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where $\mathrm e$ and $0$ indicate nozzle exit and free stream, $A_\mathrm e$ is the nozzle exit area, and $F$ is thrust, the force on the vehicle.
There are three terms on the right side, and as far as I understand it, the derivation of the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation in a vacuum uses only the first term.
If you had t... | CommonCrawl |
When do you use a chi-squared test?
The chi-squared test is a statistical test that you can use to test if there are differences across groups of categorical data. There are two general settings where the chi-squared test is appropriate. In the first setting, you are interested in knowing whether two categorical variab... | CommonCrawl |
We'll use this page to keep track of what has happened each day in class. It won't contain any of the nitty-gritty details, but will instead serve to summarize what has transpired each day.
Monday, August 27: First day! The first few minutes of class were devoted to me attempting to learn names. I think I got them all!... | CommonCrawl |
For questions related to permutations, which can be viewed as re-ordering a collection of objects.
5 digits numbers such that when the sum of digits divided by 4 leaves remainder 2.
Odds of two runners ending up with the same average rank across multiple races?
A knight is placed in a corner of an $8\times8$ chessboard... | CommonCrawl |
Given sunrise, noon, sunset, longitude and latitude can I calculate the "hight" or "ascension" of the sun?
I'm trying to make a simple app for my own use to be able to check which of my favorit restaurants have outdoor seating sun and for how long etc.
Given the data in the title (sunrise, noon, sunset, longitude and l... | CommonCrawl |
If you walk through a big city and try to find your way around, you might try asking people for directions. However, asking $n$ people for directions might result in $n$ different sets of directions. But you believe in the law of averages: if you consider everyone's advice, then you will have a good idea of where to go... | CommonCrawl |
$X$ is a matrix which has m rows and n columns, that means it is a $m \times n$ matrix, represents for training set.
$\theta$ is a $1 \times n$ vector, stands for hypothesis parameter.
$y$ is a $m \times 1$ vector, stands for real value of training set.
$\alpha$ named learning rate for defining learning or descending s... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract: After developing the basic theory of locally cartesian localizations of presentable locally cartesian closed infinity-categories, we establish the representability of equivalences and show that univalent families, in the sense of Voevodsky, form a poset isomorphic to the poset of bounded local classes, in the... | CommonCrawl |
About Us: Pacific Solutions is an IT department for small businesses and personal computer users. We build systems, provide repair services for both desktops and notebooks, and provide onsite support services for wired and wireless networks. By providing direct support from server to desktop, Pacific Solutions finds th... | CommonCrawl |
The key observation is that mountain $i$ is occluded by mountain $j$ (i.e. its peak is lies on the shape of mountain $j$) if and only if $x_i - y_i \geq x_j - y_j$ and $x_i + y_i \leq x_j + y_j$: that is, the base of mountain $i$ (the interval $[x_i-y_i, x_i + y_i]$) is contained in the base of mountain $j$.
First supp... | CommonCrawl |
Interactive graphics is an emerging area within R. There are many libraries available to make interactive visualizations, however most of these libraries are still quite new. In this sub-module we will give a brief overview of shiny, a web application framework within R for building interactive web pages. Using shiny w... | CommonCrawl |
In the following definition, I am denoting the condition that $a$ is not an integral multiple of $b$. Why is there such a big space between $b$ and the vertical bar with a slash through it?
respectively, in the division of $a$ by $b$. If $r \neq 0$, $a$ is not divisible by $b$.
The indivisibility of $a$ by $b$ is denot... | CommonCrawl |
As part of my somewhat regular programming practice, I've recently looked at the maximum subarray problem. Basically, the problem goes like this: given an array of $N$ integers, find the greatest sum of contiguous elements. According to Wikipedia, the problem was first posed in 1977, with a solution of $O(N \log N)$. A... | CommonCrawl |
We present STM data on the Charge Density Wave (CDW) in the Rare Earth Tri-Telluride TbTe$_3$. Topography scans as large as 250$\times$250 $\AA^2$ were taken with voltage bias as high as 0.8 Volt. Fourier analysis shows an incommensurate unidirectional modulation with wave-vector q $\approx$ 0.71 a*. The topographic sc... | CommonCrawl |
Note: We'll only consider norms and metrics on Vector Spaces for this post.
Metrics and Norms sound very related. A norm gives a notion of length for a vector. A metric gives a notion of distance between vectors.
