id int64 1 141k | title stringlengths 15 150 | body stringlengths 45 28.5k | tags stringlengths 1 102 | label int64 1 1 | text stringlengths 128 28.6k | source stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25,206 | Are there any heads of state who are dual citizens? | <p>In <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/10318/must-a-us-presidential-candidate-renounce-any-other-citizenship">this question</a> it was established that the US President can be a dual citizen as nothing in the Constitution forbids it. This makes me wonder if there are currently any heads of state wh... | citizenship head of state | 1 | Are there any heads of state who are dual citizens? -- (citizenship head of state)
<p>In <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/10318/must-a-us-presidential-candidate-renounce-any-other-citizenship">this question</a> it was established that the US President can be a dual citizen as nothing in the Constit... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,214 | Can Spain be suspended from the EU? | <p>Catalonia held a referendum for independence.
The police threatened and attacked the citizens of Spain/Catalonia.</p>

<p>Article 7 says that if a country violates the rights of their citizens they could be suspended. I wonder why this hasn't happened yet, does attacking citizens fall under violating rig... | european union referendum independence civil rights | 1 | Can Spain be suspended from the EU? -- (european union referendum independence civil rights)
<p>Catalonia held a referendum for independence.
The police threatened and attacked the citizens of Spain/Catalonia.</p>

<p>Article 7 says that if a country violates the rights of their citizens they could be suspe... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,217 | Why is the US the only country in the world with nearly absolute "double jeopardy" protections? | <p>Looking at the article about "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_jeopardy" rel="noreferrer">double jeopardy</a>" it seems that the US is the only country in the world where the prosecution is not allowed to appeal an acquittal in the lowest court, unless the trial itself is declared invalid for some reaso... | united states crime | 1 | Why is the US the only country in the world with nearly absolute "double jeopardy" protections? -- (united states crime)
<p>Looking at the article about "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_jeopardy" rel="noreferrer">double jeopardy</a>" it seems that the US is the only country in the world where the prosecut... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,229 | Why are ambassadors considered to be important politicians? | <p>Every time a new ambassador is nominated from the United States it somehow becomes news and political experts at home and abroad begin speculations over the personality of the nominee. But why are ambassadors considered to be important people in the first place? They lack any direct judicial, executive or legislativ... | diplomacy | 1 | Why are ambassadors considered to be important politicians? -- (diplomacy)
<p>Every time a new ambassador is nominated from the United States it somehow becomes news and political experts at home and abroad begin speculations over the personality of the nominee. But why are ambassadors considered to be important people... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,260 | What is the opinion of non-Catalan Spanish citizens regarding the use of force to subdue the Catalan independence? | <p>Recently there have been a lot of news regarding the police involvement in the Catalan independence referendum, where <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/25082/how-many-people-were-seriously-injured-during-the-catalan-independence-referendu">2 people were seriously injured</a>. Have there been any ... | polling catalonia spain | 1 | What is the opinion of non-Catalan Spanish citizens regarding the use of force to subdue the Catalan independence? -- (polling catalonia spain)
<p>Recently there have been a lot of news regarding the police involvement in the Catalan independence referendum, where <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/2... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,262 | Why doesn't the EU have a single top-most level representative? | <p>A famous quote is often mis-attributed to Henry Kissinger on the topic of the European Union:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Who do I call if I want to call Europe? </p>
</blockquote>

<p>40 years after Kissinger left his position as Secretary of State the same quote continues to apply: while the EU ... | president european union | 1 | Why doesn't the EU have a single top-most level representative? -- (president european union)
<p>A famous quote is often mis-attributed to Henry Kissinger on the topic of the European Union:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Who do I call if I want to call Europe? </p>
</blockquote>

<p>40 years after Kiss... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,279 | How was Silvio Berlusconi in power for a long time? | <p>How was Silvio Berlusconi in power for 9 years and 54 days with all his corruption?</p>
 | corruption italy | 1 | How was Silvio Berlusconi in power for a long time? -- (corruption italy)
<p>How was Silvio Berlusconi in power for 9 years and 54 days with all his corruption?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,282 | Is the War on Drugs a declared war? | <p>Wikipedia says:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>”However, two years prior to this, Nixon had <strong>formally declared a "war on drugs"</strong> that would be directed toward eradication, interdiction, and incarceration.”</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I understand that only Congress can constitutionally decla... | united states war drugs war on drugs | 1 | Is the War on Drugs a declared war? -- (united states war drugs war on drugs)
<p>Wikipedia says:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>”However, two years prior to this, Nixon had <strong>formally declared a "war on drugs"</strong> that would be directed toward eradication, interdiction, and incarceration.”</p>
</bloc... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,286 | Are there countries which have a policy of ignoring bomb threats? | <p>Every day there are news stories from various countries around the world about bomb threats phoned in by various perpetrators. Sometimes it's school kids who want to skip a day in class, sometimes it's a bored prankster, sometimes it's an organized group set on spreading chaos by shutting down important public locat... | terrorism | 1 | Are there countries which have a policy of ignoring bomb threats? -- (terrorism)
<p>Every day there are news stories from various countries around the world about bomb threats phoned in by various perpetrators. Sometimes it's school kids who want to skip a day in class, sometimes it's a bored prankster, sometimes it's ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,289 | Why do proportional representation voting systems not evolve to first past the post systems? | <p>The first past the post voting system tends to favour a two-party system.</p>

<p>Suppose an election is held using a proportional representation voting system. Then suppose that the two largest parties, between them, command a majority. Why wouldn't they form a grand coalition and convert the voting system ... | voting democracy voting systems | 1 | Why do proportional representation voting systems not evolve to first past the post systems? -- (voting democracy voting systems)
<p>The first past the post voting system tends to favour a two-party system.</p>

<p>Suppose an election is held using a proportional representation voting system. Then suppose that ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,290 | What is the Alt-Left? | <p>What is the Alt-Left and how different are they from the Far-Left or Ultra-Left? 
Are they similar to the Alt-Right in any way?</p>
 | united states ideology alt right | 1 | What is the Alt-Left? -- (united states ideology alt right)
<p>What is the Alt-Left and how different are they from the Far-Left or Ultra-Left? 
Are they similar to the Alt-Right in any way?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,307 | If the U.S. government wants to say something to Kim Jong Un, how it does it? | <p>They have no diplomatic relations, they have no official channels. However, a situation can happen any time as Trump wants to send a message to Kim Jong Un, or vice versa. Closing <em>all</em> communication channels doesn't seem very wise to me. I think it is unlikely that any side would want to do it. For example, ... | united states north korea | 1 | If the U.S. government wants to say something to Kim Jong Un, how it does it? -- (united states north korea)
<p>They have no diplomatic relations, they have no official channels. However, a situation can happen any time as Trump wants to send a message to Kim Jong Un, or vice versa. Closing <em>all</em> communication c... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,314 | Would a Catalan secession from Spain spark whole new borders in Europe? | <p>If the Catalan government decides to call for independence later today, would the EU have to recognize Catalonia as an independent country? The U.K. can't veto this decision because of Brexit, and no other big powerhouses in the EU have an outstanding region with a wish for independence, so no EU nation would get in... | european union catalonia spain exit polls | 1 | Would a Catalan secession from Spain spark whole new borders in Europe? -- (european union catalonia spain exit polls)
<p>If the Catalan government decides to call for independence later today, would the EU have to recognize Catalonia as an independent country? The U.K. can't veto this decision because of Brexit, and n... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,337 | What is the position of the main Spanish Catalonia independence movements on French Catalonia? | <p>The geographic area of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Catalonia" rel="noreferrer">Catalonia</a> is not limited to Spain but extends to France, corresponding roughly to the French department of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Orientales" rel="noreferrer">Pyrénées-Orientale... | france catalonia spain | 1 | What is the position of the main Spanish Catalonia independence movements on French Catalonia? -- (france catalonia spain)
<p>The geographic area of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Catalonia" rel="noreferrer">Catalonia</a> is not limited to Spain but extends to France, corresponding roughly to the Fre... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,342 | Has the US Government acknowledged the slight decline of the secondary education? | <p>According to <a href="http://www.businessinsider.de/pisa-worldwide-ranking-of-math-science-reading-skills-2016-12?r=US&IR=T" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this article</a>, US has recorded a slight decline in PISA scores:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The PISA is a worldwide exam conducted every three years tha... | united states education | 1 | Has the US Government acknowledged the slight decline of the secondary education? -- (united states education)
<p>According to <a href="http://www.businessinsider.de/pisa-worldwide-ranking-of-math-science-reading-skills-2016-12?r=US&IR=T" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this article</a>, US has recorded a slight decline ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,346 | Can the Tweede Kamer or anyone else withdraw a law if an advisory referendum on it has already been requested? | <p><strong>Edit 2018-08-28: The law in question has been retracted as of 2018-07-10, so this question is now of historical interest only.</strong></p>

