 years), without evidence of growth rebound during this period of development. In a controlled trial of amphetamine (d- to l-enantiomer ratio of 3:1) in adolescents, mean weight change from baseline within the initial 4 weeks of therapy was -1.1 pounds and -2.8 pounds, respectively, for patients receiving 10 mg and 20 mg of amphetamine. Higher doses were associated with greater weight loss within the initial 4 weeks of treatment [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Weight Loss in Adults with ADHD In the controlled adult trial (Study 7), mean weight loss after 4 weeks of therapy was 2.8 pounds, 3.1 pounds, and 4.3 pounds, for patients receiving final doses of 30 mg, 50 mg, and 70 mg of VYVANSE, respectively, compared to a mean weight gain of 0.5 pounds for patients receiving placebo. Binge Eating Disorder The safety data in this section is based on data from two 12 week parallel group, flexible-dose, placebo-controlled studies in adults with BED [see Clinical Studies]. Patients with cardiovascular risk factors other than obesity and smoking were excluded. Adverse Reactions Associated with Discontinuation of Treatment in BED Clinical Trials In controlled trials of patients ages 18 to 55 years, 5.1% (19/373) of VYVANSE-treated patients discontinued due to adverse reactions compared to 2.4% (9/372) of placebo-treated patients. No single adverse reaction led to discontinuation in 1% or more of VYVANSE-treated patients. The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥5% and at a rate at least twice placebo) reported in adults were dry mouth, insomnia, decreased appetite, increased heart rate, constipation, feeling jittery, and anxiety. Adverse reactions reported in the pooled controlled trials in adult patients (Study 10 and 11) treated with VYVANSE or placebo are presented in Table 4 below. Table 4 : Adverse Reactions Reported by 2% or More of Adult Patients with BED Taking VYVANSE and at least Twice the Incidence in Patients Taking Placebo in 12-Week Clinical Trials (Study 10 and 11) \|Increased Heart Rate2\|\|7%\|\|1%\| \|Upper Abdominal Pain\|\|2%\|\|0%\| \|Urinary Tract Infection\|\|2%\|\|0%\| \|1 Includes all preferred terms containing the 2 Includes the preferred terms heart rate increased and tachycardia. The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of VYVANSE. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. These events are as follows: palpitations, cardiomyopathy, mydriasis, diplopia, difficulties with visual accommodation, blurred vision, eosinophilic hepatitis, anaphylactic reaction, hypersensitivity, dyskinesia, tics, bruxism, depression, dermatillomania, aggression, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, angioedema, urticaria, seizures, libido changes, frequent or prolonged erections, and constipation. Read the Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine dimesylate) Side Effects Center for a complete guide to possible side effects Clinically Important Interactions With VYVANSE Table 5: Effect of Other Drugs on VYVANSE \|Concomitant Drug Name or Drug Class\|\|Clinical Rationale\|\|Clinical Recommendation\| \|Acidifying and Alkalinizing Agents\|\|Ascorbic acid and other agents that acidify urine increase urinary excretion and decrease the half-life of amphetamine. Sodium bicarbonate and other agents that alkalinize urine decrease urinary excretion and extend the half-life of amphetamine.\|\|Adjust the dose accordingly [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]\| Table 6: Effect of VYVANSE on Other Drugs \|Concomitant Drug Name or Drug Class\|\|Clinical Rationale\|\|Clinical Recommendation\| \|Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)\|\|Concomitant use of MAOIs and CNS stimulants can cause hypertensive crisis. Potential outcomes include death, stroke, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, ophthalmological complications, eclampsia, pulmonary edema, and renal failure.\|\|Do not administer VYVANSE concomitantly or within 14 days after discontinuing MAOI treatment [see CONTRAINDICATIONS]\| Drugs Having No Clinically Important Interactions With VYVANSE From a pharmacokinetic perspective, no dose adjustment of VYVANSE is necessary when VYVANSE is co-administered with guanfacine, venlafaxine, or omeprazole. In addition, no dose adjustment of guanfacine or venlafaxine is needed when VYVANSE is co-administered [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. From a pharmacokinetic perspective, no dose adjustment for drugs that are substrates of CYP1A2 (e.g. theophylline, duloxetine, melatonin), CYP2D6 (e.g. atomoxetine, desipramine, venlafaxine), CYP2C19 (e.g. omeprazole, lansoprazole, clobazam), and CYP3A4 (e.g. midazolam, pimozide, simvastatin) is necessary when VYVANSE is co-administered [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. Drug Abuse And Dependence VYVANSE contains lisdexamfetamine, a prodrug of amphetamine, a Schedule II controlled substance. CNS stimulants, including VYVANSE, other amphetamines, and methylphenidate-containing products have a high potential for abuse. Abuse is characterized by impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use despite harm, and craving. Signs and symptoms of CNS stimulant abuse may include increased heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and/or sweating, dilated pupils, hyperactivity, restlessness, insomnia, decreased appetite, loss of coordination, tremors, flushed skin, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain. Anxiety, psychosis, hostility, aggression, suicidal or homicidal ideation have also been seen. Abusers of CNS stimulants may chew, snort, inject, or use other unapproved routes of administration which can result in overdose and death [see OVERDOSAGE]. To reduce the abuse of CNS stimulants, including VYVANSE, assess the risk of abuse prior to prescribing. After prescribing, keep careful prescription records, educate patients and their families about abuse and on proper storage and disposal of CNS stimulants, monitor for signs of abuse while on therapy, and re-evaluate the need for VYVANSE use. Studies of VYVANSE in Drug Abusers A randomized, double-blind, placebo-control, cross-over, abuse liability study in 38 patients with a history of drug abuse was conducted with single-doses of 50, 100, or 150 mg of VYVANSE, 40 mg of immediate-release d-amphetamine sulphate (a controlled II substance), and 200 mg of diethylpropion hydrochloride (a controlled IV substance). VYVANSE 100 mg produced significantly less “Drug Liking Effects” as measured by the Drug Rating Questionnaire-Subject score, compared to d-amphetamine 40 mg; and 150 mg of VYVANSE demonstrated similar “Drug-Liking Effects” compared to 40 mg of d-amphetamine and 200 mg of diethylpropion. Intravenous administration of 50 mg lisdexamfetamine dimesylate to individuals with a history of drug abuse produced positive subjective responses on scales measuring “Drug Liking”, “Euphoria”, “Amphetamine Effects”, and “Benzedrine Effects” that were greater than placebo but less than those produced by an equivalent dose (20 mg) of intravenous d-amphetamine. Tolerance (a state of adaptation in which exposure to a drug results in a reduction of the drug's desired and/or undesired effects over time) may occur during the chronic therapy of CNS stimulants including VYVANSE. Physical dependence (a state of adaptation manifested by a withdrawal syndrome produced by abrupt cessation, rapid dose reduction, or administration of an antagonist) may occur in patients treated with CNS stimulants including VYVANSE. Withdrawal symptoms after abrupt cessation following prolonged high-dosage administration of CNS stimulants include extreme fatigue and depression. Read the Vyvanse Drug Interactions Center for a complete guide to possible interactions Last reviewed on RxList: 2/5/2015 This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances. Additional Vyvanse Information Vyvanse - User Reviews Vyvanse User Reviews Now you can gain knowledge and insight about a drug treatment with Patient Discussions. Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088. Find out what women really need.	234,706
Tomlin Leckie Blues with a feeling harp C practice 1 Blues With A Feeling by Paul Butterfield – Harmonica Lesson Harmonica Play along “Bye Bye Bird’ + free harp tab! Backing track – C: buy a ‘good harp’ for bending (hohner ms blues harp) download a Metronom, and Tuner to your phone -2 hole: yeeeeee (not bending), yoooooooo ( full bending), yeeeeee – hear the blues First play few sounds, bend them, play vibrato play this bluesy riff: -2 , -2” (full bending), -1, -2 Test your bending with Tuner or -2 , -3′ (half bending), -2 \| -2, -3′, +4, -3′, -2 When I was young I played this on the Chinese harmonica I only played few sounds but I t was bluesy My fellow played on the guitar. Listen big harmonica player: Little Walter, Sonny Terry, Sonny Boy, … Collect your harmonica jobs, riffs, record your playing. Practice every day What kind of harmonica player are you? Aug 2-15 Harmonica Challenge: Challenge Yourself! Challenges are thought to get people out of the comfort zone. May 1-15 Harmonica Challenge: Imitate Train Sounds With Your Harmonica!!! There has been a long break since the last harmonica challenge, and this concept needs to revive again!!! DeCeMbEr HaRp ChAlLeNgE!!!: https://www.reddit.com/r/harmonica/comments/a2m5rr/december_harp_challenge/ September 16-30th Challenge: 2nd Position! <3 https://www.reddit.com/r/harmonica/comments/9gavb1/september_1630th_challenge_2nd_position_3/ harmonica challenge: https://www.reddit.com/r/harmonica/wiki/challenges June 1-15 Harmonica Challenge: Ear Training! https://www.reddit.com/r/harmonica/comments/8niqh5/june_115_harmonica_challenge_ear_training/	201,139
About cookies and how we use them What are cookies? Cookies are small files placed on your computer's hard drive or in your browser memory when you visit a website. What do cookies do? Cookies help to make the interaction between users and websites faster and easier. For example, they can remember your preferences, login details or information you supply as you move through an application process. What cookies don't do is store any unencrypted personal or confidential information about you. Are cookies safe? Yes, cookies are small text files. They can t look into your computer or read any personal information or other material on your hard drive. Cookies can't carry viruses or install anything harmful on your computer. Why should I keep cookies switched on? We would like you to keep cookies active on your computer during your visits to our website because parts of the site rely on them to work properly. Cookies also help us remember which parts of our site you have visited which means we can make our online advertising more relevant to your needs and interests.	48,355
National Meeting Months Although the first "American Indian Day" was declared by the State of New York in 1916, a month long recognition of Native Americans was not achieved until 1990. In that year, President George Bush declared the first National American Indian Heritage Month on August 3rd. In each of the four previous years, Congress enacted legislation designating "American Indian Heritage Week." This consecutive legislation allowed for the establishment of a month-long observance. Also: National Diabetes Awareness Month, National Arab-American Heritage Month and Latin-American Month 1st - All Saints Day (Christian, Roman Catholic) – honors all saints, particularly those who do not have their own special feast day. It is also known as All Hallows Tide, All-Hallomas or All Hallow’s Day. 2nd - Dia de los Muertos (Mexico) – also known as the Day of the Dead, is a celebration commemorating those who are deceased with flowers and candles. 5th - Diwali (Hindu) - also popularly known as the Festival of Lights is one of the biggest festivals of Hindus. It is traditional for adherents of Diwali-celebrating faiths to light small clay lamps filled with oil to signify the triumph of good over evil within an individual. 11th - Veteran’s Day (United States) – an annual holiday to honor veterans of the armed forces. It is also celebrated as Armistice Day or Remembrance Day in other parts of the world. 14-18th - Hajj (Islam) - the pilgrimage to Mecca is one of the greatest religious observances in Islam and the largest annual pilgrimage in the world. It is the fifth pillar of Islam, a moral obligation that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so. 26th - Thanksgiving (United States) - a time to give thanks to God for the harvest and express gratitude to others for our many blessings. While historically religious in origin, Thanksgiving is now primarily identified as a secular holiday. UAB Special Events November - American Indian Heritage Month Resources: Mervyn H. Sterne Library, blog post(s), reading list, www.mhsl.uab.edu	115,053
In September 2002, three Democratic congressmen visited Iraq in an effort to prevent a war they thought was a terrible idea. Rep. Mike Thompson (D., Calif.) said very little there, explaining afterward that his sole purpose was to tell Iraqi officials that "if they want to prevent a war, they need to prevail upon Saddam Hussein to provide unrestricted, unfettered access to the weapons inspectors." On the other hand, former Rep. David Bonior (D., Mich.) and especially Rep. Jim McDermott (D., Wash.) were quite outspoken while on Iraqi soil. McDermott urged Americans to take Saddam's promises on weapons inspections at "face value" and charged that President George W. Bush was willing to "mislead the American people." Needless to say, supporters of Bush and his policies did not deal kindly with McDermott and Bonior. Writing at the time in the pro-war Weekly Standard, Stephen Hayes called them "The Baghdad Democrats" and said: "What apparently didn't concern the congressmen was the damage their trip might do abroad to any U.S.-led effort to deal with Saddam." Perhaps it's not surprising that Republicans are now reminding everyone of the trio's journey. To defend the 47 Republican senators who signed a letter to "the leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran," they invoke the everybody-does-it argument: Interfering with a president conducting a negotiation is as American as apple pie. The letter itself, written in strangely condescending language that a good civics teacher would never use, instructs the Iranians about our Constitution. Any deal reached by President Obama without congressional approval would be nothing more than an "executive agreement," the senators said. It could be voided "with the stroke of a pen" by a future president, and "future Congresses could modify the terms of the agreement at any time." It was a blatant effort to blow up the negotiations. In fact, it is utterly baffling that champions of this letter would even bring up McDermott and his colleagues. For one thing, many of the very same people who denounced the Democratic trio are now praising the letter. Hayes, for example, in an article posted last week headlined "A Contrived Controversy," said the letter, offered by "patriotic senators," was "a fact-based, substantive argument, in public, about a matter of critical importance to the national security of the United States." Let's see: It's patriotic if members of Congress contact a foreign leader to interfere with a president whose policies you don't like, but outrageous for politicians to do a similar thing to undermine a president whose policies you support. Which goes to the larger point: The three members of Congress went to Iraq on their own, without any support from their party's leaders, and were actively taken to task even by opponents of Bush's policies. At the time, I wrote a column highly critical of the visit that I didn't enjoy writing because I respect the three men. I also noted that, in light of all the pressures to fall into line behind Bush, "anyone with the gumption to dissent these days deserves some kudos for courage." Nonetheless, I argued that just as the Vietnam antiwar movement was damaged by "the open identification of some in its ranks with America's enemies," so did the congressional visit set back the cause of those who, at the time, were trying to get Congress to pass a far more restrained war resolution. By contrast, the 47 Republicans undercutting Obama include the Senate majority leader and the chairman of the Armed Services Committee and clearly speak for most of their party. Only seven Senate Republicans, to their credit, refused to sign, including Bob Corker, of Tennessee, the chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee. Two stipulations: While I support Obama's effort to reach an agreement with Iran, I also believe in a strong congressional role in setting foreign policy and embrace the freedom to dissent from a president's choices on war, peace, and diplomacy. And, yes, most of us have had moments of inconsistency when our beliefs about a substantive matter distorted our views on process issues. But tossing off a letter to leaders of a foreign state plainly designed to sandbag a president in the middle of negotiations goes far beyond normal procedural disagreements. It makes Congress and the United States look foolish to the world. It weakens our standing with allies and adversaries alike. And, yes, many Republicans seem to believe anything is permissible as long as it's designed to foil Obama. This is far more damaging to us than what those three congressmen did in Baghdad.	141,214
9 December 1925\| \|Died\|\|5 November 1995 Prague, Czech Republic \|political philosophy, philosophy of science, anthropology, nationalism\| \|Part of a series on\| \|Social and cultural anthropology\| Ernest André Gellner (9 December 1925 – 5 November 1995) was a British-Czech philosopher and social anthropologist, described by The Daily Telegraph when he died as one of the world's most vigorous intellectuals and by The Independent as a "one-man crusade for critical rationalism." His first book, Words and Things (1959) prompted a leader in The Times and a month-long correspondence on its letters page over his attack on linguistic philosophy. As the Professor of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method at the London School of Economics for 22 years, the William Wyse Professor of Social Anthropology at the University of Cambridge for eight, and finally as head of the new Centre for the Study of Nationalism in Prague, Gellner fought all his life—in his writing, his teaching, and through his political activism—against what he saw as closed systems of thought, particularly communism, psychoanalysis, relativism, and the dictatorship of the free market. Among other issues in social thought, the modernization of society and nationalism were two of his central themes, his multicultural perspective allowing him to work within the subject-matter of three separate civilizations—the Western, Islamic, and Russian. Gellner was born in Paris to Anna, née Fantl, and Rudolf, a lawyer, an urban intellectual German-speaking Jewish couple from Bohemia (which since 1918 was part of the newly established Czechoslovakia). Julius Gellner was his uncle. He was brought up in Prague, attending a Czech primary school before entering the English-language grammar school. This was Kafka's tricultural Prague: anti-Semitic but stunningly beautiful, a city he later spent years longing for. In 1939, when Gellner was 13 years old, the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany persuaded his family to leave Czechoslovakia and move to St Albans, just north of London, where Gellner attended St Albans Grammar School. At the age of 17, he won a scholarship to Balliol College, Oxford as a result of what he called "Portuguese colonial policy," which involved "[keeping] the natives peaceful by getting able ones from below into Balliol." At Balliol, he studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE), specializing in philosophy. He interrupted his studies after one year to serve with the 1st Czechoslovak Armoured Brigade, which took part in the siege of Dunkirk, then returned to Prague to attend university there for half a term. During this period, Prague lost its strong hold over him: foreseeing the communist takeover, he decided to return to England. One of his recollections of the city in 1945 was a communist poster saying: "Everyone with a clean shield into the Party", ostensibly meaning that those whose records were good during the occupation were welcome. In reality, Gellner said, it meant exactly the opposite: If your shield is absolutely filthy we'll scrub it for you; you are safe with us; we like you the better because the filthier your record the more we have a hold on you. So all the bastards, all the distinctive authoritarian personalities, rapidly went into the Party, and it rapidly acquired this kind of character. So what was coming was totally clear to me, and it cured me of the emotional hold which Prague had previously had over me. I could foresee that a Stalinoid dictatorship was due: it came in '48. The precise date I couldn't foresee, but that it was due to come was absolutely obvious for various reasons.... I wanted no part of it and got out as quickly as I could and forgot about it. He returned to Balliol College in 1945 to finish his degree, winning the John Locke prize and taking first class honours in 1947. That same year, he began his academic career at the University of Edinburgh as an assistant to Professor John Macmurray in the Department of Moral Philosophy. He moved to the London School of Economics in 1949, joining the sociology department under Morris Ginsberg. Ginsberg admired philosophy, and believed that philosophy and sociology were very close to each other. He employed me because I was a philosopher. Even though he was technically a professor of sociology, he wouldn't employ his own students, so I benefited from this, and he assumed that anybody in philosophy would be an evolutionary Hobhousean like himself. It took him some time to discover that I wasn't. Leonard T. Hobhouse had preceded Ginsberg as Martin White Professor of Sociology at the LSE. Hobhouse's Mind in Evolution (1901) had proposed that society should be regarded as an organism, a product of evolution, with the individual as its basic unit, the subtext being that society would improve over time as it evolved, a teleological view Gellner firmly opposed. Ginsberg ... was totally unoriginal and lacked any sharpness. He simply reproduced the kind of evolutionary rationalistic vision which had already been formulated by Hobhouse and which incidentally was a kind of extrapolation of his own personal life: starting in Poland and ending up as a fairly influential professor at LSE. He evolved, he had an idea of a great chain of being where the lowest form of life was the drunk, Polish, anti-Semitic peasant and the next stage was the Polish gentry, a bit better, or the Staedtl, better still. And then he came to England, first to University College under Dawes Hicks, who was quite rational (not all that rational—he still had some anti-Semitic prejudices, it seems) and finally ended up at LSE with Hobhouse, who was so rational that rationality came out of his ears. And so Ginsberg extrapolated this, and on his view the whole of humanity moved to ever greater rationality, from drunk Polish peasant to T.L. Hobhouse and a Hampstead garden. Gellner's critique of linguistic philosophy in Words and Things (1959) focused on J.L. Austin and the later work of Ludwig Wittgenstein, criticizing them for failing to question their own methods. The book brought Gellner critical acclaim. He obtained his Ph. D. in 1961 with a thesis on Organization and the Role of a Berber Zawiya and became Professor of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method just one year later. Thought and Change was published in 1965, and in State and Society in Soviet Thought (1988), he examined whether Marxist regimes could be liberalized. He was elected to the British Academy in 1974. He moved to Cambridge in 1984 to head the Department of Anthropology, holding the William Wyse chair and becoming a fellow of King's College, which provided him with a relaxed atmosphere where he enjoyed drinking beer and playing chess with the students. Described by the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography as "brilliant, forceful, irreverent, mischievous, sometimes perverse, with a biting wit and love of irony," he was famously popular with his students, willing to spend many extra hours a day tutoring them, and was regarded as a superb public speaker and gifted teacher. His Plough, Sword and Book (1988) investigated the philosophy of history, and Conditions of Liberty (1994) sought to explain the collapse of socialism. In 1993, he returned to Prague, now free of communism, and to the new Central European University, where he became head of the Center for the Study of Nationalism, a program funded by George Soros, the American billionaire philanthropist, to study the rise of nationalism in the post-communist countries of eastern and central Europe. On November 5, 1995, after returning from a conference in Budapest, he suffered a heart attack and died at his flat in Prague, one month short of his 70th birthday. Gellner was noted for his questionable sense of humour. His daughter, Sarah Gellner, revealed that one of her father's favourite jokes was, "Rape, rape, rape, all summer long", and that, "If there was one thing Dad disliked more than feminists, it was homosexual men." Words and Things With the publication in 1959 of Words and Things, his first book, Gellner achieved fame and even notoriety among his fellow philosophers, as well as outside the discipline, for his fierce attack on ordinary language philosophy (or "linguistic philosophy", Gellner's preferred phrase). Ordinary language philosophy, in one form or another, was the dominant approach at Oxbridge at the time (although the philosophers themselves denied they were part of any unified school). He first encountered the strong ideological hold of linguistic philosophy while at Balliol: [A]t that time the orthodoxy best described as linguistic philosophy, inspired by Wittgenstein, was crystallizing and seemed to me totally and utterly misguided. Wittgenstein's basic idea was that there is no general solution to issues other than the custom of the community. Communities are ultimate. He didn't put it this way, but that was what it amounted to. And this doesn't make sense in a world in which communities are not stable and are not clearly isolated from each other. Nevertheless, Wittgenstein managed to sell this idea, and it was enthusiastically adopted as an unquestionable revelation. It is very hard nowadays for people to understand what the atmosphere was like then. This was the Revelation. It wasn't doubted. But it was quite obvious to me it was wrong. It was obvious to me the moment I came across it, although initially, if your entire environment, and all the bright people in it, hold something to be true, you assume you must be wrong, not understanding it properly, and they must be right. And so I explored it further and finally came to the conclusion that I did understand it right, and it was rubbish, which indeed it is. Words and Things is fiercely critical of the work of Ludwig Wittgenstein, J. L. Austin, Gilbert Ryle, Antony Flew, Peter Strawson and many others. Ryle refused to have the book reviewed in the philosophical journal Mind (which he edited), and Bertrand Russell (who had written an approving foreword) protested in a letter to The Times. A response from Ryle and a lengthy correspondence ensued. The move to anthropology It was in the 50s that Gellner discovered his great love of social anthropology. Chris Hann, Director, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology writes that, following the hard-nosed empiricism of Bronisław Malinowski, Gellner made major contributions to the subject over the next 40 years, ranging from "conceptual critiques in the analysis of kinship to frameworks for understanding political order outside the state in tribal Morocco (Saints of the Atlas, 1969); from sympathetic exposition of the works of Soviet Marxist anthropologists to elegant syntheses of the Durkheimian and Weberian traditions in western social theory; and from grand elaboration of 'the structure of human history' to path-breaking analyses of ethnicity and nationalism (Thought and Change, 1964; Nations and Nationalism, 1983)". In 1983, Gellner published Nations and Nationalism. For Gellner, "nationalism is primarily a political principle that holds that the political and the national unit should be congruent". Nationalism only appeared and, Gellner argues, became a sociological necessity in the modern world. In previous times ("the agro-literate" stage of history) rulers had little incentive to impose cultural homogeneity on the ruled. But in modern society, work becomes technical. One must operate a machine, and as such one must learn. There is a need for impersonal, context-free communication and a high degree of cultural standardisation. Furthermore, industrial society is underlined by the fact that there is perpetual growth - employment types vary and new skills must be learned. Thus, generic employment training precedes specialised job training. On a territorial level, there is competition for the overlapping catchment areas (e.g. Alsace-Lorraine). To maintain its grip on resources, and its survival and progress, the state and culture must for these reasons be congruent. Nationalism therefore is a necessity. Criticisms of Gellner's theory: - It is too functionalist. Critics charge that Gellner explains the phenomenon with reference to the eventual historical outcome—industrial society could not 'function' without nationalism. (Tambini 1996) - It misreads the relationship between nationalism and industrialization. (Smith 1998) - It accounts poorly for national movements of ancient Rome, Greece, etc. claiming an alum type argument; insisting that nationalism is tied in 'modernity' and cannot exist without a clearly defined modern industrialization. (Smith 1995) - It fails to account for nationalism in non-industrial society and resurgences of nationalism in post-industrial societies. (Smith 1998) - It fails to account for nationalism in sixteenth century Europe.(Gorski 2000) - It cannot explain the passions generated by nationalism. Why should anyone fight and die for his country? (Connor 1993) - It fails to take into account the role of war and the military in fostering both cultural homogenization and nationalism, ignoring in particular the relationship between militarism and compulsory education. (Conversi 2007) - Words and Things, A Critical Account of Linguistic Philosophy and a Study in Ideology, London: Gollancz; Boston: Beacon (1959). Also see correspondence in The Times, 10 November to 23 November 1959. - Thought and Change (1964) - Saints of the Atlas (1969) - Contemporary Thought and Politics (1974) - The Devil in Modern Philosophy (1974) - Legitimation of Belief (1974) - Spectacles and Predicaments (1979) - Soviet and Western Anthropology (1980) (editor) - Muslim Society (1981) - Nations and Nationalism (1983) - Relativism and the Social Sciences (1985) - The Psychoanalytic Movement (1985) - The Concept of Kinship and Other Essays (1986) - Culture, Identity and Politics (1987) - State and Society in Soviet Thought (1988) - Plough, Sword and Book (1988) - Postmodernism, Reason and Religion (1992) - Reason and Culture (1992) - Conditions of Liberty (1994) - Anthropology and Politics: Revolutions in the Sacred Grove (1995) - Liberalism in Modern Times: Essays in Honour of José G. Merquior (1996) - Nationalism (1997) - Language and Solitude: Wittgenstein, Malinowski and the Habsburg Dilemma (1998) - Stirling, Paul. Ernest Gellner Obituary, The Daily Telegraph, 9 November 1995; O'Leary, Brendan. "Ernest Gellner Remembered", The Independent, 8 November 1995. - Chris Hann, Obituary, The Independent, 8 November 1995 - An Interview with Gellner - Interview with Gellner, section 2 - Nationalism Studies Program at the CEU - "Letters: Memories of Ernest Gellner". London Review of Books 33 (16). 25 August 2011. - T. P. Uschanov, The Strange Death of Ordinary Language Philosophy. The controversy has been described by the writer Ved Mehta in Fly and the Fly Bottle (1963). - Gellner, Nationalism, 1983, p. 1 - Obituary A Philosopher on Nationalism Ernest Gellner Died at 69 written by Eric Pace The New York Times 10 November 1995 - Hall, John A. 2010. Ernest Gellner: An Intellectual Biography. London: Verso. - Connor, Walker Ethnonationalism:The Quest for Understanding, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press - Conversi, Daniele 2007 "Homogenisation, nationalism and war: Should we still read Ernest Gellner?", Nations and Nationalism, Vol. 13, no 3, 2007, pp. 1–24 - Davies, John. Obituary in The Guardian, November 7, 1995 - Gorski, Philip S., "The Mosaic Moment: An Early Modernist Critique of the Modernist Theory of Nationalism", American Journal of Sociology 105:5 (2000), pp. 1428–68. - Lukes, Steven. "Gellner, Ernest André (1925-1995)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, retrieved September 23, 2005 (requires subscription) - Malesevic, Sinisa and Mark Haugaard (eds). Ernest Gellner and Contemporary Social Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. - O'Leary, Brendan. Obituary in The Independent, November 8, 1995 - Smith, Anthony D, Nations and Nationalism In a Global Era. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995. ISBN 978-0-7456-1019-1 - Smith, Anthony D, Nationalism and Modernism: A Critical Survey of Recent Theories of Nations and Nationalism. London: Routledge, 1998. ISBN 978-0-415-06341-8 - Stirling, Paul. Obituary in the [[Daily Telegraph]], November 9, 1995 - Tambini, Damian 1996 "Explaining monoculturalism: Beyond Gellner’s theory of nationalism", Critical Review, vol. 10, no 2, pp. 251–70 - "The Social and Political Relevance of Gellner's Thought Today" papers and webcast of conference organised by the Department of Political Science and Sociology in the National University of Ireland, Galway, held on 21–22 May 2005 (10th anniversary of Gellner’s death). - Kyrchanoff, Maksym. Natsionalizm: politika, mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia, regionalizatsiia (Voronezh, 2007) Detailed review of Gellner's works for students. In Russian language. \|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ernest Gellner.\| \|Wikiquote has quotations related to: Ernest Gellner\| - Gellner resource page (at the London School of Economics) - Ethics and Logic, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society LV (1954–1955), 157-178. - Catalogue of the Gellner papers at the Archives Division of the London School of Economics. - Gellner video materials, at Dspace at Cambridge repository (MP4 files). - Special Issue of the journal Social Evolution & History "The Intellectual Legacy of Ernest Gellner" (guest editor Peter Skalnik) \|William Wyse Professor of Social Anthropology Cambridge University 1984 - 1992	94,439
A Human Histologic Analysis of Osseotite and Machined Surfaces Using Implants with 2 Opposing Surfaces Richard J. Lazzara, DMD, MScD/Tiziano Testori, MD, DDS/Paolo Trisi, DDS, PhD/Stephan S. Porter, DDS, MSD, MS/Roberto L. Weinstein, MD, DDS, PhD A human histologic study was conducted to compare the percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) at 6 months for Osseotite and machined, commercially pure titanium implant surfaces. To eliminate potential influences caused by differences in bone density at different intraoral locations, 2 mm 3 5 mm, threaded, 2-surfaced titanium implants were manufactured; 1 side received the Osseotite surface modification and the opposite side maintained a machined surface. In each of 11 patients, 1 test implant was placed in the posterior maxilla (Types III and IV bone) during conventional dental implant surgery. Following 6 months of unloaded healing, the conventional implants were uncovered, and the test implants and surrounding hard tissue were removed. Histologic analysis indicated that at 6 months of unloaded healing, the mean BIC value for the Osseotite surfaces (72.96% ± 25.13%) was statistically significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the mean BIC value for the machined surfaces (33.98% ± 31.04%). When the BIC values for the machined and Osseotite surface pairs were ranked from high to low based on the machined BIC value range of 93% to 0%, the upper 50th percentile (20 surface pairs) mean BIC value was 86.1% ± 16.7% for the Osseotite surfaces and 60.1% ± 18.3% for the machined surfaces. The lower 50th percentile (19 surface pairs) mean BIC value was 59.1% ± 25.3% for the Osseotite surfaces and 6.5% ± 10.8% for the machined surfaces. Differences between mean BIC values for the 2 surfaces in both the upper and lower 50th percentiles were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that in the poorer quality bone typically found in the posterior maxilla, a statistically significantly higher percentage of bone contacts Osseotite surfaces when compared to opposing machined surfaces on the same implant.	147,603
A recent study, published in the Journal of Vertebral Subluxation Research (JVSR), suggests that chiropractic care may offer significant benefits to children suffering from learning disabilities and dyslexia. The research was conducted by Swiss chiropractor Yannick Pauli, DC, president of the Swiss Chiropractic Pediatric Association, who specializes in the care of children suffering from learning and behavioral disorders. Advertisement"This review critically assessed eight previously published studies involving a total of 160 children," Dr. Pauli explained. "Although the results remain preliminary and more research is needed, the evidence strongly suggests that chiropractic care may help various cognitive abilities that are essential to learning." Learning disorders and dyslexia affect between three and ten percent of school-aged children in the United Sates. Individuals with these disorders often suffer from low self-esteem, diminished motivation, loss of interest in school and problems in social functioning, and academic difficulties. Pauli noted that the same areas of neurological dysfunction that can lead to learning disabilities and interfere with learning could also interfere with life skills, sport activities, and family and peer relationships. "Learning disorders and dyslexia are increasingly recognized as a neurodevelopmental disorder," he stated. "Children suffering from those problems have parts of their brain that are not functioning adequately or are even delayed in their development. Among those dysfunctional areas is a small part located at the back of the brain called the cerebellum. The cerebellum plays a vital role in learning. It helps the brain coordinate and integrate the various sensory information, as well as to increase the processing speed of the brain." Numerous factors can affect the proper development of the brain, including maternal stress during pregnancy, traumatic birth, poor diet, and sedentary lifestyle. Pauli stressed that, contrary to popular belief, chiropractic is not restricted to back pain in adults. "The only source of constant stimulation to the brain comes from the spine and the postural muscles constantly adjusting to the force of gravity," he explained. "If the daily physical stresses of life cause misalignments in the spine - called vertebral subluxations by chiropractors - the brain is not adequately stimulated. This can cause problems throughout the body." He added that chiropractic adjustments, even when no back problems are evident, can improve the function of the spine and strongly stimulate nerve pathways to the cerebellum and other parts of the brain. "In the case of children, this may, in turn, help brain functions necessary for learning," he said. Matthew McCoy, DC, editor of JVSR, commented, "this study is an exciting first step. It shows the beneficial effect of chiropractic care and may offer hope for thousands of suffering children." This study is part of a larger effort undertaken by chiropractors to document and assess the potential benefits of chiropractic care in the field of learning disorders and other so-called mental disorders such as ADHD, obsessive-compulsive disorders and even autism." JVSR is a peer-reviewed scientific journal devoted to subluxation-centered chiropractic research affiliated with the World Chiropractic Alliance, an international organization representing doctors of chiropractic and promoting the traditional, drug-free and wellness-oriented form of chiropractic. An abstract of the research report is available at http://www.jvsr.com. JVSR is a peer reviewed scientific journal devoted to subluxation-based chiropractic research, affiliated with the World Chiropractic Alliance (WCA), an international organization representing doctors of chiropractic and promoting the traditional, drug-free and non-invasive form of chiropractic as a means of correcting vertebral subluxations that cause nerve interference. You May Also Like	207,888
In Emmon Bach, Eloise Jelinek, Angelika Kratzer & Barbara Partee (eds.), Quantification in Natural Languages. Kluwer (1995) \|Abstract\|\|In this paper, we discuss some rather puzzling facts concerning the semantics of Warlpiri expressions of cardinality, i.e. the Warlpiri counterparts of English expressions like one,two, many, how many. The morphosyntactic evidence, discussed in section 1, suggests that the corresponding expressions in Warlpiri are nominal, just like the Warlpiri counterparts of prototypical nouns, eg. child. We also argue that Warlpiri has no articles or any other items of the syntactic category D(eterminer). In section 2, we describe three types of readings— "definite", "indefinite" and "predicative"—which are generally found with Warlpiri nouns, including those which correspond to English common nouns and cardinality expressions. A partial analysis of these readings is sketched i n section 3. Since Warlpiri has no determiner system, we hypothesize that the source of (in)definiteness in this language is semantic. More specifically, we suggest that Warlpiri nominals are basically interpreted as individual terms or predicates of individuals and that their three readings arise as a consequence of the interaction of their basic meanings, which are specific to Warlpiri, with certain semantic operations, such as type shifting (Rooth and Partee 1982, Partee and Rooth 1983, Partee 1986, 1987), which universally can or must apply in the process of compositional semantic interpretation\| \|Keywords\|\|No keywords specified (fix it)\| \|Through your library\|\|Configure\| Similar books and articles Miriam Corris, Christopher Manning, Susan Poetsch & Jane Simpson, Bilingual Dictionaries for Australian Languages: User Studies on the Place of Paper and Electronic Dictionaries. Maria Bittner (1994). Cross-Linguistic Semantics. Linguistics and Philosophy 17 (1):53 - 108. Maria Bittner (1998). Cross-Linguistic Semantics for Questions. Linguistics and Philosophy 21 (1):1-82. Brian Butterworth & Robert Reeve (2008). Verbal Counting and Spatial Strategies in Numerical Tasks: Evidence From Indigenous Australia. Philosophical Psychology 21 (4):443 – 457. Maria Bittner & Ken Hale (2000). Comparative Notes On Ergative Case Systems. In Robert Pensalfini & Norvin Richards (eds.), MITWPEL 2: Papers on Australian Languages. Dep. Linguistics, MIT. Paul Faulstich (1998). Mapping the Mythological Landscape: An Aboriginal Way of Being-in-the- World. Philosophy and Geography 1 (2):197 – 221. Added to index2009-01-28 Total downloads7 ( #134,900 of 556,837 ) Recent downloads (6 months)1 ( #64,847 of 556,837 ) How can I increase my downloads?	101,015
Archive for April 2010 Incompetence is the cause of many ills in the software world, but increasingly I’m seeing a certain kind of competence as being just as destructive. You see, there are a lot of programmers who care deeply about their code. I did, but it turns out there are good reasons we shouldn’t do that; reasons why we should hate our code… Reason 1: It keeps you open to change The most productive way to write software is to release early and iterate quickly with feedback from real users, right? It saves us from implementing the wrong features, that it helps build a community and so on. What’s people don’t talk about as often is the impact it has on our relationship with the code. Putting a program in front of users is terrifying because they might not like it. The more lovingly we craft and polish every class before release, the more carefully we plan our abstractions and structures, the more emotionally attached we are to the way we have made it. The result is that we instinctively resist making significant changes to the code based on early feedback, even though this was the whole point. It’s an unconscious, emotional reaction that we rationalize away to ourselves by claiming the users just don’t understand the feature, or that it just needs a bit more polish when, seen objectively, the best thing to do might be to restructure it completely do do something rather different. In fact, the best way to remain responsive to your users is to hate your code. Reason 2: Jeff Atwood says that you should You can tell a competent software developer from an incompetent one with a single interview question: “What’s the worst code you’ve seen recently?” If their answer isn’t immediately and without any hesitation these two words: “My own,” then you should end the interview. — Jeff Atwood Every now and again people attack Jeff for his assertion that we write bad code, for his arms-wide-open group humility. I think people misunderstand him. The message is not you are a bad programmer, it’s that part of being – of becoming – a great programmer is writing code that you’re ashamed of. If you think all the code you write is wonderful, you’re probably not learning anything. Reason 3: If you don’t hate your code, you’re wasting too much time on it Andy Brice famously wrote that if you aren’t embarrassed by v1.0 you didn’t release it early enough – you spent too much time polishing it to meet your expectations instead of giving it to the user and finding out what they think of it. A corollary of this is that if you aren’t embarrassed by your own code then you spent time crafting and reworking it until you loved it. This is time that you should have spent trying to make a product the user will love. Nobody cares if you refactor to use the Chain of Responsibility pattern or not; they want simple, elegant features that work first time. We should spend our time delivering that, instead. Reason 4: It’s what Jesus would do No one can serve two masters. For you will hate one and love the other; you will be devoted to one and despise the other. You cannot love both your code and your users. — Matthew 6:24 (lightly paraphrased) Reason 5: Loving your code for its own sake will make your product suck Loving your own code is a kind of hubris. It presumes that you’re writing the code so that you can work on it in the future, or can show off a neat trick to your colleagues. This love is misplaced; your code isn’t going to be judged on its internal beauty and consistency. It’s going to be judged by people who just want to get their work done. They’ll love it if it makes that easier and they’ll hate it if it distracts them from that task, if it makes their lives harder. Creator: I love the power of Unix/AJAX/C#/whatever. Customer: I want to finish my work and go play outside. — Scott Belkun I once spent six months crafting a beautifully-constructed version 2.0 of our company’s product. We’d started again so we could use unit tests throughout, the code was completely modular and pleasant to work on. There was none of the spaghetti-code complexity that dogged the first version. We demoed an early prototype to management and marketing who said: Great, so it’ll be ready next month? Aghast I pointed out we still had to add a whole bunch of features and do a ton of testing. Their faces fell, and at that point I realized that it didn’t matter how beautiful the new codebase was. It would cost too much to bring it up to the feature level of the old one. Its intrinsic beauty wasn’t worth anything; only user-visible features weighed in the balance. The project was cancelled, and rightly so. To worry about code aesthetics more than the aesthetics of the product itself… is akin to a song writer worrying about the aesthetics of the sheet music instead of the quality of sounds people hear when the band actually plays — Scott Belkun Reason 6: Gandhi would want you to Hate the User class, love the user. — Mahatma Gandhi (lightly paraphrased) Reason 7: It will make you a better developer Like most people, I got into programming because I wanted to write things for myself and for my friends. During this enthusiastic newbie phase I was a happy user and a happy developer. My code sucked but I didn’t know that yet. Later on I got into programming for its own sake, I ended up caring deeply about the kind of design patterns I was applying and whether this for loop could be refactored a third time. Eventually this abstraction freak phase left me almost incapable of creating any real value because I invariably got lost in the upper echelons of the software design and never finished any useful features. Of course, when I started writing professionally I had to care about the features, and had to see my beautiful code mutilated again and again in the name of profit, of getting this feature out in time for the next release. This is enough to make anyone into a bitter veteran. Eventually I started discovering the joy of programming again, via dynamic languages and web frameworks that made it possible to get useful programs out of the door on day one. I started writing side projects I actually wanted to use. I became free to write the minimum necessary to make something useful. I’d become the ‘guru’, who mistakenly believes he’s better than everyone else because he’s finally become productive again. But I haven’t become great yet. What might the next step be? I don’t know. Reading more code? Writing less code? Perhaps. But at the moment I have a feeling that to grow in another dimension – creating awesome software – I need to sacrifice the pride I’ve built up in my art: The seventh step of humility is that a monk not only admits with his tongue but is also convinced in his heart that he is inferior to all and of less value, humbling himself and saying with the Prophet: I was exalted, then I was humbled and overwhelmed with confusion and again, It is a blessing that you have humbled me so that I can learn your commandments. — The Rule of St Benedict 7.51-54 Until today I found this quote somehow ridiculous or inhuman, yet now I’m beginning to believe that overcoming our egos and admitting that we are writing unworthy code but writing it anyway is a vital step in becoming truly great programmers. Perhaps we can let go and accept that, ultimately, the code never really mattered at all. Postscript: I’m not saying we should set out to write bad code. It’s vitally important to have an idea of how the code should end up, but instead of working and working until we achieve that and then shipping the product we must write the least we can get away with while gradually approaching the ideal. Understanding this distinction is crucial. Note: Yield Thought has moved to http://yieldthought.com – check there for the latest posts! Different environments give rise to different programming styles. Over the last few years there’s been a massive trend for software to move from: Work for a whole year then release a fixed binary, then write for another year. to the more dynamic, web 2.0 ideal of: Whip up a web application and upload each feature as soon as it’s done. This is a much more efficient