From norm to metric: The nature of vector spaces implies that there exists one vector between any two vecto... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract: The $A(\inft)$-algebra structure in homology of a DG-algebra is constructed. This structure is unique up to isomorphism of $A(\infty)$ algebras. Connection of this structure with Massey products is indicated. The notion of $A(\infty)$-module over an $A(\infty)$-algebra is introduced and such a structure is co... | CommonCrawl |
does the misfolding spread directly through a physical template (as is the case in prion diseases) or indirectly by altering the conditions in the endoplasmic reticulum e.g. through mitochondrial dysfunction?
In the former case, there is no other way to intervene than to attack the misfolded proteins directly, as all o... | CommonCrawl |
Now we don't need to consider $1\times 1$, $1\times 2$, or $2\times 2$ any longer as we have found the smallest rectangle tilable with copies of V plus copies of each of those three.
There are at least 20 more solutions. I tagged it 'computer-puzzle' but you can certainly work some of these out by hand. The larger ones... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract : We show central limit theorems (CLT) for the Stieltjes transforms or more general analytic functions of symmetric matrices with independent heavy tailed entries, including entries in the domain of attraction of $\alpha$-stable laws and entries with moments exploding with the dimension, as in the adjacency ma... | CommonCrawl |
[$q$] [$100-r$] [$u-s$] [$23$] [$p$] [$12$][$r$] [$t$].
The multiple $p\times q\times r\times s\times t\times u\times k$ does not have any of $p,q,r,s,t,u$ or $k$.
Possible values are: $p=23$, $q = 31$, $r = 16$, $s = 25$, $t = 37$, $u = 54$, and $k = 13$. Each of the values exist within brackets, so they need to be in... | CommonCrawl |
A 4 × 4 grid is filled in, with each of the 16 squares colored either black or white. Two colorings are regarded as identical if one can be converted to each other by performing any combination of flipping, rotating, or swapping the two colors (flipping all the black squares to white and vice versa). How many non-ident... | CommonCrawl |
I was proud of this idea, as it was probably the best early research idea I've come up with.
I became very interested in matrices and linear algebra after reading a paper on modelling origami using rotation and translation matrices (Belcastro and Hull, 2012). I began to play with expressing all kinds of things as matri... | CommonCrawl |
In this talk we will discuss modification of bosonic string for piecewise flat metrics. Standard approach to bosonic string developed by Polyakov (Belavin and Knizhnik) is based on integration over infinite space of Rimenian metrics on the surface. Semidirect product of the diffeomorphism group and of the conformal gro... | CommonCrawl |
Do gauge bosons really exist or are they only a mathematical model? Have we ever detected them?
Photons, which are gauge bosons, are absorbed by the retina and cause impulses in the optic nerve. In a very dark room, the eye can detect small numbers of photons. Researchers argue about how few, but you don't have to have... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract: In applications it is common that the exact form of a conditional expectation is unknown and having flexible functional forms can lead to improvements. Series method offers that by approximating the unknown function based on $k$ basis functions, where $k$ is allowed to grow with the sample size $n$. We consid... | CommonCrawl |
It is known that addition of a non-volatile solute to a volatile solvent(liquid) to give a solution reduces the Vapour Pressure of the solution (well solvent actually as only solvent is volatile).
This leads to the Elevation of Boiling Point and "Deppresion" of Freezing Point.
I am clear with elevation of BP. But it is... | CommonCrawl |
If $\alpha = (1352)$ and $\delta = (256)$ then $\alpha \centerdot \delta = (1652)(34)$.
Can someone explain this to me. I don't see a 4 in $\alpha$ or $\beta$, so how can it be in the product of the two?
Hey sarah, we found the example that they were trying to write. The answer they have was a product of alpha, and a d... | CommonCrawl |
Azmy S. Ackleh, Linda J. S. Allen. Competitive exclusion in SIS and SIR epidemic models with total cross immunity and density-dependent host mortality. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2005, 5(2): 175-188. doi: 10.3934\/dcdsb.2005.5.175.
