id
stringlengths
32
32
question
stringlengths
12
164
answers
stringlengths
5
3.27k
65c11cf225198dd00a13ddd124c4c595
If you're lactose intolerant, what non-dairy foods can help you get calcium?
They include: Dark, leafy greens and vegetables like broccoli, spinach, and kale Salmon and tuna Beans and legumes Calcium-fortified soy milk and cheeses Almond milk Oranges You may also be able to eat yogurt that has active cultures.
9d39c279e3824b4267822305d320dfc1
How do low levels of lactase lead to symptoms of lactose intolerance?
Lactase, an enzyme in the small intestine, breaks down the sugar in dairy products. If your body doesn't make enough lactase, you may get diarrhea and an upset stomach when you eat or drink dairy products. You may have mild, moderate, or severe symptoms, depending on how much lactase your body makes.
7a4139a49ea6e9936ca928133a53757f
Which foods can lactose be found in besides dairy products?
Lactose may be found in foods you don't expect, including: Calcium-fortified breads Cereals and baked goods Powdered meal replacements Instant potatoes, soups, and breakfast drinks Pancake, biscuit, and cookie mixes Margarine Salad dressings Products labeled “non-dairy,” like whipped toppings and creamers, which may include milk-derived ingredients If you are lactose intolerant, the best way to avoid symptoms is to read food labels.
aa374caa9d10d4e3d037ad4c95486335
If you have lactose intolerance, what are the symptoms if you eat or drink dairy prodcuts?
Lactose intolerance symptoms include: Diarrhea Nausea Bloating Stomach cramps Gas But there are ways to manage lactose intolerance while still getting the nutrition of dairy foods.
c9b8da1f2b08b67365977b8ff9ab7ec6
Do medications contain lactose?
Steer clear of products with: Whey Curds Milk by-products Nonfat dry milk powder Dry milk solids Lactose also is found in more than 20% of prescription drugs and in some over-the-counter medicines. Birth control pills may contain lactose. Even things lactose-intolerant people may take for relief, such as tablets to reduce stomach acid and gas, can contain lactose. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if a medicine has lactose before you take it.
75f45da9f62445b8e0881307021a1323
What are risks of theanine?
It's not clear if using theanine supplements in the long-term is safe. Risks. We don't know if theanine is safe for children or for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
3b8b3607cdd978e388aca0abae353249
How does oral human papillomavirus (HPV) spread?
That's far fewer than the number who have the genital version, which is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the U. S. Scientists are still learning how oral HPV spreads. Only a few studies have looked into how people get infected. Many doctors suspect it's passed on through oral sex, but no one can say for sure. It's also uncertain if you can get the virus from deep " French" kissing. But it is clear that you can't get oral HPV from casual contact, like kissing on the cheek or sharing a drink with an infected person.
b1d316c46919acb2dbe5bdfc64e9656e
What are danger signs of asthma in children?
Increasing shortness of breath with decreased wheezing is especially dangerous because it means less air is moving in and out of the lungs. If any of these are present go to the emergency department or call 911.
b7970739f790672dd718f0e0b578017a
How do I know if my child's asthma is well controlled?
You know your child's asthma is well controlled if, with medication, your child: Lives an active, normal life Has few troublesome symptoms Attends school every day Performs daily activities without difficulty Has few urgent visits to the doctor, emergency room, or hospital for asthma Has few asthma drug side effects By learning about asthma and how it can be controlled, you take an important step toward managing your child's disease.
8cc4f95eaabe8e6b4e78edc53a6fa56b
What should you do if your child is showing symptoms of an asthma attack?
If your child is showing symptoms of an asthma attack: Give your child his/her reliever (bronchodilator) medicine according to the asthma action plan. Wait five to fifteen minutes. If the symptoms disappear, your child should be able to resume whatever activity he/she was doing. If symptoms persist, follow your child's asthma action plan for further therapy. If your child fails to improve or you are not sure what action to take, call your child's doctor.
8c9b3021b0d6f0c369e5e0866413187a
How can itching be psychological?
If your doctor can't find a physical cause, it may be in your mind. Some mental conditions give people the urge to scratch or pick at themselves. They may feel like their skin is crawling with something. There is no rash, but there may be skin damage from scratching. Compulsive scratching can be a sign of: Depression Anxiety Obsessive-compulsive disorder Psychosis Trichotillomania Learn more about skin picking disorder.
3a384f9a3c9a70cfc3ae5b50018e0d37
Can a rash cause my skin to be dry?
If you start scratching and find a rash, it's likely the problem is in your skin.
92bfa6d88a95f5546e2c76775219fba1
Do certain psychological disorders cause itchiness?
If your doctor can't find a physical cause, it may be in your mind. Some mental conditions give people the urge to scratch or pick at themselves. They may feel like their skin is crawling with something. There is no rash, but there may be skin damage from scratching. Compulsive scratching can be a sign of: Depression Anxiety Obsessive-compulsive disorder Psychosis Trichotillomania Learn more about skin picking disorder.
eab8311ad5d1f73d737e425bea232ca8
How can you tell if your skin is dry?
