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Jeff Bhasker (born March 4, 1974) is an American record producer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist based in Los Angeles. He was awarded the Grammy Award for Producer of the Year in 2016 and nominated in 2013.
An accomplished producer, he came to prominence as one of the primary producers of Kanye West's influential 808s & Heartbreak and closely collaborated with West during the late 2000s on My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, Watch the Throne, his tours, and, later, Donda. In the following decade, Bhasker would go on to produce the albums Some Nights by Fun, Uptown Special with Mark Ronson, and Harry Styles' self-titled debut album, among other notable credits.
His accolades include Grammy Awards for the songs "Run This Town" by Jay-Z, "All of the Lights" by Kanye West, "We Are Young" by Fun., and "Uptown Funk" by Mark Ronson.
Early life
Bhasker was born in Kansas City, Kansas, and raised in Socorro, New Mexico. His American-born mother is a pianist and his Indian-born father, Ravi Bhasker, is a medical doctor who has served as Socorro's mayor for over 24 years. Bhasker was introduced to jazz by his mother and his piano teacher. He played in the jazz band at Socorro High School, where he graduated in 1993, and then studied jazz piano and arranging at Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts.
Career
Bhasker began his career gigging around Boston as a keyboardist and played in a wedding band. After playing with the 1970s-era R&B band Tavares, Bhasker moved to New York on September 11, 2001. He toured with the jam band Lettuce and began focusing more on songwriting. One of his first productions was with neo soul singer Goapele, on her album Closer (2001). Bhasker produced a song on rapper The Game's first album, The Documentary (2005).
Bhasker relocated to Los Angeles in 2005. He got a job doing demos for songwriter Diane Warren. He began writing with Bruno Mars, and songwriter and executive Steve Lindsey served as their mentor. He played cover songs in a band with Mars around Los Angeles.
Around 2007, Bhasker began his association with rapper/producer Kanye West. Initially serving as a substitute keyboardist on the recommendation of his friend and West's tour DJ A-Trak, West was impressed with his musical ability and hired him for West's Glow in the Dark Tour as his musical director. He was set to be the musical director for the cancelled Fame Kills: Starring Kanye West and Lady Gaga, before going on to be the music director of Lady Gaga's The Monster Ball Tour. Bhasker collaborated on West's albums 808s & Heartbreak, My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy and the Jay-Z/Kanye West collaboration album, Watch the Throne, including the songs "Welcome to Heartbreak". "Lift Off", and "Runaway". Bhasker received the Grammy Award for Best Rap Song for West's "All of the Lights", and the Jay-Z/Rihanna/Kanye West song "Run This Town". Bhasker and West reunited on "Come to Life" on 2021's Donda.
Following this period, Bhasker would go on to produce Fun's Some Nights (2012), Uptown Special (2015) with Mark Ronson, and Harry Styles' self-titled debut album (2017). Bhasker's collaborations span multiple genres, including his work with Alicia Keys, Mark Ronson, Kid Cudi, Cam, Taylor Swift, Harry Styles, Young Thug, and more.
Bhasker co-wrote and co-produced Mark Ronson's single "Uptown Funk", which earned him a 2016 Grammy Award for Record of the Year. Additionally, he received the 2016 Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical for his achievements in producing that year.
His RIAA multi-platinum selling records include Kanye West's "Love Lockdown", "Runaway", "Monster" and "Power", Jay-Z's "Run this Town", Drake's "Find Your Love", Fun's "We Are Young", "Some Nights" and "Carry On", Pink's "Just Give Me a Reason", Bruno Mars' "Talking to the Moon" and "Locked out of Heaven", Mark Ronson's "Uptown Funk", Rihanna's "Kiss it Better"and Harry Styles' "Sign of the Times".
Musical style
As a vocalist, Bhasker has used the alias Billy Kraven (last name credited as Craven in the interview and in the record). He explained his reasons in a interview with GQ:
When speaking on the Billy Kraven's pseudonym in 2013, he said "I just thought it was a cooler sounding name, and I was making these kind of dark pop songs that suited it. It's kinda like Billy Joel meets Wes Craven."
Discography
Awards and nominations
Grammy Awards
Filmography
A Man Named Scott (2021) – Himself
References
American hip hop record producers
American hip hop singers
American male singers
American male musicians of Indian descent
American musicians of Indian descent
APRA Award winners
Berklee College of Music alumni
GOOD Music artists
Grammy Award winners for rap music
Living people
People from Socorro, New Mexico
Songwriters from New Mexico
21st-century American keyboardists
21st-century American musicians
21st-century American male musicians
1974 births
American male songwriters
|
Thunder Knoll is a reef knoll about 18 km in extent and composed of coral sand. It lies approximately 6 km west of the north part of Rosalind Bank. Depths over this bank range from 11 to 27 m.
External links
Sailing Directions, Caribbean Sea, Vol. II
Landforms of the Caribbean
Geography of the Caribbean
|
Punjab women's cricket team may refer to:
Punjab women's cricket team (India)
Punjab women's cricket team (Pakistan)
|
```python
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import hypothesis.strategies as st
from caffe2.python import core, workspace
from hypothesis import given
import caffe2.python.hypothesis_test_util as hu
import bisect
import numpy as np
class TestBisectPercentileOp(hu.HypothesisTestCase):
def compare_reference(
self,
raw_data,
pct_raw_data,
pct_mapping,
pct_upper,
pct_lower,
lengths,
):
def bisect_percentile_op_ref(
raw_data,
pct_raw_data,
pct_mapping,
pct_lower,
pct_upper,
lengths
):
results = np.zeros_like(raw_data)
indices = [0]
for j in range(len(lengths)):
indices.append(indices[j] + lengths[j])
for i in range(len(raw_data)):
for j in range(len(raw_data[0])):
start = indices[j]
end = indices[j + 1]
val = raw_data[i][j]
pct_raw_data_i = pct_raw_data[start:end]
pct_lower_i = pct_lower[start:end]
pct_upper_i = pct_upper[start:end]
pct_mapping_i = pct_mapping[start:end]
# Corner cases
if val < pct_raw_data_i[0]:
results[i][j] = 0
continue
if val > pct_raw_data_i[-1]:
results[i][j] = 1.
continue
# interpolation
k = bisect.bisect_left(pct_raw_data_i, val)
if pct_raw_data_i[k] == val:
results[i][j] = pct_mapping_i[k]
else:
k = k - 1
slope = ((pct_lower_i[k + 1] - pct_upper_i[k])
/ (pct_raw_data_i[k + 1] - pct_raw_data_i[k]))
results[i][j] = pct_upper_i[k] + \
slope * (val - pct_raw_data_i[k])
return results
workspace.ResetWorkspace()
workspace.FeedBlob("raw_data", raw_data)
op = core.CreateOperator(
"BisectPercentile",
["raw_data"],
["pct_output"],
percentile_raw=pct_raw_data,
percentile_mapping=pct_mapping,
percentile_lower=pct_lower,
percentile_upper=pct_upper,
lengths=lengths
)
workspace.RunOperatorOnce(op)
expected_output = bisect_percentile_op_ref(
raw_data,
pct_raw_data,
pct_mapping,
pct_lower,
pct_upper,
lengths
)
output = workspace.blobs['pct_output']
np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(output, expected_output)
def test_bisect_percentil_op_simple(self):
raw_data = np.array([
[1, 1],
[2, 2],
[3, 3],
[3, 1],
[9, 10],
[1.5, 5],
[1.32, 2.4],
[2.9, 5.7],
[-1, -1],
[3, 7]
], dtype=np.float32)
pct_raw_data = np.array([1, 2, 3, 2, 7], dtype=np.float32)
pct_lower = np.array([0.1, 0.2, 0.9, 0.1, 0.5], dtype=np.float32)
pct_upper = np.array([0.1, 0.8, 1.0, 0.4, 1.0], dtype=np.float32)
pct_mapping = np.array([0.1, 0.5, 0.95, 0.25, 0.75], dtype=np.float32)
lengths = np.array([3, 2], dtype=np.int32)
self.compare_reference(
raw_data, pct_raw_data, pct_mapping, pct_lower, pct_upper, lengths)
@given(
N=st.integers(min_value=20, max_value=100),
lengths=st.lists(
elements=st.integers(min_value=2, max_value=10),
min_size=2,
max_size=5,
),
max_value=st.integers(min_value=100, max_value=1000),
discrete=st.booleans(),
p=st.floats(min_value=0, max_value=0.9),
**hu.gcs_cpu_only
)
def test_bisect_percentil_op_large(
self, N, lengths, max_value, discrete, p, gc, dc
):
lengths = np.array(lengths, dtype=np.int32)
D = len(lengths)
if discrete:
raw_data = np.random.randint(0, max_value, size=(N, D))
else:
raw_data = np.random.randn(N, D)
# To generate valid pct_lower and pct_upper
pct_lower = []
pct_upper = []
pct_raw_data = []
for i in range(D):
pct_lower_val = 0.
pct_upper_val = 0.
pct_lower_cur = []
pct_upper_cur = []
# There is no duplicated values in pct_raw_data
if discrete:
pct_raw_data_cur = np.random.choice(
np.arange(max_value), size=lengths[i], replace=False)
else:
pct_raw_data_cur = np.random.randn(lengths[i])
while len(set(pct_raw_data_cur)) < lengths[i]:
pct_raw_data_cur = np.random.randn(lengths[i])
pct_raw_data_cur = np.sort(pct_raw_data_cur)
for _ in range(lengths[i]):
pct_lower_val = pct_upper_val + 0.01
pct_lower_cur.append(pct_lower_val)
pct_upper_val = pct_lower_val + \
0.01 * np.random.randint(1, 20) * (np.random.uniform() < p)
pct_upper_cur.append(pct_upper_val)
# normalization
pct_lower_cur = np.array(pct_lower_cur, np.float32) / pct_upper_val
pct_upper_cur = np.array(pct_upper_cur, np.float32) / pct_upper_val
pct_lower.extend(pct_lower_cur)
pct_upper.extend(pct_upper_cur)
pct_raw_data.extend(pct_raw_data_cur)
pct_lower = np.array(pct_lower, dtype=np.float32)
pct_upper = np.array(pct_upper, dtype=np.float32)
pct_mapping = (pct_lower + pct_upper) / 2.
raw_data = np.array(raw_data, dtype=np.float32)
pct_raw_data = np.array(pct_raw_data, dtype=np.float32)
self.compare_reference(
raw_data, pct_raw_data, pct_mapping, pct_lower, pct_upper, lengths)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import unittest
unittest.main()
```
|
Apicella is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Enzo Apicella (1922–2018), Italian-born British artist, cartoonist, designer and restaurateur
Marco Apicella, Italian racing driver
Lucia Apicella, Italian philanthropist
Manuel Apicella, French chess grandmaster
Lorenzo Apicella, Italian architect
|
Manius Aquillius may refer to:
Manius Aquillius (consul 129 BC), Roman consul in 129 BC
Manius Aquillius (consul 101 BC) (died 88 BC), possibly son of the previous, Roman consul in 101 BC
|
```c++
/// Source : path_to_url
/// Author : liuyubobobo
/// Time : 2020-04-11
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
/// Memory Search
/// Time Complexity: O(nlogn + n^2)
/// Space Complexity: O(n^2)
class Solution {
public:
int maxSatisfaction(vector<int>& satisfaction) {
sort(satisfaction.begin(), satisfaction.end());
int n = satisfaction.size();
vector<vector<int>> dp(n, vector<int>(n + 1, INT_MIN));
return max(0, dfs(satisfaction, 0, 1, dp));
}
private:
int dfs(const vector<int>& v, int index, int t, vector<vector<int>>& dp){
if(index == v.size()) return 0;
if(dp[index][t] != INT_MIN) return dp[index][t];
return dp[index][t] = max(t * v[index] + dfs(v, index + 1, t + 1, dp),
dfs(v, index + 1, t, dp));
}
};
int main() {
vector<int> nums1 = {-1,-8,0,5,-9};
cout << Solution().maxSatisfaction(nums1) << endl;
return 0;
}
```
|
```swift
import Foundation
/// RequestFilter supporting asynchronous resumption.
public protocol AsyncRequestFilter: RequestFilter {
/// Called by the filter manager once to initialize the filter callbacks that the filter should
/// use.
///
/// - parameter callbacks: The callbacks for this filter to use to interact with the chain.
func setRequestFilterCallbacks(_ callbacks: RequestFilterCallbacks)
/// Invoked explicitly in response to an asynchronous `resumeRequest()` callback when filter
/// iteration has been stopped. The parameters passed to this invocation will be a snapshot
/// of any stream state that has not yet been forwarded along the filter chain.
///
/// As with other filter invocations, this will be called on Envoy's main thread, and thus
/// no additional synchronization is required between this and other invocations.
///
/// - parameter headers: Headers, if `stopIteration` was returned from `onRequestHeaders`.
/// - parameter data: Any data that has been buffered where `stopIterationAndBuffer` was
/// returned.
/// - parameter trailers: Trailers, if `stopIteration` was returned from `onRequestTrailers`.
/// - parameter endStream: True, if the stream ended with the previous (and thus, last)
/// invocation.
/// - parameter streamIntel: Internal HTTP stream metrics, context, and other details.
///
/// - returns: The resumption status including any HTTP entities that will be forwarded.
func onResumeRequest(
headers: RequestHeaders?,
data: Data?,
trailers: RequestTrailers?,
endStream: Bool,
streamIntel: StreamIntel
) -> FilterResumeStatus<RequestHeaders, RequestTrailers>
}
```
|
```javascript
// TODO-APP: remove after fixing filtering static flight data
export const revalidate = 0
export default function Root({ one, two }) {
return (
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello</title>
</head>
<body>
{one}
{two}
</body>
</html>
)
}
```
|
```haskell
{-
From: Wolfgang Drotschmann <drotschm@athene.informatik.uni-bonn.de>
Resent-Date: Thu, 15 May 1997 17:23:09 +0100
I'm still using the old ghc-2.01. In one program I ran into a problem
I couldn't fix. But I played around with it, I found a small little
script which reproduces it very well:
panic! (the `impossible' happened):
tlist
-}
module TcFail where
type State = ([Int] Bool)
```
|
```javascript
'use strict';
require('../common');
describe('Prompt', function () {
// TODO: this does not test the prompt() fallback, since that isn't available
// in nodejs -> replace the prompt in the "page" template with a modal
describe('requestPassword & getPassword', function () {
this.timeout(30000);
jsc.property(
'returns the password fed into the dialog',
'string',
function (password) {
password = password.replace(/\r+/g, '');
var clean = jsdom('', {url: 'ftp://example.com/?0000000000000000'});
$('body').html(
'<div id="passwordmodal" class="modal fade" role="dialog">' +
'<div class="modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content">' +
'<div class="modal-body"><form id="passwordform" role="form">' +
'<div class="form-group"><input id="passworddecrypt" ' +
'type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter ' +
'password"></div><button type="submit">Decrypt</button>' +
'</form></div></div></div></div>'
);
$.PrivateBin.Model.reset();
$.PrivateBin.Model.init();
$.PrivateBin.Prompt.init();
$.PrivateBin.Prompt.requestPassword();
$('#passworddecrypt').val(password);
// TODO triggers error messages in current jsDOM version, find better solution
//$('#passwordform').submit();
//var result = $.PrivateBin.Prompt.getPassword();
var result = $('#passworddecrypt').val();
$.PrivateBin.Model.reset();
clean();
return result === password;
}
);
});
});
```
|
```objective-c
//
//
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.
//
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "UINavigationController+SwipeBack.h"
void __swipeback_swizzle(Class cls, SEL originalSelector) {
NSString *originalName = NSStringFromSelector(originalSelector);
NSString *alternativeName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"swizzled_%@", originalName];
SEL alternativeSelector = NSSelectorFromString(alternativeName);
Method originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(cls, originalSelector);
Method alternativeMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(cls, alternativeSelector);
class_addMethod(cls,
originalSelector,
class_getMethodImplementation(cls, originalSelector),
method_getTypeEncoding(originalMethod));
class_addMethod(cls,
alternativeSelector,
class_getMethodImplementation(cls, alternativeSelector),
method_getTypeEncoding(alternativeMethod));
method_exchangeImplementations(class_getInstanceMethod(cls, originalSelector),
class_getInstanceMethod(cls, alternativeSelector));
}
@implementation UINavigationController (SwipeBack)
+ (void)load
{
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
__swipeback_swizzle(self, @selector(viewDidLoad));
__swipeback_swizzle(self, @selector(pushViewController:animated:));
});
}
- (void)swizzled_viewDidLoad
{
[self swizzled_viewDidLoad];
self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.delegate = self.swipeBackEnabled ? self : nil;
}
- (void)swizzled_pushViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated
{
[self swizzled_pushViewController:viewController animated:animated];
self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.enabled = NO;
}
#pragma mark - UIGestureRecognizerDelegate
/**
* Prevent `interactiveGestureRecognizer` from canceling navigation button's touch event. (patch for #2)
*/
- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldReceiveTouch:(UITouch *)touch
{
if ([touch.view isKindOfClass:[UIButton class]] && [touch.view isDescendantOfView:self.navigationBar]) {
UIButton *button = (id)touch.view;
button.highlighted = YES;
}
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer
{
// patch for #3
if (self.viewControllers.count <= 1 || !self.swipeBackEnabled) {
return NO;
}
CGPoint location = [gestureRecognizer locationInView:self.navigationBar];
UIView *view = [self.navigationBar hitTest:location withEvent:nil];
if ([view isKindOfClass:[UIButton class]] && [view isDescendantOfView:self.navigationBar]) {
UIButton *button = (id)view;
button.highlighted = NO;
}
return YES;
}
#pragma mark - swipeBackEnabled
- (BOOL)swipeBackEnabled
{
NSNumber *enabled = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(swipeBackEnabled));
if (enabled == nil) {
return YES; // default value
}
return enabled.boolValue;
}
- (void)setSwipeBackEnabled:(BOOL)enabled
{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(swipeBackEnabled), @(enabled), OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
}
@end
```
|
```javascript
"use strict";
throw new SyntaxError("THIS ERROR MESSAGE MUST COME FROM THIS syntax-error.js FILE");
```
|
```xml
<resources>
<!--Sections-->
<string name="modules">Modullar</string>
<string name="superuser">Super stifadi</string>
<string name="logs">Qeydlr</string>
<string name="settings">Ayarlar</string>
<string name="install">Quradr</string>
<string name="section_home">sas Shif</string>
<string name="section_theme">Mvzular</string>
<string name="denylist">Rddedilnlr siyahs</string>
<!--Home-->
<string name="no_connection">Balant yoxdur</string>
<string name="app_changelog">Dyiikliklr</string>
<string name="loading">Yklnir</string>
<string name="update">Yenil</string>
<string name="not_available">Ykl deyil</string>
<string name="hide">Gizl</string>
<string name="home_package">Paket</string>
<string name="home_app_title">Ttbiq</string>
<string name="home_notice_content">Magiski YALNIZ rsmi GitHub shifsindn endirin. Bilinmyn mnblrdki fayllar zrrli ola bilr!</string>
<string name="home_support_title">Biz Dstk ol</string>
<string name="home_follow_title">Bizi zlyin</string>
<string name="home_item_source">Mnb</string>
<string name="home_support_content">Magisk pulsuzdur v hmi bel qalacaq. Amma istsn biz dstk ola bilrsn.</string>
<string name="home_installed_version">Qurulan</string>
<string name="home_latest_version">n son versiya</string>
<string name="invalid_update_channel">Kersiz yenilm kanal</string>
<string name="uninstall_magisk_title">Magisk\'i sil</string>
<string name="uninstall_magisk_msg">Btn modullar lv olunacaq/silinck. Root silinck, v gr hal-hazrda deyils, btn mlumatlarnz potensiyal olaraq ifrlnck.</string>
<!--Install-->
<string name="keep_force_encryption">Zorla ifrlmni saxla</string>
<string name="keep_dm_verity">AVB 2.0/dm-verity saxla</string>
<string name="recovery_mode">Xilasetm Modu</string>
<string name="install_options_title">Ayarlar</string>
<string name="install_method_title">Metod</string>
<string name="install_next">Nvbti</string>
<string name="install_start">Balat</string>
<string name="manager_download_install">Endirmk v quradrmaq n bas</string>
<string name="direct_install">Birbaa Quradr (Tvsiyy olunur)</string>
<string name="install_inactive_slot">Aktiv olmayan Slot\'a quradr (OTA\'dan sonra)</string>
<string name="install_inactive_slot_msg">Cihaznz yenidn baladqdan sonra aktiv olmayan slotda balamaa MCBUR edilck!\nBu seimi ancaq OTA bitdikdn sonra ttbiq edin.\nDavam edilsin?</string>
<string name="setup_title">lav Sazlamalar</string>
<string name="select_patch_file">Fayl se v yamaqla</string>
<string name="patch_file_msg">(*.img) yaxud ODIN (*.tar) se</string>
<string name="reboot_delay_toast">5 saniyy yenidn balayacaq</string>
<string name="flash_screen_title">Quradrlma</string>
<!--Superuser-->
<string name="su_request_title">Super stifadi cazsi</string>
<string name="touch_filtered_warning">Hanssa ttbiq Super stifadi icazsini pozduuna gr, Magisk gstriinizi yerin yetir bilmir</string>
<string name="deny">mtina et</string>
<string name="prompt">stk</string>
<string name="grant">caz ver</string>
<string name="su_warning">Bu ttbiq tam slahiyyt verck.\nmin deyilsns imtina et!</string>
<string name="forever">Hmi</string>
<string name="once">1 dflik</string>
<string name="tenmin">10 dqiqlik</string>
<string name="twentymin">20 dqiqlik</string>
<string name="thirtymin">30 dqiqlik</string>
<string name="sixtymin">60 dqiqlik</string>
<string name="su_allow_toast">%1$s Super stifadi icazsi ald</string>
<string name="su_deny_toast">%1$s Super stifadi icazsi ala bilmdi</string>
<string name="su_snack_grant">%1$s n Super stifadi haqlar verilib</string>
<string name="su_snack_deny">%1$s n Super stifadi haqlar verilmyib</string>
<string name="su_snack_notif_on">%1$s n bildirilr aqdr</string>
<string name="su_snack_notif_off">%1$s n bildirilr qapaldr</string>
<string name="su_snack_log_on">%1$s qeydlri aqdr</string>
<string name="su_snack_log_off">%1$s qeydlri qapaldr</string>
<string name="su_revoke_title">Sil</string>
<string name="su_revoke_msg">%1$s n Super stifadi haqlarnn silinmsini tsdiql</string>
<string name="toast">Tost</string>
<string name="none">Hebiri</string>
<string name="superuser_toggle_notification">bildirilr</string>
<string name="superuser_toggle_revoke">Sil</string>
<string name="superuser_policy_none">Hl hebir ttbiq Super stifadi icazsi istmyib.</string>
<!--Logs-->
<string name="log_data_none">Qeyd yoxdur, root icazli ttbiqlrdn daha ox istifad edin</string>
<string name="log_data_magisk_none">Qribdir, Magisk qeydlri bodur</string>
<string name="menuSaveLog">Qeydlri saxla</string>
<string name="menuClearLog">Qeydlri sil</string>
<string name="logs_cleared">Qeydlr silindi</string>
<string name="pid">PID: %1$d</string>
<string name="target_uid">Hdf UID: %1$d</string>
<string name="selinux_context">SELinux kontenti: %s</string>
<string name="supp_group">lav grup: %s</string>
<!--SafetyNet-->
<!--MagiskHide-->
<string name="show_system_app">Sistem ttbiqlrini gstr</string>
<string name="show_os_app">mliyyat sistemi ttbiqlrini gstr</string>
<string name="hide_filter_hint">Adla srala</string>
<string name="hide_search">Axtar</string>
<!--Module-->
<string name="no_info_provided">(Mlumat verilmyib)</string>
<string name="reboot_userspace">Yumuaq yenidn balat</string>
<string name="reboot_recovery">Xilasetm modunda yenidn balat</string>
<string name="reboot_bootloader">nyklyici modunda yenidn balat</string>
<string name="reboot_download">Yklm modunda yenidn balat</string>
<string name="reboot_edl">EDL modunda yenidn balat</string>
<string name="module_version_author">%2$s trfindn %1$s buraxl</string>
<string name="module_state_remove">Sil</string>
<string name="module_state_restore">Brpa et</string>
<string name="module_action_install_external">Yaddadan ykl</string>
<string name="update_available">Yenilm Mvcuddur</string>
<string name="suspend_text_riru">%1$s aq olduundan Magisk modulu dayandrld</string>
<string name="suspend_text_zygisk">%1$s qapal olduu n Magisk modulu dayandrld</string>
<string name="zygisk_module_unloaded">Zygisk modulu uyunsuzluq sbbindn almad</string>
<string name="module_empty">Ykl modul yoxdur</string>
<string name="confirm_install">%1$s modulu yklnsin?</string>
<string name="confirm_install_title">Yklm Tsdiqi</string>
<!--Settings-->
<string name="settings_dark_mode_title">Mvzu Modu</string>
<string name="settings_dark_mode_message">Zvqnz uyun modu sein!</string>
<string name="settings_dark_mode_light">Hmi Aq</string>
<string name="settings_dark_mode_system">Sistem Uyun</string>
<string name="settings_dark_mode_dark">Hmi Qaranlq</string>
<string name="settings_download_path_title">Endirm yolu</string>
<string name="settings_download_path_message">Fayllar %1$s\'a yerldirilck</string>
<string name="settings_hide_app_title">Magisk ttbiqini gizlt</string>
<string name="settings_hide_app_summary">Tsadfi paket ID\'si il proxy ykl v zl ttbiq ad yaz</string>
<string name="settings_restore_app_title">Magisk ttbiqini brpa et</string>
<string name="settings_restore_app_summary">Ttbiqi z xar v orijinal APKn brpa et</string>
<string name="language">Dil</string>
<string name="system_default">(Sistem Dili)</string>
<string name="settings_check_update_title">Yenilmni Yoxla</string>
<string name="settings_check_update_summary">Vaxtar arxaplanda yenilmlri yoxla</string>
<string name="settings_update_channel_title">Yenilm Kanal</string>
<string name="settings_update_stable">Sabit</string>
<string name="settings_update_beta">Beta</string>
<string name="settings_update_custom">zl</string>
<string name="settings_update_custom_msg">zl kanal URL\'si daxil et</string>
<string name="settings_zygisk_summary">Magiskin bzi hisslrini zygote daemonda a</string>
<string name="settings_denylist_title">stisnalar Mcbur lt</string>
<string name="settings_denylist_summary">stisnalar siyahsndak proseslr Magisk lavlrini trsin evirck</string>
<string name="settings_denylist_config_title">stisnalar Ayarla</string>
<string name="settings_denylist_config_summary">stisnalara yerldirilck prosesi sein</string>
<string name="settings_hosts_title">Sistemsiz hostlar</string>
<string name="settings_hosts_summary">Reklam ngllyici ttbiqlr n host fayllar</string>
<string name="settings_hosts_toast">Sistemsiz hostlarn lavsi quruldu</string>
<string name="settings_app_name_hint">Yeni Ad</string>
<string name="settings_app_name_helper">Ttbiq bu adla yenidn paketlnck</string>
<string name="settings_app_name_error">Kersiz Format</string>
<string name="settings_su_app_adb">Ttbiqlr v ADB</string>
<string name="settings_su_app">Yalmz Ttbiqlr</string>
<string name="settings_su_adb">Yalnz ADB</string>
<string name="settings_su_disable">He Biri</string>
<string name="settings_su_request_10">10 saniy</string>
<string name="settings_su_request_15">15 saniy</string>
<string name="settings_su_request_20">20 saniy</string>
<string name="settings_su_request_30">30 saniy</string>
<string name="settings_su_request_45">45 saniy</string>
<string name="settings_su_request_60">60 saniy</string>
<string name="superuser_access">Super istifadi cazsi</string>
<string name="auto_response">Avtomatik Cavab</string>
<string name="request_timeout">stk Vaxtam</string>
<string name="superuser_notification">Super stifadi Bildirii</string>
<string name="settings_su_reauth_title">Yksltdikdn sonra yenidn slahiytlndir</string>
<string name="settings_su_reauth_summary">Ttbiqlri yksltdikdn sonra Super stifadi icazsi ist</string>
<string name="settings_su_tapjack_title">Saxta Ekran (Tapjacking) Qorumas</string>
<string name="settings_su_tapjack_summary">Super stifadi icaz pncrsi digr pncrlr trfindn ngllndikd hebir giri cavab vermyck</string>
<string name="settings_customization">zlldirm</string>
<string name="setting_add_shortcut_summary">Ttbiqi gizltdikdn sonra tapmaq tin olmasn dey ana ekrana qsayol lav et</string>
<string name="settings_doh_title">HTTPS zrindn DNS</string>
<string name="settings_doh_description">Bzi lklrd DNS problemlrini hll edir</string>
<string name="multiuser_mode">ox istifadi Modu</string>
<string name="settings_owner_only">Yalnz Cihazn Sahibi</string>
<string name="settings_owner_manage">Cihaz Sahibinin darsind</string>
<string name="settings_user_independent">stifadidn Qeyri-Asl</string>
<string name="owner_only_summary">Yalnz cihaz sahibind root icazsi var</string>
<string name="owner_manage_summary">Yalnz cihaz sahibind root icazsi ver yaxud isty bilr</string>
<string name="user_independent_summary">Hr istifadinin z root icazsi var</string>
<string name="mount_namespace_mode">Adlarfzas modunu qo</string>
<string name="settings_ns_global">Beynlxalq Adlarfzas</string>
<string name="settings_ns_requester">Adlarfzas Daxil et</string>
<string name="settings_ns_isolate">Tklnmi Adlarfzas</string>
<string name="global_summary">Btn kk girilri beynlxaq adlarfzas ildck</string>
<string name="requester_summary">Btn kk girilri z adlarfzalarndan icaz alacaq</string>
<string name="isolate_summary">Hr kk giri n ayrca kk adlarfzas olacaq</string>
<!--Notifications-->
<string name="update_channel">Magisk Yenilmlri</string>
<string name="progress_channel">rlilm Bildirilri</string>
<string name="updated_channel">Yenilm Bitdi</string>
<string name="download_complete">Endirm Bitdi</string>
<string name="download_file_error">Fayl endirmk mnkn olmad</string>
<string name="magisk_update_title">Magisk Yenilmsi Var!</string>
<string name="updated_title">Magisk Yenilndi</string>
<string name="updated_text">Ttbiqi amaq n toxun</string>
<!--Toasts, Dialogs-->
<string name="yes">Mvcud</string>
<string name="no">Mvcud Deyil</string>
<string name="repo_install_title">Quradr %1$s %2$s(%3$d)</string>
<string name="download">Endir</string>
<string name="reboot">Yenidn balat</string>
<string name="release_notes">Yeniliklr</string>
<string name="flashing">Flashlanr...</string>
<string name="done">Bitdi!</string>
<string name="failure">Alnmad!</string>
<string name="hide_app_title">Magisk ttbiqi gizldilir</string>
<string name="open_link_failed_toast">Keidi aaaq ttbiq yoxdur</string>
<string name="complete_uninstall">Tamamil sil</string>
<string name="restore_img">Nsxlri Brpa et</string>
<string name="restore_img_msg">Brpa Edilir</string>
<string name="restore_done">Brpa Edildi!</string>
<string name="restore_fail">Brpa n nxslr mvcud deyil!</string>
<string name="setup_fail">Qurma uursuz oldu</string>
<string name="env_fix_title">lav yklmy ethiyac var</string>
<string name="env_fix_msg">Cihaznz Magiskin dzgn ilmsi n lav yklmy ehtiyac duyur. Yenidn balatmaq istyirsiniz?</string>
<string name="setup_msg">Yklnir</string>
<string name="unsupport_magisk_title">Bu Magisk versiyas dstklnmir</string>
<string name="unsupport_magisk_msg">Ttbiqin bu versiyas Magiskin %1$s versiyasndan aalar dstklmir.\n\nTtbiq sanki Magisk he yoxmu kimi davranacaq, ltfn Magiski yksldin.</string>
<string name="unsupport_general_title">Anormal Hal</string>
<string name="unsupport_system_app_msg">Bu ttbiqi sistem ttbiqi kimi amaq olmur. Onu yenidn istifadi ttbiqi etmlisiniz.</string>
<string name="unsupport_other_su_msg">Magiskdn olmayan \"su\" tapld. Ltfn digr kk ttbiqi silin yaxud Magiski yenidn quradrn.</string>
<string name="unsupport_external_storage_msg">Magisk xarici yaddaa qurulub. Ltfn ttbiqi daxili yaddaa keirin.</string>
<string name="unsupport_nonroot_stub_msg">Gizli Magisk ttbiqi kk itirildiyin gr ilmyck. Orijinal APKn geri qaytarn.</string>
<string name="unsupport_nonroot_stub_title">@string/settings_restore_app_title</string>
<string name="external_rw_permission_denied">Bu funksiyan i salmaq n yadda icazsi verin</string>
<string name="post_notifications_denied">Bu funksiyan i salmaq n bildiri icazsi verin</string>
<string name="install_unknown_denied">"bilinmyn ttbiqlri quradr"\ asanz bu funksiya i dck</string>
<string name="add_shortcut_title">Ana ekranda qsayol yarat</string>
<string name="add_shortcut_msg">Ttbiqi gizltdikdn sonra tapmaq tin olmasn dey ana ekranda qsayol yaradlsn?</string>
<string name="app_not_found">Bu ii grck hebir ttbiq yoxdur</string>
<string name="reboot_apply_change">Dyiikliklr tkrar baladqdan sonra olacaq</string>
<string name="restore_app_confirmation">Gizli ttbiq vvlki halna qaydacaq. Davam edilsin?</string>
</resources>
```
|
```java
/*
*
* This file is part of SchemaSpy.
*
* SchemaSpy is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* SchemaSpy is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
*
* along with SchemaSpy. If not, see <path_to_url
*/
package org.schemaspy.util.markup;
/**
* Extracted from Markdown class by samdus on 2023-06-05
*
* @author Rafal Kasa
* @author Daniel Watt
* @author Samuel Dussault
*/
public interface Markup {
String value();
}
```
|
Cedar Lake is a lake in Martin County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Cedar Lake was named for the red cedar trees near the lake.
See also
List of lakes in Minnesota
References
Lakes of Minnesota
Lakes of Martin County, Minnesota
|
```shell
Debugging `ssh` client issues
Useful ssh client optimizations
Setting up password-free authentication
Getting the connection speed from the terminal
Make use of `netstat`
```
|
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package com.roncoo.pay.permission.dao;
import com.roncoo.pay.permission.entity.PmsPermission;
import java.util.List;
/**
* dao
*
* www.roncoo.com
*
* @authorshenjialong
*/
public interface PmsPermissionDao extends PermissionBaseDao<PmsPermission> {
/**
* ID.
*
* @param ids
* @return
*/
List<PmsPermission> findByIds(String ids);
/**
*
*
* @param trim
* @return
*/
PmsPermission getByPermissionName(String permissionName);
/**
*
*
* @param permission
* @return
*/
PmsPermission getByPermission(String permission);
/**
* (id)
*
* @param permissionName
* @param id
* @return
*/
PmsPermission getByPermissionNameNotEqId(String permissionName, Long id);
/**
*
*
* @param valueOf
* @return
*/
List<PmsPermission> listAllByMenuId(Long menuId);
}
```
|
Borova () is an urban-type settlement in Fastiv Raion of Kyiv Oblast (province) of Ukraine, located on the Stugna River. It belongs to Fastiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The Molovylivka railway station is located in the centre of the settlement. The population is
References
Fastiv Raion
Urban-type settlements in Fastiv Raion
|
```html
<script>console.error("node_invalid_placement_ssr: `<p>` (packages/svelte/tests/server-side-rendering/samples/invalid-nested-svelte-element/main.svelte:1:0) cannot contain `<p>` (packages/svelte/tests/server-side-rendering/samples/invalid-nested-svelte-element/main.svelte:2:1)\n\nThis can cause content to shift around as the browser repairs the HTML, and will likely result in a `hydration_mismatch` warning.")</script>
```
|
John Covert Boyd (December 24, 1850 – July 7, 1927) was a surgeon and medical director in the United States Navy Medical Corps. He is one of the incorporators of the American Red Cross and one of the founders of the Kappa Sigma Fraternity.
Biography
John Covert Boyd was born on 24 December 1850 near Bradford Springs, South Carolina and spent his youth at the private schools of Charleston. From 1869 to 1871, he attended the University of Virginia. While there, he founded the Kappa Sigma fraternity with four other friends on December 10, 1869: William Grigsby McCormick, Edmund Law Rogers Jr., Frank Courtney Nicodemus, and George Miles Arnold. After Boyd's second year, in which he entered the medical program, he transferred to the University of the City of New York. After graduating as a Doctor of Medicine, Boyd was appointed as an assistant surgeon in the Navy medical corp, eventually rising to the rank of Medical Director. In 1902, he became a professor in the Navy Medical College, Washington, where he was second in seniority. Under supervision of the Surgeon-General of the Navy, Boyd compiled a book of instructions for medical officers. In 1905, President Roosevelt appointed Boyd to be one of the members of the Board of Incorporators of the American Red Cross. He died on 7 July 1927 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
Personal life
Boyd's father was William Simms Boyd, who was a graduate of South Carolina Medical College and his mother was Laura Nelson (Covert) Boyd. In 1887, he married Katherine Dorr Willard and had two children, Alice and Walter. They resided in Washington, D. C.
Legacy
Fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine
Member of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States
Member of the American Medical Association
Member of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences
Member of the Archaeological Institution of America
Honorary member of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia
References
1850 births
1924 deaths
People from Lee County, South Carolina
University of Virginia alumni
New York University Grossman School of Medicine alumni
Kappa Sigma founders
United States Navy Medical Corps officers
American Red Cross personnel
American surgeons
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
|
```objective-c
#pragma once
#include <array>
#include <chrono>
/// Responsability: calculates remaining time in seconds after adding the speed in bytes seconds and the remaining
/// bytes left. In order to filter the results it uses a buffer that is filled with a few samples (9 samples buffer size)
/// and when the buffer is filled calculates the median of the values on the buffer. First time until the buffer is filled
/// returns zero. After calculating the median and until the buffer is filled again it returns the last calculated value.
class TransferRemainingTime
{
public:
TransferRemainingTime();
TransferRemainingTime(unsigned long long speedBytesSecond, unsigned long long remainingBytes);
std::chrono::seconds calculateRemainingTimeSeconds(unsigned long long speedBytesSecond, unsigned long long remainingBytes);
// The median computation code is simpler using an odd buffer size
static constexpr unsigned int REMAINING_SECONDS_BUFFER_SIZE{9};
void reset();
private:
std::chrono::seconds mRemainingSeconds;
unsigned long mUpdateRemainingTimeCounter;
std::array<unsigned long long, REMAINING_SECONDS_BUFFER_SIZE> mRemainingTimesBuffer;
void calculateMedian();
};
```
|
Joaquín María Virués y López-Spínola (1765–1829) was a Spanish military commander. He was the elder brother of General José Joaquín Virués.
Early career
Virués enlisted in the Provincial Regiment of Ronda in 1784. As a captain in 1792, he saw much action in the War of the Pyrenees and was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1795.
During the Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808), he was stationed in the Campo de Gibraltar and saw action at the First Battle of Algeciras.
In 1802 Virués was appointed colonel of his regiment, and spent the following two years garrisoning El Puerto de Santa María and Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
Peninsular War
At the start of the war, Virués was garrisoned at Cádiz, where he participated in the Capture of the Rosily Squadron. Promoted to brigadier, in September he marched his regiment to Madrid, where he took part in its defence on 3 December.
Incorporated into Gaspar de Vigodet's 2nd Division of the Army of La Mancha, he saw action at the Battle of Almonacid and again at the Battle of Ocaña, before withdrawing to the Sierra Morena, where he stopped to defend Venta Nueva and Montizón, before withdrawing towards Granada and then Murcia, where he embarked his division to Cádiz.
In August 1812, he commanded the three regiments that made up the 2nd Division of Ballesteros's 4th Army. Following orders from the Regency, he accompanied Pedro de Alcántara Téllez-Girón, Prince of Anglona, to arrest Ballesteros, after the latter had called for a military uprising in protest against Wellington's appointment as generalissimo of the Spanish Army.
The following November he was given command of the 1st Division of the Duke del Parque's Army of Castille, and promoted to field marshal.
In 1813, he was given the command of the 1st Division of Pedro Agustín Girón's Army of the Reserve of Andalusia and fought at the Battle of Nivelle.
Post-war career
During the Hundred Days, he served under Palafox in the Observation Army of Aragón.
During the Trienio Liberal he was appointed military governor of Seville in May 1820, a post he held until June of the following year. A few months later, he was appointed governor of Málaga, which he turned down.
References
Spanish commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
1765 births
1829 deaths
|
The Trivale Monastery () is a monastery located in Trivale Park in the city of Pitești. It serves as a place of tranquility and prayer for all the faithful who visit.
Historical sources support the fact that Trivale Monastery was founded by Trifan and Stanca Stăncescu in the second half of the 15th century, known at that time as the "Stăncescu Monastery."
Legend has it that the monastery temporarily housed the head of Michael the Brave (1593-1601) before it was taken to Dealu Monastery. It is known that Doamna Stanca owned numerous properties around Pitești, so the hypothesis of her presence here is plausible. The enlightened monk Ioan Cantacuzino, who copied "The Life and Habits of Our Holy Father Nifon, Patriarch of Constantinople," written by Gavril Protul in 1682, lived here. This document is important for the history of Wallachia.
Originally, there was a wooden church on the site, which was rebuilt in stone during the reign of Matei Basarab. However, between 1670 and 1673, the church fell into ruins and was reconstructed once again in stone and brick by . This is evidenced by an inscription found in 1895 during the construction of a road. During the same period, the abbot's houses, cells, enclosing walls, and bell tower were also built. The entire complex was constructed between 1672 and 1688.
Ascending the steps carved in stone from Albești and passing under the bell tower, one reaches the church of the monastery. The church preserves interior frescoes painted by Ioasaf Grecu in 1731.
Devastated by the earthquake of 1827, the monastery was rebuilt between 1854 and 1856 by Archimandrite Terotei. What can be seen today is the result of the restoration work carried out from 1854 to 1856. Only the foundations and walls from Varlaam's foundation remained until the raising of the belt. Trivale Monastery was rebuilt after the earthquake of 1940, with the works between 1942 and 1944 being coordinated by the Argeș Bishopric.
During the communist period, Trivale Monastery did not function and remained closed. It was reopened in 1991. It currently serves as a monastery, dedicated to the Holy Trinity.
Within the premises of Trivale Monastery, the practice of exorcism is also observed. One notable success story is that of a 36-year-old woman who was healed during the summer of 1999.
Trivale Monastery is situated in a picturesque natural setting. Within the enchanting monastery garden, one can find the church, a wayside cross, the bell tower, and the cells adorned with garlands of flowers.