way to do business, but it’s a very different kind of programming environment and benefits from a very different programming style – not the one we’ve all picked up by copying API conventions and old-fashioned corporate practices. If you’re able to make your software available to customers instantly, there is one optimal strategy: code for flexibility. The flexibility of your code is defined by the ease with which you can modify it to fulfill some purpose you hadn’t envisaged at the time you wrote it. This is important, because when you give your customers a rapidly-iterating product you’re going to find your initial guess at what they wanted was completely wrong. In fact, all your guesses are probably wrong. You’re going to spend years learning from your customers and adapting your software in all sorts of unexpected ways to fit their needs as precisely as possible. For a long time I confused generality with flexibility; I was always worrying about how I might want to use a class in the future and trying to abstract out all the common use cases right form the start. As it turns out, this is the opposite of flexibility; this builds rigidity into the project. The moment you realise that actually it makes much more sense to have flip your design so that users vote for each other’s questions a little part of you dies inside, because you now have five levels of abstraction and four different database tables to rewrite. In fact, flexible code is specific code. We want to write code that expresses, as succinctly as possible, a solution to a problem. It’s quicker to read and understand code with fewer syntactic elements, such as variables, functions and classes. It’s also quicker to repurpose. We also build flexibility – or rigidity – into the large-scale structure of our programs. I’ve often fallen in love with the idea of encapsulation for its own sake; I thought that each part of my program should be as well-hidden from the rest as possible, with only one or two well-specified interfaces connecting things. This is a very tempting dream that results in a kind of tree-like structure of classes. This is extremely rigid, because by design it’s difficult to get access to classes in another branch of the tree. The best way to build for flexibility is drawn from the Lisp world and championed by Paul Graham: when working on a problem, write code that builds up into a language for describing and reasoning about the problem succinctly. You can magnify the effect of a powerful language by using a style called bottom-up programming, where you write programs in multiple layers, the lower ones acting as programming languages for those above. This way the solution ends up being a clear, readable algorithm written in this language – the language of the problem domain. In non-lisp languages you end up with a set of functions and classes that make it easy to reason about the problem, a little like the standard string and mail classes make it easy to work with strings and email. Building up code for reasoning about the problem domain is vital for flexibility, because although our solution to the problem might change drastically as we get extra insights from our customers, the domain of the problem will probably only change incrementally as we expand into new areas. Adopting this flatter, domain-language appropach to program design almost always increases flexibility. Another aspect of flexibility is robustness. A function or class that makes assumptions about the circumstances it is called in is going to break as soon as we repurpose it in some other part of the code; sooner or later I always forget that the caller needs to check the file exists, or that the user isn’t null and already has a validated address. There are two schools of thought on how to deal with this – contract programming (essentially visible, machine-verified preconditions) and defensive programming (make no assumptions, handle all the exceptions you can locally and try hard not to destroy any persistent state if things go wrong). It doesn’t really matter which you use, but use one of them. Many of the extreme programming principles help us write flexible code – the c2 team recognized that: Change is the only constant, so optimize for change. They looked at this from a project management perspective, but code guidelines like Don’t Repeat Yourself and You Ain’t Gonna Need It are well-recognized as being fundamental to producing flexible code. In fact, these two oft-quoted principles are worth looking at more closely in terms of how they create flexibility. Don’t Repeat Yourself: When modifying a bit of code it doesn’t help if there are three or four undocumented places it also needs to be changed; I never remember them all. A perfectly good way to deal with this is to add a comment in each block mentioning the link rather than to refactor right away. Over-zealous refactoring tends to merge lots of bits of code together that look kind of similar but ultimately end up going in different directions. At this point very few people take the logical step of splitting a class or subsystem back into two more specialized units; instead it’s over-generalized again and again until it’s completely unmaintainable Refactoring should always be Just In Time, because the later you leave it the better you understand the problem; refactor too soon and you’ll combine things in a way that restricts you later, building rigidity into the system. You Ain’t Gonna Need It: This doesn’t just apply to extra functionality. It applies to all elements of your code, from accessors (a waste of time in most cases) to overall class structure. You’re not going to need to handle N kinds of book loan, you’re going to handle at most two, so don’t write some complicated code to handle the general case. You’re not going to need three classes, one interface and two event types for your “please wait” animation because there’s only ever going to be one and it’s always going to be while printing. Just write a function with a callback and release – the simpler it is, the quicker we can write it today and the more easily we can modify it tomorrow. There is a tension here. On the one hand, we want to write our software by constructing recombinable blocks that represent the problem domain, yet on the other we want to write the simplest thing possible – and writing reusable blocks of code isn’t usually the simplest thing possible. This tension is resolved when we stop looking at a program as a snapshot of its state at any one time and instead look at it as an evolving codebase with many possible futures. So we write the simplest thing possible, yet while doing so we keep an eye on its potential for being refactored into nice, reusable blocks and avoid doing making poor choices that will make that process difficult. The potential for refactoring is just as valuable as the refactoring itself, but by deferring the refactoring we keep our options open. The ability to see the code you’re writing today and its possible evolution through time is something you can focus on learning, but it also grows with experience. It’s one of the things that makes a great hacker’s code subtly better than a newbie’s code – both start writing simple code that addresses the problem directly, but the newbie makes all sorts of small structural mistakes that get in the way of the code’s growth, whereas the hacker knows when it’s time to turn this set of functions into a class, or to abstract out this behaviour, and has already prepared the way for doing so. The effect is to make programming look effortless again, naturally flowing from the simple into the complex. I’m not a great hacker who does this as naturally as breathing. I have tasted it, have seen glimpses of it in my own work and in other people’s, but I still make mistakes; I mistime my refactoring – sometimes too early, sometimes too late. I still bind objects to each other too tightly here, or too loosely there. Despite my failings, just aiming at this goal makes me far more productive than I’ve ever been before. It’s not an all-or-nothing premise. The closer you come, the smoother and lower-friction your development will be. We can gather all these heuristics together into a concise manifesto: A Manifesto for Flexibility - Write new code quickly, as if you’re holding your breath. Cut corners and get it in front of users as quickly as possible. - Keep your code specific, with a clear purpose. Don’t over-generalize and don’t refactor too early – it should be as simple as possible, but not simpler. - Stay aware that all code is thrown away or changed dramatically. Hold the image of the refactoring you’d like to do in your mind and avoid doing things that will make it more difficult – this is slightly better than doing the refactoring now. - Recognize the point at which simple code becomes messy code and refactor just enough to keep the message clear. Just In Time refactoring is not the same as no refactoring. - Build up a language for reasoning about your domain and express your application in that language. Avoid building up a large, rigid hierarchy of over-encapsulated classes that embody your particular solution to the problem. Postscript: You should do this in a startup and you should do it in personal project, but you shouldn’t do it everywhere. If, say, you’re writing the Java or .NET API then none this applies to you because: - Millions of people will abuse your API in every way possible the very second it’s released. - Every time you change something a howling mob will descend upon your office, making it difficult to get a good parking spot.	89,570
Some companies are fortunate enough to have a 5-Axis machining center and others have discovered that they really do not need such a machine when all the machining jobs they need done are handled by automated machines. One of the reasons they are going this route is that they are able to get the job done faster and without error or lost time. Companies that are dedicated to making the best possible products for their customers are doing their due diligence to ensure the quality of their products are of the highest quality. The most common mistakes made by many businesses is when they are manufacturing equipment that is too complex for human operators to operate properly, such as the 4-axis mill. Many of these operators are not capable of operating this equipment safely because it requires them to be trained properly and in a proper manner that does not place them at risk of sustaining injuries. It is imperative that they have hands on training with this type of equipment so they can operate the machine properly in order to get the work done correctly. This will allow them to keep the lines of work clean and up and running smoothly so they can keep customers satisfied. There are other times when it is more economical for a company to have a 5-Axis center automation rather than an automated machine. In most cases, the costs of these machines are much less per hour when it comes to the operational cost when compared to how much the operator needs to pay. Many of these units cost less per hour than the higher end ones, because they are smaller and more efficient when it comes to what they produce. These units also tend to perform tasks quicker because they are capable of handling more volume, which means that they can handle more jobs in the same amount of time as larger machines could. Another way that smaller and less costly machines can help out a company is that they can accomplish many of the tasks that robotic arms are capable of doing because they do not take as long to set up. When you think about the amount of time it takes for robotic arms to work at full capacity, the time it takes for a smaller machine to work becomes negligible. This means that when you want to achieve process accuracy or when you need to move your production line faster you can do so using these types of machines. When you compare the size of these machines to that of robotic arms, you can see why these machines have gained in popularity. Manufacturers of these machines are able to offer very competitive prices because they have to offer quality products for the price that they charge the consumer. They have to offer both the affordability and quality of products that all consumers need to be able to move forward.	28,082
Last night at about ten o’clock, I read a review of some introductory research suggesting that the loss of the sense of smell is one of the earliest signs of dementia. Specifically, if the sense of smell is more impaired in the left nostril, it may be an early sign of Alzheimer’s. If the greater impairment is in the right nostril, it may indicate some other form of cognitive impairment. The research used about a tablespoon of peanut butter with a blind-folded patient who was instructed to indicate when they could smell it. A difference of about ten centimeters (four inches) in the distance between when the peanut butter was detected by the right and left nostrils turned out to be significant. I dashed into the kitchen and dished up a soup -spoon of peanut butter. It could hardly be called a blind study, since it was self-administered, but it seemed to me I couldn’t smell peanut butter with either or both nostrils, at any distance. I dug around the cupboards for something more strongly scented, but although curry powder made me sneeze, I couldn’t actually say I could smell it. Ditto for the vinegar, orange, and tomato juice. My scientifically validated conclusion, based on this evidence, is that either a) my allergies are still acting up, b) I’ve never had a good sense of smell, c) peanut butter doesn’t have a smell, or d) I’m in the late stages of cognitive impairment. (Notice how I have cleverly omitted the possibility that I’m in the early stages of Alzheimer’s.) I have noticed, though, that I have to concentrate harder than I used to when I’m working on cognitive tasks or trying to figure out a problem — like how to make some new gadget work that three-year-olds can figure out in about as many minutes. I also concluded many years ago that achieving true and honest self-knowledge makes understanding quantum physics look easy. So if I’m really loosing it, some complete stranger reading this blog will probably know it well before I do.	269,932
WC&P is proud to offer this comprehensive glossary to our readers and website visitors. This living document is intended to serve as an easy-to-use reference source for information on the POU/POE water treatment industry. Any suggestions or input that would further enhance or expand the glossary are strongly encouraged. We would like to formally thank and credit such organizations as WQA, AWWA, WEF, Lenntech and other web glossary sources for providing some of the basis and background of this compendium. The addition of substances to neutralize water, so that it is neither acid, nor basic. Neutralization does not specifically mean a pH of 7.0; it just means the equivalent point of an acid-base reaction.	63,530
Belfield to consider constructing new school Courtesy of The Dickinson Press, by Kayla Henson By the end of next week, Belfield Public School’s administration will mail a packet of information and a survey to residents in their district and in Billings County, where some of the school’s students live, to gauge community support for a project. The oldest of the four buildings that make up Belfield Public School is over 80 years old, and the district as a whole is at capacity. The district has hired a company to complete a study to determine the feasibility of building a new facility. The district last received an estimate for a new school about four years ago — $30 million, said Superintendent Wade Northrop. Given that the district is so small, it will rely heavily on fundraising to afford a new building. Northrop said the district won’t try to raise it all in one year, but rather over a period of at least three years. The packet of information includes a rough layout of what a new school might look like and lists the problems with the current buildings. The current school is made of four buildings, the first of which was constructed in 1934. The additional buildings were added in 1957, 1977 and 1978, respectively, making the newest part of the school 40 years old. Due to its age, the school is showing “substantial wear.” Its foundation is deteriorating. It is not energy efficient. It has limited handicap accessibility and insufficient parking. The high water table continuously causes damage. The district hired a company to complete assessments of the buildings on everything from the foundation to the roof, Northrop said. “They’re gonna give us an idea of some of the things that we should look at replacing,” he said. “They’ll have those quotes for us and that information for us probably about the same time we get our surveys back.” They’d like to take the survey results into consideration when determining which projects to pursue, but regardless of the outcome of the surveys, the school needs work. “We still have to maintain the buildings we have,” Northrop said. “We’ll be looking at some updates on some areas inside the building here.” The school, like many in the surrounding area, is also facing capacity issues. In a letter to the community, Northrop wrote, “We have seen an increase in enrollment since 2013 and believe it will continue to increase due to consistent oil and gas exploration/production and the apparent construction of the Davis Refinery, just west of Belfield.” There is no room for additional buildings on the school’s existing plot of land without encroaching on the playground. Belfield Public School’s pre-school classes are being held at the former St. Bernard’s Parish Center, owned by St. Bernard’s Catholic Church, where the school rents a couple classrooms. If the new school is funded, it will be built on 30 acres of land the district already owns, located along Highway 10 about a half mile west of the current school. The new building would offer community members a public meeting facility, gym/fitness center and media center. The community could use the school for adult community education and access a possible auditorium for town hall meetings. Read Source Here (TheDickinsonPress.com)	249,031
"Nov. 12, 2012 -- iPads and other tablets with backlit screens may allow millions of people with "low vision" to read faster and easier, a new study suggests. Low vision is an umbrella term for people who still have trouble reading, wa"... - Patient Information: Details with Side Effects Mechanism of Action Corticosteroids inhibit the inflammatory response to a variety of inciting agents and probably delay or slow healing. They inhibit the edema, fibrin deposition, capillary dilation, leukocyte migration, capillary proliferation, fibroblast proliferation, deposition of collagen, and scar formation associated with inflammation. There is no generally accepted explanation for the mechanism of action of ocular corticosteroids. However, corticosteroids are thought to act by the induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, collectively called lipocortins. It is postulated that these proteins control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes by inhibiting the release of their common precursor arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid is released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2. Corticosteroids are capable of producing a rise in intraocular pressure. Loteprednol etabonate is structurally similar to other corticosteroids. However, the number 20 position ketone group is absent. The anti-infective component in the combination (tobramycin) is included to provide action against susceptible organisms. In vitro studies have demonstrated that tobramycin is active against susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococci, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis (coagulase-positive and coagulasenegative), including penicillin-resistant strains. Streptococci, including some of the Group A-beta-hemolytic species, some nonhemolytic species, and some Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, most Proteus vulgaris strains, Haemophilus influenzae and H. aegyptius, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and some Neisseria species. In a controlled clinical study of ocular penetration, the levels of loteprednol etabonate in the aqueous humor were found to be comparable between Lotemax and Zylet treatment groups. Results from a bioavailability study in normal volunteers established that plasma levels of loteprednol etabonate and Δ1 cortienic acid etabonate (PJ 91), its primary, inactive metabolite, were below the limit of quantitation (1 ng/mL) at all sampling times. The results were obtained following the ocular administration of one drop in each eye of 0.5% loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic suspension 8 times daily for 2 days or 4 times daily for 42 days. This study suggests that limited ( < 1 ng/mL) systemic absorption occurs with 0.5% loteprednol etabonate. Last reviewed on RxList: 3/5/2013 This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances. Additional Zylet Information Zylet - User Reviews Zylet User Reviews Now you can gain knowledge and insight about a drug treatment with Patient Discussions. Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088. Get breaking medical news.	201,548
This article follows on from Dr Tim Dixon's recent UX Matters article on the Digital Impact Framework (DIF) and webinar on Strategic Impact Evaluation: Measuring the return on digital. As humans, our brains are wired to seek patterns, order and meaning in the world. It’s therefore unsurprising that we’re also compelled to search for meaningful, individual purposes in life. The challenge lies in understanding what comprises a purposeful life. For example, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs places self-actualisation as the ultimate goal in life. But what aspects of purpose are shared between individuals? An answer is provided by the Japanese concept of Ikigai, a model defining one’s reason for existing. “The word ikigai is usually used to indicate the source of value in one's life or the things that make one's life worthwhile.” As a holistic approach to understanding what a person lives for, the Japanese philosophy of ikigai is often used as a way to describe and find balance in various facets of one’s life. This is in contrast to just focusing on money, for example; studies into human subjective well-being, happiness and wealth suggest such concepts as life purpose and life quality are multidimensional. Ikigai considers all of us all to have four driving forces in life: • What will make the world better (innovation) • What you’re able to do well (skill) • What you love doing (connection) • What you’ll receive money for doing (economy) Fig 1: The Ikigai concept represented as a Venn Diagram Following on from personal ikigai, how might we consider the greater purpose of an organisation? An organisation by its very nature is comprised of individuals, and so they each bring their own distinct motivations and purpose to the collective. One way that an organisation can draw together the individual ikigai of its staff is through meaningful, inspirational leadership. What an organisation strives for “Very few organisations know WHY they do what they do. WHY is not about making money. That’s a result. WHY is a purpose, cause or belief. It’s the very reason your organisation exists.” Simon Sinek - How Great Leaders Inspire Action Sinek’s Golden Circle model states: • Successful leaders should usually know (and inform their employees of) what they want to achieve that is of value. • Some motivating leaders will know how they will achieve it. • But few leaders will know and inspire their organisations with why they will produce things of value. Fig 2: Sinek's Golden Circle Model “Value is a perception, not a calculation. It is something people feel not something we tell them they get.” So, we have individuals with purpose working for organisations that make things of value. How do we establish the wider benefits of this sequence? One answer comes from considering the impact of those offerings of value. Measuring digital impact “Impact is the tangible change that research provides, be it in policy, business, industry or society.” Oxford University e-Research Centre In the current context, we can extend the above to definition to: ‘impact is the measurable long-term consequence of activity that’s of lasting value’. While the value is near-impossible to measure in and of itself, impact provides a proxy for that value based around innovation, process, social and economic drivers. Digital impact and value The Digital Impact Framework (DIF) was introduced in the UX Matters article: Measuring the Value of UX. Closely aligning with the four individual drivers of purpose found in ikigai, we provide a way of measuring impact based on: • What your organisation will provide that makes the world better (innovation) • What your organisation will do to enable people to work well (skill) • What well-being your organisation will bring to society (connection) • What your organisation will generate money from doing (economy) This approach therefore provides a balanced and holistic strategic tool for measuring a project’s impact, and by proxy, the value generated by the organisation. The Digital Impact Framework in practice By helping an organisation to measure the value of its work, the DIF also supplies the iterative loop back to the individuals that work for the organisation, helping them to see how their own purpose aligns with the organisation’s goals. Figure 3: The cyclical relationship between purpose, value and impact If business leaders can show their staff how organisations impact innovation, skill, connection and economy, they can support individual purpose in these areas. By adopting such a strategy, we will be able to work towards a profoundly new way of conceiving organisational responsibility in a more sustainable digital future. - Journeys with Unicorns - A UX Strategy Whitepaper - Experience strategy - How to disrupt your competitors with superior UX - UX strategy - The problem with digital transformation - Moving to UX maturity - Listen, Learn, Respond Find out more Are you at an early stage of tech growth? Are you considering new digital practices and need to map the trajectory of your work? Perhaps you're well-established and are in digital maturity, but are seeking evidence to illustrate your wider societal impact. Whatever your stage of development, we’re excited to hear more from businesses and leaders who want to explore their organisation’s digital culture. Give us a call on +44 (0) 117 929 7333 or send us a message.	223,332
Whenever there is an international security issue that merits the attention of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), China’s intentions are often questioned. Is China willing to work and solve crises within the international order or is it intent on replacing current systems? Looking at China’s interactions with international security concerns — particularly with regard to “rogue” states — can give us some answers. In any society, members are socialized to rules and they either adapt or get shunned. Likewise, states must observe key norms and values or be characterized as an outcast. While there is no exact definition of a rogue state, it usually refers to a nation that is or has been a cause of regional/international instability, a target of UNSC action, a member of the developing world with an authoritarian ruler/group of rulers that has experience internal disorder, and/or a state sponsor of terror. With these actors, numerous norms are at play. China’s interpretation of its role in international institutions, conceptualization of non-intervention/sovereignty, and non-proliferation play a major part in its interactions with rogue states. Sudan, Iran, and North Korea are perfect examples to illustrate China’s various responses. Each is a textbook rogue state, but for different reasons.Enjoying this article? Click here to subscribe for full access. Just $5 a month. China’s relationship with North Korea is complicated. While China is perceived to have significant influence over the nation, the reality is more complex. China maintains relations with Pyongyang to somewhat preserve stability. During the first nuclear crisis, China left the United States to deal with the Koreas. Washington had wanted China’s help, but North Korea did not want them involved. China’s more active role began after North Korea withdrew from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 2003, starting the second crisis. Even then, China predominantly limited itself to mediation or facilitation. North Korea’s nuclear test — and its abrupt notification to China — drastically changed the situation. China issued a harsh condemnation and allowed sanctions. Each subsequent test resulted in harsher sanctions and calls for talks. For Xi Jinping, China’s president, relations with North Korea started off on the wrong foot. In the short time between Xi becoming general secretary and president, North Korea conducted a satellite launch and its third nuclear test, clearly a provocation. As a result, China supported further sanctions. North Korea has continually ignored China’s calls for restraint. North Korea’s two nuclear tests last year further strained relations. In response to those tests, the United States and China worked together to strengthen UNSC sanctions. China even worked with the U.S. to maximize the impact of these new sanctions, having either vetoed or watered down the previous ones. As North Korea continues to be an issue, China will further enforce sanctions and call for restraint. Dealing with Iran shows a gradual but noticeable change in China’s approach. Iran’s quest to build a nuclear weapon, combined with its connections to terrorist groups, defines its status as a rogue. In the 1980s-1990s, much of the China-Iran relationship revolved around the sale of weapons and weapons technology. However, prioritizing relations with the United States, China canceled weapons sales and nuclear assistance. This underscored that China’s relationship with Iran was purely business. Continuing into the 2000s, China viewed a nuclear Iran as a bilateral problem between the United States and Iran. China delayed referrals to the IAEA and the UNSC — giving Iran a chance to prove its peaceful intentions. When that failed, China pushed for presidential statements, then lighter resolutions, until Iran’s non-compliance could no longer be ignored. China continually called for mediation and publicly called for cooperation. As Iran repeatedly failed to comply with international requests, sanctions grew harsher. China remained active in Iran, but allowed for sanctions. UNSCR 1929 in 2010 paved the way for unilateral sanctions, and while China did not publicly agree, they privately instructed some companies to observe them. This helped bring Iran back to the table for the negotiations that would become the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Here, China was viewed as a key mediator. China was said to have persuaded Iranian leadership of the benefits of the deal and became more actively involved. Sudan shows a clear evolution of China’s adaptation to unexpected circumstances. Initially, Sudan earned its rogue moniker through its 1990s connections with al-Qaeda and the crisis in Darfur. China’s relationship with Sudan was initially based out of mutual necessity — Sudan needed trading partners and China needed oil. China continued this “business is business” approach up until the peak of the Darfur crisis. International attention focused on the conflict and pulled China — and the 2008 Olympics — into the discussion. As China wanted to look like a responsible power, they had little choice but to act. While dragging their feet in the UNSC, China appointed a diplomat to specifically deal with the crisis and sent high-level officials to Khartoum to obtain Omar al-Bashir’s compliance. These efforts broke past precedent and clearly indicated a shift in how China interpreted non-intervention/sovereignty. The referendum for South Sudanese independence continued this trend — from China’s non-involvement in the peace agreement to active acceptance and support of UN efforts to ensure a fair vote. Shortly after independence, South Sudan fell into civil war, further intensifying China’s role. China acted as a mediator, but after initial failed attempts, finally sent their first ever battalion of UN military peacekeepers. This emphasized how it viewed its role and further muddied China’s definition of non-interference. Each example shows that, while imperfect in implementation, China understands the role it should take in international affairs and increasingly acts in such a way. China’s early inaction was a result of not viewing issues as their concern. However, as their interests and roles within the international community grew, China became more involved in searching for solutions. This role has intensified with a willingness to address issues in their own way. China began addressing these cases through mediation, and while this is still a preference, its toolbox has expanded to include influence, peacekeeping, and even sanctions. China’s role has moved beyond a strict definition of non-interference and sovereignty to a more “constructive engagement” that understands the values of upholding international norms. Their actions now more accurately reflect its presence in international affairs and are conducted in the interest of maintaining stability and ensuring peaceful resolution. This clearly shows that China’s membership in the international system has resulted in an internalization of values and norms as China has chosen to stay within the international community rather than go outside it. Daniel Johanson is a Ph.D. candidate at King’s College London focusing on Chinese foreign policy towards North Korea, Iran and Sudan. This article has previously been published on the EastWest Institute Policy Innovation Blog.	153,686
By now you are ready to start diversifying your income, gain financial freedom, and step into the new world on edupreneurship. Although, you may not know how to get started. Or, perhaps your business or blog has hit a dead end. I know firsthand how frustrating building a business around teaching can be. A lack of time leading to the unsettledness of not knowing what to focus on first is all too real to me. You know you’ve got to do it the right way. Otherwise, you’ll literally be more tired, more frustrated, your business will suffer and so will your teaching. That financial freedom you’re dreaming about will feel as though it is even further away. Setting the correct systems and habits is your key to freedom and impact on your life and that of your students. You’ve paid your dues: an endless toil of long commutes, life-sucking meetings, cramped desks, cranky colleagues, and a seemingly unbearable workload. It is time to start your passion-project. It is time to start your side hustle. The same questions keep you awake at night … Like anyone, you find financial freedom appealing. Although, like every teacher, you don’t do it for the money. You know that you care about your job and your students. But do you ever find yourself lying awake at night, burdened with one or more of these questions? - “How do I find the time?” - “How do I manage to work on myself?” - “How do I fit in that gym session?” - “How do I best help my students?” - “How do I limit my clutter and focus on what is essential? What you need - You need a specialist: someone that genuinely understands, someone who advises and someone who has reaped the rewards. - You need a new voice: someone that can provide keen perspective and refreshing ideas. You’re too close to the subject (because it’s you!) … Sometimes it is tough to see the label when you’re in the jar. - You need a trusted partner: someone who has a vested interest in your success wins only when you win, and has helped others do the same. - You need a time saver: someone that can free you up and competently work behind-the-scenes so you can do the things that are important. - You need a system: because you don’t need to use all of your willpower to achieve. Put your success on auto-pilot. - You need permission to succeed: sometimes we are our own worst enemy and all you need is that person to allow you to achieve your potential. Abdul Kalam said it best, “you cannot change your future, you can change your habits. And surely your habits change your future”. Today is the day to take control of the present so that you can control your future. I became a coach to help you and people like you – teachers that know they are made for something more than the regular school day. Ones that want to give back, grow a business and build their skills in the classroom as a result. You are not alone.	63,936
English Language Arts Common Core State Standards (CCSS): What Are Your Students Reading? The English Language Arts CCSS are not only aligned to college and career expectations, they are specifically spiraled in what’s called a staircase of increasing complexity. This staircase helps us to identify what levels of text students must be able to read As part of the #DENmas season, I sent some supplies to the team and challenged them to create a #DENmas tree. The results speak for themselves. What do you think? Vote for your favorite three #DENmas trees that were created by our team. The winner will get a $25 gift card to Denny’s. Click here The Discovery Education Support team would like to welcome Irina Divinsky to the team! I asked her to write a bit about herself so that the Cache and Cookies readers can get to know her. I was born in Techbook Even More Mobile You now have even greater access to the Techbook on your Smart Device. Thanks to our HTML 5 conversion, we are now fully iPad & iPhone compatible.	30,111
Scrabble word: FLASKS In which Scrabble dictionary does FLASKS exist? Definitions of FLASKS in dictionaries: - noun - bottle that has a narrow neck - noun - the quantity a flask will hold - noun - a narrow-necked container There are 6 letters in FLASKS: A F K L S S All anagrams that could be made from letters of word FLASKS plus a wildcard: FLASKS? Scrabble words that can be created with letters from word FLASKS Images for FLASKS SCRABBLE is the registered trademark of Hasbro and J.W. Spear & Sons Limited. Our scrabble word finder and scrabble cheat word builder is not associated with the Scrabble brand - we merely provide help for players of the official Scrabble game. All intellectual property rights to the game are owned by respective owners in the U.S.A and Canada and the rest of the world. Anagrammer.com is not affiliated with Scrabble. This site is an educational tool and resource for Scrabble & Words With Friends players.	96,722
Head of Department and Professor of Zoology Email for HoD business: firstname.lastname@example.org Email for research: email@example.com PA to Prof. Akam: Paula McPhee firstname.lastname@example.org (336601) Michael Akam took his first degree in Zoology at Cambridge, where the influence of Sidney Brenner and Peter Lawrence kindled his interest in developmental genetics and pattern formation. As a graduate student in Oxford he identified and mapped genes encoding the larval blood proteins of the fruit fly Drosophila. He moved to the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford in 1979, where he participated in the first isolation of the developmental control genes now known as Hox genes. Returning to the Genetics Department in Cambridge in 1982, he was able to show for the first time that Hox genes are expressed at specific positions along the body axis of animals. He has since worked on many aspects of the functional organisation of Hox genes in fruit flies and other species. Over the last twenty years he has exploited our growing knowledge of developmental genetics to study the genetic basis for animal diversity, particularly among arthropods. His current passion is for the embryos of centipedes, and the biology of segment formation. In 1989, he moved as a founding member to the Wellcome/CRC Institute for Cancer and Developmental Biology in Cambridge. In 1997 he became Director of the University Museum of Zoology, and in 2010, Professor of Zoology and Head of the Department of Zoology. He has been a Fellow of Darwin College since 2006. - Laboratory for Development and Evolution: - Group Leader. I am interested in the evolution of developmental mechanisms ("Evo-Devo"), and how changes in development lead to changes in the form and function of organisms. Most of our work is with arthropods. We have a long standing interest in the role of the "Hox" family of developmental regulatory genes: How their regulation and expression leads to the range of different segment morphologies in Drosophila; how changes in the role of Hox genes may be related to the pattern of segment diversity in other insects, in basal hexapods, in crustaceans and in myriapods. We also use a range of species including beetles, centipedes and onychophorans to study the mechanisms that lead to axial patterning and segmentation in species that develop in ways very different from the well studied Drosophila. We use a range of genetic and embryological techniques including comparative genomics, molecular embryology, 4D live imaging, gene knockdown by RNAi and transgenesis. We have been members of the Marie Curie training networks Zoonet and most recently Evonet, consortia of laboratories across Europe studying the evolution of development and gene regulatory networks. We are members of the Strigamia maritima genome consortium, which has recently sequenced and annotated the first myriapod genome (that of a centipede), now published at http://metazoa.ensembl.org/Strigamia_maritima) - Clark, E. and Akam, M. (2016) Odd-paired controls frequency doubling in Drosophila segmentation by altering the pair-rule gene regulatory network. bioRxiv. Preprint published online 09/05/2016. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/052241 - Chipman, A. D., Ferrier, D. E. K., Brena, C., [99 others], Akam, M. and Richards, S. (2014) The first myriapod genome sequence reveals conservative arthropod gene content and genome organisation in the centipede Strigamia maritima. PLOS Biology 12(11): e1002005. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002005 - Hunnekuhl, V. S. and Akam, M. (2014) An anterior medial cell population with an apical-organ-like transcriptional profile that pioneers the central nervous system in the centipede Strigamia maritima. Dev. Biol. 396:136-149. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.020 - Konopova, B. and Akam, M. (2014) The Hox genes Ultrabithorax and abdominal-A specify three different types of abdominal appendage in the springtail Orchesella cincta (Collembola). EvoDevo 5: 2. doi:10.1186/2041-9139-5-2 - Brena, C. and Akam, M. (2013) An analysis of segmentation dynamics throughout embryogenesis in the centipede Strigamia maritima. BMC Biology 11:112. DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-11-112 - Green, J. E. and Akam, M. (2013) Evolution of the pair-rule gene network: Insights from a centipede. Dev. Biol. 382:235-245. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.06.017 - Benton, M. A., Akam, M. and Pavlopoulos, A. (2013) Cell and tissue dynamics during Tribolium embryogenesis revealed by versatile fluorescence labeling approaches. Development 140:3210-3220 doi:10.1242/dev.096271 - Brena, C. and Akam, M. (2012) The embryonic development of the centipede Strigamia maritima. Dev. Biol. 363:290-307. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.11.006 - Pavlopoulos, A. and Akam, M. (2011). The Hox gene Ultrabithorax subtly regulates distinct sets of target genes at successive stages of haltere morphogenesis and differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108:2855-2860. - Garcia-Solache, M., Jaeger, J. and Akam, M. (2010) A systematic analysis of the gap gene system in the moth midge Clogmia albipunctata. Dev. Biol. 344, 306-318 - Chipman, A. D. and Akam, M. (2008) The segmentation cascade in the centipede Strigamia maritima: Involvement of the Notch pathway and pair-rule gene homologues. Dev. Biol. 319, 160-169. - Peel, A. D., Chipman, A. D. and Akam, M. (2005). Arthropod segmentation: Beyond the Drosophila paradigm. Nature Rev. Genet. 6, 905-916 - Green, J. E., Dalíková, M., Sahara, K., Marec, F. and Akam, M. (2016) XX/XY system of sex determination in the geophilomorph centipede Strigamia maritima. PLoS One 11: e0150292. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150292 - Janssens, H., Siggens, K., Cicin-Sain, D., Jiménez-Guri, E., Musy, M., Akam, M. and Jaeger, J. (2014) A quantitative atlas of Eve and Hb expression in Clogmia albipunctata (Diptera,Psychodidae). EvoDevo 5: 1. doi:10.1186/2041-9139-5-1 - Green, J. E. and Akam, M. (2014) Germ cells of the centipede Strigamia maritima are specified early in embryonic development. Dev. Biol. 392:419-430. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.06.003. - Brena, C., Green, J., Akam, M. (2013) Early embryonic determination of the sexual dimorphism in segment number in geophilomorph centipedes. EvoDevo 4:22. DOI: 10.1186/2041-9139-4-22 - Marron, A. O., Alston, M. J., Heavens, D., Akam, M., Caccamo, M., Holland, P. W. H. and Walker, G. (2013) A family of diatom-like silicon transporters in the siliceous loricate choanoflagellates. Proc. Royal Soc. B.280: 1471-2954. doi:10/1098/rspb.2012.2543 - Kainz, F., Ewen-Campen, B., Akam, M. and Extavour, C. G. (2011). Notch/Delta signalling is not required for segment generation in the basally branching insect Gryllus bimaculatus. Development138: 5015-5026. doi: 10.1242/dev.073395 - Pavlopoulos, A., Kontarakis, Z., Liubicich, D. M., Serano, J. M., Akam, M., Patel, N. H. and Averof, M. (2009) Probing the evolution of appendage specialisation by Hox gene misexpression in an emerging model crustacean. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 13897-13902. - Vedel, V., Apostolou, Z., Arthur, W., Akam, M. and Brena, C. (2010) An early temperature sensitive period for the variation in segment number in the centipede Strigamia maritima.Evolution and Development12, 347-352. See Google Scholar for a complete list of Michael Akam's publications	56,492
