| | --- |
| | viewer: false |
| | license: mit |
| | task_categories: |
| | - reinforcement-learning |
| | language: |
| | - en |
| | tags: |
| | - combinatorial-optimization |
| | - real-world |
| | - AI4CO |
| | pretty_name: Real World Neural Combinatorial Optimization Dataset |
| | size_categories: |
| | - 100K<n<1M |
| | --- |
| | |
| | # RRNCO Dataset |
| |
|
| | These is the dataset accompanying our work ["Neural Combinatorial Optimization for Real-World Routing"](https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.16159) |
| |
|
| |
|
| | Main code on Github: https://github.com/ai4co/real-routing-nco |
| |
|
| |
|
| | <p align="center"> |
| | <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ai4co/real-routing-nco/refs/heads/main/assets/real_routing.png" width="300" /> |
| | </p> |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| | ## Overview |
| | This dataset contains information about 100 carefully selected cities worldwide, chosen to represent diverse urban environments across multiple dimensions including geography, population, infrastructure, and cultural significance. |
| |
|
| | ## Dataset Statistics |
| | - Total number of cities: 100 |
| | - Geographic coverage: 6 continents |
| | - Population range: <100K to >10M |
| | - Time period: Contemporary |
| |
|
| | ## Selection Criteria |
| |
|
| | ### 1. Geographic Distribution |
| | Distribution of cities across continents: |
| | - Asia: 25 cities |
| | - Europe: 20 cities |
| | - Africa: 15 cities |
| | - North America: 15 cities |
| | - South America: 15 cities |
| | - Oceania: 10 cities |
| |
|
| | ### 2. Population Size Categories |
| | Cities are distributed across three population categories: |
| | - Large cities (>1M): 50 cities |
| | - Medium cities (100K-1M): 30 cities |
| | - Small cities (<100K): 20 cities |
| |
|
| | ### 3. Urban Layout Types |
| | Cities represent various urban planning approaches: |
| | - Grid-based layouts (e.g., Manhattan) |
| | - Radial patterns (e.g., Paris) |
| | - Organic development (e.g., Fez) |
| | - Mixed configurations (e.g., Tokyo) |
| |
|
| | ### 4. Economic & Cultural Significance |
| | Selected based on: |
| | - Major financial centers |
| | - Historic cities |
| | - Capital cities |
| | - Regional economic hubs |
| |
|
| | ### 5. Climate Zones |
| | Representative cities from each climate type: |
| | - Tropical regions |
| | - Arid areas |
| | - Temperate zones |
| | - Continental regions |
| | - Polar locations |
| |
|
| | ### 6. Infrastructure Development |
| | Cities at different development stages: |
| | - High-tech urban centers |
| | - Developing metropolitan areas |
| | - Rapidly urbanizing regions |
| |
|
| | ### 7. Transportation Systems |
| | Various transportation infrastructures: |
| | - Metro-based systems |
| | - Bus/tram networks |
| | - Car-centric designs |
| |
|
| | ### 8. Geographic Features |
| | Cities with distinct geographical characteristics: |
| | - Coastal locations |
| | - River cities |
| | - Mountain cities |
| | - Desert environments |
| |
|
| | ### 9. Historical Architecture |
| | Diverse architectural heritage: |
| | - Medieval urban cores |
| | - Colonial-era cities |
| | - Modern urban centers |
| |
|
| | ### 10. Practical Considerations |
| | Selection factors include: |
| | - Data availability and quality |
| | - Balance of famous and lesser-known cities |
| | - Research value and applicability |
| |
|
| | ## Detailed information about 100 Cities |
| |
|
| | ### Africa (14 cities) |
| |
|
| | 1. Lagos, Nigeria |
| | - Population: Large (15.4M) |
| | - Layout: Organic |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 2. Nairobi, Kenya |
| | - Population: Large (4.4M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Highland |
| | - Climate: Tropical highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 3. Casablanca, Morocco |
| | - Population: Large (3.4M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed colonial |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Medium |
| | - Transport: Tram system |
| |
|
| | 4. Cape Town, South Africa |
| | - Population: Large (4.6M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed colonial |
| | - Features: Coastal, Mountain |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 5. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| | - Population: Large (3.7M) |
| | - Layout: Organic |
| | - Features: Highland |
| | - Climate: Highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Light rail |
| |
|
| | 6. Dakar, Senegal |
| | - Population: Medium (3.1M) |