Trivale Monastery is an oasis of tranquility amidst the bustling city, just a few steps away. It is a place of pilgrimage for many believers who come here daily to pray and to feast their eyes and souls on the spiritually charged natural beauty.
Documentary evidence
One of the significant sources of evidence is the recording of Pitești under the name "Pitesi coenobium" in the first cartographic depiction of Transylvania, the map "Transilvania" created by J. Sambucus in 1566 in Vienna. This highlights the considerable importance of the monastery complex, which became a distinctive landmark of the city.
Frequently mentioned in the accounts of foreign travelers, Trivale Monastery is attested in the report of Bulgarian missionary Petru Bogdan Bacsic from the year 1640: "The city has beautiful churches, a monastery of monks, and 200 Romanian houses, which means about a thousand souls." Italian archaeologist and numismatist Domenico Sestini, during his visit in May 1780, noted the existence of approximately 250 houses, including many boyar houses, 17 churches, and a monastery in Pitești. The following year, Franz Joseph Sulzer, the secretary of Prince Alexandru Ipsilanti, recorded the presence of eight churches, a monastery, and several boyar houses in the town of Pitești.
References
Pitești
Romanian Orthodox monasteries of Wallachia
Historic monuments in Argeș County
|
PEN America (formerly PEN American Center), founded in 1922, and headquartered in New York City, is a nonprofit organization whose goal is to raise awareness for the protection of free expression in the United States and worldwide through the advancement of literature and human rights. PEN America is the largest of the more than 100 PEN centers worldwide that together compose PEN International. PEN America has offices in New York City, Los Angeles, and Washington, D.C.
PEN America's advocacy includes work on educational censorship, press freedom and the safety of journalists, campus free speech, online harassment, artistic freedom, and support to regions of the world with challenges to freedom of expression. PEN America also campaigns for individual writers and journalists who have been imprisoned or come under threat for their work and annually presents the PEN/Barbey Freedom to Write Award.
PEN America hosts public programming and events on literature and human rights, including the PEN World Voices Festival of International Literature and the annual PEN America Literary Awards, sometimes referred to as the "Oscars of Books." PEN America also works to amplify underrepresented voices, including emerging authors and writers who are undocumented, incarcerated, or face obstacles in reaching audiences.
The organization's name was conceived as an acronym: Poets, Essayists, Novelists (later broadened to Poets, Playwrights, Editors, Essayists, Novelists). As membership expanded to include a more diverse range of people involved in literature and freedom of expression, the name ceased to be an acronym in the United States.
PEN America celebrated its centenary in 2022 with an event with authors Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Margaret Atwood, Jennifer Finney Boylan, and Dave Eggers; an exhibition at the New York Historical Society; and a large light-projection by the artist Jenny Holzer at Rockefeller Center.
History
PEN America was formed on April 19, 1922, in New York City, and included among its initial members writers such as Willa Cather, Eugene O'Neill, Robert Frost, Ellen Glasgow, Edwin Arlington Robinson, and Robert Benchley. Booth Tarkington served as the organization's first president.
PEN America's founding came after the launch of PEN International in 1921 in London by Catherine Amy Dawson-Scott, a British poet, playwright, and peace activist, who enlisted John Galsworthy as PEN International's first president. The intent of PEN International was to foster international literary fellowship among writers that would transcend national and ethnic divides in the wake of World War I. PEN America subscribes to the principles outlined in the PEN International Charter.
PEN America presidents have included current president Ayad Akhtar, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Louis Begley, Ron Chernow, Joel Conarroe, Jennifer Egan, Frances FitzGerald, Peter Godwin, Francine Prose, Salman Rushdie, Michael Scammell, and Andrew Solomon.
In 2018, the organization filed suit against President Trump for allegedly using the powers of his office to retaliate against unfavorable reporting. In 2023, it filed suit against the school district in Escambia County, Florida, over book bans, joined by publisher Penguin Random House, several banned authors, and parents in the district.
PEN America staff announced their intention to unionize. The Los Angeles Times reported that workers unionized with Unit of Work, a venture capitalist startup to help workers unionize, and that PEN America recognized the union the day after it was announced.
Membership
MEMBERS OF PEN pledge themselves to do their utmost to dispel race, class, and national hatreds and to champion the ideal of one humanity living in peace in the world. And since freedom implies voluntary restraint, members also pledge themselves to oppose such evils of a free press as mendacious publication, deliberate falsehood, and distortion of facts for political and personal ends. – from PEN's Founding Charter, New York City, 1922.Full membership in PEN America generally requires being a published writer with at least one work professionally published, or being a translator, agent, editor, or other publishing professional. There is also a "reader" tier of membership open to supporters from the general public, as well as a "student" membership.
Notable members of PEN America past and present include: Chinua Achebe, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Edward Albee, Maya Angelou, Paul Auster, James Baldwin, Saul Bellow, Giannina Braschi, Teju Cole, Don DeLillo, E.L. Doctorow, Roxane Gay, Langston Hughes, Barbara Kingsolver, Norman Mailer, Thomas Mann, Arthur Miller, Marianne Moore, Toni Morrison, Viet Thanh Nguyen, Lynn Nottage, Grace Paley, Philip Roth, Salman Rushdie, Richard Russo, Sam Shepard, Susan Sontag, John Steinbeck, Elizabeth Strout, Anne Tyler, and Colson Whitehead.
PEN Board of Trustees
The PEN America Board of Trustees is composed of writers, artists, and leaders in the fields of publishing, media, technology, law, finance, human rights, and philanthropy.
Jennifer Egan, a recipient of the Pulitzer Prize and the 2018 Carnegie Medal for literary excellence, became president of PEN America in 2018. Egan was succeeded by Ayad Akhtar on December 2, 2020. Other members of the Board of Trustees Executive Committee are: Executive Vice President Markus Dohle, ex-Vice President Masha Gessen, Vice President Tracy Higgins, Treasurer Yvonne Marsh, and Secretary Ayad Akhtar.
Additional trustees are: Marie Arana, Jennifer Finney Boylan, Gabriella De Ferrari, Roxanne Donovan, Lauren Embrey, Nathan Englander, Jeanmarie Fenrich, Tom Healy, Elizabeth Hemmerdinger, Saeed Jones, Zachary Karabell, Sean Kelly, Franklin Leonard, Margaret Munzer Loeb, Erroll McDonald, Dinaw Mengestu, Sevil Miyhandar, Paul Muldoon, Alexandra Munroe, Christian Oberbeck, Michael Pietsch, Marvin S. Putnam, Theresa Rebeck, Laura Baudo Sillerman, Andrew Solomon, Jacob Weisberg, Jamie Wolf, and Hanya Yanagihara.
The Chief Executive Officer of PEN America is Suzanne Nossel.
Literature
PEN America holds multiple events in the United States throughout the year with the goal of celebrating literature in multiple forms. Many feature prominent authors who appear at festivals and on panel discussions, give lectures, and are featured at PEN America's Authors' Evenings. As a part of its work, PEN America also gives recognition to emerging writers, recognizing them through PEN America's Literary Awards or bringing them to new audiences at public events. Among them are: Hermione Hoby, Morgan Jerkins, Crystal Hana Kim, Alice Sola Kim, Lisa Ko, Layli Long Soldier, Carmen Maria Machado, Darnell L. Moore, Alexis Okeowo, Helen Oyeyemi, Tommy Pico, Jenny Zhang, and Ibi Zoboi.
PEN World Voices Festival
The PEN World Voices Festival is a week-long series of events in New York City hosted by PEN America each spring. It is the largest international literary festival in the United States, and the only one with a human rights focus. The festival was founded by Salman Rushdie in the aftermath of September 11 Attacks, with the aim of broadening channels of dialogue between the United States and the world.
Notable guests have included: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Margaret Atwood, Paul Auster, Samantha Bee, Giannina Braschi, Carrie Brownstein, Ron Chernow, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Ta-Nehisi Coates, Teju Cole, E.L. Doctorow, Dave Eggers, Roxane Gay, Masha Gessen, John Irving, Marlon James, Saeed Jones, Jhumpa Lahiri, Ottessa Moshfegh, Hasan Minaj, Sean Penn, Cecile Richards, Salman Rushdie, Gabourey Sidibe, Patti Smith, Zadie Smith, Andrew Solomon, Pia Tafdrup, Ngugi wa Thiong'o, Colm Toibin, Amor Towles, and Colson Whitehead.
PEN America Literary Awards
The PEN America Literary Awards annually honor outstanding voices in literature across genres, including fiction, poetry, drama, science and writing, essays, biography, and children's literature. PEN America confers 11 awards, fellowships, grants, and prizes each year, presenting nearly US$350,000 to writers and translators.
The US$75,000 PEN/Jean Stein Book Award is currently the top award given by PEN America, and among the largest literary prizes in the United States. Among other awards conferred are the US$25,000 PEN/Hemingway Award for a Debut Novel, the US$25,000 PEN/Bingham Award for a Debut Short Story Collection, and the US$10,000 PEN/Open Book Award for new books by writers of color.
PEN America Literary Gala and PEN America Los Angeles Gala
The PEN America Literary Gala in New York and PEN America Los Angeles Gala are annual events celebrating free expression and the literary arts. These events include tributes and calls to action to audiences of authors, screenwriters, producers, executives, philanthropists, actors, and other devotees of the written word. Honorees have included Salman Rushdie, Stephen King, J. K. Rowling, Toni Morrison, and Margaret Atwood. Celebrated writers serve as Literary Hosts for the events.
PEN America Prison and Justice Writing Program
Founded in 1971, the PEN Prison Writing Program provides hundreds of inmates across the country with writing resources and audiences for their work. The program sponsors an annual writing contest, publishes a free writing handbook for prisoners, provides one-on-one mentoring to inmates whose writing shows promise, and seeks to bring inmates' work to the public through literary events, readings, and publications. PEN America also provides assistance to other prison writing initiatives around the country and offers a Writing for Justice Fellowship for writers inside and outside of prison seeking to advance the conversation around the challenges of mass incarceration through creative expression.
Support to writers
The PEN Writers' Emergency Fund assists professional writers in acute, emergency financial crisis. PEN America Membership committees focus on the interests of literary professionals in different fields and include the Translation Committee and the Children and Young Adult Book Authors Committee. The Emerging Voices Fellowship is a literary mentorship that aims to provide new writers who are isolated from the literary establishment with the tools, skills, and knowledge they need to launch a professional writing career. The DREAMing Out Loud program helps aspiring migrant writers. PEN America also has offered workshops that nurture the writing skills of domestic workers, taxi drivers, street vendors, and others wage earners.
Publications
PEN America has several periodic publications. They include the Prison Writing Awards Anthology featuring winning entries from the annual contest for incarcerated authors, and PEN America Best Debut Short Stories, a yearly anthology of fiction by the recipients of the PEN/Robert J. Dau Short Story Prize for Emerging Writers.
Free Expression
PEN America's Free Expression programs defend writers and journalists and protect free expression rights in the United States and around the world. This work includes research and reports on topical issues, advocacy internationally and in the United States, and campaigns on policy issues and on behalf of individual writers and journalists under threat.
Free Expression and Education
After 2020, PEN America increasingly focused on tracking book bans, including with its annual Banned in the USA report and educational censorship in public schools and higher education, including "educational gag order" bills. In 2023, PEN America, along with publisher Penguin Random House and several banned authors, and parents, filed suit against the Escambia County School District, claiming that book bans violate Constitutional rights to free speech and equal protection under the law. The organization also hosts regular Free Speech Advocacy Institutes to train young people to advocate for free speech.
Writers at Risk
PEN America's work is sustained advocacy on behalf of individual writers and journalists who are being persecuted because of their work. With help from its members and supporters, PEN America carries out campaigns to ensure the freedom, safety, and ability to write and publish without constraint. Advocacy is conducted from PEN America's Washington, D.C., office, as well as through national and international campaigns, events, reports, and delegations. The organization publishes an index of threats to writers and gives out an annual Freedom to Write award. PEN America also focuses on countries and regions where free expression is under particular challenge, including China, Myanmar, Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Central Asia.
Press Freedom and Disinformation
PEN America monitors the freedom of the press and safety of journalists in the United States and internationally. PEN America also focuses on issues of fraudulent news and media literacy, and has produced an in-depth report, "Faking News: Fraudulent News and the Fight for Truth", alongside its "News Consumers Bill of Rights and Responsibilities." Current work focuses on how to fight disinformation ahead of the 2024 presidential election, with particular focus on Florida, Texas, and Arizona.
Campus Free Speech
PEN America has a focus on issues surrounding free speech at colleges and universities and seeks to raise awareness of the First Amendment and foster constructive dialogue that upholds the free speech rights of all on campus. This work includes the "PEN America Principles on Campus Free Speech" and the report, "And Campus for All: Diversity, Inclusion, and Freedom of Speech at U.S. Universities".
Digital Safety and Online Abuse
In April 2018, PEN America launched the Online Harassment Field Manual in an effort to aid writers and journalists who must navigate online spaces by providing resources, tools, and tips to help them respond safely and effectively to incidents of online harassment and hateful speech. PEN America also leads workshops to equip writers, journalists, and all those active online with tools and tactics to defend against hateful speech and trolling.
Artists at Risk Connection
The Artists at Risk Connection is an international hub of more than 800 organizations working to protect artistic freedom around the world by improving access to resources for artists at risk, raising awareness of the threats, and enhancing connections among supporters of artistic freedom. This program extends support to artists of all kinds, encompassing writers, cartoonists, visual artists, filmmakers, musicians, and performance artists, as well as other individuals who produce significant creative output.
See also
PEN International
PEN Center USA
PEN Canada
Sydney PEN
PEN World Voices
PEN/Open Book
References
External links
PEN America
PEN Events Audio Archive
PEN Podcasts
PEN International
PEN American Center archives at Princeton University
1922 establishments in New York City
Organizations established in 1922
American writers' organizations
Freedom of expression organizations
Human rights organizations based in the United States
Culture of New York City
Organizations based in New York City
Freedom of speech in the United States
America''''''''''''''''''''''
|
```cython
from libc.stdint cimport uint64_t
from cymem.cymem cimport Pool
from murmurhash.mrmr cimport hash64
from ..extra.eg cimport Example
include "../compile_time_constants.pxi"
cdef class ConjunctionExtracter:
"""Extract composite features from a sequence of atomic values, according to
the schema specified by a list of templates.
"""
def __init__(self, templates, linear_mode=True):
self.mem = Pool()
nr_atom = 0
for templ in templates:
nr_atom = max(nr_atom, max(templ))
self.linear_mode = linear_mode
self.nr_atom = nr_atom
# Value that indicates the value has been "masked", e.g. it was pruned
# as a rare word. If a feature contains any masked values, it is dropped.
templates = tuple(sorted(set([tuple(sorted(f)) for f in templates])))
self._py_templates = templates
self.nr_embed = 1
self.nr_templ = len(templates) + 1
self.templates = <TemplateC*>self.mem.alloc(len(templates), sizeof(TemplateC))
# Sort each feature, and sort and unique the set of them
cdef int i, j, idx
for i, indices in enumerate(templates):
assert len(indices) < MAX_TEMPLATE_LEN
for j, idx in enumerate(sorted(indices)):
self.templates[i].indices[j] = idx
self.templates[i].length = len(indices)
def __call__(self, Example eg):
eg.c.nr_feat = self.set_features(eg.c.features, eg.c.atoms)
cdef int set_features(self, FeatureC* feats, const atom_t* atoms) nogil:
cdef int n_feats = 0
if self.linear_mode:
feats[0].key = 1
feats[0].value = 1
n_feats += 1
cdef bint seen_non_zero
cdef int templ_id
cdef int i
cdef atom_t[MAX_TEMPLATE_LEN] extracted
for templ_id in range(self.nr_templ-1):
templ = self.templates[templ_id]
if not self.linear_mode and templ.length == 1:
feats[n_feats].key = atoms[templ.indices[0]]
feats[n_feats].value = 1
feats[n_feats].i = templ_id
n_feats += 1
continue
seen_non_zero = False
for i in range(templ.length):
extracted[i] = atoms[templ.indices[i]]
seen_non_zero = seen_non_zero or extracted[i]
if seen_non_zero:
feats[n_feats].key = hash64(extracted, templ.length * sizeof(extracted[0]),
templ_id if self.linear_mode else 0)
feats[n_feats].value = 1
feats[n_feats].i = templ_id
n_feats += 1
return n_feats
def __reduce__(self):
return (self.__class__, (self.nr_atom, self._py_templates))
```
|
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var isNonNegativeInteger = require( '@stdlib/assert/is-nonnegative-integer' ).isPrimitive;
var setReadOnly = require( '@stdlib/utils/define-nonenumerable-read-only-property' );
var setReadOnlyAccessor = require( '@stdlib/utils/define-nonenumerable-read-only-accessor' );
var setReadWriteAccessor = require( '@stdlib/utils/define-nonenumerable-read-write-accessor' );
var base = require( '@stdlib/random/base/minstd-shuffle' );
var ctors = require( '@stdlib/array/typed-real-ctors' );
var filledBy = require( '@stdlib/array/base/filled-by' );
var nullary = require( '@stdlib/strided/base/nullary' );
var format = require( '@stdlib/string/format' );
var defaults = require( './defaults.json' );
var validate = require( './validate.js' );
// MAIN //
/**
* Returns a function for creating arrays containing pseudorandom numbers generated using a linear congruential pseudorandom number generator (LCG) whose output is shuffled.
*
* @param {Options} [options] - function options
* @param {PRNGSeedMINSTD} [options.seed] - pseudorandom number generator seed
* @param {PRNGStateMINSTD} [options.state] - pseudorandom number generator state
* @param {boolean} [options.copy=true] - boolean indicating whether to copy a provided pseudorandom number generator state
* @param {string} [options.idtype="float64"] - default data type when generating integers
* @param {string} [options.ndtype="float64"] - default data type when generating normalized numbers
* @throws {TypeError} options argument must be an object
* @throws {TypeError} must provide valid options
* @throws {Error} must provide a valid state
* @returns {Function} function for creating arrays
*
* @example
* var minstd = factory();
* // returns <Function>
*
* var arr = minstd( 10 );
* // returns <Float64Array>
*
* @example
* var minstd = factory();
* // returns <Function>
*
* var arr = minstd( 10, {
* 'dtype': 'generic'
* });
* // returns [...]
*
* @example
* var minstd = factory();
* // returns <Function>
*
* var arr = minstd.normalized( 10 );
* // returns <Float64Array>
*/
function factory() {
var options;
var nargs;
var opts;
var rand;
var prng;
var err;
opts = {
'idtype': defaults.idtype,
'ndtype': defaults.ndtype
};
nargs = arguments.length;
rand = minstd;
if ( nargs === 0 ) {
prng = base;
} else if ( nargs === 1 ) {
options = arguments[ 0 ];
prng = base.factory( options );
err = validate( opts, options, 0 );
if ( err ) {
throw err;
}
}
setReadOnlyAccessor( rand, 'seed', getSeed );
setReadOnlyAccessor( rand, 'seedLength', getSeedLength );
setReadWriteAccessor( rand, 'state', getState, setState );
setReadOnlyAccessor( rand, 'stateLength', getStateLength );
setReadOnlyAccessor( rand, 'byteLength', getStateSize );
setReadOnly( rand, 'PRNG', prng );
setReadOnly( rand, 'normalized', normalized );
return rand;
/**
* Returns an array containing pseudorandom integers on the interval `[1, 2147483646]`.
*
* @private
* @param {NonNegativeInteger} len - array length
* @param {Options} [options] - function options
* @param {string} [options.dtype] - output array data type
* @throws {TypeError} first argument must be a nonnegative integer
* @throws {TypeError} options argument must be an object
* @throws {TypeError} must provide valid options
* @returns {(Array|TypedArray)} output array
*/
function minstd( len, options ) {
var ctor;
var out;
var err;
var dt;
var o;
if ( !isNonNegativeInteger( len ) ) {
throw new TypeError( format( 'invalid argument. First argument must be a nonnegative integer. Value: `%s`.', len ) );
}
o = {};
if ( arguments.length > 1 ) {
err = validate( o, options, 1 );
if ( err ) {
throw err;
}
}
dt = o.dtype || opts.idtype;
if ( dt === 'generic' ) {
return filledBy( len, prng );
}
ctor = ctors( dt );
out = new ctor( len );
nullary( [ out ], [ len ], [ 1 ], prng );
return out;
}
/**
* Returns an array containing pseudorandom numbers on the interval `[0, 1)`.
*
* @private
* @param {NonNegativeInteger} len - array length
* @param {Options} [options] - function options
* @param {string} [options.dtype] - output array data type
* @throws {TypeError} first argument must be a nonnegative integer
* @throws {TypeError} options argument must be an object
* @throws {TypeError} must provide valid options
* @returns {(Array|TypedArray)} output array
*/
function normalized( len, options ) {
var ctor;
var out;
var err;
var dt;
var o;
if ( !isNonNegativeInteger( len ) ) {
throw new TypeError( format( 'invalid argument. First argument must be a nonnegative integer. Value: `%s`.', len ) );
}
o = {};
if ( arguments.length > 1 ) {
err = validate( o, options, 2 );
if ( err ) {
throw err;
}
}
dt = o.dtype || opts.ndtype;
if ( dt === 'generic' ) {
return filledBy( len, prng.normalized );
}
ctor = ctors( dt );
out = new ctor( len );
nullary( [ out ], [ len ], [ 1 ], prng.normalized );
return out;
}
/**
* Returns the PRNG seed.
*
* @private
* @returns {Int32Array} seed
*/
function getSeed() {
return rand.PRNG.seed;
}
/**
* Returns the PRNG seed length.
*
* @private
* @returns {PositiveInteger} seed length
*/
function getSeedLength() {
return rand.PRNG.seedLength;
}
/**
* Returns the PRNG state length.
*
* @private
* @returns {PositiveInteger} state length
*/
function getStateLength() {
return rand.PRNG.stateLength;
}
/**
* Returns the PRNG state size (in bytes).
*
* @private
* @returns {PositiveInteger} state size (in bytes)
*/
function getStateSize() {
return rand.PRNG.byteLength;
}
/**
* Returns the current pseudorandom number generator state.
*
* @private
* @returns {Int32Array} current state
*/
function getState() {
return rand.PRNG.state;
}
/**
* Sets the pseudorandom number generator state.
*
* @private
* @param {Int32Array} s - generator state
* @throws {Error} must provide a valid state
*/
function setState( s ) {
rand.PRNG.state = s;
}
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = factory;
```
|
```makefile
HEVC_SAMPLES = \
AMP_A_Samsung_4 \
AMP_A_Samsung_6 \
AMP_B_Samsung_4 \
AMP_B_Samsung_6 \
AMP_D_Hisilicon \
AMP_E_Hisilicon \
AMP_F_Hisilicon_3 \
AMVP_A_MTK_4 \
AMVP_B_MTK_4 \
AMVP_C_Samsung_4 \
AMVP_C_Samsung_6 \
BUMPING_A_ericsson_1 \
CAINIT_A_SHARP_4 \
CAINIT_B_SHARP_4 \
CAINIT_C_SHARP_3 \
CAINIT_D_SHARP_3 \
CAINIT_E_SHARP_3 \
CAINIT_F_SHARP_3 \
CAINIT_G_SHARP_3 \
CAINIT_H_SHARP_3 \
CIP_A_Panasonic_3 \
cip_B_NEC_3 \
CIP_C_Panasonic_2 \
CONFWIN_A_Sony_1 \
DBLK_A_SONY_3 \
DBLK_B_SONY_3 \
DBLK_C_SONY_3 \
DBLK_D_VIXS_2 \
DBLK_E_VIXS_2 \
DBLK_F_VIXS_2 \
DBLK_G_VIXS_2 \
DELTAQP_A_BRCM_4 \
DELTAQP_B_SONY_3 \
DELTAQP_C_SONY_3 \
DSLICE_A_HHI_5 \
DSLICE_B_HHI_5 \
DSLICE_C_HHI_5 \
ENTP_A_Qualcomm_1 \
ENTP_B_Qualcomm_1 \
ENTP_C_Qualcomm_1 \
EXT_A_ericsson_4 \
FILLER_A_Sony_1 \
HRD_A_Fujitsu_2 \
HRD_A_Fujitsu_3 \
INITQP_A_Sony_1 \
ipcm_A_NEC_3 \
ipcm_B_NEC_3 \
ipcm_C_NEC_3 \
ipcm_D_NEC_3 \
ipcm_E_NEC_2 \
IPRED_A_docomo_2 \
IPRED_B_Nokia_3 \
IPRED_C_Mitsubishi_3 \
LS_A_Orange_2 \
LS_B_ORANGE_4 \
LTRPSPS_A_Qualcomm_1 \
MAXBINS_A_TI_4 \
MAXBINS_B_TI_4 \
MAXBINS_C_TI_4 \
MERGE_A_TI_3 \
MERGE_B_TI_3 \
MERGE_C_TI_3 \
MERGE_D_TI_3 \
MERGE_E_TI_3 \
MERGE_F_MTK_4 \
MERGE_G_HHI_4 \
MVCLIP_A_qualcomm_3 \
MVDL1ZERO_A_docomo_3 \
MVEDGE_A_qualcomm_3 \
NoOutPrior_A_Qualcomm_1 \
NoOutPrior_B_Qualcomm_1 \
NUT_A_ericsson_5 \
OPFLAG_A_Qualcomm_1 \
OPFLAG_B_Qualcomm_1 \
OPFLAG_C_Qualcomm_1 \
PICSIZE_A_Bossen_1 \
PICSIZE_B_Bossen_1 \
PICSIZE_C_Bossen_1 \
PICSIZE_D_Bossen_1 \
PMERGE_A_TI_3 \
PMERGE_B_TI_3 \
PMERGE_C_TI_3 \
PMERGE_D_TI_3 \
PMERGE_E_TI_3 \
POC_A_Bossen_3 \
PPS_A_qualcomm_7 \
PS_A_VIDYO_3 \
PS_B_VIDYO_3 \
RAP_A_docomo_4 \
RAP_B_Bossen_1 \
RPLM_A_qualcomm_4 \
RPLM_B_qualcomm_4 \
RPS_A_docomo_4 \
RPS_B_qualcomm_5 \
RPS_C_ericsson_5 \
RPS_D_ericsson_6 \
RPS_E_qualcomm_5 \
RPS_F_docomo_1 \
RQT_A_HHI_4 \
RQT_B_HHI_4 \
RQT_C_HHI_4 \
RQT_D_HHI_4 \
RQT_E_HHI_4 \
RQT_F_HHI_4 \
RQT_G_HHI_4 \
SAO_A_MediaTek_4 \
SAO_B_MediaTek_5 \
SAO_C_Samsung_4 \
SAO_C_Samsung_5 \
SAO_D_Samsung_4 \
SAO_D_Samsung_5 \
SAO_E_Canon_4 \
SAO_F_Canon_3 \
SAO_G_Canon_3 \
SDH_A_Orange_3 \
SLICES_A_Rovi_3 \
SLIST_A_Sony_4 \
SLIST_B_Sony_8 \
SLIST_C_Sony_3 \
SLIST_D_Sony_9 \
SLPPLP_A_VIDYO_1 \
SLPPLP_A_VIDYO_2 \
STRUCT_A_Samsung_5 \
STRUCT_B_Samsung_4 \
STRUCT_B_Samsung_6 \
TILES_A_Cisco_2 \
TILES_B_Cisco_1 \
TMVP_A_MS_3 \
TSCL_A_VIDYO_5 \
TSCL_B_VIDYO_4 \
TSKIP_A_MS_3 \
TUSIZE_A_Samsung_1 \
VPSID_A_VIDYO_1 \
VPSID_A_VIDYO_2 \
WP_A_Toshiba_3 \
WP_B_Toshiba_3 \
WPP_A_ericsson_MAIN_2 \
WPP_B_ericsson_MAIN_2 \
WPP_C_ericsson_MAIN_2 \
WPP_D_ericsson_MAIN_2 \
WPP_E_ericsson_MAIN_2 \
WPP_F_ericsson_MAIN_2 \
HEVC_SAMPLES_10BIT = \
DBLK_A_MAIN10_VIXS_3 \
WP_A_MAIN10_Toshiba_3 \
WP_MAIN10_B_Toshiba_3 \
WPP_A_ericsson_MAIN10_2 \
WPP_B_ericsson_MAIN10_2 \
WPP_C_ericsson_MAIN10_2 \
WPP_D_ericsson_MAIN10_2 \
WPP_E_ericsson_MAIN10_2 \
WPP_F_ericsson_MAIN10_2 \
INITQP_B_Sony_1 \
HEVC_SAMPLES_422_10BIT = \
ADJUST_IPRED_ANGLE_A_RExt_Mitsubishi_1 \
IPCM_A_RExt_NEC \
HEVC_SAMPLES_422_10BIN = \
Main_422_10_A_RExt_Sony_1 \
Main_422_10_B_RExt_Sony_1 \
HEVC_SAMPLES_444_8BIT = \
QMATRIX_A_RExt_Sony_1 \
HEVC_SAMPLES_444_12BIT = \
IPCM_B_RExt_NEC \
PERSIST_RPARAM_A_RExt_Sony_1\
SAO_A_RExt_MediaTek_1 \
# equivalent bitstreams
# AMP_D_Hisilicon_3 -- AMP_D_Hisilicon
# AMP_E_Hisilicon_3 -- AMP_E_Hisilicon
# MVDL1ZERO_A_docomo_4 -- MVDL1ZERO_A_docomo_3
# RAP_A_docomo_5 -- RAP_A_docomo_4
# RAP_B_bossen_2 -- RAP_B_bossen_1
# RPS_A_docomo_5 -- RPS_A_docomo_4
# RPS_F_docomo_2 -- RPS_F_docomo_1
# do not pass:
# TSUNEQBD_A_MAIN10_Technicolor_2.bit (segfault mix 9-10bits)
# PERSIST_RPARAM_A_RExt_Sony_1 (rext)
define FATE_HEVC_TEST
FATE_HEVC += fate-hevc-conformance-$(1)
fate-hevc-conformance-$(1): CMD = framecrc -flags unaligned -vsync drop -i $(TARGET_SAMPLES)/hevc-conformance/$(1).bit
endef
define FATE_HEVC_TEST_10BIT
FATE_HEVC += fate-hevc-conformance-$(1)
fate-hevc-conformance-$(1): CMD = framecrc -flags unaligned -vsync drop -i $(TARGET_SAMPLES)/hevc-conformance/$(1).bit -pix_fmt yuv420p10le
endef
define FATE_HEVC_TEST_422_10BIT
FATE_HEVC += fate-hevc-conformance-$(1)
fate-hevc-conformance-$(1): CMD = framecrc -flags unaligned -vsync drop -i $(TARGET_SAMPLES)/hevc-conformance/$(1).bit -pix_fmt yuv422p10le
endef
define FATE_HEVC_TEST_422_10BIN
FATE_HEVC += fate-hevc-conformance-$(1)
fate-hevc-conformance-$(1): CMD = framecrc -flags unaligned -vsync drop -i $(TARGET_SAMPLES)/hevc-conformance/$(1).bin -pix_fmt yuv422p10le
endef
define FATE_HEVC_TEST_444_8BIT
FATE_HEVC += fate-hevc-conformance-$(1)
fate-hevc-conformance-$(1): CMD = framecrc -flags unaligned -vsync drop -i $(TARGET_SAMPLES)/hevc-conformance/$(1).bit
endef
define FATE_HEVC_TEST_444_12BIT
FATE_HEVC += fate-hevc-conformance-$(1)
fate-hevc-conformance-$(1): CMD = framecrc -flags unaligned -vsync drop -i $(TARGET_SAMPLES)/hevc-conformance/$(1).bit -pix_fmt yuv444p12le
endef
$(foreach N,$(HEVC_SAMPLES),$(eval $(call FATE_HEVC_TEST,$(N))))
$(foreach N,$(HEVC_SAMPLES_10BIT),$(eval $(call FATE_HEVC_TEST_10BIT,$(N))))
$(foreach N,$(HEVC_SAMPLES_422_10BIT),$(eval $(call FATE_HEVC_TEST_422_10BIT,$(N))))
$(foreach N,$(HEVC_SAMPLES_422_10BIN),$(eval $(call FATE_HEVC_TEST_422_10BIN,$(N))))
$(foreach N,$(HEVC_SAMPLES_444_8BIT),$(eval $(call FATE_HEVC_TEST_444_8BIT,$(N))))
$(foreach N,$(HEVC_SAMPLES_444_12BIT),$(eval $(call FATE_HEVC_TEST_444_12BIT,$(N))))
fate-hevc-paramchange-yuv420p-yuv420p10: CMD = framecrc -vsync 0 -i $(TARGET_SAMPLES)/hevc/paramchange_yuv420p_yuv420p10.hevc -sws_flags area+accurate_rnd+bitexact
FATE_HEVC += fate-hevc-paramchange-yuv420p-yuv420p10
FATE_HEVC-$(call DEMDEC, HEVC, HEVC) += $(FATE_HEVC)
FATE_SAMPLES_AVCONV += $(FATE_HEVC-yes)
fate-hevc: $(FATE_HEVC-yes)
```
|
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
*/
package io.ballerina.projects.test;
import io.ballerina.projects.BuildOptions;
import io.ballerina.projects.DiagnosticResult;
import io.ballerina.projects.JBallerinaBackend;
import io.ballerina.projects.JvmTarget;
import io.ballerina.projects.Package;
import io.ballerina.projects.PackageCompilation;
import io.ballerina.projects.ProjectEnvironmentBuilder;
import io.ballerina.projects.directory.BuildProject;
import io.ballerina.projects.util.ProjectConstants;
import io.ballerina.projects.util.ProjectUtils;
import org.ballerinalang.test.BCompileUtil;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.wso2.ballerinalang.util.Lists;
import org.wso2.ballerinalang.util.RepoUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import static io.ballerina.projects.test.TestUtils.replaceDistributionVersionOfDependenciesToml;
import static io.ballerina.projects.util.ProjectConstants.CENTRAL_REPOSITORY_CACHE_NAME;
import static io.ballerina.projects.util.ProjectConstants.LOCAL_REPOSITORY_NAME;
/**
* Parent test class for all project api test cases. This will provide basic functionality for tests.
*
* @since 2.0.0
*/
public class BaseTest {
static final Path USER_HOME = Paths.get("build").resolve("user-home");
static final PrintStream OUT = System.out;
static final Path CUSTOM_USER_HOME = Paths.get("build", "userHome");
static final Path CENTRAL_CACHE = CUSTOM_USER_HOME.resolve("repositories/central.ballerina.io");
@BeforeSuite
public void init() throws IOException {
Files.createDirectories(CENTRAL_CACHE);
// Add the correct distribution version to dependencies.toml
Path packageBPath = Path.of("src/test/resources/projects_for_resolution_tests/package_b");
replaceDistributionVersionOfDependenciesToml(packageBPath, RepoUtils.getBallerinaShortVersion());
// Here package_a depends on package_b
// and package_b depends on package_c
// Therefore package_c is transitive dependency of package_a
BCompileUtil.compileAndCacheBala("projects_for_resolution_tests/package_c");
BCompileUtil.compileAndCacheBala("projects_for_resolution_tests/package_b");
BCompileUtil.compileAndCacheBala("projects_for_resolution_tests/package_e");
BCompileUtil.compileAndCacheBala("projects_for_edit_api_tests/package_dependency_v1");
BCompileUtil.compileAndCacheBala("projects_for_edit_api_tests/package_dependency_v2");
// Revert the distribution version to the placeholder
replaceDistributionVersionOfDependenciesToml(packageBPath, "**INSERT_DISTRIBUTION_VERSION_HERE**");
}
@DataProvider(name = "optimizeDependencyCompilation")
public Object [] [] provideOptimizeDependencyCompilation() {
return new Object [][] {{ false }, { true }};
}
protected void cacheDependencyToLocalRepo(Path dependency) throws IOException {
BuildProject dependencyProject = TestUtils.loadBuildProject(dependency);
PackageCompilation compilation = dependencyProject.currentPackage().getCompilation();
JBallerinaBackend jBallerinaBackend = JBallerinaBackend.from(compilation, JvmTarget.JAVA_17);
List<String> repoNames = Lists.of("local", "stdlib.local");
for (String repo : repoNames) {
Path localRepoPath = USER_HOME.resolve(ProjectConstants.REPOSITORIES_DIR)
.resolve(repo).resolve(ProjectConstants.BALA_DIR_NAME);
Path localRepoBalaCache = localRepoPath
.resolve("samjs").resolve("package_c").resolve("0.1.0").resolve("any");
Files.createDirectories(localRepoBalaCache);
jBallerinaBackend.emit(JBallerinaBackend.OutputType.BALA, localRepoBalaCache);
Path balaPath = Files.list(localRepoBalaCache).findAny().orElseThrow();
ProjectUtils.extractBala(balaPath, localRepoBalaCache);
try {
Files.delete(balaPath);
} catch (IOException e) {
// ignore the delete operation since we can continue
}
}
}
protected void cacheDependencyToLocalRepository(Path dependency) throws IOException {
BuildProject dependencyProject = TestUtils.loadBuildProject(dependency);
BaseTest.this.cacheDependencyToCentralRepository(dependencyProject, LOCAL_REPOSITORY_NAME);
}
protected void cacheDependencyToCentralRepository(Path dependency) throws IOException {
BuildProject dependencyProject = TestUtils.loadBuildProject(dependency);
cacheDependencyToCentralRepository(dependencyProject, CENTRAL_REPOSITORY_CACHE_NAME);
}
protected void cacheDependencyToCentralRepository(Path dependency, ProjectEnvironmentBuilder environmentBuilder)
throws IOException {
BuildProject dependencyProject = TestUtils.loadBuildProject(environmentBuilder, dependency,
BuildOptions.builder().setOffline(true).build());
cacheDependencyToCentralRepository(dependencyProject, CENTRAL_REPOSITORY_CACHE_NAME);
}
private void cacheDependencyToCentralRepository(BuildProject dependencyProject, String centralRepositoryCacheName)
throws IOException {
Package currentPackage = dependencyProject.currentPackage();
PackageCompilation compilation = currentPackage.getCompilation();
JBallerinaBackend jBallerinaBackend = JBallerinaBackend.from(compilation, JvmTarget.JAVA_17);
Path centralRepoPath = USER_HOME.resolve(ProjectConstants.REPOSITORIES_DIR)
.resolve(centralRepositoryCacheName).resolve(ProjectConstants.BALA_DIR_NAME);
Path centralRepoBalaCache = centralRepoPath
.resolve(currentPackage.packageOrg().value())
.resolve(currentPackage.packageName().value())
.resolve(currentPackage.packageVersion().value().toString())
.resolve(jBallerinaBackend.targetPlatform().code());
if (Files.exists(centralRepoBalaCache)) {
ProjectUtils.deleteDirectory(centralRepoBalaCache);
}
Files.createDirectories(centralRepoBalaCache);
jBallerinaBackend.emit(JBallerinaBackend.OutputType.BALA, centralRepoBalaCache);
Path balaPath = Files.list(centralRepoBalaCache).findAny().orElseThrow();
ProjectUtils.extractBala(balaPath, centralRepoBalaCache);
try {
Files.delete(balaPath);
} catch (IOException e) {
// ignore the delete operation since we can continue
}
}
protected Path getBalaPath(String org, String pkgName, String version) {
String ballerinaHome = System.getProperty("ballerina.home");
Path balaRepoPath = Paths.get(ballerinaHome).resolve("repo").resolve("bala");
return balaRepoPath.resolve(org).resolve(pkgName).resolve(version).resolve("any");
}
String getErrorsAsString(DiagnosticResult diagnosticResult) {
return diagnosticResult.diagnostics().stream().map(
diagnostic -> diagnostic.toString() + "\n").collect(Collectors.joining());
}
}
```
|
```c++
#ifndef BOOST_MPL_PLUS_HPP_INCLUDED
#define BOOST_MPL_PLUS_HPP_INCLUDED
//
// (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// path_to_url
//
// See path_to_url for documentation.
// $Id: plus.hpp 49267 2008-10-11 06:19:02Z agurtovoy $
// $Date: 2008-10-10 23:19:02 -0700 (Fri, 10 Oct 2008) $
// $Revision: 49267 $
#define AUX778076_OP_NAME plus
#define AUX778076_OP_TOKEN +
#include <boost/mpl/aux_/arithmetic_op.hpp>
#endif // BOOST_MPL_PLUS_HPP_INCLUDED
```
|
```javascript
module.exports = function(column) {
return this.query.hasOwnProperty(column) &&
this.opts.dateColumns.indexOf(column)==-1 &&
!this.opts.listColumns.hasOwnProperty(column);
}
```
|
```javascript
const path = require('path');
const webpack = require('webpack');
const merge = require('webpack-merge');
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
const SlateConfig = require('@shopify/slate-config');
const core = require('./parts/core');
const babel = require('./parts/babel');
const entry = require('./parts/entry');
const sass = require('./parts/sass');
const css = require('./parts/css');
const getLayoutEntrypoints = require('./utilities/get-layout-entrypoints');
const getTemplateEntrypoints = require('./utilities/get-template-entrypoints');
const HtmlWebpackIncludeLiquidStylesPlugin = require('../html-webpack-include-chunks');
const config = new SlateConfig(require('../../../slate-tools.schema'));
// add hot-reload related code to entry chunks
Object.keys(entry.entry).forEach((name) => {
entry.entry[name] = [path.join(__dirname, '../hot-client.js')].concat(
entry.entry[name],
);
});
module.exports = merge([
core,
entry,
babel,
sass,
css,
{
mode: 'development',
devtool: '#eval-source-map',
plugins: [
new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
excludeChunks: ['static'],
filename: `../snippets/script-tags.liquid`,
template: path.resolve(__dirname, '../script-tags.html'),
inject: false,
minify: {
removeComments: true,
removeAttributeQuotes: false,
},
isDevServer: true,
liquidTemplates: getTemplateEntrypoints(),
liquidLayouts: getLayoutEntrypoints(),
}),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
excludeChunks: ['static'],
filename: `../snippets/style-tags.liquid`,
template: path.resolve(__dirname, '../style-tags.html'),
inject: false,
minify: {
removeComments: true,
removeAttributeQuotes: false,
// more options:
// path_to_url#options-quick-reference
},
// necessary to consistently work with multiple chunks via CommonsChunkPlugin
chunksSortMode: 'dependency',
isDevServer: true,
liquidTemplates: getTemplateEntrypoints(),
liquidLayouts: getLayoutEntrypoints(),
}),
new HtmlWebpackIncludeLiquidStylesPlugin(),
],
},
config.get('webpack.extend'),
]);
```
|
```scss
@import "../../../common";
:host {
height: 100%;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
overflow: hidden;
.banner {
position: relative;
height: 50px;
background-color: $cds_color_teal;
text-align: center;
line-height: 50px;
color: white;
font-weight: 600;
.close {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 20px;
height: 18px;
width: 18px;
font-size: 18px;
cursor: pointer;
&:hover {
color: white;
}
.icon {
margin: unset;
}
}
}
.body {
display: flex;
flex: 1;
overflow: hidden;
flex-direction: row;
height: 100%;
.content {
flex: 1;
overflow: hidden;
}
.loading {
width: 100%;
}
}
}
```
|
```java
package net.lightbody.bmp.filters;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObject;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import net.lightbody.bmp.proxy.BlacklistEntry;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
/**
* Applies blacklist entries to this request. The filter does not make a defensive copy of the blacklist entries, so there is no guarantee
* that the blacklist at the time of construction will contain the same values when the filter is actually invoked, if the entries are modified concurrently.