Yesterday one of Australia’s most prominent psychiatrists, Professor Ian Hickie, wrote an op-ed piece in the SMH titled, “Ignore the critics, public need to back fresh start in mental healthcare”. It is part of a growing controversy around the Gillard government’s apparent big boost to mental health funding in this year’s Budget, in particular around the adoption of the Headspace model of youth early intervention and the downsizing of the Better Access psychology scheme. In response I wrote this letter to the editor (second one here): I’m a public hospital psychiatrist who greatly admires Ian Hickie for his tireless efforts in mental health research and advocacy. However, I thought his intemperate spray at opponents of his preferred set of policy and treatment prescriptions — in particular the controversial early intervention model he and Pat McGorry have championed — demeaned his position and the serious debates in question. I recently attended an international conference where McGorry and other advocates of early intervention spoke, and what came through was how little evidence there was for the “Headspace” model that our government has adopted so enthusiastically. There is also very little evidence for the use of medications in patients thought to be at risk of psychosis. Professor Hickie uses an old debating trick, rolling a disparate group of critics into one list without seriously addressing any of their concerns. By mentioning Scientologists alongside professional detractors, in one of his four main points, he seems to want to deflect public attention from debates within psychiatry rather than illuminating them. Professor Hickie is dead right that psychiatrists should devote their time to debating public policy and arguing for social change. But that also means engaging in explanation rather than bombast when criticised. The public (and his colleagues) will thank him for the former and not the latter. The crisis in psychiatry The tone of Hickie’s article and the controversy from which it emerges can only be understood in terms of a wider crisis of psychiatry, both in Australia and internationally. Anyone following the debates over the American Psychiatric Association’s planned fifth edition of its diagnostic handbook, the DSM-5, will know that the process has been thrown into turmoil by attacks on the secrecy surrounding its development, its attempts to introduce contested new diagnostic categories, the debacle over its new personality disorder model (opposed by almost every leading personality disorder researcher in the US), and the fact that the psychiatrists who led the creation of DSM-III (Robert Spitzer) and DSM-IV (Allen Frances) — hardly fringe radicals — have both publicly attacked the next iteration. This comes in the wake of even more generalised problems for the profession. In the US there have been controversies related to overdiagnosis and overprescribing of medications. Even George W Bush felt he had to attack the epidemic of ADHD diagnosis and stimulant prescribing in children, and now there is deep concern that the diagnosis of bipolar disorder across all ages is leading to the dangerous overuse of “second generation” antipsychotics. Globally, there have been scandals over the close financial ties between academic psychiatrists and the pharmaceutical industry, with humiliation of thought leaders in the field. Perhaps most devastating of all has been growing evidence that some of the most prescribed medications of all time, the modern antidepressants, may have little more effect than placebo in the treatment of “major depression”, a finding that has not only undermined the cache of drug therapy of mental disorders, but thrown into question the validity of the diagnosis itself. It is in this context that we can understand why data about the growing prevalence of mental disorder diagnoses — often used by advocates like Hickie and McGorry as a reason for boosting funding and services — is being challenged both within and outside psychiatry. Is it really true that more than half the population will have an episode of an “illness” called “major depression” in their lifetimes, or is this an artefact of how such an illness is constructed, measured and contextualised? And does this mean that everyone who meets criteria must pop a tablet or go to 12 sessions of cognitive behavioural therapy? Public questioning of psychiatry probably hasn’t reached the fever pitch of the 1960s and 70s, when powerful anti-psychiatry and mental health reform movements exacerbated the discipline’s own internal contradictions. That crisis was resolved in the 1970s and 80s with the victory of a particular biomedical model of mental disorder that put reliability of diagnosis ahead of pretty much all other considerations. Apparently turning to models found in the rest of medicine, the approach codified in DSM-III was meant to re-establish the scientificity of psychiatry against accusations it was either meaningless or simply a tool of social repression. Today’s problems represent the spasmodic unravelling of that model, its inability to deliver “scientific” (read: biological reductionist) answers to the questions posed by disturbances of thought and emotion. This is not a problem found in psychiatry alone — the genomic revolution and bloated drug company bottom lines have failed to deliver the kinds of advances they promised also — but it is naturally concentrated in the speciality where social determinants of health and illness operate most obviously. The last decade has seen not only growing critiques of this impasse but attempts to forge new ways of thinking about mental health. Most, however, seek radical changes to the existing framework and not its outright rejection. So, for example, Sydney University philosopher Dominic Murphy argues that psychiatry needs to find its scientific basis in modern cognitive neuroscience. Psychiatrists and historians Edward Shorter and David Healy look back to earlier periods of scientific advance to make a powerful case that older antidepressants and shock therapy were more effective than more recent (and more profitable) drugs. Psychologist Richard Bentall rejects the biomedical and diagnostic focuses of psychiatry in favour of a symptom-based and psychotherapeutic approach. To his credit, Pat McGorry also bases his advocacy of an early intervention or “staging” model on the reasonable belief that the tools bequeathed by the diagnostic psychiatrists of DSM-III have proven inadequate. Indeed, McGorry very much sees his efforts as part of an attempt to lead a “scientific revolution” in the Kuhnian sense — to replace a failed old paradigm with a new, better one. As it says in McGorry and Hickie’s statement of their new paradigm, Diagnosis in psychiatry increasingly struggles to fulfil its key purposes, namely, to guide treatment and to predict outcome. The clinical staging model, widely used in clinical medicine yet virtually ignored in psychiatry, is proposed as a more refined form of diagnosis which could restore the utility of diagnosis, promote early intervention and also make more sense of the confusing array of biological research findings in psychiatry by organizing data into a coherent clinicopathological framework. It is my contention that this simply deepens the contradictions found in the existing model of diagnostic psychiatry rather than overcoming them. Yet the problem is one faced by all of medicine, which seeks to define health and illness without recognising that such definitions are socially constructed. Medicine follows what may be called a positivist research programme, where value judgements about health and illness are naturalised and eternised, rather than being recognised in their social and historical specificity. Drawing on the pioneering work of Peter Sedgwick, I have written about these issues elsewhere — in a review of Bentall’s last book and an analysis of the limits of antipsychiatry. The problems with early intervention It is worth looking at some of the more fine-grain problems with McGorry’s importation of “clinical staging” into psychosis (and other conditions — he has also been part of developing such a model in bipolar disorder, and supports efforts around depression and borderline personality).* Simply put, it may both be an inappropriate analogy to draw for psychiatric disorders but it may also suffer from the limits of staging for most physical illnesses. Staging depends on being able to find markers of the very early phases of an illness process and, through targeted intervention, prevent progression to later, less treatable phases. A classic example is bowel cancer, where screening for and treatment of early cancer (or pre-cancerous cell changes) with colonoscopies in high-risk individuals (e.g. those with a strong family history) may prevent the devastating metastatic form of the illness. But in psychiatry we don’t have any specific biological (or other) markers to target, and so it’s the “ultra high risk” (UHR) syndrome itself that is being targeted. This actually parallels the rest of medicine where claims made for biomarkers have proven to be overhyped. There is also no evidence that there are specific symptoms or parts of the UHR syndrome that, if treated, will prevent onset of psychosis. This is reflected in the fact that only 31 percent of UHR patients “convert” to some kind of actual psychotic syndrome by the two-year mark. And it is not clear whether this is a homogenous group — they probably include a mix of diagnoses and not just schizophrenia. Of the remaining 69 percent, a very high proportion continue to function poorly despite not becoming psychotic, suggesting this syndrome is “UHR for poor function” more than specifically “UHR for psychosis”. Importantly, UHR subjects are pretty much all are self-referrals (perhaps with nudging from families) and so they are unlike typical schizophrenic patients in that they display higher levels of insight and engagement. The population benefit claims being made by McGorry & Hickie are undermined by the fact that Headspace centres are not population interventions but places that self-selected patients seek help around relatively non-specific problems. Hence why there is virtually no evidence base for Headspace — nobody has really defined what it is meant to help and who it is going to be accessed by in any previous trials. Thus there is a real possibility that the initiative will prevent little of the serious mental illness (or even “neurotic” disorders) that are being treated today because it targets a different population — this issue has simply not been clarified. Don’t get me wrong, Headspace may prove to be very beneficial to the young people it treats, but to say it is evidence-based would not be correct. Even for individuals, there is little clear evidence that targeted interventions for UHR subjects will work to do anything more than delay onset of psychosis, and then not past two years. Ironically, there is evidence that once you have been UHR for two years, there is minimal chance you will convert to frank psychosis anyhow. Certainly the recent Cochrane review has effectively stopped research into the use of antipsychotics in the UHR group, and fish oil needs further testing. Talk of antidepressants being effective is based on retrospective clinical audits, a relatively weak and unreliable form of evidence (and the idea that a non-antipsychotic drugs are effective in preventing psychosis further undermines the claimed specificity of the UHR concept). McGorry persisted with hopes around medication-based interventions until the recent controversy over ethics approval blew up. Why would he do so? In this he was only following the pattern of mainstream psychiatry, which maintains a narrow focus on intervention equalling some kind of individualised treatment, whether biological or psychological. There’s a reason medicine (the profession) is called medicine (after medications). That focus is shaped by a complex of forces, in particular the growing influence of Big Pharma over the last 30 years. Finally, even psychosocial interventions for individuals may not be much chop. If medical epidemiology teaches us anything it’s that to change the population incidence and prevalence of many conditions you need population measures. Clean running water and sewage systems prevent many more deaths from illness than all the high-tech medical advances put together. Maybe to decrease the incidence of psychosis we need to look at social and environmental measures. Politics and psychiatry inseparably linked None of the above critique is particularly original, nor is it based on anything but the arguments and evidence marshalled by enthusiasts of early intervention (including McGorry himself). So how did McGorry and Hickie gain so much sway over government policy in the first place? Clearly they are tireless and strategic campaigners for their particular solution for the problems they see in mental health service delivery. They have also correctly identified that the current mainstream psychiatric framework is weak and in need of challenge. But there is something about their model that also fits well with current neoliberal governance models, including Gillard’s preferred preventative health and social inclusion agendas. In essence, early intervention in psychiatry matches the kinds of preventative health models that dominate in Australian public policy: That while there are social determinants of health and illness, governments can only intervene at the individual level, targeting those who are (through their own behaviour) “at risk”. Social policy thus becomes targeted at individuals or families rather than entire populations. The justification is that this is more cost-effective (an unproven assumption, but one fitting well with neoliberalism’s ideological aversion to universal social provision) and that if behaviour change is not then produced governments can more easily blame individuals for their own failings than turn the spotlight on social structures. I’m not arguing that this is how McGorry and Hickie see it, but why their model may have become so favoured. It is interesting that Hickie has in the past advocated for more market discipline in health care, and that both Hickie and McGorry seem to have argued for dropping the expansion of Medicare-funded psychological services (Better Access) on the basis that its (flawed) universalism was creating a type of middle-class welfare. It is their reflex acceptance of the social status quo that is the problem, perhaps intensified by having to adapt to the health bureaucracies they have been lobbying so intensely. One of Hickie’s targets yesterday seems to have been a recent piece by the right-wing psychiatrist Tanveer Ahmed that argued for psychiatrists to stop being so noisy about public policy (bizarre given the author’s frequent ideological rants about psychiatric concepts). It is here that I am with Hickie and McGorry in recognising the fundamentally political nature of debates about not only mental health policy, but the very nature of mental health and illness. How human beings individually experience our society cannot be separated from collective projects for social change and (perish the thought) human liberation. Unfortunately, I fear that despite their passionate beliefs, good intentions and political savvy, McGorry and Hickie have delivered a model that mostly serves to suit the public policy needs of a historically transient phase of capitalist development we call neoliberalism. * It is important to distinguish McGorry’s work on first episode psychosis, which has a firmer evidence base and doesn’t depend on the staging heuristic, from his approach to early intervention strategies (or “indicated prevention” as it is known in preventative health jargon). Dr_Tad is a public hospital psychiatrist. The views expressed here are entirely his own.	249,686
The Monterey Formation is a vast area of marine deposits rich in fossils. It covers both a large area of California and an extended period of time. Particularly exciting are the fossil whales and dolphins, as well as the large numbers of finely preserved crabs. The singlemost important find, however, is the collection of kelps and other large soft-bodied seaweeds, which are seldom found as fossils elsewhere. R. E. Garrison & R. G. Douglas, (eds.) 1981. The Monterey Formation and related siliceous rocks of California. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, USA. Robert M. Kleinpell. 1938. Miocene Stratigraphy of California. American Assoc. of Petrolium Geologists, Tulsa, USA. B. C. Parker and E. Y. Dawson. 1965. Non-calcareous marine algae from California Miocene deposits. Nova Hedwigia 10:273-295. Plates 76-96.	7,099
Living outside the illusion called life first requires an understanding that everything we experience actually resides in a small gray mass of buttery like tissue we call the brain, and does not actually exist outside of us. What we think of as “out there”, like traffic, trees, people, jobs, stores etc. are actually perceptions that are formed by millions of electrical impulses in our brain. It is based on what our senses have previously collected and then programmed into our complex neural network. The key point here is “programmed into our complex neural network” because this is the basis for how we see the world and influences all of the experiences that we have ever had. A police officer takes eyewitness accounts from as many people as possible when investigating an accident or crime, because the officer knows that everyone will have a different viewpoint and everyone’s perspective is needed to find out what really happened. Somewhere in all the different viewpoints, the truth of what actually happened exists. We view the world through preset lenses. We all view the world differently and yet our experiences are similar enough to support the illusion that things are happening “outside” of us. It is definitely not, and science supports this. There was an experiment done with photons done back in the 1920’s called the double slit experiment and this showed that the physical universe is actually made up of energy waves and only becomes visible particles (what we perceive to be reality) when it is observed by a conscious being. Crazy stuff, but how does this information help us in our daily life? Well, we have been programmed to perceive reality from a material or physical perspective so this is how we see life – solid and difficult to change, but our true reality is of a quantum nature, where everything is actually energy. Once we understand this fully, we realize that we have a lot more control over what we are experiencing than previously thought. Life then takes on another dimension! We begin to experience life as it was truly meant to be! A life lived moment to moment, with incredible clarity about what is possible, joy in the adventure of creation and fulfillment from achieving what used to be impossible! New Life begins with understanding. Your new life begins with understanding that you are not your mind, and science tells us that the mind is the brain in action. So you have a brain that has been uniquely programmed with everything you have experienced in your life and the use of a mind that is unique to you. It is the most powerful calculating and reasoning tool on the planet, with the ability to sort out, organize and implement anything – including a life designed to fulfill your heart’s desire! It just needs specific guidance (programming) to follow your lead. The specifics of what makes you happy are based on what you value personally and those values are ultimately based on your beliefs, fears, passions, and desires. These things are what has been programmed into your consciousness since you were born and even before you were born with genetic coding. This is the illusion I am referring to The old programs that we live our lives by. The bottom line is that we are in control of our thoughts and we can think of any thoughts we want. We just have to be aware of the thoughts that we think. One of the best ways to see ourselves is through our relationships. Relationships are the most effective tool we have for pushing aside the veil hiding our unconscious thoughts and providing us with an up-close and personal look at what actually is going on inside of us. When we understand that relationships are just mirrors of our internal states of being, they become a powerful tool for expanding our awareness. In reality, all of the experiences we have in all of our relationships are actually happening inside of us. The environment outside does not create that experience. We are actually creating that experience moment to moment inside our mind with our thoughts. The people in our lives are just triggers for inner experiences that have existed within us for a long time, well before those people entered our lives. That is why we tend to repeat the same experiences in life with different people and different relationships. By recognizing the things that show up within ourselves through relationships we realize they are just a reflection of the unconscious patterns within us. As we expand this awareness; we can actively use our relationships as tools to consciously transform ourselves. At the same time, we will expand our relationships into higher and mutually beneficial experiences. Our Reactions Are the Key to Greater Awareness It is especially important to be conscious of our reactions to others because in those reactions we have the most to learn about ourselves. Our mind reacts to some people’s behavior because it is unaware of the unconscious patterns that these people are showing us about ourselves. If we see and react to anger in another person, it is because anger exists within us. It may not be expressed in the same way as the person we are reacting to but somewhere, in some way, that same pattern exists within us. The closer the relationship, the more powerful the mirror is in amplifying our internal states. When we realize that relationships are just mirrors that reflect our internal self, how can we blame anyone or anything outside of ourselves when they are just reflections of what lives inside of us that can help us recognize and heal old patterns? Often we blame others in close relationships for not meeting our needs when the person that is not meeting our needs – is ourselves. It is absurd to think that someone else can give us something that we lack within ourselves. We are the only ones truly capable of going within and doing the work to uncover the unconscious patterns running our life, bringing them into our conscious awareness and reprogramming those patterns to create a more uplifting and fulfilling life experience. This practice brings a new level of accountability, along with a greater level of empowerment when we understand that we are the only ones truly in control of what we experience. After all who is actually controlling the thoughts within our own mind that are the basis for everything we experience. As human beings, we all are driven to connect with each other in some way. To truly connect with another human being in a way that does not bring pain and suffering into our lives, it is crucial to connect through our higher states of being with love, joy, compassion, and inspiration instead of the negative states of fear, anger, survival, and control. But in order to do this, it requires taking the time and effort to recognize and “own” the internal destructive patterns that are controlling our unconscious mind before we can be in a relationship that is spirit-based and mutually fulfilling. A spiritual relationship is a true partnership where each person is ultimately supporting each other in happiness and fulfillment. Blame and victimhood cannot exist in a relationship that is based on love, kindness, compassion and creative purpose. In a spirit-based relationship, two people serve each other in growth and awareness and by positive example ending up serving the world at large. There are three aspects to every relationship – our part, the other person’s part and the relationship itself. We cannot be responsible for the other person’s part of the relationship. We can only be accountable and take responsibility for our part. When we are fully responsible, we rise above mental patterns and take full control of what we are experiencing and actually experience what love really is. As human beings, our single greatest desire is to love and be loved. The love that I am describing is not an emotional, conditional love, it is an unconditional life-affirming energy exchange that exists in every moment of every interaction that we have. This article was inspired by the work of Joey Klein and his book The Inner Matrix – A Guide to Transforming Your Life and Awakening Your Spirit The self-help world is abuzz with “The Power of Intention”, promoting the importance of focus to get what you want. It is true that if you focus on what you want for an extended period of time, (and do the necessary work) it usually shows up. But why does it work better for some people and not for others? It works better for those who understand that the “power of intention” is actually The Power of Clarity. Being clear and specific about what we want is a key element to creating what we want in our lives. If we are not clear and specific, then our mind does not have the information necessary to recognize an opportunity even when right in front of us! Take the time to clearly define what you want, and it will show up quickly, usually in magical ways! We have all had friends who have said they are unhappy with their life, but when we ask them what they want, they usually respond: “I don’t know!” Unfortunately, without clarity and the will to clearly define what we want, nothing will ever change. Our mind is the vehicle that allows us to fully experience this 3-D reality we call life, so it is up to us to direct this “mind” in the direction we want. Since the brain/mind operates like a computer, it can only produce results based on what is inputted into it. It is our job to input the right information. The Mind is a Filter The mind is a filter, only allowing us to “see” things based on what has been programmed into it (our past experience). What we are experiencing now in the present is actually based on the past experiences we have had with parents, teachers, friends or when we are on our own. This programming is the basis for how we operate both consciously and unconsciously. If we are not “consciously creating” by instilling new thoughts to define our future, we are destined to live in the past. To create a new future is to become a different person, that thinks, feels and behaves differently than who we are today – essentially creating a new personality! Take a moment to let this sink in: Our thoughts are the basis for what we experience every moment of every day. Science has proven that by the time we are 35 – 95% of what we think each day is a repeat of what we thought about the day before. These thoughts are unconscious, imbedded neural networks of past experiences. Because of this we experience the present, with a mind of the past reliving the same emotional experiences, even when the circumstances are different. Changing Our Personality – Changes our Personal Reality To change our personal reality, we have to change our personality, but to do so, we have to change how we think, feel and behave. This begins by becoming CONSCIOUS of everything that we think, feel and do. This begins with being aware of what we are thinking and why – every moment of every day! The reason it is so hard to change, is because 95% of our thoughts (programs) are unconscious. To become aware of these unconscious thoughts, we have to question everything we do! This is mindfulness – to have conversations with our self and examine why we do what you do. If we are doing things that are not supportive of happiness and fulfillment, then we have to stop doing them, or nothing will change! This is why meditation is so valuable. This practice helps us go beyond our conscious mind and deal directly with the mind’s “operating system” of unconscious programs. If you have tried to meditate in the past without success, (like me!) I suggest going online and find a guided meditation that you resonate with and let someone else guide your thoughts in a positive way. This can produce lasting change in your daily life and mental well-being.	180,302
Central and Sherman's Campaign Sherman and many of his officers and troops looked forward to exacting revenge on South Carolina, birthplace of the Confederacy and scene of the first shots fired at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. Sherman predicted his march through South Carolina would be "one of the most horrible things in the history of the world." For many, it was. Sherman’s soldiers left Savannah and began marching into South Carolina on Feb. 1, 1865. Confederate resistance was ineffectual and Sherman's army and its legions of "bummers" burned most of a dozen towns and uncounted barns, farmsteads and plantations on his month-long tear through the state. Rivers Bridge State Historic Site 325 State Park Road, Ehrhardt SC 29081 Entrenched but outnumbered Confederates at the swampy Salkehatchie River held off Union Gen. William T. Sherman's advance into South Carolina for two days, Feb. 2–3, 1865. Part of the state park here commemorates the battle and features a well-interpreted trail that circles Confederate earthworks just above the river and explains the final phase of the fighting here as Union soldiers emerged from the swamps to flank the Southern position. This battle marked the first and last major Confederate resistance in the state. The evocative historic area here makes the battle easy to understand and is well worth a visit. Self-guided walking tours of the battlefield available. Guided tours available by appointment. Park hours are 9 am–6 pm daily. To get there: The park is located 7 miles southwest of Ehrhardt and 13 miles east of Allendale off Route 641. Follow the signs to the battlefield area. Note: Broxton Bridge Plantation, a private bed-and-breakfast operation also preserves remnants of Confederate earthworks and offers tours of their part of the battlefield for a small fee and by appointment. 800-437-4858 or www.broxtonbridge.com. The capital city of South Carolina surrendered to Sherman Feb. 17, 1865. Federal troops entering the city that day passed bales of burning cotton and other fires allegedly set by retreating Confederates. More fires appeared later in the day, set primarily by vengeful and largely out-of-control Union soldiers aided by local looters. The blazes swept out of control as winds picked up and night approached. Little effort was made to put the fires out. A change in the wind the next day halted the progress of the fires. Sherman's troops left the city a few days later, leaving by some estimates almost half of the city in ashes. A 20-stop self-guided tour of Sherman's approach to and the occupation of Columbia is available in pdf format from www.shermansmarch.com under "Tours/Info." South Carolina State House 1101 Gervais St, Columbia SC 29201 This building was under construction (begun in 1855) when Union Gen. William T. Sherman's troops arrived at the outskirts of the city. Sherman's artillery caused some damage to the new construction. The "old" capitol building located nearby burned during Sherman's occupation. Six bronze stars mark the spots where shells struck the building Feb. 16, 1865. Civil War-related monuments on the grounds include a statue to Confederate Gen. Wade Hampton and a monument to Confederate soldiers with the controversial Army of Northern Virginia battle flag flying above it. Free guided and self-guided tours offered of the building. Very good orientation film. Open Monday–Friday 9 am–5 pm. Free. South Carolina Confederate Relic Room & Military Museum and South Carolina State Museum 301 Gervais St, Columbia SC 29201 Relic Room, 803-737-8095 State Museum, 803-898-4921 Each museum offers Civil War material. The Relic Room may be an old-fashioned name, but the exhibits here are modern and excellent with emphasis on local and state Civil War history. Great flag collection and well-selected artifacts. State Museum highlights include a scale model of the H.L. Hunley submarine and one of the few copies of the original Ordnance of Secession. Also on display are artifacts from the famous 1856 Brooks/Sumner caning episode on the US Senate floor that inflamed sectional feelings on both sides. Both museums are open 10 am–5 pm Tuesday–Saturday. State Museum also open 1–5 pm Sunday and Mondays between Memorial Day and Labor Day. Relic Room is open the first Sunday of each month 1–5 pm. $5 Relic Room only, $7 State Museum only, $9 combo ticket. Saluda Mill at Riverbanks 500 Wildlife Parkway, Columbia SC 29210 A steep walking path from the excellent zoo and gardens leads down to the Saluda River and the ruins of the Saluda Mill and an interpretive center. Exhibits at the center tell the story of Sherman's occupation and the destruction of the sprawling mill on the site. Area accessible only with zoo admission. Open daily 9 am–5 pm. $9.75/adult. First Baptist Church 1306 Hampton St, Columbia SC 29201 The South Carolina secession convention met here for the first time Dec. 17, 1860. Fear of an outbreak of smallpox caused the move of the proceedings to Charleston. Today's still-active church retains its 19th-century exterior and interior appearance. The table on which the secession document was drafted and other items related to that day are preserved in a small museum area. Free. Informal tours are available. Ask at office. Open daily during business hours. 1615 Blanding St, Columbia SC 29201 The building, home to two prominent Columbia families, dates from 1818. It was altered and expanded several times before the Civil War. Union Gen. John Logan used the home as his headquarters during the occupation. He was prepared to burn it but was stopped by a nun bearing Sherman's order to hand the home over to her after her girls' school burned. Guided tours are offered 10 am–3 pm Tuesday–Saturday; 1–4 pm Sunday. Purchase $6/adult tickets at the Robert Mills Welcome Center and Museum Shop across the street. Cheraw Chamber of Commerce 221 Market St, Cheraw SC 29520 This pleasant, small crossroads town was the focus of much activity in late February and early March 1865 when Union Gen. William T. Sherman gathered his forces in and near Cheraw for the final push into North Carolina. Cheraw was one of the last "safe havens" for Confederate refugees and material from coastal areas. A walking tour brochure of the historic area including Civil War sites is available at the Chamber of Commerce. Although located in South Carolina, Cheraw is the first stop on North Carolina's Civil War Trail driving tour. Links to the websites of these sites.	154,544
Utah LPN to RN Bridge Programs Advanced programs exist for licensed practical nurses (LPN) and vocational nurses (LVN) who want to train for their NCLEX-RN licensure exam. There are various routes that you can follow to reach such a goal, but attending a LPN to RN degree program in Utah gives you the most practical way to gain the knowledge that you will need to pass your exam. LVN/LPN to RN nursing school program in Utah vary, you may obtain the instruction through community colleges, vocational institutions, and universities. All of the schools that are on our website are accredited by the National League for Nursing Commission, which is the essential governing body for accreditation in the nursing arena. Because of the scarcity of qualified RNs, many nursing schools in Utah these days have fast track "bridge" programs that will allow likely nursing students to complete their training in less than 3 semesters. What are you waiting for, take a look at the schools below and request information directly from our website. We’ll have the admissions office know you’re interested and they’ll send you some info packets and give you a call (if you want).	309,871
“Wien, Wien, nur Du allein sollst stets die Stadt meiner Träume sein!” – Vienna, you alone will always be the city of my dreams! (Song by Rudolf Sieczynski) Dreams, yes, but not literary ones, unless one is well-versed in “Wienerisch” – the local dialect. Vienna’s greatest literary figures have used a language that defies translation despite its brilliance, indeed, one might say because of its brilliance. Viennese theatre and journalism use the local dialect with such flair that the only way to appreciate the great local literary works is to learn the local language. Johann Nestroy was a brilliant playwright, actor, singer, and theatre manager, deeply venerated by the Viennese but almost unknown outside the German-speaking world. Early in his career he worked at the Theater an der Wien (“The Theatre on the [nonexistent] Vienna River”) founded by Mozart’s erstwhile buddy and librettist Emanuel Schikaneder, then an operetta and comedy venue, now an innovative opera company specializing in Baroque and contemporary works. Later in his career, he succeeded Ferdinand Raimund as manager, resident playwright, and actor/singer at the Volkstheater, now an operetta venue, but then equally amenable to satirical comedy. Finally, he favored comic acting over singing, and his satire was topical and quite piquant. Word play was a specialty, which of course contributes to translation difficulties. His greatest advocate outside the German-speaking world was the American playwright Thornton Wilder, who based a play “The Merchant of Yonkers” on Nestroy’s “Einen Jux will er sich machen”, (‘He’s making a fool of himself’), unsuccessful until revised as “The Matchmaker”, which of course became “Hello, Dolly!”. The same play was also later adapted as a non-musical by Tom Stoppard. The other truly great light of Viennese literature was the satirical essayist Karl Kraus, whose journal “The Torch” was very much a personal vehicle, targeting current politics and journalism during the first third of the 20th century. Topical and cranky, its pages took almost obsessive delight in the peculiarities of the German language, attributing all kinds of grand meanings to seemingly minor stylistic details. Of course this made its diatribes into hot topics of the day, but also contributed to their quick decline, and once again to great difficulties of translation. Still, the cafe culture of the interwar years in Vienna, where Kraus was also a performer (of songs, dramatic readings, poetry recitations, and lectures) are unthinkable without Karl Kraus. Come to Vienna for opera and operetta, for the palaces, even for the art. But unless you study ‘Wienerisch’ first, its literature will very likely remain a mystery.	224,033
Creating every day this month was my goal and until this past week I was achieving it, even though I usually only posted once a week at AEDM. This past week I read blogs, got ideas and did planning - in my breaks from marking and report cards! At least I was thinking art! I have finally sketched out my next project after I finish my ABCs of affirmations (W for this week). I have seen several bloggers who focus on different artists and use their style to create journal pages. What a great idea. I plan to start an Alphabet of Art and Artists starting in January. Each week will be a focus on different techniques and/or artists. Should be fun and a learning curve for me! W is for watch and wait and so many things that I couldn't settle on just one! So the collage grew from one word to many words and pictures. I needed to just play today and I did. This week though the word I will focus on will be WRITE . I need to get back to the morning papers and journalling daily. I am still working on ATC challenges through ATCsforAll - a great site for those who enjoy swaps. It is like Christmas every time I receive a new package of cards. I am presently working on a Christmas Tree swap. Not sure yet how I will decorate the trees butI had fun with different styles of trees and backgrounds. Banned Books Week, September 24-30 3 hours ago	253,211
(also rabbit bandicoot) A burrowing Australian bandicoot with long ears, long limbs, and a long furry tail. Also called bilby. More example sentences - Animals that most people in the area had never seen-such as the squirrel-sized kangaroo known as a potoroo, the rabbit-eared bandicoot or bilby, and the platypus-were back and reproducing in the refuge.	221,972
Michel P. Glauser studied medicine in Lausanne, Hamburg and Berlin. At the University Medical Center in Lausanne, he got his MD thesis in immunology, followed by an internship and residency in internal medicine. He then trained in infectious diseases both at Yale University School of Medicine, and the University of California San Diego Medical Center. In 1978, he was appointed chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases at the University Medical Center in Lausanne, and associate professor (1985) and full professor (1990). Since 2000 he has been Dean of the Faculty of Medicine. Dr M.P. Glauser is a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (London), and of the American Academy of Microbiology. He has been president of the International Immunocompromised Host Society, of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, founder and president of the Swiss Society for Infectious Diseases. For 12 years (1989-2001) he has been a member of the Research Council of the Swiss National Foundation for Research, and president of its Division of Biology and Medicine for four years. He has been president since 1992 of the Swiss National Program for research on AIDS. His research interests include experimental infections (pyelonephritis, endocarditis, septic shock), the molecular basis of severe infections related to innate immunity, infections in immunocompromised hosts including neutropenic cancer patients, and AIDS. Big killers: Past, present and future Socio-economic events and epidemics Humans have evolved only very recently in the history of life, and have been exposed to microbes during their entire evolution. Bacilli like tuberculosis, viruses like poliomyelitis, parasites like malaria, and even prions like scrapie have thus apparently not impacted significantly on their development. Indeed, for an epidemic to develop and endanger survival of large populations, there are two basic prerequisites: - A great enough number of individuals at risk: no doubt that when humanoids were a few thousands individuals living in small herds in savannas, large epidemics were unlikely. In contrast, with the prospect of 10 billion humans in a few decades, the danger has never been so great. - Optimal conditions for transmission of microbes, and optimal susceptibility of recipients. There is a delicate balance between population numbers and optimal conditions for transmission. There are several modes of transmission of microbes to humans, that include air, water and food, sex, parasites, not to mention blood (which appeared only very recently). All these modes are closely linked to socioeconomic and cultural changes. Examples of such close association can be taken among the three "Big Killers" discussed during this Conference. One is tuberculosis. While tuberculosis hasbeen present in humans for very long (there are prehistoric skeletons presenting with healed tuberculous scars), the probably most dreadful epidemic of tuberculosis occurred during the XVIIIth and early XIXth centuries, at the time of the opening-up to trade and travel. This led to the development of large industrial metropolitan centers, where poverty, crowding, inhumane working conditions, and poor nutrition led to an epidemic of tuberculosis of such a magnitude that historians believe it might have endangered the western civilization. This epidemic abated spontaneously though, due to improving living conditions, long before the discovery of the Koch bacillus and of the antituberculous drugs. Today, the epidemic of HIV may engender renewed conditions for the spread of tuberculosis. Indeed, the extreme contagiousness of the tuberculosis patients presenting with depressed immunity, the poor living conditions in countries with the highest prevalence of HIV seropositivity, the exploding resistance of the tuberculous bacilli are all of major concern for the future. HIV is another frightening example of socio-economic events paving the way to exploding epidemics. While it is unclear when the virus evolved from its original simian host to humans, little doubts exist that the profound socio-economic changes that occurred in Africa at the end of World War II and subsequently were instrumental for the spread of the epidemic. These changes included the migration of rural populations to large, overcrowded metropolitan agglomerations, poverty, undereducation, and sexual promiscuity. Worldwide, the "sexual liberation" of the 60's, that included homosexual liberation and the development of "sexual tourism", as well as the epidemic of parenteral drug abuse, were all social and behavioral changes that offered the virus unprecedented chances for spreading. Had none of these changes occurred, would have HIV found its way? Example like these two are numerous. Most epidemics developed while favored by subtle modifications in the human to microbe relations. There are lessons to be learned from the past and from the present in order to elaborate global strategies for the future. Thus, economic prosperity, social wealth and education are among the best ways to combat infections and epidemics. Epidemics are a social, an economic, as well as a scientific challenge that needs to be addressed by all sections of our society.	182,503
On the west side of the Hudson River, the Palisades region is rich in history, diverse habitat, and jaw-dropping views. Visitors to the beloved Bear Mountain State Park enjoy panoramic vistas from Perkins Memorial Tower, go boating, visit the zoo, fish, swim, hike, bike, ice skate, ride the merry-go-round, stay at the Bear Mountain Inn or simple enjoy the many trails or picnic in leafy groves. At Harriman State Park, hike through highlands and forests and along waterfronts. Swim, boat, camp or fish and enjoy family picnics, group outings and special events. Rock climbers are welcome at Minnewaska State Park Preserve's sheer ledges ofthe Shawangunk Mountain ridge that rises more than 2,000 feet above sea level. Explore the park on foot, by bike, on horseback or cross-country skis along a 50-mile network of carriageways and trails. Explore the exhibits and ruins at Fort Mongomery State Historic Site and learn why this fort was considered a key component of the American defenses early in the war. A visit to Washington's Headquarters State Historic Site is a must. As the nation's first state-owned historic site, it's where Gen. Washington brought the Revolutionary War to a close and helped shape a new republic. Nearby, tour the visitor's center and see costumed interpreters at New Windsor Cantonment where visitors will gain insight into to the weaponry, activities and atmosphere of life as a Continental soldier. The site serves as home to the National Purple Heart Hall of Honor. Sterling Forest State Park, a park of nearly pristine natural refuge is just 60minutes northwest of New York City. A tremendous outdoor recreation area this park's hiking trails feature dense woodlands, lakes, marshes, and dazzling views of the New York-New Jersey Highlands. For a quick escape try Rockland Lake State Park for its picnic groves, lakeside trail, swimming and golf. Hike and horseback ride amidst the solitudeand dramatic scenery of the region's undeveloped parks such as GoosepondMountain, Blauvelt and Highland Lakes State Parks.	122,811
Cantinflas Cantinflas Born 12 August 1911 Mexico City, Mexico Occupation Actor, 1936-1982 Mario Moreno Reyes (August 12, 1911 - April 20, 1993) was a comedian of the Mexican theatre and film industry. His interpretation of Cantinflas, a character originating in the "pelado", the impoverished campesino-cum-slumdweller that came to represent the national identity of Mexico, earned him popularity with the common people that he was able to parlay into a long, successful film career that included a foray into Hollywood. Charlie Chaplin once called him "the greatest comedian in the world," and he is often referred to as the "Charlie Chaplin of Mexico". While some of films were dubbed into English for American audiences, and his work found some favor among the people of France, the wordplay of his Spanish-language humor did not translate particularly well into other languages. However, he was wildly successful in Latin America, where he still has many devoted fans. As a pioneer of the cinema of Mexico, Moreno helped usher in its golden era. His success, as part of Mexico's cinematic blossoming, helped establish Mexico as the entertainment capital of Latin America. In addition to being a business leader, he also became involved in Mexico's tangled and often dangerous labor politics. Although he was himself politically conservative, his reputation as a spokesperson for the downtrodden gave his actions authenticity and became important in the early struggle against charrismo, the one-party government's practice of coopting and controlling unions. Moreover, his character Cantinflas, whose identity became enmeshed with his own, was examined by media critics, philosophers, anthropologists, and linguists, who saw in him variably as danger to Mexican society, a bourgeois puppet, a kind philantropist, a venture capitalist, a transgressor of gender roles, a pious Catholic, a verbal innovator, and a picaresque underdog. In effect, Moreno was all of these. His character Cantinflas, in attempting to encompass the identity of an entire nation, developed the contradictions and complexities inherent in any attempt to epitomize a country as complex and contradictory as Mexico.	28,671
National University of Malaysia \|This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2013)\| \|The National University of Malaysia\| \|Motto in English\|\|Inspiring Futures, Nurturing Possibilities\| \|Chancellor\|\|Tuanku Muhriz ibni Almarhum Tuanku Munawir\| \|Vice-Chancellor\|\|Professor Tan Sri Dato' Dr. Sharifah Hapsah Syed Hasan Shahabudin\| \|Undergraduates\|\|17,500 (AY 2006-07)\| \|Postgraduates\|\|5,105 (AY 2006-07)\| \|Affiliations\|\|ACU, ASAIHL, AUN, AUAP\| The National University of Malaysia (abbreviation: NUM; Malay: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; abbreviated UKM; Jawi: اونيۏرسيتي كبڠساءن مليسيا) is a public university located in Bangi, Selangor which is about 35 km south of Kuala Lumpur. Its teaching hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM) is located in Cheras and also has a branch campus in Kuala Lumpur. There are 17,500 undergraduate students enrolled, and 5,105 postgraduate students of which 1368 are foreign students from 35 countries. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia is one of five research universities in the country. It was ranked by The Times Higher Education Supplement (THES) at number 185 in its annual ranking of the world's top 200 universities for 2006. In the Times Inaugural University ranking top 100, it was number 50 in 2012. It is ranked 98th place in the 100 best universities in the world established within the last 50 years. The National University of Malaysia has been ranked among the world’s top 50 universities established within the last 50 years. It is the only university from Malaysia that made it in the 2012 Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) Top 50 Under 50 list ranked in the 31st place. It placed 53rd and 58th in the QS Top 500 Asian University Rankings in 2011 and 2012 respectively. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, the national university of Malaysia was born from the aspirations of the nationalists to uphold the Malay Language as a language of knowledge. The quest for a national university was suggested in 1923 by the writer Abdul Kadir Adabi as a move against British colonisation. This nationalist tide galvanised Malay intellectuals of the time but met British suppression. The nationalists never wavered and in 1969 the movement again blossomed. A Sponsoring Committee chaired by Syed Nasir Ismail, a Malay intellectual, was set up to prepare a report recommending the establishment of UKM. Other prominent members of this committee include Dr. Mahathir Mohamed (Tun), Malaysia's 4th Prime Minister who was then the Education Minister, and Dr. Mohd Rashdan Haji Baba, who later became UKM's first Vice Chancellor. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia opened its doors on 18 May 1970 to 192 undergraduate students in Jalan Pantai Baru, Kuala Lumpur, a temporary campus housing three main faculties, the Faculties of Science, Arts and Islamic Studies. In October 1977, UKM moved to its present premises which form the main campus in Bangi. The campus has a size of 1,096 hectares, situated in the metropolis encompassing the Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Kuala Lumpur, the main commercial centre, and Putrajaya, the administrative capital. The UKM Bangi Campus is 45 km from KLIA, 30 km from Kuala Lumpur and 20 km from Putrajaya. UKM has two health campuses, the Kuala Lumpur campus in Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, and the UKM Medical Centre in Cheras. The Kuala Lumpur campus consists of the Faculties of Health Sciences, Pharmacy, Dentistry and the Pre-Clinical Departments of the Medical Faculty. With a size of 20 hectares, the Kuala Lumpur campus was established in 1974. The campus in Cheras consists of the Medical Faculty, the UKM Teaching Hospital and the UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI). The Cheras campus was opened in 1997. Besides these campuses, UKM operates seven research stations (RS); The Tasik Chini RS, The Marine Ecosystem RS, The Langkawi Geopark RS, The Marine RS, The Fraser's Hill RS, The Plant Biotechnology RS and in the main campus itself, the UKM Campus Living Laboratory, which comprises the UKM Permanent Forest Reserve, or its Malay name, Hutan Simpan Kekal UKM as well as the Fernarium and the Herbarium. Based on a foundation of 30 years of research, UKM was awarded the status of a Malaysian Research University in October 2006 by the Ministry of Higher Education, a move designed to propel the four public universities into leading research universities in line with the Higher Education Strategic Plan 2007-2020. The year 2006 also saw UKM winning the Prime Minister's Quality Award. This award vindicates UKM's efforts at quality education and management, as outlined by the objectives of the UKM Strategic Plan 2000-2020 (PS2020). The Strategic Plan has been augmented by the newly unveiled UKM Knowledge Ecosystem Transformation Plan, a transformation set to catapult UKM into the league of leading research universities by 2018. - Social Science and Humanities (established in 1970 as Faculty of Arts) - Science and Technology (established in 1970 as Faculty of Sciences) - Islamic Studies (established in 1970) The three above make up the founding faculties. - Health Sciences - Economics and Business - Engineering and Built Environment - Graduate School of Business - Information Science and Technology - Centre for Academic Advancement - Centre for Corporate Communications - Centre for Corporate Planning & Communications - Centre for General Studies - Centre for Graduate Management - Centre for Information Technology - Centre for Publication and Printing - Centre for Research and Innovation Management - Centre for Students Advancement - PERMATApintar National Gifted Centre - UKM Islamic Centre - UKM Medical Centre - Fuel Cell Institute - Inst. for Environment & Development (LESTARI) - Inst. for Malaysian & International Studies (IKMAS) - Institute of Ethnic Studies (KITA) - Inst. of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN) - Inst. of Occidental Studies (IKON) - Inst. of Space Science (ANGKASA) - Inst. of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS) - Inst. of the Malay World & Civilization (ATMA) - Inst. of West Asian Studies (IKRAB) - Inst. of Islam Hadhari (HADHARI) - Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI) - Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) - Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute (SEADPRI-UKM) - Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, country's first astronaut - Syed Hussein Alatas, academic - Liow Tiong Lai, Minister of Health - Tan Sri Dr. Jemilah Mahmood, Chief of the Humanitarian Response Branch, United Nations Populations Fund (UNFPA) in New York - Anwar Fazal, Father of Malaysian NGO Movement - Honorary Doctorate in Law - 1997 - Datuk Razali Ibrahim, Deputy Minister of Youth and Sports (read law) - UKM, the National University of Malaysia, About Us - Global Malaysians Network, UKM now ranked way ahead of UM, Retrieved on 2007-11-04 - * Law	90,353