If your skin is dry, it will let you know with an itch. It can be especially bad in the winter and in places where the air is dry. As you get older, it becomes even more common.
6f1345304307e95197feee0f27e84a02
Does pregnancy cause itchiness?
Pregnancy: More than 1 in 10 pregnant women say itching is a problem. The reasons range from harmless rashes to more serious conditions.
1128ae9cd991da21750f095207c186e2
Does hives cause itchiness?
Hives: You get them from allergies. They look like raised welts that show up alone or in clusters, and they are usually itchy. Stress, heat, exercise, or exposure to the sun can also bring them out.
a424af9c10afdea7c84e75332ffd130a
Do fungal and bacterial infections cause a rash?
It can happen because of: Fungal and bacterial infections like impetigo and folliculitis.
e81f4084f515f0cb0891fc88274e13c2
Does eczema cause a rash?
Eczema or atopic dermatitis: It shows up on your skin as dry, scaly patches or a bumpy rash. It isn't clear what causes it, but it's extremely itchy. Kids are more likely to get it if their family has a history of asthma and allergies. Certain food allergies can make it worse.
61f0d9d2e8cf5fe28b983406a3be8d74
What medications cause itchiness?
Medications: Some may make your skin itch, even with no signs of a rash or irritation. Check with your doctor if the itch becomes too uncomfortable. These drugs are known to make you start scratching.
f0e907a678477666fbce6bcd1c0a382a
What can I do about dry skin?
If your skin is dry, it will let you know with an itch. It can be especially bad in the winter and in places where the air is dry. As you get older, it becomes even more common. To ease the itch of dry skin: Use moisturizer after you bathe while your skin is still damp. Drink lots of fluids to stay hydrated. Use a humidifier. Make your shower quick, and don't use very hot water. Use mild soaps.
512e98a4ebc5962e9a433ef872540cd9
Does contact dermatitis cause a rash?
Contact dermatitis: This itchy rash is caused by a reaction to something touching your skin. You may have to do some detective work to figure out where it's coming from. It could be the metals in your jewelry or the chemicals in cosmetics, toiletries, and cleaning products. Poison ivy is also a form of contact dermatitis. Stop using or wearing whatever you think might be the cause and see if the itching gets better.
cc30dca572d333be8f9aef6dfb99da71
What serious illnesses can itching be a symptom of?
Unlikely, but Possible Itchiness usually has a simple, common cause. But in some cases, if it doesn't go away, could be a sign of a serious illness, such as: Kidney disease Liver disease Thyroid problems Certain cancers, particularly Hodgkin's disease Diabetes Iron deficiency HIV You might also start itching after the treatments for some of these illnesses.
7e4f70fa270c9d6ab8e2e48cf635d02f
Why do I feel so itchy?
But it can also be a symptom of something more serious, like a rash or an illness. Start with the simplest solutions. Try a different fabric, take care of your skin, and avoid anything that seems to trigger the itch. If that doesn't help, ask your doctor, who will check on the cause and the treatment you need.
69a423e456c49abe5d7d2adcf9649a36
What are the unlikely causes of itchiness?
Unlikely, but Possible Itchiness usually has a simple, common cause. But in some cases, if it doesn't go away, could be a sign of a serious illness, such as: Kidney disease Liver disease Thyroid problems Certain cancers, particularly Hodgkin's disease Diabetes Iron deficiency HIV You might also start itching after the treatments for some of these illnesses. Kidney dialysis, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy have it as a side effect.
51b0c61f7f841b7bddbacc61ba622e01
Does psoriasis cause itchiness?
Psoriasis: It makes your body overproduce skin cells, which pile up in itchy, inflamed patches on the skin's surface. This is a result of an overactive immune system.
bd6f8645555d15074dd5ad20190f01e9
Do bugs cause a rash?
Bugs: When you get bitten by a mosquito or spider, you know it. Bites from bedbugs and mites can be harder to diagnose because they look like rashes. Lice can cause a crawling sensation in your scalp or pubic hair, along with an intense itch.
963b09aabc1716d436533856e4af526b
How can taking care of your skin help your sex life when you have psoriasis?
After sex, gently clean your genitals and sweaty skin, then put on your psoriasis medicine and moisturizer. Moisture is key to keeping your skin healthy. Look for face and body creams without alcohol, fragrance, or dyes to avoid irritation. Some people swear by natural oils like coconut or avocado. Apply them after your bath or shower while your skin is still damp, and whenever your skin feels dry. Don't be afraid to speak up about psoriasis symptoms, especially in the groin area, since your doctor might not ask. Treatment can help clear your skin and make you feel better and more comfortable with your body.
d8490e8a986f69cbb759758a4f738089
What are the signs of dehydration in my baby that will indicate diarrhea?
Call your baby's doctor if you notice these signs of dehydration in your infant: Peeing less often (fewer wet diapers) Acting fussy or irritable Dry mouth No tears when he cries Unusual drowsiness or sluggishness Sunken soft spot on the top of the baby's head Skin that isn't as elastic as usual (doesn't spring back when you gently pinch and release it) Also, call the doctor if your baby has diarrhea and is less than 6 months old or has these symptoms: Fever of 102 degrees or higher Belly pain Blood or pus in his poop, or poop that's black, white, or red Sluggishness Vomiting Doctors usually don't recommend over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medicines for children.