*/
public class BlacklistFilter extends HttpsAwareFiltersAdapter {
private final Collection<BlacklistEntry> blacklistedUrls;
public BlacklistFilter(HttpRequest originalRequest, ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Collection<BlacklistEntry> blacklistedUrls) {
super(originalRequest, ctx);
if (blacklistedUrls != null) {
this.blacklistedUrls = blacklistedUrls;
} else {
this.blacklistedUrls = Collections.emptyList();
}
}
@Override
public HttpResponse clientToProxyRequest(HttpObject httpObject) {
if (httpObject instanceof HttpRequest) {
HttpRequest httpRequest = (HttpRequest) httpObject;
String url = getFullUrl(httpRequest);
for (BlacklistEntry entry : blacklistedUrls) {
if (HttpMethod.CONNECT.equals(httpRequest.getMethod()) && entry.getHttpMethodPattern() == null) {
// do not allow CONNECTs to be blacklisted unless a method pattern is explicitly specified
continue;
}
if (entry.matches(url, httpRequest.getMethod().name())) {
HttpResponseStatus status = HttpResponseStatus.valueOf(entry.getStatusCode());
HttpResponse resp = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(httpRequest.getProtocolVersion(), status);
HttpHeaders.setContentLength(resp, 0L);
return resp;
}
}
}
return null;
}
}
```
|
This is a list of Pakistani Test cricketers. A Test match is an international cricket match between two of the leading cricketing nations. The list is arranged in the order in which each player won his Test cap. Where more than one player won his first Test cap in the same Test match, those players are listed alphabetically by surname.
Players
Statistics are correct as of 27 July 2023.
Shirt number history
Since the 2019 Ashes series, there has been an introduction of names and numbers on all Test players' shirts in an effort to engage new fans and help identify the players. This forms part of the inaugural ICC World Test Championship, a league competition between the top nine Test nations spread over a two-year period, culminating in a Final between the top two teams.
^not worn on kit
See also
Test cricket
Pakistani cricket team
List of Pakistan ODI cricketers
List of Pakistan Twenty20 International cricketers
Notes
References
External links
Cricinfo
Howstat
Pakistan Test
Test
|
Westover is a city in Shelby County, Alabama, United States. The city is part of the Birmingham Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city was officially incorporated on January 31, 2001 although it was established in 1901 and had a population of 961 when it was incorporated in 2001.
History
One structure in Westover, the Archer House, is listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage.
Geography
Westover is located at .
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Westover is located along the busy U.S. Highway 280 corridor in the northeastern quadrant of Shelby County. Via US 280, downtown Birmingham is 26 mi (42 km) northwest, and Harpersville is 5 mi (8 km) east. The Westover City Fire Department is rated a 3/3X by ISO.
Pine Mountain Preserve, the largest development of its kind ever built in the State of Alabama, is an Eddleman Properties development which has been announced. It is on 6,500 acres of property in the City of Westover including a "Town Center". The "Town Center" includes parks, City development sites (City Hall, Library, Fire Stations, etc.), multiple school sites and commercial.
Education
The Shelby County School system covers the City of Westover as well as several area private schools. On July 19, 2011 the City Council passed a Resolution identifying multiple properties, within the Chelsea Area School Zone, available for donation to the Shelby County Board of Education.
Demographics
The City of Westover has experienced significant growth over the last few years. The newest residential subdivisions in the City of Westover include Chelsea Square, Carden Crest, The Villages of Westover, Willow Oaks and Yellowleaf Farms. Over seventy-five percent on the property in the City is owned by residential and or commercial developers.
Government
Larry Riggins, a Westover resident since 1997, was elected mayor of the city in 2016 after many residents became distrustful of the former mayor J. Mark McLaughlin. Mayor Riggins served on the City Council for two terms prior to being elected as mayor. Former mayor J. Mark McLaughlin served as mayor from 2004 to 2016 and chaired the Planning Commission from 2002-2004.
Notable person
Jim Bragan, former college baseball and minor league baseball president
Matt Guerrier, former major league baseball pitcher
References
Cities in Shelby County, Alabama
Cities in Alabama
Birmingham metropolitan area, Alabama
|
```c++
#include <GLES3/gl32.h>
#include <wayfire/debug.hpp>
const char *getStrSrc(GLenum src)
{
if (src == GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_API)
{
return "API";
}
if (src == GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_WINDOW_SYSTEM)
{
return "WINDOW_SYSTEM";
}
if (src == GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_SHADER_COMPILER)
{
return "SHADER_COMPILER";
}
if (src == GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_THIRD_PARTY)
{
return "THIRD_PARTYB";
}
if (src == GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_APPLICATION)
{
return "APPLICATIONB";
}
if (src == GL_DEBUG_SOURCE_OTHER)
{
return "OTHER";
} else
{
return "UNKNOWN";
}
}
const char *getStrType(GLenum type)
{
if (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_ERROR)
{
return "ERROR";
}
if (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_DEPRECATED_BEHAVIOR)
{
return "DEPRECATED_BEHAVIOR";
}
if (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_UNDEFINED_BEHAVIOR)
{
return "UNDEFINED_BEHAVIOR";
}
if (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_PORTABILITY)
{
return "PORTABILITY";
}
if (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_PERFORMANCE)
{
return "PERFORMANCE";
}
if (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_OTHER)
{
return "OTHER";
}
return "UNKNOWN";
}
const char *getStrSeverity(GLenum severity)
{
if (severity == GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_HIGH)
{
return "HIGH";
}
if (severity == GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_MEDIUM)
{
return "MEDIUM";
}
if (severity == GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_LOW)
{
return "LOW";
}
if (severity == GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_NOTIFICATION)
{
return "NOTIFICATION";
}
return "UNKNOWN";
}
void errorHandler(GLenum src, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity,
GLsizei len, const GLchar *msg, const void *dummy)
{
// ignore notifications
if (severity == GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_NOTIFICATION)
{
return;
}
LOGI(
"_______________________________________________\n",
"Source: ", getStrSrc(src), "\n",
"Type: ", getStrType(type), "\n",
"Severity: ", getStrSeverity(severity), "\n",
"Msg: ", msg, "\n",
"_______________________________________________\n");
}
void enable_gl_synchronous_debug()
{
glEnable(GL_DEBUG_OUTPUT);
glEnable(GL_DEBUG_OUTPUT_SYNCHRONOUS);
glDebugMessageCallback(errorHandler, 0);
}
```
|
```c
/* $OpenBSD: weak.c,v 1.3 2012/12/05 23:20:08 deraadt Exp $ */
/*
* Public domain. 2002, Federico Schwindt <fgsch@openbsd.org>.
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include "defs.h"
int
weak_func()
{
return (WEAK_REF);
}
__weak_alias(func,weak_func);
```
|
```desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=LxLauncher
Exec=lxlauncher
NoDisplay=true
```
|
Microtes helferi is a species of band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is found in western North America.
References
Oedipodinae
|
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
from vmaf.core.quality_runner import QualityRunner
from vmaf.core.result_store import FileSystemResultStore
from vmaf.routine import run_remove_results_for_dataset
from vmaf.tools.misc import import_python_file
__license__ = "BSD+Patent"
def print_usage():
quality_runner_types = ['VMAF', 'PSNR', 'SSIM', 'MS_SSIM']
print("usage: " + os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) + \
" quality_type dataset_filepath\n")
print("quality_type:\n\t" + "\n\t".join(quality_runner_types) +"\n")
def main():
if len(sys.argv) < 3:
print_usage()
return 2
try:
quality_type = sys.argv[1]
dataset_filepath = sys.argv[2]
except ValueError:
print_usage()
return 2
try:
dataset = import_python_file(dataset_filepath)
except Exception as e:
print("Error: " + str(e))
return 1
try:
runner_class = QualityRunner.find_subclass(quality_type)
except:
print_usage()
return 2
result_store = FileSystemResultStore()
run_remove_results_for_dataset(result_store, dataset, runner_class)
return 0
if __name__ == '__main__':
ret = main()
exit(ret)
```
|
Tinotenda Mbiri Kanayi Mawoyo (born 8 January 1986) is a Zimbabwean cricket commentator and former cricketer. He formerly played for the Mountaineers in the Zimbabwean Domestic Competition. He began his commentatory career as an occasional cricket commentator in the domestic cricket matches which were held in Zimbabwe and in other cricket series including the Sri Lankan cricket team's tour to Bangladesh in 2017-18 after being dropped out from the national team.
Domestic career
Mawoyo led the Zimbabwean Under-19 cricket team in six Under-19 One Day Internationals in 2003/4 and the U-19 World Cup the same season.
Mawoyo led Zimbabwe during the 2003–2004 U-19 World cup. He was not in form, averaging just 20 with a highest score of 32 not out. He was called up for a Zimbabwe A match against Bangladesh in 2006. He made his ODI debut against Bangladesh the same year. He scored just 10 and 14, so He was not included in the Zimbabwean World Cup Squad the next year.
Mawoyo was once appointed Zimbabwe A captain but was stripped of captaincy following inappropriate behaviour by the team which was at Bulawayo camp. He still remained a good batsman in Zimbabwe, being the Highest Run Scorer in the Metbank one-day competition with 424 runs averaging 60.57.
He now plays club cricket in England as an overseas player for Wickford Cricket Club in Essex.
International career
He made his ODI debut against Bangladesh in 2006. In spite of being a strong domestic player, He was dropped as he did not show enough potential on his first two matches. He made his Test debut against Bangladesh on 4 August 2011. He has been known for his 163* against Pakistan in a lone test match on 2 September 2011.
Mawoyo made his test debut against Bangladesh on 4 August 2011. He scored 43 & 35 on debut. On 2 September at Bulawayo, Mawoyo carried his bat through the innings in the only Test against Pakistan, scoring an unbeaten 163. He was the third Zimbabwean batsman to do so in a Test innings, after Mark Dekker in 1993 and Grant Flower in 1998. All three men achieved the feat in Tests against Pakistan.
He returned to ODIs in 2013, scoring a slow 9(26b,0x4,0x6). In the first test, he scored 50(95,7x4) and 9(18b,2x4). In the second test, he scored 8(30b,1x4) and 0(2b).
Education
Mawoyo attended Hillcrest College.
References
External links
Tino Mawoyo at Tino Mawoyo Junior Development Festival
1986 births
Living people
Zimbabwean cricketers
Zimbabwe One Day International cricketers
Manicaland cricketers
Zimbabwean Under-19 ODI captains
Cricketers at the 2011 Cricket World Cup
Zimbabwe Test cricketers
Wicket-keepers
|
This is a list of the Canada men's national soccer team results from its origin in 1924 to 1977.
Results
1924
1925
1926
1927
1957
1968
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
References
Soccer in Canada
1920s in Canadian sports
1950s in Canadian sports
1960s in Canadian sports
1970s in Canadian sports
Canada men's national soccer team results
|
```objective-c
//your_sha256_hash--------------
// File: Measure.h
//
// Desc: DirectShow base classes.
//
//your_sha256_hash--------------
/*
The idea is to pepper the source code with interesting measurements and
have the last few thousand of these recorded in a circular buffer that
can be post-processed to give interesting numbers.
WHAT THE LOG LOOKS LIKE:
Time (sec) Type Delta Incident_Name
0.055,41 NOTE -. Incident Nine - Another note
0.055,42 NOTE 0.000,01 Incident Nine - Another note
0.055,44 NOTE 0.000,02 Incident Nine - Another note
0.055,45 STOP -. Incident Eight - Also random
0.055,47 START -. Incident Seven - Random
0.055,49 NOTE 0.000,05 Incident Nine - Another note
------- <etc. there is a lot of this> ----------------
0.125,60 STOP 0.000,03 Msr_Stop
0.125,62 START -. Msr_Start
0.125,63 START -. Incident Two - Start/Stop
0.125,65 STOP 0.000,03 Msr_Start
0.125,66 START -. Msr_Stop
0.125,68 STOP 0.000,05 Incident Two - Start/Stop
0.125,70 STOP 0.000,04 Msr_Stop
0.125,72 START -. Msr_Start
0.125,73 START -. Incident Two - Start/Stop
0.125,75 STOP 0.000,03 Msr_Start
0.125,77 START -. Msr_Stop
0.125,78 STOP 0.000,05 Incident Two - Start/Stop
0.125,80 STOP 0.000,03 Msr_Stop
0.125,81 NOTE -. Incident Three - single Note
0.125,83 START -. Incident Four - Start, no stop
0.125,85 START -. Incident Five - Single Start/Stop
0.125,87 STOP 0.000,02 Incident Five - Single Start/Stop
Number Average StdDev Smallest Largest Incident_Name
10 0.000,58 0.000,10 0.000,55 0.000,85 Incident One - Note
50 0.000,05 0.000,00 0.000,05 0.000,05 Incident Two - Start/Stop
1 -. -. -. -. Incident Three - single Note
0 -. -. -. -. Incident Four - Start, no stop
1 0.000,02 -. 0.000,02 0.000,02 Incident Five - Single Start/Stop
0 -. -. -. -. Incident Six - zero occurrences
100 0.000,25 0.000,12 0.000,02 0.000,62 Incident Seven - Random
100 0.000,79 0.000,48 0.000,02 0.001,92 Incident Eight - Also random
5895 0.000,01 0.000,01 0.000,01 0.000,56 Incident Nine - Another note
10 0.000,03 0.000,00 0.000,03 0.000,04 Msr_Note
50 0.000,03 0.000,00 0.000,03 0.000,04 Msr_Start
50 0.000,04 0.000,03 0.000,03 0.000,31 Msr_Stop
WHAT IT MEANS:
The log shows what happened and when. Each line shows the time at which
something happened (see WHAT YOU CODE below) what it was that happened
and (if approporate) the time since the corresponding previous event
(that's the delta column).
The statistics show how many times each event occurred, what the average
delta time was, also the standard deviation, largest and smalles delta.
WHAT YOU CODE:
Before anything else executes: - register your ids
int id1 = Msr_Register("Incident One - Note");
int id2 = Msr_Register("Incident Two - Start/Stop");
int id3 = Msr_Register("Incident Three - single Note");
etc.
At interesting moments:
// To measure a repetitive event - e.g. end of bitblt to screen
Msr_Note(Id9); // e.g. "video frame hiting the screen NOW!"
or
// To measure an elapsed time e.g. time taken to decode an MPEG B-frame
Msr_Start(Id2); // e.g. "Starting to decode MPEG B-frame"
. . .
MsrStop(Id2); // "Finished MPEG decode"
At the end:
HANDLE hFile;
hFile = CreateFile("Perf.log", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, NULL);
Msr_Dump(hFile); // This writes the log out to the file
CloseHandle(hFile);
or
Msr_Dump(NULL); // This writes it to DbgLog((LOG_TRACE,0, ... ));
// but if you are writing it out to the debugger
// then the times are probably all garbage because
// the debugger can make things run awfully slow.
A given id should be used either for start / stop or Note calls. If Notes
are mixed in with Starts and Stops their statistics will be gibberish.
If you code the calls in upper case i.e. MSR_START(idMunge); then you get
macros which will turn into nothing unless PERF is defined.
You can reset the statistical counts for a given id by calling Reset(Id).
They are reset by default at the start.
It logs Reset as a special incident, so you can see it in the log.
The log is a circular buffer in storage (to try to minimise disk I/O).
It overwrites the oldest entries once full. The statistics include ALL
incidents since the last Reset, whether still visible in the log or not.
*/
#ifndef __MEASURE__
#define __MEASURE__
#ifdef PERF
#define MSR_INIT() Msr_Init()
#define MSR_TERMINATE() Msr_Terminate()
#define MSR_REGISTER(a) Msr_Register(a)
#define MSR_RESET(a) Msr_Reset(a)
#define MSR_CONTROL(a) Msr_Control(a)
#define MSR_START(a) Msr_Start(a)
#define MSR_STOP(a) Msr_Stop(a)
#define MSR_NOTE(a) Msr_Note(a)
#define MSR_INTEGER(a,b) Msr_Integer(a,b)
#define MSR_DUMP(a) Msr_Dump(a)
#define MSR_DUMPSTATS(a) Msr_DumpStats(a)
#else
#define MSR_INIT() ((void)0)
#define MSR_TERMINATE() ((void)0)
#define MSR_REGISTER(a) 0
#define MSR_RESET(a) ((void)0)
#define MSR_CONTROL(a) ((void)0)
#define MSR_START(a) ((void)0)
#define MSR_STOP(a) ((void)0)
#define MSR_NOTE(a) ((void)0)
#define MSR_INTEGER(a,b) ((void)0)
#define MSR_DUMP(a) ((void)0)
#define MSR_DUMPSTATS(a) ((void)0)
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
// This must be called first - (called by the DllEntry)
void WINAPI Msr_Init(void);
// Call this last to clean up (or just let it fall off the end - who cares?)
void WINAPI Msr_Terminate(void);
// Call this to get an Id for an "incident" that you can pass to Start, Stop or Note
// everything that's logged is called an "incident".
int WINAPI Msr_Register(__in LPTSTR Incident);
// Reset the statistical counts for an incident
void WINAPI Msr_Reset(int Id);
// Reset all the counts for all incidents
#define MSR_RESET_ALL 0
#define MSR_PAUSE 1
#define MSR_RUN 2
void WINAPI Msr_Control(int iAction);
// log the start of an operation
void WINAPI Msr_Start(int Id);
// log the end of an operation
void WINAPI Msr_Stop(int Id);
// log a one-off or repetitive operation
void WINAPI Msr_Note(int Id);
// log an integer (on which we can see statistics later)
void WINAPI Msr_Integer(int Id, int n);
// print out all the vaialable log (it may have wrapped) and then the statistics.
// When the log wraps you lose log but the statistics are still complete.
// hFIle==NULL => use DbgLog
// otherwise hFile must have come from CreateFile or OpenFile.
void WINAPI Msr_Dump(HANDLE hFile);
// just dump the statistics - never mind the log
void WINAPI Msr_DumpStats(HANDLE hFile);
// Type definitions in case you want to declare a pointer to the dump functions
// (makes it a trifle easier to do dynamic linking
// i.e. LoadModule, GetProcAddress and call that)
// Typedefs so can declare MSR_DUMPPROC *MsrDumpStats; or whatever
typedef void WINAPI MSR_DUMPPROC(HANDLE hFile);
typedef void WINAPI MSR_CONTROLPROC(int iAction);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif // __MEASURE__
```
|
Gonocausta vestigialis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Snellen in 1890. It is found in India (Sikkim).
References
Moths described in 1890
Spilomelinae
|
In Māori mythology, Punga is a supernatural being, the ancestor of sharks, lizards, rays, and all deformed, ugly things. All ugly and strange animals are Punga's children. Hence the saying Te aitanga a Punga (the offspring of Punga) used to describe an ugly person.
Family and mythology
Punga is a son of Tangaroa, the god of the sea, and when Tāwhirimātea (god of storms) made war against his brothers after they separated Rangi and Papa (sky and earth), the two sons of Punga, Ikatere and Tū-te-wehiwehi, had to flee for their lives. Ikatere fled to the sea, and became the ancestor of certain fish, while Tū-te-wehiwehi took refuge in the forest, and became the ancestor of lizards.
Etymology
As is appropriate for a son of Tangaroa, Punga's name has a maritime origin - in the Māori language, 'punga' means 'anchor stone' - in tropical Polynesia, related words refer to coral stone, also used as an anchor (Craig 1989:219, Tregear 1891:374).
According to some versions, Punga is the son of Rangi-potiki (father sky) and Papatūānuku (mother earth) and a twin brother to Here. In a version of the epic of Tāwhaki attributed by White to the Ngāti Hau tribe, Punga is named as a brother of Karihi and Hemā; however, in many versions, he is a cousin of the brothers Karihi and Tāwhaki (Craig 1989:219, Tregear 1891:374, White 1887:95, 125).
Elsewhere in Polynesia
In some Hawaiian stories, Hema and Punga are sons of Aikanaka and Hinahanaiakamalama (Tregear 1891:374).
References
R. D. Craig, Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology (Greenwood Press: New York), 1989.
E. R. Tregear, Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary (Lyon and Blair: Lambton Quay), 1891.
J. White, The Ancient History of the Maori, Volume I (Government Printer: Wellington), 1887.
Māori gods
|
```xml
import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef } from 'react';
import { defineMessages, FormattedMessage, useIntl } from 'react-intl';
import { Helmet } from 'react-helmet';
import { useDebouncedCallback } from 'use-debounce';
import DoneAllIcon from '@/material-icons/400-24px/done_all.svg?react';
import NotificationsIcon from '@/material-icons/400-24px/notifications-fill.svg?react';
import {
fetchNotificationsGap,
updateScrollPosition,
loadPending,
markNotificationsAsRead,
mountNotifications,
unmountNotifications,
} from 'mastodon/actions/notification_groups';
import { compareId } from 'mastodon/compare_id';
import { Icon } from 'mastodon/components/icon';
import { NotSignedInIndicator } from 'mastodon/components/not_signed_in_indicator';
import { useIdentity } from 'mastodon/identity_context';
import type { NotificationGap } from 'mastodon/reducers/notification_groups';
import {
selectUnreadNotificationGroupsCount,
selectPendingNotificationGroupsCount,
selectAnyPendingNotification,
selectNotificationGroups,
} from 'mastodon/selectors/notifications';
import {
selectNeedsNotificationPermission,
selectSettingsNotificationsShowUnread,
} from 'mastodon/selectors/settings';
import { useAppDispatch, useAppSelector } from 'mastodon/store';
import { addColumn, removeColumn, moveColumn } from '../../actions/columns';
import { submitMarkers } from '../../actions/markers';
import Column from '../../components/column';
import { ColumnHeader } from '../../components/column_header';
import { LoadGap } from '../../components/load_gap';
import ScrollableList from '../../components/scrollable_list';
import {
FilteredNotificationsBanner,
FilteredNotificationsIconButton,
} from '../notifications/components/filtered_notifications_banner';
import NotificationsPermissionBanner from '../notifications/components/notifications_permission_banner';
import ColumnSettingsContainer from '../notifications/containers/column_settings_container';
import { NotificationGroup } from './components/notification_group';
import { FilterBar } from './filter_bar';
const messages = defineMessages({
title: { id: 'column.notifications', defaultMessage: 'Notifications' },
markAsRead: {
id: 'notifications.mark_as_read',
defaultMessage: 'Mark every notification as read',
},
});
export const Notifications: React.FC<{
columnId?: string;
multiColumn?: boolean;
}> = ({ columnId, multiColumn }) => {
const intl = useIntl();
const notifications = useAppSelector(selectNotificationGroups);
const dispatch = useAppDispatch();
const isLoading = useAppSelector((s) => s.notificationGroups.isLoading);
const hasMore = notifications.at(-1)?.type === 'gap';
const lastReadId = useAppSelector((s) =>
selectSettingsNotificationsShowUnread(s)
? s.notificationGroups.readMarkerId
: '0',
);
const numPending = useAppSelector(selectPendingNotificationGroupsCount);
const unreadNotificationsCount = useAppSelector(
selectUnreadNotificationGroupsCount,
);
const anyPendingNotification = useAppSelector(selectAnyPendingNotification);
const needsReload = useAppSelector(
(state) => state.notificationGroups.mergedNotifications === 'needs-reload',
);
const isUnread = unreadNotificationsCount > 0 || needsReload;
const canMarkAsRead =
useAppSelector(selectSettingsNotificationsShowUnread) &&
anyPendingNotification;
const needsNotificationPermission = useAppSelector(
selectNeedsNotificationPermission,
);
const columnRef = useRef<Column>(null);
const selectChild = useCallback((index: number, alignTop: boolean) => {
const container = columnRef.current?.node as HTMLElement | undefined;
if (!container) return;
const element = container.querySelector<HTMLElement>(
`article:nth-of-type(${index + 1}) .focusable`,
);
if (element) {
if (alignTop && container.scrollTop > element.offsetTop) {
element.scrollIntoView(true);
} else if (
!alignTop &&
container.scrollTop + container.clientHeight <
element.offsetTop + element.offsetHeight
) {
element.scrollIntoView(false);
}
element.focus();
}
}, []);
// Keep track of mounted components for unread notification handling
useEffect(() => {
void dispatch(mountNotifications());
return () => {
dispatch(unmountNotifications());
void dispatch(updateScrollPosition({ top: false }));
};
}, [dispatch]);
const handleLoadGap = useCallback(
(gap: NotificationGap) => {
void dispatch(fetchNotificationsGap({ gap }));
},
[dispatch],
);
const handleLoadOlder = useDebouncedCallback(
() => {
const gap = notifications.at(-1);
if (gap?.type === 'gap') void dispatch(fetchNotificationsGap({ gap }));
},
300,
{ leading: true },
);
const handleLoadPending = useCallback(() => {
dispatch(loadPending());
}, [dispatch]);
const handleScrollToTop = useDebouncedCallback(() => {
void dispatch(updateScrollPosition({ top: true }));
}, 100);
const handleScroll = useDebouncedCallback(() => {
void dispatch(updateScrollPosition({ top: false }));
}, 100);
useEffect(() => {
return () => {
handleLoadOlder.cancel();
handleScrollToTop.cancel();
handleScroll.cancel();
};
}, [handleLoadOlder, handleScrollToTop, handleScroll]);
const handlePin = useCallback(() => {
if (columnId) {
dispatch(removeColumn(columnId));
} else {
dispatch(addColumn('NOTIFICATIONS', {}));
}
}, [columnId, dispatch]);
const handleMove = useCallback(
(dir: unknown) => {
dispatch(moveColumn(columnId, dir));
},
[dispatch, columnId],
);
const handleHeaderClick = useCallback(() => {
columnRef.current?.scrollTop();
}, []);
const handleMoveUp = useCallback(
(id: string) => {
const elementIndex =
notifications.findIndex(
(item) => item.type !== 'gap' && item.group_key === id,
) - 1;
selectChild(elementIndex, true);
},
[notifications, selectChild],
);
const handleMoveDown = useCallback(
(id: string) => {
const elementIndex =
notifications.findIndex(
(item) => item.type !== 'gap' && item.group_key === id,
) + 1;
selectChild(elementIndex, false);
},
[notifications, selectChild],
);
const handleMarkAsRead = useCallback(() => {
dispatch(markNotificationsAsRead());
void dispatch(submitMarkers({ immediate: true }));
}, [dispatch]);
const pinned = !!columnId;
const emptyMessage = (
<FormattedMessage
id='empty_column.notifications'
defaultMessage="You don't have any notifications yet. When other people interact with you, you will see it here."
/>
);
const { signedIn } = useIdentity();
const filterBar = signedIn ? <FilterBar /> : null;
const scrollableContent = useMemo(() => {
if (notifications.length === 0 && !hasMore) return null;
return notifications.map((item) =>
item.type === 'gap' ? (
<LoadGap
key={`${item.maxId}-${item.sinceId}`}
disabled={isLoading}
param={item}
onClick={handleLoadGap}
/>
) : (
<NotificationGroup
key={item.group_key}
notificationGroupId={item.group_key}
onMoveUp={handleMoveUp}
onMoveDown={handleMoveDown}
unread={
lastReadId !== '0' &&
!!item.page_max_id &&
compareId(item.page_max_id, lastReadId) > 0
}
/>
),
);
}, [
notifications,
isLoading,
hasMore,
lastReadId,
handleLoadGap,
handleMoveUp,
handleMoveDown,
]);
const prepend = (
<>
{needsNotificationPermission && <NotificationsPermissionBanner />}
<FilteredNotificationsBanner />
</>
);
const scrollContainer = signedIn ? (
<ScrollableList
scrollKey={`notifications-${columnId}`}
trackScroll={!pinned}
isLoading={isLoading}
showLoading={isLoading && notifications.length === 0}
hasMore={hasMore}
numPending={numPending}
prepend={prepend}
alwaysPrepend
emptyMessage={emptyMessage}
onLoadMore={handleLoadOlder}
onLoadPending={handleLoadPending}
onScrollToTop={handleScrollToTop}
onScroll={handleScroll}
bindToDocument={!multiColumn}
>
{scrollableContent}
</ScrollableList>
) : (
<NotSignedInIndicator />
);
const extraButton = (
<>
<FilteredNotificationsIconButton className='column-header__button' />
{canMarkAsRead && (
<button
aria-label={intl.formatMessage(messages.markAsRead)}
title={intl.formatMessage(messages.markAsRead)}
onClick={handleMarkAsRead}
className='column-header__button'
>
<Icon id='done-all' icon={DoneAllIcon} />
</button>
)}
</>
);
return (
<Column
bindToDocument={!multiColumn}
ref={columnRef}
label={intl.formatMessage(messages.title)}
>
<ColumnHeader
icon='bell'
iconComponent={NotificationsIcon}
active={isUnread}
title={intl.formatMessage(messages.title)}
onPin={handlePin}
onMove={handleMove}
onClick={handleHeaderClick}
pinned={pinned}
multiColumn={multiColumn}
extraButton={extraButton}
>
<ColumnSettingsContainer />
</ColumnHeader>
{filterBar}
{scrollContainer}
<Helmet>
<title>{intl.formatMessage(messages.title)}</title>
<meta name='robots' content='noindex' />
</Helmet>
</Column>
);
};
// eslint-disable-next-line import/no-default-export
export default Notifications;
```
|
Inveneo is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based in San Francisco with focus on Information and Communication Technologies for organizations supporting underserved communities in the developing world, mostly in Africa. The organization has developed an ultra low-powered computer, called the Inveneo Computing Station, as well as a VoIP-enabled unit called the Inveneo Communication Station, and a hub server, all of which are designed to run on a 12-volt power supply. The Inveneo Computing and Communication Stations were originally based on a reference design ION A603 mini PC by First International Computer and run AMD Geode CPU.
In addition to ultra low-power computers and servers, Inveneo has also created long-distance wireless (WiFi) Local-Area Networking (LAN) gear and its own open-source operating systems for its desktop and server products (based on Ubuntu). The organization focuses on finding, training, and certifying local partners who can install, service, and support the rural installations quickly and at a much lower cost than flying in Inveneo engineers. Inveneo also helped to set up a communication system for relief workers after Hurricane Katrina. Jamais Cascio, a co-founder of WorldChanging, featured Inveneo in July 2005.
See also
eCorps
Geekcorps
Geeks Without Bounds
NetDay
One Laptop per Child
Peace Corps
Random Hacks of Kindness
United Nations Information Technology Service (UNITeS)
References
External links
Inveneo.org
Inveneo wiki
Inveneo photostream
Media
Solar-powered Wi-Fi a gift to Senegal
Toward Freedom – Internet Access Fuels Development in War-Torn Uganda
Worldchanging Interview: Inveneo
Appropriate technology organizations
Information and communication technologies for development
Non-profit organizations based in San Francisco
|
Protestant Women in Germany (Evangelische Frauen in Deutschland or EFiD) is an ecumenical umbrella group of 40 German Protestant (evangelical) women's organizations. Its headquarters is in Hanover, and it was founded in 2008. It represents about three million German women.
References
External links
Official website
Protestant ecumenism
Christian organizations established in 2008
|
John Harold Haydel (July 9, 1944 - September 12, 2018) was an American professional baseball player who was a pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). Haydel signed with the Milwaukee Braves as a free agent in 1962. Later that year, he was drafted in the First-Year player draft by the Houston Colt .45s. The following year, he was traded along with Dick LeMay and Merritt Ranew to the Chicago Cubs for Dave Gerard and Danny Murphy. In 1966, Haydel was selected in the Minor League Draft by the San Francisco Giants. Three years later, he was drafted in the Rule 5 draft by the Minnesota Twins. During his time with the Twins, Haydel played at the Major League level in 1970 and 1971.
Haydel died September 12, 2018.
References
Sportspeople from Houma, Louisiana
Minnesota Twins players
Major League Baseball pitchers
2018 deaths
1944 births
Baseball players from Louisiana
Arizona Instructional League Cubs players
Arizona Instructional League Giants players
Dallas–Fort Worth Spurs players
Dublin Braves players
Evansville Triplets players
Phoenix Giants players
Portland Beavers players
St. Cloud Rox players
Tacoma Twins players
Wenatchee Chiefs players
Burials in Louisiana
|
```objective-c
//
// JSONModelArray.h
//
// @version 0.8.0
// @author Marin Todorov, path_to_url
//
// This code is distributed under the terms and conditions of the MIT license.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
/**
* **Don't make instances of JSONModelArray yourself, except you know what you are doing.**
*
* You get automatically JSONModelArray instances, when you declare a convert on demand property, like so:
*
* @property (strong, nonatomic) NSArray<JSONModel, ConvertOnDemand>* list;
*
* The class stores its contents as they come from JSON, and upon the first request
* of each of the objects stored in the array, it'll be converted to the target model class.
* Thus saving time upon the very first model creation.
*/
@interface JSONModelArray : NSObject <NSFastEnumeration>
/**
* Don't make instances of JSONModelArray yourself, except you know what you are doing.
*
* @param array an array of NSDictionary objects
* @param cls the JSONModel sub-class you'd like the NSDictionaries to be converted to on demand
*/
- (id)initWithArray:(NSArray *)array modelClass:(Class)cls;
- (id)objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index;
- (id)objectAtIndexedSubscript:(NSUInteger)index;
- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation;
- (NSUInteger)count;
- (id)firstObject;
- (id)lastObject;
/**
* Looks up the array's contents and tries to find a JSONModel object
* with matching index property value to the indexValue param.
*
* Will return nil if no matching model is found. Will return nil if there's no index property
* defined on the models found in the array (will sample the first object, assuming the array
* contains homogenous collection of objects)
*
* @param indexValue the id value to search for
* @return the found model or nil
*/
- (id)modelWithIndexValue:(id)indexValue;
@end
```
|
```shell
#!/usr/bin/env bash
cmd="backup $1"
source scripts/_lib.sh
$cmd
```
|
Nancy Roos (February 28, 1905 – April 6, 1957) was a U.S. chess champion.
She was born as Nanny [sic] Krotoschin in Berlin, which was then a part of Prussia, to Georg Krotoschin and Martha Cohn Krotoschin, who were part of a large Jewish family that had lived in Berlin for generations. She married Martin Roos, who had been born in 1903 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Her place of birth has often been listed incorrectly in various sources as Brussels, Belgium, as that is where she wed Roos in 1936. Before coming to America in 1939, she was active at the Cercle l'Echiquier in Brussels. Roos' sister Eva Krotoschin Beim was murdered in the Holocaust, and her brother Heinz "Henry" Kent survived and later gave videotaped testimony to the USC Shoah Project.
Roos won the U.S. Women's Chess Championship in 1955 with Gisela Kahn Gresser, both scoring 9–2.
She took second at the Pan-American Tournament in 1954 behind Mary Bain and Mona May Karff, and tied for second at the 1942 U.S. Women's Championship behind Adele Belcher and Karff.
Roos was a professional photographer and at the time of her death was the second highest rated woman in the U.S. Chess Federation.
She died of breast cancer in Los Angeles, California.
References
1905 births
1957 deaths
American female chess players
American chess players
Belgian female chess players
Belgian chess players
Jewish chess players
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
20th-century chess players
20th-century American women
Emigrants from Nazi Germany
Immigrants to Belgium
Immigrants to the United States
|
```javascript
try {
// this path should point the to Schema JSON file generated by /scripts/updateSchema.js
// if this file does not exist, run the following command:
// npm run update-schema
const schema = require('../dist/graphql-relay/schema.json');
const getBabelRelayPlugin = require('babel-relay-plugin');
module.exports = getBabelRelayPlugin(schema.data);
} catch (err) {
console.log(', no schema file was found, please run: npm run update-schema');
}
```
|
Geotrupes opacus, commonly known as the opaque earth boring beetle, is a species of earth-boring scarab beetle in the family Geotrupidae.
References
Further reading
Geotrupidae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1853
|
```python
from requests.models import Response
RESPONSE_LIST_WORKFLOWS = {
"result": {
"workflows":
[
{
"workflow": "SOCTeamReview",
"type": "USER",
"value": "admin"
},
{
"workflow": "ActivityOutlierWorkflow",
"type": "USER",
"value": "admin"
},
{
"workflow": "AccessCertificationWorkflow",
"type": "USER",
"value": "admin"
}
]
}
}
RESPONSE_DEFAULT_ASSIGNEE = {
"result": {
"type": "USER",
"value": "admin"
}
}
RESPONSE_POSSIBLE_THREAT_ACTIONS = {
"result": [
"Mark as concern and create incident",
"Non-Concern",
"Mark in progress (still investigating)"
]
}
RESPONSE_LIST_RESOURCE_GROUPS = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>" \
"<resourceGroups>" \
"<resourceGroup>" \
"<name>Bluecoat Proxy</name>" \
"<type>Bluecoat Proxy</type>" \
"</resourceGroup>" \
"<resourceGroup>" \
"<name>Ironport Data</name>" \
"<type>Cisco Ironport Email</type>" \
"</resourceGroup>" \
"<resourceGroup>" \
"<name>Windchill Data</name>" \
"<type>Windchill</type>" \
"</resourceGroup>" \
"</resourceGroups>"
RESPONSE_LIST_USERS = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>" \
"<users>" \
"<user>" \
"<approverEmployeeId>1082</approverEmployeeId> " \
"<costCenterCode>ILEGCCC13</costCenterCode>" \
"<criticality>Low</criticality>" \
"<department>SAP Administrator</department>" \
"<division>Global Technology</division>" \
"<email>momo@demisto.com</email>" \
"<employeeId>1644</employeeId>" \
"<employeeType>FT</employeeType>" \
"<enableDate>2018-08-15T12:50:11Z</enableDate>" \
"<firstName>Tan</firstName>" \
"<hireDate>2009-08-08T00:00:00Z</hireDate>" \
"<jobCode>R1</jobCode>" \
"<lastName>Gul</lastName>" \
"<location>ALABAMA</location>" \
"<managerEmployeeId>1084</managerEmployeeId>" \
"<managerFirstname>Axel</managerFirstname>" \
"<managerLastname>Figueroa</managerLastname>" \
"<masked>false</masked> <riskscore>0.0</riskscore>" \
"<skipEncryption>false</skipEncryption>" \
"<status>1</status>" \
"<title>Sr. Legal Advisor</title>" \
"<user>" \
"</user>" \
"<approverEmployeeId>1082</approverEmployeeId>" \
"<costCenterCode>ILEGCCC13</costCenterCode>" \
"<criticality>Low</criticality>" \
"<department>Legal Department</department>" \
"<division>Legal</division>" \
"<email>foo@demisto.com</email>" \
"<employeeId>1631</employeeId>" \
"<employeeType>FT</employeeType>" \
"<enableDate>2018-08-15T12:50:11Z</enableDate>" \
"<firstName>Lauren</firstName>" \
"<hireDate>2009-08-08T00:00:00Z</hireDate>" \
"<jobCode>R1</jobCode>" \
"<lastName>Clarke</lastName>" \
"<location>ALABAMA</location>" \
"<managerEmployeeId>1066</managerEmployeeId>" \
"<managerFirstname>Kyla</managerFirstname>" \
"<managerLastname>Clay</managerLastname>" \
"<masked>false</masked>" \
"<riskscore>0.0</riskscore>" \
"<skipEncryption>false</skipEncryption>" \
"<status>1</status>" \
"<title>Sr. Legal Advisor</title>" \
"<workPhone>216-564-5141</workPhone>" \
"</user>" \
"</users>"
RESPONSE_LIST_INCIDENT = {
"result": {
"data": {
"totalIncidents": 1.0,
"incidentItems": [
{
"violatorText": "Cyndi Converse",
"lastUpdateDate": 1566293234026,
"violatorId": "96",
"incidentType": "RISK MODEL",
"incidentId": "100181",
"incidentStatus": "COMPLETED",
"riskscore": 0.0,
"assignedUser": "Account Access 02",
"assignedGroup": "Administrators",
"priority": "None",
"reason": [
"Resource: Symantec Email DLP"
],
"violatorSubText": "1096",
"entity": "Users",
"workflowName": "SOCTeamReview",
"url": "path_to_url",
"isWhitelisted": False,
"watchlisted": False,
"policystarttime": 1692950376801,
"policyendtime": 1695613655539,
"solrquery": "index = violation and ( ( @policyname = \"Response-*PB?-Resources-\\AutoPlay\" and @resourcename=\"Activityres17-Resource-549829\" ) ) AND @tenantname=\"Response-Automation\" AND datetime between \"02/07/2023 15:52:12\" \"02/07/2023 15:52:13\"" # noqa: E501
}
]
}
}
}
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT = {
"result": {
"data": {
"totalIncidents": 1.0,
"incidentItems": [
{
"violatorText": "Cyndi Converse",
"lastUpdateDate": 1566232568502,
"violatorId": "96",
"incidentType": "Policy",
"incidentId": "100107",
"incidentStatus": "COMPLETED",
"riskscore": 0.0,
"assignedUser": "Admin Admin",
"priority": "low",
"reason": [
"Resource: Symantec Email DLP",
"Policy: Emails with large File attachments",
"Threat: Data egress attempts"
],
"violatorSubText": "1096",
"entity": "Users",
"workflowName": "SOCTeamReview",
"url": "path_to_url",
"isWhitelisted": False,
"watchlisted": False,
"policystarttime": 1692950376801,
"policyendtime": 1695613655539,
"solrquery": "index = violation and ( ( @policyname = \"Response-*PB?-Resources-\\AutoPlay\" and @resourcename=\"Activityres17-Resource-549829\" ) ) AND @tenantname=\"Response-Automation\" AND datetime between \"02/07/2023 15:52:12\" \"02/07/2023 15:52:13\"" # noqa: E501
}
]
}
}
}
RESPONSE_CREATE_INCIDENT = {
'status': 'OK',
'messages': ['Get incident details for incident ID [30053]'],
'result': {
'data': {
'totalIncidents': 1.0,
'incidentItems': [
{
'violatorText': 'jon doe',
'lastUpdateDate': 1579686449882,
'violatorId': '3',
'incidentType': 'Policy',
'incidentId': '30053',
'incidentStatus': 'Open',
'riskscore': 0.0,
'assignedUser': 'Admin Admin',
'priority': 'Low',
'reason': ['Resource: BLUECOAT', 'Policy: Uploads to personal websites',
'Threat: Data egress via network uploads'],
'violatorSubText': '1003',
'entity': 'Users',
'workflowName': 'SOCTeamReview',
'url': 'url.com',
'isWhitelisted': False,
'watchlisted': True,
'tenantInfo': {
'tenantid': 1,
'tenantname': 'Securonix',
'tenantcolor': '#000000',
'tenantshortcode': 'SE'
},
'statusCompleted': False,
'sandBoxPolicy': False,
'parentCaseId': '',
'casecreatetime': 1579686449882
}
]
}
}
}
RESPONSE_PERFORM_ACTION_ON_INCIDENT = {
'result': 'submitted'
}
RESPONSE_LIST_WATCHLISTS = {
"result": [
"Domain_Admin", "Privileged_Users", "Privileged_Accounts", "Recent_Hires"
]
}
RESPONSE_GET_WATCHLIST = {
"available": "false",
"error": "false",
"events": [
{
"directImport": "false",
"hour": "0",
"ignored": "false",
"invalid": "false",
"invalidEventAction": "0",
"tenantid": "1",
"tenantname": "Securonix",
"u_id": "-1",
"u_userid": "-1",
"result": {
"entry": [
{
"key": "reason",
"value": ""
},
{
"key": "expirydate",
"value": "1540674976881"
},
{
"key": "u_employeeid",
"value": "1002"
},
{
"key": "u_department",
"value": "Mainframe and Midrange Administration"
},
{
"key": "u_workphone",
"value": "9728351246"
},
{
"key": "u_division",
"value": "Global Technology"
},
{
"key": "confidencefactor",
"value": "0.0"
},
{
"key": "entityname",
"value": "1002"
},
{
"key": "u_jobcode",
"value": "R1"
},
{
"key": "u_hiredate",
"value": "1249707600000"
},
{
"key": "type", "value": "Users"
},
{
"key": "u_costcentername",
"value": "IINFCCC12"
}
]
}
}
],
"from": "1533842667887",
"offset": "1000",
"query": "index=watchlist AND watchlistname=\"Flight RiskUsers\"",
"searchViolations": "false",
"to": "1536521067887",
"totalDocuments": "1"
}
RESPONSE_CREATE_WATCHLIST = "New watchlist created successfully!"