<p>In The Netherlands, the <a href="http://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0036443/2017-04-01" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Wet Raadgevend Referendum</a> (<em>Law Advisory... | referendum netherlands | 1 | Can the Tweede Kamer or anyone else withdraw a law if an advisory referendum on it has already been requested? -- (referendum netherlands)
<p><strong>Edit 2018-08-28: The law in question has been retracted as of 2018-07-10, so this question is now of historical interest only.</strong></p>

<p>In The Netherland... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,347 | IRA's approach to Brexit | <p>It is commonly known that nowadays IRA (Irish Republican Army) doesn't pose a big threat for British Government and ceased all hostilities after Good Friday Agreement.</p>
<p>What is the IRA official approach to Brexit and what is their attitude? I haven't found any notable sources on this matter. <a href="http:... | united kingdom brexit terrorism northern ireland republic of ireland | 1 | IRA's approach to Brexit -- (united kingdom brexit terrorism northern ireland republic of ireland)
<p>It is commonly known that nowadays IRA (Irish Republican Army) doesn't pose a big threat for British Government and ceased all hostilities after Good Friday Agreement.</p>
<p>What is the IRA official approach to Br... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,348 | In the US why is nationalism equated with racism? | <p>From Wikipedia:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>There are various definitions for what constitutes a nation, however, which leads to several different strands of nationalism. It can be a belief that citizenship in a state should be limited to one ethnic, cultural, religious, or identity group, or that multination... | united states ideology nationalism racism | 1 | In the US why is nationalism equated with racism? -- (united states ideology nationalism racism)
<p>From Wikipedia:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>There are various definitions for what constitutes a nation, however, which leads to several different strands of nationalism. It can be a belief that citizenship in a s... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,375 | Can the POTUS take away licenses from news networks? | <p>Donald Trump <a href="http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/10/11/trump-threatens-to-target-licenses-nbc-and-networks-after-nuclear-arsenal-report.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">has recently indicated</a> a willingness to challenge the licenses of "NBC and the Networks".</p>

<p>Does he actually have any pow... | united states donald trump media fake news | 1 | Can the POTUS take away licenses from news networks? -- (united states donald trump media fake news)
<p>Donald Trump <a href="http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/10/11/trump-threatens-to-target-licenses-nbc-and-networks-after-nuclear-arsenal-report.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">has recently indicated</a> a willingne... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,401 | Why is the USA leaving UNESCO? | <p>According to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/12/us-withdraw-unesco-december-united-nations" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this article</a>, the United States will leave UNESCO:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The United States has formally notified the UN’s world heritage body
 Unesco that it... | united states | 1 | Why is the USA leaving UNESCO? -- (united states)
<p>According to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/12/us-withdraw-unesco-december-united-nations" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this article</a>, the United States will leave UNESCO:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The United States has formally notified... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,432 | Why does a country have to pay a fee to leave the EU? | <p>In the current Brexit negotiation process. It seems that the United Kingdom will have to pay some kind of fee or 'divorce bill' as some are calling it, to the EU before they can leave. Jean-Claude Juncker has said the UK would <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-jean-claude-juncker-eu-talks... | united kingdom european union brexit | 1 | Why does a country have to pay a fee to leave the EU? -- (united kingdom european union brexit)
<p>In the current Brexit negotiation process. It seems that the United Kingdom will have to pay some kind of fee or 'divorce bill' as some are calling it, to the EU before they can leave. Jean-Claude Juncker has said the UK ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,435 | Why is Japan's urban development so polarized? | <p>I have recently seen a documentary that showed how precious is the space in Japan's large cities (<a href="https://en.rocketnews24.com/2017/02/21/tiny-tokyo-apartment-makes-up-for-lack-of-space-with-clever-design-details%E3%80%90video%E3%80%91/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">example</a>). </p>

<p>This places th... | japan population city planning | 1 | Why is Japan's urban development so polarized? -- (japan population city planning)
<p>I have recently seen a documentary that showed how precious is the space in Japan's large cities (<a href="https://en.rocketnews24.com/2017/02/21/tiny-tokyo-apartment-makes-up-for-lack-of-space-with-clever-design-details%E3%80%90video... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,439 | How does Islamic single-sex education, ruled unlawful, differ from other single-sex education in the UK? | <p>BBC News reports that <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-41609861" rel="noreferrer">Islamic single-sex education has been ruled unlawful</a>. Yet there are <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-sex_education#United_Kingdom" rel="noreferrer">more than 400 single-sex schools in the UK</a... | united kingdom education | 1 | How does Islamic single-sex education, ruled unlawful, differ from other single-sex education in the UK? -- (united kingdom education)
<p>BBC News reports that <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-41609861" rel="noreferrer">Islamic single-sex education has been ruled unlawful</a>. Yet there are <a ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,446 | Can a congressional act change peoples legal names? | <p>Let's say a liberal beats Trump in 2020; and wins a supermajority in both chambers of congress.</p>

<p>Him and his mates want revenge, and their supports do too, so they pass a bill to mess with Mr Trump.</p>

<p>The bill changes his family name for him and his children and wife to "clump", and forb... | united states constitution congress | 1 | Can a congressional act change peoples legal names? -- (united states constitution congress)
<p>Let's say a liberal beats Trump in 2020; and wins a supermajority in both chambers of congress.</p>

<p>Him and his mates want revenge, and their supports do too, so they pass a bill to mess with Mr Trump.</p>
&#... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,449 | Given that there isn't a fiscal union in the EU, why would the Greek crisis threaten other Eurozone members? | <p>Here in Czech Republic politicians often claim that we cannot accept the Euro until 'the situation in Greece and other problematic Eurozone countries is resolved'. But given that joining the Euro doesn't incur any financial burdens due to the lack of a fiscal union, why would any problems in Greece threaten other Eu... | euro | 1 | Given that there isn't a fiscal union in the EU, why would the Greek crisis threaten other Eurozone members? -- (euro)
<p>Here in Czech Republic politicians often claim that we cannot accept the Euro until 'the situation in Greece and other problematic Eurozone countries is resolved'. But given that joining the Euro do... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,450 | Does the USPS post office lose $6 billion per year and require taxpayer bailouts every year? | <p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N4hjZOEd9PQ" rel="nofollow noreferrer">This video</a> says the USPS requires a $6 billion bailout every year. </p>