24eda8d06fe34d3c3628422f1b75894e
What are my doctor's recommendations for treating my baby's diarrhea?
Call your baby's doctor if you notice these signs of dehydration in your infant: Peeing less often (fewer wet diapers) Acting fussy or irritable Dry mouth No tears when he cries Unusual drowsiness or sluggishness Sunken soft spot on the top of the baby's head Skin that isn't as elastic as usual (doesn't spring back when you gently pinch and release it) Also, call the doctor if your baby has diarrhea and is less than 6 months old or has these symptoms: Fever of 102 degrees or higher Belly pain Blood or pus in his poop, or poop that's black, white, or red Sluggishness Vomiting Doctors usually don't recommend over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medicines for children. But your doc might prescribe an antibiotic for a bacterial infection or an anti-parasitic drug for a parasite infection. Babies with severe diarrhea who get dehydrated will need to go to a hospital to get fluids through an IV in their veins. The doctor might recommend that you give your baby an oral rehydration solution. These products, which you can buy at the supermarket or drug store, have fluids and electrolytes and can prevent or treat dehydration. If your child eats solid foods, the doctor might recommend switching to bland, starchy foods like strained bananas, applesauce, and rice cereal until the diarrhea stops. Mothers who are breastfeeding might need to adjust their own diet to avoid any foods that could trigger diarrhea in their babies.
57c91b625bb3b1ae89cd1627169efc17
How can I tell if my baby has diarrhea from its poop?
The poop is normally much softer than an adult's, and it's not uncommon for it to be even softer than usual sometimes. But if it suddenly gets much looser or more watery, and happens more often and in large amounts, it may be diarrhea.
0209babcf847e88a0d3628aaa28a21d6
What are common causes of diarrhea in babies?
A lot of things can cause the problem, including: An infection with a virus, bacteria, or parasite. Babies can pick up these germs through contact with unclean food or water or when they touch germy surfaces and then put their hands into their mouths. A food allergy or sensitivity to medicines Drinking too much fruit juice Poisoning Diarrhea makes the body lose too much water and minerals called electrolytes.
727d054118029735e421fc13e5743b9c
How do I prevent my baby's diarrhea from infecting anyone?
Babies with diarrhea should avoid eating anything that can make it worse, including: • Greasy foods • Foods that are high in fiber • Dairy products such as milk and cheese • Sweets such as cake, cookies, and soda Diarrhea that's caused by a viral or bacterial infection is very contagious. Wash your hands with warm water and soap every time you change your baby's diaper to prevent the infection from spreading. Keep the diaper-changing area clean and disinfected. Keep your child home from day care until he is completely recovered.
9b671ad42f2c7068059145a31472f951
What happens when a baby has diarrhea?
A food allergy or sensitivity to medicines Drinking too much fruit juice Poisoning Diarrhea makes the body lose too much water and minerals called electrolytes. That leads to dehydration. Babies can get dehydrated very quickly -- within a day or two after diarrhea starts -- and it can be very dangerous, especially in newborns.
b1ee505d167bd82aeabe261cd31052c2
What foods should I avoid feeding to my baby who has diarrhea?
Babies with diarrhea should avoid eating anything that can make it worse, including: • Greasy foods • Foods that are high in fiber • Dairy products such as milk and cheese • Sweets such as cake, cookies, and soda Diarrhea that's caused by a viral or bacterial infection is very contagious.
83bfba37b3c639837377d895ceef8542
Can I give my children nose drops?
Nose drops such as Afrin are approved by the FDA for children ages 6 and older. Neo- Synephrine is FDA-approved for kids ages 12 and older.
427b437af44f3bd968d5b7dd02396925
What should I give my child to drink if he/she has a cold?
When your child drinks extra fluids, it thins his mucus, which helps it to drain. Drinking can also ease his sore throat. Try a variety of fluids, such as warm water or tea with lemon and honey (for children over age 1), ice pops, or chicken soup.
1723e15082ec393ca3804e1639843f63
Is there anything I can do if my child has a cold?
There isn't a cure, but there's still a lot you can do to make your child feel better when he's in the grips of a sneezy, drippy, all-round miserable cold.
8218b748ef641046a1d226c478ea0e7f
What medicine should I give my child for fever and aches?
Painkillers like acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and naproxen can reduce a fever and relieve aches. Ask your doctor which type is right for your child. Make sure you don't give him aspirin, which can sometimes lead to a serious condition called Reye's syndrome.
31f9bbe45e1a546a9403b01f2dcfb1d1
Can I give my child over-the-counter cold medicines?
Many over-the-counter ( OTC) cold medicines have more than one ingredient, including some that your child may not need. And some may include a pain reliever, too. If you don't read labels carefully, you may give your child too much medicine. Always ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions about cold medicine for your child. Read the packaging label carefully before giving your child OTC medicine, especially if your child already takes medications.
79fc0ae260abd4f1303dfd691e627d52
How do I know the correct dose of cold medicine to give a child?