RESPONSE_ENTITY_IN_WATCHLIST = {
'status': 'OK',
'messages': ['EntityId provided present in test234?'],
'result': ['YES']
}
RESPONSE_ADD_ENTITY_TO_WATCHLIST = "Add to watchlist successfull..!"
RESPONSE_FETCH_INCIDENT_ITEM = {
"assignedGroup": "SECURITYOPERATIONS",
"casecreatetime": 1579500273595,
"entity": "Users",
"incidentId": "10134",
"incidentStatus": "OPEN",
"incidentType": "Policy",
"isWhitelisted": False,
"lastUpdateDate": 1585227067399,
"parentCaseId": "",
"priority": "low",
"reason": [
"Resource: BLUECOAT",
"Policy: Uploads to personal websites",
"Threat: Data egress via network uploads"
],
"riskscore": 0,
"sandBoxPolicy": False,
"statusCompleted": False,
"tenantInfo": {
"tenantcolor": "#000000",
"tenantid": 1,
"tenantname": "Securonix",
"tenantshortcode": "SE"
},
"url": "demisto.com",
"violatorId": "12",
"violatorSubText": "1012",
"violatorText": "Secret secret",
"watchlisted": False,
"workflowName": "SOCTeamReview",
"policystarttime": 1692950376801,
"policyendtime": 1695613655539,
"solrquery": "index = violation and ( ( @policyname = \"Response-PB-Resources-AutoPlay\" and @resourcename=\"Activityres17-Resource-549829\" ) ) AND @tenantname=\"Response-Automation\" AND datetime between \"02/07/2023 15:52:12\" \"02/07/2023 15:52:13\"" # noqa: E501
}
RESPONSE_FETCH_INCIDENT_ITEM_VERSION_6_4 = {
"assignedGroup": "SECURITYOPERATIONS",
"casecreatetime": 1579500273595,
"entity": "Users",
"incidentId": "10134",
"incidentStatus": "OPEN",
"incidentType": "Policy",
"isWhitelisted": False,
"lastUpdateDate": 1585227067399,
"parentCaseId": "",
"priority": "low",
"reason": [
"Resource: BLUECOAT",
{"Policies": ["Uploads to personal websites"]},
"Threat Model: Data egress via network uploads"
],
"riskscore": 0,
"sandBoxPolicy": False,
"statusCompleted": False,
"tenantInfo": {
"tenantcolor": "#000000",
"tenantid": 1,
"tenantname": "Securonix",
"tenantshortcode": "SE"
},
"url": "demisto.com",
"violatorId": "12",
"violatorSubText": "1012",
"violatorText": "Secret secret",
"watchlisted": False,
"workflowName": "SOCTeamReview",
"policystarttime": 1692950376801,
"policyendtime": 1695613655539,
"solrquery": "index = violation and ( ( @policyname = \"Response-PB-Resources-AutoPlay\" and @resourcename=\"Activityres17-Resource-549829\" ) ) AND @tenantname=\"Response-Automation\" AND datetime between \"02/07/2023 15:52:12\" \"02/07/2023 15:52:13\"" # noqa: E501
}
RESPONSE_FETCH_INCIDENT_ITEM_NO_THREAT_MODEL = {
"assignedGroup": "SECURITYOPERATIONS",
"casecreatetime": 1579500273595,
"entity": "Users",
"incidentId": "10134",
"incidentStatus": "OPEN",
"incidentType": "Policy",
"isWhitelisted": False,
"lastUpdateDate": 1585227067399,
"parentCaseId": "",
"priority": "low",
"reason": [
"Resource: BLUECOAT"
],
"riskscore": 0,
"sandBoxPolicy": False,
"statusCompleted": False,
"tenantInfo": {
"tenantcolor": "#000000",
"tenantid": 1,
"tenantname": "Securonix",
"tenantshortcode": "SE"
},
"url": "demisto.com",
"violatorId": "12",
"violatorSubText": "1012",
"violatorText": "Secret secret",
"watchlisted": False,
"workflowName": "SOCTeamReview",
"policystarttime": 1692950376801,
"policyendtime": 1695613655539,
"solrquery": "index = violation and ( ( @policyname = \"Response-PB-Resources-AutoPlay\" and @resourcename=\"Activityres17-Resource-549829\" ) ) AND @tenantname=\"Response-Automation\" AND datetime between \"02/07/2023 15:52:12\" \"02/07/2023 15:52:13\"" # noqa: E501
}
RESPONSE_FETCH_INCIDENT_ITEM_MULTIPLE_REASONS = {
"assignedGroup": "SECURITYOPERATIONS",
"casecreatetime": 1579500273595,
"entity": "Users",
"incidentId": "10135",
"incidentStatus": "OPEN",
"incidentType": "Policy",
"isWhitelisted": False,
"lastUpdateDate": 1585227067399,
"parentCaseId": "",
"priority": "low",
"reason": [
"Resource: BLUECOAT",
"Policy: Uploads to personal websites",
"Threat: Data egress via network uploads",
"Resource: Email Gateway",
"Policy: Emails Sent to Personal Email",
"Threat: mock"
],
"riskscore": 0,
"sandBoxPolicy": False,
"statusCompleted": False,
"tenantInfo": {
"tenantcolor": "#000000",
"tenantid": 1,
"tenantname": "Securonix",
"tenantshortcode": "SE"
},
"url": "demisto.com",
"violatorId": "12",
"violatorSubText": "1012",
"violatorText": "Secret secret",
"watchlisted": False,
"workflowName": "SOCTeamReview",
"policystarttime": 1692950376801,
"policyendtime": 1695613655539,
"solrquery": "index = violation and ( ( @policyname = \"Response-PB-Resources-AutoPlay\" and @resourcename=\"Activityres17-Resource-549829\" ) ) AND @tenantname=\"Response-Automation\" AND datetime between \"02/07/2023 15:52:12\" \"02/07/2023 15:52:13\"" # noqa: E501
}
RESPONSE_FETCH_INCIDENTS = {
"totalIncidents": 1.0,
"incidentItems": [
{
"violatorText": "Cyndi Converse",
"lastUpdateDate": 1566232568502,
"violatorId": "96",
"incidentType": "Policy",
"incidentId": "100107",
"incidentStatus": "COMPLETED",
"riskscore": 0.0,
"assignedUser": "Admin Admin",
"priority": "low",
"reason": [
"Resource: Symantec Email DLP",
"Policy: Emails with large File attachments",
"Threat: Data egress attempts"
],
"violatorSubText": "1096",
"entity": "Users",
"workflowName": "SOCTeamReview",
"url": "path_to_url",
"isWhitelisted": False,
"watchlisted": False,
"policystarttime": 1692950376801,
"policyendtime": 1695613655539,
"solrquery": "index = violation and ( ( @policyname = \"Response-*PB?-Resources-\\AutoPlay\" and @resourcename=\"Activityres17-Resource-549829\" ) ) AND @tenantname=\"Response-Automation\" AND datetime between \"02/07/2023 15:52:12\" \"02/07/2023 15:52:13\"" # noqa: E501
}
]
}
RESPONSE_FETCH_THREATS = [
{
"tenantid": 2,
"tenantname": "Response-Automation",
"violator": "Activityaccount",
"entityid": "VIOLATOR5-1673852881421",
"resourcegroupname": "RES-PLAYBOOK-DS-AUTOMATION",
"threatname": "TM_Response-PB-ActivityAccount-Manual",
"category": "NONE",
"resourcename": "RES10-RESOURCE-302184",
"resourcetype": "Res-Playbook",
"generationtime": "Mon, 16 Jan 2023 @ 01:53:31 AM",
"generationtime_epoch": 1673855611090,
"policies": [
"Response-PB-ActivityAccount-Manual"
]
}
]
RESPONSE_LIST_THREATS = {
"Response": {
"Total records": 100,
"offset": 0,
"max": 2,
"threats": [
{
"tenantid": 2,
"tenantname": "Response-Automation",
"violator": "Activityaccount",
"entityid": "VIOLATOR5-1673852881421",
"resourcegroupname": "RES-PLAYBOOK-DS-AUTOMATION",
"threatname": "TM_Response-PB-ActivityAccount-Manual",
"category": "NONE",
"resourcename": "RES10-RESOURCE-302184",
"resourcetype": "Res-Playbook",
"generationtime": "Mon, 16 Jan 2023 @ 01:53:31 AM",
"generationtime_epoch": 1673855611090,
"policies": [
"Response-PB-ActivityAccount-Manual"
]
}
]
}
}
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ACTIVITY_HISTORY_6_4 = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Get activity stream details for incident ID [2849604490]"
],
"result": {
"activityStreamData": [
{
"caseid": "2849604490",
"actiontaken": "CREATED",
"status": "Open",
"comment": [
{
"Comments": "Incident created while executing playbook - Create Security Incident"
}
],
"eventTime": "Jan 12, 2023 7:25:38 AM",
"username": "Admin Admin",
"currentassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"commentType": [
"text"
],
"currWorkflow": "SOCTeamReview",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False,
"creator": "admin"
},
{
"caseid": "2849604490",
"actiontaken": "In Progress",
"status": "In Progress",
"comment": [],
"eventTime": "Jan 12, 2023 8:16:22 AM",
"lastStatus": "Open",
"username": "Test User",
"currentassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"pastassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"commentType": [],
"prevWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"currWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False,
"creator": "test_user"
},
{
"caseid": "2849604490",
"actiontaken": "Closed",
"status": "Completed",
"comment": [],
"eventTime": "Jan 12, 2023 8:16:48 AM",
"lastStatus": "In Progress",
"username": "Test User",
"currentassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"pastassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"commentType": [],
"prevWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"currWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False,
"creator": "test_user"
}
]
}
}
RESPONSE_LIST_VIOLATION_6_4 = {
"totalDocuments": 585651023,
"events": [
{
"timeline_by_month": "1672552800000",
"resourcegroupname": "SNX-IEE-AEE-51",
"eventid": "test-event-id",
"ipaddress": "0.0.0.0",
"week": "3",
"year": "2023",
"riskthreatname": "Abnormal DNS record type queries",
"eventlatitude": "1.2931",
"userid": "-1",
"dayofmonth": "16",
"jobid": "36819",
"resourcegroupid": "439",
"datetime": "1673869861092",
"timeline_by_hour": "1673888400000",
"accountname": "YOST",
"hour": "5",
"emailrecipientdomain": "test_domain",
"postalcode": "PO,1,3,5,6,7,14",
"tenantid": "3",
"id": "-1",
"timeline_by_minute": "1673869800000",
"generationtime": "01/16/2023 05:52:22",
"eventlongitude": "103.8558",
"eventcity": "Singapore",
"violator": "RTActivityAccount",
"transactionstring1": "Logon failure",
"categorizedtime": "Early Morning",
"rawevent": "test raw event",
"jobstarttime": "1673869810000",
"resourcetype": "Snx-Automation-Rt",
"dayofyear": "16",
"categoryseverity": "0",
"month": "0",
"invalid": "false",
"timeline": "1673848800000",
"dayofweek": "2",
"emailrecipient": "example.com",
"timeline_by_week": "1673762400000",
"tenantname": "test_tenant",
"policyname": "Snx-IEE-RiskBoosterMatchCriteria",
"resourcename": "Windows",
"emailsender": "example.com",
"category": "ACCOUNT MISUSE",
"eventcountry": "Singapore",
"eventregion": "Asia",
"resourcecomments": "ingestion_2.0"
},
],
"error": False,
"available": False,
"queryId": "spotterwebservice-test-id",
"applicationTz": "CST6CDT",
"inputParams": {
"generationtime_from": "01/17/2022 00:00:00",
"max": "50",
"query": f"index = violation and policy=\"Response-Account-\\\\\\{chr(92)}?{chr(92)}*AutoPlay\"",
"generationtime_to": "01/17/2023 00:00:20"
},
"index": "violation",
"nextCursorMarker": "test-cursor-marker"
}
RESPONSE_LIST_ACTIVITY = {
"totalDocuments": 4,
"events": [
{
"accountname": "ACCOUNT_001",
"accountresourcekey": "00000000000~000000000.0000.com~pipe_line_test~0000~-1",
"agentfilename": "test.txt",
"categorybehavior": "Account Create",
"categoryobject": "Account Management",
"categoryseverity": "0",
"collectionmethod": "file",
"collectiontimestamp": "1690803374000",
"destinationusername": "TEST134044",
"devicehostname": "HOST.com",
"eventid": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"eventoutcome": "Success",
"filepath": "N/A",
"ingestionnodeid": "CONSOLE",
"jobstarttime": "1690803374000",
"message": "A user account was created.",
"publishedtime": "1690803374572",
"receivedtime": "1690803420706",
"resourcename": "HOST.com",
"sourceusername": "USER",
"tenantid": "2",
"tenantname": "Response-Automation",
"timeline": "1670911200000"
},
{
"accountname": "ACCOUNT_002",
"accountresourcekey": "00000000000~000000000.0000.com~pipe_line_test~0000~-2",
"agentfilename": "test.txt",
"categorybehavior": "Account Create",
"categoryobject": "Account Management",
"categoryseverity": "0",
"collectionmethod": "file",
"collectiontimestamp": "1690803374000",
"destinationusername": "TEST134044",
"devicehostname": "HOST.com",
"eventid": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002",
"eventoutcome": "Success",
"filepath": "N/A",
"ingestionnodeid": "CONSOLE",
"jobstarttime": "1690803374000",
"message": "A user account was created.",
"publishedtime": "1690803374572",
"receivedtime": "1690803420500",
"resourcename": "HOST.com",
"sourceusername": "USER",
"tenantid": "2",
"tenantname": "Response-Automation",
"timeline": "1670911200000"
}
],
"error": False,
"available": False,
"queryId": "spotter_web_service_00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"applicationTz": "WEB",
"inputParams": {
"eventtime_from": "01/12/2024 10:00:00",
"query": f"index = activity and hostname = \"HOST\\\\{chr(92)}?{chr(92)}*.com\"",
"eventtime_to": "01/15/2024 12:01:00",
},
"index": "activity",
"nextCursorMarker": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001="
}
RESPONSE_LIST_ACTIVITY_NO_DATA = {
"totalDocuments": 4,
"events": [],
"error": False,
"available": False,
"queryId": "spotter_web_service_00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001",
"applicationTz": "WEB",
"inputParams": {
"eventtime_from": "01/12/2024 10:00:00",
"query": "index = activity",
"eventtime_to": "01/15/2024 12:01:00",
},
"index": "activity",
"message": "All records have been retrieved. No more results to be fetched.",
"nextCursorMarker": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001="
}
RESPONSE_LIST_WHITELISTS_ENTRY = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
" WhiteList Name | Whitelist Type | Tenant Name "
],
"result": [
"Dummy Whitelist 1 | Automated | test_tenant",
"Dummy Whitelist 2 | Automated | test_tenant"
]
}
RESPONSE_GET_WHITELIST_ENTRY = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"whitelistname : Dummy Threat Model MM",
"Entity/Attribute : Expiry Date"
],
"result": {
"TEST123": "09/28/2035 21:21:19"
}
}
RESPONSE_CREATE_WHITELIST = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"New Global whitelist created Successfully ..!",
"whitelistname : test_whitelist"
],
"result": []
}
RESPONSE_DELETE_LOOKUP_TABLE_CONFIG_AND_DATA = 'test and data deleted successfully'
RESPONSE_ADD_WHITELIST_ENTRY_6_4 = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"entity added to global whitelist Successfully...!"
],
"result": []
}
RESPONSE_DELETE_WHITELIST_ENTRY = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Whitelist Name : test_ng"
],
"result": [
"EmployeeId Item removed from whitelist Successfully ..! "
]
}
RESPONSE_LOOKUP_TABLE_LIST = [
{
'tenantName': 'All Tenants',
'lookupTableName': 'NonBusinessDomains',
'totalRecords': 2213,
'scope': 'global',
'type': 'system'
},
{
'tenantName': 'All Tenants',
'lookupTableName': 'CompressedFileExtensions',
'totalRecords': 240,
'scope': 'meta',
'type': 'system'
}
]
RESPONSE_LOOKUP_TABLE_ENTRY_ADD = "Entries added to XSOAR_TEST successfully"
RESPONSE_LOOKUP_TABLE_ENTRIES_LIST = [
{
"defaultenrichedevent": [
"0",
"Attempt",
"Cisco Netflow",
"Connection Statistics",
"Network",
"destinationport"
],
"value_fieldname": "destinationport",
"value_vendor": "Cisco Netflow",
"value_categoryobject": "Network",
"lookupuniquekey": "-1^~CATEGORIZATION_FLOW|0",
"value_categoryoutcome": "Attempt",
"lookupname": "Categorization_Flow",
"value_categorybehavior": "Connection Statistics",
"value_key": "0",
"tenantid": -1,
"tenantname": "All Tenants",
"key": "0",
"timestamp": "Jan 23, 2023 7:01:33 AM"
},
{
"defaultenrichedevent": [
"1",
"Attempt",
"Cisco Netflow",
"Connection Statistics",
"Network",
"destinationport"
],
"value_fieldname": "destinationport",
"value_vendor": "Cisco Netflow",
"value_categoryobject": "Network",
"lookupuniquekey": "-1^~CATEGORIZATION_FLOW|1",
"value_categoryoutcome": "Attempt",
"lookupname": "Categorization_Flow",
"value_categorybehavior": "Connection Statistics",
"value_key": "1",
"tenantid": -1,
"tenantname": "All Tenants",
"key": "1",
"timestamp": "Jan 23, 2023 7:01:33 AM"
}
]
RESPONSE_DELETE_LOOKUP_ENTRIES_DELETE = 'Successfully deleted the given key(s)!'
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_WORKFLOW = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Get incident workflow for incident ID [123456] - [TestWorkFlow]"
],
"result": {
"workflow": "TestWorkFlow"
}
}
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_STATUS = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Get incident status for incident ID [123456] - [TestStatus]"
],
"result": {
"status": "TestStatus"
}
}
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_AVAILABLE_ACTIONS = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Get possible actions for incident ID [100289], incident status [Open]"
],
"result": [
{
"actionDetails": [
{
"title": "Screen1",
"sections": {
"sectionName": "Comments",
"attributes": [
{
"displayName": "Comments",
"attributeType": "textarea",
"attribute": "15_Comments",
"required": "false"
}
]
}
}
],
"actionName": "CLAIM",
"status": "CLAIMED"
},
{
"actionDetails": [
{
"title": "Screen2",
"sections": {
"sectionName": "Comments",
"attributes": [
{
"displayName": "Comments",
"attributeType": "textarea",
"attribute": "15_Comments",
"required": "false"
}
]
}
}
],
"actionName": "COMPLETED",
"status": "COMPLETED"
}
]
}
RESPONSE_ADD_COMMENT_TO_INCIDENT = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Add comment to incident id - [100289]"
],
"result": True
}
def get_mock_create_lookup_table_response():
RESPONSE_CREATE_LOOKUP_TABLE = Response()
RESPONSE_CREATE_LOOKUP_TABLE.status_code = 200
RESPONSE_CREATE_LOOKUP_TABLE._content = b'Lookup Table test_table created successfully'
return RESPONSE_CREATE_LOOKUP_TABLE
def get_mock_attachment_response():
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ATTACHMENT_6_4 = Response()
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ATTACHMENT_6_4.headers = {'Content-Disposition': 'attachment;filename=test.txt'}
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ATTACHMENT_6_4.status_code = 200
RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ATTACHMENT_6_4._content = b'test file'
return RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ATTACHMENT_6_4
DELETE_LOOKUP_TABLE_ENTRIES_INVALID_LOOKUP_NAME = [
{
"errorCode": 404,
"errorMessage": "lookupTableName doesn't exists. Please provide available lookupTableName.",
"errorType": "Functional"
}
]
DELETE_LOOKUP_TABLE_ENTRIES_INVALID_LOOKUP_KEYS = [
{
"errorCode": 404,
"errorMessage": "Error deleting the key! Please check the input params!key1",
"errorType": "Functional"
}
]
MIRROR_RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ACTIVITY_HISTORY = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Get activity stream details for incident ID [2849604490]"
],
"result": {
"activityStreamData": [
{
"caseid": "2849604490",
"actiontaken": "COMMENTS_ADDED",
"status": "Open",
"comment": [
{
"Comments": "Incident created while executing playbook - Create Security Incident"
}
],
"eventTime": "Jan 12, 2023 7:25:38 AM",
"username": "Admin Admin",
"currentassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"commentType": [
"text"
],
"currWorkflow": "SOCTeamReview",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False,
"creator": "admin"
},
{
"caseid": "2849604490",
"actiontaken": "In Progress",
"status": "In Progress",
"comment": [],
"eventTime": "Jan 12, 2023 8:16:22 AM",
"lastStatus": "Open",
"username": "Test User",
"currentassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"pastassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"commentType": [],
"prevWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"currWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False,
"creator": "test_user"
},
{
"caseid": "2849604490",
"actiontaken": "Closed",
"status": "Completed",
"comment": [],
"eventTime": "Jan 12, 2023 8:16:48 AM",
"lastStatus": "In Progress",
"username": "Test User",
"currentassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"pastassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"commentType": [],
"prevWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"currWorkflow": "Test_XSOAR",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False,
"creator": "test_user"
}
]
}
}
MIRROR_ENTRIES = [
{'type': None, 'category': None, 'contents': 'This is a comment', 'contentsFormat': None,
'tags': ['comments', 'work_notes'], 'note': True, 'user': 'Admin'}
]
MIRROR_RESPONSE_GET_INCIDENT_ACTIVITY_HISTORY_ATTACHMENT = {
"status": "OK",
"messages": [
"Get activity stream details for incident ID [5010212504]"
],
"result": {
"activityStreamData": [
{
"caseid": "1234",
"actiontaken": "CREATED",
"status": "Open",
"comment": [
{
"Comments": "Incident created while executing playbook - ServiceNow - Create Incident"
}
],
"eventTime": "Feb 22, 2023 8:39:50 PM",
"username": "Admin Admin",
"currentassignee": "API_TEST_SS",
"commentType": [
"text"
],
"currWorkflow": "SOCTeamReview",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False,
"creator": "admin"
},
{
"caseid": "1234",
"actiontaken": "ATTACHED_FILE",
"eventTime": "Feb 23, 2023 9:45:53 AM",
"attachment": "test.txt",
"username": "Crest Team",
"attachmentType": "doc",
"isPlayBookOutAvailable": False
}
]
}
}
```
|
Shaw Springs is owned and operated by the Fandrich Family, an RV and Camping resort, on the shores of the stunning Thompson River with 40 acres of land. With 22 full service RV sites and rustic campsites you can enjoy the peaceful sound of the river below your site and fall asleep under the stars. This campground and RV Site is open year round for visitors through the canyon.
Shaw Springs is located 15 minutes East of Kumsheen Rafting Resort and is where all of our full day ‘Legendary Thompson River’ trips stop for lunch and where our half-day ‘Devils Gorge Run’ trip begins
https://kumsheen.com/shaw-springs/
Name origin
The name derives from a natural spring at the location, Shaw Spring, being named for its first water rights owner, William. H. Shaw in 1930. The spring itself is on the west side of the Thompson river. William & wife Rose established and operated Shaw Springs Resort for many years until passing it to one of their 7 children William Shaw Jr. known as Billy. The property was next passed to brother Hunter Shaw and ultimately sold to its current owners in the early 1980s. The CPR designated its rail stop here as Drynoch. Mr Shaw sought to have it renamed to Shaw Springs in 1953, but his appeal was rejected by the CPR and the Geographical Names Board.
History
The location was first used in the 1880s by the CPR as a camp for workers during the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Many small buildings were erected on the site to house the men and were later renovated into cabins and became part of the resort the Shaw family developed. Mr.and Mrs. William Hugh and Rose Shaw originally homesteaded Shaw Springs in the late 1920s after purchasing the rights to the fresh water spring on the river right. A suspended pipeline crossing the river was built and the water was pumped over to the river left to irrigate the gardens and provide fresh drinking water. The old wooden cased pipes were replaced some time in the 1990s after a forest fire destroyed the original lines. The Trans Canada Highway slices a ribbon through the now 38 acre parcel sustaining three working alfalfa fields. The Shaw family owned the property for a little more than 50 years and sold it to the current owners in 1980s. The buildings have benefited from extensive renovations and expansion at the hand of the current owners and there are still a few of the original cabins in use. The restaurant and RV park are still open from spring until the end of the fishing season.
See also
List of communities in British Columbia
Rockhounding
Shaw Springs and environs is a popular rockhounding location for agates and opals. Formal stakings for mining purposes are located southeast at , with formal explorations taking place in 2009–2011.
References
Unincorporated settlements in British Columbia
Thompson Country
|
Time for Us is the second studio album by South Korean girl group GFriend. It was released by Source Music on January 14, 2019, distributed by kakao M. The album contains thirteen songs, including the lead single "Sunrise" and its instrumental version, along with a Korean version of the group's first Japanese single "Memoria".
Release and promotion
Time for Us is GFriend's second studio album, released two years and six months after their first studio album, LOL. Time for Us was released on January 14, 2019 in three versions: "Daybreak", "Daytime" and "Midnight". Following this, a limited version of the album was then released on January 25, 2019. GFriend started their promotions with Mnet's M Countdown on January 17, 2019, where they performed "Sunrise" and "Memoria (Korean ver.)". On January 19, 2019, they performed their side track "A Starry Sky" on MBC's Show! Music Core as part of their comeback stage. During the second week of promotions, GFriend took first place on all music shows, making them the first artist in 2019 to achieve a "grand slam".
Accolades
Track listing
Personnel
Credits adapted from album liner notes.
Locations
Recorded at VIBE Studio
Recorded at Seoul Studio
Mixed at KoKo Sound Studio
Mixed at Cube Studio
Mixed at J's Atelier Studio
Mixed at Mapps Studio
Mixed at W Sound
Mixed at LAFX Studios
Mixed at 821 Sound
Mastered at 821 Sound Mastering
Personnel
Kim Ba-ro - string arrangement
Kim Ye-il - bass guitar
Lee Won-jong - programming , piano, keyboard
No Joo-hwan - piano, keyboard, programming
Jung Dong-yoon - drum
Ryu Hyeon-woo - guitar
Kwon Nam-woo - mastering
Go Hyeon-jung - mixing
Yoong String - strings
Seo Yong-bae - drum programming
Iggy - guitar, synth
Young - guitar
Jeon Bu-yeon - mixing assistant
Jo-ssi Ajeossi - mixing
Darren Smith - keyboard, programming
Sean Michael Alexander - keyboard, programming
Jeong-jin - mixing
Ko Myung-jae - guitar
Kim Seok-min - mixing
B.Eyes - piano, keyboard, electric piano, bass, drum, synth
Minki - piano, bass
Kim Woong - piano, drum, bass, synth
Choi Young-joon - string arrangement
Lee Tae-wook - guitar
Jo Joon-sung - mixing
Spacecowboy - piano, keyboard, electric piano, bass, drum, synth, programming
Kim Dong-min - guitar
Son Go-eun - keyboard
Alan Foster - mixing
Kim Jin-hee - keyboard, drum
Master Key - mixing
Kim Byeong-seok - piano, bass
Miz - strings, string arrangement
Ryo Miyata - string arrangement, piano, keyboard, bass, programming
Carlos K. - keyboard, electric piano, bass, drum, drum programming, synth, programming
Toshi-Fj - guitar
Joe - keyboard, synth
Charts
Album
Year-end charts
Single
"Sunrise"
Year-end charts
Sales
See also
References
External links
Album highlight medley on YouTube
"Sunrise" on YouTube
GFriend albums
2019 albums
Korean-language albums
Kakao M albums
Hybe Corporation albums
|
Severe Tropical Storm Nalgae, known in the Philippines as Severe Tropical Storm Paeng, was a very large and deadly tropical cyclone that wreaked havoc across the Philippines and later impacted Hong Kong and Macau. Nalgae, meaning wing in Korean, the twenty-second named storm of the 2022 Pacific typhoon season, Nalgae originated from an invest located east of the Philippines on October 26. The disturbance, initially designated as 93W, was eventually upgraded the following day to a tropical depression by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and re-designated as 26W. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) however, had already considered the disturbance as a tropical depression a day prior to JTWC's; the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) also followed the JMA's lead and gave it the name Paeng. That same day, it was upgraded again by the JMA to tropical storm status, thus gaining the name Nalgae. The next day, the PAGASA and the JTWC upgraded Nalgae to a severe tropical storm status on October 28. Nalgae would eventually made its first landfall in Virac, Catanduanes, which was quickly followed by another landfall thirty minutes later. It then traversed the Bicol Region and emerged into Ragay Gulf, eventually making another landfall. Defying initial forecasts, Nalgae then moved southwestward and struck Mogpog. Afterwards, the storm moved northwestward into the Sibuyan Sea and struck Sariaya. Then it would move through many regions throughout the evening of October 29. Nalgae emerged over the West Philippine Sea the next day and weakened below tropical storm status. The storm would later re-intensify into a severe tropical storm a few hours later, and eventually exited the Philippine Area of Responsibility a day later. Upon its exit from Philippine jurisdiction, Nalgae then intensified into a Category 1-equivalent typhoon on JTWC; however, the JMA maintained its severe tropical storm classification for the system. It then approached the Pearl River Delta. At around 04:50 CST on November 3, 2022, Nalgae made its final landfall at Xiangzhou District as a tropical depression.
Meteorological history
On October 26, 2022, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported in its TCFA bulletin that a low pressure area near the Philippines was able to develop because of warm waters and low wind shear. The agency designated it as Invest 93W. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), however, went further and already classified the disturbance as a tropical depression, with the latter assigning the name Paeng to the system. The JTWC would only upgrade the system to a tropical depression a day later, at 00:00 UTC on October 27, and it was given the designation 26W. At the same time, the JMA upgraded the cyclone to a tropical storm, and was named Nalgae. The following day, PAGASA and the JTWC upgraded Nalgae to a severe tropical storm status on October 28. Early next day (local time), Nalgae made its first landfall in Virac, Catanduanes, which was quickly followed by another landfall thirty minutes later in Caramoan, Camarines Sur. It then traversed the Bicol Region and emerged into Ragay Gulf, eventually making landfall in Buenavista, Quezon; the storm maintained its strength during this period. Defying initial forecasts, Nalgae then moved southwestward and struck Mogpog on the island province of Marinduque. Afterwards, the storm moved northwestward into the Sibuyan Sea and struck Sariaya, another municipality in Quezon province; it later moved through Laguna, Rizal, Cavite, Metro Manila and Bulacan throughout the evening of October 29. Nalgae emerged over the West Philippine Sea the next day, and weakened below tropical storm status. The storm would later re-intensify into a severe tropical storm a few hours later, and eventually exited the Philippine Area of Responsibility a day later. Upon its exit from Philippine jurisdiction, Nalgae then intensified into a Category 1-equivalent typhoon on JTWC; however, the JMA maintained its severe tropical storm classification for the system. It then approached the Pearl River Delta. At around 04:50 CST on November 3, 2022, Nalgae made its final landfall at Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai as a tropical depression, making it the first tropical cyclone since Nepartak in 2003 to make landfall in China in November.
Preparations
Philippines
Due to Nalgae's threat, PAGASA issued Signal 1 warnings for the Bicol Region and Eastern Visayas. The PAGASA would later upgrade warnings for the Bicol Region and Eastern Visayas to Signal 2 warnings. PAGASA also added Signal 1 warnings for Caraga, Central Visayas, Mimaropa, and Calabarzon. At least 45 people died due to flooding and landslides in Mindanao, all of which occurring a day before the storm made its landfalls. Initially, 72 people were reported to have died, but the death toll was revised by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) because of erroneous counting on the part of local officials; however, the death toll would increase to 112 by November 1 as more bodies were recovered. More than a hundred flights were cancelled in the Philippines on October 28 and 29, most of which going to and coming from Ninoy Aquino International Airport. The storm also delayed the removal of the wreckage of Korean Air Flight 631 after it overran the runway at Mactan–Cebu International Airport. After Nalgae was upgraded to a severe tropical storm, PAGASA put up Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal Number 3 warnings in several areas of Southern Luzon, including Metro Manila.
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) later warned of lahar from Mayon Volcano in Bicol during the tropical storm.
Several airlines based in the Philippines announced that their 124 domestic and international flights were cancelled, as a precautionary measure against the effects of the severe tropical storm.
The Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) announced that maritime travel was suspended in the Bicol Region, Calabarzon and Eastern Visayas regions.
On October 29, the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA), the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP), the Premier Volleyball League (PVL), the Shakey's Super League (SSL) and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) announced that they would postpone their sporting events and games slated for October 29 and 30 as a precautionary measure. PAGASA issued their last bulletins as Nalgae exited the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). After its exit, it had a death toll of 164 casualties, with 28 remaining missing.
Hong Kong and Macau
As Tropical Storm Nalgae tracked closer to Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Observatory issued its third highest strong wind warning (Signal No. 8) on November 3. This is the first time that the warning signal was raised to this level in November in 50 years. The storm came while the city was hosting a financial meeting of senior Wall Street executives; however, despite the said warning and impending impact, the event's organizers announced that it would continue as planned. All warning signals were lifted by November 4.
The Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau hoisted Signal No 8 in response to Tropical Storm Nalgae. This is the first time the bureau has raised the warning signal to that level in November in 50 years. A state of immediate preparedness was declared in Macau and the Civil Protection Operation Centre was readied.
Impact
Philippines
By November 6, 156 individuals were reported dead due to landslides and floods made by Nalgae, with 141 others wounded and 37 people remaining missing. Damage to infrastructure is estimated at PHP 4.17 billion (71,490,021.30 USD), while for agriculture, the damage estimate currently stands at PHP 113.51 million. (US$1,946,002.95) On November 2, 2022, President Bongbong Marcos declared a state of calamity over Calabarzon, Bicol, Western Visayas, and the Bangsamoro regions via the President's Proclamation No. 84.
Mindanao–Visayas floods
On the island of Mindanao, at least 68 people died due to continuous flooding and landslides that were partially caused by Nalgae. 14 individuals were also confirmed to have been missing; 11 from the Maguindanao province, and 3 from the Soccsksargen region. The floods occurred just as Nalgae had inched closer towards Samar island. Despite the floods and moderate rain, no Wind Signal was given to Bangsamoro. Moderate rain is still expected to continue in the region until Nalgae moves further north in Luzon. In the region of Visayas, rain from Nalgae similarly caused floods in the region. The entire region of Western Visayas was set up to the highest emergency response level due to increasing floods, which has already caused 4 casualties in the province of Aklan. As of November 4, 36 deaths were recorded in Western Visayas. Majority of the fatalities were killed in flashflood and landslides. Antique still has the most number of casualties with 13 followed by Capiz and Iloilo provinces with a total of eight.
Central Visayas also experienced light floods and multiple landslides, mostly around the province of Cebu. In Busay, Cebu City, six houses were destroyed from a landslide; however, no casualties were reported as the occupants evacuated before the landslide.
Due to the high death toll, Philippine President Bongbong Marcos criticized local authorities for not forcing residents to immediately evacuate following Nalgae's hit in the country.
Hong Kong and Macau
No casualties were reported in Hong Kong, although one woman was injured and hospitalized. No incidents were reported in Macau.
Retirement
On May 5, 2023, the PAGASA retired the name Paeng from its rotating naming lists after it reached more than ₱1 billion in damage and high death toll on its onslaught in the country, and it will never be used again for another typhoon name within the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). It will be replaced with Pilandok for the 2026 season.
After the season, the Typhoon Committee announced that the name Nalgae, along with five others will be removed from the naming lists. Its replacement name will be announced in 2024.
See also
Tropical cyclones in 2022
Typhoons in the Philippines
Weather of 2022
Other tropical cyclones that had a similar track to Nalgae
Typhoon Vera (Bebeng; 1983) – a Category 1-equivalent typhoon that made a similar approach in southern and central Luzon in July 1983.
Typhoon Angela (Rosing; 1995) – a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon which had a comparable track to Nalgae.
Typhoon Xangsane (Reming; 2000) – a typhoon that also impacted Luzon before recurving towards Taiwan almost exactly 22 years before Nalgae.
Typhoon Xangsane (Milenyo; 2006) – a powerful typhoon which took an almost identical track while traversing southern Luzon in late-September 2006.
Typhoon Conson (Basyang; 2010) – a minimal typhoon that took a similar path to Nalgae in mid-July 2010.
Tropical Storm Rumbia (Gorio; 2013) - a severe tropical storm that affected the same provinces as Nalgae but only caused minimal damages.
Typhoon Rammasun (Glenda; 2014) – a strong typhoon which also had a similar track and crossed central and southern Luzon in July 2014, causing widespread destruction.
Typhoon Goni (Rolly; 2020) – another powerful typhoon which made a similar path while traversing the southern parts of Luzon in late-October 2020.
Tropical Storm Conson (Jolina; 2021) - a severe tropical storm that also crossed some areas at southern Luzon on the previous year.
Other tropical cyclones that caused flooding in Mindanao and Visayas
Typhoon Fengshen (Frank; 2008) – an erratic typhoon which also caused severe flooding to various parts of Panay Island and caused the MV Princess of the Stars to sink.
Tropical Storm Washi (Sendong; 2011) – a weak but deadly, late-season tropical storm that also caused flash floods in Mindanao in December 2011.
Typhoon Bopha (Pablo; 2012) – a very destructive and deadly typhoon that caused widespread damages over Mindanao.
Typhoon Tembin (Vinta; 2017) – another late-season system that also caused severe damage to parts of Mindanao in December 2017.
Typhoon Rai (Odette; 2021) – another destructive typhoon that ravaged over Visayas and Mindanao on the previous year prior to Nalgae.
References
External links
JMA General Information of Tropical Storm Nalgae (2222) from Digital Typhoon
2022 disasters in the Philippines
2022 Pacific typhoon season
Nalgae
October 2022 events in the Philippines
Landslides in 2022
Typhoons in the Philippines
N
Nalgae
|
Frans van Straaten (The Hague, 23 January 1963) is a Dutch artist and known for his bronze sculptures. He is a figurative artist and sculptor, who creates bronze sculptures in which he unites force and movement.
Life and work
In 1985 Van Straaten obtained his second-level teaching certificate in Drawing and Handicrafts. He continued his education in Rotterdam at the Willem de Kooning Academy.
Van Straaten is intrigued by the ancient Egyptians, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. In addition he is inspired by modern dance but stimuli from everyday life are still his main sources. His early works had a very impressionistic feel. Gradually his work changed and nowadays his sculptures are recognized for their strong lines and movement.
Not only private collectors are interested in Van Straaten's sculptures. Also many companies and municipalities own his sculptures. Highlights in his career are the unveiling of Stier in 2000, a monumental sculpture on a roundabout in Capelle aan den IJssel and the unveiling of Samengaan by Princess Máxima in 2003. Van Straaten's studio is located in Rotterdam.
Exhibitions
Frans van Straaten has exhibited in The Netherlands and abroad. A selection of exhibitions:
TEFAF, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Miljonair Fair, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
PAN Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Art & Antiques Fair, 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
Zamalek Art Gallery, Caïro, Egypte
Dutch Art & Business Event, Doha, Qatar
Lineart Gent, Gent, België
Entre Rêve et Réalité, Monte Carlo, Monaco
Feriarte, Sevilla, Spanje
Art Expo New York City, USA
His work has also been shown in Switzerland, Germany, France and China.
Books
Frans van Straaten: Een kwart eeuw in brons, 2013,
Frans van Straaten: Kracht & Beweging 1988–1998, 1998,
Gallery
References
External links
Website Frans van Straaten
1963 births
Living people
Dutch sculptors
Dutch male sculptors
Artists from The Hague
|
```go
package scaffold_test
import (
"context"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"testing"
boilerplateoptions "github.com/gruntwork-io/boilerplate/options"
"github.com/gruntwork-io/boilerplate/templates"
"github.com/gruntwork-io/boilerplate/variables"
"github.com/gruntwork-io/terragrunt/cli/commands/scaffold"
"github.com/gruntwork-io/terragrunt/config"
"github.com/gruntwork-io/terragrunt/options"
"github.com/gruntwork-io/terragrunt/util"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
)
func TestDefaultTemplateVariables(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
// set pre-defined variables
vars := map[string]interface{}{}
var requiredVariables, optionalVariables []*config.ParsedVariable
requiredVariables = append(requiredVariables, &config.ParsedVariable{
Name: "required_var_1",
Description: "required_var_1 description",
Type: "string",
DefaultValuePlaceholder: "\"\"",
})
optionalVariables = append(optionalVariables, &config.ParsedVariable{
Name: "optional_var_2",
Description: "optional_ver_2 description",
Type: "number",
DefaultValue: "42",
})
vars["requiredVariables"] = requiredVariables
vars["optionalVariables"] = optionalVariables
vars["sourceUrl"] = "git::path_to_url"
vars["EnableRootInclude"] = false
workDir := t.TempDir()
templateDir := util.JoinPath(workDir, "template")
err := os.Mkdir(templateDir, 0755)
require.NoError(t, err)
outputDir := util.JoinPath(workDir, "output")
err = os.Mkdir(outputDir, 0755)
require.NoError(t, err)
err = os.WriteFile(util.JoinPath(templateDir, "terragrunt.hcl"), []byte(scaffold.DefaultTerragruntTemplate), 0644)
require.NoError(t, err)
err = os.WriteFile(util.JoinPath(templateDir, "boilerplate.yml"), []byte(scaffold.DefaultBoilerplateConfig), 0644)
require.NoError(t, err)
boilerplateOpts := &boilerplateoptions.BoilerplateOptions{
OutputFolder: outputDir,
OnMissingKey: boilerplateoptions.DefaultMissingKeyAction,
OnMissingConfig: boilerplateoptions.DefaultMissingConfigAction,
Vars: vars,
DisableShell: true,
DisableHooks: true,
NonInteractive: true,
TemplateFolder: templateDir,
}
emptyDep := variables.Dependency{}
err = templates.ProcessTemplate(boilerplateOpts, boilerplateOpts, emptyDep)
require.NoError(t, err)
content, err := util.ReadFileAsString(filepath.Join(outputDir, "terragrunt.hcl"))
require.NoError(t, err)
require.Contains(t, content, "required_var_1")
require.Contains(t, content, "optional_var_2")
// read generated HCL file and check if it is parsed correctly
opts, err := options.NewTerragruntOptionsForTest(filepath.Join(outputDir, "terragrunt.hcl"))
require.NoError(t, err)
cfg, err := config.ReadTerragruntConfig(context.Background(), opts, config.DefaultParserOptions(opts))
require.NoError(t, err)
require.NotEmpty(t, cfg.Inputs)
assert.Len(t, cfg.Inputs, 1)
_, found := cfg.Inputs["required_var_1"]
require.True(t, found)
require.Equal(t, "git::path_to_url", *cfg.Terraform.Source)
}
```
|
West Branch Laramie River is a tributary of the Laramie River in Larimer County, Colorado The river's source is Island Lake in the Rawah Wilderness. It flows through Carey Lake then northeast to a confluence with the Laramie River.