The Sunrise News Sampler Today, Tuscaloosa City Schools’ pre-K and Kindergarten students will participate in Read for the Record, a nationwide event to draw emphasis on early childhood literacy. This marks the eighth year city schools have participated in the event, and this year’s goal is to have more than 2.5 million children reading the same book. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Alabama is the only insurance company offering individual plans under the new health insurance marketplace website for most Alabama counties. Worries are increasing that the impasse that caused the partial government shutdown could go on for weeks and get tangled in the debate over increasing the debt ceiling. In a meeting at the White House yesterday, both sides were still finger-pointing. Prosecutors are confident they have enough evidence to convict former football star Aaron Hernandez, even without a star witness or murder weapon. Students at Tuscaloosa City Schools will be admitted free to some Stillman College football games, including this weekend’s game. High school students are asked to bring ID, and a parent or guardian must accompany students in kindergargen through eighth grade.	220,169
Jenna Hennebry, Mexican-Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Migration ICTs, Development and Migration: A Case Study of Mexican-Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Migration by Dr. J Hennebry, Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies Between 2003 and 2005, Dr. J. Hennebry (Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies, WLU) carried out a research project on the use and development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) among migrant workers in the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP). This project was funded by Wilfrid Laurier University, the Association of Universities and Colleges Canada (AUCC) and the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) . This research project involved extensive qualitative fieldwork and interviews with Mexican seasonal migrants and their families, both in Canada and in Mexico, examining ICTs in relation to migration and development. “Migrant workers” have become an important labour resource in the global economy. Multilateral government agreements, trade liberalization, and advancements in communication and transportation networks have enabled flows of the world’s poor into managed international labour migration programs. This research documents how ICTs have facilitated this movement, how a “migration industry” comprised largely of ICT service providers has profited from this market, and how temporary migration systems have impacted families and communities in Mexico. With remittance dollars sent home from Canada, families and communities have invested in ICT infrastructure and services, built homes and clean water reservoirs, etc. These changes have impacted family cohesion and gender roles, social relations and culture. Hennebry and Vanderwillik observed significant changes among migrant families, with women taking on new work as remittance receivers, managing family finances, working on family farms and in new businesses. Seasonal migration has had impacts on the division of labour in the family and on gender roles. Mexico's incoming international telephone traffic more than doubled between 1998 and 2003, growing from just under 3 billion minutes to over 6 billion in 2003. Remittances to Mexico equal 10% the total value of exports, more than income from tourism. The areas with the largest remittances are those with highest participation in the Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program. Workers call their families weekly to organize their transnational family income, and to keep in touch, typically using telephone cards and payphones.	304,224
A new paper proves the contractibility of the space of constant curvature metrics on all 3-manifolds except possibly real projective space. Bamler, Kleiner: Ricci flow and diffeomorphism groups of 3-manifolds, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1712.06197.pdf The Smale conjecture in its original form asserted that the diffeomorphism group of the 3-sphere deformation retracts onto O(3), the isometry group of its “round” constant curvature metric. It was proved by Hatcher in 1983. Also for hyperbolic 3-manifolds it was proven by Gabai in 2001 that the inclusion of the isometry group into the diffeomorphism group is a homotopy equivalence. Together with other known results for e.g. lens spaces, this gave evidence for the generalized Smale conjecture, asserting that the inclusion of the isometry group into the diffeomorphism group should be a homotopy equivalence for all 3-manifolds of non-zero constant curvature. The natural action of the diffeomorphism group on the space of constant curvature metrics is transitive (because of rigidity of constant curvature metrics) and defines a fibration with the isometry groups as its fiber. Thus, in view of the long exact homotopy sequence, the weak homotopy equivalence of Isom(X)–>Diff(X) is equivalent to weak contractibility of the space of constant curvature metrics. Because all involved spaces have the homotopy type of CW-complexes, one can replace “weak homotopy equivalence” by “homotopy equivalence” and “weak contractibility” by “contractibility” in this equivalence. Thus the generalized Smale conjecture reduces to showing that the space of constant curvature metrics has trivial homotopy groups, which this paper proves for all 3-manifolds except the 3-sphere and the real projective space. (And the case of the 3-sphere is of course known from Hatcher.) The new preprint attacks this problem via Ricci flow. The naive idea to prove vanishing of homotopy groups would be to take a sphere in the space of constant curvature metrics, which (by contractibility of the space of all Riemannian metrics) will bound a ball in the space of Riemannian metrics, and then use Ricci flow to deform this ball into a ball in the space of constant curvature metrics. Of course, this does not work that easily because the Ricci flow will develop singularities along the flow. The main part of the paper consists in analyzing these singularities and showing that the constant curvature metric can be extended over neighborhoods of the singularities. As the authors point out, their proof also provides an alternative argument for Moscow rigidity. Namely, it shows that the space of constant curvature metrics modulo Isom(X) is connected, which together with the known finiteness implies that it consists of one point only.	137,244
In this society in which we live in is known to be very much forward but still, we feel ashamed talking about urine but some of you even don’t see that it tells about our health that it is fit or we are in any significant problem. Color or odor of your urine describes that what we eat in full day or how much our healthy our lifestyle is. Even it describes our water consuming capacity for each day. Many times we also are not known for our internal diseases.UC San Diego Health says that our urine is 95% made of our water in the body and left 5% consist of other things like chloride, sodium, and urea. Old red cells present in our body and when they break down these produce Urobilim, and this makes most common color of urine is yellow…Watch more below and click in the link!!! August 25, 2018 August 22, 2018	3,631
This recent group of paintings reconfigure observed and felt textures, colors and forms in order to infuse empathy for temporal experience within the context of a neo-platonic, Universalist reading of 20th century abstract painting. Specifically, the work is inspired by and evokes a particular sense of place- post-industrial upstate New York.Through color, facture and economy of means the paintings refer to the region’s surviving vernacular architecture (and the people who inhabit those spaces), current socio-economic realities and a Yankee pragmatism that makes survival here possible. While not intended to be a critique of elitist-utopian aesthetics of the past century, or of the technology infatuated manifestations of the contemporary art environment, their small scale, plebian materials, and general ephemerality elude to contrasting qualities of humility and compassion, as well as to the interdependence of the comic and the sublime. To quote Faulkner, “Merely to survive is a triumph.” Interview by Tim Thayer with Albany, New York based artist Russell DeYoung. The interview was done via email during October 2008. TT: Do you have differences on how you approach and execute a work when it is more representational (landscape, portrait) from when work is more abstracted? RD: That is a very interesting question. You know, I don't employ the disjunction of images as a strategy, like say Gerhardt Richter. It's just that I need certain things as a painter from, let's call it retinal painting, when you are looking at the thing you are painting, and what you call "abstracted", which for me means simply you make it up. Of course you make it all up, on some level. But what I get from retinal painting is lacking in let's say, non-retinal painting, and also the reverse is true. Lately, over the last three years or so, I've been pretty involved in the make-it-up-as- you- go kind. It is for me an exercise of the imagination, to prove to myself I still have one. The other painting, retinal painting, is exercise for the eyes, for the careful perception of three-dimensional "reality" and the phenomenon of translating that information into two dimensions, like a camera. All painting is abstract. TT: I would certainly agree with you that all painting is abstract, so for lack of a better word we could say non-representational, but that seems to be even worse of a word. Alright, for now we are stuck, at least for this discussion, with abstract and representational. Anyway, to the question: in the more abstract work do you, either while working or in the end, have a symbolic connection to something more tangible in your past? Basically I mean, does the work remind you of something specific - your uncle, a camping trip, a T.V. commercial - or is it even more "abstract" or theoretical? RD: I think it works both ways, or back and forth if you like - painting helps me see the world differently, and looking informs painting. But I do not think of the paintings as "symbolic" or derived from some specific form or event. In fact I work very hard to avoid it and it happens all the time - "oh this form or area of the painting reminds me of this or looks like a penis" or whatever - so I get rid of it. There is a relationship to other paintings or painters at work in the "abstract" painting, if that's what you mean by "theoretical". TT: Do you try to edit out the influence of other painters, or just find it an enjoyable connection? RD: Any recognizable "influence" in my work has been consciously employed in order to engage in a dialogue with the ideas those tropes represent, and to question certain assumptions about abstract painting. The last two decades has been all about appropriation, right? As a device, appropriated imagery runs the gamut from the poignant to the absurd. The cultural critic Thomas McEviley says that cultural cannibalism is a symptom of the end of empire, which makes a lot of sense. So there a lot of complex issues that come into play when one talks about "influence", not the least of which is the antiquated modern notion of "originality", which we now recognize as a romantic stand-in for the more market-driven concept of "branding". TT: What percentage of the reasons for painting these works is based on that exploration (of a dialog with other painters/ideas)? Essentially, is that what these works are about, or are they about many things, that being one of them? RD: Oh I don't know percents. Some do more than others for sure. These paintings are about the possibility of grace to work in the lives of "ungraceful" or regular people. That's not always a pretty thing. How do they do that? I don't know if they do - I mean, that is my intention. So one uses formal elements, like scale for example, or the pallet, along with the basic character of the forms and the way the paint is handled - kind of dumpy and right in the middle - you know, like no tricks or facility or whatever - and at the same time allow for the thing, the painting to surprise - even fail. You look to people whose work you feel is empathetic to those ideas, like Morandi or Guston or someone like Peter Acheson. On the other hand, maybe you're saying to yourself, I can make like a little tiny Clifford Still painting, you know? Be the anti-hero, the slacker. Little things can be scary, can be sublime. TT: Does it matter if the viewer understands, or even knows about, your intentions for the work? Or are these personal, motivating ideas for you? RD: Well sure, one wants them to read on some level. But paintings "mean" or "read" in their own way, in their own language. We can talk about what they mean, or what I hope they mean in words all day long, but in end you have this thing, the painting, and ultimately you have to deal with that. It just hangs on the wall. It's got all the time in the world. The other factor is what the viewer brings to the work. We all see what we want, what we need, and that changes too, over time. The painting doesn't change. TT: How do you like to work - big blocks of time, late at night, early in the morning - what conditions are ideal for you? RD: It depends. Usually it's when I can get time and money at the same time-they seem to be mutually exclusive. I draw a lot. I tend to work really intensely for long blocks of time- weeks, months, then not at all for a while. But I'm always thinking about working, always. TT: Do you feel fortunate to be a painter in this time? TT: Why are you a painter, versus being a poet, sculptor, musician, or even stockbroker? RD: Just lucky I guess. TT: Do you have work that fails and are hidden or destroyed - in doing the interview with Eunju Kang she said the "failed" work she puts away and then often looking at it later it gives her something - an idea to go on or to even rework the piece or a feeling that it wasn't so bad - how does "failed" work fit into your life? RD: Oh yes. I think it all fails on some level, just some more than others. Other painters have said it before- and its true- it's always the next painting that you are going to get right. I can't stand to have old work lying about in storage-its depressing. I either paint over stuff, give it away, throw it out, yes. It is very cathartic to chuck a big painting in the dumpster. TT: You have also worked as an art professor and so I assume teachers must have had an influence on you both to inspire your art work as well as to be a teacher. At what point, after graduate school, did you feel you were on your own ground? (Russell, I know this question assumes a lot - maybe you were on your own ground your second year of undergraduate work - feel free to correct my assumptions). RD: On the contrary- I don't think we should assume I am on "my own ground" yet. I mean I don't have it figured out by any means. I've been at some places with my work where I felt pretty good, you know, like it was the right thing to be doing at the time and things like that, and I think I've made a few good paintings in my life- but it comes and goes- it really does. And I didn't learn anything about painting in school. TT: Is there any conflict with selling work? Would you prefer to keep all the work yourself? RD: God no. Sell it all. I don't get attached to things in general. TT: Thanks Russell. Is there anything you'd like to add to this brief, but informative (for me) discussion? RD: Thank you Tim, it's been really great. Thanks so much for taking an interest. Russell DeYoung art, painting, oil painting, wax and oil, mixed media, Fine Arts Interview, Conversations with Artists, New York art, american artist, Eastcoast painters, Russell DeYoung, works on paper, works on panel, arts, art galleries showing Russell DeYoung, Albany art, oil painting, drawing, painter interview, words on art.	195,713
Guide to the John Wilson Papers, 1840-1897 Guide to the John Wilson Papers, 1840-1897 Collection number: BANC MSS C-B 420The Bancroft Library University of California, Berkeley - The Bancroft Library. - University of California, Berkeley - Berkeley, California, 94720-6000 - Phone: (510) 642-6481 - Fax: (510) 642-7589 - Email: email@example.com - URL: http://bancroft.berkeley.edu - Processed by: - The Bancroft Library staff - Encoded by: - Brooke Dykman Dockter Key to Arrangement Outgoing letters, 1849-1875 - 10 items, drafts, some incomplete. Incoming correspondence, A-L Incoming correspondence, M-Z John Wilson's papers. Ide, William B. Proclamation to people of Sonoma, June 15, 1846 Wilson's papers relating to Deseret petition of 1849 include his appointment as delegate for the state of Deseret to the convention and draft of petition to Peter H. Burnett. Papers as Indian Agent: Memos relating to Indian tribes in intermountain region (see also copy of Wilson letter of Aug. 22, 1849 to Ewing, Box I); invoices; vouchers, abstracts and accounts of trip from Missouri to California (including vouchers to Joel Palmer for his services as guide and to Peter Lassen). Accounts as Naval agent. Diary, marked no. 3, Mar. 1864 records portion of journey to Chihuahua; his stay there; Santa Eulalia mines; evils of Mexican priesthood; religious rites; Apaches; mention of Governor Luis Terrazas Diaries 1 and 4, 1864, also form part of the Chihuahua trip. (Purchased from Mrs. McPortland, Jan. 1965) Miscellaneous legal papers, arranged chronologically - 1850-1876. Brought together here were documents either drawn up by Wilson or in which he figures in some way. Include: (1) Sharon, William Agreement with Isaac Saffarans. Aug. 1, 1850 (2) Hagan, James Agreement with Wilson et al concerning Leidesdorff estate. Aug. 14, 1850 (3) Brown & Bouldin Agreement with Wilson concerning fees as attorney in suit brought up re Vaca/Peña grant Miscellaneous legal papers (not by or directly concerning Wilson). Arranged alphabetically. Mainly summons and subpoenas in various cases. Also include: (1) Dalton, Henry Lease of Santa Anita Ranch to Alexander W. Hope, Dec. 27, 1852. (2) Love, Mary Power of attorney to William I. Higgins, Apr. 1, 1858 (3) Patterson, William H. Duplicate contract of sale of Rancho Corallitos to W. J. Williams, Sept. 23, 1867. (4) U.S. Surveyor General Plat of the Rancho San Augustin. Copy, signed by J. W. Mandeville, June 27, 1860 Papers relating to Briones claims for Bolinas: (1) Notes in Wilson's hand concerning claim (2) Certified copy of case no. 189 Northern District, U.S. vs. Gregorio Briones. Papers relating to Castro suit for Rancho San Pablo, 1854-1859, include Wilson's notice to the Castros, Feb. 18, 1854, and printed letter by A. J. Kopsch concerning a portion of the San Pablo Rancho, Oct. 10, 1859. Notes in Wilson's hand relating to claims for Punta de los Reyes. Papers relating to personal property in Contra Costa County, 1853-1865. (leases and deeds) Papers relating to other personal property, in San Francisco, various ranches, and mines, 1850-1864 Powers of attorney to Wilson. Accounts, tax statements Miscellaneous papers of Wilson family; Wakeman family; Cooper family. Wilson, Ann Robertson (Pulliam) (Mrs. John Wilson) (1) Certified copy of marriage record, 1877 (2) Widow's pension papers (3) Memorial card, 1886 Wilson, Micajah D. (Son of Ann and John Wilson) Appointments as commissioner of deeds for California in the states of Kentucky, Missouri, Ohio, New Hampshire and Virginia. Also appointment as notary public for California in Missouri, 1849 Cooper, Katherine (Wakeman) (grand-daughter) Scrapbook of newspaper clippings, a few relating to Ann and John Wilson and to Mary Eliza (Wilson) Wakeman, and some concerning Santa Cruz social affairs. (1) Miscellaneous Cooper & Co. records, 1852-1853 (2) Santa Cruz County: Names of voters and number of votes polled in election held Sept. 6, 1854. (3) Papers relating to Watsonville Guards (California Militia), 1863-1868 (8 items) (4) Copies of correspondence - petitions for the job of Postmaster at Santa Cruz for William F. Cooper. Wakeman, Ferdinand O.: Legal papers 7 items (1849) relating to claims against the Mexican Government for imprisonment with Isaac Graham in 1840. Agreements and powers of attorney with and to Wakeman and William I. Higgins. Davis, William: Deeds of mining property in Nevada to Wakeman (3 items). Wakeman, Mary Elizah (Wilson) (daughter of Ann and John Wilson) (1) Letter for William Rockwell to R. A. Redman concerning Wakeman/Wilson property, May 27, 1890 Miscellaneous accounts - not Wilson's - include: (1) Receipts relating to Thomas C. Carpenter and the Bark Ralph Cross (1849) (2) Philadelphia Commercial and Mining Company: Receipts, 1849-1850 (8 items) Rogers, Fred B.: Notes concerning Wilson papers. Additional notes (gift of Fred B. Rogers, 1964) Partial List of Correspondents Letters Addressed o Wilson Andrews, J. H. Re Point Reyes Ranch and Randall heirs. Nov. 2, 1869 2 letters, re Vaca/Peña grant. 1858 Aud, Francis L. 3 letters, 1851-1853. 1851 letter refers to water lot speculation in San Francisco. Bell, Bary C Re Bodega Ranch. June 7, 1859 Bennett, M. V. Re land claims in Santa Cruz County relating to his mother's (Mary Bennett, later Mary Love) property. Sept. 22, 1857 see Love, Mary Bennett Berry, Richard N. Re Whig Party. Jan. 10, 1851 Re Whig organization in Calaveras County. June 24, 1852 Nov. 27, 1874 Bennett, Winston 1819- 4 letters, 1852-1858 Browder, Thomas W. Re legal business pertaining to land grants, mainly in Santa Cruz County. 12 letters, 1859. see U.S. Office of Indian Affairs. Brown, Thomas A., 1823-1889 2 letters, 1853-1855 Bruce, Samuel C. 6 letters re estate of Samuel Gregg. 1851-1857 Burnett, Peter Hardeman, 1807-1895 4 letters re Madden case. 1852-1854 Carpentier, Horace W., 1824-1918 Re copies of records of Vicente and Antonio Peralta. July 4, 1852 Re politics. [ca. 1851?] Crabb & Co., Santa Cruz Partially re Whigs in the local election. Sept. 9, 1851 Crane, James M. Re Whigs and Thomas Butler King. Feb. 22, 1852 Curl, James D. Aug. 19, Currey, John, 1814-1912 May 11, 1859 Carr, Jesse Douglas 5 letters, 1857-1859. Letter of Apr. 25, 1857 re politics and Whigs in Santa Clara County. Re John C. Frémont's Mariposa claim. Sketch map of mines included. 5 letters, 1858, relate to property on Weber/Gulnac grant. Collins, John Anderson 4 letters, 1851-1853, re Whig politics in Grass Valley. References to John B. Weller. Crabb, Henry A. 2 letters, 1853, re Whig convention and politics; anti-Bigler. Crane, George W. 2 letters, 1850-1851 Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889 California's future, commerce with Asia. Dec. 5, 1850 Importance of establishing telegraphic connections between San Francisco and Sacramento via Stockton. June 13, 1851 Dodge, Henry Lee, 1825-1902 Apr. 27, 1850 Du Bertrand, E. Re gold in the Klamath River region. Oct. 1, 1850 3 letters relating to José Bolcoff, Rancho Soquel and Rancho de San Michael. 1853-1856 Dollarhide, Evan W. 4 letters re Vaca/Peña grant. 1859 Field, Stephen Johnson, 1816-1899 August 16, 1856 Ford, Henry L., 1822-1860 4 letters re mines: Gulnac claim and San Francisco property. 1852-1857 Re land grants of San Ysidro, Las Animas and Llagos. n.d. Re Whigs in El Dorado County. July 13, 1852 Gridley, R. C. Re politics in Yreka. May 29, 1855 Description of Guaymas by Wilson's nephew. June 23, 1860 Graham, William Alexander, 1804-1875 see U.S. Navy Dept. Hester, C. P. Re Martín Castro's Claim. Oct. 13, 1859 Hope, Alexander W., 1820- Re Whig party in Los Angeles. Dec. 30, 1851 Huddart, R. Townsend Re sale of Santa Cruz ranches to foreign capitalists. May 18, 1853 Harper, John H. 2 letters re Gold Bluff mines. 1852 Hartley, Henry Hare 3 letters re Vaca grant. 1859 Helstrom, S. M. 6 letters re Pacheco/Mesa grants. One letter incomplete. 1858-1859 Hihn, F. A. 9 letters re Tarpey case, Rincon Ranch and Soquel Ranch. 1857-1859 3 letters re Soquel Ranch. 1857-1858 Hubbs, Paul K., 1800-1874 16 letters re legal aspects concerning lots and lands; Colton grants. 1854-1856 Jarragin, J. M. Description of Sonora; mention of Santa Anna. Jan. 25, 1854 Johnson, John Neely, 1825-1872 Re meeting of Whig State Central Committee. Feb. 25, 1852 Jones, James McHall, 1823-1851 Nov. 8, 1851 Jones, Roger, 1789-1852 see U.S. Adjutant General's Office; U.S. Post Office Jones, Thomas Ap Catesby, 1790-1856 4 letters, 1849-1850. Written as Commander-in-chief, U.S. Naval Forces, Pacific Ocean. Some also signed by Rodman M. Price. Enclosure: contemporary copy of letter from Edwin Bryant to Jones. All relate to Wilson's bond as Navy Agent for San Francisco. King, Austin Augustus, 1802-1870 May 24, n.y. Langdon, C. W. Re La Jota grant and George C. Yount. Nov. 1, 1859 May 24, 1858 Latham & Sunderland, Sacramento 2 letters re Vaca/Peña grant. 1857 Love, Mary Bennett About business matters. With one letter from John Moore to Mrs. Bennett. Re San Ysidro Ranch. Written and with additional note by Thomas Bodley. May 16, 1857 McKinstry, Elisha Williams, 1825-1901 Re Moraga vs. Emeric. May 15, 1854 Majors, Joseph L. Written and signed for him by C. Winterholter. Apr. 21, 1859 Marshall, Edward C. Re Gulnac claim; politics; Gwin and Broderick. Nov. 11, 1854 Minor, D. K. Addressed to James M. Crane, but meant also for John Wilson. Re lots in San Francisco. Dec. 2, 1853 Montgomery, John Berrien, 1794-1873 Requesting information concerning town lots held by his two deceased sons. Mar. 13, 1853 Moore, Jacob Bailey, 1797-1853 Relating to Wilson's accounts as Indian Agent and Navy Agent. Feb. 18, 1853 Moore, John H. Re Mary Bennett Love's case; Whigs. June 14, 1852 See also: Love, Mary Bennett Murphy, John M. Re San Jose Pueblo Land Claim. Sept. 26, 1856 5 letters re Guadalupe Castro; Soquel Ranch. 1857-1858 McLean, John T. 2 letters re Whigs in Santa Cruz. 1851-1852 Martin, G. T. 2 letters re Whigs. 1851-1852 Medill, William, 1805-1865 see U.S. Office of Indian Affairs. Merrill, Nathaniel, 1823-1900 5 letters, 1856. Include one letter to Henry L. Ford. Re Claims in Tehama County. Monson, A. C. 2 letters re Whigs. One letter written as Chairman, Whig Convention Committee. 1851 Moore, Benjamin F. 3 letters re Whigs in Tuolumne County. 1851-1852 Morris, Robert Murray 2 letters re his duties as escort to John Wilson on journey to California. 1849 Morse, John Frederick, 1815-1874 4 letters re Whig Party in California. 1851-1852 Mudd, J. H. Clay 2 letters re Whigs in Washington, D.C. and political appointments of Californians. 1852 9 letters re Soquel Ranch. 1857-1858 Ormsby, C. N. Re Whig politics. Anti - Thomas Butler King. June 30, 1851 Declining nomination to the House. Aug. 6, 1851 Peckham, R. F., 1827- Feb. 12, 1857 Re Whigs in Butte Co. May 14, 1851 Parks, H. G. 6 letters re Vaca grant. 1857-1859 3 letters re land around Santa Cruz. 1859 Porter, George R. 4 letters. 1858 Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862 see U.S. Navy Dept. Reading, Pierson Barton, 1816-1868 Accepting nomination as Whig candidate for office of State Governor. June 9, 1851 Reed, E. P. 2 letters re property in San Jose. 1855 3 letters re Whig party. One letter written and signed for Robinson by John Frederick Morse. 1852 Russell, William Henry, 1802-1873 7 letters. Include one letter to Major Allen. Some relate to politics. 1849-1853. Sargent, Aaron Augustus, 1827-1887 Re politics. May 25, 1855 Semple, Charles D. Re politics. May 21, 1855 Seward, William Henry, 1801-1872 Re politics. Also clipping of Mar. 15, 1854 sent by Seward to Wilson (of Wilson's endorsement on verso) Dec. 6, 1856 Smith, S. S. As clerk of Whig Party Ward Committee. July 2, 1851 Swan, Thomas M. Aug. 31, 1859 Description of Hangtown (Placerville) and of mining. Jan. 27, 1850 Sawyer, Ebenezer D. 5 letters. Whig Politics; San Francisco water front land. 1854 2 letters re Whigs in Sutter County. 1851 Smith, Henry H. 2 letters re property around Martinez. 1859 Smith, Truman, 1791-1884 25 letters re Whig politics; Thomas Butler King; Pacific Railroad; gold, copper and silver mines of Lake Superior. 1850-1856 Stout, Alfred H. 2 letters re Whigs in Colusa County; California Indians. 1851-1853 Taylor, R. H. Requesting information to refute democratic charges against the Whigs. Aug. 15, 1851 Torre, Pablo della Aug. 11, 1858 Torrence, G. W. Letter of introduction for Mr. William Bickham, Whig delegate from El Dorado County. May 22, 1851 6 letters re Sutter Claim. 1852-1853 5 letters re Santa Cruz lands. 1857-1858 2 letters re Vaca/Peña grants; news of Governor Boggs. 1859 4 letters. 1858-1859 U.S. Adjutant General's Office Contemporary copy (for Wilson) of letter by Roger Jones to William Wing Loring. Apr. 13, 1849 U.S. General Land Office Signed by James Whitcomb, Commissioner. Aug. 19, 1840 U.S. Post Office Letter from Fitzhenry Warren, enclosing letter from Roger Jones, of May 14, 1849. May 15, 1849 U.S. Quartermaster's Dept. Written by Charles Thomas. Oct. 14, 1851 Upson, Lauren, d. 1885 Written on California lettersheet "Diagram of the Burnt District - Sacramento ... 1852." Discussion of the Chinese Question in terms of its political significance to the Whigs. June 12, 1854 U.S. Navy Dept. 9 letters, 1849-1851. 3 signed by William Ballard Preston, 6 signed by William A. Graham. All relate to Wilson as Navy Agent. U.S. Office of Indian Affairs 3 letters, 1849-1850. Written by Orlando Brown and William Medill. Apr. 7, 1859 letter includes commission to Wilson as Indian Agent, signed by Zachary Taylor. Feb. 19, 1850 letter contains statement as to boundaries of Indian agencies, defining Wilson's authority to west of the Sierra Nevada. U.S. Treasury Dept. 3 letters re accounts as former Indian Agent. Signed by Powell Clayton. 1851-1853 Van Dyke, Walter 2 letters re Whigs; scheme for getting mail for Trinidad, California. 1852 Weller, John B., 1812-1875 Nov. 9, 1857. Whitton, Jesse W. Re George Yount's claim in Napa Valley. Apr. 12, 1852 Wilson, William Henry Re Gold Bluff Mine. May 5, 1857 Winn, A. M. Re Temperance organization in relation to politics. Oct. 2, 1855 4 letters re Whigs and politics. 1850-1853 Weld, E. F. Re various land claims, including Coggeshall's. 6 letters, 1858-1859. Wilson, Micajah D., d. 1862 3 letters re Gold Bluff Mines. Reference to J. Ross Browne. Aug. 10, 1858 letter to Henry L. Ford. 1851-1858 Wilson, O. P. 5 letters re Amesti claim, Calavessero grant. 1858-1859 Wood, R. N. 4 letters re Whig politics. Include copy of letter addressed to President Fillmore, written by Wood and signed by various Whig members of the California legislature. 1852 Worster, J. Rutherford 5 letters re politics and business affairs. 1854-1855 Yoell, Jasper Alexander Re Gulnac claim. Oct. 28, 1854 Young, John, 1802-1852 Introducing Samuel Strong. Feb. 16, 1850 2 letters re San Jose Pueblo Lands. 1851-1852 Letters Not Addressed to Wilson Alvarado, Juan Bautista, 1809-1882 To John Gilroy. Oct. 3, 1858 Kenaday, Alexander McConnell To A. C. Russell, concerning politics in Southern California. July 24, 1851	104,576
Two and a half years ago I left Google and set out to build a new kind of search engine. This may sound a little crazy, but all the best things are like that :-) We’ve been avoiding the tech press and trying to build things quietly, but this week we’re launched our user-facing app. I’m really proud of what the team has built, so it’s exciting to finally be able to say a bit more about it. The problem we’ve been working on is finding specific items locally. For example, a light bulb just broke and it’s a strange fitting, where’s the nearest place you can get a new one? Or you’re half way through a recipe and realise you’re missing an ingredient – where do you get it? Existing search engines do a really bad job of answering questions like this. The reason is that, in order to provide a good answer, you need to know what products are stocked in all the local shops. It turns out that nobody has this data – not even the shops themselves in many cases. It’s kind of strange to think that you can search the entire internet in a fraction of a second, but the contents of the shop around the corner remains a mystery unless you go there in person. But that’s the state of the world in 2015. At Pointy we’ve been working on solving that problem. So let us introduce the Pointy box: The Pointy box is a piece of hardware we designed, which essentially connects a shop’s barcode scanner to their Pointy web page. When the shop scans a product, it gets listed on the web page instantly. How it all works is illustrated on our retailer signup page. The Pointy box looks simple, but we had to solve some very hard technical problems to make it a “just works” experience for every store in the world. We can support basically any piece of equipment we find in the wild, everything from ancient cash registers that look like they belong in a Western, right up to iPad based systems. A lot of creativity went into making that possible. From the retailers’ point of view, it’s extremely simple. They just plug in the box and within a few minutes they have a nice website for their shop, which automatically lists everything they sell. They’re also part of the Pointy local search app. There’s no extra work and no configuration, it just fits in with their existing systems. Happily, retailers seem to love this. We started to roll it out widely in June this year, and by December roughly 1 in 8 of all shops in our launch city (Dublin, Ireland) are using the system. There’s a vast variety of shops now on the platform, basically the whole range of local shops: bike stores, pharmacies, hardware, convenience, pet shops, delis, supermarkets, wine stores, toy shops, book stores, garden centres, even horse supply shops. There’s a huge data challenge in identifying the right name and picture to go with a barcode, and that actually occupies a big chunk of our engineering team, but that’s a topic for another post. Our system is built on Google Cloud Platform, which has let us scale quickly without having to spend time on non-core problems. I built my last startup on AWS, so it was a little bit of a change to use Google Cloud this time around. However, it’s been a really great choice. It gives us a beautiful combination of scale and agility. We deploy to production often multiple times per day, which is extremely easy with the GCP tools. This lets us iterate rapidly, and focus on our product rather than system administration. I suppose when you’re building a search engine, using Google’s infrastructure seems like an obvious choice :-) It’s been a great experience so far, but we’re not close to the end. There’s still a long way to go to connect every shop on the planet, after all. We’re getting there, and having fun along the way. If you’re interested, we’re always looking for good people.	3,191
.- As part of a continuing intitiative aimed at improving understanding between Christians and Muslims, a Vatican delegation will be taking part in a three-day discussion on religion and society in Iran. From Nov. 9-11, representatives from the Pontifical Council for Inter-religious Dialogue and heads from the Catholic Church in Iran will meet with members of the Islamic Culture and Relations Organization to discuss "Religion and Society: Christian and Muslim perspectives." This is the seventh meeting between representatives from both sides. According to the Islamic organization, discussions will focus on three papers analyzing the contemporary opportunities and challenges to religion and society as well as philosophical, theological, historical and legal approaches to the theme. Dr. Mohammad Bagher Khorramshad, Iran's deputy minister for foreign affairs and director of the Islamic relations group, is to chair the proceedings. The Vatican delegation is being led by Cardinal president Jean-Louis Tauran of the Council for Inter-religious Dialogue.	163,856
Loan relationships: ‘hybrid’ securities with embedded derivatives: what is a ‘hybrid security’? What is a ‘hybrid’ security? It should be noted that the word ‘hybrid’ is used in this section of the Corporate Finance Manual, as it often is in commercial parlance, as a shorthand way of describing convertible, exchangeable, asset-linked and similar securities, for which there is a special tax treatment within the loan relationships and derivative contracts rules. Accounting practice makes a distinction between hybrid financial instruments, comprising one or more derivatives embedded in a financial asset or liability, and compound financial instruments, comprising a financial liability plus an equity component - CFM25080 explains the difference between the two. This guidance covers instruments - such as a convertible security issued by a company - that are, in accounting terms, compound financial instruments, as well as those that an accountant would recognise as ‘hybrid’. It should also be noted that the derivative contracts rules in CTA09/PT7 refer to a particular type of derivative as a ‘hybrid derivative’. This is different to the more colloquial use of the word ‘hybrid’ to describe convertible, exchangeable and asset-linked securities. Embedded derivatives in non-financial contracts The type of ‘bifurcated’ accounting treatment described in CFM25040 does not only apply to contracts that are loan relationships, and the special tax rules for derivative contracts apply to cases other than derivatives that are embedded in ‘hybrid’ financial instruments. These include derivatives embedded in contracts other than loan relationships. CFM52520 onwards has more on the tax treatment of these types of derivatives.	53,352
Creates a retired military personnel license plate; such distinctive plate would include the words "U.S. armed forces retired" and the person's branch insignia. TITLE OF BILL: An act to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to creating a distinctive license plate for certain retired military personnel PURPOSE: To authorize the issuance of distinctive license plates bearing the words "U.S. Armed forces retired." SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS: Adds a new section 404-x to the vehicle and traffic law to provide for the creation of "U.S. Armed forces retired" license plates. An annual service charge shall be charged for the plate, and this fee shall be deposited to the credit of the department of motor vehicles custom plate development fund. JUSTIFICATION: There are numerous custom license plates for military personnel in New York State including a generic one for veterans, but there is not one specifically for retired military personnel. Retired military can be a veteran but so is a person who conceivably spent as little time in the military as one day. Retired veterans should be able to be recognized through a license plate as are the multitude of other military units and groups. No license plate today in New York State recognizes a veteran for a lifetime of service to his country. LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: 2008 - 2010 Referred to Transportation FISCAL IMPLICATIONS: None. EFFECTIVE DATE: This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after it shall have become law, with provisions. STATE OF NEW YORK ________________________________________________________________________ 719 2011-2012 Regular Sessions IN SENATE (PREFILED) January 5, 2011 ___________Introduced by Sen. ROBACH -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Transportation AN ACT to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to creating a distinctive license plate for certain retired military personnel THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM- BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 404-x to read as follows: S 404-X. DISTINCTIVE PLATES FOR CERTAIN RETIRED MILITARY PERSONNEL. 1. ANY RETIRED MILITARY PERSONNEL, RESIDING IN THIS STATE SHALL, UPON REQUEST, BE ISSUED A LICENSE PLATE BEARING THE WORDS "U.S. ARMED FORCES RETIRED" AND SHALL HAVE THE INSIGNIA OF THE MILITARY BRANCH THAT SUCH PERSON SERVED IN ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE LICENSE PLATE. APPLICATION FOR SUCH LICENSE PLATE SHALL BE FILED WITH THE COMMISSIONER IN SUCH FORM AND DETAIL AS THE COMMISSIONER SHALL PRESCRIBE. 2. THE DISTINCTIVE PLATE AUTHORIZED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE ISSUED UPON PROOF, SATISFACTORY TO THE COMMISSIONER, THAT THE APPLICANT SERVED IN THE MILITARY. 3. A DISTINCTIVE PLATE ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE ISSUED IN THE SAME MANNER AS OTHER NUMBER PLATES UPON PAYMENT OF THE REGULAR REGISTRATION FEE PRESCRIBED BY SECTION FOUR HUNDRED ONE OF THIS ARTICLE PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT A ONE TIME FEE OF FIFTEEN DOLLARS SHALL BE CHARGED FOR SUCH PLATE. SUCH ANNUAL SERVICE CHARGE SHALL BE DEPOSITED TO THE CREDIT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES DISTINCTIVE PLATE DEVELOPMENT FUND ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO SECTION NINETY-FIVE-G OF THE STATE FINANCE LAW AND SHALL BE USED FOR PRODUCTION, DESIGN, ADVERTISING AND MARKETING OF CUSTOM LICENSE PLATES. S 2. This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after it shall have become a law. Effective immediately, the addition, amend- ment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for the implemen- tation of this act on its effective date are authorized and directed to be made and completed on or before such effective date.EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [ ] is old law to be omitted. LBD01935-01-1	195,113
Every story matters in how they move you, change your perspective and inspire. As a journalist with over ten years of experience, I've interviewed thousands of people. Time and time again, I was shocked to hear that many interviewees didn't believe their story mattered. Why do people think their story is irrelevant? I believe that everybody's story matters. Likewise, our hearts and minds can change as we learn about other people's stories. People like Jow Way, an immigrant single Chinese mother who raised two kids by herself in the housing projects of New York. She didn't speak English, worked several day jobs, including hard labor jobs in a sweat shop environment, laundromat and pizzeria. She also made jewelry at home for a wholesaler and eventually worked her way up to a receptionist job at a doctor's office. Following her passion for fashion, Way eventually opened up her own clothing business, bought a house (outside of the ghetto) and raised two educated children. Way is Villy Wang's mom. Wang is the CEO and founder -- or as I like to call the "Head CAT" -- of BAYCAT, a San Francisco-based non-profit social enterprise that educates, inspires and employs underserved youth in the digital media arts. Wang still gets emotional when she speaks about her mother. "She inspired me to be a banker and lawyer on Wall Street and did the best she could, yet till this day she doesn't feel like what she did as a single mother raising two kids, not speaking the language, opening up a biz [is a big deal]. She still thinks her story is irrelevant," she said. Feel inspired as you learn about Villy Wang, who went from working in a sweatshop and living in the New York projects to achieving her dreams as a Wall Street banker and lawyer. Find out why she left a big job title and paycheck to start BAYCAT. What I love most about BAYCAT is that the kids not only learn multimedia tool, they also learn responsibility and self worth with every video and film project. I have seen many kids like Lamar Turner mature as they went through the program. Lamar and others are now giving back and have become ambassadors -- mentoring the newcomers. I first met Villy at the Bank of America Local Hero Awards where I was a 2011 recipient and she was a recipient from the year before. I knew we were kindred spirits. After a few follow-up meetings to discuss how my non-profit, GIG and BAYCAT could join forces with our GIG Spark (Lesson on Compassion) Program, I realized we shared similar stories. My mother, Tran Lam, also does not believe her story is relevant. My parents had a successful business in Vietnam, but in the late '70s, when the communists took over, she and my Dad gave up everything they worked for to bring their five children and a few other relatives to America for "opportunity." They ended up with $4 in their pockets in Sacramento, California, in a trailer -- yes there were 10 of us crammed in one trailer. "We were happy, we were all together, safe and you had a future," my immigrant mother reminisces with a smile. My mother speaks six languages, raised five successful children, yet she still says things like, "I'm glad my children are smart and independent like their Dad." I still don't think my Mom knows how much of an impact she's made on my life -- and that the inspiration I'm trying to spark around the world with GIG started, in part, to her strength, incredible endurance and survival skills. I hope that she and Jow Way will one day comprehend how their undying love, relentless spirit and search for a better opportunity continues to ripple out through BAYCAT, GIG and by people like you, who are reading, sharing their stories and using your power to help others.As you saw in the video, the storytelling was disrupted when BAYCAT was recently burglarized and thieves sole more than $50,000 worth of laptops. The kids got over the shock and sadness quickly and went back to work and kicked off a "$50K in 50 days" Indiegogo campaign to replace the laptops. Values and actions like these can be traced back to Jow Way's impact on Wang and Wang's impact on the BAYCAT kids. Join me in raising my computer "mouse" to Jow Way, Tran and everyone out there -- especially the youth that don't think their stories matters. You matter. You do. Please share a story in the comments section below that inspired you! 1. Learn more about their Indiegogo campaign to raise "$50K in 50 Days." 2. Follow @BAYCATSF on Twitter and BAYCAT on Facebook. 3. Get to know someone's story in your community and share it. WHAT CAN YOU DO? Follow Toan Lam on Twitter: www.twitter.com/GoInspireGo	256,553
- •Caregiver behavior is a mechanism by which culture affects infant acute pain. - •Individualism is measured using a systematic continuous scale. - •Emotional availability mediated caregiver culture and infant pain. Purchase one-time access:Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access One-time access price info - For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal' - For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals' - Conceptual approaches to acculturation.in: Chun K.M. Balls Organista P. Marin G. Acculturation: Advances in Theory, Measurement, and Applied Research. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC2003: 17-37 Biringen Z: The emotional availability (EA) scales, 4th ed. Published by emotionalavailability.com, 2008 - Emotional availability (EA): Theoretical background, empirical research using the EA scales, and clinical applications.Dev Rev. 2014; 34: 114-167 - Attachment and Loss: Vol 1: Attachment.Basic Books, New York1969/1982 - A cross-sectional examination of the relationships between caregiver proximal soothing and infant pain over the first year of life.Pain. 2013; 154: 813-823 - Social influences, culture, and ethnicity.in: McGrath P.J. Finley G.A. Pediatric Pain: Biological and Social Context. IASP Press, Seattle2003: 159-182 - Culture and human development: Implications for parenting, educating, pediatrics, and mental health.in: Sigel I.E. Renninger K.A. Damon W. Handbook of Personality Psychology in Practice. 5th ed. Wiley, New York1998: 1059-1109 - Pain expression in neonates: Facial action and cry.Pain. 1987; 28: 395-410 - Long-term consequences of pain in human neonates.Semin Fetal Neonat Med. 1987; 11: 268-275 - Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium.Commun Monogr. 2009; 76: 408-420 - Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach.The Guildford Press, New York2013 - Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values.Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA1980 - Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind.3rd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York2010 - A systematic review of cross-cultural comparison studies of child, parent, and health professional outcomes associated with pediatric medical procedures.J Pain. 2012; 13: 207-219 - Differences between Japanese infants and Caucasian American infants in behavioral and cortisol response to inoculation.Child Dev. 1993; 64: 1722-1731 - Biobehavioral pain responses in former extremely low birth weight infants at four months’ corrected age.Pediatrics. 2000; 105: 1-10 - The relationships among caregiver culture, caregiver behaviours, and infant pain at 12 months of age.(Master’s thesis) York University, Toronto, Canada2014 (Available at:)http://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/29897/ONeill_Monica_C_2014_MA.pdf?sequence=2(Accessed December 7, 2015) - Parental judgments of infant pain: Importance of perceived cognitive abilities, behavioral cues and contextual cues.Pain. 2004; 9: 73-80 - The relationship between caregiver sensitivity and infant pain behaviors across the first year of life.Pain. 2011; 152: 2819-2826 - Variability in infant acute pain responding meaningfully obscured by averaging pain responses.Pain. 2013; 154: 714-721 - Assessing pain in infancy: The caregiver context.Pain Res Manag. 2009; 14: 27-32 - Psychological theories and biopsychosocial models in pediatric pain.in: McGrath P. Stevens B. Walker S. Zempsky W. The Oxford Textbook of Pediatric Pain. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom2013: 85-94 - Predicting maternal and behavioral measures of infant pain: The relative contribution of maternal factors.Pain. 2007; 133: 138-149 - Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models.Behav Res Methods. 2008; 40: 879-891 - Contemporary approaches to assessing mediation in communication research.in: Hayes A.F. Slater M.D. Snyder L.B. The Sage Sourcebook of Advanced Data Analysis Methods for Communication Research. Sage Publications, Los Angeles, CA2008: 13-54 - Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions.Multivar Behav Res. 2007; 42: 185-227 - Pain response in Chinese and non-Chinese Canadian infants: Is there a difference?.Soc Sci Med. 2000; 51: 175-184 - Is acculturation unidimensional or bidimensional? A head-to-head comparison in the prediction of personality, self-identity, and adjustment.J Pers Soc Psychol. 2000; 79: 49-65 - Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain response during subsequent routine vaccination.Lancet. 1997; 349: 599-603 - Improving national cultural indices using a longitudinal meta-analysis of Hofstede’s dimensions.J World Bus. 2012; 47: 329-341 - Individualism & Collectivism.Westview Press, Boulder, CO1995 - The influence of culture on maternal soothing behaviours and infant pain expression in the immunization context.Pain Res Manag. 2011; 16: 234-238 This research was supported by funds from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR; New Investigator Award and Operating Grant (Principal Investigator: Dr. Pillai Riddell) and the York Research Chairs Program. In addition, Ms. O'Neill received funding from the Ontario Graduate Scholarship program, the Meighen Wright Foundation scholarship program, the CIHR Canada Graduate Scholars program, and the CIHR Pain in Child Health Strategic Training Program. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.	292,764