<ul>
<li>Why does it need a bailout every year?</li>
<li>When did the USPS first offer pensions?</li>
<li>Was the USPS underfunding their pe... | united states financing pensions | 1 | Does the USPS post office lose $6 billion per year and require taxpayer bailouts every year? -- (united states financing pensions)
<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N4hjZOEd9PQ" rel="nofollow noreferrer">This video</a> says the USPS requires a $6 billion bailout every year. </p>

<ul>
<li>Why does... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,470 | What is the political orientation of those banning "To Kill A Mockingbird" and similar literature? | <p>"To Kill A Mockingbird" has recently been removed from a reading list in a Mississippi school district. (<a href="https://articles.al.com/news/index.ssf/2017/10/mississippi_school_district_pu.amp" rel="noreferrer">example article</a>)</p>

<p>On Twitter, I've come across US conservatives blaming US liberals ... | united states education racism | 1 | What is the political orientation of those banning "To Kill A Mockingbird" and similar literature? -- (united states education racism)
<p>"To Kill A Mockingbird" has recently been removed from a reading list in a Mississippi school district. (<a href="https://articles.al.com/news/index.ssf/2017/10/mississippi_school_di... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,478 | When was the USPS post office retiree healthcare benefits started? | <p>I discovered in <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/a/25452/2430">this answer</a> that the United States Postal Service needs a $6B bailout every year due to retiree healthcare benefits, which are separate from its pension fund. </p>

<ul>
<li>What year did the USPS retiree healthcare benefits st... | united states congress pensions | 1 | When was the USPS post office retiree healthcare benefits started? -- (united states congress pensions)
<p>I discovered in <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/a/25452/2430">this answer</a> that the United States Postal Service needs a $6B bailout every year due to retiree healthcare benefits, which are separate... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,482 | Formula for efficiency gap calculation when there are more than two candidates | <p>I've been having trouble finding an authoritative definition of the efficiency gap when more than 2 parties are involved. <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Efficiency_gap" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ballotopedia</a> points to an article by Nicholas Stephanopoulos and Eric McGhee, citing that "any vote for a losing can... | election democracy voting gerrymandering | 1 | Formula for efficiency gap calculation when there are more than two candidates -- (election democracy voting gerrymandering)
<p>I've been having trouble finding an authoritative definition of the efficiency gap when more than 2 parties are involved. <a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Efficiency_gap" rel="nofollow norefer... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,487 | democracy in kingdom: has monarch extraordinary economic prerogative? | <p>Has monarch extraordinary economic prerogative?
do gov. consider a (very small) part of budget for queen and royal family?(besides what is for all people) </p>
 | united kingdom democracy monarchy | 1 | democracy in kingdom: has monarch extraordinary economic prerogative? -- (united kingdom democracy monarchy)
<p>Has monarch extraordinary economic prerogative?
do gov. consider a (very small) part of budget for queen and royal family?(besides what is for all people) </p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,496 | Why did the DNC try to prevent Bernie Sanders from getting the Democratic nomination? | <p>I recently read a few news articles talking about a <a href="http://www.newsweek.com/bernie-sanders-rigged-hillary-clinton-dnc-lawsuit-donald-trump-president-609582" rel="nofollow noreferrer">class action lawsuit</a> against the DNC for cheating Bernie Sanders out of the primaries. Is there any truth to these claims... | united states election parties bernie sanders dnc | 1 | Why did the DNC try to prevent Bernie Sanders from getting the Democratic nomination? -- (united states election parties bernie sanders dnc)
<p>I recently read a few news articles talking about a <a href="http://www.newsweek.com/bernie-sanders-rigged-hillary-clinton-dnc-lawsuit-donald-trump-president-609582" rel="nofol... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,501 | Are US territories getting the same degree of Federal support without paying as much in taxes? | <p>As I understand it they have no voting ability and while they pay some taxes they are exempt from on of the biggest taxes, income tax. I believe they are other taxes states pay that territories do not?</p>

<p>This means the average citizen of a US Territory is paying less in taxes then the average citizen ... | united states taxes funding | 1 | Are US territories getting the same degree of Federal support without paying as much in taxes? -- (united states taxes funding)
<p>As I understand it they have no voting ability and while they pay some taxes they are exempt from on of the biggest taxes, income tax. I believe they are other taxes states pay that territ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,506 | How often do voters actually change the ranking of candidates in European countries with open-list proportional representation? | <p>From <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_list" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Wikipedia</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Open list describes any variant of party-list proportional representation where voters have at least some influence on the order in which a party's candidates are elected. This as oppo... | election europe | 1 | How often do voters actually change the ranking of candidates in European countries with open-list proportional representation? -- (election europe)
<p>From <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_list" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Wikipedia</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Open list describes any variant of ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,510 | Why did Visegrád Group members ask for warranties for their countries participation in EU future discussions? | <p>According to <a href="http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-22054690-grupul-visegrad-nicio-reforma-fara-noi.htm" rel="noreferrer">this source</a> (original in Romanian, could not find a better one, yet), Visegrád Group members asked Donald Tusk to not exclude their countries from EU discussions about its future ... | european union | 1 | Why did Visegrád Group members ask for warranties for their countries participation in EU future discussions? -- (european union)
<p>According to <a href="http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-22054690-grupul-visegrad-nicio-reforma-fara-noi.htm" rel="noreferrer">this source</a> (original in Romanian, could not find... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,511 | Does anyone control the brand name of global parties, such as the Pirate or Green party? | <p>There are currently Pirate parties <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Pirate_Parties" rel="noreferrer">in 40 countries</a> and Green parties <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_green_political_parties" rel="noreferrer">in 52 countries</a>. But is there an organization which owns the rights to ... | parties | 1 | Does anyone control the brand name of global parties, such as the Pirate or Green party? -- (parties)
<p>There are currently Pirate parties <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Pirate_Parties" rel="noreferrer">in 40 countries</a> and Green parties <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_green_political... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,515 | A Spanish judge has jailed two key members of the Catalan independence movement. Have others been ever accused and convicted for sedition? | <p>As of 16th October 2017, <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41646142" rel="nofollow noreferrer">A Spanish judge has jailed two key members of the Catalan independence movement</a>. As the BBC news reports:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Jordi Sánchez and Jordi Cuixart, who lead prominent separatist gr... | law constitution catalonia spain constitutional monarchy | 1 | A Spanish judge has jailed two key members of the Catalan independence movement. Have others been ever accused and convicted for sedition? -- (law constitution catalonia spain constitutional monarchy)
<p>As of 16th October 2017, <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41646142" rel="nofollow noreferrer">A Spanish... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,523 | Do separatist nations inherit any national debt? | <p>Do separatist nations inherit any national debt? </p>

<p>For example, given Spain has a debt level of £1.1 trillion at the time of writing, if Catalonia becomes an independent nation is there any legal burden of responsibility upon them to repay any of this debt themselves or does all the debt remain with "... | economy debt independence | 1 | Do separatist nations inherit any national debt? -- (economy debt independence)
<p>Do separatist nations inherit any national debt? </p>

