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α O
+ O
β O
) O
phase S-CONPRI
and O
very O
fine O
equiaxed O
α O
grain S-CONPRI
with O
a O
refined O
β O
phase S-CONPRI
at O
the O
grain B-CONPRI
boundary E-CONPRI
. O
The O
tensile B-PRO
strength E-PRO
of O
the O
FSW S-MANP
is O
nearly O
equal O
to O
the O
base O
material S-MATE
at O
a O
relatively O
higher O
tool B-PARA
rotation I-PARA
speed E-PARA
. O
Significant O
tool B-CONPRI
wear E-CONPRI
is O
observed O
at O
lower O
tool B-PARA
rotation I-PARA
speeds E-PARA
, O
resulting O
in O
lower O
weld B-PRO
strength E-PRO
. O
Additive B-MANP
manufacturing E-MANP
of O
titanium B-MATE
alloy I-MATE
Ti-6Al-4 I-MATE
V E-MATE
has O
significantly O
increased O
over O
the O
past O
few O
years O
, O
primarily O
due O
to O
its O
broad O
application O
over O
the O
conventional B-MANP
manufacturing E-MANP
process O
for O
complex O
and O
near B-MANP
net I-MANP
shape E-MANP
production O
. O