| | - Layout: Peninsula grid |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Semi-arid |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 7. Kinshasa, DR Congo |
| | - Population: Large (14.3M) |
| | - Layout: Organic |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Informal |
| |
|
| | 8. Luanda, Angola |
| | - Population: Large (8.3M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 9. Kigali, Rwanda |
| | - Population: Medium (1.2M) |
| | - Layout: Hilly organic |
| | - Features: Highland |
| | - Climate: Tropical highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 10. Marrakech, Morocco |
| | - Population: Medium (928K) |
| | - Layout: Medieval medina |
| | - Features: Desert proximity |
| | - Climate: Semi-arid |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Traditional |
| |
|
| | 11. Windhoek, Namibia |
| | - Population: Small (431K) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Highland |
| | - Climate: Semi-arid |
| | - Infrastructure: Medium |
| | - Transport: Car-centric |
| |
|
| | 12. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| | - Population: Large (6.7M) |
| | - Layout: Coastal grid |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus rapid transit |
| |
|
| | 13. Fez, Morocco |
| | - Population: Medium (1.2M) |
| | - Layout: Medieval organic |
| | - Features: Historical |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Traditional |
| | - Transport: Pedestrian |
| |
|
| | 14. Alexandria, Egypt |
| | - Population: Large (5.2M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Coastal, Historical |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Tram system |
| |
|
| | ### Asia (25 cities) |
| |
|
| | 15. Daejeon, South Korea |
| | - Population: Large (1.5M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Valley city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro + bus |
| | |
| | 16. Tokyo, Japan |
| | - Population: Large (37.4M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Bay city |
| | - Climate: Temperate |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 17. Shanghai, China |
| | - Population: Large (27.8M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed modern |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 18. Seoul, South Korea |
| | - Population: Large (25.6M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 19. Singapore |
| | - Population: Large (5.7M) |
| | - Layout: Planned |
| | - Features: Island city-state |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 20. Hong Kong, China SAR |
| | - Population: Large (7.5M) |
| | - Layout: Dense vertical |
| | - Features: Harbor city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 21. Mumbai, India |
| | - Population: Large (20.4M) |
| | - Layout: Linear coastal |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Suburban rail |
| |
|
| | 22. Bangkok, Thailand |
| | - Population: Large (10.7M) |
| | - Layout: River-centric |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Metro + boats |
| |
|
| | 23. Dubai, UAE |
| | - Population: Large (3.4M) |
| | - Layout: Linear modern |
| | - Features: Coastal, Desert |
| | - Climate: Arid |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 24. Kyoto, Japan |
| | - Population: Large (1.5M) |
| | - Layout: Grid historical |
| | - Features: Valley city |
| | - Climate: Temperate |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 25. Beijing, China |
| | - Population: Large (20.9M) |
| | - Layout: Ring roads |
| | - Features: Plain city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 26. Hanoi, Vietnam |
| | - Population: Large (8.1M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Motorbike-centric |
| |
|
| | 27. Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| | - Population: Large (1.6M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Valley city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 28. Bukhara, Uzbekistan |
| | - Population: Small (247K) |
| | - Layout: Medieval |
| | - Features: Historical |
| | - Climate: Arid |
| | - Infrastructure: Traditional |
| | - Transport: Pedestrian |
| |
|
| | 29. Taipei, Taiwan |
| | - Population: Large (2.6M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Basin city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 30. Yogyakarta, Indonesia |
| | - Population: Medium (422K) |
| | - Layout: Traditional |
| | - Features: Cultural center |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Mixed |
| |
|
| | 31. Mandalay, Myanmar |
| | - Population: Large (1.2M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Motorbike-centric |
| |
|