<p>For example, given Spain has a debt level of £1.1 trillion at the time of writing, if Catalonia becomes an independent nation is there any legal burden of responsibility u... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,538 | What are the steps to become an independent country once independence has been declared? | <p>In <a href="https://www.livescience.com/33003-how-are-new-countries-established.html" rel="noreferrer">How to Become a Country in 3 Easy Steps</a> they mention:</p>
<ul>
<li>Step 1 Declare independence</li>
<li>Step 2 Gain recognition</li>
<li>Step 3 Join the United Nations</li>
</ul>
<p>Fore... | international law united nations independence | 1 | What are the steps to become an independent country once independence has been declared? -- (international law united nations independence)
<p>In <a href="https://www.livescience.com/33003-how-are-new-countries-established.html" rel="noreferrer">How to Become a Country in 3 Easy Steps</a> they mention:</p>
<ul>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,543 | How to recount ballots with minimal influence of outliers? | <p>I've noticed some unusual voting on an online poll I'm running for work (Ranked choice). It's nothing serious, however as the results are open to everyone (as a matter of transparency). I have had someone confess that they are responsible for the 'unusual' votes. I can't simply 'fudge' the results to remove the unus... | voting voting systems | 1 | How to recount ballots with minimal influence of outliers? -- (voting voting systems)
<p>I've noticed some unusual voting on an online poll I'm running for work (Ranked choice). It's nothing serious, however as the results are open to everyone (as a matter of transparency). I have had someone confess that they are resp... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,557 | What flag is it? | <p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/XWxS1.jpg" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/XWxS1.jpg" alt="Image 2"></a>
The flag is a red star, in a yellow circle, in a green ring, on a red background.</p>

<p>The photo is from <a href="http://partiarazem.pl/2017/10/hanba-prezydent-gosci-turecki... | turkey poland flag | 1 | What flag is it? -- (turkey poland flag)
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/XWxS1.jpg" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/XWxS1.jpg" alt="Image 2"></a>
The flag is a red star, in a yellow circle, in a green ring, on a red background.</p>

<p>The photo is from <a href="http://partiarazem... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,560 | What does "direct Spanish rule over Catalonia" actually mean? | <p>According to <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/catalonia-latest-spain-direct-rule-region-catalan-government-deadline-pass-article-155-a8008321.html" rel="noreferrer">the Independent</a>: </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Spain has announced it will impose direct rule over Catalonia, after
... | parliament catalonia spain | 1 | What does "direct Spanish rule over Catalonia" actually mean? -- (parliament catalonia spain)
<p>According to <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/catalonia-latest-spain-direct-rule-region-catalan-government-deadline-pass-article-155-a8008321.html" rel="noreferrer">the Independent</a>: </p>

... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,565 | Why does Iran-Turkey relation function well, but not Iran-Pakistan? | <p>Iran is a Shia country. Turkey and Pakistan are both Sunni countries. Both of them have borders with Iran.</p>

<p>It seems to me that <a href="https://www.dailysabah.com/diplomacy/2017/10/19/turkey-and-iran-to-maintain-cooperation-in-security-economy" rel="noreferrer">Turkey-Iran relationship is functioning... | iran pakistan | 1 | Why does Iran-Turkey relation function well, but not Iran-Pakistan? -- (iran pakistan)
<p>Iran is a Shia country. Turkey and Pakistan are both Sunni countries. Both of them have borders with Iran.</p>

<p>It seems to me that <a href="https://www.dailysabah.com/diplomacy/2017/10/19/turkey-and-iran-to-maintain-co... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,596 | Can the Lateran Treaty be regarded as a reference for Separation of Church and State? | <p>Is the Lateran Treaty an example of a strict separation of Church and state?</p>

<p>In my country (Romania) the relationship between the church and the state is a major subject of discussion. One <a href="https://books.google.ro/books?id=ieSsCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT202&lpg=PT202&dq=does%20romania%20has%2... | political theory | 1 | Can the Lateran Treaty be regarded as a reference for Separation of Church and State? -- (political theory)
<p>Is the Lateran Treaty an example of a strict separation of Church and state?</p>

<p>In my country (Romania) the relationship between the church and the state is a major subject of discussion. One <a ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,600 | Why would the POTUS typically not want to interview U.S. Attorney candidates | <p>I hear and read about the <strong>news</strong> regarding these highly unprecedented and unusual interactions with <strong>Trump</strong> engaging with and interviewing candidates he will appoint as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Attorney" rel="nofollow noreferrer">U.S. Attorneys</a>. </p>
... | united states president constitution political appointments | 1 | Why would the POTUS typically not want to interview U.S. Attorney candidates -- (united states president constitution political appointments)
<p>I hear and read about the <strong>news</strong> regarding these highly unprecedented and unusual interactions with <strong>Trump</strong> engaging with and interviewing candid... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,605 | Why are Spanish parties imposing new elections in Catalonia? | <p>Mariano Rajoy, the president of the government of Spain, <a href="https://twitter.com/marianorajoy/status/921712565968830464" rel="noreferrer">said in Twitter</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>We ask the Senate to remove the president from <em>Generalitat</em> [Catalan government] and its Govern Board in order... | catalonia spain | 1 | Why are Spanish parties imposing new elections in Catalonia? -- (catalonia spain)
<p>Mariano Rajoy, the president of the government of Spain, <a href="https://twitter.com/marianorajoy/status/921712565968830464" rel="noreferrer">said in Twitter</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>We ask the Senate to remove the pres... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,607 | Can Rajoy repeat the Catalan election multiple times? | <p>Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy has announced Madrid’s decision to dismiss Catalonia's separatist government and hold fresh elections in the region in a bid to prevent Catalan leaders from declaring independence. </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>If the results of the new election are not what Rajoy wants, ... | constitution catalonia spain | 1 | Can Rajoy repeat the Catalan election multiple times? -- (constitution catalonia spain)
<p>Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy has announced Madrid’s decision to dismiss Catalonia's separatist government and hold fresh elections in the region in a bid to prevent Catalan leaders from declaring independence. </p>
&... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,610 | Have any politicians been elected to the government of two different countries during their career? | <p>After the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_legislative_election,_2017" rel="noreferrer">recent elections</a> in Czech Republic it became apparent that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrej_Babi%C5%A1" rel="noreferrer">Andrej Babiš</a> is going to become the next Prime Minister of the country. The... | election history | 1 | Have any politicians been elected to the government of two different countries during their career? -- (election history)
<p>After the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_legislative_election,_2017" rel="noreferrer">recent elections</a> in Czech Republic it became apparent that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.or... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,615 | What does "rules-based order" mean? | <p><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/18/us-wants-stronger-india-economic-defense-ties-given-chinas-rise-tillerson-says.html" rel="noreferrer">Rex Tillerson said</a> several days ago,</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The United States seeks constructive relations with China, but we will not shrink from China's cha... | united states china | 1 | What does "rules-based order" mean? -- (united states china)
<p><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/18/us-wants-stronger-india-economic-defense-ties-given-chinas-rise-tillerson-says.html" rel="noreferrer">Rex Tillerson said</a> several days ago,</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The United States seeks constructive ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,625 | Why has Malta's perceived corruption grown so much recently? | <p>One of the Panama Papers journalist <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/16/malta-car-bomb-kills-panama-papers-journalist" rel="nofollow noreferrer">was killed using a bomb in Malta</a>: </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The journalist who led the Panama Papers investigation into corruption
 in... | corruption | 1 | Why has Malta's perceived corruption grown so much recently? -- (corruption)
<p>One of the Panama Papers journalist <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/16/malta-car-bomb-kills-panama-papers-journalist" rel="nofollow noreferrer">was killed using a bomb in Malta</a>: </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Th... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,658 | Which country was leading "rules-based order" of the west before the USA? | <p><a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/q/25615/17569">What does "rules-based order" mean?</a></p>