E. Audusse. A multilayer Saint-Venant model: Derivation and numerical ... | CommonCrawl |
Strong evidence is presented for the localization of low energy quasiparticle states in disordered $d$-wave superconductors. Within the framework of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) theory applied to the extended Hubbard model with a finite concentration of non-magnetic impurities, we carry out a fully self-consistent nu... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract: The top quark mass and the flavor mixing are studied in the context of a Seesaw model of Quark Masses based on the gauge group $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times U(1)$. Six isosinglet quarks are introduced to give rise to the mass hierarchy of ordinary quarks. In this scheme, we reexamine a mechanism for the gene... | CommonCrawl |
We study properties of operators which are left-inverses to the operator of multiplication by an independent variable in the space $\mathcal H (G)$ of functions that are analytic in an arbitrary domain $G$. This space is endowed with topology of compact convergence. A description of cyclic elements for such operators i... | CommonCrawl |
This is a puzzle that was a fad when I was back in school. (It's not sooo long ago, but way before Smartphones with AngryBirds or DoodleJump came up...). For quite a while, everybody was scribbling this instead of paying attention in class. It is somehow addicting ("This can't be so hard..."), and can be played everywh... | CommonCrawl |
Complex, contact, Riemannian, pseudo-Riemannian and Finsler geometry, relativity, gauge theory, global analysis.
Are normal coordinates the same as Cartesian coordinates in flat space?
Is the Frenet frame is independent of the choices of parameters?
What does the torsion-free condition for a connection mean in terms of... | CommonCrawl |
This is an introductory talk on 3-manifold topology, with a focus on constructive methods.
In this talk, we introduce the BV formalism, and then construct cohomology classes in negative degrees in a toy model with supergravity.
I'll start by giving a gentle introduction to $A$-infinity algebras and their Hochschild coc... | CommonCrawl |
This section explains how to import your terrain into Unreal Engine.
When you have completed your terrain, export it using the file format Raw16, which is the optimal format according to EPIC. In this example, we have created a simple 2048x2048 terrain.
In Unreal Engine, click on the Landscape icon and import your heig... | CommonCrawl |
Structural Characterization of Beta Carbonic Anhydrases From Higher Plants.
It is the goal of this dissertation research to reveal some aspects of the physical nature of spinach carbonic anhydrase as a representative $\beta$CA using the techniques of sequence comparison, molecular biology, and biophysics. Though both $... | CommonCrawl |
Practice is one of the best methods of learning a new language and its idioms. Since HackerRank recently released a new category problems, Functional Programming, I decided to learn Scala by first studying its functional aspects.
Although the problems are easy, introductory problems still have potential to demonstrate ... | CommonCrawl |
What is the difference between the three terms below?
Percentiles go from $0$ to $100$.
Quartiles go from $1$ to $4$ (or $0$ to $4$).
Quantiles can go from anything to anything.
Percentiles and quartiles are examples of quantiles.
percentile: a measure used in statistics indicating the value below which a given percent... | CommonCrawl |
I would use some graph paper and plot a few points. For example if $x = 0$ then $y = 2 \times 0 - 1 = -1$ and hence $(0, -1)$ is on the graph. Now try $x = 1.$ When $x = 1, y = 2 \times 1 - 1 = 1$ and hence $(1, 1)$ is on the graph.
Plot a few more points. For example $x = 2, x = -1$ and a few more. What do you think i... | CommonCrawl |
Zero-term rank of a matrix is the minimum number of lines (rows or columns) needed to cover all the zero entries of the given matrix. We characterize the linear operators that preserve zero-term rank of the $m \times n$ real matrices. We also obtain combinatorial equivalent condition for the zero-term rank of a real ma... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract: In order to build a large scale quantum computer, one must be able to correct errors extremely fast. We design a fast decoding algorithm for topological codes to correct for Pauli errors and erasure and combination of both errors and erasure. Our algorithm has a worst case complexity of $O(n \alpha(n))$, wher... | CommonCrawl |
Here, we study the vacua of an $$SU(3)\times SU(3)$$-symmetric model with a bifundamental scalar. Structures of this type appear in various gauge theories such as the Renormalizable Coloron Model, which is an extension of QCD, or the Trinification extension of the electroweak group. In other contexts, such as chiral sy... | CommonCrawl |
I was watching a lecture where the professor was describing the mathematics of the ancient Greeks and said they had division because "that's just fancy subtraction." That line got me thinking because it doesn't seem to be quite true. Multiplication is certainly "fancy addition" because you can turn the equation 3 x 5 =... | CommonCrawl |
Despite the outstanding success of deep neural networks in real-world applications, most of the related research is empirically driven and a mathematical foundation is almost completely missing. One central task of a neural network is to approximate a function, which for instance encodes a classification task. In this ... | CommonCrawl |
This project examines the effect of subway delays upon taxi ridership. We combined publicly available data on subway delays and taxi pickups, which were spatially joined using a subway station shapefile. We had assumed that subway delays would yield higher taxi ridership as some subway riders shifted their preference t... | CommonCrawl |
We consider the problem of variable group selection for least squares regression, namely, that of selecting groups of variables for best regression performance, leveraging and adhering to a natural grouping structure within the explanatory variables. We show that this problem can be efficiently addressed by using a cer... | CommonCrawl |
The main results announced in this note are an asymptotic expansion for ergodic integrals of translation flows on flat surfaces of higher genus (Theorem 1) and a limit theorem for such flows (Theorem 2). Given an abelian differential on a compact oriented surface, consider the space $\mathfrak B^+$ of Hölder cocycles o... | CommonCrawl |
A rough analytical expression for the Milky Way's radial mass distribution?