| | 32. Thimphu, Bhutan |
| | - Population: Small (115K) |
| | - Layout: Valley organic |
| | - Features: Mountain city |
| | - Climate: Highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 33. Vientiane, Laos |
| | - Population: Medium (820K) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Informal |
| |
|
| | 34. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| | - Population: Large (7.7M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed modern |
| | - Features: Valley city |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 35. Almaty, Kazakhstan |
| | - Population: Large (1.9M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Mountain city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 36. Colombo, Sri Lanka |
| | - Population: Large (5.6M) |
| | - Layout: Colonial grid |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Mixed |
| |
|
| | 37. Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| | - Population: Large (21.7M) |
| | - Layout: Organic |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Rickshaw + bus |
| |
|
| | 38. Baku, Azerbaijan |
| | - Population: Large (2.3M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Semi-arid |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 39. Chengdu, China |
| | - Population: Large (16.3M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Basin city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 40. Osaka, Japan |
| | - Population: Large (19.1M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Bay city |
| | - Climate: Temperate |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | ### Europe (21 cities) |
| |
|
| | 41. London, UK |
| | - Population: Large (9.4M) |
| | - Layout: Organic radial |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Temperate |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 42. Paris, France |
| | - Population: Large (11.1M) |
| | - Layout: Radial |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Temperate |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 43. Rome, Italy |
| | - Population: Large (4.3M) |
| | - Layout: Historical organic |
| | - Features: Seven hills |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro + bus |
| |
|
| | 44. Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| | - Population: Large (1.1M) |
| | - Layout: Canal rings |
| | - Features: Below sea level |
| | - Climate: Temperate maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bicycle + tram |
| |
|
| | 45. Prague, Czech Republic |
| | - Population: Large (1.3M) |
| | - Layout: Medieval radial |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 46. Stockholm, Sweden |
| | - Population: Large (1.6M) |
| | - Layout: Archipelago |
| | - Features: Island city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro + ferry |
| |
|
| | 47. Salzburg, Austria |
| | - Population: Small (155K) |
| | - Layout: Medieval core + modern areas |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal` |
| |
|
| | 48. Istanbul, Turkey |
| | - Population: Large (15.6M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Strait city |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 49. Barcelona, Spain |
| | - Population: Large (5.6M) |
| | - Layout: Grid + medieval |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro + walking |
| |
|
| | 50. Moscow, Russia |
| | - Population: Large (12.5M) |
| | - Layout: Ring roads |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 51. Reykjavik, Iceland |
| | - Population: Small (122K) |
| | - Layout: Modern grid |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Subarctic |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Car-centric |
| |
|
| | 52. Athens, Greece |
| | - Population: Large (3.2M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Historical |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 53. Vienna, Austria |
| | - Population: Large (1.9M) |
| | - Layout: Ring road |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 54. Dublin, Ireland |
| | - Population: Large (1.2M) |
| | - Layout: Georgian grid |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 55. Copenhagen, Denmark |
| | - Population: Large (1.3M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bicycle + metro |
| |
|
| | 56. Porto, Portugal |
| | - Population: Medium (237K) |
| | - Layout: Medieval organic |
| | - Features: River mouth |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro + historic tram |
| |
|
| | 57. Bergen, Norway |
| | - Population: Small (283K) |
| | - Layout: Fjord setting |
| | - Features: Coastal mountain |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Light rail + bus |