See also
List of rivers of Colorado
References
Rivers of Colorado
Rivers of Larimer County, Colorado
Tributaries of the Platte River
|
The 1934 World Table Tennis Championships – Corbillon Cup (women's team) was the first edition of the women's team championship.
The cup was named the Corbillon Cup because it was named after Marcel Corbillon (the President of the French Table Tennis Association (FFTT) from 1933 to 1935) who donated the trophy for the winning team. Germany won the gold medal with a 5–0 record in the round robin group. Hungary won the silver medal and Czechoslovakia won the bronze medal.
Corbillon Cup results
Final table
See also
List of World Table Tennis Championships medalists
References
-
1934 in women's table tennis
|
Iurie Chirinciuc (born 29 May 1961) is a Moldovan businessman turned politician, who has served as Minister of Transport and Roads Infrastructure of Moldova since 30 July 2015 until 30 May 2017. Prior to this, between 31 December 2014 and August 2015 he was a member of Parliament of Moldova, in the parliamentary faction of Liberal Party.
From 2008 until November 2014 Chirinciuc was president of the Moldovan football club FC Costuleni.
In 1992 Chirinciuc began his business activity; he became vice-director of the firm Angrogoscom (1992), then executive director of the company Saturn SRL (1992–1997), and later vice-president of MOLDACOM SA (1997–1998), and director of ROVIGO SRL (1998–2013).
In 2004 he founded the Association of Furniture Manufacturers of Moldova, being its president until 2011, then he became president of the Union of Furniture Manufacturers of Moldova (2011–2013).
Between 2011 and 2014 he was a councillor in the Council of Ungheni District.
In late April 2017 the anti-corruption prosecutors and the CNA officers detained Chirinciuc, suspecting him in corruption acts. One month later, while signing the decrees for the liberal ministers resignations (who left the government coalition), president Igor Dodon has also signed a decree for dismissal of Iurie Chirinciuc from the office of Minister of Transport and Roads Infrastructure, while Chirinciuc was placed under home arrest.
Iurie Chirinciuc is married and has two children.
References
1961 births
Living people
Liberal Party (Moldova) politicians
Moldovan businesspeople
Moldovan economists
Moldovan MPs 2014–2018
People from Ungheni District
Transport ministers of Moldova
|
Opisthoteuthis mero, commonly known as Mero's umbrella octopus, is a species of cirrate octopus from demersal habitats surrounding New Zealand. O. mero is the most documented New Zealand Opisthoteuthis species, with over 100 reference specimens. O. mero reaches a maximum length of , and a mantle length of .
Distribution and habitat
Opisthoteuthis mero is known solely from soft sediments from deep, with most specimens recorded at depths of . The type locality of O. mero is: 36°52'S, 176°19'E, 510 m, on the northern end of New Zealand. This species was originally found in virtually all waters surrounding New Zealand.
Conservation
O. mero is listed as Endangered by the IUCN due to the effects of commercial deep-water trawling upon population size. Prior to 1998, Opisthoteuthis species were common bycatch species from scampi fisheries in the Bay of Plenty and Auckland Islands. The longevity of Opisthoteuthis species along with their low fecundity and slow growth (primarily within embryonic development which may take 1.4-2.6 years among other species in the genus) have made many species easily susceptible to precipitous population declines, and slow recoveries.
References
Cephalopods of Oceania
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Endemic molluscs of New Zealand
Molluscs of New Zealand
Molluscs of the Pacific Ocean
Molluscs described in 1999
Octopuses
|
Sue Samuels (born May 15, 1949) is an American dancer, choreographer, master jazz teacher and performer. She is the founder and artistic director of Jazz Roots Dance Company.
Early career
At the age of 13 Samuels started her dance training in 1962. This began at the Broward Civic Ballet in Florida. She became this company's first soloist. performing here for six years. She studied in New York with Madame Swoboda of the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo. Samuels developed a multi discipline practice by simultaneously studying jazz dance with JoJo Smith, Frank Hatchett and Michael Shawn, tap with Judy Bassing and Kathy Burke, and voice with William Daniel Grey and Susan Edwards.
Career
Samuels is the founder and artistic director of Jazz Roots Dance Company, which was formed in 2009 to preserve and promote the classic jazz dance style. She considers choreography the foundation of her practice and almost all of the Jazz Roots Dance Company repertory is arranged by her. While preserving her own works she also maintains performance of significant pieces by choreographers including Luigi, Matt Maddox, Phil Black, Bob Fosse, Jack Cole, Ron Lewis among others. The company’s First Season and Gala at the Peridance Capezio Center was produced by Samuels and Jazz Roots Dance embarked on a tour to Los Angeles.
Samuels co-founded JoJo’s Dance Factory in New York City, which she co-owned with JoJo Smith for ten years. This establishment evolved into Broadway Dance Center. She established the children's jazz program at Fort Lauderdale Ballet in Florida where she was also director of the Jazz Department, simultaneously running her own dance teaching program in Boca Raton. for five years.
She has choreographed works for dance companies in Japan, Finland, and Brazil.
In 2016 a multimedia stage show called Jazz on the West Side which used new interpretations of songs from West Side Story featured choreography by Sue Samuels.
Teaching
Having taught dance since the 80s, Samuels is well established in the New York performing arts community where she is viewed as having "legendary status". Dance Teacher magazine wrote, "Samuels has been a jazz staple on the New York dance scene—teaching, performing and choreographing for 40 years." She is often drafted to mentor and coach international dance professionals. Past students include Melba Moore, Brooke Shields, and Irene Cara.
Sue is also proclaimed as one of the most legendary dance teachers of NYC by Backstage magazine. Praised for the strong, ballet infused technique she instills within her students globally.
In order to give students experience of live performance, she also organises student groups twice annually with fellow dancer and choreographer Kat Wildish.
She has been on the faculty at Broadway Dance Center since 1986 and also teaches at Peridance Capezio Center, both in New York City. She has also taught at The Ailey Extension for many years.
Samuels was commissioned to teach at New York University in the Cap 21 program with theater majors, as well as Olympic instructors in Tokyo, Japan. She has taught at The Broward Civic Ballet, Frank Hatchett’s Professional Children’s Program, Dance Masters Association, and The Dance Company of Haiti.
Selected works and performances
Choreographed works
Got Tu Go Disco, Minskoff Theatre on Broadway (lead dancer and assistant choreographer)
5th Dimension Show, Uris Theater, Broadway (lead dancer, assistant choreographer, costume designer)
Television credits
The Arthritis Telethon with Melba Moore – dancer, choreographer (1973-1974)
Zoom – CBS – TV Montreal, Dancer (1973-1974)
Commercials
Arrow Shirts with Joe Namath – lead dancer, assistant choreographer, singer (1971)
Dr. Pepper – Tony Stevens, Choreographer, Dancer Singer (1979)
See also
Jazz Roots Dance Company web site
References
1949 births
American female dancers
American jazz dancers
American women choreographers
American choreographers
Living people
21st-century American women
|
"Sympathy for the Devil" is the first episode of the fifth season of paranormal drama television series Supernatural and the 83rd overall. The episode was written by showrunner and series creator Eric Kripke and directed by executive producer Robert Singer. It was first broadcast on September 10, 2009 on The CW. In the episode, Sam and Dean watch the aftermath of Lucifer being freed from the Cage while the angels plan a new strategy to stop the Apocalypse.
Plot
Following the release of Lucifer from his Cage, Sam and Dean Winchester are mysteriously transported onto a plane flying overhead. Sam is also clean of the influence of demon blood. Confused by the turn of events, the Winchesters visit Chuck the Prophet who tells them that Castiel was killed by the archangel who had showed up to stop him. At that moment, Zachariah arrives with two angels to force the Winchesters' compliance with Heaven's plans, but Dean uses a blood sigil he saw Castiel use in the 'Green Room' to banish the three angels. Sam later creates hex bags to hide them from the senses of both angels and demons.
As the Winchesters work on finding a way to stop Lucifer, Chuck sends them a message about a vision he received on the location of the Michael Sword, the weapon the archangel Michael used to defeat Lucifer the first time. With the help of Bobby Singer, the Winchesters figure out the weapon is in their father's lock-up, but Bobby is revealed to be possessed by a demon loyal to Meg, the Winchesters old demon enemy. After being ordered to kill Dean, Bobby manages to stab himself and kill the demon possessing him instead, allowing the Winchesters to kill Meg's other demon minions with Meg herself fleeing. After taking Bobby to the hospital, the Winchesters rush to the lock-up to find the Michael Sword.
At the lock-up, the Winchesters are confronted by Zachariah and his angels who reveal the whole thing was a trap for the Winchesters. Dean is the Michael Sword: his one true vessel on Earth to combat Lucifer with. When Dean refuses to give Michael permission to possess him, since it is required, Zachariah begins horrifically torturing the brothers to force Dean's cooperation. Unexpectedly, Castiel appears and kills Zachariah's two angels. Castiel implies that the same being that rescued the Winchesters from the convent resurrected him and forces Zachariah to heal the brothers and leave. Castiel brands the Winchesters with sigils that will protect them from angelic detection and warns them that Lucifer is close to gaining a vessel. Before leaving, Castiel confirms that he was dead, but refuses to tell them how he came back to life.
At the same time, Lucifer visits a man named Nick who recently lost his wife and child. After tormenting him with hallucinations, Lucifer visits Nick in the form of his dead wife and convinces Nick to allow Lucifer to possess him.
After the encounter with Zachariah, the Winchesters visit Bobby who survives his wounds but is left paralyzed from the waist down. Dean gives a rallying speech about fighting both the forces of Heaven and Hell to stop the Apocalypse but privately admits to Sam it was only just for Bobby's benefit. Sam choosing Ruby over Dean has also damaged Dean's trust in his brother and he doesn't know how to get over it.
Reception
Viewers
The episode was watched by 3.40 million viewers. This was a 17% increase in viewership from the fourth season finale, which was watched by 2.89 million viewers but a 15% decrease from the previous season premiere, which was watched by 3.96 million viewers.
Critical reviews
"Sympathy for the Devil" received universal acclaim. Diana Steenbergen of IGN gave the episode an "amazing" 9.0 out of 10 and wrote, "It is not just the words however, it is the way they are delivered perfectly by each character that makes the script work as well as it does. Supernatural is blessed with great comic timing and deadpan delivery from both Jensen Ackles and Jared Padalecki, but the real scene stealer in that department is Rob Benedict as Chuck Shurley. I love how after picking a bloody molar out of his hair he feels the need to share that he is having a 'really stressful day.' His chagrin at being forced to reach out to one of his fans is classic, and I appreciate the fact that the show is continuing what they started last season with their own special way of acknowledging and lovingly poking fun at their own fans through the fans of Chuck. That girl's reaction to meeting the real Sam and Dean is hilarious."
The A.V. Club's Zack Handlen gave the episode a "B+" grade and wrote, "One of the best parts about last season was that it got complex enough that it wasn't easy anymore to tell white shirts from black. I'm sure Satan will turn out to be a monster, and that Sam and Dean will have to take him down, and it will be awesome. But when Nick says 'Yes,' I felt satisfied, and not just because I want to see Lucifer's next move. Like I said before, the title of the episode was actually a little smarter than I initially thought; because here is a devil it's not that hard to agree with."
Jon Lachonis of TV Overmind, wrote, "Snappy writing, great twists, awesome dialogue. Supernatural continues to be one of the best shows on television. As far as premieres go, this was one of the most fluid setups for a season long arc that I have ever seen, mostly because the body of the episode played as a really good story instead of becoming subtext to the 'grand plan.' Each returning character was given classy and effective treatment I almost jumped out of my seat when Castiel returned and the newest character, Becky, is a terrific gateway character for we obsessed fans, and I hope we see more of her. Score one for Supernatural. Exhilarating, exciting, intense, and hypnotically engrossing – this is how television is done people."
References
External links
Supernatural (season 5) episodes
2009 American television episodes
Fiction about the Devil
Television episodes set in Maryland
Television episodes set in Delaware
Television episodes set in New York (state)
Television episodes written by Eric Kripke
|
Reichart, Reichhart or Reichardt are surnames, and may refer to:
Israel Reichart, Israeli biologist and agriculturist
Johann Reichhart, German executioner
Johann Friedrich Reichardt, Prussian composer
Kelly Reichardt, American film director
Louis Reichardt, American big-mountain mountaineer
Margaretha Reichardt (1907-1984), German textile designer and former Bauhaus student
Martin Reichardt (born 1969), German politician
Rick Reichardt, American baseball player
Patricia "Peppermint Patty" Reichardt, a character in the Peanuts comic strip.
Werner E. Reichardt, German physicist and biologist
also
Robert Reichert, mayor of Macon, Georgia
Surnames
German-language surnames
Surnames of Jewish origin
|
Strzałków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stopnica, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Stopnica, east of Busko-Zdrój, and south of the regional capital Kielce.
References
Villages in Busko County
|
```php
<?php
/*
* ABOUT THIS PHP SAMPLE: This sample is part of the SDK for PHP Developer Guide topic at
* path_to_url
*
*/
// snippet-start:[sqs.php.dead_letter_queue.complete]
// snippet-start:[sqs.php.dead_letter_queue.import]
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use Aws\Exception\AwsException;
use Aws\Sqs\SqsClient;
// snippet-end:[sqs.php.dead_letter_queue.import]
/**
* Enable Dead Letter Queue
*
* This code expects that you have AWS credentials set up per:
* path_to_url
*/
// snippet-start:[sqs.php.dead_letter_queue.main]
$queueUrl = "QUEUE_URL";
$client = new SqsClient([
'profile' => 'default',
'region' => 'us-west-2',
'version' => '2012-11-05'
]);
try {
$result = $client->setQueueAttributes([
'Attributes' => [
'RedrivePolicy' => "{\"deadLetterTargetArn\":\"DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE_ARN\",\"maxReceiveCount\":\"10\"}"
],
'QueueUrl' => $queueUrl // REQUIRED
]);
var_dump($result);
} catch (AwsException $e) {
// output error message if fails
error_log($e->getMessage());
}
// snippet-end:[sqs.php.dead_letter_queue.main]
// snippet-end:[sqs.php.dead_letter_queue.complete]
```
|
```objective-c
// 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
/*
***************************************************************************
* and others. All rights reserved. *
***************************************************************************
*/
#ifndef LOCALSVC_H
#define LOCALSVC_H
#include "unicode/utypes.h"
#if defined(U_LOCAL_SERVICE_HOOK) && U_LOCAL_SERVICE_HOOK
/**
* Prototype for user-supplied service hook. This function is expected to return
* a type of factory object specific to the requested service.
*
* @param what service-specific string identifying the specific user hook
* @param status error status
* @return a service-specific hook, or NULL on failure.
*/
U_CAPI void* uprv_svc_hook(const char *what, UErrorCode *status);
#endif
#endif
```
|
The Suicide Twins was a rock band, set up by Andy McCoy and Nasty Suicide (here credited as Nasty Superstar) after the break-up of Hanoi Rocks. The band managed to record only one album, Silver Missiles And Nightingales. This was done with acoustic guitars, with the two sharing vocal duties along with the late René Berg. The band filmed a video for the single "Sweet Pretending" which features Nasty lip-synching as the song features Rene on lead vocals. The album was issued on CD by Castle Communications and is considered a classic by many. The song "The Best Is Yet To Come" was later covered by Samantha Fox. The album was actually recorded the same time as the EP's by the Cherry Bombz.
Suicide Twins, The
Suicide Twins, The
|
```go
package fn
import (
"sync"
)
// ConcurrentQueue is a typed concurrent-safe FIFO queue with unbounded
// capacity. Clients interact with the queue by pushing items into the in
// channel and popping items from the out channel. There is a goroutine that
// manages moving items from the in channel to the out channel in the correct
// order that must be started by calling Start().
type ConcurrentQueue[T any] struct {
started sync.Once
stopped sync.Once
chanIn chan T
chanOut chan T
overflow *List[T]
wg sync.WaitGroup
quit chan struct{}
}
// NewConcurrentQueue constructs a ConcurrentQueue. The bufferSize parameter is
// the capacity of the output channel. When the size of the queue is below this
// threshold, pushes do not incur the overhead of the less efficient overflow
// structure.
func NewConcurrentQueue[T any](bufferSize int) *ConcurrentQueue[T] {
return &ConcurrentQueue[T]{
chanIn: make(chan T),
chanOut: make(chan T, bufferSize),
overflow: NewList[T](),
quit: make(chan struct{}),
}
}
// ChanIn returns a channel that can be used to push new items into the queue.
func (cq *ConcurrentQueue[T]) ChanIn() chan<- T {
return cq.chanIn
}
// ChanOut returns a channel that can be used to pop items from the queue.
func (cq *ConcurrentQueue[T]) ChanOut() <-chan T {
return cq.chanOut
}
// Start begins a goroutine that manages moving items from the in channel to the
// out channel. The queue tries to move items directly to the out channel
// minimize overhead, but if the out channel is full it pushes items to an
// overflow queue. This must be called before using the queue.
func (cq *ConcurrentQueue[T]) Start() {
cq.started.Do(cq.start)
}
func (cq *ConcurrentQueue[T]) start() {
cq.wg.Add(1)
go func() {
defer cq.wg.Done()
readLoop:
for {
nextElement := cq.overflow.Front()
if nextElement == nil {
// Overflow queue is empty so incoming items can
// be pushed directly to the output channel. If
// output channel is full though, push to
// overflow.
select {
case item, ok := <-cq.chanIn:
if !ok {
break readLoop
}
select {
case cq.chanOut <- item:
// Optimistically push directly
// to chanOut.
default:
cq.overflow.PushBack(item)
}
case <-cq.quit:
return
}
} else {
// Overflow queue is not empty, so any new items
// get pushed to the back to preserve order.
select {
case item, ok := <-cq.chanIn:
if !ok {
break readLoop
}
cq.overflow.PushBack(item)
case cq.chanOut <- nextElement.Value:
cq.overflow.Remove(nextElement)
case <-cq.quit:
return
}
}
}
// Incoming channel has been closed. Empty overflow queue into
// the outgoing channel.
nextElement := cq.overflow.Front()
for nextElement != nil {
select {
case cq.chanOut <- nextElement.Value:
cq.overflow.Remove(nextElement)
case <-cq.quit:
return
}
nextElement = cq.overflow.Front()
}
// Close outgoing channel.
close(cq.chanOut)
}()
}
// Stop ends the goroutine that moves items from the in channel to the out
// channel. This does not clear the queue state, so the queue can be restarted
// without dropping items.
func (cq *ConcurrentQueue[T]) Stop() {
cq.stopped.Do(func() {
close(cq.quit)
cq.wg.Wait()
})
}
```
|
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import SvgIcon from '../../SvgIcon';
const NotificationPhoneLocked = (props) => (
<SvgIcon {...props}>
<path d="M20 15.5c-1.25 0-2.45-.2-3.57-.57-.35-.11-.74-.03-1.02.24l-2.2 2.2c-2.83-1.44-5.15-3.75-6.59-6.59l2.2-2.21c.28-.26.36-.65.25-1C8.7 6.45 8.5 5.25 8.5 4c0-.55-.45-1-1-1H4c-.55 0-1 .45-1 1 0 9.39 7.61 17 17 17 .55 0 1-.45 1-1v-3.5c0-.55-.45-1-1-1zM20 4v-.5C20 2.12 18.88 1 17.5 1S15 2.12 15 3.5V4c-.55 0-1 .45-1 1v4c0 .55.45 1 1 1h5c.55 0 1-.45 1-1V5c0-.55-.45-1-1-1zm-.8 0h-3.4v-.5c0-.94.76-1.7 1.7-1.7s1.7.76 1.7 1.7V4z"/>
</SvgIcon>
);
NotificationPhoneLocked.displayName = 'NotificationPhoneLocked';
NotificationPhoneLocked.muiName = 'SvgIcon';
export default NotificationPhoneLocked;
```
|
Carlos Eduardo Romão is a Brazilian Magic: The Gathering player. He is known for his win at the 2002 World Championships. Along with Diego Ostrovich, he is widely regarded as the first South American to achieve success on the Pro Tour, and was the first South American to win a Pro Tour.
Achievements
In 2010, Carlos Romão was invited to play in the 2010 Magic Online World Championships. The tournament only contained 12 players, the winners of 10 invitation-only Season Championships, the winner of one Last Chance Qualifier and the Magic Online Player of the Year. Romão earned his place by winning the fourth Season Championship. The event took place alongside the paper World Championships in Chiba, Japan. Romão would win the tournament defeating Akira Asahara 2-1 in the finals to take the title of 2010 Magic Online World Champion.
References
Living people
Magic: The Gathering players
People from São Paulo
1982 births
Players who have won the Magic: The Gathering World Championship
|
```javascript
/*
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
* copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
* in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
* * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
window.requestFileSystem = window.requestFileSystem || window.webkitRequestFileSystem;
/**
* @constructor
*/
WebInspector.TempFile = function()
{
this._fileEntry = null;
this._writer = null;
}
/**
* @param {string} dirPath
* @param {string} name
* @return {!Promise.<!WebInspector.TempFile>}
*/
WebInspector.TempFile.create = function(dirPath, name)
{
var file = new WebInspector.TempFile();
function requestTempFileSystem()
{
return new Promise(window.requestFileSystem.bind(window, window.TEMPORARY, 10));
}
/**
* @param {!FileSystem} fs
*/
function getDirectoryEntry(fs)
{
return new Promise(fs.root.getDirectory.bind(fs.root, dirPath, { create: true }));
}
/**
* @param {!DirectoryEntry} dir
*/
function getFileEntry(dir)
{
return new Promise(dir.getFile.bind(dir, name, { create: true }));
}
/**
* @param {!FileEntry} fileEntry
*/
function createFileWriter(fileEntry)
{
file._fileEntry = fileEntry;
return new Promise(fileEntry.createWriter.bind(fileEntry));
}
/**
* @param {!FileWriter} writer
*/
function truncateFile(writer)
{
if (!writer.length) {
file._writer = writer;
return Promise.resolve(file);
}
/**
* @param {function(?)} fulfill
* @param {function(*)} reject
*/
function truncate(fulfill, reject)
{
writer.onwriteend = fulfill;
writer.onerror = reject;
writer.truncate(0);
}
function didTruncate()
{
file._writer = writer;
writer.onwriteend = null;
writer.onerror = null;
return Promise.resolve(file);
}
function onTruncateError(e)
{
writer.onwriteend = null;
writer.onerror = null;
throw e;
}
return new Promise(truncate).then(didTruncate, onTruncateError);
}
return WebInspector.TempFile.ensureTempStorageCleared()
.then(requestTempFileSystem)
.then(getDirectoryEntry)
.then(getFileEntry)
.then(createFileWriter)
.then(truncateFile);
}
WebInspector.TempFile.prototype = {
/**
* @param {!Array.<string>} strings
* @param {function(number)} callback
*/
write: function(strings, callback)
{
var blob = new Blob(strings, {type: 'text/plain'});
this._writer.onerror = function(e)
{
WebInspector.console.error("Failed to write into a temp file: " + e.target.error.message);
callback(-1);
}
this._writer.onwriteend = function(e)
{
callback(e.target.length);
}
this._writer.write(blob);
},
finishWriting: function()
{
this._writer = null;
},
/**
* @param {function(?string)} callback
*/
read: function(callback)
{
this.readRange(undefined, undefined, callback);
},
/**
* @param {number|undefined} startOffset
* @param {number|undefined} endOffset
* @param {function(?string)} callback
*/
readRange: function(startOffset, endOffset, callback)
{
/**
* @param {!Blob} file
*/
function didGetFile(file)
{
var reader = new FileReader();
if (typeof startOffset === "number" || typeof endOffset === "number")
file = file.slice(/** @type {number} */ (startOffset), /** @type {number} */ (endOffset));
/**
* @this {FileReader}
*/
reader.onloadend = function(e)
{
callback(/** @type {?string} */ (this.result));
};
reader.onerror = function(error)
{
WebInspector.console.error("Failed to read from temp file: " + error.message);
};
reader.readAsText(file);
}
function didFailToGetFile(error)
{
WebInspector.console.error("Failed to load temp file: " + error.message);
callback(null);
}
this._fileEntry.file(didGetFile, didFailToGetFile);
},
/**
* @param {!WebInspector.OutputStream} outputStream
* @param {!WebInspector.OutputStreamDelegate} delegate
*/
writeToOutputSteam: function(outputStream, delegate)
{
/**
* @param {!File} file
*/
function didGetFile(file)
{
var reader = new WebInspector.ChunkedFileReader(file, 10*1000*1000, delegate);
reader.start(outputStream);
}
function didFailToGetFile(error)
{
WebInspector.console.error("Failed to load temp file: " + error.message);
outputStream.close();
}
this._fileEntry.file(didGetFile, didFailToGetFile);
},
remove: function()
{
if (this._fileEntry)
this._fileEntry.remove(function() {});
}
}
/**
* @constructor
* @param {string} dirPath
* @param {string} name
*/
WebInspector.DeferredTempFile = function(dirPath, name)
{
/** @type {!Array.<!{strings: !Array.<string>, callback: function(number)}>} */
this._chunks = [];
this._tempFile = null;
this._isWriting = false;
this._finishCallback = null;
this._finishedWriting = false;
this._callsPendingOpen = [];
this._pendingReads = [];
WebInspector.TempFile.create(dirPath, name)
.then(this._didCreateTempFile.bind(this), this._failedToCreateTempFile.bind(this));
}
WebInspector.DeferredTempFile.prototype = {
/**
* @param {!Array.<string>} strings
* @param {function(number)=} callback
*/
write: function(strings, callback)
{
if (!this._chunks)
return;
if (this._finishCallback)
throw new Error("No writes are allowed after close.");
this._chunks.push({strings: strings, callback: callback});
if (this._tempFile && !this._isWriting)
this._writeNextChunk();
},
/**
* @param {function(?WebInspector.TempFile)} callback
*/
finishWriting: function(callback)
{
this._finishCallback = callback;
if (this._finishedWriting)
callback(this._tempFile);
else if (!this._isWriting && !this._chunks.length)
this._notifyFinished();
},
/**
* @param {*} e
*/
_failedToCreateTempFile: function(e)
{
WebInspector.console.error("Failed to create temp file " + e.code + " : " + e.message);
this._notifyFinished();
},
/**
* @param {!WebInspector.TempFile} tempFile
*/
_didCreateTempFile: function(tempFile)
{
this._tempFile = tempFile;
var callsPendingOpen = this._callsPendingOpen;
this._callsPendingOpen = null;
for (var i = 0; i < callsPendingOpen.length; ++i)
callsPendingOpen[i]();
if (this._chunks.length)
this._writeNextChunk();
},
_writeNextChunk: function()
{
var chunk = this._chunks.shift();
this._isWriting = true;
this._tempFile.write(/** @type {!Array.<string>} */(chunk.strings), this._didWriteChunk.bind(this, chunk.callback));
},
/**
* @param {?function(number)} callback
* @param {number} size
*/
_didWriteChunk: function(callback, size)
{
this._isWriting = false;
if (size === -1) {
this._tempFile = null;
this._notifyFinished();
return;
}
if (callback)
callback(size);
if (this._chunks.length)
this._writeNextChunk();
else if (this._finishCallback)
this._notifyFinished();
},
_notifyFinished: function()
{
this._finishedWriting = true;
if (this._tempFile)
this._tempFile.finishWriting();
var chunks = this._chunks;
this._chunks = [];
for (var i = 0; i < chunks.length; ++i) {
if (chunks[i].callback)
chunks[i].callback(-1);
}
if (this._finishCallback)
this._finishCallback(this._tempFile);
var pendingReads = this._pendingReads;
this._pendingReads = [];
for (var i = 0; i < pendingReads.length; ++i)
pendingReads[i]();
},
/**
* @param {number|undefined} startOffset
* @param {number|undefined} endOffset
* @param {function(string?)} callback
*/
readRange: function(startOffset, endOffset, callback)
{
if (!this._finishedWriting) {
this._pendingReads.push(this.readRange.bind(this, startOffset, endOffset, callback));
return;
}
if (!this._tempFile) {
callback(null);
return;
}
this._tempFile.readRange(startOffset, endOffset, callback);
},
/**
* @param {!WebInspector.OutputStream} outputStream
* @param {!WebInspector.OutputStreamDelegate} delegate
*/
writeToOutputStream: function(outputStream, delegate)
{
if (this._callsPendingOpen) {
this._callsPendingOpen.push(this.writeToOutputStream.bind(this, outputStream, delegate));
return;
}
if (this._tempFile)
this._tempFile.writeToOutputSteam(outputStream, delegate);
},
remove: function()
{
if (this._callsPendingOpen) {
this._callsPendingOpen.push(this.remove.bind(this));
return;
}
if (this._tempFile)
this._tempFile.remove();
}
}
/**
* @param {function(?)} fulfill
* @param {function(*)} reject
*/
WebInspector.TempFile._clearTempStorage = function(fulfill, reject)
{
/**
* @param {!Event} event
*/
function handleError(event)
{
WebInspector.console.error(WebInspector.UIString("Failed to clear temp storage: %s", event.data));
reject(event.data);
}
/**
* @param {!Event} event
*/
function handleMessage(event)
{
if (event.data.type === "tempStorageCleared") {
if (event.data.error)
WebInspector.console.error(event.data.error);
else
fulfill(undefined);
return;
}
reject(event.data);
}
try {
var worker = new WorkerRuntime.Worker("temp_storage_shared_worker", "TempStorageCleaner");
worker.onerror = handleError;
worker.port.onmessage = handleMessage;
worker.port.onerror = handleError;
} catch (e) {
if (e.name === "URLMismatchError")
console.log("Shared worker wasn't started due to url difference. " + e);
else
throw e;
}
}
/**
* @return {!Promise.<undefined>}
*/
WebInspector.TempFile.ensureTempStorageCleared = function()
{
if (!WebInspector.TempFile._storageCleanerPromise)
WebInspector.TempFile._storageCleanerPromise = new Promise(WebInspector.TempFile._clearTempStorage);
return WebInspector.TempFile._storageCleanerPromise;
}
/**
* @constructor
* @implements {WebInspector.BackingStorage}
* @param {string} dirName
*/
WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage = function(dirName)
{
this._dirName = dirName;
this.reset();
}
/**
* @typedef {{
* string: ?string,
* startOffset: number,
* endOffset: number
* }}
*/
WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage.Chunk;
WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage.prototype = {
/**
* @override
* @param {string} string
*/
appendString: function(string)
{
this._strings.push(string);
this._stringsLength += string.length;
var flushStringLength = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
if (this._stringsLength > flushStringLength)
this._flush(false);
},
/**
* @override
* @param {string} string
* @return {function():!Promise.<?string>}
*/
appendAccessibleString: function(string)
{
this._flush(false);
this._strings.push(string);
var chunk = /** @type {!WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage.Chunk} */ (this._flush(true));
/**
* @param {!WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage.Chunk} chunk
* @param {!WebInspector.DeferredTempFile} file
* @return {!Promise.<?string>}
*/
function readString(chunk, file)
{
if (chunk.string)
return /** @type {!Promise.<?string>} */ (Promise.resolve(chunk.string));
console.assert(chunk.endOffset);
if (!chunk.endOffset)
return Promise.reject("Nor string nor offset to the string in the file were found.");
/**
* @param {function(?string)} fulfill
* @param {function(*)} reject
*/
function readRange(fulfill, reject)
{
// FIXME: call reject for null strings.
file.readRange(chunk.startOffset, chunk.endOffset, fulfill);
}
return new Promise(readRange);
}
return readString.bind(null, chunk, this._file);
},
/**
* @param {boolean} createChunk
* @return {?WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage.Chunk}
*/
_flush: function(createChunk)
{
if (!this._strings.length)
return null;
var chunk = null;
if (createChunk) {
console.assert(this._strings.length === 1);
chunk = {
string: this._strings[0],
startOffset: 0,
endOffset: 0
};
}
/**
* @this {WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage}
* @param {?WebInspector.TempFileBackingStorage.Chunk} chunk
* @param {number} fileSize
*/
function didWrite(chunk, fileSize)
{
if (fileSize === -1)
return;
if (chunk) {
chunk.startOffset = this._fileSize;
chunk.endOffset = fileSize;
chunk.string = null;
}
this._fileSize = fileSize;
}
this._file.write(this._strings, didWrite.bind(this, chunk));
this._strings = [];
this._stringsLength = 0;
return chunk;
},
/**
* @override
*/
finishWriting: function()
{
this._flush(false);
this._file.finishWriting(function() {});
},
/**
* @override
*/
reset: function()
{
if (this._file)
this._file.remove();
this._file = new WebInspector.DeferredTempFile(this._dirName, String(Date.now()));
/**
* @type {!Array.<string>}
*/
this._strings = [];
this._stringsLength = 0;
this._fileSize = 0;
},
/**
* @param {!WebInspector.OutputStream} outputStream
* @param {!WebInspector.OutputStreamDelegate} delegate
*/
writeToStream: function(outputStream, delegate)
{
this._file.writeToOutputStream(outputStream, delegate);
}
}
```
|
Kudarikoti Annadanayya Swami (1935 – 14 February 2023) was an Indian judge who served as Chief Justice of Madras High Court from 1993 to 1997 and also was Judge of Karnataka High Court.
Personal life and career
Swami was born on 20 March 1935. He was appointed to Judge of Karnataka High Court in 1980 and also was Acting Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court from 1992 to 1993 and then became Chief Justice of Madras High Court on 1 July 1993. Swami died on 14 February 2023, at the age of 87.
References
1935 births
2023 deaths
Indian judges
|
```scala
/*
*/
package akka.stream.alpakka.jms.impl
import javax.jms
import akka.annotation.InternalApi
import akka.stream.alpakka.jms._
import akka.util.ByteString
import scala.annotation.tailrec
import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
@InternalApi
private[jms] object JmsMessageReader {
/**
* Read a [[akka.util.ByteString]] from a [[javax.jms.BytesMessage]]
*/
def readBytes(message: jms.BytesMessage, bufferSize: Int = 4096): ByteString = {
if (message.getBodyLength > Int.MaxValue)
sys.error(s"Message too large, unable to read ${message.getBodyLength} bytes of data")
val buff = new Array[Byte](Math.min(message.getBodyLength, bufferSize).toInt)
@tailrec def read(data: ByteString): ByteString =
if (message.getBodyLength == data.length)
data
else {
val len = message.readBytes(buff)
val d = buff.take(len)
read(data ++ ByteString(d))
}
read(ByteString.empty)
}
/**
* Read a byte array from a [[javax.jms.BytesMessage]]
*/
def readArray(message: jms.BytesMessage, bufferSize: Int = 4096): Array[Byte] =
readBytes(message, bufferSize).toArray
private def createMap(keys: java.util.Enumeration[_], accessor: String => AnyRef) =
keys
.asInstanceOf[java.util.Enumeration[String]]
.asScala
.map { key =>
key -> (accessor(key) match {
case v: java.lang.Boolean => v.booleanValue()
case v: java.lang.Byte => v.byteValue()
case v: java.lang.Short => v.shortValue()
case v: java.lang.Integer => v.intValue()
case v: java.lang.Long => v.longValue()
case v: java.lang.Float => v.floatValue()
case v: java.lang.Double => v.doubleValue()
case other => other
})
}
.toMap
/**
* Read a Scala Map from a [[javax.jms.MapMessage]]
*/
def readMap(message: jms.MapMessage): Map[String, Any] =
createMap(message.getMapNames, message.getObject)
/**
* Extract a properties map from a [[javax.jms.Message]]
*/
def readProperties(message: jms.Message): Map[String, Any] =
createMap(message.getPropertyNames, message.getObjectProperty)
/**
* Extract [[JmsHeader]]s from a [[javax.jms.Message]]
*/
def readHeaders(message: jms.Message): Set[JmsHeader] = {
def messageId = Option(message.getJMSMessageID).map(JmsMessageId(_))
def timestamp = Some(JmsTimestamp(message.getJMSTimestamp))
def correlationId = Option(message.getJMSCorrelationID).map(JmsCorrelationId(_))
def replyTo = Option(message.getJMSReplyTo).map(Destination(_)).map(JmsReplyTo(_))
def deliveryMode = Some(JmsDeliveryMode(message.getJMSDeliveryMode))
def redelivered = Some(JmsRedelivered(message.getJMSRedelivered))
def jmsType = Option(message.getJMSType).map(JmsType(_))
def expiration = Some(JmsExpiration(message.getJMSExpiration))
def priority = Some(JmsPriority(message.getJMSPriority))
Set(messageId, timestamp, correlationId, replyTo, deliveryMode, redelivered, jmsType, expiration, priority).flatten
}
}
```
|
```xml
type X = [...number[]];
```
|
Pessi is a surname. People with this surname include:
Benjamín Rojas Pessi (born 1985), Argentine actor and singer
Giorgio Pessi (1891–1933), Italian World War I ace pilot
Ville Pessi (1902–1983), Finnish politician
See also
Pessi and Illusia, a 1984 Finnish fantasy film
Italian-language surnames
|
"I Won't Take Less Than Your Love" is a song written by Paul Overstreet and Don Schlitz, and recorded by American country music artist Tanya Tucker with Paul Davis & Overstreet. It was released in October 1987 as the second single from the album Love Me Like You Used To. The single reached number one for the week of February 27, 1988, and spent fifteen weeks on the country chart.
Content
The song showcases three examples of servitude and gratitude, and the receiver—a man devoted to his wife, a grateful son, and a Christian deeply committed to serving God—seeking a way to repay the giver. Each one responds with the song's title line, the lesson being that love is worth more than all of the riches, comforts and treasures of the world.
The first verse (about the married couple) was sung by Davis, the second verse (about the mother-son relationship) by Tucker, and the final verse (the Christian) by Overstreet.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
1987 singles
1987 songs
Paul Overstreet songs
Paul Davis (singer) songs
Tanya Tucker songs
Songs written by Paul Overstreet
Songs written by Don Schlitz
Capitol Records Nashville singles
Song recordings produced by Jerry Crutchfield
Vocal collaborations
|
In stochastic analysis, a rough path is a generalization of the notion of smooth path allowing to construct a robust solution theory for controlled differential equations driven by classically irregular signals, for example a Wiener process. The theory was developed in the 1990s by Terry Lyons.
Several accounts of the theory are available.
Rough path theory is focused on capturing and making precise the interactions between highly oscillatory and non-linear systems. It builds upon the harmonic analysis of L.C. Young, the geometric algebra of K.T. Chen, the Lipschitz function theory of H. Whitney and core ideas of stochastic analysis. The concepts and the uniform estimates have widespread application in pure and applied Mathematics and beyond. It provides a toolbox to recover with relative ease many classical results in stochastic analysis (Wong-Zakai, Stroock-Varadhan support theorem, construction of stochastic flows, etc) without using specific probabilistic properties such as the martingale property or predictability. The theory also extends Itô's theory of SDEs far beyond the semimartingale setting. At the heart of the mathematics is the challenge of describing a smooth but potentially highly oscillatory and multidimensional path effectively so as to accurately predict its effect on a nonlinear dynamical system . The Signature is a homomorphism from the monoid of paths (under concatenation) into the grouplike elements of the free tensor algebra. It provides a graduated summary of the path . This noncommutative transform is faithful for paths up to appropriate null modifications. These graduated summaries or features of a path are at the heart of the definition of a rough path; locally they remove the need to look at the fine structure of the path. Taylor's theorem explains how any smooth function can, locally, be expressed as a linear combination of certain special functions (monomials based at that point). Coordinate iterated integrals (terms of the signature) form a more subtle algebra of features that can describe a stream or path in an analogous way; they allow a definition of rough path and form a natural linear "basis" for continuous functions on paths.
Martin Hairer used rough paths to construct a robust solution theory for the KPZ equation. He then proposed a generalization known as the theory of regularity structures for which he was awarded a Fields medal in 2014.
Motivation
Rough path theory aims to make sense of the controlled differential equation
where the control, the continuous path taking values in a Banach space, need not be differentiable nor of bounded variation. A prevalent example of the controlled path is the sample path of a Wiener process. In this case, the aforementioned controlled differential equation can be interpreted as a stochastic differential equation and integration against "" can be defined in the sense of Itô. However, Itô's calculus is defined in the sense of and is in particular not a pathwise definition. Rough paths give an almost sure pathwise definition of stochastic differential equations. The rough path notion of solution is well-posed in the sense that if is a sequence of smooth paths converging to in the -variation metric (described below), and
then converges to in the -variation metric.
This continuity property and the deterministic nature of solutions makes it possible to simplify and strengthen many results in Stochastic Analysis, such as the Freidlin-Wentzell's Large Deviation theory as well as results about stochastic flows.
In fact, rough path theory can go far beyond the scope of Itô and Stratonovich calculus and allows to make sense of differential equations driven by non-semimartingale paths, such as Gaussian processes and Markov processes.
Definition of a rough path
Rough paths are paths taking values in the truncated free tensor algebra (more precisely: in the free nilpotent group embedded in the free tensor algebra), which this section now briefly recalls. The tensor powers of , denoted , are equipped with the projective norm (see Topological tensor product, note that rough path theory in fact works for a more general class of norms).
Let be the truncated tensor algebra
where by convention .
Let be the simplex .
Let . Let and be continuous maps .