<p>Which country was leading "rules-based order" of the west before the USA?</p>

<p>Which country was the leader of the West before WW2 and before WW1?</p>
 | united states diplomacy | 1 | Which country was leading "rules-based order" of the west before the USA? -- (united states diplomacy)
<p><a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/q/25615/17569">What does "rules-based order" mean?</a></p>

<p>Which country was leading "rules-based order" of the west before the USA?</p>

<p... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,668 | Why are Romania's and Bulgaria's reasons for postponing entering the Schengen area considered non-technical? | <p>Some Romanian politicians (<a href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-06/28/c_136401792.htm" rel="noreferrer">example</a>) argue that the country should be within the Schengen area. </p>

<p>I do not know exactly for Bulgaria, but for Romania I have heard on multiple occasions that it obeys the "technic... | european union romania schengen area | 1 | Why are Romania's and Bulgaria's reasons for postponing entering the Schengen area considered non-technical? -- (european union romania schengen area)
<p>Some Romanian politicians (<a href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-06/28/c_136401792.htm" rel="noreferrer">example</a>) argue that the country should be withi... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,674 | How deep below ground does sovereignty extend? | <p>It is generally agreed that countries have sovereignty over their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace" rel="noreferrer">airspace</a> but not over whatever part of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_space" rel="noreferrer">outer space</a> is above their territory. There are also international a... | sovereignty | 1 | How deep below ground does sovereignty extend? -- (sovereignty)
<p>It is generally agreed that countries have sovereignty over their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace" rel="noreferrer">airspace</a> but not over whatever part of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_space" rel="noreferrer">outer spa... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,680 | How many Federal officials have been impeached and convicted? | <p><strong>How many Federal officials have been impeached, convicted, and removed from office unwillingly?</strong></p>

<p>To qualify a federal official must have been:</p>

<ul>
<li>impeached by the House</li>
<li>convicted by the Senate</li>
<li>then as a result removed from office agains... | united states impeachment history | 1 | How many Federal officials have been impeached and convicted? -- (united states impeachment history)
<p><strong>How many Federal officials have been impeached, convicted, and removed from office unwillingly?</strong></p>

<p>To qualify a federal official must have been:</p>

<ul>
<li>impeached by th... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,690 | Why are there so many countries that apply interest rate caps/ceilings? | <p><a href="http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/interestrateceiling.asp" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Interest Rate Ceiling</a> is "the maximum interest rate that a financial institution can charge a borrower for an adjustable rate mortgage or loan according to the contractual terms of the mortgage or loan."</p>

... | economy | 1 | Why are there so many countries that apply interest rate caps/ceilings? -- (economy)
<p><a href="http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/interestrateceiling.asp" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Interest Rate Ceiling</a> is "the maximum interest rate that a financial institution can charge a borrower for an adjustable rate mortga... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,691 | What did Reagan mean when he said: "The nine most terrifying words in the English language are 'I'm from the government, and I'm here to help.' "? | <p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" rel="noreferrer">Ronald Wilson Reagan</a>, 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989, famously <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" rel="noreferrer">said</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The nine most terrifying words in the En... | united states government ronald reagan | 1 | What did Reagan mean when he said: "The nine most terrifying words in the English language are 'I'm from the government, and I'm here to help.' "? -- (united states government ronald reagan)
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" rel="noreferrer">Ronald Wilson Reagan</a>, 40th President of the United ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,716 | Why did Friedrich Hayek support Universal Basic Income | <p>Hayek is a staunch free market capitalist, small government - bordering on 'taxation is theft' economist. </p>

<p>How did he explain his support for universal basic income?</p>
 | economy libertarianism basic income | 1 | Why did Friedrich Hayek support Universal Basic Income -- (economy libertarianism basic income)
<p>Hayek is a staunch free market capitalist, small government - bordering on 'taxation is theft' economist. </p>

<p>How did he explain his support for universal basic income?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,718 | How did Obama "Fundamentally transform America?" | <p>Most conservatives I talk to or hear about are very hot and bothered by what Obama has "done to America". They are very passionate about it. So passionate that I would like to understand where they are coming from.</p>

<p>But, I have yet to get an objective source of information for their claims. This <a... | united states barack obama conservatism | 1 | How did Obama "Fundamentally transform America?" -- (united states barack obama conservatism)
<p>Most conservatives I talk to or hear about are very hot and bothered by what Obama has "done to America". They are very passionate about it. So passionate that I would like to understand where they are coming from.</p>&#x... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,719 | Are there any implementations of Online Deliberation? | <p>Wikipedia says <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_deliberation" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Online Deliberation</a> is the </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>practice and research related to the design, implementation and study of deliberative processes that rely on the use of electronic information and co... | voting | 1 | Are there any implementations of Online Deliberation? -- (voting)
<p>Wikipedia says <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_deliberation" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Online Deliberation</a> is the </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>practice and research related to the design, implementation and study of deliberati... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,722 | What is the interest of US in implementing PEPFAR? | <p>The United States have spent more than 70 billion in funding prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS outside of their country (mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, e.g. as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President%27s_Emergency_Plan_for_AIDS_Relief" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Presidents Emergency Plan For AIDS Relie... | united states funding | 1 | What is the interest of US in implementing PEPFAR? -- (united states funding)
<p>The United States have spent more than 70 billion in funding prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS outside of their country (mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, e.g. as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President%27s_Emergency_Plan_for_A... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,735 | What have been the arguments against VAT in the US? | <p>The majority of countries in the world have implemented a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value-added_tax" rel="noreferrer">Value Added Tax (VAT)</a> - sometimes called a Goods and Services Tax (GST) - why hasn't the US?</p>

<p>EDIT - I would assume that if a VAT were implemented it would replace sal... | united states economy taxes | 1 | What have been the arguments against VAT in the US? -- (united states economy taxes)
<p>The majority of countries in the world have implemented a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value-added_tax" rel="noreferrer">Value Added Tax (VAT)</a> - sometimes called a Goods and Services Tax (GST) - why hasn't the US?</p>&... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,743 | Is China really Communist? | <p>Having read Karl Marx, and seeing the 10 tenets of Communism, I find it hard to consider China as a Communist country. </p>

<p>Just trying to stick to the 10 tenets. </p>

<ol>
<li>Abolition of private property, everything is public.</li>
<li>Progressive Tax.</li>
<li>Abolition of rights... | economy china communism | 1 | Is China really Communist? -- (economy china communism)
<p>Having read Karl Marx, and seeing the 10 tenets of Communism, I find it hard to consider China as a Communist country. </p>

<p>Just trying to stick to the 10 tenets. </p>

<ol>
<li>Abolition of private property, everything is public.</li>&#... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,746 | Why did Austria's nationalist party (Freedom Party) got so many votes as compared to other nationalist parties? | <p>In 2017 there were elections in several European developed countries: Austria, Germany, France and Nederlands. The popular vote for main nationalist party in each of them was as below:</p>

<ul>
<li>Austria - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_active_nationalist_parties_in_Europe#National" re... | polling austria | 1 | Why did Austria's nationalist party (Freedom Party) got so many votes as compared to other nationalist parties? -- (polling austria)
<p>In 2017 there were elections in several European developed countries: Austria, Germany, France and Nederlands. The popular vote for main nationalist party in each of them was as below:... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,753 | What disadvantages are there for a region in declaring independence, if that declaration is not widely recognised | <p>Today Catalonia declared independence from Spain.</p>

<p>The European Union and the United States have stated they will only deal with Spain, meaning they do not recognize Catalonia as a country.</p>