I found the image below in Space.com's article This 3D Color Map of 1.7 Billion Stars in the Milky Way Is the Best Ever Made, although it is not the map mentioned in the title.
If you imagine a band along the galactic equator the dominant veloc... | CommonCrawl |
Let $J$ be the $n \times n$ Jordan block corresponding to the eigen value $1$. For any natural number $r$ is it true that the minimal polynomial for $J^r$ is $(X-1)^n$ ?
Another way to think about it to produce a cyclic vector of $J^r$. I can't prove it. I need some help. Thanks.
Hint: write $J=I+N$ where $N$ is the sh... | CommonCrawl |
have compact closure in $Y$.
Now I do not see why the Hausdorff condition on $X$ should be necessary? Why include it then? Am I maybe even missing something here (and there are counterexamples)?
btw if you are looking up the proof: Hausdorffness is needed for the evaluation map $e: X \times \mathcal C(X,Y) \to Y, \, e(... | CommonCrawl |
"Buckling Eigenvalues for a Clamped Plate Embedded in an Elastic Medium" by Bernhard Kawohl, Howard A. Levine et al.
This paper considers the dependence of the sum of the first m eigenvalues of three classical problems from linear elasticity on a physical parameter in the equation. The paper also considers eigenvalues ... | CommonCrawl |
Make a list of the square numbers up to $8\times 8$.
Using the interactivity might help you get started. Don't forget you can always change your mind and alter your solution as you go along!
Practical Activity. Trial and improvement. Addition & subtraction. Compound transformations. Visualising. Games. Interactivities.... | CommonCrawl |
Quantum annealing is an optimization protocol that, thanks to quantum tunneling, allows in given circumstances to maximize/minimize a given function more efficiently than classical optimization algorithms.
A crucial point of quantum annealing is the adiabaticity of the algorithm, which is required for the state to stay... | CommonCrawl |
I sketched four vertical asymptotes and a sketch showed that a function which decayed to zero from above at $x \rightarrow \pm \infty$ could have the right sorts of properties.
This worked: it has a turning point at $x$ between $-2$ and $-1$ another turning point at $x$ between $1$ and $2$ and a turning point at $x=0$.... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract. A Borg-type uniqueness theorem for matrix-valued Schr\"odinger operators is proved. More precisely, assuming a reflectionless potential matrix and spectrum a half-line $[0,\infty)$, we derive triviality of the potential matrix. Our approach is based on trace formulas and matrix-valued Herglotz representation ... | CommonCrawl |
The statistical comparison of competing algorithms is a fundamental task in machine learning. It is usually carried out by means of a null hypothesis significance test (nhst). Yet, nhst has many well-known drawbacks. For instance, nhst can either reject the null hypothesis or fail to reject it. It cannot verify the nul... | CommonCrawl |
Concept of atoms and molecules; Dalton's atomic theory; Mole concept; Chemical formulae; Balanced chemical equations; Calculations (based on mole concept) involving common oxidation-reduction, neutralisation, and displacement reactions; Concentration in terms of mole fraction, molarity,molality and normality.
Law of pa... | CommonCrawl |
Self-reference is (too?) common in real life, as many of our sentences begin with I. Talking to persons who abuse of self-references can be tiring. And in mathematics, watching at self-referencing objects has turned into a nightmare, starting with British mathematician Bertrand Russell. In 1901, based on a reasoning on... | CommonCrawl |
Xiaoling Sun, Song Wang. Preface. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2009, 5(1): i-ii. doi: 10.3934\/jimo.2009.5.1i.
