instruction stringlengths 20 51 | output stringlengths 15 8.88k |
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What does the command `sha384sum` do? | sha384sum - compute and check SHA384 message digest |
How is the `sha384sum` used? | sha384sum [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `sha384sum`? | Print or check SHA384 (384-bit) checksums.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
-b, --binary
read in binary mode
-c, --check
read checksums from the FILEs and check them
--tag create a BSD-style checksum
-t, --text
read ... |
What does the command `realpath` do? | realpath - print the resolved path |
How is the `realpath` used? | realpath [OPTION]... FILE... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `realpath`? | Print the resolved absolute file name; all but the last component must exist
-e, --canonicalize-existing
all components of the path must exist
-m, --canonicalize-missing
no path components need exist or be a directory
-L, --logical
resolve '..' component... |
What does the command `expr` do? | expr - evaluate expressions |
How is the `expr` used? | expr EXPRESSION
expr OPTION |
What is the detailed desciption of the `expr`? | --help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
Print the value of EXPRESSION to standard output. A blank line below separates increasing precedence groups.
EXPRESSION may be:
ARG1 | ARG2
ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, oth... |
What does the command `wc` do? | wc - print newline, word, and byte counts for each file |
How is the `wc` used? | wc [OPTION]... [FILE]...
wc [OPTION]... --files0-from=F |
What is the detailed desciption of the `wc`? | Print newline, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if more than one FILE is specified. A word
is a non-zero-length sequence of printable characters delimited by white space.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
The options below may be used to select which cou... |
What does the command `nproc` do? | nproc - print the number of processing units available |
How is the `nproc` used? | nproc [OPTION]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `nproc`? | Print the number of processing units available to the current process, which may be less than the number of on‐
line processors
--all print the number of installed processors
--ignore=N
if possible, exclude N processing units
--help display this help and exit
--ver... |
What does the command `fold` do? | fold - wrap each input line to fit in specified width |
How is the `fold` used? | fold [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `fold`? | Wrap input lines in each FILE, writing to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-b, --bytes
count bytes rather than columns
-s, --spaces
break at spaces
... |
What does the command `logname` do? | logname - print user´s login name |
How is the `logname` used? | logname [OPTION] |
What is the detailed desciption of the `logname`? | Print the user's login name.
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit |
What does the command `expand` do? | expand - convert tabs to spaces |
How is the `expand` used? | expand [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `expand`? | Convert tabs in each FILE to spaces, writing to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-i, --initial
do not convert tabs after non blanks
-t, --tabs=N
have... |
What does the command `uptime` do? | uptime - Tell how long the system has been running. |
How is the `uptime` used? | uptime [options] |
What is the detailed desciption of the `uptime`? | uptime gives a one line display of the following information. The current time, how long the system has been
running, how many users are currently logged on, and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes.
This is the same information contained in the header line displayed by w(1).
... |
What does the command `md5sum` do? | md5sum - compute and check MD5 message digest |
How is the `md5sum` used? | md5sum [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `md5sum`? | Print or check MD5 (128-bit) checksums.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
-b, --binary
read in binary mode
-c, --check
read checksums from the FILEs and check them
--tag create a BSD-style checksum
-t, --text
read in ... |
What does the command `dd` do? | dd - convert and copy a file |
How is the `dd` used? | dd [OPERAND]...
dd OPTION |
What is the detailed desciption of the `dd`? | Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.
bs=BYTES
read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512); overrides ibs and
obs
cbs=BYTES
convert BYTES bytes at a time
conv=CONVS
convert the file as per the comm... |
What does the command `mknod` do? | mknod - make block or character special files |
How is the `mknod` used? | mknod [OPTION]... NAME TYPE [MAJOR MINOR] |
What is the detailed desciption of the `mknod`? | Create the special file NAME of the given TYPE.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-m, --mode=MODE
set file permission bits to MODE, not a=rw - umask
-Z set the SELinux security context to default type
--context[=CTX]
... |
What does the command `unlink` do? | unlink - call the unlink function to remove the specified file |
How is the `unlink` used? | unlink FILE
unlink OPTION |
What is the detailed desciption of the `unlink`? | Call the unlink function to remove the specified FILE.
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit |
What does the command `[` do? | test - check file types and compare values |
How is the `[` used? | test EXPRESSION
test
[ EXPRESSION ]
[ ]
[ OPTION |
What is the detailed desciption of the `[`? | Exit with the status determined by EXPRESSION.