Crossing the courtyard, Mabel’s domain – or part of it (the main house is surrounded by additions built on over the years) – confronts you. Approaching the main entrance, you walk along the same cobblestone walkway under the portal or covered porch trod by former visitors like D.H. and Frieda Lawrence, Leopold Stokowski, Georgia O’Keeffe, Tennessee Williams and numerous other houseguests of Mabel’s—famous and infamous, well-known names and unfamiliar ones. Saturday, August 6, 2011 Mabel Dodge Luhan House blog celebrates 1st anniversary in Taos and Remarkable Women Today marks the first anniversary of the “Mabel Dodge Luhan and the Remarkable Women of Taos” blog. If you go back to August 6, 2010 you’ll see that the initial posting began with a sign. It seemed appropriate to celebrate the blog’s new year with another sign from Taos: the one that indicates that you are in the vicinity of Mabel’s house. On this anniversary, let me introduce you to Mabel’s physical world. So much in Taos happens behind adobe walls…and so much is hidden away. In the case of the Mabel Dodge Luhan House, once you reach the parking lot, you can only see the solarium topped by El Gallo, the rooster weathervane.Only after climbing up the curving wooden plank steps, does the main house come into view. As you pass through the door with Mabel’s initials, you enter her world…and not her world. When you step into the living room, past and present collide. You are living in the present, Mabel isn’t. Yet although 2012 will mark the 50th anniversary since her death, she continues to inspire and inform the present. Reflecting on this first year anniversary of the blog, I realize I’m only beginning to tap into the variety, depth and breadth of subjects that interested Mabel. Restless, in need of entertainment, she loved surrounding herself with interesting people—in Italy, in New York, and in Taos. I believe that what she gleaned from her salons, what she wrote about, what she participated in before she arrived in New Mexico made her remarkable. In Taos she became more remarkable. And now? For starters, Mabel’s blog has inspired the Town of Taos to designate 2012, New Mexico’s 100th anniversary of statehood, as The Year of the Remarkable Women of Taos. And right at the head of it, there’s Mabel…and not Mabel. Earlier this afternoon I spoke with Lois Rudnick, Mabel’s biographer. (We are meeting next week to brainstorm and finalize events at the Mabel Dodge Luhan House as part of The Year of the Remarkable Women of Taos celebration.) I told Lois that Mabel was pushing me, driving me. She understood only too well. We both know that Mabel is at the heart of it all. Lois has a new book on Mabel going to the publisher, and I have one almost ready on two other remarkable women of Taos that includes Mabel snippets. Floodgates are opening around the Year of the Remarkable Women of Taos. Exhibitions and events around the theme burgeon with every passing week as we approach 2012. Daily now I add another name or five to the growing list of Taos’s remarkable women. So on this first anniversary of the “Mabel Dodge Luhan and the Remarkable Women of Taos” blog, all I can say is “stay tuned.” Adios for now,	288,179
Lunch is an important meal for kids and should provide at least one third of a child’s daily nutrients to help them grow, learn and play. Of course this time of year can be quite scary for parents (as well as kids!) as they face the ‘lunchbox challenge’ of trying to pack a healthy lunch that does not get swapped, thrown away or arrive home untouched! To help make this time of year a little less daunting we have put together lots of fun and practical top tips and resources to help make sure healthy lunchboxes instantly appeal to kids! Variety is key when it comes to the lunchbox. Children love variety & surprise. Vary the types of bread or starchy foods that you use. Include wraps, pitta breads, baps, rolls, crackers, pasta, rice and scones. Different fillings & different fruit and vegetables on different days all help to encourage them to eat their lunch. Draw fun faces on bananas or oranges. Add fun napkins or stickers of their favourite characters to lunchboxes. Make rehydrating fun by using colourful straws and drink bottles. Make water more interesting by adding slices of lemon, lime or orange. Cut sandwiches into diamonds, soldiers or triangles. Cut cheese or sandwiches into fun shapes with cookie cutters. Why not make wholemeal bread swiss rolls? Simply place a slice of wholemeal bread on a piece of greaseproof paper. Fold the paper over the bread & gently flatten with a rolling pin. Place or smooth your filling onto the bread & carefully roll it up. Include small fruits and vegetables such as grapes, cherry tomatoes or raisins in the lunchbox. Choose small apples or pears. Peel satsumas & wrap them in cling film to make eating them as easy as possible for little fingers. Create colourful lunchboxes by using different colour fruit and vegetables in sandwiches & on their own e.g. sweetcorn, lettuce, blueberries, tomatoes, red, green or yellow peppers, strawberries & kiwi are all great choices. Why not include a colourful fruit salad from time to time? Bring children on a picnic or two with packed lunches in the weeks coming up to back to school (you need only go as far as the front lawn or local park!). This is a great way to see what foods they like and dislike. Set a good example with your own lunch. If you eat a ‘grown up’ wholemeal sandwich, they are more likely to want to eat one. Kids love dipping. Include hummus, cream cheese or yogurt along with vegetable sticks (such as carrot, celery, cucumber or red pepper), crackers or sliced pitta breads for dipping in the lunchbox from time to time. Planning ahead is essential for healthy lunchboxes. Involve your child in filling out a weekly lunchbox planner & include these foods in your weekly shopping list. Involve children as much as possible in planning, buying and preparing a healthy lunch. If they decide what to put in a lunchbox, it is far more likely they will eat it. Fill out a shopping list with them using our lunchbox checklist & lunchbox suggested combinations as a guide. Encourage giggles & smiles and make them look forward to opening their lunchboxes (& more importantly eating its contents!) by adding little notes (I love you) & jokes. Encourage healthy eating while at the same time teaching children about foods of the world. Theme a lunchbox on different countries using tortillas (Mexican), pasta (Italian) and baguettes (French).	290,524
I write from time to time on code quality and structure because it is a topic of interest to me. Clean code and well named logical structures, methods and objects really pay off during the infinitely long Support And Maintenance phase of software development. Some could accuse me of having too many opinions on the topic, and I'd guess they could be on to something. Heck, I'll probably disagree with something I've said today, tomorrow, just because I'm always refining and learning. While some of what I think/advocate/do is opinions, and could be subjective, I'd like to share some code I found on a project today and talk about the importance of method names. A method should describe it's intent or behavior at the level of where it is inside the program. For example, a method named load() might be sufficiently descriptive to represent the behavior and be flexible enough to withstand a refactor or two. In other places in the program, perhaps the right method name is loadShippedOrders() since there will always be the concept of a shipped order in our proverbial system. You get the point, right? There is a wide range of OK-ness for method names, with behavioral descriptiveness and refactorability as being two made up words that really judge the method name quality. I found code today that really flies in the face of any of these principles. The names of these methods do not in any way describe any behavior of any system I've ever written, nor will probably be lucky enough to write. method bodies removed to protect client interests Be the Judge Yourself: <cffunction name="phoneHome" output="yes"> Before you ask, this code was found in a production eCommerce system that is currently running that has nothing to do with Phasers, Energization nor beaming anything to any location.	145,128
Other possibilities include creating RDF (Resource Development Framework) or HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) files. You can also create any file that OpenOffice can import then export to Word. It has a number of subprojects including POIFS for OLE (Object Linking & Embedding) 2 Compound Documents, HSSF for Microsoft Excel 97(-XP) spreadsheet documents and HWPF (Horrible Word Processor Format) for Microsoft Word 97(-XP) word processing documents. You format Word documents by defining nested styles with HWPF then applying styles to hunks of text. POI is not what I would call developer friendly. You can get the source with CVS and build it yourself. There are some unlabelled binaries you can find by diligently poking around directories on one of the download mirrors. This page is posted Optional Replicator mirror \|no blog for this page\|\|Canadian Your face IP:[22.214.171.124] You are visitor number\|	72,930
Many people suffer from this condition. It can be irritating and in some cases could mean that there is a nerve disorder in the body. If you experience this on a very regular basis, then you should definitely see a professional. If it an occasional thing, then there are a couple of simple remedies that could help alleviate this annoying condition. This seems a little old-fashioned, but get a couple of slices of cucumber and place them on your eyelids. Sit back and relax and they will help to soothe the eyes and reduce irritation Most twitches seem to be caused by tension, stress or tiredness. In this case there are several relaxing herbs that would benefit the condition. A tea made from chamomile, lavender or vervain should help relax and refresh you. Some people prefer aromatherapy as a treatment. If the cause of the tick is stress, then essences such as lavender or marjoram added to a bath could be helpful or try a cool compress with chamomile or rose oil. Place the compress over the eye and relax for awhile.	283,367
This tutorial shows how to use VisualGDB to build, debug and explore the sample projects for the wireless STM32WL55 microcontrollers. We will show how to clone the LocalNetwork sample included in the STM32WL55 SDK, adjust it to enable debugging, and fix an issue that causes it to crash out-of-the-box. The LocalNetwork sample consists of 2 projects: the concentrator that sends periodic beacon events, and the sensor that responds to them. In order to follow this tutorial, you will need two NUCLEO-WL55JC1 boards, as the STM32WL55 SDK 1.0 only includes samples for this type of board. - Start Visual Studio and open the VisualGDB Embedded Project Wizard: - Pick a name and location for the first project. Note that since we are using two boards, we will need to create two separate projects: - On the next page, select “Create a new project -> Embedded Application -> Advanced CMake”: - Pick the ARM toolchain and select the STM32WL55JC device. Click “Install” to automatically download and install the STM32WL55 SDK: - Now that the SDK is installed, you can proceed with the default settings for the device: - The STM32WL55 BSP includes numerous examples translated from the original SDK. You can view them by selecting “STM32CubeMX Samples” on the top part of the next page. As we are first creating the concentrator project, pick LocalNetwork_Concentrator and press “Next” to continue: - Connect your board to the USB port and wait for VisualGDB to recognize it. Note that the default firmware that is programmed into the board often enters low-power mode, preventing the debugger from connecting to it. In order to avoid it, make sure you check the “connect under reset” checkbox: - Press “Finish” to create the project. Once it is created, you can build it by pressing Ctrl-Shift-B: - Try running the project by pressing F5. VisualGDB will show a “Signal 0” in main() and OpenOCD will report a JTAG status error. This actually means that the JTAG/SWD communication with the board was lost after the initial breakpoint in main(): - This happens because the board enters the sleep mode, disabling the debugger-related logic. You can track down the location of this code by switching the Code Explorer to global view, configuring the details to show Outgoing Calls only, pressing the “expand all” button several times, and searching for “sleep”: This will point to the DBG_Init() function checking the DEBUGGER_ON macro. - Press F12 to go to definition of DEBUGGER_ON and change it from 0 to 1. Note that this will make the compiled firmware bigger and will substantially increase power consumption: - The Concentrator project will not start sending beacon packets unless you explicitly request it via a COM port. In order to do that, configure the Raw Terminal (requires Custom edition) to connect to the ST-Link port at 9600 bits/second, or use any other terminal program: - Now you can run the project again, send the “AT+BEACON_ON” command via the COM port and confirm that the board responds with “OK”:Warning: in order to comply with your local RF spectrum regulations, you may need to set the device region via a separate AT command. See the readme.txt file from the project directory for more details. - Now we will create another project for the second board. Leave the first project running and launch another instance of Visual Studio. Pick the name and location of the second project: - Select the same project type and the toolchain, but this time pick LocalNetwork_Sensor on the Sample Selection page: - On the Debug Method page take a note of the serial number of the first board. Then, plug in the second one, and select the newly appeared ST-Link as the debug method:Don’t forget the “Connect under reset” checkbox, as otherwise debugging won’t work! - Follow the same steps as before to enable the DEBUGGER_ON macro, then build and run the project: - The Concentrator project will show a partial AT+RCV message and will stop responding. Press Debug->Break All to see that the code is actually stuck in HardFault_Handler(): - The call stack won’t be very meaningful, indicating a memory corruption error. To track it down, search the source code for “AT+RCV”, and set a breakpoint at a line outputting it. Then, restart the concentrator, issue the initial AT commands, and finally restart the sensor board: If you step through the CONC_Report_RCV() function that outputs the AT+RCV message, you will notice that it calls memcpy() to set the data variable without verifying the payload size. As of SDK version 1.0, it resulted in trying to copy 20 bytes into a 3-byte variable and overwriting the saved register addresses in the stack. - You can use the Call Stack view to find that the value of 20 is derived by subtracting 6 from the payload received via SUBGRF_GetPayload(): - On the sensor side, this corresponds to the data_lim field that is set to the default value, and is never overwritten. You can use the Find References command (Shift-F12) along with the toolbar buttons in the Find Symbol Results window to quickly show all code locations where a variable is assigned: - If you set breakpoints at both lines assigning data_lim, the first one will hit as soon as the sensor is ready to send, and the second one will never be triggered:Note that hitting a breakpoint in either of the boards disrupts the board timing and breaks communication between them. We will give an overview of non-intrusive debugging methods that will work in this case at the end of the tutorial. - The easiest way to fix the concentrator crash would be to add a size check just before the faulty memcpy() call: 12if (DataLen > sizeof(data))DataLen = sizeof(data); Now you can restart the concentrator again, run the AT commands, start the sensor and confirm that multiple sensor packets are being received successfully: - Note that default project parameters suggested by VisualGDB do not support the “%hhu” specifier in sprintf(). You can fix it by changing the C library type from Newlib-Nano to Default via VisualGDB Project Properties: - This will correct the output from AT+RCV at a cost of increasing the FLASH and RAM use: Note that many wireless applications are critical to timing, so stopping the code at a breakpoint is likely to break the communication. As an alternative to breakpoints, consider the following non-intrusive debugging techniques: - Live Watch for watching and graphing variable values (e.g. packet counters) - Real-time watch with custom events for tracking precise events - Live Code Coverage for viewing the running code paths in real time - Fast semihosting as a faster alternative to the COM port - Test Resource Manager for creating binary dump files on your development computer directly from the STM32 code You can find the source code shown in this tutorial in our GitHub repository.	225,019
Milk thistle is a flowering herb native to the Mediterranean region. It has been used for thousands of years as a remedy for a variety of ailments, and historically was thought to have protective effects on the liver and improve its function. Today, its primary folk uses include liver disorders such as cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, and gallbladder disorders. Other folk uses include lowering cholesterol levels, reducing insulin resistance in people who have both type 2 diabetes and cirrhosis, and reducing the growth of breast, cervical, and prostate cancer cells. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. \|current\|\|01:02, 21 April 2015\|\|1,296 × 1,944 (997 KB)\|\|Maletsky\| - You cannot overwrite this file. The following file is a duplicate of this file (more details): - File:Red thistles.jpg from Wikimedia Commons	299,631
Vision is continuing to become reality. The details of Sozo Children's Village Project is first being shown in this video made to highlight different lives that have been impacted by God through Sozo. It is amazing to watch their lives transform. The children that are highlighted in this film, Esau, Vanessa, and Ibrah, all have miraculous stories of being taken from suffering situations and now are seen thriving in a home where they are not only fed and provided for, but are learning to walk as disciples of Jesus Christ. The Village Project is the future of Sozo Children. There are currently 67 children in 3 homes, but a more permanent solution is being sought. Right now Sozo is in the process of purchasing land to build a church, 28 children's homes, a school, and a medical clinic. Teams from the United States will work alongside local Ugandans to better the community for the growth of tomorrow's leaders. The children will have a family home on the land, in which they can grow and learn, and will be taught life skills and trades. They will be educated and nourished in a Christ-centered community. It is obvious that Sozo Children and the Village Project is not a work of human hands, but a movement of God. With that purity and focus, all those that have joined the journey God set Sozo on a few years ago are watching God's hand at work as He fights for the fatherless.	156,193
NFCSS All Access provides each individual subscriber with online access to every NFPA code and standard, handbooks and annotated editions. NFPA Journal looks back at the plane crash at the Empire State Building On the morning of July 28, 1945, William Smith, Jr., a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army Air Corps, flew his B-25 bomber straight into the Empire State Building, killing himself, a crewman, a passenger, and 11 people in the building. The impact tore a hole in the building about 18 feet (5.5 meters) wide and 20 feet (6 meters) high, and ripped the fuel tanks off the plane's fuselage. One of the tanks shot through the 79th floor, trailing flames, and out the other side, while the second fell down an elevator shaft, starting a fire that ignited the fuel that had spread throughout the area of impact. For more of the story, read "Looking Back" in the July/August issue of NFPA Journal.	104,131
Palmgren, H., McCafferty, D.J., Aspán, A., Broman, T., Sellin, M., Wollin, R., Bergström, S., and Olsen, B. (2000) Salmonella in sub-Antarctica: low heterogeneity in Salmonella serotypes in South Georgian seals and birds. Epidemiology and Infection, 125 (2). pp. 257-262. ISSN 0950-2688 Full text not currently available from Enlighten. The number of human visitors to Antarctica is increasing rapidly, and with it a risk of introducing infectious organisms to native animals. To study the occurrence of salmonella serotypes in sub-Antarctic wildlife, faecal samples were collected from gentoo penguins, macaroni penguins, gray-headed albatrosses, black-browed albatrosses and Antarctic fur seals on Bird Island in the South Georgian archipelago during the austral summer of 1996 and 1998. In 1996, S. havana, S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis were isolated from 7% of gentoo penguins and 4% of fur seals. In 1998, however, 22% of fur seals were found to be infected with S. havana, S. enteritidis and S. newport. All isolates, except one, showed identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-patterns within each serotype, irrespective of sampling year and animal reservoir. No significant antibiotic resistance was found. The very low heterogeneity in the salmonella isolates found could either indicate a high genetic adaptation of the bacteria to the environment or a recent introduction of salmonella into the area. \|Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:\|\|McCafferty, Dr Dominic\| \|Authors:\|\|Palmgren, H., McCafferty, D.J., Aspán, A., Broman, T., Sellin, M., Wollin, R., Bergström, S., and Olsen, B.\| \|College/School:\|\|College of Social Sciences > School of Education\| College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Life Sciences > Life Sciences Animal Biology \|Journal Name:\|\|Epidemiology and Infection\|	10,749
Dalian, China, a coastal city not far from the North Korean border, has created an unlikely alliance with a small university college thousands of miles away in upstate New York. The connection between Dalian and the State University of New York was born out of the Chinese city's quest to be world-class and high-tech. In China, cities are competing with one another for talent, and that's pushing smaller cities to seek help from the U.S. For years, Dalian was known for older industries like shipbuilding and for its close ties to Japan, which is less than three hours away by air. Now, the city is trying to figure out where its future lies. New York Connection Earlier this year, a delegation from the city traveled to Manhattan to meet with Denis Simon of SUNY. Simon told the delegation that the city needed to burnish its reputation before major international businesses would consider locating there. The Chinese delegation listened carefully to Simon because they know he is on their side. Simon has made dozens of trips to Dalian and other Chinese cities since 1981, providing business and executive training. His decades-old link to Dalian has earned Simon the title of science and technology adviser to the city. Simon's connection to Dalian is a perfect example of the role of guanxi, an untranslatable Chinese word for those all-important personal connections. It can take a lifetime to develop those connections in China. "I don't get paid a penny for the work that I do with Dalian," Simon says. "This is very much an endeavor from my perspective of learning more deeply how the Chinese system works." Chinese bureaucrats can be suspicious of outsiders. But just by mentioning Simon's name, doors fly open. Leaders of Dalian will then bend over backward to show off the business incubators they've developed to foster new companies. Thanks to his training junkets, his name clearly carries cache in Dalian. Simon's efforts have emboldened this midsized seaport to think big and turn its face toward the English-speaking world. So why should an entrepreneur start a business in Dalian rather than Beijing or Shanghai? Liu Xiao Ying, director general of the Science and Technology Bureau, touts the city's beautiful scenery, the moderate weather, and the 22 universities and colleges in and around Dalian. In a country known for polluted megacities, Dalian is a breath of fresh air. It has a San Francisco feel — with hills in the backdrop, a dramatic seascape and great seafood. Madame Liu, as she is known, can't take credit for the weather, but she and her colleagues are trying to beef up the quality of the universities. To do that, they are depending on their old friend Simon, who has suggested they work with the SUNY campus in tiny Morrisville, N.Y. What is it about the SUNY campus that might help Dalian? Cars. When it comes to cars, Dalian has a lot to learn. Take the Automotive School at Dalian's University of Technology. For a huge university, this auto program is tiny: There's room for only a couple of cars in its small garage. And the curriculum isn't well-developed either. Ping Hu, who teaches at the school, concedes it doesn't have the equipment or expertise Chinese drivers will need for their new, computerized vehicles. He says the growing number of Chinese buying new cars have a hard time finding qualified technicians. "So I hope Morrisville can send me some of this equipment," he says. Aside from donated equipment, it's clear that a place like Dalian has a lot to gain from a long-term relationship with a university like SUNY. For example, SUNY can help guide the construction of a new auto lab at Dalian's automotive school and can train Chinese instructors in how to impart the hands-on skills that auto technicians need before they hit the job market.	291,444
QST de W1AW Propagation Forecast Bulletin 19 ARLP019 From Tad Cook, K7RA Seattle, WA May 9, 2003 To all radio amateurs SB PROP ARL ARLP019 ARLP019 Propagation de K7RA Active geomagnetic conditions continue and seem to stretch into months, and this week was no exception. Average planetary A index this week was 20.7, and 23.7 the week before. One day, May 4, was quiet when the planetary A index was only 7. The worst days this week were May 1, when the A index was 40, and May 7, when it was 36. While these might have been the worst days for HF operators, it was another story for those who enjoy 6 meters. John Reynolds, N7QF, reports from Utah that on May 1 he had a good sporadic-E opening into Oklahoma and Texas. The distance was about 850 miles, and he said most of the people he worked were using 100 W and 3-element Yagis. A day earlier, Jon Jones, N0JK, worked Argentina on 6 meters from Kansas with E and F2 layer propagation. He says he also worked TI5KD with double-hop E-skip. Solar flux and sunspot numbers were down this week. Average sunspot numbers were down nearly 40 points from the previous week, and average solar flux was down more than 10 points. Solar flux probably will drop below 100 over the weekend. Solar flux was below 100 only one day in the past month--on April 17--but it dipped just one point below to 99. Predicted solar flux for Friday, May 9, to Monday, May 12, is 95, 95, 100 and 100. The latest forecast shows planetary A index not going below 20 until May 16. The earth is currently inside a solar wind stream, as it often has been in recent months. An interplanetary shock wave, probably from a coronal mass, hit Earth May 9 at 0500 UTC and should keep conditions active. Nearly 10 years ago Scott Craig, WA4TTK, released a freeware program for plotting the solar numbers from this bulletin. He calls it the Solar Data Plotting Utility, and it has been improved over the years. The current version runs in Windows and can automatically retrieve data, either from this bulletin or via FTP, from the ARRL. Craig has just posted an updated data file that has daily solar flux and sunspot numbers from January 1, 1989, through April 30, 2003. You can download his software from his Web site. Another great resource is the NOAA Space Environment Center's Preliminary Report and Forecast, which comes out weekly. It used to be published on paper and mailed, but you can look at it as a PDF file at the SEC NOAA Web site. The current issue, published May 6, has some tables showing predicted solar flux and sunspot numbers until the end of 2007, and smoothed numbers back to January 1998. Our current solar activity appears to be at around the same level that it was about five years ago. Of course a big difference is that back then the solar activity was increasing, and now it is on the decline. The chart seems to suggest that in 14 months the sunspot count will be about half what it is now. It will drop to about one quarter of the current count in about 25 months. For more information on propagation and an explanation of the numbers used in this bulletin see the Propagation page on the ARRL Web site. Sunspot numbers for May 1 through 7 were 171, 175, 134, 172, 144, 117 and 109, with a mean of 146. The 10.7-cm flux was 148.7, 156.5, 147.7, 142, 128.8, 122 and 110.2 with a mean of 136.6. Estimated planetary A indices were 40, 17, 10, 7, 12, 23 and 36, with a mean of 20.7.	258,230
- About this Journal · - Abstracting and Indexing · - Aims and Scope · - Annual Issues · - Article Processing Charges · - Articles in Press · - Author Guidelines · - Bibliographic Information · - Citations to this Journal · - Contact Information · - Editorial Board · - Editorial Workflow · - Free eTOC Alerts · - Publication Ethics · - Reviewers Acknowledgment · - Submit a Manuscript · - Subscription Information · - Table of Contents Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 604590, 4 pages Observation of Microvascular Perfusion in the Hegu (LI4) Acupoint Area after Deqi Acupuncture at Quchi (LI11) Acupoint Using Speckle Laser Blood Flow Scanning Technology 1Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16 Nanxiaojie of Dongzhimen, Beijing 100700, China 2Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China 3Stronach Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine, TCM Research Center Graz and Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria Received 3 September 2012; Revised 4 October 2012; Accepted 11 October 2012 Academic Editor: Jaung-Geng Lin Copyright © 2012 Tao Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - T. Huang, J. Kong, X. Huang, and Y. H. Xu, “Some misunderstandings of deqi phenomenon: from historic review to experimental study,” Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 105–109, 2008. - T. Huang, R. H. Wang, W. B. Zhang et al., “Influence of transcutaneous CO2 emission between placebo and deqi acupuncture on acupoints,” China Journal of Basic Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 1162–1164, 2010. - W. B. Zhang, L. L. Wang, T. Huang et al., “Laser Doppler perfusion imaging for assessment of skin blood perfusion after acupuncture,” Medical Acupuncture, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 109–118, 2008. - T. Huang, R. H. Wang, X. Huang et al., “Comparison of the effects of traditional box-moxibustion and eletrothermal bian-stone moxibustion on volume of blood flow in the skin,” Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 44–45, 2011. - D. Zhang, S. Y. Li, S. Y. Wang, and H. M. Ma, “Application of infrared thermograph in studies of acupuncture mechanisms and meridians,” Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 499–502, 2004. - T. Huang, R. H. Wang, W. B. Zhang et al., “The influence of different methods of acupuncture on skin surface perfusion,” Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 40–44, 2012. - R. J. Xiu, J. Cheng, and J. Zhang, “Acupuncture on microvascular self-movement,” Chinese Medical Journal, no. 9, article 4891, 1988. - X. Mu, H. Q. Duan, W. Chen, Y. Gao, and Z. J. Yang, “Physiological study on the relationship between the essence of acupuncture point and the microvasculum,” China Journal of Basic Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 47–53, 2001. - C. X. Yuan, B. Chen, J. J. H. Xing, and J. Shi, “Observation of skin microcirculation for phenomenon of propagated sensation along meridians (PSM),” Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion, no. 2, pp. 40–42, 1994. - Z. Y. Sa, X. H. Pan, J. S. Xu, and X. Shu, “Effect of acupuncture on microcirculation blood perfusion volume in deep tissues of stomach meridian and its bilateral control points,” Journal of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 6–7, 2010. - L. L. Wang, W. B. Zhang, H. H. Xie, Y. Y. Tian, and Y. H. Xu, “Experimental verification of “treating lumbar-back problems by puncturing Weizhong (BL 40)” with blood perfusion imaging technique,” Acupuncture Research, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 247–251, 2007. - Y. Y. Tian, H. Huang, G. Litscher et al., “Comparison of acupuncturing Hegu (LI4) by metal or laser needle on facial blood perfusion using laser speckle technique,” Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 187–192, 2011. - K. Itaya, Y. Manaka, C. Ohkubo, and M. Asano, “Effects of acupuncture needle application upon cutaneous microcirculation of rabbit ear lobe,” Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeutics Research, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 45–51, 1987.	120,575
Building a competitive high school running program from scratch, begins at the ground level. The initial hurdle in this process is that to an eighth and ninth grade kid, running is not the most appealing. Many cross-country athletes and coaches aren’t sure why this is, but I am here to tell you the simple reason behind this… High school cross-country programs have to compete with the perceived “cool” sports, like football, lacrosse, baseball, basketball. This is no small feat; unfortunately, some of the most talented individuals are caught up in these sports. We will discuss ways later in this post on how to leverage these programs as a means of acquiring hidden talent. Unless the individual’s parents were adamant about getting them involved in running at a younger age (which poses an entire set of other potential problems), these individuals are not only difficult to find, they are a challenge to recruit into your program. Certainly, recruiting is a challenge for all programs, however, this is especially true for new or fledgling programs. That said, even successful programs can incorporate my tactics to attract and retain talent. So, how do you uncover talent? There are several ways you can attract and recruit talent to your distance program (we’ll discuss each separately below): - Acquire influencers - Uncover latent talent - Build a network - Cultivate the right team culture - Have success As a side note, talent isn’t the only goal here. It takes all levels of ability, shapes and sizes, and personality types to build a successful, well functioning team. Often, the least talented kids are the ones who work the hardest, and through so doing, begin to create a culture of reward through hard work. These individuals will quite often beat even the most talented of runners who are unmotivated and don’t put in the necessary time and energy to fully realize their potential. 1. Acquire Influencers The Ever Observant Coach As a coach, the key skill you must develop in order to start building a sustainably successful running program, is observation. It is more of a challenge to be a coach who is not involved in the school system day-to-day, because you miss out on many of the opportunities to observe student behavior. However, this is not a deal breaker by any means. You still have plenty of opportunity to observe and engage with the student body, gaining a sense of who the influencers are in certain social circles. What is an influencer? An influencer is any individual who has sway within a particular interest group. Another way to look at who influencers are is to think of the kids that you would pick as innate leaders. Not necessarily the most boisterous, or attention seeking, but the ones who others seem to respect immensely, and naturally gravitate towards. Acquiring an influencer is no easy feat. But, if you do end up getting one to join your program, others will follow suit and you’ll see the interest level climb organically. Now, this is in no way suggesting that “influencers” are going to be your best athletes. He or she may be a future team captain. With each influencer will come a handful of other individuals, and amongst those you may find a quiet champion. Initiating the Conversation Approaching a student you might view as an influencer is easier than you think. Really, all that’s required is that you, through observation, first identify an individual, then make the effort to build a rapport with him or her over time. Hosting an after school sports event, like an ultimate frisbee tournament, is a great excuse to invite influencers to participate, giving yourself facetime and a chance to connect with them. 2. Uncover Latent Talent Talent is certainly an important piece to any successful program. However, talent comes with it’s own set of challenges. Often times, naturally gifted individuals are the ones who require the most nurturing from their coaches, and can be somewhat high maintenance. Because of their natural gifts, many of the most talented athletes think they can coast by and still be successful. As a coach of high school athletes, you have the distinct opportunity to be the primary force of influence in these youths’ competitive careers. This is the age where talent either explodes or implodes. During the four years of high school, these individuals often give up on the sport, or not achieve enough success to make it to the next level of running at a competitive college. As a result, we lose out on the opportunity to advance and further develop their talent. I’m not suggesting that it is 100% on you to cultivate this talent and if it does not blossom, it is your fault. There will absolutely be that athlete who has more talent than they know what to do with, but is undisciplined, no matter how hard you push; they will simply not do the necessary work to get to the next level. These athletes may still be in your top 5, or could even be your number 1 or 2, but their lack of focus and dedication can be extremely detrimental to the rest of the team’s development. So, it’s important to recognize the futility in developing these specific athletes, and instead spend the majority of your energy on the individuals who put in the work and are fully committed to their and the team’s success. So how do we go about uncovering talent? Again, observation is key here. Recruiting talent to your program is certainly a challenge; fortunately, as a cross country and track coach, you have three seasons in which to convert these individuals. If you recognize potential in a basketball player, you can attempt to get them to try out for cross country, or outdoor track. If they’re a football player, you have indoor and outdoor. The key is to not be so narrow focused on only your team that you miss these individuals. Always keep your eyes open for talent hidden in another uniform. Another method that I’ve seen work well for cross country in particular is to build a reputation for cross country or track as being the ultimate “get-in-shape” activity. If you can bring competitive individuals into the sport under this (low-pressure) guise, their latent talent may shine through. Then, you have a distinct opportunity to convert them into dedicated runners. Oftentimes, all it takes for a youth to switch their athletic trajectory is observing their own potential for success in a sport. This method will obviously bring in not only talent, but also (more commonly) other average athletes or even undedicated athletes, who don’t take the sport seriously. Inviting these athletes into the program may create a counterproductive culture of not being serious or dedicated to the necessary training. This usually ends in one of two ways: first, the individual gets bored with it and drops off, or second, they make friends on the team and change their attitude. It’s important as coach to facilitate the latter, because even these seemingly unmotivated individuals might have potential and play an important role in future months. A word of caution about tryouts: Another way to weed out the not-so-serious athlete, who’s only joined the team to stay fit for their primary sport is to hold a tryout. Tryouts are risky, because competitive individuals do not want to participate in an event where the odds are stacked against them. If you have your tenured runners, with hundreds if not thousands of miles on their legs competing against other individuals who have never logged serious miles, it’s obvious who would excel in a tryout run or race. This scenario may be just enough to dissuade those competitive individuals with uncovered talent, who see the unequal footing and do not want to be embarrassed. The truth is, unless the student body is immensely interested in your program, more so than the program can support, the true test occurs in the first week or two, when you start seeing those individuals who are handling the mileage well and those who are losing interest quickly. The unspoken trial period approach is far better; let nature run it’s course. The other way to uncover talent is from within. The transition from freshmen to senior is a pivotal time in this age group’s lives, especially for boys who mature from children to men over the course of the 4 years. Always be aware of underdeveloped individuals who are hard working, even if they haven’t shown a great deal of potential quite yet. With time, these individuals could come into their own and, out of nowhere, show tremendous ability. It is important to create an environment where even the weaker athletes, generally freshmen and sophomores, are given attention and are nurtured properly. Your next standout could be hiding in uniform already. Always be on the look out. Observation is the key. 3. Build a Network Your network will grow naturally if you follow steps 1 and 2 above. There are however, ways that you can accelerate your program’s reach. One way that I’ve seen work is to host an after school ultimate frisbee day or tournament. Promote within the school in the weeks leading up, have it announced over the intercom, and drum up interest wherever you can. This is an easy and safe way to get individuals to come out, meet the team, see that running can be fun, and a great opportunity for you to observe and quietly recruit. The key with this type of networking event is timing. If you host it in the fall, many students are already caught up in their fall sports and, most likely, participation will be down. A better time would probably be right before school lets out for summer break. However, this is tricky too because after you make this connection, you have to wait months before reconnecting with these individuals; or if you are able to recruit some to sign up for cross country, they immediately enter into what can often be the loneliest period of training: summer base work. I usually recommend hosting two such events, one in the early fall and one in the late spring. For the fall event, host it right when everyone returns from summer break, and don’t necessarily push cross country, but instead the track program in general. This will allow you to connect with potentially interested students and then build a rapport from there in hopes of getting them to come out for indoor or outdoor track. The other form of networking that I highly suggest is to simply encourage your captains or veteran athletes to always be on the look out for potential interest in the sport within their own extended social circles. I’ve seen several successful generations of runners built around a social group that pre-existed any activity in the sport. 4. Cultivate the RIGHT Team Culture Some groups of student athletes just naturally form a strong bond, as well as a sense of dedication to the sport and to the team’s success. This, however, is rare, and more often, requires strong input from the coach. As we all know, running is an extremely competitive sport, both against outside schools and individuals, but also internally. It can be challenging to manage inter team competition, because it’s such a double edged sword. On the one hand, you want to encourage healthy competition as a motivating factor to push your athletes, but on the other hand, it can quickly spiral out of control and end in conflict. The key is finding the right balance. Cultivating the right culture starts first and foremost with attracting and retaining the right athlete. The athlete who is not only motivated, but can also easily fit in with the already established team environment. You want to avoid individuals who tend to cause unnecessary drama (though it’s tough to avoid this entirely). If one exists within your program, you just need to do your best to help the other members of the team to resist getting caught up in this behavior. To create the right competitive environment inter team, you need to be proactive, squashing any drama before it catches flame and spreads throughout the program. What I’ve observed on several occasions, and believe to be the most common form of inter team competition, is when you have two or three individuals who are roughly comparable in terms of ability and consistently finish close in place to each other in a race or workout situation. They are constantly vying to be the one who gets that top position, whatever it may be. This can be both a helpful motivating factor in training and races, and a detriment to their development as runners. It’s helpful in that it may be enough in a race situation to keep all involved focused and present in the race. It can be limiting when they are so focused on just outdoing one another, that there is no external focus on who they could individually outperform on another team. It gets out-of-hand when this rivalry goes from friendly feud to quarrelling inter team conflict. There is a fine line; I suggest breaking these pairs or groups apart in training, as well as developing an individual racing strategy. Encourage them to instead of cueing off one another in a race situation, to cue off members of the opposing team, focusing their attention towards external competition, thus reducing the internal tension. This negative type of inter team competition can be contagious and I’ve seen it literally dismantle a team’s ability to function as a cohesive unit. 5. Have Success The last core element to a sustainably successful distance running program is to have success. This one is fairly obvious as to why this helps. Any success that an individual or the team achieves is prime opportunity to promote within the school and community. Be diligent about getting your athletes featured in local newspapers, announced over the intercom, or whatever means your school uses to share important school related information. Doing this will not only attract positive attention from the community, but it will also inspire other athletes, who may be on the fence about joining the team, to take that step. Everyone wants to be part of a successful operation. The more success you have, the more leverage you have in attracting influencers, talent, and expanding your network. I am very excited to hear all of your comments so please leave them below. I am interested to hear your experiences with what I discussed in this post, and any other strategies that you’ve implemented successfully. As always, thanks for reading! – Steve, CoachXC	284,564
In this book, Hadley Arkes seeks to restore, for a new generation, the jurisprudence of the late Justice of the Supreme Court George Sutherland--a jurisprudence anchored in the understanding of natural rights. The doctrine of natural rights has become controversial in our own time, while Sutherland has been widely maligned and screened from our historical memory. He is remembered today as one of the "four horsemen" who resisted Roosevelt and the New Deal; but we have forgotten his leadership in the cause of voting rights for women. Both liberal and conservative jurists now deride Sutherland, yet both groups continue to draw upon his writings. Liberals look to Sutherland for a jurisprudence that protects "privacy" against the rule of majorities, as in matters concerning abortion or gay rights. Conservatives will appeal to his defense of freedom in the economy. However, both liberals and conservatives deny the premises of natural rights that provided the ground, and coherence, of Sutherland's teaching. Arkes contends that Sutherland can supply what is missing in both conservative and liberal jurisprudence. He argues that if a new generation can look again, with unclouded eyes, at the writings of Sutherland, both liberals and conservatives can be led back to the moral ground of their jurisprudence. This compelling intellectual biography introduces readers to an urbane man, and a steely judge, who has been made a stranger to them. "Advocating that the Supreme Court again espouse natural- rightsjurisprudence is an ambitious undertaking, as is attempting to rehabilitate the Supreme Court justice who, for many, personifies the ideas behind substantive due process. Hadley Arkes accomplishes both tasks with rhetorical skill and intellectual tenacity.... An important book ... that challenges us to view constitutional rights afresh through the powerful lens of natural law."--Steven J. Eagle, The Wall Street Journal "Clearly and cogently and even dramatically done.... Hadley Arkes leads us into the deepest jungles of constitutional thought.... His is a stimulating safari."--Louis Auchincloss, The New Criterion "Arkes's work is a welcome addition to this emerging body of constitutional thought. If given the attention it deserves, it may well fulfill both objectives embodied in its title."--Judge Alex Kozinski, National Review Table of Contents Other Princeton books authored or coauthored by Hadley Arkes: Hardcover published in 1994	135,870
Room for Bay Area to grow, smartly On a Bay Area Vision Published 7:00 am, Tuesday, June 16, 2009 One of this region's most daunting challenges is to figure out how to accommodate the addition of an estimated 2 million residents by 2035. The discussion of such growth often turns to doom and gloom: more traffic, more pollution, a lower quality of life. But a new analysis by Greenbelt Alliance, a group with a long history in the region's wars over sprawl, contains a refreshingly upbeat view of the future. The alliance, building on research of potentially developable sites by UC Berkeley, has come up with what could become a blueprint for planners to guide new housing. It suggests that the region of 7 million people could handle its expected population growth, if it is steered to the right places. The study-recommended sites include shuttered strip malls, vast swaths of parking and vacant lots. "A lot of people call the Bay Area 'built out' - we wanted to debunk that," said Elizabeth Stampe, a spokeswoman for Greenbelt Alliance. "Has anyone called Paris built out? Cities exist for a long time and are built and rebuilt and change to meet the needs of new generations." The group identified seen "smart spots" along mass-transit corridors that could accommodate about four-fifths of the growth. The largest concentration of in-fill opportunities was in northeast Santa Clara County, which would handle 26 percent of the new growth, partly by redeveloping old office parks along San Jose's North First Street and downtown. Another major "smart growth" zone would be the inner East Bay, with its 13 BART stations and abundance of AC Transit bus routes. While "smart growth" has been a mantra of regional leaders for many years, the reality has been that that new subdivisions continued to pop up on converted farmland on the eastern edges of the Bay Area, where land was cheap, political resistance was light - and the impact on roadways, water and air quality was most severe. Still, local governments and developers rationalized, car-oriented subdivisions with big lots and spacious homes were what consumers desired. However, the unsustainability of the exurban dream has been thoroughly exposed in this downturn. As Stampe noted, an overlay of the map of areas with the highest foreclosure rates would show a direct correlation with these subdivisions built far from city centers. The good news is that the analysis presents persuasive evidence that the Bay Area has room to grow while enhancing the region's quality of life - if it's managed wisely.	303,568