Y. Gong, X. Xiang. A class of optimal control problems of systemsgoverned by the first order linear dynamic equations on time scales. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2009, ... | CommonCrawl |
Format: MarkdownItexThere is a similar "recursive" idea in Kontsevich's definition of $(\infty,n)$-categories which he used at the end of 1990s. Unfortunately, it has never been published. I heard one exposition of it, but did not keep much notes.
There is a similar "recursive" idea in Kontsevich's definition of (∞,n)(... | CommonCrawl |
We look at I-V characteristic curves for 3 different diodes in butterfly package using the Koheron CTL200 digital laser controller (type 1, 600 mA laser current). The laser controller is connected to the computer via an USB cable. A Python script sets the laser temperature, scans the laser current and measures the lase... | CommonCrawl |
We now show that if $f$ is a bounded function that is also a Lebesgue measurable function defined on a Lebesgue measurable set $E$ with $m(E) < \infty$ then $f$ is Lebesgue integrable on $E$.
Theorem 1: Let $f$ be a bounded, Lebesgue measurable function defined on a Lebesgue measurable set $E$ with $m(E) < \infty$. The... | CommonCrawl |
Is there a homology theory that gives a *necessary and sufficient* condition for homotopy equivalence?
Let $X,Y$ be manifolds with complexes $C(X),C(Y)$. Then $X$ and $Y$ are homotopy-equivalent if and only if $C(X)$ and $C(Y)$ are isomorphic.
Let $X,Y$ be manifolds with complexes $C(X),C(Y)$. Let $f:X\to Y$ be a conti... | CommonCrawl |
"If a coin is tossed, what is the chance that it lands heads?" Ask this question and the most common answer that you will get is $1/2$. If you press for a reason, don't be surprised to hear, "Because the coin has two faces." A coin does indeed have two faces, but notice an assumption hidden inside the "reasoning" you h... | CommonCrawl |
I have $(x_1, y_1), (x_2, y_2)$.
How do I find the point that's $d$ distance away from $(x_1, y_1)$ on a straight line to $(x_2, y_2)$?
I know I can get the length of the line with Pythagoras. I know if I drew a circle I could use the radius as distance and the point would be where the line and the circle intersect.
Co... | CommonCrawl |
This project uses interactive widgets and visualizations to explore some of the mathematical tools used to analyze electoral redistricting, especially the question of detecting gerrymanders. We use very small examples to develop and demonstrate some techniques.
The nation of Gridlandia is trying to draw voting district... | CommonCrawl |
I noticed that the contest-math tag was added to many questions recently, even to questions which do not mention any connection to a mathematics competition.
Problems from or inspired by mathematics competitions. Questions regarding mathematics competitions.
My questions are: Should contest-math be added to questions r... | CommonCrawl |
Where does one go to learn about DG-algebras?
The theory of differential graded algebras (in char 0) and their modules has numerous applications in rational homotopy theory as well as algebraic geometry.
I'm looking for a reasonably complete reference book/collection of articles that treat the basic algebraic and homot... | CommonCrawl |
Turnablock is a very simple game for two players invented by John Conway. It is played on a 3 by 3 square board with 9 counters that are black on one side and white on the other.
The counters are placed on the board at random, one per square, except that the majority must be black uppermost.
Players take turns to rever... | CommonCrawl |
A set is transitive if and only if all of its elements are subsets.
If $A$ is transitive, then if $x$ and $A$ are connected somehow by membership (that is, $x \in y \in z \ldots \in A$), then $x \in A$.
The intersection of two transitive sets is transitive.
In set theory, transitive sets play an important role in model... | CommonCrawl |
The complexity of a learning task is increased by transformations in the input space that preserve class identity. Visual object recognition for example is affected by changes in viewpoint, scale, illumination or planar transformations. While drastically altering the visual appearance, these changes are orthogonal to r... | CommonCrawl |
We substituted the term $t(x)$ for $y$ in the expression $P(y)$. This is completely obvious and it gets used all the time. For example, whenever we say something like "$2 x + 1$ is even", we have substituted the expression $2 x + 1$ for $y$ in the predicate $\exists z . y = 2 z$, where all variables range over integers... | CommonCrawl |
Given an arbitrary convex cone of $\mathbb R^n$, we find a geometric class of homogeneous weights for which balls centered at the origin and intersected with the cone are minimizers of the weighted isoperimetric problem in the convex cone. This leads to isoperimetric inequalities with the optimal constant that were unk... | CommonCrawl |
titre =About equilibirum states at temperature zero.