| |
|
| | 58. Dubrovnik, Croatia |
| | - Population: Small (42K) |
| | - Layout: Medieval walled |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Traditional |
| | - Transport: Pedestrian |
| |
|
| | 59. Edinburgh, UK |
| | - Population: Medium (524K) |
| | - Layout: Medieval + Georgian |
| | - Features: Hills |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 60. Helsinki, Finland |
| | - Population: Large (1.3M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Peninsula |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | ## North America (15 cities) |
| |
|
| | 61. New York City, USA |
| | - Population: Large (18.8M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Complex metro |
| |
|
| | 62. Mexico City, Mexico |
| | - Population: Large (21.8M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Valley city |
| | - Climate: Highland tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 63. Toronto, Canada |
| | - Population: Large (6.2M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Lake city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 64. San Francisco, USA |
| | - Population: Large (3.3M) |
| | - Layout: Grid on hills |
| | - Features: Peninsula |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 65. Vancouver, Canada |
| | - Population: Large (2.5M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Peninsula |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 66. Chicago, USA |
| | - Population: Large (8.9M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Lake city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro + elevated |
| |
|
| | 67. Montreal, Canada |
| | - Population: Large (4.2M) |
| | - Layout: Mixed |
| | - Features: Island city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 68. Los Angeles, USA |
| | - Population: Large (13.2M) |
| | - Layout: Sprawl grid |
| | - Features: Coastal basin |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Car-centric |
| |
|
| | 69. Havana, Cuba |
| | - Population: Large (2.1M) |
| | - Layout: Spanish colonial |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Traditional |
| | - Transport: Mixed |
| |
|
| | 70. Quebec City, Canada |
| | - Population: Medium (531K) |
| | - Layout: Historic walled |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Continental |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 71. New Orleans, USA |
| | - Population: Medium (391K) |
| | - Layout: French colonial |
| | - Features: River delta |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Streetcar + bus |
| |
|
| | 72. Guatemala City, Guatemala |
| | - Population: Large (2.9M) |
| | - Layout: Grid valley |
| | - Features: Valley city |
| | - Climate: Tropical highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus rapid transit |
| |
|
| | 73. Panama City, Panama |
| | - Population: Large (1.5M) |
| | - Layout: Coastal modern |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 74. Denver, USA |
| | - Population: Large (2.9M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Mountain proximity |
| | - Climate: Semi-arid |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Light rail |
| |
|
| | 75. San Juan, Puerto Rico |
| | - Population: Medium (395K) |
| | - Layout: Colonial + modern |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Car + bus |
| |
|
| | ### South America (15 cities) |
| |
|
| | 76. São Paulo, Brazil |
| | - Population: Large (22.4M) |
| | - Layout: Sprawling |
| | - Features: Highland |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Metro + bus |
| |
|
| | 77. Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| | - Population: Large (15.1M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 78. Lima, Peru |
| | - Population: Large (10.7M) |
| | - Layout: Grid + organic |
| | - Features: Coastal desert |
| | - Climate: Desert |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Bus rapid transit |
| |
|
| | 79. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| | - Population: Large (13.5M) |
| | - Layout: Coastal organic |
| | - Features: Mountain + coast |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Metro + bus |
| |
|
| | 80. Santiago, Chile |
| | - Population: Large (6.8M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Valley city |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro |
| |
|
| | 81. Cusco, Peru |
| | - Population: Medium (428K) |
| | - Layout: Inca + colonial |
| | - Features: Mountain city |
| | - Climate: Highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 82. Cartagena, Colombia |