Follow dosing recommendations closely, especially with infants. Talk to your pediatrician before you give any over-the-counter medicine to a child under age 4.
6f7facf397af39e84e5dd2499ee2e4a7
How can I help my child blow their nose?
There's no better way to get rid of mucus. Nasal aspirators can help if your younger child can't blow his nose. Ask your pharmacist where to find them in the store. Choose one with a plastic tip and rubber bulb. These tend to have better suction and are less irritating than the larger, all-rubber style. Use the aspirator to suction each nostril eight to 10 times in a row. The mucus may come out like a string. If your child is stuffy and nothing is coming out, try three to four drops or sprays of salt water in each nostril. Wait 2 minutes, and then suction again.
cfead672f4dacf757f565cf80b6cd1c0
Can I give my children decongestant medicine?
Decongestants that your child takes by mouth include drugs such as pseudoephedrine. He may have side effects such as being hyper or trouble falling asleep, so don't give them at bedtime. Unfortunately, these medications rarely work for more than an hour or two.
c8807e7f7e16e6d8b23d13e7c9b2977d
Can I give my children salt-water nose drops and sprays?
Saltwater nose drops, gels, and sprays, which you can buy at a drugstore or supermarket, are just as effective as chemical decongestants. They can be used with a bulb suction in little ones to clear the nostrils, they don't have any side effects, and you can give them to young children. They can improve your child's stuffy nose. But don't use them for more than 2 to 3 days. If you do, it can make your child more congested.
016ab5d93a405847f6e984ab724b184e
What are symptoms of migraine headaches?
You may also notice: Moderate to severe pain (often described as pounding, throbbing pain) that can affect the whole head, or can shift from one side of the head to the other Sensitivity to light, noise or odors Blurred vision Nausea or vomiting, stomach upset, abdominal pain Loss of appetite Sensations of being very warm or cold Paleness Fatigue Dizziness Fever (rare) Bright flashing dots or lights, blind spots, wavy or jagged lines (aura) If you feel a steady pain in the area behind your face that gets worse if you bend forward -- and if you also have nasal congestion -- you may have a sinus headache.
9d9f9429dfa31c204e9eda39f5282524
What are the symptoms of chronic tension headaches?
Pain usually begins gradually, and often occurs in the middle of the day Pain may last from 30 minutes to several days Chronic Tension Headaches (occur more than 15 days per month) Pain may vary in intensity throughout the day, but the pain is almost always present Pain comes and goes over a prolonged period of time Associated Symptoms of Tension Headaches include: Headache upon awakening Difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep Chronic fatigue Irritability Disturbed concentration Mild sensitivity to light or noise General muscle aching With this type of headache, you'll probably notice: Intense pain on one side of your head.
f3eb765fb417d4a3bfc8d76613e13da8
What are symptoms of sinus headaches?
This type can lead to: Deep and constant pain in the cheekbones, forehead or bridge of the nose Pain that gets worse with sudden head movement or straining Pain along with other sinus symptoms, like nasal discharge, a feeling of fullness in the ears, fever, and facial swelling.
2d6bc5da05624c24dcbcde5ed12c7b6b
What are the symptoms of sinus headaches?
This type can lead to: Deep and constant pain in the cheekbones, forehead or bridge of the nose Pain that gets worse with sudden head movement or straining Pain along with other sinus symptoms, like nasal discharge, a feeling of fullness in the ears, fever, and facial swelling.
4bc44881dc87f8c09e91e1e06e857713
How are cold sores diagnosed?
!s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } To see if you have the herpes simplex virus ( HSV), which causes cold sores, your doctor may simply examine the cold sore or may take a culture from it. The doctor may also test blood for antibodies to the virus. A positive antibody test only proves that you have the virus; it does not indicate whether or not the virus is active or when you may have acquired it.
74c6bd6476aaa38e9bdf3d8313397e2b
What do breast cancer hormone receptor test results mean?
In the lab report, you may see one of these: A simple "positive" or "negative" description. If it says “positive,” that means your cancer is sensitive to hormones. If it says “negative,” it's not. The “positive” and “negative” don't mean better or worse -- it's just about the tumor. A percentage of cells out of 100 that have hormone receptors. A score of 0% means no cells have receptors. 100% means all cells have them. An " Allred score" between 0 and 8. This tells how many cells are HR-positive as well as their "intensity" (how well they show up in the lab tests). Labs use different cutoff points to tell if the cancer is HR-positive. Ask your doctor to explain what they mean for you.
aa41004a5d0c7765c0400d107adc46cd
What is hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer?
Compared with other types of breast cancer, hormone-receptor-positive ones, also called HR-positive, tend to: Grow more slowly Respond better to hormone therapy Have a better outlook (prognosis) In advanced cancer, your doctor will take a small part of the cancer that has spread to your lymph nodes, liver, or other areas of your body.
b48ab4cc69bd405fe1d0e64ed042a13c
What tests are done for breast cancer hormone receptors?
Compared with other types of breast cancer, hormone-receptor-positive ones, also called HR-positive, tend to: Grow more slowly Respond better to hormone therapy Have a better outlook (prognosis) In advanced cancer, your doctor will take a small part of the cancer that has spread to your lymph nodes, liver, or other areas of your body. She may use a very fine needle or get the tissue during surgery. Lab tests will show if the disease has hormone receptors. If you're taking hormones, you may need to stop before getting the test.