<p>Which disadvantages does this have for Catalonia, aside from the fact that they can't negotiate ... | independence catalonia spain | 1 | What disadvantages are there for a region in declaring independence, if that declaration is not widely recognised -- (independence catalonia spain)
<p>Today Catalonia declared independence from Spain.</p>

<p>The European Union and the United States have stated they will only deal with Spain, meaning they do no... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,757 | Has there been research regarding the costs of maintaining a federation as opposed to a unitary state? | <p>As an example, the United States are currently controlled by a bicameral Federal government and 50 state legislatures of which 49 are bicameral. This means that essentially there are 51 slightly varying legal systems within the US and 51 different governments. This must create a large strain on businesses within the... | economy federalism | 1 | Has there been research regarding the costs of maintaining a federation as opposed to a unitary state? -- (economy federalism)
<p>As an example, the United States are currently controlled by a bicameral Federal government and 50 state legislatures of which 49 are bicameral. This means that essentially there are 51 slig... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,759 | Is there a ranking of states based on how unitary/federalized they are? | <p>As an example, the UK is formally considered a unitary state but in reality its subregions enjoy a lot of autonomy and are able to pass laws of their own. On the other hand Russia is formally a federation <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/8505/how-much-is-russia-actually-a-federation?rq=1">but in... | federalism | 1 | Is there a ranking of states based on how unitary/federalized they are? -- (federalism)
<p>As an example, the UK is formally considered a unitary state but in reality its subregions enjoy a lot of autonomy and are able to pass laws of their own. On the other hand Russia is formally a federation <a href="https://politic... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,766 | Why would a country grant citizenship to a robot? | <p>Recently <a href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/1183166/saudi-arabia" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Saudi Arabia granted citizenship to a very advanced robot</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>A humanoid robot took the stage at the Future Investment Initiative
 yesterday and had an amusing exchange with the hos... | saudi arabia citizenship | 1 | Why would a country grant citizenship to a robot? -- (saudi arabia citizenship)
<p>Recently <a href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/1183166/saudi-arabia" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Saudi Arabia granted citizenship to a very advanced robot</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>A humanoid robot took the stage at the Futur... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,769 | How much is Catalonia complying with Madrid? | <p>It's very easy to look at the situation from the outside, declare the Catalan independence declaration illegal and say "that's that". However, inside Catalonia, the declaration was very popular amongst a significant portion of the population.</p>

<p>In reaction, Madrid has declared the independence referend... | spain catalonia | 1 | How much is Catalonia complying with Madrid? -- (spain catalonia)
<p>It's very easy to look at the situation from the outside, declare the Catalan independence declaration illegal and say "that's that". However, inside Catalonia, the declaration was very popular amongst a significant portion of the population.</p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,775 | What happens when you antitrust a multinational corporation? | <p>What happens when you want to break up a toxic corporate trust when said trust is multinational in nature?</p>

<p>I get the idea when it comes to companies that are firmly within one nations system. But what changes when your dealing with entities that exist in this weird geopolitical state, where the idea ... | foreign policy corporations antitrust | 1 | What happens when you antitrust a multinational corporation? -- (foreign policy corporations antitrust)
<p>What happens when you want to break up a toxic corporate trust when said trust is multinational in nature?</p>

<p>I get the idea when it comes to companies that are firmly within one nations system. But w... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,790 | Diplomacy archival - Quest for official 2002 pictures - “first Taiwanese government official since 1979 to visit White House” | <p>Here are two cropped stills I prepared from the documentary <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cu47vVRn6sA" rel="nofollow noreferrer">陳定南的故事：青天典範 - 龜毛之必要 The Story of Chen Ding-Nan: The Need to be Nitpicky</a>, which I believe show the Minister of Justice of the Republic of China (Taiwan), <strong>Chen Ding-na... | united states diplomacy taiwan | 1 | Diplomacy archival - Quest for official 2002 pictures - “first Taiwanese government official since 1979 to visit White House” -- (united states diplomacy taiwan)
<p>Here are two cropped stills I prepared from the documentary <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cu47vVRn6sA" rel="nofollow noreferrer">陳定南的故事：青天典範 - 龜... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,793 | How can the Catalan leaders be accused for rebellion if no violence has taken place? | <p>As BBC explains in <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41802900" rel="noreferrer">Catalan independence: Spain prosecutor calls for rebellion case</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Spain's chief prosecutor has called for charges including rebellion to be laid against Catalan leaders following the region's de... | law catalonia spain | 1 | How can the Catalan leaders be accused for rebellion if no violence has taken place? -- (law catalonia spain)
<p>As BBC explains in <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41802900" rel="noreferrer">Catalan independence: Spain prosecutor calls for rebellion case</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Spain's chief pros... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,796 | Who is Rick Gates? | <p>Recently the Mueller investigation into Russian interference in the U.S. filed some charges. There was an indictment of Paul Manafort and Rick Gates.</p>

<p>Paul Manafort is a familiar name to me. But who is Rick Gates? <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2017/10/30/politics/russia-investigation-manafort-latest/in... | united states mueller investigation | 1 | Who is Rick Gates? -- (united states mueller investigation)
<p>Recently the Mueller investigation into Russian interference in the U.S. filed some charges. There was an indictment of Paul Manafort and Rick Gates.</p>

<p>Paul Manafort is a familiar name to me. But who is Rick Gates? <a href="http://www.cnn.com... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,805 | Is it possible to be a socialist and a capitalist? | <p>I don't know how to label my economic belief system, and it's frustrating when getting into discussions with other people. </p>

<p>I believe in Capital. I believe that people have a right to earn more than their neighbor. I believe in incentivizing people, and using capitalism in the workforce to do that. I... | economy socialism capitalism | 1 | Is it possible to be a socialist and a capitalist? -- (economy socialism capitalism)
<p>I don't know how to label my economic belief system, and it's frustrating when getting into discussions with other people. </p>

<p>I believe in Capital. I believe that people have a right to earn more than their neighbor. I... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,819 | Why is Daylight saving time (DST) still used in so many Western countries? | <p>DST was observed in <a href="https://www.timeanddate.com/time/dst/2017.html" rel="noreferrer">many countries</a> last week-end (28-29.10.2017). <a href="https://www.mnn.com/green-tech/research-innovations/stories/do-we-still-need-daylight-saving-time" rel="noreferrer">This article</a> tells us about the origin of DS... | economy | 1 | Why is Daylight saving time (DST) still used in so many Western countries? -- (economy)
<p>DST was observed in <a href="https://www.timeanddate.com/time/dst/2017.html" rel="noreferrer">many countries</a> last week-end (28-29.10.2017). <a href="https://www.mnn.com/green-tech/research-innovations/stories/do-we-still-need... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,844 | is Gerrymandering unconstitutional? | <p>I know I've heard that racial discrimination when drawing district lines is unconstitutional. But where in the constitution does it say that, and are there other rules that gerrymandering has to follow to be constitutional or legal? </p>
 | united states gerrymandering voting districts redistricting | 1 | is Gerrymandering unconstitutional? -- (united states gerrymandering voting districts redistricting)
<p>I know I've heard that racial discrimination when drawing district lines is unconstitutional. But where in the constitution does it say that, and are there other rules that gerrymandering has to follow to be constit... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,848 | Can someone explain the difference between Civil Rights, Civil Liberties and Freedoms? | <p>We encounter these terms frequently in everyday readings. Although they have almost the same meanings but there exist intricate differences. Please explain with some examples the differences and similarities between these phrases.</p>
 | law political theory terminology civil rights | 1 | Can someone explain the difference between Civil Rights, Civil Liberties and Freedoms? -- (law political theory terminology civil rights)
<p>We encounter these terms frequently in everyday readings. Although they have almost the same meanings but there exist intricate differences. Please explain with some examples the ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,851 | Why did Russia reduce punishment for some forms of domestic violence? | <p>According to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/25/russian-mps-bill-reducing-punishment-domestic-violence-rights" rel="noreferrer">this article</a>, Russia reduced the punishment for some forms of domestic violence at the beginning of 2017:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Russian MPs have backed ... | law russian federation | 1 | Why did Russia reduce punishment for some forms of domestic violence? -- (law russian federation)
<p>According to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/25/russian-mps-bill-reducing-punishment-domestic-violence-rights" rel="noreferrer">this article</a>, Russia reduced the punishment for some forms of domes... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,852 | Under Chicago School economics, will monopolies naturally go away? | <p>I have two questions regarding monopolies in a capitalistic society:</p>