Let denote the projection of onto -tensors and likewise for . The -variation metric is defined as
where the supremum is taken over all finite partitions of .
A continuous function is a -geometric rough path if there exists a sequence of paths with finite total variation such that
converges in the -variation metric to as .
Universal limit theorem
A central result in rough path theory is Lyons' Universal Limit theorem. One (weak) version of the result is the following:
Let be a sequence of paths with finite total variation and let
denote the rough path lift of .
Suppose that converges in the -variation metric to a -geometric rough path as . Let be functions that have at least bounded derivatives and the -th derivatives are -Hölder continuous for some . Let be the solution to the differential equation
and let be defined as
Then converges in the -variation metric to a -geometric rough path .
Moreover, is the solution to the differential equation
driven by the geometric rough path .
Concisely, the theorem can be interpreted as saying that the solution map (aka the Itô-Lyons map) of the RDE is continuous (and in fact locally lipschitz) in the -variation topology. Hence rough paths theory demonstrates that by viewing driving signals as rough paths, one has a robust solution theory for classical stochastic differential equations and beyond.
Examples of rough paths
Brownian motion
Let be a multidimensional standard Brownian motion. Let denote the Stratonovich integration. Then
is a -geometric rough path for any . This geometric rough path is called the Stratonovich Brownian rough path.
Fractional Brownian motion
More generally, let be a multidimensional fractional Brownian motion (a process whose coordinate components are independent fractional Brownian motions) with . If is the -th dyadic piecewise linear interpolation of , then
converges almost surely in the -variation metric to a -geometric rough path for . This limiting geometric rough path can be used to make sense of differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter . When , it turns out that the above limit along dyadic approximations does not converge in -variation. However, one can of course still make sense of differential equations provided one exhibits a rough path lift, existence of such a (non-unique) lift is a consequence of the Lyons–Victoir extension theorem.
Non-uniqueness of enhancement
In general, let be a -valued stochastic process. If one can construct, almost surely, functions so that
is a -geometric rough path, then is an enhancement of the process . Once an enhancement has been chosen, the machinery of rough path theory will allow one to make sense of the controlled differential equation
for sufficiently regular vector fields
Note that every stochastic process (even if it is a deterministic path) can have more than one (in fact, uncountably many) possible enhancements. Different enhancements will give rise to different solutions to the controlled differential equations. In particular, it is possible to enhance Brownian motion to a geometric rough path in a way other than the Brownian rough path. This implies that the Stratonovich calculus is not the only theory of stochastic calculus that satisfies the classical product rule
In fact any enhancement of Brownian motion as a geometric rough path will give rise a calculus that satisfies this classical product rule. Itô calculus does not come directly from enhancing Brownian motion as a geometric rough path, but rather as a branched rough path.
Applications in stochastic analysis
Stochastic differential equations driven by non-semimartingales
Rough path theory allows to give a pathwise notion of solution to (stochastic) differential equations of the form
provided that the multidimensional stochastic process can be almost surely enhanced as a rough path and that the drift and the volatility are sufficiently smooth (see the section on the Universal Limit Theorem).
There are many examples of Markov processes, Gaussian processes, and other processes that can be enhanced as rough paths.
There are, in particular, many results on the solution to differential equation driven by fractional Brownian motion that have been proved using a combination of Malliavin calculus and rough path theory. In fact, it has been proved recently that the solution to controlled differential equation driven by a class of Gaussian processes, which includes fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter , has a smooth density under the Hörmander's condition on the vector fields.
Freidlin–Wentzell's large deviation theory
Let denote the space of bounded linear maps from a Banach space to another Banach space .
Let be a -dimensional standard Brownian motion. Let and be twice-differentiable functions and whose second derivatives are -Hölder for some .
Let be the unique solution to the stochastic differential equation
where denotes Stratonovich integration.
The Freidlin Wentzell's large deviation theory aims to study the asymptotic behavior, as , of for closed or open sets with respect to the uniform topology.
The Universal Limit Theorem guarantees that the Itô map sending the control path to the solution is a continuous map from the -variation topology to the -variation topology (and hence the uniform topology). Therefore, the Contraction principle in large deviations theory reduces Freidlin–Wentzell's problem to demonstrating the large deviation principle for in the -variation topology.
This strategy can be applied to not just differential equations driven by the Brownian motion but also to the differential equations driven any stochastic processes which can be enhanced as rough paths, such as fractional Brownian motion.
Stochastic flow
Once again, let be a -dimensional Brownian motion. Assume that the drift term and the volatility term has sufficient regularity so that the stochastic differential equation
has a unique solution in the sense of rough path. A basic question in the theory of stochastic flow is whether the flow map exists and satisfy the cocyclic property that for all ,
outside a null set independent of .
The Universal Limit Theorem once again reduces this problem to whether the Brownian rough path exists and satisfies the multiplicative property that for all ,
outside a null set independent of , and .
In fact, rough path theory gives the existence and uniqueness of not only outside a null set independent of , and but also of the drift and the volatility .
As in the case of Freidlin–Wentzell theory, this strategy holds not just for differential equations driven by the Brownian motion but to any stochastic processes that can be enhanced as rough paths.
Controlled rough path
Controlled rough paths, introduced by M. Gubinelli, are paths for which the rough integral
can be defined for a given geometric rough path .
More precisely, let denote the space of bounded linear maps from a Banach space to another Banach space .
Given a -geometric rough path
on , a -controlled path is a function such that and that there exists such that for all and ,
and
Example: Lip(γ) function
Let be a -geometric rough path satisfying the Hölder condition that there exists , for all and all ,
where denotes the -th tensor component of .
Let . Let be an -times differentiable function and the -th derivative is Hölder, then
is a -controlled path.
Integral of a controlled path is a controlled path
If is a -controlled path where , then
is defined and the path
is a -controlled path.
Solution to controlled differential equation is a controlled path
Let be functions that has at least derivatives and the -th derivatives are -Hölder continuous for some . Let be the solution to the differential equation
Define
where denotes the derivative operator, then
is a -controlled path.
Signature
Let be a continuous function with finite total variation. Define
The signature of a path is defined to be .
The signature can also be defined for geometric rough paths. Let be a geometric rough path and let be a sequence of paths with finite total variation such that
converges in the -variation metric to . Then
converges as for each . The signature of the geometric rough path can be defined as the limit of as .
The signature satisfies Chen's identity, that
for all .
Kernel of the signature transform
The set of paths whose signature is the trivial sequence, or more precisely,
can be completely characterized using the idea of tree-like path.
A -geometric rough path is tree-like if there exists a continuous function such that and for all and all ,
where denotes the -th tensor component of .
A geometric rough path satisfies if and only if is tree-like.
Given the signature of a path, it is possible to reconstruct the unique path that has no tree-like pieces.
Infinite dimensions
It is also possible to extend the core results in rough path theory to infinite dimensions, providing that the norm on the tensor algebra satisfies certain admissibility condition.
References
Differential equations
Stochastic processes
|
The 10th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards, presented by AARP the Magazine, honored films released in 2010 made by people over the age of 50 and were announced on January 14, 2011. The ceremony was hosted by actors Dana Delany and Peter Gallagher on February 7, 2011 at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Los Angeles. Robert Redford was the winner of the annual Career Achievement Award, and Helen Mirren won the award for Breakthrough Achievement for her performance in Red.
Awards
Winners and Nominees
Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger ().
Career Achievement Award
Robert Redford: "a film icon who has captivated audiences for decades with stellar performances in countless films including The Way We Were, All the President's Men and The Natural, and Oscar-winning directing in Ordinary People."
Breakthrough Accomplishment
Helen Mirren: "The First Lady of the Cinema, playing a spy forced out of retirement, kicks a heap of bad-guy butt. Best moment: at the trigger of a machine gun the size of a Buick."
Films with multiple nominations and wins
References
AARP Movies for Grownups Awards
AARP
AARP
|
The following individuals have been identified as senior officers (currently or in the past) of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army (AJA), which is a branch of the Iranian Armed Forces.
Chiefs of the Joint Staff
|-
! colspan="8" align="center" | Imperial Iranian Armed Forces
|-
! colspan="8" align="center" | Islamic Republic of Iran Army
Commanders-in-Chief
Commanders of military branches
Ground Forces
Air Force
Air Defense Force
Navy
See also
List of commanders of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
References
External links
Islamic Republic of Iran Army
|
Anteosaurus (meaning "Antaeus reptile") is an extinct genus of large carnivorous dinocephalian synapsid. It lived at the end of the Guadalupian (= Middle Permian) during the Capitanian stage, about 265 to 260 million years ago in what is now South Africa. It is mainly known by cranial remains and few postcranial bones. With its skull reaching in length and a body size estimated at more than in length, and in weight, Anteosaurus was the largest known carnivorous non-mammalian synapsid and the largest terrestrial predator of the Permian period. Occupying the top of the food chain in the Middle Permian, its skull, jaws and teeth show adaptations to capture large prey like the giants titanosuchids and tapinocephalids dinocephalians and large pareiasaurs.
As in many other dinocephalians the cranial bones of Anteosaurus are pachyostosed, but to a lesser extent than in tapinocephalid dinocephalians. In Anteosaurus, pachyostosis mainly occurs in the form of horn-shaped supraorbital protuberances. According to some paleontologists this structure would be implicated in intraspecific agonistic behaviour, including head-pushing probably during the mating season. On the contrary, other scientists believe that this pachyostosis served to reduce cranial stress on the bones of the skull when biting massive prey.
Young Anteosaurus started their life with fairly narrow and lean skulls, and as it grew up bones of the skull became progressively thickened (process known as pachyostosis), creating the characteristic robust skull roof of Anteosaurus. The study of its inner ear revealed that Anteosaurus was a largely terrestrial, agile predator with highly advanced senses of vision, balance and coordination. It was also very fast and would have been able to outrun competitors and prey alike thanks to its advanced adaptations. Its body was well-suited to projecting itself forward, both in hunting and evidently in head-butting.
Anteosaurus and all other dinocephalians became extinct about 260 million years ago in a mass extinction at the end of the Capitanian in which the large Bradysaurian pareiasaurs also disappeared. The reasons of this extinction are obscure, although some research have shown a temporal association between the extinction of dinocephalian and an important volcanism event in China (known as the Emeishan Traps).
Etymology
Some confusion surrounds the etymology of the name Anteosaurus. It is often translated as meaning "before lizard", "previous lizard" or "primitive lizard", from the Latin prefix ante which means "before". The zoologist and paleontologist David Meredith Seares Watson gave no explanation when he named Anteosaurus in 1921. According to Ben Creisler, the prefix does not come from the Latin ante, but would refer to a Giant of the Greek mythology, Antaios, which once Latinized give Antaeus or more rarely Anteus. The type specimen of Anteosaurus is an incomplete skull that Watson had initially classified in the genus Titanosuchus, named after the Titans of the Greek mythology. Once this specimen recognized as belonging to a different genus, the name dedicated to Antaeus established another connection with a giant of Greek mythology.
Description
Size
Anteosaurus is one of the largest known carnivorous non-mammalian synapsid and anteosaurid, estimated to have reached more than in length, and a body mass of about . Juvenile specimen BP/1/7074 has an estimated body mass of about , showing extreme disparity in size with adult Anteosaurus.
Skull
The skull of Anteosaurus is large and massive, measuring between in the largest specimens (TM265 and SAM-PK-11293), with an heavily pachyostosed skull roof showing a frontal boss more of less developed. The main features of the skull are the massively pachyostosed postfrontals that form strong horn-like bosses projected laterally. A boss, characteristically oval in shape, is also present on the angular bone of the lower jaw. The morphology of this angular boss is different between each anteosaurids species. In Anteosaurus the boss is oval in shape, roughly the same thickness throughout its length, with blunt anterior and posterior edges. Some individuals may have also a jugal boss more of less pronounced. Like other anteosaurids, the postorbital bar is strongly curved anteroventrally in such way that the temporal fenestra undercuts the orbit. An additional typical character of anteosaurs is the premaxilla oriented upwards at an angle of about 30 to 35° with respect to the ventral edge of the maxilla. However, unlike most anteosaurs in which the ventral margin of the premaxilla is directed upwards in a straight line, in Anteosaurus the anterior end of the premaxilla is curved ventrally, producing a concave alveolar border of the region preceding the canines. The skull shows also a concave dorsal snout profile. On the top of the skull, the pineal boss is exclusively formed by the parietals as is the case in other anteosaurines (and in more basal anteosaurs such as Archaeosyodon and Sinophoneus) while this boss is made up of both frontals and parietals in the other anteosaur subgroup, the syodontines. Contrary to what is observed in the latter, the frontals and the pineal boss of the anteosaurines do not participate in the attachment site of the mandibular adductor musculature. On the palate, the transverse processes of pterygoids are massively enlarged at their distal end, giving them a palmate shape in ventral view, as is the case in Titanophoneus and Sinophoneus. As in other anteosaurs, two prominent palatal bosses carried several small teeth. In Anteosaurus (and in other anteosaurines), these two palatal bosses are well separated from each other while in syodontines the two bosses are very close or interconnected.
Dentition
The dentition of Anteosaurus is composed of long to very long incisors, a large canine, and some small postcanines. In addition, some small teeth are present on both palatine bosses. There are five upper and four lower incisors, but even in the same skull the number in the two halves is mostly different. The incisors intermesh together. Like other anteosaurids, the first incisor of each premaxilla form together a pair that passes in between the lower pair formed by the first incisor of each dentary. The canines are well individualized. The upper canine is large and very massive, but is proportionally shorter than in some gorgonopsians of the Late Permian. The upper and lower canines did not intermesh. When the jaws were closed, the lower canines passed on the lingual side of the fifth upper incisor. Behind the canines, there are 4 to 8 small and relatively robust postcanines. Although smaller than the incisors and canines, these postcanines are proportionately more massive, with a thick base and a more conical general shape. Some postcanines of the upper jaws have a peculiar implantation. The most posterior are canted postero-laterally : the last three to four postcanine teeth are out-of-plane with the rest of the tooth row, being directed strongly backwards and somewhat outwards. Other smaller teeth were located on two prominences of the palate, the palatal bosses, which are semilunar or reniform in shape. These palatal teeth were recurved and most often implanted in a single curved row (a specimen however shows a double row). These teeth were used to hold meat during the swallowing process.
Postcranial skeleton
Postcranial material of Anteosaurus is very rare and no complete skeletons are known. Only some associated or isolated bones (girdles and limbs bones, and some vertebrae), and more rarely some articulated remains have been found. An articulated left hand belonging to a juvenile individual shows that the manual phalangeal formula is 2-3-3-3-3 as in mammals. This hand (as well as an incomplete foot) was first considered by Lieuwe Dirk Boonstra as belonging to the right side of the animal. Boonstra himself corrected this mistake later by correctly identifying these remains as the left hand and foot. He also thought that digit III had four phalanges. Tim Rowe and J.A. van den Heever later showed that this was not the case, this digit having three phalanges. The manus have a digit I (the innermost) much smaller than the others. The digits III to V are the longest, the digit V (the outermost) being the most robust. The foot is only partially known, but also has a smaller digit I. Based on more complete skeletons of the Russian anteosaur Titanophoneus, the limbs would be rather long with a somewhat semi-erect posture. The tail is longer than in herbivorous Tapinocephalids dinocephalians.
Paleobiology
Skull variations and agonistic behaviour
The numerous skulls of Anteosaurus show a wide range of variation in cranial proportions and extent of pachyostosis. Most specifically the development of the postfrontal "horns" and the frontal boss is particularly variable between specimens. Some have both the "horns" and the boss massively pachyostosed, others have well-developed "horns" but a weak or nonexistent boss, and some others have a very weakly developed "horns" and boss. Even the heavily pachyostosed specimens show between them some variations. Some have "horns" relatively small compared to the boss, while others have postfrontal "horns" very massive. Some of these variations can be attributed to ontogenetic changes. In adults specimens the variations of the development of the frontal boss (to very weak to very strong) can be a sexually dimorphic feature, because in dinocephalians the frontal bosses have been implicated in head-butting and pushing behaviour.
Various authors have suggested the existence of agonistic behavior in Anteosaurus based on head-butting and/or demonstration involving canines. According to Herbert H. Barghusen, Anteosaurus does not use its teeth during intraspecific combat because both animals were able of doing severe damage to each other with their massive canines and incisors. The alternative head pushing strategy reduced the risk of fatal injuries in both combatants. The contact area of the skull roof during head combat included the most posterior part of the nasal bones, part of the prefrontal, and the entire frontal and postfrontal on either side. The thickened and laterally extended postfrontals horn-like bosses reduced the chance of the head of one opponent slipping past the head of the other.
More recently, Julien Benoit and colleagues have shown that the head of Anteosaurus had a natural posture that was less tilted downwards than that of the tapinocephalids and that, unlike the latter, it does not line up ideally with the vertebral column to optimize a head-to-head combat. This peculiarity associated with the presence of a pachyostosis less developed than that of the tapinocephalids and the retention of a large canine led these authors to suggest an agonistic behavior in which Anteosaurus more likely used its large canines for displays and/or during confrontation involving bites.
According to Christian Kammerer, the pachyostosis of Anteosaurus would have mainly allowed the skull to resist the cranial stress generated by the powerful external adductor muscles during the bite on a large prey, as has been suggested in other macropredators with a thickened supraorbital region such as rubidgeine gorgonopsians, mosasaurs, some thalattosuchians, sebecosuchians, rauisuchians and various large carnivorous dinosaurs.
All these authors, however, do not exclude a multiple use of this pachyostosis and the existence in Anteosaurus of a head-butting behaviour requiring however less energy than that of the Tapinocephalidae.
Ontogeny
Ashley Kruger and team in 2016 described a juvenile specimen of Anteosaurus (BP/1/7074), providing details into the ontogeny of this anteosaurid. Analyzed allometry between this specimen and others suggests that the cranial ontogeny of Anteosaurus was characterized by a rapid growth in the temporal region, a significant difference in the development of the postorbital bar and suborbital bar between juveniles and adults, as well as a notorious pachyostosis (bone thickening) during development, which ultimately modified the skull roof of adults. Consequently, pachyostosis was responsible for thickening important skull bones such as the frontal and postfrontal which were of great importance in the overall paleobiology and behavior of Anteosaurus. Kruger and team noted that these differences, when compared, are extreme between juvenile and mature Anteosaurus individuals.
In 2021 Mohd Shafi Bhat histologically studied several skeletal remains of specimens referred to Anteosaurus, finding three growth stages. The first growth stage is characterized by the predominance of highly vascularized, uninterrupted fibrolamellar bone tissue in the inner bone cortex, which suggests rapid formation of new bone during early ontogeny. A second stage of growth in Anteosaurus is represented by periodic/seasonal interruptions in the bone formation, indicated by the deposition of lines of arrested growth. Third and last reported growth stage by the team features the development of lamellar bone tissue with rest lines in the peripheral part of the bone cortex, which indicates that Anteosaurus slowed down growth at advanced age.
Habitat preference and diet
Boonstra in 1954 indicated that the overall dentition of Anteosaurus—characterized by prominent canines, elongated incisors, and relatively weak postcanines—reflects an specialized carnivore, and that this anteosaurid did not rely on chewing and shearing when feeding, but rather it was well-adapted for tearing flesh chunks from prey. In addition, Boonstra noted that some of the flesh material was likely held and/or teared by the recurved palatal dentition. Later in 1955, Boonstra indicated that anteosaurids had a crawling locomotion similar to crocodiles, based mostly on their hip joint and femur morphology, useful in a semiaquatic setting.
In 2008 Mivah F. Ivakhnenko analyzed a vast majority of Permian therapsid skulls, and suggested that anteosaurs, such as Anteosaurus, were strict semiaquatic piscivorous (fish-eater) synapsids, mostly similar to modern-day otters. Christian F. Kammerer in 2011 questioned this proposal, given that numerous anatomical traits of anteosaurs make this life-style unlikely. The typical dentition of piscivore animals include elongate, numerous, strongly recurved, and very sharp teeth in order to hold and kill fast-moving fish prey. In addition, the jaws of piscivores are commonly elongated and narrow for quick snatchs and minimize water resistance when shaking prey. Unlike these traits, the skull morphology of most anteosaurs—specifically anteosaurids—is extremely robust with deep jaws, and the teeth are bulbous and blunt, with only the canine being the recurved-most tooth. Kammerer instead indicated that anteosaurids like Anteosaurus likely preyed on large terrestrial dinocephalians, such as the gigantic titanosuchids and tapinocephalids. He also noted that anteosaurid teeth are mostly similar to that of large tyrannosaurids (postcanines robust bases, faceted surfaces, and obliquely angled serrations), whose dentition is interpreted as bone-crunching. Accordingly, bone-crunching may also have been employed by anteosaurids and an important component in their diet.
In 2020 Kévin Rey with colleagues analyzed stable oxygen isotope compositions of phosphate from teeth and bones from pareiasaurs and Anteosaurus, in order to estimate their affinity for water dependence. Obtained results showed similar δ18Op values between pareiasaurs, Anteosaurus, and therocephalians, with a wide range of extant terrestrial species, which indicated a terrestrial preference for these synapsids. However, it was noted that the δ18Op values were slightly lower in Anteosaurus, casting doubt for this interpretation. Nevertheless, Rey with colleagues concluded that a larger sample size may result in a more robust conclusion for Anteosaurus.
Bhat and team in 2021 noted that most skeletal elements of Anteoaurus are characterized by relatively thickened bone walls, extensive secondary bone reconstruction and the complete infilling of the medullary cavity. Combined, these traits indicate that Anteosaurus was mostly adapted for a terrestrial life-style. However a radius and femur have open medullary cavities with struts of bony trabeculae. The team suggested that it is conceable that Anteosaurus may have also occasionally inhabited shallow and short-lived pools, in a similar manner to modern-day hippopotamuses.
An in-depth study of the brain of juvenile Anteosaurus specimen BP/1/7074 published in 2021 disproves the idea that this dinocephalian was a sluggish, crocodilian-like predator. Studies by Benoit et al. using x-ray imaging and 3-D reconstructions showcase that Anteosaurus was a fast, agile animal in spite of its great size. Its inner ears were larger than those of its closest relatives and competitors, showcasing that it was well-suited to the role of an apex predator that could outrun both its rivals and prey alike. It was also determined that the area of the brain of Anteosaurus that was responsible for coordinating the movements of the eyes with the head was exceptionally large; an important feature in ensuring it could track its prey accurately. As a result, Anteosaurus was well-adapted to swift hunting and fast attacking strikes on land.
Geographic and stratigraphic range
South Africa
The fossils of Anteosaurus magnificus come mainly from the Abrahamskraal Formation as well as from the basal part of the Teekloof Formation of the Beaufort Group in the Karoo Basin, South Africa. The species appears in the middle part of the Abrahamskraal Formation (Kornplaats member) and continues in the rest of the formation (Swaerskraal, Moordenaars, and Kareskraal members). Its last representatives come from the base of the Teekloof formation (in the lower strata of the Poortjie member). More than 30 localities are known, most of them being localized in the Western Cape province (Beaufort West, Prince Albert and Laingsburg). Some localities are also known near the towns of Sutherland and Fraserburg in the southern end of the Northern Cape province (Karoo Hoogland). and at least one specimen (BP/1/7061) was found near Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape Province (Makana). A skull discovered in the same province in 2001 was also tentatively ascribed to a juvenile specimen of Anteosaurus. However, the complete preparation of this skull, made later, revealed that it belonged to a tapinocephalid dinocephalian.
The Middle Permian Abrahamskraal Formation is biostratigraphically subdivided in two faunal zone : the Eodicynodon Assemblage Zone which is the oldest one with an essentially Wordian age, and the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone, which is mainly Capitanian in age. Anteosaurus belongs to the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone which is characterized by the abundance and the diversification of the dinocephalians therapsids. Since 2020, this zone is divided into two subzones : a lower Eosimops - Glanosuchus subzone and an upper Diictodon - Styracocephalus subzone, both of which contain Anteosaurus fossils. Like all other South African dinocephalians, Anteosaurus was presumed extinct at the top of the Abrahamskraal Formation. However, remains of Anteosaurus and two other dinocephalian genera (Titanosuchus and Criocephalosaurus) have been found in the basal portion of the Poortjie Member of the overlying Teekloof Formation. These discoveries greatly expanded both the stratigraphic range of these three dinocephalian genera and the upper limit of the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone that reaches the base of the Teekloof Formation. In the latter, the remains of these three dinocephalians were found in an interval of above a level dated to 260.259 ± 0.081 million years ago, representing the Upper Capitanian. Other radiometric dating have constrained the base of the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone (Leeuvlei Member in the middle part of the Abrahamskraal Formation) to be older than 264.382 ± 0.073 Ma and placed the boundary between the two subzones at 262.03 ± 0.15 Ma. The upper part of the Abrahamskraal Formation (top of the Karelskraal Member) gave an age of 260.226 ± 0.069 Ma which is consistent with the age of 260.259 ± 0.081 of the base of the Teekloof Formation. These datings show that the age of the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone extends from Late Wordian to Late Capitanian (based on Guadalupian radiometric ages obtained in 2020 from the type locality of the Guadalupe Mountains in west Texas).
Russia ?
The genus Anteosaurus is possibly present in Russia based on a fragmentary cranial remain found in the 19th century in the Republic of Tatarstan (Alexeyevsky District). This specimen, firstly interpreted as a snout boss of a dicynodont (named Oudenodon rugosus), was later correctly identified by Ivan Efremov as an angular boss of an anteosaurid. The shape of this boss clearly differs from those of others Russian anteosaurids, so this specimen was attributed to a new species of the genus Titanophoneus (and named Titanophoneus rugosus). More recently, Christian Kammerer showed that the shape of this boss differs markedly from the lenticular bosses of the Russian anteosaurs T. potens and T. adamanteus. In contrast the angular boss of T. rugosus is very similar to the Anteosaurus morphotype, so this specimen can be the first representative of the genus Anteosaurus in Russia. The dermal sculturing of the boss, with prominent furrows, is different from that observed in few well preserved A. magnificus specimens. According to Kammerer, as the range of variation in dermal sculturing between Anteosaurus individuals is no well known, it is more reasonable to consider provisionally Titanophoneus rugosus as a nomen dubium (maybe an Anteosaurus sp.). Only the discovery of more complete Russians specimens with the rugosus morphotype will clarify the relationship of this taxon with Anteosaurus.
Paleoenvironment
Paleogeography and paleoclimate
At the time of Anteosaurus, most of the landmasses were united in one supercontinent, Pangaea. It was roughly C-shaped: its northern (Laurasia) and southern (Gondwana) parts were connected to the west, but separated to the east by a very large oceanic bay - the Tethys Sea. A long string of microcontinents, grouped under the name of Cimmeria, divided the Tethys in two : the Paleo-Tethys in the north, and the Neo-Tethys in the south. The territory that would become the South African Karoo was located much further south than today, at the level of the 60th parallel south. Although located close to the Antarctic Circle, the climate prevailing at this latitude during most of the Permian was temperate with distinct seasons. There are uncertainties about the temperatures that prevailed in South Africa during the Middle Permian. Previously, this region of the world had undergone significant glaciation during the Upper Carboniferous. Subsequently, the Lower Permian had first seen the retreat of glaciers and the emergence of subpolar tundra and taiga-like vegetation (dominated by Botrychiopsis and Gangamopteris), then the introduction of warmer and wetter climatic conditions that allowed the development of the Mesosaurus fauna and the Glossopteris flora. The scientists who studied the climate of that time found very different results on the thermal ranges that existed in the ancient Karoo. At the end of the 1950s, Edna Plumstead compared the Karoo to today's Siberia or Canada, with a highly seasonal climate including very cold winters and temperate summers supporting the Glossopteris flora, which would have been restricted to sheltered basins. Later, other studies, mainly based on climate models, also suggested a cold temperate climate with high thermal amplitude between summer (+15 to +20 °C) and winter (-20 to -25 °C). More recent studies also indicate a temperate climate, but with much less severe winters than those previously suggested. Keddy Yemane thus suggested that the vast river system and the many giant lakes present at the time throughout southern Africa must have significantly moderated the continentality of the Karoo climate during most of the Permian. Paleobotanical studies focusing on the characteristic morphology of plant leaves and the growth rings of fossil woods also indicate a seasonal climate with summer temperatures of up to 30 °C and free-frost winters. According to Richard Rayner, the high southern latitudes experienced very hot and humid summers, with an average of 18 hours of light per day for more than four months during which precipitation was comparable to the annual amount falling in the present-day tropics. These conditions were extremely conducive to rapid growth in plants such as Glossopteris. The habit in Glossopteris of losing its leaves at the beginning of the bad season would be linked to a shorter duration of daylight rather than the existence of very cold winter temperatures. From the geochemical study of sediments from several Karoo sites, Kay Scheffler also obtains a temperate climate (with mean annual temperatures of about 15 to 20 °C), with free-frost winter, but with an increase in aridity during the Middle Permian.
Paleoecology
The sediments of the Abrahamskraal Formation consists of a succession of sandstones, and versicolor siltstones and mudstones, deposited by large rivers that flowed from south to north from the Gondwanide mountain range. These large rivers of variable sinuosity drained a vast alluvial plain that sloped gently down to the northeast toward the Ecca sea (a former landlocked sea), while in receding phase. The landscape was composed of marshy land, interrupted by rivers, lakes, woods and forests. Many fossil traces (footprints, ripple marks, mudcracks) indicate that swampy areas, which were the most extensive habitat, were frequently exposed to the open air and should not often be deeply flooded. The vegetation was dominated by the deciduous pteridosperm Glossopteris, which formed woodlands and large forests concentrated along the streams and on the uplands. Large horsetails ( high), such as Schizoneura and Paraschizoneura, formed bamboo-like stands that grew in and around swamps. Herbaceous horsetails (Phyllotheca) and ferns carpeted the undergrowth and small lycopods occupied the wetter areas.
Aquatic fauna included the lamellibranch Palaeomutela, the palaeonisciformes fishes Atherstonia, Bethesdaichthys, Blourugia, Namaichthys and Westlepis, and large freshwater predators, the temnospondyl amphibians Rhinesuchoides and Rhinesuchus. The terrestrial fauna was particularly diverse and dominated by the therapsids. Anteosaurus occupied the top of the food chain there. It shared its environment with many other carnivorous tetrapods. Other large predatory animals included the lion-sized Lycosuchid therocephalians Lycosuchus and Simorhinella, and the Scylacosaurid therocephalian Glanosuchus. Medium-sized carnivorous were represented by the basal biarmosuchian Hipposaurus, the more derived biarmosuchian Bullacephalus, the scylacosaurids Ictidosaurus, Scylacosaurus, and Pristerognathus, and the small and basal gorgonopsian Eriphostoma. The small predator guild (mainly insectivorous forms) included the therocephalians Alopecodon, and Pardosuchus, the small monitor-like varanopids Elliotsmithia, Heleosaurus, and Microvaranops, the millerettid Broomia, the procolophonomorph Australothyris, and the lizard-like Eunotosaurus of uncertain affinities (variously considered as a parareptile, a pantestudine or a caseid synapsid).
Herbivorous were also numerous and diversified. Large-sized vegetarians were mainly represented by numerous dinocephalians including the tapinocephalids Agnosaurus, Criocephalosaurus, Mormosaurus, Moschognathus, Moschops, Riebeeckosaurus, Struthiocephalus Struthionops, and Tapinocephalus, the Styracocephalid Styracocephalus, and the huge titanosuchids Jonkeria and Titanosuchus. Other large herbivores that were not synapsids included the large bradysaurian pareiasaurs represented by Bradysaurus, Embrithosaurus and Nochelesaurus, whose dentition very different from that of herbivorous dinocephalians indicates that the two groups occupied clearly distinct ecological niches. The small to medium-sized forms included basal anomodonts (the non-dicynodonts Anomocephalus, Galechirus, Galeops and Galepus) and numerous dicynodonts (Brachyprosopus, Colobodectes, Pristerodon, and the Pylaecephalids Diictodon, Eosimops, Prosictodon, and Robertia,).
Classification and phylogeny
Named by Watson in 1921, Anteosaurus was longtime classified as a ‘Titanosuchian Deinocephalian’, and it is only in 1954 that Boonstra separated the Titanosuchians in two families : Jonkeridae (a junior synonym of Titanosuchidae) and Anteosauridae. At about the same time, Efremov erected the family Brithopodidae in which he includes the fragmentary Brithopus and the better known forms Syodon and Titanophoneus. Much later, Hopson and Barghusen argued that Brithopodidae should be discontinued and that the Russian taxa Syodon, Titanophoneus and Doliosauriscus should be placed with Anteosaurus in Anteosauridae. These authors placed also Anteosauridae in the new group Anteosauria for distinguished them of the other major dinocephalian group the Tapinocephalia in which they included the titanosuchids and the tapinocephalids. They also created the taxa Anteosaurinae, containing Anteosaurus and the Russian forms Titanophoneus and Doliosauriscus, and the Anteosaurini containing only the giant forms Anteosaurus and Doliosauriscus. Gilian King retained the incorrectly spelled ‘Brithopidae’ (including the subfamilies ‘Brithopinae’ and Anteosaurinae) and placed both Brithopidae and Titanosuchidae (including Titanosuchinae and Tapinocephalinae) in the superfamily Anteosauroidea. Later Ivakhnenko considered Brithopodidae as invalid and united Anteosauridae and Deuterosauridae (only known by the Russian Deuterosaurus) in the superfamily Deuterosauroidea. More recently Kammerer in its systematic revision of the anteosaurs (in which Doliosauriscus become a junior synonym of Titanophoneus) demonstrated that the wastebasket genus Brithopus is a nomen dubium composed both of remains of indeterminate estemmenosuchid-like tapinocephalian and indeterminate anteosaurian, so invalidating the Brithopodidae. He proposed also the first phylogenetic analysis including all anteosaurid taxa. This and other modern phylogenetic analysis of anteosaurs recovers a monophyletic Anteosauridae containing two major clades, Syodontinae and Anteosaurinae. In the Kammerer analysis, the Chinese Sinophoneus is the most basal anteosaurine and the sister-group of an unresolved trichotomy including Titanophoneus potens, T. adamanteus and Anteosaurus.
Below the cladogramm of Kammerer published in 2011 :
In describing the new Brazilian anteosaur Pampaphoneus, Cisneros et al. presented another cladogram confirming the recognition of the clades Anteosaurinae and Syodontinae. In the cladogram of the Fig. 2. of the main paper, which does not include the genus Microsyodon, Titanophoneus adamanteus is recovered as the sister taxon of a clade composed of Titanophoneus potens and Anteosaurus. However, in the four cladograms of the Fig. S1, presented in the Supporting Information of the same article, and including Microsyodon, Anteosaurus is recovered as the sister taxon of both species of Titanophoneus. These four cladograms differ only by the position of Microsyodon.
The cladogram of Cisneros et al. published in the main paper and excluding the genus Microsyodon. T. adamanteus is here the sister taxon of a clade composed of T. potens and Anteosaurus :
One of the four cladograms of Cisneros et al. published in the Supporting Information of the same article, and including Microsyodon. In all these cladogram, Anteosaurus is recovered as the sister taxon of both species of Titanophoneus :
In resdescribing the Chinese anteosaur Sinophoneus, Jun Lui presented a new cladogram in which Sinophoneus is recovered as the most basal Anteosauridae and so excluded of the Anteosaurinae. Anteosaurus being also positioned as the sister-taxon of Titanophoneus potens and T. adamanteus.
The cladogramm of Jun Liu in 2013:
Genus synonymy
As defined by Lieuwe Dirk Boonstra, Anteosaurus is “a genus of anteosaurids in which the postfrontal forms a boss of variable size overhanging the dorso-posterior border of the orbit.” On this basis he synonymised six of the seven genera named from the Tapinocephalus zone: Eccasaurus, Anteosaurus, Titanognathus, Dinosuchus, Micranteosaurus, and Pseudanteosaurus. Of these, he says, Dinosuchus and Titanognathus can safely be considered synonyms of Anteosaurus. Eccasaurus, with a holotype of which the cranial material consists of only few typical anteosaurid incisors, appears to be only determinable as to family. The skull fragment forming the holotype of Pseudanteosaurus can best be considered as an immature specimen of Anteosaurus. Micranteosaurus, the holotype of which contains a small snout, was previously considered a new genus on account of its small size but is better be interpreted as a young specimen of Anteosaurus. And likewise, the large number of species attributed to the genus Anteosaurus can also be considered synonyms. Boonstra still considers as valid the genus Paranteosaurus, which is defined as a genus of anteosaurids in which the postfrontal is not developed to form a boss. This is probably an example of individual variation and hence another synonym of Anteosaurus.
Species synonymy
Anteosaurus was once known by a large number of species, but the current thinking on this is that they merely represent different growth stages of the same type species, A. magnificus.
Possible synonyms
Archaeosuchus
Archaeosuchus cairncrossi is a dubious species of anteosaur from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone. It was named by Broom in 1905 on the basis of a partial maxilla. It was interpreted as a titanosuchid by Boonstra, but Kammerer determined it was an anteosaur indistinguishable from Anteosaurus and Titanophoneus. As Anteosaurus magnificus appears to be the only valid large anteosaur in the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone, Archaeosaurus cairncrossi is very likely to be based on a specimen of it, but due to poor preservation, the specimen lacks any features that would allow the synonymy to be proven.
Eccasaurus
Eccasaurus priscus is a dubious species of anteosaur from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone. It was named by Robert Broom in 1909 on the basis of a fragmentary skeleton, of which Broom only described the humerus. As with Archaeosuchus cairncrossi, Eccasaurus priscus is very likely to be synonymous with Anteosaurus magnificus. As Eccasaurus was named before Anteosaurus, a petition to the ICZN would be needed to preserve the name Anteosaurus magnificus if the synonymy were to be proven.
See also
List of therapsids
Notes
References
External links
Anteosaurs
Prehistoric therapsid genera
Guadalupian synapsids of Africa
Fossil taxa described in 1921
Taxa named by D. M. S. Watson
Guadalupian life
Capitanian life
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John Jermain Slocum (1914–1997) was an American diplomat, book collector, literary agent, and scholar. He spent most of his career in the Inspection Corps of the United States Information Agency. As a bibliophile and philanthropist, he influenced two major US archives and contributed to scholarship on James Joyce.
Government service
Following study at Harvard University and the Columbia School of Journalism, Slocum began his political career as an aide to Fiorello La Guardia, the mayor of New York City.
He enlisted in the United States Air Force in 1942, and served in public relations for the New York Fighter Wing. His military work culminated with his serving as a spokesman for the Marshall Islands nuclear tests, after which he joined the United States Information Agency. His work for the organization took him to Europe, Africa, Asia, and South America.
Closer to home, he served as the USIA's planning coordinator for Expo 67 in Montreal, a role in which he drew inspiration from his considerable disappointment at the 1964 New York World's Fair. Slocum retired in 1970.
Literary activities
Slocum's literary interests, fostered at Harvard, were pursued prior to and throughout his diplomatic career and became his primary avocation afterward. In the 1940s he helped run a small literary agency, where he worked on behalf of Ezra Pound, whom he had met in 1935 and would represent and defend, officially or otherwise, for the rest of Pound's life; other clients included Wyndham Lewis, Henry Miller, and Anaïs Nin.
Slocum and Pound became close friends, and Pound would stay with him in New York. Following Pound's treason case, in which Slocum testified, they saw much less of each other, but their correspondence continued to some extent.
Slocum's chief scholarly focus was on the life and work of James Joyce, and he played an important role in Joyce scholarship despite having neither an academic appointment nor a literary reputation except as a patron. Among his contributions were the bringing to light of a letter written by George Bernard Shaw to Sylvia Beach, the publisher of Joyce's Ulysses, decrying the book as "a revolting record of a disgusting phase of civilisation."
After traveling to Zürich to meet Joyce's widow and see his grave, Slocum spent several years lobbying the Irish government to repatriate Joyce's remains as had been arranged for W. B. Yeats, but he was unsuccessful. In 1953, he published a comprehensive bibliography of Joyce's works and reception, coedited by Herbert Cahoon.
Slocum's literary philanthropy was both personal and institutional; he supported writers such as Miller, Eudora Welty, and Gertrude Stein and served as the first president of the Friends of the Folger Shakespeare Library. The Beinecke Library at Yale University acquired his large collection of material on Joyce, as well as his correspondence with Pound. In June 2022, the Beinecke acquired additional Joyce-related materials which were sold at the 2017 Slocum estate sale. These papers included draft manuscripts by Lucie Noel and Stanislaus Joyce. Slocum was also deeply involved in the Beinecke's acquisition of its much larger Pound collection. Other books from his collection were donated to the Redwood Library and Athenaeum in Newport. A lecture series in his name, endowed by an anonymous donor, was later established at the Redwood; the inaugural John J. Slocum Memorial Lecture was delivered by Christopher Buckley in 2019.
Personal life
Slocum married Eileen Gillespie in 1940. Gillespie was a prominent Newport, Rhode Island, socialite, who was somewhat notorious for her previous, abruptly curtailed engagement to John Jacob Astor VI. Living grandly in a Newport mansion, the Slocums entertained high society and held fundraisers for prominent Republican politicians, including Gerald Ford, Elizabeth Dole, and Dick Cheney.
They had three children, including a daughter, Beryl, whose interracial (and interparty) marriage to Adam Clayton Powell III led to considerable family contention. Despite the disapproval of some of their relatives, the Slocums attended the wedding, where John gave his daughter away. Their other children were John Jermain Slocum Jr. ("Jerry") and (Mrs.) Marguerite Quinn ("Margy"), both active in Newport philanthropy.
References
1914 births
1997 deaths
People of the United States Information Agency
American patrons of the arts
James Joyce scholars
Literary agents
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni
Harvard College alumni
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
|
Épannes () is a commune, near Niort, in the Deux-Sèvres department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, western France.
See also
Communes of the Deux-Sèvres department
References
Communes of Deux-Sèvres
|
```elixir
defmodule EventStore.Tasks.Create do
@moduledoc """
Task to create the EventStore
"""
import EventStore.Tasks.Output
alias EventStore.Storage.Database
alias EventStore.Storage.Schema
@doc """
Runs database and schema create task.