776897319394c3fb3f50673681dc660f
How does sarcoidosis usually progress?
Usually, patients who experience more generalized symptoms, such as weight loss and fatigue, develop a mild form of the disease. Patients suffering from shortness of breath and skin rashes may develop more chronic, severe sarcoidosis. Race also seems to play a role; Caucasians are more likely to develop a mild form of the disease, while African- Americans tend to develop the more chronic, severe form.
38bb4696e737452458a7bfe84ecb45bc
When should I call my doctor about sarcoidosis?
You have a cough that won't go away You develop a sudden, unexplained skin rash You experience sudden, unexplained weight loss You experience chronic fatigue or don't feel well
80277e9a2580a4303771f408e6035693
When should someone call their doctor after laser eye surgery?
If you have any questions, or if there's pain, a sudden decrease in vision, redness, or discharge from your eye, contact your doctor right away.
bdefbd53b03705687c93b40f5595ee16
How is my privacy protected regarding genetic testing for breast cancer?
This act also prevents insurance companies from using genetic information to determine that a health condition existed before application was made for insurance. In addition, many states have passed laws, or have legislation pending, addressing insurance concerns.
7d054090901f598ff55fc2e8dcfff22e
What happens during genetic testing for breast cancer?
A family pedigree is a chart that shows the genetic makeup of a person's ancestors, and is used to analyze inherited characteristics or diseases within a family. After outlining the family pedigree, a blood test will be performed to determine if you have a breast cancer gene. Keep in mind that the vast majority of breast cancer cases are not associated with a breast cancer gene. In addition, scientists do not know all of the genes that can cause breast cancer, so doctors can only test you for the known genes. When someone with a cancer diagnosis and a family history of the disease has been tested and found to have an altered BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, the family is said to have a "known mutation." If an association between the development of breast cancer and a breast cancer gene is made, then all family members willing to participate in genetic testing are asked to give a sample of blood. For many people, knowing their test results is important because this information may help to guide future health care decisions for themselves and their families.
e86b5c8338f7d6a136d7a23ab3086e15
What are my options if I have a "cancer gene"?
Women in high-risk categories (first-degree relative with breast cancer, prior abnormal breast biopsy results with atypical ductal hyperplasia or lobular hyperplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ) and carriers of the genes associated with breast cancer should consider starting regular breast cancer screening at age 25 or 10 years earlier than the age of the youngest person with breast cancer at the time of their diagnosis. Some women choose preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy to decrease the chances of developing breast cancer, although this doesn't offer complete protection. Another approach includes using the anti-estrogen drugs: Tamoxifen, useful in premenopausal and post-menopausal women Raloxifene ( Evista), used to treat osteoporosis; useful only in post-menopausal women Exemestane ( Aromasin), an aromatase inhibitor; useful only in post-menopausal women Genetic testing is not 100% accurate.
b378f4cbfdaf75b32ae80f62954cec11
What are some questions to consider about breast cancer and genetic testing?
Here are some questions to consider when thinking about genetic testing: Am I prepared to cope with the result? Are my family members also prepared, including my children and my spouse? What are my goals for testing? How would I use my test results? What will I do differently if the results are positive, or if they are negative? Whom will I share my results with? Would a positive test result change relationships with my family?
b22ed9642e6e61dcd2d7e44126ef6706
What are the benefits of genetic testing for breast cancer?
For some women, the benefits of genetic testing include the ability to make informed medical and lifestyle decisions while reducing the anxiety of not knowing their genetic background. Another benefit is the ability to make a proactive decision regarding prevention with both medications and prophylactic surgery. In addition, many women are able to participate in medical research that may in the long run decrease their risk of death from breast cancer.
9fb293286af060159346181f16799502
Should I be tested for genetic mutations of breast cancer?
You may want to discuss genetic testing with your doctor if any of the following scenarios apply to you: You have two or more blood relatives -- mother, sister, aunt, cousin, or daughter -- with premenopausal breast cancer or ovarian cancer diagnosed at any age. You have been diagnosed with breast cancer, especially if it was diagnosed before you reached menopause, and also have a blood relative with breast or ovarian cancer, or if you have cancer in both breasts. You have been diagnosed with ovarian cancer and you have blood relatives who have had ovarian or breast cancer. You are related to someone (male or female) who has a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. You are of Ashkenazi Jewish descent and you have blood relatives who have had breast or ovarian cancer, or you have had breast or ovarian cancer.
efee0f0a918af8274a3a662ef63473d7
What nonprescription meds help with back pain?
Ibuprofen ( Advil, Nuprin, Motrin) or naproxen ( Aleve) are excellent medications for the short-term treatment of low back pain. Because of the risk of ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding, talk with your doctor before using these medications, especially if you have any medical problems or take any other medicines. Acetaminophen can also be effective in relieving pain. Topical agents such as “deep heating rubs” may provide relief for some people. Some people seem to benefit from the use of ice or heat.
