KabLex

A lexical layer for Kabyle (Taqbaylit, kab, Latin script), from the AƔBALU project.

366,892 lexical entries merged from three permissively licensed sources and normalised to one orthography, plus 25,642 word–pronunciation pairs aligned from sentence-level grapheme-to-phoneme data.

from datasets import load_dataset

lex = load_dataset("agbalu/KabLex", "lexicon", split="train")
ipa = load_dataset("agbalu/KabLex", "pronunciations", split="train")

lexicon

366,892 entries — 234,936 distinct surface forms over 17,090 lemmas, 2,408 of them multiword.

field
form	the surface form, normalised
lemma	its lemma, where the source gives one
upos	Universal POS tag, where the source gives one
feats	morphological or domain features, UD-style. "_" is UD's placeholder for "no features", on 25,858 entries; the other 341,034 carry a real value, and the column is never null
glosses	list of {lang, text} — 9,658 entries carry at least one
source	the registry id this entry came from
licence	that source's licence

POS	entries
VERB	345,057
unlabelled	15,357
NOUN	5,603
PROPN	287
PART	249
ADJ, ADV, INTJ, others	246

The distribution is a property of the sources, not of Kabyle. 94% of the entries are verb forms because the largest contributing source is an inflected verb list. Treat this as a wide verbal paradigm resource with a thin nominal layer, not as a balanced dictionary.

Composition

source	entries	licence
hf.boffire.kabyle-verbs	342,257	CC-BY-4.0
hf.boffire.hunspell-kab	20,967	MIT
hf.agurzil.tafsut-maths-lexicon	3,668	CC-BY-4.0

What was excluded, and why

The built lexicon holds 395,834 entries. 28,942 are not published here, and the cut is made by code from each source's licence rather than by hand:

• 8,554 entries from an ODbL toponym source. ODbL §4.4 obliges a publicly used derivative database to be offered under ODbL too, so including them would impose share-alike on this whole release. ODbL is share-alike, not permissive — a distinction that is easy to get wrong and that changes what a downstream user is allowed to do.
• 20,388 entries whose upstream licence could not be established. An unresolved licence is not a permissive one. That source is independently available on the Hub.

Anyone who wants the full set can rebuild it from the registry; the exclusions are mechanical and reproducible, not editorial.

pronunciations

25,642 distinct words with an IPA pronunciation, aligned from 59,185 sentence-level pairs (99.53% alignment rate) over a 41-phoneme inventory.

field
word	the orthographic word, normalised
ipa	its most frequent pronunciation
variants	list of {ipa, count} — every attested pronunciation with its frequency

Ambiguity is 0.0%: no word in this set has two pronunciations attested at comparable frequency. That is a property of the source, which is single-annotator, and not evidence that Kabyle has no heterophonic homographs.

Source: boffire/kabyle-g2p-training-data, CC0-1.0.

Orthography

Everything is normalised to one documented orthography — normaliser 1.3.0+rules1.0.0, 81 rules, zero idempotence violations over 931,342 sentences.

This matters more for Kabyle than the phrase usually suggests. Two seed corpora in this project carry 2.60% and 3.19% homoglyph-corrupted rows — Greek ε U+03B5 written for Latin ɛ U+025B — and published Kabyle tokenizer vocabularies have that corruption baked into their merges, at a measured +17.8–21.3% token cost.

Kabyle legitimately uses ɣ ɛ ḥ ḍ ṣ ṭ ẓ ṛ č ǧ ţ, and the emphatic and spirantised distinctions carry meaning. Do not "clean" them away.

Known limits

• Not a balanced dictionary. See the POS distribution above.
• upos is absent for 15,357 entries and is the source's tag where present, not a reviewed annotation.
• The pronunciation set covers loanwords and proper nouns — android, amikruskop ("microscope"), armstrong — because it is aligned from running text and those occur in it. Three entries are genuinely non-lexical (3d, mp3, aah), 0.012% of the config. 🚫 Do not filter this config by word length or character inventory. The shortest entries are the most frequent words in the language: ad occurs 12,024 times, d 18,862, i 11,141, n 6,001.
• Two upstream defects are known and not silently patched here: one source maps ţ→ṭ against corpus evidence, and another tags i as isem. Both are owed as upstream reports.
• Glosses are mostly French, reflecting the sources.
• Nothing here is human-reviewed at scale. It is a merged, normalised, provenance-carrying union of existing resources — which is exactly what did not exist before, and is not the same thing as a curated dictionary.

Citation

@misc{agbalu_kablex,
  title  = {KabLex: a Kabyle lexicon and pronunciation dictionary},
  author = {AƔBALU},
  year   = {2026},
  url    = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/agbalu/KabLex}
}

Please also cite the upstream sources listed under Composition.

Licence

CC-BY-4.0. Every published entry is CC-BY-4.0 or MIT; CC-BY-4.0 is the more restrictive of the two and governs the release. The pronunciation config is CC0-1.0 upstream. Each row carries its own licence field, so a stricter subset can be cut by code.