## Parameters
- config: the parsed EventStore config
## Opts
- is_mix: set to `true` if running as part of a Mix task
- quiet: set to `true` to silence output
"""
def exec(config, opts \\ []) do
opts = Keyword.merge([is_mix: false, quiet: false], opts)
case Database.create(config) do
:ok ->
write_info("The EventStore database has been created.", opts)
{:error, :already_up} ->
write_info("The EventStore database already exists.", opts)
{:error, term} ->
raise_msg(
"The EventStore database couldn't be created, reason given: #{inspect(term)}.",
opts
)
end
case Schema.create(config) do
:ok ->
write_info("The EventStore schema has been created.", opts)
{:error, :already_up} ->
write_info("The EventStore schema already exists.", opts)
{:error, term} ->
raise_msg(
"The EventStore schema couldn't be created, reason given: #{inspect(term)}.",
opts
)
end
end
end
```
|
```php
<?php
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*/
namespace Google\Service\Cloudchannel;
class GoogleCloudChannelV1ListCustomerRepricingConfigsResponse extends \Google\Collection
{
protected $collection_key = 'customerRepricingConfigs';
protected $customerRepricingConfigsType = GoogleCloudChannelV1CustomerRepricingConfig::class;
protected $customerRepricingConfigsDataType = 'array';
/**
* @var string
*/
public $nextPageToken;
/**
* @param GoogleCloudChannelV1CustomerRepricingConfig[]
*/
public function setCustomerRepricingConfigs($customerRepricingConfigs)
{
$this->customerRepricingConfigs = $customerRepricingConfigs;
}
/**
* @return GoogleCloudChannelV1CustomerRepricingConfig[]
*/
public function getCustomerRepricingConfigs()
{
return $this->customerRepricingConfigs;
}
/**
* @param string
*/
public function setNextPageToken($nextPageToken)
{
$this->nextPageToken = $nextPageToken;
}
/**
* @return string
*/
public function getNextPageToken()
{
return $this->nextPageToken;
}
}
// Adding a class alias for backwards compatibility with the previous class name.
class_alias(GoogleCloudChannelV1ListCustomerRepricingConfigsResponse::class, your_sha256_hashicingConfigsResponse');
```
|
Everything Is Green is the first album by indie rock band The Essex Green. It was recorded at Studio 45 in Hartford, CT and Marlborough Farms in Brooklyn and released in 1999 by Kindercore Records.
Track listing
"Primrose"
"The Playground"
"Mrs. Bean"
"Tinker"
"Everything Is Green"
"Sixties"
"Saturday"
"Grass"
"Big Green Tree"
"Carballo"
References
The Essex Green albums
1999 albums
|
```java
/*
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
*/
package org.apache.weex.ui.view.listview;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.annotation.TargetApi;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Build;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.OrientationHelper;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import org.apache.weex.common.Constants;
import org.apache.weex.common.WXThread;
import org.apache.weex.ui.view.gesture.WXGesture;
import org.apache.weex.ui.view.gesture.WXGestureObservable;
public class WXRecyclerView extends RecyclerView implements WXGestureObservable {
public static final int TYPE_LINEAR_LAYOUT = 1;
public static final int TYPE_GRID_LAYOUT = 2;
public static final int TYPE_STAGGERED_GRID_LAYOUT = 3;
private WXGesture mGesture;
private boolean scrollable = true;
private boolean hasTouch = false;
public WXRecyclerView(Context context) {
super(context);
}
public boolean isScrollable() {
return scrollable;
}
public void setScrollable(boolean scrollable) {
this.scrollable = scrollable;
}
public void initView(Context context, int type,int orientation) {
initView(context,type, Constants.Value.COLUMN_COUNT_NORMAL,Constants.Value.COLUMN_GAP_NORMAL,orientation);
}
/**
*
* @param context
* @param type
* @param orientation should be {@link OrientationHelper#HORIZONTAL} or {@link OrientationHelper#VERTICAL}
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
public void initView(Context context, int type, int columnCount, float columnGap, int orientation) {
if (type == TYPE_GRID_LAYOUT) {
setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(context, columnCount,orientation,false));
} else if (type == TYPE_STAGGERED_GRID_LAYOUT) {
setLayoutManager(new ExtendedStaggeredGridLayoutManager(columnCount, orientation));
} else if (type == TYPE_LINEAR_LAYOUT) {
setLayoutManager(new ExtendedLinearLayoutManager(context,orientation,false));
}
}
@Override
public void registerGestureListener(@Nullable WXGesture wxGesture) {
mGesture = wxGesture;
}
@Override
public WXGesture getGestureListener() {
return mGesture;
}
@SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility")
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
if(!scrollable) {
return true;
}
return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}
@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
hasTouch = true;
boolean result = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
if (mGesture != null) {
result |= mGesture.onTouch(this, event);
}
return result;
}
public void scrollTo(boolean smooth, int position, final int offset, final int orientation){
if (!smooth) {
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = getLayoutManager();
if (layoutManager instanceof LinearLayoutManager) {
//GridLayoutManager is also instance of LinearLayoutManager
((LinearLayoutManager) layoutManager).scrollToPositionWithOffset(position, -offset);
} else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) {
((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager).scrollToPositionWithOffset(position, -offset);
}
//Any else?
} else {
smoothScrollToPosition(position);
if (offset != 0) {
setOnSmoothScrollEndListener(new ExtendedLinearLayoutManager.OnSmoothScrollEndListener() {
@Override
public void onStop() {
post(WXThread.secure(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (orientation == Constants.Orientation.VERTICAL) {
smoothScrollBy(0, offset);
} else {
smoothScrollBy(offset, 0);
}
}
}));
}
});
}
}
}
public void setOnSmoothScrollEndListener(final ExtendedLinearLayoutManager.OnSmoothScrollEndListener onSmoothScrollEndListener){
addOnScrollListener(new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() {
@Override
public void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) {
if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) {
recyclerView.removeOnScrollListener(this);
if(onSmoothScrollEndListener != null){
onSmoothScrollEndListener.onStop();
}
}
}
});
}
}
```
|
```javascript
/*global angular*/
(function () {
angular
.module('simplAdmin.orders')
.controller('OrderListCtrl', ['orderService', 'translateService', OrderListCtrl]);
function OrderListCtrl(orderService, translateService) {
var vm = this;
vm.translate = translateService;
vm.tableStateRef = {};
vm.orders = [];
orderService.getOrderStatus().then(function (result) {
vm.orderStatus = result.data;
});
vm.getOrders = function getOrders(tableState) {
vm.isLoading = true;
vm.tableStateRef = tableState;
orderService.getOrdersForGrid(tableState).then(function (result) {
vm.orders = result.data.items;
tableState.pagination.numberOfPages = result.data.numberOfPages;
tableState.pagination.totalItemCount = result.data.totalRecord;
vm.isLoading = false;
});
};
vm.getOrdersExport = function getOrdersExport() {
orderService.getOrdersExport(vm.tableStateRef);
};
vm.getOrderLinesExport = function getOrderLinesExport() {
orderService.getOrderLinesExport(vm.tableStateRef);
};
}
})();
```
|
Laurie Oliver Wallace Sutton (13 March 1922 – 18 May 2003) was a New Zealand rugby player and community activist.
Biography
Sutton was born in 1922 in Wellington. A keen sportsman and believer in fitness, he was a representative rugby union and rugby league player for Wellington. He was physical training instructor for the local Boys Brigade and later a executive member of the Taita Rugby Club.
In 1940 he joined the army and served in the New Zealand Scottish Regiment. He fought in the Solomon Islands campaigns as part of the 38th Field Regiment. After the war he was an active member of the Returned Servicemen's Association (RSA) and was a welfare officer for the Taita and Lower Hutt RSA clubs and was president of both (Taita from 1973 to 1981 and Lower Hutt from 1983 to 1992). Sutton was noted for his negotiating skills which helped him be an effective advocate. He was the driving force behind the construction of a memorial wall in Taita Cemetery to house the ashes of returned servicemen and women. He also led negotiations for the Lower Hutt RSA to purchase the land on Cornwall Street to build its new facilities. He was a national councillor of the RSA and was awarded life membership of the RSA and its gold star award in 1988 for his services.
In 1946 he married Betty Burrows with whom he had three daughters and two sons. His family lived in Taita which boomed in population post-war with new housing developments. Both Sutton and his wife were active in building the rapidly growing area into a community. He was a long-serving member of the Taita North (later Pomare) School committee. He was the board chairman for thirteen years and raised funds to build a swimming pool and assembly hall for the school. He was a freemason and a member of the Mokoia Masonic Lodge from 1945 and was the master mason in 1957.
Sutton joined the Labour Party. He was chairman of the electorate committee and was a friend of its MP, and Minister of Internal Affairs, Henry May. At the 1971 and 1974 local elections he stood as a candidate for the Lower Hutt City Council on the Labour Party ticket. While polling well he was not elected on either occasion. In later years he became disaffected with the direction the Labour Party's policy was taking.
In the late-1980s he was a leader on the community campaign to save Silverstream Hospital where his wife Betty had previously worked. The campaign was unsuccessful and the hospital was closed in June 1989. He then led the public Save Hutt Hospital campaign protest over the threatened closure of Hutt Hospital's ward 8 (the adolescent ward) which climaxed with a large march outside the hospital on High Street. It was thought to be the biggest crowd ever gathered for any occasion in the Hutt Valley. When he addressed the massive crowd he described Simon Upton, the then minister of health, as "wonky in the head" if he failed to heed the extent of the opposition to the government's plan to centralise Wellington's specialist medical and surgical services.
In the 1991 New Year Honours, Sunderland was awarded the Queen's Service Medal for community service.
Sutton died in 2003, aged 81. His ashes were placed in the Taita Cemetery memorial wall which he had founded.
References
1922 births
2003 deaths
Wellington rugby union players
Wellington rugby league team players
New Zealand military personnel of World War II
New Zealand Labour Party politicians
20th-century New Zealand politicians
Recipients of the Queen's Service Medal
Burials at Taitā Lawn Cemetery
|
```go
package auth
import (
go_context "context"
"errors"
"fmt"
"html"
"html/template"
"io"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"sort"
"strings"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
org_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
auth_module "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/auth"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/optional"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/web"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/web/middleware"
auth_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth"
source_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth/source"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth/source/oauth2"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/context"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/externalaccount"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/forms"
user_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/user"
"gitea.com/go-chi/binding"
"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"
"github.com/markbates/goth"
"github.com/markbates/goth/gothic"
go_oauth2 "golang.org/x/oauth2"
)
const (
tplGrantAccess base.TplName = "user/auth/grant"
tplGrantError base.TplName = "user/auth/grant_error"
)
// TODO move error and responses to SDK or models
// AuthorizeErrorCode represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
// path_to_url#section-4.2.2.1
type AuthorizeErrorCode string
const (
// ErrorCodeInvalidRequest represents the according error in RFC 6749
ErrorCodeInvalidRequest AuthorizeErrorCode = "invalid_request"
// ErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient represents the according error in RFC 6749
ErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient AuthorizeErrorCode = "unauthorized_client"
// ErrorCodeAccessDenied represents the according error in RFC 6749
ErrorCodeAccessDenied AuthorizeErrorCode = "access_denied"
// ErrorCodeUnsupportedResponseType represents the according error in RFC 6749
ErrorCodeUnsupportedResponseType AuthorizeErrorCode = "unsupported_response_type"
// ErrorCodeInvalidScope represents the according error in RFC 6749
ErrorCodeInvalidScope AuthorizeErrorCode = "invalid_scope"
// ErrorCodeServerError represents the according error in RFC 6749
ErrorCodeServerError AuthorizeErrorCode = "server_error"
// ErrorCodeTemporaryUnavailable represents the according error in RFC 6749
ErrorCodeTemporaryUnavailable AuthorizeErrorCode = "temporarily_unavailable"
)
// AuthorizeError represents an error type specified in RFC 6749
// path_to_url#section-4.2.2.1
type AuthorizeError struct {
ErrorCode AuthorizeErrorCode `json:"error" form:"error"`
ErrorDescription string
State string
}
// Error returns the error message
func (err AuthorizeError) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", err.ErrorCode, err.ErrorDescription)
}
// AccessTokenErrorCode represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
// path_to_url#section-5.2
type AccessTokenErrorCode string
const (
// AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest AccessTokenErrorCode = "invalid_request"
// AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidClient represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidClient = "invalid_client"
// AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidGrant represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidGrant = "invalid_grant"
// AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient = "unauthorized_client"
// AccessTokenErrorCodeUnsupportedGrantType represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
AccessTokenErrorCodeUnsupportedGrantType = "unsupported_grant_type"
// AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidScope represents an error code specified in RFC 6749
AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidScope = "invalid_scope"
)
// AccessTokenError represents an error response specified in RFC 6749
// path_to_url#section-5.2
type AccessTokenError struct {
ErrorCode AccessTokenErrorCode `json:"error" form:"error"`
ErrorDescription string `json:"error_description"`
}
// Error returns the error message
func (err AccessTokenError) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", err.ErrorCode, err.ErrorDescription)
}
// errCallback represents a oauth2 callback error
type errCallback struct {
Code string
Description string
}
func (err errCallback) Error() string {
return err.Description
}
// TokenType specifies the kind of token
type TokenType string
const (
// TokenTypeBearer represents a token type specified in RFC 6749
TokenTypeBearer TokenType = "bearer"
// TokenTypeMAC represents a token type specified in RFC 6749
TokenTypeMAC = "mac"
)
// AccessTokenResponse represents a successful access token response
// path_to_url#section-4.2.2
type AccessTokenResponse struct {
AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
TokenType TokenType `json:"token_type"`
ExpiresIn int64 `json:"expires_in"`
RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
IDToken string `json:"id_token,omitempty"`
}
func newAccessTokenResponse(ctx go_context.Context, grant *auth.OAuth2Grant, serverKey, clientKey oauth2.JWTSigningKey) (*AccessTokenResponse, *AccessTokenError) {
if setting.OAuth2.InvalidateRefreshTokens {
if err := grant.IncreaseCounter(ctx); err != nil {
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidGrant,
ErrorDescription: "cannot increase the grant counter",
}
}
}
// generate access token to access the API
expirationDate := timeutil.TimeStampNow().Add(setting.OAuth2.AccessTokenExpirationTime)
accessToken := &oauth2.Token{
GrantID: grant.ID,
Type: oauth2.TypeAccessToken,
RegisteredClaims: jwt.RegisteredClaims{
ExpiresAt: jwt.NewNumericDate(expirationDate.AsTime()),
},
}
signedAccessToken, err := accessToken.SignToken(serverKey)
if err != nil {
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "cannot sign token",
}
}
// generate refresh token to request an access token after it expired later
refreshExpirationDate := timeutil.TimeStampNow().Add(setting.OAuth2.RefreshTokenExpirationTime * 60 * 60).AsTime()
refreshToken := &oauth2.Token{
GrantID: grant.ID,
Counter: grant.Counter,
Type: oauth2.TypeRefreshToken,
RegisteredClaims: jwt.RegisteredClaims{
ExpiresAt: jwt.NewNumericDate(refreshExpirationDate),
},
}
signedRefreshToken, err := refreshToken.SignToken(serverKey)
if err != nil {
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "cannot sign token",
}
}
// generate OpenID Connect id_token
signedIDToken := ""
if grant.ScopeContains("openid") {
app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByID(ctx, grant.ApplicationID)
if err != nil {
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "cannot find application",
}
}
user, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, grant.UserID)
if err != nil {
if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "cannot find user",
}
}
log.Error("Error loading user: %v", err)
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "server error",
}
}
idToken := &oauth2.OIDCToken{
RegisteredClaims: jwt.RegisteredClaims{
ExpiresAt: jwt.NewNumericDate(expirationDate.AsTime()),
Issuer: setting.AppURL,
Audience: []string{app.ClientID},
Subject: fmt.Sprint(grant.UserID),
},
Nonce: grant.Nonce,
}
if grant.ScopeContains("profile") {
idToken.Name = user.GetDisplayName()
idToken.PreferredUsername = user.Name
idToken.Profile = user.HTMLURL()
idToken.Picture = user.AvatarLink(ctx)
idToken.Website = user.Website
idToken.Locale = user.Language
idToken.UpdatedAt = user.UpdatedUnix
}
if grant.ScopeContains("email") {
idToken.Email = user.Email
idToken.EmailVerified = user.IsActive
}
if grant.ScopeContains("groups") {
groups, err := getOAuthGroupsForUser(ctx, user)
if err != nil {
log.Error("Error getting groups: %v", err)
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "server error",
}
}
idToken.Groups = groups
}
signedIDToken, err = idToken.SignToken(clientKey)
if err != nil {
return nil, &AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "cannot sign token",
}
}
}
return &AccessTokenResponse{
AccessToken: signedAccessToken,
TokenType: TokenTypeBearer,
ExpiresIn: setting.OAuth2.AccessTokenExpirationTime,
RefreshToken: signedRefreshToken,
IDToken: signedIDToken,
}, nil
}
type userInfoResponse struct {
Sub string `json:"sub"`
Name string `json:"name"`
Username string `json:"preferred_username"`
Email string `json:"email"`
Picture string `json:"picture"`
Groups []string `json:"groups"`
}
// InfoOAuth manages request for userinfo endpoint
func InfoOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
if ctx.Doer == nil || ctx.Data["AuthedMethod"] != (&auth_service.OAuth2{}).Name() {
ctx.Resp.Header().Set("WWW-Authenticate", `Bearer realm=""`)
ctx.PlainText(http.StatusUnauthorized, "no valid authorization")
return
}
response := &userInfoResponse{
Sub: fmt.Sprint(ctx.Doer.ID),
Name: ctx.Doer.FullName,
Username: ctx.Doer.Name,
Email: ctx.Doer.Email,
Picture: ctx.Doer.AvatarLink(ctx),
}
groups, err := getOAuthGroupsForUser(ctx, ctx.Doer)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("Oauth groups for user", err)
return
}
response.Groups = groups
ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
}
// returns a list of "org" and "org:team" strings,
// that the given user is a part of.
func getOAuthGroupsForUser(ctx go_context.Context, user *user_model.User) ([]string, error) {
orgs, err := org_model.GetUserOrgsList(ctx, user)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("GetUserOrgList: %w", err)
}
var groups []string
for _, org := range orgs {
groups = append(groups, org.Name)
teams, err := org.LoadTeams(ctx)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("LoadTeams: %w", err)
}
for _, team := range teams {
if team.IsMember(ctx, user.ID) {
groups = append(groups, org.Name+":"+team.LowerName)
}
}
}
return groups, nil
}
func parseBasicAuth(ctx *context.Context) (username, password string, err error) {
authHeader := ctx.Req.Header.Get("Authorization")
if authType, authData, ok := strings.Cut(authHeader, " "); ok && strings.EqualFold(authType, "Basic") {
return base.BasicAuthDecode(authData)
}
return "", "", errors.New("invalid basic authentication")
}
// IntrospectOAuth introspects an oauth token
func IntrospectOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
clientIDValid := false
if clientID, clientSecret, err := parseBasicAuth(ctx); err == nil {
app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByClientID(ctx, clientID)
if err != nil && !auth.IsErrOauthClientIDInvalid(err) {
// this is likely a database error; log it and respond without details
log.Error("Error retrieving client_id: %v", err)
ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
clientIDValid = err == nil && app.ValidateClientSecret([]byte(clientSecret))
}
if !clientIDValid {
ctx.Resp.Header().Set("WWW-Authenticate", `Basic realm=""`)
ctx.PlainText(http.StatusUnauthorized, "no valid authorization")
return
}
var response struct {
Active bool `json:"active"`
Scope string `json:"scope,omitempty"`
Username string `json:"username,omitempty"`
jwt.RegisteredClaims
}
form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.IntrospectTokenForm)
token, err := oauth2.ParseToken(form.Token, oauth2.DefaultSigningKey)
if err == nil {
grant, err := auth.GetOAuth2GrantByID(ctx, token.GrantID)
if err == nil && grant != nil {
app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByID(ctx, grant.ApplicationID)
if err == nil && app != nil {
response.Active = true
response.Scope = grant.Scope
response.Issuer = setting.AppURL
response.Audience = []string{app.ClientID}
response.Subject = fmt.Sprint(grant.UserID)
}
if user, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, grant.UserID); err == nil {
response.Username = user.Name
}
}
}
ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
}
// AuthorizeOAuth manages authorize requests
func AuthorizeOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.AuthorizationForm)
errs := binding.Errors{}
errs = form.Validate(ctx.Req, errs)
if len(errs) > 0 {
errstring := ""
for _, e := range errs {
errstring += e.Error() + "\n"
}
ctx.ServerError("AuthorizeOAuth: Validate: ", fmt.Errorf("errors occurred during validation: %s", errstring))
return
}
app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByClientID(ctx, form.ClientID)
if err != nil {
if auth.IsErrOauthClientIDInvalid(err) {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient,
ErrorDescription: "Client ID not registered",
State: form.State,
}, "")
return
}
ctx.ServerError("GetOAuth2ApplicationByClientID", err)
return
}
var user *user_model.User
if app.UID != 0 {
user, err = user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, app.UID)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("GetUserByID", err)
return
}
}
if !app.ContainsRedirectURI(form.RedirectURI) {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "Unregistered Redirect URI",
State: form.State,
}, "")
return
}
if form.ResponseType != "code" {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeUnsupportedResponseType,
ErrorDescription: "Only code response type is supported.",
State: form.State,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
// pkce support
switch form.CodeChallengeMethod {
case "S256":
case "plain":
if err := ctx.Session.Set("CodeChallengeMethod", form.CodeChallengeMethod); err != nil {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeServerError,
ErrorDescription: "cannot set code challenge method",
State: form.State,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
if err := ctx.Session.Set("CodeChallengeMethod", form.CodeChallenge); err != nil {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeServerError,
ErrorDescription: "cannot set code challenge",
State: form.State,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
// Here we're just going to try to release the session early
if err := ctx.Session.Release(); err != nil {
// we'll tolerate errors here as they *should* get saved elsewhere
log.Error("Unable to save changes to the session: %v", err)
}
case "":
// "Authorization servers SHOULD reject authorization requests from native apps that don't use PKCE by returning an error message"
// path_to_url#section-8.1
if !app.ConfidentialClient {
// "the authorization endpoint MUST return the authorization error response with the "error" value set to "invalid_request""
// path_to_url#section-4.4.1
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "PKCE is required for public clients",
State: form.State,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
default:
// "If the server supporting PKCE does not support the requested transformation, the authorization endpoint MUST return the authorization error response with "error" value set to "invalid_request"."
// path_to_url#section-4.4.1
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "unsupported code challenge method",
State: form.State,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
grant, err := app.GetGrantByUserID(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
// Redirect if user already granted access and the application is confidential or trusted otherwise
// I.e. always require authorization for untrusted public clients as recommended by RFC 6749 Section 10.2
if (app.ConfidentialClient || app.SkipSecondaryAuthorization) && grant != nil {
code, err := grant.GenerateNewAuthorizationCode(ctx, form.RedirectURI, form.CodeChallenge, form.CodeChallengeMethod)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
redirect, err := code.GenerateRedirectURI(form.State)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
// Update nonce to reflect the new session
if len(form.Nonce) > 0 {
err := grant.SetNonce(ctx, form.Nonce)
if err != nil {
log.Error("Unable to update nonce: %v", err)
}
}
ctx.Redirect(redirect.String())
return
}
// show authorize page to grant access
ctx.Data["Application"] = app
ctx.Data["RedirectURI"] = form.RedirectURI
ctx.Data["State"] = form.State
ctx.Data["Scope"] = form.Scope
ctx.Data["Nonce"] = form.Nonce
if user != nil {
ctx.Data["ApplicationCreatorLinkHTML"] = template.HTML(fmt.Sprintf(`<a href="%s">@%s</a>`, html.EscapeString(user.HomeLink()), html.EscapeString(user.Name)))
} else {
ctx.Data["ApplicationCreatorLinkHTML"] = template.HTML(fmt.Sprintf(`<a href="%s">%s</a>`, html.EscapeString(setting.AppSubURL+"/"), html.EscapeString(setting.AppName)))
}
ctx.Data["ApplicationRedirectDomainHTML"] = template.HTML("<strong>" + html.EscapeString(form.RedirectURI) + "</strong>")
// TODO document SESSION <=> FORM
err = ctx.Session.Set("client_id", app.ClientID)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
log.Error(err.Error())
return
}
err = ctx.Session.Set("redirect_uri", form.RedirectURI)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
log.Error(err.Error())
return
}
err = ctx.Session.Set("state", form.State)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
log.Error(err.Error())
return
}
// Here we're just going to try to release the session early
if err := ctx.Session.Release(); err != nil {
// we'll tolerate errors here as they *should* get saved elsewhere
log.Error("Unable to save changes to the session: %v", err)
}
ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, tplGrantAccess)
}
// GrantApplicationOAuth manages the post request submitted when a user grants access to an application
func GrantApplicationOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.GrantApplicationForm)
if ctx.Session.Get("client_id") != form.ClientID || ctx.Session.Get("state") != form.State ||
ctx.Session.Get("redirect_uri") != form.RedirectURI {
ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
if !form.Granted {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
State: form.State,
ErrorDescription: "the request is denied",
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeAccessDenied,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByClientID(ctx, form.ClientID)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("GetOAuth2ApplicationByClientID", err)
return
}
grant, err := app.GetGrantByUserID(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
if grant == nil {
grant, err = app.CreateGrant(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, form.Scope)
if err != nil {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
State: form.State,
ErrorDescription: "cannot create grant for user",
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeServerError,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
} else if grant.Scope != form.Scope {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
State: form.State,
ErrorDescription: "a grant exists with different scope",
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeServerError,
}, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
if len(form.Nonce) > 0 {
err := grant.SetNonce(ctx, form.Nonce)
if err != nil {
log.Error("Unable to update nonce: %v", err)
}
}
var codeChallenge, codeChallengeMethod string
codeChallenge, _ = ctx.Session.Get("CodeChallenge").(string)
codeChallengeMethod, _ = ctx.Session.Get("CodeChallengeMethod").(string)
code, err := grant.GenerateNewAuthorizationCode(ctx, form.RedirectURI, codeChallenge, codeChallengeMethod)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
redirect, err := code.GenerateRedirectURI(form.State)
if err != nil {
handleServerError(ctx, form.State, form.RedirectURI)
return
}
ctx.Redirect(redirect.String(), http.StatusSeeOther)
}
// OIDCWellKnown generates JSON so OIDC clients know Gitea's capabilities
func OIDCWellKnown(ctx *context.Context) {
ctx.Data["SigningKey"] = oauth2.DefaultSigningKey
ctx.JSONTemplate("user/auth/oidc_wellknown")
}
// OIDCKeys generates the JSON Web Key Set
func OIDCKeys(ctx *context.Context) {
jwk, err := oauth2.DefaultSigningKey.ToJWK()
if err != nil {
log.Error("Error converting signing key to JWK: %v", err)
ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError)
return
}
jwk["use"] = "sig"
jwks := map[string][]map[string]string{
"keys": {
jwk,
},
}
ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
enc := json.NewEncoder(ctx.Resp)
if err := enc.Encode(jwks); err != nil {
log.Error("Failed to encode representation as json. Error: %v", err)
}
}
// AccessTokenOAuth manages all access token requests by the client
func AccessTokenOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
form := *web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.AccessTokenForm)
// if there is no ClientID or ClientSecret in the request body, fill these fields by the Authorization header and ensure the provided field matches the Authorization header
if form.ClientID == "" || form.ClientSecret == "" {
authHeader := ctx.Req.Header.Get("Authorization")
if authType, authData, ok := strings.Cut(authHeader, " "); ok && strings.EqualFold(authType, "Basic") {
clientID, clientSecret, err := base.BasicAuthDecode(authData)
if err != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "cannot parse basic auth header",
})
return
}
// validate that any fields present in the form match the Basic auth header
if form.ClientID != "" && form.ClientID != clientID {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "client_id in request body inconsistent with Authorization header",
})
return
}
form.ClientID = clientID
if form.ClientSecret != "" && form.ClientSecret != clientSecret {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "client_secret in request body inconsistent with Authorization header",
})
return
}
form.ClientSecret = clientSecret
}
}
serverKey := oauth2.DefaultSigningKey
clientKey := serverKey
if serverKey.IsSymmetric() {
var err error
clientKey, err = oauth2.CreateJWTSigningKey(serverKey.SigningMethod().Alg(), []byte(form.ClientSecret))
if err != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "Error creating signing key",
})
return
}
}
switch form.GrantType {
case "refresh_token":
handleRefreshToken(ctx, form, serverKey, clientKey)
case "authorization_code":
handleAuthorizationCode(ctx, form, serverKey, clientKey)
default:
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeUnsupportedGrantType,
ErrorDescription: "Only refresh_token or authorization_code grant type is supported",
})
}
}
func handleRefreshToken(ctx *context.Context, form forms.AccessTokenForm, serverKey, clientKey oauth2.JWTSigningKey) {
app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByClientID(ctx, form.ClientID)
if err != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidClient,
ErrorDescription: fmt.Sprintf("cannot load client with client id: %q", form.ClientID),
})
return
}
// "The authorization server MUST ... require client authentication for confidential clients"
// path_to_url#section-6
if app.ConfidentialClient && !app.ValidateClientSecret([]byte(form.ClientSecret)) {
errorDescription := "invalid client secret"
if form.ClientSecret == "" {
errorDescription = "invalid empty client secret"
}
// "invalid_client ... Client authentication failed"
// path_to_url#section-5.2
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidClient,
ErrorDescription: errorDescription,
})
return
}
token, err := oauth2.ParseToken(form.RefreshToken, serverKey)
if err != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient,
ErrorDescription: "unable to parse refresh token",
})
return
}
// get grant before increasing counter
grant, err := auth.GetOAuth2GrantByID(ctx, token.GrantID)
if err != nil || grant == nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidGrant,
ErrorDescription: "grant does not exist",
})
return
}
// check if token got already used
if setting.OAuth2.InvalidateRefreshTokens && (grant.Counter != token.Counter || token.Counter == 0) {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient,
ErrorDescription: "token was already used",
})
log.Warn("A client tried to use a refresh token for grant_id = %d was used twice!", grant.ID)
return
}
accessToken, tokenErr := newAccessTokenResponse(ctx, grant, serverKey, clientKey)
if tokenErr != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, *tokenErr)
return
}
ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, accessToken)
}
func handleAuthorizationCode(ctx *context.Context, form forms.AccessTokenForm, serverKey, clientKey oauth2.JWTSigningKey) {
app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByClientID(ctx, form.ClientID)
if err != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidClient,
ErrorDescription: fmt.Sprintf("cannot load client with client id: '%s'", form.ClientID),
})
return
}
if app.ConfidentialClient && !app.ValidateClientSecret([]byte(form.ClientSecret)) {
errorDescription := "invalid client secret"
if form.ClientSecret == "" {
errorDescription = "invalid empty client secret"
}
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient,
ErrorDescription: errorDescription,
})
return
}
if form.RedirectURI != "" && !app.ContainsRedirectURI(form.RedirectURI) {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient,
ErrorDescription: "unexpected redirect URI",
})
return
}
authorizationCode, err := auth.GetOAuth2AuthorizationByCode(ctx, form.Code)
if err != nil || authorizationCode == nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient,
ErrorDescription: "client is not authorized",
})
return
}
// check if code verifier authorizes the client, PKCE support
if !authorizationCode.ValidateCodeChallenge(form.CodeVerifier) {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeUnauthorizedClient,
ErrorDescription: "failed PKCE code challenge",
})
return
}
// check if granted for this application
if authorizationCode.Grant.ApplicationID != app.ID {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidGrant,
ErrorDescription: "invalid grant",
})
return
}
// remove token from database to deny duplicate usage
if err := authorizationCode.Invalidate(ctx); err != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, AccessTokenError{
ErrorCode: AccessTokenErrorCodeInvalidRequest,
ErrorDescription: "cannot proceed your request",
})
}
resp, tokenErr := newAccessTokenResponse(ctx, authorizationCode.Grant, serverKey, clientKey)
if tokenErr != nil {
handleAccessTokenError(ctx, *tokenErr)
return
}
// send successful response
ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, resp)
}
func handleAccessTokenError(ctx *context.Context, acErr AccessTokenError) {
ctx.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, acErr)
}
func handleServerError(ctx *context.Context, state, redirectURI string) {
handleAuthorizeError(ctx, AuthorizeError{
ErrorCode: ErrorCodeServerError,
ErrorDescription: "A server error occurred",
State: state,
}, redirectURI)
}
func handleAuthorizeError(ctx *context.Context, authErr AuthorizeError, redirectURI string) {
if redirectURI == "" {
log.Warn("Authorization failed: %v", authErr.ErrorDescription)
ctx.Data["Error"] = authErr
ctx.HTML(http.StatusBadRequest, tplGrantError)
return
}
redirect, err := url.Parse(redirectURI)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("url.Parse", err)
return
}
q := redirect.Query()
q.Set("error", string(authErr.ErrorCode))
q.Set("error_description", authErr.ErrorDescription)
q.Set("state", authErr.State)
redirect.RawQuery = q.Encode()
ctx.Redirect(redirect.String(), http.StatusSeeOther)
}
// SignInOAuth handles the OAuth2 login buttons
func SignInOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
provider := ctx.PathParam(":provider")
authSource, err := auth.GetActiveOAuth2SourceByName(ctx, provider)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("SignIn", err)
return
}
redirectTo := ctx.FormString("redirect_to")
if len(redirectTo) > 0 {
middleware.SetRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp, redirectTo)
}
// try to do a direct callback flow, so we don't authenticate the user again but use the valid accesstoken to get the user
user, gothUser, err := oAuth2UserLoginCallback(ctx, authSource, ctx.Req, ctx.Resp)
if err == nil && user != nil {
// we got the user without going through the whole OAuth2 authentication flow again
handleOAuth2SignIn(ctx, authSource, user, gothUser)
return
}
if err = authSource.Cfg.(*oauth2.Source).Callout(ctx.Req, ctx.Resp); err != nil {
if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no provider for ") {
if err = oauth2.ResetOAuth2(ctx); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("SignIn", err)
return
}
if err = authSource.Cfg.(*oauth2.Source).Callout(ctx.Req, ctx.Resp); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("SignIn", err)
}
return
}
ctx.ServerError("SignIn", err)
}
// redirect is done in oauth2.Auth
}
// SignInOAuthCallback handles the callback from the given provider
func SignInOAuthCallback(ctx *context.Context) {
provider := ctx.PathParam(":provider")
if ctx.Req.FormValue("error") != "" {
var errorKeyValues []string
for k, vv := range ctx.Req.Form {
for _, v := range vv {
errorKeyValues = append(errorKeyValues, fmt.Sprintf("%s = %s", html.EscapeString(k), html.EscapeString(v)))
}
}
sort.Strings(errorKeyValues)
ctx.Flash.Error(strings.Join(errorKeyValues, "<br>"), true)
}
// first look if the provider is still active
authSource, err := auth.GetActiveOAuth2SourceByName(ctx, provider)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("SignIn", err)
return
}
if authSource == nil {
ctx.ServerError("SignIn", errors.New("no valid provider found, check configured callback url in provider"))
return
}
u, gothUser, err := oAuth2UserLoginCallback(ctx, authSource, ctx.Req, ctx.Resp)
if err != nil {
if user_model.IsErrUserProhibitLogin(err) {
uplerr := err.(user_model.ErrUserProhibitLogin)
log.Info("Failed authentication attempt for %s from %s: %v", uplerr.Name, ctx.RemoteAddr(), err)
ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("auth.prohibit_login")
ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, "user/auth/prohibit_login")
return
}
if callbackErr, ok := err.(errCallback); ok {
log.Info("Failed OAuth callback: (%v) %v", callbackErr.Code, callbackErr.Description)
switch callbackErr.Code {
case "access_denied":
ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("auth.oauth.signin.error.access_denied"))
case "temporarily_unavailable":
ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("auth.oauth.signin.error.temporarily_unavailable"))
default:
ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("auth.oauth.signin.error"))
}
ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/login")
return
}
if err, ok := err.(*go_oauth2.RetrieveError); ok {
ctx.Flash.Error("OAuth2 RetrieveError: "+err.Error(), true)
}
ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
return
}
if u == nil {
if ctx.Doer != nil {
// attach user to the current signed-in user
err = externalaccount.LinkAccountToUser(ctx, ctx.Doer, gothUser)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("UserLinkAccount", err)
return
}
ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/settings/security")
return
} else if !setting.Service.AllowOnlyInternalRegistration && setting.OAuth2Client.EnableAutoRegistration {
// create new user with details from oauth2 provider
var missingFields []string
if gothUser.UserID == "" {
missingFields = append(missingFields, "sub")
}
if gothUser.Email == "" {
missingFields = append(missingFields, "email")
}
uname, err := extractUserNameFromOAuth2(&gothUser)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
return
}
if uname == "" {
if setting.OAuth2Client.Username == setting.OAuth2UsernameNickname {
missingFields = append(missingFields, "nickname")
} else if setting.OAuth2Client.Username == setting.OAuth2UsernamePreferredUsername {
missingFields = append(missingFields, "preferred_username")
} // else: "UserID" and "Email" have been handled above separately
}
if len(missingFields) > 0 {
log.Error(`OAuth2 auto registration (ENABLE_AUTO_REGISTRATION) is enabled but OAuth2 provider %q doesn't return required fields: %s. `+
`Suggest to: disable auto registration, or make OPENID_CONNECT_SCOPES (for OpenIDConnect) / Authentication Source Scopes (for Admin panel) to request all required fields, and the fields shouldn't be empty.`,
authSource.Name, strings.Join(missingFields, ","))
// The RawData is the only way to pass the missing fields to the another page at the moment, other ways all have various problems:
// by session or cookie: difficult to clean or reset; by URL: could be injected with uncontrollable content; by ctx.Flash: the link_account page is a mess ...
// Since the RawData is for the provider's data, so we need to use our own prefix here to avoid conflict.
if gothUser.RawData == nil {
gothUser.RawData = make(map[string]any)
}
gothUser.RawData["__giteaAutoRegMissingFields"] = missingFields
showLinkingLogin(ctx, gothUser)
return
}
u = &user_model.User{
Name: uname,
FullName: gothUser.Name,
Email: gothUser.Email,
LoginType: auth.OAuth2,
LoginSource: authSource.ID,
LoginName: gothUser.UserID,
}
overwriteDefault := &user_model.CreateUserOverwriteOptions{
IsActive: optional.Some(!setting.OAuth2Client.RegisterEmailConfirm && !setting.Service.RegisterManualConfirm),
}
source := authSource.Cfg.(*oauth2.Source)
isAdmin, isRestricted := getUserAdminAndRestrictedFromGroupClaims(source, &gothUser)
u.IsAdmin = isAdmin.ValueOrDefault(false)
u.IsRestricted = isRestricted.ValueOrDefault(false)
if !createAndHandleCreatedUser(ctx, base.TplName(""), nil, u, overwriteDefault, &gothUser, setting.OAuth2Client.AccountLinking != setting.OAuth2AccountLinkingDisabled) {
// error already handled
return
}
if err := syncGroupsToTeams(ctx, source, &gothUser, u); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("SyncGroupsToTeams", err)
return
}
} else {
// no existing user is found, request attach or new account
showLinkingLogin(ctx, gothUser)
return
}
}
handleOAuth2SignIn(ctx, authSource, u, gothUser)
}
func claimValueToStringSet(claimValue any) container.Set[string] {
var groups []string
switch rawGroup := claimValue.(type) {
case []string:
groups = rawGroup
case []any:
for _, group := range rawGroup {
groups = append(groups, fmt.Sprintf("%s", group))
}
default:
str := fmt.Sprintf("%s", rawGroup)
groups = strings.Split(str, ",")
}
return container.SetOf(groups...)
}
func syncGroupsToTeams(ctx *context.Context, source *oauth2.Source, gothUser *goth.User, u *user_model.User) error {
if source.GroupTeamMap != "" || source.GroupTeamMapRemoval {
groupTeamMapping, err := auth_module.UnmarshalGroupTeamMapping(source.GroupTeamMap)
if err != nil {
return err
}
groups := getClaimedGroups(source, gothUser)
if err := source_service.SyncGroupsToTeams(ctx, u, groups, groupTeamMapping, source.GroupTeamMapRemoval); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func getClaimedGroups(source *oauth2.Source, gothUser *goth.User) container.Set[string] {
groupClaims, has := gothUser.RawData[source.GroupClaimName]
if !has {
return nil
}
return claimValueToStringSet(groupClaims)
}
func getUserAdminAndRestrictedFromGroupClaims(source *oauth2.Source, gothUser *goth.User) (isAdmin, isRestricted optional.Option[bool]) {
groups := getClaimedGroups(source, gothUser)
if source.AdminGroup != "" {
isAdmin = optional.Some(groups.Contains(source.AdminGroup))
}
if source.RestrictedGroup != "" {
isRestricted = optional.Some(groups.Contains(source.RestrictedGroup))
}
return isAdmin, isRestricted
}
func showLinkingLogin(ctx *context.Context, gothUser goth.User) {
if err := updateSession(ctx, nil, map[string]any{
"linkAccountGothUser": gothUser,
}); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("updateSession", err)
return
}
ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/link_account")
}
func updateAvatarIfNeed(ctx *context.Context, url string, u *user_model.User) {
if setting.OAuth2Client.UpdateAvatar && len(url) > 0 {
resp, err := http.Get(url)
if err == nil {
defer func() {
_ = resp.Body.Close()
}()
}
// ignore any error
if err == nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusOK {
data, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, setting.Avatar.MaxFileSize+1))
if err == nil && int64(len(data)) <= setting.Avatar.MaxFileSize {
_ = user_service.UploadAvatar(ctx, u, data)
}
}
}
}
func handleOAuth2SignIn(ctx *context.Context, source *auth.Source, u *user_model.User, gothUser goth.User) {
updateAvatarIfNeed(ctx, gothUser.AvatarURL, u)
needs2FA := false
if !source.Cfg.(*oauth2.Source).SkipLocalTwoFA {
_, err := auth.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx, u.ID)
if err != nil && !auth.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
return
}
needs2FA = err == nil
}
oauth2Source := source.Cfg.(*oauth2.Source)
groupTeamMapping, err := auth_module.UnmarshalGroupTeamMapping(oauth2Source.GroupTeamMap)
if err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("UnmarshalGroupTeamMapping", err)
return
}
groups := getClaimedGroups(oauth2Source, &gothUser)
opts := &user_service.UpdateOptions{}
// Reactivate user if they are deactivated
if !u.IsActive {
opts.IsActive = optional.Some(true)
}
// Update GroupClaims
opts.IsAdmin, opts.IsRestricted = getUserAdminAndRestrictedFromGroupClaims(oauth2Source, &gothUser)
if oauth2Source.GroupTeamMap != "" || oauth2Source.GroupTeamMapRemoval {
if err := source_service.SyncGroupsToTeams(ctx, u, groups, groupTeamMapping, oauth2Source.GroupTeamMapRemoval); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("SyncGroupsToTeams", err)
return
}
}
if err := externalaccount.EnsureLinkExternalToUser(ctx, u, gothUser); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("EnsureLinkExternalToUser", err)
return
}
// If this user is enrolled in 2FA and this source doesn't override it,
// we can't sign the user in just yet. Instead, redirect them to the 2FA authentication page.
if !needs2FA {
// Register last login
opts.SetLastLogin = true
if err := user_service.UpdateUser(ctx, u, opts); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("UpdateUser", err)
return
}
if err := updateSession(ctx, nil, map[string]any{
"uid": u.ID,
"uname": u.Name,
}); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("updateSession", err)
return
}
// Clear whatever CSRF cookie has right now, force to generate a new one
ctx.Csrf.DeleteCookie(ctx)
if err := resetLocale(ctx, u); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("resetLocale", err)
return
}
if redirectTo := ctx.GetSiteCookie("redirect_to"); len(redirectTo) > 0 {
middleware.DeleteRedirectToCookie(ctx.Resp)
ctx.RedirectToCurrentSite(redirectTo)
return
}
ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/")
return
}
if opts.IsActive.Has() || opts.IsAdmin.Has() || opts.IsRestricted.Has() {
if err := user_service.UpdateUser(ctx, u, opts); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("UpdateUser", err)
return
}
}
if err := updateSession(ctx, nil, map[string]any{
// User needs to use 2FA, save data and redirect to 2FA page.