<ol>
<li><p>According to Milton Friedman and Thomas Sowell, among other <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_school_of_economics" rel="noreferrer">Chicago School</a> economists, under purely market forces monopolies will ... | libertarianism capitalism | 1 | Under Chicago School economics, will monopolies naturally go away? -- (libertarianism capitalism)
<p>I have two questions regarding monopolies in a capitalistic society:</p>

<ol>
<li><p>According to Milton Friedman and Thomas Sowell, among other <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_school_of_econ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,858 | How would a libertarian government deal with intellectual property? | <p>In a libertarian society, the government is highly discouraged from interfering with the free market, if it is even capable of doing so. In this case, where does that leave Intellectual Property? </p>

<p>If IP is considered part of the NAP, how do they plan to enforce it without creating artificial monopoli... | libertarianism intellectual property | 1 | How would a libertarian government deal with intellectual property? -- (libertarianism intellectual property)
<p>In a libertarian society, the government is highly discouraged from interfering with the free market, if it is even capable of doing so. In this case, where does that leave Intellectual Property? </p>
&#... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,883 | Does currency exist in communism? | <p>I've thought about this before, but never heard any explanation as to how this works. </p>

<p>My understanding of communism is: </p>

<ol>
<li>Everyone works. </li>
<li>Everything is rationed out equally. </li>
<li>Since there is no private property, everything is borrowed. So if you w... | economy communism currency | 1 | Does currency exist in communism? -- (economy communism currency)
<p>I've thought about this before, but never heard any explanation as to how this works. </p>

<p>My understanding of communism is: </p>

<ol>
<li>Everyone works. </li>
<li>Everything is rationed out equally. </li>
<li>Since... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,897 | Were there any "Punch A Nazi" polls done in the US? | <p>The "Punch a Nazi" event in the United States was an interesting phenomena where Richard Spencer (A self titled Identitarian) was punched by an anarchist generating the question "Is it OK to punch a Nazi?". Were there any polls done to evaluate the general attitude surrounding this issue in the US? I see many articl... | united states freedom of speech nazism identity politics | 1 | Were there any "Punch A Nazi" polls done in the US? -- (united states freedom of speech nazism identity politics)
<p>The "Punch a Nazi" event in the United States was an interesting phenomena where Richard Spencer (A self titled Identitarian) was punched by an anarchist generating the question "Is it OK to punch a Nazi... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,903 | Who is this Taiwanese diplomat/politician standing next to Tsai Ing-wen (蔡英文), president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) | <p>Please take a look at this <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/President_Tsai_poses_for_a_photo_with_a_delegation_led_by_Solomon_Islands_Prime_Minister_Manasseh_Sogavare_%2826_September_2017%29_in_Taipei%2C_Taiwan.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer">full resolution image</a> (for more information... | diplomacy taiwan | 1 | Who is this Taiwanese diplomat/politician standing next to Tsai Ing-wen (蔡英文), president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) -- (diplomacy taiwan)
<p>Please take a look at this <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/President_Tsai_poses_for_a_photo_with_a_delegation_led_by_Solomon_Islands_Prime_Mini... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,912 | What is a "humble address" in the UK parliament? | <p>The row over releasing studies, detailing the impact of <em>Brexit</em> in 58 sectors which cover the great majority of the UK economy, has been going on for a while.</p>
<p>Recently, the Labour party made a <strong>humble address</strong>, according to a report in <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2... | united kingdom parliament brexit | 1 | What is a "humble address" in the UK parliament? -- (united kingdom parliament brexit)
<p>The row over releasing studies, detailing the impact of <em>Brexit</em> in 58 sectors which cover the great majority of the UK economy, has been going on for a while.</p>
<p>Recently, the Labour party made a <strong>humble add... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,929 | How is polygamy handled policy wise in democratic countries where it is legal? | <p>First question: are there any democratic ("somewhat" democratic like Russia counts... Saudi Arabia or any other Islamic theocracy does not) countries where polygamy is not fully illegal the way it is in USA?</p>

<p>Second, real, question: if such countries exist, how do the handle polygamy policy wise?</p>&... | policy marriage | 1 | How is polygamy handled policy wise in democratic countries where it is legal? -- (policy marriage)
<p>First question: are there any democratic ("somewhat" democratic like Russia counts... Saudi Arabia or any other Islamic theocracy does not) countries where polygamy is not fully illegal the way it is in USA?</p>
&... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,950 | What does this symbol (Turkish coat of arms) mean? | <p>Can you tell me what the symbol below means? I would like to know more about it. Tell me everything about every one piece. </p>

<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/vnMDo.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/vnMDo.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></a></p>
 | turkey symbols | 1 | What does this symbol (Turkish coat of arms) mean? -- (turkey symbols)
<p>Can you tell me what the symbol below means? I would like to know more about it. Tell me everything about every one piece. </p>

<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/vnMDo.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.co... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,957 | Why is there no paid maternity leave in United States (federal level)? | <p>According to <a href="https://www.oecd.org/els/soc/PF2_1_Parental_leave_systems.pdf" rel="noreferrer">this document</a> (page 3), US is an exception when it comes to total paid leave related to maternity (paid maternity leave + paid parental and home care leave available to mothers). The OECD countries average is ab... | united states | 1 | Why is there no paid maternity leave in United States (federal level)? -- (united states)
<p>According to <a href="https://www.oecd.org/els/soc/PF2_1_Parental_leave_systems.pdf" rel="noreferrer">this document</a> (page 3), US is an exception when it comes to total paid leave related to maternity (paid maternity leave +... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
25,993 | How can the influence of wealthy individuals on democratic processes be reduced? | <p>This question is inspired by the discussion about lobbyism and free speech.</p>

<p>There are two fundamental ideas in modern democracies that seem to contradict each other, while both being so fundamental that none could be severely restricted without burying the concept of a capitalistic democracy.</p>
... | democracy money | 1 | How can the influence of wealthy individuals on democratic processes be reduced? -- (democracy money)
<p>This question is inspired by the discussion about lobbyism and free speech.</p>

<p>There are two fundamental ideas in modern democracies that seem to contradict each other, while both being so fundamental t... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,027 | Can a President mandate Upvotes? | <p>This image is from when Barack Obama (the then serving president) thanked Reddit for helping protect the open internet.</p>

<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/6CIPY.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/6CIPY.png" alt="Scan of a handwritten note signed by Barack Obama"></a></... | united states president law separation of powers | 1 | Can a President mandate Upvotes? -- (united states president law separation of powers)
<p>This image is from when Barack Obama (the then serving president) thanked Reddit for helping protect the open internet.</p>