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
An omitted EXPRESSION defaults to false. Otherwise, EXPRESSION is true or false and sets exit status. It is
one of:
( EXPRESSION )
... |
What does the command `chown` do? | chown - change file owner and group |
How is the `chown` used? | chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `chown`? | This manual page documents the GNU version of chown. chown changes the user and/or
group ownership of each given file. If only an owner (a user name or numeric user
ID) is given, that user is made the owner of each given file, and the files' group
is not changed. If the owner is followed by... |
What does the command `basename` do? | basename - strip directory and suffix from filenames |
How is the `basename` used? | basename NAME [SUFFIX]
basename OPTION... NAME... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `basename`? | Print NAME with any leading directory components removed. If specified, also remove a trailing SUFFIX.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --multiple
support multiple arguments and treat each as a NAME
-s, --suffix=SUFFIX
remo... |
What does the command `pr` do? | pr - convert text files for printing |
How is the `pr` used? | pr [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `pr`? | Paginate or columnate FILE(s) for printing.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
+FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE], --pages=FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE]
begin [stop] printing with page FIRST_[LAST_]PAGE
... |
What does the command `fmt` do? | fmt - simple optimal text formatter |
How is the `fmt` used? | fmt [-WIDTH] [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `fmt`? | Reformat each paragraph in the FILE(s), writing to standard output. The option -WIDTH is an abbreviated form of
--width=DIGITS.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-c, --crown-margin
... |
What does the command `who` do? | who - show who is logged on |
How is the `who` used? | who [OPTION]... [ FILE | ARG1 ARG2 ] |
What is the detailed desciption of the `who`? | Print information about users who are currently logged in.
-a, --all
same as -b -d --login -p -r -t -T -u
-b, --boot
time of last system boot
-d, --dead
print dead processes
-H, --heading
print line of column headings
-l, --... |
What does the command `id` do? | id - print real and effective user and group IDs |
How is the `id` used? | id [OPTION]... [USER]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `id`? | Print user and group information for each specified USER, or (when USER omitted) for the current process.
-a ignore, for compatibility with other versions
-Z, --context
print only the security context of the process
-g, --group
print only the effective group ID
... |
What does the command `mkdir` do? | mkdir - make directories |
How is the `mkdir` used? | mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `mkdir`? | Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-m, --mode=MODE
set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx - umask
-p, --parents
no error if existing, make parent directories as needed, wi... |
What does the command `head` do? | head - output the first part of files |
How is the `head` used? | head [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `head`? | Print the first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE, precede each with a header
giving the file name.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-c, --bytes=[-]NUM
... |
What does the command `date` do? | date - print or set the system date and time |
How is the `date` used? | date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]] |
What is the detailed desciption of the `date`? | Display date and time in the given FORMAT. With -s, or with [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]], set the date and time.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-d, --date=STRING
display time described by STRING, not 'now'
--debug
annotate the par... |
What does the command `sync` do? | sync - Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage |
How is the `sync` used? | sync [OPTION] [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `sync`? | Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage
If one or more files are specified, sync only them, or their containing file systems.
-d, --data
sync only file data, no unneeded metadata
-f, --file-system
sync the file systems that contain the files
--help dis... |
What does the command `nohup` do? | nohup - run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty |
How is the `nohup` used? | nohup COMMAND [ARG]...
nohup OPTION |
What is the detailed desciption of the `nohup`? | Run COMMAND, ignoring hangup signals.
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
If standard input is a terminal, redirect it from an unreadable file. If standard output is a terminal, append
output to 'nohup.out' if possible, '$HOME/no... |
What does the command `ls` do? | ls - list directory contents |
How is the `ls` used? | ls [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `ls`? | List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of
-cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all
do not ignore entries starting with .
-A, --... |
What does the command `readlink` do? | readlink - print resolved symbolic links or canonical file names |
How is the `readlink` used? | readlink [OPTION]... FILE... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `readlink`? | Note realpath(1) is the preferred command to use for canonicalization functionality.
Print value of a symbolic link or canonical file name
-f, --canonicalize
canonicalize by following every symlink in every component of the given name recursively; all but the
last compone... |
What does the command `chmod` do? | chmod - change file mode bits |
How is the `chmod` used? | chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `chmod`? | This manual page documents the GNU version of chmod. chmod changes the file mode
bits of each given file according to mode, which can be either a symbolic represen‐
tation of changes to make, or an octal number representing the bit pattern for the
new mode bits.
The format of a symbo... |
What does the command `csplit` do? | csplit - split a file into sections determined by context lines |
How is the `csplit` used? | csplit [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `csplit`? | Output pieces of FILE separated by PATTERN(s) to files 'xx00', 'xx01', ..., and output byte counts of each piece
to standard output.
Read standard input if FILE is -
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-b, --suffix-format=FORMAT
use sprin... |
What does the command `true` do? | true - do nothing, successfully |
How is the `true` used? | true [ignored command line arguments]
true OPTION |
What is the detailed desciption of the `true`? | Exit with a status code indicating success.
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
NOTE: your shell may have its own version of true, which usually supersedes the version described here. Please
refer to your shell's documentation fo... |
What does the command `sort` do? | sort - sort lines of text files |
How is the `sort` used? | sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...
sort [OPTION]... --files0-from=F |
What is the detailed desciption of the `sort`? | Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. Ordering options:
-b, --ignore-leading-blanks
ignore leading blanks
-d, --dictionary... |
What does the command `ln` do? | ln - make links between files |
How is the `ln` used? | ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME
ln [OPTION]... TARGET
ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY
ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `ln`? | In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME. In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in
the current directory. In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY. Create hard links
by default, symbolic links with --symbolic. By default, each destination (name... |
What does the command `tty` do? | tty - print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input |
How is the `tty` used? | tty [OPTION]... |
What is the detailed desciption of the `tty`? | Print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.
-s, --silent, --quiet
print nothing, only return an exit status
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit |
What does the command `rm` do? | rm - remove files or directories |
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