8c4ad79fbd0a92357d7fa9f06352103d
What are some basic tips for taking care of back pain at home?
General recommendations are to gradually increase your activity to tolerance as soon as possible. Bed rest is usually not advised for more than a day or two. Stretching or activities that place additional strain on the back are also discouraged.
595e839da0086b5f175725ac39659e40
Is bed rest good for caring for back pain?
Most experts agree that prolonged bed rest is associated with a longer recovery period. Further, people on bed rest are more likely to develop depression, blood clots in the legs, and decreased muscle tone. Very few experts recommend more than a 48-hour period of decreased activity or bed rest. In other words, get up and get moving to the extent you can.
c4a8310f02fd2fe6fda1f0592f8e34cb
What tests might your doctor want to use when checking for bladder issues?
Your bladder is filled with water, then you're asked to stand up and cough, or to walk to see if any urine leaks.
79ebeddc5f44358e22c30b8ec6945464
What are the most common bladder issues women face during and after menopause?
The most common ones women face during and after menopause are: Stress incontinence. You might lose a few drops of urine when you're coughing, sneezing, or laughing. Or you might notice leaking when you're lifting something heavy or doing something that puts pressure on your bladder. Urge incontinence. The need to pee comes on fast and unexpectedly. You might not make it to a bathroom in time. This is sometimes called an “irritable” or “overactive” bladder. Nocturia. Some women wake up several times in the middle of the night with an urge to pee. Painful urination. After menopause, women are more likely to have urinary tract infections ( UTIs). They can give you a burning sensation while peeing.
0fd42add1e879f0d2955de4e58844957
Should I listen to music to relieve stress if I have rheumatoid arthritis?
Slip on a pair of headphones for a few minutes. Play a song that gives you happy, soothing thoughts. Or listen to relaxing natural sounds, like ocean waves or a waterfall.
d71ee8b10dbc4c41caa76b68b0dc37c5
Should I relax my muscles to relieve stress if I have rheumatoid arthritis?
Slowly relax all the muscle groups in your body. Start with your feet and end with your head. First, tense the muscles for about 8 seconds. Then relax them, and feel the tension melt away.
b6d496f95c1b226119cc84241b032093
What is a valid option other than surgery for treating stage zero breast cancer?
There are three main treatment options: Lumpectomy only, a surgery that removes the abnormal cells and a little of the normal tissue near them Lumpectomy and radiation Mastectomy, a surgery that removes the entire breast Some experts believe “watchful waiting” is another valid option. About one third of the women with DCIS will get invasive cancer. Your doctor might suggest that you skip immediate treatment and keep a close eye on your condition instead. It's controversial. If you have surgery (and maybe radiation) right away, you might protect yourself from ever getting invasive cancer. Or you could end up going through painful procedures for no good reason. But if you skip surgery and radiation at first and choose to get more frequent screening tests, there's a chance you'll end up with cancer that's more advanced (and harder to treat) by the time doctors find it. It's a choice only you and your doctor can make.
cdb4042a2ba26d1fdf53a93cc9ec0bf1
What are the treatment options for stage zero breast cancer?
There are three main treatment options: Lumpectomy only, a surgery that removes the abnormal cells and a little of the normal tissue near them Lumpectomy and radiation Mastectomy, a surgery that removes the entire breast Some experts believe “watchful waiting” is another valid option.
b7e4e3513b86d94c78de55d7c5531e25
What are the types of stage zero breast cancer?
There are two types of stage 0 breast cancer: Noninvasive Paget's disease, a rare form of breast cancer in the nipple Ductal carcinoma in situ ( DCIS). This is what most people mean when they talk about stage 0 breast cancer. The abnormal cells are still in your milk ducts and haven't affected the fatty tissue that makes up most of your breast. There's no known cause, and most people don't have any symptoms, though you may notice a lump or bloody discharge from your nipple. The abnormal cells may or may not become invasive and start to spread. There's no way to predict if this will happen.
3281c6e21d808990fa9e1850b0645d23
What are some other chemicals that can cause popcorn lung?
Other chemicals that can cause popcorn lung include: Metal oxide fumes, a common byproduct of welding Formaldehyde, a cancer-causing chemical used in some glues and building materials Sulfur dioxide, a pollutant released by burning fossil fuels Ammonia Chlorine Nitrogen oxides Hydrochloric acid Sulfur mustard, a chemical weapon known as "mustard gas" Sometimes, bronchiolitis obliterans happens after you've had a serious illness that affects your lungs, for example some forms of pneumonia or bronchitis.
b178ecdbe1f2a44fd9c5af66b4cc0dc4
What is the purpose of lungs?
Your lungs are where your blood picks up oxygen before carrying it to cells in the rest of your body. When you breathe in, air flows into your lungs through your windpipe, or trachea. Your windpipe divides into two tubes called the bronchi, which lead to your left and right lungs.
9f78214582150892743a21bd4615d7e5
What happens when someone has popcorn lung?
When you have "popcorn lung," those tiny air passages get irritated and inflamed. That leads to scarring that makes them narrower. That makes it harder for you to get enough air.
e83008c3c7c4c2eb306c567323b0a4a4
When are other times someone could have bronchiolitis obliterans?