The study of ergodic optimization is relatively new (about 10 years ago). It is of course more developed for the uniformly hyperbolic settings than for the non-uniformly one, because the notion of equilibrium state is better understand in that first case.
I will reca... | CommonCrawl |
Last edited by TobiWan; November 18th, 2016 at 08:36 AM.
$x_1 = 0\ and\ x_2 = 1$.
So if I understand the problem, which I may well not, the proposition is false and cannot be proved.
Last edited by TobiWan; November 19th, 2016 at 03:35 AM.
I see. I badly misread the original problem. I apologize.
Do I have the problem ... | CommonCrawl |
Find a path between the top left corner to the bottom right corner, visiting each spot (.) exactly once. You can only move horizontally or vertically.
There are mul olutions for a 5x5 grid, 7x7, and so on.
But for a 2x2, 4x4, 6x6, and higher n x n (where n is even), this does not seem to yield any solution.
Imagine the... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract: Using similarities between topological $K$-theory and periodic cyclic homology we show that, after tensoring with $\mathbb C$, for certain Fréchet algebras the Chern character provides an isomorphism between these functors. This is applied to prove that the Hecke algebra and the Schwartz algebra of a reductiv... | CommonCrawl |
Meet Kayla and Sam. They are at the fair and are deciding on how to spend their money on the different attractions.
They want to ride all the rides. The price is 8 dollars per ticket per rollercoaster. They definitely also want to ride the ferris wheel together at least once. The price for the ferris wheel is 5 dollars... | CommonCrawl |
We present three-dimensional threefold-coordinated structures for iridates which may generate Kitaev-type magnetic exchanges. The resulting solvable 3D quantum spin liquid exhibits the uniquely 3D property of stability to finite temperature ($T_c \sim J_k/100$). Adding Heisenberg couplings spoils exact solubility; howe... | CommonCrawl |
Which is faster and by how much, a linear search of only 1000 elements on a 5-GHz computer or a binary search of 1 million elements on a 1-GHz computer. Assume that the execution of each instruction on the 5-GHz computer is five times ... 1-GHz computer and that each iteration of the linear search algorithm is twice as... | CommonCrawl |
GABA$_A$ receptor has different binding sites for different molecules. It contains total 16 subunits ($\alpha (1-6)$, $\beta (1-3)$, $\gamma (1-3)$, $\delta$, $\varepsilon$, $\pi$, $\theta$). Benzodiazepine I site is located between $\alpha$, and $\gamma$ subunits and benzodiazepine II site either $\alpha 2$, $\alpha 3... | CommonCrawl |
I need to define parameters such that in the matrix 'i'th component is 'Lambda' and 'j'th component is corresponding 'Neff' value.
How is that possible in Mathematica?
Browse other questions tagged matrix or ask your own question.
How to solve for this matrix?
How to write a matrix of $n\times 2$ where the first column... | CommonCrawl |
Abstract: On a two-level quantum system driven by an external field, we consider the population transfer problem from the first to the second level, minimizing the time of transfer, with bounded field amplitude. On the Bloch sphere (i.e. after a suitable Hopf projection), this problem can be attacked with techniques of... | CommonCrawl |
ArcGIS Help 10.1 What is a z-score? What is a p-value?
State the values of the raw scores and Z-scores. A positive Z-score indicates a score that is higher than the mean. A negative Z-score indicates a score that is less that the mean. The larger the Z-score, the greater difference there is between the score and the me... | CommonCrawl |
Let's say a normed division algebra is a real vector space $A$ equipped with a bilinear product, an element $1$ such that $1a = a = a1$, and a norm obeying $|ab| = |a| |b|$.
Are there any infinite-dimensional normed division algebras? If so, how many are there?
A MathSciNet search reveals a paper by Urbanik and Wright ... | CommonCrawl |
It would be great if you can point out the mathematical formulation or R1CS form of the NP statement of Zcash.
I found your question intriguing enough to take a dive in the source code. Note that I have absolutely no experience with ZCash; I know a few ins and outs of Monero though, and I have done some tinkering with ... | CommonCrawl |
Inline mathematical text is written in the normal way, enclosed by dollar signs: $ … $. For currency in regular text, use \$.