"twofaUid": u.ID,
"twofaRemember": false,
}); err != nil {
ctx.ServerError("updateSession", err)
return
}
// If WebAuthn is enrolled -> Redirect to WebAuthn instead
regs, err := auth.GetWebAuthnCredentialsByUID(ctx, u.ID)
if err == nil && len(regs) > 0 {
ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/webauthn")
return
}
ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/two_factor")
}
// OAuth2UserLoginCallback attempts to handle the callback from the OAuth2 provider and if successful
// login the user
func oAuth2UserLoginCallback(ctx *context.Context, authSource *auth.Source, request *http.Request, response http.ResponseWriter) (*user_model.User, goth.User, error) {
oauth2Source := authSource.Cfg.(*oauth2.Source)
// Make sure that the response is not an error response.
errorName := request.FormValue("error")
if len(errorName) > 0 {
errorDescription := request.FormValue("error_description")
// Delete the goth session
err := gothic.Logout(response, request)
if err != nil {
return nil, goth.User{}, err
}
return nil, goth.User{}, errCallback{
Code: errorName,
Description: errorDescription,
}
}
// Proceed to authenticate through goth.
gothUser, err := oauth2Source.Callback(request, response)
if err != nil {
if err.Error() == "securecookie: the value is too long" || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "Data too long") {
log.Error("OAuth2 Provider %s returned too long a token. Current max: %d. Either increase the [OAuth2] MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH or reduce the information returned from the OAuth2 provider", authSource.Name, setting.OAuth2.MaxTokenLength)
err = fmt.Errorf("OAuth2 Provider %s returned too long a token. Current max: %d. Either increase the [OAuth2] MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH or reduce the information returned from the OAuth2 provider", authSource.Name, setting.OAuth2.MaxTokenLength)
}
return nil, goth.User{}, err
}
if oauth2Source.RequiredClaimName != "" {
claimInterface, has := gothUser.RawData[oauth2Source.RequiredClaimName]
if !has {
return nil, goth.User{}, user_model.ErrUserProhibitLogin{Name: gothUser.UserID}
}
if oauth2Source.RequiredClaimValue != "" {
groups := claimValueToStringSet(claimInterface)
if !groups.Contains(oauth2Source.RequiredClaimValue) {
return nil, goth.User{}, user_model.ErrUserProhibitLogin{Name: gothUser.UserID}
}
}
}
user := &user_model.User{
LoginName: gothUser.UserID,
LoginType: auth.OAuth2,
LoginSource: authSource.ID,
}
hasUser, err := user_model.GetUser(ctx, user)
if err != nil {
return nil, goth.User{}, err
}
if hasUser {
return user, gothUser, nil
}
// search in external linked users
externalLoginUser := &user_model.ExternalLoginUser{
ExternalID: gothUser.UserID,
LoginSourceID: authSource.ID,
}
hasUser, err = user_model.GetExternalLogin(request.Context(), externalLoginUser)
if err != nil {
return nil, goth.User{}, err
}
if hasUser {
user, err = user_model.GetUserByID(request.Context(), externalLoginUser.UserID)
return user, gothUser, err
}
// no user found to login
return nil, gothUser, nil
}
```
|
The American folk music revival began during the 1940s and peaked in popularity in the mid-1960s. Its roots went earlier, and performers like Josh White, Burl Ives, Woody Guthrie, Lead Belly, Big Bill Broonzy, Richard Dyer-Bennet, Oscar Brand, Jean Ritchie, John Jacob Niles, Susan Reed, Paul Robeson, Bessie Smith, Ma Rainey and Cisco Houston had enjoyed a limited general popularity in the 1930s and 1940s. The revival brought forward styles of American folk music that had in earlier times contributed to the development of country and western, blues, jazz, and rock and roll music.
Overview
Early years
The folk revival in New York City was rooted in the resurgent interest in square dancing and folk dancing there in the 1940s as espoused by instructors such as Margot Mayo, which gave musicians such as Pete Seeger popular exposure. The folk revival more generally as a popular and commercial phenomenon begins with the career of The Weavers, formed in November 1948 by Pete Seeger, Lee Hays, Fred Hellerman, and Ronnie Gilbert of People's Songs, of which Seeger had been president and Hays executive secretary. People's Songs, which disbanded in 1948–49, had been a clearing house for labor movement songs (and in particular the CIO, which at the time was one of the few if not the only union federation that was racially integrated), and in 1948 had thrown all its resources to the failed presidential campaign of Progressive Party candidate Henry Wallace, a folk-music aficionado (his running mate was a country-music singer-guitarist). Hays and Seeger had formerly sung together as the politically activist Almanac Singers, a group which they founded in 1941 and whose personnel often included Woody Guthrie, Josh White, Lead Belly, Cisco Houston, and Bess Lomax Hawes. The Weavers had a big hit in 1950 with the single of Lead Belly's "Goodnight, Irene". This was number one on the Billboard charts for thirteen weeks. On its flip side was "Tzena, Tzena, Tzena", an Israeli dance song that concurrently reached number two on the charts. This was followed by a string of Weaver hit singles that sold millions, including ""So Long It's Been Good to Know You" ("Dusty Old Dust") (by Woody Guthrie) and "Kisses Sweeter Than Wine". The Weavers' career ended abruptly when they were dropped from Decca's catalog because Pete Seeger had been listed in the publication Red Channels as a probable subversive. Radio stations refused to play their records and concert venues canceled their engagements. A former employee of People's Songs, Harvey Matusow, himself a former Communist Party member, had informed the FBI that the Weavers were Communists, too, although Matusow later recanted and admitted he had lied. Pete Seeger and Lee Hays were called to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1955. Despite this, a Christmas Weaver reunion concert organized by Harold Leventhal in 1955 was a smash success and the Vanguard LP album of that concert, issued in 1957, was one of the top sellers of that year, followed by other successful albums.
Folk music, which often carried the stigma of left-wing associations during the 1950s Red Scare, was driven underground and carried along by a handful of artists releasing records. Barred from mainstream outlets, artists like Seeger were restricted to performing in schools and summer camps, and the folk-music scene became a phenomenon associated with vaguely rebellious bohemianism in places like New York (especially Greenwich Village) and San Francisco's North Beach, and in the college and university districts of cities like Chicago, Boston, Denver, and elsewhere.
Ron Eyerman and Scott Baretta speculate that: [I]t is interesting to consider that had it not been for the explicit political sympathies of the Weavers and other folk singers or, another way of looking at it, the hysterical anti-communism of the Cold War, folk music would very likely have entered mainstream American culture in even greater force in the early 1950s, perhaps making the second wave of the revival nearly a decade later [i.e., in the 1960s] redundant.The media blackout of performers with alleged communist sympathies or ties was so effective that Israel Young, a chronicler of the 1960s Folk Revival who was drawn into the movement through an interest in folk dancing, communicated to Ron Eyerman that he himself was unaware for many years of the movement's 1930s and early '40s antecedents in left-wing political activism.
In the early and mid-1950s, acoustic-guitar-accompanied folk songs were mostly heard in coffee houses, private parties, open-air concerts, and sing-alongs, hootenannies, and at college-campus concerts. Often associated with political dissent, folk music now blended, to some degree, with the so-called beatnik scene, and dedicated singers of folk songs (as well as folk-influenced original material) traveled through what was called "the coffee-house circuit" across the U.S. and Canada, home also to cool jazz and recitations of highly personal beatnik poetry. Two singers of the 1950s who sang folk material but crossed over into the mainstream were Odetta and Harry Belafonte, both of whom sang Lead Belly and Josh White material. Odetta, who had trained as an opera singer, performed traditional blues, spirituals, and songs by Lead Belly. Belafonte had hits with Jamaican calypso material as well as the folk song-like sentimental ballad "Scarlet Ribbons" (composed in 1949).
The revival at its height
The Kingston Trio, a group originating on the West Coast, were directly inspired by the Weavers in their style and presentation and covered some of the Weavers' material, which was predominantly traditional. The Kingston Trio avoided overtly political or protest songs and cultivated a clean-cut collegiate persona. They were discovered while playing at a college club called the Cracked Pot by Frank Werber, who became their manager and secured them a deal with Capitol Records. Their first hit was a rewritten rendition of an old-time folk murder ballad, "Tom Dooley", which had been sung at Lead Belly's funeral concert. This went gold in 1958 and sold more than three million copies. The success of the album and the single earned the Kingston Trio a Grammy award for Best Country & Western Performance at the awards' inaugural ceremony in 1959. At the time, no folk-music category existed in the Grammy's scheme. The next year, largely as a result of The Kingston Trio album and "Tom Dooley", the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences instituted a folk category and the Trio won the first Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording for its second studio album At Large. At one point, The Kingston Trio had four records at the same time among the top 10 selling albums for five consecutive weeks in November and December 1959 according to Billboard magazine's "Top LPs" chart, a record unmatched for more than 50 years and noted at the time by a cover story in Life magazine. The huge commercial success of the Kingston Trio, whose recordings between 1958 and 1961 earned more than $25 million for Capitol records or about $220 million in 2021 dollars, spawned a host of groups that were similar in some respects like the Brothers Four, Peter, Paul and Mary, The Limeliters, The Chad Mitchell Trio, The New Christy Minstrels, and more. As noted by critic Bruce Eder in the All Music Guide, the popularity of the commercialized version of folk music represented by these groups emboldened record companies to sign, record, and promote artists with more traditionalist and political sensibilities.
The Kingston Trio's popularity would be followed by that of Joan Baez, whose debut album Joan Baez reached the top ten in late 1960 and remained on the Billboard charts for over two years. Baez's early albums contained mostly traditional material, such as the Scottish ballad "Mary Hamilton", as well as many covers of melancholy tunes that had appeared in Harry Smith's Anthology of American Folk Music, such as "The Wagoner's Lad" and "The Butcher Boy". She did not try to imitate the singing style of her source material, however, but used a rich soprano with vibrato. Her popularity (and that of the folk revival itself) would place Baez on the cover of Time magazine in November 1962. Unlike the Kingston Trio, Baez was openly political, and as the civil rights movement gathered steam, she aligned herself with Pete Seeger, Guthrie and others. Baez was one of the singers with Seeger, Josh White, Peter, Paul and Mary, and Bob Dylan who appeared at Martin Luther King's 1963 March on Washington and sang "We Shall Overcome", a song that had been introduced by People's Songs. Harry Belafonte was also present on that occasion, as was Odetta, whom Martin Luther King introduced as "the queen of folk music" when she sang "Oh, Freedom". (Odetta Sings Folk Songs was one of 1963's best-selling folk albums). Also on hand were the SNCC Freedom Singers, the personnel of which went on to form Sweet Honey in the Rock.
The critical role played by Freedom Songs in the voter registration drives, freedom rides, and lunch counter sit-ins during the Civil Rights Movement of the late 1950s and early '60s in the South gave folk music tremendous new visibility and prestige. The peace movement was likewise energized by the rise of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament in the UK, protesting the British testing of the H-bomb in 1958, as well as by the ever-proliferating arms race and the increasingly unpopular Vietnam War. Young singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, playing acoustic guitar and harmonica, had been signed and recorded for Columbia by producer John Hammond in 1961. Dylan's record enjoyed some popularity among Greenwich Village folk-music enthusiasts, but he was "discovered" by an immensely larger audience when Peter, Paul & Mary had a hit with a cover of his song "Blowin' in the Wind". That trio also brought Pete Seeger's and the Weavers' "If I Had a Hammer" to nationwide audiences, as well as covering songs by other artists such as Dylan and John Denver.
It was not long before the folk-music category came to include less traditional material and more personal and poetic creations by individual performers, who called themselves "singer-songwriters". As a result of the financial success of high-profile commercial folk artists, record companies began to produce and distribute records by a new generation of folk revival and singer-songwriters—Phil Ochs, Tom Paxton, Eric von Schmidt, Buffy Sainte-Marie, Dave Van Ronk, Judy Collins, Tom Rush, Fred Neil, Gordon Lightfoot, Billy Ed Wheeler, John Denver, John Stewart, Arlo Guthrie, Harry Chapin, and John Hartford, among others. Some of this wave had emerged from family singing and playing traditions, and some had not. These singers frequently prided themselves on performing traditional material in imitations of the style of the source singers whom they had discovered, frequently by listening to Harry Smith's celebrated LP compilation of forgotten or obscure commercial 78rpm "race" and "hillbilly" recordings of the 1920s and 30s, the Folkways Anthology of American Folk Music (1951). A number of the artists who had made these old recordings were still very much alive and had been "rediscovered" and brought to the 1963 and 64 Newport Folk Festivals. For example, traditionalist Clarence Ashley introduced folk revivalists to the music of friends of his who still actively played the older music, such as Doc Watson and The Stanley Brothers.
Archivists, collectors, and re-issued recordings
During the 1950s, the growing folk-music crowd that had developed in the United States began to buy records by older, traditional musicians from the Southeastern hill country and from urban inner-cities. New LP compilations of commercial 78-rpm race and hillbilly studio recordings stretching back to the 1920s and 1930s were published by major record labels. The expanding market in LP records increased the availability of folk-music field recordings originally made by John and Alan Lomax, Kenneth S. Goldstein, and other collectors during the New Deal era of the 1930s and 40s. Small record labels, such as Yazoo Records, grew up to distribute reissued older recordings and to make new recordings of the survivors among these artists. This was how many urban white American audiences of the 1950s and 60s first heard country blues and especially Delta blues that had been recorded by Mississippi folk artists 30 or 40 years before.
In 1952, Folkways Records released the Anthology of American Folk Music, compiled by anthropologist and experimental film maker Harry Smith. The Anthology featured 84 songs by traditional country and blues artists, initially recorded between 1927 and 1932, and was credited with making a large amount of pre-War material accessible to younger musicians. (The Anthology was re-released on CD in 1997, and Smith was belatedly presented with a Grammy Award for his achievement in 1991.)
Artists like the Carter Family, Robert Johnson, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Clarence Ashley, Buell Kazee, Uncle Dave Macon, Mississippi John Hurt, and the Stanley Brothers, as well as Jimmie Rodgers, the Reverend Gary Davis, and Bill Monroe came to have something more than a regional or ethnic reputation. The revival turned up a tremendous wealth and diversity of music and put it out through radio shows and record stores.
Living representatives of some of the varied regional and ethnic traditions, including younger performers like Southern-traditional singer Jean Ritchie, who had first begun recording in the 1940s, also enjoyed a resurgence of popularity through enthusiasts' widening discovery of this music and appeared regularly at folk festivals.
Ethnic folk music
Ethnic folk music from other countries also had a boom during the American folk revival. The most successful ethnic performers of the revival were the Greenwich Village folksingers, the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, whom Billboard magazine listed as the eleventh best-selling folk musicians in the United States. The group, which consisted of Paddy Clancy, Tom Clancy, Liam Clancy, and Tommy Makem, predominantly sang English-language, Irish folk songs, as well as an occasional song in Irish Gaelic. Paddy Clancy also started and ran the folk-music label Tradition Records, which produced Odetta's first solo LP and initially brought Carolyn Hester to national prominence. Pete Seeger played the banjo on their Grammy-nominated 1961 album, A Spontaneous Performance Recording, and Bob Dylan later cited the group as a major influence on him. The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem also sparked a folk-music boom in Ireland in the mid-1960s, illustrating the world-wide effects of the American folk-music revival.
Books such as the popular best seller, the Fireside Book of Folk Songs (1947), which contributed to the folk song revival, featured some material in languages other than English, including German, Spanish, Italian, French, Yiddish, and Russian. The repertoires of Theodore Bikel, Marais and Miranda, and Martha Schlamme also included Hebrew and Jewish material, as well as Afrikaans. The Weavers' first big hit, the flipside of Lead Belly's "Good Night Irene", and a top seller in its own right, was in Hebrew ("Tzena, Tzena, Tzena") and they, and later Joan Baez, who was of Mexican descent, occasionally included Spanish-language material in their repertoires, as well as songs from Africa, India, and elsewhere.
The commercially oriented folk-music revival as it existed in coffee houses, concert halls, radio, and TV was predominantly an English-language phenomenon, though many of the major pop-folk groups, such as the Kingston Trio, Peter, Paul and Mary, The Chad Mitchell Trio, The Limeliters, The Brothers Four, The Highwaymen, and others, featured songs in Spanish (often from Mexico), Polynesian languages, Russian, French, and other languages in their recordings and performances. These groups also sang many English-language songs of foreign origin.
Rock subsumes folk
The British Invasion of the mid-1960s helped bring an end to the mainstream popularity of American folk music as a wave of British bands overwhelmed most of the American music scene, including folk. Ironically, the roots of the British Invasion were in American folk, specifically a variant known as skiffle as popularized by Lonnie Donegan; however, most of the British Invasion bands had been extensively influenced by rock and roll by the time their music had reached the United States and bore little resemblance to its folk origins.
After Bob Dylan began to record with a rocking rhythm section and electric instruments in 1965 (see Electric Dylan controversy), many other still-young folk artists followed suit. Meanwhile, bands like The Lovin' Spoonful and the Byrds, whose individual members often had a background in the folk-revival coffee-house scene, were getting recording contracts with folk-tinged music played with a rock-band line-up. Before long, the public appetite for the more acoustic music of the folk revival began to wane.
"Crossover" hits ("folk songs" that became rock-music-scene staples) happened now and again. One well-known example is the song "Hey Joe", copyrighted by folk artist Billy Roberts and recorded by rock singer/guitarist Jimi Hendrix just as he was about to burst into stardom in 1967. The anthem "Woodstock", which was written and first sung by Joni Mitchell while her records were still nearly entirely acoustic and while she was labeled a "folk singer", became a hit single for Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young when the group recorded a full-on rock version.
Legacy
By the late 1960s, the scene had returned to being more of a lower-key, aficionado phenomenon, although sizable annual acoustic-music festivals were established in many parts of North America during this period. The acoustic music coffee-house scene survived at a reduced scale. Through the luminary young singer-songwriters of the 1960s, the American folk-music revival has influenced songwriting and musical styles throughout the world.
Major figures
Woody Guthrie is best known as an American singer-songwriter and folk musician whose musical legacy includes hundreds of political, traditional and children's songs, ballads and improvised works. He frequently performed with the slogan This Machine Kills Fascists displayed on his guitar. His best-known song is "This Land Is Your Land". Many of his recorded songs are archived in the Library of Congress. In the 1930s Guthrie traveled with migrant workers from Oklahoma to California while learning, rewriting, and performing traditional folk and blues songs along the way. Many of the songs he composed were about his experiences in the Dust Bowl era during the Great Depression, earning him the nickname the "Dust Bowl Balladeer". Throughout his life, Guthrie was associated with United States communist groups, though he never formally joined the Party. During his later years Guthrie served as a prominent leader in the folk movement, providing inspiration to a generation of new folk musicians, including mentor relationships with Ramblin' Jack Elliott and Bob Dylan. Such songwriters as Dylan, Phil Ochs, Bruce Springsteen, Pete Seeger, Joe Strummer and Tom Paxton have acknowledged their debt to Guthrie as an influence. Guthrie's son Arlo broke into the folk scene near the end of Woody's life and had significant success of his own.
The Almanac Singers Almanac members Millard Lampell, Lee Hays, Pete Seeger, and Woody Guthrie began playing together informally in 1940; the Almanac Singers were formed in December 1940. They invented a driving, energetic performing style, based on what they felt was the best of American country string band music, black and white. They evolved towards controversial topical music. Two of the regular members of the group, Pete Seeger and Lee Hays, later became founding members of The Weavers.
Burl Ives – as a youth, Ives dropped out of college to travel around as an itinerant singer during the early 1930s, earning his way by doing odd jobs and playing his guitar and banjo. In 1930 he had a brief local radio career on WBOW radio in Terre Haute, Indiana, and in the 1940s he had his own radio show The Wayfaring Stranger, titled after one of the ballads he sang. The show was very popular, and in 1946 Ives was cast as a singing cowboy in the film Smoky. Ives went on to play parts in other popular films as well. His first book, also titled The Wayfaring Stranger, was published in 1948.
Pete Seeger had met and been influenced by many important folk musicians and singer-songwriters with folk roots such as Woody Guthrie and Lead Belly. Seeger had labor movement involvements, and he met Guthrie at a "Grapes of Wrath" migrant workers' concert on March 3, 1940, and the two thereafter began a musical collaboration that included the Almanac Singers. In 1948 Seeger wrote the first version of his now-classic How to Play the Five-String Banjo, an instructional book that many banjo players credit with starting them off on the instrument.
The Weavers were formed in 1947 by Seeger, Ronnie Gilbert, Lee Hays, and Fred Hellerman. After they debuted at the Village Vanguard in New York in 1948, they were then discovered by arranger Gordon Jenkins and signed with Decca Records, releasing a series of successful but heavily orchestrated single songs. The group's political associations in the era of the Red Scare forced them to break up in 1952; they re-formed in 1955 with a series of successful concerts and album recordings on Vanguard Records. A fifth member, Erik Darling, sometimes sat in with the group when Seeger was unavailable and ultimately replaced Seeger in The Weavers when the latter resigned from the quartet in a dispute about its commercialism in general and its specific agreement to record a cigarette commercial.
Josh White was an authentic singer of rural blues and folk music, a man who had been born into abject conditions in South Carolina during the Jim Crow years. As a young black singer, he was initially dubbed "the Singing Christian" (he sang some Gospel songs, and was the son of a preacher), but he also recorded blues songs under the name Pinewood Tom. Later discovered by John H. Hammond and groomed for both stage performance and a major-label recording career, his repertoire expanded to include urban blues, jazz, and gleanings from a broad folk repertoire, in addition to rural blues and gospel. White gained a very wide following in the 1940s and had a huge influence on later blues artists and groups, as well as the general folk-music scene. His pro-justice and civil-rights stances provoked harsh treatment during the suspicious HUAC era, seriously harming his performing career in the 1950s and keeping him off television until 1963. In folk-music circles, however, he retained respect and was admired both as a musical hero and a link with the Southern rural-blues and gospel traditions.
Harry Belafonte, another influential performer inspired in part by Paul Robeson, started his career as a club singer in New York to pay for his acting classes. In 1952, he signed a contract with RCA Victor and released his first record album, Mark Twain and Other Folk Favorites. His breakthrough album Calypso (1956) was the first LP to sell over a million copies. The album spent 31 weeks at number one, 58 weeks in the top ten, and 99 weeks on the US charts. It introduced American audiences to Calypso music, and Belafonte was dubbed the "King of Calypso". Belafonte went on to record in many genres, including blues, American folk, gospel, and more. Odetta sang "Water Boy" and performed a duet with Belafonte of "There's a Hole in My Bucket" that hit the national charts in 1961.
Odetta Holmes – Starting in 1953 singers Odetta and Larry Mohr recorded some songs, with the LP being released in 1954 as Odetta and Larry, an album that was partially recorded live at San Francisco's Tin Angel bar. Odetta enjoyed a long and respected career, with a repertoire of traditional songs (e.g., spirituals) and blues until her death in 2008, becoming known as "the Voice of the Civil Rights Movement", and "the Queen of American Folk Music" (Martin Luther King Jr.).
The Kingston Trio was formed in 1957 in the Palo Alto, California area by Bob Shane, Nick Reynolds, and Dave Guard, who were just out of college. They were greatly influenced by the Weavers, the calypso sounds of Belafonte, and other semi-pop folk artists such as the Gateway Singers and The Tarriers. The unexpected and surprising influence of their hit record "Tom Dooley" (which sold almost four million units and is often credited with initiating the pop music aspect of the folk revival) and the unprecedented popularity and album sales of this group from 1957 to 1963, including fourteen top ten and five number-one LPs on the Billboard charts), were significant factors in creating a commercial and mainstream audience for folk-style music where little had existed prior to their emergence. The Kingston Trio's success was followed by other highly successful 60s pop-folk acts, such as The Limeliters and The Highwaymen.
Dave Van Ronk was a mainstay of the scene, the so-called "Mayor of Macdougal Street". He was a mentor and inspiration for Tom Paxton, Christine Lavin, Joni Mitchell, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, and Bob Dylan (who described Van Ronk as "the king who reigned supreme" in the Village)
The Brothers Four: Their first album, The Brothers Four, released toward the end of the year, made the top 20. Other highlights of their early career included singing their fourth single, "The Green Leaves of Summer", from the John Wayne movie The Alamo, at the 1961 Academy Awards. Their third album, BMOC: Best Music On/Off Campus, was a top 10 LP. They also recorded the title song for the Hollywood film Five Weeks in a Balloon in 1962 and the theme song for the ABC television series Hootenanny.
Phil Ochs is most known for his topical songs such as "I Ain't Marching Anymore" and "Draft Dodger Rag", but he can also be credited as one of the major figures in the antiwar movement during the Vietnam War. Ochs started a rally in Los Angeles and penned War is Over detailing the cause. He also wrote a gentler and more poetic tunes such as "When I'm Gone" and "Changes".
Joan Baez’s career got started in 1958 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where at 17 she gave her first coffee-house concert. She was invited to perform at the 1959 Newport Folk Festival by pop-folk star Bob Gibson, after which Baez was sometimes called "the barefoot Madonna", gaining renown for her clear voice and three-octave range. She recorded her first album for an established label the following year – a collection of laments and traditional folk ballads from the British Isles, accompanying the songs with guitar. Her second LP release went gold, as did her next (live) albums. One record featured her rendition of a song by the then-unknown Bob Dylan. In the early 1960s, Baez moved into the forefront of the American folk-music revival. Increasingly, her personal convictions – peace, social justice, anti-poverty – were reflected in the topical songs that made up a growing portion of her repertoire, to the point that Baez became a symbol for these particular concerns.
Bob Dylan often performed and sometimes toured with Joan Baez, starting when she was a singer of mostly traditional songs. As Baez adopted some of Dylan's songs into her repertoire and introduced Dylan to her avid audiences, it helped the young songwriter to gain initial recognition. By the time Dylan recorded his first LP (1962), he had developed a style reminiscent of Woody Guthrie. He began to write songs that captured the "progressive" mood on the college campuses and in the coffee houses. Though by 1964 there were many new guitar-playing singer-songwriters, it is arguable that Dylan eventually became the most popular of these younger folk-music-revival performers.
Peter, Paul, and Mary debuted in the early 1960s and were an American trio who ultimately became one of the biggest musical acts of the 1960s. The trio was composed of Peter Yarrow, Paul Stookey and Mary Travers. They were one of the main folk music torchbearers of social commentary music in that decade. During the 1960s, they won five Grammy Awards. As the decade passed, their music incorporated more elements of pop and rock.
Judy Collins, sometimes known as ""Judy Blue Eyes"" debuted in the early 1960s. At first, she sang traditional folk songs or songs written by others – in particular the protest poets of the time, such as Tom Paxton, Phil Ochs, and Bob Dylan. She also recorded her own versions of important songs from the period, such as Dylan's "Mr. Tambourine Man", Ian Tyson's "Someday Soon", and Pete Seeger's "Turn, Turn, Turn". Collins eventually started writing her own songs, several of which became hits both for herself and for other artists.
The Smothers Brothers, composed of Tom and Dick Smothers, used comedy to promote folk music on their CBS-TV variety series (1967–1969), along with social protest against the Vietnam War et al. They had many notable music guests such as blacklisted folk singer Pete Seeger.
Gallery
Other performers
Eric Andersen
Leon Bibb
David Blue
David Bromberg
Bud & Travis
Guy Carawan
Johnny Cash
Harry Chapin
Sam Charters
Guy Clark
Paul Clayton
John Cohen
Leonard Cohen
Shawn Colvin
Elizabeth Cotten
Karen Dalton
Barbara Dane
Erik Darling
John Denver
Donovan
Ramblin' Jack Elliott
Logan English
Even Dozen Jug Band
Mimi Fariña
Richard Fariña
Jackson C. Frank
The Freedom Singers
Gale Garnett
Gateway Singers
Bob Gibson
Cynthia Gooding
The Greenbriar Boys
David Grisman
Stefan Grossman
John P. Hammond
Tim Hardin
Richie Havens
Lee Hays
John Herald
Carolyn Hester
Joe Hickerson
The Highwaymen (folk band)
David Holt (musician)
The Holy Modal Rounders
Cisco Houston
Janis Ian
Skip James
Joe and Eddie
Lisa Kindred
Kossoy Sisters
Peter La Farge
Bruce Langhorne
Gordon Lightfoot
The Lovin' Spoonful
Ewan MacColl
Ed McCurdy
Roger McGuinn
Maria Muldaur
Geoff Muldaur
Jo Mapes
Joni Mitchell
Bob Neuwirth
New Lost City Ramblers
Tom Paxton
Malvina Reynolds
Fritz Richmond
Gil Robbins
The Rooftop Singers
Dick Rosmini
Tom Rush
Tony Saletan
John Sebastian
Mike Seeger
Peggy Seeger
The Serendipity Singers
Simon & Garfunkel
Patrick Sky
Rosalie Sorrels
The Tarriers
Artie Traum
Happy Traum
Ian and Sylvia
Eric Von Schmidt
The Washington Squares
Doc Watson
Gillian Welch
Hedy West
Robin and Linda Williams
Glenn Yarborough
Managers
Albert Grossman
Harold Leventhal
Victor Maymudes
Fred Weintraub
Frank Werber
Venues
The Bitter End
Cafe Au Go Go
Caffè Lena
Cafe Wha?
Calliope: Pittsburgh Folk Music Society
Club Passim
Eighth Step Coffee House
Gate of Horn
Gerdes Folk City
The Gaslight Cafe
Hungry i
The Ice House (comedy club)
The Main Point
The Purple Onion
Shaker Village Work Group
The Tin Angel
The Troubadour
Village Vanguard
Periodicals
Broadside
People's Songs
Sing Out!
See also
American folk music
Anthology of American Folk Music
British folk revival
Contemporary folk music
Festival
Folk club
Folk music
Folk rock
Folkways Records
Hootenanny (U.S. TV series)
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
A Mighty Wind
Newport Folk Festival
New Weird America
No Direction Home
A Prairie Home Companion
Protest songs in the United States
Roots revival
Notes
Bibliography
Cantwell, Robert. When We Were Good: The Folk Revival. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996.
Cohen, Ronald D., Folk music: the basics, Routledge, 2006.
Cohen, Ronald D., A history of folk music festivals in the United States, Scarecrow Press, 2008
Cohen, Ronald D. Rainbow Quest: The Folk Music Revival & American Society, 1940–1970. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2002.
Cohen, Ronald D., ed. Wasn't That a Time? Firsthand Accounts of the Folk Music Revival. American Folk Music Series no. 4. Lanham, Maryland and Folkestone, UK: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. 1995.
Cohen, Ronald D., and Dave Samuelson. Songs for Political Action. Booklet to Bear Family Records BCD 15720 JL, 1996.
Cray, Ed, and Studs Terkel. Ramblin Man: The Life and Times of Woody Guthrie. W.W. Norton & Co., 2006.
Cunningham, Agnes "Sis", and Gordon Friesen. Red Dust and Broadsides: A Joint Autobiography. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1999.
De Turk, David A.; Poulin, A., Jr., The American folk scene; dimensions of the folksong revival, New York : Dell Pub. Co., 1967
Denisoff, R. Serge. Great Day Coming: Folk Music and the American Left. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971.
Denisoff, R. Serge. Sing Me a Song of Social Significance. Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1972.
Denning, Michael. The Cultural Front: The Laboring of American Culture in the Twentieth Century. London: Verso, 1996.
Donaldson, Rachel Clare, Music for the People: the Folk Music Revival And American Identity, 1930–1970, PhD Dissertation, Vanderbilt University, May 2011, Nashville, Tennessee
Dunaway, David. How Can I Keep From Singing: The Ballad of Pete Seeger. [1981, 1990] Villard, 2008.
Eyerman, Ron, and Scott Barretta. "From the 30s to the 60s: The folk Music Revival in the United States". Theory and Society: 25 (1996): 501–43.
Eyerman, Ron, and Andrew Jamison. Music and Social Movements. Mobilizing Traditions in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Filene, Benjamin. Romancing the Folk: Public Memory & American Roots Music. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
Goldsmith, Peter D. Making People's Music: Moe Asch and Folkways Records. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1998.
Hajdu, David. Positively 4th Street: The Lives and Times of Joan Baez, Bob Dylan, Mimi Baez Fariña and Richard Fariña. New York: North Point Press, 2001.
Hawes, Bess Lomax. Sing It Pretty. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2008
Jackson, Bruce, ed. Folklore and Society. Essay in Honor of Benjamin A. Botkin. Hatboro, Pa Folklore Associates, 1966
Lieberman, Robbie. "My Song Is My Weapon:" People's Songs, American Communism, and the Politics of Culture, 1930–50. 1989; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1995.
Lomax, Alan, Woody Guthrie, and Pete Seeger, eds. Hard Hit Songs for Hard Hit People. New York: Oak Publications, 1967. Reprint, Lincoln University of Nebraska Press, 1999.
Lynch, Timothy. Strike Song of the Depression (American Made Music Series). Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2001.
Mitchell, Gillian, The North American folk music revival: nation and identity in the United States and Canada, 1945–1980, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2007
Reuss, Richard, with [finished posthumously by] Joanne C. Reuss. American Folk Music and Left Wing Politics. 1927–1957. American Folk Music Series no. 4. Lanham, Maryland and Folkestone, UK: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. 2000.
Rubeck, Jack; Shaw, Allan; Blake, Ben et al. The Kingston Trio On Record. Naperville, IL: KK, Inc, 1986.
Scully, Michael F. The Never-Ending Revival: Rounder Records and the Folk Alliance. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.
Seeger, Pete. Where Have All the Flowers Gone: A Singer's Stories. Bethlehem, Pa.: Sing Out Publications, 1993.
"The Smothers Brothers". The Sixties in America Reference Library. Encyclopedia.com. 6 Apr. 2021 <Encyclopedia.com | Free Online Encyclopedia>.
Willens, Doris. Lonesome Traveler: The Life of Lee Hays. New York: Norton, 1988.
Weissman, Dick. Which Side Are You On? An Inside History of the Folk Music Revival in America. New York: Continuum, 2005.
Wolfe, Charles, and Kip Lornell. The Life and Legend of Leadbelly. New York: Da Capo [1992] 1999.
External links
Folk Music Revival. American Folklife Center. Library of Congress.
National Folklife Festival
Field Recorders Collective – a collection of CDs of American traditional styles; Appalachian, fiddling, banjo, Cajun, Gospel from private collections now made available to the public
"Blowin in the Wind: Pop discovers folk music" Part 1. Show 18 of John Gilliland's The Pop Chronicles, Digital Library of the University of North Texas. The story of the origins of the American Folk Revival is narrated by Arlo Guthrie, Pete Seeger, Nick Reynolds of The Kingston Trio, Roger McGuinn of The Byrds, with satirist Stan Freberg (as a bongo-playing 1950s beatnik). It features Lead Belly, The Almanac Singers, Woody Guthrie, Harry Belafonte, and The Kingston Trio. In it, Pete Seeger is heard repeatedly crediting Alan Lomax as the most important figure in initiating the American folk revival by taking folk music out of the archives and "giving it to singers". Nick Reynolds and Roger McGuinn credit The Weavers and the labor songs of the Almanac Singers as the inspiration for The Kingston Trio and The Byrds. The role of Time magazine in asserting distinctions between pop versus "purist" folk music is also discussed. See also the continuation of this show "Blowin in the Wind: Pop discovers folk music" Part 2 Show 19, featuring Odetta, The Limeliters, The Brothers Four, Peter Paul and Mary, Glenn Yarbrough, Buffy Sainte-Marie, Judy Collins, and Joan Baez.
The Historyscoper
The Folk File: A Folkie's Dictionary by Bill Markwick (1945–2017) – musical definitions and short biographies for American and U.K. Folk musicians and groups. Retrieved August 9, 2017.
Revival
Retro-style music
|
Bagley is a small and rural village in the parish of Hordley, Shropshire, England.
The nearest towns are Ellesmere, Wem and Oswestry, though the village is remote from these. Nearby is Baggy Moor and the River Perry.
External links
Hamlets in Shropshire
|
```python
import pytest
class TestSha256sum:
@pytest.mark.complete("sha256sum --", require_longopt=True)
def test_options(self, completion):
assert completion
@pytest.mark.complete("sha256sum ", cwd="sha256sum")
def test_summing(self, completion):
assert completion == "foo"
@pytest.mark.complete("sha256sum -c ", cwd="sha256sum")
def test_checking(self, completion):
assert completion == "foo.sha256"
```
|
```objective-c
//your_sha256_hash------------
// Anti-Grain Geometry (AGG) - Version 2.5
// A high quality rendering engine for C++
// Contact: mcseem@antigrain.com
// mcseemagg@yahoo.com
// path_to_url
//
// AGG is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
//
// AGG is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
//
// along with AGG; if not, write to the Free Software
// Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
// MA 02110-1301, USA.
//your_sha256_hash------------
#ifndef AGG_CONV_SMOOTH_POLY1_INCLUDED
#define AGG_CONV_SMOOTH_POLY1_INCLUDED
#include "agg_basics.h"
#include "agg_vcgen_smooth_poly1.h"
#include "agg_conv_adaptor_vcgen.h"
#include "agg_conv_curve.h"
namespace agg
{
//your_sha256_hashth_poly1
template<class VertexSource>
struct conv_smooth_poly1 :
public conv_adaptor_vcgen<VertexSource, vcgen_smooth_poly1>
{
typedef conv_adaptor_vcgen<VertexSource, vcgen_smooth_poly1> base_type;
conv_smooth_poly1(VertexSource& vs) :
conv_adaptor_vcgen<VertexSource, vcgen_smooth_poly1>(vs)
{
}
void smooth_value(double v) { base_type::generator().smooth_value(v); }
double smooth_value() const { return base_type::generator().smooth_value(); }
private:
conv_smooth_poly1(const conv_smooth_poly1<VertexSource>&);
const conv_smooth_poly1<VertexSource>&
operator = (const conv_smooth_poly1<VertexSource>&);
};
//your_sha256_hashy1_curve
template<class VertexSource>
struct conv_smooth_poly1_curve :
public conv_curve<conv_smooth_poly1<VertexSource> >
{
conv_smooth_poly1_curve(VertexSource& vs) :
conv_curve<conv_smooth_poly1<VertexSource> >(m_smooth),
m_smooth(vs)
{
}
void smooth_value(double v) { m_smooth.generator().smooth_value(v); }
double smooth_value() const { return m_smooth.generator().smooth_value(); }
private:
conv_smooth_poly1_curve(const conv_smooth_poly1_curve<VertexSource>&);
const conv_smooth_poly1_curve<VertexSource>&
operator = (const conv_smooth_poly1_curve<VertexSource>&);
conv_smooth_poly1<VertexSource> m_smooth;
};
}
#endif
```
|
Scott Wills (born 1971) is a New Zealand actor who has starred in several films and has also appeared on television and theatre. He won twice the prize of the best actor in New Zealand film and television awards.
Life and career
Wills studied at Massey University in Palmerston North and completed a Bachelor of Arts in English and Media Studies in 1992. Then he attended the Toi Whakaari for two years, graduation with a Diploma in Acting in 1994. He had his start on television in 1992 with an appearance in the soap opera Shortland Street, playing Philip Cotton, who had an obsession with Alison Raynor. In 1997, he was awarded the Chapman Tripp Best Newcomer award for his role in Mojo.
In 2000, he is named for New Zealand Film Award of the best actor in a supporting role for his role in the romantic comedy Hopeless. In 2001 he starred in his first major film, Stickmen, a comedy that achieved commercial success in New Zealand and for which he won the New Zealand Film Award of the best actor. He returned to television in different TV series and, in 2006, he co-starred in Perfect Creature. In 2008, he won his second New Zealand Film Award for best actor for his role in Apron Strings, a familial drama. In 2009, he played the Head of Security of a mysterious cult in the TV series The Cult. In 2013, he staged his first play, Bus Stop.
Filmography
Film
1997 - The Ugly as Simon's victim
2000 - Hopeless as Phil
2001 - Stickmen as Wayne
2005 - Boogeyman as Co-worker
2006 - Perfect Creature as Det. Jones
2008 - Apron Strings as Barry
TV work
1992 - Shortland Street - Philip Cotton
1999 - Duggan - Const. Kendrick
2002 - Street Legal - Johnny Watts
2004 - Power Rangers Dino Thunder - Termitetron (voice)
2005 - Interrogation - Detective Constable Terry Skinner
2006 - Doves of War (mini-series) - Brad McKecknie
2008 - Burying Brian - Warren
2008 - Legend of the Seeker - Briggs
2009 - The Cult - Saul
2010 - Stolen (TV movie) - Detective Inspector Stuart Wildon
2011 - Underbelly NZ: Land Of The Long Green Cloud - Detective Clive Pilborough
2012 - Safe House (TV movie) - D.C Lewis
2013 - Power Rangers Megaforce - Distractor/Rico the Robot (voices)
2015 - Power Rangers Dino Charge - Gold Digger (voice)
2016 - Power Rangers Dino Super Charge - Spell Digger/Gold Digger (voices)
2018 - Power Rangers Super Ninja Steel - Putrid (voice)
References
External links
1971 births
Living people
New Zealand male film actors
New Zealand male television actors
New Zealand male soap opera actors
20th-century New Zealand male actors
21st-century New Zealand male actors
Toi Whakaari alumni
|
```smalltalk
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Volo.Abp.DependencyInjection;
using Volo.Abp.Guids;
using Volo.Abp.Identity;
using IdentityUser = Volo.Abp.Identity.IdentityUser;
namespace Volo.Abp.Account;
public class AbpAccountTestDataBuilder : ITransientDependency
{
private readonly IGuidGenerator _guidGenerator;
private readonly IIdentityUserRepository _userRepository;
private readonly AccountTestData _testData;
public AbpAccountTestDataBuilder(
AccountTestData testData,
IGuidGenerator guidGenerator,
IIdentityUserRepository userRepository)
{
_testData = testData;
_guidGenerator = guidGenerator;
_userRepository = userRepository;
}
public async Task Build()
{
await AddUsers();
}
private async Task AddUsers()
{
var john = new IdentityUser(_testData.UserJohnId, "john.nash", "john.nash@abp.io");
john.AddLogin(new UserLoginInfo("github", "john", "John Nash"));
john.AddLogin(new UserLoginInfo("twitter", "johnx", "John Nash"));
john.AddClaim(_guidGenerator, new Claim("TestClaimType", "42"));
john.SetToken("test-provider", "test-name", "test-value");
await _userRepository.InsertAsync(john);
}
}
```
|
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