\|Thursday, Dec. 14, 2000 \|\|Contact: NIDA - Beverly Jackson, Michelle Muth, 301-443-6245 2000 MONITORING THE FUTURE SURVEY RELEASED Moderating Trend Among Teen Drug Use Continues Overall use of illicit drugs among teenagers remained unchanged from last year, according to the 26th annual Monitoring the Future Survey (MTF) released by the Department of Health and Human Services today. The 2000 survey of drug use among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders found that illicit drug use, including the use of marijuana, generally remained unchanged in the last year. The survey marks the fourth year in a row that the use of any illicit drugs among teenagers has stayed level or declined in all categories: lifetime, past year and past month use. The survey also found that cigarette use among teens dropped significantly, with past month use of cigarettes down from 17.5 percent to 14.6 percent among 8th graders and from 34.6 percent to 31.4 percent among 12th graders in the last year. Reductions in other categories of smoking also occurred among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders. Alcohol use remained largely unchanged. Among 8th graders, disapproval of trying marijuana once or twice increased for the second year in a row to 72.5 percent. Disapproval rates among 12th graders also increased, with 52.5 percent of seniors disapproving of trying marijuana once or twice. Among 8th and 10th graders, perceived risks of smoking increased and the perceived availability of cigarettes decreased. Among the few statistically significant changes reported were increases in the use of MDMA (ecstasy) in each grade; decreases in the use of cocaine among seniors; and increases in the use of steroids among 10th graders. "This year's survey confirms that teens' use of marijuana and most other drugs has leveled off and even decreased among younger students. And we've also begun to have a positive impact on teen smoking," HHS Secretary Donna E. Shalala said. "But we must remain vigilant to new threats, particularly that of so-called club drugs such as ecstasy. Parents and teachers need to realize that they are the first and best influences on children's attitudes about alcohol, tobacco and drugs." "We are greatly encouraged by the results of the MTF Survey," said Barry McCaffrey, director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy. "The National Drug Control Strategy is working. In combination with the National Household and Pride Surveys released earlier this year, we have seen a continued downward trend in overall drug use among youth. Heroin use is down among 8th graders, a good sign for the future and reversing the heroin upsurge of recent years. Cocaine use is down among 12th graders following the recent reduction of cocaine abuse in younger ages. However, the increase in ecstasy is a cause for concern that needs to be addressed, and the National Youth Media Campaign's radio and TV ads target this new threat." According to the Monitoring the Future Survey, past year use of any illicit drug by 8th graders has declined significantly since 1997 from 22.1 percent to 19.5 percent in 2000. Drug use among 10th graders is down from 38.5 percent in 1997 to 36.4 percent in 2000. For seniors, past year use of any illicit drug has remained relatively stable, from 42.4 percent in 1997 to 40.9 percent in 2000. Past year use of steroids rose from 1.7 percent to 2.2 percent among 10th graders. From 1999 to 2000, use of steroids remained stable among 8th and 12th graders. Among teenage males, where most steroid use is concentrated, past year use was reported by 2.2 percent of 8th graders, 3.6 percent of 10th graders, and 2.5 percent of 12th graders. For the second year in a row, there was an increase in the use of MDMA (ecstasy) among 10th and 12th graders, but for the first time, there was an increase in use among 8th graders. Past year use increased significantly among 8th graders from 1.7 percent to 3.1 percent and among 12th graders from 5.6 percent to 8.2 percent. Past year use increased among 10th graders, although not statistically significant, from 4.4 percent in 1999 to 5.4 percent in 2000. "The recent increases in MDMA use are of great concern. Last year when it was first reported that the use of Ôclub drugs' was on the rise, we launched a special Web site to disseminate reliable, science-based information that almost half a million people have visited," said Dr. Alan I. Leshner, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse. "Our research shows that ecstasy is a dangerous drug. It is not a 'fun' drug. Serious consequences include dehydration, hypertension, hyperthermia, and heart or kidney failure. We will continue to release the latest research findings to ensure that the public is aware of the risks associated with this drug." Illicit Drug Use - Marijuana use in the lifetime, past year, and past month categories remained statistically unchanged from 1999 to 2000. Past year use of marijuana was 15.6 percent for 8th graders, 32.2 percent for 10th graders, and 36.5 percent for 12th graders. - Use of several specific illicit drugs, including PCP, narcotics other than heroin, methamphetamine, crystal methamphetamine ("ice"), barbiturates, tranquilizers, and Rohypnol, also remained stable for all teenagers in all categories from 1999 to 2000: lifetime, past year, past month, and daily (where applicable) use. - Over the past three or four years, several illicit drugs including inhalants, LSD, and Rohypnol have shown declining trends in all three grades. - Cocaine use by seniors decreased from 1999 to 2000 in several categories. Overall, past year use of cocaine decreased from 6.2 percent to 5.0 percent, while past year crack use declined from 2.7 percent to 2.2 percent, and past year use of other cocaine decreased from 5.8 percent to 4.5 percent. - Past year crack use by 8th graders decreased from a 10-year high of 2.1 percent in 1998 to 1.8 percent in 1999 and 2000. - Among seniors, heroin use in the past year increased from 1.1 percent in 1999 to 1.5 percent in 2000. Although these rates are still below 2.0 percent, this is the first significant increase in some time, resulting in the highest rate of seniors' heroin use since the survey began. - Among 8th graders, past year heroin use decreased from 1.4 percent in 1999 to 1.1 percent in 2000. This decline in heroin use among 8th graders is the first since 1997. - Among 8th graders, lifetime use of inhalants decreased from 19.7 percent in 1999 to 17.9 percent in 2000. Inhalant use continues to be generally more prevalent among 8th graders than students in the other two grades. - Among 12th graders, past year use of hallucinogens declined from 9.4 percent in1999 to 8.1 percent in 2000. - Past year use of LSD among seniors decreased from 8.1 percent in 1999 to 6.6 percent in 2000. Use of Cigarettes and Smokeless Tobacco - Past month use of cigarettes decreased among 8th graders from 17.5 percent in1999 to 14.6 percent in 2000 and among 12th graders from 34.6 percent to 31.4 percent. - Use of cigarettes at least once in the student's lifetime decreased from 44.1 percent in 1999 to 40.5 percent in 2000 among 8th graders and from 57.6 percent to 55.1 percent among 10th graders. - Perceived availability of cigarettes decreased among 8th and 10th graders. Among 8th graders, it declined from 71.5 percent in 1999 to 68.7 percent in 2000, and among 10th graders it went from 88.3 percent to 86.8 percent over the past year. - Perceived risk of harm from smoking one or more packs of cigarettes per day increased among 8th graders from 54.8 percent in 1999 to 58.8 percent in 2000 and among 10th graders from 62.7 percent in 1999 to 65.9 percent in 2000. - While overall rates of smokeless tobacco use remained stable in the past year, past month use among seniors has decreased from its peak level of 12.2 percent in 1995 to 7.6 percent in 2000. Also, its perceived harmfulness among 10th graders increased from 44.2 percent in 1999 to 46.7 percent in 2000. - Past year use of alcohol was 43.1 percent among 8th graders, 65.3 percent among 10th graders, and 73.2 percent among 12th graders. - Daily use of alcohol among 8th graders decreased significantly from 1.0 percent to 0.8 percent from 1999 to 2000. - In 2000, 30.0 percent of 12th graders, 26.2 percent of 10th graders, and 14.1 percent of 8th graders reported binge drinking, defined as five or more drinks in a row, at least once in the two weeks prior to the survey. - 32.3 percent of 12th graders, 23.5 percent of 10th graders, and 8.3 percent of 8th graders reported having "been drunk" in the past month. Although not a significant change from last year, the 23.5 percent figure for 10th graders for having "been drunk" in the past month is the highest since the survey started including students in the 10th grade in 1991. Perceived Harm, Disapproval, and Perceived Availability - Among seniors, perceived harmfulness of steroid use decreased from 62.1 percent in 1999 to 57.9 percent in 2000, the second year of substantial decline. - Among 12th graders, perceived availability of MDMA (ecstasy) increased from 40.1 percent in1999 to 51.4 percent in 2000. - Among 10th graders, the perceived harmfulness of using cocaine and crack decreased. Perceptions of "great risk" in "taking crack occasionally" decreased from 79.1 percent in 1999 to 76.9 percent in 2000, and perceived risk of "trying cocaine powder once or twice" decreased from 51.6 percent to 48.8 percent. - Among 10th graders, the perceived availability of crack and cocaine powder decreased from 36.5 percent in 1999 to 34.0 percent in 2000, and 36.7 percent in 1999 to 34.5 percent in 2000, respectively. - Disapproval of regular LSD use decreased among 8th graders from 72.5 percent in 1999 to 69.3 percent in 2000. Long-term Trends (seniors only) - For past year prevalence, self-reported marijuana use by seniors peaked at 50.8 percent in 1979 and then declined to a low of 21.9 percent in 1992. Past year marijuana use then increased steadily to 38.5 percent in 1997. Since that time it has declined, although not significantly, to 36.5 percent in 2000. - Daily smoking decreased from its peak level of 28.8 percent in 1977 to 21.3 percent in 1980 and then remained basically level for many years. During the early 1990s, increases were observed to a level of 24.6 percent in 1997, followed by a decrease in 1998 to 22.4 percent. The rate remained statistically unchanged in 1999 at 23.1 percent and declined significantly to 20.6 percent in 2000. - "Binge drinking," defined as having five or more drinks in a row, at least once in the past two weeks reached its peak level in 1981 at 41.1 percent, declined substantially to a low of 27.5 percent in 1993, increased gradually to 31.5 percent in 1998, and has remained stable since then, ending at 30.0 percent in 2000. Continuing our efforts to educate our country's youth about the dangers of substance abuse, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) released today a new publication, Tips for Teens: The Truth About Club Drugs, with timely information on drugs used at dance parties and clubs across the nation. In the past year, NIDA has also responded to the increasing use of club drugs and steroids by launching two important initiatives to educate teenagers, parents and caring adults about the serious health consequences of ecstasy and anabolic steroids. NIDA has introduced Web sites, www.clubdrugs.gov and www.steroidabuse.org, and partnered with several national organizations and celebrities including the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and MTV's Loveline co-host Dr. Drew Pinsky, to ensure that the public has the latest reliable information on the dangers these drugs. The Monitoring the Future Survey, conducted by the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research and funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), at the National Institutes of Health, has tracked 12th graders' illicit drug use and attitudes towards drugs since 1975. In 1991, 8th and 10th graders were added to the survey. The 2000 survey surveyed over 45,000 students in 435 schools across the nation about lifetime use, past year use, past month use, daily use of drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes and smokeless tobacco. "Lifetime" refers to use at least once during a respondent's lifetime. "Past year" refers to an individual's drug use at least once during the year preceding their response to the survey. "Past month" refers to an individual's drug use at least once during the month preceding their response to the survey Note: For other HHS Press Releases and Fact Sheets pertaining to the subject of this announcement, please visit our Press Release and Fact Sheet search engine at: http://www.hhs.gov/. For NIDA Press Releases go to http://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/news-releases	262,307
House of Representatives and 40 percent of members of the U. Racism and racist incidents in greek life Researchers such as Matthew W. By there were 42 fraternity and sorority chapters at the University of Toronto and of 23 at McGill University. Sigma Alpha Epsiloninabolished pledging altogether. The first Greek-letter organization and fraternity in Asia, the Upsilon Sigma Phiwas founded in Inan anti-hazing hotline was set up to report incidents of hazing on college campuses. Entrepreneur opening fast casual restaurants in Nevada and Southern California. The neophyte is effectively blindfolded during the proceedings, and at last, still sightless, I was led down flights of steps into a silent crypt, and helped into a coffin, where I was to stay until the Resurrection Structure and organization[ edit ] Gender exclusivity[ edit ] Fraternities and sororities traditionally have been single-sex organizations, with fraternities consisting exclusively of men and sororities consisting exclusively of women. In Kappa Alpha Societythe oldest extant fraternity to retain its social characteristic, was established at Union College. To do so, email alumnirecords sigmapicornell. Hazing during the pledge period can sometimes culminate in an event commonly known as "Hell Week" in which a week-long series of physical and mental torments are inflicted on pledges. Syrett has stated that "fraternal masculinity has, for at least 80 years, valorized athletics, alcohol abuse and sex with women. It is usually given to a pledge following a ceremony when they are first offered membership in the organization and can be worn until their initiation. Usually, after a potential new member has attended several such events, officers or current members meet privately to vote on whether or not to extend an invitation known as a "bid" to the prospective applicant. Honoring Our Chefs No kitchen would be complete without the hard work of the people who cook the meals. By mere existence these organizations were defying the odds; the founding women were able to advance their organizations despite many factors working against them. Legacy Giving Gift planning: BoxIthaca, NY Honoring Our Stewards Mu Chapter has been privileged with a great lineage of stewards throughout our history, and we owe all of these brothers our gratitude. In one extreme case, the response of firefighters to a blaze signaled by an automated alarm at the Sigma Phi chapter house at the University of Wisconsin in was hampered in part because fraternity members refused to disclose the location of the hidden chapter room, where the conflagration had erupted, to emergency responders. These projects and equipment can also be funded in memory of a deceased Sigma Pi brother. Their early growth was widely opposed by university administrators, though the increasing influence of fraternity alumni, as well as several high-profile court cases, succeeded in largely muting opposition by the s. How is that served by retreating into an exclusionary clique of people just like you? Supporters of fraternities also note that hazing is not unique to Greek-letter organizations and is often reported in other student organizations, such as athletic teams. The movie Sorority Wars revolves around sorority experience in college. Any brother could always get a date if it included a meal at Sigma Pi cooked by Freddy. The target date for work to begin is June 4,one week after Cornell commencement ceremonies, and we anticipate final completion of the project later in the summer. Its sequel Neighbors 2: With new contributors and the continued hard work of many alumni and friends of Sigma Pi, we look forward to being able to fully fund this project before the work begins. Please include your First name, Last name, and graduation year. A report by Bloomberg found that fraternity connections are influential in obtaining lucrative employment positions at top Wall Street brokerages. The film School Daze depicts fraternity and sorority life at a historically black college. A survey conducted at Princeton University showed that white and higher income Princeton students are much more likely than other Princeton students to be in fraternities and sororities. InChi Phi began allowing transgender members, or those identifying as male, to join the social fraternity. Patrick, the current house chef, is a great cook and a jack of all trades. Rarer incidents involving brandingenemasurination on pledges, and the forced consumption of spoiled food have been reported. The Doll passed away peacefully in Ithaca on April 13,at the age of The founding of Phi Beta Kappa followed the earlier establishment of two other secret student societies that had existed at that campus as early as These federal structures are largely governed by alumni members of the fraternity, though with some input from the active student members. Please email send an email to alumnirecords sigmapicornell.Delta Sigma Pi is the nation's largest and first co-ed professional business fraternity that encourages personal and professional development of men and women pursuing careers in business through professional, service, scholastic and social events. The Mu Chapter of Sigma Pi Fraternity at Cornell University. Username: Password: (K&D) committee to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the existing kitchen and dining facilities of the fraternity. The committee proposed a plan to the Board designed to create a physical establishment with dining services that will make the house attractive. The Mu Chapter of Sigma Pi Fraternity at Cornell University. to take the next step in this “modernization” process by creating a contemporary and flexible high-quality dining and learning facility. a Kitchen and Dining (K&D) committee, comprising alumni and undergraduate representatives, to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the. In the preamble to the Bylaws of Delta Sigma Pi, our Fraternity is described simply as an association of students. As members of the Fraternity, we all have come to learn that there is much more to this description analysis will begin when consideration is given to what the chapter members really WANT. For instance, a. You can use either an Optimum or Newsday login by clicking the ‘Connect Account Get our insider's look and analysis of the key moments in the Mangano-Venditto trial. Sigma Pi Fraternity. Delta Sigma Pi is a professional fraternity organized to foster the study of business at universities, to encourage scholarship, social activity, and association of students for their mutual advancement by research and practice.Download	131,743
Context: Information currently available on the trafficking of minors in the U.S. for commercial sexual exploitation includes approximations of the numbers involved, risk factors that increase the likelihood of victimization and methods of recruitment and control. However, specific characteristics about this vulnerable population remain largely unknown. Objective: This article has two distinct purposes. The first is to provide the reader with an overview of available information on minor sex trafficking in the U.S. The second is to present findings and discuss policy, research, and educational implications from secondary data analysis of 115 cases of minor sex trafficking in the U.S. Design: Minor sex trafficking cases were identified through two main venues - a review of U.S. Department of Justice press releases of human trafficking cases and an online search of media reports. Searches covered the time period from October 28, 2000, which coincided with the passage of the VTVPA through October 31, 2009. Cases were included in analysis if the incident involved at least one victim under the age of 18, occurred in the U.S., and at least one perpetrator had been arrested, indicted, or convicted. Results: A total of 115 separate incidents involving at least 153 victims were located. These occurrences involved 215 perpetrators, with the majority of them having been convicted (n = 117, 53.4%), The number of victims involved in a single incident ranged from 1 to 9. Over 90% of victims were female who ranged in age from 5 to 17 years. There were more U.S. minor victims than those from other countries. Victims had been in captivity from less than 6 months to 5 years. Minors most commonly fell into exploitation through some type of false promise indicated (16.3%, n = 25), followed by kidnapping (9.8%, n = 15). Over a fifth of the sample (22.2%, n = 34) were abused through two commercial sex practices, with almost all (94.1%, n = 144) used in prostitution. One of every five victims (24.8%, n = 38) had been advertised on an Internet website. Conclusions: Results of a review of known information about minor sex trafficking and findings from analysis of 115 incidents of the sex trafficking of youth in the U.S. indicate a need for stronger legislation to educate various professional groups, more comprehensive services for victims, stricter laws for pimps and traffickers, and preventive educational interventions beginning at a young age. Key Take Away Points - Trafficking of minors for purposes of commercial sexual exploitation in this country is a substantial problem. - Minors are victimized extensively through prostitution. - Better coordination among all agencies serving minor victims of sex trafficking are needed to improve data collection and service provision. - Prevention education with youth is critically needed. - States must consider adopting safe harbor laws for minor sex trafficking victims under the age of 18. - Regulation of online posting of youth for use in the commercial sex industry is recommended. - Education or training for law enforcement, child protective service workers, health care professionals, school personnel, and runaway shelter staff is needed. - Public awareness campaigns, particularly in rural areas, would likely increase identification of victims. Kim Kotrla, Ph.D., LCSW has been an Assistant Professor in the Baylor University School of Social Work since 2006. Prior to joining the faculty at Baylor, Dr. Kotrla was a post-doctoral research fellow with Center for Social Work Research, as well as a research assistant with the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Substance Abuse Research Development Program, both at the University of Texas at Austin. She also practiced for 10 years as a social worker in the realm of health care. Dr. Kotrla currently teaches baccalaureate and graduate research courses, as well as baccalaureate field seminars. Dr. Kotrla has developed a university-wide human trafficking elective course and focuses much of her work on the commercial sexual exploitation of minors in the U.S. She has presented on the issue at multiple conferences and had publications in the arena published in peer-reviewed journals. Dr. Kotrla also serves on subcommittees of Texas’ human trafficking prevention task force. Beth Ann Wommack graduated in 2010 with her BSW from Baylor University Social Work and is currently pursuing her MSW degree. She has focused much her academic work on the issue of human trafficking and prostitution. Ms. Wommack is currently completing her field internship with an organization that provides direct services to women desiring to leave the sex industry. Kotrla, Kimberly and Wommack, Beth Ann "Sex Trafficking of Minors in the U.S.: Implications for Policy, Prevention and Research," Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk: Vol. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/childrenatrisk/vol2/iss1/5 Responses to this Article: Rick Halperin, Sex Trafficking of Minors as a Human Rights Issue (March 2011)	178,148
This recipe is for a traditional dish from Gujarat, India called frichik. It is a spiced chickpea and potato curry that is typically served with rice or roti. This dish is hearty and flavorful, and can be made as mild or spicy as you like. The key ingredients in this recipe are the chickpeas, potatoes, and spices. Frichik is a traditional Jewish dish made with chicken, potatoes, and carrots. It is usually served with rice or noodles. This recipe is a simple, yet delicious, version of frichik. Worthington frichik recipes Worthington’s frichik is a classic American food product that has been around for generations. The dish is made with a base of ground beef and spices, and is typically served with a side of potatoes or rice. Worthington’s frichik recipes are hearty and flavorful, and can be easily adapted to suit any taste. Here are a few of our favorite Worthington frichik recipes: 1. Worthington’s Frichik with Potatoes and Onions: This dish is a classic Worthington frichik recipe, and is perfect for a winter meal. The ground beef and spices are simmered with potatoes and onions, and then served over a bed of rice or potatoes. 2. Worthington’s Frichik with Beans and Corn: This recipe is a great way to add some variety to your Worthington frichik. The ground beef and spices are simmered with beans and corn, and then served over a bed of rice or potatoes. 3. Worthington’s Frichik with Tomato Sauce: This dish is a hearty and flavorful Worthington frichik recipe that is perfect for a winter meal. The ground beef and spices are simmered with a tomato sauce, and then served over a bed of rice or potatoes. Loma linda frichik recipes Loma Linda Frichik is a type of vegan cheese that is made from almonds. It has a creamy texture and a mild flavor that makes it a versatile cheese alternative. Frichik can be used in place of dairy cheese in many recipes. There are many ways to enjoy Loma Linda Frichik. One simple way is to enjoy it as a spread on crackers or bread. It can also be used in recipes in place of dairy cheese. Here are some recipes that feature Loma Linda Frichik: -Vegan Mac and Cheese: This recipe is a vegan version of the classic mac and cheese dish. It uses Loma Linda Frichik in place of dairy cheese and is just as creamy and delicious. -Frichik Quesadillas: These quesadillas are a great way to enjoy Loma Linda Frichik. They are packed with flavor and can be made with any type of tortilla. -Frichik Stuffed Mushrooms: These mushrooms are stuffed with Loma Linda Frichik and are perfect for a appetizer or main dish. -Frichik Enchiladas: These enchiladas are made with Loma Linda Frichik and are a delicious and easy to make vegan meal. There are a ton of different recipe websites out there, so it can be tough to know which one to use. Here are a few things to keep in mind when choosing a recipe website: -The quality of the recipes. Make sure the recipes are well-written and easy to follow. -The variety of recipes. Look for a website that has a wide variety of recipes, so you can always find something new to try. -The user interface. Choose a website that is easy to navigate and search through. -The reviews. See what other users have to say about the website before you commit to using it. With so many different recipe websites out there, it can be tough to choose the right one. But if you keep these things in mind, you should be able to find a website that suits your needs. What is a frichik recipe A frichik recipe is a dish made with fried chicken. It is usually made with a breading or batter, and it can be served with a variety of dipping sauces. How do you make a frichik recipe How to Make a Frichik Recipe 1 cup milk 1 cup flour 1 egg 1 tablespoon butter 1 teaspoon salt 1/4 teaspoon baking soda 1 tablespoon sugar Instructions: 1. Combine milk, flour, egg, butter, salt, baking soda and sugar in a blender or food processor; process until smooth. 2. Pour mixture into a greased and floured 9-inch pie plate. 3. Bake at 425 degrees F for 25 minutes. 4. Serve warm with honey or syrup. What are the ingredients in a frichik recipe A frichik is a type of Jewish comfort food that is typically made with chicken, potatoes, and onions. The ingredients in a frichik recipe can vary depending on the specific recipe, but typically, the dish is made with chicken thighs or breasts, potatoes, onion, and spices. Some recipes also call for adding carrots, celery, or other vegetables to the dish. The chicken and vegetables are cooked in a stew or soup, and the dish is served over rice or noodles. What is the history of the frichik recipe The frichik recipe is a dish that originated in the Middle East. It is made with chicken, lamb or beef that is cooked in a spices and yogurt sauce. The dish is then served with rice or flatbread. The origins of the frichik recipe are unknown, but it is thought to have originated in the Middle East. The dish is popular in many Middle Eastern countries, such as Lebanon, Syria and Turkey. The frichik recipe is a simple dish to make and can be made with either chicken, lamb or beef. The meat is cooked in a yogurt and spice sauce, and then served with rice or flatbread. The dish is popular among both Muslim and Christian communities in the Middle East, and is often served during religious festivals. The frichik recipe is a hearty and flavorful dish that is sure to please everyone at your next gathering. Give it a try today! How did the frichik recipe come to be Frichik is a traditional Jewish dish made with chicken, potatoes and carrots. It is usually served with a side of rice or pasta. The dish is said to have originated in the town of Frichik, in the Ukraine. According to legend, the dish was created by a woman who was trying to make a chicken soup, but accidentally added too much water to the pot. As the soup boiled, the water evaporated, leaving behind a thick, flavorful stew. This blog post is all about frichik, a delicious and easy to make recipe that is perfect for any occasion. The author provides step by step instructions on how to make this dish, as well as tips and tricks for making it even better. This is a great resource for anyone looking to make a delicious and impressive meal.	100,689
"Everybody should go to Auschwitz once in their life," my mother told me. I didn’t understand what she meant but here I am, on a cold bleak Monday in January, looking up at those famous three words: Arbeit Macht Frei ("Work makes you free"). As we walk under the main gate into Auschwitz I, which now makes up part of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum & Memorial, we’re faced with endless rows of identical red-brick buildings, a stark contrast to the snow and ice covering the ground. Originally designed as Polish army barracks before becoming "home" to thousands of prisoners, the buildings now house exhibits and photos detailing the atrocities that went on within those very walls. We walk around slowly and quietly, talking only in hushed whispers, simply because it feels like the right thing to do. From the enlarged black-and-white photos hanging on the walls, the eyes of a young child stare back at me. As he climbs out of the train carriage his face shows a mixture of confusion and anxiety. The realisation dawns on me that he most probably died within hours of that photo being taken. The thought shocks me more than I could have ever imagined. Did he have any idea of what was to come? I hope not. Within each building are more pictures, faces, personal belongings and with each one comes stories of terror, torture and murder. The temperature seems to drop as we approach the death wall and gas chambers. Both are void of tourists and the signs request we remain silent as a mark of respect for the thousands who were killed here. They’re not necessary; there is nothing to say. A brief stop in the museum entrance gives a welcome opportunity to return to reality; it’s surprising how quickly food, drink and warmth enable one to forget the horrors that lay beyond the door. Normality is resumed momentarily but the blissful denial doesn’t last long as a taxi takes us the short journey to Auschwitz II (Birkenau). Built as an expansion to the original camp, the size of Birkenau is truly staggering, and with it comes the realisation of how many people were imprisoned here. It takes an age to walk the length of the snow-hidden railway platform to the ruins of the crematorium which lay beside the International Monument. The plaque reminds us that more than 1.5 million lost their lives in Auschwitz-Birkenau. As I stand beside the memorial, I’m wet, cold, hungry and exhausted, yet I’ve never appreciated how lucky I am more than right now. Within the Auschwitz Museum hang the words: “The one who does not remember history is bound to live through it again”. I decide my mother was right – everybody should go to Auschwitz. The world should never forget. Enter the next round Your travel writing could earn you £1,000. That's the prize for our Just Back article of the year. The weekly prize is £200 in the currency of your choice from the Post Office. Email your entry of no more than 500 words (with the text in the email itself rather than attached) to firstname.lastname@example.org by midnight on Wednesday, February 6. The Post Office is Britain's largest travel money provider. It offers more than 70 different currencies with 0% commission on all currency and traveller's cheques. Customers can buy selected currencies over the counter at 8,000 branches and all currencies can be ordered for next-day delivery at 11,500 branches nationwide. Orders can also be placed online at www.postoffice.co.uk	16,052
Liskeard District Industrial Heritage Podcasts The Caradon mining area is a magnet for industrial heritage enthusiasts. The remains of engine houses on the south eastern edge of Bodmin Moor tell of 19th century mines producing copper, tin and other minerals. They circle the dramatic Cheesewring quarry which eats into the dark grey granite of Stowes Hill. From here the trail of the Liskeard & Caradon Railway can be followed for much of its route to Moorswater from where first a canal and later a railway carried the copper ore and stone to Looe for transportation by sea. Strong mining communities developed in the villages of Herodsfoot and Menheniot where lead and silver were mined and explosives were made. Listen to the Mines, Minerals & Moors Podcasts Liskeard & Caradon Railway – Tokenbury Corner Menheniot’s Industrial Past Minions’ Industrial Heritage Moorswater – Industrial Past and Present Herodsfoot Audio Trail Geology of the Liskeard Area The oldest rocks in the area were formed around 400 million years ago when sea levels were much higher and muds were deposited on an ancient sea bed. During a tectonic collision around 300 million years ago these deposits were compressed to form slates (locally called killas) and uplifted to form a huge mountain chain. The base of the mountains melted under the immense pressures and temperatures to form magma which rose into the core of the mountains and solidified into granite. The granite slowly cooled and fractured. Hot water, rich in various elements, circulated through these cracks depositing minerals containing tin, tungsten, copper, silver and lead. Millions of years of erosion lowered the mountains and shaped the moorland we see today. Where the killas was worn away tors and outcrops of harder granite such as the Cheesewring have been left exposed. During the last ice age the area became an icy tundra, the rock and minerals were shattered and broken down filling the valleys. When the climate warmed, the returning rivers washed away less dense rock leaving behind deposits of heavy minerals such as the tin-bearing cassiterite. Discover Liskeard’s Mining Heritage In 2006 selected mining landscapes across Cornwall and west Devon were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, placing Cornish mining heritage on a par with international treasures like Machu Pichu, the Taj Mahal and the Great Wall of China. To explore the stories of Cornish mining and Liskeard’s pivotal role in the story, please use the Cornish Mining World Heritage Site widget below. There’s more mining info, news & events at: www.cornishmining.org.uk Thank you to the East Cornwall Local Action Group, whose grant support made the creation of these leaflets and podcasts possible.	187,604
I turn 40 in 359 days (but who’s counting), and I’m planning to spend the year leading up to the “big day” revamping pretty much, well, my entire life. I’ll let you in on the full details soon, but the general plan is to try all sorts of things that I’m dreading (i.e. exercising, meditating, cutting sugar) in hopes of becoming healthier/stronger/more balanced/smarter/more energetic before I officially hit, ahem, mid-life (it hurt a little to write that, I’m not gonna lie). This week’s column by D Moms Daily wellness expert Dr. Kate Naumes, ND provides a pretty compelling argument for embracing this kind of health reboot through naturopathic care. I’ll let her deep dive on the hard facts…Here goes. Increasing levels of chronic disease including: diabetes, heart disease, chronic pain, cancer, and obesity, have created a multi-trillion dollar financial burden on the medical system. Naturopathic medicine (referring to NDs from accredited medical schools) may reduce the need for expensive conventional care by promoting health and decreasing the need for medical interventions over the long term. Naturopathic doctors are primary care providers that treat acute and chronic conditions as well as address health promotion and disease prevention. Today I’m going to breakdown three major benefits of Naturopathic care. Naturopathic medicine costs less than conventional care. - A 2006 University of Washington study found that in Washington state, naturopathic care cost insurers $9.00 per enrollee vs. $686.00 for conventional care. (2) - One year of a lifestyle intervention program (similar to that recommended by naturopathic physicians) for patients with coronary artery disease not only improved all health outcomes and reduced the need for surgery but also cost significantly less then conventional treatment ($7,000 vs $31,000 –$46,000). (4) - Naturopathic care, when used for reduction of cardiovascular risk factors (high blood pressure and cholesterol, for example) improved health and increased job productivity and was determined to actually be a cost-saver for an employer. (5) - Naturopathic care used for chronic low back pain not only cost less than a standard physical therapy regimen but also decreased absenteeism by up to 7 days in a worker’s year. (6) Naturopathic medicine decreases the need for medical interventions by improving patient well-being, preventing disease, and treating disease by improving health. - The naturopathic emphasis on prevention and health promotion saves lives and dollars. Lifestyle modification counseling prevented more cases of diabetes than drug treatment. (7) - Although the initial cost of prevention and treatment using natural medicine is sometimes similar to conventional care the benefits gained by avoiding disease and their associated costs are invaluable and much preferred by patients. (9) - Patients who received intensive lifestyle modification and naturopathic therapy for type II diabetes improved all health scores (lipid levels, body fat percentage, etc.) and decreased medication requirements compared to those on standard therapy, in just one year. (10) The use of naturopathic medicine decreases total medical expenditure. - Naturopathic doctors are the bridge between alternative and conventional care and model true integrative care. Patients who receive care from an integrative primary care physician have reduced medical costs and need of medical intervention when compared to those receiving conventional primary care. (11) - Naturopathic care in Canada reduces the use of prescription medications by 53%. (13) (Excerpted from and originally released by The Scientific Affairs Committee of the American Association of Naturopathic Physicians . References available upon request.) Dr. Kate Naumes, ND runs a Holistic Wellness practice in uptown. She provides pre-conception and infertility counseling, newborn and pediatric wellness education, as well as ongoing well-woman and menopause support. Learn more at naumesnd.com. Disclaimer: Dr. Kate Naumes, ND holds a Doctorate in Naturopathy and a Certificate in Midwifery from Bastyr University. The state of Texas does not license Naturopathic Doctors. As such, she holds her license in California and acts in Texas as a wellness consultant, not as a physician.	113,132
COVID-19 NATIONAL EMERGENCY & PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY ENDING The COVID-19 National Emergency will end on May 11, 2023, but includes an additional 60-day period to extend deadlines for COBRA elections/payments, HIPAA Special Enrollment, Appeals, and member submitted Claims. These deadlines will return to normal timeframes starting July 11, 2023. The COVID-19 Public Health Emergency will end on May 11, 2023, removing the federally mandated coverage requirements for COVID-19 testing, related services, treatments and vaccinations. A summary of changes that will begin May 12, 2023, can be found here. Blue Medicare Advantage summary of changes that will begin May 12, 2023, can be found here. Anyone can contract the novel coronavirus. But older adults and people with severe underlying conditions like heart disease, lung disease or diabetes seem to be more at risk for developing serious complications from COVID-19 illness. Most people have mild illness and are able to recover at home. People with COVID-19 have reported a wide range of symptoms – from mild symptoms to severe illness. - Fever or chills - Shortness of breath - Muscle or body aches - New loss of taste or smell - Sore throat - Congestion or runny nose - Nausea or vomiting If you develop emergency warning signs, * call 911 and seek medical care right away. - Difficulty breathing - Persistent pain or pressure in the chest - New confusion - Inability to wake or stay awake - Blush lips or face *This list is not all inclusive. Consult your doctor for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning. Go to the Testing page to learn about your in-network testing options. Know your care options Use the guide below to know where to go if you are experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, from mild to severe, or for behavioral health support. Frequently Asked Questions We’ve curated the most commonly asked questions about coronavirus symptoms. Here they are – with answers of course – in one convenient place.	153,812
Available through MX Publishing, The London of Sherlock Holmes by Thomas Bruce Wheeler is a great resource, combining 21st century technology with the canon to provide a thorough piece of Sherlockian scholarship that you can sample via this online chapter. On a superficial level, The London of Sherlock Holmes is an extremely fascinating book, providing a point-by-point analysis of locations disclosed within each story of the canon. (The online sample chapter focuses on "The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans" [BRUC]"). For anyone considering a walking tour of Holmes' London, this would be more than adequate. However, reading the electronic version of the book via e-reader provides an additional level of engagement. Clicking on specific links automatically calls up Google Maps of each location. Combined with GPS maps, The London of Sherlock Holmes provides a much more immersive experience, bringing Holmes' London a little closer for readers. Herewith a few examples of the interactive maps that Wheeler has created. Famous Londoners' Blue Plaques: Central London Pubs: The London of Sherlock Holmes is a fascinating book that combines 19th century atmosphere with 21st Century technology to create a unique experience. This looks like a reference book well worth owning for any Sherlockian	60,428
If you ever think that all Hollywood does these days is adapt existing material from books and create remakes - well, that's all they've ever done. If you enjoyed Disney's Legend of Sleepy Hollow as much as I did as a kid, its of course, an American classic as a novel, but it was also done in 1922 as a feature film of the silent era. Let's not belabor asking you to watch a 70 minute movie, but we will share a link to the Headless Horseman scene. Ichabod encounters The Headless Horseman! \|Hi yo, Horse from Hades!\|	222,084
A RARE bird once reportedly on the verge of becoming extinct in Britain has been spotted in Dorset. The Lady Amherst’s pheasant has been seen in two different gardens by a couple of eagle-eyed bird watchers. The Lady Amherst’s pheasant is described as ‘very secretive’ by the RSPB. The male is very colourful with an extremely long black and white tail, greenish back, red and yellow rump and black-and-white neck ruff. The species survives in small numbers, mainly in Bedfordshire, and was originally introduced from China in the 19th century. The pheasant was named after Countess Sarah Amherst, whose husband, William Pitt Amherst, was governor general of Bengal. Sheila Phillips, from Granby Close, Weymouth, said she had never seen anything like it before. She said: “I think it was last Wednesday. It’s difficult to remember. It just appeared. It was there in the garden when we first woke up. “I got my camera, shot down to the garden and managed to take three photos.” “I think it’s somebody’s pheasant. I can’t imagine it came from the Abbotsbury Gardens. Meanwhile, Nicola Dunford spotted the pheasant at her home in their garden on Chickerell Road. She said: “We first saw it on Thursday night, at about 8pm. “I have never seen anything like this before, it was a really big bird. “It stayed in our garden for about 10 minutes and then jumped over the fence and we didn’t see it again.” The Lady Amherst’s pheasant has often been spotted at Abbotsbury Subtropical Gardens. Luke Phillips, information officer at the RSPB Nature Reserve at Radipole Lake, said they had received reports of sightings earlier this week. Luke said: “They are usually from collections. “It could have wandered all the way along the Fleet. It’s certainly unusual. It’s not something that could naturally turn up as such.” He added: “It’s a special looking thing.”	136,614
Talks begin on amending controversial 5-day workweek Since its implementation on January 1, the policy has stirred up criticism for being too rigid Taiwanese lawmakers on Friday began discussions at the Legislative Yuan on amending the controversial five-day-week policy, and it was hoped that a consensus could be achieved that maximized benefits for all – the government, employers and workers. The five-day-week policy, which was launched on January 1, ensures that a worker can enjoy one fixed day off per week and another flexible rest day. A worker can get overtime pay if he or she is required to work on the flexible rest day, Taiwan Times reported. Since its implementation, the policy has stirred up criticism for being too rigid. Critics have complained that it is not very applicable to certain industries, the calculation of rest days and overtime payment is too complicated, and other problems. According to a report by United Daily News, the employer side suggested that the average quota for monthly overtime work hours be set at 46, where unused hours could be carried forward within the same quarter of the year. However, employee representatives disagreed, saying work hours should not be retained for future use, which would violate the original intent of the policy. If the allocation of unused overtime hours were allowed, it could be abused by employers to victimize vulnerable workers. The workers’ side added that problems arose not because of the policy itself, but because some employers did not truly respect its spirit or implement it properly.	106,297