$a_1, \ldots, a_n$ ⇒ \(a_1, \ldots, a_n\).
A line is the shortest path between two points.
The text after the hash mark is the label, or identifier.
I refer you to <<def-point>>."
"The professo... | CommonCrawl |
I have a number of images in a Mathematica array, and I'd like to export the images to a PDF s.t. each image is precisely scaled to be $n \times m$ millimeters in dimension. The idea is that printing the PDF out on $8.5$ by $11$ inch ($215.9$ mm $\times$ $279.4$ mm) paper will give me images that can be measured with a... | CommonCrawl |
GREENWICH JOURNAL Page 2 SALEM PRESS Thursday, June 15,2000 Sixth graders score high on Math League test G reenwich sixth grade \M atliletes\ (left to right), M aya Seegers, Aaron Thom n s-Boldtic, F.milie Siiiwneau, Vincent M onks, and Keith Pendergrass. Facli vent, hiyli adueung sixth grade math students at (irceiiwi... | CommonCrawl |
$\alpha$-Variational Inference with Statistical Guarantees.
We propose a family of variational approximations to Bayesian posteriordistributions, called $\alpha$-VB, with provable statistical guarantees. Thestandard variational approximation is a special case of $\alpha$-VB with$\alpha=1$. When $\alpha \in(0,1]$, a nov... | CommonCrawl |
Say you have a cake that is cut into 100 pieces.
One of the pieces has a hidden prize.
100 people take turns, each taking a piece in sequence hoping to find the prize.
Note: I slightly modified (see italics) the question below to provide greater clarity; I hope that is allowed. If not I will revert it.
Please express y... | CommonCrawl |
After that I don't know how to proceed. Please help me with this.
Next use substitution: set $\;u=\cos 2x$, $\;\mathrm d u=-2\sin 2x\,\mathrm d x$.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged calculus integration definite-integrals or ask your own question. | CommonCrawl |
Conventional models do not fully explain composition of the solar system—for example, the presence of such elements as certain post-post-$Fe$-nuclei remains not yet understood. We propose a mechanism which can explain appearance of non-native elements in the solar system. The hypothesis involves an explosive nuclear-fi... | CommonCrawl |
Colon cancer arises from the gradual accumulation of several genetic and biochemical changes in cells. Ultimately, these changes give cancer cells the ability to spread throughout the body or metastasize. Cancer cells display a variety of alterations to their cell surface carbohydrates. Cell surface glycoconjugates hav... | CommonCrawl |
The fact that it asked for $2\times 2$ matrices which it implies there are other matrices, confused me. I know that $Q$ may be the identity matrix. I also tried to give $Q$ random unknown letters and equated it in $PQ = QP$ but I did not manage to work it out.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions t... | CommonCrawl |
A compact operator is an operator from normed space $X$ to a normed space $Y$, such that image of every bounded subset of $X$ is relatively compact in $Y$. It's used with (functional-analysis) and (operator-theory) tags.
How to prove that an operator is compact?
Consider $T\colon\ell^2\to\ell^2$ an operator such that $... | CommonCrawl |
The purpose of this talk is to present some results on minimal modular extensions of braided fusion categories doing emphases in minimal modular extensions of super-Tannakian fusion categories.
The cobordism hypothesis gives a correspondence between the framed local topological field theories with values in $\mathcal C... | CommonCrawl |
We consider a non-attractive three state contact process on $\mathbb Z$ and prove that there exists a regime of survival as well as a regime of extinction. In more detail, the process can be regarded as an infection process in a dynamic environment, where non-infected sites are either healthy or passive. Infected sites... | CommonCrawl |
Adding the <wikitex> ... </wikitex> tags for an easier entry of mathematical formulas.
smart syntax checker which knows better than I do.
is on a non-white background and aligned badly.
While one can change formula background to transparent by hacking the helper function, it requires another round by the sloooow conver... | CommonCrawl |
We prove that each $3$-polytope with minimum degree $5$ without vertices of degree from $7$ to $10$ contains a $5$-vertex whose set of degrees of its neighbors is majorized by one of the following sequences: $(5,6,6,5,\infty)$, $(5,6,6,6,15)$, and $(6,6,6,6,6)$, where all parameters are tight.
Keywords: plane graph, st... | CommonCrawl |
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