| | - Population: Medium (914K) |
| | - Layout: Colonial walled |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Bus + walking |
| |
|
| | 83. Quito, Ecuador |
| | - Population: Large (2.0M) |
| | - Layout: Linear valley |
| | - Features: Highland |
| | - Climate: Highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Bus rapid transit |
| |
|
| | 84. Montevideo, Uruguay |
| | - Population: Large (1.4M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 85. La Paz, Bolivia |
| | - Population: Large (1.9M) |
| | - Layout: Valley organic |
| | - Features: Mountain city |
| | - Climate: Highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Cable car + bus |
| |
|
| | 86. Asunción, Paraguay |
| | - Population: Large (2.3M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 87. Salvador, Brazil |
| | - Population: Large (2.9M) |
| | - Layout: Colonial + modern |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Metro + bus |
| |
|
| | 88. Medellín, Colombia |
| | - Population: Large (2.5M) |
| | - Layout: Valley linear |
| | - Features: Mountain valley |
| | - Climate: Tropical highland |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Metro + cable car |
| |
|
| | 89. Valparaíso, Chile |
| | - Population: Medium (285K) |
| | - Layout: Hills organic |
| | - Features: Coastal hills |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Funicular + bus |
| |
|
| | 90. Curitiba, Brazil |
| | - Population: Large (1.9M) |
| | - Layout: Planned radial |
| | - Features: Highland |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bus rapid transit |
| |
|
| | ### Oceania (10 cities) |
| |
|
| | 91. Sydney, Australia |
| | - Population: Large (5.3M) |
| | - Layout: Harbor organic |
| | - Features: Harbor city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Multi-modal |
| |
|
| | 92. Melbourne, Australia |
| | - Population: Large (5.1M) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Temperate |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Tram + train |
| |
|
| | 93. Auckland, New Zealand |
| | - Population: Large (1.7M) |
| | - Layout: Harbor sprawl |
| | - Features: Isthmus city |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Car + bus |
| |
|
| | 94. Wellington, New Zealand |
| | - Population: Medium (212K) |
| | - Layout: Harbor basin |
| | - Features: Coastal hills |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bus + train |
| |
|
| | 95. Brisbane, Australia |
| | - Population: Large (2.5M) |
| | - Layout: River grid |
| | - Features: River city |
| | - Climate: Subtropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bus + train |
| |
|
| | 96. Perth, Australia |
| | - Population: Large (2.1M) |
| | - Layout: Coastal sprawl |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Mediterranean |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Train + bus |
| |
|
| | 97. Hobart, Australia |
| | - Population: Small (248K) |
| | - Layout: Mountain harbor |
| | - Features: Harbor city |
| | - Climate: Temperate |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 98. Christchurch, New Zealand |
| | - Population: Medium (404K) |
| | - Layout: Grid |
| | - Features: Coastal plain |
| | - Climate: Maritime |
| | - Infrastructure: Advanced |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 99. Nouméa, New Caledonia |
| | - Population: Small (94K) |
| | - Layout: Peninsula |
| | - Features: Coastal |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Mixed |
| | - Transport: Bus-centric |
| |
|
| | 100. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea |
| | - Population: Medium (364K) |
| | - Layout: Harbor sprawl |
| | - Features: Coastal hills |
| | - Climate: Tropical |
| | - Infrastructure: Developing |
| | - Transport: Bus + informal |
| |
|
| | ### Dataset Summary |
| |
|
| | Total Cities: 100 |
| |
|
| | Population Distribution: |
| | - Large cities (>1M): 50 |
| | - Medium cities (100K-1M): 30 |
| | - Small cities (<100K): 20 |
| |
|
| | Geographic Distribution: |
| | - Africa: 15 |
| | - Asia: 25 |
| | - Europe: 20 |
| | - North America: 15 |
| | - South America: 15 |
| | - Oceania: 10 |
| |
|
| | Climate Zones: |
| | - Tropical/Subtropical: 35 |
| | - Temperate/Mediterranean: 30 |
| | - Continental: 20 |
| | - Arid/Semi-arid: 10 |
| | - Maritime/Subarctic: 5 |
| |
|
| | Infrastructure Levels: |
| | - Advanced: 45 |
| | - Mixed: 25 |
| | - Developing: 25 |
| | - Traditional: 5 |
| |
|
| | Primary Transport Types: |
| | - Complex metro systems: 15 |
| | - Multi-modal: 30 |
| | - Bus-centric: 25 |
| | - Car-centric: 10 |
| | - Traditional/Informal: 20 |