\|NEGLIGENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CLEANING MOLD & MILDEW FROM A COMPOSITE DECK Each individual composite manufacturer’s recommended cleaning instructions can be found on the composite manufacturers web sites under "Cleaning & Care." Some have special recommendations for cleaning "Mold" such as a "Mold Technical Bulletin." This is because mold is the hardest to clean off and keep from growing back, especially when the wrong chemicals are recommended for its remediation. Well intentioned but negligent recommendations of most composite manufacturers for mold remediation, is of great concern. Mold is defined as; COMPOSITE MANUFACTURER CLEANING INSTRUCTIONS and any other composite made of wood and plastic. All of these composite products are great alternatives to wood materials for decking and require far less maintenance. You never need to paint, stain or seal them which could save time, money and the environment. Most composites will last far longer than decks made of wood, especially if the wood is not maintained properly. Unfortunately, the composite materials are not as easy to keep clean as manufacturers claim in the marketing and advertising of their products. Many common household cleaning products that are recommended by these manufacturers may work great for some staining issues like grease and not at all for others like mold. Others will brighten tannin stained wood fibers or remove rust. Many of the cleaning chemicals recommended by composite manufacturers are not designed or intended by their manufacturers for use on composites. All cleaning chemicals are potentially toxic if accidentally mixed together. Most are dangerous and environmentally unfriendly. A myth exists concerning the use and "effectiveness" of Chlorine Bleach in the removal, cleaning, or killing of mold on composite decking which are made of plastic & wood. Sodium Hypochlorite is the active chemical ingredient in Chlorine Bleach. Chlorine Bleach, commonly referred to as Laundry Bleach or Bleach, is generally perceived to be an "accepted and answer-all" biocide or pesticide to abate mold in the remediation processes on composite materials such as composite decking. Nothing could be further from the truth. Chlorine is defined as; Bleach is defined as; Sodium Hypochlorite is defined as; Biocide is defined as; Pesticide is defined as; Chlorine Bleach has been proven to kill bacteria, viruses and fungus but has not been proven effective in killing or removing molds on porous surfaces such as composite decking and this fact is stated on the label directions of products like Clorox® Bleach. Most composites are porous materials because they are full of pores and permeable by water, air, etc. Some Composite manufacturers claim that the composite they manufacture is "fully encapsulated" and there for, their product is non-porous. If a composite absorbs moisture (humidity), however little it may be, the composite is porous. You can tell if your composite is porous if it becomes heavier when water is added. You can ask any composite manufacturer; "what their composites moisture absorption rate or Porosity?" Porous is defined as; 1.) The property of being porous; being able to absorb fluids Chlorine Bleach sold for laundering clothes is a 3-8% (see Clorox® Bleach products MSDS) Sodium Hypochlorite at the time of manufacture. Strength varies from one formulation to another and gradually decreases over time while being stored. Store bought Chlorine Bleach itself is 92-97% water. Water is one of the main contributors of the growth of molds. Tests have shown that using Chlorine Bleach for mold remediation re-grew mold at twice the rate than what originally grew before Chlorine Bleaching, within a short period of time. A study by Oregon State University on the "Ability Of Bleach And Other Biocide Treatments To Remove And Prevent Mold On Douglas-fir Lumber." "While bleach is often recommended for remediation of surface mold on wood and other porous surfaces, our [university research study] study results illustrate that the treatment does not eliminate the surface microflora," is the conclusion of the Oregon State University study of the effects of Chlorine Bleach on mold growth on Douglas fir wood [an important timber crop in the state of Oregon]. The research study was conducted by Professor Jeffrey Morrell, Dept. of Wood Science, Oregon State University, as assisted by Adam Taylor [graduate research assistant] and Camille Freitag [Senior Research Associate], as published in Forest Products Journal, 54:4, 2004. This info can be found at: www.traskresearch.com/mold_bleach.pdf . Microflora is defined as; FROM OSHA’s Mold Remediation/Clean Up Methods guidelines: "Molds can infiltrate porous substances and grow on or fill in empty spaces or crevices." "Mold can generally be removed from non-porous surfaces by wiping or scrubbing with water and detergent. It is important to dry these surfaces quickly and thoroughly to discourage further mold growth. Instructions for cleaning surfaces, as listed on product labels, should always be read and followed." "As a general rule, simply killing the mold, for example, with biocide is not enough. The mold must be removed, since the chemicals and proteins, which can cause a reaction in humans, are present even in dead mold." "The use of a biocide, such as chlorine bleach, is not recommended as a routine practice during mold remediation." "In most cases, it is not possible or desirable to sterilize an area, as a background level of mold spores comparable to the level in outside air will persist." "Biocides are toxic to animals and humans, as well as to mold." "Never mix chlorine bleach solution with other cleaning solutions or detergents that contain ammonia because this may produce highly toxic vapors and create a hazard to workers." "When you use biocides as a disinfectant or a pesticide, or as a fungicide, you should use appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including respirators. Always, read and follow product label precautions. It is a violation of Federal (EPA) law to use a biocide in any manner inconsistent with its label direction." The OSHA Mold Remediation/ Clean up Methods guidelines can be found @ www.osha.gov/dts/shib/shib101003.html . Crevice is defined as; Fungicide is defined as; The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) This information can be found @ www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/hiddenmold.html All of what OSHA and the EPA recommend for mold remediation is for inside buildings or in controlled environments, where moisture (humidity) can be controlled. These proven scientific principle recommendations can and should be followed whenever possible, especially for mold remediation on porous composite building materials in uncontrolled environments outside. Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners will only make the mold problem worse on composite materials. Mold living outside, in its natural environment, is far more problematic and unpredictable to building materials including composites. Mold spores can travel unchecked and are uncontrollable through the air. You can’t control moisture outside, so you can’t control the mold spores from growing where ever they land and have something to eat (like the wood fiber or flour mixed with plastic that composites are made of), unless you have a way to repel it and keep it from growing when moisture contacts the mold spores or the remaining hypha if Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners has been used for mold remediation previously. Spore is defined as; Hypha (hī'fə) is defined as; Mold remediation involves the need to disinfect wood and wood-based building materials such as porous composite decking. The properties of Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners prevent it from "soaking into" composite building materials to disinfect the deeply embedded hypha "roots" of mold and completely remove them. The object to removing mold and keeping it from growing back for prolonged periods of time is to remove its hypha, which store bought chlorine bleach does not do. Disinfect is defined as; The chemical structure of Sodium Hypochlorite prevents Chlorine from penetrating into porous building materials such as composites. The Chlorine just stays on the outside surface and appears to quickly remove the dead unsightly mold, whereas mold has hypha that grows in a mycroflora inside the porous "crevices" in the composite. The water content in Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners penetrates to the hypha and actually FEEDS the whole mycelium. The Chlorine never actually gets to the mycelium "mold roots" and kills or removes them. This is why a few days to weeks later you will notice darker, more concentrated mold growing (faster) on composite decking cleaned with Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based products like common deck cleaners. Simply put, cleaning composite materials with Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners for mold remediation is like pulling weeds and not getting the roots, then watering them with Miracle•Grow® and allowing them grow back as if they were in a hydroponics farm under all the right conditions. Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based mold cleaners recommendations are the poorest remedy for mold remediation any company or person could possibly recommend unless you make the Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners and are getting rich. Only the uneducated would recommend the use of Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners for cleaning mold or any fungi on porous surfaces like composite decking. Mycelium is defined as; Many reputable composite manufacturers recommend Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite Based cleaners to remove mold from the materials they manufacture because they do not understand the problem they are facing with fungus and have not done the research. They are more interested in manufacturing and selling their composite than they are in cleaning them. Many view cleaning as the "customers" problem. They have relied on chemical companies to solve their cleaning problems. Most chemical manufacturers are only too happy to supply them with products they already produce and are perceived to remediate mold. Most composite manufacturers are looking for a "Quick Fix" and recommending off the shelf cleaners that were not designed, intended, or legally approved for use on composites due to claims many of the manufacturers have made of "NO MAINTENANCE" or "LOW MAINTENANCE." Most composite manufacturers are experts in manufacturing their products but are not when it comes to cleaning them, especially of fungi. Beware of any company that recommends the use of Chlorine Bleach or any Sodium Hypochlorite based deck cleaner for mold remediation on composite building materials such as decking because the only thing getting "cleaned" will be your wallet and the only thing getting "KILLED" might be you. Chlorine Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite) is used effectively for killing bacteria and some species of mold on non-porous surfaces such as fiberglass, granite counter tops and surfaces that do not absorb moisture. It is the only product people have known for years. The more often you use Chlorine Bleach for mold remediation on composites, the more resistant the mold becomes to Chlorine Bleach, the faster it will grow back and the harder it will be to get clean, making the problem more difficult to keep the composite material clean in the future. What potential mold killing power Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite Based cleaners might have is diminished significantly as the bleach sits in distribution warehouses, on store shelves or inside your home/business. A major loss in Chlorine in just the first 90 days inside a never opened jug or container (this is why most manufacturers of Sodium Hypochlorite based composite deck cleaners have a short shelf life such as Expert Chemical® Composite Deck Cleaner and Enhancer/35days). Chlorine constantly escapes through the plastic walls of its containers being unhealthy to store in non-well ventilated areas. The Chlorine in Sodium Hypochlorite accelerates the deterioration of composite materials. It breaks down the lignin in wood fibers or wood flour used in composites. It rapidly breaks down the plastic, and fades colored composites especially when used in direct sunlight. It can lead to pre-mature checking, splintering and cracking that can affect the structural integrity of composites and its performance. Thankfully, this is covered by most composite manufacturer’s warranties. Lignin is defined as; Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite Based cleaners are highly corrosive to stainless steel, steel, and galvanized steel or any metal used in structural connectors or fasteners (screws or nails) that hold the structural lumber supporting the deck and deck boards in place. This fact is stated on Chlorine Bleach and Sodium Hypochlorite Based cleaner’s labels. Over time, this could lead to premature failure and make your deck incredibly unsafe, eventually collapsing and leading to injury or death. Corrosive is defined as; Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite Based cleaners greatly affects the performance of treated (ACQ; Alkaline Copper Quaternary, & CCA; Cromated Copper Arsenate) structural lumber supporting the composite, especially in high strengths. It shortens the life of these treatments. It weakens the lignin in the wood fiber affecting its structural integrity. Over time this could lead to premature failure and could cause a deck to collapse leading to injury or death and litigation against any manufacturer who recommends its use. Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite Based cleaners will be off-gassing for a period of time after you attempt to clean a composite deck with it. Chlorine off gassing is harmful to plants, humans and animals (cats, dogs, birds) and anything living including mold. It has been known to cause pulmonary embolisms in low resistant and susceptible people including children and the elderly. You should always wear a respirator approved for Chlorine, especially if you have any lung diseases such as emphysema, bronchitis, asthma, etc. and always keep young children and the elderly at a safe distance and up wind. If you have cleaned a deck with Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners you have probably noticed the Chlorine stench for quite some time after cleaning the deck and more than likely ended with a terrible head ache and breathing problems if you did not wear a respirator. Off-gassing is defined as; Clorox, one of the largest manufacturers of Chlorine Bleach and manufactures Sodium Hypochlorite for many deck cleaning products says on its label directions: "Clorox® Regular Bleach" "Active Ingredients: Sodium Hypochlorite……6.0%, Other Ingredients………94.0%, Total…………………..100.0% (Yields 5.7 available chlorine) "DANGER: COROSSIVE." "HOUSEHOLD USE" "DO NOT use this product full strength for cleaning surfaces. Always dilute strictly in accordance with label directions. For prolonged use, wear gloves." "Directions for Use: It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling." "LAUNDRY USE" "1) Sort laundry by color 2) Add ¾ cup Clorox 3) Add laundry" "For Best Laundering Results: -Dilute ¾ cup of Clorox Regular Bleach in 1 quart of water. – Add to wash 5 minutes after wash cycle has begun." "Kitchen and Bathroom: Clean, disinfect and deodorize sinks, bathtubs, showers, floors, vinyl and tile. "1) Wash, wipe, or rinse items with water. 2) Apply disinfecting solution of ¾ cup Clorox Regular-Bleach per gallon of water. 3) Let stand 5 minutes. 4) Rinse thoroughly and air dry." "Toilet Bowls: Disinfect and deodorize your toilet. 1) Flush Toilet 2) Pour 1 cup of regular Clorox Regular-Bleach into bowl. 3) Brush entire bowl, including rim, with a scrub brush or mop. 4) Let stand 10 minutes before flushing again." "Plastic cutting boards: 1) Wash, wipe or rinse items with detergent and water. 2) Apply sanitizing solution of 1 tablespoon Clorox Regular-Bleach per gallon of water. 3) Let stand 2 minutes. 4) Air Dry." "Plastic Cutting Boards: 1) Wash, wipe or rinse items with detergent and water. 2) Apply sanitizing solution of 1 tablespoon Clorox Regular Bleach per gallon of water. 3) Let stand 2 minutes. 4) Air Dry.", "Wooden cutting boards. 1) Wash, wipe or rinse items with detergent and water. 2) Apply sanitizing solution of 3 tablespoons Clorox Regular-Bleach per gallon of water. 3) Let stand 2 minutes. 4) Rinse all surfaces with a solution of 1 tablespoon of this product per gallon of water. 5) Do not rinse or soak equipment overnight." "EPA Reg. No.5813-50" The Clorox® Regular MSDS can be found @ www.thecloroxcompany.com/products/msds/bleach/cloroxregularbleach0505_.pdf Notice how Clorox® Regular Bleach is very specific in their label directions about what to use their product on and exactly how to use it by providing the dilution of their product to water and how long to let it work. None of the recommended uses of Clorox® Regular Bleach are for mold remediation or on any porous surface including composites. Clorox® Regular Bleach "EPA Reg. No. 5813-50" is for; "EPA Registered Tuberculocide Products." The link is to the EPA that confirms this is: www.epa.gov/oppad001/list_b_tuberculocide.pdf . Tuberculocidal is defined as; Tubercle is defined as; Bacilli (plural) is defined as; Mycobacterium is defined as; "ULTRA CLOROX®" "CLOROX COMMERCIAL SOLUTIONS®" "Germicidal Bleach" "ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: Sodium Hypochlorite…………….6.15%" "OTHER INGREDIENTS.....93.85%" (mostly water) "TOTAL…100%" "KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN" "DANGER: CORROSIVE." "FIRST AID: IF IN EYES: Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15-20 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. IF ON SKIN OR CLOTHING: Take off contaminated clothing. Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. IN EATHER CASE CALL A POISON CONTROL CENTER OR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY FOR TREATMENT ADVICE. SEE BACK LABEL FOR ADDITIONAL PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS.", "1.42 GAL (182 FL OZ) 5.38 L" "DIRECTIONS FOR USE: It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. Do not use this product full strength for cleaning surfaces. Always dilute strictly in accordance with label directions. For prolonged use, wear gloves." For "DISINFECTING" "Floors, Walls, Bathtubs & Showers" "Product" "2/3 Cup" with "Water" "1 Gallon" "Instructions" "Prewash surface, mop or wipe with bleach solution. Allow solution to contact surface for at least 5 minutes. Rinse well and let air dry. For Canine and Feline parvovirus, let stand for 10 minutes." "Toilet Bowels" "Product" "2/3 Cup" "Water" "Toilet Bowl" "Instructions" "Flush Toilet. Pour this product into bowl. Brush entire bowl including under rim. Let stand 2 minutes before flushing." "SANITIZING", "Work Surfaces, Refrigerators & Freezers" "Product" "1 TBSP (1/2oz)" "Water" "1 Gallon" "Instructions" "Wash, rinse, wipe surface area with bleach solution for at least 1 minute, let air dry.", "SANITIZING" "Dishes, Glassware, Utensils" "Product" "1 TBSP (1/2oz)" "Water" "1 Gallon", "Instructions", "Wash and rinse. After washing, soak for at least one minute in a bleach solution, drain and air dry.", "Mops, Brushes, Brooms, & Rags", "Product", "2/3 Cup" "Water", "1 Gallon", "Instructions", "Pre-wash items, then soak them in bleach solution for at least 2 minutes. Rinse well and air dry.", "Deodorizing", "Garbage Cans", "Product", "2/3 Cup", "Water", "1 Gallon", "Instructions", "After washing and rinsing, brush inside with bleach solution. Let Drain.", "Deodorizing", "Drains", "Product" "1 Cup (8oz)", "Water", "-", "Instructions", "Flush drains. Pour into drain. Flush with hot water." "MOLD, MILDEW & STAIN REMOVAL", "All Surfaces", "Product", "2/3 Cup", "Water", "1 Gallon", "Instructions", "Add bleach to powdered detergent solution. Apply, let stand for at least two minutes. Wipe and rinse." "DILUTION TABLE: PPM (Parts Per Million Available Chlorine). Check chlorine concentration with standard test strip." "½ oz this product (1 Tablespoon) + One Gallon Water = 200 ppm", "2/3 Cup this product + One Gallon Water = 2400 ppm", "12oz this product + One Gallon Water = 5000 ppm.", "TUBERCULOCIDAL EFFICANCY: To disinfect hard, nonporous surfaces, first clean surface by removing gross filth (loose dirt, debries, food materials, etc.). Prepare a 500 ppm available chlorine solution. Thoroughly wet surface with solution and allow to remain in contact with the surface for 5 minutes. Rinse with clean water and dry." "PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS: HAZARDOUS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS.", "DANGER: COROSSIVE. May cause severe irritation or damage to eyes and skin. Harmful if swallowed. Protect eyes when handling. For prolonged use, wear gloves. Wash after contact with product. Avoid breathing vapors and use only in well ventilated areas. FIRST AID: IF IN EYES: Hold eyes open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15-20 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. IF ON SKIN OR CLOTHING: Take off contaminated clothing. Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. IF SWALLOWED: Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice. Have person sip a glassful of water if able to swallow. Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by a poison control center or doctor. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Call a poison control center or doctor. Have the product container or label with you when calling poison control center or doctor or going for treatment advice. Clorox information line 1-888-797-7225. NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: Probable mucosal damage may contraindicate the use of gastric lavage. PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS: Product contains a strong oxidizer. Always flush drains before and after use. Do not use or mix with other chemicals, such as toilet bowl cleaners, rust removers, acids, or products containing ammonia. To do so will release hazardous, irritating gases. Prolonged contact with metal may cause pitting or discoloration. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS: Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge." STORAGE AND DISPOSAL: Store away from children. Reclose cap tightly after each use. Store this product upright in a cool, dry area, away from direct sunlight and heat to avoid deterioration. Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage, disposal, or use of this product. Offer empty container for recycling. If recycling is not available, discard container in trash." "Contains no phosphorus" This product, when used as directed on hard, nonporous surfaces, is effective against the following: •Salmonella choleraesuis •Pseudomonas aeruginosa •Legionella pneumophilia •Shigella dysenteriae •Escherichia coli serotype 0157:H7 (E. coli) •Staphylococcus aureus •Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus •Streptococcus pyogenes •Trichophyton mentagrophytes (Athlete’s Foot Fungus) •Aspergillus niger (mildew) •Candida albicans •Adenovirus Type 2 •Hepitatis A • Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)* •Respiratory syncytial virus •Herpes simplex virus 2 •Rubella virus •Rotavirus •Cytomegalovirus •Influenza A2 •Varicella zoster virus •Rhinovirus Type 17 •Canine parvovirus •Feline parvovirus" "Questions or comments? Call toll-free 1-888-797-7225. For MSDS information, you first have to go to www.cloroxprofessional.com/faqs/ and then hit the MSDS button, scroll down to "Ultra Clorox® Regular Bleach (issued 10/19/01" and hit that button." "EPA REG. NO. 67619-8 is the EPA Est. No. 5813•CA-2. CA-3, CA-4, FL-1, CA-1, IL-1, MD-2, OH-1,PR-1, TX-1 (actual EPA EST. NO. in code shown above or below). 12369.12JJ" "To get information on what the EPA has legally approved uses for Ultra Clorox® you need to go to (here is the link www.cloroxprofessional.com/bsb.pdf the most relevant pages for fungus are pages 23, 25, 39 for fungus applications). Page 25 states; The Ultra Clorox® label directions do recommend their product for "Mold, Mildew & Stain Removal" as long as it is used to remove "TUBERCULOCIDAL" mold roots. They tell you it will only work to "disinfect hard, nonporous surfaces." They then go on to tell you the exact dilution of their "product" to use with "water" and tell you the specific types of fungus, mold, and the specific species of mold, "mildew" their product is effective in remediation. They then tell you once again "This product, when used as directed on hard, nonporous surfaces, is effective against the following" "Trichophyton mentagrophytes (Athlete’s Foot Fungus)" & "Aspergillus niger (mildew)." They tell you how toxic it is by stating "HAZARDOUS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS." They tell you how bad it is to breath by stating to "Avoid breathing vapors." They then tell you how dangerous it is around other chemicals by stating "PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS" and saying; "Do not use or mix with other chemicals, such as rust removers, acids or products containing ammonia" that are recommended on most composite manufacturers cleaning instructions. They then clearly mention how "Corrosive" their product is and tell you what will happen if it comes into "Prolonged contact with metal may cause pitting or discoloration" leading to even more staining on composite surfaces around metal screws and fasteners or anything metal holding the deck together including structural connectors. This could make a deck extremely unsafe and eventually collapse over time. They then tell you about the "ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS" and where not to use their "product" (Ultra Clorox®) which include anywhere where the product could end up polluting in "lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a NPDES permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge" and once again they tell you "Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage, disposal, or use of this product." This also tells you that while storing their product, Chlorine is slowly being released from a sealed container releasing toxic gas and weakening the strength of the Ultra Clorox®. The EPA REG. NO. tells you where and how you can legally under Federal Law use their product and what it actually cleans. Ultra Clorox® should clearly not be recommended or used on wood/ plastic composites such as decking outside for mold remediation of any kind on porous surfaces. To do so is a clear violation of Federal Law. Germicidal is defined as; Pathogenic is defined as; Microorganisms is defined as; CLOROX® OUTDOOR BLEACH CLEANER which is recommended on some composite manufacturer’s web site says on its label directions; "DANGER: CORROSIVE. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED. Use in well ventilated areas. See back panel for other cautions", "Removes Dirt & Mildew Stains From: Decks/Patios Driveways, Sidewalks, Outdoor Furniture, Sidewalks / Fences / Stucco" "DO NOT USE THIS PRODUCT IN FULL STRENGTH", "Always dilute strictly in accordance with label directions", "Avoid eye & skin contact and prolonged breathing of vapors or mists. Ware eye protection, such as safety goggles. To protect skin wear rubber gloves, boots, long pants, a hat and long sleeved shirt. Wear old clothes; bleach will stain. Change clothes immediately if they become wet with product. If skin contact occurs, remove gloves or contaminated clothing and immediately wash area thoroughly with soap and water. Wash contaminated gloves or clothing before reusing. Use caution when cleaning overhead surfaces; the product may drip on you. AVOID ACCIDENTS – Wet surfaces may be slippery. Keep children and pets away while using product. Rinse and water plants thoroughly before and after use. Prevent run-off or drifting spray from entering fish ponds." DILUTION GUIDE: For best results, dilute product with water in plastic container or bucket. DO NOT store solutions in metal container. Product is thickened to reduce splashing and spilling. Add product to water and mix gently to reduce foaming. Follow instructions to test for colorfastness before use." STRENGTH (Red) High (Yellow) Medium (Green) Low" "Strength" "High (Red)" "Dilution" "1:2" "Dilute with water to make 1 Gallon" "48 oz (6 cups) of product to 80 oz (10 cups) of water" "Removes mildew stains, mold stains, decaying plant and grass stains, and grime from brick, mortar, aged wood, metal siding, fiberglass, concrete, stucco, masonry, chimneys, roofs, gutters and patio areas. Clean plastic and metal garbage cans. Use on heavy soiled and mildew-stained surfaces", "DECKING" "six (6) cups of Clorox Outdoor Bleach with ten (10) cups of water." "Strength" "Medium (Yellow)" "Dilution" "1:4" 24oz (3 cups) of product to 104oz (13 cups) of water." "Clean and brighten modestly soiled wood surfaces, painted and treated wood. Remove dirt and grime from deck and fencing, brick, masonry, stucco and plastic lawn furniture, tables and chairs. Clean soiled vinyl panels and items. Use on most moderately soiled surfaces when no mildew or mold stains are present." For "Strength" "Low (Green)" "Dilution" "1:21" 6oz (3/4 cups) of product to 122oz (15 ¼ cups) of water USE TO Whiten and clean lightly soiled painted and stained woods, wooden siding and outdoor fabrics, including tarps, umbrellas and furniture covers. Clean lightly soiled surfaces such as steel siding, stucco, galvanized and aluminum materials. Remove mildew stains from fabrics. Use on lightly soiled surfaces and for general purpose cleaning." "EXTERIOR USAGE" "TO APPLY: Brush or mop. Apply to vertical surfaces with sponge or mop. Apply to horizontal surfaces using a scrub brush or push broom. Heavily soiled surfaces may require scrubbing. When finished, rinse treated and surrounding areas thoroughly with water from garden hose. DO NOT allow product or rinse water to enter storm drains, lakes, streams or other bodies of water. Do not allow product to contact plants or lawns. COLORFASTNESS TEST: For outdoor fabrics or painted, stained or dyed surfaces, test colorfastness before use by applying solution to hidden area. After 15 minutes, blot dry. No color change means the material can safely be bleached. MANUAL PUMP SPRAYER: Only spray outdoors in well ventilated areas. DO NOT USE PRESSURE WASHERS or hose-end sprayers. Wear a respirator approved for chlorine bleach if you are bothered by vapors or mist. Follow the requirements of the respirator manufacturer. Plastic sprayers are recommended. Follow sprayer manufacturers recommendations. Always wash the sprayer prior to using this product to prevent mixing of chemicals. A fan nozzle producing a gentle, shower-like spray is recommended. Adjust the spray pattern to minimize back-splatter or excessive misting. Immediately stop if the wind pushes the spray back towards you or if the sprayer begins to sputter and produce mostly mist. Apply at a rate of 200 to 250 square feet per gallon of diluted product. Stand back from surface while holding wand at arm’s length. Spray holding nozzle 6 to 18 inches from surface. Coat surface evenly. Consult chart for the proper contact time for your application. In areas with heavy soil or discoloration, rinse and apply a second coat. Heavy soiled surfaces may require scrubbing. When finished, rinse treated and surrounding areas thoroughly with water from a garden hose. Depressurize sprayer and dispose of excess Clorox® Outdoor bleach cleaner by pouring down the sink. Thoroughly clean sprayer according to manufacturer’s directions." "STRENGTH (Red) High (Yellow) Medium (Green) Low" "APPLICATION (drip mark) = PRE WET SURFACE" "General Purpose Cleaning" "(drip mark) Use for most surfaces and cleaning needs" "APPLY WITH" "Sponge, Brush, Sprayer" "CONTACT TIME" "Up to 15 minutes" "PRECAUTIONS" "Read label for handling instructions." "DECK & FENCING" "Strength High (Red)" "Mildew stained surfaces" "APPLY WITH" "Brush, Sprayer" "15 min" "(Drip Mark) Strength Medium (Yellow) Light woods, painted and aged woods" "APPLY WITH" "Sponge, Sprayer" "CONTACT TIME" "5 Minutes" "Not recommended on new redwood or cedar less than one year old." "BRICK & MASONRY" "(Drip Mark) Dirt and grime STRENGTH (Yellow) Medium" "APPLY WITH" "Brush, Sprayer" "Contact Time" "15 min" Mildew stains, plant stains" "Brush, Sprayer" "15 min" "Rough surfaces may require extra scrubbing" Clorox® Outdoor Bleach Cleaner says on the front of its label directions "DANGER: CORROSIVE. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED. Use in well ventilated areas.", "Removes Dirt & Mildew Stains From: Decks" "DO NOT USE THIS PRODUCT IN FULL STRENGTH", "Always dilute strictly in accordance with label directions" Clorox® recommends "Medium" strength of diluted Clorox® Outdoor Bleach with water for "Treated Wood" [ ACQ or CCA is treated lumber] that most manufacturers recommend to structurally support a composite deck and "Low" strength for "Galvanized Materials" that are used for metal fasteners (nails) or structural connectors holding your deck together. Why do you think they do this? Liability; Clorox® knows that these materials won’t be compromised or fail as long as you follow these label directions. Clorox® only recommends "Medium Strength" for "treated wood" because of the risks involved in using their product in any higher "Strength." Clorox® Outdoor Bleach Cleaner has no EPA Reg. NO. on its label directions even though Sodium Hypochlorite, an EPA registered pesticide is the first chemical listed in its "Ingredients." Even stranger, when you go to the MSDS website for Clorox® Outdoor Bleach Cleaner, (you first have to go here www.cloroxprofessional.com/faqs/ and then hit the MSDS button, scroll down to "Clorox® Outdoor Bleach Cleaner (issued 1/30/01" and hit that button."), what comes up is the Ultra Clorox® Bleach MSDS which has an EPA REG. NO. 67619-8 Therefore, Clorox® Outdoor Bleach should follow all the same EPA approved uses as Ultra Clorox® Bleach (stated above). Chemical is defined as; 1.) A substance with a distinct molecular composition that is produced by or used in a chemical process. For more information on Chlorine Bleach please review the following link @ www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/onlcourse/chm110/issues/issue397.html Mixing of chemicals commonly known as; Home Remedies is incredibly dangerous. You should be a trained chemist and know exactly what you are doing before you mix anything other than water with Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based cleaners. Read the labels before you mix any chemicals especially these or you will be violating Federal & Law. Home Remedy is defined as; 1.) A simply prepared medication or tonic often of unproven effectiveness administered without prescription or professional supervision. Sodium Hypochlorite is the active ingredient in mildew cleaning products. Most are diluted solutions of Chlorine Bleach and list Sodium Hypochlorite in their; "Active Ingredients." These facts can be found on their label directions. They were originally sold for wood decks and all the manufacturer has done is ad the words "Composite Deck Cleaner" to the label. Some examples of these products are BEHR® # 62 Multi Surface Cleaner and Mildew Stain Remover, Armor All E-Z Deck Wash®, Olympic® Premium Deck Cleaner, Olympic® Deck Wash, Cabot® Wood Cleaner, and others. These products will have little if any effect in removing mold from porous composite decking and keeping it from growing back for long periods of time. The reason for this is that they are not intended to clean all species of mold. They are intended to clean mildew, or so they claim. As you can see from the following definitions, "mildew" is a specific species of "mold" which are in the "fungus" family. Mildew, is colored "whitish." Most common mold problems on composites are with dark or black colored species of molds. Therefore, products designed for "whitish" mildew species of molds are the wrong product for cleaning the most common species of molds found on composite materials including decking. Products (listed above) that contain Sodium Hypochlorite will have little if any long lasting effect even if the mold is "whitish" but they sure will clean your wallet out. Be very cautious of Expert Chemical® Composite Deck Cleaner & Enhancer. This product only has a 35 day shelf life. It has a higher Sodium Hypochlorite content in it than store bought Chlorine Bleach and therefore is more toxic, corrosive, dangerous to work with, more damaging to the entire deck and the environment. Mildew is defined as; *Fungus is defined as; Superdeck® Wood Cleaner & Composite Deck Cleaner, Sun Frog® Composite Deck Cleaner, Moldex® Deck Cleaner & PSC-Solutions® Composite Deck Restorer all recommend their products for mold cleaning. With all these products you will need to add store bought Chlorine Bleach as per their label directions, but they do not tell you what Sodium Hypochlorite strength to buy (3%, 6% or 6.15%+ Sodium Hypochlorite?). This adds additional cost to these cleaners (chemicals) that are already very expensive and added danger. Be very weary of these products, after all, it’s your time, money, health, and environment. Prepare to be disappointed when these products does not keep mold away for long periods of time. You will notice the mold growing back twice as fast, in greater colonies within a short amount of time. Why do most composite manufacturers recommend the use of Chlorine Bleach or Sodium Hypochlorite based deck cleaners for mold remediation on the products they manufacture through their cleaning instructions? Why do they recommend "mildew" cleaners for all types of mold? Why do they dismiss what OSHA and the EPA have to say about the use of Chlorine Bleach for mold? Why do they recommend a chemical that OSHA and the EPA clearly DO NOT? Why do they recommend you violate Federal laws? Great Questions, you should call or send them an email and ask. Most composite manufacturers do not understand the problem they face with removing mold from the products they manufacture, and more importantly, their customers face with cleaning directions that only exacerbate the cleaning of composite decking and put their customers "at risk". Answer: Most of the composite manufacturers have not done the research on mold remediation on the materials they manufacture. Others know what the problem with recommending Chlorine Bleach based products are, but are just ignoring the problem by continuing to recommend products that they know will not remediate mold and keep the mold away for long periods of time. One manufacturer representative told us "they are only interested in selling more product." Our fear is that with this kind attitude, eventually these great alternatives to wood will get a bad reputation in the market place, consumers will stop purchasing composites and this will kill the composite industry. Why did we write this? We researched and wrote it after being misled by chemical and composite manufacturers to expose the truth. We would encourage you to contribute whatever you can to this topic. \|Wow, that is some botany/ biology/ chemistry lesson. As a pro remodeler, I have reached a point of shyness about all the composites, because as you stated, their marketing hype is far ahead of their actual product development and testing. Every one of them seems to have some serious problem, some with mold/mildew, some with discoloration, some with just plain material failure, some with inability to clean stains.I urge anyone considering composites to check out the many posts on various forums before commiting \| big money to what is proving to be more and more an inferior produt in my opinion. \|Yo Ken, if your still around your up on this one. Far as Composites go I am with the Larry/whoever We are for the most part. Composites are really no longer using recycled material because there is just not enough of it so most of the raw stuff is virgin,the energy used to make composite is an enviro no no, when its time to remove the project composite is not real big on bio degrade its tricky to burn shreading it would be silly. Bottom line composites are not so enviro freindly. \| Info like that might suggest its not all that good to clean it either, with anything. I dont agree>> composites will out last Ipe, left to go silver/gray Ipe is as close to no maintance as a person can get. With the softer composites like Choice/MoistureShield even trex= tjunk I have found a coat or two of TWP 116 seals up the decking,locks in the color and keeps mold,mildew,stains from causing major problems. Of course not needing to do this is the reason the Wallet goes for composite in the first place. I my own self dont like composites at all for the reasons stated in several posts here and on other sites. Welcome aboard Larry!!! Sorry I dident understand your intent at the begining . John \|Interesting, useful research. Obviously chlorinated disinfectants have their place but it would appear that it is not 'on deck'. Have you been able to identify a mold cleaner/inhibitor that is better at penetrating the pores in wood and composite decking? Sodium percarbonate (oxygen bleach) types for example?\| \|Great analysis and summary worthy of a master's thesis in microbioology, but you didn't answer the question that all of the information infers. \| What works ? What's will remove the black disoloration and what can be used to seal the deck? \|I bought a house with Choice Decking from Lowes. It has the same black spots all over it. From what I can tell, it hasn't been really cleaned for a few years. From the literature that was left with me, it was installed around mid 2005. What is the best way to clean it? The other question is, if I paint it, would that eliminate the mold issue from coming back? I know that defeats the purpose of maintenance free but if it eliminates the mold issue, it might be worth it. Any help is appreciated. Jscott\| - Posted by John(Johnsr@johnhallhomes.com) onWed, Jan 19, 11 at 15:32 \|So what do I use to clean my timber tech dock? I have used bleach and an assortment of cleaners all have left me with black returning in no time\| \|That's crap. \| To me its a given the mold isssue will never go away. However it can be controlled. Use olympic deck cleaner pump spray it on, wait 15 mins, hose it off. Do it every year. Give it a try before the Nazi anti composite Gestappo squad convinces you to tear up your deck and install their favorite brand. It will cost you $25.00 to see if I am wrong, otherwise fall in for the propaganda and spend your money. I have said in many post; even you feet and your car need ocassional washing, Should that prove too be too much effort than keep detroits economy strong and buy a car every 6 months, have your feet amputated because there will be mold growing on those if you don't wash them. $25.00 is it too much to try. Unreal..... sometimes I think there are manufactures reps here posing as builders on this site. JUST TRYING TO WIN FRIENDS AND INFLUENCE PEOPLE. \|Consumer-rights law firm Hagens Berman filed a lawsuit on behalf of owners of Portico composite decking alleging that it the decking is defective and prone to mold and fungal growth that results in large black spots. The lawsuit claims that manufacturer Fiberon refuses to live up to its warranty obligations to replace or repair the decking. Consumers can learn more about the lawsuit here: www.hbsslaw.com/portico.\| \|I guess even lawyers feel that they don't have to follow the forum rules. \| Don't do business with spammers like Hagens Berman. Return to the Porches & Decks Forum Information about Posting - You must be logged in to post a message. Once you are logged in, a posting window will appear at the bottom of the messages. If you are not a member, please register for an account. - Please review our Rules of Play before posting. - Posting is a two-step process. Once you have composed your message, you will be taken to the preview page. You will then have a chance to review your post, make changes and upload photos. - After posting your message, you may need to refresh the forum page in order to see it. - Before posting copyrighted material, please read about Copyright and Fair Use. - We have a strict no-advertising policy! - If you would like to practice posting or uploading photos, please visit our Test forum. - If you need assistance, please Contact Us and we will be happy to help. Learn more about in-text links on this page here	286,166
Last month, John Harris, a legendary reporter for the National Enquirer, died at the age of 76. One of his colleagues, David Wright, talks about Harris's most famous assignment for the Enquirer: a search for Utopia. Suit On a Frame Artist: Joe Henry BROOKE GLADSTONE: Last month John Harris, a longtime reporter for The National Enquirer, died at the age of 76. He started at The Enquirer during the paper’s glory days in the 1970s. That was back when Generoso Pope, the tabloid’s eccentric millionaire publisher, was flush with cash and happy to spend it. And for a few months he spent a lot of it on a dream assignment for the young scribe, John Harris. One of his Enquirer colleagues, David Wright, remembers when an editor thought of a lead just begging for a story. DAVID WRIGHT: The Enquirer finds Utopia. [BROOKE LAUGHS] And he just loved that idea, and within an hour John Harris was on his way to Utopia, or one of many. He set off, first of all, oddly enough, for Scotland, because one of the top editors at The Enquirer at that time was Scottish and knew of a little island in the Highlands that he thought would fit the bill. BROOKE GLADSTONE: I think it’s called Brigadoon. DAVID WRIGHT: [LAUGHS] When John got there, it turned out to be rather chilly, and Generoso Pope didn't think that fit Utopia at all. So he then set off for Greece, and he went around the Mediterranean, in Spain. Nothing fit the bill. The editors were getting desperate, but every week John would move on to somewhere else and find a new paradise, and every week Generoso Pope would find something wrong with it. Tahiti looked very promising, and then suddenly it transpired that they had a weekly newspaper. [BROOKE LAUGHS] And Mr. Pope thought that that didn't quite fit the description of paradise, to have a newspaper there. BROOKE GLADSTONE: There was a place that was disqualified because it had parking meters. DAVID WRIGHT: Yes, of course. As these barriers became bigger and bigger each week the editors tried to disguise [LAUGHS] the, the drawbacks. But Mr. Pope would grill them every week, and he’d winkle out of them any drawbacks that happened to be there. BROOKE GLADSTONE: He never found it, right? DAVID WRIGHT: No. He went on to Bora Bora, Fiji, Samoa, Molokai, the Seychelles, Sri Lanka; he just went on and on and on for months. And there was no way he could come home because Mr. Pope loved the idea and wouldn't give it up. And he said he’s got to find it somewhere. So on he went on his odyssey. BROOKE GLADSTONE: Now David, my understanding is there was never a story published about his search. DAVID WRIGHT: No. I'll tell you what happened in the end. He ended up in Western Samoa, and it sounded like the ultimate paradise. He filed a story from there, and the editors saw it and went rushing in to Mr. Pope and said, I think we've got it this time. This is after six months of his odyssey. Mr. Pope scanned the story, and it looked as if this was going to be it. And then suddenly Mr. Pope said, how did he get this story to you, and the editors said, well, he phoned it in. They dictated it, Mr. Pope. And he said, you don't have telephones in paradise! [LAUGHTER] Get him home! And that was the end of it. BROOKE GLADSTONE: Don't take this personally because I don't mean it that way, but this is The National Enquirer. Did this really happen? DAVID WRIGHT: [LAUGHS] Oh, it really did. [BROOKE LAUGHS] It really did. BROOKE GLADSTONE: Well, thank you very much. DAVID WRIGHT: You’re welcome, Brooke. [MUSIC UP AND UNDER] BROOKE GLADSTONE: David Wright is a senior reporter at The National Enquirer. This is On the Media from NPR.	154,249
Facts, information and articles about Chief Seattle, a Native American Indian Chief from the Wild West Chief Seattle Facts June 6, 1866 Chief Seattle Articles Explore articles from the History Net archives about Chief Seattle » See all Chief Seattle Articles It is said he was born on the Black River near what is now the city of Kent. He was just a young man when he earned the reputation of being both a warrior and a leader because of the many defeating ambushes that he led. He and his group primarily attached the S'Klallam and the Chimakum along the Green River up from the foothills of the Cascades. At just about six feet he was considered both broad and tall for a Puget Sound native and there for given the nickname, Le Gros or The Big One by the traders with the Hudson Bay Company. He also became known as an orator because of his articulate address regarding relations between the Native Americans and the Europeans. He was baptized Noah into the Roman Catholic Church. In March of 1854 he gave a speech to a great number of people just outside of Seattle in regards to Native lands. He spoke while resting his hand on the Governor and it has been translated several times. He reportedly thanked the Europeans for their generosity and also asked to have guaranteed access to the Native American burial grounds. Featured Article About Chief Seattle From History Net Magazines Among the Indians of the Pacific Northwest, perhaps none is as well known as Chief Seattle, who left the earth 130 years ago. Called Sealth by his native Suquamish tribe, the chief's fame largely rests upon a speech made popular during the heady days of the 1970s. It includes such inspiring lines as: 'Man did not weave the web of life; he is merely a strand in it. Whatever he does to the web, he does to himself. As early as 1975, the authenticity of these words was questioned. Although Sealth was an eloquent speaker, could his famous words belong to someone else? What we know of Sealth (pronounced SEE-elth, with a guttural stop at the end) and his life is mostly conjecture based upon myth with a little bit of extrapolated fact. That he was a tyee, or chief, has never been disputed. His father, Schweabe, had been a tyee, and the title was hereditary, though it conferred no power upon the holder. The Suquamish listened to the tyee only when he said what the people wanted to hear. The remainder of the time, a tyee was expected to share his largess with the rest of the tribe during a potlatch. In 1792, Captain George Vancouver anchored off Restoration Point on Bainbridge Island in Puget Sound. Sealth, according to the recollections of various old-timers, often spoke of seeing the ship and being impressed with the guns, steel and other goods. Judging from these accounts, he must have been about 6 at the time. Vancouver was not impressed, writing in his log that the village was the most lowly and meanest of its kind. The best of the huts were poor and miserable, and the people were busily engaged like swine, rooting up this beautiful meadow. As a young adult, Sealth made his mark as a warrior, orator and diplomat. He worked to increase cooperation within the 42 recognized divisions of Salish people occupying Puget Sound, including his own Suquamish. In later years it was remembered that the old chief had a resonant voice that carried half a mile and that eloquent sentences rolled from his lips like the ceaseless thunders of cataracts flowing from exhaustless fountains. In 1832, he impressed the Hudson's Bay factor at Nisqually, Dr. Fraser Tolmie. The handsomest Indian I have ever seen, said Tolmie. In 1838, Sealth was baptized Noah by Father Modest Demers. One wonders if the tyee saw this as one practical way to ascend to the white man's affluence. When the Denny-Boren party landed in 1851 to found their town on Puget Sound, Sealth was there to encourage the construction of a trading post. The post failed, but then Dr. David (Doc) Maynard entered the picture in 1855. Maynard had left his wife of 20 years in Ohio to come west and make his fortune. Doc was a dreamer, and he saw dollar signs on the shores of Puget Sound. No sooner had he filed on a large piece of property, next to the Dennys and Borens, than he began to give it away to encourage growth. He opened a trading post along the shores of the Duwamish River, and one of his best customers was Sealth. They became such good friends that Doc named the new city after him, Seattle being as close a pronunciation as most white tongues would allow. The tyee was less than pleased with the distinction, convinced as he was that, after dying, every time Seattle was spoken he would turn in his grave. The 1850s were a turning point for the Salish peoples in and around Puget Sound. As more and more settlers moved into the country, aggressively displacing the Salish, discontent rose within the various tribes. With the discontent came acts of violence on both sides, with the Salish increasingly on the losing end. In 1853, Washington Territorial Governor Issac Stevens, a man who believed in the late 19th-century philosophy of the only good Indian is a dead Indian, began buying up or seizing Salish lands and removing the tribes to reservations. In December 1854, the governor visited Seattle, and Tyee Sealth made a speech lamenting that the day of the Indian had passed and the future belonged to the white man. On hand to take notes was Dr. Henry J. Smith, a surgeon with a penchant for florid Victorian poetry (his pen name was Paul Garland). In 1855, Sealth spoke again, briefly, at the formal signing of the Port Madison Treaty, which settled the Suquamish on their reservation across the sound from Seattle. His brief remarks have none of the elaborate pretensions of most speeches recorded during that era. As historian Bernard DeVoto noted, Indian speeches tended to reflect the literary aspirations of the recorder more than the orator. Three years later, an old and impoverished Sealth spoke one last time for the record, wondering why the treaty had not been signed by the Congress of the United States, leaving the Indians to languish in poverty: I have been very poor and hungry all winter and am very sick now. In a little while I will die. When I do, my people will be very poor; they will have no property, no chief and no one to talk for them. This entire text, as well as Sealth's 1855 comments, are preserved in the National Archives. Until the 1970s, the story of Chief Seattle belonged to the city that bears his name. Then, with the environmental movement in full swing, the speech Sealth made to Governor Stevens in 1854 was resurrected into the consciousness of Americans. It is not difficult to find people who consider the speech to be on almost the same level as the Gospel. The modern versions of the speech, which has been called the embodiment of all environmental ideas, have references to things Sealth would have never seen or known about, such as trains, whippoorwills, and the slaughter of the buffalo (which occurred long after the tyee's death) are included. Comparisons between known versions of the text have turned up four main variants, each with its own phrasing, wording and sometimes contradictory content. The first version of the speech has been traced to a transcription made by Dr. Henry Smith more than 30 years after the actual event. Smith's is the original on which all others are based; it appeared in the October 29, 1887, issue of the Seattle Sunday Star under the title Scraps From A Diary. The article begins with a favorable description of Old Chief Seattle and segues into what is more than likely Dr. Smith's poetic impression of what the tyee said, based upon notes Smith had made at the time. Smith concludes with the comment, The above is but a fragment of his speech, and lacks all the charm lent by the grace and earnestness of the sable old orator, and the occasion. Dr. Smith's diary cannot be found, so it is impossible to know just how closely his notes followed what Sealth had to say. Moreover, Sealth was a prideful man, and though he embraced the white man's commercial products, he refused to learn his ways or speak his language. Hence, it is safe to say that what Smith heard was a translation. It was probably made from Sealth's Lushotseed language into the Chinook jargon and then into English, with each transliteration losing or embellishing something of the original. In 1931, Clarence B. Bagley published an article and reproduced the Chief Seattle speech with his own additions. In 1932, John M. Rich published a booklet called Chief Seattle's Unanswered Challenge, which follows the Smith text but with some minor changes. A 1971 version by W.C. Vanderworth in Indian Oratory: Famous Speeches by Noted Indian Chieftains is essentially the same as these two. The third major revision of the speech was done in 1969 by poet William Arrowsmith, who translated from the Victorian English of Dr. Henry Smith an interpretation that retains the tyee's meaning, if not the wording and phrasing. A fourth version displayed at the 1974 Spokane Expo, a shorter Letter to President Franklin Pierce, and many other variations at about that time have a familial resemblance to the Smith text but begin to adopt an ecological view. In Smith's 1887 version, the natural world is the canvas upon which Chief Seattle's words are drawn. In the 1970s, the environment is the entire painting. The differences between the Smith version and the fourth version are striking, including the line, Your God loves your people and hates mine, vs. Our God is the same God. There are inspiring phrases, in the newer version, that the Smith transcription lacks: How can you buy or sell the sky, the warmth of the land? The idea is strange to us….The rivers are our brothers….The air is precious…for all things share the same breath and This we know. The earth does not belong to man. Man belongs to the earth. This we know. All things are connected like the blood which unites one family. For many years this fourth variant has been the accepted version of Chief Seattle's speech. So it came as some surprise when this last rendering was traced to a screenwriter, Ted Perry, for the 1972 movie Home, a production of the Southern Baptist Radio and Television Commission. Perry heard Arrowsmith read his 1969 version and with permission, used the text as the basis for a new, fictitious speech for a film on pollution and ecology. The film's producers revised Perry's script without his knowledge, removed his name from the film credits, sent off 18,000 posters with the speech to viewers who requested it, and glibly began the confusion we have today. Perry was not pleased. Ted Perry is now a professor at Middlebury College in Vermont and has tried to set the record straight, but with little result. In a Newsweek article in 1992, Perry mused, Why are we so willing to accept a text like this if it's attributed to a Native American, and not to a Caucasian? Over the years, he has been embarrassed by his role in putting words in the mouth of Chief Seattle. I would never have allowed anyone to believe that it was anything but a fictitious item written by me, he has said. Yet, Perry has also been pleased that his words have served as a powerful inspiration for so many others. Would that this stimulus had not come at the expense of more distancing and romanticizing the Native American, he adds. The legend of Chief Seattle's speech may never die. Undoubtedly there will be many who refuse to believe that such fine and noble words and sentiments could have been made by a non-Indian during the 20th century–and for a television show at that. To allow any version of the speech to pass away would be to deny the magic and power of the words and their meaning. If something is true, it shouldn't matter who said it and when it was said as long as we recognize the source. What matters most is that the Chief Seattle Speech has something to teach us all: So if we sell you our land, love it as we have loved it. Care for it as we have cared for it. We may be brothers after all. The chief died in 1866. His grave lies in a little cemetery behind the historic St. Peter's Catholic Church in the hamlet of Suquamish on Washington's Kitsap Peninsula. Through tall Douglas-fir trees toward the west, visitors can gaze across mist-covered Puget Sound on warm summer days. With the snow-clad Cascade Mountains on the far horizon as background, the tiny bumps of downtown Seattle rise like headstones. For more great articles be sure to subscribe to Wild West magazine today!	204,366