Other chemicals that can cause popcorn lung include: Metal oxide fumes, a common byproduct of welding Formaldehyde, a cancer-causing chemical used in some glues and building materials Sulfur dioxide, a pollutant released by burning fossil fuels Ammonia Chlorine Nitrogen oxides Hydrochloric acid Sulfur mustard, a chemical weapon known as "mustard gas" Sometimes, bronchiolitis obliterans happens after you've had a serious illness that affects your lungs, for example some forms of pneumonia or bronchitis. And some people who have rheumatoid arthritis can get popcorn lung as a side effect of that condition.
f33663102dd63801e01e4a548336353c
What are the main symptoms of popcorn lung?
The main symptoms of popcorn lung are a dry cough and shortness of breath. These show up between 2 weeks and 2 months after you've been around a toxic gas or had an illness. You're especially likely to have them when you're exercising or doing heavy labor. If you've had a lung transplant, it might take several years for symptoms to show up. If you feel tired without an obvious reason or wheeze when you don't have asthma or a cold, that also could be a symptom of bronchiolitis obliterans.
7aba755aefce432c212364cadb5fca7a
How often is the emergency stockpile of the smallpox vaccine used?
The variola virus causes it.
b6ee10b2243d16268f0e8801540730fd
What would happen if there were an outbreak of smallpox?
If an outbreak of smallpox were to happen, public health measures would likely include these steps: find and vaccinate infected people, vaccinate health care workers and others at risk of infection, isolate smallpox patients to keep them from spreading the disease, and give vaccinations for the public as needed to contain the outbreak.
b04c76a90550011f27d4c42628181e83
How can I prevent smallpox?
The vaccine prompts the body's immune system to make the tools, called antibodies, it needs to protect against the variola virus and help prevent smallpox disease.
d59020833969a54ea6f57f5857829a2c
How soon will I see symptoms of smallpox after I'm infected?
During this time, the person isn't contagious and can't spread the virus to others. An infected person is most contagious once they start having symptoms. He can spread smallpox to others until he is completely symptom-free.
8e8ec4c622f8855c7bf14864ee05b839
What causes smallpox?
The variola virus causes it. There are two forms of the virus. The more dangerous form, variola major, led to smallpox disease that killed about 30% of people who were infected. Variola minor caused a less deadly type that killed about 1% of those who got it.
350e9ae6d7145ffa800971925a619e91
What tests are used to diagnose allergic asthma?
These include: Smoke from tobacco, a fireplace, candles, incense, or fireworks Air pollution Cold air Exercise in cold air Strong chemical odors or fumes Perfumes, air fresheners, or other scented products Dusty rooms Your doctor can test you to see what causes your allergic asthma. The two most common (and recommended) methods are: Pricking your skin with a tiny amount of the allergen and measuring the size of the red bumps 20 minutes later A blood test known as a specific Ig E or s Ig E test To control your allergic asthma, you have to avoid breathing the allergens.
5519ab33d860bf554bb07bfd1d2caf3a
What is an allergy?
Your immune system's job is to protect you from bacteria and viruses. If you have allergies, though, part of your immune system works too hard. It may attack harmless substances -- like cat dander or pollen -- in your nose, lungs, eyes, and under your skin. When your body meets an allergen, it makes chemicals called Ig E antibodies. They cause the release of chemicals like histamine, which cause swelling and inflammation. This creates familiar symptoms like a runny nose, itchy eyes, and sneezing as your body tries to remove the allergen.
d100bf52d7d335247a7729bb1a44f8bc
Which irritants can trigger an asthma attack?
You're likely to: Cough Wheeze Be short of breath Breathe quickly Feel your chest get tight Allergens, small enough to be breathed deep into the lungs, include: Windblown pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds Mold spores and fragments Animal dander (from hair, skin, or feathers) and saliva Dust mite feces Cockroach feces Keep in mind that allergens aren't the only thing that can make your allergic asthma worse. Irritants may still trigger an asthma attack, even though they don't cause an allergic reaction. These include: Smoke from tobacco, a fireplace, candles, incense, or fireworks Air pollution Cold air Exercise in cold air Strong chemical odors or fumes Perfumes, air fresheners, or other scented products Dusty rooms Your doctor can test you to see what causes your allergic asthma.
47362f30aa9f5b849fca096a40e82265
What are common causes for allergic asthma?
You're likely to: Cough Wheeze Be short of breath Breathe quickly Feel your chest get tight Allergens, small enough to be breathed deep into the lungs, include: Windblown pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds Mold spores and fragments Animal dander (from hair, skin, or feathers) and saliva Dust mite feces Cockroach feces Keep in mind that allergens aren't the only thing that can make your allergic asthma worse.
126b2ed3f5c2166eab4ccda5a2bdb166
What is allergic asthma?
If you have allergic asthma, your airways are extra sensitive to certain allergens. Once they get into your body, your immune system overreacts. The muscles around your airways tighten. The airways become inflamed and over time are flooded with thick mucus.
778acb30cd3b0c1b91038de31eea5b04
How can corticosteroids help with lupus?