<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/6CIPY.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.st... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,033 | How much can an EU member delay implementing a directive in its national legislation? | <p>I have recently watched an interview with <a href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/28306/ANA_GOMES_home.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ana GOMES</a> about how Portugal <a href="http://www.mondaq.com/x/593798/Shareholders/Law+No+152017+The+End+Of+Bearer+Shares" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ended the bearer shares... | european union legislation | 1 | How much can an EU member delay implementing a directive in its national legislation? -- (european union legislation)
<p>I have recently watched an interview with <a href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/28306/ANA_GOMES_home.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ana GOMES</a> about how Portugal <a href="http://www.mond... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,034 | Did Karl Marx support taking over the means of production by using force or violence? | <p>If the workers want to have means of production (land or factories) they can:</p>

<ul>
<li>Put money together and buy/build them, step by step. That's how the Amish or the Mennonites are building and growing their egalitarian communities for example</li>
<li>Taking over the land and the factories ow... | communism marxism | 1 | Did Karl Marx support taking over the means of production by using force or violence? -- (communism marxism)
<p>If the workers want to have means of production (land or factories) they can:</p>

<ul>
<li>Put money together and buy/build them, step by step. That's how the Amish or the Mennonites are building... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,040 | Would it be reasonable to see each US "state" as a country in their own, nowadays? | <p>IF there are any difference between an individual US state and an individual country, what are they?</p>
 | united states statehood | 1 | Would it be reasonable to see each US "state" as a country in their own, nowadays? -- (united states statehood)
<p>IF there are any difference between an individual US state and an individual country, what are they?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,047 | Why has China signed US$250 bn deals with the USA? | <p>Some days ago, US Secretary of State <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-india-tillerson/u-s-wants-stronger-india-economic-defense-ties-given-chinas-rise-tillerson-idUSKBN1CN31Z" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Rex Tillerson said </a> :</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>"The United States seeks constructive r... | united states china | 1 | Why has China signed US$250 bn deals with the USA? -- (united states china)
<p>Some days ago, US Secretary of State <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-india-tillerson/u-s-wants-stronger-india-economic-defense-ties-given-chinas-rise-tillerson-idUSKBN1CN31Z" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Rex Tillerson said </a> ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,052 | Why is US legislation formulated independently by both chambers? | <p>In the US - at the federal and AFAIK the state level - pieces of legislation are put forward in two versions, independently, before the two legislative bodies; each version is discussed, debated and passed independently (correct me if I'm wrong); and then if they both pass, there's this process of reconciliation.</p... | united states congress legislative process bicameral | 1 | Why is US legislation formulated independently by both chambers? -- (united states congress legislative process bicameral)
<p>In the US - at the federal and AFAIK the state level - pieces of legislation are put forward in two versions, independently, before the two legislative bodies; each version is discussed, debated... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,064 | In US law, what means are there to block a nominee approved by the Senate to become a District Judge? | <p>This is about the nomination of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brett_Joseph_Talley" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Brett Joseph Talley</a> to the position of District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama.</p>

<p>According to <a href="http://beta.latimes.com/politic... | united states senate senate rules judiciary | 1 | In US law, what means are there to block a nominee approved by the Senate to become a District Judge? -- (united states senate senate rules judiciary)
<p>This is about the nomination of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brett_Joseph_Talley" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Brett Joseph Talley</a> to the position of Distr... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,073 | Can the U.S. government cut a check to taxpayers by printing more money? | <p>I'm not talking about open market operations via the Federal Reserve bank, or indirect payments through lower taxes, but rather the U.S Treasury simply cutting checks and mailing them directly to taxpayers at the behest of the President or legislation passed by Congress. To avoid raising the National debt, the U.S. ... | united states budget federal reserve money supply | 1 | Can the U.S. government cut a check to taxpayers by printing more money? -- (united states budget federal reserve money supply)
<p>I'm not talking about open market operations via the Federal Reserve bank, or indirect payments through lower taxes, but rather the U.S Treasury simply cutting checks and mailing them direc... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,077 | How was the exact time of Brexit computed? | <p>According to <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-latest-news-theresa-may-eu-withdrawal-bill-date-time-law-march-2019-government-talks-a8047661.html" rel="noreferrer">this article</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The Prime Minister announced plans to amend the EU Withdrawal Bill to&#x... | united kingdom brexit | 1 | How was the exact time of Brexit computed? -- (united kingdom brexit)
<p>According to <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-latest-news-theresa-may-eu-withdrawal-bill-date-time-law-march-2019-government-talks-a8047661.html" rel="noreferrer">this article</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Th... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,086 | What happens to a country that runs out of population? | <p>Latvia has been losing its population for the last 30 years, and continues to steadily lose around 2% of its population every year. And that is with steady economic growth and no wars or crises (like Venezuela or Syria), so there are opinions that such trend will not stop. </p>

<p><a href="https://i.stack.i... | population demographics | 1 | What happens to a country that runs out of population? -- (population demographics)
<p>Latvia has been losing its population for the last 30 years, and continues to steadily lose around 2% of its population every year. And that is with steady economic growth and no wars or crises (like Venezuela or Syria), so there are... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,095 | Why do Americans vote on coroners, magistrates, school directors, and tax collectors? | <p>A friend of mine posted on Facebook about her recent election in Pennsylvania. <a href="http://webapps.chesco.org/election/lib/election/results/cumf.htm" rel="noreferrer">The results page</a> showed a whole bunch of results that are really, <em>really</em> odd to me as an Australian:</p>

<ul>
<li>Justic... | united states election government local government | 1 | Why do Americans vote on coroners, magistrates, school directors, and tax collectors? -- (united states election government local government)
<p>A friend of mine posted on Facebook about her recent election in Pennsylvania. <a href="http://webapps.chesco.org/election/lib/election/results/cumf.htm" rel="noreferrer">The ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,113 | How does Russia’s fake news benefit them? | <p>An article I saw on BBC News this morning was showing a clip where Theresa May accused Russia of creating fake news and photoshopped images during the United Kingdom general election last year. How would this benefit them (Russia) in any way? </p>

<p><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-41973043" ... | election fake news | 1 | How does Russia’s fake news benefit them? -- (election fake news)
<p>An article I saw on BBC News this morning was showing a clip where Theresa May accused Russia of creating fake news and photoshopped images during the United Kingdom general election last year. How would this benefit them (Russia) in any way? </p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,155 | If Roy Moore is elected, would this hurt the Republican party? | <p>Roy S. Moore, the Republican Senate candidate in the state of Alabama, was accused of sexual misconduct by five women. </p>

<p><a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/11/14/mcconnell-says-roy-moore-not-fit-serve-senate-wont-rule-out-expulsion-option/863619001/" rel="nofollow n... | united states election republican party | 1 | If Roy Moore is elected, would this hurt the Republican party? -- (united states election republican party)
<p>Roy S. Moore, the Republican Senate candidate in the state of Alabama, was accused of sexual misconduct by five women. </p>

<p><a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/11... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
26,160 | How predictive of the House Popular Vote is the Generic Ballot? | <p>The site FiveThirtyEight <a href="https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/congress-generic-ballot-polls/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">has</a> an "updating estimate of the generic ballot, based on polls that ask people which party they would support in a congressional election". My question is predictive of the House Pop... | united states parties polling house of representatives | 1 | How predictive of the House Popular Vote is the Generic Ballot? -- (united states parties polling house of representatives)
<p>The site FiveThirtyEight <a href="https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/congress-generic-ballot-polls/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">has</a> an "updating estimate of the generic ballot, based on po... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
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