6. Advanced Topics on Clothing Simulation and Animation Half-Day, Sunday, 31 July, 1:45 - 5:30 pm An introduction to state-of-the-art techniques for simulating and animating clothing. The course begins by presenting cloth simulation procedures, then presents in-depth knowledge on physical modeling of cloth and collision-resolution techniques, including practical issues in implementation. It closes by showing a variety of fashions constructed by a major digital fashion company. Rudimentary knowledge of computer graphics, computer animation, geometric modeling, linear algebra, calculus, and numerical computing. Graduate students and/or people from industry who are interested in developing physically based simulation techniques. Seoul National University Digital Fashion Ltd How Clothing Simulation Works? \|\|Physical Model of Cloth I - Introduction to the Immediate Buckling Model (IBM) - Implementation of the IBM (10 min) - Mathematical Analysis of Force Jacobians \|\|Physical Model of Cloth II - Stability Analysis of the IBM - Damping Analysis of the IBM - Extension to Triangular Meshes \|\|Impulse-Based Collision Resolution - Repulsion based forces - Robust geometric collisions - Hybrid methods for robustness and efficiency \|\|Cloth Design and Applications - 3D Cloth Design - OGM: A Measurement Device for BRDF - Cloth Simulation Results \|\|Current State-of-the-Art and Challenges Ahead - Results of recent experiments - Challenges ahead	234,213
Finger Skills Workout Looking for stamina, accuracy, and mad skills on the fingerboard in just a few minutes a day? - Choose a Root Note - or just leave them all checked to get exercises in a random key. - Choose a Scale type, like Major or Pentatonic Minor - Choose whether you want it Easy, Medium, or Difficult, and how many exercises you want. That's it! Click the "Start Exercises" button and GuitarCardio.com will serve you a randomly-selected scale diagram and a fingering exercise using that scale. The exercise is laid out as guitar tab, so even the hard exercises are easy to read. And of course, if you want more details, you can always read the Instructions.	116,981
When mutual fund distributor Bajaj Capital found that a certain investor had not made any new investments in mutual funds for a long time, it decided to check up on him. To their surprise, the officials found that the investor had died a few years ago and his wife had no knowledge about the Rs 2 lakh he had invested in HDFC Mutual Fund. "The amount had grown to Rs 9-10 lakh. The lady broke down because she was facing financial difficulties and the money would help her tide over the problems," says Surajit Misra, executive vice-president and national head of mutual funds, Bajaj Capital. Ajay Kumar Parmar had forgotten all about the Saradar Sarovar Narmada Nigam bonds he had bought 20 years ago when he was living in Ranchi. It was only when he heard about another investor getting a good price for his bonds this year that he recalled his own investment. Not everyone is as lucky though. An estimated Rs 22,000 crore of investors' wealth is lying unclaimed with insurance companies, mutual funds, corporate houses, banks and the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation. These are investments that were made but never claimed by the owners after maturity. "The investors who put small amounts in a number of instruments often face this problem because the portfolio becomes too unwieldy and difficult to monitor," says Sandeep Shanbhag, director at Wonderland Consultants Tax & Investment Advisory. ET Wealth looked at the unclaimed wealth lying across various investment options. Insurance policies and long-term instruments top the list of most forgotten investments. It's a problem that afflicts almost every investor. Every household will have a dormant bank account, or a long-forgotten insurance policy or expired dividend cheques. In the following pages we tell you how you can reclaim this money. 1) Life insurance policies This is a major black hole when it comes to investor wealth. The life insurance industry has roughly Rs 1,724 crore unclaimed funds lying with it. Private sector insurance companies, which started operations only 11 years ago, alone have more than Rs 1,500 crore worth of unclaimed benefits. These include policy benefits paid out, but not encashed by, policyholders, maturity benefits lying unclaimed or death claims not filed by nominees. LIC, which has been doing business for the past six decades, stands at third place with Rs 218 crore. The public-sector behemoth has some 1.8 lakh policies for which the maturity benefits have not been claimed. Besides, there are cases where the policyholders have died but the death benefit has not been claimed. Companies say they hold the unclaimed funds for a long time. V Srinivasan, chief financial officer at Bharti AXA Life Insurance, says, "Irda regulations don't allow insurers to write off this money for a long time. Currently, long has not been defined." However, you won't get more than the due amount because it won't earn any interest. "We don't pay any interest because it would incentivise forgetfulness by investors," says Srinivasan. It's best to file death claims as soon as possible. In case the policyholder dies, a delayed claim raises suspicion of foul play or fraud. The insurance company will then have to investigate the cause and circumstances of death. "It becomes a sticky issue. It's in everybody's interest to make the claim on time," adds Srinivasan. To ensure that your investment in insurance is safe, be sure to inform your family members about all the policies and keep a record. The nominee will be able to claim the amount without any hassles. However, problems crop up when no nominee is listed in the insurance document or if he has not been informed. 2) Bank accounts and deposits More than Rs 1,700 crore is languishing in dormant accounts and unclaimed bank deposits across India. The SBI and its associate banks alone have unclaimed deposits of Rs 279.7 crore. Concerned about this forgotten treasure trove, the Reserve Bank of India has asked banks to consider launching a special drive to locate the customers or legal heirs of inoperative accounts. From 1 July this year, all banks will have to list on their websites the names and addresses of customers who have unclaimed deposits and inoperative accounts. The RBI is very clear about how banks should treat this money. The maturity proceeds of unclaimed FDs will earn the savings bank rate of interest. Similarly, the interest on savings bank accounts is to be credited on a regular basis whether the account is operative or not.	6,548
Offer: 40 Scholarships for Journalists to Change the World Applications for the April 2013 School of Authentic Journalism Are Due November 18, 2012 Please click the link above to view a full description of this exciting, intensive training program for political activists and citizen journalists. At the 2013 school participants will hear from a leader of South Africa’s anti-apartheid boycott and general strike, a union organizer who strategized Bolivia’s “water war” that stopped the privatization of that resource, an organizer who helped – this year – stop the deportation of 800,000 undocumented immigrants from the United States, a strategist who launched the global movement to end nuclear power, a writer and journalist who became a movement leader when her town was threatened by a nuclear waste dump, a young organizer whose creativity and humor helped topple his country of Serbia’s dictator, and two legendary theorists and organizers who worked alongside Martin Luther King to end racial segregation. This ten-day intensive program is for the following kinds of people: Journalists and communicators who report on and alongside social movements, community organizing and civil resistance campaigns, and also for those participants in those movements who write, blog, photograph, create and manage websites, make video, radio, graphic design or political cartoons about them. In previous schools the organizers have accepted some applicants with little experience but whose raw talent and urgent desire to make change in their communities and in the world impressed us, and a good number of them have gone on to do great works. Some are even professors of the School of Authentic Journalism today. If you would like to be part of it all, the first step to take is to write to app2013 (at) narconews (dot) com and ask for the application (for an application in Spanish write to sol2013 (at) narconews (dot) com). The organizers also recommend that you listen to the advice of people who completed the application in previous years in a five-minute video that appears below, and on the site. As they testify, it is probably unlike any application you have ever completed before. The first thing you will notice when you open it is that is a long application, eleven pages long, with an essay requirement! Last year, 1,100 people wrote us for the application and, of them, more than 400 completed it, from which the organizers chose 40 scholars. It’s length weeds out lazy people or those that don’t really want the scholarship enough. It is also a very different kind of application than that offered by other schools and universities. The organizers are less interested in your resume than in getting to know how you think and work, and whether you are willing and able to work hard for what you want. The School of Authentic Journalism does not charge tuition. The organizers do not seek scholars based on their ability to pay. For some scholars – especially those from “developing nations” – the organizers also grant scholarships for your air travel. Other scholars who can afford it may also voluntarily donate up to $300 toward their room and board – which will be met with matching support from the International Center on Nonviolent Conflict – for the ten days and nights of the school. But, again, this is not a commercial enterprise.	89,818
Pope to Visit Holy Land It’s been confirmed that the Pope will visit Israel (and, possibly, Palestine). Prime Minister Ehud Olmert said Sunday that Pope Benedict XVI would visit Israel in May, confirming what would be the third trip to the country by a reigning pontiff since its founding in 1948. … The pope also is expected to visit Bethlehem in the West Bank and to travel to Jordan. No wonder Benedict was in a panic when the Society of Saint Pius X “unexcommunication” blew up in his face! But what is most significant about this planned visit to the Holy Land by the Pope is the diplomatic victory that it would symbolize for the Israelis, who, lets be frank, have not been altogether well behaved over the years to their Christian “younger brothers”. Will the Pope remember the siege of the Church of the Nativity, the persecution of Palestinians, many of whom are Christian, and the many other episodes of inter-religious persecution? “We very much hope that the visit will be held in an appropriate atmosphere,” Olmert said, without explicitly mentioning the recent tensions. In other words, this will be like a visit to China. You go where they take you – no visits to the political equivalent of Tibet. However, on the bright side, we might see Israel trying to be a bit nicer to its neighbors and the weakest in its society. The Pope has shown that he can talk straight, on occasion, and say things the way they are, after all. It would be in Israel’s interests not to give the Pope too much to complain about. On the other hand, war might break out and flights to Tel Aviv could be canceled before the Pope gets a chance to go.	63,037
Artist's illustration of the early Milky Way This illustration shows the Milky Way as it may have appeared 11 billion years ago. It was constructed from the all-sky image from Axel Mellinger and Robert Gendler's image of the M33 galaxy. This imaginary view of our young Milky Way shows the galaxy as it may have appeared 11 billion years ago, as seen from the surface of a hypothetical planet. The night sky looks markedly different than the view today. The Milky Way's disc and central bulge of stars are smaller and dimmer because the galaxy is in an early phase of construction. The heavens are ablaze with a firestorm of new star formation, seen in the pinkish nebulae glowing from stars still wrapped inside their natal cocoons. The handful of stars visible in the night sky are blue and bright because they are young. - NASA Press release - Tracing the growth of Milky Way-like galaxies - The present and early Milky Way (artist’s illustration) - Artist's Illustration of the present Milky Way NASA, ESA, and Z. Levay (STScI/AURA) About the Image \|Release date:\|\|15 November 2013, 11:45\| \|Size:\|\|2248 x 1264 px\|	70,017
Mullroy was a marine in the British Royal Navy, and was stationed at Port Royal in the Caribbean under Commodore James Norrington's command. He was often seen serving alongside his fellow marine, Murtogg. Although he served as a marine, Mullroy himself admitted he couldn't actually swim. He later became part of the East India Trading Company and ultimately became a pirate in Hector Barbossa's crew on the Black Pearl and later on the Queen Anne's Revenge. At the time of Norrington's promotion ceremony held at Fort Charles, Mullroy and Murtogg were assigned the task of guarding the dock at which the HMS Interceptor was berthed. Although they carried out their duty loyally, they proved little match for the trickery of Captain Jack Sparrow, and ended up engaged in conversation with the pirate aboard the HMS Interceptor. Although dutiful, they both proved incapable of rescuing Elizabeth Swann when she fell from atop the fort's battlements (because neither of them could swim) and this forced Jack to dive into the ocean to save her. Mullroy subsequently tried to curry favor with the Commodore by handing him Sparrow's effects, when Norrington and his men attempted to arrest the pirate. Following the capture of Elizabeth by the crew of the Black Pearl, the Royal Navy set up a search, and Mullroy and Murtogg were stationed aboard the HMS Dauntless. They participated in the fight against Hector Barbossa's undead pirates aboard the vessel, sharing a brotherly handshake before charging into battle, and survived the conflict. They were part of the assembly that was to witness Jack Sparrow's execution and had apparently received a promotion as both he and Murtogg now sported white wigs, though Jack was spared the hangman's noose by the efforts of Will Turner. During the War of Jolly Roger, when the Black Pearl was captured by the Navy and moved to Black Pearl Island, both Mullroy and Murtogg were assigned to guard the ship. However, they were unsuccessful because the ship was stolen right under their nose by a group of pirates. The pair were later assigned to guard Port Royal prison. While there, they were able to thwart an escape attempted by Ragetti and Pintel. East India Trading Company soldierEdit - "Halt there or we'll shoot." - ―Mullroy and Jack Sparrow Around the time the Flying Dutchman was commanded by Admiral James Norrington, Mullroy and Murtogg served the East India Trading Company. When they first saw the Dutchman's crewmen, both soldiers were frightened by their appearances. They were tasked with guarding the Dead Man's Chest, training cannons on it to prevent Davy Jones from regaining control of his ship. The chest was ultimately stolen by Jack Sparrow while Mullroy argued the representation of the "fish people" with Murtogg. The two then abandoned their post as without the Chest there was no more need to guard it and swung over to the Black Pearl together, crashing into the side of the ship and allowing the newly wedded Elizabeth Turner to use their rope to swing to the Dutchman. The Black PearlEdit Afterwards, the two put on pirate attire and joined in celebrating the death of Lord Cutler Beckett. Though Ragetti and Pintel noticed them, the two didn't seem to care and didn't harm them. They remained aboard as crew members during and following Barbossa's second mutiny , though joined Pintel, Ragetti and Marty in confronting Barbossa over this course of action. Nevertheless, they appeared set to remain aboard. The Queen Anne's RevengeEdit It's unknown if Mullroy and Murtogg participated in the battle in which the infamous pirate Blackbeard captured the Black Pearl. However, one year after the Quest for the Fountain of Youth both of them were serving under Barbossa once again, this time on the Queen Anne's Revenge, which Barbossa took for his own after mortally wounding Blackbeard on Unnamed island. With the curses of the sea undone by the destruction of Trident of Poseidon, the sea walls of the ocean started closing in on the tomb threatening to drown all left inside. Barbossa had the crew lower the anchor to save everyone and made the decision to sacrifice himself to save his daughter. Upon learning of their captain's demise, Mullroy along with Murtogg held their hats down in respect. Serving Jack SparrowEdit With Barbossa now gone, Mullroy and Murtogg found themselves serving on the Black Pearl once more this time serving Jack Sparrow. The two accepted Sparrow as their captain and would sail with him beyond his beloved horizon. Mullroy's further fate is unknown. Personality and traitsEdit - "You've seen a ship with black sails, that's crewed by the damned and captained by a man so evil that Hell itself spat him back out?" "But I have seen a ship with black sails." "Oh, and no ship that's not crewed by the damned and captained by a man so evil that Hell itself spat him back out could possibly have black sails, therefore couldn't possibly be any other ship than the Black Pearl, is that what you're saying?" - ―Mullroy and Murtogg Like Murtogg, Mallory was rather slow-witted but did seem to have a talent for survival. He was initially considered to be very skeptical of superstition, as he regarded his partner's insistence that the Black Pearl was a real ship with derision. However, after seeing and fighting against the undead pirates, Mullroy appeared to alter his opinions. When Cotton's parrot dirtied Mullroy's jacket with its droppings, Mullroy was content to leave it there when Murtogg told him it was a sign of good luck--soon after, Murtogg's face was dirtied by the parrot, and Mullroy wiped the droppings from his face onto his jacket. Behind the scenesEdit - Mullroy was portrayed by Angus Barnett in The Curse of the Black Pearl, At World's End and Dead Men Tell No Tales. - Until the release of At World's End, due to Mullroy's absence in Dead Man's Chest, it was assumed amongst fans that he was killed when the hurricane destroyed the HMS Dauntless. However, with Mullroy's presence in At World's End, it is possible that Mullroy resigned from Norrington's crew by that time. According to Joe Books Ltd's Pirates of the Caribbean comic book writer Chris Schweizer, Mullroy was meant to be featured in the planned eight and final issue of the series and it was to be revealed how he survived, but as the series was cancelled in the fifth issue, it's unknown if this is canon or not. - Until the release of Dead Men Tell No Tales, due to Mullroy's absence in On Stranger Tides, fans initially assumed that he was killed when the Queen Anne's Revenge attacked and captured the Black Pearl. However, with his presence in Dead Men Tell No Tales, it can be inferred that Mullroy either resigned from Barbossa's crew for that time or that Blackbeard spared his life. - Mullroy and Murtogg are seen as the "heroic" counterpoints to the piratical duo Pintel and Ragetti, who have been likened to such classic pairings as Laurel and Hardy and R2-D2 and C-3PO from the Star Wars saga. - In the non-canonical LEGO Pirates of the Caribbean: The Video Game, Mullroy, along Murtogg, last appears when Jack Sparrow steals the Dead Man's Chest aboard the Flying Dutchman (he never realizes about Sparrow's presence like Murtogg). As they never escape to the Black Pearl, their fates following the Battle of Calypso's maelstrom are unknown. - Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (First appearance) - Pirates of the Caribbean Online - Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End - Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales - LEGO Pirates of the Caribbean: The Video Game (Non-canonical appearance) Notes and referencesEdit - ↑ Estimation based on Angus Barnett's age during the filming of Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, and the fact that TCotBP takes place in the 1730s. - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl - ↑ Pirates of the Caribbean Online - ↑ Breakout! - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales - ↑ @schweizercomics Chris Schweizer on Twitter \|v • d • eCrew of the HMS Dauntless\| \|v • d • eCrew of the Queen Anne's Revenge\|	193,718
SEATTLE Got the blue-state blues? Rudi Kischer feels your pain. Top 10 reasons to move to Canada By The Associated Press 1. Canada has universal public healthcare. 2. Canada has no troops in Iraq. 3. Canada signed the Kyoto Protocol environmental treaty. 4. More than half of Canada's provinces allow same-sex marriage. 5. The Canadian Senate recommends legalizing marijuana. 6. Canada has no law restricting abortion. 7. Canada has strict gun laws and relatively little violence. 8. The United Nations has ranked Canada the best country to live in for eight consecutive years. 9. Canada abolished the death penalty in 1976. 10. Canada has not run a federal deficit since 1996-97. (as cited by www.canadianalternative.com) The Vancouver, British Columbia, immigration lawyer plans seminars in three U.S. cities Seattle, San Francisco and Los Angeles to tell Americans frustrated with President Bush's re-election that the grass is greener north of the border. And that's not just an allusion to Canada's lenient marijuana laws. ''We started last year getting a lot of calls from Americans dissatisfied with the way the country is going,'' Kischer says. ''Then after the election, it's been crazy up here. The Canadian immigration Web site had 115,000 hits the day after the election from the U.S. alone. We usually only get 20,000 hits.'' There was so much interest that a Vancouver-based Internet company, Communicopia, set up a new Web site this month www.canadianalternative.com to suggest Canada as a viable option for its American clients, including anyone concerned about constitutional bans on gay marriage passed in 11 states this month. ''We invite you to get to know Canada,'' the site says. ''Explore the richness and diversity of our regions. And find out why Canada is the perfect alternative for conscientious, forward-thinking Americans.'' Another Web site urges Canadians: ''Open your heart, and your home. Marry an American. Legions of Canadians have already pledged to sacrifice their singlehood to save our southern neighbors from four more years of cowboy conservatism.'' Canada suddenly has utopian appeal for many left-leaning Americans. Its universal healthcare, gay rights, abortion rights, gun-control laws, drug laws, opposition to the Iraq war, ban on capital punishment and ethnic diversity mirror many values of the American left. Immigrants, including an estimated 1 million Americans, make up nearly 20 percent of Canada's population. The United Nations named Toronto the world's most multicultural city. And, as Michael Moore pointed out in ''Bowling for Columbine'' required viewing for many lefties in Canada there's apparently no reason to lock your door. On the other hand, it's cold. The baseball's not very good so long, Expos. And the taxes are higher, eh? But, as one American who has his bags nearly packed likes to say, at least the taxes go toward good causes. ''I just like their way of life a lot better, and with everything the Bush administration has done for the American people to give him their seal of approval, it's basically the last straw,'' says Ralph Appoldt, a resident of Portland, in the barely blue state of Oregon. ''Canada's basic population is much more intelligent, polite and civilized. I like their way of government a lot better. Their tax dollars go to helping those who need it, instead of funneling money back up to the wealthy and feeding this huge military-industrial machine.'' Appoldt, 50, a sales manager, and his wife, a nurse, figure that selling their house and getting their immigration approved could take more than a year. But they're moving, they insist. They've already hired Kischer to help them. Though he may see a good business opportunity following the election, Kischer has no illusions of a mass American exodus to Canada. Yanks have to follow the same procedures as everybody else including the $500 application fee, the $975 landing tax, and the wait of six months to two years. He only expects about 100 people at each of the how-to-move-to-Canada seminars, all scheduled in blue states Dec. 4 in Seattle, Dec. 5 in Los Angeles and Dec. 6 in San Francisco. Nancy Bray, a spokesperson for Citizenship and Immigration Canada, said her agency's Web site received 261,000 hits from the United States in the two days following the election, but it'll be many months before officials can guess how many of them were serious. ''Our interest, our goal, is to attract the best possible immigrants,'' Bray says. ''If there's a lot of publicity about our country, that's to our benefit. But we're not interested in people's political leanings or political dissatisfaction.'' Jason Mogus, Communicopia's chief executive, said that while his company wanted to help interested Americans, moving to Canada should be plan B. ''We strongly encourage Americans to stay and build a culture in line with their values,'' Mogus said. ''In other words, stay and fight.'' Peninsula Clarion ©2014. All Rights Reserved.	193,021
Troop redeployment shows commitment to peace in Yemen The UAE is dedicated to the Stockholm agreement and a lasting political solution The decision to redeploy troops in Yemen is consistent with UAE foreign policy, which is underpinned by dialogue and seeking de-escalation. On Monday, a senior UAE official said that while the nation has trained 90,000 Yemeni government fighters, some UAE troops are being redeployed and equipment has been moved, in co-ordination with other coalition allies. This is not about relinquishing control to the Iran-backed Houthis, who continue to wage war against the internationally recognised government of Abdrabu Mansur Hadi but paving the way for a lasting political solution. It marks a shift from “a military-first strategy to a peace-first strategy,” according to the official and comes months after UN-backed talks in Sweden, which saw rebel and government forces agree to pull back from the vital port city of Hodeidah. Important measures have yet to be implemented and fighting continues on several fronts. Nevertheless, the UAE is committed to the Stockholm agreement and is working hard to bring an end to Yemen’s five-year war, which has taken a considerable human toll. Since it joined the Saudi-led coalition to reinstate Mr Hadi’s government in 2015, the UAE has achieved many of its objectives in Yemen. Swathes of land have been reclaimed from the Houthis and the Yemeni army has improved its capabilities, while the UAE has helped to undermine Al Qaeda’s operations and presence in the country. Overall, the UAE has provided the Yemen with Dh20.53 billion in aid. Still, there is plenty of work to be done, not least because of Houthi intransigence. Also on Monday, the coalition intercepted a Houthi drone launched into Saudi Arabia and foiled an attack on commercial ships in the Red Sea. Meanwhile, the Houthis claim to have developed new missiles and drones, which they have used – with the backing of Tehran – to attack civilian targets, such as Saudi’s Abha airport. The Yemen troop redeployment comes at a time of heightened tensions in the region, with Iran escalating on a number of fronts and American sanctions taking their toll on the country. As the official said, the UAE “is not trigger happy” and is pursuing a cool-headed foreign policy, presenting a stark contrast with Tehran, which continues to threaten regional stability. Iran has now stepped up its nuclear enrichment, spurring Gulf states and their allies into diplomatic action. What the people of Yemen need most is an end to a war that has ushered in widespread famine and a deadly cholera outbreak. The UAE has been clear in its commitment to a political solution and the Houthis must now follow suit. Pressure must be mounted on the rebels and their Iranian backers to halt their attacks, and work towards a political solution to end the terrible suffering of Yemenis. Updated: July 9, 2019 08:18 PM	76,373
Health officials say this season's flu shot is only 9 percent effective in protecting seniors against the most common and dangerous flu bug. Flu vaccine tends to protect younger people better than older ones and is never 100 percent effective. But experts say the preliminary results released Thursday are disappointing and highlight the need for a better vaccine. For all age groups, the vaccine's effectiveness was a moderate 56 percent the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Thursday. But it did a particularly poor job of protecting those 65 and older against a harsh flu strain that is causing most of the illnesses this year. Health officials emphasize that some protection though is better than none at all. Thirty San Diego County residents died from influenza this flu season according to the County Health and Human Services Agency. The number of recent deaths exceeded the county's previous record of 22 flu-related deaths in the 2003-04 season, not including the H1N1-related deaths from 2009 through 2011. While it's likely that older people who were vaccinated are still getting sick, many of them may be getting less severe symptoms. "Year in and year out, the vaccine is the best protection we have," said CDC flu expert Dr. Joseph Bresee.	31,174
Delivering Winter Relief To Isolated Gaza Families Baltimore, MD (IOCC) — Worry has become a daily companion for Hatem, a father of five. He has been without a job since the closing of the Gaza Strip. What income Hatem has managed to earn through odd jobs over the last ten years has rarely been enough to feed, clothe and shelter his family. Hatem's family lives in the Rafah governorate of Gaza under the most dire conditions, relying on scraps of sheet metal, plastic and fencing to shield his wife and children from the elements in their haphazardly constructed home. Thousands of Palestinian families share Hatem's fate in the Gaza Strip. Responding to your desire to help those in need, International Orthodox Christian Charities (IOCC) through the financial support of US Agency for International Development through the Civic Engagement Program (CEP), implemented the distribution of aid packages to over 2,900 families in the Gaza Strip. The aid packages distributed through IOCC's Winter Relief Project provided families in need with vital food staples such as canned meat, rice, sugar, and tea as well as basic household necessities like laundry detergent, dish soap, towels, and floor mats. Children of the recipient families were especially happy to receive much needed school supplies such as paper, pencils and erasers, provided with the support of partner agency, United Methodist Committee on Relief (UMCOR). While not enough to sustain the families for a lengthy time, the aid packages served to supplement the basic needs of 18,000 vulnerable people and alleviate some of the economic burdens faced by many in this war torn region. Hatem's wife expressed relief and gratitude for the presence of many basic items that her family has had to live without for so long. "By providing this package, you have solved part of our daily problem... to have a floor mat, pillows, and food items like milk..., and look I am starting to use the laundry soap!" Through your generous support, IOCC, which has been providing assistance to the people of Gaza since 2005, is committed to continue its efforts to bring much needed relief to those isolated families living in the Gaza Strip. ABOUT INTERNATIONAL ORTHODOX CHRISTIAN CHARITIES IOCC, founded in 1992 as the official humanitarian aid agency of the Standing Conference of Canonical Orthodox Bishops in the Americas (SCOBA), has implemented relief and development programs in more than 40 countries around the world. How You Can Help You can help the victims of disasters around the world, like those in Gaza Strip, by making a financial gift to the IOCC International Emergency Response Fund, which will provide immediate relief as well as long-term support through the provision of emergency aid, recovery assistance and other support to help those in need. To make a gift, please visit www.iocc.org, call toll free at 1-877-803-IOCC (4622), or mail a check or money order payable to IOCC, P.O. Box 17398, Baltimore, Md. 21297-0429. Media contact: Rada K. Tierney, IOCC Media Relations, 443-823-3489, firstname.lastname@example.org Email this article to a friend Top of page	99,853
October is here and giving us full permission to indulge in all things spooky – but we’re going to ease you into those festivities. From charity events to help mental health organisations to teaching the future generation about sustainable food choices, we have everything you need to have a great week. Stand In Aaagh Of All Mná At Pálás Pálás cinema are celebrating the very best horror films by women filmmakers with their Halloween season Samhain na mBan. From Mary Harron’s cult classic American Psycho to Karyn Kusama’s Jennifer’s Body, Pálás will be playing them all from the 18th to 31st October. Fancy dress throughout the season is very much encouraged. For the full line-up of films and to purchase tickets visit www.palas.ie. Cook Along With JP McMahon JP McMahon, owner and chef of Michelin-starred Aniar Restaurant is passionate about the importance of teaching children life-long skills. Following the success of his previous 8-week culinary course for kids, he is back again with another one to teach children the importance of sustainable food, nutrition and culinary skills. Ideal for children and teenagers aged 9-16 already showing talent in the kitchen and those that need a little encouragement. The course will not only teach kids how to cook traditional meals and recipes but will also teach must-know culinary skills in a fun and relaxed environment. Budding chefs will learn some crowd-pleasing foods including breads like Waterford blaas and treacle scones, as well as family favourites like meatballs, ratatouille and beef ragout. Sessions will be held virtually via Zoom on Saturday or Sunday mornings from 11 am to 1pm. Students have the option of cooking along with JP or tuning into the class later and putting the learnings into practice on their own when it has finished. To view the full itinerary and to book your place visit their website here. Take A Dip For Coldtober Dr. Easkey Britton is a surfer, writer, artist, film-maker, coach and marine, social scientist, with a PhD in Environment and Society who believes the sea has incredible powers. This year, she is endorsing the national, month-long sea swimming fundraiser Coldtober challenge to raise money for Helplink Mental Health. Coldtober will begin on Friday October 1st, each day over twenty sea swimming locations across Ireland will see participants take part by doing a sea swim to help Helplink meet their mission; to support children, young people and adults with their mental health. If you’re not around a sea, no worries as you can participate with taking a 30 second cold shower. When you register you will receive a goodie bag with a Coldtober Portwest beanie and a delicious and unique Solaris Tea to warm you up after your sea swim! To register click here. Rise To The Challenge Of The Big Dip Wherever you are around Ireland, take a dip on October 10th and raise vital funds for The RISE Foundation. RISE do tremendous work to support families impacted by a loved ones addictive behaviour through awareness, education and therapy. The Big Dip challenge is a fun virtual fundraiser for people to complete, whenever and wherever suits, and at their own pace and target distance. To participate or contribute, click here. Try The Tricky Trail at Tayto Park A brand new exhibition has landed at Tayto Park. A 45 minute treasure hunt will be filled with spooky stories, spell casting and magical performances suitable for all ages. Set off with your very own Tricky Trail Treasure Map to uncover the lost items throughout the Halloween trail, visit the Scarecrows Barn and the Vampires Castle before entering the Freaky Forrest and Witches Layer to find your own Halloween trick or treat bag. Book your tickets at www.taytopark.ie.	289,749
It’s National Rice Pudding Day! Rice pudding is a delicious treat that combines the smooth, creamy texture of pudding with nutritious and filling rice. The recipe evolved from an ancient dish known as “pottage,” which originated in the Middle East. Almost every region of the world has its own take on rice pudding. Some versions are sweet while others are savory, and some are thick while others are thin. In the United States, most people serve their rice pudding sweetened with a sprinkle of nutmeg and raisins. Yum! Enjoy some rice pudding today in honor of National Rice Pudding Day! - August 09, 2020 is also Book Lovers Day - August is National Goat Cheese Month \| National Peach Month \| National Water Quality Month	288,859
More and more, technology plays a very large part in activism. Many movements are integrally tied to technology such as the Free Software Movement. Others are not quite so significantly tied to technology such as Anonymous. However, the days when rallies and protests were organized with paper and face-to-face communication is largely drawing to an end. Today, the Internet and cell phone networks are the way to organize. Facebook, Twitter, texting, and the web in general are what brought protesters to Zuccotti Park in droves. This trend can only continue to increase in frequency and intensity. Perhaps technology and communication can bring about a positive and substantive change in the world. Anonymous was born on the Internet in what is still considered a shady underworld without any rules or restrictions. Perhaps such a force could not have come from a place where participants would feel less free to explore the possibilities. Today, Anonymous is everywhere, supporting other movements such as the 2010 and 2011 revolutions in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, and several other middle eastern countries and the Occupy movement in the U.S. Anonymous has broken free of the Internet and now lives and thrives in the real world. An early example of Anonymous' influence offline was "Operation Chanology," a campaign against the Church of Scientology. In more recent times, Anonymous has gained a near synonymity with the Occupy movement which makes itself very visible in the real world. Anonymous still does at least as much of its activism online as it does offline, however. In support of the Syrian uprising still ongoing, Anonymous launched "Operation Syria", a campaign of online attacks aimed at the Syrian establishment which is responsible for the massacre of many innocent Syrian citizens. The Occupy movement The Occupy movement may now be the most visible and significant ongoing protests in the western world. It began with Occupy Wall Street in September 2011 with the goal of curbing the corporate influence on government and the imbalance of wealth in the U.S. The issues the movement started with had little to do with technology or the Internet. Recently, the Occupy movement has turned to technical issues with the possibility of the imminent passage of the Stop Online Piracy Act, a bill in the U.S. House of Representatives containing many draconian provisions such as allowing the U.S. Government to shut down large swaths of the Internet on mere suspicion of allowing for the infringement of copyrights. This is strong evidence that technology is more important today to the real world than it has ever been in the past and that what goes on on the Internet is worth protecting with activism. As I've mentioned, Anonymous and the Occupy movement are very much intertwined. Anonymous symbols such as the Guy Fawkes Mask and the official unofficial Anonymous flag appear in virtually every Occupy-related venue. The two support each other in numerous ways. Anonymous takes direct action in support of the Occupy movement while the Occupy movement lends credibility to Anonymous which still struggles for legitimacy in the eyes of the populace. In December of 2010, protests began in Tunisia which eventually led to the fall of the oppressive Tunisian regime and the establishment of democratic elections. The revolutions spread beyond the country's borders to Egypt, Libya, Syria, and many other Arab nations. Throughout the uprisings, Facebook, Twitter, and other web services served to help the people organize, cell phone cameras recorded much of the events and retaliation from the dictators' regimes, and the Internet allowed the rest of the world to see on a much more grassroots level what exactly was happening. So helpful was the Internet to the rebellions that some dictators such as Muammar Gaddafi of Lybia opted to cut off that resource to the countries entirely. Anonymous, however, came to the rescue of some by subscribing in large numbers to cheap dial-up services and faxing the connection and authentication information to schools and other establishments in Libya, thus allowing them Internet access via the phone lines. It's certain that technology will play a much larger role in every aspect of life including activism in the future. There are dangers in technology, however. In some cases, technology may be used against the masses almost as effectively as it may be used by the masses. There are movements to reduce corporate, government, and other special interest influence on networks. But, it still pays to be careful who you trust.	182,268
15 May till 28 June 2020 French artist Laurent-David Garnier often works with scents, and evaporating and elusive materials, to create immersive compositions and sculptures. In SYB, Laurent-David will work with plants, and the matter of which they largely consist, cellulose. The plan Buddha’s hand is a citrus plant, which does not occur naturally in the Netherlands, but is imported. Buddha’s hand is not an edible fruit, and is often used in Buddhist rituals. The other plant is Flax (Linum sp.) which is known for its blue flowers and long stem. The plant is used for its multiple and durable fiber to produce linnen. This medicinal plant is also used in traditional medicine. The use and processing of flax is also inextricably linked to the countryside of northern Europe. In his project in SYB, titled USITATISSIMUMISSITATISU (based on the latin name of Flax), Laurent-David Garnier wants to investigate the significance of these plants, by highlighting the properties of cellulose, as well as its photonic structure. Cellulose can be transparent from one angle and not from another. As a result, objects change colour from different angles, an effect as elusive and transient as smell. About the artist Garnier was trained as a perfumer, worked as a senior perfumer in the perfume industry and then took a master’s degree in visual arts at the Sandberg Institute in Amsterdam. Since then, as a perfumer and as an artist, he has focused on the experience of the senses in relation to the visual arts, and especially on the smell. His work has been exhibited at the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, Kunsthalle Bremerhaven (DE), Singapore Peninsular (SG), de Appel, Amsterdam and Ausstellungsraum Klingental, Basel (CH). Due to corona-related travelling restrictions, Laurent-David Garnier’s residency at Kunsthuis SYB starts in his own studio. From June 1st it will be possible for him to travel to Beetsterzwaag, to finish his residency.	99,071
Book: A World Without Music by J. Conrad Guestcategories: Book, Post Traumatic Stress, Gulf War, Romance, Fatal Attraction, PTSD J. Conrad Guestabout this book: Since Sarah left, he'd been more and more prone to long and meaningless meanderings. He pulled the cork from the bottle of bourbon and took a long swallow of the honey-colored liquid, straight from the bottle. A moment later, he felt it warm his empty stomach. After taking a second hit, he turned his attention to the weapon on the table in front of him. Picking it up, he noted the coldness of its grip. "You know, Tom," he said to the emptiness of his morning, his enunciation still slurred courtesy of last night's Bookers. "I have you to thank for what my life has become. Sarah's gone, and I'm drinking more." To prove his point, he took another draw from the Bookers bottle. "All because you won't let me sleep at night. I did the right thing. What any good marine would've done. I brought you out of the desert. I made sure you got home, and this is the thanks I get. Eight years of you tormenting my sleep. You know, it's not my fault you never got to meet your baby daughter, or never again got to hold your wife, kiss her, make love to her." Reagan put the Glock into his mouth, surprising himself that he hadn't given it any thought beforehand. As if not thinking about it would make it easier for him to pull the trigger. What they're saying about A World Without Music: • "A World Without Music reads like a masterpiece of music, culture and life and is highly recommended." —Sheila Deeth, author of Divide by Zero "The seamless prose draws the reader from the horror and peril of combat to the agony of post-traumatic stress and despair. In A World Without Music, protagonist Reagan is a creature of the brutality of the real world, stripped of idealism and past, waiting for miracles, searching for the music that will make his life worth living." — Lazarus Barnhill, author of Lacey Took a Holiday preview: read a sample from this book what to read next: if you read and liked this book... Other books by J. Conrad Guest • Book Review: My Life with a Wounded Warrior - Essays by Pamela Foster by Pamela Foster\| • Book Review: The Final Salute by Kathleen M. Rodgers\| \|show list of all published reviews \| subscribe to the feed\| \|Home \| Contact \| Legal Notice \| Impressum\|\|Book Promotion \| Do you like askDavid.com? \| Boost Your Karma\|	57,022

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