Lupus makes parts of your immune system overactive, so it attacks healthy tissue by mistake. Corticosteroids weaken this immune response. Your doctor may prescribe them if lupus causes problems in your heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, or blood vessels. Taken as a pill or IV, corticosteroids work fast to ease the swelling, warmth, and soreness in joints caused by inflammation. They can also prevent long-term organ damage.
5ff0439a0d5f39ff9b771a5fc03bea2f
How can anti-inflammatory drugs help with lupus?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can usually help you ease both of those problems. You can buy them without a prescription. Sometimes they can irritate your stomach, so take them with food or milk. Also be aware that using NSAIDs, especially at higher doses increase your risk for heart attack or stroke.
c10cb7c14513a74a9fb424cc3c7206f0
How can antimalarial drugs help with lupus?
They are used to treat skin rashes, mouth sores, and joint pain. They may also reduce your risk of blood clots, which is a concern in some people with lupus. Antimalarial drugs protect against skin damage from ultraviolet rays in sunlight and may protect your body against organ damage linked to lupus.
146c1a9853d2401008f0fd3bf5a90ba1
How do you treat lupus?
Treatment for lupus -- also known as systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE) -- depends on your symptoms and how severe they are. Treatment can help: Ease your symptoms Bring down inflammation Prevent and relieve flares Prevent organ damage and other health problems If you have lupus, you may have joint pain and swelling, especially in your fingers, wrists, or knees.
f97909b2fdd5c0f334c2a72479c81b2d
How can an occupational therapist help to treat multiple sclerosis spasticity?
If physical and occupational therapy don't help, your doctor may want you to try medications.
439273a2890524e46834a8c6c35103c4
What does occupational therapy treatment for MS-related spasticity entail?
If physical and occupational therapy don't help, your doctor may want you to try medications.
6b6b797ef0634d206b5d3567994e9f91
What can worsen MS-related spasticity?
The condition can get worse when it's too hot or cold, when you have an infection, or if you're wearing tight clothing.
abb41011538be4427fcb759e1f963ac2
What questions might the doctor ask to diagnose muscle sclerosis-related spasticity?
Physical therapy, medications, surgery, or a mix of these treatments can ease spasticity when you have MS. To decide the best way to help you, your doctors will think about your overall health, how severe your symptoms are, and: Does the condition keep you from doing everyday tasks? Are you in pain? Which treatments have you tried, and how well did they work? How much will it cost? What are the side effects? Will the benefits outweigh the risks?
95a841d82669c3c6c2b6d98483d86e7b
When are medications needed for multiple sclerosis spasticity?
If physical and occupational therapy don't help, your doctor may want you to try medications.
cf38bcaac990af717d18553cb416e948
When does surgery help for multiple sclerosis spasticity?
When other treatments don't work, there are two types of surgery that can treat spasticity. In one type, a surgeon cuts away part of the spinal nerve. The operation is called rhizotomy. The goal is to relieve pain or ease muscle tension. Tendon release, also called a tenotomy, is the second type. A surgeon cuts severely tight tendons away from the muscles. It may make spasticity happen less often and make it less severe, depending on how old you are. Over time, you may need to have the surgery again. These surgeries can help, but they're usually only for extreme cases of spasticity and are rarely performed in patients with MS..
cad2249b60c13a8b9d17f660251b9a3f
How can a physical therapist help to treat multiple sclerosis spasticity?
Most of the time, a physical therapist will start treating MS spasticity with a basic physical therapy stretching program. The goal is to lengthen your muscles to ease the condition.
db8c1fe8442b97b63234469c40ed151a
What is spasticity in multiple sclerosis?
It happens mostly in the muscles of the legs and arms, and it may keep you from moving your limbs freely. You might feel spasticity either as stiffness that doesn't go away or as movements you can't control that come and go, especially at night. It can feel like a muscle tightening, or it can be very painful. Spasticity also can make you ache or feel tight in and around your joints and low back. How you feel can vary depending on your position, posture, and how relaxed you are.
b2ea4c7c4bf693f0a1fd2d211c43a28d
What causes spasticity in multiple sclerosis?
Spasticity happens because of an imbalance in the electrical signals coming from the brain and spinal cord, often when multiple sclerosis has damaged the nerves there. This unevenness makes your muscles contract on their own and makes them tense. The condition can get worse when it's too hot or cold, when you have an infection, or if you're wearing tight clothing.
c2ce10b8598fead5ece6cdd89e340147
How is multiple sclerosis spasticity treated?
Physical therapy, medications, surgery, or a mix of these treatments can ease spasticity when you have MS. To decide the best way to help you, your doctors will think about your overall health, how severe your symptoms are, and: Does the condition keep you from doing everyday tasks? Are you in pain? Which treatments have you tried, and how well did they work? How much will it cost? What are the side effects? Will the benefits outweigh the risks?
ef9082666b3518f5ba501f48ff9c503f
What are the most common medications to treat muscle sclerosis-related spasticity?
The most common medications to treat the condition include the muscle relaxants baclofen ( Gablofen, Kemstro, Lioresal) and tizanidine ( Zanaflex). Another option is diazepam ( Valium), which can help you sleep if nighttime spasms keep you awake.